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Hench, John E. NATURAL RESOURCES MAPPING AND STUDIES OF FLORISITICS AND PHYSIOGNOMY AT FLAG PONDS NATURAL AREA, CALVERT COUNTY, MARY Prepared by John E. Hench, Ph.D. 4313 Wendy Court Monrovia, Maryland 21770. Submitted to David C. Brownlee, Ph.D. Department of Planning and zoning Calvert County Court House Prince Frederick, Maryland 20678 December 24, 1990 COASTAL ZONE INFORMATION CENTER QK 63 H46 1990 CONTRACT SYNOPSIS This report was prepared to satisfy the requirements of the proposal (Attachment A) submitted to the Calvert County Department of Planning and Zoning on May 8, 1990. As stated in the proposal, the goal and objectives of the project were: Goal To acquire natural resources data necessary to objectively access impacts of development in Flag Ponds Natural Area, Calvert County, Maryland. Oblectives To prepare 111 = 2001 scale natural resource plates for Flag Ponds Natural Area including (1) topography with existing development, (2) soils, (3) slope, (4) wetlands, (5) 100 year floodplain and drainage, (6) black-and-white leaf-on and leaf-off aerial photography, and (7) maj,or plant communities. To describe the floristics and physiognomy of major plant communities at Flag Ponds Natural Area. To establish a permanent plot system at Flag Ponds Natural Area. METHODOLOGY Methods for preparing natural resource plates and describing floristics and physiognomy are described in the proposal (Attachment A). SUMMARY OF RESULTS AND FINDS Natural Resource Plates The following prime source material, at a scale of 111 2001, was obtained for use in p reparing the natural resource plates: 1. Soils, 2. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, National Wetlands Inventory wetlands, 3. Black-and-white leaf-on aerial photography dated March 1990, 4. Black-and-white leaf-off aerial photography dated August 1988. Using the prime source information, the original base map for the park, and results of the survey of floristics and physiognomy, the following natural resource plates were prepared: 1. Park base map with neat line, map title, scale, and north arrow, 2. Slope,. 3. Composite map showing major soil groups (upland, alluvial, unclassified, and coastal), vegetation/habitat types, and water regime, 4. Locations of permanent plots, 5. Direction of major drainage and approximate 100 year floodplain. Descriptions of Floristics and Physiognomy A total of 136 man-hours were spent setting-up and inventorying 30 permanent plots (Table 1). During the field work 53 herbaceous species were noted (Table 2). Of these, 13 were identified only to genus because they were not flowering during the site*visits. Two species, Aster sagittifolius and Lemna trisulca, are considered by the Maryland Department of Natural Resources, Forest, Park and Wildlife Service, Maryland Natural Heritage Program, as highly rare in Maryland. The latter species is also listed as State Endangered. Aster sacrittifolius occured on plot J-10 in strata B whereas Lemna trisulca. occured on plots G-2, G-4, H-3, H-4, 1-5, J-7, and J-8 in strata A. Frequency (%) [100mi/n where m = total number of plots on which the ith species occurs, and n = total number of plots sampled (15)] and relative frequency (%) [100m*/Zmi] for each herbaceous species are presented by strata [A = elevations < 7.62 meters; B = elevations > 7.62 meters] in Table 3. A total of 50 species of trees [a woody stem > 6.4 meters tall], shrubs [a woody stem or stems < 6.4 meters tall], and vines were noted during the plant inventory (Table 4). Density (number/hectare) (y /an where y = shrubs tallied for the ith species on n plots; a = plot area in hectares (0.0016 hectares); n = total number of plots sampled (15)], relative density (%) (100yI/y_y;], and importance value [relative frequency + relative density/2] are presented by strata for shrubs in Table 5. Basal area (meters square/hectare) [Fxi/n where F = 2 meters square/hectare; x; = trees tallied for the ith species on n points; n = total number of points sampled (15)], relative basal area (%) (l00xj/Zx;], density (number/hectare) [yi/an where y' trees tallied for the ith species on n plots; a = plot area in hectares (.031416)], relative density (%), frequency (%), relative frequency (%), importance value (%) [relative basal area + relative density + relative frequency/3]1 and S[3@adratic average average diameter breast height (centimeters) [14RXFx'/y; where R 10 meters) are presented for trees by strata in Ta@le 6. Also 2 Table 1. Permanent plot coordinates, strata occupied (A= lowland, B= upland, see text), and dates established at Flag Ponds, Calvert County, Maryland, 1990. Plot Number Strata Date Established B-5 B 11 May C-5 B C-6 B E-5 B 23 Apr E-6 B if F-3 B 24 Apr F-4 B 23 Apr F-5 B It G-2 A 2 Jun G-4 A if H-3 A If H-4 A if H-7 B 23 Apr H-8 B it H-9 B It H-10 B if 1-5 A 11 May 1-6 A 1-7 A 1-8 B 23 Apr I-10 B 24 Apr J-5 A 11 May J-7 A 2 Jun J-8 A if J-10 B 24 Apr K-6 A 11 May K-7 A 2 Jun K-8 A 1 Jun K-9 A it L-9 A 9 Sep 3 -Table 2. List of herbaceous plants inventoried on permanent plots, Flag Ponds Nature Park, Calvert County, Maryland, 1990. Latin Name Common.Name Allium sp. Wild Garlic Ammophila. breviligulata. American beachgrass Arisaema. sp. Indian Turnip Arisaema. atrorubens Jack-in-the-pulpit Arisaema. triphyllum Jack-in-the-pulpit Aster sp. Aster Aster sagittifolius Arrow-leaved Aster Athyrium platyneuron Ebony spleenwort Caltha. palustris Marsh marigold Carex sp. Sedge Cenchrus tribuloides Dune sandbur Ceratophyllum demersum Honewort Cryptotaenia. canadensis Wild chervil Dentaria diphylla Two-leaved toothwort Desmodium nudiflorum Naked-leaved tick-trefoil Digitaria. sp. Crabgrass Diodia teres Rough buttonweed Equisetum sp. Scouring rush Erigeron canadensis Horseweed Eupatorium sp. Thoroughwort Euphorbia maculata. Eyebane. Fragaria. virginiana. Wild strawberry Galearis spectabilis Showy orchis Galium sp. Cleavers bedstraw Galium circaezans Wild licorice Hibiscus moscheutos Rose mallow Impatiens capensis Spotted touch-me-not Lathyrus japonicus Beach pea Lemna. sp. Duckweed Lemna. minor Smaller duckweed Lemna. trisulca. Star duckweed Lycopodium obscurum Groundpine Menispermum canadense. Canada moonseed Mitchella. repens Twin-berry .Oxalis sp. Wood-sorrel Phragmites australis Wild reed Podophyllum. peltatum May-apple Polygonum persicaria, Lady's thumb Polystichum acrostichoides Christmas fern Ranunculus sp. Buttercup Ranunculus arbortivus Kidney-leaved Crowfoot Ranunculus septentrionalis Swamp buttercup Saururus cernuus Water dragon Scirpus sp. Bulrush Sporobolus sp. Dropseed Symplodarpus foetidus Skunk cabbage Tovara. virginiana. Virginia knotweed Typha angustifolia. Narrow-leaved cat-tail Typha latifolia. Common cat-tail viola sp. Violet 4 Table 2. Continued. Viola conspera American dog violet Viola rotundifolia Round-leaved yellow violet Xanthium sp. Cocklebur 5 Table 3. Rel. Herbaceous Freq. Freq. Species Strata M (-0.) ------------------------------------------------ ------------------- 7 ----------------------------- Allium A 6.67 2.27 sp. B - - ------------------------------------------------ Ammophila A 6.67 2.27 breviligulata B - - ------------------------------------------------ Arisaema A - - sp. B 33.33 6.02 ------------------- 7 ---------------------------- Arisaema A - - atrorubens B 6.67 1.2 ------------------------------------------------ Arisaema A - - triphyllum B 6.67 1.2 ------------------------------------------------ Aster A - - sp. B 53.33 9.64 ------------------------------------------------ Aster A. - - sagittifolius B 6.67 1.2 ------------------------------------------------ Athyrium A - - platyneuron B 6.67 1.2 ------------------------------------------------ Caltha A 6.67 2.27 palustris B 6.67 1.2 ------------------------------------------------ Carex A 6.67 2.27 sp. B 6.67 1.2 ------------------------------------------------ Cenchrus A 6.67 2.27 tribuloides B - - ------------------------------------------------ Ceratophyllum A - - demersum B 6.67 1.2 ------------------------------------------------ Cryptotaenia A - canadensis B 6.67 1.2 ------------------------------------------------ Dentaria A - diphylla B 20 3.61 ------------------------------------------------ 6 Table 3. Continued. Rel. Herbaceous Freq. Freq. Species Strata M ------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------- ; ----------------- Desmodium A - - B 13.33 2.41 ------------------------------------------------ Digitaria A 6.67 2.27 sp. B - ------------------------------------------------ Diodia A 6.67 2.27 teres B - - ------------------------------------------------ Equisetum A - - sp. B 6.67 1.2 ------------------------------------------------ Erigeron A 6.67 2.27 canadensis B - - 7------ 7---------------------------------------- Eupatorium A 6.67 2.27 sp. B 6.67 1.2 ------------------------------------------------- Euphorbia A 6.67 2.27 maculata B - - ------------------------------------------------ Fragaria A - - virginiana B 13.33 2.41 ------------------------------------------------ Galearis A - - spectabilis B 6.67 1.2 ------------------------------------------------ Galium A 13.33 4.54 sp. B 33.33 6.02 ------------------------------------------------ Galium. A - - circaezans B 26.67 4.82 ------------------------------------------------ Hibiscus A 33.33 11.36 moscheutos B - - ------------------------------------------------ Impatiens A capensis B 13.33 2.41 ------------------------------------------------ Lathyrus A 6.67 2.27 japonicus B - - ------------------------------------------------ 7 Table 3. Continued. Rel. Herbaceous Freq. Freq. Species Strata (-0.) (5-0 ------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------ Lemna. A 20 6.82 sp. B ------------------------------------------------ Lemna A 6.67 2.27 minor B - - ------------------------------------------------ Lemna A 46.67 15.9 trisulca B - - ------------------------------------------------ Lycopodium A - - obscurum B 6.67 1.2 ------------------------------------------------ Menispermum A 6.67 2.27 canadense B - - ------------------------------------------------ Mitchella A 26.67 9.09 repens B 6.67 1.2 ------------------------------------------------ Oxalis A - - sp. B 6.67 1.2 ------------------------------------------------- Phragmites A 13.33 4.54 australis B - - ------------------------------------------------ Podophyllum A - - peltatum B 33.33 6.02 ------------------------------------------------ Polygonum A - - persicaria, B 6.67 1.2 ------------------------------------------------ Polystichum A - - acrostichoides B 26.67 4.82 ------------------------------------------------ Ranunculus A sp. B 20 3.61 ------------------------------------------------ Ranunculus A - abortivus B 20 3.61 ------------------------------------------------ Table 3. Continued. Rel. Herbaceous Freq. Freq. Species Strata (-0.) (-0.) ------------------------------- ----------------- ------------------------------------------------ Ranunculus A - - septentrionalis B 6.67 1.2 ------------------------------------------------ Saururus A - - cernuus B 13.33 2.41 ------------------------------------------------ Scirpus A 6.67 2.27 sp. B - - ------------------------------------------------ Sporobolus A 6.67 2.27 sp. B - - ------------------------------------------------ Symplocarpus A - - foetidus B 13.33 2.41 ------------------------------------------------ Tovara A - - virginiana B 13.33 2.41 ------------------------------------------------ Typha A 20 6.82 angustifolia B ------------------------------------------------ Typha A 6.67 2.27 latifolia B - - ------------------------------------------------ viola A 6.67 2.27 sp. B 46.67 8.43 ------------------------------------------------ viola A - conspera B 20 3.61 ------------------------------------------------ Viola A rotundifolia B 6.67 1.2 ------------------------------------------------ Xanthium A 6.67 2.27 B ------------------------------------------------ 9 Table 4. List of trees, shrubs and vines inventoried on permanent plots at Flag Ponds Nature Park, Calvert County, Maryland, 1990. Latin Name Common Name Acer rubrum Red Maple Amelanchier sp. Shadbush Asimina. triloba Pawpaw - Campsis radicans Trumpet Creeper Carpinus carolinia. American hornbeam Carya glabra. Pignut hickory Cephalanthus occidentalis Button bush Cornus florida. Flowering dogwood Cornus stolonifera Red osier Diospyros virginiana Common persimmon Euonymus americanus Strawberry bush Fagus grandifolia Beech Fraxinus pennsylvanica. Green ash Ilex opaca. American holly Ilex verticillata Black alder Juniperus virginiana Red cedar Kalmia. latifolia Mountain laurel Lindera. benzoin qpicebush Liquidambar styraciflua Sweet gum ,Liriodendron tulipifera Tulip tree Lonicera.japonica Japanese honeysuckle Myrica. cerifera Wax-myrtle Nyssa sylvatica. Black gum Ostrya. virginiana. Ironwood Parthenocissus quinquefolia. Virginia.Creeper Pinus rigida Pitch pine Pinus taeda. Loblolly pine Pinus virgin iana Virginia Pine Platanus oc6identalis Sycamore Prunus serotina. Black cherry Prunus virginiana. Choke Cherry Quercus sp. Oak Quercus alba White oak Quercus falcata. Spanish oak Quercus marylandica Black jack oak Quercus phellos Willow oak Quercus prinus Chestnut oak Quercus rubra. Red oak Rhus copallina Dwarf sumac Rhus radicans Poison ivy Robinia pseudo-acacia Black locust Salix nigra. Black willow Sambucus canadensis Common elder Sassafrass albidum Sassafrass Smilax rotundifolia -Common greenbrier Ulmus dmericana. American elm vaccinium corymbosum Highbush blueberry Viburnum acerifolium Maple-leaved viburnum Viburnum prunifolium Blackh@aw Vitis sp. Grape 10 Table 5. Woody Rel, Rel Im ortance Smies Densit Density Frey. Fre Ulue 7m tall Strata (#/haT (-0.) ( % (%@- ---------------------- : --------------------- ------------------------------ Acer A - - - - rubrum B 6666.33 8.64 46.67 7.29 7.96 Amelanchior A - - - - sp. B 1000 1.36 13.33 2.08 1.72 7-7 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Asimina A 500 2.56 6.67 3.03 2.8 triloba B 12333.33 16.82 66.67 10.42 ---- 13.62 Campsis A 1666.67 8.55 13.33 6.06 7.31 radicans B - - - ------------- ----------------------------------------------------- carpinus A - - - caroliniana. B 11333.33 15.45 40 6.25 10.85 Carya A - - sp B 500 0.68 ------- 20 ----- 3.13 ----- 1.91 Cma A - - gla ra B 2333.33 3.18 ------- 40 ----- 6.25 4.72 Cepl@alanthVs A 1166.67 5.98 13.33 6.06 6.02 occidentalis B - - - - ---------- ----------------------- -------------------------------- CornVs A - - florida B 2833.33 3.86 40 6.25 5.06 Cornus A 1000 5.13 6.67 3.03 4.08. stolonifera B - - - - 7------------------------------------------------------------------------- Diospy.Vos A @ 166.67 0.85 6.67 3.03 1.94 virginiana B - - - - ----------- ----------------------------------------------------- Euonymus A 833.33 4.27 6.67 3.03 3.65 americanus B 1833.33 2.5 6.67 1.04 1.77 Fagus A 333.33 1.71 13.33 6.06 3.88 grandifolia B 1333.33 1.82 20 ----- 3.13 ----- 2.47 Fraxinus A 2333.33 11.96 26.67- - 12.12 12.04 pennsylvanica B - - - -------- ----------------------------------------------------- Table 5. Continued. Woody Rel Rel. Importance Species DensitT Density Fre Fre value <7m tall Strata (#/ha ( -0. ) @ (%71 . (%Y, --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Ilex A - - - - opaca B 7666.67 10.45 80 12.5 11.48 Ilex A 2500 12.82 6.67 3.03 7.92 verticillata B - - - - ------------------------------------------------ 7----------------------- JVnipeVus A 166.67 0.85 6.67 3.03 1.94 virginiana B - - - - - ----------- ----------------------------------------------------- Kalmia A - - - - - latifolia B 333.33 0.45 6.67 1.04 0.75 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- LindeVa A 333.33 1.71 6.67 3.03 2.37 benzoin B 8166.67 11.14 33.33 5.21 8.17 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Li4uidambar A 1666.67 8.55 13.33 6.06 7.31 styraciflua B 333.33 0.45 6.67 1.04 0.75 Myrica. A 3666.67 18.8 20 9.09 13.95 cerifera B - - - - - ----------------------------------- --------------------------------------- CN Nyssa A 166.67 0.85 6.67 3.03 1.94 sylvatica B - - - - - --------- -- ----------------------------------------------------- Ostrya. A - - - - - virginiana B 166.67 0.23 6.67 1.04 0.63 PaVthenocissus A - - 6.67 1.04 - quinquefolia B 666.67 0.91 13.33 2.08 1.5 Pinus A 166.67 0.85 6.67 3.03, 1.94 taeda B - - - - - --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prunus A 666.67 3.42 6.67 3.03 3.22 serotina B - - - - - --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Pi;unus A - - - - - Virginiana B 5166.67 7.04 66.67 10.42 8.73 ------------------------------------------------------------------ Quercus A - - - - - sp B 166.67 0.23 6.67 1.04 0.63 Quercus A - - - - - alba B 166.67 0.23 6.67 1.04 0.63 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Table 5. Continued. Woody Rel, Re1 Immtance Species DensitT Density Frey. Fre alue <7m tall Strata M (% (%@- % - -------------------------- - ----- --------------------------------------------------------------------------- ? uercus A 166.67 0.85 6.67 3.03 1.94 alcata B 166.67 0.23 6.67 1.04, 0.63 -------------------------------------------------- ?------------------------ QueVcus A 333.33 1.71 6.67 3.03 2.37 marilandica B - - - - - Quercus A - - - - - prinus B 500 0.68 13.33 2.08 1.38 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Quercus A - - - - - rubra B 166.67 0.23 6.67 1.04 0.63 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Rhus A 166.67 0.85 6.67 3.03 1.94 copallina B - - - - - ----------------------------------------------------------------- Rhus A - - 6.67 3.03 - radicans B 1000 1.36 13.33 2.08 1.72 ---------- ---------------------------------------------------------------- Salix A 500 2.56 6.67 3.03 2.79 nigra B - - - - - ------------------------------------------------------------------ Sassafrass A - - - - - albidum B 333.33 0.45 13.33 2.08 1.27 ------------------------------------------------------------------------- Smilax A - - - - - rotundifolia B 5666.67 7.72 33.33 5.21 6.46 --------------------------------------------------------------- ulmu@; A 333.33 1.71 13.33 6.06 3.88 americana B - - - - ---- 7-7 -------------------------------------------------------------------- Vaccinium A - - - - - corumbosum B 166.67 .0.23 6.67 1.04 0.63 ----------------------------------------------------------------- Viburnum A - - - - - acerifolium B 2500 3.4 33.33 5.21 4.31 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- vibuVnum A 166.67 0.85 6.67 3.03 1.94 prunifolium B 166.67 0.23 6.67 1.04 0.63 -------------------------------------------------------- :7 ---------------- Vitis A 500 2.56 6.67- 3.03 2.79 .sp. B - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Stand A 19500 B 73330.33 %--4T Table 6. Woody Basal Rel. Rel, Rel. Importance Avg. Mcies Area B.A. Densit Density Freq. Fre value D.B. > m tall Strata (m/ha) (#/hay M (CM) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Acer A 2.4 19.15 89.13 27.81 40 18.75 21.9 18.51 rubrum B 1.47 4.81 48.81 7.52 53.33 8.69 7.01 24.47 --7-7 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Asimina A - - - - - - - triloba B 0.13 0.44 2.12 0.33 6.67 1.09 0.62 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Carpinus A - - - - - - - caroliniana B 0.4 1.31 91.24 14.05 66.67 10.87 8.74 7.47 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - Car a A - - - - - - - - glagra B 0.26 0.85 4.24 0.65 6.67 1.09 0.86 28.28 --------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Cornus A - - 2.12 0.66 6.66 3.13 1 26 - florida B 0.67 2.19 89.13 13.73 66.67 10.87 8:93 10.28 7 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- DiospyVos A - - - - - - -- virginiana B 0.13 0.43 10.61 1.63 6.67 1.09 1.05 4 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Fagus A - - - - - - grandifolia B 1.07 3.5 31.83 4.9 46.67 7.61 5.34 20.65 7------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Fraxinus A 4.53 36.15 89.13 27.81 40 18.75 27.57 25.44 pennsylvanica B 2.93 9.59 48.81 7.52 20 3.26 6.79 27.66 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Ilex A - - - - - - - opaca B 0.93 3.05 67.9 10.46 33.33 5.43 6.31 13.23 ---------------- ------- ---- ----- ----- ---- ------------------------------------- Liquidambar A 3.33 26.58 76.39 23.84 53.33 25 25.14 23.57 styraciflua B 4.27 13.99 127.32 19.61 93.33 15.22 16.27 20.66 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Liriodendron A - - - - - - - tulipifera B 11.2 36.68 74.27 11.44 73.33 11.69 20.03 43.81 ----------- ------------ ---- ---- ---- ---- --------------------------- Nyssa A 0.13 1.04 14.85 4.63 26.67 12.5 6.06 10.69 sylvatica B 0.27 0.88 6.37 0.98 20 3.26 1.71 23.09 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Ostrya. A virginiana B 2.12 0.33 6.67 1.09 0.47 ----------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- PjnVs A 1.33 10.61 14.85- 4.63 13.33 6.25 7.16 23.09 .rigida B - - - - - - - ----------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Table 6. Continued. Woody Basal R e.1 Rel, Rel Im ortance Avg. Mcies Area B.A. Densit Density Freq. Fre Ulue D.B > m tall Strata (m/ha) (#/ha % % ---------- -7 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Pinus A 1.2 9.58 21.22 6.62 20 9.38 8.53 26.83 taeda B 1.07 3.5 6.37 0.98 13.33 2.17 2.22 46.19 Pjnu@; A - - - - - - - - virginiana B 0.53 1.73 4.24 0.65 13.33 2.17 1.52 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Pla@anus A 0.13 1.06 0.35 occidentalis B - - - --- -------------- L ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prunus A - - - - - - - virginiana B 0.93 3.05 1.96 33.33 5.43 .3.48 30.55 ----------- --- -------- ----- ------------------------------------------------------ Quercus A - - - - - - alba B 0.13 0.43 2.12 0.33 6.67 1.09 0.62 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- R uercus A - - - - - - - Icata B 2.4 7.86 4.24 0.65 6.67 1.09 3.2 40 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- QueVcus A 0.13 1.06 0.35 marilandica B - - - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LO Quercus A,- - - - - - - - - 1-4 prinus B 0.53 0.33 2.12 0.33 6.67 1.09 1.05 56.57 Quercus A - - - - - - - - rubra B 0.93 3.05 2.12 0.33 6.67 1.09 1.49 74.83 Robinia A - - - - - - - - pseudo-acacia B 2.12 0.33 6.67 1.09 0.47 -------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Salix A 0.13 1.06 10.61 3.31 6.66 3.13 2.5 12.65 nigra B - - - - - - - - ----------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Sassafrass A albidum B - -------------- ------ 0.13 2 6 4.24 13.33--- 2.17 2.36 20 Ulmus A - 5.03 1.57 6.66 3.13 1.57 americana B 4.24 0.65 6.67 1.09 0.58 ------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Stand A 12.53 320.43 22.32 B 30.53 649.35 24.47 included therein are stand basal area [FZx;/n], stand density [@XLl/an and stand quadratic average diameter at breast height _4@@ Z_ x -, /7 1V4R Yi I - Ten additional plant species were observed off of the permanent plots during the inventory. These species are given in Table 7. Seven species of amphibians, six species of reptiles, 30 species of birds, and seven species of mammals were also observed. Amphibians and reptiles are listed in Table 8 whereas birds and mammals are listed in Tables 9 and 10, respectively. of these, Accipiter striatus and Haliaeetus leucocephalus (Table 9) are considered rare in Maryland. The latter species is also listed as State Endangered and Federal Endangered. conclusions The information presented herein, coupled with the natural resource plates, should allow staff in the Department of Planning and Zoning and the Division of Natural Resources to objectively evaluate some of the effects of future land-use changes at Flag Ponds Natural Area. However, the results of some additional work would be useful. The proposed work includes: 1. Future visits to plot J-10 during the 1991.growing season to verify the presence of Aster sagittifolius. 2. Additional standardized plant inventory work within strata A and B. These data would allow for the statistical -differentiation of plant communities and subsquent mapping of plant community boundaries. The natural resource plate depicting vegetation/habitat types illustrates gross physiognomy which may not correlate well with floristic differences between communities. 3. An effort should be made to evaluate the effects of future development in the park on forest interior bird species. These species include Empidponax virescens, Vireo olivaceus, Mniotilta varia, Parula americana, Seiurus m@o`tacilla, Seiurus au'@`ocapillus, Oporornis formosus, and Piranga olivacea. Forest interior bird species are negatively affected by forest fragmentation and the creation of edge habitat. 4. Using the park base map, soils map, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service National Wetlands Inventory map, and aerial photography, an effort should be made to develop a quantitative history of beach erosion just south of Long Beach. It appears as though structures intalled to protect shoreline property in Long Beach are causing accelerated erosion of the park's northernmost shoreline. 16 Table 7. Additional herbaceous plants observed at Flag Ponds, Calvert County, Maryland, 1990, that were not located on permanent plots. Latin Name Common Name Maianthemum canadense Two-leaved solomon's seal Sanguinaria canadensis Bloodroot Botrychium sp. Moonwort Aquilegia canadensis Wild columbine Peltandra virginica Arrow-arum Althea officinalis Marshmallow Cypripedium. acaule Pink lady's-slipper Monarda sp. Horsemint Chenopodium album Lamb's quarters Epigaea repens Trailing arbutus unidentified grasses unidentified mosses 17 '@able 8. List of amphibians and reptiles observed at Flag Ponds, Calvert County, Maryland, 1990. Additional species observed between 1985- 1989 are indicated by Latin Name Common Name Strata Amphibians Ambystoma maculata Spotted salamander A Hyla cinerea Green tree frog A Hyla crucifer spring peeper B Hyla chrysoscelis Gray tree frog B Pseudacris triseriata feriarum Upland chorus frog A Rana catesbeiana Bull frog A Rana utricularia Southern leopard frog A Reptiles Agkistrodon contortrix Northern Copperhead A* Chelydra serpentina Common Snapping Turtle A Cnemidophorus sexlineatus Six-lined Race Runner A Eumeces laticeps Five-lined Skink A Scincella lateralis Ground Skink A* Terrapene carolina Eastern Box Turtle A,B 18 Table 9. List of birds observed at Flag Ponds, Calvert County, Maryland, 1990. Latin Name Common Name Strata Accipiter striatus Sharp-shinned hawk B Pandion haliaetus Osprey A Haliaeetus leucocephalus Bald eagle A Anas platyrhynchos Mallard A Ardea. herodias Great blue heron A Butorides striatus Green-backed heron A Meleagris qallopavo Wild turkey ArB Charadrius vociferus Killdeer A Archilochus colubris Ruby-throated hummingbird B Melanerpes carolinus Red-bellied woodpecker B Empidponax virescens Acadian flycatcher A contopus virens Eastern Wood-peewee A,B Progne subis Purple Martin A corvus ossifragus Fish crow A Parus carolinensis Carolina chickadee B Parus bicolor Tufted titmouse B Thryothorus.ludovicianus Carolina wren B Polioptila caerulea. Blue-gray gnatcatcher AfB Vireo griseus White-eyed vireo A Vireo olivaceus Red-eyed vireo A,B Mniotilta. varia Black-and-white warbler B Parula. americana Northern parula. A,B Dendroica pinus Pine warbler A,B Seiurus motacilla Louisiana waterthrush B Seiurus aurocapillus Ovenbird B Oporornis fbrmosus Kentucky warbler B Agelaius phoeniceus Red-winged blackbird A Quiscalus quiscula. Common grackle A Piranqa olivacea Scarlet tanager A,B Carduelis tristis American goldfinch A 19 Table 10. List of mammals observed at Flag Ponds, Calvert County, Maryland, 1990. Sylvilagus floridanus Eastern cottontail Sciurus carolinensis (@ray squirrel Ondatra zibethicus Muskrat Vulpes vulpes Red fox Procyon lotor Raccoon Mustela vison Mink Odocoileus virginianus White-tailed deer 20 Attachment A. PROPOSAL FOR NATURAL RESOURCES MAPPING AND STUDIES OF FLORISTICS AND PLANT PHYSIOGNOMY AT FLAG PONDS NATURAL AREA CALVERT COUNTY, MARYLAND John E. Hench, Ph.D. 4313 Wendy Court Monrovia, Maryland 21770 GOAL To acquire natural resources data necessary to objectively assess impacts of development in Flag Ponds Natural Area, Calvert County, Maryland. OBJECTIVES To prepare 111 = 2001 scale natural resources plates for Flag Ponds Natural Area including (1) topography with existing development, (2) soils, (3) slope, (4) wetlands, 100 year flood- plain, and major drainage divides, (5) black-and-white leaf-on and leaf-off aerial photography, and (6) plant communities. To describe the floristics and physiognomy of major plant communities at Flag Ponds Natural Area. To establish a permanent plot'system at Flag Ponds Natural Area. BACKGROUND Flag Ponds Natural Area encompasses 327 acres on the Western Shore of Chesapeake Bay. The site is considered "the most environmentally sensitive, diverse, and unique area in the region (Calvert County Board of commissioners, 1984:2)." Topographically, the park is separated into two distinct areas: a broad, low lying, actively accreting, sandy cape and a severely eroded and disected .upland terrace. A steep cliff, 80 to 100 feet above sea level and oriented in a north-south direction, demarcates a boundary between the two areas. Land to the west of the cliffs drains to St. Leonard's Creek and Patuxtent River whereas land to the east drains directly to,@Chesapeake Bay. Bathymetry has shown that a large shoal* ranging 200,feet out at the northern end to 1000 feet out at the southern end, is developing off-shore of the southward accreting cape (Calvert County Board of Commissioners, 1984). At present, the shoal is exposed during extremely low tides. Future enlargement of the shoal should result in formation of a new pond east of the existing beach. Hill (1987) notes that Flag Ponds Natural Area encompasses four major community types: (1) tidal saline bay, (2) interdunal -- including pond, marsh, and swamp, (3) accreting sandy beach, and (4) upland deciduous forest. Two State Endangered species, Star duckweed (Lemna trisulca) and Northeastern Beach Tiger-beetle (Cincindela d. dorsalis), are known from the site. The former species is a Federal candidate for Threatened or Endangered status. Shorebirds, osprey (Pandion haliaetus), colonial waterbirds, and waterfowl use Flag .-,"Ponds seasonally. Numerous species of forest interior birds -- including Red-shouldered Hawk (Buteo lineatus), Red-eyed Vireo (Vireo olivaceus), and Scarlet Tanager (Piranga olivacea) -- nest in the upland deciduous forest. A Master Plan for Flag Ponds Natural Area was approved by the Board of County Commissioners, Calvert County, in November, 1984. The document outlines three phases of planned development. Phases I (FY 85,86) and II (FY 87,88,89) include entrance road improvements, security gates, parking, security residence, loop road system, emergency access road to the beach, visitor center with restrooms, fishing pier, bathhouse, boardwalk,'and trails. As of autumn 1989, Phases I and II had been largely completed. Additional parking, trails, primitive camping areas, and picnic facilities are planned for Phase III in FY 90 and 91. METHODS Preparation of Natural Resource Plates Project Grid and Base Map The Project Consultant (Dr. John E. Hench) will provide Photo Science, Inc., Gaithersburg, Maryland, with 111 = 2001 scale topo- graphic maps of Flag Ponds Natural Area, 111 = 1,3201 scale soils maps (Matthews, 1971), and a 111 =@2,0001 scale U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service National Wetlands Inventory Map for the Cove Point .Quadrangle. Photo Science, Inc., will identify Maryland State Plane Grid coordinates on the original map. Coordinates for the project area will be established jointly by Photo Science, Inc., the Project Consultant, and Calvert County staff. In order to ensure proper registration of all map products, a project grid with a grid interval of 5.0 inches will be set up on a Wild,TA2 plotting table. The project grid will be punch registered with a seven hole punch; all subsquent map products will employ a matching set of punch register holes. The original topographic map will be checked for accuracy by comparing coordinate values on the original map to those on the project grid. Photo Science, Inc., will then add a neat line, map title, scale, and north arrow using scribe-coat plates and produce a composite positive of the base map on-0.004 inch Mylar drafting film. The composite will be sumbitted to the Project Consultant for review and editing. 2 Aerial Photography The Project Consultant will obtain most recent high altitude black-and-white leaf-on and leaf-off aerial photography from Air Photographics, Inc., Martinsburg, West Virginia. Photography will be enlarged to 111 = 2001 on 0.004 inch Mylar and used to delineate existing development and plant community boundaries. Soils and Wetlands Appropriate sections of soils and wetlands maps will be enlarged to 111 = 2001 and carefully matched to the base map. A composite positive, including neatline, project grid, and registration, will be produced for each on 0.004 inch Mylar. The Project Consultant will review and edit this material. Slope, Drainage, and Plant Communities Photo Science, Inc., will provide the Project Consultant with blank sheets of punch registered Mylar. The Project Consultant will use these sheets to develop interpretive plates for slope, drainage with 100 year floodplain, and plant communities in pencil. Completed tracings will be returned to Photo Science, Inc., for the next production phase. Preparation of Descriptive Legends Legends describing mapped attributes will be designed by Photo Science, Inc., and the Project Consultant. Completed art work will be submitted to Calvert County staff for review and editing. Production of Scribe-coat Films Photo Science, Inc., will transfer information from the pencil tracings to punch registered, stable-base, scribecoat film. Completed scribe-coat films, with the corresponding tracing, will be submitted to the.Project Consultant for review and editing. Production of Peel-coat Films To facilitate delineation of broad areas of tone on final map sheets, photosensitive peel-coat films will be produced. The peel- coat'sheets are punch registered and exposed using an edited, cor- rected scribe-coat. After exposure and development, the peel-coat film is laid over the original pencil tracings and selected areas of final'map sheets a halftone screen tint will be exposed into the "window" areas. Completed peel-coat films will be submitted to the Project Consultant for review and editing. 3 @,-'Production of Final Positive Map Sheets Photo Science, Inc., will produce final maps at 111 = 2001 on 36 * 44 inch sheets of photosensitive Mylar. Final sheets will include * neat line, Annotated State Plane Grid,' and park boundary. Sheets will depict the scribe-coat for each resource attribute and the accompanying peel-coat films. Appropriate legend blocks will be added to each sheet in a non-image area. Security negatives will be produced for each sheet at 111 = 2001 s-cale thereby facilitating production of future copies with increased efficiency and reduced cost. Calvert County will receive all maps and negatives. Descriptions of Floristics and Physiognomy The Project Consultant and Field Ecologist (James M. Hill) will jointly develop descriptions of floristics and physiognomy for Flag Ponds Natural Area. A description of the methodology follows. A Geological Survey 7.51 topographic map and Fish and Wildlife Service National Wetlands Inventory map were used to establish two strata for field sampling. Strata I included areas of the park greater than 25 feet in elevation; Strata II included areas less than 25 feet in elevation. A 111 = 2001 scale base map of Flag Ponds Natu- ral Area was then gridded at 500 foot intervals based on the Maryland State Plane Grid. Grid columns were labeled A through L; rows were labeled 1 through 11. The grid yielded 30 points (grid intersec- tions) in Strata I and 25 points in Strata II. Fifteen points were then randomly selected from each strata for field sampling. The following information will be collected at each of the 30 points: Tree species: The basal area, density, frequency, quadratic average. diameter atibreast height, and importance value of tree species will be obtained;@with a method of forest sampling developed by Eichenberger et al. (1982). A cruise master 4.9 feet square/acre (two meters square/hectare) amber thin prism will be used for point and plot tallies. Plot radius will be 32.8 feet (10 meters) from the sampling point. Borderline trees will be counted as one half. Shrub species: All shrub species [woody vegetation less than 21 feet (6.4 meters) tall] present on a 13.2 foot (4 meter) square plot ori- ented on the southeast corner of the sampling point will be recorded. Shrub species cover will be presented as both absolute and relative frequency. Herbaceous species: All herbaceous species present on two,3.3 foot (one meter) square plots oriented in the northeast and southwest corners of the shrub plot will be recorded. Herb plots will be sur- veyed during the spring and again one or more times during the summer. Herbaceous species cover will be presented as both absolute and rela- tive frequency. 4 Information from the plant survey as well as a Geological Survey -7.51 topographic map, Calvert County soils maps (Matthews 1971), a @_-O'Fish and Wildlife Service National Wetlands Inventory map, and high altitude black-and-white leaf-on and leaf-off aerial photography will be used to delineate major plant community boundaries. Permanent Plots A permanent plot will be jointly established at each sampling point by the Project Consultant and Field Ecologist during the course of the plant survey. Each of the 30 plots will be permanently marked with either metal tags nailed to trees or six foot metal-stakes driven into the ground and referenced to the Maryland State Plane Grid. SCHEDULE Work Products Prolected Completion Base map, aerial photography, June 1, 1990 soils map, and wetlands map. slope map, drainage map with July 1, 1990 100 year floodplain, and plant communities map. Descriptions of floristics September 30, 1990 and physiognomy, permanent plot set.up, and final report. BUDGET Project Photo Field Calvert Task Consultant Sci., Inc. Ecologist County Coordination $1,000 Mapping $6,000 $6,000 Floristics & $3,750 $3,750 Physiognomy Permanent 500 $ 500 Plots Equipment, $2,500 aerial photos, misc. expenses 5 LITERATURE CITED Board of County Commissioners, Calvert County, Maryland. 1984. Flag Ponds'Natural Area Master Plan. Department of Planning and Zoning. Prince Frederick, Maryland. 23pp. Hill, James M. 1987. Description of Critical Area Natural Heritage Area 12: Flag Ponds, Calvert County, Maryland. Maryland Department of Natural Resources, Natural Heritage Program. Annapolis. 10 pp. + 18 sheets. Matthews, E. D. 1971. Soil Survey, Calvert County, Maryland. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service. 36pp. + 36 sheets. 6 I - . APPENDIX A Plant Species Composition for the Permanent Plots Flag Ponds Natural Area, Calvert County, Maryland I Flag Ponds Natural Area, Calvert County, Maryland. Plants located on permanent plot A/G-2, 1990. Herbaceous species Hibiscus moscheutos Lemna sp. Lemna trisulca Phragmites australis Woody species Acer rubrum Flag Ponds Natural Area, Calvert County, Maryland. Plants located on permanent plot A/G-4, 1990. Herbaceous species Hibiscus moscheutos Lemna sp. Lemna trisulca Typha angustifolia Woody species Cephalanthus occidentalis Flag Ponds Natural Area, Calvert County, Maryland. Plants located on permanent plot A/H-3, 1990. Herbaceous species Hibiscus moschuetos Lemna trisulca Typha angustifolia woody species no ne present Flag Ponds Natural Area, Calvert County, Maryland. Plants located on permanent plot A/H-4, 1990. Herbaceous species Hibiscus moscheutos Lemna sp. Lemna trisulca Woody species Acer rubrum Fraxinus pennsylvanica Liquidambar styraciflua Flag Ponds Natural Area, Calvert County, Maryland. Plants located on permanent plot A/I-S, 1990. Herbaceous species Lemna trisulca Woody species Acer rubrum Cornus stolonifera Fraxinus pennsylvanica Liquidambar styraciflua Flag Ponds Nature Park, Calvert County, Maryland. Plants located on permanent plot A/I-6, 1990. Herbaceous species none present Woody species Acer rubrum Fraxinus pennsylvanica Liquidambar styraciflua u1mus americana Flag Ponds Nature Park, Calvert County, Maryland. Plants located on permanent plot A/I-7, 1990. herbaceous species none present woody species Acer rubrum Fraxinus pennsylvanica Ilex verticillata Liquidambar styraciflua Platanus occidentalis Ulmus americana Flag Ponds.Natural Area, Calvert County, Maryland. Plants located on permanent plot A/J-5, 1990. Herbaceous species Phragmites australis woody species none present Flag Ponds Natural Area, Calvert County, Maryland. Plants located on permanent plot A/J-7, 1990. Herbaceous species Eupatorium sp. Hibiscus moscheutos Lemna trisulca Typha angustifolia Typha latifolia woody species Acer rubrum Cephafanthus occidentalis Fraxinus pennsylvanica Liquidambar styraciflua Nyssa sylvatica* Salix nigra Viburnum prunifolium Flag Ponds Natural Area,, Calvert County,, Maryland- Plants located on permanent plot A/J-8, 1990. Herbaceous species Lemna trisulca Woody species Acer rubrum Campsis radicans Fraxinus penns'ylvanica Liquidambar styraciflua Nyssa sylvatica Rhus radicans Smilax rotundifolia Flag Ponds Natural Area, Calvert County, Maryland. Plants located on permanent plot A/K-6, 1990. Herbaceous species Allium sp. Galium sp. Menispermum canadense Woody species Campsis radicans Cornus florida Fraxinus pennsylvanica Liquidambar styraciflua Myrica cerifera Nyssa sylvatica Parthenocissus quinquifolia Pinus taeda Rhus radicans Flag Ponds Natural Area, Calvert County, Maryland. Plants located on permanent plot A/K-7, 1990. Herbaceous species Lemna minor woody species Fraxinus pennsylvanica Flag Ponds Natural Area, Calvert County, Maryland. Plants located on permanent plot A/K-8, 1990. Herbaceous species Carex sp. Galium sp. Woody species Asimina triloba Fagus grandifolia Liquidambar styraciflua myrica cerifera Nyssa sylvatica Pinus rigida Pinus taeda Platanus occidentalis Quercus marilandica Rhus copallina Ulmus americana Vitis Sp. Flag Ponds Natural Area, Calvert County, Maryland. Plants located on permanent plot A/K-9, 1990. Herbaceous species Mitchella repens Viola sp. woody species Diospyros virginiana Euonymus americanus Fagus grandifolia Fraxinus pennsylvanica Juniperus virginiana Lindera benzoin Liquidambar styraciflua Myrica cerifera Nyssa sylvatica Pinus rigida Pinus taeda Quercus falcata Flag Ponds Natural Area, Calvert County, Maryland. Plants located on permanent plot A/L-9, 1990. Herbaceous species none present Woody species none present Flag Ponds Natural Area, Calvert County, Maryland. Plants located on permanent plot B/B-S, 1990. Herbaceous species Aster sp. Ceratophyllum demersum Equisetum sp. Galium sp. Impatiens capensis Podophyllum peltatum Polygonum persicaria Ranunculus sp. Saururus cernuus Symplocarpus foetidus Tovara virginiana Viola sp. Woody species Acer rubrum Asimina triloba carpinus caroliniana Cornus florida Fraxinus pennsylvanica Ilex opaca Lindera benzoin Liquidambar styraciflua Liriodendron tulipifera Prunus virginiana Ulmus americana Flag Ponds Natural Area, Calvert County, Maryland. Plants located on permanent plot B/C-5, 1990. Herbaceous species Arisaema atrorubens Arisaema triphyllum Aster sp. Desmodium nudiforum Fragaria virginiana Galearis sppctabilis Galium circaezans Podophyllum peltatum Ranunculus arbortivus Viola sp. Woody species Acer rubrum Asimina triloba Carpinus caroliniana Carya glabra Fagus grandifolia Ilex opaca Lindera benzoin Liquidambar styraciflua Liriodendron tulipifera Nyssa sylvatica Quercus prinus Viburnum acerifolium Flag Ponds Natural Area, Calvert County, Maryland. Plants located on permanent plot B/C-6, 1990. Herbaceous species Arisaema sp. Aster sp. Caltha palustris Cryptotaenia canadensis Impatiens capensis Ranunculus sp. Ranunculus arbortivus Ranunculus septentrionalis Saururus cernuus Symplocarpus foetides Tovara virginiana Viola sp. woody species Acer rubrum Asimina triloba Carpinus caroliniana Fagus grandifolia Fraxinus pennsylvanica Lindera benzoin Liquidambar styraciflua Nyssa sylvatica Rhus radicans Smilax rotundifolia Flag Ponds Natural Area, Calvert County, Maryland. Plants located on permanent plot B/E-5, 1990. Herbaceous species Mitchella repens woody species Acer rubrum Amelanchior sp. carpinus caroliniana Cornus florida Fagus grandifolia Ilex opaca Liquidambar styraciflua Liriodendron tulipifera Nyssa sylvatica Pinus virginiana Prunus virginiana Quercus falcata Viburnum acerifolium Flag Ponds Natural Area, Calvert County, Maryland. Plants located on permanent plot B/E-6, 1990. Herbaceous species Alium sp. Arisaema sp. Aster sp. Desmodium nudiforum Podophyllum peltatum Polystichum acrostichoides viola conspera woody species Acer rubrum Asimina triloba Carpinus caroliniana Cornus florida Fagus grandifolia Ilex opaca Liquidambar styraciflua Liriodendron tulipifera Prunus virginiana Quercus rubra Viburnum acerifolium Flag Ponds Natural Area, Calvert County, Maryland. Plants located on permanent plot B/F-3, 1990. Herbaceous species Arisaema sp. Aster sp. Dentaria diphylla Galium sp. Podophyllum peltatum Polystichum. acrostichoides Ranunculus arbortivus viola rotundifolia woody species Asimina triloba carpinus caroliniana Cornus florida Fagus grandifolia Fraxinus pennsylvanica Liquidambar styraciflua Liriodendron tulipifera Prunus virginiana Quercus rubra Flag Ponds Natural Area, Calvert County, Maryland. Plants located on permanent plot B/F-4, 1990. Herbaceous species Arisaema sp. Aster sp. Athyrium platynueron Dentaria diphylla Galium sp. Mitchella repens Oxalis sp. Woody species Acer rubrum Asimina triloba Carpinus caroliniana Carya glabra Cornus florida Fagus grandifolia' Liquidambar styraciflua Liriodendron tulipifera Prunus virginiana Quercus falcata Quercus rubra Viburnum acerifolium Flag Ponds Natural Area, Calvert County, Maryland. Plants located on permanent plot B/F-51 1990. Herbaceous species Mitchella repens Woody species Acer rubrum Asimina triloba Carya glabra Cornus florida Fagus grandifolia Ilex opaca Liquidambar styraciflua Liriodendron tulipifera Pinus virginiana Prunus virginiana Quercus alba Quercus falcata Quercus prinus Quercus rubra Sassafrass albidum Smilax rotundifolia Flag Ponds Natural Area, Calvert County, Maryland. Plants located on permanent plot,# B/H-7, 1990. Herbaceous species Carex sp. Galium circaezans Polystichum acrostichoides woody species Acer rubrum Asimina triloba Carpinus caroliniana Carya glabra Cornus florida Fagus grandifolia Ilex opaca Kalmia latifolia Liquidambar styraciflua Liriodendron tulipifera Pinus taeda Prunus virginiana Quercus alba Quercus prinus Sassafrass albidum Viburnum prunifolium Flag Ponds Natural Area, Calvert County, Maryland. Plants located on permanent plot B/H-8, 1990. Herbaceous species Viola sp. Woody species Acer rubrum Amelanchior sp. Carya glabra Cornus florida Ilex opaca Liquidambar styraciflua Liriodendron tulipifera Parthenocissus quinquifolia Prunus virginiana Quercus falcata Rhus radicans Sassafrass albidum Smilax rotundifolia Viburnum acerifolium Flag Ponds Natural Area, Calvert County, Maryland. Plants located on permanent plot B/H-9, 1990. Herbaceous species Lycopodium obscurum Ranunculus sp. woody species Acer rubrum Carpinus caroliniana Carya sp. Cornus florida Euonymus americanus Ilex opaca Liquidambar styraciflua Liriodendron tulipifera Ostrya virginiana Pinus taeda Pinus virginiana Prunus virginiana Quercus sp. Robinia pseudo-acacia Sassafrass albidum Smilax rotundifolia Vaccin'ium corumbosum Flag Ponds Natural Area, Calvert County, Maryland. Plants located on permanent plot B/H-10, 1990. Herbaceous species Caltha palustris Eupatorium sp. Woody species Acer rubrum Asimina triloba Cornus florida Diospyros virginiana Ilex opaca Liquidambar styraciflua Liriodendron tulipifera Pinus taeda Pinus virginiana Prunus virginiana Smilax rotundifolia Flag Ponds Natural Area, Calvert County, Maryland. Plants located on permanent plot B/1-8, 1990. Herbaceous species Arisaema sp. Dentaria diphylla Galium sp. Galium circaezans Podophyllum peltatum Woody species Asimina triloba Cornus florida Ilex opaca Lindera benzoin Liquidambar styraciflua Liriodendron tulipifera Parthenodissus quinquifolia Pinus taeda Prunus virginiana Smilax rotundifolia Flag Ponds Natural Area, Calvert County, Maryland. Plants located on permanent plot B/I-10, 1990. Herbaceous species AlUum sp. Aster sp. Fragaria virginiana Galium circaezans Viola sp. Viola conspera Woody species Carpinus caroliniana Cornus florida Ilex opaca Lindera benzoin Liquidambar styraciflua Liriodendron tulipifera Prunus virginiana Flag Ponds Natural Area, Calvert County, Xaryland. Plants located on permanent plot B/J-10, 1990. Herbaceous species Aster sp. Aster sagittifolius Mitchella repens Polystichum acrostichoides Viola sp. Viola conspera woody species Acer rubrum carpinus caroliniana Carya glabra Cornus florida Ilex opaca Liquidambar styraciflua Liriodendron tulipifera Prunus virginiana Quercus rubra I 4, I I 0 Fil, 111161111111iffill, 1 3 6668 14109 9103 '