    [From the U.S. Government Printing Office, www.gpo.gov]

                                                                                                                                                                                        NIPS. 01 - 23

                                                                                                              EROSION AND
                                                                                                              SEDIMENTATION
                                           Cheater                                                            POLLUTION CONTROL
                                                                                                              PLAN GUIDE FOR
                                                                                                              SMALL PROJECTS

                                                                                          Erosion & Sediment Control Plan

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                                                                                                         1995

                                                                         A Publication of the Southeast Pennsylvania

                                                                                Association of Conservation Districts

                                  SOUTHEAST PENNSYLVANIA
                                               ASSOCIATION
                               OF CONSERVATION DISTRICTS

                John Thomas, Manager                                     Ed Magargee, Manager
                Bucks Co. C.D.                                           Delaware Co. C.D.
                924 Town Center                                          Rose Tree Park - Hunt Club
                New Britain, PA 18901-5182                               1521 N. Providence Rd.
                (215)345-7577                                            Media, PA 19063
                                                                         (610)892-9484

                Dan Greig, Manager                                       Rich Kadwill, Manager
                Chester Co. C.D.                                         Montgomery Co. C.D.
                Gov't Service Center                                     1015 Bridge St.,Suite B
                601 Westtown Road, Suite 395                             Collegeville, PA 19426
                West Chester, PA 19382-4519                              (610)489-4506
                (610)696-5126

                Project Coordinated by: Ed Maaaraee

                                                   OCTOBER 1995

                PIROJECT FUNDING STATEMENT
                       This project we originally funded in part by a $2,000.00 grant from the PA Department of
                Environmental Resources in 1992. The Bureau of land and Water Conservation approved the project
                to be funded with money collected from fines and penalties deposited in the PA Clean Water Fund.
                       The 1995 Update was financed in part through a Federal Coastal Zone Management Grant
                from the PA Department of Environmental Protection (fon-nerly the Department of Environmental
                Resources), with funds provided by NOAA. The views expressed herein are those of the author(s) and
                do not necessarily reflect the views of NOAA or any of its subagencies.

                                                    TABLE OF CONTENTS

                      INTRODUCTION            ..........................................................................................................1

                      CHAPTER 102 - EROSION CONTROL REGULATIONS                                    ...........................................1

                      GENERAL FACTORS TO BE CONSIDERED IN
                      DEVELOPING A PLAN                .................................................................................................2

                      VEGETATION TO CONTROL EROSION                          ......................................................................2

                      ABOVE SITE DRAINAGE                 .............................................................................................5

                      EROSION & SEDIMENT CONTROL PRACTICES                               .......................................................5

                      EROSION & SEDIMENT CONTROL PLAN
                      NARRATIVE         ................................................................................................................ 16

                      EROSION & SEDIMENT CONTROL PLAN
                      DESIGN & LAYOUT SHEET                  ...................................................................................... 19

                      APPENDIX        .................................................................................................................. 21

                                         WARNING

                                              This guide is for use on low hazard projects which we
                                         have defined as follows:
                                         1.   Disturbs less than one acre of earth.
                                         2.   Slopes must not exceed 8% within the disturbed area.
                                         3.   Maximum off-site drainage to be diverted cannot exceed
                                              five acres.
                                         4.   For projects within special protection watersheds, consult
                                              your local Conservation District for additional guidance.
                                              The Conservation District reserves the right to determine
                                         whether or not this guide is acceptable.

                                                            INTRODUCTION

                            This document was designed to assist in the development of Erosion and Sediment Pollution
                       Control Plans for projects which disturb less than 1 acre, and are "low hazard" involving minimal
                       disturbance of gently sloping areas. Existing erosion and sediment control publications
                       concentrate on the larger complex projects. The material addressed in these publications is often
                       understandable only by qualified professionals. To determine the essential requirements for a
                       small project is nearly impossible. The existing manuals do not attempt to make a distinction
                       between multi-million dollar projects, and the single lot improvement project.
                            Your local Conservation District would like to clear up this confusion, and simplify the erosion
                       and sediment pollution control planning process. Our intent is to take a step by step outlined
                       approach to the development of an erosion and sediment pollution control plan.
                            If erosion control plans are required by a local municipality for your project this manual may
                       not be sufficient. Local regulation can require more stringent controls and procedures than those
                       proposed by the manual. Erosion and Sediment Control Plans for small projects properly prepared
                       with the assistance of this manual will satisfy the requirements of Chapter 102 pertaining to plan
                       development and content. The local Conservation District reserves the right to determine
                       whether or not this manual can be used due to the objective nature of the term "Low Hazard."
                            Please be aware that other federal, state, and local permits maybe required. To check on
                       possible permit requirements contact The Department of Environmental Protection7s Regional
                       Office in Conshohocken. Please look in the Blue Pages under State Government for the current
                       phone number. Also contact the local municipality in which the construction is to take place to
                       check on their requirements.

                            CHAPTER 102 - EROSION CONTROL REGULATIONS

                            The reason for Chapter 102 - "Erosion Control Regulations" is to implement the intent of the
                       Clean Streams Law of Pennsylvania. The Clean Streams Law prohibits the discharge into the
                       waters of the Commonwealth any substance which creates a nuisance. The law is not this simple
                       and straight forward, but the bottom line is essentially the same. Sediment with its number one
                       rating, by volume, as a pollutant to Pennsylvania's waters is listed as a nuisance.
                            A copy of Chapter 102 is available from your local conservation district. Please consult the
                       latest version of these regulations when preparing your plan if you have questions not covered by
                       this guide. Chapter 102 is a set of rules and regulations administered by the Department of
                       Environmental Protection, Bureau of Land and Water Conservation. The regulations attempt to
                       provide controls to alleviate the sediment pollution problem. Anyone who disturbs vegetation, or
                       exposes the earth's surface to the forces of erosion is subject to these controls. The primary
                       element of Chapter 102 is the Erosion and Sediment Pollution Control Plan. This plan is required to
                       include information on site characteristics, proposed alterations, and a step by step outline on how
                       accelerated erosion and the resulting sedimentation will be controlled throughout the duration of
                       the project.
                            The regulations require that every project which involves disturbing the earth's soil layer
                       develop the type of plan described above. Projects which disturb 25 acres or more, and do not
                       meet several conditions must obtain an Earth Disturbance Permit. Small projects must develop
                       and implement the required erosion and sediment control plan, but no earth disturbance permits
                       or reviews are required by Chapter 102. A small project which fails to produce an erosion and
                       sediment control plan during an official site inspection is subject to the same fines and penalties as a
                       lar.qer permitted site.
                            Local municipalities and the Department of Environmental Protectiods various permitting
                       Bureaus often require an erosion and sediment control plan to be submitted for review by the
                       Conservation District prior to construction. Local municipalities can also have rules and
                       regulations that are more stringent than Chapter 102.
                            Chapter 102 regulations attempt to keep sedimentation from damaging the waters of the
                       Commonwealth. The regulations require an Erosion and Sediment Pollution Control Plan to be
                       developed, implemented, and maintained. The regulations although complex simply attempt to
                       keep erosion and sediment from becoming a nuisance.

                                                                          I

                                  GENERAL FACTORS TO BE CONSIDERED
                                                 IN DEVELOPING A PLAN

                     A. Practice Proper Site Grading - Hold Site Grading to a Minimum

                          The risk of severe erosion increases in relationship to the amount of site alteration. Steeply
                     sloping sites generally will require more grading than gently sloping sites. Excessive cutting and
                     filling may alter the ground water system, open seeps or expose unstable soils. Improperly
                     compacted fills may also be extremely erosive.
                          All of the topsoil from areas where cuts and fills have been made should be stockpiled and
                     redistributed uniformly after grading. This is the key to revegetating the site.

                     B. Save Existing Vegetation, Especially Trees

                          Vegetative Cover is the best soil protection against erosion. A good sod can be up to 98%
                     effective in controlling erosion. Vegetation to be saved should be protected during the
                     construction process. Trees and shrubs that are to be saved should be marked and roped off along
                     the entire drip line, (area under the crown of the tree.) This procedure protects the plants from
                     damage by construction equipment. Filling around trees should be avoided. Advice on how to best
                     protect trees is available from D.C.N.R., Bureau of Forestry.

                     C. Minimize the Area and Time of Exposure

                          It is risky to remove all the vegetation and topsoil from areas, but sometimes it cannot be
                     avoided. When this happens, plan the construction sequence to keep the size and time of
                     exposure to a minimum. Stabilize all areas as soon as you can. Applying a stone base to your
                     access or driveway the same day it is cut in is an exellent example.

                     D. Timing of Your Project

                          Always try to schedule earthmoving activities during the growing season. Permanent seedings
                     become established best when planted in the Spring or early Fall.

                                     VEGETATION TO CONTROL EROSION

                          The use of vegetation to control erosion and sedimention should be given primary
                     consideration when developing your E&S control plan. Areas of moderate slopes and fertile soil
                     can be easily stabilized by using plants and cultural methods common in the region. Establishing
                     heavy plant cover on moderate slopes will usually protect the site from erosion. During land use
                     changes a temporary cover of annual vegetation is sufficient and at the completion of the change
                     more permanent cover crops should be used. Adequate soil cover for soil stabilization is when
                     vegetation covers 709/o of each square yard.
                          Sites that have exposed subsoil, steep slopes, shallow depth to bedrock, droughty conditions
                     or other limiting properties require additional treatment. Such sites demand special attention be
                     given to seedbed preparation, adjusted fertility levels, supplemental irrigation, adapted seedlings
                     or plantings and site protection until the vegetative cover is established. More emphasis must be
                     placed on the stabilization of critical areas because they erode severely and are the source of much
                     sediment.
                          Since vegetation is considered the most effective and practical erosion control practice it is
                     recommended that you consult the Penn State Agronomy Guide. The information contained in
                     this publication stems from current research and development of erosion control plantings.
                     Information from selecting good quality seed to maintaining established areas is well presented,
                     and will be a valuable asset to your erosion control plan design efforts. The proper seed mixtures
                     can be obtained from building supply stores, farm product stores, or even ordered from seed

                                                                      2

                       catalogs. Local Hardware stores sell seed mixtures which can be combined with another mixture
                       to obtain the recommended amounts. Included in this guide are seeding mixtures and preparations
                       for standard sites. This information if used will provide adequate stabilization on sites which do not
                       have any special problems.

                                     RECOMMENDATIONS FOR REVEGETATION

                        A. LIME - AGRICULTURAL GRADE LIMESTONE
                             Adding lime to the soil is vital to your revegetation efforts. The majority of disturbed sites are
                        acid and infertile. Acid precipitation complicates this pH problem. A soil test from a reptutable
                        laboratory is recommended. If soil test results are not available apply lime at the following rates:
                        I Lime                               4 tons per acre                        190 lbs. per 1000 s.f.

                        B. FERTILIZER - COMMERCIAL TYPE 10-20-20
                             The need for fertilizer can not be underestimated. Fertilizer will greatly increase the growth of
                        both the plant and its roots. Once again a soil test is the preferred alternative. If soil test results are
                        not available apply fertilizer as follows:
                        I Fertilizer                        930 lbs. per acre                         25 lbs. per 1000 s.f.

                        C. MULCH - HAY OR STRAW
                             All areas which are seeded with either temporary or permanent seed mixtures should be
                        mulched. Mulch is a loose layer 3/4" to 1" deep of Hay or Straw. Mulch reduces soil erosion, aids
                        seed germination, and conserves moisture. Hay or straw should not be chopped or finely broken
                        during application. Mulch should be applied as follows:
                        I Mulch                              3 tons per acre                        140 lbs. per 1000 s.f.

                        D. SEEDED PREPARATION AND SEEDING METHODS
                             Prior to seeding, apply the recommended amount of limestone and work as deeply as possible
                        into the soil. At seeding time work recommended fertilizer as deep as possible into the soil. Seed at
                        the recommended rates and follow with an adequate layer of mulch.
                             Seed can be applied to disturbed areas in many ways. Broadcast seeding by either hand or
                        spreader, drill, and hydroseeding are some examples. Hydroseeding is a common practice on
                        Construction Sites. The lime, fertilizer, and seed mixture is added at one time. Warning: To
                        achieve adequate revegetation the seedbed still must be properly graded and tilled. Wood
                        Cellulose a paper-like product is often substituted for mulch. The rate of application should be 320
                        lbs. per 1,000 square yards. This is not the preferred alternative. Wood Cellulose is better applied
                        at a rate of 160 lbs. per 1,000 square yards as a tack coat to hold straw or hay mulch in place.
                             If temporary seeding is necessary divide the fertilizer and lime recommendations. Apply the
                        following as part of the temporary seeding:

                          Lime                                1 ton per acre                          50 lbs. per 1000 s.f.
                          Fertilizer                        150 lbs. per acre                           5 lbs. per 1000 s.f.

                            Then apply the remainder of the recommended rates during the final seeding process.

                                                                            3

                      E. TEMPORARY SEED MIXTURE

                          Annual Ryegrass is a quick germinating species of grass which can be seeded at almost
                      anytime. If you plan to leave your project disturbed and inactive for 20 days or more a temporary
                      seeding should be applied immediately. If your site is going to remain inactive for 6 months or more,
                      however a permanent seeding is necessary.

                        Annual Ryegrass                           40 lbs. per acre              1 lbs. per 1000 s.f.

                      F. PERMANENT SEED MIXTURES

                          Establishing a permanent vegetative cover is the final step to effective erosion and sediment
                      pollution control. It is recommended that the Penn State Agronomy Guide be consulted. To make
                      this guide comprehensive we have selected a few mixtures which will meet the requirements of
                      Chapter 102 - Erosion Control.

                                                       Lawn and Mowed Areas

                        A. Kentucky Bluegrass                      30 lbs. per acre              12 oz. per 1,000 s.f.
                           Redtop                                  3 lbs. per acre                2 oz. per 1,000 s.f.
                           Perennial Ryegrass                      20 lbs. per acre               8 oz. per 1,000 s.f.

                            *TOTAL SEEDING                         53 lbs. per acre              22 oz. per 1,000 s.f.

                                                                           or

                        B. Penniawn-Fine Fescue                    40 lbs. per acre              16 oz. per 1,000 s.f.
                           Redtop                                  3 lbs. per acre                2 oz. per 1,000 s.f.
                           Perennial Ryegrass                      20 lbs. per acre               8 oz. per 1,000 s.f.

                             *TOTAL SEEDING                        63 lbs. per acre              26 oz. per 1,000 s.f.

                                                      Slopes or Un-Mowed Areas

                        **Crownvetch                               25 lbs. per acre              10 oz. per 1,000 s.f.
                        Perennial Ryegrass                         25 lbs. per acre              10 oz. per 1,000 s.f.

                          *TOTAL SEEDING                           50 lbs. per acre              20 oz. per 1,000 s.f.

                        All mixtures given above are for PLS - Pure Live Seed 100%. To calculate PLS, the percentage of
                      pure seed is multiplied by the percentage of germination, and the product is divided by 100.(85%
                      Pure Seed x 72% germination) divided by = 61% PLS. To determine how much seed to plant, divide
                      the percentage into 100. Example: 100 Divided by 61 = 1.63. Thus, every pound of seed mixture
                      called for should then be 1.63 lbs.
                      ** - Crownvetch is a Legume and will require an inoculant.
                      Please contact your seed supplier for specific directions on appling the required inoculant.

                      G. TIME OF SEEDING - Permanent

                           For best results, grass and legume seedings should be made in the Spring; however, with
                      proper establishment techniques, disturbed sites can be seeded almost anytime from spring to fall.
                      A general rule is as follows:
                           (1) Legume seedings need a growing period of at least 10 to 12 weeks prior to hard frosts.
                           (2) Grasses generally require at least 4 to 6 weeks of growth prior to hard frosts.

                                                                       4

                                                   ABOVE SITE DRAINAGE

                           It is important to consider the possible problems that can be created by run-off from above
                      your project. Run-off should be diverted safely around any disturbed areas, or be slowed and
                      carefully directed through the area of disturbance. Unprotected soil erodes severely when
                      exposed to concentrated run-off.

                           In order to evaluate the issue purchasing a topographic map of your area may prove
                      beneficial. Topographic maps are available from the U.S. Geological Survey, Map Sales, Federal
                      Center, Box 25286, Denver, CO 80225. Small projects can often be observed in the field. Check for
                      existing signs of erosion within the project area. Look for concentrated run-off sources such as
                      downspouts from roof gutters, swale outlets, and springs.

                           Methods to divert the run-off will be listed in the Control Practice section. Keeping clean run-
                      off from picking up sediment from your project will be very beneficial.

                                               E & S CONTROL PRACTICES

                           This next section is devoted strictly to providing the erosion and sediment control plan
                      designer with standards and specifications, for the most frequently used control practices. A few of
                      the following designs call for specific engineering calculations. If the practice is intended to be left in
                      place for a permanent control structure the Conservation District highly recommends seeking
                      professional assistance. Since this manual is intended only for "Low Hazard" sites, however, the
                      majority of the necessary controls can be designed with the following sheets as guidelines.
                           The design specifications were developed from the requirements presented in the "Erosion
                      and Sediment Pollution Control Program Manual of April 1990" by the Bureau of Land and Water
                      Conservation of the Department of Environmental Protection -
                           These controls are not the only controls which can be utilized. If you design controls other
                      than those included in this manual simply include a design sketch with your erosion and sediment
                      control plan. Soil information is presented in the County Soil Survey available from your local
                      Conservation District Office.

                                                                       5

                                             Filter Fabrics Fence Installation Details

                    *Wood or Steel
                     Support Stake                            Fence                                          STANDARD SECTION
                                                              Compacted Backfill                                   18" FENCE HEIGHT
                                                                                    Ground

                                 Existing
                                                          6"
                                                          -Toe Anchor Trench
                                             12;; -
                                               L
                                                     6"
                                                   V               Use 2" x 2" Wood Stakes (Min)
                                                                   or Steel Stake of equal strength

                                    *SPACING OF SUPPORT STAKES @ 8' MAX.
                                                                                                    Reinforcing Mesh**

                                                                *Wood or Steel                                        3
                                                                 Support Stake                       Fabric               I         Min. 10 Ga Wire
                     REINFORCED SECTION                         SEE CUTAWAY VIEW                     Compacted Backfill                    GROUND
                           30" FENCE HEIGHT
                                                                      E)(ISTING
                                                                                                    6"                                    1"x1"x12"
                                                                                                          TOE ANCHOR TRENCH                 Stakes

                                                Reinforcement
                                                     Mesh

                                                                             **MESH:       Either Industrial Polypropolene
                                                                                           or Steel mesh w/Max 6"
                                                                                           Opening = 1" - Min. 14 Ga.

                                                                  Fabric        SPACING OF SUPPORT STAKES
                                                     Cutaway View              @ 8" MAX.

                                                 TABLE 5.2 Maximum Slope Lengths for Filter Fabric Fences
                                                                           Maximum Slope Length (ft) Above Fences
                                                   Slope - Percent             18" High Fence         30" High Fence
                                                           2  (or less)               250                     500
                                                           5                          100                     250
                                                          10                           50                     150
                                                          15                           35                     100
                                                          20                           25                      70
                                                          25                           20                      55
                                                          30                           15                      45
                                                          35                           15                      40
                                                          40                           15                      35
                                                          45                           10           1          30
                                                          50                           10.          1          25
                              Slope - Percent: A 2% slope would equal a two foot vertical drop in 100 feet of
                                                          Fence,
                                                              Compacted Backfill
                                                                                    Grou"

                                                                                         12"
                                                                                                6'

                                                                  Fab

                              horizontal distance.

                              (Slope Length is calculated based on drainage area; multiple rows of silt fence is not
                              acceptable.)

                                                                                   6

                                FILTER FABRIC FENCE
                                     (SILT FENCE)

                INSTALLATION:
                (1) A trench will be plowed or otherwise excavated to the required depth with little, if
                   any, disturbance to the clownslope side of the trench. The bottom of the trench
                   and the fence top will be placed at level grade.
                (2) Support stakes will be driven to the 12" minimum depth below the existing ground
                   surface, at 8' maximum intervals.
                (3) Stretch and fasten fabric to the upslope side of the support stakes (if a reinforced
                   section, fasten reinforcement mesh prior to fastening the fabric).
                (4) Where ends of fabric come together, they will be overlapped, folded and stapled to
                   prevent sediment bypass.
                (5) The toe anchor will be backfilled and compacted to a density equal to surrounding
                   soils.
                (6) If constructing a reinforced section, attach guy wires to support stakes. Provisions
                   should be made for easy loosening and removal of guy wires to allow for access to
                   perform maintenance work.

                MAINTENANCE:
                (1) The fence installation should be inspected after every precipitation event and
                   weekly. Any necessary repairs will be made immediately.
                (2) Accumulated sediments will be removed as required to keep the fence functional.
                   In ail cases remove deposits where accumulations reach 1/2 the above ground
                   height of the fence.
                (3) All undercutting or erosion of the toe anchor will be repaired immediately with
                   compacted backfill materials.

                RESTRICTIONS:
                (1) The formation of concentrated flows on the drainage slope above a filter fabric
                   fence installation is not permitted. If concentrated flows do occur, direct slope
                   stabilization measures must be employed to prevent such conditions.
                (2) Filter fabric fences will not be placed in any area of concentrated flows such as
                   ditches, swales, channels, etc.
                (3) Filter fabric fences will not be used in areas where rock or rocky soils prevent the
                   full and uniform anchoring of the fence toe.
                (4) Filter fabric material will not be placed across the entrance to pipes or culverts and
                   will not be wrapped around the principal spillway structures of sediment traps or
                   basins.

                                           40

                                 419

                             ILLUSTRATION

                                            7

                                                                       Straw Bale Barrier

                 1. Excavate the Trench.               2. Place and Stake Straw Bales.       3. Wedge Loose Straw Between           4. Backlill and Compact the
                                                                                                Bales.                                  Excavated Soil. (Anchor Toe)

                                                                                                                     A@ -

                                                      4

                                                       Widt

                                                                                                     2"x 2"x 36" Stakes

                                                                                                            Staked and Entrenched
                                                     Binding Wire                                           Straw Bale
                                                     or Twine
                                                                                                                          ompacted Soil to
                                                       Filtered Runoff                                                  Prevent Piping (Anchor toe)
                                                                                                                            Sediment Laden
                                                                                                                            Runoff

                                                    in

                                                                   18"

                                    INSTALLATION:
                                    (1)    The anchoring trench will be constructed to the required grade and depth
                                           shown.
                                    (2)    Support stakes will be driven to the 18" minimum depth.
                                    (3)    The anchoring trench will be backfilled and compacted to a density equal to
                                           undisturbed site soils.

                                    MAINTENANCE:
                                    (1)    The barrier will be inspected after every runoff event. Dislodged bales should
                                           be reset, staked and backfilled to the requirements listed under "Installation".
                                           All clogged or inoperative bales will be replaced.
                                    (2)    Accumulated sediments will be removed as required and in all cases where
                                           uniform accumulations reach 1/3 the above ground height of the barrier.
                                    (3)    All undercutting or erosion of the anchor toe will be repaired immediately with
                                           compacted backfill materials.

                                    RESTRICTIONS:
                                    (1) Restrictions are the same as fabric fence.
                                                                    -,N                   r@
                                                                    'Off N,
                                                                                                                                     11 I-dU
                                                                                                                            Zunoff

                                    (2) Slope length limitations are the same as fabric fence.
                                    (3) Straw bale barriers will be replaced every three months or more often if the
                                           bales deteriorate.

                                                                                              8

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                                   TEMPORARY SWALE

                                        21 or FLATTER
                                                       \EXISTING GROUND
                                          C min.

                                          D min LEVEL

                                         CROSS SECTION

                  DIMENSIONS

                   C. Depth 1.5' (includes 1/2' freeboard)
                   D. Bottom width 4'

                                CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATIONS

                    1. All temporary swales shall have uninterrupted positive grade to an outlet.
                    2. Diverted runoff from a disturbed area shall be conveyed to a sediment
                      trapping device.
                    3. Diverted runoff from an undisturbed area shall outlet directly into an
                      undisturbed stabilized area at non-erosive velocity.
                    4. All trees, brush, stumps, obstructions, and other objectionable material shall
                      be removed and disposed of so as not to interfere with the proper
                      functioning of the Swale.
                    5. The swale shall be excavated or shaped to line, grade, and cross section as
                      required to meet the criteria specified herein and be free of bank projections
                      or other irregularities which will impede normal flow.
                    6. Fills shall be compacted by earth moving equipment.
                    7. All earth removed and not needed on construction shall be placed so that it
                      will not interfere with the functioning of the Swale.
                    8. Maximum Drainage area is 5 Acres.
                    9. Maximum Slope of Swale 8.0%.
                    10. Periodic inspections and maintenance must be provided.

                                    Flow Channel Stabilization

                      Channel Grade       Type of Stabilization-

                      0.5- 1.0%           Seed and Straw Mulch
                      1.0%-2.5%            Jute Matting (or equivalent)
                                           with Straw Mulch
                      2.5-8.0%             Sod Lining
                     Requires rock apron outlet (illustrated next page)

                                                10

                                               ROCK APRON OUTLET
                                                       PROTECTION

                                   Y V V, Y Y Y Y Y                                              R-4 Lining

                                       SWALE                        A                    C
                               -A A A,A A A A 24                            2
                                                                            B          4

                            DIMENSIONS

                            A - 12' (Match with grades from outlet of swale)
                            B - 10' Length
                            C -16' Outlet End

                                             CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATIONS

                            1. Rock Aprons are required to reduce the outlet velocity of a swale to 3.0 f.p.s.
                               or less.

                            2. R-4 Rock has a maximum diameter of 12" and a minimum diameter of 3".

                            3. The placement of a layer of geotextile prior to installing the rock lining is
                               recommended.

                            4. Outlets must discharge to a stable non-erosive outlet.
                                                                      @
                                                                                 0

                                                                            2

                          DETAIL FOR STABILIZING WATERWAYS WITH JUTE
                                                  OR EXCELSIOR MATTINGS

                             A.    Bury the top end of the matting strips in a
                                   trench 6 inches or more in depth.

                             B.    Tamp the trench full of soil.                            V4.
                                   Secure with row of staples,
                                   6 inch spacing, 4 inches
                                   down from the trench.                        jr.

                              C.   Overlap-bury upper end of lower
                                   strip as in 'A'and '13'. Overlap                        i                       j" -
                                   end of top strip 4 inches and
                                   staple.
                                                                                                                      4 inch
                                                            4,
                                                                                                                  overlap of
                                                                                                              matting strips
                                                        Ir- J.
                                                                                                              where two or
                                                                                                                 more strip
                                                                 .7                                                 dths are
                                                                                                                    required.
                                                                                                                 Staples on
                                                                                                                     18 inch
                               D.   Erosion stop -  Fold of
                                                                                                                     centers
                                    matting buried in
                                    slit trench and
                                    tamped; double
                                                                                                           Staple outside
                                    row of staple5.
                                                                                                             edge on 2'
                                              A.-
                                                                                                              centers.
                                          AA
                                                   jr-
                                                                                  A- -r.@

                                                    I$
                                                                                        r
                                                                            .7.7.7.7
                                                                      A-

                                                                                                    TYPICAL STAPLES
                                          X
                                                %                                                    No. 11 Gauge Wire
                                             A;
                                           %

                                         I %

                                                                                                              1/2
                                                                                                                  1112

                                                                         12

                                               Rock Filter Details

                 PLAN VIEW                                         B

                                                                       T T T- --T

                                  FLOW           A

                                                                   B

                                              TYPICAL SECTION A-A

                                       TOP OF BANK

                                                                              1/2 D

                                                         2         2
                                                       1             1        1/2 D
                                    INVERT                     "KAUMMUM

                                 AASHTO #67 ROCK                R2 ROCK
                                                                                D   Depth of water at channel
                                                                                    capacity.
                                                                                D  1.5 feet

                                               TYPICAL SECTION 13-13

                                                             6of

                         DESIGN:
                         (1) Rock filters will be constructed with AASHTO Number 67 and R-4 rock as
                             specified in Sections 703.2 and 850.2 of PennDOT's Publication 408.
                         (2) Free standing rock channel filters will be constructed to the dimensions
                             shown above.

                         MAINTENANCE:
                         (1) Rock filters will be removed when clogged with sediments. Materials must
                             be washed completely free of foreign materials or new rock used to rebuild
                             the filter.
                         (2) Accumulated sediment should be removed after each rainfall event.

                         RESTRICTIONS:
                                                         2
                                                   IZ@
                                                       Jr Poe
                                                              I

                         (1) Not for use in natural drainageways or steams.
                         (2) Use only in vegetated channels constructed as part of the project until the
                             channel has stabilized.

                                                             13

                                                 EMBANKMENT SEDIMENT TRAP

                        PROJECT NAME:              SAMPLE TRAP
                               LOCATION:           Low Hazard Erosion & Sediment Control Guide
                          PREPARED BY:                                             DATE:                               SHEET# OF
                           CHECKED BY:                                             DATE:

                                                       5ft
                                        (F)                                                 ELV. @ 2000 CF/AC
                                              (M)                                  9 B ELV. @ CLEAN OUT
                                   AASHTO, #1

                                                                                       FILTER FABRIC
                      AASHTO #1 -Min. Size               (6") THICK
                                                      AASHTO #57
                                                         Max. Size                                              Required
                                                                                                                Minimums

                                                                                   C)
                                                  144                              A-
                                                                                   (ift)

                                                                                              AASH 0 #57               0 CLEAN OUT

                                                                                            FILTER FABRIC
                                     TRAP NO.:          A                                                   NOTE: Show all details and construction
                                        DRAINAGE AREA:                   1           ACRES ( 5 ac. max.)            dimensions on plan drawings.
                                        REO'D. CAPACITY:               2,000       - CUBIC FEET ( 2000 cf x # ac.
                                        AVERAGE WIDTH:                   20           FEET
                                     AVERAGE LENGTH:                     40        - FEET ( 10 ft. min.
                                     LENGTH TO WIDTH:                   2:1          RATIO ( 2:1 min.
                                     AVERAGE DEPTH                       2.5       - FEET ( 2 ft. min. ave. depth req'd.
                                     ACTUAL CAPACITY             A:           2,179         CUBIC FEET ( cap. at point A
                                        CLEAN OUT ELEV.          B:         1 foot          FEET     700 cf x # ac.
                                        SPILLWAY WIDTH           C:            6            FEET     2 x # ac.)
                                        SPILLWAY HEIGHT          D:           2.5           FEET     4 feet max.
                                     INSIDE SPILLWAY SIDE SLOPES                    vert = 1      Hor. = E: 2 (1:2 min)
                                     OUTSIDE SPILLWAY SIDE SLOPES vert = 1                        Hor. = E: 2 (1:2 min)
                                        EMBANK. HEIGHT G:                   3.5     - ( 5 feet max)

                      ELEV.                AVE.AREA                                VOLUME                       CUMULATIVE VOLUME

                     0                  16 x 36      576 S.f.

                                                                                    688 c.f.                               688 c.f.

                     1                  20 x 40      800 S.f.

                                                                                    928 c.f.                             1,616 0.

                     2                  24 x 44     1,056 S-f

                                                                                    563 0.                               2,179 0.

                     3  2.5             26 x 46    1,196 s.f.

                     4

                                                                                   14

                                         EMBANKMENT SEDIMENT TRAP

                       INSTALLATION:
                       (1)  A trap should be installed in a location which captures the majority of the disturbed
                            area naturally.

                       (2)  Traps must be able to de-water at least down to the clean out elevation.

                       (3)  Stone outlets must have a top width of greater than 5 feet and side slopes to match
                            earthen berm.

                       (4)  Geo-textile should only be placed as illustrated in detail

                       MAINTENANCE:
                       (1)  Sediment should be removed from trap when sediment accumulates to the clean-
                            out level at a point halfway between the inflow of sediment laden run-off and the
                            outlet.

                       (2)  A clean out stake should be placed at the location noted in item (1) with the clean
                            out elevation marked.

                       (3)  The filter fabric on the outlet should be cleaned after each rainfall event.

                       (4)  If the stone filter should become clogged it should be replaced.

                       RESTRICTIONS:
                       (1)  Maximum drainage area to a sediment trap is 5 acres.

                       (2)  Drainage areas include both disturbed and undisturbed areas.

                       (3)  If a trap can not outlet to a natural waterway the outlet width should be 6 feet per
                            acre. Traps should only outlet to areas which are stable.

                       (4)  Outlet traps only where they will not cause erosion or property damage.

                       DESIGN:
                            The design detail is included with a sample worksheet. The trap sample dimensions
                       should be suitable for most projects using this guide if the drainage area is one acre or
                       less. Use the worksheet - Appendix A - to alter the design for your sediment trap if
                       conditions require.

                                                                  15

                                         (Please make a copy for your use on site.)

                   EROSION AND SEDIMENT CONTROL PLAN
                   DEVELOPMENT GUIDE           ..........................................   NARRATIVE

                   1.   Name of Responsible Individual:

                        Address:                                                P.O.:

                        Phone Number:                                          Zip Code:

                   2.   Project is Located in what Municipality:

                   3.   Has the municipality been contacted:

                   4.   Tax parcel # for project site:

                   5.   New home construction projects on lots purchased from a larger development,
                        should locate a copy of the erosion and sediment control plan for the development. If
                        applicable please give name of development, and list any special requirements:

                   6.   Attach a copy of a general location map, and give written directions for locating the
                        project site in the space below:

                   1.   GENERAL INFORMATION ON PROJECT

                        A. Briefly describe your project and extent of earthmoving:

                        C. Estimate dates for project start up and completion:

                           START:                                     END:

                        D. Give the name of the nearest named receiving stream:

                        E. Have Wetlands been deliniated:
                           If no check justification

                                    Hydric Soils, or possible wetlands are avoided

                                    Wetlands do not exist

                                    Other:

                                                             16

                           F. Soils information for the project must be provided:

                               (1) Soil Type                    (2) Is the Soil                 (3) Other
                                                                    Hydric?                         Limitations

                                List soil symbol ex: (GeA2) for U.S.D.A. - Soil Survev

                           (2) - Hydric Soil lists are available from the Conservation District Office.

                      11.  STORMWATER RUNOFF AND DRAINAGE

                           A. Are steep slopes in excess of 10% apart of your project, or are the immediate
                               surrounding areas    ...................................................            -
                           B. Offsite run-off onto your project must be controlled. Does off-site drainage
                               exist ...............................................................
                           C. Will your project increase run-off velocities or channelize stormwater run-off

                           *Note: All yes answers to the above questions must be addressed in your erosion and
                                     sediment control plan with appropriate controls.

                     111.  SEQUENCE OF CONSTRUCTION

                                In order for an erosion and sediment control plan to be effective all phases of
                           construction must take place in an orderly sequence. Every effort should be made to
                           minimize the amount of earth to be distributed, and limit the time disturbed earth is exposed
                           to the forces of erosion. The first step in nearly all projects would be the installation of
                           sediment barriers or trap below the project, and installation of any needed practices to
                           handle run-off onto the project. The sequence should then describe the various
                           construction steps necessary to complete the project, and end with the removal of all
                           temporary controls after final stabilization is complete. Please use the space below and label
                           each step in numerical order.

                                                                       17

                     IV. TEMPORARY CONTROLS

                                This section is needed to detail any/all temporary erosion control practices that will be
                           implemented. List each control separately, explain why it is needed, and when it can safely
                           be removed. Drawings and designs for any practice not illustrated in this manual should be
                           attached and referenced in this section.

                           A.  Check if applicable

                                         Straw Bale Barrier                               Sediment Trap
                                         Filter Fabric                                    Rock Const. entrance
                                         Temporary Swale                                  Temporary Seeding
                                         Rock Filters                                     Other

                               List Other Controls:

                           B. Check if applicable

                                         All items check above will be to the specifications of this guide.

                                         Alternative controls and/or specifications are proposed and will be
                                        attached.

                      V.   PERMANENT CONTROLS

                                Prior to completion of the project state law requires that steps be taken to provide
                           permanent stabilization. All disturbed areas must be protected to prevent accelerated
                           erosion. In other words soil can not be left exposed. Re-established vegetation, rip-rap, and
                           pavement, etc. are examples of permanent controls. Re-vegetating an area descriptions
                           should include the seeding mixture to be used, top soil applications, lime, and fertilizer
                           instructions.

                           A. Check if applicable

                                         Permanent Vegetation will be established per the recommendations of this
                                        guide

                                         Alternative specifications have been developed for re-vegetation and are
                                        set forth on appendix B.

                      V1. MAINTENANCE PROGRAM

                                All erosion control practices require maintenance to function properly. Specific
                           requirements for maintenance are described on the design detail sheets. Please note the
                           following required maintenance procedures and check other applicable procedures for
                           control measures you will be using:

                                                                        18

                       VI. Maintenance       ........... continued

                      Required             Until the site is stabilized, all erosion and sedimentation controls must be
                                           maintained properly. Maintenance must include inspections of all erosion
                                           sedimentation controls after each storm event and or a weekly basis. All
                                           preventative and remedial maintenance work, including clean out, repair,
                                           replacement, remulching, and renetting, must be performed immediately.
                      Required             Should any measures contained within this plan prove incapable of
                                           adequately removing sediment from on-site flows prior to discharge or of
                                           stabilizing the surfaces involved, additional measures must be immediately
                                           implemented by the property owner to eliminate all such problems.

                      Required             After final site stabilization has been achieved, temporary erosion and
                                           sedimentation controls must be removed. Areas disturbed during removal of
                                           the controls must be stabilized.

                      (Check if Applicable)

                                           Sediment must be removed where accumulations reach 1/2 the above ground
                                           height of silt fencing.

                                           Sediment must be removed where accumulations reach 1/3 the above ground
                                           height of straw bale dikes.

                                           Stormwater inlets must be protected until the tributary areas are stabilized,
                                           and control measures maintained after each storm event.

                                           Sediment must be removed from traps when storage capacities are reduced
                                           to 1300 cubic feet per tributary acre.

                                           Sediment traps must be protected from unauthorized acts of third parties.

                      Other:

                      VII. EROSION CONTROL PLAN - DRAWING

                                 A plan drawing illustrating your erosion control plan is required. A blank plan has been
                            included to assist you in this effort. A sample plan using this sheet has been included in
                            appendix C. If a blueprint plan is available for your lot use it to develop your plan of inlieu of
                            the attached blank plan.

                                                                       19

                                                                                                 APPENDIX A

                                          EMBANKMENT SEDIMENT TRAP

                    PROJECT NAME:
                          LOCATION:

                       PREPARED BY:                                   DATE:                          SHEET# OF
                        CHECKED BY:                                   DATE:

                                              5ft
                                                                        A, ELV. @ 2000 CF/AC
                                 (F)
                                        (M)                                    ELV. @ CLEAN OUT
                              AASHTO #1
                   AASHTO #1 -Min. Size         (6") THICK                FILTER FABRIC
                                               AASHTO #57
                                                Max. Size                                      Required
                                                                                               Minimums

                                                                      C

                                                                      (ift)
                                                                                AASH 0 #57 1          0 CLEAN OUT
                                                                                          Z       F
                                                                           V FILTER FABRIC
                                 TRAP NO.:                                                   NOTE: Show all details and construction
                                                                                                    dimensions on plan drawings.
                                  DRAINAGE AREA:                         ACRES ( 5 ac. max. )
                                 REO'D. CAPACITY:                        CUBIC FEET ( 2000 cf x # ac.
                                  AVERAGE WIDTH:                          FEET
                                 AVERAGE LENGTH:                         FEET ( 10 ft. min.
                                 LENGTH TO WIDTH:                        RATIO ( 2:1 min.
                                 AVERAGE DEPTH :                         FEET ( 2 ft. min. ave. depth req'd.

                                 ACTUAL CAPACITY         A:                    CUBIC FEET ( cap. at point A
                                  CLEAN OUT ELEV.        B:                    FEET    700 cf x # ac.
                                  SPILLWAY WIDTH         C:                    FEET    2 x # ac.)
                                 SPILLWAY HEIGHT         D:                    FEET    4 feet max.
                                 INSIDE SPILLWAY SIDE SLOPES            vert = I    Hor. = E: - (1:2 min)
                                 OUTSIDE SPILLWAY SIDE SLOPES vert = 1              Hor. = E: - (1:2 min)
                                  EMBANK. HEIGHT G:                            ( 5 feet max)

                    ELEV.             AVE.AREA                          VOLUME                  CUMULATIVE VOLUME

                   0

                   1

                   2

                   3
                                                                          B                       T

                   14        1

                                                                      21

                                                                                   APPENDIX B

                EIROSION AND SEDIMENTATION CONTROL PLAN

                                              STANDARD WORKSHEET #8
                             TEMPORARY AND PERMANENT SEEDING SPECIFICATIONS

                   PROJECT NAME:
                         LOCATION:

                    PREPARED BY:                            DATE:                    SHEET# OF
                     CHECKED BY:                            DATE:

                SPECIFICATIONS: The Department recommends the use of the Penn State Agronomy Guide
                as the standard to use for the selection of species, seed specifications, mixtures, liming and
                fertilizing, time of seeding and seeding methods. Specification for these items may also be obtained
                from PennDOT's publication #408, Section 800 or by contacting the applicable county
                conservation district. Upon selection of a reference, orlby individual development by the plan
                preparer, the following Specification will exist for this project:

                SOURCE OF SPECIFICATIONS:

                                   (TEMPORARY)         SPECIES':
                                            % PURE LIVE SEED:                                          %
                                           APPLICATION RATE:                                 LBS./ACRE
                                              FERTILIZER TYPE:                                    (X-X-X)
                                       FERTILIZER APPL. RATE:                                LBSJACRE
                                                  LIMING RATE:                               LBSJACRE
                                    FINAL DATE FOR SEEDING:

                                    (PERMANENT)         SPECIES-
                                             % PURE LIVE SEED:                                         %
                                            APPLICATION RATE:                                LBSJACRE
                                              FERTILIZER TYPE:                                    (X-X-X)
                                       FERTILIZER APPL. RATE:                                LBSJACRE
                                                   LIMING RATE:                              LBSJACRE
                                    FINAL DATE FOR SEEDING:

                 If more than one species is used, indicate application rate for each species.

                                                           22

                                                                                       Itrosion                        bedi-ment UontroA rian

                                                                             LEGEND AND SYMBOLS:
                                       Landscape Features                                  Conservation
                                       Live Stream           ---------------               Diversion Ditch                                           PROJECT:
                                       SwaleorWaterway                                     Sediment Trap                                             DEVELOPED BY:
                                                                                           Riprap or Rocklined                                                                           APPROX.
                                       Slope or Grade                                                                                                DATE:                               SCALE:
                                       Project Boundary                                    Energy Dissipater
                                       Earthmoving area                                    STRAW BALE BARRI
                                                                                                                ER              DEE=
                                                                                           FABRIC FENCE                                 a (9

                                                                             Erosion & Sediment Control Plan

                                                                                                           1W
                                                                                                 JL 7.4
                                                                                                      - .  ---.Z                                0
                                      1.4

                              I AF
                                                                       -air

                                                                                                                                   Ilk
                                                                                                                x,
                                                                                                                               L
                                                                                                                                    10e,

                                                                                                                                           I   I    I    A %141

                                                                             A
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                                                                                  Ll      i   I    I
                                                                                          777;
                                                                J
                                                  000,

                                                                                                                                                            r

                                                                    LEGEND AND SYMBOLS:
                               Landscape Features                                 Conservation                                           PROJECT:       Sil7gle Fomily Home
                               Live Stream                                        Diversion Ditch                                                              V    -
                               Swale or Waterway                                  Sediment Trap                                         DEVELOPED BY: -John BUIdder-
                                                                            C

                                                                                                                                                                                                                  N
                               Slope or Grade                                     Riprap or Rocklined    M141y,                                                            APPROX.                I                          x
                                                                                                                                        DATE: 7/'Qo/ 9 a SCALE: I"=.
                               Project Boundary                                   Energy Dissipater                                                                                                                          0
                                                                                  STRAW BALE BARRIER
                               Earthmoving area
                                                                                  FABRIC FENCE

                                                                                                                           NOAA COASTAL SERVICES CTR LIBRARY

                                                                                                                           3 6668 14111916 6