    [From the U.S. Government Printing Office, www.gpo.gov]

                      00        @e

                                               COASTAL ZONE

                                            INFORMATION CENTER

                                   RECOMMENDATIONS FOR A

                        MAINE NATURAL AREAS DATA MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

             Ln

                                        Preparedby

                                    Joseph M. Chaisson.
              Q5

                                          for the

                               Data.Management Subcommittee

                          Maine Land and Water Resources Council

                                       January 1987

                  Financial assistance for preparation of this document
                  was provided by the State Planning Office from Maine-s
                  Coastal Program through funding provided by the U.S.
                  Department of Commerce, Office of Ocean & *Coastal
                  Resource Management, under the Coastal Zone Management
                  Act of .1972, as amended.

                QH
                76.5
                M2
                C5
                1987

              TABLE OF CONTENTS

                                                                         page

              Executive Summary                                             I

              Introduction                                                .3

              Natural Area Programs                                         5

                   Critical Areas Program                                   5

                   Endangered and Nongame  Wildlife Program

                   The Nature Conservancy  Heritage Program               11

                   Maine Coast Heritage Trust                             14

              Problems and Opportunities                                  14

              Findings

              Proposed Maine Natural Areas Data Management System         I(?

              Appendices:

                A" Pe rsons interviewed

                B. Rep@orts reviewed

                C. File descriptions - Critical Areas Program

                D. File descriptions - The Nature Conservancy   Heritage
                   Program

                E. File descriptions - Endangered and Nongame   Wildlife Program

             EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

             Three current programs focus on conservation of significant Maine
             natural areas:

                   Maine Critical Areas Program (CAP)
                   Maine Endangered and Nongame Wildlife Program (ENWP)
                   The Nature Conservancy Heritage Program

             The Maine Coast Heritage Trust is also concerned with natural
             areas conservatic-,    but does not produce nRtUral areas data and
             is primarily concerned with scenic resource conservation.

             A review o  + natural areas data management systems and needs of
             these programs found the following:

                 * Few resources are allocated to data management in any
                   program; most.resources are allocated to production of new
                   data or to conservation activities; data production and
                   management   is well coordinated among the three major-
                   programs,

                 * Basic natural areas data file StrLkCtUre in all'programs is
                   quite similar and all organizations operate in an IBM-
                   compatible PC computer environment,

                 * The TNC Heritage.Program is the only fully developed and
                   operational natural areas data management system within
                   Maine natural areas conservation programs;

                 * The TNC Heritage Program natural areas data management
                   system is well' developed and documented, is jointly operated
                   by TNC and state government in 46 states, and interfaces
                   with national and international natural areas conservation
                   programs;

                 * About 4Q*Z. of CAP natural areas data is already entered into
                   TNC's Herit 'age Prograin data base which is easily capable of
                   current and contemplated OAF' data retrieval and analysis
                   requirements,

                 * D-Base III (used by TNC) and R-Base System V which has been
                   chosen as the Department of IF&W "standard" data base
                   management software are quite similar and compatible. data
                   base management systems that run on IBM-compatible MS-DOS
                   personal Computers; R-Base System V can read and write D-
                   Base III files;

    r-           * The ENWP has much larger files than either TNC or the CAP,
                   and also has substantially more sophisticated data analysis
                   reqUirements;

                 * The major problem with current natural areas data management
                   systems is that it is difficult to easily or efficiently
                   determine the presence of all significant areas that have

                    been 'identified. by all three conservation programs within
                    any  given geographic area 11or example within or     nearby a
                    proposed development project or within a town);

                  * Compatible automation of natural areas data within all three
                    natural areas conservation programs is an effective pre-
                    requisite to economical p  rodUCtion of a text index, and    map
                    series for natural areas data;

                  * Because it is Well suited to CAP needs and Much CAP d'ata has
                    already been entered into the TNIC Heritage Program data
                    base, the best and most economical Way to automate CAP data
                    is to enter remaining CAP' data into the TNC data base and
                    obtain a full set of CAP files from TNC;

                  * Automation of both CAP and ENWP data necessary to prepare
                    indextes and maps for significant natural areas will reqUi're
                    supplemental 'funding   if such indexes and maps are to be
                    produced in a timely fashion.

              Based upon these findings, t'he -following actions are recommended.,-

                 1. compatible automation of CAP, TNC. ENWP, and MCHT natural
                    areas site data; and

                 2. preparation, distribution, and periodic updating of an index
                    and map series to facilitate access to appropriate natural
                    areas site information of use to land managers/owners and
                    individuals and organizations involved in the land use
                    planning and development process.

              Estimated total costs (beyond current program resources) of these
              recommendations are:

                  * One-time, "start-LIP" Costs               $754,095

                  * Annual costs                                  $950

                                                 2

               INTRODUCTION

               The   purpose of this project is to analyze             and    develop
               recommendations for ;a natural A-reas data management system for
               the Maine Land and Water Resources Council. To do so, the
               following natural Areas conservation programs were e.valuated:

                    * Maine Critical Areas Program (CAP)
                    * Maine Endangered and Nongame Wildlife Program (ENWP)
                    * The Nature Conservancy Heritage Program (TNC)
                    * The Maine Coast Heritage Trust (MCHT)

               The  following   issues were addressed in L-ValUatinq 4C. h e a b ov e
               programs:

                 1. What data do the above agencies collect and how are they
                    Currently managing it?

                 2. Who are the major users of natural +eatUres information?
                    (emphasis on State and local agencies)

                 3. What are the types of management issues for which users need
                    data and in what format is it most use+ ul ?

                 4. What requirements should the software and hardware of a
                    system meet?
                 5. @o w well does the Nature Conservancy-s system meet these
                    needs? Should it or another system be adapted or developed
                    for state use and where shOUld it be housed in order to make
                    data readily accessible to users?

                 6. What is the cost to the State to maintain a COMPUteriZed
                    natural Areas data base?

               This project was conducted for the Data Management Subcommittee
               of the Maine Land & Water Resources Council. Specified natural
               areas conservation programs and their data management needs were
               reviewed in detail.      Natural areas data users outside the
               specified programs were interviewed to determine their Current
               and potential needs for natural areas information (see list o+
               persons interviewed in Appendix A). Previous studies addressina
               natural resources data management in Maine were revie0ed (see
               list in Appendi@, B).

               The first part of this report describes objectives and data
               management needs of specified natural areas programs. The second
               part   discusses natural areas data management problems and
               opportunities; and the third part presents recommen@ations -for a
               L&WRC   natural    areas. data    management    system.     Back-.ground
               information of various types is included in Appendices to this
               report.

               For purposes of this report "natural areas" are defined as sites
               important to the conservation of plant or animal species or

                                                 3

              geo1bgic conditions of national, state, or local    significance.

              This   report,   concludes -that while     Substantially     improved
              ---A cc ess ibility to natural areas data f Or users Outside State
              government is desirable, current natural areas program data
              management plans are already moving towards an             effective,
              compatible data system. The report recommends a number of
              specific actions (building upon current data management plans)
              that should create a Substantially improved State natural areas
              data management system.

                                                4

              MAINE NATURAL AREAS PROGRAMS

              Maine Critical Areas Proaram:

                    The Maine Critical Areas Program (CAP)'is authorized by
                    5 MRSA Sections         - 3315 and housed within the Maine
                    State Planninq Office. The CAP legislation charges the SPO
                    with -zk number a+ specific tasks:

                         Compiling the Register of Critical Areas,          statewide
                                        -a --- ;-o
                         inventory and n auth ritative listing of the natural,
                         scenic    and scientific areas of overriding           state
                         interest",.

                         to "establish and   maintain the official list of native
                         endangered and threatened plants of the state, the
                         Official List of Endanaered Plants; and

                         to  "develop and maintain the official list of Heritage
                         Coastal    Areas",    which are     are-as contain3.ng    an
                         assemblage of     geological,    botanical,     zoological,
                         historical or scenic features of exceptional state or
                         nationwide existence".

                    The  CAP Statute further states that "the best ways to
                    accomplish the [Critical Areas Program] objectives are
                    through continued implementation of the state's land use
                    laws which guide and control development in all areas of the
                    state, including those listed in the [Register of Critical
                    Areas]", "authorizes the 'State Planning Office to work with
                    interested landowners on voluntary conservation of these
                    areas" '. and states that "features identified within Heritage
                    Coastal  Areas shall be protected on      a Voluntary basis",
                    directing that "Government agencies at all levels shall
                    consider the importance of protecting the character of
                    Heritage Coastal areas in land use control and other actions
                    which they take".

                    The CAP has established detailed internal procedures for
    40-             preparing the Register o+ Critical Areas. These procedures
                    have involved establishing five separate but related files
                    a+ natural sites:

                       * The Register of Critical Areas",
                       * Qualified But Not Registered Critical Areas",
                       * Nominated Critical Areas",
                       * Field-chect.-:ed-potential critical areas, and
                       * The Natural Areas Inventory.

                    Another   "file" of sorts containing Unchec@.-.*ed   "leads" to
                    potential critical areas'exists. A considerable number of
                    text reports containing much information about potential
                    critical area topics and sites have been prepared and
                    distributed as part of the process of compiling the Register

                                                 5

                    of Critical Areas.

                    The CAP is Currently developing procedures for preparing the
                    "Official State List of Endangered Plants" and identifying
                    and listing "Heritage Coastal Areas". It is anticipated that
                    The "Official State List of Endangered Plants" will have
                    f our Subcategories and will include all species      currently
                    identified on the CAP compiled List of Rare Vascular Plants.

                    The CAP periodically undertakes such related activities ---As
                    maintaining   files    from thf7 Maine Rivers      Study    ind
                    Undertaking the    .'Organized Community"   lakes   StUdy,     Ek
                    counterpart to the recent LURC Lakes Study for --Areas Outside
                    LURC jurisdiction.

                    V':ey existing and prospective CAP data files are described in
                    Table A; sample records from @.-:ey -Files are presented in
                    Appendix C. Sites on the Register of Critical, Are-As, and
                    liStS Of Qualified BUt Not Nominated Critical Areas and
                    Nominated Critical Areas are located in A map +ile of best
                    available USGS topographic maps (7.5' or 15"). Field-checked
                    potential critical areas are not located on these maps.

                    The CAP has established informal procedures +Or use of CAP
                    data by DEP, LURC, DOT, TNC, IF&W and the MCHT. Most CAP
                    data files are manual, with the exception of the obsolete
                    Natural Areas Inventory, a text file of entries in the
                    Register of Critical Areas, and a Knowledgeman file of a
                    portion of the Register o+ Critical Areas. Currently,       CAP
                    data   is   not widely used in Community planning           and
                    development review Outside of state government, primarily
                    because it is not easily obtained.

                    CAP staff estimate they spend 4(--)% of their time    responding
                    to  information  requests.   Information requests    a r c@?  about
                    evenly divided between requests related in some way to
                    conservation of    specific natural areas end requests of      a
                    general "natural history" nature. Between iO and 20 requests
                    for information are received each year from             regional
                    planning commissions and less than five per year from towns.
                    Automation Of CAP natural area files (Registered, UUali-fied
                    bUt Not Registered, Nominated, and Field-chec@::ed Areas)
                    could improve CAP staf+ productivity in responding -to
                    information requests,' and if Such files were compatible with
                    -files held by the other natural areas conservation programs,
                    retrieval and analysis of information across these programs
                    would become feasible. This could greatly facilitate such
                    CAP responsibilities as identifying Heritage Coastal Areas
                    and facilitating CAP natural area data use in the public
                    "land use control" process.

                    The annual CAP budget is about $114,CD00. Federal funding
                    typically supports about 70% of the CAP budget. It is
                    estimated that well Under,.10% of the CAP budget is allocated
                    to data management.

                                                6

                    Table A
                    Critical Areas Program Data Files

                    -----------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                # records # records
                    __n;-kmL=                  format           Current          planned           comments
                      ---------------------------------------------------------------
                    Register o+
                    Critical Areas               di5c(l)        580              +27'O/yr.

                    QUali+ied But
                    Not Registered
                    Critical Areas               manual         5 2'             +5/vr.'

                    Critical Areas                                                                locates areas
                    Locations                    map (2)                                          in above +iles

                    Nominated
                    Critical Areas               manual         1-75

                    Fi el d-chec@---.ed
                    Potential
                    Critical Areas               manual         1250

                    Leads to                                                                      various +orms:
                    Potential                                   several                           letters, tel.
                    Critical Areas               manual.        hundred                           conv. notes

                    Natural Areas                               about                             last updated
                    Inventory                  mag. tape        1500                              in 10180

                    List     o+     Rare                        about                             annual update
                    Vascular Plants              m;-:k n ua, 1  3100                              by rNC/(-'AP

                    Nat'ional Natural
                    Landmarks                    manual         1 FS

                    State                                                                         not compiled;
                    Endangered                                                                    will have 4
                    P1 ants                                                      about 300        categories

                    Heritage
                    Coastal                                                                       not yet
                    Areas                                                                         compiled
                             (3)
                    Lakes                                                                         not compiled;
                                                                                                  similar to
                                                                                                  LURC inventory
                              (3)
                    Rivers                    manual                                              back'.-Up +ileS
                                                                                                  +rom Maine
                                                                                                  Rivers Study
                                  --------------------------------------------------------
                    Notes:

                                                                     7

                  (1)   The critical ---Areas register was placed in Wang word-
                        processing files when originally established. When the SPO
                        converted       from Wang wordprocessing equipment to                        IBM-
                        compatible work stations, the Wang text file of CAP register
                        entries was converted to an IBM readable text file. A
                        portion     of   this text        file    MER S  Subsequently placed           i n
                        a K'nowledgeman data. base system file. Conversion of data
                        from the ISM-comp,-Atible text file to the @;:*nowledgeman file
                        requires considerable new work on each entry. CAP program
                        staff have not experimented with the portion o-               -f the Critical.
                        Areas Registg@- that has been placed in i @::@nowledgeman file.

                  (2:1) Areas are located an 7.5 quadrangles where available.,
                        otherwise on 15' quadrangles.

                  (3)   These files were or will be              prepared in cooperation with
                        other L&WRC agencies.

                  Endanggngd and Ngngame Wildlife Program:

                        The Maine Endangered and Nongame Wildlife Program (ENWP) was
                        established in 1984 by the Department of Inland Fisheries:-
                        and Wildlife (IF&W).. the agency responsible for managing _And
                        protecting all wildli-fe species in Maine. Goals of the ENWP
                        are     to maintain or enhance Maine's nongame                         wildlife
                        populations, to ensure a continuation of Current levels of
                        wildlife diversity and abundance, and to increase Public
                        enjoyment of nongame species. Nongame wildlife includes all.
                        unconfined terrestrial, freshwater, and saltwater species
                        which are not ordinarily collected, captured, or killed for
                        sport or profit. In addition, the ENWP is specifically
                        charged       by    Statute       to     "Maintain a         list     of      i-A.11
                        species   .... designated            to       be         endangered             or
                        threatened    .... specifying over what portion of its range each
                        species so designated is endangered or threatened". The
                        ENWP is Supported by Voluntary contributions to                               the
                        Endangered and Nongame checkoff on Maine's income tax return
                        as well as other state, federal, and private funds and
                        volunteer resources.             Upon being established, the ENWP
                        assumed responsibility for a number of previous                              IF'iW
                        programs concerned with management of specific species and
                        habitats, including the Bald Eagle, Piping PloVer, Peregrine
                        Falcon, and sea-bird nesting islands.

                        One difference between the ENWP and both CAP and TNC is that
                        it is charged with conserving both rare and common non-game.
                        species,       while these other natural area programs are
                        oriented towards conservation of rare features.

                        The ENWP inherited data files from previously existing
                        wildlife programs it took over. These files are described in
                        Table 8 (sample records of key files are presented in
                        Appendix F). The ENWP will design a new data base and file
                        StrUCtLtre to Support long-term program needs and is waiting
                        for the results of this study to do so. Both existing files

                    and  new data will be incorporated into the new ENWP data
                    base. Both Current and prospective ENWP data -files are based
                    upon three basic record types:

                         species OCCUrrance records (species type, date of
                         observation,, location, abundance, etc.),

                         information   on sites of certain species Occurrence
                         observations  (for example, geographic location, bounds,
                         elevation, cover-type, ownership, etc. for a seabird
                         nesting island'), and

                         areas    Of    concentration    of   species     Occurrence
                         observations   (for example as mapped in the current
                         Penobscot Bay  Coastal Habitat Inventory).

                    ENWP activities will involve the preparation (over time)     and
                    updating of management plans for most threatened             and
                    endangered wildlife species. Preparation of -these? plans
                    requires long-term collection and considerable analysis of
                    species- Occurrence records. Specific ENWP data analysis
                    requirements include statistical tests, modeling of wildli-fe.
                    Populations and habitats, investigating different aspects of
                    population dynamics, and in-depth investigation of radio-
                    telemetry and biological data. The ENWP also plans to
                    identify   and    prepare   management recommendations       for
                    critical Maine ecosystems essential to conservation of
                    threateneds endangered, and common nongame wildlife species.
                    Together these program needs require a much larger data base
                    and considerably more sophisticated data analysis -than
                    Occurs within the Critical Areas Program and TNC Heritage
                    Program.

                    The Department of IF&W recently conducted a comprehensive
                    Study Of its data processing needs (the Compumed Study),
                         t 4
                    resul @ng in Departmental policies to decentralize Much data
                    processing,     adopt   IBM-compatible    Pc:,s   @"R:S  standard
                    wor@---.stations, and select R-Base System V as standard data
                    management software. R-Base System V was selected over D-
                    Base IIIbecause it is somewhat more "user friendly" while
                    having essentially the same capabilities.

                    The ENWP has requested permission to obtain an IBM F"'C AT
                    with 30MB hard disk drive, math coprocesser, and streaming
                    tape.drive, along with R-Base System V, and SAS (statistical
                    analysis) software. Current plans are to establish a new
                    data base system for ENWP on the PC AT using R-Base System
                    V. R-Base System V will be used because it is the Department
                    standard and to ensure easy access to ENWP data by others
                    within IF&W and compatibility with other IF&W data files.
                    Currently automated ENWP data files are in SAS data sets
                    that are readily transferable to R-Base. Primary IF&W users
                    outside    the ENWP will be regional biologists. These
                    biologists    have broad wildlife-related       natural    areas
                    conservation responsibilities ranging from DEP and LURC

                    development permit reviews, to assisting Municipalities in
                    land use planning and development review and working With
                    land owners/managers to ensure conservation of wildlife
                    resources. Design and implementation of this new data base
                    are "on hold" pending review of the results of this report
                    to ensure compatibility of the new ENWP data system with a
                    state natural areas data management system. At current
                    funding levels, it will likely be at least three years
                    before the ENWP data base is established and fully populated
                    with existing data.

                    At the present time, "outside use" of ENWP data Occurs
                    primarily through through development reviews conducted by
                    IF&W regional biologists and production and distribution of
                    reports like the Penobscot Bay Coastal Habitat Inventory.

                    The annual ENWP budget is about $200,000.    About one-half of
                    these funds are from the Maine Income Tax "check off", with
                    the remainder from various federal and private grants and
                    contracts. It is estimated that Well under 10% of the annual
                    ENWP budget is allocated to data management.

               Table B
               Endangered and Nonqame Wildlife Program Data Files

               -----------------------------------------------------------------

                                      # records  # records
                 name        format   current    planned            comments
               -----------------------------------------------------------------
               Coastal      manual &
               Islands      SAS sets  10,000     25,000

               Eagle                  5000 -
               Nests        manual    10,000

               Endangered
               Species/                                       Various disjointed
               Critical               about                   files
               Habitats     manual    5000

               Coastal      50% SAS                          Coastal habitats
               Habitats     50% other 40,000    1000,000     is only one of a
                            automated                         number of anticipated
                            files                             ecosystem files;
                                                              site data Plus area
                                                              data in mapped form

                                                10

               The Nature Conservancy UgLitagg EEggE!EM:

                     The   Nature    Conservancy was established to            "conserve
                     biodiversity by establishing natural area preserves". The
                     Heritage Program was established within TNC to gather and
                     organize the scientific information necessary to prioritize
                     TNC activities.

                     The Heritage Program is a natural areas data base system
                     designed to meet both nationa'l (and international.) and state
                     program biological r7onservation needs.          The system was
                     designed,    is Supported,      and is reviewed and updated
                     quarterly by national TNC staff. Cooperative TNC/state
                     government Heritage programs are underway in about 46
                     states. TNC wholly operates Heritage Programs in most other
                     states.

                     The Heritage Program data management system consists of 'four-
                     a r components:
                       j1o. Element f iles - the classification system., element
                          (species or community) abstracts, and element manual
                          files which together describe the "target" elements -For
                          Heritage inventory;

                       2. Element occurrence (EO) file - which stores species
                          occurrence data in map, manual, and computer,+ormats,

                       3. Manaaed area (MA) -File - which organizes information on
                               7-- ---- ---- ----
                          publicly and privately-owned areas within Maine that
                          offer some degree of natural feature protection; and

                       4. Source file - which documents inventory information
                                 S 7--
                          Source ( or e.-ample CAP reports that document a site's
                          features or significance.).

                     Maine Heritage Program automated files run on      *an IBM PC AT
                     with  310MB hard disl.-. using D-Base III data management
                     software. This system is located in the TNC Maine Chapter
                     office in Topsham and can be linked when necessary by modem
                     to national program systems.

                     The Heritage Program data management system has                 well
                     developed    and    documented procedures for manual            file
                     creation,    automated data entry and verification, data
                     plotting on map files, and data documentation.

                     Status of current Maine Heritage Program files is shown in
                     Table C. Heritage Program element occurrence (EO) and
                     managed area (MA) records closely parallel basic ENWP
                     species occurrence and occurrence site records. Critical
                     areas (as contained in any of the four CAP "critical area"
                     files) require a managed, area (MA) and at least one species
                     element occurrence (EO) record when placed in Heritage
                     Program files. Element occurrence (EC) and managed area (MA),

                    files are interactive,     allowing easy retrieval of all
                    records that. list features of a CAP "critical area". To
                    date, TNC has incorporated MUch-CAP critical- areas data
                    (about 40%) into its data base.    The TNC data base does not
                    currently   include any information on abiotic natural areas
                    (for example, significant geologic sites) but its -file
                    structure is easily adaptable to doing so. Most TNC natural
                    areas data addresses sites with point locations. Sample
                    Heritage Program file records are presented in Appendi-x 1).

                    TNC receives     regular requests (ab*0Ut tWO per weet-0    f or
                    natural.area and rare species information. Outside requests
                    come from DEP, DOT, private consulting -firms, and towns.
                    Outside requests are about equivalent in number to internal
                    TNC program requests for Heritage Program information. TNC
                    has discussed mak-ing Heritage Program information available
                    to DEP, LURC, and DOT. DOT now maintains a map file of,
                    Heritage Program natural area sites. No agreements have been
                    established with LURC or DEP as yet for USL- of Heritarie
                    Program information.

                    The Heritage Program has provided substantial data and staff
                    time to Support listing of endangere  d vertebrate species by
                    the Endangered and Nongame Wildlife Program; the LURC lal.::es
                    study, the SPO Cumulative Impact Study, and to prepare
                    annual listings of updated rare plant information for the
                    Critical Areas Program.

                    Heritage Program professional staff time and budget are
                    predominantly allocated to adding new data and updating
                    exi-sting data within the Heritage Program data base. This
                    work is coordinated with similar WOrl--. Underta[:.en by the CAP
                    and ENWP to avoid duplication of effort.

                    The TNC Heritage Program annual budget is about $90,000. The
                    Maine Heritage Program is at present wholly funded by TNC
                    and not jointly funded with state government as is, the case
                    in most other states. It is estimated that about 25% of
                    the annual Heritage Program budget- is allocated to data
                    management.

                                                12

               Table C
               The Nature Conservancy Heritage Program Data Files
               -------------------------------   -----------------------------------

                                          records # records
                 name        format     Current    planned             comments
               -----------------------------------------------------------------

               Element
               Tracking        d i s

               Element         disk &              about
               OCCUrrance      map      1149       2000          basic "site" -file

               Managed Are a   d i s k. &25        about         this file will
                               map                 1000          include all
                                                                 properties that by
                                                                 virtue of ownership
                                                                 or management offer-
                                                                 potential to conserve
                                                                 natural areas, for
                                                                 example: Registered
                                                                 Critical Areas, TNC
                                                                 iiind MAS preserves,
                                                                 state and federal
                                                                 public lands, etc.

               Element
               Global
               Ranking         d i s

               Element
               State           d i s I...
               Ranking

               Vertebrate                                        No Maine data has
               Character-                                        yet been  entered
               ization                            300
               Abstract                  c)       400

               Source
               Abstract        manual 250          ?                bibliographic
                                                                    Sources for data
                                                                    in other   files

               The Maine Coast Heritagg ICg5t:

                     The mission of the Maine Coast Heritage Trust is to conserve
                     lands     that essential to protecting the vital natural
                     resources and special character of Maine, most particularly
                     its coastline and islands. The MCHT wort.,:s directly with
                     landowners and also provides staff Support for the formation
                     and initial operation of Community land trusts with similar-
                     goals to those of MCHT.

                     MCHT -has a map file showing        selected information about
                     public and private conservation ownership along the           coast.
                     This    information is plotted on copies of USGS                7.5n
                     topographic maps. This is a "one-time" file with no current
                     plans or resources for updating.

                     Ready access to CAP, ENWP, and TNC natural areas data would
                     benefit    MCHT by helping set priorities for potential
                     easement sites and helping document "public ValUeS" Of
                     potential  easements for tax purposes. MCHT, like the CAP is
                     concerned  with scenic resources.

               PROBLEMS AND OPPORTUNITIES

               Natural Areas Data Use:
                        ----- ---- ---

               Natural  areas data use falls into three general areas:

                     use within natural areas conservation programs;

                     use by land owners/managers (PUblic-and private); and

                     use by parties to the development process (developers.,
                     consultants to developers,        Municipal and state land use
                     planning planning and development review activities., and
                     regional planning commissions).

               While data use within and among natural areas c               onservation
               programs can be improved, this is where most data held by these
               programs is used and Such Lt5L- OCCUrs without Major problems -
               largely because natural areas conservation program staff are
               generally well aware of each other's data holdings, coordinate
               their data collection and updating efforts, and frequently work
               together on joint projects. The relatively recent establishment
               and evolution of TNC@'s Maine Heritage Program has also helped
               sharpen the focus of natural area conservation programs on
               systematic organization, automation, and application of their
               data.

               Compatible automation of species occurence and "site" data within-
               the natural area conservation programs would provide a number of
               benefits:

                     productivity of existing program resources would be somewhat

                                                  14

                    improved (productivity gains in this           area depend upon
                    program    tas@,.-s and Would be difficult to            A_CCUrately
                    estimate);

                    Inter-program data access would become.SLibstantially easier;
                    a n d

                    Potential for retrieval and analysis of data across programs
                    Would gEe2tly improve. For example, tasks like preparing a
                    township-based index of natural area sites identified by any
                    of these programs which would today be quite difficult alld*
                    expensive, Would become easy and inexpensive.

               Existing and potential natural areas data users outside natural.
               area programs are land owners/managers, and those involved in the
               development process: developers (Public and private), Community
               planning and development review activities, regional planning
               commissions,    and state development review agencies (DEP and
               LURC), Parties to this process have substantially diff       ere nt data
               needs than do natural areas program managers, f0CUSing on:

                  * location of natural area sites that should be considered.tiv
                    land managers and developers; and

                  * Information concerning the management needs of such sites.

               Thus, while such users gener-ally do not need access to the
               detailed species o   !ccurance and site data forming basic files of
               natural areas conservation programs, they do need to easily find
               out where such sites are and more importantly they need specific
               managgMgnt information - which generally must be provide by
               appropriate natural areas program staff.

               Because comprehensive natural areas information is not easily
                                                                           i 4-
               accessible to users Outside natural areas programs,           @ is not
               widely used beyond state development review activities. ENWP data
               is available to regional IF&W biologists who review LURC and DEP
               development applications. LURC screens applications for potential
               impact on Registered Critical Areas,. using a township index, and
               associated site maps. DEP development project managers are
               responsible for selecting projects to be reviewed by the CAP.
               This screening is less than systematic. DOT has prepared a map
               file of Registered Critical Areas and Heritage Program natural
               area sites and uses this file in highway project planning.

               To obtain natural areas information from any Maine natural areas
               programs,    land owners,      developers,     or town planning and.-
               development review activities must know about          these     programs
               and mat.--e specific, direct information requests. This does not
               routinely    Occur today. Interviews with a number of these
               "outside" users identified a priority need for township-based
               index and mapseries for all known natural area sites (all sites
               would be listed in the inde, and non-sensitive site location
               Would be shown on the maps). Such indexes and maps are essential
               to providing Outside users adequate access to the natural areas

                                                  15-

               information they should be considering in the course of their
               activities. To adequately serve the outside user community,
               indexes and map sets should be distributed to at least DEP, LURC,
               DOT, SPO, IF&W, and the regional planning commissions. The
               regional    planning commissions Could make this             information
               available to Municipalities and developers as needed.

               It is important to note that better access to natural areas
               information will Substantially increase requests for        4 nforma4-ion
               on why such areas should be conserved and how their management
               needs.

               Data File Comg!atibility

               Standard state codes have been Used, where appropriate,           in all
               existing natural area data files. TNC Heritage program file
               structure for element OCCUrance (EO) and managed area (MA) data
               files,    analysis,    --And  reporting capabilities will          easily
               accommodate data in all CAP natural area files that should be
               automatedas well as CAP data analysis and reporting requirements.
               Some minor changes to TNC file structure may be necessary to
               ensure CAP data could be readily retrieved as desired -from TNC
               files if CAP files were to be entered into TNC -files. For
               example, a -field for coding of the status of non-registered sitess
               might need to be added.

               R-B.ase System V can read and write D-Base III files, so combined
               use o-P or transfers of information between TNC Heritage Program,
               CAP Heritage Progr8m-based, and ENWP natural area files should be
               easy. D-Base III and R-Base Sys-tem V data management software are
               widely used programs on MS-DOS/IBM compatible personal COMPLIterS,
               which have become a de-facto industry standard. Thus, data files
               established on this software will likely be widely compatible
               with related current and future PC-based @ata files. Current ENWP
               data in SAS data sets is readily convertible into R-Base System V
               files,

               State GeogCagtic Information Sv2tem Develooment

               MEGIS, an automated state geographic information system being
               developed jointly by the Department of Conservation and the
               University of maine is described in some detail inthe Phase One
               Study on a State Groundwater Data Management System (currently
               being prepared for the Data Management Subcommittee of the Land
               and Water Resources Council).          At the present time system
               capabilities are limited to simple automated cartography tasks.
               Overlay analysis of different geographic data sets is not
               possible; such sets can however be merged and jointly plotted.

               Basic requirements for data file compatibility with MEGIS are
               that records have a unique identifier and be geographically
               coded.. TNC data files meet this requirement as do planned ENWP
               automated data files. AS MEGIS develops more sophisticated
               analysis capabilities and as its costs decline, considerable
               patential exists for using MEGIS to analyze and map natural areas

                                                  16

                information.

                The   natural areas mapping project          proposed as part of          the
                natural   areas data management system       recommended in this      report
                was costed Out both as an int-ern.project and LtS4       no MEG T S .F@eSU I tS
                of this analysis were as follow:

                method                       initial maps                  annual update
                ------                        ------------                 -------------

                intern  (1: 150, 000)           $ 2,595                       $    950

                MEGIS (1.50,000)                 J'7,995                        12,145

                MEGIS (7.5' &@ 15')              37, 002                       66, (:)e(--)

                note:

                (1)   This  f igUre   is for 472 maps and includes $16,"-.162       f Lo rthe
                      purchase of new base map materials.

                Because the proposed maps are very simple to produce                and   map
                originals Could be easily updated by adding new points,             they  are
                less expensive to produce and update manually. No new digitized
                natural areas information would be created by producing            the maps
                through MEGIS beyond location information that Would already
                exist in existing TNC and proposed CAP and ENWP automated files.

                To ensure future compatibility with MEGIS, design of the new ENWP
                data base and modification of TNC data file structure to
                accommodate CAP n-eeds should be coordinated with MEGIS managers.

                Po-l-ic-y- 2ng Ecqgram Issues Encountered

                A number of policy and program issues were encountered in the
                Course of this study. While it is beyond study objectives to
                address these issues, they are worthy of mention and should be
                addressed in some other appropriate fOrLIM.

                      Implementing the proposed natural areas data management
                      system will provide Much better and broader access to
                      information about the presence of significant natural areas,
                      which will in turn lik-ely lead to a dramatic increase in
                      demand an all three natural areas conservation programs for
                      information     on managing specific sites.             Meeting this
                      increased demand may well require changes in                    program
                      structure or increases in program support.

                      While Current state growth management program studies               are
                      contemplating      requiring     more formal consideration. of
                      significant natural areas in the land use planning                  and
                      development review process, state financial Support                 for
                      natural areas programs is less than solid. The TNC Heritage
                      Program is completely funded by private sources and the CAP

                                                     17

                    and ENWP prgrams are       heavil y *dependent upon non-sttate
                    funding.

                    Strong inter-relationships exist. between Ma      ine's     three
                    natural areas conservation prgrams. As More focused state
                    policy regarding conservation oi significant areas
                    in the context of state growth management policy, review of
                    the structure of and relationship between these programs may
                    be   necessary    to ensure optimal state natural           areas
                    conservation.

              FIND  TNGS

                    Few resources are allocated to data management in any
                    program; most resources are allocated to production of new
                    data or to conservation activities.z data Production and
                    management    is well coordinated among the three maJor
                    programs;

                    Basic natural areas data +ile StrLICIL Ur a in all progrz-Ims is
                    quite Similar and all organizations operate in --An          I FM-.-
                    compatible PC Computer environment;

                    The TNC Heritage Program is the only +ully developed and
                    operational natural areas data management system wi.thin the
                    three Maine natural-areas conservation programs;

                    The TNC Heritage Program natural areas data management
                    system is well developed and documented; is jointly operated
                    by TNC and state government in 46 states, and interfaces
                    with national and international natural areas conservation

                    programs;

                    About 40% of CAP natural. areas data is already entered       into
                    TNC's Heritage Program data base which is easily capable o+
                    current and contemplated CAP.data retrievall and analysis
                    requirements,.

                    D-Base III (used by TNC) and R-Base System V which has been
                    chosen as the Department o+ IF&.W "standard" data base
                    management software are quite similar and compatible data
                    base management systems that run on IBM-compatible MS-DOS
                    personal Computers; R-Base System V can read and write D-
                    Base III files;

                    The ENWP has Much larger files than either TNC or the CAP,
                    and also has substantially more sophisticated data analysis
                    requirements;

                    The major problem with Current natural areas dat    a management
                    systems is that it is difficult to easily or efficiently
                    determine the presence of all significant areas that have
                    been identified. by'all three conservation programs within
                    any given geograph   ic area (for example  within or nearby -a

                                                ie

                     proposed development project or within a.-Lown);

                  *  This  problem     Could   be    alleviated    by      production,
                     distribution, and regular updating of a text index and map
                     series for. significant natural areas;

                  *  Compatible automation of natural areas    data within all three
                     natural areas conservation programs is an effective pre-
                     requisite to economical production of a. text index .--And map
                     series for natural areas data.4

                  *  Because it is well suited to CAP* needs and thUch CAF' data has
                     already been entered into the TNC Heritage F'rogram data
                     base, the best and most economical way to automate CAP! data
                     is to enter remaining CAF' data into the TNC data base and
                     obtain a full set of CAF' files from TNC;

                  *  Automation of both CAF' and ENWP data necessary to prepare
                     indextes and maps -for significant natLtr.-::kl areas will require
                     supplemental funding if Such indexes and maps are to be
                     produced in a timely fashion.

               F'ROPOSED MAINE NATURAL AREAS DATA MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

               A much improved Maine natural areas data management system could
               be established by taking two steps'.

                  1. compatible automation of CAP', TNC, ENWF,, and MCHT natural
                     areas site data&, and

                  2. preparation, distribution, and periodic updating of an index.
                     and map series to facilitate access to appropriate natural
                     areas site information of Use to land manaqers/owners and
                     individuals and organizations involved in. the land use
                     planning and development process.

               Benefits

               This improved data management System Would produce a series of
               benefits:

                     Natural areas conservation program staff productivity would
                     improve in tasks involving data handling and analysis
                     Iresponding to information repUests, etc.l. This improvement
                     would not likely be large, but should result in some
                     increase     in   Success    accomplishing     program      goals.
                     Also, substantially less staff time Would be allocated to
                     answering requests concerning location of natural areas.

                     Significant natural areas would receive considerably more
                     attention in state development review activities. This Would
                     occur because all projects Could quickly be screened for
                     potential impact on areas identified by all three natural

                                                 19

                     areas conservation programs. Thus all projects Could be
                     screened (not Current practice) and all categories of areas
                     considered (also not Current practice).

                     Municipal. planning and development control activities could
                     consider impact on significant natural areas within their'
                     Community. Such consideration would be far from uniform, but
                     it Would at least become practical for Communities that wish
                     to do so, Community land trusts would also benefit from
                     a@cess to comprehensive natural areas locational information
                     within their- area of interest.

               In aggregate,      these benefits should Substantially             improve
               conservation of significant Maine natural areas.

               Recommendations

               To establish Such a system, the following specific actions are
               recommended:

               1.    Maine Critical Areas Program natural area data       files should
                     be automated using The Nature Conservancy Heritage Program
                     data   base    management system (using D-Pase III              data
                     management software). This should Occur within twelve months,
                     to facilitate timely creation of comprehensive natural areas
                     indexes and maps.
               2.    En'dangered and Nongame Wildli  +e Program automated data file
                     Structure should be designed for optimal compatibility with
                     the Heritage Program data management system. These files
                     should use R-Base System V data management- software (as
                     planned)    to ensure compatibility with other IF&W data         and
                     users.    The ENWP data base should be established and
                     Populated    with existing data within twelve months, to
                     facilitate timely creation of comprehensive natural areas
                     indexes and maps.

                     The SPO shOUld'create and regularly update a signi-ficant
                     natural area index file and accompanying map series for
                     distribution to state regulatory agencies, regional planning
                     commissions, public land managers, and other similar users.
                     CAP, TNC, and ENWP managers should review how "sensitive"
                     information should be presented in-such --R "user's" inaex-

               4.    File    structure design for the Endangered and Nongame
                     Wildlife Program and revisions to TNC file structure 'to
                     accommodate CAP files Should be coordinated with Department
                     of Conservation geographic information. system               (MEGIS)
                     managers to ensure that these files could use Current and
                     potential MEGIS capabilities.

               5.    The CAP/L84WRC la@---.eS Study should use the LURC lakes data
                     base (which runs on R-Base data management software) to
                     ensure compatibility with existing LURC lakes data +       iles and
                     ability to use analytic procedures developed in the LURC

                                                  20

                      study.

                6.    State   government should       allocate   necessary funding to
                      improve natural     1_Rreas program data management         i f Such
                      programs are expected to provide sufficient natural areas
                      information to those needing it to conserve Such areas.

                Implementation costs

                Estimated    costs     (beyond ex-isting     program commitments)        to
                implement the recommended natural areas data management I.system"
                Are"

                1.    Automating Critical Area-As Program natural area files:

                      * Hardware -

                         IBM/AT&T "PC" workstation with 20MB hard-dis@---        $2000

                      * Software -

                         D-Base III+                                                4C-)C)

                                                                       total     $2400

                      Auto
                          mating Critical Areas Program natural area -files, to
                      include modification of TNC file structure as- necessary,
                      preparation of data for entry, data entry, data editing,,
                      plotting of sites on master quadrangle file, delivery to -the
                      CAP of all Maine element OCCUrence (EO) and managed area
                      (MA) files pertaining to CAP identified natural areas, and
                      training CAP staff to manipulate and retrieve records from
                      these.+iles:.

                        estimated cost                                        $ 10, C) C) C)

                      Designing a data   base system for the Endangered and Nongame
                      wildlife Program and +Ully Populating this system with
                      excisting   data,     .0 include data base design,             report
                      programming, transfer of existing automated files into the
                      system, and data entry of existing manual files. This system
                      would bemodeled on the TNC Heritage Program and Would run
                      on R-Base System V.

                        estimated cost                                         $19,1oo

                4.    Initial    preparation and distribution of a significant
                      natural areas index, and reproducible map file (using state
                      1-50,000 base map series) locating natural areas on combined
                      user's index and printing and distributing indexes and map
                      sets to:

                      * DEP
                      * LURC

                                                    21

    0

                    * SPO
                    * IF&W
                    * RPCs (full set for their planning areas)
                    * DOT

                            *Intern contract (cartographic labor)               $1500
                            *Cartographic base materials & copying               1095

                                                     Total                     $2595

              5.    Annual updating of user's index, and map series:

                    * Intern contract (cartographic labor)                      $700
                    * Map & index copying & distribution                         250

                                                     Total                      $950

              Estimated total system "incremental" cost:

                    * One-time, start-Up   Costs                             $34.095

                    * Annual cost                                               $950

                                                22

                                                                                           APMMICM

              APPENDIX A

              Persons Interviewed:

              Name                           Organization
              -----------------         ----------------------------------------

              Hanl.-- Tyler                  State Planning Office,
                                             Critical Areas Program

              Bob Mayer                      State Planning Of,ficL=-

              Paul DUtram                    State Planning Office

              John Albright                  The Nature Conservancy,
                                             Heritage Program

              Amy Forrester                  The Nature Conservancy
                                             Heritage Program

              David Dominie                  DEP, Land Bureau

              David Studor                   DEP, Land Bureau

              Tom Radsky                     LURC, Division of
                                             Development Review

              Fred Todd                      LURC, Division of Planning

              Bill Reed                      Maine Dept. of Transportation'

              Dywane Scott                   MDOT

              Val Oood                       Bureau of Data Processing

              Janet MacMahan                 Maine Audubon Society

              Nancy Anderson                 Maine Audubon Society

              Alan Hutchinson                Dept. of IF&W, Non-game Oildlife
                                             Program

              Art Ritter                     Dept. of IF&W

              Gary Donovan                   Dept. of IF&W

              Jay Espe                       Maine Coast Heritage Trust

              Marc Loiselle                  DOC, Maine Geological Survey

              Steve Dickson                  DOC, Maine Geological Survey

              Bob Tucker                    -DOC, Maine Geological Survey

             Don Meagher                    Eastern Maine Development Corp.

             Pat Jennings                   Eastern Mid-coast RPC

             M
              adge Ba@,:er                  Southern Maine RPC

             Gwen Hilton                    MACC

             Ron f-Creisman                 NRCM

             Riche Rothe                    Maine Tomorrow

                                              2

              APPENDIX B

                       Reviewed:

              ----------------------------------------------------------------

    	1. MAINE LAND & WATER RESOURCES COUNCIL, RECOMMENDED IMPROVEMENTS IN COMPUTERIZED MANAGEMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES INFORMATION, AUGUSTA, ME, JANUARY, 1980.
    	2. GARY HIGGINBOTTAM, ARTHUR LERMAN ASSOCIATES, REPORT ON ESTIMATED COSTS AND RESPONSIBILITIES ASSOCIATED WITH ADOPTION OF THE NATURE CONSERVANCY HERITAGE INVENTORY SYSTEM BY THE STATE OF MAINE, AUGUSTA, ME, JUNE, 1982.
    	3. MAINE LAND & WATER RESOURCES COUNCIL, PHASE I STUDY, STATE GROUNDWATER MANAGEMENT SYSTEM, SYNOPSIS OF FINDINGS (DAFT), AUGUSTA, ME, 1986.
    	4. MAINE LAND & WATER RESOURCES COUNCIL, INVESTIGATION INTO THE FEASIBILITY OF ESTABLISHING A NATURAL RESOURCES GEORGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR MAINE, AUGUSTA, ME, MARCH, 1978

       PEND
          .I XC
                                                                             July 21., 1978
    @ample Critical Areas Program File Recordst
                  lu           Register of Critical Areas.
              The State Planning Office is charged with administering the Critical Areas
              Act. For fUrther information, please contact the State Planning Office,
              Critical Areas Program, 189 State Street, Augusta, Maine, 04333, Tele-
              phone (207) 289-3155.

         1    Name    Nesowadnehunk Falls

         2.   Cr4tical Area Number 1Q

         3.   Location

              A. Piscataquts County
              B. Township of T2 R10
              C. Minor Civil Division Code Number - 21838
              D. U.S.G.S. Quadrangle Harrington Lake 1511
              E. Latitude 450 501 4011 Longitude 6902f Off

         4.   Owner's Name and Address

              Mr. J. R. Goody, Manager
              Timberlands and Forestry
              Great Northern Paper Comparry
              Mtlltnocket, ME 04462

         5.   -Boundaries and Size of the Area

              Nesowadnehunk Falls is on the West Branch of the Penobscot River in T2 R10
              Township and is located about 0..8 kilometers (0. 5 miles) west of where Nes-
              owadenehunk Stream meets the West Branch of the Penobscot.

              The. boundary of the critical area is defined by a circle of 150 meter (492
              feet) radius circumscribed around the center of the largest (2 meter-6.6 feet)
              drop (see map). The total area of the critical area is about 7 hectares (17.5
              acres).

         6.   A Description of the Area Including a Listing of its Unus ual, Qualities and the
              Reason(s) fbr its Inclusion on the Register

              Nesowadnehunk Falls is a broad, horseshoe shaped falls with a drop of about
              2 meters (6 6 feet). The flow of the River through the critical area is several
                        6
              thousand ft. /sec. and is dependent on the regulation at Ripogenus Dam The
              water bolor at the site is brown and odorless.

                                                                Date:

                                    The Maine Register of Critical Areas

                    Name Green Mountain Rare Plant Station

              2.

              3.    Location

                    A.  Somerset County
                    B.  (Town) Comstock T-4.  R-18)
                    C.  Minor Civil Division Code Number
                    D.  Latitude: 450 581 0011      Longitude: 700 04' 3011
                    E.  USGS Quadrangle: Penobscot Lake 15' (1956)

              4.    Owner's Name and Address

                    Great Northern Paper Company
                    Woodsland Department
                    Millinocket, Maine 04462

              5.    Boundaries.and Size of Area

                    The critical area is located on the southeast slope of Green Mountain in
                    Comstock (T-4 R-18). The boundaries of the critical area include about 600
                    acres and the boundaries are shown on the attached map.

              6.    A General Description of the Area Including a Listing of its Unusual
                    -@=ties and the ReasonTs) for its Inclusion on the Register

                    As one travels west along the Golden Road to a point where Green Mountain
                    is closest to the North Branch of the Penobscot River and the road, a large
                    cliff face becomes visible. The exposed bedrock was described by St. John
                    and Nichols who visited the area in 1916 as, "clay slate ledge". The
                    cliffs nearest the road were explored gain in the summer of 1983 by Vickery
                    (CAP), Campbell, Crosely and Eastman. They dise'overed Slender Cliff-Brake
                    (Cryptogramma stelleri) a small rare fern never reported by the previous
                    botanical expedition (i916). CEzptogrammn stelleri is currently known only
                    from Green Mountain and West Paris in Oxford To-un--Ey-

                    Slender Cliff-Brake is a very rare fern in Maine that is found in limestone
                    areas. At Green Mountain, this fern grows on the limestone ledges on the
                    south side of the mountain. There were an estimated 100+ individuals of
                    the Slender Cliff-Brake innumerous clumps on the ledge.

                    For further information on the Slender Cliff-Brake, see the planning report
                    by L. M. Eastman.

                                                             Field Data Form Site

                                                        SITE SURVEY SUMMARY

                 Site Name:                                                                             Site Visit Chronology
                 Quad Name:                                                     Date:                 Time:       Source Code:

                 Quad Code:                  10/10 locator-                        Surveyor(s):

                 State:        County:                                          Date:                 Time:        to        Source Code:
                 Town:.                                                            Surveyor(s):
                  or
                 Township/Range/Section:                                        Date:                 Time:        to        Source Code:

                 Field Quad Margin:                                              Surveyor(s):
                 Source of lead:                                                Date:                 Time:        to        Source Code:

                                                                                   Surveyor(s):

                                                                                Date:                Time:        to        Source Code:

                                                                                   Surveyor(s):

                 Other Individuals knowledgeable about site and/or EO's:   Amy F.

                 Current use of site:

                 Tract ownership or managed area name (names, addresses, phone #). Continue on last Page for others.

                                                                                       INDEX

                 List all listed species/communities sought, found, or reported from site.

                                                                                                                                                 Revisit
                                                   Date:                                                                                         needed'

                                         Code  on        Found? Transcr/  Found? Transcr/    Found? Transcr/ Found? Transer/  Found" Transer
                   Element name                                 Updt?            Updt?               Updt?           Updt?           Updt?       When?
                                         Base Map  occ.#
                                                   011   Yes

    PAGE  340				NATURAL AREAS INVENTORY			DATE: 5/19/78

    	NATURAL AREA IN ST GEORGE				IN KNOX COUNTY

    	NATURAL AREA #  428  NAME ALLEN ISLAND
    	LATITUDE 43-52-00		LONGITUDE 69-19-00
    	COASTAL ISLAND # 63840
    	ESTIMATED ACREAGE		420.0
    	OWNERSHIP: PRIVATE

    	BRIEF DESCRIPTION
    		A LARGE UNDEVELOPED OFFSHORE ISLAND IN MUSCONGUS BAY THAT IS A REPORTED SITE OF CROWBERRY, PRIMARILY COVERED WITH SPRUCE.

    	VERIFICATION: BY CORRESPONDENCE/TELEPHONESPO

    	ESTIMATE OF SIGNAFIGANCE: REGIONAL
    	DATA SOURCES: NATURAL AREA INVESTORY 1971
    	SPO:ED MYERS OF ABONDONED FARMS IN SO BRISTOL
    	CRITICAL AREA: NO

    	EXTENT OF INFORMATION AND LOCATION:
    		MAPPED 1971 COMPLETED: 76-78 UPDATE SPO NAT AREAS

    	FIELD CHECKING: NO

    	CONTACT:
    	NAME: ED MYERS				ADDRESS: ABONDONED FARMS
    	TOWN: SOUTH BRISTOL			STATE: ME	ZIP CODE: 84568	PHONE: 563-3935

    	MAJOR TYPE: BOTANY
    	GENERAL TYPE: RARE PLANT COMMUNITIES

    	DATE OF ENTRY: 6/21/77

                                                          Leak.J@

               Hank Tyler

               State Planning Office

               Critical Areas Program

               189 State St.

               Augustat Maine 04333

               Dear Hank,
                        You may be intere sted in tbl. following find:

               Gentiana crinita Froel.

               York, York County.

               old pasture, Route 1.,Just north of Berry Hill Farm on right

               going north. This land is owned by Central Maine Power of York.

               Fred Mathewst Manager, says the C.M.P. plans to build on this

               land on higher ground. There are thousands of gentians on the

               lower land. On the higher and drier ground I found and collected

               Aster laevis'. also* I plan to put the specimens in the herbarium

               at Us of New Hampshire. Date: Sept. 26, 1986.

               Also found a dead deer on the land.

                                                Best wishes,

                                                0. Paul Wight

                                                23 Fort Hill Ave.
                                                Old Orchard Beach, Maine 04064
                              T-el. 934 2015- or 934 2844

                                                   MM=     APPENDIX D
            ECCODE:                                        @he Nature conservancy Heritage Program
            YAME: C                                        File Descriptions and Selected Sample Records
            COMNAME:
            .URGNUZA.:    1                MI.                                 EO=UK.
            SCRANKC-Mo!
                                                  :.,@TCBS:
            SPANK:
            COUN-----NAME-.  _7
            QUADCODE:
            QUADNAM---.-
            T.                                                                           7                       W:
                                 LONG:                    S'.              N:
            TCIW-NC--JI)E:
                                                                                        apC
            COASTAL-IM:                                        a MS ?'.R C V

            DMEC.-.' NS

            GENDESC;

                                            r

                                                                        V,-ACODE2: r                   I CONTIMMM2:
              UCO
              I     DE11:
              .MACCDE3:    r                                            ADI)L_,4AS:        joR-Tj.,LND: L]      MREF.RCT:
              14CREMCuNr-         =CODE:
              SITEM AK-E.   L
              OWNER:
              OWNERC"I'My.:
              ?HCTC^-,vY.:
              MG14-TCOM14:  'L
              MONITOR:

              3 ES T. S 0 U R CZ

                                                          ?HC=z:            :WNT-RZ:1FC:

    							Element Occurance (EO) Record

    														Page 	1

    01/09/87
    EOCODE: PDLAU07010.002
    Name: Lindera Benzoin
    Comname: Spicebush
    Margnum:	3		TenTen: 10,8		Ident: Y		EORank: C
    SurveyDate: 1986-03-26		Lastobs: 1986-03-26		Firstobs: 1934		GRank: G5
    SRank: S2		State: ME		Countycode: ME031
    Countyname:	York
    Quadcode: 4307027
    Quadname: Dover East 7.5'					Precision: SC
    LAT: 430832		LONG:	704522	S: 0		N: 0		E: 0		W: 0
    TownCode: 31090
    TownName: Eliot
    Coastalreg: 111		CapNo: 61		Watershed: 01060003
    Directions: FRM York Village, S on rte 1 @5 MI to rte 101.  Turn rt, N @
    		2.5 MI, Turn lft onto Beech rd.  Pass fields & sm woods on
    		lft & park @1/4 mi at Swamp on lft.
    GenDesc: Low swamp bordering a forest of mixed woods next to a paved
    	   rd.  A few plants growing among some alders on far side of
    	   swamp
    ELEV:	20		Size:	1
    EOData: 1976: Plants in excellent condition (Eastman); 1986: 12-20
    	  Mature shrubs over @/12 Acre;

    Comments: Oldest known stand.  Probably in same condition as when
    	    discovered.

    MACODE1: MESPCAELI01	CONTAINED1:    MACORDE2:			CONTAINED2:
    MACODE3:			CONTAINED3:	   ADDLMAS:			MORELAND:	MOREPROT:
    MOREMGMT:		SITECODE:
    ELIOT SPICE BUSCH
    OWNER: MR AND MRS DAVID LEAVITT
    OWNERCOMM: 85 GOODWIN RD, ELIOT ME 03903
    PROTCOMM: ZONED AS COMMERCIAL/INDUSTRIAL DISTRICT BY TOWN OF ELIOT
    MGMTCOMM:
    MONITOR:
    BESTSOURCE: OSTERBROCK, A.J. 1986.  FIELD SURVEY OF MARCH 26.  ME NATURAL
    			HERITAGE PROGRAM.  TNC, TOPSHAM.
    SOURCECODE: F860ST01ME	B81CRI01ME	U77CRI25ME	B76EAS11ME

    DATASENS: N		BOUNDARIES: Y	PHOTOS: N		OWNERINFO: Y
    TRANSCRIBR: 84-10-02 THM	CDREV: Y	MAPPER: 84-10-05 CRO	QC: Y
    UPDATE: 87-01-09 AJF

    						MANAGED AREA (MA) RECORD

    91/09/98												PAGE		1
    MACODE: MESSPCAELI01
    OWNERCODE: PRI
    MANAME: ELIOT SPICEBUSH
    ESTABDATE: 1977-06-24		COUNTYNAME: MEYORK
    TOWNCODE: 31090			TOWNNAME: ELIOT

    QUADCODE: 4307027		LAT: 430830		LONG: 704545	S: 0		N: 0
    E: 0		W: 0		CONTIG: Y
    DESCRIPTN: LINDERA BENZOIN GROWING ON EDGE OF SM SWAMP.  ALSO DIRCA PALUSTRIS IS PART OF UNDERSTORY
    SIZE: 3		PROTSTAT: 3
    MANAGER: MR & MRS DAVID LEAVITT
    ADDRESS: 85 GOODWIN RD, ELIOT ME 03903

    BOUNDARIES: N
    MGMTCOMM:

    MAJORMA:
    COMMENTS: CAP#61

    UPDATE: 87-01-09 AJF

                                                                                                              BRUNSWICK QUADRANGLE
                                                                                                                                  MAINE
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                 GUS TA :0 Aff.                                  '27          570 000 FEET                                                                      69*,52'3(r
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      #oM code                             PC&. W&P-14
      -lion N-It                           #-I# Code

                                    APPENDIX E
          t 0.7.   04-
                                    Sample Endangeeed   and Nongame-Wildlife   Program Records
     Isom vote    It  1,4-t6s
                                                              species
                                                             ------    OCCUrrence Records   --rt'7-
         Cc ef

                                             v r
     V.16tr wed

    ws'4   rate

    VOL

                   _rn.     Dav    Vr.-                                     OBSERVER Two Initials,
               DATE                            TIME                         last  name,
                   L                                                                        1 '_7      L
                                                                                  VISIT               this, colony
                                                                                  for current nesting season                                                      7
               NAI.:E                                                                                                    VIA
                   (Fill in  if known)                                            LAND OWNER'S NAME:
                Latitude           Longitude             Elevation
                  @ / ) V.,; P  @@ 0      / - IA          I
                                     'ar 0 /              (meters)                LAND OWNER'S ADDRESS:
                                            _T] Fo_[(_-@
                                          T                                                            MAP  ID                  I J _j
                        Colony size           Island Size (ha)             Subcolony
                             (ha)             (if aDvlicable)                number
                              Le              40 1 49 10 Ix     I

               Nearest Towns
               countyl                                                                            1AA1111111VV1
                                                                                                  1AA1111111VV
       'i   LA ;tate/Province/Territoryt
                                                                                                  Z
            L
            0  lountry:                                                                           -Z                          Z7P17
            u

                                                                                                                          + 4es          es     to   No.  Banded'
                       SPECIES                  Numbs    of          Total           Total                Total                  i   +t
         Lo W  L-r,.-Jon or Scientific Name   Breeding   Birds     Population    Active Nests     Youhg Out of Nest         Sta6e*      Substrate Thi..3  Visat
       i (UD Uc                                                                                                                               J_
            L        7PIZZ                                         -2
         W L
         4J
         -4 u
         co 0
         aj
         U  tun
         C  ID

         L  U
         L  ID
         u      +NESTING STAGE CODESi      1. Prenesting. 2. Pairing        territory establishment.          Egg laying. (@,,Incubatlon. (5-Hatching
         0  (D  I                                                                                         OD
            e                              6. Downy young. 7. Feathered young. 8. Young flying            or Iready for flight. '9. Renestl@g.' ' 10'. Loafing
         In 0
               1,++NEST SITE SUBSTRATE CODESe     1. Trees - coniferous. 2. Trees - deciduous. 3. Trees - mixed. 4. Shrub - medium hoight (2-7m).
                                                  5. Shrub - low                                            9
         U  C@@                                                    (2m or less), 6. Herbaceous (non- rass@. 7. Grass - beach grass. @.,,p@ass
         UP ,_@-+                                   lan         Marsh - salt. 10. Marsh - brackish. 11. Marsh - fresh. 12. Sani.                    Sa
         CL                                       up   d 8                 -                                                                   13.    nd-cobble-
                                                  she 11. (31@4    bble. ('13) Rocks -c rev less/hole s. 16. Rock-cliff face. 17. Burrows. 18. Dirt bank
                                                                 Col       --(specify)
                                                  19. Man-made etructura@                                                   20. Other
                 if space for more species to needed, use additional sheets and fill In the following Informations Sheet L?                      of,.3
               @+@NESTII

               MASS. COOP. WILD- RES. UNIT
               UNIV. OF MASS96 @MHERST MASS. 01002                                                  ONLY COMPLETE BOXES WITHOUT DIAGONAL LINES

                                B-441

                  Areas of Concentration of Species Occurrence
                  (from map in Penobscot Bay'Coastal Habitat Inventory)
                                                          it WS 1L. EAU HAUT

                    .2

                                                 ro
                                                         hy-

                                   ..............

                                                                              -7

    HABITAT OF COLONY (Circle one of A and one of B)

    A.	1.	Suburban
    	2.	Urban
    	3.	Rural
    	4.	Undeveloped
    	5.	Other

    B.	1.	Mainland sandy beach
    	2.	Marsh - salt
    	3.	Marsh - brackish
    	4.	Marsh - fresh
    	5.	Inland island
    	6.	Spoil bank
    	7.	Marsh island
    	8.	Barrier island
    	9.	Non-barrier island, coastal
    	10.	Bog
    	11.	Swamp
    	12.	Lake or pond
    	13.	Woodland
    	14. 	Tundra
    	15.	Field
    	16.	Other:

    CENSUS TECHNIQUE (Circle one)
    	1.	Visual estimate - air (fixed wing).
    	2.	Visual estimate - air (rotary).
    	3.	Visual estimate - boat, car, foot (circle which)
    	4.	Aerial photgraphic count.
    	5.	Total ground count - Individuals.
    	6.	Total ground count - nests.
    	7. 	Qaudrat census. (Sketch below)
    	8.	Line strip census. (Sketch below)
    	9.	Other: _______________________________________

    Note: Chick if more than one census technique has been used for this colony on the cirrent visit.  File seperate reports for each technique.

    COLONY HISTORY (Circle one or more)
    	1.	Force filed for previous years (see notes*).
    	2.	Colony present previously, but no exact data available.
    	3.	Colony considered to have moved from another site; Previous locality:___________________________
    	4.	Colony absent previous year.
    	5.	Area not visited previously.
    	6.	Other:_______________________________________

    HUMAN ACTIVITY (Check appropriate level of immediate activity of each type.  If the potential for activity exists, check where appropriate.)

    	TYPE				IMMEDIATE				POTENTIAL
    					None  Lt.  Med.  Hvy.
    Human Technology			X
    Human Habitation			X
    Human Recreation				X
    Vehicular Use			X
    Scientific Invest				X
    (Indicate exact type of activity in "remarks" area.)

    	Precip Type		Photog Filed

    	Tide			Sea Conditions

    REMARKS: Include comments on outcome of colony.  See Instructions

    	(1) Individual count from boat - 1f6 4 = 744 gulb.

    	*Please complete forms for earlier years if exact data available.  If form have been completed for earlier years, list years under Remarks.

    General Colony Sketch in relation to some prominent topographic feature.  Include approx. compass coordinates, directions to colony, and scale of distance.
    Sketch details of sample plots within colony boundary.

    SEE SHEET #2 of 3

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