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oman.. r. anc uar ana e en an ODNR QH @ARTMENT OF COMMERCE OHIO DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES 76.5 'Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Division of Natural Areas and Preserves Old W C k National Estuarine S t y M t P1 bcean and Coastal Resource Management Fountain Square U6 / Programs Division 043 Dn, D.C. 20235 Columbus, Ohio 43224 1983 Old Woman Creek National Estuarin anctuary Manage ent Plan MARCH 1983 S COASTAL SERVICES CENTER - DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE NOAA 2234 SOUTH HOBSON AVENUE CHARLESTON SC 29405-2413 ftOPWtY Of CSC Library ODNR e S U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE OHIO DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Division of Natural Areas and Preserves Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management Fountain Square Sanctuary Programs Division Columbus, Ohio 43224 Washington, D.C. 20235 OLD WOMAN CREEK NATIONAL ESTUARINE SANCTUARY MANAGEMENT PLAN Prepared by the DIVISION OF NATURAL AREAS AND PRESERVES OHIO DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURC ES FOUNTAIN SQUARE COLUMBUS, OHIO 43224 Submitted to OFFICE OF OCEAN AND COASTAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT NATIONAL OCEAN SERVICE NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE APRIL 1981 REVISED, MAY 1982 2ND REVISION, APRIL 1983 This management plan was developed as partial fulfillment of contractual obligations with the Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management. Partial funding for the development of this document was made possible under pro- visions of the Coastal Zone Management Act (P.L. 92-583), as amended. TABLE OF CONTENTS Page No. Table of Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i List of Figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iii List of Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iv Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Executive Summary . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 General Description of Resources and Uses History of Old Woman Creek . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Regional Perspective . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Climate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Geology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Soils . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Hydrology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Flora . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Fauna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Management Strategy I. Administration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 A. Sanctuary Staff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 B. Future Staff Needs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 C. Volunteer Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 D. Sanctuary Advisory Council . . . . . . . . . . . 30 E. Plan Review and Modification . . . . . . . . . . 31 F. Visitor-Research Center Facility . . . . . . . . 31 II. Management Policies A. Management Goals and Objectives . . . . . . . . 32 B. Access/Use Zones . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 C. Resource Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 III. Resource Management Plan A. On-site Management Units . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 B, Off-site Management Considerations . . . . . . . 49 Page No. Research A. Research Philosophy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 B. Research Framework . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 C. Monitoring Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 D. Facilities and Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 E. Research Prospectus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 F. Funding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 G. Information Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 H. History of Research Prior to Sanctuary Designation. 61 I. History of Research After Sanctuary Designation . . 62 J. Research Priorities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 K. Research Bibliography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 Education A. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 B. Off-site Activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 C. On-site Activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 (1) Publications . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . 69 (2) Organized Activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 (3) Visitor Orientation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 (4) Reference Library . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . 73 (5) Recreational Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . 73 Appendices A. Flora and Fauna of the Old Woman Creek Watershed . . . Al B. Sanctuary Staff Position Descriptions . . . . . . . . B1 C. Checklist for Volunteers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cl D. Old Woman Creek Sanctuary Advisory Council . . . . . . Dl E. Old Woman Creek Sanctuary Access Permit . . . . . . . El F. Resource Protection Authority (ORC Chapter 1517: . . . Fl Nature Preserves) G. Research Guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gl H. Articles of Dedication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H1 I. Selected References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ii LIST OF FIGURES FIGURE TITLE PAGE NO. I Location Map 4 2 Historic Fluctuations of Lake Erig 20 Water Levels 3 Division of Natural Areas and Preserves 28 Organization Chart 4 Ohio Center for Coastal Wetlands Studies 33 Facility Floor Plan 5 Old Woman Creek National Estuarine 35 Sanctuary Access/Use Zones 6 Resource Management Units Map 38 7 Ohio Center for Coastal Wetlands Studies 39 Construction Phasing 8 Lakefront Property Management Unit Map. 41 9 Generalized Soils Capability Map 50 10 Current Zoning Map 51 11 Master Plan 72 FOREWORD This document is intended to serve three purposes. First and foremost, it is a comprehensive management plan for the sanctuary staff and agency administrators. It provides direction and guidance for the operation of the sanctuary. It is not a static document, but will be amended through deliberate and careful evaluation of proposed changes by the staff of the Division of Natural Areas and Preserves. This document also fulfills contractual obligations between the Division of Natural Areas and Preserves of the Ohio Department of Natural Resources and the Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management, National Ocean Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of the United States Department of Commerce. Grant number NA-80-AA-D-CZ122 from NOAA to the Department of Natural Resources requires that a management plan, research plan, education plan, and recreation plan all be submitted by April 1, 1981. This document, referred to as the management plan by the Division of Natural Areas and Preserves, includes the research,. education, and recreational aspects of the overall sanctuary management program. Management actions completed prior to this 2nd Revision are referenced in the original document on file at the Sanctuary headquarters. The third use of this document is for public review purposes. It will be used by the Old Woman Creek Sanctuary Advisory Council in its review of the sanctuary operations. It will also be of interest to a variety of individuals and organizations concerned about sanctuary management. Sihce the Old Woman Creek is the first National Estuarine Sanctuary to have a final management plan developed, this document should be useful to the managers and administrators of other such sanctuaries in the development of their management plans. -2- EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Although much of Ohio's Lake Erie Shoreline is highly developed, many areas with significant natural attributes remain. One of these is a relatively undisturbed representative of the freshwater estuaries found around the Great Lakes. It is located on-the south central shore of Lake Erie at the mouth of Old Woman Creek, approximately two miles east of Huron, Ohio, in Erie County (Figure 1). Early in 1975, the Ohio Department of Natural Resources (ODNR) applied to the Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management (OCRM), (formerly the Office of Coastal Zone Management), NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce for an estuarine sanctuary acquisition financial assistance award. Under Section 315 of the Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972 (Public Law 92-583) as amended, the Secretary of Commerce is authorized to make financial assistance awards to coastal states for up to 50% oi the cost of acquisition of wetlands and uplands surrounding the estuary and for the development of associated research and educational programs. Sanctuaries are to be representative of the nation's various ecosystem types. In 1977 a Final Environmental Impact Statement was completed and OCRM approved the grant application. Dedication of Old Woman Creek as a national estuarine sanctuary and state nature preserve occurred on September 5, 1980 at a ceremony held in Huron, Ohio. Land acquisition was completed on March 31, 1981. The establishment of the National Estuarine Sanctuary Program was a direct result of studies undertaken during the 1960s when the value of salt- water estuaries was beginning to be appreciated by scientists and government -3- LAKE ERIE ro 11,01) ?0 1ermifflo, Old Woman Creek Notion I Estuarine Sanctus,% a] office & Visitors Center ogdwoman sk Estuary I,?. rr.. Old Woman Creek CANADA U.S.A. LAKE ERIE 40 Sandusky Huron.' 4r LOCATION MAP FIGURE I officials. Some scientists recognized that many areas of the land-water interface in the Great Lakes functioned in a similar manner. 1 In these areas where creeks and rivers drain into the lakes and where lake levels affect stream levels, physical mixing occurs upstream and gradients of chemicals and ions are observed. The purpose of the Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Sanctuary is to ensure the long-term protection of a freshwater estuary. ODNR and OCRM have identified four objectives to guide development of the sanctuary management policies: 1. Provide an educational focus to increase public understanding of the Great Lakes coastal resources. 2. Analyze ecological relationships within a freshwater estuarine environment. 3. Document existing environmental conditions within the sanctuary and monitor changes as they occur. 4. Compare a relatively unmanipulated system to similar areas which have been extensively affected by human activities. To ensure the protection of the Old Woman Creek estuary, the sanctuary is managed by ODNR's Division of Natural Areas and Preserves. In 1970, the Ohio legislature enacted the Natural Areas Act which authorizes ODNR to acquire and accept dedication of public and privately owned lands as nature preserves. It gives the Department authority to manage and protect such lands for educational and scientific use and visitation. Brant, R.S. and C.E. Herdendorf. 1972. Delineation of Great Lakes Estuaries, Proc. 15th Conf. Great Lakes Res., International Association of Great Lakes Resources, pp. 710-718. -5- INTRODUCTION Planning, acquisition and protection of the Old Woman Creek Estuary as a National Estuarine Sanctuary and State Nature Preserve has been a seven year effort by a multitude of individuals, organizations and agencies at local, state, and national levels. Funding and direction for these efforts were made possible by the Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972 (P.L. 92-583) and its 1976 amendments (P.L. 94-370). The Coastal Zone Management Improvement Act of 1980 (P.L. 96-464) provided additional changes to the federal program. Section 315 of the Coastal Zone Management Act (CZMA) created a national estuarine sanctuary program for "...acquiring, developing, or operating estuarine sanctuaries, to serve as natural field laboratories in which to study and gather data on the natural and human processes occurring within the estuaries of the coastal zone...". In order to ensure the sanctuary program adquately represents regional and ecological differences, the guidelines for the estuarine sanctuary program establish a biogeographic classification scheme which reflects geographic, hydrographic, and biological characteristics. This syst Iem 'presently recognizes eleven biogeographic categories that are defined in the guidelines; subcategories of this basic system will be utilized as appropriate to distinguish major sub-classes of the system. At the state level, the Coastal Zone Management Unit of the Ohio Department of Natural Resources was instrumental in initiating the process -7- of nominating Old Woman Creek as a National Estuarine Sanctuary in 1974. Between 1974 and 1977, there were numerous changes to the sanctuary proposal. The Division of Natural Areas and Preserves is operating the sanctuary as a national estuarine sanctuary and a dedicated state nature preserve. At the local and regional levelsi numerous' individuals and organizations have contributed their time, energy, and expertise to the development and implementation of the sanctuary proposal. In January 1975, the sanctuary grant application was formally sub- mitted to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) by the Ohio-Department of Natural Resources. During 1975, public meetings and hearings were held and the application was substantially revised. In April. 1977, the final environmental impact statement was released by the U.S. Council of Environmental Quality. This document reflected changes in the project brought about by 'new federal policies on estuarine sanctuaries, by public comment on the draft environmental impact statement, and by revised sanctuary boundaries. On July 18, 1977, the Office of Coastal Zone Management in NOAA approved the sanctuary grant application at a ceremony in Huron, Ohio. Dedication of Old Woman Creek as a national estuarine sanctuary and state nature preserve occurred on September 5, 1980. Land acquisition for the sanctuary, which now totals 562 acres, was completed on March 3, 1981 (see Table 1). Old Woman Creek is the smallest of the national estuarine sanctuaries, and is presently the only such sanctuary on the Great Lakes. The very concept of an area as a freshwater estuary is relatively new. An estuarine -8- LAND ACQUISITION SCHEDULE Date Acquired Tract Acreage Cost 11/30/77 Murray 10.652 145,000.00 10/5/78 Hoffman 13.420 23,100.00 11/20/78 Kaiser 11.243 23,050-00 11/20/78 Willgrube 37.751 77,390.00 l/l/78 Williams 137.230 273,100.00 1/31/79 Stocker 18.790 9,200.00 1/31/79 Jenkins 50.206 45,000.00 3/6/79 Anderson Acres 191.009 310,360.00 8/3/78 Phillips 17.384 15,340.00 9/9/79 Long 4.949 6,500.00 12/5/79 Oberlin Beach Association 38.351 76,700.00 3/6/80 Schuh 17.684 97,000.00 1/26/81 Hartley 12.940 14,250.00 1/26/81 Hartley (Conservation easement) 2.910 25,749.00 2/10/81 Fix 0.104 1,750.00 Totals: 564.623 $ 1,143,489.00 Relocation Assistance Schuh 15,500.00 Hart Advertising Co. 2,500.00 Ohio Outdoor Advertising Co. 16,400.00 Total: $ 34,400.00 Other Costs Appraisal Fees 17,275.00 Title Fees 1,503.00 Relocation Services 12,948.00 Survey Costs 13,357.31 Total: $ 45,263.31 TOTAL ALL COSTS, $ 1,223,152.31 @ftk sanctuary is defined in Section 304 of the CZMA as "...a research area which may include any part or all of an estuary and any island, transitional area, and upland in, adjoining, or adjacent to such estuary, and which constitutes to the extent feasible a natural unit, set aside to provide scientists and students the opportunity to examine over a period of time the ecological relationshipswithin the area". The basic goal is to preserve as much of the Old Woman Creek Estuary and its watershed as possible so that information can be gained which will aid in future management decisions concerning the coastal zone, and natural learning centers will be provided for students, researchers and members of the general public. Secondary benefits include: the preservation of habitats for estuarine-dependent flora and fauna, including endangered species; and low intensity recreation, as long as that activity does not detract from the major purposes outlined above.(MacFarland, 1979). In order to accomplish these potentially conflicting goals, a management program must be designed to maintain and protect the natural functions and values of the sanctuary for long-term scientific and educational uses. This management plan is intended to give direction and.guidance to the management of the sanctuary by the Division of Natural Areas and Preserves.'., _10- GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF RESOURCES AND USES -11- A. History of Old Woman Creek Archaeological evidence suggests that following the last phase of Wisconsinan glaciation, early Indians entered north-central Ohio and lived in the Old Woman Creek region. These people, called Paleoindians, were probably nomadic hunters exploiting the last great herds of now extinct Pleistocene animals. Successive time periods found various Prehistoric Indian cultures undergoing a constant change in social and survival strategies. information concerning these early peoples and later Indians is somewhat lacking prior to European chroniclers circa 1600 A.D. The southern shores of Lake Erie were the domain of the Erie Indians early in the seventeenth century. An incident in which the Erie Indians captured a great Iroquois leader led to a war of revenge between the two nations. The Iroquois defeated their enemy and,by 1656 the entire Erie nation was destroyed. Huron Indians migrated into the western Lake Erie region in the late 1600's and became the dominant tribe for a time. The Hurons remained here until circa 1700 when the New York Iroquois once again invaded.Ohio and defeated them. It was at this time that the surviving Hurons journeyed to the Sandusky Bay region and became known as the Wyandotte, a word derived from their language meaning "in the islands". Remnants of the Wyandotte tribe were probably living in the vicinity when the first settlers arrived at Old Woman Creek. In 1795, the Greenville Treaty was signed between the United States and the Ohio Indian tribes, including the Wyandotte. This act began an era that would see the@lndians lose all their Ohio lands to the early American govern- ment. In 1805, Almon Ruggles came to the Old Woman Creek area to survey the land for the state of Connecticut. This territory was originally part of lands claimed by England as a result of the French and Indian War. The King of England routinely granted charters to various persons for these lands. Under one of these charters, Connecticut laid claim to the territory that included all of present-day Erie County, which includes the Old Woman Creek watershed. Following the American Revolution, colonies were requested to cede their holdings of western land to the newly formed government. Connecticut agreed to turn over their colonial holdings except for one western tract reserved for the state. During the American Revolution many residents of Connecticut had lost their property. In return for damages suffered (mainly by fire), the state agreed to give land to these citizens in lieu of monetary payment. In 1792 the westernmost 500,000 acres of the "Connecticut Western Reserve" was set aside to be divided among 1870 claimants. Mr. Ruggles' survey determined the boundaries of "The Firelands" to be those of present-day Erie County. Most of the original sufferers never came to Ohio because they had sold their claims to land speculators who in turn sold them to the first settlers who arrived in 1808-1809. Early Firelands pioneers found the land surrounding Old Woman Creek covered by dense forests of oak, chestnut, hickory, ash, walnut, sycamore, and whitewood (Tuliptree).. The generally rich, sandy soils in Berlin and Huron Townships were found to be well suited for agriculture, and the climate, moderate by the proximity to Lake Erie, appeared favorable for fruit farming. Fruit trees were first brought to the Old Woman Creek area from Canada in 1812, and became an important crop in the years to follow. -13- In 1810, J. K. Thompson constructed the first grist mill on Old Woman Creek near the Village of Berlin Heights. The erection of this mill estab- lished Old Woman Creek as a commercial waterway. During the 18th century, historical records indicate that six saw mills, five sandstone quarries, two additional grist mills and at least one salt well were situated within the Old Woman Creek watershed. Small fruits such as strawberries, raspberries, and grapes were also commercially imported to this region throughout the next hundred years. Hardwood timber, particularly white oak, was sought by the ship building industry in nearby Huron. This community was the largest ship building site in Ohio in the middle 1800's. By 1879, most of the land surrounding Old Woman Creek had been cleared, harvestable timber removed, and ditches opened to drain agricultural lands. These factors contributed to annual flooding of the creek, rendering its flood plain worthless to farmers. The last commercial ventures on Old Woman Creek began about 1880 on Star Island in the middle of the creek. At this time, the island was accessible from the mainland in dry weather via a road through the cat-tail marsh. Charles Hardy bought the 10-acre island from James Anderson and during the winters of the next five years, proceeded to remove the virgin hardwood timber. Then, in 1899, Martin Daniels purchased the island, built a house and barn, and raised his family there. The island was cultivated in strawberries, raspberries, and red currants. The Daniels' family business venture met quick success and their operation was soon expanded to include grapes and tree fruits. Their fruits were transported by boat to the mouth of Old Woman Creek where they were transferred to the Lake Shore Electric train for shipment to the Cleveland market. At about this time, summer cottages were constructed along the lake near the creek mouth and the stream became a popular recreation area. The Daniels' once again expanded their business to include a retail outlet on the island where tourists could buy grapes, berries, and honey. With the approach of the "'Great Depression" years, fruit prices dropped and the family was forced out of business and left their island farm. The island has remained uninhabited for the past 50 years. The immediate vicinity surrounding Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Sanctuary has remained relatively undisturbed since the island occupation in 1920 for several reasons. Perhaps the most important factor has been the attitude of landowners controlling the critically located properties near the creek mouth. Three groups of people have resisted the pressures from developers who would have altered the natural character of Old Woman Creek in pursuit of recreational activities and urban expansion. The Anderson family has owned the land along the estuaryls western bank from 1839 until the Ohio Department of Natural Resources purchased a portion of it for the sanctuary. The upland portion of this property has been farmed throughout their ownership. The family was also interested in conservation, and in the late 1940's planted large numbers of pine trees as part of a nationwide reforestation program. In years to come, fires originating on the nearby railroad right-of-way destroyed most of the trees. There are still remnants of the pine plantation visible along the perimeter of the estuary. -14- The northernmost property on the west bank of Old Woman Creek Estuary is the Hartley homestead. This property has been in the family since the middle 1800's. Fruit and vegetable farming was the primary family vocation for two generations, and today a third generation Hartley resides on the shores of the estuary. Hartley's strong feeling of tradition has been his incentive for maintainingthe land as it is. The third property owner instrumental in keeping Old Woman Creek in a relatively undisturbed condition was Oberlin College Beach Association. About 1813, Oberlin College trustees purchased several acres along the eastern banks of the creek. Cottages were built on the lakeshore portion of their property, but the southern portion along the estuary was preserved in its natural condition and has been managed as a private nature preserve throughout their ownership. The concern for the area's natural features by these landowners was a key in attracting ODNR to Old Woman Creek. It was through the efforts of local civic organizations, environmental groups, and interested citizens that Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Sanctuary became a reality. B. Regional Perspective The Great Lakes and contiguous coastal areas have historically provided economic, ecological, recreational and aesthetic benefits to the nation. Located near the heartland of the nation, these lakes form almost 1,000 miles of international boundary between the United States and Canada. The total shoreline is approximately 10,000 miles and the Great Lakes contain 20 percent of the world's fresh surface water. The Great Lakes are characterized by a variety of coastal features, including: bedrock cliffs, clay bluffs, sand beaches, marsh wetlands, and stream mouths. Tributaries enter the Great Lakes in three ways: (1) as free-flowing, single-channel streams at their mouths, (2) through deltaic distributary systems, or (3) at estuaries formed in the downed mouths of the streams. To some degree estuaries are present on all of the Great Lakes but they are best developed in Lake Erie where crustal movements have extended them as far as 10 miles upstream from the lake at the lower reaches of major rivers. The Great Lakes owe their origin to physiographic changes induced by Pleistocene glaciation. As the ice sheets paused in advances or retreats, ridges or moraines of glacial till were built up at their margins damming the natural drainage and forming glacial lakes. Lake Erie is the remnant of such a lake, which at its highest stage extended as far south as Fort Wayne, Indiana, with its outlet to the southwest via the Wabash River. In the selection of an area for nomination to estuarine sanctuary status it was important to consider how well that area represented all the natural freshwater estuaries on the Great Lakes. Because Lake Erie possesses all of the major shoreline types found in the Great Lakes and is.characterized bythe.preponderance of estuary-type stream mouths, major attentioIn in -15- searching for a representative estuarine sanctuary site was focused on this lake. Most tributaries flowing into Lake Erie have been greatly altered by manis activities. Major ports, pleasure craft marinas, industrial complexes, residential developments and recreational facilities have been attracted to these sensitive areas. Since the beginning of industrial development along the Ohio shoreline, estuaries have been consumed in man's continuous progress toward increased economic growth. Today, the shoreline is characterized by industrial, residential, and commercial development.- Only a few remnants of the once extensive estuarine areas remain, and of these Old Woman Creek is the best. The Old Woman Creek estuary belongs to biogeographic category 21 for the Great Lakes of North America. Located on the south shore of central lake Erie, it possesses a variety of characteristics that make it well suited as a natural field laboratory site. In the immediate area are: a barrier beach, a glacial till and lacustrine-sediment bluff, a drowned stream-mouth estuary, marsh wetlands, an upland hardwood forest, an island within the estuary, and old fields in various stages of natural succession. Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Sanctuary is located in Erie County, two miles east of Huron, Ohio, on Ohio Route 2 and United States Route 6. The sanctuary is situated in the heart of the northern Ohio urban-industrial region. Within the immediate vicinity of the sanctuary, residential and agricultural land use is prominent. Within a 50-mile radius of the sanctuary are the cities of Fremont, Sandusky, Tiffin, Bucyrus, Mansfield, Norwalk, Ashland, Wooster, Medina, Lorain, Elyria and Cleveland. An excellent transportation network connects the sanctuary with these population centers. Within Erie and adjacent counties, outdoor recreation opportunities abound. State parks in the area include Findley State Park in Lorain County; Catawba Island, Crane Creek, East Harbor, and South Bass Island State Parks in Ottawa County; and Kelley's Island State Park in Erie County. Numerous public hunting and fishing opportunities are provided in the surrounding counties. Sheldon'sMarsh and DuPont Marsh state nature preserves are also located in Erie County. The economy of the Old Woman Creek watershed is predominately agricultural. The fertile silt and sand loam soils of the area, complemented by the prolonged growing season due to the "lake effect" are currently producing high yields of corn, soybeans, wheat, and truck produce. The economy of the area, however, is entering a transitional stage, as the agricultural lands are being threatened by encroachment from the outward growth of the city of Huron. _16- C. -Climate Climatological data specific to the Old Woman Creek estuary does not exist. However, the climate may be inferred from data recorded at the United States Department of Commerce, Environmental Services Administration weather station in the city of Sandusky. Old Woman Creek enters Lake Erie in north central.Ohio. The climate of this region is marked by large fluctuations in temperature and precipitation. Because of the proximity to the lake, winds from the north tend to lower daily high temperatures in the summer, while raising the daily low temperatures in the winter. The growing season at Old Woman Creek averages 198 days, the average of the period between the last freezing temperature of spring and the first freezing temperature of autumn. The warming or tempering effect of the lake is evident when one considers the growing season at the Erie-Huron County line, seven miles south of the lake. At that point, the growing season averages only 165 days. Summers in the area are moderately warm and humid with approximately 16 days when temperatures exceed 89 degrees. Winters are generally cold and cloudy. However, the tempering effect of the lake allows for only three of five winters in which subzero temperatures occur. This area experiences weather changes every few days because of passing fronts and their associated centers of high and low pressure. As is common for continental climates, precipitation is highly variable on a yearly basis. However, precipitation is generally abundant and well distributed, with autumn being the driest season. Average annual precipita- tion for the area is approximately 89 centimeters (35 inches). Annual prevailing winds are southwesterly and average 7 knots in the summer and 10 knots in the winter. The area has a history of severe storms which have caused extensive damage to shoreline. D. Geology e upper course of Old Woman Creek at Berlin Heights cuts through the' Berea ndstone escarpment forming a narrow, steep-walled valley ranging froll%60 to 80 feet deep. The lower course of Old Woman Creek occupies a depres on in glacial till that fills a preglacial valley in the shale bed- rock. A water well on the property adjacent to Old Woman Creek in Oberlin penetrates the entire valley fill. The surface elevation at the well is 592 feet; bedrock (Huron Shale) is encountered at 445 feet, indicating that there are 147 feet of glacial till and lacustrine deposits. Exposures on the lake bluff near the sanctuary show that lake deposits constitute only the upper 20 feet of the sediment. At two elevations in the till, 5-foot thick lenses of sand are encountered, but they yield only small amounts of water. This valley has been traced southwestward, where wells drilled east of Shinrock have penetrated 126 feet of glacial drift without reaching bedrock. These wells generally stop in sand and gravel lenses that are good producers of groundwater. The buried valley has not been traced beyond the western limit of Berlin Township, but from its lineation it appears that it may have been the preglacial course of the northward- flowing Huron River. 0 e A IDe -17- Most of the glacial deposits in the area between Huron and Vermilion are late Cary (Hiram) in age, and consist principally of ground moraines. These deposits occupy the basal portion of the exposed lake bluffs between Vermilion and 01 'd Woman Creek, and show signs of reworking by wave action at their upper surface where they are covered by varved lake deposits. At Oberlin Beach, just east of the creek mouth, there are excellent exposures of interlaminations of silt and clay. The silt laminae appears as light bands and the clay as thinner dark zones, indicating cyclic sedimentation in a glacial lake that was considerably larger than present-day Lake Erie. At the mouth of Old Woman Creek, the barrier beach is composed of medium to course-grained sand. Quartz dominates, but patches of red garnet and black magnetite are common. A gravel and pebble zone occurs at the waterline. The beach sand has a maximum thickness of 24 feet and overlies glacial till that is exposed at the waterline east of the barrier beach. E. Soils The dominant soil association found in the sanctuary is the Kibbie- Tuscola-Colwood association. This association is characterized by deep, level to gently sloping, moderately well-drained to very.poor drained soils. The subsoil is comprised of silt loam to silt clay loam which formed under the glacial lake. The southeastern portion of the sanctuary is marked by the Del Rey-Lenawee association. The characteristics of this association are essentially,the same as the above association except that the Del Rey- Lenawee association has poorer drainage characteristics. The major soil type found in the inundated.portion of the Kibbie-Tuscola- Colwood association is the marsh soil. This soil is characterized by a high percentage of organic matter throughout a large portion of the profile. The inundated portions of the Del Rey-Lenawee association are composed of the Lenawee silt loam, which is made up of dark soil in the upper profile progressing to higher percentages of sand as the depth increases. The lands surrounding the estuary are primarily composed of the Sission silt loam soil. This soil type is on slopes varying from 2 to 25 percent. It is a well-drained soil formed by water-laid silt and sand covered by hardwood forest throughout the area. F. Hydrology Old Woman Creek is 829 feet above sea level at its source. The creek meanders 10 miles and falls 257 feet to an elevation of 573 feet at its mouth. This difference yields an average gradient of 25.6 feet per mile. The stream drains an area of 30.37 square miles in Erie and Huron counties. The mouth of Old Woman Creek is submerged, while the upstream portions are degrading. The stream is generally turbid throughout most of the year. Because of high water levels in Lake Erie in recent years, the former marshlands occupying,the lower flood plain are inundated. This condition has resulted in a flooded area of approximately 75 acres, affecting water _18- levels in the stream as far as 1.3 miles from the mouth. Lake Erie, historic- ally, has exhibited major periods of high and low water levels, which cause related effects to the lower flood plain of Old Woman Creek. Upon a lower- ing of water level in Lake Erie, the inundated flood plain of Old Woman Creek can be expected to develop into an extensive emergent marsh. Figure 2 illustrates the historic fluctuations of Lake Erie water levels. The low-lying flood plain at the mouth of Old Woman Creek, defined by its steep banks is referred to as a freshwater estuary. The use of the term estuary in a totally freshwater environment may seem inappropriate. However, upon examining the physical parameters defining an estuary, it becomes apparent that each is applicable to the freshwater lake-stream environment with the exception of saline mixing. Coastal estuaries exist owing to the force of the rising tide reversing river currents, while the vertical oscillation or seiche of the freshwater lake is responsible for the reversing of stream currents in the freshwater estuary. Lake Erie is the thirteenth largest freshwater lake in the world and one of the shallowest. Because of its shallow average depth, Lake Erie exhibits changes in water level that seldom occur in other lakes of North America. In observing these verticle oscillations for the first time, one might note the similarity between lake seiches and the tides of the Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf of Mexico. In spite of the similarity, changes in the water level of Lake Erie result from different causes. Several explanations for these frequent verticle oscillations have been proposed. Krecker2 explains, IfThe3ossible causes of the seiche movement have been discussed by Forel . He was of the opinion that the oscillations are set up by an area of exalted atmospheric pressure bearing down upon a particular region of a lake and pushing the water out to regions of low pressure. When exalted pressure passes, the water surges back, and, in the process of gaining equilibrium, exhibits oscillatory movement of a seiche." This explanation may be true in part for Lake Erie seiches, however, Krecker further explains, "Forel's view undoubtedly explains some seiches, perhaps all seiches that occur on lakes protected from winds, but there is evidence (Krecker '29) that in wind-swept lakes, winds are an important agency in developing the seiche movement." 2 Krecker, F.H. 1931. Vertical oscillations of Seiches as a Factor in the Aquatic Environment. Ecology 12: 156-163. 3 Forel, F.A. 1895. LeLeman: monographie limnologique. Tome 2, Mecanique, Chimie, Thermique, Optique, Acoustique. Lausanne, F.R., 651 pp. _19- HISTORIC FLUCTUATIONS OF LAKE ERIE WATER LEVELS 1860 1880 1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000 4 3 2 1 0 V -1 -2 -3 -4 Levels shown in feet above or below the low water datum plane for Lake Erie (568.6 ft) FIGURE 2 Certainly this latter alternative explains many of the extreme changes in the water level of Lake Erie. An example of this phenomenon occurred on January 14, 1950 when 35 to 40 knot southwesterly winds in a 20 hour period, caused a drop in the water level at Put-in-Bay of over 1.5 yards. A similar situation occurred on October2l, 1976 when strong southwesterly winds resulted in a dramatic lowering of water levels in Lake Erie's western basin. The drop in water level of western Lake Erie caused a related drop in the water level of the Old Woman Creek Estuary, which left a large portion of the previously inundated flood plain exposed. The subsequent back-surge of water resulted in an increase in the water level of the lake and estuary greater than levels previous to the onset of the winds. Lake seiche is an important factor in short period oscillations of the Lake and estuary water levels. The effect of wind blown seiche on the Old Woman Creek Estuary is readily observable, yet this type of seiche occurs less frequently than the seiche produced by barometric differences. As weather fronts pass through the area every few days with their associated areas of high and low pressure, a consistent seiche is maintained. While many calculations have been made on the predominant seiche period, it is generally agreed that this period of oscillation is approximately of 14 hours duration. As Old Woman Creek Estuary lies on the south shore of the central lake basin, these short period oscillations are less pronounced than in areas lying in the southwestern or eastern basins. This situation is exemplified by a report of an average seiche height of 6 inches at Sandusky, Ohio, while at Fairport, Ohio, 78 miles east of Sandusky, the average seiche height is only 1 to 2 inches. In contrast to the short period oscillations are long period oscillations related to volumetric changes of Lake Erie owing principally to precipitation, evaporation and runoff over the entire Great Lakes drainage area. These long period oscillations are extremely important in the establishment, loss and maintenance of the aquatic vegetation of the Old Woman Creek Estuary. Currently Lake Erie is exhibiting a prolonged high water level period, causing the inundation of the entire flood plain of the estuary. This in- undation results in a reduction in the available marsh habitat and has left only a few remnant embayment marshes. These small sites provide a limited area for the persistence of the marsh vegetation, which during periods of low water levels thrived on the e%tensive flood plain. As no complete records exist on the composition of the flora during low water periods, it is impossible to state accurately the extent to which species composition inthe estuary has been affected. G. Flora The diversity of habitats present within the sanctuary contributes to a wide variety of plant communities, each comprised of a distinctive flora. The following information is provided as a brief characterization of the major plant communities present. Aquatic and wetland habitats include open water areas, mud flats, rem- nant embayment marshes, shoreline and forested flood plain. Owing to current -21- high lake levels, open water areas predominate in the northern portion of the sanctuary. Within this habitat, vegetation is sparse, consisting largely of American lotus, white waterlily, spatterdock and arrow arum. Plants characteristic of mudflats include cattail, marsh mallow, burreed, and water smartweed. As available marsh habitat is severely restricted by current high water levels, species characteristic of this habitat now thrive in isolated remnant embayment marshes. Physical differences in these marshes are reflected in their floral composition. Wetland species occurring in shoreline areas include buttonbush, dogwood, blue flag, river bulrush, cattail, and arrowhead. Forested flood plain predominates in the southern portion of the sanctuary. Here, swamp forest species comprise the major component of the vegetation, with a minor component of marsh species, as associates. Terrestrial habit ats within the sanctuary are represented largely by former agricultural fields in various stages of succession. on the steep banks surrounding the estuary and on Star Island, Oak-Hickory forest pre- dominates. Additional terrestrial habitat is provided by the dry portion of the barrier beach, and the prairie area. Old field plant communities are composed predominately of successional species such as ragweed, asters, goldenrod, sumac, wild carrot, and various grasses. Upland forest areas are dominated by white oak and shagbark hickory, with sassafras as a major associate. Herbaceous associates of the forest communities include large-flowered trillium, mayapple, violets, troutlilies, and other woodland spring species. Few species thrive on the barrier beach, owing to its xeric nature. Among species characteristic of this habitat are Russian thistle, cocklebur, witchgrass, crabgrass, and velvetleaf. Plants characteristic of the prairie area include big bluestem, Indian grass, whorled rosinweed, butterfly-weed, ladies'-tresses and bush clover. A compendium of plant species currently known to occur in the sanctuary is presented in Appendix A. H. Fauna While a comprehensive survey of the animal populations occurring within the sanctuary has riot been performed to date, various observations and test nettings offer a characterization of the fauna of the area. Mammals observed at the sanctuary include house mouse, deer mouse, short-tail shrew, eastern chipmunk, little brown bat, fox squirrel, cotton- tail rabbit, eastern woodchuck, raccoon, opossum, muskrat, and whitetail deer. Undoubtedly, future study will reveal the presence of additional mammalian species. Old Woman Creek lies within a major route for avian migrations. As such, sanctuary personnel have recorded an impressive list of birds. A total of 197 species have been sighted in the sanctuary. -22- While little is currently known of the populations of reptiles and amphibians occurring in the sanctuary, a brief survey conducted during July 1980 revealed the presence of twelve species including slimy salamander, American toad, Fowler's toad, American bullfrog,.snapping turtle, midland painted turtle, Blanding's turtle, map turtle, fox snake, northern water snake, Dekay's snake, and the eastern garter snake (including the melanistic form). ,In past years, several test nettings for fish species have been con- ducted in the sanctuary. During the 1950's, test nettings indicated significant numbers of adult northern pike, largemouth bass, brown and black bullhead, longnose gar, goldfish, carp, common shimer, black and white crappie, bluegill and sunfish. Stream surveys conducted in the southern portion of the estuary near Darrow Road from 1967 to 1970 indicated good populations of largemouth bass, bluegill, green sunfish, common shiner, johnny darter, white sucker, creek chub, flathead minnow, stone roller, and bluntnose minnow. Commencing in 1982, fish samples were collected at 5 permanent stations on a regular basis by Old Woman Creek Sanctuary staff. Nearly 40 species have been identified to date. A compendium of animal species, including insects and other invertebrates, known to occur in the sanctuary is presented in Appendix A. -23- MANAGEMENT STRATEGY -25- MANAGEMENT STRATEGY I. Administration The Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Sanctuary is administered by ODNR - Division of Natural Areas and Preserves (Figure 3). The State Nature Preserve System was established when the Ohio Natural Areas Act became law on August 31, 1970. This act authorized the Department of Natural Resources to protect and manage for present and future generations a statewide system of nature preserves which are representative examples of the significant natural features of the state. Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Sanctuary and State Nature Preserve is one of sixty-one (61) areas that are managed by the Division throughout the State of Ohio. The Division Chief has employed a sanctuary staff to facilitate the operations, development and protection of Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Sanctuary. The following full@time and part-time positions are currently assigned to the sanctuary (see Appendix B for complete job descriptions): A. Sanctuary Staff Sanctuary Manager - The manager's role is multi-functional in scope. He isresponsible for the overall administration of the sanctuary operations. The managerls responsibilities include: public relations, environmental education, ecological,research, maintenance and construction, and law enforcement. Sanctuary Ecologist (Biologist) - The ecologist is primarily responsible for the baseline monitoring program, but also coordinates research projects by visiting researchers, analyzes research data, and provides technical assistance to various governmental, public and private organizations. Conservation Aide - The conservation aide's responsibilities include day-to-day maintenance.of the sanctuary grounds, facilities and equipment. This person also assists the sanctuary manager with routine visitor contact and law enforcement work. When needed, the aide assists sanctuary staff with habitat management and estuarine biota surveys. Laboratory Technician - This person assists the sanctuary ecologist with surveying and monitoring estuary biota, collects samples in field and conducts water chemistry analysis in lab, maintains data records, assists with special workshops, and with operation of the visitor center. This position is currently funded by a one-year contract and will expire in June 1983. Naturalist/Education Specialist - This person assists the sanctuary manager with interpretive and educational programming including conducting public tours, school and college group tours, public work- shops, and other special activities at the sanctuary. This person also is involved in development of educational materials, programs, and activities and is responsible for the sanctuary library and coord- ,ination of.volunteers of the sanctuary. This position is presently -27- OHIO DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES DIVISION OF NATURAL AREAS AND PRESERVES ODNR DIRECTOR DIVISION NATURAL AREAS CHIEF COUNCIL ASSISTANT CHIEF FIELD NATURAL 00 SCENIC RIVERS ISTAFF OPERATIONS OPERATIONS IERITAGE Owc OWC ADVISORY SANCTUARY COUNCIL I MWGER RANGER CONSE SANCTUARY NATURALIST & R. AIDE ECOLOGIST OL. COORDINATOR SPECIAL PROJECTI COLLEGE LABORATORY VOLUNTEERS WORK CREWS RES-FARCH (Seasonal) I INTERNS TECHNICIAN FIGURE 3 OWC CTUARY N 5GER being filled by an intermittent conservation worker who is paid from Divisional funds approximately half of each calendar year. The educational specialist has volunteered her time for the balance of year for each of the past two years. B. Future Staff Needs In order to accomplish the short-term goals and objectives of the Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Sanctuary, it will be necessary to retain, at an absolute minimum, the present 1983 staffing level. Of course it is speculative to anticipate our long-tern needs, but after four years of operation, trends are becoming apparent. In response to these trends the following plan is offered to fulfill our probable needs. Permanent Staff - Sanctuary manager, sanctuary biologist, preserve officer, laboratory technician, education specialist/naturalist, and conservation worker. The preserve officer is an addition to present sanctuary staff. This person will be required to complete Ohio's Peace Officer Training Course and hold a State of Ohio Commission. The much greater attendance that is being experienced since the visitor center opened has caused an alarming increase in visitor violations. The job description for the preserve officer will include daily enforcement and patrol, weekend and evening security for the center and its equipment inventory, visitor contact and interaction, inter- pretive programming, and light maintenance. Seasonal Staff - Routine building and facility maintenance requires a significant time allotment from our permanent staff throughout the year. However, during the summer, such seasonal chores as mowing, pa,inting, fence construction, rennovation of support facilities, and trail maintenance, place an extra burden that can be most easily .met by securing a temporary work force. During the 1980-82 summer seasons, in addition to our permanent staff, a conservation crew of 3-6 persons have been utilized at the sanctuary to perform-many routine maintenance tasks and special projects. These crews were provided at no cost to the sanctuary by the Community Action Commission's summer youth employment program. The crew reported to one of the sanctuary staff, who outlined work to be completed. If such "public works" programs cease, the sanctuary staff will have to take over these tasks. Such tasks will be impossible to achieve if this happens. Sanctuary priorities will have to be re- evaluated with regard to future goals and objectives of the sanctuary's research, public education, and maintenance programs. It remains the responsibility of the sanctuary manager to continually seek out innovative sources of labor, and to implement the necessary adjustments. Some possible sources of labor include use of volunteers, conservation groups, and college interns. Volunteers would be utilized -29- to carry out the programs and activities of the sanctuary where feasible should state or federal funds be reduced due to budget cuts or poor economic conditions. C. Volunteer Program The ODNR Division of Natural Areas and Preserves has utilized volunteers in its program for several years. Using their "Community Volunteer Program" as a model, we will design and implement a "V,olunteers; in the Estuary Program" to assist in the daily operation of the visitor center, maintenance of hiking trails and facilities, and other projects as the need arises. Our plan is summarized as follows: 1. A volunteer program will be implemented in March 1983. The sanctuary manager will be responsible for training and evaluation of volunteers. 2. A volunteer coordinator will be appointed by the sanctuary manager. The coordinator will be responsible for planning and scheduling of volunteers for daily visitor center duty. The coordinator will also work with the sanctuary manager to organize a work force for special projects. Targer date: March 31, 1983. 3. Volunteer program materials will be developed in early 1983 for use in the training sessions, The packet will include a volunteer application form (Appendix C "), scope and limit- ations of volunteer responsibility, Old Woman Creek background data and a questionnaire concerning the volunteer's interests, skills, and availability. Target date for implementation: March 6, 1983. D. Sanctuary Advisory Council Creation of a Sanctuary Advisory Council (SAC) was identified in the final environmental impact statement for the sanctuary. This EIS stated that "The Division of Natural Areas and Preserves of ODNR will have the final decision in all matters relating to the management of the sanctuary. An advisory council, the Old Woman Creek Advisory Council, will be appointed by the director of ODNR to advise the Division of Natural Areas and Preserves in the preparation and implementation of specific plans concerning this sanctuary. The SAC will be composed of one member each from a local government agency, the Natural Areas Council, a local or statewide public interest group, one local member of an agricultural institution, two members from Ohio educational institutions, and one member from a Great Lakes research institution." The Old Woman Creek Advisory Council was officially created by the Director of ODNR on April 1, 1981 when the nine members of the council were appointed. To give the SAC a broader base and to obtain additional input from the local community, two additional council members were appointed beyond those recommended. One of the additional council members represents a local public interest group, and the other is a local landowner, bringing the total membership of the council to nine. -30- The SAC members are appointed to staggered three year terms, and may be reappointed to consecutive terms. No remuneration for service on the council is authorized. The council chooses a chair- person and vice-chairperson and may form and disband such committees as the majority may desire. The council has adopted bylaws for the conduct of its business. The council meets quarterly and a majority quorum is required to conduct its business. The council is to meet at the sanctuary with appropriate members of the Division of Natural Areas and Preserves staff at regular intervals. Meetings are scheduled to provide maximum opportunity to view seasonal variations at the sanctuary. The staff of the Division is to make available to the council the appropriate reports and data relating to preserve management, education and research plans for the period between each meeting. The council is to advise the Chief of the Division of Natural.Areas and Preserves in writing of any recommendatins resulting from each meeting. Special meetings may be called as necessary. Appendix D contains names and composition of the Sanctuary Advisory Council, including sub-cominittees of the council. E. Plan Review and Modification The resource management, education, and research plans shall be reviewed on an annual basis. The review shall be carried out by staff as, assigned by the Chief of the Division with the advice and recommend- ations of the Sanctuary Advisory Council and OCRM. Prior to completion of an annual report, the administrative staff shall meet with the council and sanctuary staff at the sanctuary and shall evaluate the condition of the area. The annual report shall include a review of management tasks achieved, problems encountered, recommendations, proposed alterations of the plans, and a commentary on scheduled management goals and tasks for the upcoming year. The annual report shall be submittedto the Chief of the Division and OCRM by February 1 for review. Uponacceptance by the Chief of the Division and OCRM, the reports shall be provided to interested parties upon request. F. Visitor-Research Center Facility The Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Sanctuary's base of operations is located at 2514 Cleveland Road, East near the eastern edge of the estuary. This multi-purpose building was completed in September 1982 and sanctuary staff completed the transition from temporary offices into the new center in October 1982. Public education and research play an important role in the estuarine sanctuary operations at Old Woman Creek. The sanctuary's main focus will serve both the needs of scientific research and provide an opportunity for increased public awareness of the importance of freshwater estuarine ecosystems. Scientific research at Old Woman Creek will identify the -31 environmental and biological parameters which affect freshwater estuaries, while education will stimulate public interest and awareness. A facility to house both research and education serves to unify these activities and provide a means of disseminating this information to the public (Figure 4). The facility functions on the following levels: 1. As a freshwater estuarine ecology research complex, the center provides facilities for the research coordinator to conduct ongoing monitoring of the estuary for baseline data collection. It also serves to attract guest investigators to conduct scientific research on the estuary. 2. As an environmental interpretive facility and visitor center, it orients visitors to the sanctuary and acquaints them with fresh- water estuarine ecology through various displays and interpretive exhibits. An observatiork deck and trail system are an integral part of this facility. 3. As an educational facility, workshops and programs pertaining to the sanctuary and other related topics are presented at the center by the staff and guest lecturers. II. Management Policies A. Management Goals & Objective Although public visitation and scientific research are encouraged at Old Woman Creek, protection of the entire freshwater estuarine ecosystem is the primary goal of the program. Specific objectives are to: ... provide an educational focus to increase public understanding of Great Lakes coastal resources; ...analyze ecological relationships within the freshwater estuarine environment; ... document existing conditions within the sanctuary and monitor changes as they occur; and ...compare a relatively unmanipulated ecosystem to similar areas which have been more extensively affected by human activity. Excessive use can destroy or alter the plant and animal communities within the estuary, therefore, activities are restricted to those which minimize environmental disturbance. Mass recreational activities such as camping, fishing, hunting, swimming, or organized sports are not permitted in any portion of the sanctuary. However, some low intensity recreation is compatible with sanctuary goals. Provisions have been made for these activities, as long as the activity does not detract from the major purposes -32- Vest Display M*n Women Off ice Aquarium Classroom Of f ice Lab Storage Utility Lab Lab Storage Wet Lab L 1=3 FLOOR PLAN OHIO CENTER FOR COASTAL WETLANDS STUDIES FIGURE 4 outlined above. Photography, art, walking, bird watching, and canoeing are examples of recreation permitted in areas of the sanctuary where appropriate facilities have been developed. ,Unsupervised public access is permitted on designated walkways, observation decks, and beach access. Visitors desiring to gain access to other portions of the sanctuary must obtain written permission from the sanctuary manager. An example of an access permit is presented in Appendix E. B. Access/Use Zones ODNR, Division of Natural Areas and Preserves has established a class- ification system for state nature preserves which reflects their uniqueness, .fragility, and extent of use. Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Sanctuary use-zones have been set up accordingly. Areas within the sanctuary are .classified as either scientific or interpretive zones, with scientific zones being the most restricted in use (Figure 5). According to the criteria, scientific zones encompass natural features of the highest quality. They are established for preservation of unique or rare biological-communities, plant species, animal species, or geological features. Only scientific research is allowed in these areas. Improvements are not permitted unless necessary for the area's continued preservation. Access.is by written permit only, because of the fragile nature of the area or the danger of disturbing research in progress. Interpretive zones are comparatively undisturbed or are in the process of returning to their natural or original condition. These areas can with- stand moderate use for educational and research purposes. Hiking trails, observation platforms, walkways, and interpretive devices may be permitted on a limited basis, but other improvements and facilities are restricted to outlying buffer areas only. C, Resource Protection 1. Law Enforcement Policy Rules for use of Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Sanctuary and State Nature Preserves are promulgated under the Ohio Revised Code Chapter 119. The Revised Code sections rule amplifies 1517.02, which contains the authority for ODNR to create the Division of Natural Areas and Preserves. Sub- sequent sections of this document define the intent and extent of nature preserve uses and purposes (Appendix F). Preserve resource protection and policy and other perinent information is contained in the ODNR Division of Natural Areas and Preserves Manager Handbook. The sanctuary manager is a professionally trained commissioned law enforcement officer charged with the responsibility for protecting the natural resources base at Old Woman Creek. Although a preserve (sanctuary) manager and/or officer has full police powers on lands administered by the Division of Natural Areas and Preserves, these police powers were bestowed -34- .... ...... 'I . . ..... ............ :::::: ............ . . ... ......... ........................ .... ................... ..... . ....... .... ........... ........... ...... ... .................... . . .. . ........ . .. ............ .... .... ............. ... . . ............. ...... .. ....... yi .......... ........... 0 FT. *. ........ .... e6ldoo .. .... .... ... .... ..... a-W'- SCIFNTIFIC So TUARY ESTUARINE Nc 0 :;REEK NATIONAL ZONES :SSIUSE OLD WOMAN ACCE FIGURE 5 upon the officer primarily to enable him/her to enforce rules and regulations as promulgated by the Chief of the Division of Natural Areas and Preserves. No personnel of the Division of Natural Areas and Preserves are authorized to wear or use firearms on duty. However, a nightstick, PR-24 baton, chemical mace, and handcuffs may be worn when encountering a situation in which another individual may have to be subdued. Said equip- ment shall not be worn when giving programs away from the area, or while engaged in routine work in the visitor center. 2. Basic Areas of Law Enforcement Responsibility a. Protect Resource from People Protecting the resource from the people is a very importan t and critical area. Most of the time, damage to the resourIce occurs because of ignorance. This could include the careless act of dropping a match in dry leaves. The result, of course, is a forest fire. It can also include the act of littering. b. Protect People from People To protect people from people is easily understood. This means you must ensure that people do not harm, harass, abuse, or disturb one another. C. Protect People from Themselves There are many obvious dangers found on a preserve that do not always seem obvious to our visitors who are enjoying themselves. An often witnessed event in preserves is to see someone.placing himself in danger by a careless or unthoughtful act. This could include disregard for water safety or carelessly handling a wild animal. III. Resource Management Plan This section of the management plan deals with the On-site Management Units and the Off-site Management Considerations. The On-site Management Units were developed as a result of the current land uses and existing facilities at the sanctuary. The Off-site Management Considerations include a discussion of regional zoning and potential land use changes which may affect the sanctuary. -36- A. On-Site Management Units Old Field 1 Description: Old Field I (Figure 6) is about 35 acres in size. It is part of the 138 acre Walper property and is located on the eastern portion of the sanctuary. Much of this land had been farmed prior to acqui.sition by the state in 1978. Old Field 1 is bounded on the south and west by the upland forest, on the east by private property (currently being farmed), and on the north by Cleveland Road East. Old Field I was chosen as the site of the research center for three major reasons: good vehicular access, close proximity to the estuary and proposed trail system, and available land base. Other sites were eliminated because of poor hazardous road conditions, lack of adequate land area and public access. A site analysis and archaeological survey were completed in 1981 and a report is filed at the Division of Natural Areas and Preserves in Columbus. The building site is located approximately 1,000 feet south of Cleveland Road and 500 feet east of the estuary. The upland forest provides a buffer between the estuary and the center. Goals: To provide a site for the Ohio Center for Coastal Wetlands Studies; to provide a site for an area maintenance center; to provide successional plots for educational and research purposes; and to permit some areas to revert to a natural condition. Management Actions: 1. Construct the research center and related facilities. A. A facility encompassing approximately 5,360 square feet will ultimately be required to meet both the educational and scientific needs at Old Woman Creek (Figure 7). Preliminary ODNR engineering estimates in 1981 indicated that the building would cost $520,000. This included construction of access roads, parking lot and utilities. Due to limited funding, construction will be phased. Phase I and II contain 3,300 sq. feet of floor space, including laboratory space, office and exhibit space. The exhibit area is a multi- purpose room with moveable furniture and exhibits. Construction bids were advertised on September 1, 1981. Contracts were signed and ground broken on December 1, 1981 for Phase I and II construction. Scheduled for completion by July 1, 1982, due to several problems, actual completion date was October 1982. Funding for Phase I and II were provided through state capital improvements appropriations and a matching award from the U.S. Department of Commerce, Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management. -37- :-lose OBERLIN BEACH a See @2 13 ..... ......- r-i 0 500 1000 FT. SSW LEGEND .... El OLD FIELD 9 All, UPLAND FOREST I SUCCESSIONAL ESTUARY WOODLOT MANAGERS RESIDENCE UPLAND FOREST 2 rpm DARROW ROAO MANAGEMENT UNIT OLD FIELD I - 8 Eg PRAIRIE El LAKEFRONT UNIT go SWAMP FOREST RESOURCE MANAGEMENT UNIT MAP FIGURE 6 PHASE III AUDITORIUM p .0; V PHASE I &II COMPLETED 4o Aj, lip 60 FT. 0 3 OHIO CENTER FOR COASTAL WETLANDS STUDIES CONSTRUCTION PHASING FIGURE 7 B. Trail system and overlook deck completed 1982 at a cost of $16P460.34. C. Trail extension planned for 1984-85. D. The l,"20-0 sq. ft. third phase will include a multi-purpose auditorium, additional office 'space and alibrary-conference room. This addition would provide seating for 100 persons to serve as a meeting room for interpretive programming, workshops, lectures, and other estuarine-sponsored special events. Phase III construction is scheduled for completion during 1984, pending availability of funding. 2. Remodel barn and convert into an equipment storage facility. Time frame: 1983-84 Estimated Cost; $5,000.00 3. Develop and maintain 5-10 acre early old field succession plots adjacent to the research center for educational use and to encourage ecological diversity. Mowing schedule: Every three years, on a rotational basis. 4. Allow the old fields along Cleveland Road East and along the eastern property boundary to revert to act as a buffer. Lake Front Unit Description: The Lake Front Unit is an eleven acre tract of land adjacent to Lake Erie and to the mouth of Old 'Woman Creek. It is the f 'ormer Murray property and is well known to area residents. This area forms the northernmost boundary of the sanctuary. This unit consists of three land sections: the lawn area encompassing 2.7 acres, a 900 linear foot beach along -the Lake Erie shoreline, and a one-acre marsh. In addition, this unit contains three buildings, a gravel driveway and highway right-of-way (Fig. 8). The three structures are the main house, beach house and garage. The three story main house, built between 1900 and 1910, includes a basement, attached tw6-car garage, laundry room, screened porch and carport. The structure provides5,100 square feet of available space. The house appears to have had numerous additions and alterations over the years. A 1979 inspection by the Chief Engineer of the Ohio Department of Natural Resources stated that while the building was structurally sound, there were a number ofproblems with the electric wiring system, heating system, plumbing system and general maintenance of the property. In 1980, necessary repairs were estimated to be in the $30,000 - $40,000 range. -40- LAKE ERIE BEACH HouSE E GARAG MAIN HoUSE 0 100 jpERTY MANAGEMENT UNIT LAKE FRONT PIRC FIGURE 8 The main house currently serves as a dormitory facility for visiting researchers during the spring, summer, and autumn months. A small first floor laboratory space is provided for use by Old Woman Creek staff for fish survey work and houses the reference fish collection. The second floor has been converted into two separate apartments which are available for on-site researchers. These apartments share a first-floor kitchen. The third floor is unfinished and is suitable for storage. In its present physical condition, the main house is extremely expensive to operate and maintain. Numerous repairs and alterations were made to the main house in 1979 and 1980. These include a new septic system, construction of temporary laboratory and office facilities, development of the new apartments on the second floor, and many minor but time consuming repairs and modifications. A beach house is located nearby the main house at the mouth of the creek. This wood frame, two bedroom structure was remodeled around 1950. With the exception of occasional basement flooding, problems with this building have been minimal. The house appears structurally sound despite its location. It is currently utilized as housing for researchers. The third structure is a two car, concrete block and wood frame garage south of, and immediately adjacent to, the beach house. During the summer of 1981 the building was rewired, a new roof put on, the exterior of blocks sealed and painted, and an overhead door installed. The garage contains a gauging station; equipment which was installed by the U.S. Geological Survey. It is also used to store boating equipment, tractor, mowing equipment, trailers, etc. Access to the Lake Front property is provided by a gravel drive approximately 100 feet west of the Old Woman Creek bridge. Parking space was expanded in 1981 to accommodate six to eight vehicles. The lawn area is comprised of the landscaped property surrounding the main house. Efforts have been made over the last three years to reduce the land area maintenance. A certain amount--of landscape maintenance will always be required because of the site location and historical significance of the house. I . The beach area at the sanctuary, while very small, is one of the few publicly owned beach locations in the area.' It is a scenic attraction which brings numerous casual visitors to the lake front property. Problem s have been encountered with public confusion over access rights, recreational opportunities and a general misunderstanding of the sanctuary concept. The beach and creek mouth area is used as an interpretive area for public programs and other educational activities. Recreational uses are not considered appropriate, thus public swimming, picnicking and sun bathing are not allowed. -42@- A small marsh area is located on the west edge of this unit. This area is suitable for interpretive use as well as small scale research demonstration projects. Goals: To upgrade the Lake Front property structures to provide adequate living accommodations for staff and guest researchers; to reduce the level of maintenance required on the structures and grounds, and to reduce energy consumption in the main house. Management Actions: 1. Decrease grounds maintenance by reducing areas mowed - Time Frame: 1983. 2. A preliminary engineering study has recommended that over $40,000 would be needed to remodel the old Murray house into a safe and somewhat efficient structure, comprising several small living units. Local state and local housing codes would dictate requirements to insure the safety of future occupants. The following estimates are based on competitive bids from several local construction firms: Roofing - $9,500 Electricity - $6,900 Plumbing $2,500 Heating $8,300 Structural - $4,100 Rental Units - $5,700 External Fire Escapes - $2,900 3. Place adequate signs along the beach to delineate public property and inform visitors of the beach regulations. Time Frame: Summer, 1983. Old Field Units 2-9 Description: Old Fields 2 through 9 are currently in various stages of succession. In 1978, at the time of acquisition, farming of Old Fields 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 was discontinued, As a result of the suspension of agriculture on these management units, a weedy flora has become well established. Currently invasion of these units by woody species is commencing. Old Field 7, at the time of acquisition, was well advanced successionally. Currently Old Field 7 is characterized by well established weedy herbaceous flora with interspersions of shrubs and small trees. Old Field 8, the largest,of the old field units, exhibits various successional development, with the eastern portion appearing similar to Old Field 7. The center western section Old Field 7 is similar to Old Fields 2 through 6. The northern section is just beginning the successional process as farming was suspended in 1980. Old Field 9 is a 63 acre unit that was used as an agricultural field for the production of corn, soy beans and wheat. -43- Goal: To permit succession to occur in Old Field Units 2 through 9. Management Actions: 1. Re-move all existing man-made debris from all the old field units. 2. Allow natural succession to occur and monitor successional growth to determine future management actions. 3. Allow naturally occurring fires to burn within the management units. Fire suppression will be permitted when danger to structures or adjacent cropland is apparent. Upland Forest Unit 1 Description: The Upland Forest Unit 1 occupies the steep banks and bluffs between water's edge and the old fields on the sanctuary's eastern boundary. The forest community is composed of mature oak, hickory, and numerous associates. The area has an abundant and diverse spring herbaceous flora. Goal: To maintain Upland Forest Unit 1 as a natural forest community with-an interpretive trail in it. Management Actions: 1. All man-made debris will be removed. Completed 1982. 2. Construct trail system which will originate at the research center, pass through the forest, parallel to Old Field 1, and return to parking lot. a. Initial construction of trail, 1/2 mile in length, completed in October 1982; 800 ft. of trail is paved, the balance is wood chipped. b. Trail extension through upland forest and old fields Scheduled for completion in 1983-84. 3. An observation platform, overlooking the estuary, will be constructed. Completed 1982. 4. Timber will not be removed except when it obstructs trail. Only the obstruction portion of the tree will be removed. Upland Forest Unit 2 Description: The 55-acre Upland Forest Management Unit includes approximately 40 acres of steep banks at the'southwestern portion of the estuary generally extending from water's edge to the crest of the bank, plus the 15-acre Star Island. The mainland forest communities are composed of relatively mature timber of oak and hickory. However, a stand of white pine trees planted circa 1950 occupies an area adjacent to the railroad. Star Island still shows signs of human inhabitation as evidenced by the overgrown house foundation and late successional vegetation species. The largest and most mature trees are found on its south and east shores. Goals: To permit the Upland Forest Management Unit 2 including Star Island to remain as a natural forest community, free to evolve via natural processes. Management Actions: 1. Remove existing man-made debris, Scheduled for 1984. 2. Allow natural succession to occur. 3. Mark and secure a hand dug cistern located on the easternmost projection of Star Island by summer of 1983. Successional Woodlot Unit Description: The Successional Woodlot Unit consists of small trees and brush left lollowing a selective timber harvest in 1978. Goal: To allow natural succession to occur. Management Actions: 1. Remove existing man-made debris. Prairie Unit Description: Located along the Conrail tracks on the western uplands of the sanctuary, this management unit supports the growth of a dry prairie flora. Codominant species at the site are big bluestem and Indian grass, with principal associates including whorled rosin-weed, butterfly-weed, bush clover, asters, and switch grass. The area has been the site of periodic fires, which may aid in the maintenance of the herbaceous flora. Currently the site is being.invaded by woody species such as shagbark hickory, sassafras, oaks and sumac, -45- Goal: To maintain the existing prairie flora. Management Actions: 1. Remove woody species occurring within the prairie by hand. 2. The site will be periodically burned to assist in maintenance of the herbaceous prairie flora. The first prairie burn was completed March 31, 1981. A second burn was accomplished April 15, 1982. A third fire is planned for 1983, with subsequent burning done on a two year basis or as data suggests a need. Darrow Road Unit Description: The Darrow Road Unit is located on the north side of Darrow Road, adjacent to Old Woman Creek. The site is low-lying and consequently is often quite wet. Prior to acquisition, the site was maintained as a grassy access point to the creek. A barrier has been installed to prevent unauthorized access. This unit also contains a 24 acre swamp forest along the stream channel. Interspersed within the swamp forest are small open water embayments. Upon construction of the proposed Ohio Route 2, the Darrow 'Road Unit will consist of two dis-tinct components lying to the north and south,of the highway. Goal: To maintain existing natural conditions. Management Actions: 1. Existing structures and man-made debris will be removed. 2. Long-term management will be restricted to the opening of the stream channel only when log jams present a danger to upstream flooding. 3. Natural materials removed from the stream channel will be deposited in the adjacent flood plain. 4. Monitor natural components to observe effects of highway conatruction. Managerts,Residence Description: The area manager@s residence is located on Darrow Road, east of the creek at the southern boundary of the preserve. This 2-acre residence is part of the 17-acre tract, formerly known as the Schuh property, and was acquired in August, 1980. -46- Three structures exist on approximately 4.7 acres of land. The remaining land consists of flood plain forest and old field. The four bedroom residence provides 1296 square feet of living space. A 25' x 48' pole barn has an attached 20' x 20' workshop. The residence is occupied by the sanctuary manager and his family. The building was built in the early 1970's and is in good condition. Utilities include electric (with baseboard heating), water well and septic system. Goal: The residence should continue to serve as the sanctuary manager's residence. The pole barn and workshop should serve as a work area and equipment storage for the sanctuary. Unused land should be allowed to -revert to the original vegetation. Management Actions: 1. Manager's residence will be maintained in good condition. 2. The residence will be better insulated for energy conservation. 3. Necessary improvements and security measures will be made to the pole barn and workshop. a. Exterior painted 1981. 4. A wooded buffer will be maintained between the structures and relocated Route 2. Estuary Unit Description: The Estuary Unit consists of that area bounded by steep wooded banks beginning at the mouth of the stream on Lake Erie and extending south of the railroad to a point at which the stream channel becomes readily identifiable, exclusive of Star Island. Currently, the stream channel and the stream's flood plain are not identifiable because of the high lake levels. During lower lake levels, the area will change, re-establishing a stream and associated flood plain marsh. Currently, this unit consists largely of open water with occasional occurrences of American lotus, white waterlily, other emergent and floating-leaved vegetation. Goal: To maintain the management unit free from development, and subject to the periodic environmental change which is characteristic of freshwater estuarine environments. Management Actions: 1. Existing structures and man-made debris will be removed. -47@ 2. Continue to monitor the estuary water quality for research and education purposes. 3. Limit the amount of public access to prevent interference with research projects and to insure minimum disruption of naturally occurring flora and fauna. Boundary Management Unit Description: The sanctuar .y currently has approximately 26,000 feet of boundary. These areas border on cultivated fields, forested areas, U.S. Route 6, Conrail Right-of-Way, Darrow Road and Lake Erie. These boundaries are largely unsecured and offer points of unrestricted access. Construction of boundary fencing along these property lines is strongly recommended and in two cases mandated by severance deed requirements. Goals: To clearly and conspicuously identify all boundaries. To secure all points of access. To prevent encroachment and trespass. To construct severance line fences. Management Actions: 1. Inventory all boundaries and determine the appropriate types of boundary markers and security devices. 2. Secure all access points. 3. Post all boundaries with the appropriate nature preserve boundary sign as per division policy. 4. All corner survey points will be permanently marked with standard ODNR concrete monuments, 5. 46" w'oven wire galvanized fence will be erected where necessary or as required in the purchase agreement(s). Target date 1983-85, pending financial appropriations. 6.. Boundaries adjacent to wooded areas within the sanctuary shall be clearly marked with white florescent paint to aid identification at night, as outlined by division policy. 7. Where possible, all boundaries along the eastern and western sides will be mowed 10 feet inside the property line to ai:d in fire control, law enforcement, and maintenance functions. -48- B. Off-Site Management Considerations 1. Land Capability, Current Use and Zoning Land capability is an expression of soil, geologic, terrain, climate, and other characteristics in relation to sustained use. In the area surrounding the estuary, land capability is limited primarily by soil drainage characteristics and associated seasonal wetness (Fig. 9). Land suitable for agricultural use is primarily so used. The second most prevalent land use is single family residential, with the majority of this use congregated near Lake Erie. Berlin Heights, the only municipality in the watershed, is expected to experience only nominal growth during the next twenty years. Zoning enacted in the proximity of the estuary provides for single family residential and agricultural uses (Fig. 10). There is also provision for development of commercial activity to the west of Berlin Road. A double track standard gauge railroad, currently operated by Conrail, bisects the preserve. No appreciable effects upon the preserve are caused by operation of this line, and no changes in operation are anticipated. Growth in the area can be expected along the land closest to Lake Erie and in proximity to the alignment of two interchanges to U.S. Route 2 which is planned along the southern portion of the existing preserve property. The major threat expected from development is associated with construction of Route 2. Two approaches should be utilized to mitigate such development. Residential and other wastewater prod'ucers should be required to tap in to interceptor sewers planned for the area. One such line is already planned for service to Berlin Heights and the area to the west of the preserve. Wooded land, especially on slopes, should be maintained to the greatest degree possible, either by dedication as part of a subdivision or through individual deed restrictions. All construction activities should meet current sediment control aspects of existing local regulations and the developers be encouraged to take special precautions where runoff is an immediate threat to the estuary. Close coordination with local authorities has been established and will be the most effective means of dealing with these relatively short-term threats. Finally, agricultural non-point source sediment and nutrient loading of the waters feeding the estuary can be expected to continue as the major man induced effect upon the water chemistry of the estuary. Cooperation with local authorities should be maintained so that best available agricultural practices to mitigate these effects are put into practice wherever poss'ible. Use of minimum till farming maintenance of wind breaks, use of grass swales, and maintenance oi trees along watercourses are some of the many approaches to keep sediment and associated nutrients in place on cultivated land. -49- =-PwAkL ----- - ------- ...... .... .... ..... 7i @F7 0000 FT. LEGEND MODERATE TO SANCTUARY SLIGHT LIMITS BOUNDARY FOR HomESITES SEVERE LIMITS WATERSHED FOR HOMESITES MoMm BOUNDARY WATER lomem SANITARY DISTRICT BOUNDARY GENERALIZED SOILS CAPABILITY MAP FIGURE 9 15 09 Traise Palk 10 E R!' L 600. RAL -.,0c 5,4 05 10 N off A ............... ROA ............ N RO too IP64 0 2000 FT. r1in fk' ghts Stat'lOn L A 625 tjORF01-o" LEGEND COMMERCIAL INDUSTRIAL WATERSHED SANCTUARY BOUNDARY BOUNDARY SANITARY DISTRICT SINGLE FAMILY 19090 RESIDENTIAL BOUNDARY CURRENT ZONING MAP FIGURE 10 2. Area Land Use Changes Completion of the new State Route 2 alignment along and through the southern portion of the sanctuary will create a permanent, artificial land form barrier except where the Old Woman Creek channel is bridged. The effect of changes to local drainage patterns will be monitored as will effects of construction activity. Route 2 access plans provide for interchanges on both the west and east barriers of the watershed. Accel- erated rates of surrounding development are to be expected upon completion of the project. The entire project site within the watershed also lies within the special sanitary district which extends out one mile from the sanctuary boundary. Due to the special authority obtained from creation of the sanitary district, and currently enforced local regulations, the effects from development are not expected to pose a threat to the integrity of the sanctuary. Development of the area will be monitored for effect upon the sanctuary. The current Wastewater Treatment Plan for the region provides for the conveyance of effluent from Berlin Heights to Huron by an interceptor sewer. Conversion from septic tank treatment will improve water quality in the estuary. New development will be serviced by planned interceptor sewers which will remove the effluent from the Old Woman Creek Watershed. -52- RESEARCH PLAN -53- OLD WOMAN CREEK RESEARCH PLAN A. Research Philosophy The establishment of the Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Sanctuary presents an unprecedented opportunity to develop a comprehensive body of knowledge regarding the physical and biological characteristics and interrelationships of a freshwater estuary, its watershed, and nearshore Lake Erie. The long range goal of the research program at this sanctuary is to develop a comprehensive understanding of the freshwater estuarine ecosystem. In general, the research program will follow the recommendations of the U.S. Man and the Biosphere Program (1979) and the long-term ecological goals of the National Science Foundation (Institute of Ecology 1979, 1979). Research on brackish water estuaries and other coastal zones has demonstrated the importance of undeveloped wetlands in providing both natural (food production, water purification) and cultural (commercial and sport fisheries) benefits. A major objective of studies undertaken at Old Woman Creek is to determine the relative significance of freshwater estuaries in performing functions similar to those performed by brackish water estuaries and coastal zones. The information derived from the research program at Old Woman Creek will be available for coastal zone management decisions. The basic approach to research at the sanctuary is to provide fundamental data, opportunity, direction, and facilities to the scientific community, thereby permitting the cumulative results of widely divergent projects to form the body of information necessary to gain a comprehensive understanding of the freshwater estuarine system. In soliciting research from groups and individuals other than sanctuary staff, flexibility in project design is critical and will be determined by the specific interests of the researcher. Therefore, the research program for the sanctuary has not been designed to accomplish specific projects on an established schedule, nor does the program specify individual project design. The plan does provide opportunity and direction within a framework of pragmatic flexibility. Many ecological theories, particularly in the fields of population biology and community ecology, require long term studies before they can be critically evaluated. The security from encroaching development coupled with the availability of a data base would be valuable in the testing of these theories, and may prove to be some of the most important scientific work that will emerge from the program. B. Research Framework A research outline has been developed to provide direction for the research program at Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Sanctuary (Table 2). This outline is presented not as a restrictive list of acceptable research areas, but rather as a general framework of research opportunities to spark the creative talents and interests of the research community. -55- RESEARCH COMPONENTS FOR OLD WOMAN CREEK NATIONAL ESTUARINE SANCTUARY OLD WOMAN CREEK & WATERSHED ESTUARY NEARSHORE LAKE ERIE Descriptive Research Functional Research (1) Geology (1) Geologic System a. Geomorphic Characteristics (2) Hydologic System b. Bedrock Characteristics a. Hydraulics c. Sediment Characteristics b. Sediment Transport (2) Water Quality c. Mixing Processes a. Chemical Properties (3) Chemical System b. Physical Properties a. Nutrient Cycles (3) Meteorology b. Major Ion Cycles c. Toxic Substances Cycles (4) Biology a. Aquatic Organisms (4) Energy System (Organic) b. Terrestrial Organisms a. Production (Autochthonous) c. Aerial Organisms b. Allochthonous Processes (5) Geography c. Consumption a. Physical Characteristics d. Decomposition b. Cultural Characteristics (5) Flux Processes/ Load i ng a. To/From Lake Erie b. To/From Upstream c. To/From Estuary Margins (6) Life History/Ecology (7) Cultural Processes a. Land Use b. Water Use REGIONAL RESEARCH INFORMATION MANAGEMENT/ (Lower Great Lakes Biogeographic Area) COMMUNICATIONS (1) Data Storage and Management (2) Scientific Literature (3) Library Services Natural Systems Cultural Systems Research Research (4) Public Information (5) Education As Specified As Specified (6) Publications TABLE 2 Many of the studies undertaken by the academic community will mirror the interests and expertise of those involved as well as the availability of research monies. Despite the apparent randomness of resulting work, all well-planned research will be encouraged because all such research aids in the understanding of the estuary and its watershed. C. Monitoring Progr The 'sanctuary staff is responsible for the development and implementation of a comprehensive baseline monitoring program. This program will provide the basis of a data bank which will provide future researchers with infor- mation regarding the biotic and abiotic components of the estuary, creek proper, and nearshore lake areas. Permanent ground-level photographic monitoring stations were established in 1982 within the sanctuary. These stations will provide documentation of floristic changes related to fluctuating water levels, changing environmental conditions and natural succession, as well as changes associated with alterations in management practices. In addition to these ground-level monitoring stations, an aerial photographic survey of the entire watershed will be conducted every 5 years. A program to monitor chemical components of the estuary and upstream waters has been underway since late 1980. Chemical and physical parameters currently being monitored include silicate, orthophosphate, ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, alkalinity, sulfate, chloride, pH, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, water temperature, and turbidity. Seven sites within the sanctuary boundaries, six sites in the creek proper, and one in nearshore Lake Erie are sampled on a fortnightly basis. The seven sites within the sanctuary include a site directly above, below, and at the proposed construction site of the State Route 2 bypass. Surface and bottom water samples are collected at five sites to determine chemical differences, if any, between the top and bottom waters. An expanded program of monitoring vertical profiles will be implemented if significant differences are found. With the completion of the Center for Estuarine Sanctuary Research in late 1982, the monitoring program was expanded to include analysis of selected metals. The analysis of waterborne metals will be.of special importance in assessing the impacts of State Route 2. The attached and planktonic algal communities of Old Woman Creek are sampled in conjunction with the chemical program outlined above. Epilithic algal samples are collected at 5 of the 6 creek sites and epiphytic samples are taken from 4 sites within the estuary. Phytoplankton samples are collected at every chemical site. This portion of the biolog ical monitoring program will provide information on,species composition and seasonal patterns of the attached and.planktonic algae in the creek, estuary, and nearshore lake. The chemical and algal monitoring programs will continue through 1983, but in 1984 the sampling schedule will be altered to correspond with major storm events.. The sites will be monitored immediately before, during, and -57 at selected intervals after each major storm to permit an estimation of the role of storms in -regulating chemical concentrations and algal populations In Old Woman Creek. After a three year sampling period, the results from this portion of the monitoring program will be analysed to determine the suitability of continuing a storm related sampling schedule. Three water level gauges were installed during the summer of 1980 to monitor water level fluctuations in Lake Erie near Old Woman Creek, at the mouth of the creek, and in the estuary opposite the site of the new research facility. They are currently maintained by the U.S. Geological Survey. Information provided by these gauges will be of great value to researchers concerned with water mass movements through the estuary and the role of these movements in determining the biology and chemistry of the estuary. The sanctuary staff began a fortnightly seine netting program to monitor fish populations in the estuary, creek, and nearshore Lake Erie during the summer of 1981. This program is augmented with data provided by the Ohio Division of Wildlifets annual test netting and with data from field trips ,to Old Woman Creek which incorporate shoreline seining. The sanctuary staff is also conducting a gut analysis 'study on selected fish species of the estuary, creek, and nearshore lake to determine feeding habits of the fish utilizing the estuary. These portions of the monitoring program will continue to be examined indefinitely, but on a more abbreviated schedule th an is currently undertaken. The monitoring program will be expanded in the future to address ecological and physiological parameters not currently under investigation. This continuous collection of data will result in an ever expanding data base which will be useful in identifying temporal changes in the environmental quality of the watershed. D. Facilities and Equipment The success-of the research program will be dependent upon both the interest of prospective researchers and availability of the equipment and facilities required to undertake such a program. The increasing complexity of research requires.specialized facilities and sophisticated equipment. The new research facility was built to incorporate the most common specialized facilities required in today's ecological research while providing the flexibility necessary to accommodate future research requirements. An analytical chemistry laboratory within the facility reflects the importance of chemistry in ecological research. A laboratory designed for the use of radioisotopes has also been incorporated in the facility. The general laboratory along with two smaller rooms provide areas with the flexibility to handle future and currently unknown research needs. Support facilities currently include a utility room, offices, and storage areas. With the completion of Phase 111, the support facilities will be increased with the addition of a library and more office space. A definitive equipment inventory ofthe laboratory complex is difficult to predict because research objectives and methodology are constantly evolving and changing. The equipment needs of today may differ from those -58- of the future. Despite this uncertainty, there is a broad spectrum of equipment that will remain important in the foreseeable future. This equipment could be termed "basic laboratory" equipment, because it is con- sidered essential in virtually any laboratory situation and it is used in such a wide range of research projects. Such equipment would include balances, water distillation system, centrifuge, chart recorders, magnetic stirrers, hot plates, water baths, ovens, air and vacuum pumps, autoclave, and microscopes. The chemical analysis of waters, biological tissue, and sediments is highly equipment dependent. In addition to the laboratory equipment necessary for the preparation of standards and reagents, there is a wide range of sophisticated equipment needed to conduct chemical analysis tests. Several of the chemical and physical tests are determined electrometrically with the appropriate meters and accessories. An automatic titration system increases the sensitivity and reliability of titrametrical determinations. Many of the chemical tests are determined colormetrially, requiring a UV/Vis spectrophotometer. Metals are determined using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer and accessories. The detection of herbicide or pesticide levels as well as other organic compounds requires the use of a high perfo rmance liquid chromatograph and/or a gas chromatograph. The use of radioisotopes requires instruments both to insure the saflaty of the researcher as well as to quantify the level of isotopes in the experiments. Aquatic research requires boats and specialized sampling equipment. Both lake going work boats as well as shallow draft boats are necessary to sample both the estuary and the nearshore lake as well as other coastal wetlands. The various nets, sampling bottles, and grabs are all required for ecological work in an aquatic ecosystem. Meteorological equipment will permit the collection of on site climatical conditions. Controlled environmental equipment are required for many of the studies of interactions or organisms and their environment. Such facilities would also permit small scale manipulative studies, which could be undertaken in the laboratory rather than in the estuary. Future equipment demands are unknown as future research projects and methodology remain undefined. The same flexibility that has been designed into the laboratory facility must also be included in equipment requisition. E. Research Prospectus The success of the research program at Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Sanctuary will depend upon the ability of the sanctuary staff to encourage the research community to utilize the site for their studies. The staff expect to encourage the active participation of the research community in sanctuary research by offering access to an ever expanding data bank, assistance in both project design and implementation, and availability of on-site laboratory facilities and low cost housing. -59- The initial phase in this role of encouraging research at the sanctuary is to acquaint the.academic community with the area and available facilities. To fulfill this function, the staff have visited universities in Ohio and have p.resented papers at two conferences of Great Lakes area researchers. An open house for academic researchers in the lower Great Lakes region is planned for September 1983 to acquaint them with the siteand the new facilities. The data bank provides the background data (e.g., species lists, population numbers, etc.) necessary to undertake an ecological research project. The data may suggest a future study to the researcher. This data will provide the long-term temporal data for the development of ecological theories or for remodeling studies. The sanctuary staff will assist the potential researcher in preparing the research proposal. The staff will be able to alert the researcher to conditions unique in the estuary that will present problems in the proposed sampling techniques as well as providing background data on the site and the importance of the proposed study. The st;@ff can suggest potential funding sources that may not be readily apparent to the researcher. After the study has commenced the staff will assist with data collection, as the need and time permit. Research overhead at Old Woman Creek will be significantly diminished by the availability of on-site housing and research facilities. Living accommodations along the Lake Erie shoreline, if available, are quite expensive, particularly during the summer months when most academics are able to conduct research. Housing, at a nominal cost, is available for the researcher either on-site at the Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Sanctuary, or nearby at other state nature preserves. This housing will significantly cut living expenses and, coupled with the laboratory facilities, decrease the need for transportation expenses. The close proximity to the research area will also permit more frequent sampling. On-site laboratory facilities are currently available. This complex is equipped with the more common laboratory and limnological equipment which is available for use by researchers, cutting research expenses even further. The cost of specific chemicals and equipment.unavailable at the facility, however, must still be borne by the researcher. Appendix G contains the research guidelines and application forms required by Division of Natural Areas and Preserves policy. F. Funding Grants and contracts for research on the estuary and other coastal wetlands will be sought when available and appropriate. These may be sought for use by regular or temporary employees, or for the use of outside researchers. Grants and contracts may also be solicited in conjunction with universities or other research organizations. Solicited grants and contracts will not be restricted to research projects considered by the -60- ,staff and Sanctuary Advisory Council to be of highest.priority, but the pro- jects may be relevant to the goals of the sanctuary research program. The sanctuary staff may approach the academic community with specific research proposals in an attempt to fill obvious voids in the data bank. Stipends, when available, will be offered to encourage these studies. G. Information Management The expanding data base dictates that increased attention must be given to an organized system of data and specimen storage and retrieval. All modern manual, photographic, and electronic systems will be considered. publications. rt-_,ppt-_L t_-L. a.L. LLLIZ: _L_LLLIU_LUgies ana paieogeograpny of the underlying rock formations in northern Ohio. Herdendorf (1963) conducted a study of the geology of the Vermilion Quadrangle, which encompasses a major portion of the Old Woman Creek watershed. This work characterized the specific properties of the major bedrock types of the watershed. This -61- publication also contained a detailed bedrock map of the area. Campbell (1955)- summarized the surficial geological history of Erie and Huron Counties from the Illinoian period until the present. This paper includes a map of the major moraines in the area. I. History of Research Activities After Sanctuary Designation Reports of research studies undertaken at Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Sanctuary or undertaken under the auspices of the sanctuary are housed in the sanctuary library. J. Priority Research The impending construction of the State Route 2 bypass through the southern portion of the estuary deems that studies on the proposed impact area and stations lakeward are ranked as priority projects. The -62- more data that is collected prior to construction, the more comprehensive of an impact study can be undertaken. Currently a monitoring program on the chemistry of the water and on the planktonic algae in the affected area is in progress. -63- RESEARCH BIBLIOGRAPHY Buchanan, D.B. 1982. Transport and Deposition of Sediment in Old Woman Creek Estuary, Erie County, Ohio. M.Sc. Thesis, Ohio State University, Columbus. 198 pp. Campbell, L.J. 1955. The Lake Glacial and Lacustrine Deposits of Erie and Huron Counties, Ohio. Ph.D. Thesis, The Ohio State University, Columbus. 197 pp. Herdendorf, C.E. 1963. Geology of the Vermilion Quadrangle, Ohio. M.Sc. Thesis, Ohio University, Athens. 185 pp. The Institute of Ecology. 1979. Long-Term Ecological Research: Concept Statement and Measurement Needs, Prepared for the National Science Foundation. The Inst. Ecol.,Indianapolis. 27 pp. The Institute of Ecology. 1979. Guidance Documents for Long-Term Ecological Research: Preliminary Specification of Core Research Measurements. Prepared for the National Science Foundation. The Inst. Ecol., Indianapolis. 54 pp. Klarer, D.M. 1983. A Survey of Phytoplankton in Old Woman Creek Estuary. Paper presented at 92nd Annual Meeting of the Ohio Academy of Science, April 22-24, 1983 at Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio. Marshall, J.H. 1977. A floristic analysis of the vascular plants of the Old Woman Creek Estuary and contiguous uplands, Erie County, Ohio. CLEAR Technical Report No. 67. 101 pp. Marshall, J.H. and R.L. Stuckey. 1974. Aquatic vascular plants and their distribution in the Old Woman Creek Estuary, Erie County, Ohio. Ohio Dept. Nat. Res., Div. Research DNR-RS-4. 53 pp. Millie, D.F. and D.M. Klarer. 1980. Survey of Epiphytic Diatoms along the Ohio Coast of Lake Erie. O.W.C. Tech. Rept. #1. 21 pp. & appendices. Miller, MAW. 1982. A Survey of the Order Trichoptera Occurring within the, Old Woman Creek Watershed. Special Topics Report, Kent State University. 29 pp. Moseley, E.L. 1899. Sandusky Flora. A Catalog of the Flowering Plants and Ferns Growing without Cultivation in Erie County, Ohio and the Peninsula and Islands of Ottawa County. Ohio Acad. Sci. Spec. Pap. No. 1. 167 pp. O.D.N.R. 1981, Limnolo gicai Study of Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Sanctuary for Collection of Baseline Data. O.W,C. Tech, Rept. #2. 60 pp. -65- Owen, B., R. Deehr, and F.L. Snyder. 1983. Comparative Food Habits of Young White Perch (Morone americana (gmelin)) and White Bass (Morone chrysops (Refinesque)) in Old Woman Creek Estuary. Paper presented at 92nd Annual Meeting of the Ohio Academy of Science, April 22-24, 1983 at Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio. Patrick, J.L. 1981. Species Composition and Habitat Preference of Small Mammals in a Prairie-Forest Community in Northwestern Ohio. Wildlife Biology 285 Advanced Special Topics Report, University of Vermont. 26 pp. Pepper, J.F., DeWitt, Wallace, Jr. and Demorest, D.F. 1954. Geology of the Bedford Shale and Berea Sandstone in the Appalachian Basin. U.S. Geol. Survey Prof. Pap. No. 25.8. 111 pp. Royal, C.A. 1980. Botanical and Geological Studies at Sheldon's Marsh State Nature Preserve Barrier Beach, Erie County, Ohio. Special Topics Report, Baldwin-Wallace College. 37 pp. & appendix. Snyder, F.L., B. Owen, and R. Deehr. 1983. Preliminary Investigations of the Use of Old Woman Creek Estuary by Lake Erie Fishes. Paper presented at the 92nd Annual Meeting of the Ohio Academy of Science, April 22-24, 1983 at Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio. U.S. National Committee for Man and the Biosphere. 1979. Long-Term Ecological Monitoring in Biosphere Reserves. U.S. Man and the Biosphere Program, Washington, D.C. 21 pp. & appendices. Worthy, M.C. 1980. Littoral Zone Processes At Old Woman Creek. M.Sc. Thesis, Ohio State University, Columbus. 199 pp. @66 I EDUCATION PIAN I -67- OLD WOMAN CREEK EDUCATION PLAN A. Introduction Education of the general public, specialized groups and the local community will play a prominent role in the successful operation of the Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Sanctuary. The objective of these educational efforts will be to provide the appropriate level of information about the estuary, sanctuary, and the state, federal, and local organizations that have roles in the management of the area. This education plan is divided into on-site and off7site activities. These activities will be implemented by the sanctuary manager, with assistance from his/her staff and coordinated with ODNR. The physical boundaries of the sanctuary have been used to categorize these activities. B. Off-site Educational Activities 1. Mobile Displays - The Sanctuary will acquire or construct mobile displays for use throughout the state at conferences, workshops, schools, etc, 2. Lectures - The Sanctuary will respond to, and encourage, speaking engagements bythe sanctuary manager, sanctuary staff, and other knowledgeable persons. Audiences may include service organizations, youth groups, school groups, conservation clubs, radio and television programs, etc, 3. News Media - The Sanctuary will actively encourage media coverage of the sanctuary. Such coverage could include special newspaper articles and editorials, magazine articles, and electronic media coverage. 4. Special Activities - The sanctuary staff will be encouraged to participate in special activities such as serving on various boards,, advisory groups, public programs, etc. C. On-Site Educational Activities 1. Publications - The Sanctuary will develop publications as necessary to promote the goals and objectives of the sanctuary. A sanctuary brochure is essential to the public education program and will be developed as soon as possible. Other publications, such as one promoting and describing research opportunities at the sanctuary, will also be developed. All publications will be carefully screened to assure that they serve the state and national objectives of the sanctuary program. 2. Organized Activities - Well-planned public programs at the sanctuary should stimulate public educational involvement in the objectives of the sanctuary. The sanctuary manager will coordinate all such programs to assure that they serve the objectives of the sanctuary. -69- a. Statewide events The Sanctuary will sponsor specific meetings, tours, workshops, etc. on topics relating to the estuary and sanctuary. These events will be publicized statewide and will be directed at the interested general public. These events will use the expertise of sanctuary and division staff as well as volunteer experts. b. Specialized Group Workshops - The sanctuary staff will provide workshops and other organized educational activities for specialized groups and organizations, such as youth group leaders, school science teachers, and college classes. These activities will concentrate on topics directly related to the sanctuary and its manage- ment. c. Lectures - Sanctuary staff will operate a lecture series at the research center. Guest speakers, sanctuary and other division staff will present evening or weekend programs. These presentations will be on an irregular schedule, with programs held both indoors and outdoors as conditions and subject matter warrant. The lectures should promote public education and yet entertain and stimulate interest by people with a. low-level concern about the estuary. d. Interpretive Programs - The sanctuary manager will coordinate and provide a variety of interpretive programs for the public and special groups. A guided "nature walk" is an effective means of stimulating two-way communication with an audience while providing close contact with the physical setting of the sanctuary. Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Sanctuary provides a variety of habitats which can be used for interpretive programs. The purpose of these programs should be education, not recreation. For example, a canoe tour is an excellent means of interpreting the estuary, but it should not be the primary reason for organizing or attending the program. Interpretive tours may be led by sanctuary staff or by skilled volunteers with prior approval from the sanctuary manager. e. Research Facility Tours - Tours of the research facilities at the sanctuary will be made available to interested groups and the public at regular intervals. Care will be taken to avoid upsetting the schedules of staff and guest researchers. A "hands-on" learning experience should be provided wherever possible. f. Volunteer Program - The sanctuary staff will encourage and coordinate a volunteer program at the sanctuary. A volunteer program will be developed and volunteers will be recruited and trained to fulfill specific tasks. The volunteer -70- program will be managed in accordance with accepted ODNR volunteer management procedures, and will be an active rather than reactive program. g. Area Tours - Special "good neighbor" tours of the sanctuary will be offered to the adjacent landowners and local community. Sanctuary staff will encourage a full under- standing of the estuary and sanctuary objectives within the local community. 3. Visitor Orientation - Many, if not most, of the public visiting the sanctuary will be casual visitors with little or no knowledge of the.purpose of the sanctuary. Since it is not feasible for sanctuary staff to greet each visitor and explain the history, purpose, and activities of the sanctuary, a visitor orientation syste m is essential to the operation of the sanctuary. This system will include the following: a. Trails - The sanctuary master plan identifies existing and planned facilities including the trail system (Figure 11). Trail development, from conception to completion, will comply with the Division's standard trail development policy. The trail system is intended to provide a variety of experiences for both the casual and serious sanctuary visitor. b. Visitor Center - The visitor center will serve as the focal point for most sanctuary visitors. Permanent and temporary exhibits are designed to "explain" the sanctuary to the casual visitor. These exhibits and other interpretive devices will be designed by professionals to fulfill the objectives of this aspect of the educational program. "Hands-on" displays will be developed for individuals interested in more detailed educational information. Microscopes, water chemistry equipment, and similar devices will be used to provide greater opportunities to special groups and individuals. c. Trail-side Devices - Various devices, including signs, bulletin boards, observation platforms, benches, maps, brochures, etc. will be used to convey information to the public and to make their visit a pleasant one. Attempts will be made to anticipate visitor needs and questions, and to respond to them in advance. A self-guided tour of the portion of the sanctuary which is open to the public will provide an enjoyable and educational experience through the use of these trail-side devices. -71- MAIN HOUSE BEACH HOUSE SERVICE r--Cwmi r1in Beaeh ORO POSE TRAIL UBLIC ACCESS 0 It 604 VISITOR CENTER BSERVATION OECK EXISTIN AL PRAIRIE 'PROPOSED TRAIL 613 - ----- . . ... ... ED PROPOS HIGHWAY "IV 0 N(AkAGER18 6/4 A -RESIDENCE OPEN FIELD MANAGEMENT: 0 --Striped areas" to be managed by Sanctuary, personnel to create or maintain prairie conditions. � immediate areas around the visitor's Center, and Residences to be mowed on a routine basis. � Remaining fields to revert back to woodlands - this will create a greater edge effect, will help buffer the roads and railroads and will help create visual and vegetative diversity. N 0 rpoo FT. OLD WOMAN CREEK NATIONAL ESTUARINE SANCTUARY MASTER PLAN FIGURE 11 4. Reference Library - The library contains many reference volumes including field guides, identification manuals, scientific journals, and abstracts of Great Lakes regional research projects. A bibliography of wetlands education andresource materials will be developed for on-site use by teachers, students, And group leaders. 5. Recreational Considerations Facility design to meet education and research goals will also provide visitors to the sanctuary with opportunities for passive recreation experiences as part of an overall educational experience. Viewing flora and fauna along trails, at the estuary overlook and in the center sets a tone for relaxed enjoyment of nature while learning about the estuary. Effective environmental education programming utilizes many principles inherent to recreation and provides for active involvement while preserving the resource base. Whether individually or in groups, recreation will be a part of the visitors' overall experience at the sanctuary. Active or intensive recreation opportunities will not be provided at the sanctuary. Numerous outdoor recreation opportunities are provided at nearby state parks and wildlife areas within easy driving distance of the sanctuary. -73- APPENDIX A Vascular Plants Recorded at the Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Sanctuary Through 1982 EQUISETACEAE Eqwi,6etum oAv en.6 e Common Horsetail OSMUNDACEAE Ozmunda cinnamomea Cinnamon Fern POLYPODIACEA Adiantum pedatum Maidenhead Fern AthAium Fetix-6emina Lady Fern D,tyopteA" auztxiac voA. zpinutosa Spinulose Wood Fern Onoctea zensibiU6 Sensitive Fern PoZy.6tichum acAo.6tichoide6 Christmas Fern OPHIOGLOSSACEAE Bo;ftychium Rattlesnake Fern PINACEAE, Picea pungens Blue Spruce Pinuz A,@gida Pitch Pine P. .6tAobus Eastern White Pine P. syzvatAi@6 Scotch Pine Tzuga canadenzi6 Eastern Hemlock TAXODIACEAE Metuequoia sp. Metasequoia TYPHACEAE SpaAganium euAycoApum Bur-reed Typha anguzti6oZia Narrow-leaved Cattail T. ati6oUa Broad-leaved Cattail POTOMOGETONACEAE Potomogeton nodosuz Pondweed P. pectinatuz Sago Pondweed ALISMATACEAE AWma ;ftivate Water Plantain Sagittatia Zati6otia Common Arrowhead BUTOMACEAE Butomuz umbeUAtuz Flowering Rush Al GRAMINEAE Aegitop.6 cyZindtica Goat Grass Ancttopogon getcmdi Big Bluestem Andmpogon scopaAiu,6 Little Bluestem B)Lo=6 japonicuz Brome Grass Catamag&o,stiz canaden,6iz Blue-joint Grass Cinna a)Lundinacea Wood Reed DigitaAia .6anguinat,@6 Crab Grass Echinochtoa cAuzgatti Barnyard Grass E. pungems Barnyard Grass E. watteAi Walter's Millet Hymu,5 vi@Lginic" Wild Rye Etagust@,6 pectinacea Love Grass GZycutia ztAiata Manna Grass LeeAzia o&yzoidez Cut Grass Panicum capittaAe Witch Grass P. ViAgatum Panic Grass PhataAiz aAundinacea Reed Canary Grass PhZeum pxateue Timothy Phkaqmi;tu au,6t&at@z Reed Grass Poa pAaten,6e Kentucky Blue Grass .SetAAia gtauca Foxtail Grass S. 4abm@i Foxtail Grass So&ghaztAm nut=6 Indian Grass CYPERACEAE CoAex 6Aankii Frank's Sedge C. ztaminea Sedge C. vutpinoidea Sedge CypeAuz engeemanni Umbrella-sedge C. mcutentu,6 Umbrella-sedge C. Jmuginuce" Umbrella-sedge C. )tivutaA,@6 Umbrella-sedge C. 'StAigOAU's Umbrella-sedge Sc,iAp" amexicanu6 Bulrush S. atAoviAenz Dark Green Bulrush S. 6tuviat.@ River Bulrush S. vatidws Great Bulrush ARACEAE Acmuz catamuz Sweet Flag AA,@6aema attotubenz Jack-in-the-pulpit Pettandta vi&ginica Arrow Arum LEMNACEAE Leynna rnino)L Duckweed SpiAodeta poty&hiza Duckweed A2 COMKELINACEAE Txadezcantia viAginiana Spiderwort PONTEDERIACEAE PontedeAia cmdata Pickerelweed JUNCACEAE Juncu.6 e46u.6ws Rush J. tenufs Path Rush LILIACEAE Attiumsativum Garlic A.6paAagu,6 o46icinaL@S Asparagus ftyth)Lonium atbidum White Trout-lily E. ameAicanum Yellow Trout-lily HemeAocatt.@6 Jut= Day Lily Litium canade"e Canada Lily PoZygonatum bi4toktm Solomon's Seal Sm.itacina wcemoza False Solomon's Seal Smitax sp. Greenbrier TxitZium gxandijZo,%um Large-flowered Trillium AMARYLLIDACEAE Hypox,@s "uta Star Grass IRIDACEAE PUz veuicotm Blue Flag Sizy)Linchium sp. Blue-eyed Grass ORCHIDACEAE Epipactiz Zati6otia Helleborine SpiAanthu gtaci@ Ladies' Tresses SAURURACEAE SaukuAuz ceAnuuz Lizard's-tail SALICACEAE Poputus dettoidu Cottonwood P. g4andidentata Big-tooth Aspen Satix spp. Willow JUGLANDACEAE CoAya co&dijoAmiz Bitternut Hickory C. ovata Shagbark Hickory Jugtanz niq4a Black Walnut, A3 BETULACEAE, AZnus seaxuZata Smooth Alder Cotytws ameAicana Hazel NPLya vi,%giniana Hop Hornbeam FAGACEAE Cutanea dentata American Chestnut Fagaz gtandijotia American Beech QueAcuz atba White Oak Q. bicoto)L Swamp White Oak Q. boteaUz Red Oak Q. macAocoApa Bur Oak Q. paZuztAiz Pin Oak MORACEAE MoAw atba White Mulberry ULMACEAE CeUZ6 occidentatiz Hackberry Utmuz ammicana American Elm U. tubAa Slippery Elm URTICACEAE BoehmeAia cytindtica False Nettle Lapoirtea canadenziz Wood Nettle Pitea pumita Clear Weed UAtica dioica Stinging Nettle U. gtaciW Slender Nettle SANTALACEAE Comand,ta umbeLUta Bastard-toadflax POLYGONACEAE PoZygonum coccineum Water Smartweed P. convotvutuz Black Bindweed P. hyAopipeApoidu Mild Water Pepper P. tapathi4otium Nodding Smartweed P. penzytvanicum Pinkweed P. pensytvanicum vaA. egtandutosum Lake Erie Pinkweed P. pwicaxia Lady's-thumb @P. punctAtum Smartweed P. zagittAtum Arrow-vine P. vitginianum Jumpseed Rumex n-izpuz Sour Dock R. o)tbicutatws Great Water Dock R. veAticiUatu,6 Water Dock A4 CHENOPIDIACEAE Che-nopodium aZbum Lamb's Quarters Cycf-of-oma atxipZicijotium Winged Pigweed Saf6ota kati Russian Thistle AMARANTRACEAE Amatanthuz atb" Tumbleweed A. te;txojtexu6 Pigweed NYCTAGINACEAE MiAab" nyctaginea Four-O'clock PHYTOLACCACEAE Phytotacca ameAicana Pokeweed PORTULACACEAE PoAtu&ca oZeAacea Purslane CARYOPHYLLACEAE Saponaxia o66icinaZiz Bouncing Bet CERATOPHYLLACEAE CeA,atophyttum demeuum Coontail NYMPHAEACEAE Nd-umbo tutea American Lotus Nuphax advena Spatterdock Nymphea tubeAo.6a White Water-lily MAGNOLIACEAE Li&iodend,ton ttdipeta Tuliptree RANUNCULACEAE Anemonetta thattictAoide,6 Rue Anemone Anemone quinque6otia Wood Anemone A. vi&_qiniana Thimbleweed CaUha paLatxi4 Marsh Marigold Cimicijuga tacemo.6a Black Cohosh Uemat.iz vixginiana. Virgin's Bower Hepatica acutitoba Sharp-lobed Hepatica Ranuncu&6 6"cicutaW Buttercup R. %epem Buttercup R. zceteAatu,6 Cursed Crowfoot Thatictkum dioicum Meadow Rue A5 BERBERIDACEAE BeAbevbs thunbeAgii Japanese Barberry B. vuP_gaA" Common Barberry Podophyttum peZtatum May Apple LAURACEAE Sazza6k" atbidum Sassafras CRUCIFERAE AUia4ia o66icinaUs Garlic Mustard BoAboAea vutgat" Winter Cress M"Sica campest4,@z Field Mustard B. hitta White Mustard B. kabeA Charlock CoAdaynine butbosa Spring Cress C. penzyevanica Bittercress DentvAia ZacimZata Toothwort HapeA" ma;ftonaLL6 Dame's Rocket Ro,tippa "Zandica Yellow Cress R. patu.6tA" Marsh Cress CAPPARIDACEAE Potanizia dodecandta Clammy Weed CRASSULACEAE Penthmm zedoide,6 Ditch Stonecrop Sedum tetephium Live-forever SAXIFRAGACEAE HeucheAa amexicana Alumroot Hydtangea oAbo&ucens Wild Hydrangea Ribu .6ativum Currant Ribm s.p. Gooseberry PLATANACEA Hatanu.6 occidentati.6 American Sycamore ROSACEAE Agximonia g&ypozepata Agrimony AmetanchieA sp. Serviceberry Ctataeguz spp. Hawthorn F,tagaua v,(Agintana Strawberry Geum canadenze Avens G. taciniatum Avens Matu,6 sp. Apple A6 M. angwsti6ot& Crab Apple PotentiUa canaden6iz Cinquefoil P. %ecta Rough-fruited Cinquefoil P. simptex Common Cinquefoil P&unuz ameAicana American Plum P. penzytvanica Pin Cherry P. 6eAotiw Wild Black Cherry Roza bZanda Smooth-stem Rose R. caAoZina Pasture Rose R. muttijtota Multiflora Rose R. patuztx@6 Swamp Rose R. setigeAa Prairie Rose Rubuz occidentatiz Black Raspberry SpiAea atba Meadow-sweet CAESALPINIACEAE CeAci,s canadensiz Eastern Redbud Gymnoctaduz dioc" Kentucky Coffeetree FABACEAE AmphicoApa bxaaeata Hog Pea-nut A6t,tagatuz canaden.6iz Milk Vetch De,6modim canade"i6 Tick Trefoil D. Zaevigatum Tick Trefoil D. panicutzitm Panicled Tick Trefoil Lapedeza capitata Bush Clover L. viAginica Bush Clover Md-itotAa atba White Sweet Clover M. o66icinatiz Yellow Sweet Clover Robinia p6eudoacacia Black Locust Stupho.6tyZe,6 hetvota Wild Bean Pci6otium pAateue Red Clover Vic,@a nacca Cow Vetch OXALIDACEAE OxaW etaopaea Wood Sorrel GERANIACEAE GeAanim macutatum Wild Geranium POLYGALACEAE PoZygata vekticiUata Milkwort EUPHORBIACEAE AcaZypha thomboidea Three-seed Mercury EuphoAbia couttata Flowering Spurge E. dentata Spurge A7 ANACARDIACEAE Rhu.6 gZaka Smooth Sumac R. %adican,6 Poison Ivy R. typhina Staghorn Sumac CELASTRACEAE Euonymuz jottunei Bigleaf Winter-Creeper ACERACEAE AceA patmatm Japanese Maple A. ptatanoid6 Norway Maple A. xubtum Red Maple A. .6acchw&tnum Silver Maple A. zacchvAum Sugar Maple HIPPOCASTANANCEAE Amcutuz gZab&a Ohio Buckeye BALSAMINACEAE lmpatien,6 cape"i.6 Spotted Touch-me-not 1. pattida Pale Touch-me-not RHAMNACEAE Ceanothuz ameAicanuz New Jersey Tea VITACEAE PaAthenou:zsuz quinquejoZia Virginia Creeper VZt&S AipaXia Riverbank Grape TILIACEAE Titia ameAicana American Basswood MALVACEAE Abutiton theophAa6ti Velvet-leaf Hibi.6cus patuztt" Marsh Mallow H. tkionum Flower-of-the-hour HYPERICACEAE HypeAicum peA6nvutum St. John's Wort H. punctatum St. John's Wort A8 VIOLACEAE Viota cucuttata Blue Marsh Violet V. pubacenz Downy Yellow Violet V. 6tAiata Pale Violet LYTHRACEAE Decondon veAticiUatuz Swamp Loosestrife Lythkm atatum Wing-angled Loosestrife ONAGRACEAE UAcaea quadtisutcata Enchanter's Nightshade Epitobium gtandutosum Willow-herb GauA,a biennis Gaura Ludwigia patu-6txa Water Purslane Oenothm biennE6 Evening Primrose UMBELLIFERAE Cicuta macutata Water Hemlock Daums cauta Wild Carrot CORNACEAE Coxnuz dxmmondii Dogwo7od C. itoxida Flowering Dogwood Nyzza 6ytvatica Black Gum PRIMULACEAE Lysimachia citiata Fringed Loosestrife L. nummutaAia Moneywort L. qua&Li6otia Loosestrife OLEACEAE ftaxinws White Ash GENTIANACEAE Gentian andAew.6.ii Closed Gentian Sabatia angu&Aiz Rose-pink APOCYNACEAE Apocynum cannabinum Indian Hemp A. zibi4icum Indian Hemp A9 ASCELPIDACEAE m.@ A,6ctepias incauata A. zy&jaca Swamp Milkweed A. tubeAoza Milkweed Butterfly-weed CONVOLVULACEAE Convotvutu,s sepim Hedge Bindweed Cu,6cuta 9,tonovU Dodder POLEMONIACEAE Phtox divaticata Phlox HYDROPHYLLACEAE Hyduphyttum viAginianw-n Waterleaf VERBENACEAE VeAbena haztata V- X iUiCita Blue Vervain V- uAtici@Otia Vervain White Vervain LABIATAE CO"-in-60nia canadenzi.S Lamium puApu,%eum Horse-balm Lycop4 amekicanuz Dead-nettle L. euAopaeuz Water Horehound L. v-iAginicuz Water Horehound L. unigoAuz Bugleweed L. X .6hvtoAdi Water Horehound Mentha aAven&L6 Water Horehound M. X catdiaca Mint Monatda 46tUto,6a Mint Nepeta catatia Wild Bergamot P)tuneUa vuegaAjz Catnip Pycnan;themum viAginianum Self-heal Scutettakia epjtObjj6Otia Virginia Mountain Mint -3. tateAigtota Skullcap Stachy,6 tenui6oyia Skullcap TeucAjum canaden,6e Hedge-nettle Germander SOLANANCEAE DatuAa StAamonbm Sotanum dutcaMata Jimsonweed S. nig&tm Bittersweet Nightshade Black Nightshade A10 SCROPHULARIACEAE AntiAAhinum majus Snapdragon ChaenoizAhimum mims Lesser Toadflax Chetone gtabka Turtlehead LindeAnia dubia False Pimpernel Linak& vuZqaxa Butter-and-eggs Mimutu.s xingen.6 Monkey-flower Pedicutwu' .u tanceoZata. Swamp Lousewort VeAbascum thap.6u,6 Mullein VeAonicazt,%um vixginicum Culver's Root ScAophutaxia &nceoZata Figwort BIGNONIACEAE CatAZpa bignonioidu Catalpa PHRYMACEAE Phtyma tepto.6tachya Lopseed PLANTAGINACEAE Ptantago majot Plantain RUBIACEAE Cephatanthuz occidentaUz Button Bush Gatium apoAine Cleavers G. ciAcaezanz White Wild Licorice G. tinctoxitm Bedstraw G. tAi6f-okum Fragrant Bedstraw CAPRIFOLIACEAE LoniceAa japonica Japanese Honeysuckle Sambums canadensL6 Elderberry VibuAnum aceAijotim Arrow-wood. V. tentago. Nannyberry V. p&unigoZium Black Haw VALERIANACEAE VatekianeUa tadiata Corn Salad DIPSACACEAE Dipzacus .6yZvest4i,6 Teasel CUCURBITACEAE Echinocyzt,@,6 Za bata Wild Cucumber All CAMPANULACEAE SpecutaAia peAjoZivta Venus' Looking-glass LOBELIACEAE Lobetia siphititica Great Lobelia COMPOSITAE Achittea mitte6otium Yarrow Actinomexiz atte&ni4otia Wingstem Ambuzia aAtem@6ii6otia Ragweed A. tAijida Ragweed AttennaAia pZantagini6oZ& Pussy-toes ktctium minu,6 Burdock kstet azwteu6 Aster A. e&icoidu Heath Aster A. Zaeviz Aster A. tatexi4ZoAuz Calico Aster A. novae-angtiae New England Aster A. ptaeatt" Aster A. zagitti6otiuz Aster A *.6hoAtii Aster A. zimptex Panicled Aster A. viminw Small White Aster A. undutatuz Aster Bidem cmua Beggarticks B. connata Beggarticks B Fundo.6a . Beggarticks Cacatia atAiptici6otia Indian Plantain ChichoAim intybu,6 Chicory Uuium a&veme Canada Thistle C. vutgaAe Bull Thistle CoteopzZ6 tAiptev@6 Tall Coreopsis EctLpta atba Yerbe-de-tago EAigexon phitadetphicu,6 Daisy Fleabane E. s tAig os u.6 Daisy Fleabane EupatoAiw macutaturn Spotted Joe-Pye Weed E. peA6otiatam Boneset E. pitosum Hairy Thoroughwort E. tugnum White Snake-root Gatinzoga paui6to&a Galinsoga Hetenium autumnate Sneezeweed Hetianthe,6 divaAicatLa Woodland Sunflower H. hd_ianthoidu Ox-eye Daisy H. "utw Stiff-haired Sunflower H. tubwzuz Jerusalem Artichoke Lactuca canadenzi,6 Lettuce L. 6toxidana vaA. jZoAidana Lettuce Liatt" .6picata Dense Blazing-star Ptenanthez zeApentatia Lion's Foot A12 COMPOSITAE Rudbeckia jutgida Coneflower R. UAta Black-eyed Susan Senecio gtabeUus Ragwort Sitphium t4xiotiatum Rosinweed Sotidago canaden6i6 Goldenrod S. juncea Early Goldenrod S. kugoza Goldenrod S. zpecioza Goldenrod S. tenuijot& Slender Fragrant Goldenrod TaAaxacum oj6icinate Dandelion Tu6sitago 4aAjaAa Coltsfoot VeAonia aZti.6.6ima Ironweed Xantkium stAummat@m Cocklebur A13 Algae Recorded at the Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Sanctuary Through 1982 DIVISION CYANOPHYTA Anabaena ciAcinatiS Rabenhorst A. sp. Aphanizomenon 4to4-aquae (L.) Ralfs Aphanocapsa deticatisAima West & West A. etaChi,6tAa West & West Catothtix sp. ChAoococcuz dispeuuz (v. Keissler) Lemmermann. C. minWc (Kutz) Naegeli C. minutuZ (Kutz) Naegeli Gtoeocapsa sp. Lyngbya sp. MeAi,wopedia minima Beek M. tenuiSZima Lemmermann O,SciUatoX@a AgaAdhii Gomony 0. UmoZa (Roth) C.A. Agardh 0. zubb&eviz Schmidle 0. tenui6 C.A. Agardh Phnmid,&= tenue,(Menegh.) Gomont DIVISION CHLOROPHYTA Actinazt'Lum Hantzschii Lagerheim Anki6tAodumuz convotutitz Corda A. 6atcatu-6 (Corda) Ralfs A. 6atcatuz var. mixabiL@6 (West & West) West CaAteltia Kteb-6,U (Dang) Dill, Cha,tacium cwtvattim G.m. Smith C. sp. Chtamydomona,s gtoboza Snow C. sp. Ctadophoxa gtomeAata (L.) Kuetzing ftozteXium acicutaAe T. West COAMA-i= gtanatu-m de Brebisson C. Sp. Ctostexium btebizzonii Ctuc-igenia jenMt&ata Schmidle C. quadxata Morren C. &ectangutaA,@6 (A. Braun) Gay C. tetAapedia (Kirch) West & West Dictya6phaeA.ium putchettum Wood Fxance,La DkoucheAi (Lemm.) G.M. Smith Gtococy,st,@6 gigaz (Kutz) Lagerheim G. Ve,6icutoAa Naegeli Gotenkinia tadiata (Chod.) Wille KachneAie,Ua ZunaA,@6 (Kirch.) Moebius K. sp. A14 LageAheimia c.@@4oAniz (snow) G.M. Smith L. ci@@ (Lag.) Chodat L. genevenzis var. subgtobosa (Lemm.) Chodat L. quadkizeta (Lemm.) G.M. Smith Mic,tactinium puSittum Fresenius KicAozpow stagnnum (Kutz) Lagerheim. Mougeotia sp. Oedogonium sp. OocyAti,S ZacuStXiS Chodat 0. paAva West & West PandoAina sp. PediAutAum Botyanum (Turp.) Meneghini P. duptex Meyer P. dupZex var. ctatktatum (A.Braun) Lagerheim P. dupeex var. &WcutatuM Lagerheim. P. .6impZeX Lemmermann P. simptex var. duodenaAium (Bailey) Rabenhorst P. tetAa6 (Ehr.) Ralfs P. tetAv-6 var. tetkaodon (Corda) Rabenhorst Phacotuz sp. Putococc" vixiduz C.A. Agardh Pteltomon" angutoza Lemmermann QuadAiguta ctosteAiodidez (Boblin) Printz Quad,tiguta tacu,6tXiZ (Chod.) G.M. Smith Scenedesmus abundanZ (Kirch) Chodat S. acuminatuA (Lag.) Chodat S. acuminat" var. minOIL G.M. Smith S.-aAmatuZ (Chod.) G.M. Smith S. bijuga (Turp.) Lagerheim, S. bijuga var. atteAnayt,6 (Reinsch) Hansgirg S. dentiCutat" Lagerheim S. dimo&phuz (Turp.) Kutzing S. hyztAix Lagerheim. S. ZOn9u,5 var. btevispina G.M. Smith S. opotiensiz P. Richter S. quadkicauda (Turp.) de Brebisson S. quadticauda var. Zongi6pina (Chod.) G.M. Smith S. sextat" S. pZanctonicuz (Kors.) Fott Schuedexia zetigeAa (Schroder) Lemmermann Setenaztkum sp. SphaeAettopziz sp. SphaeAocystiz SchAoaeAi Chodat Spi'Logy)La sp. Stam"tAkm gtacite Ralfs Stigeoctonium sp. TetAaectton candatum (Corda) Hansgirg T. minimum (A.Braun) Hansgirg T. tegutake Kutzing T. txigonum var. gxacite (Reinsch) DeToni Tak"tAum gtabAum (Roll) Ahlstr & Tiff T. heteAacanthum (Nordstedt) Chodat 4wuva eteganz T. punaatum (Schmidle) Ahlstr & Tiff A15 T. 6tauAogeniaejwuve (Schroeder) Lemmermann UtothAix teneAxima Kutz DIVISION EUGLENOPHYTA Aocogtena sp. (vaginicota?) kstcL6ia sp. Eugtena acu,6 Ehr. E. gtacZUS Klebs E. OXyUAL6 Schmarda E. OXYaAjS var. minOA Deflandre E. sp. LepocincLL6 sp. Phacu,6 acuminatuz Stokes P. Aknotdi Swirenko P. hetikoidez Pochmann P. pseudonoutstedii Pochmann P. sp. StAombomonaz gibbeAoza (Playf.) Deflandre TAachetomono6 zupeAba (Swir.) Deflandre T. VaXia" (Lemm.) Deflandre T. votvocina Ehr. T. sp. DIVISION CHRYSOPHYTA Sub-Division Xanthophyceae Dinob&yon diveAgenz imhof Dinob&yon sp. (TabetteAiae?) Opkiocytium capitatum var. tongiZpinum (Moebius) Lemmermann Stipitococcu,S V"i6OAMiZ Tiffany Sub-Division Chrysophyceae Mattomona6 acoAoidm Perty SynuAa uve.Ua Ehr. Sub-Division Bacillariophyceae Achnantha hungaAica (Grun.) Grun. A. ZanceotAta (Breb.) Grun. A. tanceotata var. dubia Grun. A. minut@6,sima Kutz A. tauenbuAgiana Hust. Actinocyctuz noAmanii var. zub-satSa (Juhl. Dannf.) Hust. Amphata ovat@6 var. pedicutws (Kutz) V.H. A. peApuAiZ& (Grun.) Grun. A. zubmontana kstmionetta jwunoza Hass. Catone,iz ampki,6baena (Bory.) Cl. C. bacLUaAis var. theAmaW (Grun.) A. Cl. C. baciUum (Grun.) Cl. A16 C. cf-evei (Lagerst.) Cl. C. tewizii Patr. CocconeiS ptacentuta Ehr. C. p¢uta var. eugf-ypta (Ehr.) Cl C. ptacentuta var. -eineata Mr.) V.H. Cyctotetta atomu.6 Hust. C. comta (Ehr.) Kutz C. meneghiniana Kutz C. p.6eudosteUiqexa Hust. C. .6teUigeAa (Cl. and Grun.) V.H. CymatopteuAa 60tea (Breb. and Godey) W.Sm. Cymbetta minuta Hilse C. Minuta var. ziteziaca (Bleisch) Reim. C. navicutijoAmi-6 Auersw. C. tumida (Breb.) V.H. C. tuAgidu& Grun. C. ventAicoza Ag. Diatoma tenue var. etongatUM Lyngb. D. vutgaAe Bory. Eunotia aAcu.6 var. bidenS Grun. E. cuAvata (Kutz) Lagerst. E. cuAvat-a var. zubaAcuta E. pectinaL@6 var. minot (Kutz.) Rabh. FxagitaAia capucina Desm. F. cAotone"iS Kitton F. vauchet&e (Kutz) Peters F. vite-6cen.6 Ralfs G,omphonema acuminatum Ehr. G. a66ine Kutz G. a46ine var. etongatum G. a66ine var. i"igne (Greg.) Andrews G. anguztztum (Kutz) Rabh. G. angu6tatltm var. saAcophogu6 (Greg.) Grun. G. gtacite Ehr. G. intAicatum Kutz G. otivaceum (Lyngb.) Kutz G. poAvutum (Kutz) Kutz G. Subctavatum (Grun.) Grun. Gyuzigma scatptoidu (Rabh.) Cl. Hantz.6chia amphioxyz (Ehr.) Grun. Metos.iAa ambigua (Grun.) 0. Mull M. bindeAana Kutz M. distanz var. atpigena Grun. M. VaAian,6 Ag. MeAidon ci&cutoAe (Grev.) Ag. Mictoziphona potamuz Weber Navicuta agnita Hust. N. atomu6 (Kutz) Grun. N. capitata Ehr. N. con6eAvacea (Kutz) Grun. N. contenta var. bicepz (Arn.) Grun. N. cAyptocephata Kutz A17 N. CAYPtocePhata var. ex,&U6 N. etginen,6i,6 (Greg.) Ralfs N. gtegaAia Donk N. Latophita var. tenuuztW N. heu6teAi var. teptocephata (Breb.) Patr. N. hungaAica var. capitata. (Ehr.) Cl. N. Zanceotata (Ag.) Kutz N. meni,6cutuz var. upzatienz" Grun. N. minima var. pzeudojozzitiz N. minuscutoide,5 Hust. N. mutica Kutz N. mutica var. txopica Rust. N. paucivi6itata Patr. N. petticutosa Hilse N. pupuf-a Kutz N. puputa var. tectangutaAL6 (Greg.) Cl. N. pygmaea Kutz N. xadio,6a Kutz N. tadiosa var. tenet& (Breb.) Cl. and Moll. N. 6atinaAUM Grun. N. zat-inoAum var. inteAjnedia (Grun.) Cl. N. ZChAOeteAi var. UCaYnbia Patr. N. .6eminUtUM Grun. N. sptendicuta Van Landingham N. symmetAica Patr. N. tahtuP-a Hust. N. teAminata Hust. N. tAipunctata var. 6chizonemoide,6 (V.H.) Patr. N. tAipunctata var.tAiPunctv-ta (O.F. Mull) Bory N. vaucheAiae Peterson N. vikiduta (Kutz) Ehr. Nitz,6chia actin"t&oidez (Lemm.) Van Goor N. acuminata (W.Sm.) Grun. N. agnita Hust N. amphibia Grun. N. anqLatata (W.Sm.) Grun. N. capitettata Hust. N. communiZ Rabh. N. dizsipata var. media Grun. N. jiti6OAM" Schutt N. 6onticoZa Grun. N. 6@uOtutum (Kutz) Grun. N. 6AUStutum var. peAminuta Grun. N. 6tu/stutum var. peApw6itta (Rabh.) Grun. N. hungaxica Grun. N. incon,6picua Grun. N. kuetzingiana Hilse N. tevidenzi6 (W.Sm.) Grun. N. tineaA" (Ag.) W.Sm. N. paP-ea (Kutz) w.sm. N. PoAvuZa var. textico-ea Lund N. phitippinatUM Hust A18 N. xecta Hantz. N. )Lomana Grun. N. zigmoidea (Nitz.) W. Sm. N. .6inuata var. tube.Uatia (Grun.) Grun. N. ztticta Hust. N. zubustAxta Hust. N. taAda Hust. N. tAybtioneUa Hantz. N. vatga Chot. Pinnuta,tia abanjenzi6 var. ustAata (Patr.) Patr. P. kebi6zonii (Kutz) Rabh. P. btebizzonii var. diminuta (Grun.) Cl. P. micAo.6tauAon (Ehr.) Cl P. nodow (Ehr.) W.Sm. P. ztomatophoAa (Grun.) Cl. P. teAmitina (Ehr.) Patr. PtagiotAopiz tepidopteAa var. ptobozcidea (Cl.) Riem Rhizo.6otenia eAiemi.6 H.L. Smith Rhoico.6phenia cuAvata (Kutz) Grun. S;tauAonei6 ancep.6 Ehr. S. KxiegeAi Patr. S. phoenicenteAon var. gtaCiti6 (Ehr.) Hust. Stephanodi,6cuz a6ttaea (Ehr.) Grun. S. a,6ttaea var. minututa Grun. S. hantz,6chii Grun. S. zubt,@@ (Van Goor) A. Cl. S. tenuiZ Hust. Su,%iAe,Ua angu.6ta Kutz S. ovata Kutz S. ovata var. pinnata (W.Sm.) Rabh. SuAi&etta tuAgida W.Sm. SynedAa aC" Kutz S. 6"icuP-ata (Ag.) Kutz S. 6a6icutata var. tkuncata (Grev.) Patr. S. putchetta Ralfs S. putcheUa var. capitata S. Ampenz var. 6amitiaki-6 (Kutz) Hust. S. utna (Nitz.) Ehr. S. utna var. obt"a (W.Sm.) Grun. TabettaA,ia 6enutAata (Lyngb.) Kutz That"zioziAa 6tuviatiti6 Hust. T. p.6eudonana Hasle and Heim DIVISION CRYPTOPHYTA Ctyptomonas eAo,6a Ehr. C. eAosa var. @Le6texa Marsson Rhodomona6 tacuztA" Pascher & Ruttner R..sp. A19 DIVISION PYRRHOPHYTA CeAatium hitundinetta (O.F. Muell.) Dujardin Gtenodinium sp. Gymnodinium acidotim Nygaard G. hetveticum Penard G. sp. A20 Birds Recorded at the Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Sanctuary Through 1982 GAVIIDAE Loons Gavia iweA Common Loon PODICIPEDIDAE Grebes Poditymbuz podicep.6 Pied-billed Grebe Podiceps aukitta Horned Grebe PHALACROCORACIDAE Cormorants Phatacucotax auxitu.6 Double-crested Cormorant ARDEIDAE Herons and Bitterns CazmeAo" atbu,6 Great Egret AAdea heAodiaz Great Blue Heron Ftox@da caeAutea Little Blue Heron Buto,tidez zt&iatuz Green-backed Heron Nycticnax nycticowx Black-crowned Night Heron BotauAttz tentiginosuz American Bittern ANATIDAE Waterfowl Cygnu,6 oto,% Mute Swan Oto)t cotumbianuz Tundra Swan BuAta canadensiz Canada Goose B. b exyticuta Brant AnzeA atbiAons Greater White-fronted Goose Chen caetutace" Snow Goose An" ptaty)thynchoz Mallard A. )tubAEpez American Black Duck A. acuta Northern Pintail A. ztAepeta Gadwall A. awicana American Wigeon A. ctypeata Northern Shoveler A. dL6cou Blue-winged Teal A. cAecca Green-winged Teal Aix sponsa Wood Duck Aythya ameAicana Redhead A. vati.6inex& Canvasback A. cottayUz Ring-necked Duck A. maki& Greater Scaup A. a66inis Lesser Scaup Bucephata ctanguta Common Goldeneye B. atbeota Bufflehead Ctangw& hyemaW Oldsquaw OxyuAa jamaicen6i.6 Ruddy Duck MeAguz meAganAeA Common Merganser A21 M. seAAato,% Red-breasted Merganser Lophodyta cucuUxtws Hooded Merganser CATHARTIDAE Vultures CathaAta auAa Turkey Vul-.;re ACCIPITRIDAE Hawks and Eagles Pandion haUaet" Osprey Accipite,t coopexii Cooper's Hawk A. stxiatus Sharp-shinned Hawk Ci&c" cyaneu,6 Marsh Hawk Buteo Zagopws Rough-legged Hawk B. jamaice"iz Red-tailed Hawk B. Zineatuz Red-shouldered Hawk ffatiaeetuz Zeucocephatuz Bald Eagle FALCONIDAE Falcons Fatca zpaweAiws American Kestrel PHASIANIDAE Pheasants Ph"ianuz coZchinu,6 Ring-necked Pheasant RALLIDAE Rails, Gallinules, Coots RaUu.6 Umico& Virginia Rail Gattinu& chtotopws Common Moorhen Futica ameAicana American Coot GRUIDAE Cranes Gtuz canaden.6i,6 Sandhill Crane CHARADRIIDAE Plovers Ptuviatis dominica Lesser Golden Plover ChaAadki" voci6eu_6 Kildeer SCOLOPACIDAE Sandpipers Actitw macuta4,ia Spotted Sandpiper DLinga metanoteuca Greater Yellowlegs T. 6tavipez Lesser Yellowlegs LimnoAomuz gA,@zews Short-billed Dowitcher AAena,tia inteAptes Ruddy Turnstone CaUdA,i,s atba Sanderling C. atpina Dunlin C. minutiUa Least Sandpiper C. puz,@Uws Semipalmated Sandpiper A22 Scotopax minot American Woodcock GaLUnago minox Common Snipe LARIDAE Gulls and Terns LaA.uz maAinu,6 Great Black-backed Gull L. axgentatus Herring Gull L. detmoau"iz Ring-billed Gull L. pkitadetphia Bonaparte's Gull SteAna hiAundo Common Tern S. 6outeAi Forster's Tern S. c"pia Caspian Tern Chitdonia,S ni_qeA Black Tern COLUMBIDAE Doves Cotumba tivia Rock Dove ZenaiduAa macAouAa Mourning Dove CUCULIDAE Cuckoos Coccyzu.6 awicanuz Yellow-billed Cuckoo C. eAythAopthaP_mu.6 Black-billed Cuckoo STRIGIDAE Owls Otu,s a6io Eastern Screech Owl Bubo vi&ginianuS Great Horned Owl A,6io 6tammeuz Short-eared Owl StAix vaxia Barred Owl Aegotiuz acadicuz Northern Saw-whet Owl CAPRIMnGIDAE Goatsuckers Captimutguz voc,@Jetuz Whip-poor-will ChotdeLtez minok Common Nighthawk APODIDAE Swifts Chaetma petagica Chimney Swift TROCHILIDAE Hummingbirds A&chitochuz cotubA" Ruby-throated Hummingbird ALCEDINIDAE Kingfishers CeAyte atcyon Belted Kingfisher PICIDAE Woodpeckers Cotapez auAat" Common Flicker MetaneApu caAotinws Red-bellied Woodpecker A23 M. eAythAocephatu.6 Red-headed Woodpecker Sphy&apicu.6 vaA,@w Yellow-bellied Sapsucker Picoide,6 viUo.6u,6 Hairy Woodpecker P. pubacenz Downy Woodpecker TYRANNIDAE Tyrant Flycatchers Ty,tannu,S tytannuS Eastern Kingbird MyiaAchu.6 ctinitus Great Crested Flycatcher SayoAniz phoebe Eastern Phoebe Contupuz vikenz Eastern Pewee C. boteatiz Olive-sided Flycatcher Empidonax viAacenz Acadian Flycatcher E. minimuz Least Flycatcher E. tuatU Willow Flycatcher E. atno@um Alder Flycatcher ALAUDIDAE Larks E,temophaa atpe6tAiz Horned Lark HIRUNDINIDAE Swallows Hiltundo &"tica Barn Swallow Tachycineta Tree Swallow RipaAia &ipa,%ia Bank Swallow StetgdiopteAyx zeAx@penniz Northern Rough-winged Swallow Pugne zubiz Purple Martin CORVIDAE Jays and Crows Cyanocitta cA.,E6tata Blue Jay Co&vuz bAachyxhynchoz American Crow PARIDAE Chickadees and Titmice PaAuz atAicapittuz Black-capped Chickadee PaA" bicoem Tufted Titmouse SITTIDAE Nuthatches Sitta coAotine"iz White-breasted Nuthatch S. canadenziz Red-breasted Nuthatch CERTHIIDAE Creepers CeAthia ameAicana Brown Creeper TROGLODYTIDAE Wrens Tugtodytu aedon House Wren T. tAo9Zodytez Winter Wren CietothoAttz patuztA,@6 Marsh Wren A24 MUSCICAPIDAE Kinglets, Gnatcatchers, Thrushes Subfamily Sylviinae PotioptUa caeAuf-a Blue-gray Gnatcatcher Regutws .6atAapa Golden-crowned Kinglet R. catenduta Ruby-crowned Kinglet Subfamily Turdinae Siatia siatiz Eastern Bluebird CathaA" 6u,6cacen.6 Veery C. miximuz Gray-cheeked Thrush C. uztutatus Swainson's Thrush C. guttatu.6 Hermit Thrush Hyt,oc.ichZa mu,6tetina Wood Thrush TuAduz migtatoxiuz American Robin MIMIDAE Mockingbirds and Thrashers Dumetetta caxotinen,6is Gray Catbird Toxostoma Au6um Brown Thrasher BOMBYCILLIDAE Waxwings 8ombycitta cedmxm Cedar Waxwing STURNIDAE Starlings Stutnu.6 vutgaxiz European Starling VIREONIDAE Vireos ViAeo .6otZtaxiuz Solitary Vireo V. gxi6euz White-eyed Vireo V. 6taviiton6 Yellow-tbroated Vireo V. otivaceuz Red-eyed Vireo V. gitvu,6 Warbling Vireo EMBERIZIDAE Wood Warblers Subfamily Parulinae Mnioti@ va&ia Black and White Warbler P&otonotaAia citAea Prothonotary Warbler VeAmivo,ta pinuz Blue-winged Warbler V. peAegkina Tennessee Warbler V. w6icapitta Nashville Warbler Pa4ttta ameAicana Northern Parula Warbler Denduica petechia Yellow Warbler D. magnotia Magnolia Warbler D. tigtina Cape May Warbler A25 D. Counata Yellow-rumped Warbler D. vaen.6 Black-throated Green Warbler D. caeAaace" Black-throated Blue Warbler D. ceAtttea Cerulean Warbler D. dominica Yellow-throated Warbler D. 6usca Blackburnian Warbler D. pensytvanica Chestnut-sided Warbler D. ca6tanea Bay-breasted Warbler D. ztAiata Blackpoll Warbler D. pinuz Pine Warbler D. patmwum Palm Warbler SeiuA" auAocapittuz Ovenbird Geothtypiz tkicha6 Common Yellowthroat Opo&oniz 604mo.6uz Kentucky Warbler Witzonia puziUa Wilson's Warbler W. canaduzz,@6 Canada Warbler Setophaga tuticitta American Redstart Subfamily Coerebinae Tanagers PiAanga otivacea Scarlet Tanager Subfamily Cardinalinae Cardinals, Grosbeaks, Buntings CakdinaLiz coAdinatis Northern Cardinal Pheuctims tudovicianu,6 Rose-breasted Grosbeak P"zeAina cyanea Indigo Bunting Spiza ameAicana Dickcissel Subfamily Emberizine Sparrows, Longspurs Pipito eAythAophthatmuz Rufous-sided Towhee SpizeUa oAbo)Lea American Tree Sparrow S. p"zeAina Chipping Sparrow S. puziUa Field Sparrow P",seAetta itiaca Fox Sparrow Metnpiza metodia Song Sparrow M. tincotnii Lincoln's Sparrow M. geo>ana Swamp Sparrow Zonot4ichia atbicottiz White-throated Sparrow Z. teucophAy.6 White-crowned Sparrow Junco hyemat,@6 Dark-eyed Junco Catcax&s tapponic" Lapland Longspur Ptecttophenax nivatiz Snow Bunting Subfamily Icterinae Blackbirds, Orioles Dotichonyx otyzimcus Bobolink Agetaito phoeniceuz Red-winged Blackbird Stu)Lne,Ua magna Eastern Meadowlark Euphagus comtinuz Rusty Blackbird A26 E. cyanocephatu,6 Brewer's Blackbird QuizavEm quiscuta Common Grackle Mototh&u.6 ateA Brown-headed Cowbird lctmz gatbuta Northern Oriole Family Fringillidae Finches CoApodams puApuAeu,6 Purple Finch C. mexican" House Finch Loxia teucoptuLa White-winged Crossbill CaAdueL@6 4tammea Common Redpoll C. pinuS Pine Siskin C. tv:ztu/s American Goldfinch Coccothxau6tez ve,6peAtinuZ Evening Grosbeak Family Passeridae Weaver Finches P",6eA domezticuz House Sparrow A27 Mammals Recorded at the Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Sanctuary Through 1982 DIDELPHIDAE Didetphiz maAsupiaW Opossum SORCIDAE sokex cineAeu.6 Masked Shrew UaAina buvicauda Sh6rt-tailed Shrew TALPIDAE Scatopuz aquati-cuz Eastern Mole VESPERTILIONIDAE myotiz zucijuguz Little Brown Myotis LEPORIDAE Sytvi&gu6 6Zo&idanu,6 Eastern Cottontail SCIURIDAE Tam@az 6tAiatuz Eastern Chipmunk MaAmota monax Woodchuck SciuAuz nigeA Fox Squirrel Tanu:a6c&ws hud6onicuz Red Squirrel Gtauo-omys votanz Southern Flying Squirrel CRICEtIDAE PeAomy,6cu,6 manicutat" Deer Mouse P.teudopuz White-footed Mouse MicAotuz pennzytvanic" Meadow Vole .OndatAa zibethims Mus krat MURIDAE Rattuz nouegicuZ Norway Rat MU-6 MU,6cutuz House Mouse CANIDAE Vutpe,6 vutpes Red Fox PROCYONIDAE Pucyon totok Raccoon A28 MUSTELIDAE- Mu6teta nivati6 Least Weasel MephZW mephitiz Striped Skunk CERVIDAE Odocoiteu6 vixginianu.6 White-tailed Deer A29 Fish Recorded at the Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Sanctuary Through 1982 CLUPEIDAE Herring Family Douzoma cepedianum Gizzard Shad CYPRINIDAE Minnow Family Campoztoma anomatum Common Stoneroller Ca.ta,s4iuz auAatuS Goldfish Cyptinuz ca,%pio Carp Etheoztoma caeAuteum Rainbow Darter Notemigonu,s &tysoteuc" Golden Shiner Not,topi.6 antheAinoidez Emerald Shiner N. hudsoyvj" Spottail Shiner N. spitoptet" Spotfin Shiner Pimphatez notatus Bluntnose Minnow Rhinichthy,s atAatutus Blacknose Dace Semotituz atAomacutatu,6 Creek Chub CATOSTOMIDAE Sucker Family Ca,tpiodez cypAinu,5 Quillback Carpsucker Catntom" commmsoni White Sucker MinytAema metanop.6 Spotted Sucker ICTALUIDAE Freshwater Catfish Family lctatuk" met" Black Bullhead 1. nebutoza Brown Bullhead 1. punctatws Channel Catfish ANTHERINIDAE Silverside Family Labideztha ziccutuz Brook Silverside PERCICHTHYIDAE Temperate Bass Family Moune amexicana White Perch M. ch)Lysop,6 White Bass CENTRARCHIDAE Sunfish Family Lepomi,s cyanettuo Green Sunfish L. gibbozuz Pumpkinseed L. humiZ" Orangespotted Sunfish L. mactochiAu,6 Bluegill MicAopte/tws satmoidez Largemouth Bass Pomoxils annutaAiz White Crappie P. nigumacutatws Black Crappie A30 PERCIDAE Perch Family Etheostoma nig&tm Central Johnny Darter PeAca 4f-avuce" Yellow Perch Stizo.6tedion vitAeum Walleye SCIAENIDAE Drum Family Aptodinotu4 giLunnien.6 Freshwater Drum A31 Reptiles Recorded at the Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Sanctuary Through 1982 CHELYDRIDAE Snapping Turtles Chetydta ze)Lpentina Snapping Turtle EMYDIDAE Box and Water Turtles Tmapene ccAotina ccAotina Eastern Box Turtle G,taptemyz geog&aphica Map Turtle Ch)Lyzemy,6 picta maAginata Midland Painted Turtle Emydoidea btandingi Blanding's Turtle COLUMBRIDAE Snakes Natx@x zipedon .6ipedon Northern Water Snake NatAix zipedon insuf-aAam Lake Erie Water Snake StoteAia dekayi dekayi Northern Brown Snake Thamnophi,s sixtaL@6 zi4taU,6 Eastern Garter Snake melanistic Thamnophi6 6iAt" Thamnoph,i-@ buaeAi Butler's Garter Snake CotubeA coutAictot comtAictot Northern Black Racer Etaphe vutpina gtoydi Eastern Fox Snake A32 Amphibians Recorded at the Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Sanctuary Through 1982 BUFONIDAE True Toads Bu6o amexicano American Toad Bu6o woodhouze,@ 6owteAi Fowler's Toad RANIDAE True Frogs Rana catubeiana Bullfrog Rana ctmnitaa metanota Green Frog PLETHODONTIDAE Lungless Salamanders Ptethodon gtutinos" Slimy Salamander A33 Invertebrates Recorded at the Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Sanctuary Through 1982 PHYLUM PROTOZOA Cotep.6 sp. PHYLUM PLATYHELMINTHES DugeAia tigtina (Girard) PHYLUM ASCHELMINTHES Class Rotifera Phitodina sp. B&achionu,6 CaUdatAk6 Barrios B. Catyci6toAUZ Pallas B. uAeetaA,@6 Muller B. bidentatu,5 Anderson KeAateUa quadtata Muller K. cochteaA,@6 Gosse K. cochteaAi6 var. tecta (Gosse) A,6ptanchna piLiodonta Gosse Class Gastrotricha Chae,tonotuz sp. PHYLUM BRYZOA PectinateUa magni6ica Leidy PHYLUM ANNELIDA Aeotozoma sp. B)LanchiuAa zoweAbyi Beddard PHYLUM ARTHROPODA Class Crustacea PteuAoxws p/tOCUAMS Birge Simocephatws ZettutatuS Koch Cexiodaphnia teticutata (Jurine) Vaphnia gateata SaAz var. mendotae Birge Leptodwm kindtii (Focke) Bozmina cougoni Baird AtoneUa nana (Baird) Sida CAy,6tatUna (O.F. Muller) Gammwuo plseudot@mnae" Bonsfield Cambe/U&S diogonU Girard A34 Orconectes rusticus Girard Condona sp. Ascellus sp. Crangonyx gracilis S.I. Smith Class Insecta Order Ephemoptera Epeorus spp. Ephemera simulans Walker E. varia Eaton Caenis hilaris Say Cinygmula sp. Order Odonata Ischnura sp. Enallagma sp. Order Hemiptera Gerris canaliculatus Say Trichocorixa sp. Order Coleoptera Dytiscus sp. Haliplus sp. bidessus sp. Berosus striatus Say Order Trichoptera Agraylea sp. Ceraclea cancellata Betten C. resurgens Walker C. tarsi-punctata Vorhies C. transversa Hagen Cernotina ohio Ross Cheumatopsyche aphanta Ross C. pasella Ross C. speciosa Banks C. sordita Hagen Chimarra obscura Walker Cyrnellus fraternus Banks Hydropsyche betteni Ross H. recurvata Banks H. walkeri Betten & Mosely Hydroptilia agax Ross H. angusta Ross A35 H. consimilis Morton H. grandiosa Ross H. perdita Morton H. spatulata Morton H. waubesiana Betten Leptocerus americanus Banks Limnephilus submonilifer Walker Mystacides spulchralis Walker Nectopsyche diarina Ross Neotrichia sp. Neureclipsis crespicularis Walker Nyctiophylax moestus Banks Ochrotrichia tarsalis Hagen Oecetus avara Banks 0. inconspicua Walker 0. persimilus Banks Orthotrichia americana Banks Phryganea sayi Milne P. scinerea Walker Phylocentropus sp. Polycentropus aureolus Banks P. Cinerus Hagen P. crassicornis Walker Potamyia flava Hagen Rhyacophila cardina R. ledra Ross R. vibox Milne Triaenodes frontalis Banks Order Diptera Glyptotendipes sp. Cricotopus trifasciatus Panzer Chironomus tentanus Fabr. Chaoborus puntipennis Say Chironomus cristatus Fabr. Limnochironomus tenuicaudatus Mall. PHYLUM GASTROPODA Lymnaea (Bulimnaea) megasoma Say Physa sp. Sphaerium securis Prime A36 i APPENDIX B AGENCY OHIO DEPARTMENT OF Ohio Dept. of Natural Resources POSITION ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICES DIVISION OR INSTITUTION Natural Areas & Preserves DESCRIPTION PERSONNEL DIVISION UNIT OR OFFICE Old Woman Creek Do not write in shaded area State Agency County Agency New Position Change COUNTY OF EMPLOYMENT Erie USUAL WORKING TITLE OF POSITION POSITION NO. AND TITLE OF IMMEDIATE SUPERVISOR Preserve Manager 6030.0 - Administrator of Field Operations NORMAL WORKING HOURS (Explain unusual or relating shift) From 8: 00 a.m. To 5:00 p.m. - Subject to 24 hour call & irregular hours JOR DESCRIPTION AND WORKER CHARACTERISTICS % Job Duties in order Of Importance Minimum Acceptable Characteristics 50 Responsible for the overal supervision & administra- 1, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, ll, tion of Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Sanctuary 12, 13, 14, 18 (Field and State Nature Preserve which includes the public Biology & Ecology); 28 (light education and research programs. Supervises staff equipment); 30E, 31C, 32E, consisting of sanctuary biologist, educational 33E, 34D, 35B. specialist, laboratory technician, college interns, rangers, conservation workers, Y.A.C.C. workers and C.E.T.A. employees. Assigns & directs daily management of the preserve, including routine maintenance, mowing,, light construction, install- ation of signs, boundary makers, trails, etc. Prepares preserve budget, requisition and other records and reports. 30 Directs and carries out the general nature inter- 5, 7, 9, 10, 11, 18 (Field pretive program on the preserve, including the Biology & Field Ecology & operation of the visitor-research center as well Nature Interpretation); as other visitor interpretive facilities; schedules 30E, 31C, 32E, 33E, 34D, group usage of interpretive research facilities; 35B. assigns & provides interpretive services; plans & develops exhibits & educational programs for center; functions as nature interpretive & nature center instructor. Speaks to school & civic groups. 10 Supervises & performs routine patrol work, including 5, 9, 10, 11, 14, 29 (Law the enforcement of applicable laws, rules and Enforcement); 30E, 32D, regulations of the division. 34D, 35A. 10 Responsible for supervision & coordination of 5, 9, 11, 18 (Field Ecology); baseline data collection and monitoring research 30E, 31C, 32D, 34D, 35A. projects at the preserve. Last Position Numbers and Class Titles of positions supervised. SIGNATURE OF AGENCY REPRESENTATIVE DATE If more the eight,list the totals only. ADM 4107 (Rev. b-11) Bl Agency OHIO DEPARTMENT OF Ohio Dept. of Natural Resources POSITION ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICES DIVISION OR INSTITUTION Natural Areas & Preserves DESCRIPTION PERSONNEL DIVISION UNIT OR OFFICE Old Woman Creek Estuary Do not write in shaded areas COUNTY OF EMPLOYMENT X State Agency County Agency New Position Change Erie USUAL WORKING TITLE OF POSITION POSITION NO. AND TITLE OF IMMEDIATE SUPERVISOR Sanctuary Ecologist 6490.0 - Preserve Manager NORMAL WORKING HOURS (Explain unusual or rotating shift.) FROM 8:00 a.m. TO 5:00 p.m. JOB DESCRIPTION AND WORKER CHARACTERISTICS % Job Duties in order of Importance Minimum Acceptable Characteristics 50 Participates in collecting, classifying, and 11, 14, 18 (Ecology, zoology, evaluating baseline data including determination botany), 30E, 31F, 32E, 33E, of degree of sensitivity and adverse effects of 34D, 35A. various projects on ecological system within Old Woman Creek Estuary and the surrounding Great Lakes region. 20 Administers and conducts inventory and study of 11, 14, 18 (Ecology, zoology, ecological systems within the Old Woman Creek botany), 30E, 31F, 32F, 33E, Estuary; Coordinates, reviews and monitors research 34D, 35A. projects sponsored by universities, various agencies and individuals. 20 Analyzes baseline data and research information to 5, 10, 11, 18 (Ecology, aid in the development, management and use of old zoology, botany) 30E, 31F, Woman Creek National Estuarine Sanctuary and State 32F, 33E, 34D, 35A. Nature Preserve. 10 Provides technical assistance & information to 11, 14, 18 (Ecology, zoology, various divisions, governmental agencies and public botany), 30E, 31F, 32F, 33E, & private organizations; repares and presents 34D, 35A. speeches & slide talks concerning agency programs & activities. List Position Numbers and Class Tieles of Positions supervised SIGNATURE OF AGENCY REPRESENTATIVE DATE If more than eight, list totals only. ADM 4107 (Rev. 5-75) B2 AGENCY POSITION OHIO DEPARTMENT OF Ohio Dept. of Natural Resources ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICES DIVISION OR INSTITUTION Natural Areas & Preserves DESCRIPTION PERSONNEL DIVISION UNIT OR OFFICE Old Woman Creek Estuary Do not write in shaded area State Agency County Agency New Position Change COUNTY OF EMPLOYMENT Erie USUAL WORKING TITLE OF POSITION POSITION NO. AND TITLE OF IMMEDIATE SUPERVISOR Conservation Aide 6490.0 - Preserve Manager NORMAL WORKING HOURS (Explain unusual or rotating shift.) FROM 8:00 a.m. TO 5: 00 p.m.. JOB DESCRIPTION AND WORKER CHARACTERISTICS % Job Duties in order of importance Minimum Acceptable Characteristics 75 Maintains preserve grounds & buildings; mows lawn, 10, 29 dump truck, backhoe, maintains shrubbry, performs routine building & boats, 30C, 31A, 32C, 34B, vehicle maintenance; cleans & maintains public use 35C - 25-75 lbs. areas, assists with conservation of trails, boardwalks, fences, etc. 10 Assists in routine law enforcement & patrol 10, 30C, 31C, 32C, 34C, 35B. activities including watercraft patrol, makes visitor contact; observes, summons preserve officer when necessary 8 Assists with surveying & monitoring estuary biota; 10, 30C, 31C, 32C, 34C. assists with water chemistry analysis, habitat management and geological surveys; surveys biota, collects metorological data; maintains data records. 5 Assists in public programs; opens & closes meeting 10, 30C, 31C, 32E,34C. rooms; assists volunteer staff; meets & greets visitors. 2 Prepares periodic activity reports; vehicle 13A, 30C, 31C, 32C, 33B, operational reports; equipment maintenance 34B. reports; weekly progress reports and others as required. List Position Numbers and Claim Titles of Positions supervised. SIGNATURE OF AGENCY REPRESENTATIVE DATE If more than eight, list total only. ADM 4107 (Rev.5-75) B3 AGENCY POSITION OHIO DEPARTMENT OF Ohio Dept. of Natural Resources ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICES DIVISION OR INSTITUTION Natural Areas & Preserves DESCRIPTION PERSONNEL DIVISION UNIT OR OFFICE Old Woman Creek Do not write in shaded area State Agency County Agency New Position Change COUNTY OF EMPLOYMENT Erie USUAL WORKING TITLE OF POSITION POSITION NO. AND TITLE OF IMMEDIATE SUPERVISOR Laboratory Technician NORMAL WORKING HOURS(Explain unusual or rotating shift) 6334.0 Sanctuary Biologist FROM 8: 00 a.m. To 5:00 p.m. JOB DESCRIPTION AND WORKER CHARACTERISTICS % Job Duties in order of Importance Minimum Acceptable Characteristics 90 Assists sanctuary biologist with surveying and 10, 18 Aquatic biology, monitoring estuary biota; collects samples; con- 28 Basic Lab. Equipment, ducts routine:laboratory tests; maintains data 30c, 31c, 32c, 33d, 34c, 35a. records; conducts bi-weekly field surveys; studies comparative food habits of selected fish species. 5 Assists with special educational field activities; 10, 18 Aquatic.Biology; 28 prepares exhibits; collects specimens; conducts Lab. Equipment, 30c, 31c, facilities tours; demonstrates laboratory testing 32c, 33d, 34c, 35a. techniques. 5 Assists.with visitor center duties; greets visitors; 10, 30c, 31c, 32c, 33d, 34b, answers inquiries, interprets exhibits; performs 35a. maintenance and housekeeping chores. DATE List Position Numbers and Class Titles of position supervised. SIGNATURE OF AGENCY REPRESENTATIVE If more than eight, list totals only. ADM 4107 (Rev. 5.75) B4 AGENCY OHIO DEPARTMENT OF Ohio Dept. of Natural Resources POSITION ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICES DIVISION OR INSTITUTION Natural Areas & Preserves DESCRIPTION PERSONNEL DIVISION UNIT OR OFFICE 01d Woman Creek Do not write in shaded area COUNTY OF EMPLOYMENT State Agency County Agency New Position Change Erie USUAL WORKING TITLE OF POSITION POSITION NO. AND TITLE OF IMMEDIATE SUPERVISOR Education Coordinator r 6490. 0 Preserve.Manager NORMAL WORKING HOURS (Explain unusual or rotating shift) FROM 8:00 a.m. TO: 5: 00 p.m. JOB DESCRIPTION AND WORKER CHARACTERISTICS % Job Duties In order of Importance Minimum Acceptable Characteristics 30 Assists manager with.public programming: conducts 10, 18 Natural History, interpretive tours; conducts ecological awareness 30d, 31c, 32e, 33e, 34d, 35a. walks;assists with special estuarine-related educational programs; assists with leader and teacher workshops. 20 Develops programs; creates program materials; develops 30e, 31c, 32c,33e, 34c, 35a. hands-on activities & follow-up materials; develops educational materials, resource reference files. 20 Performs visitor center tasks; greets visitors, con- 10, 18 Natural History, 25, ducts tours of center; answers inquiries; schedules 30e, 31c, 32c, 33d, 34c, 35a. programs; types files; maintains exhibits; performs housekeeping tasks. 20 Maintains research library; develops acquisition 30d, 32d, 33d, 34c. lists for publications; inventories publications; maintains card tile. 5 Assists with field surveys and monitoring as necessary.18 Aquatic biology, 30d, 32d, 33c, 35a. 5 Performs various custodial duties; maintains grounds, 10, 30a, 32c, 34b, 35a. buildings, trails and other public use facilities as necessary. List Position Numbers and Class Titles of position supervised. SIGNATURE OF AGENCY REPRESENTATIVE. DATE DATE If more than eight, list totals only. ADM 4107 (Rev.5-75) B5 APPENDIX C CHECKLIST FOR VOLUNTEERS 1. Application for Volunteer Service (NAPV-1) 2. Volunteer Employee Personal Data Sheet (NAPV-2) 3. Personal Services/Volunteer Personnel Data Sheet 4. Agreement of Volunteer Status (NAPV-3) 5. Waiver of Liability A. Commimity Volunteer and Release from Liability (NAPV-6) B. Student Volunteer.- Waiverland Release (Discontinue the use of this form) C. Minor Participant - Waiver of Liability and Assumption of All Risks - Parent/Guardian Consent (NAPV-7) D. Waiver of Liability and Assumntion of All Risks * C. & D. are used for volunteer special work projects, i.e., Audubon and Sierra Clubs (NAPV-8) 6. Job Description - A short description of job duties written on a sheet of paper 7. Volunteer Employee Time Report (NAPV-4) *Completed and kept on file in Central Office by Supervisor B. Volunteer Performance Evaluation (NAPV-5) *Completed whenever desired but at least once a year 9. Potential Liability of State Supervisory Personnel *For vour information 10. Volunteer Interview Guide *For your help and Quidance in interviewinq potential volunteers *OrizinAl of Number 1, 2, 3 4, 5c, 5d, 6, 7, & 8 are kept in a Central Office file but copies can be retained at local sites. It is most efficient when Numbers 1 thru 6 are mailed to the Central Office as package rather than piecemeal. Cl OHIO DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES DIVISION OF NATURAL AREAS AND PRESERVES COMMUNITY VOLUNTEER PROGRAM -- YOUR STAKE IN THE FUTURE Fron the natural areas inventorying efforts of the 1950's to the enact- ment of the Natural Areas Preservation Act of 1970, the natural areas movement in Ohio has historically been spearheaded by concerned and dedicated individuals and organizations. It is in that spirit of community involvement that the Ohio Division of Natural Areas and Preserves Community Volunteer Program has been forged. WHO MAY APPLY? Anyone 16 years of age and older who wants to take an active part in pre- serving Ohio's few remaining high quality natural areas and scenic rivers is encouraged to apply. The Ohio Division of Natural Areas and Preserves has a place for qualified individuals who want to make a personal commitment to help preserve and protect our natural heritage for the enjoyment and use of this as well as future generations. Participants are encouraged to volunteer from a few hours of their time each week to a full time commitment. Or, they may elect to participate intermittently for short-term organized group projects. Whichever the case, there may be a place for you in this worthwhile program, WHY VOLUNTEER? The Natural Areas and Preserves Community Volunteer Program offers you an excellent opportunity to become directly involved in Ohio's natural areas and scenic rivers programs, not as a spectator, but rather as an active and vital participant. As a volunteer member of a top-notch team of professionals, volunteer employees not only make a significant impact on the program as a whole, but also develop new skills, gain new knowledge, receive job experience, make new friends, tackle new challenges and have fun in the process. Volunteer employees are also entitled to a number of benefits under the charitable contri- butions provisions of the Internal Revenue Code. SOME TYPICAL JOBS Volunteers may participate in all phases of the natural areas program. They are limited only by their willingness to serve. Opportunities include working side by side with the natural areas staff specialists in such areas as habitat management, plant and animal inventory, research, enforcement, planning, real estate, scenic rivers coordination, maintenance and construction, and interpretive programming. There are many opportunities in each of these major areas where your particular talents and concerns can be utilized. HOW TO APPLY Simply fill out the form in this brochure and return it to the Ohio Division of Natural Areas and Preserves, Fountain Square, Building F, Columbus, Ohio 43224. Or, contact the preserve manager or scenic river coordinator nearest you. Be sure to indicate any special areas of interest in which you wish to be involved and/or specific skills you are willing to share. NOTIFICATION Once your application is received, it will be directed to whichever administrator might best utilize your services based on the information contained within the application. The administrator in turn, will review your application to help determine if and how we can best use you. You will then be contacted within 14 days to arrange for an interview. At the conclusion of this interview, a determination will be made concerning whether or not to formally enroll you in the program based on what positions are open, and your availability as well as your interests and skills. If you are selected, a formal agreement will be entered into between you and the Ohio Department of Natural Resources. C2 OHIO DIVISION OF NATURAL AREAS AND PRESERVES APPLICATION FOR VOLUNTEER SERVICE NAME S.S.# DATE OF BIRTH TELEPHONE Home Bus. ADDRESS IF UNDER 18 YEARS OF AGE, GIVE NAME OF PARENT OR GUARDIAN TELEPHONE NUMBER ADDRESS NAME AND TELEPHONE NUMBER OF PERSON TO NOTIFY IN CASE OF EMERGENCY INDICATE CATEGORY OF VOLUNTEER ASSIGNMENT DESIRED Student Internship Short-term Projects On-going Assignments CIRCLE HIGHEST LEVEL OF EDUCATION COMPLETED: ELEMENTARY: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 HIGH SCHOOL: 9 10 11 12 COLLEGE: 1 2 3 4 5 6 LIST SPECIAL QUALIFICATIONS AND SKILLS BRIEFLY DESCRIBE PAST AND PRESENT EMPLOYMENT: ARE YOU PRESENTLY COVERED BY HEALTH INSURANCE? YES NO LIST ANY PHYSICAL LIMITATIONS: DO YOU HAVE A VALID OHIO DRIVER'S LICENSE? YES NO INDICATE VOLUNTEER WORK INTERESTS: ANIMAL SURVEYS PUBLIC PROGRAMMING REAL ESTATE CLERICAL LANDOWNER CONTACT SCENIC RIVERS DATA MAPPING MASTER PLANNING SPECIAL GROUP PROJECT ENFORCEMENT NATURAL AREAS EVALUATION STREAM MONITORING HABITAT MANAGEMENT PLANT SURVEYS OTHERS (Specify) PUBLICATIONS INDICATE WORK SITE PREFERRED (CENTRAL OFFICE, PRESERVE, SCENIC RIVER, REGION OF STATE, ETC.) DATE OF AVAILABILITY: CIRCLE DAY(S) OF WEEK OF AVAILABILITY & SHOW HOURS: DAYS: SUNDAY MONDAY TUESDAY WEDNESDAY THURSDAY FRIDAY SATURDAY HOURS: SIGNATURE DATE C3 NAPV-6 COMMUNITY VOLUNTEER AND RELEASE FROM LIABILITY In consideration of being allowed to do work as a volunteer on any land owned or administered by the Ohio Department of Natural Resources or on any projects in which the Department is participating, I hereby voluntarily assume all risks of accident or injury and hereby release the Department from all liability for personal injury or damage of any kind sustained in association with such volunteer work, whether such personal injury damage is caused by the negligence of the Department and its employees and officers, myself or otherwise. SIGNATURE DATE NA14E PRINTED WITNESS C4 APPENDIX D OLD WOMAN CREEK ADVISORY COUNCIL Council members' terms established on April 1, 1982 Local Government Agency William Phillips Berlin Township Zoning Inspector Planning Sub-committee (3 year term) Natural Areas Council Bert L. Szabo, Chief Naturalist Representative Akron Metropolitan Parks and Secretary, Natural Areas Council (2 year term) Local or Statewide Charles Corbeil, Sr. Public Interest Group The Nature Conservancy and Firelands Audubon Society (l year term) Marcia Goff League of Women Voters (3 year term) Agricultural Institution Floren James Representative Retired County Extension Agent Erie Co. (2 year term) Great.Lakes Research Dr. Charles E. Herdendorf, Director Institution Center for Lake Erie Area Research (2 year term) Ohio Educational Dr. Ken Hille, Professor of Biology Institutions Bowling Green State University Firelands College (3 year term) Dr. David Culver, Zoologist The Ohio State University (1 year term) Local Landowner Mrs. Marilyn L. Hooper Oberlin Beach Association (1 year term) Dl SANCTUARY ADVISORY COUNCIL COMMITTEES Policy.Committee Marilyn L. Hooper Charles Corbeil, Sr. Richard E. Moseley, Jr., Chief, Division of Natural Areas & Preserves Management Committee Floren James William Phillips William Loebick, Field Supervisor (DNAP) Gene Wright, Sanctuary Manager Education Committee Bert L. Szabo Marcia Goff Linda Feix, Education Specialist Research Committee Dr. David Culver Dr. Charles E. Herdendorf Dr. Ken Hille Dr. David Klarer, Sanctuary Ecologist D2 APPENDIX E Ohio Department of Natural Resources Division of Natural Areas & Preserves OLD WOMAN CREEK ESTUARY ACCESS PERMIT Permission is hereby granted for the purpose of on (date) at Old Woman Creek State Nature Preserve from to Car: make/model: License No.: Valid canoe registration: Yes No Personal flotation devices:Yes No Number of people: Issued to: Name Address Telephone No. I hereby agree to comply with all rules and regulations established for Interpretive State Nature Preserves. My canoe is currently registered and contains sufficient Coast Guard approved personal flotation devices and required safety gear for each passenger. Signature Date/Time Issued by: Date El APPENDIX F APPENDIX C CHECKLIST FOR VOLUNTEERS 1. Application for Volunteer Service (NAPV-1) 2. Volunteer Employee Personal Data Sheet (NAPV-2) 3. Personal Services/Volunteer Personnel Data Sheet 4. Agreement of Volunteer Status (NAPV-3) 5. Waiver of Liability A. Commimity Volunteer and Release from Liability (NAPV-6) B. Student Volunteer.- Waiver@and Release (Discontinue the use of this form) C. Minor Participant - Waiver of Liability and Assumption of All Risks - Parent/Guardian Consent (NAPV-7) D. Waiver of Liability and Assum-ntion of All Risks * C. & D. are used for volunteer special work projects, i.e., Audubon and Sierra Clubs (NAPV-8) 6. Job Description - A short description of job duties written on a sheet of paper 7. Volunteer Employee Time Report (NAPV-4) *Completed and kept on file in Central Office by Supervisor 8. Volunteer Performance Evaluation (NAPV-5) *Completed whenever desired but at least once a year 9. Potential Liability of State Supervisory Personnel *For vour information 10. Volunteer Interview Guide *For your help and ouidance in interviewinq potential volunteers *OrieinAl of Nu-ber 1, 2, 3 4, 5c, 5d, 6, 7, & 8 are kept in a Central Office file but copies can be retained at local sites. It is most efficient when Numbers 1 thru 6 are mailed to the Central Office as package rather than piecemeal. Cl OHIO DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES DIVISION OF NATURAL AREAS AND PRESERVES COMMUNITY VOLUNTEER PROGRAM -- YOUR STAKE IN THE FUTURE Fron the natural areas inventorying efforts of the 1950's to the enact ment of the Natural Areas Preservation Act of 1970, the natural areas movement in Ohio has historically been spearheaded by concerned and dedicated individuals and organizations. It is in that spirit of community involvement that the Ohio Division of Natural Areas and Preserves Community Volunteer Program has been forged. WHO MAY APPLY? Anyone 16 years of age and older who wants to take an active part in pre- serving Ohio's few remaining high quality natural areas and scenic rivers is encouraged to apply. The Ohio Division of Natural Areas and Preserves has a place for qualified individuals who want to make a personal commitment to help preserve and protect our natural heritage for the enjoyment and use of this as well as future generations. Participants are encouraged to volunteer from a few hours of their time each week to a full time commitment. Or, they may elect to participate intermittently for short-term organized group projects. Whichever the case, there may be a place for you in this worthwhile program. WHY VOLUNTEER? The Natural Areas and Preserves Community Volunteer Program offers you an excellent opportunity to become directly involved in Ohio's natural areas and scenic rivers programs, not as a spectator, but rather as an active and vital participant. As a volunteer member of a top-notch team of professionals, volunteer employees not only make a significant impact on the program as a whole, but also develop new skills, gain new knowledge, receive job experience, make new friends, tackle new challenges and have fun in the process. Volunteer employees are also entitled to a number of benefits under the charitable contri- butions provisions of the Internal Revenue Code. SOME TYPICAL JOBS Volunteers may participate in all phases of the natural areas program. They are limited only by their willingness to serve. Opportunities include working side by side with the natural areas staff specialists in such areas as habitat management, plant and animal inventory, research, enforcement, planning, real estate, scenic rivers coordination, maintenance and construction, and interpretive programming. There are many opportunities in each of these major areas where your particular talents and concerns can be utilized. HOW TO APPLY Simply fill out the form in this brochure and return it to the Ohio Division of Natural Areas and Preserves, Fountain Square, Building F, Columbus, Ohio 43224. Or, contact the preserve manager or scenic river coordinator nearest you. Be sure to indicate any special areas of interest in which you wish to be involved and/or specific skills you are willing to share. NOTIFICATION Once your application is received, it will be directed to whichever administrator might best utilize your services based on the information contained within the application. The administrator in turn, will review your application to help determine if and how we can best use you. You will then be contacted within 14 days to arrange for an interview. At the conclusion of this interview, a determination will be made concerning whether or not to formally enroll you in the program based on what positions are open, and your availability as well as your interests and skills. If you are selected, a formal agreement will be entered into between you and the Ohio Department of Natural Resources. C2 OHIO DIVISION OF NATURAL AREAS AND PRESERVES APPLICATION FOR VOLUNTEER SERVICE NA14E S.S.# DATE OF BIRTH TELEPHONE Home - Bus. - ADDRESS IF UNDER 18 YEARS OF AGE, GIVE NAME OF PARENT OR GUARDIAN TELEPHONE NUMBER ADDRESS FIAME AND TELEPHONE NUMBER OF PERSON TO NOTIFY IN CASE OF EMERGENCY INDICATE CATEGORY OF VOLUNTEER ASSIGNMENT DESIRED Student Internship Short-term Projects On-going Assignments CIRCLE HIGHEST LEVEL OF EDUCATION COMPLETED, ELEMENTARY: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 HIGH SCHOOL: 9 10 11 12 COLLEGE: 1 2 3 4 5 6 LIST SPECIAL QUALIFICATIONS AND SKILLS BRIEFLY DESCRIBE PAST AND PRESENT EMPLOYMENT- ARE YOU PRESENTLY COVERED BY HEALTH INSURANCE? YES NO LIST ANY PHYSICAL LIMITATIONS: DO YOU HAVE A VALID OHIO DRIVER'S LICENSE? YES NO INDICATE VOLUNTEER WORK INTERESTS: ANIMAL SURVEYS PUBLIC PROGRA14MING REAL ESTATE CLERICAL LANDOWNER CONTACT SCENIC RIVERS DATA MAPPING MASTER PLANNING SPECIAL GROUP PROJECT ENFORCEMENT NATURAL AREAS EVALUATION STREAM MONITORING HABITAT MANAGEMENT PLANT SURVEYS OTHERS (Specify) PUBLICATIONS INDICATE WORK SITE PREFERRED (CENTRAL OFFICE, PRESERVE, SCENIC RIVER, REGION OF STATE, ETC.) DATE OF AVAILABILITY: CIRCLE DAY(S) OF WEEK OF AVAILABILITY & SHOW HOURS: DAYS: SUNDAY MONDAY TUESDAY WEDNESDAY THURSDAY FRIDAY SATURDAY HOURS: SIGNATURE DATE C3 NAPV-6 CONMUNITY VOLUNTEER AND RELEASE FROM LIABILITY In consideration of being allowed to do work as a volunteer on any land owned or adminisi-ered by the Ohio Department of Natural Resources or on any projects in which the Department is participating, I hereby voluntarily assume all risks of accident or injury and hereby release the Department from all liability for personal injury or damage of any kind sustained in association with such volunteer work, whether such personal injury damage is caused by the negligence of the Department and its employees and officers, myself or otherwise. SIGNATURE DATE NAME PRINTED WITNESS C4 APPENDIX D OLD WOMAN CREEK ADVISORY COUNCIL Council members' terms established on April 1, 1982 Local Government Agency William Phillips Berlin Township Zoning Inspector Planning Sub-committee (3 year term) Natural Areas Council Bert L. Szabo, Chief Naturalist Representative Akron Metropolitan Parks and Secretary, Natural Areas Council (2 year term) Local or Statewide Charles Corbeil, Sr. Public Interest Group The Nature Conservancy and Firelands Audubon Society (1 year term) Marcia Goff League of Women Voters (3 year term) Agricultural Institution Floren James Representative Retired County Extension Agent Erie Co. (2 year term) Great Lakes Research Dr. Charles E. Herdendorf, Director Institution Center for Lake Erie Area Research (2 year term) Ohio Educational Dr. Ken Hille, Professor of Biology Institutions Bowling Green State University Firelands College year term) Dr. David Culver, Zoologist The Ohio State University (1 year term) Local Landowner Mrs. Marilyn L. Hooper Oberlin Beach Association (1 year term) D1 SANCTUARY ADVISORY COUNCIL COMMITTEES Policy Committee Marilyn L. Hooper Charles Corbeil, Sr. Richard E. Moseley, Jr., Chief, Division of Natural Areas & Preserves Management Committee@, Floren James William Phillips William Loebick, Field Supervisor (DNAP) Gene Wright, Sanctuary Manager Education Committee Bert L. Szabo Marcia Goff Linda Feix, Education Specialist Research Committee Dr. David Culver Dr. Charles E. Herdendorf Dr. Ken Hille Dr. David Klarer, Sanctuary Ecologist D2 APPENDIX E I i Ohio Department of Natural Resources Division of Natural Areas & Preserves OLD WOMAN CREEK ESTUARY ACCESS PERMIT Permission is hereby granted for the purpose of on (date) at Old Woman Creek State Nature Preserve from to Car: make/model: License No.: Valid canoe registration: Yes No Personal flotation devices-Yes No Number of people: Issued to: Name Address Telephone No. I hereby agree to comply with all rules and regulations established for Interpretive State Nature Preserves. My canoe is currently registered and contains sufficient Coast Guard approved personal flotation devices and required safety gear for each passenger. Signature Date/Time Issued by: Date El I APPENDIX F I J i i I . 1@ OF,@Co+ 4r "'. 1 .0 fu a in X" 4116 1 @po S).qr,E ov @@ I NO 111111110, 3 6668 00000 5134 lwo@i i