[From the U.S. Government Printing Office, www.gpo.gov]
A A A i DAMES MOORE Orr, QL 628 T6 1,141 @2, Funds for this project were provided by the Department of Environmental Regulation, Office of Coastal Management using funds made available through the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration under the Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972, as amended. LAKE WORTH LAGOON NATURAL RESOURCES INVENTORY -AND- RESOURCE ENHANCEMENT STUDY DECEMBER 15,1990 DAMES & MOORE IN CONJUNCTION WITH PALM BEACH COUNTY DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT . I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I Property Of NOAA Coastal Ser-vices Centw ILAbrary I I TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION PAGE 1.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1 2.0 INTRODUCTION 5 3.0 LITERATURE/DATA SEARCH - DATABASE DEVELOPMENT 7 4.0 FIELD STUDIES AND MAPPING 8 5.0 NATURAL RESOURCES INVENTORY 9 5.1 HISTORY OF LAKE WORTH LAGOON 9 5.2 GOVERNMENTAL JURISDICTION BOUNDARIES 13 5.3 LAND USE 14 5.4 BATHYMETRY 15 5.5 HYDROLOGIC AND HYDRAULIC CHARACTERISTICS 16 5.6 SEDIMENT CHARACTERISTICS 18 5.7 POINT AND NONPOINT SOURCE OUTFALLS 20 5.8 SHORELINE CHARACTERISTICS 23 5.9 SUBMERGED NATURAL RESOURCES 24 5.10 KNOWN OCCURRENCES OF FISH 27 5.11 ENDANGERED, THREATENED AND RARE SPECIES 29 AND SPECIES OF SPECIAL CONCERN 5.12 MARINAS AND DOCKS 31 5.13 WATER QUALITY 33 5.13.1 Water Chemistry 33 5.13.2 Sediment Chemistry 36 5.13.3 Benthic Fauna 37 6.0 HABITAT RESTORATION AND ENHANCEMENT 38 6.1 PROJECT TYPES 38 6.2 PROJECT AREAS 41 6.3 PROJECT EVALUATION 43 7.0 NATURAL RESOURCES EVALUATION & RECOMMENDATIONS 45 I 1 8.0 APPENDIX 8.1 REFERENCES/LJTERATURE DATABA.SE CONTENTS 1 8.2 SEDIMENT GRAIN SIZE DATA TABLES (A-F) 1 8.3 MUNYON ISLAND PLANT UST I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES TABLE 1. LAND USE 2. HYDROLOGICAL FACTS 3. NONPOINT SOURCE OUTFALL SUMMARY 4. SHORELINE CHARACTERISTICS 5. SEAGRASS COVERAGE 6. LAKE WORTH AREA FISH 7. FISH COLLECTED IN LAKE WORTH LAGOON 8. ENDANGERED, THREATENED AND RARE SPECIES AND SPECIES OF SPECIAL CONCERN 9. PLANTS OF GEMINI BOTANICAL GARDENS 10. MARINA AND BOAT RAMP SURVEY 11. TROPHIC STATE INDEX CALCULATIONS 12. TROPHIC STATE INDEX SUMMARY 13. FECAL COLIFORM SUMMARY 14. HABITAT RESTORATION AND ENHANCEMENT PROJECTS SUMMARY 15. PROJECT EVALUATION CRITERIA 16. PROJECT EVALUATION MATRIX FIGURES 1. DREDGED AND FILLED AREAS 2. GOVERNMENTAL JURISDICTION BOUNDARIES 3. LAND USE 4. BATHYMETRY 5. HYDROLA)GIC AND HYDRAULIC CHARACTERISTICS 6. SEDIMENT CHARACTERISTICS 7. POINT AND NONPOINT SOURCE OUTFAILS 8. SHORELINE CHARACTERISTICS 9. SUBMERGED NATURAL RESOURCES 10. KNOWN OCCURRENCES OF FISH 11. ENDANGERED, THREATENED AND RARE SPECIES AND SPECIES OF SPECIAL CONCERN 12. MARINAS AND DOCKS 13. WATER QUALITY STATIONS 14. HABITAT RESTORATION AND ENHANCEMENT PROJECT AREAS 1.0 EXECUM S Lake Worth Lagoon is recognized as one of Florida's important estuarine lagoon systems. Continually impacted by an expanding population since the late eighteen hundreds, Lake Worth Lagoon must be protected through implementation of a comprehensive management plan if its unique natural resources are to be preserved and maintained. The first step in the formulation of a management plan is the survey, inventory and analysis of existing natural resources, literature and data contained herein. Over two hundred sources of literature and data on the natural resources of Lake Worth Lagoon have been identified and organized in a computerized database system. Information identified through the literature and data search has been further supplemented with field studies in order to produce a series of 14 maps which geographically illustrate the status of various natural resources and characteristics of Lake Worth Lagoon. This report includes tables, maps, and supporting information that describes the following: 1. Dredged and Filled Areas: Lake Worth Lagoon has been transformed from a freshwater lake to urban estuarine lagoon in the past 100 years by continual man-induced impacts associated with development of the area. Major alterations of Lake Worth Lagoon have been made by the filling of previously submerged lands and dredging of submerged lands to maintain channels and inlets. 2. Governmental Jurisdictional Boundaries: Portions of Lake Worth Lagoon are within the boundaries of unincorporated Palm Beach County, thirteen municipalities, a port authority, and an inlet district. 3. Land Use: Six zoning designations and major land uses are distributed along Lake Worth Lagoon; Residential (72.5%), Public (17.5%), Commercial (8.1%), Industrial/Utilities (1.0%), Water (0.8%) and Community Service (0.1%). 4. Bathymetry: Water depths within Lake Worth Lagoon are variable (< 1.0'-30.0' NGVD). Numerous areas have been dredged for navigation. T'he Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway is maintained at -11.0'(NGVD), the Lake Worth Inlet and Port of Palm Beach are maintained at -35.0'(NGVD), and the South Palm Beach Inlet has design depth of - 6.0'(NGVD). S. Hydrologic and Hydraulic Characteristics: Lake Worth Lagoon receives freshwater input from rainfall, which averages 5.4'/year, and groundwater inflows estimated at 281-330 cfs. Drainage from 3 major canals (C-16, C-17, and C-51) contributes considerable amounts of freshwater into Lake Worth Lagoon. Salinity variations in the Lake correspond closely to the seasonal variations in the freshwater inflow. Major tidal influences occur via the Lake Worth and South Lake Worth Inlets. '17he West Palm Beach Canal (C-51) controls the flushing characteristics of the Lake more than tidal and wind driven forces; its flow direction is 75% northward and 25% southward. Lantana Bridge is the area where the tidal influence from the inlets is most reduced. The maximum residence time of the water body between the two inlets is about 28 tidal cycles (14 days). 6. Sediment Characteristics: Sediment grain sizes and types, along with occurrences of rock outcrops throughout the lagoon have been identified. Data from five sediment studies conducted from 1970 - 1989 are presented on a map and in tabular form. 7. Point and Nonpoint Source Outfalls: During the 1950's an estimated 10 million gallons per day (MGD), of raw sewage was discharged directly into Lake Worth Lagoon. By 1970, most sewage was treated to secondary standards, but the discharge had increased to 18.49 MGD. During the past twenty years discharges into Lake Worth Lagoon have been greatly reduced through the use of alternative effluent disposal methods. Concurrently stormwater discharge has increased over the years. A total of 381 stormwater outfalls and 4 point sources were documented in this survey. -2- 8. Shoreline Characteristics: Lake Worth Lagoon's shoreline is approximately 70 linear miles (91.5 miles including canals), much of which has been altered through the years. 87% of the original shoreline mangroves have been eliminated resulting in mangroves along only 19% of the shoreline. Bulkheads comprise approximately 65% of the shoreline. 9. Submerged Natural Resources: Lake Worth Lagoon is host to valuable plant and animal communities such as seagrass beds (6 species), macroalgae (10 species), oyster habitat, corals and sponges. Seagrasses cover approximately 35% of the total submerged area of Lake Worth Lagoon. Tliree main areas of the lagoon support extensive seagrass beds. Of the total seagrass area of 2110 acres, the percentages of area dominated by various seagrass species are: Halodule wrightii (51%); Halophild decipiens and Halophila johnsond (25%); and a mixed assemblage of all three species (19%). Syfingodiumfififonne (1%) is primarily found near the Lake Worth Inlet area and a major Thalassia testudinum bed (2%) is located east of Big Munyon Island. Halophild johnsond has been designated by the Florida Natural Areas Inventory as a species of limited distribution and recommended for inclusion on the State list of threatened plant species. 10. Known Occurrences of Fish: 261 species of fish are known to occur in Lake Worth Lagoon and in the vicinity of the inlets. 195 species have been collected within Lake Worth Lagoon. The fish collection data from six studies conducted from 1962-1985 are presented on a map of the lagoon. 11. Endangered, Threatened and Rare Species and Species of Special Concern: 13 plant and 27 animal species known or likely to naturally inhabit Lake Worth Lagoon are recorded. All known protected plant species occur in either in John D. MacArthur State Recreation Area or Gemini Botanical Gardens. 12. Marinas and Docks: The survey indicates that Lake Worth Lagoon has storage/dock facilities for approximately five thousand boats (2558 marina slips and 2156 dry storage racks -3- and hundreds of private docks). The area currently accommodates 47 marinas, and 8 public boat ramps. 13. Water Quality: Water quality data has been collected in Lake Worth Lagoon since the late 1960's. Data indicates that the lagoon is a moderately polluted estuarine system. A trend analysis indicates water quality either remained fairly constant or slightly improved over a fifteen year period. Analysis of sediments for heavy metals and organic compounds indicate a system which chronically receives runoff from urban development. 14. Habitat Restoration and Enhancement: 20 habitats along Lake Worth Lagoon have been selected, identified and evaluated in order to establish a prioritized list of areas in need of restoration/enhancement. Five project types for habitat restoration and enhancement to be implemented are - Shoreline and Wetlands Creation, Artificial Reef Creation, Shoreline Stabilization (rip rap), Seagrass and Oyster Bed Creation and Public Information and Education. Analysis of the available information regarding Lake Worth Lagoon indicates that water quality and habitat resources have been drastically impacted by urbanization of the area over the past one hundred years. Fish and wildlife habitat has declined due to dredging and filling activities. However, productive areas of seagrass beds, shoreline mangrove communities and other habitat components remain and are utilized by a great number of fish and wildlife species. These areas need to be protected and preserved, while other declining habitats need to be enhanced or restored to their natural state. The information in this report is a valuable basis for development of a comprehensive management plan for Lake Worth Lagoon. The report provides an analysis of resource trends, as well as recommendations for habitat enhancement projects which will be undertaken by Palm Beach County's Department of Environmental Resources Management through use of County Vessel Registration Fee Ordinance revenues. -4- 2.0 INTRODUCrION The coastal lagoons and estuaries of Florida are extremely important resources which benefit all of us in many ways. As distinct geographic features they are the focal point of life along the coast. Our cities are built along their shores, and we utilize their waters for recreation and commerce. The fish and wildlife resources which make Florida unique also depend upon these natural systems for their existence. Seventy percent of our recreational and commercial fish species are dependent upon coastal estuaries at some point in their life cycle (Harris et. al., 1983). Lake Worth Lagoon is located in Palm Beach County along the urbanized southeast coast of Florida (Location Map). Historically, Lake Worth Lagoon been one of the most abused and least protected coastal water bodies in Florida. Since the first settlers arrived in Palm Beach County in the late eighteen hundreds, Lake Worth Lagoon has been subjected to a constant onslaught of environmentally degrading activities including channel dredging, shoreline bulkhead construction and filling, causeway and bridge construction, dock and marina construction, industrial waste discharge, sewage disposal, stormwater runoff, canal development, port development, mosquito control, and power plant construction and operation. While the cumulative impact of these activities over the past one hundred years has significantly altered Lake Worth Lagoon from its previous character and diminished its value as a healthy estuarine ecosystem, significant regionally important natural resources remain. The fish and wildlife values, water quality, and recreational values which remain must be identified, evaluated, and protected to assure their future viability. Proper management of the Lake Worth Lagoon System will lead to protection and enhancement of this important coastal resource. The Indian River Lagoon located to the north, and Biscayne Bay located to the south of Lake Worth Lagoon have been subject to numerous studies and management activities in recent years. However, Lake Worth Lagoon has received relatively little attention by -5- PASCO POLK OSCCOLA OMAN lhvto manArat mAmxc ONCIC"OK9 ST LUCIC 04 SOTO UnASOTA MARTIN LQke LAKE WORTH LAGOON colAlkoryt GLANS OkeeChobee PALM MACH LIC wtoscov WWARO CoLugn %o A ow LOCATION MAP OF LAKE WORTH LAGOON environmental agencies. For this reason, the Palm Beach County Department of Environmental Resources Management, (ERM) initiated this Natural Resources Inventory and Resource Enhancement Study of Lake Worth Lagoon. This study was funded by a Federal Coastal Zone Management Grant administered by the Florida Department of Environmental Regulation, Office of Coastal Management. ERM was responsible for conducting the literature search, and field studies. Dames & Moore was contracted by ERM to organize and analyze data, produce maps, and generate the report. The objectives of this project were to: 0 Identify significant research, data and literature regarding the natural resources of Lake Worth Lagoon. 0 Identify and map important environmental characteristics of Lake Worth Lagoon. 0 Analyze the information and maps to determine environmental trends and conditions. 0 Identify and evaluate habitat restoration and enhancement projects which can be undertaken by ERM. The findings of this study will ultimately be utilized by ERM as the basis of a comprehensive Lake Worth Lagoon Management Plan designed to improve and protect Lake Worth Lagoon as an important coastal natural resource. The report will guide ERM in its selection of Lake Worth Lagoon habitat restoration or enhancement projects undertaken with revenues produced by the County Vessel Registration Fee Ordinance. Ibis study was completed through a four task approach: 1. Literature Search and Database Development 2. Field Studies and Mapping 3. Natural Resources Inventory and Analysis 4. Identification of Potential Habitat Restoration and Enhancement Projects. -6- 3.0 LITERATUREIDATA SEARCH AND DATABASE DEVELOPME A detailed literature and data search was conducted by ERM staff in an effort to locate information related to natural resources of Lake Worth Lagoon. Sources of literature investigated in the search include: Area Planning Board of Palm Beach County Florida Atlantic University Florida Department of Environmental Regulation Florida Department of Natural Resources Municipal Comprehensive Plans Palm Beach County Library South Florida Water Management District University of Miami University of Florida References were organized in a DBASE software program to provide a manageable and expandable database. Entries include title, author, reference number, date of publication, key words, location of publication, and abstract. The entries can be retrieved by author, reference number or key word. The database currently includes over two hundred citations, and is available for use through ERM. A complete list of references contained in the database is included in the appendix of this report (Appendix 8.1). -7- 4.0 FIELD STUDIES AND MAPPING Field studies were conducted during the spring and summer of 1990 by ERM. The studies were structured to produce resource baseline information that can be presented on map overlays of Lake Worth Lagoon. Field study methods are briefly discussed in the sections of the report which precede each map overlay. The information produced through field studies and the literature/data search is presented as overlays to a base map developed from United States Geological Survey, (USGS) quadrangle maps scaled at 1 inch = 2000 feet. Overlays include: Dredged and Filled Areas Governmental Jurisdiction Boundaries Land Use Bathymetry Hydrologic and Hydraulic Characteristics Sediment Distribution Point and Nonpoint Source Outfalls Shoreline Characteristics Submerged Natural Resources Known Occurrences of Fish Endangered, Tbreatened and Rare Species and Species of Special Concern Marinas and Docks Water Quality Stations Habitat Restoration and Enhancement Project Areas The maps were produced by AUTOCAD software, and are presented in match line format in this document (Map Key). Full size maps with color overlays are available for review at ERM. -8- LEGEND -A -B NOTE: THE NORTHERN BOUNDARY OF THE STUDY AREA IS LITTLE LAKE WORTH. THE SOUTHERN BOUNDARY OF THE STUDY AREA IS THE OCEAN AVENUE BRIDGE, BOYNTON BEACH. t P Im Beach County Dapu.Am.,t of LAKE WORTH LAGOON D&M JOB NO. ENVIRONMENTAL 20335-001-049 RESOURCES MAP KEY MANAGEMENT 1 -1 1 5.0 NATURAL RESOURCES INVENTORY AND ANALYSIS 5.1 HISTORY OF LAKE WORTH LAG00 Lake Worth Lagoon is a narrow elongated lagoon bordered on the west by the Atlantic Coastal Ridge and on the east by a barrier island or peninsula. The barrier island was formed as part of an offshore bar during the late Pleistocene (120,000 years B.P.) when sea level was elevated. As sea level dropped during the glacial age the offshore bar became partially lithified. During the last rise in sea level the present day barrier island and narrow lagoon was established. The sea reached its present level about 6000 years ago, and the Florida Peninsula emerged in approximately its present shape. Sea levels oscillated over the last 6000 years changing the shape of the shoreline. Ile closing or opening of inlets, followed by the creation of brackish or freshwater conditions are common events in narrow coastal lagoons like Lake Worth Lagoon. During modem times Lake Worth was first noted on an 1830 map as a freshwater lake with drainage from a swampy area along the western edge (Pierce, 1970). Florida pioneers first came into contact with Lake Worth during the Seminole Indian wars of the mid-eighteen hundreds. In fact, Lake Worth is named after Brigadier General William Jenkins Worth, an important military figure of that era. The Seminole Indians which had settled in the area at that time called the lake "Hypoluxo", which meant "water all around, no get out". This was a fitting name, as Lake Worth at that time was a freshwater lake with no permanent connections to the ocean, and no significant outflows or surface water inflows. The barrier island to the east (Palm Beach) separated Lake Worth from the Atlantic Ocean. Extreme high tides and waves, high lake water levels and storms occasionally caused the formation of small temporary inlets. To the west, a sand ridge separated the lake from the mainland, which at the time consisted mostly of sawgrass marsh. The lake was also isolated -9- from the Loxahatchee River to the North, and Hillsboro River to the south by sand ridges which connected the mainland to the barrier island at each end of the lake. Historically, only three natural islands existed in Lake Worth. Big and Little Munyon Islands located in the northern part, and Hypoluxo Island located in the southern part of the lake. Vast freshwater marshes surrounded the lake, and freshwater grassbeds grew within the lake. The main sources of water for the lake were direct rainfall and groundwater inflow from the west. The first settlers came to the shores of Lake Worth in the 1860's. They immediately began the changes known as progress that continue to this day. Several early attempts were made to create navigable inlets from the ocean, and in 1877 construction of a stable inlet was achieved. Immediately, the lake began to change to a saltwater lagoon system. During the 1890's the East Coast Canal Company completed dredging of a navigation canal from the north end of Lake Worth Lagoon to the Jupiter Inlet. This resulted in an increase in freshwater discharges to the north end of Lake Worth Lagoon via the Loxahatchee River. Also during this decade developers began filling the wetland edges of Lake Worth Lagoon, an activity that would continue into the 1970's. In the early 1900's, the Intracoastal Waterway was completed from the south end of Lake Worth Lagoon to Biscayne Bay. By 1915 the Port of Palm Beach created a permanent inlet 4 feet deep at the north end of Lake Worth Lagoon. The inlet was deepened to 16 feet in 1925. The dredge spoils were deposited in Lake Worth Lagoon resulting in the creation of Peanut Island. In 1917 the South Lake Worth Inlet was created in a failed effort to improve tidal circulation and provide flushing to the south end of the lagoon. T'he completion of the West Palm Beach Canal and spillway in 1925 resulted in creation of a significant freshwater inflow to Lake Worth Lagoon. Its creation also provide the drainage necessary for development of the west shore of the lagoon. -10- By the 1940's the changes in hydrology along with the pollutants contributed by freshwater and sewage effluent inflows had resulted in unacceptable water quality in Lake Worth Lagoon. In an effort to improve this problem Palm Beach County dredged one half million yards of sediment from the mid portion of the lagoon and deposited it on the Atlantic beaches of the Town of Palm Beach. Fumes from the decomposition of this organic material along the beaches reportedly resulted in paint peeling from houses. By the early 1950's, water quality in Lake Worth Lagoon was at its worst as an estimated ten million gallons of raw sewage effluent were discharged daily. In response to the problem, a massive cleanup effort occurred in the 1960's and 1970's resulting in 70% of the population being served by secondary treatment sewage disposal systems. During this period, the assault on Lake Worth's shoreline reached its peak. Most of the shoreline was extended waterward by dredging and filling activities in the fringing wetlands. The newly created upland areas were contained by shoreline bulkheads. Large upland areas were created north of the Lake Worth Inlet in the area of Palm Beach Shores. In 1959, Munyon Island was enlarged by deposition of dredge spoil. Between 1940 and 1975 an estimated 87% loss in mangrove wetlands occurred through shoreline development. As of 1975, an estimated 275 acres of mangrove forest was all that remained (Harris et.al, 1983). Today, Lake Worth Lagoon is connected to the Atlantic Ocean by two permanent inlets. The Lake Worth Inlet is 400 feet wide by 35 feet deep, and the South Lake Worth Inlet is 200 feet wide by 6 feet deep. The Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway channel runs the entire length of Lake Worth Lagoon. Eight causeways and bridges connect the mainland to the barrier island. Forty seven marinas and hundreds of private docks are scattered along the shoreline. Approximately 65% of the lagoon shoreline is bulkheaded. Only approximately 19% of the shoreline remains fringed by mangroves. Industrial activities include the Port of Palm Beach and the Riviera Beach Power Plant. Major freshwater inflows to Lake Worth include the Earman River (C-17), West Palm Beach Canal (C-51), and Boynton Beach Canal (C-16). Ile information for the map of dredged and filled areas (Figure 1) was adapted from the W. Vines, 1970 report, Surface Waters. Submergcd Lands, and Waterfront Lands for the Area Planning Board of Palm Beach County (Figure 7, Dredged and Filled Areas in Inland Waters). This map includes previously submerged lands which have been filled, and submerged lands which have been dredged. Major changes have not occurred in the past 20 years due to environmental regulations which limit dredging and filling activities. This brief history illustrates that through man's activities, Lake Worth Lagoon has evolved over the past one hundred years from a freshwater lake system to an urban estuarine lagoon system in need of management. -12- LEGEND SUBMERGED LANDS WHICH HAVE BEEN DREDGED PREVIOUSLY SUBMERGED LANDS . . . ....... . ... WHICH HAVE BEEN FILLED NOTES ADAPTED FROM VINES, W.R., 1970, SURFACE WATERS, SUBMERGED LANDS, AND WATERFRONT LANDS FOR AREA PLANNING BOARD OF PALM BEACH COUNTY, FLORIDA, FIGURE 7 Palm Beach County D&M JOB NO. Department of LAKE WORTH LACOON 20335-001-049 ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES DREDGED AND FILLED FIGURE tMANAGEMENT AREAS I-A LITTLE LAKE WORTH k NY 0 LA A IJTTLE A'j EARMAN RIVER MUNYON ISLAND Palm Beach County DIIM 1011 No. Department of LAKE WORTH LAGOON 0 1000 2000 20335-001-049 ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES DREDGED AND FILLED SCALE FIGURE MANAGEMENT AREAS (FEET) I-B A . .... LITTLE As EARMAN RIVER MUNYON ISLAND BLUE HERON BRIDG .91 R D B 13 J:@EARM7 Palm Beach County Department of LAKE WORTH LAGOON 0 1000 2000 D&M JOB NO. ENVIRONMENTAL 1 20335-001-049 RESOURCES DREDGED AND FILLED SCAM FIGURE MANAGEMENT AREAS (FEET ) I I-C B 01 FLAGLER MEMORIAL BRI CLEAR C$ C LAKE Palm Beach County D&M JOB NO. Department of LAKE WORTH LAGOON 0 1000 20 20335-001-049 ENVIRONMENT L;-,@@ RESOURCES DREDGED AND FILLED SCAU FIGURE MANAGEMENT AL AREAS (FEET) 00 I-D CLEAR C C LAKE ROYAL PARK BRI ol lo lo lo FIShUMAN IS6D SOUTHERN BOULEVARD BRIDG,..-.* D Palm Beach County Department of LAKE WORTH LAGOON 0 1000 2000 D&M JOB NO. ENVIRONMENTAL 20335-001-049 RESOURCES DREDGED AND FILLED SCALE FIGURE - MANAGEMENT AREAS (FEET) I -E D$ HUNTERS ISLAND WEST PALM BEACH CANAL (C-.. IS E R, LAKE AVENUE BR Palm Beach County Department of LAKE WORTH LAGOON 0 1000 2000 D1111 10B No. ENVIRONMENTAL @-M@@ 20335-001-049 RESOURCES DREDGED AND FILLED SCAU FIGURE MANAGEMENT AREAS (FEET) I-F E E' LAKE AVENUE BJR OCEAN AVENUE F Ft Palm Beach County D&M JOB NO. Department of LAKE WORTH LACOON 0 1000 2000 20335-001-049 ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES DREDGED AND FILLED SCAM FIGURE rtMANAGEMENT I AREAS (FECr) I-C F F EER CAN ISLAND iSOUTH LAKE WORTH INLET BOYNTON CANAL (C- 16) OCEAN AVENUE BRIDGE Department LAKE WORTH LAGOON 0 1000 2000 D&M JOB NO. 1 ENVIRONMENTAL 20335-001-049 RESOURCES DREDGED AND FILLED SCALE FIGURE MANAGEMENT AREAS (FEET) f -H 51 GOVERNMENTAL JURISDICTION 13OUNDARIES The submerged area and shoreline of Lake Worth Lagoon is divided between the geographical jurisdiction of many governmental units. The extreme north section, including Little Lake Worth is in unincorporated Palm Beach County. The Port of Palm Beach Authority controls the northern inlet area. T'he southern inlet area is controlled by the South Lake Worth Inlet District. The following thirteen municipalities also include portions of Lake Worth Lagoon: North Palm Beach Lake Park Riviera Beach Palm Beach Shores West Palm Beach Palm Beach Lake Worth Lantana South Palm Beach Hypoluxo Manalapan Boynton Beach Ocean Ridge Figure 2 depicts the current jurisdictional boundaries of each governmental unit. The boundaries were determined by review of USGS quadrangle maps, and a map depicting municipal boundaries as recognized by the Palm Beach County Tax Appraisers Office. Note: The figure begins with Plate 2-B because there is no need for a legend. -13- COR TED PALM @HTLE LAKE COUA@ Y@ WORTH om NOR PAL BEA C Ll MUNYO ISLAND tz A .. ....... . Ag LJTTLE C- 17 MUNYON N @,NIN ISLAND D&M JOB NO. epartment of LAKE WORTH LAGOON 0 1000 2000 20335-OOf-049 ENVIRONMENTAL W4/ RESOURCES GOVERNMENTAL J'O'911@91VI'lUIN- SCALE FIGURE MANAGEMENT BOUNDARIES (FEET) Z-B LITTLE A* C- 17) PAL HUNYON EA @m@ ISLAND LAKE PARK c=-D BLUE HERON BRIDGE is RIVIERA PA BEA CH BEACH SHORES PEANUT ISLAND L&KE WORTH INLET PAL WEST BEA 7-1 A T-J[-X B I All JLJ A L-7 A LM p @EA @C@@ BEACH A 1-f-m N,fk@@ D&M JOB NO. partmment o LAKE WORTH LAGOON 0 1000 2000 20335-001-049 ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES JURISDICTION SCALE FIGURE MANAGEMENT BOUNDARIES (FEET) 2-c B Bo MANCONIA PARK two LM B CH WEST PALM BEACH FLAGLER MEMORIAL BRIDGE CLEAR C ct UKE + P@ [C LE@R Q C 4 ,E --T D&M JOB NO. LAKE WORTH LAGOON I lot 20335-001-049 11 14 JURISDICTION BOUNDARIES tz a z C@ z rjl EO) Cl ql EVERGIADES ISIAND mo 0 gig @J GGgvqs Cc Cc cn tz z p PAL BEA C WEST Zill PALM BEACH HUNTERS@ LAKE ISIAND CLARKE SHORES WEST PALM BEACH CANAL (C-51) . . ............. w"M IBIS ISLE LAKE WORTH E R' LAKE AVENUE BRIDGE E Palm Beach County D&M JOB NO. Department of LAKE WORTH LACOON 0 1000 2000 20335-001-049 ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES GOVERNMENTAL JURISDICTION SCALE FIGURE ItMANAGEMENT I BOUNDARIES (FEET) 2-F Es LAKE AVEN LAKE WORTH PAL BEA H SOUTH PALM BEACH ]BRIDGE 0 F 'EMOILLI Fo Department o LAKE WORTH LAGOON o 1000 2000 D&M JOB NO. ENVIRONMENTAL 20335-001-049 RESOURCES GOVERNMENTAL JURISDICTTION SCAM FIGURE IIFMANAGEMENT BOUNDARIES (FEET) 2-0 L HYPOL ER CAN SLAND SOUTH LAKE WORTH NLET BOYNTON CANAL (C-16) BOYNT BEACH OCEAN OCEAN AVENUE BRIDGE RIDGE Palm Beach County Department f LAKE WORTH LACOON 0 1000 2000 D&M JOB NO. ENVIRONMENTAL 20335-001-049 RESOURCES ' GOVERNMENTAL JURISDICTION SCALE FIGURE MANAGEMENT BOUNDARIES (FEET) 2-H 5.3 LAND USE The majority of land adjacent to Lake Worth Lagoon has been intensively developed for waterfront commercial and residential purposes. Single-family homes and multi-unit condominiums with waterfront or canal based marina facilities are very common. Major industrial areas are concentrated near the Port of Palm Beach. Commercial areas are limited and consist mostly of waterfront offices, restaurants and marina facilities. Open spaces are limited to public parks and road right-of-ways. The approximate percentages of shoreline area designated for various land uses are presented in Table 1. TABLE I LAND USE LAND USE DESIGNATION *LINEAR hflLES PERCENT OF SHORELINE Residential Areas 50.75 72.5% Public Ownership/Public Districts 12.25 17.5% Commercial Districts 5.67 8.1% Industrial/Utilities District 0.70 1.0% Community Services District 0.07 0.1% Water Area/Open Space 0.56 0.8% The total length of the Lake Worth Lagoon shoreline excluding canals is approximately 70 miles. While not located within the area of this study, it should be noted that the drainage basins surrounding the C-16, C-17, and C-51 canals contain a significant amount of undeveloped lands. The manner in which these lands are developed could have a significant impact on Lake Worth Lagoon, the receiving water for runoff from these canal basins. Land uses along the shoreline of Lake Worth Lagoon are depicted on Figure 3. Zoning designations and land uses have been combined into six categories; public use or ownership, residential, commercial, industrial, special use, and open water areas. Shoreline areas have been classified into these categories based upon zoning designations found on the 1989 Redi Map aerial photographs. Submerged land deed area designations were obtained from the Palm Beach County Property Appraisers Office. -14- LEGEND RESIDENTIAL AREAS PUBLIC OWNERSHIP, PUBLIC DISTRICTS, PUBLIC RECREATION AND OPEN SPACE, PUBLIC/SEMI- PUBLIC PLANNED UNIT DEVELOPMENT, RECREATION, RECREATIONAL OPEN SPACE, PRESERVATION/ CONSERVATION AREAS, COMMUNITY FACILITY DISTRICT COMMERCIAL DISTRICTS (GENERAL, MARINE, OFFICE, NEIGHBORHOOD, BUSINESS), HOTELS, OFFICE PROFESSIONAL DISTRICT, LAKE FRONT DISTRICT, WEST PALM BEACH LAKE FRONT DISTRICT, WEST PALM BEACH LAKE FRONT CORE DISTRICT, WEST PALM BEACH DOWNTOWN PLANNED UNIT DEVELOPMENT GENERAL INDUSTRIAL DISTRICT, UTILITIES DISTRICT COMMUNITY SERVICE DISTRICT INCLUDING U.S. COAST GUARD STATION WATER AREA/OPEN SPACE Palm Beach County Department of LAKE WORTH LAGOON D&M JOB NO. ENVIRONMENTAL 20335-001-049 RESOURCES LAND USE FIGURE -*MANAGEMENT I 3-A AA6, rl JL-- rL C2 tz, cn t 1: 1: t;':';'; I' I (n cp 0 fill t-2 0 Cc co tv w to X A A@ LITTLE EARMAN RIVER (C- MUNYON ISLAND BLUE - ---- --- LAKE WORTH INLET IZA @///A B IgIA PaJm Beach County &M JOB NO. Department of LAKE WORTH LAGOON 0 LOOO 2000 D ENVIRONMENTAL Z0335-001-049 RESOURCES LAND USE SCALE FIGURE MANAGEMENT (FEET) 3-C 111A r///A FLAGLER MEMORIAL I CLEAR - - - - ------ C LAKE Palm Beach Coul2ty D&M JOB NO. Department of LAKE WORTH LAGOON 0 1000 2000 20335-001-049 ENVIRONMENTAL I RESOURCES LAND USE SCALE FIGURE MANAGEMENT (FEET) 3-D . . .............. > t2l rn EVERGLADES ISLAND 114- sum cc tll:v OZ to IM I z ra HUNTERS ISLAND qu AFEST PALM BEACH C Ile IBIS ISLE -J7 -7-7 7 777:- . ..... - - ------- E Ef Palm Beach County D&M JOB NO. Department of LAKE WORTH LACOON 0 1000 2000 20335-001-049 ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES LAND USE SCAU FIGURE ItMANAGEMENT (FEET) 3-F E E OCEAN AVENU F Fvl Palm Beacb County Department of LAKE WORTH LAGOON 0 1000 2000 D&M JOB NO. ENVIRONMENTAL 20335-001-049 RESOURCES LAND USE SCAU FIGURE ItMANAGEMENT I (FEEr) 3-c 1 F ...F BEER CAN ISLAND SOUTH LAKE WORTH INLET BOYNTON CANAL C-1 OCEAN AVENUE t Palm Beach County Department of LAKE WORTH LAGOON 0 1000 2000 D&M JOB NO. ENVIRONMENTAL 20336-001-049 RESOURCES IAND USE SCALE FIGURE MANAGEMENT (FEET) 3-H 5A B In the late 1800's, Lake Worth was a shallow water body with the majority of its area ranging in depth from < 1 to 2 meters. Historical depths have been significantly altered by dredging and filling activities which have occurred over the past one hundred years. Lake Worth Lagoon currently ranges in depth from less than one foot to thirty five feet. Presently, the Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway is maintained at a design depth of -11 feet referenced to the National Geodetic Vertical Datum (NGVD) of 1929. The Lake Worth Inlet and Port of Palm Beach are maintained at -35 feet NGVD. South Lake Worth Inlet has a design depth of -6 feet NGVD. In addition, a number of basins, marinas, access channels and canals are maintained at various depths for navigation purposes. Dredged material from navigation projects has been deposited in areas of the lagoon resulting in spoil islands and shoals. Some areas were dredged as a source for fill material, resulting in isolated holes. (e.g.: Little Lake Worth has been dredged to a depth of 7 meters). For the most part, the areas of the lagoon which have not been dredged or converted to upland by fill activates remain at < 1-2 meters in depth. Bathymetric information for Lake Worth Lagoon is available from several sources. T'he USGS quadrangle maps include bathymetric contours at one meter intervals with supplemental 0.5 meter contours. The datum for the contours is mean low water. Navigation maps published by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) indicated spot depths at mean low water. The bathymetry map (Figure 4) has been created by digitizing the one-half meter contour lines found on the USGS quadrangle maps. Spot depths throughout the lagoon were established by field measurements taken by ERM. Major holes and shoal areas were also located in the field, and are depicted on the map. -15- LEGEND 2.5 SPOT DEPTH IN METERS DETERMINED BY FIELD SURVEY (MLW) NOTES BATHYMETRIC CONTOUR INTERVAL 1 METER WITH SUPPLEMENTARY 0.5 METER CONTOURS - DATUM IS MEAN LOW WATER SOURCE: U. S. COAST AND GEODETIC SURVEY AND NATIONAL OCEAN SERVICE, 1986. t Patin Reach County D&M JOB NO. Department of LAKE WORTH LAGOON 20335-001-049 ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES BATHYMETRY FIGURE MANAGEMENT 4-A 57 LITTLE LA KE WORTH 7.0 IA @A 06 0.5 1.0 0 0.5 _1 0.5 0 0.5 0.s 1.0 -.0 C, 10 2.0 .3.0 1.0 1.0 O.S MUNYO LL F I)SLAN .. ...... .... . . .. .......... 1.0 1.0 A A . . ..... TTLE U EARMAN RIVER (C-17) NN ON < I LAND Palm Beaeb County D&M JOB NO. Department of LAKE WORTH LAGOON 0 1000 2000 20335-001-049 ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES BATHYMETRY SCALE FIGURE MANAGEMENT (FEET) 4-B ri A @A* TTLE EARMAN RIVER (C- 17) AI UNYON LAND .... ......... 1.0 ........ ......... ............. % 4.0 4.5 4.0 8.0 9.0 go o iu so ............... 10 BLUE HERON BRIDGE ............... SINGER ji i ISIAND D PEANUT ISLAND WORTH INLET in IS fo..5 t"Y ...... . . . . . 24--% ..R 0 2.0 B ko P Im Beach County Rpartment of LAKE WORTH LAGOON 0 1000 2000 D&M JOB NO. ENVIRONMENTAL 20335-001-049 (FEET) 4-C RESOURCES BATHYMETRY SCAU FIGURE MANAGEMENT 0 0 0 B 'RA tc! ob LO 2.6 3.0 I i.0 5.0 0't 2. 0 26 ... ..... .. 5@ 10 ilo .0 '0 @0- 55 #0 3. 0 .6 0.5! 45 0@ ji FLAGLER MEMORIAL BRIDGE: 2.5 j :1 CLEAR C C$ LAKE ........... Palm Beach County )0 D&M JOB NO. Department of LAKE WORTH LAGOON 0 1000 209 20335-001-049 ENVIRONMENTAL f RESOURCES BATHYMETRY SCALE FIGURE ItMANAGEMENT (FEET) 4-D CLEAR C C$ LAKE ............. ROYAL PARK BRIDGE CD 4.5 0.5: L .......... f.0" 2 ol Lj: .4. 2.0 f.6 1.5 .1 0 10 1.0 Ls -v. 2.0 LOP 'o 0.5 1.6 4-6 f. 0.5 0.5 3. i3.0 2.5 1.0 4 .0-:0.5 .0 ;E9 D 1 5 A, 1.5 SOUTHERN BOULEVARD BRiDGE 5.0 j Ij 0 6 5 2.01 Ds .. ........ Palm Beach County D&M JOB NO. Department of LAKE WORTH LAGOON 0 1000 2000 20335-001-049 ENVIRONMENTAL IGURE (FEET) 4-E RESOURCES BATHYMETRY SCAU F MANAGEMENT 2.0 D\N D* ......... ........... . 1.0 i C.@ , I N 0XTERS1 ISIAND-i .0 i n 2.Oi so '*EST PALM BEACII CANAL (C-51) 0 7.. If 6.3 5.0i IE E F LAKE AVENUE BRIDGE 7 @O,' 1.0 D Im Beach County partment of LAKE WORTH LAGOON 0 1000 2000 D&M JOB NO. ENVIRONMENTAL 20335-001-049 RESOURCES BATHYMETRY SCALE FIGURE 4tMANAGEMENT I (FEET) I I 4-F E LAKE AVENUE BRIDGE F.o( fo f 5 4- 5:1 1". 1.0 0.5 is % 0 -j f. 0 Z ev f.0 0.6 1.0 f.s@ 0.5 20ii 0.5 tj rlI @05 1. 0 1.5 OCEAN AVENUE BRIDGE 0.5 0 1.5 1.6 f"', 2.0 1.0 F F$ & Palm Beach County Department of LAKE WORTH LAGOON 0 1000 2000 D&M JOB NO. ENVIRONMENTAL 20335-001-049 RESOURCES BATHYMETRY SCALE FIGUR MANAGEM MENT (FEET) 4-C 77 P F it tt1.5 0. 61 1. 0 2.5 0.5 .0 1.0 iJEER AN is.. D 2.0 a SOUTH LAKE WORTH 0 Isi, 1.5 INLET BOYNTON CANAL (C-16) OCEAN AVENUE BRIDGE " A@ @RD 2. PaLm Beach County Department of LAKE WORTH LACOON 0 1000 20 0 D&M JOB NO. ENVIRONMENTAL 20335-001-049 RESOURCES BATHYMETRY SCALE FIGURE ItMANAGEMENT I (FEET) 4-H 5.5 HYDROLOGIC AND HYDRAULIC C STICS The hydrologic and hydraulic characteristics of Lake Worth Lagoon have been greatly altered from historic conditions by changes in tidal influence and freshwater inflows. Tidal influence occurs at Lake Worth Wet, South Lake Worth Inlet, and the Intracoastal Waterway entrances located at the north and south ends of Lake Worth Lagoon. Mean tide ranges are 2.6 feet at Palm Beach, 2.5 feet at Boynton Beach, and 2.8 feet at North Palm Beach, (van de Kreeke and Wang, 1976). Freshwater inflows to Lake Worth Lagoon according to SFWMD, 1977 are: West Palm Beach Canal (C-51) 49.7% Earman River (C-17) 12.1% Boynton Canal (C-16) 10.7% West Palm Beach STP 1.3%* Boynton Beach STP .3%* Surface Runoff 4.1% Groundwater 22.3% *The West Palm Beach and Boynton Beach wastewater treatment plant outfalls have subsequently been eliminated. The C-51 canal is the largest inflow discharging an average of 356 million gallons per day. Seventy five percent of the discharge flows north and reaches the Lake Worth Inlet within five days. Twenty five percent flows south and reaches South Lake Worth Inlet within nine days (SFWMI), 1977). The maximum residence time of the water body between the two inlets is approximately 14 days (Chiu et.al, 1970). Miscellaneous hydrological and hydraulic facts for Lake Worth Lagoon are presented in Table 2. -16- TABLE 2 HYDROLOGICAL FACTS 1. Surface area of Lake Worth, including the bays is 2.64 X 108 feet'. 2. Surface area of Lake Worth between the two inlets is 1.96 X 108 feet2. 3. Volume of water below mean sea level, including the bays is 2.1 x 109 feet3. 4. Volume of water below mean sea level between the inlets is 1.73 x 109 feet3. 5. Average rainfall is 5.4 feet/year, a characteristic daffy rainfall during the wet season is 1 inch/day. 6. lWical evaporation rates are 0.05 inches/day during the winter, 0.22 inches/day during the summer (computed by Lee, 1975 for Card Sound, a lagoon on the Atlantic coast of Florida approximately 100 miles south of Lake Worth). 7. An estimate of 281 cfs for the groundwater inflow was calculated for September 1974 and 1975 by J. van de Kreeke et al. 1976. 8, The residence time of completely mixed pollutants - The time interval required to replace 50% of the resident water (half-life) is about two tidal cycles (or one day) and the pollutants are reduced to 10% of the original concentration in 6 to 8 tidal cycles (or 3 to 4 days). 9. The residence time of stagnant pollutants - A particle was found to have a net drift of about 3000 feet per tidal cycle southward. A net inflow of about 2 X 104 feet per tidal cycle per foot width was found to be associated with this net drift. In this case, the maximum residence time of the water body between the two inlets would be about 14 days. (Chiu et al. 1970) 10. Salinity variations in Lake Worth correspond closely to the seasonal variations in the fresh water inflow. The importance of groundwater inflow is illustrated by the salinity of 34 ppt during April, 1975 at Southern Boulevard Bridge compared to the ocean salinities of 36 ppt and higher when other freshwater sources were negligible. Salinity profiles along the length of Lake Worth (on 9/18/74) show a minimum of halfway between the two inlets. North of the West Palm Beach Canal, the salinity distribution oscillates over a distance approximately equal to the tidal excursion. Vertical salinity stratification is most pronounced south of the West Palm Beach Canal. (J. van de Kreek et al. 1976 11. Friction factor (F) values in Lake Worth varied from 0.002 in the wider and deeper parts to 0.017 in the constrictions. The values of the friction factors are higher than the often recommend literature value F = 0.0025. A simplified one-dimensional analytical model yielded an overall friction factor of F = 0.017. The reason for these high values is the irregular bathymetry, in particular the constrictions, leading to a three-dimensional flow pattern (J. van de Kreeke et al. 1976). Figure 5 presents a summary of Lake Worth Lagoon's hydrologic characteristics. Data presented on the map include: tidal amplitudes (feet) and tidal phases (hours) relative to the Lake Worth pier in the Atlantic Ocean; average tidal velocity for flood and ebb tides (feet/second); tidal flow or discharge flow (feet/second); volume of water (feet); salinity measurements of tidally averaged salinity and measured high and low tide salinities (parts per thousand); salinity measurements averaged for dry and wet seasons (parts per thousand); and friction factors as determined from a hydrological model of Lake Worth (Van de Kreeke et.al, 1976). The sources used to compile this information are: Area Planning Board of Palm Beach County, 1979; Bishop, W. M. Consulting Engineers and Area Planning Board of Palm Beach County, 1974; Bruun, P., I Battjes, T. Chiu, and J. Purpura, 1966; Chiu, T., J. van de Kreeke, and R. Dean, 1970; Florida Department of Environmental Regulation Southeast Florida District Branch Office, Port St. Lucie, Fla. Lake Worth Basin Water Quality Assessment for fiscal years 1985 and 1990. - water quality data; South Florida Water Management District, West Palm Beach, Florida -water flow data from 1985 - 1990 for the Earman River (C-17), West Palm Beach Canal (C-51), and the Boynton Canal (C-16); Schneider, J., 1973; University of Florida, 1971; van de Kreeke, J., J. Wang, R. Rehrer,and M. Roessler, 1976; van de Kreeke, J., and I Wang, 1978. A comprehensive circulation study of the entire Lake Worth Lagoon has not been done. Accordingly, flow directions, the extent of tidal flushing influences, and the quantities of water exchanged through the inlets have not been documented. -17- LEGEND 0 TIDAL AMPLITUDES AND PHASES XX/ RELATIVE TIDAL AMPLITUDES = AMPLITUDE IN LAGOON/AMPLITUDE IN OCEAN (L.W. PIER) /XX PHASE LAG = (HOURS) WITH RESPECT TO OCEAN TIDE AT L.W. PIER AAVERAGE TIDAL VELOCITY = FLOOD TIDE/EBB 71DE (FT./SEC.) DIRECTION El TIDAL FLOW OR DISCHARGE FLOW IN CUBIC FEET PER SECOND (CFS) A BASED ON DISCHARGE (WPB CANAL 948 CFS, BOYNTON CANAL 0 CFS, OCEAN TIDE RANGE 3.6 Fr.) B BASED ON DISCHARGE (WPB CANAL 1170 CFS, BOYNTON CANAL 24 CFS, OCEAN TIDE RANGE 3.4 FT.) C BASED ON DISCHARGE (WPB CANAL 228 CFS, BOYNTON CANAL 200 CFS, OCEAN TIDE RANGE 2.1 FT.) D NO FRESH WATER INFLOW EF FRESH WATER INFLOW 1500 CFS FROM THE WPB CANAL (C-51) GH I MEAN DISCHARGE BASED ON 1971-1976 FLOW, FROM AREA PLANNING BOARD OF PALM BEACH COUNTY, 1979 - PALM BEACH COUNTY 208 AREAWIDE WASTE TREATMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN WATER VOLUME IN CUBIC FEET (CUF) ADF NO FRESH WATER INFLOW BCEG FRESH WATER INFLOW 1500 CFS FROM THE WPB CANAL (C-51) H I FROM AREA PLANNING BOARD OF PALM BEACH COUNTY. 1979 - PALM BEACH COUNTY 208 AREAWIDE WASTE TREATMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN SALINITY IN PARTS PER THOUSAND (PPT) A TIDALLY AVERAGED SALINITY/MEASURED HIGH TIDE SALINITY/MEASURED LOW TIDE SALINITY, MEASURED ON 9/18/74, FROM J. VAN DE KREEKE AND OTHERS, 1976. FIG. E2, PAGE 36 8 AVERAGE DRY SEASON/AVERAGE WET SEASON FROM THE FLORIDA DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATION - PORT ST. LUCIE OFFICE, LAKE WORTH BASIN ASSESSMENT SURVEYS 1985 AND 1990. AVERAGE SALINITIES WERE CALCULATED FROM MIDDEPTH SAMPLES COLLECTED DURING AN OUTGOING TIDE ON 11/5/84, 2/4/85. 5/1&2/85, 8/12/85, 12/13/89, 3/22/90 AND 6/4/90. THE FLOW DIRECTION VALUES ARE BASED ON 852 FEET3 /SECOND FLOW FROM THE WPB CANAL (C-51). THE RESIDENCE TIME IS THE TIME TAKEN TO REMOVE THE ACCUMULATED VOLUME OF FRESH WATER FROM THE LAGOON. THIS IS THE AREA OF MINIMUM CURRENT ACTIVITY AND MINIMUM MIXING WHERE THE TIDES PROPAGATING THROUGH THE TWO INLETS MEET AT THE TIDAL DIVISION LINE. TIDAL DATA SHOWS THAT THERE IS A CONSIDERABLE OVERLAPPING BETWEEN THE TWO INLETS AND THAT THE LAKE WORTH INLET INFLUENCES THE WATER LEVELS IN THE LAKE TO A GREAT EXTENT. BASED ON WEEKLY SURFACE WATER SAMPLES AT HIGH AND LOW WATER FROM 1/75 12/75. 10EX = 10 x Palm Beach County LAKE WORTH LAGOON D&M JOB NO. Department of 20335-001-049 ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES HYDROLOGIC AND HYDRAULIC I*MANAGEMENT CHARACTERISTICS 5-A 1.00/0.81 Iti IF LITTLE LAKE WORTH V@ 18 35/29.3 34.8/28 0.77/0,40 0 MUNYON\ ISLAND 0 i MEAN DISCHARGE 0 1:2 C-17 CANAL z 66.5 CFS A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .LITTLE C, EARMAN RIVER (C- MUNYON 0 N) 32.8/24 ISLAND P:lm Beach County D partment of LAKE WORTH LAGOON 0 1000 2000 D&M JOB NO. ENVIRONMENTAL 20335-001-049 RESOURCES HYDROLOGIC AND HYDRAULIC SCALE FIGURE ItMANAGEMENT I CHARACTERISTICS (FEET) 5-B MEAN DISCHARGE C-17 CANAL .5 CFS A Ap UTTLE EARMAN RIVER (C- MUNYON ISIAND 32.8/24 FLOW DATA Lqm 250-- EARMANw`RIVnE0Rw V(#CL-UE1 7) 200 . . . . .................................................I............... . ...... . ........... . ..........................I ......................... ..................................... . ............. ..... ... ........ ........... . ....... . ..................... 100 . . ............................................ . ........ . ................ ... .... .....-. . .................... 11-11, ............... so . ... ....................... ... .. ..... .. ........... .... ..... ....... .............................................. 0 z Im a A A a A & A A m & A A A a A i i a 6 a , , , , I , I. . . . . . . . . . >q 19" 111407 low 1909 l9w --I 0 0 0 36/29.7 BLUE HERON BRIDGE MEAN TIDAL RANGE 15 2.7 FEET SINGER ISIAND 0.97/0.82 0 INFLOVI/TIDAL CYCLE 6.3 X 1 E8 OUTFL@W/TIDAL CYCLE 6.2 X 1 OE8 m 0 X A PEANUT ISLAND LAKE WORTH INLETM -n 36.8/27.7 X H Q PORT OF PALM BEACH 8 MEAN TIDAL RANGE IS 2.6 FEET B 0 SPRING TIDAL RANGE IS 3.1 FEET INFLOW/ IDAL CYCLE X 10EB -4 0 OUTFLOW IDAL CYCL 6.45 @ 10E8 ;0 p 0.93/0.50 0 LAKE WO TH INLET ANNUAL NJ EBB FILO VOLUME 4224 9 10EB B 34/36/31 Bf P Im Beech County D&M JOB NO. D:parbnent of LAKE WORTH LAGOON 0 1000 2000 20335-001-049 ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES HYDROLOGIC AND HYDRAULIC SCALE FIGURE ItMANAGEMENT I CHARACTERISTICS I (FEET) 5-C B B' 34/36/31 -n 0 z -n 0 33/35.5/30 34.5/24.3 32/35/28 B z A CROSS SECTION 1.0 AVERACE TIDAL VELOCITY .8 0.98/0.45 MA MUM FLOW 3.5 x I OE4 CFS 2.9 X 1 OE4 CFS 0 z -n > P LA 0.91/0.42 FLAGLER MEMORIAL BRIDGE -n z A CLEAR L4KE 30.5/33.5/27.5 MA MU@ 3 .5 X I .9 X 1 27 CLE R ti__@E@_ Palm Beach County Department of LAKE WORTH LAGOON 0 1000 2000 D&M JOB NO. ENVIRONMENTAL 20335-001-049 RESOURCES HYDROLOGIC AND HYDRAULIC SCALE FIGURE ItMANAGEMENT _I CHARACTERISTICS (FEET) 5-D A CLEAR 0 IAKE 30.5/33.5/27.5 z 0 33.8/21.3 0.91/1.38 ROYAL PARK BRIDGE 28.5/32/26 A V,, 0 > z 27/29/24.5 L 0 TIDALLY AVERAGED SALINITY IN THE VICINITY OF THE SOUTHERN BOULEVARD A 0 BRIDGE AND THE DISCHARGE OF THE WEST PALM BEACH CANAL (C-51) 0 30 25- FISHERMAN ISlAND 200 '000 10. wo 6w 5 400 200 0.87/1.EJ8 ON FEN AM WY JM ML wv DEC (WOM J. MW DE KREEXE AM MIERS, IS76) SOUTHERN BOULEVARD BRIDGE MEAN TIOWL RANGE A IS 2.4 Ff E-T PHASE RELATION BETWEEN SALINITY AND WATER LEVELS NEAR THE SOUTHERN BOULEVARD BRIDGE MDCM TIME or WN WAIM F rL W w 26/29/24 30- 25 0 - z 20 NOV 27 28 29 30 DEC 1 2 3 4 57-4 (FROM J. VAN VE XREEXE AM OrMEM. 1276) tA 0 D D @Jl 4@@i A Palm Beach County Department of LAKE WORTH LAGOON 0 1000 2000 D&M JOB NO. ENVIRONMENTAL 20335-001-049 RESOURCES HYDROLOGIC AND HYDRAULIC SCALE FIGURE MANAGEMENT CHARACTERISTICS (FEET) 5-E f A 0 CROSS SECTION AVERAGE TIDAL VELOCITY .9 B -n 0.7 -j L) fM@XIMUM FLOW 0 7 X 10E4 CFS z C-51 FLOW DIRECTION 11 @35 X 1 OE4 CFS -n NORTHWARD 75% (630 CF > S HUNTERS SOUTHWARD 25% (222 CFS@ ISLAND 1 0 C-51 RESIDENCE TIME NORTHWARD 5.26 DAYS SOUTHWARD 8.7 DAYS NET TRANSPORT/ MEAN DISCHARGE TIDAL CYCLE (CUF) C-51 CANAL 33/20 .1 637.4 CFS f 4.36 X 1 OE7 9 74 C 0.88/1.74 WEST PALM BEACH CANAL (C-51) D 46 AVERAGE NET 33/22.3 J1.11 X 10E7 FLOW (CFS) E A F j530 FLOW DATA MEAN ONLY FLOW VALUE IA 12.39 10E7 WP8 CANAL (C-51) 25W 2W . ....... .......... ...... ... .. ........... . ........ ..... ... ...... ..... ............... ......... ..... .............. ................... 44 25/22 . ............... ... ..... ........... ............................. .. ...... ........ ........ . ...... ................................... IBIS @low . .................................... .............................. ..... ....... .. ........... . ...................... . ............... ISLE wo .......... ..... .... . .... .. .. ........... . I ..... ..... ................ ........................ J.... .... .......... ... ... . -AA A 1985 low 1987 to" low low 24/23/25 T 0 z -n 0 24.5/24/25 A E LAKE AVENUE BRIDGE Ef '25 IDGE 0.86/1.88 7 t PaLm Beach County Department of LAKE WORTH LAGOON 0 1000 2000 D&M JOB NO. ENVIRONMENTAL 20335-001-049 RESOURCES HYDROLOGIC AND HYDRAULIC s i FIGURE MANAGEMENT CHARACTERISTICS (F ET) 5-F X 24.5/24/25 A E CY LAKE AVENUE BRIDGE z > 0 x 0.86/1.88 P LAKE WORTH PIER MEAN TIDAL RANGE IS 2.8 FEET SPRING TIDAL RANGE IS 3.3 FEET 1.0/0.0 25/25/25-11 A 7/27.5/@6 0 71DAL DIVISION LINE BETWEEN THE LAKE WORTH INLET AND THE SOUTH LAKE WORTH INLET (UNIV. OF FLA., 1971) 35.5/27, 0 ;0 OCEAN AVENUE BRIDGE ------ P B MAXIM FLOW Q .3 X IOE4 CFS CROSS SECTION 3 X lOE4 CFSi AVERAGE TIDAL VELOCITY C co 0.5 0.3 96 A 29/28/30.5 F Ff PaLm Beach County Department of LAKE WORTH LACOON 0 1000 2000 D&M JOB NO. ENVIRONMENTAL 20335-001-049 RESOURCES HYDROLOGIC AND HYDRAULIC SCAU FIGURE ItMANAGEMENT CHARACTERISTICS I (FEEr) 5-C F F� 0 z 0 A P 0 S UTH LAKE WORTH INLET 0 f1i 31.5/33/30.5 NUAL EBB FLOW I LUME 703.262 X 10E8 35--5-/--2-6-.-3-f THE DIVIDING LINE BETWEEN THE TIDAL AREAS OF LAKE INFLOW/TIDAL CYCLE WORTH AND SOUTH LAKE 0.9 X 1 OE8 WORTH I OUTFLOW/TIDAL CYCLE (BRUNN & OTHERS, 1966) BEER CAN 1.0 X I OE8 ISIAND 0.86/2-15 -2@@ \@@WORTI. SOUTH LA MEAN DISCHARGE 33/33/33 A INLET E lp G AXIM M DISCHARG C- 16 CANAL 0.7 X 10E4 CFS 106.7 CFS INF OW/TIDAL CYCLE 0.84 X 1OE8 BOYNTON CANAL (C-16) 0 FLOW/TIDAL CYCLE 1.08 X IOE8 FLOW DATA 365/2 3 MEAN MLY rLow VALUE SOUTH LAKE WORTH INLET 3w BOYNTON CANAL (C-16) FRICTION FACTOR = 0.005 3M . . . .............................................. . ................ . ................. ... . ................................. SOUTH LAKE WORTH INLET FLOW DIRECTION IN LAGOON 2W . ............... ..........;....... .... .. ................. . .......... ...... ........ .. . ................. . .......................... NORTHWARD - 60% SOUTHWARD - 40% 2w . .......................... .... ...................... . ......... ....... .. ... .... ........ ...... ....... .......... ..... . ...... . ................. . ..... .... ""I". -... ............. . ....... ................................. ... . .. . ...................... ... - - -11, . ....... . ... . ...... .. ............. . ...... ................ ..... ...... ......... .......... ... ... ......... .. .... .. . ....... ... M low IN7 ING im 1"0 OCE AN AVENUE BRIDGE 36/25.7 ' 8 @E Palm Beach County 000 2000 ID&M JOB No. Department of LAKE WORTH LAGOON 0 20335-001-049 ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES HYDROLOGIC AND HYDRAULIC SCALE FIGURE ItMANAGEMENT CHARACTERISTICS (FEET) 5-H 5.6 SEDIMENT CHARACTERISTTCS The sediments of lake Worth Lagoon have been the subject of several studies over the past fifteen years. Sediment samples have been highly variable in the percentages of various grain sizes. Fine to medium sands appear to be the predominant type of sediment in Lake Worth Lagoon. Grain size characteristics, category definitions and grain size data for Lake Worth Lagoon sediments were compiled from the literature and put in tabular form (Appindix 8.2). The grain size data was divided into descriptive categories. The categories are: shell material or gravel, pebble or cobble size particles; shelly sand; sand; silty sand; sandy silt; and silt. Figure 6 depicts the locations of sampling stations utilized in sediment studies and the grain size category of the sample collected at each station. Field observations were used to determine the location of peat deposits or rock outcrops depicted on the map. The studies used to compile data for the map are: Reed, J.K, 1975; Rogers, R. 1970; Rudolph, H., 1989; Schropp, S., and F. Calder, 1989; Tropical Ecosystems Inc., 1983. Distinct geographical distribution of various sediment categories is not indicated by analysis of eidsting data. Shell or gravel sized particles were found only at two locations in the central part of the lagoon that have been heavily altered by dredge and fill activities. Silt sized particles were found only at the northern end of the study area in Little Lake Worth which has been dredged to 7 meters in depth resulting in a siltation basin. Shelly sand, sands, and sandy silt are distributed throughout the study area with greater occurrence of the larger sized particles near and north of the inlets, and greater occurrence of the smaller particles near the C-17 inflow and from the C-51 inflow south to the vicinity of Lake Avenue Bridge. These observations can be logically supported by several hydrological facts: greater tidal energy and flushing near the inlets prevents deposition of fine materials; canal inflows contain large amounts of suspended particles which settle out in the lagoon; tidal influence -18- is most reduced in Lake Worth Lagoon south of the C-51 inflow near Lantana Bridge allowing maximum settlement of suspended particles . Peat deposits occur south of Blue Heron Bridge and south of Hypoluxo Island. Limestone outcrops occur in the vicinity of Lake Worth Inlet, near the islands that are located west of the Town of Palm Beach, and North of Hypoluxo Island. -19- LEGEND @ SHELL MATERIAL, OR GRAVEL, PEBBLE OR COBBLE SIZE PARTICLES > 2mm (-l phi UNITS) SHELLY SAND GREATER THAN 10% SHELL MATERIAL OR PARTICLES > 2mm (-l phi) AND GREATER THAN 10% SAND SIZE PARTICLES RXX SAND PREDOMINANTLY PARTICLES SMALLER THAN A GRANULE AND LARGER THAN A COARSE SILT GRAIN, HAVING A DIAMETER IN THE RANGE OF 0.062mm - 2mm (4 TO -1 phi UNITS) WITH LESS THAN 10% OF PARTICLES LARGER THAN 2mm AND 10% PARTICLES LESS THAN 0.062mm Ig SILTY SAND AN UNCONSOLIDATED SEDIMENT CONTAINING MORE PARTICLES OF SAND SIZE THAN OF SILT SIZE, MORE THAN 10% SILT AND LESS THAN 10% OF OTHER SIZES @g SANDY SILT AN UNCONSOLIDATED SEDIMENT CONTAINING MORE PARTICLES OF SILT SIZE THAN OF SAND SIZE, MORE THAN 10% OF SILT AND LESS THAN 10% OF ALL OTHER SIZES E3 SILT AN UNCONSOLIDATED SEDIMENT CONTAINING MORE THAN 80% SILT SIZE PARTICLES, LESS THAN 12% CLAY AND LESS THAN 20% SAND PEAT AN UNCONSOLIDATED DEPOSIT OF SEMICARBONIZED PLANT REMAINS ROCK A LIMESTONE OUTCROP SOMETIMES UNDERLYING A THIN LAYER OF SEDIMENT xx STATION DESIGNATIONS REFERENCES D# DEIS, D., R. WALESKY, H. RUDOLPH, 1983. FOR PALM BEACH COUNTY AREA PLANNING BOARD - UNPUBLISHED REPORT BY TROPICAL ECOSYSTEMS, INC. LW# RODGERS, R., 1970. U.S.E.P.A. - UNPUBLISHED STUDY OF LAKE WORTH R# RUDOLPH, H., 1989. FLORIDA DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATION, PORT ST. LUCIE OFFICE, BIOLOGY SECTION - UNPUBLISHED REPORT OF LAKE WORTH S# SCHROPP, S. AND F. CALDER, 1989. FLORIDA DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATION, TALLAHASSEE OFFICE, COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT SECTION - UNPUBLISHED STUDY ON LAKE WORTH Palm Beach County D&M JOB NO. Department of LAKE WORTH LAGOON 20335-001-049 ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES SEDIMENT FIGURE I*MANAGEMENT CHARACTERISTICS I I 6-A R773 LITTLE LAKE WORTH S2 Lwl C E F H ra ti A C E G C@l k W LW2 A C LW3 E c) G MUNYON ISLAN S3 0 G H K M S4 A C E LW4 A A S5 EARMAN RIVER (C- 17) MUNYON @) ISLAND Palm Beach County I Department of LAKE WOR TH LAGOON 0 000 2000 D&M JOB NO. ENVIRONMENTAL 20335-001-049 RESOURCES SEDIMENT SCALE FIGURE ItMANAGEMENT CHARACTERISTICS (FEET) 6-B S4 A c E EARMAN RIVER (C - 17) MUNYON S5 is M 0 LW5 R 0 LA v LW6 LW7 LW8 I G E C A S6 BLUE HERON BRIDGE 0 0 SINGER A C E G I K ISLAND LW9 D13 AUG. LW1 08 D13 APRIL LW10A A C PEANUT S7 A D ISLAND LAKE WORTH INLET S9 PPB LWI 1 E FG A D12 AUG. B D&M JOB NO. Department of LAKE WORTH LAGOON 0 1000 2000 20335-001-049 @@'-@"`ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES SEDIMENT SCALE FIGURE MANAGEMENT CHARACTERISTICS (FEET) 6-C B B A C E LW12 LW13 G E C A S9 EJ*, S8 LW14 F E C A LW15 sio G 0 A C E z A C E G I LW16 LW17 A C E G H FLAGLER MEMORIAL BRIDGE A C E CLEAR C mv @UAR' C LAKE Sil Palm Beach County D-ep-artment of LAKE WORTH LAGOON 0 1000 2000 D&ll 1011 0 ENVIRONMENTAL -mmrr9,"- 11 ?1 RESOURCES SEDIMENT SCAU FIGURE MANAGEMENT CHARACTERISTICS (FEET) 6-D CLEAR C ftwwftw-mm@ LAX Sil LW19 E C A ROYAL PARK BRIDGE D10 APRIL D10 AUG.. A C E F LW20 Cn Cn S13 A C E F G I LW21 D9 A LW22 G E C A SOUTHERN BOULEVARD BRIDGE LW23 tz LW24 C@. tn - D@ 24 Beach County D8 of 0 D&M JOB NO. LAKE WORTH LAGOON 1 PO 20PO 20335-001-049 -Eu NVIRONMENTAL SCALE FIGURE RESOURCES SEDIMENT MANAGEMENT CHARACTERISTICS (FEET) 6-E Dt D8 A C E G LW25 s 14 IPJT@@TERS ISLAND 1 A C E G I i D7 LW26 D6 LW27 WEST PALM BEACH CANAL (C-51) D S15 LW28 D5 S16 ]SZE: LW29 A C E G D4 D3 E C A LW30 LW31 E LAKE AVENUE BRIDGE A C IRIDG4@@@T * Patm Beach County &M JOB NO. Department of LAKE WORTH LAGOON 0 1000 2000 D ENVIRONMENTAL 20335-00-049 RESOURCES SEDIMENT SCAU FIGURE MANAGEMENT CHARACTERISTICS (FEET) 6-F LW31 E LAKE AVENUE BRIDGE A El D2 A C E G I K L LW32 LW33 G E C A S17 - 01 LW34 LW35 E C A OCEAN AVENUE BRIDGE S18 z E C A LW36 F rl A F Palm Beach County D&M JOB Department Of LAKE WORTH LAGOON 0 1000 2000 NO. ENVIRONMENTAL 1 20335-001-049 RESOURCES SEDIMENT sCMz FIGUM WMANAGEMENT CHARACTERISTICS (FE]rr) 6-G N I F P LW37 A C E LW38 LW39 0 0 H E C A BEER R784 A ISIA E LW40 SOUTH LAKE WORTH INLET S21 BOYNTON CANAL (C-16) C A LW41 S20 OCEAN AVENUE BRIDGE Palm Beach county Department 41, LAKE WORTH LAGOON 0 10010 2000 D&M JOB NO. 20335-00-049 ENVIRON I RESOURCES SEDIMENT SCALE FIGURE MANAGEMENT CHARACTERISTICS (FErr) 6-H 5.7 POINT AND NON-POINT SOURCE QUITALLS Point source discharges to Lake Worth Lagoon have been greatly reduced in recent years. During the 1950's, an estimated ten million gallons per day (MGD) of raw sewage was discharged resulting in extensive bacterial and nutrient pollution. By 1970, seven major waste water treatment plants had been constructed, discharging 18.49 MGD of secondarily treated sewage effluent. The volume was reduced to 2.98 MGD by 1984, largely as a result of the National Pollution Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) program administered by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. According to the Florida Department of Environmental Regulation, three waste water treatment plants currently discharge a total of approximately 2.36 MGD of secondarily treated sewage effluent to the Lake Worth watershed (personal communication, DER, October, 1990). The plants with discharge are as follows: Seacoast Utilities North Palm Beach Waste Water Treatment Plant design capacity - 4.85 MGD yearly average discharge (10/89 - 9/90) - 2.11 MGD Maisonettes South Inc. Condominium Waste Water Treatment Plant design capacity - 0.1 MGD Wellington Arms Condominium Waste Water Treatment Plant design capacity - 0.15 MGD The Seacoast Utilities North Palm Beach Waste Water Treatment Plant is scheduled to take their discharge off line in December, 1990. -20- The Florida Power and Light Company's Riviera Beach Power Plant circulates 282 MGD of cooling water. Ile discharge into the lagoon is approximately ten degrees warmer than the ambient water temperature (Harris et.al, 1983). Federal (NPDES) and state environmental regulations require removal of existing point sources or in some cases retrofit to meet established effluent limits. New point sources must apply 'best technology' and meet stringent discharge standards in order to receive required federal and state permits. While new discharges are not categorically prohibited, the standards which must be met discourage them. Non point source discharges to Lake Worth Lagoon represent a relatively small percentage of the total freshwater inflow but result in a major water quality influence. Most of the surrounding urban areas discharge stormwater runoff directly to the lagoon. A total of 381 stormwater discharge pipes along the Lake Worth Lagoon shoreline were identified in the course of this study. A summary of the outfall sizes is presented in Table 3. TABLE 3 Drainage Outfall Diameter Non-Point Source Ouffalls Number of Outfalls small (<24') 57 medium (> 24" - 4T) 28 large (> 48!) 33 undetermined 263 Total 381 A great number of the drainage systems which discharge to Lake Worth Lagoon were constructed prior to the advent of regulations which require passive treatment components to be designed into the system prior to discharge. The impact of stormwater pollution on -21- water quality in Lake Worth is apparent in the overall Trophic State Index water quality rating at the lower end of the good range. Since point sources have been greatly reduced in recent years, it is reasonable to conclude that stormwater runoff is the major source of water quality pollution. Stormwater runoff from urban areas contains high levels of metals, nutrients, suspended solids, and oils and greases. Degraded water quality in turn increases biochemical oxygen demand and adversely impacts fish, wildlife and recreational resources. State and local regulations require new stormwater drainage systems to be constructed and operated in accordance with design and performance standards which result in some treatment of drainage water prior to discharge. Existing outfalls however, are not required to retrofit. In recognition of the water quality impacts of stormwater discharges, the City of West Palm Beach has included a provision in its comprehensive plan to create a stormwater utility sometime during the 1990's when the city's population reaches 100,000. If the plan is implemented, stormwater runoff will be treated in a utility prior to discharge. Stormwater utilities, retrofit requirements, and improved design of stormwater treatment systems are initiatives which must be undertaken in order to reduce the water quality impacts of stormwater discharges. The locations of major discharge points are indicated on Figure 7. Outfall locations were obtained from Municipal Comprehensive Plans, the Riviera Beach Development of Regional Impact Document and field observations. Outfall sizes were noted when the information was included in Comprehensive Plans. The sizes of the outfalls were designated as small (<24 inch diameter), medium (24 - 48 inch diameter), large (>48 inch diameter), unknown size, and point sources (waste water treatment plants and electric power plants). -22- LEGEND OUTFALL SIZE 0 SMALL (< 24" DIAMETER) 9 MEDIUM 24"-47" DIAMETER) 0 LARGE 46' DIAMETER) e POINT SOURCE 0 UNDETERMINED DIAMETER Palm Reach County D&M JOB NO. Department of LAKE WORTH LAGOON 20335-001-049 ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES POINT AND NONPOINT FIGURE ItMANAGEMENT SOURCE OUTFALLS A LITTLE LAKE WORTH 0 0 MUNYON ISLAND SEACOAST UTILITIES 0 wwrP A - LITTLE A EARMAN RIVER (C - 17) MUNYON PalmjBeach County 0 ISLkND Department of LAKE WOJ?TH LAGOON 0 1000 2000 D&M JOB NO. ENVIRONMENTAL 20335-001-049 RESOURCES POINT AND NONPOINT SCALE FIGURE MANAGEMENT SOURCE OUTFALLS (FEET) 7-B A --U-TTLE A EARMAY RIVER (C- 17) MUNYON 0 ISLAND @36" 30" 0 BLUE HERON BRIDGE 6" 0 12" SINGER 60" 12" ISLAND 0 2,C 0 PROPOSED 0 6T PEANUT ISLAND LAKE WORTH INLET 66" FPL ELECTRIC e POWER PLANT DISCHARGE 42" PROPOSED B B 066" PROPOSED 17@ @n t Palm Beach County Department of LAKE WORTH LAGOON 0 1000 2000 D&M JOB NO. ENVIRONMENTAL 20335-001-049 RESOURCES POINT AND NONPOINT SCAU FIGURE MANAGEMENT SOURCE OUTFAUS (FEET) 7-C 42" PROPOSED B 666" PROPOSED 60" 0i 01 66" 0 60" PROPOSED PROPOSED WPBWWT @54 P OVERFLOW 7Z* PROPOSED 0 36" 54" 72" 62" PROPOSED PROPOSED 24" FLAGLER MEMORIAL BRIDGEP P30- @60" PROPOSED CLEAR 0Er C 48" C$ LAKE 36" Q CLE 6 C Palm Beach County 48" D&M JOB NO. Department of LAKE WORTH LAGOON 0 1000 2000 20335-001-049 AkENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES POINT AND NONPOINT SCALE FIGURE WMANAGEMENT SOURCE OUTFAUS (FEET) 7-D CLEAR @4 C - - ------- 4 LAKE f48- 6" ROYAL PARK BRIDG ROPOSED 4-30" OUTFALLS 0@2-48' OUTFALLS 4-30: OUTFALLS 2-48 OUTFALLS 90 042- 1 �r--l PROPOSED 36" FISHERMAN ISIAND 54" SOUTHERN BOULEVARD BRIDGG 78" PROPOSED 0 48" 60" PROPOSED 46' IV Pal:"tftsch County Depa out )f LAKE WORTH LAGOON 0 1000 2000 D&M JOB NO. 20335-001-049 ENVIRONMENTAL .1 RESOURCES POINT AND NONPOINT SCAU FIGURE MANAGEMENT SOURCE OUTFAUS (FEE ) I 7-E T)l 48" PROPOSEDf HUNTERS 1 ISLAND 0 i n bl, WEST PALM BEACH CANAL (C-51) 0@ 0 @ "V11 0 q, c,B 0-1 ISLE 0 0 P 10 E LAKE AVENUE BRIDGE @0 Palm Beach County Department of LAKE WORTH LAGOON 0 1000 2000 D&M JOB NO. ENVIRONMENTAL 20335-001-049 RESOURCES POINT AND NONPOINT SCALE FIGURE ItMANAGEMENT SOURCE OUTFALLS (FEET) I I 7-F E IAKE AVENUE BRIDGE 0 OCEAN AVENUE BRIDGE ------------- F F I TE- @0 @O Palm Beach County Department of LAKE WORTH LAGOON 0 1000 2000 D&M JOB NO. ENVIRONMENTAL 20335-001-049 RESOURCES POINT AND NONPOINT SCAM FIGURE MANAGEMENT SOURCE OUTFALLS (FEET) 7-G F F9 BEER CAN ISLAND Ql@ SOUTH LAKE WORTH INLET MAISONETTES SOUTH INC. CONDO BOYNTON CANAL (C- 16) WwTP WELLINGTON ARMS CONDO WVTP OCEAN AVENUE BRIDGE Palm Beach County D&M 1011 NO, Department of LAKE WORTH LACOON 0 1000 2000 20335-001-049 ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES POINT AND NONPOINT SCALE FIGURE -H ItMANAGEMENT I SOURCE OUTFAUS (FEET) 7 SA SHORELINE CHARACTERISTICS Most of the Lake Worth Lagoon shoreline has been altered by dredging, filling, and bulkhead construction (see Figure 1). Between 1940 and 1975, an estimated 87% of shoreline mangroves were eliminated by shoreline development (Harris et.al, 1983). The ecological value of mangrove communities has been well documented in the scientific literature. Mangrove communities provide habitat for marine organisms, protect shorelines from erosion, and enhance water quality by acting as natural filters. Detrital material produced by mangroves is the basis of the food chain for South Florida's marine and estuarine ecosystems. Currently only about 19% of the shoreline (including islands) has fringing mangroves. Bulkheads have been constructed on approximately 65% of the shoreline (including canals). The linear extent of major shoreline types is presented on Table 4. TABLE 4 SHORELINE CHARACTERISTICS SHORELINE TITE LINEAR bULES PERCENTAGE OF SHORELINE Bulkhead 55.3 60 Bulkhead with Rip-Rap 4.1 4.5 ReveMent Natural Shorefine(Unvagetated) 8.2 9 Rock 0.6 .5 Rip Rap Revetment 3.5 4 Exotic Vegetation 2.5 3 Mangrove 17.3 19 TOTAL 91.5 100 *Includes connected canals. Shoreline characteristics are depicted on Figure 8. The shoreline was divided into six categories; seawall revetment, rip-rap revetment, natural unvegetated shoreline, rock, mangrove vegetation, and exotic vegetation. The initial map was plotted from 1989 "Redi" o aerial pho tographs. Field observations were used to ground truth the aerial ph tographs and plot shoreline characteristics. -23- LEGEND ociocio BULKHEAD AAAA& NATURAL SHORE a a 13 a13 ROCK RIP-RAP REVETIVIENT &AAA& MANGROVES(Rhizophora mangle - RED MANGROVE. Avicennia germinans - BLACK MANGROVE, Lagunculaft racemosa - WHITE MANGROVE) meson EXOTIC VEGETATION (Casuarina equistifolia - AUSTRALIAN PINE, Schinus terebinthifolius BRAZILIAN PEPPER, Thespesia populnea CORK TREE) Palm Beach County D&M JOB NO. XAI@N Department of LAKE WORTH LAGOON 20335-001-049 ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES SHORELINE FIGURE WMANAGEMENT CHARACTERISTICS 8 -A LITTLE LAKE WORTH Ul MUNYO 7:J ISIX A LITTLE A BARMAN RMR (C-17) MUNYON ISLAND Palm Beach County Department of LAKE WORTH LAGOON 0 1000 2000 D&M JOB NO. ENVIRONMENTAL 1 20335-001-049 RESOURCES SHORELINE SCAIZ FIGURE LtMANAGEMENT CHARACTERISTICS (FEET) 8-B A LITTLE A' EARMAN RIVER (C-17) MUNYON VLAND BLUE HERON BRIDG SINGER ISIAND PEANUT ISLAN LAKE WORTH INLET was z a B Palm Beach County D&M JOB NO. Department of LAKE WORTH LAGOON 0 1000 2000 20335-001-049 ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES SHORELINE SCALE FIGURE IWMANAGEMENT CHARACTERISTICS (FEET) 8-C B Bl z 0-4 FLAGLER MEMORIAL BRIDG C CLEAR LAKE nQ 'j --@"j @LER E Pap Beach County Department of LAKE WORTH LAGOON 0 1000 2000 Dkll 10B NO. 1 20335-001-049 4@ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES SHORELINE SCAU FIGURE M, CHARACTERISTICS (FEET) MANAGEMENT 8-D ct CLEAR C LAKE ROYAL PARK BRIDGE FISHERMAN ISLAND SOUTHERN BOULEVARD BRIDGE R 7E@ e Palm Beach County D&M JOB NO. Department of LAKE WORTH LAGOON 0 1000 20 20335-001-049 RESOURCES SHORELINE SCAU FIGURE MANAGEMENT CHARACTERISTICS (FEET) 8-E ENVIRONMENTAL I I D 09 HUNTERS 0 0 ISLAND 00 Jb 'WEST PALM BEACH CANAL (C-51) . ... ........ IBIS ISLE 0 Q mom E E LAKE AVENUE BRIDG E D\ LF CA, AL @(C-5@11@ Patm Beach County Department of LAkE WORTH LAGOON 0 1000 2000 D&M JOB NO. ENVIRONMENTAL 20335-001-049 RESOURCES SHORELINE SCAU FIGURE ItMANAGEMENT CHARACTERISTICS (FEET) 8-F E LAKE AVENUE BRIDG OCEAN AVENUE BRIDGE A F F Palm Beach County e,DePartment of LAKE WORTH LACOON 0 1000 200jO@ D&M JOB NO. ,1 20335-001-049-1 ENVIRONMENTAL R I ESOURCES SHORELINE SCALE FIGURE CHARACTERISTICS (FEET) 8-C F F$ BEER CAN ISLAND SOUTH LAKE WORTH INLET BOYNTON CANAL (C- 16) OCEAN AVENUE BRIDGE 00 Palm Beach county LAKE D&M JOB NO. Department of WORTH LAGOON 0 1000 2000 ENVIRONMENTAL i @-M@ 20335-001-049 RESOURCES SHORELINE SCAU FIGURE WMANAGEMENT CHARACTERISTICS (FEET) 8-H 5.9 SUBMERGED NATURAL RESOURCES Submerged bottom resources in Lake Worth Lagoon include seagrass beds, macro algae, oyster habitat, corals and sponges. Seagrasses first became established in Lake Worth Lagoon when the system was converted from freshwater to marine due to the influences of permanent inlets. Seagrasses reportedly have never been abundant (Harris et. al., 1983). In general, seagrasses are most abundant and dense in shallow areas and in areas which maintain good water clarity due to sheltering or tidal flushing. Six species of seagrasses are known to occur in Lake Worth Lagoon. Turtle grass, Thalassia testudinum is capable of forming dense beds. Shoal grass, Halodule wrightii is most tolerant of temperature and salinity changes. Manatee grass, Syringodium filifortne mixes with other species in small beds. Halophila engelmanni and Halophild johnsond and Halophild decipiens populate deeper areas. In Lake Worth Lagoon, Halodule wrighth is the most abundant species of seagrass in terms of area coverage, and occurs primarily in shallow areas. Thalassia and Syringodium are found infrequently, and are most abundant in the north end of the lagoon. Halophild engelmwmi was observed in a single occurrence in North Lake Worth Lagoon. Seagrass communities can be found throughout Lake Worth Lagoon. The highest concentrations of seagrass communities are located in the northeast lagoon area and in the vicinities of the Lake Worth and South Lake Worth Inlets. In northeast Lake Worth Lagoon extensive turtle grass and shoal grass communities exist in the area east of the Intracoastal Waterway between Palm Beach Isles and Big Munyon Island. The greatest abundance of manatee grass is located in the vicinity of Lake Worth Inlet. The areas north of Lake Worth Inlet, south of South Lake Worth Inlet, and in the vicinity of the Bingham Islands contain significant communities of mixed Halophild and Halodule. -24- Species of macro algae also become attached to the bottom or form drifting mats. Seagrass and macro algal communities are very important habitat for many marine species. Their continued survival in Lake Worth Lagoon is dependent upon protection from direct impacts and maintenance of good water quality. Table 5 is a quantitative summary of seagrass coverage in Lake Worth Lagoon. Of the total 2110 acre area of seagrass coverage, Halodule Wghid is the dominant seagrass comprising 1010 acres (51%). Halophila johnsonii and Halophila decipiens are second in abundance covering 555 acres (25%). Mixed assemblage of all three species comprise 380 acres (19%). Other species of seagrass comprise only 65 acres (3%). TABLE 5 SEAGRASS COVERAGE SPECIES ESTIMATED ACRES OF PERCENT OF TOTAL ACRES OF COVERAGE SEAGRASS Halode Wrightii, Shoal Grass 585 28% Halophila decpipiens, Paddle Grass 450 20% Halopha johnsond, Johnson's Seagrass Mixed Halodule and Halophila sp. 285 15% Syringodium filiforme, Manatee Grass 30 1% Thalassia restudinum, Turtle Grass 35 2% Attached Macro-Algal Species 40 2% Mixed Halodule wrightii and Attached 425 23% Macro-Algal Species Mixed Halodule Species and Attached 105 5% Macro-Algal Species Mixed Halodule , Halophild Species 95 4% and Attached Macro-Algal Species Total - All Species 2110 (2110 acres= apprcximately 35% of the total submerged area of Lake Worth Lagoon) -25- While not as abundant as seagrass communities, other types of bottom resources including oyster bars, corals and sponges also provide important habitat functions for marine organisms. Oyster bars can be found in the vicinity of John D. MacArthur State Recreation Area, in the vicinity of the Bingham Islands and at the north end of Hypoluxo Island. Corals and sponges are limited in occurrence to areas within close proximity to the inlets. The submerged bottom resources inventory is presented on Figure 9. Field observations were made of the distribution of seagrasses, macro algae, oyster habitat, corals and sponges. Observations were made by snorkeling, use of an underwater viewer, and sample collections with a sharp tined double edged thatching rake. The results of additional surveys which have been conducted for dredge and fill project evaluation were included on the map. Combinations of species of seagrasses or algae are coded as mixed assemblages. Attached macro algal species include; Caulerpa species (C sertularibides, C prolifera, C me-xicana), Udotea sp., Penicillus sp., Halimeda sp., Dictyota sp., Padina sp., Hypnea sp., Acanthophora spicifera. Oyster habitat includes Crassostrea species (C virginica, C rhizophorae). Coral species include; Siderastrea sp., Porites sp., Monastrea sp., Oculina sp., Leptogorgia setacea species of sponge include; Cliona sp. and Spheciospongia vesparium. During field studies ERM observed a conspicuous absence of seagrasses on a shallow sand bar north of Munyon Island and in shallow areas north and south of the C-51 Canal. Exact causes are unknown, but may be related to sediment characteristics or inadequate water quality resulting from the effects of canal discharges and/or poor tidal flushing. -26- LEGEND Halodule wrightii SHOAL GRASS Halophila decipiens PADDLE GRASS Holophila johnsonii JOHNSON'S SEAGRASS 1959i3MIXED Halodule wrightii AND Halophila SPECIES Syringodiurn filiforme MANATEE GRASS Thalassia testudinurn TURTLE GRASS ATTACHED MACRO - ALGAL SPECIES - INCLUDES: Caulerpa SPECIES (C. sertularioides, C. prolifera, C. mexicana), Udotea sp., Penicillus sp., Halimeda sp., Dictyota sp., Padina sp., Hypnea sp., Acanthophora spicifera MIXED Halodule wrightii AND ATTACHED MACRO - ALGAL SPECIES MIXED Halophila SPECIES AND ATTACHED MACRO - ALGAL SPECIES Moo MIXED Holodule wrightii, Holophila SPECIES AND ATTACHED MACRO - ALGAL SPECIES FiVXCrassostrea SPECIES (C. virginica, C. rhizophorea) OYSTER BAR @CORALS (Siderastrea sp., Porites sp., Monastrea sp., Oculina sp., unidentified sp. SEA WHIP), AND SPONGES (Cliona sp. BORING SPONGE, Spheciospongic vesparium LOGGERHEAD SPONGE) * Palm Beach County D&M JOB NO. Department of LAKE WORTH LAGOON 20335-001-049 ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES SUBMERGED FIGURE MANAGEMENT NATURAL RESOURCES 9-A LITTLE LAKE WORTH 0 a 08 +++ 0 io+-O@>@, ++A 0@ ++.+ it x ++ x I., + xxx-xxx 0+ 0 X... X" X0 XXX 0 XX a 0 man 0+ + + + +++ 0 + 0 0 0 00 00 00 a 0* 00000 MUNYO ISLAN& 0 0 00 +0 0 + ++ r, eo,+ ++ +++- +++ +0? ++++++ + 00 0 +++++ +i+ + + ++ + ++ 00 ++++ ++++ +++++++00,Q)o 0-P .. t ++ +++ +++ + ++ + -+ + ++ +++ +++++@O,& 29 + 0 0 + + + +++ ++ + ++@++ + L 00 0-0 +++++ ++++++-g + + +-+ +++ A 0 0 + A 00,+ +4+@+++l++; wo ++ + + +0 4,1 EARMAN RIVER (C-17) 0 0 + ++ ++ %A +++++ ++ 0 ++++ @+t+ QA Palm Beach County Department of LAKE WORTH LAGOON 0 1000 2000 D&M JOB NO. ENVIRONMENTAL 20335-001-049 RESOURCES SUBMERGED SCAM FIGURE ItMANAGEMENT NATURAL RESOURCES (FEET) 9-B ++++ *+ ++ A0++++++++.t++ 0 +++,+++0 0 ++ + + ++o 4! ++++++ +!+++T '0' EARMAN RIVER (C- 17) 0+++:o++ o +++++Iit+ % +++++ 0+++++t+++ 0 00 + ++++++++ +T+A ++++ +++4+++ A ++@ ++++ 00 0++,, *++,a,& 00 0@p, o++ + ++++ ++,^.- o +,%++4,& @+++++ 00ow + 4-4. + + ++++ A00 I! @@++,t+ 0 00.+ ++++@+s ++t@++ + o ++. + &04,P 000 A ++++++4+++++o a03 '++.,++,+++++ 0.+.+@,-+,+++++ + + 13A-++ + + + + ++ cb-0 A- .0 boa 90580 bO + +++ + + + +++@++ +oo 0A006 600 o ++ + + +++ + +++@ + +0 000A ooo++++++++ +++0 gD-000- ++++++++ ++0 0006 @000++,+ ++++,++ ++00 00 00060oo,-+ ++, ++ +++ 0A0++ 000 @,&000 a@@oo- 0 00 F-SO80, 0 0 0 Ro... 0 00 60�40,680 oo oA 0 &A 064 0 0000 0 A b- 0a ovo 00 0130 L 00 0 & 0 0 0 0 A 00SA 00 02P im0000 On nl3'Nb 00 DO-na cloo 130 CIO a 0 13"OT3 0(= 000 %00aA 000 0 0 so0 oonwo 0 o0swoo 0-ow AD 0 moo 0000900 0000 0 0000 00 00013 q,O 13 000 00 000 00000 0, %o 00 00 00) 0 0 BLUE HERON BRIDGE 9,60 0@00 'o, 0 n SINGER 00 CTO 0060 0 a gavo X- ISLAND 0- C5@PQ'00* % ++ Og Ocloo % ++ 013,98Cp _0 *so +t++060EVZ ++0000 + +00 +0 a 0 PEANUT 0OA6 ISLAND0 ODO 130 LAKE WORTH INLET '0 a C3FCC'3 10 a AMOO 00 0 '& 0000 AA& 00 A&&0A- 0 13 0 0& & &0 130%,&a && a 00 & LA O%6A nA Oo?o 06D@ a ++A 0 13 0 -00 B tE. 1@ N A -AA - +-+&& 0-0@)'z +++A +++A cla&'& A @ 00 .'&Agl + 0A +1 I ralln@ 0@op h, 13 A& A Aa && Palm Beach County Department Of LAKE WORTH LAGOON 1000 2000 D&M JOB NO. ENVIRONM @O sm@wl@ 20335-001-049 RESOURCES SCAU FIGURE WMANAGEMENT NATURAL RESOURCES (FEET) 9-C 13.0 A&& 0 ', 4&A 0 0"C' 0,&A @ I 13 "1 @'t 000,@ B 13 'N E* In, A& + 1,3 + + AA x xX@A XX A XX X, X, 06 xX0 x 0 x8x X-.60 XO X0 x x x X0 X0 0 0 0 z 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 X.- - .xx,X X..xx XXwX A X..x 0 0 0 0 FLAGLER MEMORIAL BRIDGE 0 x XX xx x CLEAR A& C LAKE 0 0 4-11 @LEAR 31 CIR Palm Beach County Department of LAKE WORTH LAGOON Ln--ilvvL--?PAfkn- D&M JOB NO. ENVIRONMENTAL 20335-001-049 RESOURCES SUBMERGED ScAlz FIGURE I#MANAGEMENT NATURAL RESOURCES (FEET) c-n mmm =win m m w m w m m CMI, C@ tld:02@jr .%nzon MM J %a 2w tr 0-4 til tid c@ a EVE DES 13130000 M R---Ill C> DID, Dog 000 0013 ou X X XXI X x xx x I x X,, X X txx-"X. > XX 066 0 > Dr sd xx@* x 9P-D 0 X x 0 Dot> xx Q Coo R, Ca CA xxx x x xX xx xxx D' XX. X X x x x XX Ix xx xx ruNTERS '6&kLAND WEST PALM BEACH CANAL (C-51) IBIS ISLE E LAKE AVENUE BRIDGE ALA I.ST PAL@ BE AC. CANAl (C.-51) @@DG 4A P Im Beach county 1000 2000 D&M JOB NO. Upartment If LAKE WORTH LAGOON 0 20335-001-049 ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES SUBMERGED SCAIZ FIGURE ItMANAGEMENT NATURAL RESOURCES (FEET) I 9-F LAKE AVENUE BRIDGE 4A AL &A x XX x x X X, lqx X X x x xx xx X x x x 16X a I 0 Ax 0 'A go.-.X. 0,.x 0 0Xx x XX 0@x 06 C 0, 0 XC A X0 X0 A MO AA x0 XO YO 0 0 0 0 0 XO x x x x x a x x OCEAN AVENUE BRIDGE x ,+ A + 0 + 0 x x x xx xx x 0 ++ 44 0 + + 00 r +0E) +130 F AA- A A v4a P Im Beach County au D.p.A..nt of LAKE WORTH LAGOON 0 1000 2000 D&M JOB NO. ENVIRONMENTAL 20336-001-049 RESOURCES SUBMERGED SCAU FIGURE LWMANAGEMENT NATURAL RESOURCES (FEVr) 9-G Ff F x x x 0 0 g@&AA A-4 + @, wCpb2+* A+ ++ 0 0 00 4+ 'A 0 ++6 A @++A 4+00 +1 +- + +++ 000 + + ++o 13+++ + + 13,-.+'+ ++oo + ++ ++ ++oo ++++ 00 + 0 0+ ++ 13 + +++0 ++ ++00 + + +&SOO&A + + +00 0++ boo &S +++0 0 00 b0oa ++@ ++o 0 00boo&b.@@, + + 0 0000 00 00 :0, + ++o oo 00000&a +++ 00 0 0 0 0 tt 0 + 0 0 0 00 0000 0 o0 0 0+0 0000006 )o +0 0 000c 0 0 ocooo + 00000 0000 0000 0-- oo 0- 0 SOUTH LAKE WORTH 00-0 (3 0 INLET 013 000 00 C] BOYNTON CANAL (C-16) a OCEAN AVENUE BRIDGE @ 0 ib + +-4 o 0 0 000 00 D&M JOB NO. LAKE P 1000 Z000 20335-001-049 'm' WIWI, . . . no SLAU FIGURE MANAGEMENT NATURAL RESOURCES (Fzrr) 9-H 5.10 KNOWN OCCURRENCES OF FISH Several studies of Lake Worth Lagoon's fish populations have been conducted over the past twenty years. Table 6 is a list of 261 fish species which have been collected in Lake Worth Lagoon including fish species found in the vicinity of the inlets. Both resident and transient populations are found in the lagoon, but population sizes as well as timing and nature of utilization by various species are largely unknown. Hedgepeth, 1985 collected the largest number of species during the month of July. While conclusive data documenting the population trends of various fish species in Lake Worth Lagoon are not available, it is clear from review of historical accounts and catch records that commercial and recreational fisheries resources in the lagoon have greatly declined over the past forty years (Harris, et.al, 1983; Lewis et.al, 1985; McCrary et.al, 1985; WPB Fishing Club, 1990; Woodburn, 1961). The most likely reasons for fisheries declines are habitat destruction and water quality degradation which have been documented in other sections of this report. Improperly regulated fish harvesting is probably a contributing factor. Table 7 is a compiled list of the 195 fish species collected in Lake Worth Lagoon. Ile list was phylogenetically arranged and each taxa was assigned a number. Figure 10 depicts the locations of fish collections from Lake Worth Lagoon. The locations of stations or transects where fish were collected during six studies have been plotted on the map. The number codes for fish taxa listed on Table 7 are cited at the appropriate collecting sites. The literature source key includes code letters for each study used and code numbers to identify stations or transects. Included for each of these studies are the methods of collections and the dates the collections were made. The studies used to compile the table and map are: Hedgepeth, M., 1985; Herrema, D., J. Reed, and J. van Montfrans, 1973; Rehrer, R., 1977; Rogers, G.R., 1970; Tropical Ecosystems Inc., 1983; Woodburn, K, 1962. -27- The greatest numbers of fish species have been collected near Munyon Island, northwest of Palm Beach Shores, near Lake Worth Inlet, near Hunters Island and in the vicinity of South Lake Worth Inlet, all areas which contain some of the lagoon's most diverse marine habitats. It must be noted however, that sampling stations and frequencies tended to be more concentrated in those areas. The total number of species collected in Lake Worth Lagoon (195), and in the lagoon including the vicinity of the inlets (261), is comparable to the total for the Loxahatchee River Area where 267 species have been collected (Christensen, 1965), to the Indian River Lagoon where 286 species have been collected (Gilmore et.al, 1981), and to Biscayne Bay where 193 species have been collected (DERM, 1984). -28- TABLE 6 LAKE WORTH FISH INCLUDING FISH FOUND IN THE VICINITY OF INLETS Found in vicinity of inlets T Found throughout Lake Worth Questionable identification (not known to occur in North America, R. Robins - personal communication). FAMILY GENUS, SPECIES COMMONNAME BRANCHIOSTOMIDAE Asymmetron sp. lancelet I Asymmetron lucayanum sharptaff lancelet ORECTOLOBIDAE I Ginglymostoma cirratum nurse shark CARCHARHINIDAE I Carcharhinus brevipinna spinner shark T Carcharhinus leucas bull shark I Carcharhinus limbatus blacktip shark I Carcharhinus obscums dusky shark I Negapfion brevirostris lemon shark SPHYRNIDAE I Sphyma tiburo bonnethead PRISTIDAE I Pristis perotteli largetooth sawfish TORPEDINIDAE I Narcme brasiliensIs lesser electric ray RAJIDAF- I Raja eglantefia cleamose ray DASYATIDAE T Dasyatis ameficana southern stingray T Dasyatis sabina Atlantic stingray T Dasyatis sayi bluntnose stingray T Gymnura micrura smooth butterfly ray MYLIOBATIDAE T Aetobatus nafinari spotted eagle ray T Rhinoptera bonasus cownose ray MOBULIDAE T Manta birostfis Atlantic manta Ouveniles) ELOPIDAE T Elops saurus ladyfish T Megalops atlanticus tarpon ALBULIDAE I Albula vulpes bonefish (rare in Lake Worth) MURAENIDAE I Echidna catenata chain moray T Gymnothorax funebrqis green moray I Gymnothorax moringa spotted moray I Muraena miliarqis goldentail moray I Uropterygius diopus marbled moray OPHICHTHIDAE T Myrophis punctatus speckled worm eel CLUPEIDAE undetermined sp T Brevoortia smithi yellowfin menhaden T Brevoortia tyrannus Atlantic menhaden Harenguld sp. sardine I Harenguld clqupeold false pilchard I Harenguld humeralis redear sardine T Harenguld jaguana scaled sardine I Jenkinsia lamprotaenia dwarf herring Jenkinsia majua little-eye herring T Opisthonerna oglinum Atlantic thread herring T Sardinella aurita spanish sardine ENGRAULIDAE Anchoa sp. anchovy Anchoa cayorum Key anchovy T Anchoa hepsetus striped anchovy Anchoa lamprotaenia longnose anchovy T Anchoa Iyolepis dusky anchovy T Anchoa mitchilli bay anchovy SYNODONTIDAE T Synodus foetens inshore lizardfish I Rachinocephalus myops snakefish CYPRINIDAE T Notropis maculatus taillight shiner ARIIDAE T Ariopsqis felis sea catfish T Bagre marinus gafftopsail catfish BATRACHOIDIDAE T Opsanus beta gulf toadfish ANTENNARIIDAE I Antennarius ocellatus ocellated frogfish T Antennarius scaber splitlure frogfish I Histrio histrio sargassum fish OGCOCEPHALIDAE I Ogcocephalus nasutus shortnose batfish I Ogcocephalus radiatus polka-dot batfish EXOCOETIDAE I Cypselurus heterurus Atlantic flyingfish HEMIRAMPHIDAE I Hemiramphus brasiliensis ballyhoo I Hyporhamphus unifasciatus halfbeak BELONIDAE Strongylura sp. needlefish T Strongy1ura marina Atlantic needlefish T Strongylura notata redfin needlefish T Strongylura timuca timucu T Tylosurus acus agujon CYPRINODONTIDAE T Floridichthys carpio goldspotted killifish T Fundulus confluentus marsh killifish T Fundulus grandis gulf killifish T Rivulus marmoratus rivulus POECILIIDAE T Heterandria formosa least killifish T Poecilia latipinna sailfin molly ATHERINIDAE T Membras martinica rough silverside T Menidia beryllina inland killifish FISTULARIIDAE I Fistularia tabacaria bluespotted cornetfish SYNGNATHIDAE T Hippocampus erectus lined seahorse T Hippocampus zosterae dwarf seahorse Syngnathus sp. pipefish T Syngnathus floridae dusky pipefish T Syngnathus louisianae chain pipefish I Syngnathus pelagicus sargassum pipefish T Syngnathus scovelli gulf pipefish SCORPAENIDAE I Scorpaena bergi goosehead scorpionfish I Scorpaena calcarata smoothhead scorpionfish T Scorpaena grandicomis plumed scorpionfish TRIGLIDAE Prionotus sp. Searobin I Prionotus ophryas bandtail searobin I Prionotus scitulus leopard searobin I Prionotus tibulus bighead searobin CENTROPOMIDAE T Centropomus pectinatus tarpon snook T Centropomus undecimalis common snook SERRANIDAE Alphestes afer mutton hamlet I Diplectrum formosum sand perch T Epinephelus itajara jewfish Epinephelus morio red grouper I Hypoplectrus unicolor butter hamlet I Serranus tigrinus harlequin bass I Serranus tortugarum chalk bass PRIACANTHIDAE I Pristigenys alta short bigeye APOGONIDAE I Apogon binotatus barred cardinalfish I Apogon pseudomaculatus twospot cardinalfish I Apogon xenus sponge cardinalfish I Phaeoptyx pigmentaria dusky cardinalfish POMATOMIDAE T Pomatomus saltatrix bluefish RACHYCENTRIDAE I Rachycentron canadum cobia ECHENEIDAE I Echeneis naucrates sharksucker CARANGIDAE undetermined sp. jack I Alectis ciliaris African pompano I Caranx bartholomaei yellow jack I Caranx crysos blue runner T Caranx hippos crevalle jack T Caranx latus horse-eye jack I Caranx ruber barjack I Decapterus macarellus mackerel scad I Decapterus punctatus round scad Elagatis bipinnulata rainbow runner T Oligoplites saurus leatherjacket I Selar cramenophthalmus bigeye scad T Selene vomer lookdown I Seriola dumerili greater amberjack Trachinotus sp. Trachinotus carolinus Florida pompano T Trachinotus falcatus permit Trachinotus goodei palometa CORYPHAENIDAE I Coryphaena hippurus dolphin LUTJANIDAE I Lutjanus analis mutton snapper T Lutjanus apodus schoolmaster I Lutjanus cyanopterus cubera snapper T Lutjanus griseus mangrove (gray) snapper T Lutjanus synagris lane snapper I Ocyurus chrysurus yellowtail snapper I Rhomboplites aurorubens vermilion snapper LOBOTIDAE T Lobotes surinamensis tripletail GERREIDAE T Diapterus sp. T Diapterus auratus Irish pompano T Diapterus plumieri striped mojarra T Eucinostomus sp. mojarra T Eucinostomus argenteus spotfin mojarra T Eucinostomus gula silver jenny T Eucinostomus harengulus tidewater mojarra I Eucinostomus jonesi slender mojarra T Eucinostomus melanopterus flagfin mojarra T Gerres cinereus yellowfin mojarra Gerres sp. mojarra T Ulaema lefroyi mottled mojarra HAEMULIDAE I Anisotremus virginicus porkfish Haemulon sp. grunt I Haemulon album margate T Haemulon aurolineatum tomtate I Haemulon flavolineatum French grunt I Haemulon macrostomum Spanish grunt T Haemulon parrai sailors choice I Haemulon plumieri white grunt I Haemulon sciurus bluestriped grunt I Haemulon striatum striped grunt T Othopris chrysoptera pigfish SPARIDAE undertermined sp. T Archosargus probatocephalus sheepshead T Archosargus rhomboidalis sea bream I Calamus sp. porgy I Calamus penna sheepshead porgy Diplodus argenteus silver porgy T Diplodus holbrooki spottail pinfish T Lagodon rhomboides pinfish SCIAENIDAE undetermined sp. drum T Bairdiella chrysoura silver perch T Cynoscion arenarias sand seatrout T Cynoscion nebulosus spotted seatrout I Equetus acuminatus high-hat I Equetus lanceolatus jackknife - fish (rare) T Leiostomus xanthurus spot I Menticirrhus americanus southern kingfish T Micropogonias undulatus Atlantic croaker I Odontoscion dentex reef croaker T Pogonias cromis black drum T Sciaenops ocellata red drum I Umbrina coroides sand drum MULLIDAE I Mulloidichthys martinicus yellow goatfish KYPHOSIDAE T Kyphosus sectatrix Bermuda chub EPHIPPIDAE T Chaetodipterus faber Atlantic spadefish CHAETODONTIDAE Chaetodon capistratus foureye butterflyfish I Chaetodon ocellatus spotfin butterflyfish I Chaetodon sedentarius reef butterflyfish (rare) I Chaetodon striatus banded butterflyfish POMACANTHIDAE I Holacanthus bemudensis blue angelfish I Holacanthus ciliaris queen angelfish I Holacanthus tricolor rock beauty I Pomacanthus arcuatus gray angelfish I Pomacanthus paru French angelfish POMACENTRIDAE I Abudefduf saxatilis sergeant major Chromis cyanea blue chromis (rare) Chromis multilineata brown chromis Microspathodon chrysurus yellowtail damselfish (rare) Pomacentrus ? diencaeus (juvenile) longfin damselfish Pomacentrus dorsopunicans dusky damselfish Pomacentrus leucostictus beaugregory Pomacentrus planifrons threespot damselfish Pomacentrus partitus bicolor damselfish Pomacentrus variabilis cocoa damselfish LABRIDAE Bodianus rufus Spanish hogfish Bodianus pulchellus spotfin hogfish (rare) Doratonotus megalepis dwarf wrasse Halichoeres garnoti yellowhead wrasse Halichoeres maculipinna clown wrasse Halichoeres pictus painted wrasse Halichoeres radiatus puddingwife Hemipteronotus novacula pearly razorfish Thalassoma bifasciatum bluehead wrasse SCARIDAE Cryptomus roseus bluelip parrotfish Scarus croicensis striped parrotfish Scarus quacamaia rainbow parrotfish Scarus taeniopterus princess parrotfish Scarus vetula queen parrotfish Sparisoma sp. parrotfish Sparisoma chysopterum redtail parrotfish Sparisoma radians bucktooth parrotfish Sparisoma rubripinne redfin parrotfish Sparisoma viride stoplight parrotfish MUGILIDAE Mugil sp. mullet T Mugil cephalus striped mullet T Mugil curema white mullet T Mugil gaimardianus redeye mullet T Mugil trichodon fantail mullet SPHYRAENIDAE Sphyraena sp. T Sphyraena barracuda great barracuda T Sphyraena borealis northern sennet T Sphyraena picudilla southern sennett POLYNEMIDAE I Polydactylus oligodon littlescale threadfin PISTOGNATHIDAE T Opistognathus maxillosus mottled jawfish CLINIDAE I Acanthemblemaria aspera roughhead blenny I Coralliozetus bahamensis blackhead blenny (rare) I Labrisomus nuchipinnis hairy blenny T Paraclinus fasciatus banded blenny T Paraclinus grandicomis horned blenny I Paraclinus nigripinnis blackfin blenny BLENNIIDAE I Hypleurochilus aequipinnis oyster blenny I Hypleurochilus bermudensis barred blenny T Lupinoblennius nicholsi highfin blenny GOBIIDAE undetermined sp. goby T Bathygobius soporator frillfin goby I Coryphopterus glaucofraenum bridled goby Gobionellus sp. goby T Gobionellus boleosoma darter goby T Gobionellus saepepallens dash goby T Gobionellus smaragdus emerald goby Gobiosoma sp. goby T Gobiosoma bosci naked goby I Gobiosoma gemmatum frecklefin goby* I Gobiosoma longipala twoscale goby I Gobiosoma oceanops neon goby T Gobiosoma robustum code goby T Lophogobius cyprinoides crested goby T Microgobius gulosus clown goby T Microgobius microlepis banner goby ACANTHURIDAE I Acanthurus chirurgus doctorfish I Acanthurus coeruleus blue tang SCOMBRIDAE Scomberomorus cavalla king mackerel Scomberomorus maculatus spanish mackerel Scomberomorus regalis cero STROMATEIDAE I Psenes cyanophrys freckled driftfish BOTHIDAE Bothus sp. flounder I Bothus ocellatus eyed flounder T Citharichthys macrops spotted whiff T Citharichthys spilopterus bay whiff T Paralichthys albigutta gulf flounder Syacium sp. flounder T Syacium micrurum channal flounder T Syacium papillosum dusky flounder SOLEIDAE T Achirus lineatus line sole I Gymnachirus melas naked sole CYNOGLOSSIDAE Symphurus sp. tonguefish T Symphurus arawak Caribbean tonguefish T Symphurus plagiusa blackcheek Tonguefish BALISTIDAE Balistes sp. triggerfish I Canthidermis maculatus rough triggerfish MONACANTHIDAE I Aluterus scriptus scrawled filefish I Cantherhines pullus orange spotted filefish Monacanthus sp. filefish T Monacanthus ciliatus fringed filefish T Monacanthus hispidus planehead filefish OSTRACIIDAE T Acanthostracion quadricomis scrawled cowfish Lactophrys sp. trunkfish I Lactophrys bicaudalis spotted trunkfish T Lactophrys trigonus trunkfish T Rhinesomus triqueter smooth trunkfish TETRAODONTIDAE I Canthigaster rostrata sharpnose puffer Sphoeroides sp. puffer I Sphoeroides dorsalis marbled puffer T Sphoeroides nephelus southern puffer T Sphoeroides spengleri bandtail puffer T Sphoeroides testudineus checkered puffer DIODONTIDAE T Chilomyctetus schoepfi striped burrfish I Diodon histrix porcupinefish TABLE 7 FISH COLLECTED IN LAKE WORTH LAGOON MAP FAMILY COMMON NAME GENUS, SPECIES BRANCHIOSTOMIDAE 1. Asymmetron sp. lancelet 2. Asymmetron lucayanum sharptail lancelet CARCHARHINIDAE 3. Carcharhinus limbatus blacktip shark RAJIDAE 4. Raja eglanteria clearnose ray DASYATIDAE 5. Dasyatis americana southern stingray 6. Dasyatis sabina Atlantic stingray 7. Dasyatis sayi bluntnose stingray 8. Gymnura micrura smooth butterfly ray ELOPIDAE 9. Elops saurus ladyfish MEGALOPIDAE 10. Megalops atlanticus tarpon ALBULIDAE 11. Albula vulpes bonefish OPHICHTHIDAE 12. Myrophis punctatus speckled worm eel CLUPEIDAE 13. undetermined sp 14. Brevoortia smithi yellowfin menhaden 15. Brevoortia tyrannus Atlantic menhaden 16. Harengula sp. sardine 17. Harengula clupeola false pilchard 18. Harengula humeralis redear sardine 19. Harengula jaguana scaled sardine 20. Jenkinsia lamprotaenia dwarf herring 21. Jenkinsia majua little-eye herring 22. Opisthonema oglinum Atlantic thread herring 23. Sardinella avrita spanish sardine ENGRAVLIDAE 24. Anchoa sp. anchovy 25. Anchoa cayorum key anchovy 26. Anchoa hepsetus striped anchovy 27. Anchoa lyolepis dusky anchovy 28. Anchoa mitchilli bay anchovy SYNODONTIDAE 29. Synodus foetens inshore lizardfish 30. Trachinocephalus mypos snakefish CYPRINIDAE 31. Notropis maculatus taillight shiner ARIIDAE 32. Ariopsis felis sea catfish 33. Bagre marinus gafftopsail catfish BATRACHOIDIDAE 34. Opsanus beta gulf toadfish ANTENNARIIDAE 35. Antennarius ocellarus ocellatcd frogfish 36. Histrio histrio sargassum fish 37. Antennaris scaber splitlure frogfish OGCOCEPHALIDAE 38. Ogcocephalus radiatus polkadot batfish 39. Ogcocephalus nasutus shortnose batfish HEMIRAMPHIDAE 40. Hypolhamphus unifasciatus halfbeak BELONGIDAE 41. Strongylura sp. needlefish 42. Strongylura marina Atlantic needlefish 43. Strongylura notaia redfin needlefish 44. Strongylura timuca timucu 45. Tylosurus acus agujon CYPRINODONTIDAE 46. Floridichthys carpio goldspotted killifish 47. Fundulus confluentus marsh killifish 48. Fundulus grandis gulf killifish POECILIIDAE 49. Heterandria formosa least killifish 50. Poecilia latipinna sailfin molly ATHERINIDAE 51. Membra martinica rough silverside 52. Menidia beryllina tidewater silverside FISTULARIIDAE 53. Fistularia tabacaria bluespotted cornetfish SYNGNATHIDAE 54. Hippocampus erectus fined seahorse 55. Hippocampus zosterae dwarf seahorse 56. Syngnathus sp. pipefish 57. Syngnathus floridae dusky pipefish 58. Syngnathus louisianae chain pipefish 59. Syngnathus pelagicus sargassum pipefish 60. Syngnathus scovelli gulf pipefish SCORPAENIDAE 61. Scorpaena bergi goosehead scorpionfish 62. Scorpaena calcarata smoothhead scorpionfish 63. Scorpaena grandicomis plumed scorpionfish TRIGLIDAE 64. Preionotus sp. Searobin 65. Prionotus ophryas bandtail searobin 66. Prionotus scitulus leopard searobin 67. Prionotus tribulus bighead searobin CENTROPOMIDAE 68. Centropomus pectinatus tarpon snook 69. Centropomus undecimalis common snook SERRANIDAE 70. Diplectrum formosum sand perch PRIACANDOE 7L Pristigenys alta short bigeye APOGONIDOE 72. Apogon pseudomaculatus twospot cardinalfish 73. Phaeoptyx pigmentaria dusky cardinalfish POMATOMIDAE 74. Pornatomus saltatrix bluefish CARANGIDAE 75. undetermined sp. jack 76. Carany bartholomaei yellowjack 77. Caranx cuysos blue runner 78. Carany hippos crevalle jack 79. Carany latus horse-eye jack 80. Decapterus macarellus mackerel scad 81. Decapterus punctatus round scad 82. Oligoplites saurus leatherjacket 83. Selene vomer lookdown 84. Seriola sp. amberjack 85. Trachinotus sp. 86. Trachinotus carolinus Florida pompano 87. Trachinotus Falcatus permit CORYPHAENIDAE 88. Coryphaena hippurus dolphin LUTJANIDAE 89. Lutjanus analis mutton snapper 90. Lutjanus apodus schoolmaster 91. Lutjanus griseus mangrove (gray) snapper 92. Lutjanus synagris lane snapper 93. Rhomboplites aurorubens vermilion snapper LOBOTIDAE 94. Lobotes surinamensis tripletail GERREIDAE 95. Diapterus sp. 96. Diapterus auratus Irish pompano 97. Diapterus plumieri striped mojarra 98. Eucinostumus sp. mojarra 99. Eucinostumus argenteus spotfin mojarra 100. Eucinostumus gula silver jenny 101. Eucinostumus harengulus tidewater mojarra 102. Eucinostumus jonesii slender mojarra 103. Eucinostumus melanopterus flagfin mojarra 104. Gerres cinereus yellowfin mojarra 105. Gerres sp. mojarra 106. Ulaema lefroyi mottled mojarra POMADASYIDAE 107. Haemulon sp. grunt 108. Haemulon aurolineatum tomtate 109. Haemulon flavolineatum French grunt 110. Haemulon macrostomum spanish grant ill. Haemulon parrai sailors choice 112. Haemulon sciurus bluestriped grunt 113. Haemulon striatum striped grunt 114. Orthopris chrysoptera pigfish SPARIDAE 115. undertermined sp. 116. Archosargus probatocephalus sheepshead 117. Archosargus rhomboidalis sea bream 118. Calamus sp. porgy 119. Calamus penna sheepshead porgy 120. Diplodus holbrooki spottail pinfish 121. Lagodon rhomboides pinfish SCIAENIDAE 122. undetermined sp. drum 123. Bairdiella chrysoura silver perch 124. Cynoscion arenarios sand seatrout 125. Cynoscion nebulosus spotted seatrout 126. Leiostomus xanthurus spot 127. Menticirrhus americanus southern kingfish 128. Micropogonias undulatus Atlantic croaker 129. Odontoscion dentex reef croaker 130. Pogonias cromis black drum 131. Sciaenops ocellata red drum 132. Umbrina coroides sand drum EPHIPPIDAE 133. Chaetodipterus faber Atlantic spadefish POMACANTHIDAE 134. Pomacuathus arcuatus gray anglefish POMACENTRIDAE 135. Abudefduf saxatilis sergeant major LABRIDAE 136. Halichoeres maculipinna clown wrasse 137. Hemipteronotus novacula pearly razorfish SCARIDAE 138. Cryptomus roseus bluelip parrotfish 139. Sparisoma sp. parrotfish 140. Sparisoma chrysopterum redtail parrotfish 141. Sparisoma radians bucktooth parrotfish MUGILIDAE 142. Mugil sp. mullet 143. Mugil cephalus striped mullet 144. Mugil curema white mullet 145. Mugil gaimardianus redeye mullet 146. Mugil trichodon fantail mullet SPHYRAENIDAE 147. Sphyraena sp. 148. Sphyraena barracuda great barracuda 149. Sphyraena borealis northern sennet 150. Sphyraena picudilla southern sennett POLYNEMIDAE 151. Polydactylus oligodon littlescale threadfin CLINIDAE 152. Paraclinus fasciatus banded blenny BLENNIIDAE 153. Lupinoblennius nicholsi highfin blenny GOBIIDAE 154. undetermined sp. goby 155. Bathygobius soporator frillfin goby 156. Coryphopterus glaucofraenum bridled goby 157. Gobionellus sp. goby 158. Gobionellus boleosoma darter goby 159. Gobionellus smaragdus emerald goby 160. Gobiosoma sp. goby 161. Gobiosoma bosci naked goby 162. Gobiosoma longipala twoscale goby 163. Gobiosoma gemmatum frecklefin goby 164. Gobiosoma robustum code goby 165. Lophogobius cyprinoides crested goby 166. Microgobius gulosus clown goby 167, Microgobius microlepis banner goby NOMEIDAE 168. Psenes cyanophrys freckled driftfish BOTHIDAE 169. Bothus sp. Bounder 170. Bothus ocellatus eyed flounder 171. Citharichthys macrops spotted whiff 171 Citharichthys spilopterus bay whiff 173. Paralichthys albigutta gulf flounder 174. Syacium sp. flounder 175. Syacium micrurum channal flounder 176. Syacium papillosum dusky flounder SOLEIDAE 177. Achirus lineatus line sole CYNOGLOSSIDAE 178. Symphurus sp. tonguefish 179. Symphurus arawak caribbean tonguefish 180. Symphurus plagiusa blackcheek tonguefish BALISTIDAE 181. Balistes sp. triggerfish MONACANTHIDAE 182. Ahuterus scriptus scrawled filefish 183. Monacanthus sp. filefish 184. Monacanthus ciliatus fringed filefish 185. Monacanthus hispidus planehead filefish OSTRACIIDAE 186. Acanthostracion guadricomis scrawled cowfish 187. Lactophrys sp. trunkfish 188. Lactophrys trigonus trunkfish 189. Lactophrys trigueter smooth trunkfish TETRAODONTIDAE 190. Sphoeroides sp. puffer 191. Sphoeroides nephelus southern puffer 192. Sphoeroides spengleri bandtail puffer 193. Sphoeroides testudineus checkered puffer DIODONTIDAE 194. Chilomycterus schoepfi striped burrfish 195. Diodon histrix porcupinefish *Questionable identification (not known to occur in North America) LEGEND DEIS - DEIS. D.. R. WALESKY. H. RUDOLPH. 1983. BENTHIC SAMPLE IN AUGUST 1982. AREA PLANNING BOARD STUDY - UNPUBLISHED MH# - HEDGEPETH. M.. 1985. FLA DNR STUDY - UNPUBLISHED DAY SEINE TRAWLS BIWEEKLY BETWEEN SEPTEMBER 1982 AND AUGUST 1983. OH - HERREMA. 0.. J. REED. AND J. VAN MONTFRANS. 1973. - UNPUBLISHED COLLECTIONS BY ROTENONE. DIP NETS AND SEINE TRAWLS. DAYTIME IN DECEMBER 1972. AND JANUARY 1973 RR# - REHRER. R.. 1977. UNIV. OF MIAMI STUDY - UNPUBUSHED DAY TRAWLS, DAY AND NIGHT GILL NETS COLLECTED DURING MAY AND OCTOBER 1973 AND 1974, AUGUST 1974 AND JANUARY 1975. LW# - ROGERS, R.. 1970. US EPA STUDY - UNPUBLISHED NIGHT TRAWLS COLLECTED BETWEEN JULY 29 AND AUGUST 30. 1970. KW# - WOODBURN, K., 1962. FLA BOARD OF CONSERVATION STUDY UNPUBLISHED COLLECTIONS BY SEINE TRAWLS AND PUSHNETS DAYTIME IN AUGUST 1961. Numbers Correspond To Fish Taxa Listed in Table 7 Palm Beach County D&M JOB NO. Department of LAKE WORTH LAGOON 20335-001-049 ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES KNOWN OCCURRENCES MANAGEMENT OF FISH jr@ LITTLE LAKE WORTH LW1 5 24 32 69 100 114 124 Q7 133 156 1 74 1W k LWI KW1 32 55 a2 91 100 116 125 144 KWI 184 190 194 \N LW2 24 32301 127 100174108177 LW2 MMI 1 69il 13 161716 19 20 23 2, 27 Za 29 30 014 32 40 42 43 KW2 9 10 12 28 44 54 55 57 13 28 82 83 Z9 32 42 .6 58 59w63 a 9 1 97 100 47 48 60 69 970 77 79 1921 12, 44 4, KW2 MH 74 78 91 94 860 82V87 185 190 999 102 106 ag123 1164110016 117 121 .1. Voga,0.9 125 131 138 144 I LW3 148 155 159 161 104 107 1108 109 LW3 164 165 169 177 0,Al 12113 24 32 59 100 DH 193 4 19 1116 117 120 124 127 175 179 1214 123125126 11 132 133 42 143 144 145 1146 148 'YON 158 160 162167 MUN 171 172 173 la4 151 1 ISLANDk 1 a92 19863 18994 191 KW4 7 13 56 W LW4 89 91 '00 07 24 32 54 21 12 114 121 148 92 100 107 116 1152 164 185 190 127 174 177 IaO 193 194 194 /L A ------------------- LITTLE KW4 A'j EARMAN RIVER (C-17) MUNYON ISLAND Palm Beach County Department of LAKE WOI?TH LAGOON 0 1000 2000 D&M JOB NO. 20335-001-049 ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES KNOWN OCCURRENCES SCAU FIGURE ItMANAGEMENT I OF FISH (FEET) I - . )r,,.3 56 GO 91 '00 107 2 111 2 1 A LITTLE 1112 164 1185 119406 At EARMAN RIVER (C- 17) KIN3 MUNYON KW4 is KW3 KW5 99 100 148 184 LIN5 24 28 43 57 115 52 67 si " 100 125 146 154 157 169 177 190 LIN5 5 24 32 64 100 116 174 177 LING KV5 24 32 64 69 78 112 87 92 100, 116 127 165 177 V--;/ C= . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . LW7 24 32 64 92 W 100 133 174 193 1 Kws 43 99 100 148 LWO 32 38 39 5.4 70 72 100 108 174 BLUE HERON BRIDGE L" SINGER 24 70 100 175 176 ISIAND MH2 1314 17 20 23 26 27 28 29 41 42 43 44 45 52 53 M 57 58 61 53 70 76 77 83 as 87 89 91 92 95 go 99 100 10, 102 103 10.4 106 107 Joe DEIS EANUT 116 117 lie 120 2 121 125 128 135 ISLAND 137 139 140 141 KW7 143 144 148 149 LAKE WORTH INLET ISO151 157 158 170 17, '73 182 IM 184 187 ISO 169 192 193 195 RRI-I DEIS XvWn7 43 90 99 19 63 92 100 111 RRI-3 99 RRI RRI-2 1 1 LINII LW" 7 176 24 32 64 70 100 127 174 B B0 Palm Beach County Department of LAKE WORTH LAGOON 0 1000 2000 D&M JOB ENVIRONMENTAL 20335-001 049 RESOURCES KNOWN OCCURRENCES SCALE FIGURE MANAGEMENT OF FISH (FEET) 10-C B 100 127 133 175 W12 LW13 24 32 04 70 92 100 107 174 190 194 W13 RR2-3 RR2-1 176 54 99 RR2 RR2-2 go LW14 32 91 100 111 116 130 177 L014 RR3-2 lie RR3-I RR3 L*15 24 69 100 116 127 174 W15 0 LWI 6 24 92 100 116 RR4-i 127 M WIG 33 37 RR4-2 RR 32 92 116 LW17 32 07 83 100 W17 127 130 177 FLAGLER MEMORIAL BRIDGE RR5-2 RR5-1 " 117 172 29 172 RR5 Me 32 100 130 133 LWIS 104 RR6-2 CLEAR --- 2 33 C LAYCE RR -1 cil Palm Beach County Department of LAKE WORTH LAGOON 0 1000 2000 D&M JOB NO. ,AAkA 20335-001-049 ENVIRONMENTAL Is RESOURCES KNOWN OCCURRENCE SCAM FIGURE MANAGEMENT I OF FISH I (FEET) 10-D I CLEAR 32 33 c C LAKE Lwlg 5 32 100 127 LW19 133 153 178 t90 ROYAL PARK BRIDGE RR7-1 116 194 RR7 LW20 24 32 100 127 130 LW20 ED LW21 2 3 4 32 100 127 153 RRS-4 32 RR8-3 RR8-I " 115 119 172 sa 100 119 172 RR8 194 --- D LW22 22 24 32 100 127 130 153 LW23 22 24 32 100 W23 116 127 153 193 SOUTHERN BOULEVARD BRIDGE ru RR9-1 100 116 RR9 U) RR9-2 32 116 LW24 1 24 81 100 116 127 .130 193 194 2 100 127 LW21 RRI 32 LW,9 :.2 @AR E @172@ 01 111 Department of LAKE WORTH LAGOON 0 1000 2000 D& M JOB NO. ,q ENVIRONMENTAL 20335-001-049 Is C RESOURCES KNOWN OCCURRENCE FIGURE SCAU 4FIMANAGEMENT OF FISH (FEET) fo-E N-M --- w-ft" LW24 14 81 100 116 27130 193 194 D$ LW25 22 24 32 34 'a 100 124 127 110 153 174 190 RR10-3 MH3 ----------- ga 132 194 5 9 MN3 Is 19 20 25 D@j 26 27 28 29 RR10-1 32 42 43 4.4 32 60 63 69 77 78 82 117 91 9 a9, '00 RRIO 101 81029104 116 UNTERS i 117 126 142 143 LW26 144145148 155 ISLAND 24 32 91 100 58 16 1 3 1 1172 17'7 1692 1969 16 1215 127 12a 194 3RR10- 2 115316 174 93 32 116 V26 NE OF RR11-2 3 9 32 33 6 68 9 75Z78 95 25 1 5 142 RRII RR11-2 32 68 91 116 1-1 128 133 3R2RIG9 128 132 W28 LW28 24 3 97 127 IBIS 12a 74 177 150 ISLE RR12-2 16 RR12 RR12-1 LW29 32 54 iia 128 LW29 24 32 97 116 127 12a 133 190 LW30 5 24 32 97 LW30 12712a 130 133 175 180 RR13-2 RR13-1 193 194 32 69 97 116 128 172 , so W R13 LW31 E IAKE AVENUE BRIDGE LW31 Es 'S@ @IW26@ P lm Beach County D:partment of LAKE WORTH LAGOON @O @10002000 D&M JOB NO. ENVIRONMENTAL is 20335-001-049 RESOURCES KNOWN OCCURRENCE SCAU FIGURE ItMANAGEMENT I OF FISH 10-F LW31 1 5 24 32 7 LW31 1 100 128 130 175 E LAKE AVENUE BRIDGE --- --- Et LW32 24 32 100 116 127 128 130 133 1751801931 94 LW32 LW33 5 24 32 82 100 115 127 133 175 177 180 190 193 LW33 4 32 128 172 ISO 193 RR14-2 100 116 132 LW34 824 7 100 127 12:130 175 W3 06 192 iS3 194 RR15-2 15 32 128 RR15-1 LW35 5 29 ga 100 5 24 32 65 116 171 100 116 127 130 175 t77 178 193 194 W35 OCEAN AVENUE BRIDGE LW35 24 32 91 92 100 10a 116 127 12 133 156 174 LW36 1192 RR16-i 7 32 99 lie 185 RRIG-2 04 32116 177 >14 F 7GE t7781-1 13' 'IS' '93 '114 Palm Beach County Department of LAKE WORTH LAGOON 0 1000 2000 D&M JOB NO. ENVIRONMENTAL 20335-001-049 RESOURCES KNOWN OCCURRENCES SCAIE FIGURE WMANAGEMENT OF FISH (FEET) 10-G F P 'Lr-j I LW36 24 32 112 127 192 W38 NE OF RR17-2 3 9 10 13 14 32 "M 69 75 78 83 95 105 116 122 RR17-1 32 35 38 99 128 133 142 RR17-2 57 29 too lie 164 RR18-2 32 99 116 194 LW39 LW39 RRIS-3 24 32 70 73 '16 192 124 RIB RRIS-1 go i RR19-1 BEER CAN LW40 85 175 188 124 24 32 63 92 ISLA 116 175 RIO W40 RR12-2 SOUTH LAKE WORTH 35 38 176 INLET RR19-3 54 194 M144 11 13 16 17 BOYNTON CANAL (C-16) Is ig 20 21 22 23 75 26 27 26 29 3t LW41 32 36 42 43 44 45 48 49 50 51 52 58 LW41 63 71 75 76 5 4 24 32 70 77 a2 :3 64 108 134 180 192 55 667 88 104 91 93 94 95 26 99 100 tol 102 103 106 107 too 111112 115 116 120 122 126 132 135 137 143 144 145147 148 149 168 169 tat 182 183 190 192 193 1" OCEAN AVENUE BRIDGE PaLm Beach County Department of LAKE WORTH LACOON 0 1000 2000 D&M JOB NO. ENVIRONMENTAL I 1-0@ 20335-001-049 RESOURCES KNOWN OCCURRENCE SCAU FIGURE tMANAGEMENT OF FISH (FErr) 10 -H S.11 ENDANGERED, THREATENED AND RARE SPECIES AND SPECIES OF SPECIAL CONCERN The shoreline of Lake Worth Lagoon is almost completely developed and densely populated leaving very few native areas suitable to support appreciable numbers of protected (endangered threatened and rare species and species of special concern) plant and/or animal species. All known protected plants occur either in John D. MacArthur State Recreation Area located in northeast Lake Worth Lagoon or Gemini Botanical Gardens located in Manalapan just north of South Lake Worth Inlet. While some protected species may occur elsewhere along the shore of Lake Worth Lagoon, their presence is unrecorded at this time. Protected animals which occur in the study area are transient in nature, making it difficult to document all known occurrences. For example, manatees could be in any area of the lagoon at any time. Table 8 is a listing of protected plant and animal species which have been identified in or are likely to naturally inhabit the Lake Worth Lagoon study area. The list includes a total of 40 species including 13 plants, I mammal, 4 reptiles, 18 birds, and 4 fishes. The status of each species and the listing agencies or organizations are noted on the table. No attempt was made to address beach and dune species in this report. Table 9 is a listing of protected plant species which are present at Gemini Botanical Gardens (GBG), a private botanical garden established in 1986. The site was originally cleared of native vegetation in 1946 when a private residence and garden were built. One area of native hammock remains. The goals of the GBG are to cultivate and preserve the wide species diversity and plant density once found in the native ecosystem, and to assemble a documented collection of native plants that might be used for such purposes as safeguarding the germplasm of endangered species. Most listed plants have been introduced to GBG since 1986. -29- In addition to species fisted on the tables Halophila johnsond, a species of seagrass which occurs in abundance in Lake Worth Lagoon has been designated by the Florida Natural Areas Inventory as a species of limited distribution and recommended for inclusion on the state list of threatened plant species. Halophild johnsonni may be more abundant in Lake Worth Lagoon than anywhere else in the state (personal communications, W.J. Kenworthy, NMFS, December, 1990). Figure 11 depicts known occurrences, probable sighting locations, and desirable habitat for naturally occurring protected species. The information presented on the map was derived from the following sources: municipal comprehensive plans; Florida Natural Areas Inventory; MacArthur State Recreation Area records; Florida Department of Natural Resources; Gemini Botanical Gardens; Florida Game and Freshwater Fish Commission; Pine Jog Environmental Studies Center; ERM records and observations. The map's symbols are located in areas where listed species would most likely occur. All listed plants are documented as occurring within the boundaries of MacArthur State Recreation Area or Gemini Botanical Gardens. All manatee locations are situated in areas that would be attractive to manatees. These areas include grass beds (feeding areas), freshwater discharges, and the Florida Power and Light Riviera Beach Power Plant discharge (warm water). The sea turtle locations are in grassbed areas suitable for feeding. Other reptile species symbols are located in suitable areas of habitat. Wading bird symbols are located in intertidal areas suitable for feeding. Shorebird symbols are located on sandy or pebbly beaches. Other bird species symbols are located in areas in which ERM made sightings. Snook symbols are located in areas which contain structure such as bridges, oyster bars and rock outcrops. Other fish species symbols are located in areas of suitable habitat. -30- TABLE 8 ENDANGERED SPECIES, THREATENED SPECIES, RARE SPECIES AND SPECIES OF SPECIAL CONCERN THAT MIGHT BE FOUND IN AND AROUND LAKE WORTH LAGOON, PALM BEACH COUNTY, FLORIDA STATUS LATIN NAME COMMONNAME PLANTS Aoroslichum aureun, Golden Leather Fern E Acrostichum danaeifolium Giant Leather Fern T Cereus pentagonus Dildo Cactus T Chrysophyllum oliviforme Satin Leaf E Encyclia tampensis Butterfly Orchid T Ophioglossum palmatum Hand Fern E Opuntia humifusa Twistspine Prickly Pear T Opuntia stricta Prickly Pear T Phlebodium aureum Golden polypody T Psilotum nudum Whisk Fern T Tillandsia paucifolia Wild Pine T Tillandsia valenzuelana Soft Leaf Wild Pine T Vittaria lineata Shoestring Fern T VERTEBRATES MAMMALS Trichecus manatus latirostris West Indian Manatee E REPTILES Caretta caretta caretta Loggerhead Turtle T Chelonia mydas mydas Green Turtle E Gopherus polyphemus Gopher Tortoise SSC Drymarchon corais couperi Indigo Snake SSC BIRDS Ajaia ajaja Roseate Spoonbill SSC Aramus guarana Limpkin SSC Casmerodius albus Great Egret SSC Charadrius melodus Piping Plover T Egretta rufescens Reddish Egret SSC Egretta thula Snowy Egret SSC Egretta tricolor Tricolored (Louisiana) Heron SSC Egretta caerulea Little Blue Heron SSC Eudocimus albus White Ibis SSC Falco peregrinus tundrius Artic Peregrine Falcon E Haematopus pallialus American Oystercatcher SSC Nyctanassa violacea Yellowcrowned Nigh Heron SSC Nyclicorax nycticorax Blackcrowned Nigh Heron SSC Pandion haliaetus Osprey SSC Pelecanus occidentalis Brown Pelican SSC Plegadis falcinellus Glossy Ibis SSC Sterna antillarum Least Tern T Vireo altiloquus Blackwhiskered Vireo R FISHES Centropomus undecimalis Common Snook SSC Gobionellus stigmaturus Spottail Goby SSC Oostethus lineatus Opossum Pipef ish R Rivulus marmoralus Rivulus SSC STATUS DESIGNATION KEY: E=Endangered T=Threatened R=Rare SSC=Species of Special Concern The status of the above listed plant and animal species was determined by one or more of the following agencies and/or publications: Florida Game and Freshwater Fish Commission; United States Fish and Wildlife Service; Florida Department of Agriculture; Rare and Endangered Biota of Florida (Pritchard Series). TABLE 9 Plants of Gemini Botanical Gardens NAME COMMON NAME STATUS Acacia choriophylla Tamarindillo E Acoelorrhaphe wrighth Paurotis palm T Anemia adiantifolia Pine fern T Bletia purpurea Pine pink T Campyloneurum phyllitidis Strap fern T Cassia keyensis Big Pine Partridge Pea T Cereus eriophorus var. fragrans Fragrant woolbearing cerus E C. gracilis West coast prickly apple E C. robinii Tree cactus E Clusia rosea Balsam apple E Commelina gigas Climbing dayf lower T Cordia sebestena Geiger tree E Cucurbita okeechobeensis Okeechobee gourd E Cupania glabra Cupania E Cyrtopodium punctatum Cowhorn orchid E Dryopteris ludoviciana Florida shield fern T Encyclia cochleata Shell orchid T Equisetum hymale Scouring rush T Eugenia confusa Redberry ironwood T E. rhombau Red stopper E E. simpsonii Simpson's ironwood T Guaiacum sanctum Lignumvitae tree E Hippomane manicella Manchineel T Hypelate trifoliata Inkwood T Ilex krugiana Krug's holly E Ipomoea microdactyla Wild potato morning glory E Jacquemontia reclinata Beach clustervine E Jacquinia keyensis Joewood T Lycopodium cernuum Nodding club moss T Lycopodium dichotomum Hanging club moss E Nephrolepsis biserrata Boston f ern T Nolina atopocarpa Fl, Beargrass E N. brittoniana Brittons beargrass E Oncidium variegatum Dancing lady orchid E Opuntia cubensis Prickly pear T 0. spinosissima Semaphore cactus E Peperomia floridana Everglades E Polyrrhiza lindenii Ghost orchid E Polystachya flavescens Pale flowered polystachya T Pseudophoenix sargentii Buccaneer palm E Rhipsalis baccifera Mistletoe cactus E Roystonea elata Fl, Royal palm E Sabal etonia Scrub palmetto T Sabal minor Dwarf palmetto T Strumpfia maritima Pride-of-big-pine E Suriana maritima Bay cedar E Swietenia mahogani West Indian mahogany T Tetrazygia bicolor Tetrazygia T Thelypteris kunthii Aspidium fern T Tillandsia flexuosa Twisted air plant T T.setacea Wild pine air plant T Trismeria trifoliata Braken f ern T Vanilla planifolia Commercial vanilla T Verbena maritima Coastal vervain E Zanthoxylum flavum Yellowhart E SPECIES LEGEND STATUS PLANTS 1 Acrostichum aureum - Golden Leather Fern E 2 Acrostichum danaeifolium - Giant Leather Fern T 3 Cereus pentagonus - Dildo Cactus T 4 Chrysophyllum oliviforme - Satin Leaf E 5 Encyclia tampensis - Butterfly Orchid T 6 Ophioglossum palmatum - Hand Fern E 7 Opuntia humifusa - Twistspine Prickly Pear T 8 Opuntia stricta - Prickly Pear T 9 Phlebodium aureum - Cabbage Palm Fern T 10 Psilotum nudum - Whisk Fern T 11 Tillandsia paucifolia - Wild Pine T 12 Tillandsia valenzuelana - Soft Leaf Wild Pine T 13 Vittaria lineata - Shoestring Fern T VERTEBRATES MAMMALS 14 Trichecus manatus latirostris - West Indian Manatee E REPTILES 15 Caretta caretta caretta - Loggerhead Turtle T 16 Chelonia mydas mydas - Green Turtle E 17 Gophetus polyphemus - Gopher Tortoise SSC 18 Drymarchon corais couperi - Indigo Snake SSC BIRDS (W) 19 Ajaia ajaja - Roseate Spoonbill SSC (W) 20 Aramus guarana - Limpkin SSC 21 Casmerodius albus - Great Egret SSC (W) 22 Charadrius melodus - Piping Plover T (W) 23 Egretta rufescens - Reddish Egret SSC (W) 24 Egretta thula - Snowy Egret SSC (W) 25 Egretta tricolor - Tricolored Heron SSC (W) 26 Egretta caerulea - Little Blue Heron SSC (W) 27 Eudocimus albus - White Ibis SSC 28 Falco peregrinus tundrius - Arctic Peregrine Falcon E 29 Haematopus palliatus - American Oystercatcher SSC (W) 30 Nyctanassa violacea - Yellow-crowned Night Heron SSC (W) 31 Nycticorax nycticorax - Block-crowned Night Heron SSC 32 Pandion haliaetus - Osprey SSC 33 Pelecanus occidentalis - Brown Pelican SSC (W) 34 Plegadis falcinellus - Glossy Ibis SSC 35 Sterna antillarurn - Least Tern T 36 Vireo altiloquus - Block-whiskered Vireo R AMPHIBIANS (none) FISHES 37 Centropomus undecimalis - Common Snook SSC 38 Gobionellus stigmaturus - Spottail Goby SSC 39 Oostethus lineatus - Opossum Pipefish R 40 Rivulus marmoratus - Rivulus SSC (W) = WADING BIRD GROUP E = Endangered T = Threatened R = Rare SSC = Species of Special Concern The status of the above listed plant and animal species was determined by one or more of the following agencies and/or publications: Florida Game and Freshwater Fish Commission: United States Fish and Wildlife Service; Florida Department of Agriculture: Rare and Endangered Biota of Florida (Pritchard Series) Palm Beach County D&M JOB NO. Department of LAKE WORTH LAGOON 20335-001-049 ENVIRONMENTAL ENDANGERED, THREATENED RESOURCES AND RARE SPECIES AND FIGURE MANAGEMENT SPECIES OF SPECIAL CONCERN 11 -A :-3 LITTLE I LAKE WORTH 75 Ll w w 38 38 76 39 39 2 9 5 w 15 16 MUNYON -j r ISLAND 14 14 15 L L @t w@=l EAR RIVER (C-17) MUNYON @) ISLAND Palm Beach County Department of LAKE WOR TH LAGOON 0 1000 2000 D&ll 10B NO. ENVIRONMENTAL ENDANGERED, THREATENED 20335-001-049 RESOURCES AND RARE SPECIES AND SCAM FIGURE MANAGEMENT SPECIES OF SPECIAL CONCERN (FEET) lf-B 14 A 15 EAR RIVER (C-17) MUNYON ISIAND w 38 39 14 15 1 CE 6 BLUE HERON BRIDGE SINGER 39 ISL4.ND 22 29 14 35 14 15 15 16 16 PEANUT ISLAND 32 LAKE W RTH NLET 33 14 B B Palm Beach County D&M JOB NO. Department of 0 1000 2000 20335-00-049 11 - ... - .. - ENVIRONMENTAL ENDANGERED, THREATENED I RESOURCES AND RARE SPECIES AND SCALE FIGURE SPECIES OF SPECIAL CONCERN (FEET) lf-C B B* 14 15 16 29 35 FIAGLER MEMORIAL BRIDG CLEAR C @L@ARV LAKE -T Palm Beach County Department of LAKE WORTH LAGOON 0 1000 2000 D&M JOB NO. ENVIRONMENTAL 20335-001-049 ENDANGERED, THREATENED RESOURCES AND RARE SPECIES AND SCALE FIGURE SPECIES OF SPECIAL CONCERN (FEET) MANAGEMENT CLEAR C C@ LAKE ROYAL PARK BRIDG 0 35 Fj 37 22 29 35 FISHERMAN ISLAND 1 SOUTHERN BOULEVARD BRIDGE 3 T) 3 CL @AR 7 E Palm Beach county D&M JOB NO. Department If LAKE WORTH LAGOON 0 1000 2000 20335-001-049 ENVIRONMENTAL ENDANGERED. THREATENED RESOURCES AND RARE SPECIES AND SCALE FIGURE I I-E tMANAGEMENT SPECIES OF SPECIAL CONCERN (FEET) 0 HUNTERS ISLAND w, WEST PALM BEACH 51 1 w N E w E LAKE AVENUE BRIDG E' @CH 5 IE D7G Palm Beach County D&M JOB 'NO. Department of LAKE WORTH LACOON 0 1000 2000 20335-001-049 ENVIRONMENTAL ENDANGERED, THREATENED RESOURCES AND RARE SPECIES AND SCAM FIGURE ItMANAGEMENT SPECIES OF SPECIAL CONCERN (FEET) lf-F E LAKE AVENUE BRIDG E@ w w 29 OCEAN AVENUE BRIDG 14 15 16 cn 32 0 33 14 15 16 F MiI I - F Palm beach County Department of LAKE WORTH LAGOON 0 1000 2000 D&M JOB NO. ENVIRONMENTAL ENDANGERED, THREATENED 20335-001-049 RESOURCES AND RARE SPECIES AND SCALE FIGURE I*MANAGEMENT SPECIES OF SPECIAL CONCERN (FEET) 11-G F F, rni 22 29 5 14 w 15 32 16 33 14 15 16 BEER CAN 18 36 ISLAND 2 SOUTH LAKE WORTH 37 INLET BOYNTON CANAL (C-y5l= 40 OCEAN AVENUE BRIDGE Palm Beach County Department of TH LAGOON 0 1000 2000 D&K JOB NO. NVIRONMENTAL LAKE WOR 20335-001-049 WE ENDANGERED, THREATENED RESOURCES AND RARE SPECIES AND SCALE FIGURE MANAGEMENT SPECIES OF SPECIAL CONCERNI (FEET) lf-H J 5.12 MARINAS AND DOCKS Forty seven (47) major marinas comprising 2558 wet boat slips and 2156 dry storage racks are located in the Lake Worth Lagoon study area. In addition, hundreds of private docks have been constructed by shoreline residential property owners, and several commonly utilized anchorage areas for live aboard boats are known to exist. Public boat launching facilities exist at eight locations. Locations of marinas and boat ramps were determined from municipal comprehensive plans, the Riviera Beach DRI, and field observations. Boat docks were identified from the 1989 "Redi" aerial photographs. Public access areas include parks, inlets and public docks where water activities take place. Marina characteristics were determined from a telephone or personal interview survey. The information gathered included name of facility, location, the number of wet boat slips, the number of dry boat racks, and status of fuel, boat repair and sewage pump-out facilities. Boat ramps were inspected to determine their launching and vehicle parking capacities. The information from this survey has been compiled and is presented on Table 10. The locations of docks, marinas, boat ramps and public access areas located within the study area are depicted on Figure 12. The numbers on the map correspond to the marinas as numbered on Table 10. Boats, marinas and associated activities are known to have cumulative impacts which contribute to water quality degradation. Metals emitted from anti-fouling paints, nutrients and bacteria contained in wastes which are flushed overboard, oils and greases associated with power boats, and chemicals utilized for boat maintenance are all potential sources of pollution associated with boats and marinas. In addition, boating activity can directly impact habitat resources by propeller dredging, boat wake induced erosion, and disturbance of wildlife (e.g., boat collisions with manatees). -31- Tbe survey indicates that Lake Worth Lagoon has storage/dock facilities for almost five thousand boats. This number does not include docking facilities associated with private homes and condominiums, boats anchored offshore, or boats launched at boat ramps. Of the forty seven commercial marina facilities servicing Lake Worth Lagoon, eleven allow live aboard boats, while only three provide sewage pump out facilities. Eighteen marinas provide boat repairs, and twenty one have ftieling facilities. While major single sources of pollution are not likely, it is probable that the cumulative effect of these activities contributes to water quality degradation in Lake Worth Lagoon. -32- TABLE 10 LAKE WORTH MARINA AND BOAT RAMP SURVEY 1990 * = planned OF WET OF DRY YIN YIN YIN Y/N COMMENT'S Slips RACKS FUEL BOAT LIVE PUMP OUT REPAIR ABOARDS FACILITIES MARINAS I. Charter boats (Boynton Beach) 33 0 N L I N N N F2 7WT,,eEdge Marina luc.(Boynton Beach) 41 0 Y N N N 20 0 -F N N N F Club N..tico (Boynton Beach) N 4. Palm Beach Marina (Hypobno) 0. 220 Y Y N N S. Palm Beach Yacht Center (Hypoluzo) 60 300 Y Y N N 6. Sportsman Park (Lantana) 11 0 N N N N Boat ramp 7. Burger Boat Comparzy (Lautama) S4 a Y Y N N & Gundlach's Marina (Lantana) $29 350 Y Y N 'N 9. Murrelle Marina (Lantana) 40 0 N Y N N 10. Flagler Yacht Club (West Palm Beach) 22 0 N N N N Priv,to 11. The Harbor Towers & Marina (West Palm Beach) 11 0 0 N N N Private 12 Town of PB Municipal Docks (Pahn Beach) L 0 N N Y Y 13. Palm Harbor Marina (West Palm Beach) 166 0 Y N Y N 14. Flagler Marina (Yacht Club) (Palm Beach) 45 0 Y N Y N 15. Spencer Boat Company (West Palm Beach) 100 0 Y Y N 16. Rybovich Diesel & Marine (West Palm Beach) 57 0 N Y N N and Service I Boat Construction @ 17. Flotilla Club (West Palm Beach) 16 10 N N N N I I& Sailfish Club of Florida (Palm Beach) 95 16 Y N Y Prismte 13 Is 187.. flotria Ch SiI.,h Clu TABLE 10 19. Cracker Bay Boat Works lite. (Rivkra Beach) S ISO I N J Y Y N Serivice facility 20. Riviera Bch Municipal Marina (Riviera Beach) 137 190 Y N Y y 21. Old Slip Marina (Rh*ra Beach) so 0 N Y Y N 2Z Pelican Pier (Riviera Beach) 20 -0 N N N N -23. Perry Oceanographics Inc. (Riviera Beach) 3 T- 0 N N N N T-For large vessels 24. Hudgin Fish Company Inc. (Riviera Beach) 3S 0 Y N N Tz-ercial fish company 25. Rybovich Diesel & Marine Service Inc. (North) Riviers. Beach 31 10 Y Y N N Service facility 26. Tanner's Marine Center (Riviera Beach) 10 0 N Y N N Service facility 27. Newport Cove Marine Center (Riviera Beach) S 200 Y Y T N N 28. Blue Heron Docks (Riviers. Beach) 20 0 N N Y N 29. Saillish Marina (Palm Beach Shores) 100 0 Y N -T Y N 30. Buccaneer Marina (Palm Beach Shores) is 0 Y N N N 31. Cannonsport Marina (Pahn Beach Shores) 29 0 N _N N 32 Captains Walk Condominium (Palm Beach Shores) 19 0 N N N N Private 33, Intercoastal Club (Palm Beach Shores) 12 0 N N _N T N Private 34. Lake Park Marina (lAke Park) 224 0 N N N N Boat ramps 3S. Bassett Boat Company (North Pabn Beach) 11 90 Y Y N N 36. Pandise Harbor & Vfflas (North Paint Beach) 34 0 N N N N Private 37. Lotts Brothers Bait, Tackle & Marina (North Paint Beach) 26 0 Y N N I N I 38. Anchorage Park Marina (North Palm Beach) 30 195 N N N Boat ramp 39. North Palm Beach Marina (North Palm Beach) ISO 0 Y Y Y N 40. Old Port Cove Marina (South) (North Palm Beach) 300 a N N _N I N @ 41. Old Port Cove Marina (North) 91 0 N N N N 42 Harbor Point Marina (Palm Beach Gardens) 7S 0 Y N Y Y F39. F40 4 - Old Port I 1 2. Harbor P. TABLE 10 41 Marina at Twelve Oaks (North Palm Beach) Condominium 66 0 1 N J N I N N Private N T (propoged) 44. Smerel Harbor Inc. (Palm Beach Gardens) 160 319 Y Y I 4S. Seminole Boat Yard (Palm Beach Gardens) 9 60 N Y N N rvke facility 46. E & H Boatworks Inc. (Palm Beach Gardens) 10 12 N Y N J N Service facility 47. The Way's Club (`PaIm Beach Garde-) 12 4"S N Y N N Service facility PUBLIC BOAT RAMPS LOCATION RAMPS *RAMP CAPACITY ON SITE TRAILER PARKING SPACES OFF SITE TRAILER PARKING SPACES 1. Boat Club Park (Boynton) 4 6 90 60 2 Sportsman Park (Lantana) 2 4 is is 3, Bryant Park (Lake Worth) 2 4 38 36 4. Currie Park (Rk4era Beach) 4 70 0 S. Phil Poster Park (Riviera Beach) 2 4 66 0 IE 'E 6. Lake Park (LAke Park) 4 4 so 0 7. Anchorage Park (North Pain Beach) t 2 10 0 & Juno Park (Juno Beach) is 0 *Ramp Capacity = the number of vehicles that c4n bunch boatg at one time at the facility. LEGEND MARINAS PUBLIC BOAT RAMPS LOCATION CHARTER BOATS 130AT CLUB PARK BOYNTON (DWATERS EDGE MARINA SPORTSMAN PARK LANTANA @ CLUB NAUTICO BRYANT PARK LAKE WORTH (DPALM BEACH MARINA CURRIE PARK WEST PALM BEACH @ PALM BEACH YACHT CENTER PHIL FOSTER PARK RIVIERA BEACH @ SPORTSMAN PARK &LAKE PARK MARINA LAKE PARK @BURGER BOAT COMPANY & ANCHORAGE PARK NORTH PALM BEACH @ GUNDLACH'S MARINA &JUNO PARK JUNO BEACH 0 MURRELLE MARINA @THE HARBORTOWERS AND MARINA (E)FLAGLER YACHT CLUB @TOWN OF PALM BEACH MUNICIPAL DOCKS @PALM HARBOR MARINA PUBLIC PIER/PUBLIC ACCESS (qFLAGLER MARINA (YACHT CLUB) @ SPENCER BOAT COMPANY BOAT DOCK @RYBOVICH DIESEL AND MARINE SERVICE INC. (SOUTH) @FLOTILLA CLUB @SAILFISH CLUB OF FLORIDA @CRACKER BOY BOAT WORKS INC. @RIVIERA BEACH MUNICIPAL MARINA @OLD SLIP MARINA @ PELICAN PIER @ PERRY OCEANOGRAPHICS INC. (B HUDGINS FISH COMPANY INC. @ RYBOVICH DIESEL AND MARINE SERVICE INC. (NORTH) @ TANNER'S MARINE CENTER @ NEW PORT COVE MARINE CENTER @ BLUE HERON DOCKS @ SAILFISH MARINA @ BUCCANEER MARINA @ CANNONSPORT MARINA @ CAPTAIN'S WALK @ INTERCOASTAL CLU13 @LAKE PARK MARINA @ BASSETT E30AT COMPANY @ PARADISE HARBOR & VILLAS @ LOTT BROTHERS BAIT, TACKLE AND MARINA @ ANCHORAGE PARK MARINA @ NORTH PALM BEACH MARINA @ OLD PORT COVE MARINA (SOUTH) OLD PORT COVE MARINA (NORTH) HARBOR POINT MARINA MARINA AT TWELVE OAKS CONDOMINIUM (9 SOVEREL HARBOR INC. @ SEMINOLE 130AT YARD @ E & H BOAT WORKS @ THE WAY'S MARINA t Palm Beach County Department of LAKE WORTH LAGOON D&M JOB NO. ENVIRONMENTAL 20335-001-049 RESOURCES MARINAS AND DOCKS FIGURE MANAGEMENT I I I 12-A LJ jILITTLE, i 46 LAKE 45 WORTH 44 UJUH 43 42 41 L N \P, qe@ 39 k 0 MUNrYON' ' ISIAND@ A LITTLE EARM'AN RIVER (C- - 17) MUNYON 7 ISLAND Palm Beacb County D&M JOB NO. Department of LAKE WORTH LAGOON 0 1000 2000 20335-001-049 ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES MARINAS AND DOCKS SCALE FIME I*MANAGEMENT I (FEET) I I 12-B 35 A LITTLE A EARMAN RIVER (C- 17) MUNYON ISLAND BLUE HERON BRIDGE 33 32 SINGER ISLAND 25 23 29 21 PEANUT 20 ISLAND 19 LAKE WORTH INLET ----------- ---- B Palm Beach County 1000 20 D&M JOB NO. Department of LAKE WORTH LAGOON 0 20335-001-049 ENVIRONMENTAL 11 RESOURCES SCALE nGURE WMANAGEMENT (FEET) 12-C B B L 17 16 16 0 FLAGLER MEMORIAL BRIDGE 14 13 CLEAR C CT F li CLE R @ LAKE Palm Beach County 000 20,,0 D1111 1013 NO. Department Of LAKE WORTH LAGOON 0 ENVIRONMENTAL . 1-0@ 20335-001-049 RESOURCES MARINAS AND DOCKS SCALE FIGURE @MANAGEMENT I I (FEET) f2-D C CLEAR Cf LAKE ROYAL PARK BRIDGE V) FISHERMAN ISLAND SOUTHERN BOULEVARD BRIDGE Palm Beach County D&M JOB NO. Department of LAKE WORTH LAGOON 0 1000 2000 20335-001-049 ENVIRONMENTAL I I I I -I RESOURCES MARINAS AND DOCKS SCAIX FIGURE MANAGEMENT (FEET) 12-E wdb@ -ju t HUNTERS4 ISLAND 1. j WEST PALM BEACH CANkL (C-51) . . . . . ............. . .. - - - --------------- L IV C@ IBIS ISLE E LAKE AVENUE BRIDGE E? Palm Beach County NO. Department of LAKE WORTH LAGOON 0 1000 2000 D&M JOB NO. ENVIRONMENTAL 20335-001-049 RESOURCES MARINAS AND DOCKS SCALE FIGURE ItMANAGEMENT I (FEET) f 2-F E LAKE AVENUE BRIDGE NOW E IIr- OCEAN AVENUE BRIDG F F * Palm Beach County D&M JOB NO. Department of LAKE WORTH LAGOON 0 1000 2000 20335-oot-049 ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES MARINAS AND DOCKS SCALE FIGURE MANAGEMENT (FEET) 12-C F J, BEER CAN ISLAND OUTH LAKE WORTH NLET BOYNTON CANAL (C-16) OCEAN AVENUE BRIDGE Tl Department of I off III D&M JOB NO. ENVIRONMENTAL 20836-001-049 1 RESOURCES MARINAS AND DOCKS SCALE FIGURE I I MANAGEMENT (FEET) 12-H re, I 'Mi 5.13 WATER QUALI 5.13.1 Water Chemistry Water quality studies have been ongoing in Lake Worth Lagoon since the late 1960's. The Environmental Protection Agency conducted a large scale water quality survey in 1969-1970. In subsequent years, the USGS, Florida Department of Environmental Regulation (DER), Palm Beach County Health Department, and ERM have collected numerous water quality data. T'he lack of a well organized long term water quality monitoring effort makes it difficult to analyze long term water quality trends in great detail. Inconsistencies in sampling locations, sampling frequency, methodology and parameters analyzed contribute to this difficulty. In an effort to analyze trends in Water Quality for Lake Worth Lagoon, data which is contained in STORET, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) water quality data base was retrieved for the years 1969 - 1990. For the trend analysis, the Trophic State Index, (TSI), which is utilized by Florida Department of Environmental Regulation to generate the yearly water quality assessment for the State of Florida (305b report) was selected. 'Me water quality of lakes and estuaries in Florida is described by the TS1 which is a measure of the potential for algal growth. The components which make up the TS1 include total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (T?), chlorophyll-A (CHIA) and Secchi depth (SD). The index is based upon a trophic classification scheme developed by R.E. Carlson in 1977 (Hand, et.al, 1988). The first step in calculating the TSI is to average raw data, by months (if enough data is available) to adjust for seasonal effects and then calculate the mean of the monthly averages for each parameter sampled at each station. In some of the early data total nitrogen averages were not available, therefore averages had to be calculated from the raw data. -33- The next step involves calculating the TSI. The calculations for TSI are consistent with DER's most recent water quality evaluations which are explained in the 1988 305b report (Hand et.al, 1988). Equations which generate the TSI are: CHIA = 16.8 + 14.4 x LOG (CHILA value) SD = 60 - 30 x LOG (SD value) TN = 56 + 19.8 x LOG (TN value) TP 18.6 X LOG (T? value x 1000) - 18.4 TSI (CHIA + SD + NUTR*) / 3 where: LOG Natural Log : value ug/l CHIA m SD, mg/l T`P, mg/l TN. where: * means If TN/TP > 30 then NUTR* TP If TN/T`P < 10 then NUTR TN If 10 < TN/T? < 30 then NUTR* = (T? + TN)/2 The scale for TSI is from 0 to 100 where a high score indicates eutrophication (high in nutrients). DER has outlined the following breakout for evaluating water quality of estuaries: Estuaries Good 0-49 Fair 50-59 Poor 60-100 Lake Worth Lagoon water quality stations with EPA STORET code numbers were located from station descriptions found in records from the Florida Department of Environmental -34- Regulation, Southeast District, Port St Lucie Office's Lake Worth Water Quality Basin Assessment Survey for Fiscal year 1985, and from ERM files. The station locations are presented on Figure 13. 'ne TSI of twenty four STORET stations in Lake Worth was analyzed for three time periods, 1975-1979, 1980-1984, 1985-1990. For years prior to 1975 there was insufficient data to calculate the T'SI. The results of the TSI calculations are presented in Table 11. A summary of the TSI trends are presented on Table 12. In general, the TSI analysis indicates that water quality either remained fairly constant or slightly improved for most stations over the fifteen year period. The average TSI for Lake Worth Lagoon stations for the period 1986-1990 is 46, which classifies overall water quality at the lower end of the good range. In general, water quality has slightly improved from little Lake Worth south to the vicinity of Royal Park Bridge. Water quality in the Earman River remains poor, and impacts the lagoon at the confluence point. Water quality of the West Palm Beach Canal (C-51) has slightly improved, but the discharge impacts the lagoon as far north as Southern Boulevard Bridge, where poor water quality has existed for the entire period of record. From C-51 south through the area of study, water quality has slightly improved in recent years. Boynton Canal (C-16) exhibits the best water quality of the three major canal inflows. This analysis suggests that the major pollution sources are the canal inflows, and that poor tidal dilution of the C-51 discharge is compounded near the Southern Boulevard Bridge. In an effort to determine if a correlation between slightly improving water quality and reduction of waste water inflow exists, trends in fecal coliform bacteria were analyzed. Once again, a lack of consistent sampling is apparent, making a definitive trend analysis impossible. The analysis does indicate declining fecal coliform values at some STORET stations. The West Palm Beach Canal (C-51) continues to be the major source of fecal coliform. A summary of the fecal coliform. data is presented in Table 13. -35- mm mm-m m mm mmmm=mm== m TABLE 11 : TROPHIC STATE INDEX CALCULATIONS TROPHIC STATE INDEX CALCULATIONS FOR 1975-79 of Begin End STORET# Location Station Type obs. year year SD NITRO PHOS CHLA TSI .................................................................................................................................... 2BO10723 INTRACOSTAL WWY AT PALM 8 GARDE 21FLA761230 ESTUARY 17 75 79 ND 0.635 0.128 ND 47.01 28010724 LITTLE LAKE WORTH AT PGA BLVD BR 21FLA761230 ESTUARY 16 75 79 ND 0.76 0.128 ND 50.57 28010725 ICW AT US 1 BRIDGE 21FLA761230 ESTUARY 17 75 79 ND 0.689 0.147 ND 48.62 2BO10726 CANAL C-17 AT ALT AIA BRIDGE 21FLA761230 ESTUARY 18 75 79 ND 2.877 0.212 ND 79.08 28010727 EARMAN RIVER AT US 1 BRIDGE 21FLA761230 ESTUARY 15 75 79 ND 0.855 0.135 ND 52.90 28010728 LAKE WORTH AT BLUE HERON BLVD BR 21FLA761230 ESTUARY 16 75 79 ND 0.509 0.092 ND 42.63 28010734 WP CANAL AT SO. OLIVE AVE BRIDGE 21FLA761230 ESTUARY is 75 79 ND 1.048 0.172 ND 56.93 TROPHIC STATE INDEX CALCULATIONS FOR 1980-85 of Begin End STORET# Location Station Type obs. year year SD NITRO PHOS CHLA TSI .................................................................................................................................... 28010723 INTRACOSTAL WWY AT PALM 8 GARDE 21FLA761230 ESTUARY 4 80 85 1.8 0.341 0.057 9.3 41.99 28010724 LITTLE LAKE WORTH AT PGA BLVD BR 21FLA761230 ESTUARY 7 80 85 ND 0.893 0.211 ND 53.76 28010725 ICW AT US I BRIDGE 21FLA761230 ESTUARY 7 80 85 ND 1.256 0.226 ND 60.51 2BO10726 CANAL C-i7 AT ALT AlA BRIDGE 21FLA761230 ESTUARY 7 80 85 ND 2.403 0.214 ND 77.38 28010727 EARMAN RIVER AT US 1 BRIDGE 21FLA761230 ESTUARY 7 80 85 0.875 1.567 0.218 19.3 62.78 28010728 LAKE WORTH AT BLUE HERON BLVD BR 21FLA761230 ESTUARY 11 80 85 1.85 0.605 0.154 5 42.52 28010734 WP CANAL AT SO. OLIVE AVE BRIDGE 21FLA761230 ESTUARY 10 80 85 0.95 1.376 0.234 14.5 59.72 28010769 LAKE WORTH AT SOUTHERN BLVD BRDGE 21FLA820904 ESTUARY 10 80 85 ND 1.688 0.525 ND 66.36 28010771 ICW AT OCEAN AVE, BOYNTON 21FLA820904 ESTUARY 9 80 85 ND 1.271 0.244 ND 60.75 28010M LITTLE LK WORTH-CNTR, LK WRTH SAS 21FLA841228 ESTUARY 4 80 85 1.7 0.281 0.059 10.3 41.78 28010774 MUNYON TRANS W, LK WRTH SAS 21FLA84i228 ESTUARY 4 80 85 1.525 0.242 0.033 11.5 42.41 28010775 MUNYON TRANS MID, LK WRTH SAS 21FLA841228 ESTUARY 4 80 85 1.075 0.231 0.067 10.3 45.07 28010776 MUNYON TRANS E, LK WRTH SAS 21FLAS41228 ESTUARY 4 80 85 0.925 0.236 0.076 6.2 44.26 28010777 E OF ICW WAY MRKR 3, LK WRTH SAS ZIFLAB4122B ESTUARN 4 BO B5 i.575 0.224 0.06 13.7 42.40 28010778 CURRIE PK WEST, LK WRTH BAS 21FLAS41228 ESTUARY 4 80 85 1.25 0.330 0.077 8.1 44.75 28010779 CURRIE PK MID, LK WRTH BAS 21FLA841228 ESTUARY 4 80 85 1 0.339 0.078 4.7 44.55 28010780 CURRIE PK EAST, LK WRTH BAS 21FLAS41228 ESTUARY 4 80 85 1.25 0.340 0.068 10 45.96 28010781 LK WRTH AT ROYAL PALM, LKWRTH SAS 21FLA841228 ESTUARY 4 80 85 1.175 0.436 0.079 10.8 48.59 2BO10782 ICW HAV MRKR 28, LK WRTH SAS 21FLAS41228 ESTUARY 4 80 85 0.925 0.608 0.189 12 53.68 28010M LK WRTH AT SR812, LK WRTH BAS 21FLAS41228 ESTUARY 4 80 85 1.1 0.369 0.076 15.5 49.90 28010784 ICW NAV MRKR 44, LK WRTH SAS 21FLA841228 ESTUARY 4 80 85 1.425 0.318 0.059 19 47.29 28010785 ICW NAV MRKR 48, LK WRTH SAS 21FLA841228 ESTUARY 4 80 85 1.275 0.320 0.069 9.2 44.97 28010786 C-16 NR CONTROL STRUCT LKWRTH BA 21FLA841228 ESTUARY 4 80 85 1.675 0.470 0.106 12.9 46.40 28010787 ICW AT SR 804, LK WRTH BAS 21FLA841228 ESTUARY 4 80 85 1.15 0.366 0.082 6.5 45.22 TABLE 11 continued: TROPHIC STATE INDEX CALCULATIONS FOR 1986-90 of Begin End STORET# Location Station Type obs. year year SO NITRO PHOS CHLA TSI ............................................................................... .................................................... 28010723 INTRACOSTAL WVY AT PAL14 B GARDE 21FLA761230 ESTUARY 1 86 90 1.7 0.368 0.054 ND 40.14 28010724 LITTLE LAKE WORTH AT PGA BLVD BR 21FLA761230 ESTUARY 2 86 90 NO 0.47 0.08 ND 41.05 28010725 ICW AT US I BRIDGE 21FLA761230 ESTUARY 1 86 90 ND 1.52 0.13 NO 68.21 28010726 CANAL C-17 AT ALT AIA BRIDGE 21FLA761230 ESTUARY 2 86 90 NO 1.49 0.075 ND 62-90 28010727 EARMAN RIVER AT US 1 BRIDGE 21FLA761230 ESTUARY 2 86 90 1 0.803 0.251 ND 55.83 28010728 LAKE WORTH AT BLUE HERON BLVD BR 21FLA761230 ESTUARY 2 86 90 2.333 0.194 0.067 RD 29.06 28010734 WP CANAL AT SO. OLIVE AVE BRIDGE 21FLA761230 ESTUARY 2 86 90 1.667 0.579 0.155 ND 44.92 28010769 LAKE WORTH AT SOUTHERN BLVD BRDGE 21FLA820904 ESTUARY 2 86 90 ND 1.735 0.34 ND 66.91 28010771 ICW AT OCEAN AVE, BOYNTON 21FLA820904 ESTUARY 1 86 90 NO 3.05 0.22 NO 80.00 28010M LITTLE LK WORTH-CNTR, LK WRTH BAS 21FLA841228 ESTUARY 1 86 90 1.867 0.375 0.054 NO 38.92 2BOiO774 14UNYON TRANS W, LK WRTH BAS 21FLA841228 ESTUARY 1 86 90 1.833 0.284 0.043 NO 36.45 28010775 RUNYON TRANS HID, LK WRTH BAS 21FLA841228 ESTUARY 1 86 90 0.967 0.264 0.048 NO 45.32 28010776 MUNYOM TRANS E, LK WRTH BAS 21FLA841228 ESTUARY 1 86 90 1.033 0.234 0.035 ND 43.13 28010777 E OF ICW NAV MRKR 3, LK WRTH BAS 21FLA841228 ESTUARY 1 86 90 2.4 0.144 0.022 ND 25.68 28010778 CURRIE PK WEST, LK WRTH SAS 21FLA841228 ESTUARY 2 86 90 1.233 0.275 0.031 ND 42.08 280i0M CURRIE PK MiO, LK WRTH SAS 21FLAS41228 ESTUARY 2 86 90 1.733 0.277 0.033 RD 37.04 28010780 CURRIE PK EAST, LK WRTH SAS 21FLA841228 ESTUARY 2 86 90 1.7 0.389 0.034 NO 43.16 28010781 LK WRTH AT ROYAL PALM, LKWRTH SAS 21FLA841228 ESTUARY 2 86 90 1.533 0.368 0.035 NO 44.58 28010782 ICW NAV MRKR 28, LK WRTH OAS 21FLA841228 ESTUARY 1 86 90 0.833 0.464 0.056 NO 53.14 28010783 LK WRTH AT SR812, LK WRTH SAS 21FLAS41228 ESTUARY 1 86 90 1.4 0.438 0.039 RD 47.30 280107M ICW NAV MRKR 44, LK WRTH SAS 21FLAS41228 ESTUARY 1 86 90 1.3 0.423 0.043 ND 45.55 28010785 ICW NAV MRKR 48, LK WRTH BAS 21FLA841228 ESTUARY 2 86 90 1.633 0.354 0.03 NO 42.72 28010786 C-16 MR CONTROL STRUCT LKWRTH BA 21FLAS41225 ESTUARY 2 86 90 2.267 0.346 0.037 ND 35.22 28010787 ICW AT SR 804, LK WRTH BAS 21FLA841228 ESTUARY 1 86 90 1.725 0.276 0.036 ND 37.08 Numerical. vatues for each parameter are averages for the period indicated. SD = secchi depth (meters) NITRO totat nitrogen (mg/t) PHOS totat phosphorous (mg/t) CHLA chiorophytL a (ug/t) TSI trophic state index ND no data availabLe UBLE 12 TROPHIC STATE INDEX TREND CALCULATION SUMMARY of Begin End TSI TSI TSI STORET# Location Station Type obs. year year 1975-79 1980-85 1986-90 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 28010723 INTRACOSTAL WWY AT PALM B GARDE 21FLA761230 ESTUARY 36 75 90 47 GOOD 42 GOOD 40 GOOD 28010724 LITTLE LAKE WORTH AT PGA BLVD OR 21FLA761230 ESTUARY 28 75 87 51 FAIR 54 FAIR 41 GOOD 28010725 ICW AT US I BRIDGE 21FLA761230 ESTUARY 27 75 87 49 GOOD 61 POOR 68 POOR 28010726 CANAL C-17 AT ALT AlA BRIDGE 21FLA761230 ESTUARY 28 75 87 79 POOR 77 POOR 63 POOR 28010727 EARMAN RIVER AT US 1 BRIDGE 21FLA761230 ESTUARY 46 75 90 53 FAIR 63 POOR 56 FAIR 28010728 LAKE WORTH AT BLUE HERON BLVD BR 21FLA761230 ESTUARY 47 75 90 43 GOOD 43 GOOD 29 GOOD 28010734 WP CANAL AT SO. OLIVE AVE BRIDGE 21FLA761230 ESTUARY 46 75 90 57 FAIR 60 POOR 45 GOOD 28010769 LAKE WORTH AT SOUTHERN BLVD BRDGE 21FLA820904 ESTUARY 12 80 87 ND 66 POOR 67 POOR 28010771 ICW AT OCEAW AVE, BOYNTON 21FLA820904 ESTUARY 11 80 87 ND 61 POOR 80 POOR 28010M LITTLE LK WORTH-CNTR, LK WRTH BAS 21FLA841228 ESTUARY 20 84 90 RD 42 GOOD 39 GOOD 28010774 MUNYON TRANS W, LK WRTH OAS 21FLAS41228 ESTUARY 18 84 90 NO 42 GOOD 36 GOOD 28010775 MUNYON TRANS MID, LK WRTH OAS 21FLA841228 ESTUARY 18 84 90 ND 45 GOOD 45 GOOD 28010776 MUNYON TRANS E, LK WRTH BAS 21FLA841228 ESTUARY 14 84 90 ND 44 GOOD 43 GOOD 28010777 E OF ICW NAV MRKR 3, LK WRTH BAS 21FLA841228 ESTUARY 18 84 90 ND 42 GOOD 26 GOOD 28010778 CURRIE PK WEST, LK WRTH BAS 21FLA841228 ESTUARY 19 84 90 ND 45 GOOD 42 GOOD 28010779 CURRIE PK MID, LK WRTH BAS 21FLA841228 ESTUARY 16 84 W ND 45 GOOD 37 GOOD 28010780 CURRIE PK EAST, LK WRTH BAS 21FLAS41228 ESTUARY 18 84 90 ND 46 GOOD 43 GOOD 28010781 LK WRTH AT ROYAL PALM, LKWRTH BAS 21FLAS41228 ESTUARY 18 84 90 ND 49 GOOD 45 GOOD 28010782 ICW HAV MRKR 28, LK WRTH BAS 21FLA841228 ESTUARY 16 84 90 ND 54 FAIR 53 FAIR 28010783 LK WRTH AT SR812. LK WRTH BAS 21FLAS41228 ESTUARY 18 84 90 ND 50 FAIR 47 GOOD 28010784 ICW NAV MRKR 44, LK WRTH OAS 21FLA841228 ESTUARY 20 84 90 ND 47 GOOD 46 GOOD 28010785 ICW NAV MRKR 48, LK WRTH BAS 21FLAS41228 ESTUARY 18 84 90 ND 45 GOOD 43 GOOD 28010786 C-16 WR CONTROL STRUCT LKWRTH BA 21FLA841228 ESTUARY 18 84 90 ND 46 GOOD 35 GOOD 28010787 ICW AT SR 804, LK WRTH BAS 21FLA841228 ESTUARY 18 84 90 ND 45 GOOD 37 GOOD if the TSI is between 0-49, the water quality is classified as GOOD. if the TSI is between 50-59, the water quality is classified as FAIR. if the TSI is between 60-100, the water quality is classified as POOR. ND = no data available TABLE 13 FWAL COLIFORMS SUMMARY 1975-1980 INI-1985 198& 1 9w Total Total Total Total Total * Of Total Total Total Total Total samples samples sampling ampies samples samples umples samples exceeding 200 exceedmg 400 exceeding 8W "ents zceedmg 9W exceedmg 400 exceeding 800 7ET eedmg 400 exceedmg 800 of nmprmg @vrezrts samples rz Station # 28010723 15 -4 4 2 28010724 15 1 7 2 1 28010725 15 1 1 7 2 28010M 15 3 2 7 2 28010727 is 2 2 11 4 28010728 15 1 1 11 4 28010734 15 6 2 2 9 1 2 5 1 1 28010769 3 7 1 2 28010771 3 6 1 1 2801(rn3 0 4 2 28010774 0 4 1 3 1 28010775 0 4 3 28010776 0 4 2 28010777 0 3 3 28010778 a 4 3 28010779 0 4 3 28010780 0 3 3 28010781 0 4 3 28010782 0 4 3 M10783 0 4 1 3 -F 29010784 0 4 2 28010785 0 4 3 28010786 0 4 3 28010787 0 4 * Sample thredwkb aluea are per 100 ml ofaample and correlated toState Standards kr Bacteriok)gkil Qmlity in Class III Waters IFAC Rule 17-302.560(5)] 5.131 Sediment Chemistry Lake Worth Lagoon Sediment Chemistry has been investigated by: Rodgers, 1970; SFWMD, 1977; Rudolph, 1989; Schropp and Calder, 1989. SFWMD found sediments at the south end of the lagoon to be higher in carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus concentrations than sediments at the north end of the lagoon. Sediments from Lake Worth Lagoon were sampled and analyzed by Schropp and Calder in 1983 and 1989. Samples taken in 1983 were localized in the area of the Port of Palm Beach (6 stations) and were analyzed for appearance and metals contents. Twenty one stations throughout Lake Worth Lagoon were sampled in 1989, with one station located in the Port of Palm Beach (PPB-009). The locations of sediment sampling stations are depicted on Figure 13. The locations were determined from station descriptions on field forms used by the Florida Department of Environmental Regulation, Office of Coastal Zone Management, unpublished study of the sediment chemistry of Lake Worth (Schropp, S. and F. Calder, 1989). Stations sampled in 1983 were not re-sampled in 1989. All stations sampled in 1989 were analyzed for appearance and metals content. In addition, 6 stations (LWO-3, LWO-11, LWO-13, LWO-15, LWO-16, and LWO-17) were analyzed for the presence of semivolatile organics, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH's and N-PAH's), and pesticides. Analyses for semivolatile organics were below detection limits. Pesticides scans were also below detection limits for all compounds except Aroclor-1254, a polychlorinated bipbenyl (PCB) based pesticide which was found at two stations, LWO-11 and LWO-13, in amounts ranging from 10 to 14 ug/kg dry weight. Several of the PAH compounds were detected at all six stations. Compounds found above detection limits included benzo(a)pyrene, benzo(b)fluoranthene, benzo(g,h,i)perylene, benzo(k)Fluoranthene, fluoranthene, indenopyrene, pyrene, phenanthrene, and 2-methylnaphthalene. PAH's are derivatives of petroleum products, especially diesel fuels. -36- Metals concentrations were examined against normalized curves following the method of the Department of Environmental Regulation (DER, 1987, A Guide to the InteEpretation of Metal Concentrations in Estuarine Sediments). Station concentrations above normal limits were found for cadmium (1983 data), chromium (1983 and 1989 data), copper (1983 and 1989 data), lead (1983 and 1989 data), nickel (1989 data), and zinc (1983 and 1989 data). Since the stations sampled in 1983 were not re-sampled in 1989, no trend analysis is possible. Of those metals found above normal concentrations, lead appeared to be the most prevalent, followed by zinc, nickel, copper, cadmium and chromium. Mercury, which can not be examined against normalized curves was present in slightly elevated concentration at stations near the Port of Palm Beach. Elevated metal concentrations and the presence of PAH's are indicative of a system which chronically receives significant runoff from urban development areas. Their presence in the sediments of Lake Worth Lagoon is not surprising considering historical and present land uses as well as water quality trends. 5.13.3 Benthic Fauna The literature indicates that a number of studies of benthic macroinvertebrate populations have been conducted over the past twenty years. However, a detailed trend analysis is not possible due to the lack of fixed station long term sampling data. EPA (1970) collected samples from 339 stations, but the sorting and identification was never completed. Reed (1975) collected 171 taxa from 11 stations during 1972 -1973. Deis (1978) collected 134 taxa from 12 stations in 1977. Tropical Ecosystems Inc. (1983) duplicated the Reed study in 1982 - 1983 and identified 310 taxa. Rudolph (1989) collected 262 from six stations in Lake Worth Lagoon in 1985. Rudolph found a reduction in diversity when compared to the TEI study, and the species diversity values were comparable to other moderately polluted estuaries. -37- LEGEND STORET # 280107-- FXJX DER SEDIMENT STATION FP X] DER SEDIMENT STATION PPB# * Palm Beach County D&M JOB NO. Departuxent of LAKE WORTH LAGOON 20335-001-049 ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES WATER QUALITY STATION FIGURE MANAGEMENT 13-A LITTLE LAKE WORTH 2 iLL-J, II MUNYON ISLAN 75 A LITTLE MA' R@ C @-ll '71 EARMAN RIVE' MUNYON Palm Beach County @) ISLAND Department of LAKE WORTH LAGOON 0 1000 2000 D&M JOB NO. ENVIRONMENTAL 6w!!@ 1 20335-001-049 RESOURCES IWATER QUALITY STATIONS1 SCAM FIG MANAGEMENT (FEET) 13 74 A0 L@j LJTTLE EARMAN RIVE (C- 17) MUNYON 26 ISLAND (STATION 28010726 IS LOCATED ON @HE C-17 CANAL AT OLD DIXIE HIGHWAY NOT ON MAP) 6 BLUE HERON BRIDGE SINGER ISIAND P@ PEANUT ISIAND LkKE WORTH INLET FP-5] P4 P9 B R (C- 177) CATED OLD I MAP) @BRIDGE@ S bE T IS P2 P6 t Palm Beach County D&M JOB NO. Department of LAKE WORTH LAGOON 0 1000 2000 20335-001-049 ENVIRONMENTAL I RESOURCES WATER QUALITY STATIONS SCAU FIGURE MANAGEMENT (FEET) 13-C B Bs Fg-1 FIAGLER MEMORIAL BRIDGE @ C CLEAR Cs LAKE Palm Beach 5ounty Department o LAKE WOJ?TH LAGOON 0 1000 2000 D&M JOB NO. 9 ENVIRONMENTAL 20335-001-04 RESOURCES LATER QUALITY STATIONS SCALE FIGURE MANAGEMENT I (FEET) 13-D C CLEAR ct LAKE 81 ROYAL PARK BRIDGE V) ED FISHERMAN ISIAND 'Al SOUTHERN BOULEVARD BRIDGE I to ik A Do Palm Beach County Department of LAKE WORTH LAGOON 0 1000 2000 D&M JOB NO. ENVIRONMENTAL 20335-001-049 RESOURCES ATER QUALITY STATIONS SCALE FIGURE IWMANAGEMENT (FEET) 13-E ns IIH HUNTERSI ISLAND WEST PALM BEACH CAD41, (C-51) [1-5] IBIS ISLE E LAKE AVENUE BRIDG P:lm Beach County JOB NO. D@ partment of LAKE WORTH LACOON 0 1000 2000 D&M NVIRONMENTAL 20335-001-049 RESOURCES IWATER QUALITY STATIONIS SCALE FIGURE ItMANAGEMENT (FEET) 13-F E LAKE AVENUE BRIDGE OCEAN AVENUE BRIDGE 83 F Ff Palm Beach County Department of LAKE WORTH LAGOON 0 1000 2000 D&M JOB NO. ENVIRONMENTAL 20335-001-049 RESOURCES ATER QUALITY STATIONS SCALE FIGURE I*MANAGEMENT I (FEET) f3-G F Fl 11-91 BEER CAN ISLAND SOUTH LAKE WORTH INLET BOYNTON CANAL (C- 16) 85 21 0 87 OCEAN AVENUE BRIDGE -P 0110PH D&M JOB NO. It Departme'n o LAKE WORTH LAGOON 0 1000 2000 20335-001-049 ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES WATER QUALITY STATIONS1 SCAU FIGURE MANAGEMENT (FEEr) 13-H 6.0 HABITAT RESTORATION AND ENHANCEMENT Palm Beach County adopted a vessel registration fee ordinance (No.88-40) effective June, 1989, for the expressed purpose of generating revenue to finance enhancement projects for water bodies within the county. T'he ordinance directs that the monies be used for: 1. The protection of valuable coastal and lagoon habitats 2. 'Fhe maintenance and enhancement of fisheries and habitats. 3. The construction of artificial reefs. In order to initiate restoration and enhancement activities in Lake Worth Lagoon prior to implementation of a comprehensive management plan, an inventory of project types, project areas, and ratings has been developed in conjunction with the resource inventory. The projects which are identified are primarily geared toward habitat improvement, with water quality enhancement being a secondary benefit. 6.1 PROJECT TYPES Five habitat restoration and enhancement project types which may be implemented in Lake Worth Lagoon were identified and evaluated. They are described below: Shoreline Wetlands Creatio Red mangrove wetland creation projects have a high probability for success if the proper substrate elevation is established; if daily tidal influence is assured; and if the area is protected from erosive wave energy. Red mangroves can be established along shorelines, -38- and in areas from which exotic vegetation is removed and the substrate is scraped down to intertidal elevation. If high wave energy exists along a shoreline, it may be necessary to protect the planting area with rip rap. Lake Worth Lagoon has a number of shoreline areas and spoil islands which could be regraded and revegetated with red mangroves. Cordgrass, Spartina altem@ftora can be planted in place of red mangroves on sites prepared to similar conditions to create salt marsh areas. However, in Lake Worth Lagoon, salt marsh areas will eventually become replaced by red mangrove communities through natural successional processes. Communities of black, white and buttonwood mangrove are more difficult to created than shoreline red mangrove communities due to problems associated with the establishment and stabilization of precise substrate elevations required to support these species and prevent invasion by undesirable exotic species. These factors increase the difficulty of creating the more diverse wetland systems. Artificial Reefs Structures can be placed on the lagoon bottom to create artificial reef habitats. The structures will be rapidly colonized by a variety of marine epifauna, and are known to attract and ultimately produce diverse assemblages of fish. A variety of inorganic materials can be used for reef construction as long as they can be successfully anchored to the bottom, or have sufficient weight to prevent their movement by tides and currents. Artificial reef projects must also be constructed in a manner which will prevent them from becoming hazards to navigation. In general, areas near the inlets have higher marine diversity and would benefit the most from this type of project. Holes which have been created by dredging are potential sites for this type of project. Rip Rap Shoreline Stabilization Rock or concrete rubble rip rap can be placed along the base of existing bulkheads and along high energy shorelines for shoreline stabilization and habitat creation purposes. Rip rap creates habitat similar in ecological value to habitat created by artificial reef structures. -39- When placed at the base of bulkheads, rip rap dissipates reflected wave energy which would have produced bottom scouring. Rip rap can also be used an alternative to vertical bulkheads or can be placed waterward of shoreline wetland plantings for wave protection. Many areas which could benefit from this type of project exist along the shoreline of Lake Worth Lagoon. Seagyrass and Qyster Bed Creation Seagrass beds occur in varying composition and density throughout Lake Worth Lagoon. In general, the most viable grass beds occur in shallow areas with good water clarity. If an area does not support seagrasses, it is generally due to inappropriate site conditions. Survival of plantings in such areas has been relatively unsuccessful in projects undertaken in other similar water bodies. An unsuccessful seagrass bed creation project was undertaken at Bicentennial Park, Riviera Beach as a mitigation requirement of a DER wetland alteration permit. Several experimental designs are currently being studied throughout Florida to provide an open artificial structure and promote oyster growth along existing bulkheads. In the future, experimental projects of this type will be evaluated and utilized if appropriate. Public Information Public information describing the natural resources of Lake Worth Lagoon and describing the efforts of ERM to protect and enhance these resources could be provided in the form of signs and displays and other written information located at boat ramps, public parks and marina facilities located along Lake Worth. Public awareness will lead to appreciation, which will lead to resource protection and support of the restoration and enhancerpent efforts. -40- 62 PROJECT AREAS Lake Worth Lagoon can best be characterized as an urban estuary. The majorityof Lake Worth's shoreline and islands are dominated by urban development. For this reason there are very few areas remaining which contain high quality diverse habitat components. Virtually all of the remaining habitat areas have been impacted to some extent by human activities, and present considerable opportunities for enhancement and restoration. It is recommended that habitat restoration and enhancement efforts in Lake Worth be focused upon the best remaining diverse habitat areas, with the objective of maintaining, protecting and improving them as examples of diverse and productive native habitat. For the purposes of this investigation, only project sites which are located on publicly owned lands or lands accessible to the public have been considered. Potential project sites were identified through field investigation and review of aerial photographs. Listed below are four significant areas which contain relatively diverse habitat components with potential for restoration and enhancement. Habitat Area 1. The northeastern section of Lake Worth Lagoon in the vicinity of John. D. MacArthur State Recreation Area is the best remaining example of the native ecosystem. This area contains numerous seagrass beds, shoreline mangrove fringes, hardwood hammocks, mangrove islands and embayments. The area also contains Big and Little Munyon Islands and another smaller island. These islands have been impacted by dredge spoil disposal and subsequent invasion by exotic plant species. Big Munyon Island retains a remnant coastal hammock in its interior portion (Appendix 8.3). Since Big Munyon Island is under public ownership as a component of the Florida State Park System, an ambitious exotic removal, shoreline configuration and stabilization, and saltmarsh/mangrove shoreline planting program could be undertaken to improve the habitat value of the island. Within the Singer Island portion of the recreation area there is a recently cleared corridor along State Road AlA. This -41- corridor could be planted with wetland and upland plant species. 'Mis habitat area also contains elevated areas of spoil that have attracted exotic vegetation such as Australian Pine and Brazilian Pepper that could be removed. Habitat Area 2 Ile area in the vicinity of Uke Worth Inlet maintains high marine productivity because of the tidal influence provided by the inlet. A submerged area north of the Blue Heron Blvd. Bridge and immediately west of Palm Beach Isles has been deepened by past dredging, and has a potential for development of an inshore artificial reef The area will require ftirther investigation to determine the feasibility of such a project. Also in the vicinity of Lake Worth Inlet is the 72 acre Peanut Island which was created by dredge spoil deposition. The majority of the island is covered by Australian Pines. Peanut Island has been recognized as having great potential as a public recreation area. If Peanut Island is acquired by the state or county for public recreation purposes, reconfiguration of portions of the shoreline and interior for native habitat restoration could be undertaken in association with park development. Habitat Area 3 Ile areas immediately north and south of the Southern Boulevard Bridge and east of the Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway channel contain a number of small spoil islands known as Fishermans Island, The Bingham Islands and Hunters Island. Mangrove wetlands and seagrass beds are fairly abundant in the vicinity. This area is undeveloped, and is known for a moderate concentration of bird life. The islands are owned by the Town of Palm Beach. The types of activities previously suggested for Big Munyon Island could be undertaken to improve the habitat value of this diverse area. -42- Habitat Area 4 The area in the vicinity of South Lake Worth Inlet is subject to considerable tidal influence, and contains several habitat areas which could be enhanced. Beer Can Island which is located just northwest of the inlet has a badly eroding western shoreline, which could be protected with rip rap or enhanced a fringing mangrove community. Shoreline habitat creation could also be done at Ocean Inlet Park located south of the inlet. Just north of the Ocean Boulevard Bridge (Boynton Beach), the Intracoastal Waterway bisects the largest mangrove swamp in the southern portion of Lake Worth. The edges of the swamp are eroding and could be protected from wave energy by placement Of Tip rap. A similar site exists immediately south of the Ocean Avenue Bridge. Additional projects not located within the four habitat areas previously described have also been identified. All of the potential projects which have been identified are summarized in Table 14. The project sites are identified on Figure 14. 6.3 PROJECT EVALUATION T'he conceptual projects which have been identified were evaluated and rated through the use of a evaluation matrix which takes into account the following criteria: Construction resources requirements - considers access and staging for project construction, relative cost of materials equipment and labor required per unit of project, and any known unique construction problems associated with the project. The evaluation assumes that different types of construction activities can be made equivalent by adjusting linear distance or volume of construction activity. (eg: 50 linear feet of shoreline plantings may be equal to one tenth acre of artificial reef). -43- Maintenance requirements - considers the level of maintenance and monitoring required to assure project success. Maintenance considerations include items such as exotic plant control, replanting/replacement and general cleanup. Monitoring effort required can range from visual inspection to intensive data collection. Ecolop-ical benefits - the level of ecological benefit is dependent upon the size of project, existing conditions of the resources in the vicinity, ongoing human impacts in the area, and diversity of functions provided by the restored or enhanced habitat. Land availabili - considers public versus private ownership, as well as the probability of the owners permission and level of support for restoration efforts. Public gcceptance - considers whether the project may be objectionable to a particular special interest for reasons such as aesthetics or use restrictions. A project may also be of little interest, or may be highly supported by the general public. Probabili1y for success - considers site conditions which may effect the success of the project, as well as known success rates for similar completed projects. Proximity to significant natural resources - considers whether the project is within, close to, or isolated from an area of significant natural resources. The assumption is that clustered habitat resources will be of greater ecological value than small isolated habitat areas. Evaluation criteria values are presented in Table 15. The completed evaluation matrix is presented in Table 16. The evaluation matrix is an attempt to develop standard evaluation criteria for the comparison of conceptual projects. The resulting ratings are recommended only as a guideline to the selection of projects which are undertaken. Additional projects can be evaluated using the same matrix, and numerical values for evaluation criteria can be modified if complications are discovered during the planning phase of a given project. -44- TABLE 14 HABITAT RES17ORATION AND ENHANCEMENT PROJECTS SUMMARY Pr(ject No. Project Name Project Type Project Owner Project Area Comments Project Rating I MacArthur State Park Shoreline Plantings/Rip Rap Florida Department of Natural Up to 40M Imear ft. of Requires removal of exotic vegetation, A Area Resources shoreline and 5WO linear ft. mobilization of equipment and materials of roadside. to the island will be required, a moderate energy shoreline may increase maintenance requirement. 2 Palm Beach Isles-Hole Artificial Reef Florida Department of Natural Approximately 10 acres Barges and other heavy equipment will A Resources be required to transport reef building structures to the site. Should be highly utilized by marine fauna due to close proximity to inlet. Low maintenance, primarily monitoring, Obstruction of navigation may be a permitting concern. Peanut Island Shoreline Plantings/Rip Rap U.S. Coast Guard, Palm Beach Up to 7000 linear ft. Requires mobilization of equipment 2nd B County, Port of P21m Beach material to Island. Moderate energy shoreline and heavy human use may increase maintenance requirement. May be included in future Fork development plant. N. Lakeway Drive - Shoreline PlantingvRip Rap Palm Beach Country Club and Gulf 1500 linear ft. Accessible by conventional equipment. B Palm Beach Course Some removal of exotic vegetation required. Should not conflict with existing land use. Moderate energy shoreline may increase maintenance requirements. 5. West Palm Beach Rip Rap City of West Palm Beach 6000 linear ft. Rip rap can be placed at the toe of the C Bulkhead existing bulkhead with land based equipment. Habitat value will be diminished due to location. May cause a maintenance concern; ie., Etter trap. 6. Royal Park Bridge. Artificial Reef Florida Department of Natural Undetermined area Barges and other heavy equipment will C Hole Resources be required to transport reef building materials to the site. Location is isolated from other resource areas and inlets. Proximity to channel and residences May result in concerns and objections. 7. Southern Boulevard Shoreline Plantings/Rip Rap City of West Palm Beach 600 linear feet Located in the vicinity of other resources B Bridge-NW Shore but in a highly developed area. Site is ible by convention land based accessi equipment. Maintenance requirements may be increased by heavy human activity in area. 8. Palm Beach Islands Shoreline Plantings Town of Pabn Beach Several linear miles of Accessible by boat only. Will require A Shoreline removal of some exotic vegetation. Low energy shorelines and limited human activity will reduce maintenance needs. Located in an area of significant resources. 9. Southern Boulevard Artificial Reef Florida Department of Natural Undetermined area Barges and other heavy equipment B Bridge - Hole Resource& required to transport reef building materials to the site. Located in the vicinity of significant resources but away from inlets. impacts to navigation may be a permitting issue. 10. Ocean Avenue- Phipps Shoreline Plantingr/Rip Rap Town of Palm Beach and Private 2900 linear ft. Removal of exotic vegetation will be B Ocean Park Vicinity required. Somewhat isolated from other resources. Accessible by conventional land based equipment. Ibis Isles residents may object. 11. C-51 Shoreline Shoreline Plantings(Rip Rap South Florida Water Management 400 linear ft. Accessible by conventional land based C District equipment. High energy generated by spMway discharge may create maintenance problems. Isolated from significant resources. 12. Lake Worth Golf Shoreline Plantings/Rip Rap City of Lake Worth 7000 linear ft. Shoreline has some existing mangrove B Course and rip rap areas. Removal of exotic vegetation will be required. Isolated from significant resource areas. Accessible by conventional land based equipment. Moderate energy shoreline. 13. Ocean Avenue - South Shoreline plantings/ Rip Rap Privately Owned, adjacent to road 50DO linear ft. Accessible by conventional land based C Palm Beach corridor equipment. Removal of exotic vegetation will be required. Isolated from significant resource areas. Moderate energy shoreline. Degree of cooperation by adjacent residents unknown. 14. Half Moon Bay - Hole Artificial Reef Florida Department of Natural Undetermined area Barges and other heavy equipment C Resources required to transport reef building Materials to the site. Isolated from significant resources. Adjacent upland property owners may object concerning impacts to navigation. 15. Hyp-l- Spit Shoreline Plantings Town of Manalapan 400 linear ft. Site access is limited. Area is already vegetated by wetland plants to some degree. 7le level ofsupport by adjacent residents is unknown. Site is somewhat isolated. 16. Boynton Beach Boat Shoreline Plantings/ Rip Rap City of Boynton Beach 600 linear ft. Accessible by conventional land based A Civic Park equipment. Site already has some rip rap and mangroves. Close proidmity, to significant resources. Site limited in size. 17. Beer Can Island Shoreline PlairtingstRip, Rap South Lake Worth inlet District, 500 linear ft. Adjacent to inlet in an area of hirly A and Privately Owned diverse marine resources. Removal of exotic vegetation will be required. Accessible only by barge or boat. Area of high shoreline energy and heavy public use. 18. Ocean Inlet Park Shoreline P12ntinpiRip Rap Palm Beach County Parks 500 linear ft. Adjacent to inlet in a fitirly diverse B Recreation Department marine area. Accessible by conventional based equipment. High energy shoreline and heavy public use. 19. Ocean Ridge and Rip Rap Florida Inland Navigation District, 4500 linear ft. Eroding mangrove shoreline can be B Boynton Beach Corps of Engineers protected by rip rap. Barges and special Mangrove Areas equipment required to transport Materials to the site. Project area is somewhat isolated. Maintenance requirements minor. 20. County Owned Shoreline Plantings/Rip Rap Palm Beach County Department of 7.0 acres Eroding mangrove shoreline can be A Mangrove Preserve Environmental Resources protected by rip rip. Interior areas can Management be graded and planted with mangroves. Barges and special equipment required. Area is isolated. Minor maintenance requirements. Other Parks, Marinas. Public Public Information Various owners Over 50 potential sites Signs, displays, and other written Access Areas information regarding the natural resources of Lake Worth Lagoon Can be distributed to promote protection and support for restoration and enhancement. TABLE 15 PROJECT EVALUATION CRITERIA VALUES MatriK Value 1 2 T 3 Evaluation Criteria Construction Resources Requirements Special equipment, materials or services Conventional Construction with minor Conventional construction and labor. which will inflate cost per unit. special considerations. Maintenance Requirements Intensive maintenance required. Moderate routine maintenance required. Minor maintenance or monitoring only required. Ecological Benefits Minor benefits. Moderate benefits. Significant benefits. Land Availability Privately owned. Public ownership by a non-resource Public ownership by a resource related related entity. entity. Social Acceptance Some interests may object Neither significant objection or support Significant public support likely. anticipated. Probability for Success Poor-risky project. Good chance for success. Excellent chance of success. Praximity to Significant Natural Isolated. Within close proximity to a significant Within a significant resource area. Resources resource area. TABLE 16 PROJECF EVALUATION MAMX Project Number 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 Evaluation Criteria Construction Resources 2 1 1 3 2 1 3 2 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 1 3 1 3 1 1 Requirements I I I I I I Maintenance 3 3 2 2 1 3 2 2 3 2 1 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 3 3 Requirements I I I Ecological Benefit% 3 3 3 2 1 1 2 3 2 2 1 2 2 1 1 1 2 3 2 2 3 Land Availability 3 3 2 1 2 3 2 3 3 3 3 2 1 3 2 3 3 3 3 3 Public Acceptance 3 3 3 2 2 1 2 3 1 2 1 2 1 1 2 2 2 1 2 3 Probability for Success 3 3 2 1 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 1 3 1 2 2 1 2 2 3 1 2 2 3 Project Location in 3 3 3 2 1 1 2 3 2 2 1 1 1 1 2 3 3 3 1 3 Proxictity to Significant Natural Resources Total Score 20 19 16 14 1 1 12 15 19 14 16 11 15 12 12 12 17 17 16 Rank (A-() A A C A B B C B C C C A A I B B A No of Projects within each range and corresponding rank Totals Score Range Rank Total Number of Projects (17-20) A 6 (14-16) B 8 (11-13) C 6 LEGEND PROJECT NO. PROJECT PROJECT TYPE (D MACARTHUR STATE PARK AREA SHORELINE PLANTINGS/RIP RAP (D PALM BEACH ISLES HOLE ARTIFICIAL REEF G PEANUT ISLAND SHORELINE PLANTINGS/RIP RAP 0 N. LAKEWAY DRIVE PALM BEACH SHORELINE PLANTINGS/RIP RAP 0 WEST PALM BEACH BULKHEAD RIP RAP ROYAL PARK BRIDGE - HOLE ARTIFICIAL REEF SOUTHERN BOULEVARD BRIDGE - NW SHORE SHORELINE PLANTINGS/RIP RAP PALM BEACH ISLANDS SHORELINE PLANTINGS SOUTHERN BOULEVARD BRIDGE - HOLE ARTIFICIAL REEF OCEAN AVENUE - PHIPPS OCEAN PARK VICINITY SHORELINE PLANTINGS/RIP RAP (D C-51 SHORELINE SHORELINE PLANTINGS/RIP RAP 0 LAKE WORTH GOLF COURSE SHORELINE PLANTINGS/RIP RAP (D OCEAN AVENUE - SOUTH PALM BEACH SHORELINE PLAN7INGS/RIP RAP G HALF MOON BAY - HOLE ARTIFICIAL REEF HYPOLUXO ISLAND SPIT SHORELINE PLANTINGS BOYNTON BEACH BOAT CLUB PARK SHORELINE PLANTINGS/RIP RAP BEER CAN ISLAND SHORELINE PLANTINGS/RIP RAP OCEAN INLET PARK SHORELINE PLANTINGS/RIP RAP OCEAN RIDGE AND BOYNTON BEACH MANGROVE AREAS RIP RAP COUNTY-OWNED MANGROVE PRESERVE SHORELINE PLANTINGS/RIP RAP R P Im Beach County 'p',aftent of LAKE WORTH LAGOON D&M JOB NO. ENVIRONMENTAL 20335-001-0.4.9 HABITAT RESTORATION ttRESOURCES MANAGEMENT PROJECT AREAS @mmv@@@ LITTLE LAKE WORTH OjLj z-@j 0 MUNYON I I SLAND A 'r-j LITTLE -A* EARMAN RIVER (C-17) MUNYON ISLAND Palm Beach County D&M JOB NO. Department of LAKE WORTH LAGOON 0 1000 2000 20335-001-049 ENVIRONMENTAL HABITAT RESTORATION RESOURCES AND ENHANCEMENT SCAU FIGURE ItMANAGEMENT I PROJECT AREAS (FEET) 14-B A LITTLE AP EARMAN RIVER (C-17) MUNYON ISLAND BLUE HERON BRIDGE SINGER ISLAND PEANUT ISLAND LAKE WORTH INLET B Bs Palm Beach County Department of LAKE' WORTH LAGOON 0 1000 2000 D&M JOB NO. ENVIRONMENTAL HABITAT RESTORATION 20335-001-049 RESOURCES AND ENHANCEMENT SCALE FIGURE ItMANAGEMENT PROJECT AREAS (FEET) 14-C B FLAGLER MEMORIAL BRIDGE., CLEAR C C9 7 @LEARV LAKE Palm Beach County Department of LAKE WORTH LAGOON 0 1000 2000 D&M JOB NO. ENVIRONMENTAL HABITAT RESTORATION 20335-001-049 RESOURCES AND ENHANCEMENT SCAU FIGURE MANAGEMENT EriNvin fcoNll@mlm (FEET) 14-D MMM-M 'co tz > Z En t@; > 0 U) EVERGLADES ISLAND ca Co cz cz to m " z C. Df N E ISLAND 8 WEST PALM BEACH CANAL (C 0 IBIS ISLE E LAKE AVENUE BRIDGE E Palm Beacb County Department of LAKE WORTH LAGOON 0 1000 2000 D&M JOB NO. ENVIRONMENTAL HABITAT RESTORATION 20335-001-049 RESOURCES AND ENHANCEMENT SCAM FIGURE *MANAGEMENT PROJECT AREAS (FEET) 14-F Vo ukt AVENUE BRIDGE OCEAN AVENUE BRIDGE 0 F Ff Palm Beach D&M JOB NO. Department icounty LAKE WORTH LACOON 0 1000 2000 20335-001-049 f ENVIRON@ENTAL HABITAT RESTORATION RESOURCES AND ENHANCEMENT SCALE FIGURE WMANAGEMENT PROJECT AREAS I (FEET) 14-G F BEER CAN ISLAND SOUTH LAKE WORTH INLET BOYNTON CANAL (C- 16) OCEAN AVENUE BRIDGE ;n r" Beach county D&M JOB NO. Department If LAKE WORTH LACOON 0 1000 2000 20335-001-049 v ENVIRONMENTAL "A vL 00. RESOURCES AND ENHANCEMENT SCAM FIGURE MANAGEMENT PROJECT AREAS (FEET) 14-H 7.0 NATURAL RESOURCES EVALUATION AND RECOMMENDATIONS Analysis of the information used to compile this report leads to several observations regarding the status of water quality and natural resources in Lake Worth Lagoon. 1. Lake Worth Lagoon was historically a freshwater lake. Man's activities have changed it to a productive estuarine lagoon over the past 100 years. As an important fish and wildlife, recreational, and aesthetic resource it is desirable to maintain Lake Worth Lagoon as a healthy estuarine lagoon system. 2. Overall water quality has stabilized or slightly improved in recent years. Water quality is currently classified by the TSI at the lower end of the good range. Benthic diversity and sediment chemistry suggest a chronic condition of moderate pollution. Since point sources have been significantly reduced in recent years, stormwater runoff is apparently the major source of pollutants. The presence of PAH's and elevated metals concentrations in lagoon sediments supports this assumption. Over three hundred stormwater outfall pipes discharge directly to Lake Worth Lagoon. Hundreds of other outfalls discharge into C-16, C-17, and C-51, the major freshwater inflows to the lagoon. Additionally, the impact of stormwater discharge can be expected to increase as undeveloped lands in the canal drainage basins are converted to urban types of development. In order to improve water quality in Lake Worth, elimination of remaining point sources, as well as treatment or diversion of stormwater discharges must occur. Strategies which could be employed after proper investigation, identification of problem areas, and planning efforts include storrawater retrofit or diversion, stormwater utilities, and increased performance criteria for new sources. 3. Boating and marina activity in Lake Worth Lagoon contribute to overall water quality and habitat degradation. Proper monitoring and management of boating activities will minimize the impact while still providing recreational boating opportunities. -45- 4. Drastic habitat losses have occurred through the years as a result of shoreline urbanization and dredge and fill activities. Over 65% of the shoreline has been bulkheaded. Over 87% of the original mangrove habitat has been lost resulting in only 19% of the shoreline (including islands) being fringed by mangroves. Despite direct impacts by dredge and fill activities and indirect impacts of degraded water quality, considerable areas of habitat, including over 2000 acres of segrass beds remain, and a diverse population of fish and wildlife species utilize the habitat areas. Remaining habitat should be protected through regulation, public awareness, and public acquisition. Until the time when an overall management plan can be implemented, enhancement and restoration of impacted habitats should be pursued where feasible as suggested in the Habitat Restoration and Enhancement section of this report. 5. Existing monitoring programs do not provide data which is adequate to definitively track ongoing resource trends. As restoration, management and enhancement activities are implemented, an ongoing comprehensive water quality and habitat monitoring program should also be implemented to measure the degree of success of various activities in the overall enhancement of Lake Worth Lagoon. -46- I I I I I I I I I I APPENDIX SECTION 8.0 1 1 1 I I I I I I I APPENDIX 8.1 References/Literaturo Data Saito Contents Applied Biology, Inc. 1976. Ecological Parameter Monitoring at the Riviera Plant. Florida Power & Light Company Report. Area Planning Board of Palm Beach County. 1974. Stormwater Study Design, West Palm Beach. Area Planning Board of Palm Beach County. Area Planning Board of Palm Beach County. 1979. Palm Beach County 208 Areawide Waste Treatment Management Plan. Area Planning Board of Palm Beach County. Area Planning Board of Palm Beach County. 1980. A Profile of Palm Beach County Municipalities, July 1980. Area Planning Board of Palm Beach County. Arthur V. Strock and Associates, Inc. 1983. Sand Search in South Lake Worth. Report Prepared for Palm Beach County. Austin, D. F., Weise, J.G. 1972. Annotated Checklist of the Boynton Beach Hammock. Quarterly Journal of the Florida Academy of Science. 35:145-154. Bach, S.D. 1984. Summary of Water Quality Sediment and Biological Studies for Lake Worth, Florida. Unpublished. Bane, LL. 1979. A Seasonal Study of Sessile Marine Fouling Organisms in Northern Lake Worth, Florida. M. S. Thesis Florida Atlantic Univ. Barry, J. J. 111. 1981. Letter From Florida Department of Health and Rehabilitative Services to Trust for Public Land Regarding Little Munyon Island. Beccasio, A. D., Fotheringham, N., Redfield, A.E., Frew, R. L, Levitan, W.M., Smith, J.E., Woodrow, J.0., Jr. 1982. Gulf Coast Ecological Inventory: User's Guide and Information Base. Report #FWS/OBS/82/55. Beeler, E. I., O'Shea, T. J. 1988. Distribution and Mortality of the West Indian Manatee (Dichechus manatus) in the Southeastern United States: A Compilation and Review of Recent Information. National Ecology Research Center Report No. 88-09. Birnhak, B.K 1974. An Examination of the Influence of Fresh Water Canal Discharges on Salinity in Selected Southeastern Florida Estuaries. South Florida Environmental Project, Report #DI-SFEP-74-19. Bishop, W. M. 1973. Palm Beach County Water Quality Management Plan. Volume 1 Implementation Strategy. Area Planning Board of Palm Beach County. Boynton Beach, City of. 1989. Comprehensive Plan. City Comprehensive Plan Brink, L, 1976, Bicentennial Commission of Riviera Beach, Florida. A History of Riviera Beach, Brogan, J. 1987. Boat Owners Want Their Place in The Sun. Palm Beach Post, February 16, 1987. Bromwell and Carrier, Inc. 1989. Long-Range Dredged Material Management Plan for the Intracoastal Waterway in Palm Beach County, Florida. Prepared for Florida Inland Navigation District. Brucker, W. M. 1958. Palm Beach County From Lake Worth Inlet to South Lake Worth Inlet, Florida, Beach Erosion Control Study. 85th Congress 2nd Session, House Document No. 342, U.S. Government Printing Office. Bruun, P.M., Battjes, J.A., Chiu, T.Y., Purpura, J. A- 1966. Coastal Engineering Model Studies of Three Florida Coastal Inlets. Engineering Progress at the University of Florida, Volume XX, No. 6 Bulletin #122 Section E. Caldwell, J. M. 1950. Bypassing Sand at South Lake Worth Inlet, Florida. Proceedings of the First Coastal Engineering Conference, Pages 320-325. Causaras, C. R. 1981. Annotated Bibliography of the Geology and Hydrology of the Surficial Aquifers in Dade, Broward and Palm Beach Counties, Florida. U.S.G.S. Open File Report 82-154. Central and Southern Florida Flood Control District 1968. Present and Projected Land Use Analysis of the Earman River Canal (C-17) West Palm Beach, Florida. Central and Southern Florida Flood Control District Central and Southern Florida Flood Control District. 1973. Preliminary Evaluation Report on Land and Water Management Planning in the C-51 Watershed. Prepared for Division of State Planning, State Department of Administration. Chiu, T. Y., Van De Kreeke, J., Dean, R.G. 1970. Residence Times of Waters Behind Barrier Islands. Completion Report to the Office of Water Resources Research, Department of the Interior. Christensen, B. A., Snyder, R.M. 1975. Physical Modeling of Scour Initiation and Sediment Transport in Distorted Tidal Models. Symposium on Modeling Techniques, Vol. 11, September, 1975. Christensen, R. F. 1965. An Ichthyological Survey of Jupiter Inlet and Loxahatchee River, Florida. M. S. Thesis, Florida State University, December 1965. Clark, J., Smith, W. G., Kendall, A. W., Jr., Rahay, M. P. 1970. Studies of Estuarine Dependence of Atlantic Coastal Fishes. Bureau of Sport Fisheries Wildlife Technical Paper No. 59. Coastal and Oceanographic Engineering Department. 1971. Observations at South Lake Worth Inlet. University of Florida (71/010). Coastal and Oceanographic Engineering Laboratory. 1968. Interim Report, South Lake Worth Inlet Study. University of Florida (68/001). Coastal and Oceanographic Engineering Laboratory. 1969. Sand Tracing Program for Specific Areas on the Lower East Coast of Florida, Palm Beach Area From Lake Worth Inlet to South Lake Worth Inlet. University of Florida (69/005). Coastal and Oceanographic Engineering Laboratory. 1969. Sand Tracing Program for Specific Areas on the Lower East Coast of Florida, Riviera Beach to Lake Worth Inlet. University of Florida (69/008). Coastal Planning and Engineering, Inc. 1986. Beach and Inlet Shoal Monitoring at Manalapan and Ocean Ridge for Palm Beach County. Coastal Engineering Laboratory. 1958. Engineering Information on the Behavior of Lake Worth Inlet Resulting From the Proposed Deepening of the Inlet to Accommodate Vessels of Greater Depth. University of Florida (581001). Coastal Engineering Laboratory. 1964. Coastal Engineering Study of South Lake Worth Inlet. University of Florida (64/005). Coastal Engineering Laboratory. 1965. The Effect of South Lake Worth Inlet and its Bypassing Plant on Adjacent Shores; Present and New Installation. University of Florida (65/004). Consulting Engineering and Science, Inc. 1988. Riviera Beach Benthic Vegetation Map, Bathymetric Data. Map Report. Continental Shelf Associates, Inc. 1983. Environmental Characterization and Impact Assessment of the Proposed South Lake Worth Sand Source Site. Submitted to Palm Beach County Commission. Cotter, D. D. 1974. Tide-Induced Net Discharge in Lagoon-Inlet Systems. University of MiamL RSMAS, Technical Report No. 74031. Cox, A C. 1988. Distribution and Species Composition of Tree Islands in Martin and Palm Beach Counties. M. S. Thesis, Florida Atlantic University. Cubit Engineering Ltd. 1986. Preliminary Evaluation of Proposed Alternatives for Sand Bypassing at South Lake Worth Inlet Report for the Town of Ocean Ridge. Cubit Engineering Ltd. 1988. Florida Department of Natural Resources Amended Order Relating to South Lake Worth Inlet, Evaluation of Gee and Jenson Report. Cullen, P. 1973. Who Killed Lake Worth? Almost Everyone. Palm Beach Post Article, December 23, 1973, Section B, Page 1. Curl, D. W. 1986. Palm Beach County, An Illustrated History. Published by Windsor Publication, Inc. CZR Incorporated. 1989. Half Moon Bay Seagrass and Benthic Survey. Unpublished Letter to K. Hovnanian. Davis, J. H., Jr. 1983. The Natural Features of Southern Florida. Florida Geological Bulletin No. 25:6-307. Davis, T. 1985. Loxahatchee Basin Water Quality Fiscal Year 1984. Unpublished Report of Florida Department of Environmental Regulation. Davis, T. L. 1985. Lake Worth Basin Water Quality Assessment Fiscal Year 1985. Florida Department of Environmental Regulation Report Davis, P., Barry, J., Lubitz, S. 1987. Report on Live Aboard Vessels Moored in Open Waters. Palm Beach County Health Department File Report. Dean, R. G. 1983. Draft-Erosion Considerations Along the Beaches of T'he Town of Ocean Ridge, Phase I Results. Report to the Town of Ocean Ridge. Dean, R. G. 1988. Florida Department of Natural Resources Amended Order Relating to South Lake Worth Inlet, Evaluation of Gee and Jenson Report and Recommended Methodology and Results. Deis, D. R. 1978. The Effects of a Wastewater Outfall on Benthic Invertebrates in Lake Worth (Palm Beach County), Florida. M. S. Thesis, Florida Atlantic University. DERM. Fisheries Assessment, Final Report to DERM. June 1, 1984. Dowgiallo, M. J., Sheifer, 1. C., Everdale, F. G., Pechmann, K B., Predoehl, M. D., Waltz, T. W. 1988. Marine EnvironmentalAssessment Southeastern U.S. 1986 Annual Summary. U S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Dubois, B. W. 1975. Shipwrecks in the Vicinity of Jupiter Inlet Privately Printed. Duever, L. C., Iverson, G. B., Lund, P.F., Duever, J. J., Porzel, F. P., Burch, J. N., Meeder, J.D. 1981. Resource Inventory and Analysis of the John D. MacArthur Beach State Recreation Area. Publication of The Nature Conservancy and Ecosystem Research Unit Farman, J. S., Earman, E. A. 1977. Big Joe Earman. Private Printing. Ebel, P. 1979. Habitat Destruction. Palm Beach Post, August 5, 1979. Eden, E. W. 1957. Effect of Lake Worth and South Lake Worth Inlets on the Movement of Littoral Material. Proceedings of the Sixth Coastal Engineering Conference, Pages 439456. Eyre, L. A. 1971. Tidewater Shorelines in Broward and Palm Beach Counties, Florida: An Analysis of Characteristics and Changes Interpreted From Color Infrared and Thermal Aerial Imagery. Technical Report #11, Florida Atlantic University, Department of Geography. Fineren, W. W. 1924. The Proposed South Lake Worth Ocean Inlet Near Boynton, Florida. The Florida Engineer and Contractor. First Federal Savings & Loan Assoc. of Lake Worth. 1967. Lure of the Sun, A Story of Palm Beach County, Lake Worth, Florida. Historical Publication. Florida Board of Conservation. 1955. Sand Transfer Across Lake Worth Inlet, A Method of Correcting Erosion At An Inlet. Water Survey and Research Paper Number 14. Florida Department of Environmental Regulation. 1977. Memo to Terry Davis from Alok Krishen Regarding North Lake Worth Finger Canals Statistical Analysis of Metal Data. Florida Department of Environmental Regulation Memo. Florida Department of Environmental Regulation. 1980. Permit Application For City of Riviera Beach Marine/Recreation Complex. File #DF 50-27818. Florida Department of Environmental Regulation. 1982. Bioassays of the Anchorage Drive Wastewater Treatment Plant, North Palm Beach, Palm Beach County, Florida. NPDES #FL0029106. Florida Department of Environmental Regulation, Biology. Florida Department of Environmental Regulation. 1983. Permit Application Appraisal, File No. 500729109, Field Report on Proposed Dock Construction at Sailfish Marina, Palm Beach County. Florida Department of Environmental Regulation File. Florida Department of Environmental Regulation. 1984. Memo To Mike Nichols From Harvey Rudolph Regarding Benthic Macroinvertebrate Survey for the Millings Dredge and Fill ProjecL Florida Department of Environmental Regulation Memo. Florida Department of Environmental Regulation. 1985. Bioassays of the Seacoast Utilities Sewage Treatment Plant, North Palm Beach, Palm Beach County, Florida, NPDES #FL0029106. Florida Department of Environmental Regulation Report. Florida Department of Environmental Regulation. 1986. Bioassays of the Seacoast Utilities Sewage Treatment Plant, North Palm Beach, Palm Beach County, Florida. FDER Report, NPDES #FLOO29106. Florida Department of Environmental Regulation. 1987. Bioassays of Florida Power & Light Company Riviera Beach Plant, Cooling Water Discharge Riviera Beach, Palm Beach County, Florida. Biology Section, Division of Environmental Programs. NPDES #FLOO01546. Florida Department of Environmental Regulation. 1989. Memo to Larry O'Donnell and Becky Moore from Harvey Rudolph Dated August 13, 1984. Florida Department of Environmental Regulation Memo. Florida Department of Environmental Regulation. 1989. Bioassays of Seacoast Utilities Sewage Treatment Plant, North Palm Beach, Palm Beach County, Florida. Biology Section Reprot, NPDES #FLOO29106. Florida Department of Environmental Regulation. 1990. Public Works Program - Navigation - Flood Damage Prevention, Shore Protection, Environmental Restoration and Enhancement. FDER Publication. Fl. Interagency Adv. Comm. on Submerged Land Mgt 1968. Bulkhead Line Review and Recommendations for Brevard, Dade, Monroe, Palm Beach, Pinellas, Lee, Manatee, Duval, and Sarasota Counties. WMD 333.91617. Florida Department of Natural Resources. 1984. Loxahatchee River-Lake Worth Creek Aquatic Preserve Management Plan. Management Plan. Florida Department of Natural Resources. 1989. Inventory of Outdoor Recreation Facilities and Participation Data. Unpublished Computer Printout. Florida Sportsman. 1981. Showers Plus Spillways. Florida Sportsman, September 1981, Pages 7-9. Florida Sportsman. 1983. The Ins And Outs Of A "In" Inlet. Florida Sportsman, August 1983. Pages 16-20. Florida Sportsman. 1985. The Fishy Flats of Lake Worth. Florida Sportsman, November 1985, Pages 7-12. Florida Sportsman. 1987. The Wall Walkers of West Palm Beach. Florida Sportsman, November 1987, Pages 36-41. Florida Sportsman. 1988. The Fishy Lake of Palm Beach County. Florida Sportsman, April 1988, Pages 67-70. Florida State Board of Health. 1950. Lake Worth Pollution Survey 1949-50. Bureau of Sanitary Engineering Report. Florida State Board of Health. 1960. Southeast Florida Canal Study. Bureau of Sanitary Engineering Study. Florida State Board of Health. 1962. Progress Report - Lake Worth Survey - July-August 1962. Bureau of Sanitary Engineering Report Frost, G. 1965. Sand Transfer Facilities, Palm Beach County. Garces, H. 1988. Distribution and Ecology of Taltric Amphipods at Lake Wyman, Boca Raton, Florida. M.S. Thesis, Florida Atlantic University. Gee and Jenson, Inc. 1988. Engineering Report Response to the Florida Department of Natural Resources' Amended Order, Dated January 11, 1988: Report Prepared for the South Lake Worth Inlet District. Gilmore, R. G., Jr. 1977. Fishes of the Indian River Lagoon and Adjacent Waters. Bulletin of Florida State Museum, Biological Sciences 22(3):101-148. DNR-WPB, Ed Irby. Gilmore, R. G., Jr., Donohoe, C., Cooke, D., Herrema, D. 1981. Fishes of the Indian River Lagoon and Adjacent Waters. Harbor Branch Foundation, Inc., Technical Report No. 41. Goolsby, D. A., Mattrow, H.C. Lamonds, A- G., Maddy, D. V., Rollo, J. R. 1976. Analysis of Historical Water- quality Data and Description of Plan for Sampling Network in Central and Southern Florida. U.S. Geological Survey Water Resources Investigation 76-52. Hagan, J.E. 1970. Preliminary Report on Lake Worth. U.S. Government Memorandum to Paul J. Traina, Chief of Technical Services, Southeast Water Lab. PBC ERM, DNR - Ed Irby. Hagan, J. E. 111. 1972. Estuarine Surveys in the Southeast. Coastal Zone Pollution Management, Proceedings of the Symposium, Charleston, S.C., Feb. 21-22, 1972. Hand, J., Tauxe, V., Friedemann, M. 1988. Water Quality Assessment for the State of Florida, July 1988 Techical Report (305B). FDER Bureau of Surface Water Management. Harbor Branch Foundation. 1990. Indian River Coastal Zone Museum Holdings - Lake Worth Lots. Unpublished Listing. PBC ERM Files, HBF. Haris, B., K-D. Haddad, R.A- Steindinger, J.A. Huff. 1983, Assessment of Fisheries Habitat: Charlotte Harbor and Lake Worth, Florida Department of Natural Resources. Harper, R. M. 1927. Natural Resources of Southern Florida. 18th Annual Report of Florida Geological Survey. Hedgepeth, M., 1985. Ecological Comparisons of Ichthyofaunal Communities in Lake Worth and the Loxahatchee River, Palm Beach and Martin Counties, Southeastern Florida with Special References to the Effects of Anthropogenic Changes. Unpublished Report for the Florida Department of Natural Resources Bureau of Marine Research Marine Research Laboratory St Petersburg. Fl. Herd, G., Kalber, F., Marsh, G. A., Pimentel, P., Stephan, C. R., Akhurst, D.O. 1972. A Report on Water Quality of Lake Worth. Aquatic Council of the Palm Beaches, Unpublished. Herrema, D. J. 1974. Marine and Brackish Water Fishes of Southern Palm Beach and Northern Broward Counties. M.S. Thesis, Florida Atlantic University. Iverson, G. B., Austin, D. F. 1988. Inventory of Native Ecosystems in Palm Beach County Phase III Report Location and Evaluation of Sites for Possible Preservation as Wilderness Island Park Preserves. Florida Atlantic University Consultants to Palm Beach County Report. Jolley, J. W., Jr. 1973. Report on the December 6, 1973 Bio-Physical Survey of Peanut Island, Palm Beach County Florida (Proposed Land Acquisition). A Report to the Florida Department of Natural Resources, Bureau of Planning and Grants. Jolley, J. W., Jr. 1976. Comments Concerning Proposed Development of North Lake Worth In And Around Little Munyon Island. A Letter to G. Tolman, DER. Jolley, J. W., Jr. 1979. Bibliography and Summary Concerning the Biological Status and use of Lands and Waters of Lake Worth, Palm Beach County, Florida. Unpublished. PBC ERM, WPB-Fishing Club File. Jolley, J. W., Jr., Irby, E. W., Jr. 1977. Comments Concerning the Proposed Four-Lane Construction of AIA on Singer Island. Letter to J. Howland, DOT. K. C. Mock and Associates. 1962. Investigation of Tidal Hydraulics of the South Lake Worth Inlet and Its Effect on Tide Levels in Lake Worth. Kelso, J. 1976. Fewer Mangroves Mean Fewer Fish To Catch. Palm Beach Post, March 16, 1976. Kelso, J. 1976. God Never Built A SeawalL Palm Beach Post, March 14, 1976. Kelso, J. 1976. Restoration of Lake Worth - Two Alternatives. Palm Beach Post Kirtley, D. L 1966. Intertidal Reefs of Sabellariidae (Annelida, Polychaeta) Along the Coasts of Florida. Unpublished M. S. Thesis, Florida State University. Kirtley, D. W., 1966. Reefbuilding Polychaetous Annelids, Family Sabellariidae, in Florida. 1966 Annual Meeting, S. E. Section of Geological Society of America, Abstract 30. Klein, H., Armbruster, J. T., McPherson, B. F., Freiberger, H.J. 1975. Water and the South Florida Environment U.S. Geological Survey Water Resources Investigation 24-75. Knappen Tippetts Abbett McCarthy, Engineers. 1954. Report on Sand Transfer Facility at Lake Worth Inlet, Palm Beach, Florida. Lake Worth, City of. No Date. Comprehensive Plan. City of Lake Worth Comprehensive Plan. Lake Worth Historian. 1896. Pages 15 and 16 of Lake Worth Historian. Land, L. F. 1975. Effects of Lowering Interior Canal Stages on Salt-Water Intrusion into the Shallow Aquifer in Southeast Palm Beach County, Florida. USGS Open File Report FL 75-74. Land, L. F. 1977. Ground-Water Resources of the Riviera Beach Area, Palm Beach County, Florida. USGS Water Resources Investigations 77-47. Land, L F., Rogis, H. G., Schneider, J.J. 1973. Appraisal of the Water Resources of Eastern Palm Beach County, Florida. USGS Report of Investigations #67. Lantana, Town of. 1989. Town of I-antana Comprehensive Plan. Town Comprehensive Plan. Lee, T. N, 1975. Circulation and Exchange Processes in Southeast Florida's Coastal Lagoons. University of Miami, RSMAS, Technical Report TR75-3. Lewis, R. R. III., Gilmore, R. G., Jr., Crewz, D. W., Odum, W. E. 1985. Mangrove Habitat and Fishery Resources of Florida. Florida Aquatic Habitat and Fishery Resources. Lin, S. 1982. Preliminary Report on Rainstorm of April 23-26, 1982. South Florida Water Management District, Water Resources Division. Linehan, M. C. 1980. Early Lantana, Her Neighbors and More ... Bryon Kennedy & Company, St. Petersburg. Lyman, F. B. 1937. Conus mus Hwass., in Lake Worth, Florida. Nautilus, Vol. 50(3):103-104. Mangrove Systems, Inc. 1983. Sailfish Marina Biological Survey Report. Prepared for Gerald M. Ward, P.E., Consulting Engineer. Mann, T. M. 1977. Impact of Developed Coastline on Nesting and Hatchling Sea Turtles in Southeastern Florida, M,S, Thesis, Florida Atlantic University. Mann, T. M. 1978. Impact of Developed Coastline on Nesting Sea Turtles in Southeastern Florida. Proceedings of the Florida and Interregional Conference on Sea Turtles. Florida Marine Resources. Publication No. 33. Marsh, G. A- 1974. An Ecological Study of the Intracoastal Waterway and Adjacent Canal Systems at Boca Raton, Florida. Final Report, Joint FAU-FlU Center for Urban and Environmental Problems. Masthead, The. No date. The Official Publication of Old Port Yacht Club - North Palm Beach. Local Newsletter. Michael G. Purmont and Associates, Inc. 1980. Topographic Survey of MacArthur Park. Michael G. Purmont and Associates, Deerfield Beach, Florida. Middleton, S. R. 1959. Installation and Operation of Fixed Sand Bypassing Plant at Lake Worth Inlet, Florida. Shore and Beach, Volume 27(l):32-35. Mikkelson, P. S., Mikkelson, P. M., 1986. List of Molluscan Species of Peanut Island, Lake, Worth, Florida. Unpublished, lst Revision, March 1986. Miller, R. A. 1979. Characteristics of Four Urbanized Basins in South Florida. U. S. Geological Survey Open File Report 79-694. Miller, W. L. 1975. Nutrient Concentrations of Surface Waters for Southern Florida, September 1970 to April 1975. U.S. Geological Survey Opcn-File Report FL-75010. Miller, W. L., Lietz, A C. 1976. Quality-Of-Water Data, Palm Beach County, Florida 1970-1975. U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 76-784. Milleson, J. F., Goodrick, R. L 1979. Environmental Assessment of Munyon Island and Surrounding Aquatic Habitats. South Florida Water Management Distria Mock, Roos & Search, Inc. 1975. Preliminary Storm Drainage Study for City of Lake Worth, Florida. Engineering Investigation Report. Morris, F. W., Christensen, B. A. 1976. Hydrodynamics and Flushing Characteristics of Residential Canals in Palm Beach County. Hydraulics Laboratory, University of Florida Report to Palm Beach County Commission. Mucha, F. 1989. Peanut Island. Newsletter of Greater Miami Shell Club, May 6, 1989. Murphy, E. B., Steidinger, K A., Roberts, B. S., Williams, J. Jolley, J.W., Jr. 1975. An Explanation for the Florida East Coast GymnodMhim breve Red Tide of November 1972. Limnology and Oceanography, Vol. 20, No. 3:481486. McClelland, S. 1981. C-17 Canal (Earman River) Intensive Survey Documentation. Florida Department of Environmental Regulation Bureau of Water Analysis, WQTS. Vol. 1, No. 38. McCollum, S H., Cruz, 0. E., Stem, L.T., Wittstruck, W. H., Ford, R. D., Watts, F. C. 1978. Soil Survey of Palm Beach Area, Florida. Soil Conservation Service In Cooperation With Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences. McCrary, J. P., Jolley, J. W., Tapp, C., Waldner, R. E. 1985. Overview of Habitat Degradation in Florida. Unpublished Document of Palm Beach County Chapter of the Florida Conservation Association. New River Times. No Date. New River Times Magazine. Waterfront Publishing Magazine. Packard, J, M* 19111. Abundance, Distribution, and Feeding Habits of Manatees (2Wchechus manatus) Wintering Between St Lucie and Pahn Beach Inlets, Florida. U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Pahn Beach County Environmental Resource Management 1983. Sewerage Spill - West Palm Beach. Palm Beach County Environmental Resource Management Report. Palm Beach County Environmental Resource Management 1983. Seagrass Map of North Lake Worth, South of Munyon Island. Unpublished Map. Palm Beach County Environmental Resource Management 1984. Lake Worth Sewerage Discharge Study. Palm Beach County Environmental Resource Management Report Palm Beach County Environmental Resource Management 1987. Seacoast Utilities - Anchorage (Earman River) Palm Beach County Environmental Resource Management Report. Palm Beach County Environmental Resource Management 1987. Seacoast Utilities (Earman River) Study. Field Notes and Newspaper Article. Palm Beach County Environmental Resource Management 1988. Lake Shore Quadrille. Unpublished Seagrass Map. Palm Beach County Environmental Resource Management 1989. Seagrass Survey, Lake Worth. Unpublished Map. Pahn Beach County Environmental Resource Mgnit. 1987. Live Aboards. Boat Survey. Palm Beach County Health Department. 1972. Land Use Plan. Land Use Plan for Palm Beach County. Palm Beach County Health Department. 1986. Riviera Beach Water Treatment Plant Survey. Unpublished File From Palm Beach County Health Department PBC ERM Files - C.V. Palm Beach County Health Department 1974. Palm Beach County Marina Data file. Unpublished. PBC ERM Files. Pierce, C. W*, 1970, Pioneer Life in Southeast Florida. University of Miami Press, Coral Gables, Florida. WMD Library 975.93P. Piley, O.H., Jr., Sharma, D. C., Wanless, H. R., Doyle, L J., Pilkey, O.H., Sr., Neal, W. J., Gruver, B. L. 1984. Living with the East Florida Shore. Duke University Press Book. Raymond, P. W., Rose, P.M. 1981. Manatees Thchecus manatus: Abundance and Distribution in and Around Several Florida Power Plant Effluents. Annual Report of FP&L, Contract No. 31534-825111. Reed, J. K 1975. Benthic Macrofaunal Associations in Lake Worth, Florida, and Their Use as Indicators of Water Quality. M.S. Thesis, Florida Atlantic Univerity. Reed, J. K 1977. Benthic Macrofaunal Associations in Lake Worth, Florida. Florida Scientist 40 (Suppl. 1):11. Palm Beach County Environmental Resource Management Files. Rehrer, R. G. 1976. Part II: Distribution of Algae and Animals of Lake Worth in Relation to Salinity. In: Van De Kreeke, Freshwater Inflow and its Effects on the Salinity and Biota of Shallow Lagoons. Rehrer, R. G. 1977. Biological and Physical Data from Lake Worth, Florida. May 1973-January 1975. University of Miami, RSMAS, Data Report DR-77-3. Rehrer, R. G. 1977. Effects of Freshwater Inflow on Selected Macroinvertebrates and Fishes in Lake Worth, Florida. University of Miami, RSMAS, Technical Report. Research Planning Institute, Inc. 1984. The Sensitivity of Coastal Environments and Wildlife to Spilled Oil in the Treasure Coast Region. RPI/R/84/8/2-22 Prepared for the Florida Department of Community Affairs. Reynolds, J. E., III., Wilcox, J. R. 1985. Abundance of the West Indian Manatee (INchechus manatus) Around Selected Florida Power Plants Following Winter Cold Fronts: 1982-1983. Bulletin of Marine Science, 36(3):413-422, 1985. Reynolds, J. E., 111. 1984. Distribution and Abundance of the West Indian Manatee (7Wchechus manatus) Around Selected Florida Power Plants Following Winter Cold Fronts: 1983-1984. Final Report Prepared for Florida Power and Light Company. Reynolds, J. E., 111. 1985. Distribution and Abundance of the West Indian Manatee (INchechus manatus) Around Selected Florida Power Plants Following Winter Cold Fronts: 1984-1985. Final Report Prepared for Florida Power and Light Company. Reynolds, J. E., 111. 1986. Distribution and Abundance of the West Indian Manatee (Vichechus manatus) Around Selected Florida Power Plants Following Winter Cold Fronts: 1985-1986. Final Report Prepared for Florida Power and Light Company. Reynold,, J. E., 111, 1987. Distribution and Abundance of the West Indian Manatee (Dichechus manatus) Around Selected Florida Power Plants Following Winter Cold Fronts: 1986-1987. Final Report Prepared for Florida Power and Light Company. Reynolds, J. E., 111. 1988. Distribution and Abundance of the West Indian Manatee (Tichechus manatus) Around Selected Florida Power Plants Following Winter Cold Fronts: 1987-1988. Final Report Prepared for Florida Power and Light Company. Reynolds, J. E., 111. 1989. Distribution and Abundance of the West Indian Manatee (Dichechus manatus) Around Selected Florida Power Plants Following Winter Cold Fronts: 1988-1989. Final Report Prepared for Florida Power and Light Company. Richardson, D. R. 1976. Habitat and Successional Changes of the Atlantic Coastal Ridge of Palm Beach County, Florida. M. S. Thesis, Florida Atlantic University. Richardson, D. R. 1977. Vegetation of the Atlantic Coastal Ridge of Palm Beach County, Florida. Florida Scientist, 40:281-330. Richardson, D. R. 1984. (Amphitecna latifolia) (Bignoniaceae) In Florida. Florida Scientist, Vol. 47(l):73-75. Rodis, H. G. 1973. Encroaching Salt Water in Northeast Palm Beach County, Florida. U.S.G.S. Map Series 59. Rogers, G. R., (no date) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Unpublished data of 1970 Study of Lake Worth Lagoon, Florida. Rogers, G. R. 1972. Studies of Lake Worth Lagoon. Environmental Protection Agency, Unpublished Mimeo. Rose, P. M., McCutcheon, S. P. 1980. Manatees (7)ichechus manatus): Abundance and Distribution In and Around Several Florida Power Plant Effluents. Final Report Prepared for Florida Power and Light Company, Contract No. 31534 86626. Rudolph, H. 1989. A Benthic Invertebrate Survey of Lake Worth, Florida in February and August, 1985 - A Biological Basin Assessment Survey. Florida Department of Environmental Regulation, Southeast Florida District Report. Rusnak, G. A., Stockman, K W., Hofmann, H. A. 1966. The Role of Shell Material in the Natural Replenishment Cycle of the Beach and Nearshore Area Between Lake Worth Inlet and the Miami Ship Channel. Schneider, J. R. 1973. Tidal Relations along the Intracoastal Waterway, Palm Beach County, Florida. U.S.G.S. Open File Report FL-73021. Schroeder, M. D. 1954. Water Resources of Palm Beach County, Florida. Florida Bureau of Geology Report of Investigations No. 13. Schropp, S. and F. Calder, 1989. Florida Department of Environmental Regulation. Tallahassee Office, Coastal Zone Management Section - Unpublished Study of Lake Worth Sediments. Senour, C. 1959. Sand Bypassing Plant at Lake Worth Inlet, Florida. American Society of Civil Engineers, Journal of the Waterways and Harbor Division, Vol. 85:69-87. Snyder, D. 1984. Species Richness, Abundance and Occurrence of Grassbed Fishes From Jupiter Inlet, Florida. M.S. Thesis, Florida Atlantic University. South Florida Regional Planning Council. 1976. Analysis of Coastal Land Use for Broward, Dade, Martin, Palm Beach, and St. Lucie Counties. Prepared for Coastal Zone Planning. South Florida Water Management District. 1977. Estuarine Impact Evaluation (Lake Worth). In: Water Use and Supply Development Plan. Volume 111. A. Lower Coast Planning Area Technical Exhibit A-H. Terczak, E. No date. Lake Worth - EPA Study Invertebrate Data. Unpublished. Travers, J. W. 1928. History of Beautiful Palm Beach. Tropical Ecosystems, Inc., Deis, D. R., Walesky, R. E., Rudolph, H. D. 1983. A Reevaluation of the Benthic Macroinvertebrate Associations in Lake Worth, Florida. Unpublished Document Submitted to the Area Planning Board of Palm Beach County. Tropical Ecosystems, Inc., Walesky, R. E. 1982. Inventory of Benthic Samples Collected During the Lower Florida Estuary Study. Unpublished M. S. Thesis Submitted to the Area Planning Board of Palm Beach County. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. 1973. Draft Environmental Impact Statement, Canal 17, Survey Review Report. Survey Review Report. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Beach Erosion Board. 1953. A Study of Sand Movement at South Lake Worth Inlet, Florida Technical Memorandum 42. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. 1948. Survey Review Report on Lake Worth Inlet, Florida. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. 1958. Palm Beach County from Lake Worth Inlet to South Lake Worth Inlet, Florida: Beach Erosion Control study. House Document Number 342, 85th Congress, 2nd Session. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. 1961. Palm Beach County, Florida, From Martin County Line to Lake Worth Inlet and From South Lake Worth Inlet to Broward County Line: Beach Erosion Control Study. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. 1971. Palm Beach Harbor, Florida. Technical Bulletin 17, Committee on Tidal Hydraulics. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. 1974. Sand Transfer Plant, Lake Worth Inlet, Palm Beach County. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. 1974. The Ports of Miami, Port Everglades, and Palm Beach, Florida. Port Series 16. U.S. Anny Corps of Engineers. 1988. Section 111 Definite Project Report, Palm Beach Harbor, Florida. U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey. 1884. Lake Worth. U.S. National Ocean Survey. U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. 1972. Palm Beach County Sewage Improvement Program. Final Environmental Statement, NTIS Report. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 1982. Gulf Coast Ecological Inventory- West Palm Beach, Charlotte Harbor, Key West, Miami, Florida. Map. U.S. Geological Survey. 1973. Land Use and Land Cover, 1973, West Palm Beach, Florida. U.S. Geological Survey Land Use Series Map L-85. U.S. National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration. 1980. National Ocean Survey, Intracoastal Waterway, Palm Shores to West Palm Beach. University of Florida. 1958. A Model Study of Lake Worth Inlet Florida Engineering and Industrial Experiment Station. University of Florida. 1971. Hydrographic Study for the Improved Flushing of Lake Worth. Department of Coastal and Oceanographical Engineering. Van Armen, 1. 1975. Canal Flowrates and Data From Storm, Personal Files, Van Armen, Jr. 1984. South Florida's Estuaries. In: Environments of South Florida Present and Past II by Miami Geological Society. Van De Kreeke, J., Wang, J. D., Rehrer, R. G., Roessler, M. A. 1976. Freshwater Inflow and its Effect on the Salinity and Biota of Shallow Lagoons. University of Miami Technical ReporL Van De Kreeke, J., Wang, J. D. 1978. Tidal Hydraulics and Salt Balance of Lake Worth, Florida. Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Coastal Engineering, Hamburg. Van De Kreeke, J., Wang, J. D. 1976. Tidal Hydraulics and Salt Balance of Lake Worth. University of Miami Technical Report (Draft). Vare, C. N. No date. A Comparison of Two Geographically Separate Estuarine Environments With Emphasis on the Physical-Chemical Parameters That May Influence the Existence of Particular Species of Seagrasses. Unpublished, Submitted for Geography Seminar GE06938 Florida Atlantic University. Vare, C. 1983. Seagrass Map of Little Munyon Island. Unpublished. Vines, W. R, 1970. Surface Waters, Submerged Lands, and Waterfront Lands. Consultants Report for Housing and Urban Development Project No. Fla. P104(8). Vines, W. R. 1970. Recreation and Open Space. For the Palm Beach County Area Planning Board. Wainwright, S. 1977. A Study of the Benthic Macroinvertebrates Associated With a Wastewater Outfall. Unpublished Report Prepared for G. Alex Marsh, Ph.D. Florida Atlantic University. Waldner, R. E., Lago, M. K Potter, C. S., Waite, L. A- 1989. Rationale for the Preservation of Wetlands Currently Zoned RS-5, Located Along the Western Shore of Singer Island, Riviera Beach, Florida. A Report Submitted to the City of Riviera Beach, Florida. Walker, J. R., Dunham, J. W. 1977. Lake Worth Inlet Case Study. American Society of Civil Engineers, Proceedings of Coastal Sediments 1977:602. Wang, J. D. 1977. Hydrodynamics and Salt Dispersion Models For 1-Dimensional Estuaries. Documentation and Users Manual, University of MiamL Watts, G. M. 1953. A Study of Sand Movement at South Lake Worth Inlet, Florida. Beach Erosion Board Technical Memorandum Ad Number 24 439. Watts, G. M. 1953. A Study of Sand Movement at South Lake Worth Inlet, Florida. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Beach Erosion Board, Technical Memorandum TM-42. Webb, A D* 1976, The Benthic Ecology of the Intracoastal Waterway and Adjacent Canal Systems at Boca Raton, Florida. M.S. Thesis, Florida Atlantic University. West Palm Beach, City of. 1989. Coastal Management Element of the City of West Palm Beach Florida Comprehensive Plan. Prepared by Department of Community Development and Planning. West Palm Beach, City of. 1989. Sanitary Sewer, Solid Waste, Drainage, Potable Water, and Natural GroundwaterAquffer Recharge Element of the City of West Palm Beach Florida Comprehensive Plan. Prepared by City of West Palm Beach Department of Community Development and Planning. West Palm Beach Fishing Club. 1989. Letter to Riviera Beach City Council. Letter Concerning Proposed Ordinance No. 2011883. West Palm Beach Fishing Club. 1990. Unpublished Records of Fish Catches for Tournaments in Palm Beach County Since 1934. Unpublished records. White, J.J. 1899. Shells of Lake Worth, Florida. Nautilus, Vol. 12(12):142-143. Winner, B. 1988. Peanut Island. American Conchologist Vol. 16(3). Woodburn, Y- 1963. Memorandum to City Commission, City of West Palm Beach. Unpublished Memorandum Dated May 28, 1963. Woodburn, K D. 1961. Biological Survey of North Lake Worth (Palm Beach County) With Special Reference to Bulkhead Lines. Marine Lab, Salt Water Fish Division, Florida State Board of Conservation. Woodburn, K D. 1963. The Future of Lake Worth (Palm Beach County, Florida). F`SB CML 63-2, Florida Board of Conservation. Yeend, J. S. 1983. Hydrographic Survey, South Lake Worth Inlet, Palm Beach County, Florida. Report for Board of Commissioners of South Lake Worth Inlet District Zurmuhlen, F. H. 1958. The Sand Transfer Plant at Lake Worth Inlet Proceedings of the Sixth Conference on Coastal Engineering, Pages 457-462. APPENDIX 8.2-TABLE A GRAIN SIZE CHARACTERISTICS grain size phi scale type of sediment (0) units 64-256 -6--9 cobble 4-64 -2-04 pebble 2 -4 -1 granule 1-2 0 very coarse sand .5-1.0 1 coarse sand 0.25,0.5 2 medium sand 0.125 -0.25 3 fine sand 0.063 - 0.125 4 very fine sand 0.031 - 0.063 5 coarse silt <0.004 8-14 silt and clay PHI GRADE SCALE - A geometric grade series, 4)(phi)=-1.4427 log. (d(nun)/lmm) d(mm) (imm) (240)) PHI MEDIAN DIAMETER - mid point of the particle oize distribution (050th percentile) PHI MEAN DIAMETER - an average of the phi median medium diameter (060) and one standard deviation on either side of the median (016 and 4b84) SORTING COEFFICIENT The following verbal limits indicates relative sorting. less than 0.35 = very well sorted 0.35 to 0.50 = well sorted 0.50 to 1.00 = moderately sorted 1.00 to 2.00 = poorly sorted 2.00 to 4.00 = very poorly sorted greater than 4.00 = extremely poorly sorted SKEWNESS The quality of asymmetry shown by a frequency distribution around the medium particle size. Positive skewness - coarser particles exceed finer particles. Negative skewness - finer particles exceed coarser particles. The following verbal limits indicates relative skewness. -1.00 to -0.30 = very negative skewd -0.30 to -0.10 negative skewd -0.10 to +0.10 nearly symetrical +0.10 to +0.30 = positive skewed +0.30 to +1.00 = very positive skewed KURTOSIS The ratio of the sorting in the extremes of the particle size distribution compared with the sorting in the central part. The following verbal limits indicate kurtosis. 0.67 to 0.90 = platykurtic (less peaked than the ponding normal frequency distribution) 0.90 to 1.11 = mesokurtic (closely resembling a normal frequency distribution) 1.11 to 1.50 = leptokurtic (more peaked than the corresponding normal frequency distribution) 1.60 to 3.00 very leptourtic greater than 3.00 extremely leptokurtic M M M M I= APPENDIX 8.2 - TABLE B STUDY: REED, J. K., 1975 TABLE I Averages of bimonthly sedimentary data from six sampling periods for each statiolL Percent gravel, und. sik, clar, mean particle diameter in phi units, median particle diameter in phi units and millimeters, and standard deviation(sorti* in phi units. STATION NEAR % GRAVEL % SAND % SILT % CLAY M M M 0 EQUIVALENT 2 d d I EPA STATION (0) (0) (mm) (0) I LW35E 1.9. 58.8 26.5 12.8 &" MO 0.095 2.72 2 LWs32G &2 70.0 17.7 9.1 128 2.48 0.179 2.80 4 LWSIB 0.2 20.7 59.1 20.0 6.01 6.24 0.013 2.S4 5 LW31A 2.6 87.5 6.4 &5 2.16 2.12 0-23D 1.65 6 LW28C 0.0 219 54.3 20.7 5.94 5.91 0.017 2.27 9 LW27A 0.4 92.6 4.0 &0 2.3() 2.32 0.200 1.10 I I LW26A 2.0 9&3 2.6 2.1 1.88 1.81 o.285 1.12 13 LW25A 2.7 90.5 4L6 2.2 2.15 2.24 0.212 1.29 14 LW22C 6.4 91.0 1.2 1.4 1.63 1.74 0.2" 1.11 17 LW20C 0.7 84L5 10.3 t5 2.75 2.50 u77 1.64 18 LW15A 0.1 51.2 39.5 9.2 4L45 &95 0.065 2.18 mm mm mm MAWS m m m m am APPENDIX 8.2 - TABLE C STUDY: R. ROGERS, 1972 EPA STUDY OF LAKE WORTH LAGOON: SEDIMENT GRAIN SIZE ANALYSIS WEIGHT PERCENT IN PHI UNITS STATION -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 MEDIAN SORTING SKEWNESS KURTOSIS PHI COEFFICIENT IA 14.7 9.0 76.3 4.34 0.81 -0.50 1.62 ic 0.3 3.3 16.1 23.7 20.1 11.3 25.3 2.33 1.61 0.09 0.69 1E 1.9 2.5 5.0 7.2 38.9 37.3 7.1 0.1 1.86 1.10 -0.17 1.32 1F 0.6 1.5 4.8 6.6 31.7 39.9 14.1 0.8 2.12 1.09 -0.16 1.21 IH 0.3 2.1 6.0 7.9 61.4 18.4 1.9 2.0 1.55 0.87 -0.02 1.76 2A 0.1 1 3.3 20.6 23.3 15.1 13.1 24.5 2.18 1.65 0.14 0.66 2C 0.2 0.8 2.1 17.9 56.5 22.2 0.4 2.52 0.80 -0.03 1.24 2E 3.0 13.5 25.3 22.5 13.1 22.5 2.36 1.53 0.10 0.77 2G 12.9 7.7 12.9 9.5 28.5 23.1 5.0 0.5 1.25 1.90 -0.36 0.83 21 2.7 3.1 6.4 6.7 36.1 31.9 11.9 1.3 1.86 1.34 -0.18 1.39 3A 0.4 2.1 16.8 77.5 2.6 0.2 0.3 1.40 0.54 -0.26 1.16 3C 2.5 10.1 16.7 9.8 26.8 28.7 5.0 0.4 1.40 1.59 -0.30 0.77 3E 0.1 1.1 2.9 20.6_ 54.1 17.0 4.2 2.47 0.87 -0.01 1.29 3G 3.2 25.8 26.4 18.0 11.7 6.2 8.8 0.80 1.67 0.30 0.96 4A 1.2 1.3 1.7 1.7 16.0 61.0 113.4 3.9 2.46 0.88 -0.14 1.70 4C 1.3 3.0 7.5 41.0 37.3 7.5 2.5 1.93 0.98 0.01 1.15 4E 1.2 11.7 21.8 16.1 15.1 34.1 2.95 1.53 -0.11 0.68 4G 4.1 7.8 12.5 1 13.4 36.5 1 15.7 8.7 1 1.4 1.34 1.65 -0.20 1.12 man, APPENDIX 8.2-TABLE C CONT. STUDY: R. ROGERS, 1972 EPA STUDY OF LAKE WORTH LAGOON: SEDIMENT GRAIN SIZE ANALYSIS -4H 4.0 7.7 10. 13.4 48.0 12.5 3.3 0.5 1.30 1.38 -0.38 1.21 41 0.6 1.4 4.9 5.4 44.1 22.8 13.7 7.0 1.85 1.28 0.18 1.26 4K 0.7 2.7 4.6 14.1 -25.0 40.1 12.7 0.2 2.08 1.23 -0.28 1.11 -4M 7.3 - 5.9 8.6 52.5 17.6 6.8 1.3 1.54 1.28 -0.14 2.00 -40 0.8 1.9 2.7 10.2 64.1 14.3 4.5 1.6 1.54 0.83 0.10 1.77 -4Q 0.6 1.3 3.0 19.3 56.5 12.2 .4.3 2.8 1.46 0.95 0.06 1.61 5A 0.8 0.7 1.4 4.0 61.6 29.3 1.0 1.2 1.70 0.70 0.11 1.04 5C 11.5 5.8 8.5 12.6 41.1 18.1 1.8 0.5 1.28 1.69 -0.43 1.11 5E 3.9 2.7 5.1 6.3 26.5 39.1 15.1 1.4 2.14 1.39 -0.32 1.45 5G 6.7 8.4 8.8 10.6 47.6 15.0 1.3 1.6 1.33 1.53 -0.43 1.21 51 2.6 8.7 15.1 15.1 34.3 13.4 8.8 , 2.1 1.25 1.64 -0.14 1.07 5K 2.2- 2.5 5.2 37.8 37.0 14.1 1.2 2.06 1.01 -0.04 1.12 5M 3.3 3.8 6.9 6.4 38.2 25.4 14.6 1.4 1.77 1.48 -0.17 1.43 50 2.2 1.5 3.5 5.3 8.8 51.4 17.7 8.4 1.3 1.56 1.34 -0.13 2.00 5Q 1.2 0.5 0.8 16.2 68.8 10.1 2.2 0.4 1.46 0.67 -0.05 1.46 6C 0.3 1.0 5.5 22.2 37.5 31.3 2.2 2.56 1.03 -0.12 0.92 6E 1.1 0.5 1.8 3.1 19.1 -44.7 28.0 1.8 2.55 1.01 -0.13 1.15 6G 1.3 3.4 4.5 12.2 48.4 28.6 1.5 2.59 1.06 -0.20 1.41 61 1.2 1.3 2.8 4.9 23.9 51.0 14.5 0.4 2.31 1.01 -0.26 1.31 6K 0.7 1.7 2.0 9.2 58.1 27.9 0.4 2.63 0.77 0.02 1.23 6M 0.3 1.0 1.8 8.1 55.1 33.3 0.4 2.70 0.76 0.01 1.06 1. 1 1 2.1 2.9 3.2 17.61 54.0 18.9 0.3 2.43 1.07 -0.26 1.69 APPENDIX 8.2-TABLE C CONT. STUDY: R. ROGERS, 1972 EPA STUDY OF LAKE WORTH LAGOON: SEDIMENT GRAIN SIZE ANALYSIS 6Q 4.0 1.9 2.4 2.9 38.2 46.7 3.7 0.2 2.01 1.08 -0.33 1.53 6R 0.2 0.4 1.3 3.0 31.2 51.9 11.3 0.7 2.27 0.79 -0.07 0.97 7A 1.3 1.7 2.3 6.8 25.3 53.2 9.4 3.24 0.98 -0.29 1.24 7C 0.2 0.7 3.1 1B.0 40.7 33.6 3.7 2.69 0.93 -0.08 0.92 7F 0.1 0.9 1.4 13.1 47.8 23.4 13.4 2.72 0.99 0.18 1.08 8A 0.3 1.3 4.7 20.0 65.0 4.5 4.1 2.36 0.82 -0.16 1.55 8C 0.3 0.3 0.8 3.2. 9.7 39.8 44.8 1.3 2.90 0.84 -0.17 0.98 8E 0.8 0.7 1.5 4.1 24.9 43.0 24.2 0.8 2.42 1.01 .-0.11 1.07 8G 2.4 2.5 8.3 60.4 26.0 0.3 0.2 1.61 0.76 0.02 1.34 81 4.3 8.2 6.8 12.5 47.2 18.6 2.4 0.1 1.39 1.41 -0.37 1.34 9A 1.9 1.8 1.6 5.0 42.3 39.3 5.4 2.7 1.94 0.99 -0.05 1.27 9c 0.6 0.5 7.0 36.6 37.3 16.4 1.2 0.4 1.14 0.97 0.02 0.98 9E 1.7 4.0 9.4 32 . 6 35.5 16.5 0.4 2.07 1.09 -0.09 1.09 9G 4.5 6.1 9.6 16.0 28.2 20.5 14.6 0.5 1.49 1.69 -0.17 1.04 91 1.9 2.6 9.7 35.1 45.6 5.0 0.1 2.02 0.88 -0.23 0.97 9K 0.5 1.7 4.4 14. 1 27.0 39.7 12.5 0.1 2.06 1.17 -0.23 1.07 10aA 0.7 1 2.3 8.4 32.2 51.5 4.9 0.0 2.13 0.83 -0.28 0.95 lOaD 8.6 1.5 2.8 3.6 1 6.5 8.3 16.0 37.7 14.8 0.2 2.07 2.25 -0.58 1.33 lobA 0.1 0.3 1.4 4.0 35.8 54.1 4.1 0.1 2.15 0.71 -0.21 0.84 lobC 8.2 3.3 2.7 5.5 9.6 8.3 9.1 32.4 18.4 2.3 0.2 1.10 2.48 -0.55 1.02 11A 1 2.5 1.8 3.4 10.4 28.0 45.1 8.5 0.4 2.09 1.15 -0.31 1.24 11B 2.6 6.7 4.1 40.0 40.6 , 1.5 0.1 1.80 1.19 -0.34 1.44 mommmumm man moomm"m m m mm@nvf APPENDIX 8.2-TABLE C CONT. STUDY: R. ROGERS, 1972 EPA STUDY OF LAKE WORTH LAGOON: SEDIMENT GRAIN SIZE ANALYSIS lic 6.3 7.9 7.3 6.0 28.3 36.2 7.8 0.2 1.80 1.73 -0.44 1.19 11D 14.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.8 6.0 3.5 5.8 20.8 34.9 11.0 0.5 1.83 - - - 11E 9.8 4.8 4.8 10.4 32.0 33.0 4.5 0.7 1.63 1.68 -0.44 1.22 11F 3.3 4.3 4.1 8.5 24.6 42.9 12.0 0.4 2.12 1.39 -0.39 1.42 11G 0.6 0.6 1.4 10.6 63.6 23.0 0.2 2.58 0.71 0.05 1.33 11H 10.7 6.0 13.0 15.9 32.8 15.4 6.0 0.2 1.13 1.74 -0.29 1.04 111 1.8 1.9 4.9 30.6 44.1 16.0 0.8 2.25 0.98 -0.12 1.11 Ili 0.7 0.7 2.7 13.1 47.5 34.7 0.5 2.69 0.84 -0.05 1.01 11K 0.3 0.6 2.5 14.1 32.9 47.8 1.7 2.98 0.88 -0.27 0.90 12A 0.4 1.6 2.3 5.3 62.9 25.7 1.5 0.3 1.64 0.75 0.05 1.32 12C 0.8 1.5 1.7 14.8 47.1 30.7 3.5 2.66 0.88 -0.03 1.01 12E o.3 0.4 0.9 , 4.5 28.2 64.0 1.8 3.25 0.69 -0.31 0.93 121 3.2 4.9 11.0 7.4 15.8 32.6 22.8 2.3 2.24 1.75 -0.39 1.03 13A 1.9 3.2 5.1 24.0 45.5 16.9 3.4 2.35 1 1.10 -0.15 1.26 13C 0.7 1.6 2.7 21.3 60.7 10.7 2.3 2.39 0.77 -0.12 1.30 13E 3.7 4.2 6.4 17.2 45.5 19.5 3.5 2.41 1.26 -0.25 1.42 13G 0.3 1.1 2.6 35.4 55.3 4.8 0.6 2.19 0.68 -0.15 0.80 14A 0.8 3.3 7.2 8.5 25.6 39.8 12.1 2.6 2.11 1.31 -0.29 1.24 14C 1.8 5.0 7.2 5.8 22.0 44.3 11.0 2..9 2.18 1.44 -0.39 1.40 14E 1.0 2.8 24.4 64.6 6.6 0.5 0.2 1.34 0.69 -0.17 1.10 14F 0.2 0.8 1*0 5.5 76*2 15,8 , 0.2 0.4 1.56 0.55 0.05 1.35 15A 0.2 5.6 13.6 15.7 16.4 115.9 32.6 2.91 1.69 J -0.19 1 0.71 mmmm APPENDIX 8.2-TABLE C CONT. STUDY: R. ROGERS, 1972 EPA STUDY OF LAKE WORTH LAGOON: SEDIMENT GRAIN SIZE ANALYSIS 15C 0.5 2.7 2.7 6.2 18.2 40.7 15.4 14.1 2.50 1.39 -0.03 1.27 15E 2.9 3.8 6.5 7.3 25.2 32.7 13.8 7.9 2.13 1.63 -0.19 1.39 15G 0.7 1.6 5.4 7.3 28.8 41.9 11.5 2.9 2.15 1.13 -0.19 1.26 16A 0.3 3.3 4.6 18.6 44.8 12.7 15.8 2.52 1.30 0.07 1.3 16C 0.4 10.3 18.3 26.8 27.2 7.2 9.8 1.78 1.48 0.01 1.07 16E 0.08 5.3 6.5 19.6 27.5 18.0 23.1 2.68 1.51 -0.04 0.89 16G 3.9 9.6 12.0 28.2 32.1 9.2 5.0 1.87 1.42 -0.17 1.17 161 7.0 20.9 22.5 11.1 12.0 14.9 6.1 5.4 -0.02 2.03 0.28 0.81 17A 0.5 2.7 3.1 4.8 38.9 38.0 7.3 4.7 2.00 1.10 0.05 1.38 17C 1.8 2.5 30.1 60.4 5.0 0.3 0.1 1.26 0.67 -0.21 0.86 17E 1.5 0.5 2.4 30.4 59.3 5.6 0.2 0.1 1.26 0.69 -0.18 0.87 17G 0.8 3.7 7.0 8.0 34.7 39.6 4.0 2.1 1.88 1.19 -0.27 1.26 17H 0.1 2.2 6.2 8.4 18.9 42.7 13.7 7.8 2.33 1.38 -0.16 1.35 18A 7.1 5.6 5.5 7.9 42.0 29.3 1.8 0.8 1.57 1.53 -0.41 1.55 18C 38.2 24.8 9.0 5.7- 7.8 5.0 2.6 4.3 2.2 0.2 0.3 -4.52 2.21 0.58 1.04 18E 1.3 4.4 13.4 60.2 15.9 3.2 1.7 1.51 0.86 -0.01 1.54 19A 1.0 4.1 8.3 20.4 44.1 15.1 4.5 2.5 1.37 1.25 -0.08 1.34 19C 9.4 6.5 8.6 7.9 42.3 24.1 0.8 0.4 1.42 1.65 -0.44 1.12 19E 0.4 4.4 16.6 30.5 17.0 12.1 19.0 1.94 1.59 0.23 0.81 19F 0.4 4.4 18.9 22.6 15.9 12.5 26.1 2.27 1.67 0.08 0.66 20A 11.1 0.0 0.0 13.1 10.0 10.5 7.8 33.8 11.7 1.0 0.9 0.68 2.39 -0.48 0.95 20C 1 1 0.5 3.1 9.2 64.3 22.9 1.58 0.71 0.04 1.38 APPENDIX 8.2-TABLE C CONT. STUDY: R. ROGERS, 1972 EPA STUDY OF LAKE WORTH LAGOON: SEDIMENT GRAIN SIZE ANALYSIS 20E 0.5 0.8 3.2 51.5 42.8 1 1.1 0.2 1.88 0.65 0.08 0.75 20G 8.7 14.5 16.9 19.8 36.7 2.3 0.4 0.9 0.50 1.45 -0.30 0.78 21A 25.7 11.3 4.7 7.9 7.5 23.1 14.6 3.1 2.2 0.06 2.86 -0.28 0.56 21C 0.7 2.1 5.0 66.3 25.4 0.2 0.3 1.64 0.68 0.09 1.25 21E 1.9 3.0 8.1 14.4 61.5 10.4 0.2 , 0.6 1.37 0.97 -0.34 1.56 21F 14.3 7.1 16.8 15.7 26.0 17.5 1.9 0.9 0.76 1.84 -0.25 0.87 21G 3.2 2.9 8.0 13.8 41.5 27.9 2.2 0.4 1.53 1.25 -0.26 1.25 211 3.1 10.6 21.1 23.2 25.8 11.4 2.5 2.2 0.65 1.45 -0.05 0.93_ 211 6.2 5.1 6.1 4.0 8.9 25.7 39.5 4.5 2.77 1.92 -0.56 1.22 21L 0.4 8.1- 17.7 17.4 14.4 12.8 29.11 2.44 1.80 -0.05 0.67 22A 12.2 9.8 7.8 11.5 44.1 14.0 0.4 0.2 1.20 1.69 -0.50 0.91 22C 0.1 0.1 0.5 1.2 94.4 3.7 0.0 0.0 1.51 0.32 0.0 0.74 22E 6.4 2.3 5.6 10.0 51.7 22.5 1.2 0.3 1.50 1.31 -0.34 2.15 22G 2.3 6.8 33.0 40.9 12.6 2.7 1.8 1.19 1.01 -0.03 1.10 221 6.4 7.3 17.0- 19.6 29.0 15.1 3.1 2.5 1 0.99 1.62 -0.17 1.02 23A 1.0 2.0 38.1 53.1 5.0 0.4 0.4 1.17 0.69 -0.09 0.81 23C 0.8 0.6 2.9 28.5 46.5 12.6 3.7 4.5 1.37 1.07 0.16 1.33 23E 0.8 1.4 3.3 22.8 50.2 17.3 3.2 1.1 1.43 0.93 -0.03 1.18 [ 2 2 2 P2 23G 1.2 3.3 4.5 7.6 45.6 36.6 0.9 0.3 1.73 0.99 -0.18 1.33 24H 1.2 5.8 32.0 39.2 15.8 3.0 2.9 1.28 1 1.07 0.08 1.10 25A 0.2 3.4 15.3 19.7 21.4 18.5 21.5 2.53 1.57 -0.02 0.77 1.1 3.1 7.1 28.7 52.6 1 7.2 0.4 2.19 0.91 -0.25 1.32 No, APPENDIX 8.2-TABLE C CONT. STUDY: R. ROGERS, 1972 EPA STUDY OF LAXE WORTH LAGOON: SEDIMENT GRAIN SIZE ANALYSIS 25E 4.8 11.5 21.0 36.1 23.3 2.5 0.9 1.35 1.21 -0.15 0.97 25G 1.9 3.6 38.9 45.6 7.6 1.3 1.1 1.12 0.82 0.02 0.98 25J 1.4 1.8 3.9 16.7 45.3 20.5 5.0 5.5 1.58 1.25 0.07 1.50 26A 7.8 2.4 4.9 3.1 11.9 48.5 19.1 2.0 0.4 1.41 1.68 -0.47 1.90 26C 0.9 2.1 2.7 12.9 72.5 8.1 0.8 2.43 0.69 -0.19 1.62 26E 1.7 5.2 13.3 17.5 55.3 6.7 0.1 0.3 1.22 1.09 -0.42 1.07 26G 0.2 17.5 19.4 18.2 14.3 9.8 20.5 1.71 1.91 0.14 0.7 261 21.1 5.7 4.0 3.5 2.6 3.3 37.8 17.3 3.0 0.7 0.9 0.26 2.82 -0.61 0.61 26J 1 0.3 4.6 12.7 20.1 16.4 11.9 33.9 2.75 1.65 -0.08 0.69 27A 0.1 0.4 4.2 47.1 45.0 2.3 0.9 1.96 0.66 0.02 0.74 27C 46.8 8.0 4.6 5.2 9.3 16.7 8.2 0.8 0.4 -2.60 - - - 27D 15.8 4.2 11.7 18.1 34.5 13.3 1.2 1.1 1.00 1.82 -0.42 0.97 28A 0.3 2.2 3.7 22.3 41.4 14.3 15.9 2.52 1.24 0.12 1.08 28C 17.5 2.3 12.5 29.2 16.1 9.9 5.8 3.1 3.6 0.40 2.68 -0.17 1.40 28E 7.2 2.0 3.3 6.8 16.4 18.7 21.3 24.5 2.77 2.03 -0.30 1.11 29A 0.2 0.4 1.4 8.8 0.6 44.3 44.3 3.87 0.92 -0.21 1.29 29C 1.3 4.7 10.8 43.0 37.9 2.0 0.4 1.78 0.90 -0.12 1.06 29E 24.3 5.7 3.6 6.3 7.6 24.1 19.3 6.0 3.1 1.11 3.03 -0.48 0.69 29G 0.1 0.3 1.3 2.2 7.3 9.4 21.8 57.6 4.13 1.12 -0.52 1.13 30A 0.5 3.3 24.8 58.4 11.2 1.4 0.4 1.37 0.77 -0.09 1.17 30C 8.3 6.9 11.4 21.3 49 9 1.9 0.1 0.2 1.04 1.32 -0.54 1.06 30E 11.5 33.6 23.7 11.5 7.0 12.7 1.21 1.63 0.34 F APPENDIX 8.2-TABLE C CONT. STUDY: R. ROGERS, 1972 EPA STUDY OF LAKE WORTH LAGOON: SEDIMENT GRAIN SIZE ANALYSIS 31A 125.2 31.6 i 17. 8- 9.4 7.4 5.1 1.8 1.8 1.22 1.68 0.37 1.10 31B l 0.2 1.8 10.3 24.3 18.0 45.4 3.74 1.17 -0.32 0.77 31C 10.1 7.3 1.4.9 15.9 24.5 16.2 4.1 7.0 1.07 2.00 -0.11 1.06 31E 0.7 7.6 16.5 16.4 17.6 41.3 3.50 1.44 -0.33 0.74 31G 1 0.2 2.0 6.0 25.3 8.8 19.3 38.5 3.40 1.48 -0.30 0.67 32A 56.9 1.6 0.7 1.4 2.6 25.1 10.6 0.8 0.5 -5.12 3.18 0.83 0.50 32C 0.9 2.0 6.3 58.8 31.0 0.7 0.3 1.69 0.73 0.05 1.08 32E 7.9 13.4 15.0 11.4 23.1 24.0 2.8 2.4 1.10 1.81 -0.27 0.76 32G 2.4 17.8 35.4 18.6 8.2 17.6 1.84 1.52 0.30 0.96 32I 0.2 1 2.7 14.0 21.2 21.4 12.8 27.7 2.56 1.58 0.02 0.71 32K 3.4 5.4 49.6 33.0 7.0 0.9 0.7 0.83 0.90 0.10 1.12 32L 0.1 2.2 .13.9 14.9 17.7 19.3 14.7 17.3 2.07 1.86 -0.03 0.78 -33A 11.8 13.0 29.8 32.4 10.8 1.3 0.9 0.85 1.30 -0.15 1.09 33C 1.8 1.7 9.6 14.5- 41.3 29.2 1.4 0.6 1. 54' 1.15 -0.22 1.10 33E 7.8 6.9 .12.4 13.2 32.5 24.4 1.7 1.0 1.30 1.64 -0.35 0.95 33G 0.3 0.7 2.8 4.6 36.1 48.5 4.0 3.1 2.11 0.90 --0.13 1.14 33I 0.4- 0.5 0.8 3.5 89.9 4.6 0.1 0.2 1.50 0.35 -0.03 0.79 34A 1.5 0.7 1.3 1.4 3.6 2.8 16.5 55.7 16.0 0.4 0.2 1.4 1.15 -0.35 1.89 34C 13.0 24.0 16.4 10.1 13.1 15.6 4.0 3.8 -0.21 2.04 0.24 0.77 34E 1.7 1.3 5.2 6.8 36.6 44.3 3.4 0.8 1.96 0.97 -0.26 1.17 34G 1.3 4.7 7.3 31.0 43.5 10.4 1.8 2.13 1.05 -0.17 1-21H 35A 1.5 17.7 26.5 15.7 1.1. 3 27.3 2.27 1.60 0.15 0.6 6_ APPENDIX 8.2-TABLE C CONT. STUDY: R. ROGERS, 1972 EPA STUDY OF LAKE WORTH LAGOON: SEDIMENT GRAIN SIZE ANALYSIS r 35C 3.8 1.9 6.9 12.9 51.2 14.4 5.1 3.8 1.48 1.34 -0.10 2.08 35E 1.2 2.2 9.2 65.0 20.4 0.8 0.3 1.57 0.70 0.05 1.42 36A 0.7 0.7 0.4 17.5 13.4 29.3 30.1 6.7 1.0 0.3 0.59 1.37 -0.17 0.87 36C 1.4 5.8 17.5 14.2 24.9 24.4 5.7 6.0 1.45 1.67 -0.09 0.93 3'6E 0.1 0.3 0.4 0.9 5.7 16.7 24.3 24.3 27.3 4.07 1.37 -0.12 0.85 37A 3.4 10.2 15.8 18.6 36.9 13.9 1.0 0.3 1.06 1.40 -0.31 0.93 37C 0.6 2.2 4.7- 10.4 44.5 32.1 3.8 1.7 1.72 1.02 -0.10 1.22 37E 1.4 1.8- 12.2 64.7 18.4 1.1 0.4 1.53 0.70 0.04 1.41 38A 1.9 1.2 3.1 13.4 61.5_ 17.4 1.0 0.4 1.49 0.84 -0.1 3 1.61 38C 0.1 3.6 18.3 21.8 16.7 12.6 27.0 2.38 1.65 0.06 0.66 38E 0.6 6.2 10.6 43.2 23.2 9.9 6.2 1.75 1.22 0.13 1.27 39A 1.5 4.5 7.8 12.0 52.8 17.9 2.6 0.9 1.46 1.16 -0.25 1.70 39C 0.8 1.8 3.9 16.0 59.8 16.6 0.8 0.3 1.46 0.85 -0.16 1.53 39E 4.4 6.9 12.1. 12.5 37.6 22.2 3.5 0.9 1.38 1.51 -0.32 1.03 39H 1.6 2.3 6.0 11.4 68.2 9.4 0.3 0.7 1.42 0.86 -0.30 1.90 40A 0.2 0.7 1.1 10.4 113.9 3.4 0.1 0.3 1.45 0.46 -0.18 1.17 40C 0.2 0.5 1.4 16.1 80.9 0.7 0.3 2.39 0.50 -0.24 1.17 40E 0.4 2.1 .26.7 66.8 3.9 0.1 2.31 0.61 -0.26 0.92 40F 0.3 0.5 2.2 12.3 16.8 49.3 17.4 1.1 2.36 1.07 -0.24 1.15 3 3 41A 2.2 2.9 5.2 26.0 2 13.4 4.3 2.9 1.32 1.22 -0.04 1.40 41C 0.6 0.8 4.1 5.5 14.4 60.3 13.4 1.1 2.41 0.98 -0.31 1.85 41 4.6 3.9 6.9 25.9 51.6 6.3 0.6 0.2 1.17 1.09 -0.36 1.36 "a Map No APPENDIX 8.2 - TABLE D STUDY: I-L RUDOLPH, 1989 Weight Percent in PHI Units Data Not on Overlay Date Station Equivalent EPA <-I 0+1 2 3 4 5 Station Feb 85 -773 0.1 1.1 2.0 4.3 92.5 Feb 85 0775 LW 4H 0.2 3.5 13.9 39.7 35.0 7.7 Feb 85 0728 LW 9D 1.8 10.2 20.4 41.8 23.4 Z4 Feb 85 $778 LW 15A 1.2 5.1 30.2 29.7 12.9 21.9 Feb 85 $734 LW 27A 0.1 7.7 75.6 14.2 0.7 1.7 Feb 85 794 LW 4OF 1.5 26.1 56.9 13.8 0.4 1.3 Aug 85 0778 LW 15A 2.0 17.5 53.5 22.6 1.9 7-5 APPENDIX 8.2 - TABLE E STUDY: SCHROPP, S. & F. CALDER, 1989 Weight Percent in PHI Units Replicate A Station 0.25 1.25 2 Z75 3.75 >3.75 Mean Mean Phi mm 1 1 2 9 58 29.8 0.2 2.51 0.18 2 2 13 11 13 31 17 13 2.18 0.22 3 2 2 7 33 42 124 1.6 2.03 0.24 4 4 9 13 40 24 8 2 1.59 0.33 5 3 5 10 30 32 IZ6 7.4 Z05 0.24 6 1 4 37 32 3 17.7 5.3 1.69 0.31 7 3 6 11 43 .21 13.4 2.6 1.78 0.29 8 6 7 10 24 5 40.9 7.1 217 0.22 PPB 9 3 7 3 6 75.9 0.8 4.3 110 0.23 9 6 6 10 54 17.6 3.9 Z5 1.51 0.35 10 3 4 11 40 14 215 5.8 Z03 0.25 11 4 6 30 42 11.6 Z2 4.2 1.39 0.38 13 23 22 13 11 8 19.2 3.8 0.86 0.55 14 5 6 6 10 33 3Z4 7.6 Z34 0.20 15 2 4 9 40 28 IZ8 4.2 1.97 0.26 16 17 22 19 17 33.3 6.7 2 0.79 0.58 17 9 10 21 32 17 9 2 1.31 0.41 18 6 7 9 35 30 8.5 4.5 1.74 0.30 19 7 19 11 23 13 20.8 6.2 1.59 0.33 2 2 2 16 15 43 19.4 Z6 2.17 0.22 21 2 2 6 50 28 7.8 4.2 1.96 0.26 APPENDIX 8.2 - TABLE F Tropical Ecosystems Inc., 1983 WeIgtft Percent In PHI Units * - Values are Approxknale Date SWIM Equivalent EPA Statim EquWW Reed StOODn 0+1 2&3 4 5 Apr 82 1 LW 35E 1 5 62 15 17 Aug 82 1 LW 35E 1 4 75 13 7 Apr 82 2 LW 320 2 3 9 56 17 15 Aug 82 2 LW 32G 2 2 4 41 7 46 Apr 82 3 LW 310 4 2 2 a 28 00 Aug 82 3 LW 31B 4 2 5 5 10 78 Apr 82 4 LW 31A 5 1 2 28 28 43 Aug 82 4 LW 31A 5 0 4 41 19 38 Apr 82 5 LW 29C 6 2 5 63 14 to Aug 82 5 LW 29C a 1 3 20 20 48 Apr 82 a LW 27A 9 2 0 97 1 0 Aug 112 a LW27A 9 0 5 94 1 0 Apr 82 7 LW 25A I 1 0 10 87 2 1 Aug 82 7 LW 20A 11 2 as 2 0 Apr 82 a LW 25A 13 7 65 11 a Aug 82 a LW 25A 13 4 4 85 7 0 Apr 82 9 LW 22C 14 2 10 84 2 2 Aug 82 9 LW 22C 14 0 a 92 2 0 Apr 82 to LW 20C 17 3 5 50 is 25 Aug 82 10 LW 20C 17 1 5 OD 10 4 Apr 82 11 LW ISA Is 0 1 27 30 38 Aug 82 It LW ISA Is 2 3 53 22 20 Apr 82 12 LW lIF 10 a 52 20 6 Aug 82 12 LW IIF 3 4 62 30 1 [[D I Apr 82 13 LW 9D 1 5 64 29 1 Aug 82 13 LW 90 0 1 2 40 la 42 Apr 82 14 LW 4H 0 2 49 38 11 Aug 82 14 LW 4H 5 7 56 14 18 APPENDIX 8.3 MUNYON ISLAND PARTIAL PLANT LIST by Anne Cox 11/12/90 TREES Black mangrove Avicennia germinans Gumbo limbo Bursera simaruba Australian pine * Casuarina equisetifolia Pigeon plum Coccoloba diversifolia Seagrape Coccoloba uvifera Buttonwood Conocarpus erecta Royal poinciana (Cult) Delonix regia Strangler fig Ficus aurea Blolly Guapira discolor White mangrove Laguncularia racemosa Ironwood Krugiodendron ferreum Sapodilla. (Cult) Manilkara zapota Mastic Mastichodendron foetidissimum Chinaberry (Cult)* Melia azedarach Red mulberry Morus rubra Red mangrove Rhizophora mangle Cabbage palm Sabal palmetto Bloodberry Rivina humilis Brazilian pepper * Schinus terebinthifolius SHRUBS Flexible caper Capparis flexuosa Papaya * Carica papaya Snowberry Chiococca alba Coin vine Dalbergia ecastophyllum White stopper Eugenia axillaris Surinam cherry (Cult)* Eugenia uniflora Spanish stopper Eugenia foetida Florida privett Forestiera segregata Wild coffee Psychotria nervosa Randia Randia aculeata Wild lime Zanthoxylum fagara Unknown shrub* HERBS AND FORBS Ragweed Ambrosia artemisiifolia Sea ox-eye daisy Borrichia frutescens Grey nicker Caesalpinia bonduc Periwinkle Catharanthus roseus Stinging nettle Cnidoscolus stimulosus Sedge Cyperus sp. Crowfoot grass Dactyloctenium aegyptium Seaside heliotrope Heliotropium curassavicum Railroad vine Ipomoea pescaprae Iva Iva imbricata Wild balsam apple Momordica charantia Prickly pear cactus Opuntia sp. Corky passionflower Passiflora suberosa Sea purslane Sesuvium portulacastrum Ball moss Tillandsia recurvata Unknown vine Unknown shrub (purple flowers) (Cult) Indicates cultivated. Possibly planted by previous owners of property. * Indicates exotic, escaped from cultivation, or reseeding in the wild. PARTIAL PLANTLIST FOR SMALL ISLAND IMMEDIATELY SOUTH OF BURNT BRIDGE by Anne Cox 11/12/90 TREES Black mangrove Avicennia germinans Seagrape Coccoloba uvifera Buttonwood Conocarpus erecta White mangrove Laguncularia racemosa Cabbage palm Sabal palmetto Braziliain pepper * Schinus terebinthifolius SHRUBS Coin vine Dalbergia ecastophyllum HERBS AND FORBS Sea ox-eye daisy Borrichia frutescens Sea purselane Sesuvium portulacastrum *Indicates exotic, escaped from cultivation, or reseeding in the wild. NOAA COASTAL SERVICES CTR LIBRARY 3 6668 14111355 7