[From the U.S. Government Printing Office, www.gpo.gov]



                                                                                                                                                                                    NIPS. 01 - 23





                                                                                                          EROSION AND
                                                                                                          SEDIMENTATION
                                       Cheater                                                            POLLUTION CONTROL
                                                                                                          PLAN GUIDE FOR
                                                                                                          SMALL PROJECTS








                                                                                      Erosion & Sediment Control Plan





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                                                                                                     1995

                                                                     A Publication of the Southeast Pennsylvania

                                                                            Association of Conservation Districts











                              SOUTHEAST PENNSYLVANIA
                                           ASSOCIATION
                           OF CONSERVATION DISTRICTS


            John Thomas, Manager                                     Ed Magargee, Manager
            Bucks Co. C.D.                                           Delaware Co. C.D.
            924 Town Center                                          Rose Tree Park - Hunt Club
            New Britain, PA 18901-5182                               1521 N. Providence Rd.
            (215)345-7577                                            Media, PA 19063
                                                                     (610)892-9484

            Dan Greig, Manager                                       Rich Kadwill, Manager
            Chester Co. C.D.                                         Montgomery Co. C.D.
            Gov't Service Center                                     1015 Bridge St.,Suite B
            601 Westtown Road, Suite 395                             Collegeville, PA 19426
            West Chester, PA 19382-4519                              (610)489-4506
            (610)696-5126


            Project Coordinated by: Ed Maaaraee




                                               OCTOBER 1995



            PIROJECT FUNDING STATEMENT
                   This project we originally funded in part by a $2,000.00 grant from the PA Department of
            Environmental Resources in 1992. The Bureau of land and Water Conservation approved the project
            to be funded with money collected from fines and penalties deposited in the PA Clean Water Fund.
                   The 1995 Update was financed in part through a Federal Coastal Zone Management Grant
            from the PA Department of Environmental Protection (fon-nerly the Department of Environmental
            Resources), with funds provided by NOAA. The views expressed herein are those of the author(s) and
            do not necessarily reflect the views of NOAA or any of its subagencies.










                                                TABLE OF CONTENTS



                  INTRODUCTION            ..........................................................................................................1


                  CHAPTER 102 - EROSION CONTROL REGULATIONS                                    ...........................................1


                  GENERAL FACTORS TO BE CONSIDERED IN
                  DEVELOPING A PLAN                .................................................................................................2


                  VEGETATION TO CONTROL EROSION                          ......................................................................2


                  ABOVE SITE DRAINAGE                 .............................................................................................5


                  EROSION & SEDIMENT CONTROL PRACTICES                               .......................................................5


                  EROSION & SEDIMENT CONTROL PLAN
                  NARRATIVE         ................................................................................................................ 16


                  EROSION & SEDIMENT CONTROL PLAN
                  DESIGN & LAYOUT SHEET                  ...................................................................................... 19


                  APPENDIX        .................................................................................................................. 21





                                     WARNING


                                          This guide is for use on low hazard projects which we
                                     have defined as follows:
                                     1.   Disturbs less than one acre of earth.
                                     2.   Slopes must not exceed 8% within the disturbed area.
                                     3.   Maximum off-site drainage to be diverted cannot exceed
                                          five acres.
                                     4.   For projects within special protection watersheds, consult
                                          your local Conservation District for additional guidance.
                                          The Conservation District reserves the right to determine
                                     whether or not this guide is acceptable.






                                                        INTRODUCTION

                        This document was designed to assist in the development of Erosion and Sediment Pollution
                   Control Plans for projects which disturb less than 1 acre, and are "low hazard" involving minimal
                   disturbance of gently sloping areas. Existing erosion and sediment control publications
                   concentrate on the larger complex projects. The material addressed in these publications is often
                   understandable only by qualified professionals. To determine the essential requirements for a
                   small project is nearly impossible. The existing manuals do not attempt to make a distinction
                   between multi-million dollar projects, and the single lot improvement project.
                        Your local Conservation District would like to clear up this confusion, and simplify the erosion
                   and sediment pollution control planning process. Our intent is to take a step by step outlined
                   approach to the development of an erosion and sediment pollution control plan.
                        If erosion control plans are required by a local municipality for your project this manual may
                   not be sufficient. Local regulation can require more stringent controls and procedures than those
                   proposed by the manual. Erosion and Sediment Control Plans for small projects properly prepared
                   with the assistance of this manual will satisfy the requirements of Chapter 102 pertaining to plan
                   development and content. The local Conservation District reserves the right to determine
                   whether or not this manual can be used due to the objective nature of the term "Low Hazard."
                        Please be aware that other federal, state, and local permits maybe required. To check on
                   possible permit requirements contact The Department of Environmental Protection7s Regional
                   Office in Conshohocken. Please look in the Blue Pages under State Government for the current
                   phone number. Also contact the local municipality in which the construction is to take place to
                   check on their requirements.

                        CHAPTER 102 - EROSION CONTROL REGULATIONS

                        The reason for Chapter 102 - "Erosion Control Regulations" is to implement the intent of the
                   Clean Streams Law of Pennsylvania. The Clean Streams Law prohibits the discharge into the
                   waters of the Commonwealth any substance which creates a nuisance. The law is not this simple
                   and straight forward, but the bottom line is essentially the same. Sediment with its number one
                   rating, by volume, as a pollutant to Pennsylvania's waters is listed as a nuisance.
                        A copy of Chapter 102 is available from your local conservation district. Please consult the
                   latest version of these regulations when preparing your plan if you have questions not covered by
                   this guide. Chapter 102 is a set of rules and regulations administered by the Department of
                   Environmental Protection, Bureau of Land and Water Conservation. The regulations attempt to
                   provide controls to alleviate the sediment pollution problem. Anyone who disturbs vegetation, or
                   exposes the earth's surface to the forces of erosion is subject to these controls. The primary
                   element of Chapter 102 is the Erosion and Sediment Pollution Control Plan. This plan is required to
                   include information on site characteristics, proposed alterations, and a step by step outline on how
                   accelerated erosion and the resulting sedimentation will be controlled throughout the duration of
                   the project.
                        The regulations require that every project which involves disturbing the earth's soil layer
                   develop the type of plan described above. Projects which disturb 25 acres or more, and do not
                   meet several conditions must obtain an Earth Disturbance Permit. Small projects must develop
                   and implement the required erosion and sediment control plan, but no earth disturbance permits
                   or reviews are required by Chapter 102. A small project which fails to produce an erosion and
                   sediment control plan during an official site inspection is subject to the same fines and penalties as a
                   lar.qer permitted site.
                        Local municipalities and the Department of Environmental Protectiods various permitting
                   Bureaus often require an erosion and sediment control plan to be submitted for review by the
                   Conservation District prior to construction. Local municipalities can also have rules and
                   regulations that are more stringent than Chapter 102.
                        Chapter 102 regulations attempt to keep sedimentation from damaging the waters of the
                   Commonwealth. The regulations require an Erosion and Sediment Pollution Control Plan to be
                   developed, implemented, and maintained. The regulations although complex simply attempt to
                   keep erosion and sediment from becoming a nuisance.

                                                                      I






                              GENERAL FACTORS TO BE CONSIDERED
                                             IN DEVELOPING A PLAN


                 A. Practice Proper Site Grading - Hold Site Grading to a Minimum

                      The risk of severe erosion increases in relationship to the amount of site alteration. Steeply
                 sloping sites generally will require more grading than gently sloping sites. Excessive cutting and
                 filling may alter the ground water system, open seeps or expose unstable soils. Improperly
                 compacted fills may also be extremely erosive.
                      All of the topsoil from areas where cuts and fills have been made should be stockpiled and
                 redistributed uniformly after grading. This is the key to revegetating the site.


                 B. Save Existing Vegetation, Especially Trees

                      Vegetative Cover is the best soil protection against erosion. A good sod can be up to 98%
                 effective in controlling erosion. Vegetation to be saved should be protected during the
                 construction process. Trees and shrubs that are to be saved should be marked and roped off along
                 the entire drip line, (area under the crown of the tree.) This procedure protects the plants from
                 damage by construction equipment. Filling around trees should be avoided. Advice on how to best
                 protect trees is available from D.C.N.R., Bureau of Forestry.


                 C. Minimize the Area and Time of Exposure

                      It is risky to remove all the vegetation and topsoil from areas, but sometimes it cannot be
                 avoided. When this happens, plan the construction sequence to keep the size and time of
                 exposure to a minimum. Stabilize all areas as soon as you can. Applying a stone base to your
                 access or driveway the same day it is cut in is an exellent example.


                 D. Timing of Your Project

                      Always try to schedule earthmoving activities during the growing season. Permanent seedings
                 become established best when planted in the Spring or early Fall.


                                 VEGETATION TO CONTROL EROSION


                      The use of vegetation to control erosion and sedimention should be given primary
                 consideration when developing your E&S control plan. Areas of moderate slopes and fertile soil
                 can be easily stabilized by using plants and cultural methods common in the region. Establishing
                 heavy plant cover on moderate slopes will usually protect the site from erosion. During land use
                 changes a temporary cover of annual vegetation is sufficient and at the completion of the change
                 more permanent cover crops should be used. Adequate soil cover for soil stabilization is when
                 vegetation covers 709/o of each square yard.
                      Sites that have exposed subsoil, steep slopes, shallow depth to bedrock, droughty conditions
                 or other limiting properties require additional treatment. Such sites demand special attention be
                 given to seedbed preparation, adjusted fertility levels, supplemental irrigation, adapted seedlings
                 or plantings and site protection until the vegetative cover is established. More emphasis must be
                 placed on the stabilization of critical areas because they erode severely and are the source of much
                 sediment.
                      Since vegetation is considered the most effective and practical erosion control practice it is
                 recommended that you consult the Penn State Agronomy Guide. The information contained in
                 this publication stems from current research and development of erosion control plantings.
                 Information from selecting good quality seed to maintaining established areas is well presented,
                 and will be a valuable asset to your erosion control plan design efforts. The proper seed mixtures
                 can be obtained from building supply stores, farm product stores, or even ordered from seed

                                                                  2






                   catalogs. Local Hardware stores sell seed mixtures which can be combined with another mixture
                   to obtain the recommended amounts. Included in this guide are seeding mixtures and preparations
                   for standard sites. This information if used will provide adequate stabilization on sites which do not
                   have any special problems.


                                 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR REVEGETATION

                    A. LIME - AGRICULTURAL GRADE LIMESTONE
                         Adding lime to the soil is vital to your revegetation efforts. The majority of disturbed sites are
                    acid and infertile. Acid precipitation complicates this pH problem. A soil test from a reptutable
                    laboratory is recommended. If soil test results are not available apply lime at the following rates:
                    I Lime                               4 tons per acre                        190 lbs. per 1000 s.f.

                    B. FERTILIZER - COMMERCIAL TYPE 10-20-20
                         The need for fertilizer can not be underestimated. Fertilizer will greatly increase the growth of
                    both the plant and its roots. Once again a soil test is the preferred alternative. If soil test results are
                    not available apply fertilizer as follows:
                    I Fertilizer                        930 lbs. per acre                         25 lbs. per 1000 s.f.

                    C. MULCH - HAY OR STRAW
                         All areas which are seeded with either temporary or permanent seed mixtures should be
                    mulched. Mulch is a loose layer 3/4" to 1" deep of Hay or Straw. Mulch reduces soil erosion, aids
                    seed germination, and conserves moisture. Hay or straw should not be chopped or finely broken
                    during application. Mulch should be applied as follows:
                    I Mulch                              3 tons per acre                        140 lbs. per 1000 s.f.

                    D. SEEDED PREPARATION AND SEEDING METHODS
                         Prior to seeding, apply the recommended amount of limestone and work as deeply as possible
                    into the soil. At seeding time work recommended fertilizer as deep as possible into the soil. Seed at
                    the recommended rates and follow with an adequate layer of mulch.
                         Seed can be applied to disturbed areas in many ways. Broadcast seeding by either hand or
                    spreader, drill, and hydroseeding are some examples. Hydroseeding is a common practice on
                    Construction Sites. The lime, fertilizer, and seed mixture is added at one time. Warning: To
                    achieve adequate revegetation the seedbed still must be properly graded and tilled. Wood
                    Cellulose a paper-like product is often substituted for mulch. The rate of application should be 320
                    lbs. per 1,000 square yards. This is not the preferred alternative. Wood Cellulose is better applied
                    at a rate of 160 lbs. per 1,000 square yards as a tack coat to hold straw or hay mulch in place.
                         If temporary seeding is necessary divide the fertilizer and lime recommendations. Apply the
                    following as part of the temporary seeding:

                      Lime                                1 ton per acre                          50 lbs. per 1000 s.f.
                      Fertilizer                        150 lbs. per acre                           5 lbs. per 1000 s.f.


                        Then apply the remainder of the recommended rates during the final seeding process.



                                                                        3







                  E. TEMPORARY SEED MIXTURE

                      Annual Ryegrass is a quick germinating species of grass which can be seeded at almost
                  anytime. If you plan to leave your project disturbed and inactive for 20 days or more a temporary
                  seeding should be applied immediately. If your site is going to remain inactive for 6 months or more,
                  however a permanent seeding is necessary.

                    Annual Ryegrass                           40 lbs. per acre              1 lbs. per 1000 s.f.


                  F. PERMANENT SEED MIXTURES

                      Establishing a permanent vegetative cover is the final step to effective erosion and sediment
                  pollution control. It is recommended that the Penn State Agronomy Guide be consulted. To make
                  this guide comprehensive we have selected a few mixtures which will meet the requirements of
                  Chapter 102 - Erosion Control.

                                                   Lawn and Mowed Areas


                    A. Kentucky Bluegrass                      30 lbs. per acre              12 oz. per 1,000 s.f.
                       Redtop                                  3 lbs. per acre                2 oz. per 1,000 s.f.
                       Perennial Ryegrass                      20 lbs. per acre               8 oz. per 1,000 s.f.

                        *TOTAL SEEDING                         53 lbs. per acre              22 oz. per 1,000 s.f.

                                                                       or

                    B. Penniawn-Fine Fescue                    40 lbs. per acre              16 oz. per 1,000 s.f.
                       Redtop                                  3 lbs. per acre                2 oz. per 1,000 s.f.
                       Perennial Ryegrass                      20 lbs. per acre               8 oz. per 1,000 s.f.

                         *TOTAL SEEDING                        63 lbs. per acre              26 oz. per 1,000 s.f.


                                                  Slopes or Un-Mowed Areas


                    **Crownvetch                               25 lbs. per acre              10 oz. per 1,000 s.f.
                    Perennial Ryegrass                         25 lbs. per acre              10 oz. per 1,000 s.f.

                      *TOTAL SEEDING                           50 lbs. per acre              20 oz. per 1,000 s.f.


                    All mixtures given above are for PLS - Pure Live Seed 100%. To calculate PLS, the percentage of
                  pure seed is multiplied by the percentage of germination, and the product is divided by 100.(85%
                  Pure Seed x 72% germination) divided by = 61% PLS. To determine how much seed to plant, divide
                  the percentage into 100. Example: 100 Divided by 61 = 1.63. Thus, every pound of seed mixture
                  called for should then be 1.63 lbs.
                  ** - Crownvetch is a Legume and will require an inoculant.
                  Please contact your seed supplier for specific directions on appling the required inoculant.

                  G. TIME OF SEEDING - Permanent

                       For best results, grass and legume seedings should be made in the Spring; however, with
                  proper establishment techniques, disturbed sites can be seeded almost anytime from spring to fall.
                  A general rule is as follows:
                       (1) Legume seedings need a growing period of at least 10 to 12 weeks prior to hard frosts.
                       (2) Grasses generally require at least 4 to 6 weeks of growth prior to hard frosts.

                                                                   4






                                               ABOVE SITE DRAINAGE


                       It is important to consider the possible problems that can be created by run-off from above
                  your project. Run-off should be diverted safely around any disturbed areas, or be slowed and
                  carefully directed through the area of disturbance. Unprotected soil erodes severely when
                  exposed to concentrated run-off.

                       In order to evaluate the issue purchasing a topographic map of your area may prove
                  beneficial. Topographic maps are available from the U.S. Geological Survey, Map Sales, Federal
                  Center, Box 25286, Denver, CO 80225. Small projects can often be observed in the field. Check for
                  existing signs of erosion within the project area. Look for concentrated run-off sources such as
                  downspouts from roof gutters, swale outlets, and springs.

                       Methods to divert the run-off will be listed in the Control Practice section. Keeping clean run-
                  off from picking up sediment from your project will be very beneficial.





                                           E & S CONTROL PRACTICES


                       This next section is devoted strictly to providing the erosion and sediment control plan
                  designer with standards and specifications, for the most frequently used control practices. A few of
                  the following designs call for specific engineering calculations. If the practice is intended to be left in
                  place for a permanent control structure the Conservation District highly recommends seeking
                  professional assistance. Since this manual is intended only for "Low Hazard" sites, however, the
                  majority of the necessary controls can be designed with the following sheets as guidelines.
                       The design specifications were developed from the requirements presented in the "Erosion
                  and Sediment Pollution Control Program Manual of April 1990" by the Bureau of Land and Water
                  Conservation of the Department of Environmental Protection -
                       These controls are not the only controls which can be utilized. If you design controls other
                  than those included in this manual simply include a design sketch with your erosion and sediment
                  control plan. Soil information is presented in the County Soil Survey available from your local
                  Conservation District Office.



























                                                                   5







                                         Filter Fabrics Fence Installation Details



                *Wood or Steel
                 Support Stake                            Fence                                          STANDARD SECTION
                                                          Compacted Backfill                                   18" FENCE HEIGHT
                                                                                Ground


                             Existing
                                                      6"
                                                      -Toe Anchor Trench
                                         12;; -
                                           L
                                                 6"
                                               V               Use 2" x 2" Wood Stakes (Min)
                                                               or Steel Stake of equal strength

                                *SPACING OF SUPPORT STAKES @ 8' MAX.
                                                                                                Reinforcing Mesh**


                                                            *Wood or Steel                                        3
                                                             Support Stake                       Fabric               I         Min. 10 Ga Wire
                 REINFORCED SECTION                         SEE CUTAWAY VIEW                     Compacted Backfill                    GROUND
                       30" FENCE HEIGHT
                                                                  E)(ISTING
                                                                                                6"                                    1"x1"x12"
                                                                                                      TOE ANCHOR TRENCH                 Stakes

                                            Reinforcement
                                                 Mesh


                                                                         **MESH:       Either Industrial Polypropolene
                                                                                       or Steel mesh w/Max 6"
                                                                                       Opening = 1" - Min. 14 Ga.

                                                              Fabric        SPACING OF SUPPORT STAKES
                                                 Cutaway View              @ 8" MAX.

                                             TABLE 5.2 Maximum Slope Lengths for Filter Fabric Fences
                                                                       Maximum Slope Length (ft) Above Fences
                                               Slope - Percent             18" High Fence         30" High Fence
                                                       2  (or less)               250                     500
                                                       5                          100                     250
                                                      10                           50                     150
                                                      15                           35                     100
                                                      20                           25                      70
                                                      25                           20                      55
                                                      30                           15                      45
                                                      35                           15                      40
                                                      40                           15                      35
                                                      45                           10           1          30
                                                      50                           10.          1          25
                          Slope - Percent: A 2% slope would equal a two foot vertical drop in 100 feet of
                                                      Fence,
                                                          Compacted Backfill
                                                                                Grou"

























                                                                                     12"
                                                                                            6'












                                                              Fab

























                          horizontal distance.

                          (Slope Length is calculated based on drainage area; multiple rows of silt fence is not
                          acceptable.)



                                                                               6








                            FILTER FABRIC FENCE
                                 (SILT FENCE)


            INSTALLATION:
            (1) A trench will be plowed or otherwise excavated to the required depth with little, if
               any, disturbance to the clownslope side of the trench. The bottom of the trench
               and the fence top will be placed at level grade.
            (2) Support stakes will be driven to the 12" minimum depth below the existing ground
               surface, at 8' maximum intervals.
            (3) Stretch and fasten fabric to the upslope side of the support stakes (if a reinforced
               section, fasten reinforcement mesh prior to fastening the fabric).
            (4) Where ends of fabric come together, they will be overlapped, folded and stapled to
               prevent sediment bypass.
            (5) The toe anchor will be backfilled and compacted to a density equal to surrounding
               soils.
            (6) If constructing a reinforced section, attach guy wires to support stakes. Provisions
               should be made for easy loosening and removal of guy wires to allow for access to
               perform maintenance work.

            MAINTENANCE:
            (1) The fence installation should be inspected after every precipitation event and
               weekly. Any necessary repairs will be made immediately.
            (2) Accumulated sediments will be removed as required to keep the fence functional.
               In ail cases remove deposits where accumulations reach 1/2 the above ground
               height of the fence.
            (3) All undercutting or erosion of the toe anchor will be repaired immediately with
               compacted backfill materials.

            RESTRICTIONS:
            (1) The formation of concentrated flows on the drainage slope above a filter fabric
               fence installation is not permitted. If concentrated flows do occur, direct slope
               stabilization measures must be employed to prevent such conditions.
            (2) Filter fabric fences will not be placed in any area of concentrated flows such as
               ditches, swales, channels, etc.
            (3) Filter fabric fences will not be used in areas where rock or rocky soils prevent the
               full and uniform anchoring of the fence toe.
            (4) Filter fabric material will not be placed across the entrance to pipes or culverts and
               will not be wrapped around the principal spillway structures of sediment traps or
               basins.






                                       40


                             419






                         ILLUSTRATION










                                        7








                                                                   Straw Bale Barrier


             1. Excavate the Trench.               2. Place and Stake Straw Bales.       3. Wedge Loose Straw Between           4. Backlill and Compact the
                                                                                            Bales.                                  Excavated Soil. (Anchor Toe)



                                                                                                                 A@ -



                                                  4

                                                   Widt









                                                                                                 2"x 2"x 36" Stakes

                                                                                                        Staked and Entrenched
                                                 Binding Wire                                           Straw Bale
                                                 or Twine
                                                                                                                      ompacted Soil to
                                                   Filtered Runoff                                                  Prevent Piping (Anchor toe)
                                                                                                                        Sediment Laden
                                                                                                                        Runoff





                                                in



                                                               18"






                                INSTALLATION:
                                (1)    The anchoring trench will be constructed to the required grade and depth
                                       shown.
                                (2)    Support stakes will be driven to the 18" minimum depth.
                                (3)    The anchoring trench will be backfilled and compacted to a density equal to
                                       undisturbed site soils.

                                MAINTENANCE:
                                (1)    The barrier will be inspected after every runoff event. Dislodged bales should
                                       be reset, staked and backfilled to the requirements listed under "Installation".
                                       All clogged or inoperative bales will be replaced.
                                (2)    Accumulated sediments will be removed as required and in all cases where
                                       uniform accumulations reach 1/3 the above ground height of the barrier.
                                (3)    All undercutting or erosion of the anchor toe will be repaired immediately with
                                       compacted backfill materials.

                                RESTRICTIONS:
                                (1) Restrictions are the same as fabric fence.
                                                                -,N                   r@
                                                                'Off N,
                                                                                                                                 11 I-dU
                                                                                                                        Zunoff


























                                (2) Slope length limitations are the same as fabric fence.
                                (3) Straw bale barriers will be replaced every three months or more often if the
                                       bales deteriorate.




                                                                                          8
















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                               TEMPORARY SWALE



                                    21 or FLATTER
                                                   \EXISTING GROUND
                                      C min.


                                      D min LEVEL


                                     CROSS SECTION




              DIMENSIONS

               C. Depth 1.5' (includes 1/2' freeboard)
               D. Bottom width 4'



                            CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATIONS

                1. All temporary swales shall have uninterrupted positive grade to an outlet.
                2. Diverted runoff from a disturbed area shall be conveyed to a sediment
                  trapping device.
                3. Diverted runoff from an undisturbed area shall outlet directly into an
                  undisturbed stabilized area at non-erosive velocity.
                4. All trees, brush, stumps, obstructions, and other objectionable material shall
                  be removed and disposed of so as not to interfere with the proper
                  functioning of the Swale.
                5. The swale shall be excavated or shaped to line, grade, and cross section as
                  required to meet the criteria specified herein and be free of bank projections
                  or other irregularities which will impede normal flow.
                6. Fills shall be compacted by earth moving equipment.
                7. All earth removed and not needed on construction shall be placed so that it
                  will not interfere with the functioning of the Swale.
                8. Maximum Drainage area is 5 Acres.
                9. Maximum Slope of Swale 8.0%.
                10. Periodic inspections and maintenance must be provided.


                                Flow Channel Stabilization

                  Channel Grade       Type of Stabilization-

                  0.5- 1.0%           Seed and Straw Mulch
                  1.0%-2.5%            Jute Matting (or equivalent)
                                       with Straw Mulch
                  2.5-8.0%             Sod Lining
                 Requires rock apron outlet (illustrated next page)



                                            10








                                           ROCK APRON OUTLET
                                                   PROTECTION





                               Y V V, Y Y Y Y Y                                              R-4 Lining

                                   SWALE                        A                    C
                           -A A A,A A A A 24                            2
                                                                        B          4









                        DIMENSIONS

                        A - 12' (Match with grades from outlet of swale)
                        B - 10' Length
                        C -16' Outlet End



                                         CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATIONS


                        1. Rock Aprons are required to reduce the outlet velocity of a swale to 3.0 f.p.s.
                           or less.

                        2. R-4 Rock has a maximum diameter of 12" and a minimum diameter of 3".

                        3. The placement of a layer of geotextile prior to installing the rock lining is
                           recommended.

                        4. Outlets must discharge to a stable non-erosive outlet.
                                                                  @
                                                                             0


                                                                        2









                      DETAIL FOR STABILIZING WATERWAYS WITH JUTE
                                              OR EXCELSIOR MATTINGS





                         A.    Bury the top end of the matting strips in a
                               trench 6 inches or more in depth.

                         B.    Tamp the trench full of soil.                            V4.
                               Secure with row of staples,
                               6 inch spacing, 4 inches
                               down from the trench.                        jr.






                          C.   Overlap-bury upper end of lower
                               strip as in 'A'and '13'. Overlap                        i                       j" -
                               end of top strip 4 inches and
                               staple.
                                                                                                                  4 inch
                                                        4,
                                                                                                              overlap of
                                                                                                          matting strips
                                                    Ir- J.
                                                                                                          where two or
                                                                                                             more strip
                                                             .7                                                 dths are
                                                                                                                required.
                                                                                                             Staples on
                                                                                                                 18 inch
                           D.   Erosion stop -  Fold of
                                                                                                                 centers
                                matting buried in
                                slit trench and
                                tamped; double
                                                                                                       Staple outside
                                row of staple5.
                                                                                                         edge on 2'
                                          A.-
                                                                                                          centers.
                                      AA
                                               jr-
                                                                              A- -r.@



                                                I$
                                                                                    r
                                                                        .7.7.7.7
                                                                  A-

                                                                                                TYPICAL STAPLES
                                      X
                                            %                                                    No. 11 Gauge Wire
                                         A;
                                       %




                                     I %



                                                                                                          1/2
                                                                                                              1112









                                                                     12









                                           Rock Filter Details


             PLAN VIEW                                         B

                                                                   T T T- --T

                              FLOW           A







                                                               B


                                          TYPICAL SECTION A-A


                                   TOP OF BANK


                                                                          1/2 D


                                                     2         2
                                                   1             1        1/2 D
                                INVERT                     "KAUMMUM

                             AASHTO #67 ROCK                R2 ROCK
                                                                            D   Depth of water at channel
                                                                                capacity.
                                                                            D  1.5 feet

                                           TYPICAL SECTION 13-13




                                                         6of





                     DESIGN:
                     (1) Rock filters will be constructed with AASHTO Number 67 and R-4 rock as
                         specified in Sections 703.2 and 850.2 of PennDOT's Publication 408.
                     (2) Free standing rock channel filters will be constructed to the dimensions
                         shown above.


                     MAINTENANCE:
                     (1) Rock filters will be removed when clogged with sediments. Materials must
                         be washed completely free of foreign materials or new rock used to rebuild
                         the filter.
                     (2) Accumulated sediment should be removed after each rainfall event.

                     RESTRICTIONS:
                                                     2
                                               IZ@
                                                   Jr Poe
                                                          I



























                     (1) Not for use in natural drainageways or steams.
                     (2) Use only in vegetated channels constructed as part of the project until the
                         channel has stabilized.




                                                         13







                                             EMBANKMENT SEDIMENT TRAP

                    PROJECT NAME:              SAMPLE TRAP
                           LOCATION:           Low Hazard Erosion & Sediment Control Guide
                      PREPARED BY:                                             DATE:                               SHEET# OF
                       CHECKED BY:                                             DATE:


                                                   5ft
                                    (F)                                                 ELV. @ 2000 CF/AC
                                          (M)                                  9 B ELV. @ CLEAN OUT
                               AASHTO, #1

                                                                                   FILTER FABRIC
                  AASHTO #1 -Min. Size               (6") THICK
                                                  AASHTO #57
                                                     Max. Size                                              Required
                                                                                                            Minimums


                                                                               C)
                                              144                              A-
                                                                               (ift)

                                                                                          AASH 0 #57               0 CLEAN OUT


                                                                                        FILTER FABRIC
                                 TRAP NO.:          A                                                   NOTE: Show all details and construction
                                    DRAINAGE AREA:                   1           ACRES ( 5 ac. max.)            dimensions on plan drawings.
                                    REO'D. CAPACITY:               2,000       - CUBIC FEET ( 2000 cf x # ac.
                                    AVERAGE WIDTH:                   20           FEET
                                 AVERAGE LENGTH:                     40        - FEET ( 10 ft. min.
                                 LENGTH TO WIDTH:                   2:1          RATIO ( 2:1 min.
                                 AVERAGE DEPTH                       2.5       - FEET ( 2 ft. min. ave. depth req'd.
                                 ACTUAL CAPACITY             A:           2,179         CUBIC FEET ( cap. at point A
                                    CLEAN OUT ELEV.          B:         1 foot          FEET     700 cf x # ac.
                                    SPILLWAY WIDTH           C:            6            FEET     2 x # ac.)
                                    SPILLWAY HEIGHT          D:           2.5           FEET     4 feet max.
                                 INSIDE SPILLWAY SIDE SLOPES                    vert = 1      Hor. = E: 2 (1:2 min)
                                 OUTSIDE SPILLWAY SIDE SLOPES vert = 1                        Hor. = E: 2 (1:2 min)
                                    EMBANK. HEIGHT G:                   3.5     - ( 5 feet max)


                  ELEV.                AVE.AREA                                VOLUME                       CUMULATIVE VOLUME

                 0                  16 x 36      576 S.f.

                                                                                688 c.f.                               688 c.f.

                 1                  20 x 40      800 S.f.

                                                                                928 c.f.                             1,616 0.

                 2                  24 x 44     1,056 S-f

                                                                                563 0.                               2,179 0.

                 3  2.5             26 x 46    1,196 s.f.



                 4





                                                                               14













                                     EMBANKMENT SEDIMENT TRAP



                   INSTALLATION:
                   (1)  A trap should be installed in a location which captures the majority of the disturbed
                        area naturally.

                   (2)  Traps must be able to de-water at least down to the clean out elevation.

                   (3)  Stone outlets must have a top width of greater than 5 feet and side slopes to match
                        earthen berm.

                   (4)  Geo-textile should only be placed as illustrated in detail


                   MAINTENANCE:
                   (1)  Sediment should be removed from trap when sediment accumulates to the clean-
                        out level at a point halfway between the inflow of sediment laden run-off and the
                        outlet.

                   (2)  A clean out stake should be placed at the location noted in item (1) with the clean
                        out elevation marked.

                   (3)  The filter fabric on the outlet should be cleaned after each rainfall event.

                   (4)  If the stone filter should become clogged it should be replaced.


                   RESTRICTIONS:
                   (1)  Maximum drainage area to a sediment trap is 5 acres.

                   (2)  Drainage areas include both disturbed and undisturbed areas.

                   (3)  If a trap can not outlet to a natural waterway the outlet width should be 6 feet per
                        acre. Traps should only outlet to areas which are stable.

                   (4)  Outlet traps only where they will not cause erosion or property damage.


                   DESIGN:
                        The design detail is included with a sample worksheet. The trap sample dimensions
                   should be suitable for most projects using this guide if the drainage area is one acre or
                   less. Use the worksheet - Appendix A - to alter the design for your sediment trap if
                   conditions require.











                                                              15






                                     (Please make a copy for your use on site.)


               EROSION AND SEDIMENT CONTROL PLAN
               DEVELOPMENT GUIDE           ..........................................   NARRATIVE

               1.   Name of Responsible Individual:

                    Address:                                                P.O.:

                    Phone Number:                                          Zip Code:

               2.   Project is Located in what Municipality:

               3.   Has the municipality been contacted:

               4.   Tax parcel # for project site:

               5.   New home construction projects on lots purchased from a larger development,
                    should locate a copy of the erosion and sediment control plan for the development. If
                    applicable please give name of development, and list any special requirements:





               6.   Attach a copy of a general location map, and give written directions for locating the
                    project site in the space below:






               1.   GENERAL INFORMATION ON PROJECT

                    A. Briefly describe your project and extent of earthmoving:





                    C. Estimate dates for project start up and completion:

                       START:                                     END:

                    D. Give the name of the nearest named receiving stream:



                    E. Have Wetlands been deliniated:
                       If no check justification

                                Hydric Soils, or possible wetlands are avoided

                                Wetlands do not exist


                                Other:






                                                         16











                       F. Soils information for the project must be provided:

                           (1) Soil Type                    (2) Is the Soil                 (3) Other
                                                                Hydric?                         Limitations







                            List soil symbol ex: (GeA2) for U.S.D.A. - Soil Survev

                       (2) - Hydric Soil lists are available from the Conservation District Office.

                  11.  STORMWATER RUNOFF AND DRAINAGE

                       A. Are steep slopes in excess of 10% apart of your project, or are the immediate
                           surrounding areas    ...................................................            -
                       B. Offsite run-off onto your project must be controlled. Does off-site drainage
                           exist ...............................................................
                       C. Will your project increase run-off velocities or channelize stormwater run-off

                       *Note: All yes answers to the above questions must be addressed in your erosion and
                                 sediment control plan with appropriate controls.

                 111.  SEQUENCE OF CONSTRUCTION

                            In order for an erosion and sediment control plan to be effective all phases of
                       construction must take place in an orderly sequence. Every effort should be made to
                       minimize the amount of earth to be distributed, and limit the time disturbed earth is exposed
                       to the forces of erosion. The first step in nearly all projects would be the installation of
                       sediment barriers or trap below the project, and installation of any needed practices to
                       handle run-off onto the project. The sequence should then describe the various
                       construction steps necessary to complete the project, and end with the removal of all
                       temporary controls after final stabilization is complete. Please use the space below and label
                       each step in numerical order.


















                                                                   17













                 IV. TEMPORARY CONTROLS

                            This section is needed to detail any/all temporary erosion control practices that will be
                       implemented. List each control separately, explain why it is needed, and when it can safely
                       be removed. Drawings and designs for any practice not illustrated in this manual should be
                       attached and referenced in this section.

                       A.  Check if applicable

                                     Straw Bale Barrier                               Sediment Trap
                                     Filter Fabric                                    Rock Const. entrance
                                     Temporary Swale                                  Temporary Seeding
                                     Rock Filters                                     Other


                           List Other Controls:

                       B. Check if applicable

                                     All items check above will be to the specifications of this guide.

                                     Alternative controls and/or specifications are proposed and will be
                                    attached.

                  V.   PERMANENT CONTROLS

                            Prior to completion of the project state law requires that steps be taken to provide
                       permanent stabilization. All disturbed areas must be protected to prevent accelerated
                       erosion. In other words soil can not be left exposed. Re-established vegetation, rip-rap, and
                       pavement, etc. are examples of permanent controls. Re-vegetating an area descriptions
                       should include the seeding mixture to be used, top soil applications, lime, and fertilizer
                       instructions.


                       A. Check if applicable

                                     Permanent Vegetation will be established per the recommendations of this
                                    guide

                                     Alternative specifications have been developed for re-vegetation and are
                                    set forth on appendix B.

                  V1. MAINTENANCE PROGRAM

                            All erosion control practices require maintenance to function properly. Specific
                       requirements for maintenance are described on the design detail sheets. Please note the
                       following required maintenance procedures and check other applicable procedures for
                       control measures you will be using:









                                                                    18











                   VI. Maintenance       ........... continued

                  Required             Until the site is stabilized, all erosion and sedimentation controls must be
                                       maintained properly. Maintenance must include inspections of all erosion
                                       sedimentation controls after each storm event and or a weekly basis. All
                                       preventative and remedial maintenance work, including clean out, repair,
                                       replacement, remulching, and renetting, must be performed immediately.
                  Required             Should any measures contained within this plan prove incapable of
                                       adequately removing sediment from on-site flows prior to discharge or of
                                       stabilizing the surfaces involved, additional measures must be immediately
                                       implemented by the property owner to eliminate all such problems.

                  Required             After final site stabilization has been achieved, temporary erosion and
                                       sedimentation controls must be removed. Areas disturbed during removal of
                                       the controls must be stabilized.

                  (Check if Applicable)

                                       Sediment must be removed where accumulations reach 1/2 the above ground
                                       height of silt fencing.

                                       Sediment must be removed where accumulations reach 1/3 the above ground
                                       height of straw bale dikes.

                                       Stormwater inlets must be protected until the tributary areas are stabilized,
                                       and control measures maintained after each storm event.

                                       Sediment must be removed from traps when storage capacities are reduced
                                       to 1300 cubic feet per tributary acre.

                                       Sediment traps must be protected from unauthorized acts of third parties.

                  Other:





                  VII. EROSION CONTROL PLAN - DRAWING

                             A plan drawing illustrating your erosion control plan is required. A blank plan has been
                        included to assist you in this effort. A sample plan using this sheet has been included in
                        appendix C. If a blueprint plan is available for your lot use it to develop your plan of inlieu of
                        the attached blank plan.












                                                                   19



                                                                                             APPENDIX A


                                      EMBANKMENT SEDIMENT TRAP

                PROJECT NAME:
                      LOCATION:

                   PREPARED BY:                                   DATE:                          SHEET# OF
                    CHECKED BY:                                   DATE:


                                          5ft
                                                                    A, ELV. @ 2000 CF/AC
                             (F)
                                    (M)                                    ELV. @ CLEAN OUT
                          AASHTO #1
               AASHTO #1 -Min. Size         (6") THICK                FILTER FABRIC
                                           AASHTO #57
                                            Max. Size                                      Required
                                                                                           Minimums


                                                                  C

                                                                  (ift)
                                                                            AASH 0 #57 1          0 CLEAN OUT
                                                                                      Z       F
                                                                       V FILTER FABRIC
                             TRAP NO.:                                                   NOTE: Show all details and construction
                                                                                                dimensions on plan drawings.
                              DRAINAGE AREA:                         ACRES ( 5 ac. max. )
                             REO'D. CAPACITY:                        CUBIC FEET ( 2000 cf x # ac.
                              AVERAGE WIDTH:                          FEET
                             AVERAGE LENGTH:                         FEET ( 10 ft. min.
                             LENGTH TO WIDTH:                        RATIO ( 2:1 min.
                             AVERAGE DEPTH :                         FEET ( 2 ft. min. ave. depth req'd.

                             ACTUAL CAPACITY         A:                    CUBIC FEET ( cap. at point A
                              CLEAN OUT ELEV.        B:                    FEET    700 cf x # ac.
                              SPILLWAY WIDTH         C:                    FEET    2 x # ac.)
                             SPILLWAY HEIGHT         D:                    FEET    4 feet max.
                             INSIDE SPILLWAY SIDE SLOPES            vert = I    Hor. = E: - (1:2 min)
                             OUTSIDE SPILLWAY SIDE SLOPES vert = 1              Hor. = E: - (1:2 min)
                              EMBANK. HEIGHT G:                            ( 5 feet max)


                ELEV.             AVE.AREA                          VOLUME                  CUMULATIVE VOLUME

               0



               1



               2



               3
                                                                      B                       T








































               14        1




                                                                  21



                                                                               APPENDIX B




            EIROSION AND SEDIMENTATION CONTROL PLAN


                                          STANDARD WORKSHEET #8
                         TEMPORARY AND PERMANENT SEEDING SPECIFICATIONS



               PROJECT NAME:
                     LOCATION:

                PREPARED BY:                            DATE:                    SHEET# OF
                 CHECKED BY:                            DATE:



            SPECIFICATIONS: The Department recommends the use of the Penn State Agronomy Guide
            as the standard to use for the selection of species, seed specifications, mixtures, liming and
            fertilizing, time of seeding and seeding methods. Specification for these items may also be obtained
            from PennDOT's publication #408, Section 800 or by contacting the applicable county
            conservation district. Upon selection of a reference, orlby individual development by the plan
            preparer, the following Specification will exist for this project:

            SOURCE OF SPECIFICATIONS:

                               (TEMPORARY)         SPECIES':
                                        % PURE LIVE SEED:                                          %
                                       APPLICATION RATE:                                 LBS./ACRE
                                          FERTILIZER TYPE:                                    (X-X-X)
                                   FERTILIZER APPL. RATE:                                LBSJACRE
                                              LIMING RATE:                               LBSJACRE
                                FINAL DATE FOR SEEDING:


                                (PERMANENT)         SPECIES-
                                         % PURE LIVE SEED:                                         %
                                        APPLICATION RATE:                                LBSJACRE
                                          FERTILIZER TYPE:                                    (X-X-X)
                                   FERTILIZER APPL. RATE:                                LBSJACRE
                                               LIMING RATE:                              LBSJACRE
                                FINAL DATE FOR SEEDING:


             If more than one species is used, indicate application rate for each species.













                                                       22



                                                                                   Itrosion                        bedi-ment UontroA rian












































                                                                         LEGEND AND SYMBOLS:
                                   Landscape Features                                  Conservation
                                   Live Stream           ---------------               Diversion Ditch                                           PROJECT:
                                   SwaleorWaterway                                     Sediment Trap                                             DEVELOPED BY:
                                                                                       Riprap or Rocklined                                                                           APPROX.
                                   Slope or Grade                                                                                                DATE:                               SCALE:
                                   Project Boundary                                    Energy Dissipater
                                   Earthmoving area                                    STRAW BALE BARRI
                                                                                                            ER              DEE=
                                                                                       FABRIC FENCE                                 a (9



                                                                         Erosion & Sediment Control Plan


                                                                                                       1W
                                                                                             JL 7.4
                                                                                                  - .  ---.Z                                0
                                  1.4

                          I AF
                                                                   -air



                                                                                                                               Ilk
                                                                                                            x,
                                                                                                                           L
                                                                                                                                10e,




                                                                                                                                       I   I    I    A %141

                                                                         A
                                                                                                 V/
                                                                                                                                                                                    S'

                            dlL-
                                                                                                                                                                                                    7
                                                                              Ll      i   I    I
                                                                                      777;
                                                            J
                                              000,


                                                                                                                                                        r





                                                                LEGEND AND SYMBOLS:
                           Landscape Features                                 Conservation                                           PROJECT:       Sil7gle Fomily Home
                           Live Stream                                        Diversion Ditch                                                              V    -
                           Swale or Waterway                                  Sediment Trap                                         DEVELOPED BY: -John BUIdder-
                                                                        C



















                                                                                                                                                                                                              N
                           Slope or Grade                                     Riprap or Rocklined    M141y,                                                            APPROX.                I                          x
                                                                                                                                    DATE: 7/'Qo/ 9 a SCALE: I"=.
                           Project Boundary                                   Energy Dissipater                                                                                                                          0
                                                                              STRAW BALE BARRIER
                           Earthmoving area
                                                                              FABRIC FENCE



                                                                                                                       NOAA COASTAL SERVICES CTR LIBRARY



                                                                                                                       3 6668 14111916 6