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I lw-"l Ix-lit BASELINE STUDY PROGRAM Coastal Zone k )gy information Center ZONE a CE + I WK 4w CRITICAL AREA STUDY VOLUME I L 4 INTRODUCTION QL FINAL DRAFT REPORT 121 C74 1976 ----------- DECEMBER, 1976 STATE OF WASHINGTON DANIEL J. EVANS, GOVERNOR CMAL ZOE INFORMATION CENTER CRITICAL AREA STUDY Final Draft Report by John S. Isakson Tim A. Reichard Mathematical Sciences Northwest, Inc. This volume is one of the products of the Baseline Studies Program and the Coastal Zone Environmental Studies Program. It was pre- pared by Mathematical Sciences Northwest, Inc. under contract to the Department of Ecology. The preparation of this document was ordered by the Department of Ecology through a federal grant from the Office of Coastal Zone Management under the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of the United States Department of Commerce, as authorized by the United States Coastal Zone Manage- ment Act of 1972. This volume is published in preliminary form for review only. Subsequent publication in final form will follow as a part of the Washington Coastal Zone Atlas. P27 op nz' t'i" c f", U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE NOA@ COASTAL SERVICES CENTER 2234 SOUTH HOBSON AVENLIF CHARLESTON SC 29405-'@-ei MSNW-P-2102 CRITICAL AREA STUDY CONTRACT NO. 76-099 VOLUME I INTRODUCTION FINAL REPORT to WASHINGTON DEPARTMENT OF ECOLOGY 3 December 1976 John S. Isakson Tim A. Reichard MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES NORTHWEST, INC. 2755 Northup Way P. 0. Box 1887 Bellevue, Washington 98009 INTRODUCTION Mathematical Sciences Northwest, Inc. (MSNW) was contracted (No. 76-099) by the Washington State Department of Ecology (DOE) on May 17, 1976 to complete a six (6) month analysis of available information to determine critical areas for 208 significant marine and estuarine species (see DOE list in Appendix A). The definitions, provided by DOE, for determining critical habitats were: 1. The area supports population of a specie(s) that not only consistently reproduces itself but because of favorable environmental conditions (currents, water temperature, salinity, etc.) provides the major source of recruitment for adjacent areas or regions whose populations do not consistently reproduce themselves. 2. The area consists of a habitat type or types that provide either shelter, food, or other environmental necessities during a critical part of a species life history. For example: nesting sites or shelter from predators during early life history stages. There were nine habitat types defined for use in this study by DOE, these were: Rock Mixed Fine Sand Gravel, Sand, Mud Mud Eelgrass Bed Mixed Coarse Kelp Bed Boulder, Gravel, Sand Salt Marsh Open Water In addition to the review and analysis of available data, and the assessment of critical areas for each species, the study results were used to identify data gaps and suggest specific studies for collecting the necessary data. The reader is cautioned that the results of this study can not be considered definitive for.all species and in all areas. At the outset of the study it was recognized by DOE and MSNW that this study represents the first step toward a comprehensive and definitive map of Washington's critical areas. Field studies must be undertaken to provide sufficient data to establish critical areas for certain species. The primary MSNW staff involved in this study were: John S. Isakson - mammals, fish, and invertebrates James F. Kruger - matrices and text review from the point of view of a potential user (CZM planner). In addition, MSNW utilized the services of several consultants to provide further analysis of these significant marine and estuarine species. These consultants were: Mr. T. A. Reichard, Wildlife Biologist, birds Dr. A. W. Erickson, University of Washington, mammals Mr. E. A. Best, International Pacific Halibut Commission, marine fishes Mr. T. R. Wahl, Ornithologist The assessment of critical areas-for birds was prepared by Mr. Reichard, consultant to MSNW. The authors appreciate the assistance of all those persons (Appendix B) interviewed or otherwise contacted in the process of this study. The authors take full responsibility for the interpretation given all of the information received. -2- MATERIALS AND METHODS The literature review analysis by MSNW began with a literature reviewI completed for DOE. Other information (DOE studies, and other studies not covered in the main literature review) and MSNW contact of researchers in the state, federal, and private sector, provided the remainder of the information evaluated. Appendix B lists these contacts by faunal group. Reference lists at the end of each faunal group volume (I Mammals, II Birds, III Fish, IV Invertebrates, see RESULTS AND DISCUSSION) present the literature review1 and other written references used for all species fact sheets in that volume. In the case of the literature review 1, MSNW used the data as presented in the computer printout summary and did not, except in a few cases, use the original source. In the evaluation process, MSNW initially generated fact sheets for each species that categorized the available information as follows: LIFE HISTORY WASHINGTON DISTRIBUTION HABITAT REgUIREMENTS CRITICAL HABITAT AREAS DATA GAPS REFERENCES IBeak Consultants, Inc., 1975 ' Biolo ical Oil Impact Literature Review., Volumes 1 (191 pp) and 11 (46 nine computer printout appendices (3,018 pp). Prepared for Washington Department of Ecology, October. -3- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION This study began with the knowledge that no species on the DOE list had been systematically censused in all Washington waters and that signifi- cant data gaps probably existed for most species life history and habitat requirements in Washington waters. This was confirmed by the available information that was analyzed. With this background, MSNW has made an initial assessment of life history, distributional, and habitat requirements for each species in Washington and for those species with apparent critical habitat areas, a map overlay was prepared to indicate the approximate area involved. The study results are presented in four volumes (I Mammals, II Birds, III Fish, and IV Invertebrates). NOAA charts with overlays contain the mapped critical areas located in this study. The user of these volumes will quickly note the differences in the number of critical areas determined by faunal group. Birds by far have the largest number of critical areas, followed by marine mammals, fish, and in- vertebrates. This is primarily a function of the observability of birds and mammals as compared to that of the primarily underwater fish and in- vertebrate species. The existing information base contains more census data for the bird and mammal groups. The information base for fish and 21, invertebrate species is in variable units ("two", "many", "present", 10/m etc.) and presents density information (primarily qualitative) for species rather than estimates of total numbers in a given part of Washington's marine and estuarine waters. -4- Fact sheets were prepared in the sequence of species as presented by DOE, with a letter code (i.e., "M" for mammals) and number code (i.e., "8" for the eighth species on the list). These were prepared for the lay-person's usage as much as possible. In one case the DOE list (Appendix A) was modified and two bird sub- species for which information could not be so specifically located, were combined with another species. The double-crested cormorant (PhaZacrocorax auritus) was used to also represent the two additional subspecies (white- crested cormorant, P.a. cincinatus, northwestern double-crested cormorant, P.a. aZbociZiatus) on the DOE list. With this information, a subjective decision was then made on any critical habitat areas as defined by DOE, that were mentioned or implied by sources reviewed (both from written information and personal contacts). When critical areas were located, they were mapped on overlays of NOAA charts. MSNW selected this chart series for two basic reasons: 1. USGS quadrangles do not exist for certain portions of the study area beyond the shoreline. 2. Bathymetric information, lacking on certain USGS quadrangles, is necessary for accurate 1ocation of certain critical areas. These areas were approximated on the map overlays in the best way possible with the information at hand. Numerous experts working on specific species were asked to review fact sheets and comment on mapped critical areas. In some cases, for some birds and mammals, the persons contacted actually drew the areas mapped. -5- These critical areas were then coded on map overlays for each species by its faunal group and numerical code (i.e., M-7 is the sea otter) and placed in four volumes. In the case of birds only, areas in addition to those cri- tical habitat areas (coded LB_ No4 were also noted as important areas (coded tB-No/j For mammals, fish and invertebrates, only critical areas (coded @@N]o ';F-No and J-No. were noted. A special situation arose when T. R. Wahl, consultant to MSNW, indi- cated that the species-specific approach did not fully define all areas he considered critical for birds in Washington waters. MSNW therefore prepared a third bird code (z@ ) for multi-species critica I areas. In Volume II- Birds, these multi-species areas are coded back to a Table 2, prepared by Mr. Wahl. -6- This "data gap" for the fish and invertebrates requires a standard unit of comparison in future studies so that relative densities can be compared and possible concentration areas noted. The density per unit area measurement for geoducks (1-34) is the type of measurement that would be useful for o-6her sedentary invertebrate species. Basically a great deal of additional field and laboratory informa- tion is necessary for all four faunal groups to better describe life his- tory, distribution, habitat utilization and critical areas (if any exist) in Washington waters. -7- A P P E N D I X A DOE SPECIES LIST APPENDIX A DOE SPECIES LIST MAMMALS: Open Water Scientific Name Common Name Eumetopias jubata Northern sea lion (Steller) Phoca vitutina Harbor seal CaZZorhinus ursinus North Pacific fur seal Orcinus orca Pacific killer whale GZobicephaZa scamonii Pacific blackfish Phocoena phocoena Pacific harbor porpoise MAMMALS: Shoreline Endra Zutris Sea Otter Lutra canadensis River Otter A-1 BIRDS: Open Water Scientific Name Common Name Gavia irrimer Common Loon Gavia arctica pacifica Pacific Arctic Loon Gavia steUata Red-Throated Loon Podiceps grisegena hoZboUii Holboel Red-Necked Grebe Podiceps auritus.cornutus Horned Grebe Podiceps nigricoUis caZifo2-nicus American Eared Grebe Aechmorphus occidentaZis Western Grebe PhaZacrocorax auritus cincinatus White-Crested Cormorant PhaZacrocorax auritus atbociliatus Northwestern Double-Crested Cormorant PhaZacrocorax auritusi Double-Crested Cormorant PhaZacrocorax peniciUatus Brant's Cormorant PhaZacrocorax petagicus respZendens Baird Pelagic Cormorant OZor coZumbianus Whistling Swan Branta canadensis occidentaZis Western Canada Goose Branta nigri*cans Black Brant Anser aZbifrons frontaZis Pacific White-Fronted Goose Chen caeruZescens caeruZescens Lesser Snow Goose An as pZatyrhynchos pZatyrhynchos Mallard Anas acuta Pintail Anas crecca coraZinensis Green Winged Teal Anas americana American Wigeon Anas cZypeata Northern Shoveler Aythya vaZisineria Canvasback Aythya mar-tZa neararctica Greater Scaup Aythya affinis Lesser Scaup BucephaZa cZanguZa amer-@cana Common Goldeneye Bucephala islandica Barrow's Goldeneye BucephaZa aZbeoZa Bufflehead CZanguZa hyemaZis Oldsquaw Histrionicus histrionicus Harlequin Duck MeZanitta degZandi dixoni Western White-Winged Scoter MeZanitta perspiciUata Surf Scoter Melanitta nigra Black Scoter Mergus merganser americanus Common Merganser Mergus serrator Red Breasted Merganser FuZica americana americana American Coot Stercorarisus parasiticus Parasitic Jaeger Larus gaZucescens Glaucous-Winged Gull Larus occidentaZis occidentaZis Western Gull Larus argentatus Herring Gull Larus caZifornicus California Gull Larus deZawarensis Ring-Billed Gull Larus canus Mew Gull Larus phiZadeZphia Bonaparte's Gull Larus heermanni Heermann's Gull Larus thayeri Thayer's Gull MSNW combined these sub-species and called them Double-crested Cormorants, PhaZacrocorax auritus. A-2 BIRDS: Open Water (Continued) Scientific Name Common Name Sterna hirundo hirundo Common Tern Uria aaZge caZifornica Common Murre Cepphus coZumba Pigeon Guillemot BrachyrwThus marmoratus marmoratus Marbled Murrelet Ptychoramphus aZeutica Cassin's Auklet Cerorhinca monocerata Rhinoceros Auklet Lunda cirrhata Tufted Puffin Steganopus tricoZor Wilson's Phalarope Lobipes Zobatus Northern Phalarope BIRDS: Shorebirds Scientific Name Common Name Ardea herodias fannini Northwestern Great Blue Heron Numenius phaeopus Whimbrel Actitis macuZaria Spotted Sandpiper HeterosceZus incanwn Wandering Tattler Tringa meZanoZeucus Greater Yellowlegs Tringa fZavipes Lesser Yellowlegs CaZidris canutus rufa American Knot CaZidris meZanotos Pectoral Sandpiper CaZidris minutiZZa Least Sandpiper CaUdris aZpina Dunlin Limodromus griseus caurinus Short-Billed Dowitcher Limnodromus scoZopaceus Long-Billed Dowitcher CaZidris maur@ Western Sandpiper CaZidris aZba Sanderling Reamatopus bachmani Black Oystercatcher Charadr@us semipaZmatus Semipalmated Plover Charadrius vociferus vociferus Killdeer PZuviaZis squataroZa Black-Bellied Plover Aphriza virgata Surfbird Arenaria interpres Ruddy Turnstone Arenaria meZanocephaZa Black Turnstone A-3 BIRDS: Casual Marine Feeders Scientific Name Common Name MegaceryZe alcyon Belted Kingfisher Corvus caurinus Northwestern Crow HaZiaeetus ZeucocephaZus Bald Eagle Pandion haliaetus Osprey FISHES: Bottom Oriented Scientific Name Common Name AnopZopoma fimbria Black cod Ophiodon eZongatus Lingcod Citharichthys sordidus Pacific sand dab Atheresthes stomias Turbot Eopsetta jordani Petrale sole GZyptocephalus mchirus Rex sole Hippoglossus stenolepis Pacific halibut Isopsetta isoZepis Butter sole Lepidopsetta bilineata Rock sole Microstomus pacificus Dover sole Parophrys vetuZus English sole PZatichthys steZZatus Starry flounder PLeuronichthys coenosus C-0 sole Pleuronichthys decurrens Curlfin sole Psettichthys meLanosticus Sand sole HippogZossoides eZassodon Flathead sole Lyopsetta exilis Slender sole Porichthys notatus Plain fin midshipman Gadus macrocephaLus Pacific cod MerZuccius productus Pacific hake Microgadus proximus Pacific tom cod Theragra chalcogranms Walleye pollock Anarrhichthys oceZZatus Wolf eel Sebastes aZutus Pacific Ocean perch Sebastes brevispinis Short spine rockfish Sebastes caurinus Copper rockfish Sebastes emphaeus Puget Sound rockfish Sebastes fZavidus Yellowtail rockfish Sebastes maZanops Black rockfish Sebastes paucispinis Bocaccio Sebastes ruberrimus Red snapper Sebastes pinninger Orange rockfish A-4 FISHES: Bottom Oriented (Continued) Scientific Name Common Name Sebastes goodei Chili pepper rockfish Sebastes babcocki Flag (red banded) rockfish Sebastes ateutianus Rough eye Sebastes dipZoproa Split nose Sebastes etongatus Greenstriped rockfish Sebastes auricuZatus Brown rockfish Sebastes proriger Redstripe rockfish Raja binocuZata Big skate Raja rhina Long nose skate HydroZagus coZliei Rat fish Acipenser transmontanus White sturgeon Acipenser medirostris Green sturgeon FISHES: Shoreline Scientific Name Comon Name Salmo cZarki cZarki Sea run cut throat trout Hexagramos decagramus Kelp greenling Hexagramos ZagocephaZus Rock greenling Hexagranmos stelleri White spotted greenling Enophrys bison Buffalo sculpin HemiZepidotus he-milepidotus Red irish lord Leptocottus armatus Pacific staghorn sculpin OZigocottus macuZosus Tide pool sculpin Scorpaenichthys marmoratus Cabezon Amphistichus rhodoterus Redtail surf perch Brachyistius frenatus Kelp perch Cymatogaster aggregata Shiner perch Embiotoca lateralis Striped sea perch Hyperprosopon argenteum Walleye surf perch RhacochiZus vacca Pile perch Phanderodon furcatus White sea perch Apodichthys fZavidus Penpoint gunnel PhoZis ornata Saddleback gunnel PhoZis Zaeta Crescent gunnel Sebastes maZiger Quillback rockfish A-5 FISHES: Open Water Scientific Name Common Name AZosa sapidissima American shad Clupea harengus paLlasi Pacific herring Engrautis mordax mord= Northern anchovy Oncorhynchus tshawytscha Chinook. salmon Oncorhynchus kisutch Coho salmon oncorhynchus gorbuscha Pink salmon Oncorhynchus nerka Sockeye salmon Oncorhynchus keta Chum salmon oncorhynchus masu Masu salmon SaZmo gairdneri Steelhead Hypomesus pretiosus pretiosus Surf smelt Spirinchus thaleichthys Longfin smelt ThaZeichthys pacificus Eulachon Mallotus vilLosus Capelin Cynoscion nobillis White sea bass Amodytes hexapterus Pacific sand lance Squalus acanthias Spiny dogfish ECHINODERMS: Bottom Oriented Scientific Name Common Name Parastichopus caZifornicus Sea cucumber StrongyZocentrotus droebachiensis Green urchin StrongyZocentrotus franciscanus Red urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus Purple sea urchin CRUSTACEANS: Bottom Oriented Scientific Name Common Name Pandalus jordani Ocean pink shrimp PandaZus borealis Pink shrimp PandaZopsis dispar Sidestripe shrimp Pandalus pZatyceros Spot shrimp PandaZus danae Dock shrimp PandaZus goniurus Coonstripe shrimp PandaZus hypsinotus Coonstripe shrimp Hepticarpus stimpsoni Brokenback shrimp LophoZithodes formaminatus Box crab Cancer magister Dungeness crab Cancer productus Red rock crab LophoZithodes mandtii Puget Sound king crab Pugettia graciZis Kelp crab A-6 ANNELIDS Scientific Name Common Name Nereis vexillosa Pile worm MOLLUSCS: Shoreline Scientific Name Common Name Mytilus edulis Blue mussel Mytilus californianus California mussel Saxidomus giganteus Butter clam Clinocardium nuttalli Common cockle Tresus nuttalli Horse clam Tresus capax Big neck Mya arenaria Soft shell clam Venerupis japonica Japanese little neck Zirfaea pilsbryi Piddock Siliqua patula Razor clam Protothaca staminea Rock or native little neck Octopus hongkongensis Octopus Octopus dofleini Octopus MOLLUSCS: Bottom Oriented Scientific Name Common Name Octopus hongkongensis Octopus Octopus dofleini Octopus Haliotis rufesceans Red Abalone Haliotis kamtschatkana Northern abalone Panope generosa Geoduck Chlwmjs hastata hericia Pacific pink scallop Pecten caurinus Sea scallop Hinnites multirugosus Rock scallop Chlonys hindsi Hinds' scallop MOLLUSCS:_ Open_Water Scientific Name Common Name Loligo opalescene Pacific Coast Squid A-7 A P P E N D I X B MAJOR CONTACTS FOR THE CRITICAL HABITAT AREA STUDY I List of General Contacts Name Address Form of Communication Director National Marine Fisheries Letter Service Washington, D.C. Director U. S. Fish and Wildlife Letter Service Washington, D.C. D. L. Alverson Director Letter Northwest Fisheries Center National Marine Fisheries Service Seattle, Washington Paul Cook U. S. Army Corps of Engineers Phone Seattle, Washington Steve Dice U. S. Army Corps of Engineers Letter Seattle, Washington William Johnson Department of Natural Letter Resources Olympia, Washington Jay Watson U. S. Fish and Wildlife Letter, phone Service Portland, Oregon Fred Weinmann U. S. Army Corps of Engineers Interview Seattle, Washington B-1 List of Mammal Contacts Name Address Form of Communication A. W. Erickson College of Fisheries Interview, review of Consultant to MSNW University of Washington reports Seattle, Washington Steven Jefferies Biology Department, Interview University of Puget Sound Tacoma, Washington Ron Hirshi Washington Department of Interview, review of Game reports Seattle, Washington Gary Garrison Washington Department of Interview Game Olympia, Washington Bruce Mate Oregon State University Phone Newport Laboratory Howard W. Braham National Marine Fisheries Interview Service Marine Mammal Division Seattle, Washington Dale Rice National Marine Fisheries Interview, review of Service reports Marine Mammal Division Seattle, Washington James Estes U. S. Fish and Wildlife Interview, review of Service reports Anchorage, Alaska B-2 List of Bird Contacts Name Address- Form of Communication Grady E. Hocutt Refuge Manager, Nisqually, Letter, Interview Dungeness and San Juan Islands NWR P.O. Box 1756 Olympia, WA. 98507 (206)753-9467 Joe Welch Refuge Manager, Willapa Bay Letter, Interview NWR, Ilwaco, WA. 98624 (206)484-3482 Nevin Holmberg Division of Ecological Letter, No Response Services, U.S. Wildlife 4 September 1976 Service Washington, D.C. 20240 (202)343-4401 Bruce Larson Lower Columbia River NWR Phone Longview, WA. (206)636-3360 Bureau of Land Bureau of Land Management Letter, Response Management Oregon State and Regional (State Director) Office (Could not read 729 N.E. Oregon St. his signature) P.O. Box 2965 Portland, Oregon 97208 National Park Service 1424 Fourth Avenue Letter, No Response Chief Scientist Room 931 4 September 1976 Seattl e, WA. 98101 (206)442-5565 Robert Jeffrey Washington Dept. of Game Interview and Letter Jack Adkins 1100 E. College Way Art Stendal Mt. Vernon, WA. 98273 Tracy Tivel (206)424-1177 Larry Brewer Dan Barth Washington Department of Phone National Resources 753-5315 B-3 List of Bird Contacts Name Address Form of Communication Terry Grubb Washington Dept. of Game Letter, Phone, Interview 509 Fairview Ave. North Seattle, WA. 98109 Jack Smith Washington Dept. of Game Letter, Interview Homer Brent 905 E. Heron/P.O. Box 102 Aberdeen, WA. 98520 (206)532-9680 Carroll Reick Washington Dept. of Game Letter, Phone 600 N. Capitol Way Olympia, WA. 98504 (206)753-5728 Don Bakker Washington Dept. of Game Letter, No Response 127 Oak Crest Way Pt. Angeles, WA. 98362 (206)457-5621 Michael Ryan Washington Dept. of Game Letter, No Response Box 116 4 September 1976 Quilcene, WA. 98376 (206)765-3457 Terry Wahl 3041 Eldridge Interview Bellingham, WA. 98225 Letters Dr. David Manual Dept. of Forest Resources Phone University of Washington Seattle, WA. (206)543-1585 Dr. Gordon Alcorn Biology Department Letter, No Response University of Puget Sound 4 September 1976 Tacoma, Washington Bill Harrington-Tweit 1235 E. 9th Letter, Phone Tacoma, WA. 98501 Black Hills Audubon P.O. Box 2524 Letter, No Response Society Olympia, WA. 98507 4 September 1976 B-4 List of Bird Contacts Name Address Form of Communication North Cascades Audubon c/o Paul Woodcock Letter, Response through Society 649 Marine Drive T. R. Wahl Bellingham, WA. 98225 Pilchuck Audubon P.O. Box 1618 Letter, No Response Society Everett, WA. 98201 4 September 1976 Kitsap Audubon Society P.O. Box 961 Letter, No Response Paulsbo, WA. 98378 4 September 1976 Olympic Peninsula P.O. Box 502 Letter, Response Audubon Society Sequim, WA. 98382 Rain Forest Audubon c/o Bonnie Gilovich Letter, No Response Society 1016 Lindstrom 4 September 1976 Aberdeen, WA. Seattle Audubon 2501 N.E. 57th Street Letter, No Response Society Vancouver, WA. 98663 4 September 1976 Tahoma Audubon 4011 Alameda Ave. W. Letter, No Response Society Tacoma, WA. 98466 4 September 1976 Willapa Hills Audubon c/o Richard Davis Letter, No Response Society 3015 Hudson 4 September 1976 Longview, WA. 98632 San Juan Unit Audubon c/o Charles Nash Letter, No Response Society P.O. Box 93 4 September 1976 Friday Harbor, WA. 98250 Portland Audubon 5151 N.W. Cornell Road Letter, No Response Society Portland, OR. 97210 4 September 1976 National Wildlife Louis S. Clapper Letter, Response Federation 1412-16th Street N.W. Washington, D.C. 20036 Natural Resources 2345 Yale Street Letter, Response Defense Council, Inc. Palo Alto, CA. 94306 Johanna H. Wald Sierra Club c/o Douglas Scott Letter, No Response Sierra Club 4 September 1976 4534 112 University Way N.E. Seattle, WA. 98105 B-5 List of Bird Contacts Name Address Form of Communication Isak Walton League 1800 North Kent St. Letter Suite 806 Arlington, VA. 22209 Pacific Northwest P.O. Box 107 Letter, Response by Seashore Alliance La Conner, WA. 98257 Tonish Marsh (206)259-2926 Washington Environmental 107 S. Main Street Letter, Response by Council Room 4 Fayette Krouse Seattle, WA. 98104 Environmental Defense 1525 18th St. N.W. Letter Fund Washington, D.C. 20036 Dr. Al Weidmann Evergreen State College Letter, No Response Olympia, WA. 4 September 1976 (206)866-6701 B-6 List of Fish Contacts Name Address Form of Communication E. A. Best 7316 - 50th N.E. Interview, review.of Consultant to MSNW Seattle, Washington reports A. Lasater Washington Department of Interview, review of Fisheries reports Olympia, Washington C. A. Simenstad Fisheries Research Institute Interview, review of University of Washington reports Seattle, Washington B. Miller College of Fisheries Interview University of Washington Seattle, Washington Ron Arthur Washington Department of Interview Fisheries Aberdeen, Washington Jim Johnston Washington Department of Interview Game Olympia, Washington John Gilstrom Washington Department of Interview Game Olympia, Washington Ray Johnson Washington Department of Interviews Fisheries Olympia, Washington Dave Narver Fisheries Research Board Phone of Canada Nanaimo, British Columbia Pat Slaney University of British Phone, letter Columbia Vancouver, British Columbia Henry 0. Wendler Washington Department of Phone, review of Fisheries reports Olympia, Washington B-7 List of Invertebrate Contacts Name Address Form of Communication K. K. Chew College of Fisheries Interview, review of University of Washington reports Seattle, Washington E. N. Kozloff Department of Zoology Letter, review of University of Washington reports Seattle, Washington Jon Houghton 3435 E. Superior Interview, review of Seattle, Washington reports Herb Tegelberg Washington Department of Interview Fisheries Aberdeen, Washington Douglas Magoon Department Natural Resources Interview Olympia, Washington Rick Albright Washington Department of Game Interview, review of Seattle, Washington reports Tom Northup Washington Department of Interview Fisheries Aberdeen, Washington M. G. Mottet College of Fisheries Interview University of Washington Seattle, Washington R. B. Herrmann Weyerhaeuser Company Phone Longview, Washington Cedric Lindsay Washington Department of Phone, review of Fisheries reports Olympia, Washington D. L. Mayer Technicron Energy Research Interview Associates Berkeley, California Ron Westley Washington Department of Review of reports Fisheries Brinnon, Washington B-8 DATE DUE GAYLORDINo. 2333 PRINTED IN U SA f 3 6668 14108 1903