[From the U.S. Government Printing Office, www.gpo.gov]








                    Comparison of Salt Marsh Restoration and
                     Creation Techniques in Promoting Native
                          Vegetation and Functionai Values



                                           DAVID BURDICK
                                     Department of Natural Resources
                                       Jackson Estuarine Laboratory
                                       University of New Hampshire
                                            Durham, NH 03824


                                                   and


                                          MICHELE DIONNE
                                 Wells National Estuarine Research Reserve
                                           Wells, ME 04090, and
                                           Zoology Department
                                       University of New Hampshire
                                            Durham, NH 03824





                                          Submitted July 29, 1994
                                          Office of State Planning
                                     New Hampshire Coastal Program
                                            2 1/2 Beacon Street
                                               Concord, NH


                This research was funded by a grant from the New Hampshire Coastal Program
                  through the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration pursuant to
                                     NOAA award        NA370ZO277-01.           &@@
                                                                             @' - V 00
                                                                                   9 $*If






                                         PrOPertY Of CSC Library






                                          ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS


             Many thanks to Fred Short for helpful discussions throughout the project.       Dan
             McHugh of Great Meadow Farms was the contractor for the Awcomin Marsh
             restoration and the Inner North Mill Pond mitigation projects, and we appreciate
             his help and discussions regarding this report as well as his efforts in salt marsh
             creation and restoration. We thank Ian Warden and Ty Corneau for their
             dedicated work on this project. Sincerest thanks to Peter Helm and Jim Lee for
             heartfelt encouragement.













                                                INTRODUCTION


                 Many salt marshes in New England and along much of the coastal United States
              have been destroyed by filling or draining (Mitsch and Gosselink 1986). Though
              currently protected from direct impacts by the Clean Water Act of 1972 (Section 404)
              and other environmental legislation, salt marshes continue to be negatively
              impacted by indirect effects of human alteration of the environment. Many of these
              indirect effects do not cause loss of marsh area, but they all degrade the marshes,
              reducing the functions and values of salt marshes in coastal ecosystems. Functional
              losses at impacted sites are often due to long-term effects of coastal structures that
              result in tidal restrictions (e.g., roads, impoundments; Roman et al. 1981, Burdick
              1992, Rogers et al. 1992, Dionne 1994, Bournans and Day, in press). In New England,
              the reduction of tidal exchange has been linked to the replacement of typical salt
              marsh plants by invasive species like Phragmites australis, Lythrum, salicaria and
              Typha spp. (Roman et al. 1981, Shisler 1990, Burdick 1992).


                 Additionally, salt marsh destruction is permitted under current U. S. regulations
              if there are no alternatives for development projects, especially in cases where the
              development is marine-related. If destruction is allowed, replacement of the same
              type of marsh of similar or greater area is usually required (specifics are granted by
              the U. S. Army Corps of Engineers on a case by case basis), and this process is termed
              mitigation. Replacement of salt marsh often includes creation of a new salt marsh
              in the vicinity of the one being destroyed. However created marshes may not
              survive, and even if they persist some marsh functions require from several years
              to decades to develop; with some never attaining the same level of performance as
              the original area (Kusler and Kentula 1990, Moy and Levin 1991).


                 The state of New Hampshire has lost approximately half of its coastal marshes
              since colonial times, and many remaining marshes are degraded due to indirect
              human impacts such as tidal restriction (Cook et al. 1993). Recently, it has been
              estimated that tidal restrictions are impacting 20% of New Hampshire's remaining
              salt and brackish marshes (Soil Conservation Service 1994). Degradation due to tidal
              restriction includes loss of marsh functions and often replacement of typical salt
              marsh plants by invasive and freshwater species (Shisler 1990). Restoration projects









              at two salt marshes in New Hampshire are based on increasing tidal exchange, and
              one includes active methods to deter Phragmites australis, an invasive plant.
              Destruction of a salt marsh on the Piscataqua River, scheduled as part of the New
              Hampshire Port Expansion Project, has been mitigated by creation of a salt marsh at
              a nearby site. Here we evaluate the processes of degradation and restoration
              through an examination of changes in hydrology, soils, vegetation and fish use of
              salt marsh restoration /creation sites.


                 In this report, we examine early results from three different types of projects that
              were designed to improve or replace marsh functions in New Hampshire. One
              project excavated tidal creeks through berms and marsh filled by dredge spoil
              (Awcomin Marsh), another added a large culvert through a road causeway that had
              eliminated tidal exchange about 30 years ago (Mill Creek), and a third created a new
              salt marsh as mitigation in an urban estuary (Inner North Mill Pond). Our results
              document pre-restoration conditions and early changes in several functions of the
              three different systems, which are then used to compare and evaluate the specific
              design of each project with respect to its goals.



                                                    METHODS
              Study sites:- Awcomin Marsh, which is directly inland of Rye Harbor, was the
              disposal site of dredge spoil from dredging activities in 1941 and 1962 (Figure 1).
              Large stands of Phragmites occur within and over the 1962 berm, spreading into the
              salt marsh that is behind the larger, encompassing 1941 berm. A major restoration
              effort was begun in 1992 to increase tidal exchange with the goal of reversing the
              spread of Phragmites. Two major tidal creeks were cut through the 1941 berm and
              a large portion of the 1962 berm was removed in 1992 (FIG. 1). In addition, several
              farmers' ditches were dug to encourage success of Spartina patens (salt marsh hay).
              Further work to increase tidal exchange and control Phragmites has included
              excavations of old dredge spoil from two areas and another tidal creek (Fig. 2).


                    Mill Creek at Stewart Farm in Stratharn (Figure 3) was once bordered by salt
              marsh. Salt marsh on both sides of the access road to the farm was supported by
              tidal exchange with Great Bay via the Squamscott River. Tidal flow into the upper
              creek above the drive was eliminated by installation of a culvert with a tide gate


                                                     2









              during road improvements in the early 1960s. The culvert allowed drainage from
              the creek downstream, but a flap gate did not allow reverse flow that would carry
              saline waters from Great Bay into the area. Hence, the wetlands bordering the creek
              upstream of the road had become fresh meadows. Recently, these areas have been
              overrun by purple loosestrife, Lythrum salicaria, an invasive weed (Stuckey 1980).
              Small Phragmites stands occur on the upstream and downstream sides of the access
              road, with no plans to remove or control this species.


                    North Mill Pond is in Portsmouth, and is currently the primary site where
              salt marsh was initiated as mitigation for the expansion of the Port of New
              Hampshire (Figure 4). Clean sediment has been placed on intertidal mudflats in
              eight lobes (approximately 0.4 ha) and has been planted with Spartina alterniflora.
              Design of the salt marsh includes tidal creeks between lobes and a pool that remains
              filled with water through low tides.


              Hydrolg=. The extent of tidal floodin was mapped on two spring and neap high
                                                       9                1
              tides at each site following restoration/ creation. Wells that communicate with
              interstitial sediment water from 5 to 20 cm below the surface were designed to
              measure shallow water table depths and allow water samples for salinity
              determinations to be taken rapidly. Salinity measurements were made with a
              temperature corrected optical refractometer to the nearest part per thousand (ppt).
              Wells were installed: 50 at Awcomin Marsh, 33 for Mill Creek at Stewart Farm, and
              24 at North Mill Pond. Water table depth (reported as cm below marsh surface), and
              salinity measurements were performed at Awcomin Marsh on eight dates in 1992,
              eight dates in 1993, and four dates in 1994, before, during, and after restoration
              activities. At Stewart Farm, eight data collections were done prior to the restoration,
              and four collections afterward. One set of measurements were taken at Inner North
              Mill Pond. Sample dates were distributed to include spring and neap fide periods.


              Soils: Soil sampling stations were established in coordination with well and
              vegetation sampling locations at the three sites. Twenty stations at Awcomin
              marsh, 18 at Mill Creek Marsh, and 24 stations in Inner North Mill Pond, all with
              two subsamples per station, were sampled. Soils were sampled for soil moisture
              (gravimetric determination), percent organic matter (loss on combustion at 4500 C
              for four hours), in situ redox potential (Eh at 1 and 10 cm depths), and salinity and


                                                       3









             pH on interstitial water expressed from cores (0-5 cm. deep). Soil temperature at 1
             and 10 cm depths was measured to correct Eh readings. During the study period,
             soils were sampled following restoration on two dates at Awcomin Marsh and one
             date at Mill Creek and Inner North Mill Pond. Pre-restoration baseline sampling,
             performed on two dates and ten stations at Awcomin Marsh (Burdick 1992), was
             included in the data analyses. Pre-restoration sampling was performed at Mill Creek
             in the summer of 1993, before the culvert was installed.


             Vegetation: Plant species (according to Tiner 1977), percentage of cover, canopy
             structure (stem height and density), and biomass were determined during the period
             of peak biomass (July to September) at each of the sites in 1993. In 1994, percentage
             cover was performed in June at Awcomin Marsh and Mill Creek. Habitat
             development will be assessed using plant occurrence and species composition.
             Percentage of plant cover was measured using a one meter square hoop at both
             restoration sites in July 1993 and June 1994, and at the created marsh in September
             1993. Aboveground biomass will be used to assess primary production. The
             potential for water filtration by the marsh was assessed using plant canopy structure,
             which is an integrative measure of the stem density and height of the dominant
             species (Table 1). Aboveground plant tissues were collected in 1993 for biomass and
             canopy structure from a 0.0625 M2 quadrat placed the same pre-determined distance
             and bearing from each sampling well as the soil collections for that period. Some
             pre-restoration sampling of vegetation was performed at Awcomin Marsh in 1992
             and will be included in the data analyses (Dionne, unpublished data). Additionally,
             rough vegetation maps based on vegetative cover before and following restoration
             were produced.


             In Inner North Mill Pond, plants were not harvested, but biomass was estimated
             from cover estimates and estimates of the area of the ten tallest plants within each
             quadrat: BIOMASS (g/0.0625m2) = 0.658*(%COVER) +.0557*(SHOOT AREA)
             Plants were collected from the natural reference marsh to develop the equation,
             which accounted for 89% of the variation in these data. Shoot area was obtained
             from stem heights and leaf numbers of the ten tallest stems within two 0.0625 m2
             quadrats for each station.

                                               4












             Table 1. Canopy structure is composed of serveral variables. First, shoot
             density and canopy height are integrated using the table below to provide
             a description of the three dimensional complexity of the dominant species.
             Then if other species are present, 1 is added to the value obtained for the
             dominant species to obtain the canopy structure.


             STEM DENSITY                            MEAN STEM HEIGHT (cm)
             (#/0.0625 m2                    0-8       >8-16     >1 6-32   >32-64      >64


             0                               0          0          0          0          0
             1-2                             1          2          3          4          5
             3-4                             2          3          4          5          6
             5-8                             3          4          5          6          7
             9-16                            4          5          6          7          8
             17-32                           5          6          7          8          9
             33-64                           6          7          8          9          10
             65-128                          7          8          9          10         11
             129-512                         9          10         1 1        12         13
             >512                            10         1 1        12         13         14





                   SHOOT AREA          [0.776*(SHOOT HEIGHT)
                                             - 0.2.26 if two leaves
                                             +0.003 if three leaves
                                             * 0.366 if four leaves
                                             + 0.626 if five leaves
                                             * 2.523 if six to eight leaves]
                   of the largest 10 shoots in the quadrat.


             Secondary producers: Marsh utilization by secondary producers was compared
             among the different sites with fish surveys to asses whether higher trophic levels
             are being supported by the restored and created marshes (Rogers et al. 1992). The
             use of the salt marshes by fish was determined following restoration/ creation
             activities at each site. Two stations were selected in low marsh along creek banks at


                                                 5









              each site, and Fyke nets with 16 meter wings were set on falling evening tides on
              two occasions (one spring and one neap tide) for each station. Net specifications and
              detailed methods for collection procedures can be found in Jackson Estuarine
              Laboratory Standard Operating Procedure 1.27 (JEL SOP 1.27). Fish were caught in
              the nets as they migrated out of the low marsh habitat with the falling tide. Fish
              were indentified to species and enumerated on site. Fish densities were calculated
              by determining the area of marsh fished at each site. Due to the low numbers of fish
              caught in some samples, data from both samples from each sampling site were
              combined. Data for individual samples are presented in Appendix 1.



                                                     RESULTS
              AWCOMIN MARSH, RYE
              Hydrology
              Tides: The two major creeks dug in 1992 allowed salt water to enter the area
              impounded by the 1941 berm throughout the lunar (spring/neap) tidal cycle.
              However, only spring tides were able to flood the marsh surface (Figure 5). A
              channel dug subsequently in 1993 through the area impounded by the 1962 berm
              and excavations within both impounded areas that removed about 30 cm of the
              dredge spoil overburden on the marsh may increase the saltwater flow into these
              areas on normal as well as spring tides. The disappearance of standing water on
              both sides of the 1962 berm indicates the excavated creeks are draining the standing
              water effectively. The extent of pre-restoration flooding at Awcomin Marsh was the
              1941 berm for neap tides and the 1962 berm for spring tides. Ditching in the area
              impounded by the 1941 berm also appears to have increased drainage in the vicinity,
              but neap flood tides do not appear to overflow these ditches and flood the marsh
              surface.


              Water Table Depth: Prior to restoration, the water table was substantially lower (by
              9.3 cm) in reference zone A than in restoration zone B, and similar to the water table
              in restoration zone C (Fig. 6a). After restoration in 1992, the water table was slightly
              lower in B than A (by 1.4 cm), and slightly lower in A than C (by 2.4 cm). After
              restoration in 1993 and 1994, the water table was lower in restoration zones B, C, and
              D than in reference zone A (Fig. 6b).


                                                    6










              Water Table Salinit3L Prior to restoration, water table salinities were higher in
              reference zone A than in restoration zones B and C, by about 8 ppt (Fig. 7a). After
              restoration in 1992, these differences in salinity were reduced to about 5 ppt. By 1993
              and 1994, salinities in A remained similar to 1992 values, while salinities in B, C,
              and D, were substantially greater than their 1992 values (Fig. 7a). Salinities among
              the four zones were fairly high and quite similar in 1993 and 1994, as compared to
              the lower and more variable data collected in 1992 (Fig. 7b). Salinities in A, B and C
              were essentially the same in 1993, while D was slightly lower. Salinities in A and B
              were essentially the same in 1994, while C and D were slightly lower.


              Sediments
              Soil salinLt3L In general, soil salinity was greatest at the reference marsh, Zone A,
              and decreased with each successive Zone (Fig. 8a). Salinity was greater in 1993 than
              in 1992, following the excavation of the creeks and ditches (Fig. 8b). Fresh water
              impounded within and pooled around the outside of the 1962 berm was drained by
              the creeks, resulting in dramatic increases in the salinity from 1992 to 1993. The
              reference marsh in Zone A showed the smallest relative increase in salinity from
              pre to post-restoration activities, while soils in Zones B, C, and D showed the largest
              increases. The increase seen in Zone A is likely due to month to month (synoptic)
              variation.


              Soil moisture: Soil moisture is reported as a percentage of the wet weight of the soil.
              A comparison of the four sampling times indicated that May was the wettest
              sampling period. Apparently, restoration had little effect on soil moisture, except
              perhaps reducing the extremes of soil moisture within the 1962 berm (Zone F).
              Across vegetation zones, soil moisture averaged 82% in the reference marsh, was
              slightly greater in Zones B and C (85%), fell back to 82% in Zones D and E, and was
              appreciably (significantly] lower within the 1962 berm 77%, Zone F), especially
              following restoration.


              Season had little effect on soil moisture in the natural marsh, but variation between
              months increased with impact to the marsh. Figure 9a shows that soil moisture was
              least variable in the reference marsh, but slightly greater in Zones B and C that were
              impacted by the dredge fill activities. Monthly variation in soil moisture was
              progressively greater in D and E and greatest in Zone F where impacts were greatest.


                                                        7











              Soil redox potential: The chemical potential of the soil to accept electrons is
              measured as Eh. By impeding oxygen entry to the soil, flooding is often responsible
              for lowering the Eh, which indicates whether oxygen or other electron accepters
              such as iron or sulfate are being used by respiring organisms. Soil redox potentials
              were generally positive, except at all the impacted sites in May, the wettest sampling
              period (Fig. 10). Eh at 1 cm depth was greater for the next three sampling periods
              and highest in October after restoration. Soil Eh at 1 cm was fairly consistent at the
              reference sites (Zone A) over the study period, but variability increased with the
              extent of impact, being greatest at Zone F (Fig. 10a). The trend of greater variability
              in Eh with greater impact was also observed for the soil moisture data.


              Generally, Eh was lower at 10 cm than at 1 cm depth, except in May prior to the
              restoration at the heavily impacted Zones D, E, and F (Figures 10 and 11). At 10 cm,
              Eh increased distinctly following restoration (Figure 11). The increase was also seen
              at the reference sites in Zone A, which is curious. Since Eh and soil moisture are
              normally negatively correlated (wetter soils have lower Eh), it is curious to note that
              the two wettest months, May and October, exhibited the extremes in soil Eh at both
              depths (Figs. 10 and 11). After restoration, the Eh at 10 cm increased the most at
              plant Zone F, behind the 1962 berm (that is, lowest Eh in May and highest Eh in
              October; Fig. 11 a).


              Soil 12H: In general, soil pH was never very low (above pH 4), and followed soil
              moisture. The wet conditions of May were accompanied by relatively high pH, close
              to neutral, except at Zone F, where fresh water was impounded (Figure 12b).
              Following restoration, the relatively drier conditions of June and October showed
              mild pH values of between 6 and 7, except again for Zone F. Instead of fresh, acidic
              water accumulating as occurred in May, the relatively high elevations within the
              1962 berm were drying out, and as the soil oxidized it became more acidic, with
              mean pH values between 5 and 6 (Fig. 12).


              Soil organic matter: The amount of organic matter in the soil, measured as loss on
              ignition, was determined only for soil samples taken after the restoration (1993). As
              would be expected, no significant differences in organic content were found between
              months after restoration (Fig. 13). The amount of soil organic matter is a measure of

                                                        8









              the ability of a soil to hold water as well as the ability of the organisms within to
              break down or respire the organic material. Soils having high organic matter
              content generally hold more water and have greater soil moisture than those under
              the same drainage conditions with low organic matter content. The pattern across
              the vegetation zones was similar to that of soil moisture, described earlier (Fig. 9)
              and these two variable were well correlated (r=


              Vegetation
              Mal2s: Before restoration work was started in 1992, the salt marsh vegetation in the
              impounded areas at Awcomin Marsh appeared quite different from the vegetation
              of the surrounding marshlands. Within, and to the West of the 1962 berm,
              Phragmites and Typha were growing in stagnant pools and advancing on the S.
              patens marsh that remained (Fig. 24). Beyond the Phragmites, but still within the
              1942 impoundment, brackish pools of Scirpus were surrounded by a mixture of S.
              patens and short form S. alterniflora. Surrounding marshes had tall S.
              alterniflora along the creek and panne edges, but almost pure stands of S. patens
               ver much of the area. From 1992 to 1993, following the first phase of restoration
              (Fig. 2), two major changes in the vegetation were noted. The first was the draining
              0


              of pooled water within both the 1962 and the 1941 berms. Specifically, drainage was
              improved inside and outside the northern portion of the 1962 berm, continuing
              northeast from the 1962 berm along the flanks of the new creek (Fig. 2), and inside
              the northeastern corner of the 1941 berm. All these sites have now been colonized
              by Salicornia and Spartina alterniflora, and now are beginning to be replaced by S.
              patens. This vegetation type is called the low mixed community (Figure 25)
              because it occurs in relatively low elevations.


              The other notable change from 1992 to 1993 was the continued advance of
              Phragmites eastward within the 1941 impoundment in vegetative Zone D and
              along the Northeast corner of the 1962 berm (Fig. 24 and 25). In 1992 these areas
              were classified as mixed S. patens and Phragmites. Over the last two years,
              Phragmites had spread and consolidated its position, resulting in clearer
              boundaries between the two species. Therefore, this category was replaced by
              monospecific classes in the 1994 map (Fig. 25). In contrast, three tiny stands of
              Phragmites in Zone B (Fig. 24) did not appear to expand in 1993. By 1994, these
              Phragmites 'satellite populations' were absent.

                                                        9











              Several other changes in the vegetation maps from 1992 to 1994 are apparent. Two
              large areas (Zone F and west of Zone E) have been excavated and no vegetation
              exists, save some scattered Salicornia seedlings. The large stands of Typha found
              here were killed by the restoration of tidal flooding. The area of mixed high marsh
              plants (High Mixed) to the west of the island (Trees), has largely been replaced by S.
              patens, while a large area to the east of the island is now classified as a mixed
              community of high marsh species (juncus gerardi, Distichlis spicata, Panicum
              virgatum, and Solidago semperviriens). Some of the differences in the high marsh
              mixed community may be due to seasonality of some of the species. The 1992 map
              was made in April, whereas the 1994 map was made in June.


              Percentage cover: Between 1993 and 1994, few substantial changes had occurred in
              the plant communities of Zones A, B, and C. In the refe   'rence zone (A), plant cover
              is mostly S. patens, with less than 10% contributed by S. alterniflora and other
              species (Fig. 26). Inside the 1941 berm (Zones B and Q, S. alterniflora becomes
              relatively more important along with Salicornia europea and others. Due to
              colonization of areas that had been pools in 1992, Salicornia showed a slight gain in
              cover in 1994 (Fig. 26).


              In Zone D where Phragmites is expanding, S.patens is dominant, but showed
              decline in 1994. Interestingly, Phragmites did not show an increase in cover where
              S.patens had declined. Although its apparent distribution had increased by 1994
              (Fig. 25), its vigor was poor. The rapid decline in vigor of Phragmites following the
              restoration of tidal exchange is shown by declines in the heights of the flowering
              heads. Reproductive stems decreased an average of 45 cm from 1992 to 1993; a
              highly significant decline both statistically ((x=0.01) and ecologically.


              By 1992 when the area was first mapped, Spartina patens had been replaced by
              Phragmites australis in Zones E and F. The 1993 data show that the plant cover at E
              was dominated by Phragmites, with minor amounts of S. patens and Juncus (Fig.
              26). Although the cover of Phragmites fell dramatically in 1994, it was not being
              replaced by its competitors; these plants fared poorly as well (Fig. 26).


                                                     10









              The high marsh Spartina species. S. pectinata, was also a dominant in Zone F. The
              excavation of the dredge spoil from the surface of large areas in Zones F and E
              eliminated all vegetation, yet by spring 1994, seedlings of Salicornia had begun to
              colonize these areas (Fig. 26).


              Biomass: In general, biomass of marsh plants was very high at Awcomin, with
              some zones averaging 5 kg dry weight /M2. In 1992, biomass determinations from
              clip plots were conducted in Zones A through C only. The 1992 results compare
              favorably with those of the same zones for 1993, except the standing crop in Zone B
              averaged about twice as much in 1992 as in 1993 (Fig. 27). The relative abundance of
              the species was similar for the two years, with S. patens dominant in Zone A, S.
              alterniflora about twice as great as S. patens in Zone B, and S. patens about 1 and
              1/2 times as great as S. alterniflora in Zone C.


              Phragmites was found in Zones D, E, and F, with the lowest biomass in Zone D and
              the greatest in Zone E (Fig. 27). Neither S. alterniflora nor S. patens were found in
              clip plots in Zones E and F. While Zone E had virtually no normal high marsh
              species, Zone F contained a stand of S. pectinata.


              Canopy structure: As for biomass, canopy structure was only determined for Zones
              A-C in 1992, then for all Zones in 1993. This measure, which focuses on the
              dominant plant, integrates stem density and average height to yield a relative
              measure of the potential of the vegetation to provide habitat structure and to act as a
              water filter during flooding. In 1992, canopy structure was greatest in Zone A and
              least in Zone C (Fig. 28), but exhibited a small range (10.5 to 115). In 1993, Zones A
              and C were virtually unchanged, but Zone B dropped over one point,; a decline also
              observed in the biomass data (Fig. 27). Zone D had a relatively high canopy
              structure value, whereas those of Zone E and F were the smallest found.


              Fish Use
              A low density of fish was present along the steep, low marsh bank of the natural
              creek bordering reference zone A. No fish were captured along the bare bank of the
              newly excavated creek bordering restoration zone B (Fig. 19b). Fundulus
              heteroclitus, Menidia menidia, and Pungitius pungitius were present in the
              samples.












              MILL CREEK STUART FARM, STRATHAM
              Hydrology
              Tides: Installation of the pipe-arch culvert (ca. 2 meters diameter) and removal of
              the flap gate on the old drain (ca. 0.8 meters diameter) have radically increased salt
              water flow into Mill Creek. The tide gate at Stewart Farm excluded virtually all tidal
              water from entering the marsh above the road. Now the marsh is being inundated
              on a daily basis by tidal waters (Figure 6). Reestablishment of tidal flooding occurred
              immediately after hydrologic modifications, extending just over the beaver dam
              upstream of transect #6.


              Water Table Depth: Prior to restoration, the water table was much lower in the
              upstream zone than the downstream zone (Fig. 22a). After restoration, the water
              tables in the two zones were essentially the same (Fig. 22b).


              Water Table Salinity: Prior to restoration, water table salinity was much greater in
              the downstream zone than the upstream zone (Fig. 23a). After restoration, the
              water table salinities were essentially the same (Fig. 23b).


              Sediments
              Salinity: Soil salinity increased dramatically upstream of the road following
              installation of the culvert in the fall of 1993 (0 to 12 ppt; Fig. 14). However, soil
              salinity increased in a similar fashion downstream of the road during this period (5
              to 17 ppt). Thus, although it appears obvious, the increases in salinity upstream of
              the road could not be attributed to the opening of the culvert, but only to differences
              in sampling period. On the other hand, the ecological significance between the fresh
              conditions turning to saline upstream (0 to 12 ppt), with the installation of the
              culvert, is clear. The downstream section of Mill Creek showed increased salinity
              from high to low (creekbank) stations, while the upstream portion followed no such
              trend, even following restoration (Fig. 14b).


              Soil moisture: Soil moisture was greater in the fall, especially at upstream transects
              and transect 5; the downstream transect through the Phragmites stand (Fig. 15a).
              Downstream stations at high and mid elevations had soils with relatively greater
              soil moisture than other stations (Fig. 15b). This is probably because creekbank

                                                         12









             stations at low elevations have greater mineral content and less organic materials.
             Upstream, long-term drainage may have led to oxidation and removal of organics,
             also resulting in lower soil moisture.


             Soil organic matter: The organic content of the soil showed no changes following
             restoration of tidal flow (Fig. 16). The percentage of organic matter was greater in
             the less-impacted transects (1 and 3). Transect five passes through a stand of
             Phragmites and this site had the lowest organic content downstream of the road
             (Fig. 16a). The population may have become established when the flap gate was
             installed and the road improved to support larger milk trucks in the early 1970s.
             Upstream of the road, low organic matter can be explained by the draining and
             oxidation of the organic matter in the soil. Creekbank stations had similar, but low,
             organic contents (12 to 15%), whereas Upstream stations at higher elevations had
             moderate levels (ca. 30%), and the downstream stations at higher elevations
             averaged 47% organics (Fig. 16b).


             Soil redox potential: Soil Eh at 1 cm depth was lower downstream of the road than
             upstream (Fig. 17a). It also declined with elevation at the downstream stations, but
             showed no trend at the upstream stations (Fig. 18a). Although soil moisture
             increased from spring to fall and Eh is usually inversely correlated with soil
             moisture, soil Eh increased dramatically from spring to fall (Figure 17a). In deeper
             soils, Eh was low at downstream reference transects 1 and 3 in the spring, and
             became more oxidized in the fall (Fig. 17b), as was found at the shallower soil depth.


             Soil 12H: Average pH in the Mill Creek soils was mildly acidic to neutral and did not
             vary greatly. Soil pH ranged from 6.2 to 6.7 in the spring and was lower in the fall,
             ranging from 5.7 to 6.7 (Fig. 19). No trends across elevation were noted (Fig. 19b).


             Vegetation
             Maj@s: Since the culvert was installed under the access road to Stuart Farm in the
             fall of 1993 to reestablish tidal flooding, some important vegetation changes have
             been observed upstream. The first broad meadow has relatively more Spartina
             pectinata and less Agropyron and Agrostis than it had the previous summer
             (Figs. 29 and 30). In addition, low elevations near the creek have experienced major
             changes in vegetation. On the 1994 map, a large area on the western side of upper

                                                     13









             Mill Creek is shown to have lost its vegetation and is bare. Although some
             Phragmites exists at Mill Creek (Fig. 29), the main invasive species which is seen as
             a problem is purple loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria). By spring of 1994, Lythrum
             appeared to be greatly stressed by increased salinity in Upper Mill Creek due to the
             reestablishment of tidal exchange.


             Percentage of 121ant cover: In order to facilitate interpretation and understanding of
             the most important changes at Mill Creek we have deleted the data from Transect
             #5 (through a Phragmites stand), and have' considered the six upstream transects as
             replicates and the four downstream transects as replicates. All transects have a high
             elevation station and a low elevation station at the limits of the emergent wetland
             vegetation (upland and creek, respectively), and a third station on the transect line
             equidistant from these two extremes.


             In 1993, the downstream marsh was mostly dominated by S.patens, with some large
             stands of Carex paleacea (Fig. 31). Both communities were fringed by S.
             alterniflora, as evidenced by its dominance of the low stations along the
             downstream transects (Fig. 31). Two stands of Phragmites were found adjacent to
             the road, but these data were excluded from the plant cover graphs. From 1993 to
             1994, the total percentage of cover for all plants in downstream transects dropped
             from 80-95% to 60-80%. The downstream marsh appears to have had S. patens
             replaced by other species at high elevations (Fig. 31), and slight drops in other species
             and S. alterniflora in the mid and low elevation stations, respectively. The fall in
             S. patens cover appears to be significant, but may be partly due to a seasonal effect.
             (S. patens is more conspicuous later in the season relative to other plants, and the
             plant cover was sampled in late July, 1993 and mid June, 1994.)


             Upstream of the access road, the vegetation was dominated by non-saline grasses of
             the genera Agropyron and Agrostis, as well as Lythrum at high and mid
             elevations in 1993. At low stations, Lythrum dominated the vegetation, but was
             accompanied by many fresh meadow forbs and grasses (Aster spp., Phalaris
             arundinacea, Polygonum spp., Typha angustifolia; Fig. 31). Restoration of tidal
             exchange severely impacted the plant communities upstream, as shown by changes
             in plant cover, which have fallen dramatically from about 90% in 1993 to 50% in
             June, 1994. Most of these losses represent declines in various fresh marsh species,

                                                  14









             but the major species affected is Lythrum (Fig. 31). Younger plants, which were
             found spreading into the higher elevations of the meadow in 1993, appear to have
             been killed, while the older, better established shrubs were reduced in vigor as seen
             in the large decline in cover at lower elevation stations (Fig. 31). Recent
             observations in July found all Lythrum dead. At the low elevation stations along
             the upper creek, most of the fresh water plants have been killed, and 37% of the 42%
             cover was filamentous green algae (Chaetomorpha?). As of June 1994, no species
             were flourishing in the flooded portions of the upper creek, and species dominance
             was often unclear. Two salt marsh species not present in 1993, Atriplex patula and
             Juncus gerardi, had begun to colonize the upstream marsh in 1994.


             Biomass: Biomass was assessed in mid-summer 1993, prior to restoration. The
             aboveground biomass of marsh plants was generally low at Mill Creek, averaging
             about 640 g/m2. There was a strong trend of increasing biomass with lower
             elevation, and this trend was evident both upstream and downstream of the tidal
             restriction (Fig. 32). The high elevation stations averaged about 250 g/m2 and the
             low elevations reached about 1 kg/m2. Downstream, S. patens and Carex paleacea
             were found in patches at high elevations, S. patens was dominant in the center of
             the marsh, and S. alterniflora dominated the creekbanks (Fig. 32). Upstream, fresh
             meadow grasses and forbs were important at all elevations, but Lythrum salicaria
             assumed dominance at the lowest elevation.


             Canopy structure: Developed from the 1993 harvest data, canopy structure is a
             measure of stem density and height. From the mouth of Mill Creek (Transect #1) to
             the beaver dam (Transect #6), canopy structure gradually declined from mean
             values over 10 to those under 9 (Fig. 33a). This suggests that the density and
             complexity of the vegetation decreased up the creek. Canopy structure was
             examined with respect to elevation down and upstream of the road. Downstream of
             the road, the canopy structure was relatively greater at mid elevations, with declines
             at the creekbank and at the upland border sometimes under the shade of trees (Fig.
             33b). Upstream, no trend with elevation was apparent, but the canopy structure was
             relatively low; below 10.













             Fish Use
             Intermediate densities of fish were present in the low marsh of the Mill Creek
             channel. Densities were essentially the same in upstream and downstream zones
             (Fig. 19a). Fundulus heteroclitus, Apeltes quadracus, Anguilla rostrata, and
             Lepomis sp. were present in the samples.



             INNER NORTH MILL POND, PORTSMOUTH
             Hydrology
             Tides: The hydrology of this system was not altered by this pr oject, but clean fill was
             placed on the surface of intertidal mudflats to increase the elevation for
             establishment of a new Spartina alterniflora marsh. The low organic, low nutrient
             fill was placed in eight lobes, each ca. 25 by 25 meters and graded to eleyations that
             matched the S. alterniflora marsh elevations on the north shore of Inner North
             Mill Pond. (The small S. alterniflora patches that were growing naturally on the
             east ashore are thought to be heavily impacted by railroad construction and
             represented only the upper portions of this plant's potential distribution (D.
             McHugh, personal communication).) Both neap and spring high tides flooded the
             entire area of plantings and natural patches of low marsh in the created marsh area
             (Figure 7).


             Sediments
             Salinity and 12H: Soil salinity was similar at the created and reference sites,
             averaging about 33 ppt (Fig. 20). However, average well salinity between the two
             sites was quite different. In the reference marsh, well salinities averaged 31 ppt, but
             in the created marsh they averaged 21 ppt (Fig. 20). Low salinity water is available to
             plant roots at most sites in the created marsh, but Surface soils are drained and
             subject to drying, which increases the salinities. Soil pH averaged slightly lower in
             the reference marsh soils (6.0) than in the created marsh soils (7.1, Fig. 21).


             Soil moisture and organic matter: Percentage wet weight of the soil was
             significantly greater in the reference marsh than the created marsh (Fig. 22a). The
             difference is probably a reflection of the amount of water the soil can hold which
             depends upon the organic matter content. The amount of organic matter of the



                                                    16









              soils was significantly greater in the reference marsh than the created marsh (Fig.
              22b). The amount of organic matter in the created marsh was very low, but showed
              an increase from the original sediment (0.76% +/-.05 SE).


              Soil redox 12otential: Average Eh values of the reference marsh sediments were
              always lower than those of the created marsh (Fig. 23). At 1 cm. depth, soil redox
              potentials were fairly similar for the created and reference marshes, but diverged
              greatly by 10 cm depth (Fig. 23). At 10 cm depth, the created soil was poorly oxidized
              (+250 mV), while that of the reference marsh was very reduced (-150 mV), and likely
              was supporting sulfate reduction.


              Vegetation
              Maps: The size and shape of the eight graded lobes of new sediment define the
              edges of the created marsh (Fig. 4). Sixteen sampling stations were randomly located
              in the created area, while eight were established in the marsh across the pond which
              was chosen as a reference area (Fig. 34). The goal of the mitigation was to create low
              marsh (marsh areas normally dominated by Spartina alterniflora which flood on
              neap as well as spring tides). Therefore, the mitigation effort only considered marsh
              dominated by Spartina alterniflora (low marsh), thus high marsh areas are not
              included in the maps nor in the sampling efforts. The entire area of the lobes were
              planted, totalling about 0.4 ha (1.0 acre), and all areas had fairly even cover at the
              time of the survey in September (Fig. 34).


              Percentage of 121ant cover:
              Plant cover was about 6-fold greater in the reference marsh (90%) than in the created
              marsh (15%; Fig. 35). Plant cover primarily consisted of S. alterniflora, by design,
              though some seaweeds were noted in the reference marsh. Salicornia and
              Limonium seedlings were found in the created marsh, but these represented less
              than 0.5% of the total-plant cover.


              Biomass and canopy structure: Biomass, like percentage cover, was about six-fold
              greater in the reference marsh (ca. 1 kg dry weight/m2) than in the created marsh
              (Fig. 35). Plants were not destructively harvested in the created marsh. Biomass was
              estimated from cover estimates and estimates of the leaf and stem area of the ten
              tallest plants within each quadrat. Large differences in the mean values obtained for

                                                        17









              canopy structure were found between the created and natural low S. alterniflora
              marshes (Fig. 35b).


              Fish Use
              Fish density was much greater in the Inner North Mill Pond reference zone than in
              the created marsh zone (Fig. 19c). The reference zone had much higher fish density
              at Inner North Mill Pond than at the reference zones of Awcomin Marsh or Mill
              Creek. Fundulus heteroclitus, Menidia menidia, and Anguilla rostrata were
              present in the samples. Fish density in the created marsh zone of Inner North Mill
              Pond was intermediate between the densities of the restoration zones of Awcomin
              Marsh and Mill Creek.


              AWCOMIN MARSH, RYE                   DISCUSSION
              The restoration activities at Awcomin marsh centered around two areas that had
              been impounded and filled with dredge spoil. The berms severely reduced tidal
              exchange, impaired fresh water drainage, and were associated with the rapid
              expansion of Phragmites into high marsh typically dominated by Spartina patens.
              The goal of the project was to restore tidal exchange and fresh water drainage by
              cutting tidal creeks through the berms and into the impounded areas. It was hoped
              that this action would deter the spread of Phragmites and restore natural marsh
              vegetation and functions.

              Because a substantial amount of dredge spoil had been placed on the marsh (ca. 30
              cm), only spring tides with a predicted height over 10 feet effectively flood the
              marsh surface behind the 1941 berm. The highest spring tide observed (10.5),
              flooded vegetation Zone B and most of Zone C (Fig. 5), but the stands of Phragmites;
              were at elevations above this flood tide. Higher high tides only occur several times
              a month.


              The disappearance of pools around the 1962 berm and the patterns of soil variables
              in the vegetation zones indicate an important effect of the restoration excavation
              has been to drain the standing water and remove it from the system. Much of the
              standing water was relatively fresh. Because the sediment elevation within the
              berms is relatively high, soils are drying out (high soil redox potential at 10 cm
              depth). Thus the infrequent tidal flooding is leading more to salinity stress as the
              vegetation uses the water in the soil (large salinity increases behind the 1941 berm),
              and less to flooding stress from tidal inundation (since it is so infrequent).

                                                       18









              The vegetation has already responded to many of these changes (within one to two
              years). Relatively low plant cover, biomass and canopy structure in vegetation Zone
              B for 1993 indicates these plants are stressed and the stress is likely from salinity,
              which was greatest in Zone B soils following restoration (Fig. 8). The declines in
              plant cover in Zones D and E were also likely due to soil changes from the
              hydrological restoration. Fresh and brackish species that dominated pools (Typha
              latifolia, Scirpus spp.) have been killed and replaced by Salicornia europea.
              Outside the 1962 berm, revegetation of pool areas has included S. alterniflora and
              S. patens. These areas are labeled as low mixed vegetation on the 1994 map. It is
              outside the scope of this study to describe the colonization process, but it is well
              known that S. europea can colonize areas quickly from seed, while Spartina
              species usually propagate vegetatively (Bertness 1992). The rapid recovery of the
              pools suggest that colonization by Spartina seedlings is also in portant in these
              areas. With only one year of data following restoration, no trend in primary
              production (biomass) or canopy structure has been noted, but the effects of
              impoundment and invasion by Phragmites are clearly shown by the lack of native
              salt marsh plant biomass in vegetative Zones E and F (Fig. 17).

              The vigor of Phragmites has been radically depressed, as indicated by the 45 cm
              drop in mean height of the flowering stems and the drop in cover from 1993 to 1994.
              Interestingly, native marsh species have not taken advantage of the increased light
              within the stands. Nothing appears to compete with the stressed Phragmites.
              Furthermore, Phragmites distribution had not decreased, but appeared to increase
              between 1992 and 1994. Phragmites stands in Zones D and B expanded and
              outcompeted native plants, but scattered shoots within these zones have
              disappeared. These results suggest Phragmites has consolidated its position in the
              face of increasing salinity, but has ceased to expand rapidly. It is unknown whether
              Phragmites releases plant toxins to gain competitive advantage or whether it
              simply dries out the soil by evapotranspiration, and the competing plants succumb
              to drought stress. As Phragmites continues to be impacted and is further reduced
              in vigor, as seen in 1994, will native species like S. patens be able to reclaim these
              areas?


              The pattern of changes in Phragmites at Awcomin Marsh suggest that cutting
              channels between stands of Phragmites and native vegetation will exclude
              Phragmites only if the channel brings in saline waters and no plants have invaded
              beyond the channel. At Awcomin Marsh, a creek was excavated at the edge of a
              Phragmites stand, but the plants had already spread to the other side, and this
              population has expanded (Fig. 15).      19










              Fish utilization of newly created channel habitat appears to be deterred by the shape
              and/or elevation of the channel, and by the lack of Spartina alterniflora low marsh
              habitat with tall plants that provide cover.

              In conclusion, the hydrological changes effected at Awcomin Marsh through creek
              excavation and ditching has a strong effect on water and soil variables that structure
              the plant community. Indeed, many changes in the plant community are occurring,
              but they are not all as expected. It is likely that several more years will be required to
              determine if we may expect the desired results at this site. Vegetation in Zones B
              and C had increased S. patens cover and may be becoming more like the reference
              area, A. Fresh and brackish grasses growing in pools have been killed and replaced
              by salt marsh plants. Phragmites distribution expanded (on the outside of the
              creeks), but its vigor and cover has declined. As yet, this decline has not yet been
              accompanied by increased native vegetation in Phragmites stands.

              MILL CREEK STUART FARM, STRATHAM
              Tidal deprivation through use of a tide-gated culvert, as on the Mill Creek at Stuart
              Farm, is a common form of tidal restriction. Tidal deprivation leads to a drastic
              change in hydrology for a salt marsh system. However, the physical manipulation
              required to restore hydrology is relatively simple, compared to hydrologic
              restoration of filled marsh (Awcomin Marsh), or creation of new marsh (Inner
              North Mill Pond).


              The reconnection of the natural channel severed by the causeway across Mill Creek
              in September of 1993 led to complete and immediate restoration of tidal flow to the
              upstream marsh. While the increase in soil salinity in the upstream zone cannot be
              attributed to the restored tidal flow, the changes in water table level and salinity are
              indicative. By June of 1994, water table depth and salinity had converged completely
              with that of the downstream zone. Prior to restoration, the water table in the
              upstream zone was 10 cm lower than the downstream zone. After restoration, the
              water table is almost the same in the two zones 0 cm shallower upstream than
              downstream). It appears that the culvert size chosen is adequate to allow proper
              drainage from the upstream zone. This zone is subject to extensive flooding on
              spring tides due to lowered surface elevations (relative to the downstream marsh),
              caused by,soil oxidation during three decades of tidal deprivation. The water table
              salinity of the upstream zone was essentially zero prior to restoration, 13 ppt lower

                                                       20









              than the downstream salinity. After restoration, the salinity of the two zones was
              equal (15 ppt). Soil moisture also increased dramatically upstream after tidal
              restoration, increasing the ability of the substrate to support wetland vegetation.


              A number of changes in the vegetation of the upstream zone were observed in June
              of 1994, the first growing season after tidal restoration. There was a considerable
              decline in vegetative cover, due to important declines in the invasive dominant
              Lythrum, and fresh meadow forbs and grasses. Two typical salt marsh plants not
              present in 1993, Atriplex patula and Juncus gerardi, were sparsely colonizing the
              newly opened space. Another typical fringing salt marsh species, Spartina
              pectinata, increased in abundance. It appears that the system has begun to change
              from fresh marsh to salt marsh vegetation. The rate and extent to which recovery of
              salt marsh vegetation occurs cannot be predicted from this initial data.


              Fish were sampled at Mill Creek in the first month after tidal restoration. Fish
              densities in the upstream and downstream zones were essentially the same,
              indicating a rapid colonization of the new tidal habitat. In contrast to the bare, steep
              banks of the new channel at Awcomin Marsh, the banks of the upstream channel at
              Mill Creek were gently sloping in places, and there was good cover of freshwater
              submergent vegetation. On the first sampling date, one strictly freshwater fish
              (Lepomis sp. - a sunfish) was captured. The american eel (Anguilla rostrata), a fish
              that migrates to fresh water during its adult phase, was well represented. Two
              weeks later, on the second sampling date, only typical salt marsh species were
              present in the sample. During the spring of 1994, we observed a strong run of
              alewives (Alosa pseudoharengus) in the upstream zone on one date in early June.
              Alewives were known to enter the downstream zone in years prior to restoration,
              but access to spawning habitat was blocked by the tide gate. It appears that
              restoration of tidal flow to the upstream zone could lead to restoration of a self-
              sustaining population of alewife to Mill Creek.


              INNER NORTH MILL POND, PORTSMOUTH
              Mitigation activities at INMP focused on creating a 0.4 ha low marsh (dominated by
              Spartina alterniflora) to replace values lost from a marsh that will be destroyed by
              expansion of the New Hampshire Port Authority. Spartina alterniflora was planted
              at a pilot site (two lobes) in November, 1992 that was badly damaged by ice scour that
              winter (15% survival). The two lobes were replanted in May 1993 and the other six


                                                  21









             lobes were planted in June. The planted areas are covered by neap and spring high
             tides, but almost the entire pond drains at low tide as well. Soil organic matter is
             very low, leading to oxidized soils that dry out and become as saline as the reference
             site. This is probably a good soil characteristic for excluding undesirable species at
             this site. Well-established plants can access the lower salinity water found deeper in
             the soil (5 to 20 cm), because the soil is not severely reduced (as in the reference site
             at 10 cm). Evaluation of the project after one growing season showed that
             approximately 15% of the functional values of primary production and percent
             cover of Spartina alterniflora, and fish use were attained relative to the reference
             marsh across the pond.

             The winter of 1994 was very hard and the ice damage was again severe. However,
             the plants had all summer to grow and only the outer edges (3 to 5 m) of the lobes
             and one lobe interior exhibited substantial damage. In June 1994, the continued
             development of salt marsh vegetation was stimulated by the natural establishment
             of thousands of S. alterniflora seedlings. Although ice damage over the past two
             winters has been severe, the prospects for successful establishment of a valuable salt
             marsh with functional values approaching those of the reference site by 1997 appear
             excellent.


             TECHNIQUES TO REPLACE SALT MARSH FUNCTIONAL VALUES
             In this study we have documented changes in hydrology and soils for three
             contrasting salt marsh restoration/ creation projects and their initial effects on
             wetland plant and animal communities. At Awcomin Marsh, the increased
             drainage from the excavated channels and ditches has increased the salinity of the
             soils, leading to the loss of freshwater plants, deterring the spread of Phragmites in
             some areas, and favoring typical salt marsh plant species. However, the raised
             elevation of the berm reduces the frequency of tidal flooding. The consequent
             reduction in tidal exchange makes the system less like a wetland in terms of 1)
             reduced potential for water filtration, and 2) export of primary production to the
             water column for use by fish. 'Fish utilization could be improved by increasing the
             depth and reducing the bank slope of the excavated channels. Holding pools for fish
             could also be excavated. It is not clear what effects the recent removal of dredge
             spoil in zone F will have on the system; this should be monitored.

             At Stuart Farm, the upstream restoration zone is lower in elevation than the
             reference zone, increasing the potential for exchange of organic matter between
             water and wetland. The initial changes in vegetation upstream are the loss of plant
             biomass, productivity and canopy structure. However the underlying hydrology,


                                                22









               and the colonization and expansion of salt marsh species suggest that these initial
               losses of wetland function are transient. The immediate colonization of the
               upstream zone by fish may actually be a response to a transient spike in organic
               matter provided by decaying plants exported to the water column. Although the
               post-restoration phase at Stuart Farm is the shortest of the three systems studied, the
               changes observed have been the most dramatic. At Inner North Mill Pond, the
               substrate rather than the hydrology of the system was manipulated. The survival
               and growth of the planted vegetation in a previously unvegetated area constitutes
               an increase in wetland functional values. Fish utilization of the habitat should
               increase with increased vegetative cover. Of the three systems, this is the one site
               for which clear prediction of a steady increase in functional values is warranted.

               The impacts experienced, and the objectives of mitigation for each of the wetlands
               described above are different. One statement does hold true for all: it is very early in
               the post-restoration /creation phase for each system. It is not possible at this point to
               predict the full nature and extent of the responses of these systems to restoration or
               creation. Figure 41 provides a schematic time line indicating the scales at which
               underlying conditions and functional values develop in salt marsh systems.
               Monitoring of these systems must continue beyond the initial phase reported in this
               study, if the success of these restoration/ creation projects is to be accurately assessed.



                                                       REFERENCES


               Bertness, M. A. 1992. The ecology of a New England salt marsh. American Scientist
                  80:260-268.


               Boumans, R. M. J. and J. W. Day. in press. Effects of two Louisiana marsh
                  management plans on water and materials flux and short-term sedimentation.
                  Wetlands.


               Burdick, D. M. 1992. Pre-restoration assessment of sediments and vegetation at
                  Awcomin Marsh, Rye, New Hampshire. Office of State Planning, Concord, NH.
                  13 pp.

               Cook, R. A., A. J. Lindley Stone, and A. Ammann. 1993. Method for the Evaluation
                  and Inventory of Vegetated Tidal Marshes in New Hampshire. (Coastal Method).
                  Audubon Society of New Hampshire, Concord, NH. 77 pp.

               Dionne, M. 1994. Coastal Habitat Alteration. Proceedings from the Gulf of Maine
                  Habitat Workshop, April 12, 1994. Boothbay Harbor, ME. The Gulf of Maine
                  Regional Marine Research Program.           23










              Kusler, J. A., and M. E. Kentula. 1990. Executive Summary. In: Kusler, J. A., and M.
                 E. Kentula, (eds.). Wetland Creation and Restoration. Island Press, Washington,
                 D.C.

              Mendelssohn, I. A. and D. M. Burdick. 1988. The relationship of soil parameters and
                 root metabolism to primary production in periodically inundated soils. pp. 398-
                 428. In: D. D. Hook et al. (eds.) Ecology and Management of Wetlands Vol. 1:
                 Ecology of Wetlands. Croom Helm, Breckingham, UK.

              Mitsch, W. J., and J. G. Gosselink. 1986. Wetlands. Van Nostrand Rheinhold, New
                 York. 539 pp.

              Moy, L. D., and L. A. Levin. 1991. Are Spartina marshes a replaceable resource? A
                 functional approach to evaluation of marsh creation efforts. Estuaries 14:1-16.

              Rogers, D., B. Rogers and W. Herke 1992. Effects of a marsh management plan on
                 fishery communities in coastal Louisiana. Wetlands 12: 53-62.

              Roman, C. T., W. A. Niering and R. S. Warren 1984. Saltmarsh vegetation change in
                 response to tidal restrictions. Environmental Management 8: 141-150.

              Shisler, J. K. 1990. Creation and restoration of the coastal wetlands of the
                 northeastern United States. pp. 143-170 In: Kusler and M. E. Kentula, (eds.).
                 Wetland Creation and Restoration. Island Press, Washington, D.C.

              Sinicrope, T. L., P. G. Hine, R. S. Warren and W. A. Niering. 1990. Restoration of an
                 impounded salt marsh in New England. Estuaries 13:25-30.

              Soil Conservation Service. 1994. Draft: Evaluation of Restorable Salt Marshes in
                 New Hampshire. U.S. Department of Agriculture. 30 pp.

              Stuckey , R. L. 1980. Distributional history of Lythrum salicaria (purple loosestrife)
                 in North America. Bartonia 47:3-20.


              Tiner, R. W., Jr. 1987. A Field Guide to Coastal Wetland Plants of the Northeastern
                 United States. University of Massachusetts Press, Amherst, MA. 285 pp.









                                                      24























                                                         80
                                                                                                                 7  8  9


                                        1941 Berm
                                                            4                                             A          4
                                                                 5
                                                                     6                     go            1        5
                                                                 c                                               6
                                                                                                         2
                                                             3                7
                                                                 2                                        3
                                                                               8
                                            Trees                   70                  4
                                                                                6   5
                                                                              9


                                                                                        1 On
                                                      3      6o
                                                        5E                               B
                                               a    6       2
                                              4E
                                                         5                                    1   2  3\
                                                             4
                                                 E  30
                                                                                   ...................................
                                                                          F  2 E
                                                                                      1962 BeLT





                                                                     trees







                                              1962 Berm


                               Construction /              Transect Legend
                                                        1993


                               0    Wells                       40   Wells on Transects

                              17-q  Preconstruction Creeks      A - F Vegetation Zones
                              Ulm                                         Post Construction                              Route 1A
                                    Post Construction Creeks              Ditches





                Figure 1. Awcomin Marsh, Rye.                  Sampling wells, transects, and construction activities
                completed before the growing season in 1993.



                                                                     25








                                   N


                                                          80
                                                                                                                      9
                                                                                                                 7 8


                                        1941 B(
                                                             4                                           A
                                                                                                                    4
                                                                 5
                                                                     6                    go                      5
                                                                                                        1
                                                                 C                                              6
                                                                                                        2
                                                             3                7
                                                                                                         3
                                                                 2
                                            Trees                 70          8     104
                                                                                6
                                                                             9

                                                                                       ion                      rv
                                                             6o
                                                        5,                              B
                                                   6         2
                                             4o
                                                 E       5                                   1   2  30
                                                   3 X       4

                                                                                                 .... .... .....



                                                                                     1962  Berm
                                                                        F





                                                                     trees







                                            1962 Berm


                             Construction / Transect Legend
                                                        1994

                              E    Wells                       A - F     Vegetation Zones
                                   Wells on Transects                    Post Construction
                                   Preconstruction Creeks                Ditches
                            LUM                                                                                        Route 1A
                                   Post Construction Creeks       ED     Excavated




                    Figure 2. Awcorrdn Marsh. Sampling wells and construction activities completed before
                    the growing season in 1994.
                                                                                                          //4Rute 1A

                                                                      26









                                               Beaver             dam:                         Upper
                                                                                                                                              Transect legend
                                                                  ............
                                                                                              Mill                                                    1994
                                                                  ...........
                                                                  .............  ....
                                                                  ........... . .....
                                                                  ............ . .....
                                                                  ...............  ....
                                                                  ................  ....
                                                                  ...............  ....
                                                                                               Creek
                                                                  ..................... ...                                                   E] Marsh
                                                                  ...............
                                                                                                                                                                          Well          1

                                                                  .............
                                                                  .....   ... ..
                                                                                                                                              Creek
                                               a Q 0 a            X
                                                                                                                                                                     x Well             2
                                          4 a Do a 0 a
                                             060600,X.
                                          Doe QQ-                                                                                             New Channel
                                          %-@
                                      Q: a
                                                                                                                                                                            Well        3
                                                                  Q                                                                           Trees
                               %-%-ff -1                          "-4
                                - - a a?;%- %% a                    ..........
                                00060006-
                                                                           .. ........
                                                                    .... ..       .........
                              -00090000                           Q
                                                                    . .....       ... ....                                                    One Inch Equals 58.42 Meters
                                 Q
                                    a     w DID a                 W-2W-a 10-
                                    W w w        'a.                :...........
                                    DID -2
                                    DID Q a                       a- -a-0-0-0                      D
                                                                  QQQQ .......................
                                          a-DID-200 Doe
                                    QQQQQQQ                       4D 0 0 Q
                                   Q a Q 0 Q .3 a Q Q a a Q
                                    1200,300 DID Q g a a a a
                                          0 Q
                                          Doe ID000
                                          -0 Q Q a -a Q Q a Q

                                                                                        .. ........
                                            Q 0                                                                     2
                                             a a                                                                                                                            Lower
                                               12 a Q a a Q       - -
                                                  00 Do
                                                                                                        . . ........                                                        Mill
                                                  DID QQ          .........
                                                                         ....................        ... ....
                                                                          .............. . .
                                                                    ...................
                                                                                                                ..............
                                                                                                  ......        .............
                                                                                           ...........      ................
                                                                                                            . ..............
                                                                                                            ................
                                                                                                            ................                                                Creek
                                                                                                            ........... I ....
                                                                                  ..................        ................
                                                                            .......................         .................
                                                                    .............................           ............
                                                                  ...............................
                                                                                      ................      ............ ..


                                                                                                                .........                     ....
                                                                                                                .........                     ...
                                                                                  ................

                                                                            .......... )DOXM-ma-
                                                                                                       .;.6%                                  Q a a a 41 g a a 4

                                                                                                                                              go a -a a DID a a
                                                                                      'doe.                                                   a Q a Q a Q a 41 a 4)
                                                                                      h                  -w                                   -:- 4 Q 4 41 a a Q a 4 a
                                                                                                          Q
                                                                                                            Q.                                X- a Q 4 'a a 4 QQQQ
                                                                                              .......... .                                    00004001000
                                                                                       )Q-Q
                                                                                         Q-Q a I.:                                            Q414aa0aaaQa413a 12QQ
                                                                                                                                                      agog
                                                                                                                5 a                                   84 111 w w

                                                                                                            w 4 w Q   ... ...........
                                                                                                                                                      000
                                                                                                                                              D       .1aa00
                                                                                                      a  QQQQQ
                                                                                                      e@o Q a Q       X
                                                                                                   4 0 0 Q  0 Q a Q
                                                                                                                                                      ...................
                                                                                                                                                      .................   0
                                                                                                                                                                         Q a a
                                                                                                                                              ...............
                                                                                              A a a Q,
                                                                                                                                              .... .......
                                                                                                                                              ................ .........
                                                                                                0400000
                                                                                                                                              .......... .......
                                                                                             4aaaIa'agoo                                      .........
                                                                                                                                              ....... ..........
                                                                                                                                                      ........... .
                                                                                         49@?Q 0 Q a a 41 Q                                   Q a a
                                                                                             a a a a a a a Q t 0 Q a a 0 Q Q                                         QQQQOQ
                                                                                                                                              ....................... QQQQQaQ
                                                                                       a go a 0 0 a 4 a a a a 4 4 4 a Q 0 0 a                                        %0 a -3 -a a
                                                                                        Q go ig. a a a Q a a a Q a a 0 a a a a a                                      QQQQQQQ
                                                                                       a Q go a Q Q a a a 0 a 0 a a 0 4 a a Q 0                                      DOID00000
                                                                                      a a a ga a 0 a Q 0 a a Q a a 0 a g Q a a                                       0 - go .,Do
                                                                                                                                                                                     0000000
                                                                                      a       Q a a a Q a 0 Q 0 4 a 0 Q a a a 0 a                                        000        a a 0 a 0 4
                                                                                                                                              Q       V......
                                                                                                                                                                                 00000040
                                                                                                                                              Q g a 0 Q a a *.'.*.'-'.'.*.'.*.'.*.' *
                                                                                                    WOO w Q w W ?ee,                                                        X          a 000
                                                                                  0 Q a a a a 0 0 a a a 0 'A 0 a a 0 -a a a Q a a Q a                                                       QQQ 4
                                                                                  go 0 Q a a 13 a a a 4 a 4:070 0 a 0 -a a a a a 0 a a
                                                                                                                                                      .............  ...
                                                                                                                                                                         X
                                                                                                                                                      ............   ...
                                                                                                                                                      ..........
                                                                                                                                                      ..........
                                                                                                                                                      ..........     . ........... ..
                                                                                                                                                                     .............
                                                                                                                                                             ... .............
                                                                                       -'0Q4 14 a a Q a a Q a 9 a Q a 12 a a a a Q a a a 4'
                                                                                                                                                                     ................
                                                                                            4
                                                                                               go gage I& go a go 4 a a a 0                                                                         ...
                                                                                              :q                                              4 4 P a                         ......        ..........
                                                                                                 0 a a a a a a Doe a a a                      a g
                                                                                                                                                      .........  ..............        ..............
                                                                                                                                                      .......    ..............       ..............
                                                                                                       zo a a a a a a a 4 Q 4 0 Q 4 41 4 Q
                                                                  N
                                                                                                                        ZQ Q Q 0 a 4 4 a a                                                  .........
                                                                                                                                                      ...... . . ........        ......... .........
                                                                                                                                                      ........  ..............  ..... .................


                              Figure 3. Mill Creek at Stuart Farm, Stratham.                                         Sampling wells along transects and the new
                              channel for the arched culvert installed under the access road in October 1993.





                                                                                                          27








                        Construction / Station Legend
                                            1993


                                  Stations                  Creek
                                                                                                                               N
                                             Bounds of
                                                                                            8 T
                                             Survey                                         .7
                                                                                            06

                                                                                           0,5

                                                                                           04

                                                                                             193
                                                                             Natural
                                                                               Marsh







                                                                   Inner North
                                                                     Mill Pond


                              NO,





                                           %                 016                                Created
                             Access Road                        015
                                                                          0                        Marsh
                                                                       1-4 13    12
                                                                                  ell

                                                                                       10 09

                                                                                               '8   70

                                                                                                        0
                                                                                                       6
                                                                                                        5*
                                                                                                                  3

                                                                                                                         2





                   Figure 4. Inner North Mill Pond, Portsmouth. Sampling wells at the created and reference
                   marshes, and lobes of fill needed for establishing low marsh.


                                                                        28








                                   N


                                                                                                          Ark




                                                                         V.
                                        1941 Berm
                                                                                                           A
                                                                                 %'k            f

                                                                      L
                                                                 C





                                             Trees






                                                                                          B


                                                                                         r
                                                  E

                                                                                                    ...............
                                                                                         ................




                                                                                        1962  Ber






                                                                       trees







                                              1962 Berm


                                     Extent of High              Tide      Legend
                                                           1993


                                   Preconstruction Creeks              Post Construction Creeks
                             LIM                                 El

                                        Post Construction        A - F Vegetation Zones
                                        Ditches
                                                                                                                           Route 1A
                             - - - - -  Spring  Tide (7-28-93)   - Spring Tide (8-26-93)

                                                          Bounds of Survey



                     Figure 5. Awcomin Marsh. Extent of tidal flooding on two spring tides following
                     restoration activities of 1992. Flooding on neap tides was confined to inside natural and
                     restoration creeks for all areas.
                                                                           29





                  a   30                 AWCOMIN MARSH

                                                                                     YEAR

                                                                                   El 92*
                                                       T
                                                                                       92
                IL
                LU z  2o-                                                              93

                                                                                       94
                _j

                   E
                cc E  lo-
                LU 0


                   E



                       0
                               A            B             C

                                                ZONE



                  b   30-

                   om%                                                                ZONE


                                                                                    El A
                a.                                                                  M B
                LU
                      20-
                                                                                        C
                LU
                _j
                Ca
                   E

                LU 0  lo-

                   E




                       0
                              *92            92           93            94


                                                 YE
                                                  AR


               Figure 6. Awcomin Marsh. Water table depths expressed as distance (cm) from the marsh
               surface to the water table as measured in wells. Depths measured in 1992 prior to
               hydrologic restoration are denoted by 1992*.

                                                  30






                   a                      AWCOMIN MARSH

                       40-
                   CL                                                             YEAR
                   CL
                   %..,                                                          C3 92*
                   >-                                     OTM                        92
                       30-

                                                                                     93
                                                                                     94J
                       20-
                   LU


                   M


                       10-


                   LU



                        0
                                A            B            C            D


                                                 ZONE



                       40-
                   CL                                                            ZONE
                   CL
                                                                                 El A
                   >-  30-
                   F-                                                            EM B

                                                                                     C
                   -j
                                                                                     D
                   Cn  20-

                   LU


                   M


                       10-


                   LU




                       0
                             *92          92            93           94

                                                 YEAR
               Figure 7. Awcomin Marsh. Water table salinities expressed in parts per thousand (ppt) as
               measured in water sampled from wells. Salinities measured in 1992 prior to hydrologic
               restoration are denoted by 1992*.





                                                  31











                   a    40

                                                                       MONTH



                                                                  PRE-RESTORATION
                        30-                                             MAY

                                                                        JULY


                                                                  POST-RESTORATION
                   Z
                        20-                                             JUNE

                                                                        OCT
                                      ....  ....  ....


                   _j


                        10
                                                      N..






                         0
                              A     B     C      D     E     F


                                           ZONE

                        40-    PRr=-RESTORATION   POST-R ESTO RATION   PLANT
                                                                   COMMUNITIES



                        30-                                                A

                                                                           B


                                                                           C


                   Z                                                       D
                        20-

                                                                           E
                   (n
                                                                       E3 F
                   E5
                        10-








                         0
                              MAY       JULY     JUNE      01jr

                                          MONTH
             Figure 8. Awcon-dn Marsh. Soil salinity of interstitial water from 1 to 5 cm, depth. Values
             are means for each vegetative zone +/- standard error. a. Salinity means for each month by
             zone. b. Salinity means for each zone by month.


                                           32











                     a  oo
                                                                       MONTH



                                                                   PRE-RESTORATION
                        90-                                             MAY
                                                                        JULY


                                                                      -RESTORATION
                                                                  POST
                     W
                                                                        JUNE

                                                                        OCT
                        80-
                     (n


                                                             T
                     _j


                        70-








                        60-
                             A      B     C     D      E     F

                                           ZONE


                        100
                              PRE-RESTORATION   POST-RESTORATION       PLANT
                                                                    COMMUNITIES



                        90-                                              A

                                                                         B

                                                                         C


                                                                         D
                        so-
                     Cf)
                                                                         E


                                                                         F

                     _j


                     co 70






                        60-
                              WY       JULY     JUNE      Ocr

                                           MONTH
             Figure 9. Awcomin Marsh. Soil moisture reported as a percentage on a wet weight basis
             from 1 to 5 cm depth. Values are means for each vegetative zone standard error. a.
             Moisture means for each month by zone. b.Moisture means for each zone by month.


                                           33










                      a      600-
                                                                                     MONTH



                                                                                 PRE-RESTORATION

                             400-
                                                                                        MAY
                      Z
                      W
                                                                                        JULY
                          E
                      0
                      CL                                                             -RESTORATION
                                                                                 POST
                             200-
                      x
                                                                                        JUNE
                      0
                          LLJ
                      LLJ                                                               OCT


                               O_                       KIA
                                                        T



                             -200-
                                    A      B       C       D      E       F

                                                    ZONE

                             600    PRE-RESTORATION        POST-RESTORATION             PLANT
                                                                                     COMMUNITIES



                             400                                                           A

                      Z                                                                    B
                      w
                      01-                                                               El C

                                                                                           D
                      x      200
                      0                                         '15
                                                                                           E
                         W
                      w
                                                                                           F

                               0








                             -200
                                     MAY        JULY       JUNE        X7

                                                   MONTH
                Figure 10. Awcon-dn Marsh. Soil redox potential (Eh) at 1 cm depth. Values are means for
                                                                         IN





































                each vegetative zone +/- standard error. a. Eh means for each month by zone. b. Eh
                means means for each zone by month.
                                                    34













                             a        600-
                                                                                                               MONTH



                                                                                                         PRE-RESTORATION

                                      400-                                                                        MAY

                                                                                                                  JULY
                             Z
                             U@j                                                                         POST-R ESTO RATION
                             0                                                                                Ej JUNE
                                      200-                                                                        OCT
                             0
                                                                               ....       ...       ..
                             LLJ W
                                                            ...                ....       ...





                             U)






                                      -200-1--



                                                                    ZONE



                                      600-
                                                PRE-RESTORATION              POST-RESTORATION                  PLANT
                                                                                                          COMMUNITIES


                             _j
                                                                                                                   A
                                      400-


                             Z
                             w                                                                                     C
                             00
                             (L                                                                                    D
                             x    to  200-
                             0
                                 Uj                                                                             El F
                             LLI


                             _j
                                         0-

                             Cn


                                      -200-     MAY           JULY           JUNE            OCT

                                                                   MONTH
                                                                                   J/Av I















                     Figure 11. Awcomin Marsh. Soil redox potential (Eh) at 10 cm depth. Values are means
                     for each vegetative zone +/- standard error. a. Eh means for each month by zone. b. Eh
                     means means for each zone by month.              35












                              a     8


                                                                                                       MONTH



                                                                                                 PRE-RESTORATION
                                                                                                     E3 MAY

                                                                                                         JULY



                                                                                                POST-RESTO RATION
                                    6-
                              0                                                                          JUNE
                              Cf)
                                                                                                         oar



                                                                            0/1"i



                                    4-
                                          A         B        C       D        E        F

                                                              ZONE




                                            PRE-RESTORATION          POST-RESTORATION
                                                                                                       PLANT
                                                                                                  COMMUNITIES



                                                                                                          A


                                                                                                          B


                                                                                                          C
                                    6-                                                                    D

                                                                                                          E

                                                                                                          F



                                                              ...      ... ..




                                                 Ix




                                           N"Y           JULY         JUNE          ccr

                                                             MONTH
                   Figure 12. Awcomin Marsh. Soil pH of interstitial water from 1 to 5 cm depth. Values are
                   means for each vegetative zone +/- standard error. a. pH means for each month by zone.
                   b. pH means means for each zone by month.


                                                              36



















                         a       80

                         M                                                                 MONTH
                         LU
                                                                                      PRE-RESTORATION
                                 60-
                                                                                               MAY

                                                                                               JULY

                                                                                      POST-RESTORATION
                         Z  _I   40-
                         <  -00,                                                               JUNE
                                                                                               OCT
                         M

                                 20
                         _j
                         55
                         Cl)
                                    0-
                                        A       B      C       D       E      F
                                                        ZONE



                         b       80
                                       PRE-RESTORATION        POST-RESTORATION
                         M                                                                  PLANT
                         LU                                                            COMMUNITIES

                                 6o-                                                            A

                                                                                                B
                                                                                             El C
                         E  _j   40-                                                            D
                                                                                                E
                         <  10-0
                                                                                                F
                         M

                                 20-
                         F5
                         Cl)
                                    0
                                         MAY        JULY       JUNE        OCT
                                                       MONTH

                  Figure 13. Awcomin Marsh. Soil organic matter from 1 to 5 cm depth, reported as loss on
                  ignition (LOD. Values are means for each vegetative zone +/- standard error. a.
                  Percentage organic matter means for each month by zone. b.    Percentage organic matter
                  means        for each zone by month.



                                                           37























                                                                                                                        .........


                                                                                                                                  ........         .......   .......
                                                                                                                                   .........   ....
                                                                                                            . ........


                                                                                                     ...................    IN   ........
                                                                                                                     ..............
                                                                                                                                 -'-'--z-'zZz',
                                                      1941 Berm                            "'-N                                  .... .             11 ZZI I'll
                                                                                               Z
                                                                                                  N                                                 ........
                                                                                                    IN
                                                                                               ............      "IZZ"",
                                                                                                   ..........
                                                                                               Z-
                                                                                                                                        -Z, ... "IZZ",""'


                                                                                                            Z


                                                                                               N 'IN        ..........           ...
                                                                                 Z
                                                                                                               .........         .......
                                                                                                            ...........

                                                                                                                    ......       .....             .....
                                                                                                  ..............                 @.....            .....
                                                                                        IIN-   ......  %"IN  ...
                                                           Trees                                                                                  -Z
                                                                                                                                 V,
                                                                                 ZZI                           .......  I. ....
                                                                                                            ................


                                                                                                                                         . .......
                                                                                                                                       ...........

                                                                                                                                         ............
                                                       .XXXI.N.'
                                                                                                                                            ...........
                                                                                                                        ..............       ...


                                                              41 Q
                                                                                   4                                                                  ",\ ......
                                                                                                                        ........... ....   N-z      ....
                                                                                                                                 ..............\



                                                                                                            Q 44 Q 0 iQ
                                         -QQQQQQQi1QQ                                   aVa"a a Q a 0       @04:-K,7-
                                                                                   62 1 'a a
                                                                                                            -Q-

                                                                                                                                                                        Z
                                                                                                            " ZX'R
                                                                                                                                 upland
                                                                -.000                   a
                                                                   409-0      1
                                                    1962 Berim                                                    a


                                                                         1, 7e

                                                                                           4 Q a a          Q
                                                                                        Q         Q         40414a
                                                                                                            4 a


                                                 Vegetation                   Community Legend
                                                                                     1992


                                         P. australis                S. patens          - Bounds of Survey
                                r. 7. 19 S. pectinata                Typha spp.                High Mix                 Salicornia europea
                                                            L-Li                     El                                                                            Route 1A
                                         S. patens / P.      australis                         S. afterniflora
                                                                                     El
                                                                                        7
                                                                                        @@Zj
                              1 1@7,j    Pools: S. patens        Scirpus spp.                  S. patens     S.   alterniflora
                                                                                     F-


                            Figure 14. Awcomin Marsh. Vegetation mapped by community, 1992. Outside of the 1941
                           berm, the S. patensIS. alterniflora community denotes S. patens dominant in high
                           marshes and S. alterniflora dominant at the creek banks.



                                                                                                       38















                                                                                  IN
                                                                                  I'll "I

                                                                                  I IN,



                                                                                               IN


                                                                                                         .......................
                                                                                                                        .....    IN
                                                                           r, N            1, 1- 11 -IN                           I ",',-"ZZZZNZll,
                                                                                                                                       .......... .
                                                                                                                                              I I
                                                                                                                                 .........................
                                                                                               ........................................................I
                                                                                                                                 IN .......
                                                                                  IN . .... ...........                             ..........
                                                                                                                                                 IN
                                                      1941 Be m                                          . ... .. ..                .......
                                                                                                                        .........
                                                                                                         IN             ......
                                                                                  "I's                                  IN IIZNI
                                                                                                                                 IN
                                                                                                                        .............................
                                                                                                             %IININII            I, I ZZ IN
                                                                                           I. .... .....
                                                                                               I         IN;                     I I      ........

                                                                                                                11 "1                         Z.
                                                                                                         N N
                                                                                  IC
                                                                                           %N'IIlII                     IN
                                                                                                         .......        IN
                                                                                           IN'                          I,
                                                                                  IN...
                                                                                           IN
                                                                                           I                                     \1'\I\IIZ Z,
                                                                                                                        ..       ",Z\Z\"ZZZIN\,\


                                                                                                         ZZI
                                                      Trees
                                                                                                                        z
                                                                                               '111 1-   ...    IN      IIN
                                                                                           IN,\ ,,,\     ........
                                                                                           IN,           %\N\
                                                                                           IN
                                                                                                                                 IN IN

                                                      <
                                                                                                                                 IN
                                                                                                         IN
                                                                                                         IN,    I'll                     I
                                                                                                                        Z        ZZ I\ Z
                                                                                                                1\1- IN          I.. IN
                                                                                                                                        z
                                                                                                                IN ... I ... IN
                                                                                                                          IN
                                                                                                                I\\\N-'NNn"-\    -VN""NN\\%..
                                                      A,                                                        'NNN---,-,I
                                                                                                                                             IN


                                                                                  .....................
                                                                                  ..................     X
                                                                                           ..........
                                                                    ......        .......
                                                                                                                                                 IN

                                                                                  ..............
                                                                           ... .........
                                                         .................        ............ .......
                                                                                  ..............
                                                                                                                                                  IN .. I
                                                                                                                        1962 Berm
                                                                    a             QQQQ4QQQ      QID      a
                                               War                                                       X
                                                      - _e                        4 we
                                                                           T               W'j
                                                                                           @ W
                                                                                           10 10
                                        a a a-,a a 0 Q Q     9 Q           a 4 a 4e-Q!Q        a
                                          aWQW a      WaNPQ40a40aWa W             %A W 0aa aa0aQa0a%P0Qaaa a

                                                      QQQQaaa'a0           aa     aaaaaaa  aa4DaaQaa a 4

                                                                           Q      aaaQaQQ  aaaaQ0Q
                                                                           a      aaaaaa0  a4aaa04
                                                                                  aQaaa0Q  aaa44Q
                                                         962 Berm



                                  Vegetation Community                                     Legend
                                                                  1994

                                          Bounds of
                                          Survey                    Low    Mixed                         Bare

                                       S. patens                    High   Mix

                                       S. pectinata                 Salicornia europea
                               L

                                       P. australis                 S. patens / S. alterniflora



                        Figure 15. Awcomin Marsh. Vegetation mapped by community, 1994. Outside of the 1941
                        berm, the S. patensIS. alterniflora community denotes S. patens dominant in high
                        marshes and S. alterniflora dominant at the creek banks.




                                                                                           39







                                                                                    AWCOMIN MARSH
                                                        too-                                     1993
                                                                                                                                                EI S. patens

                                                                                                                                                0    S. aftemillora
                                                        so-
                                                            A
                                                                                                                                                E3   Salicornia
                                               0-0
                                               Ir-      60'                                                                                          Phragmites:
                                               LU
                                               >                                                                                                0    S. pectinala
                                               0
                                                                                                                                                     other
                                                        40-
                                               Z


                                               (L

                                                        20





                                                        0-
                                                                 A                 B                C                D                   E             F


                                                        too-                                     1994

                                                                                                                                    0    S. patens

                                                        80-                                                                              S. alterniflora

                                                                                                                                         Saticornia

                                                                                                                                         Phragmites
                                                        60-                                                                              S. pectinata
                                                 w
                                                 >                                             q                                         Other
                                                 0


                                                 F-     40-
                                                 Z
                                                                                               4



                                                        20-





                                                        0
                                                                  A                 B                C                D                  E              F

                                                        60-                                1994           1993                       El  S. patens

                                                                                                                                     0   S. alterniflora
                                                        40-                                                                              Saficornia
                                                 cc
                                                 w                                                                                       Phragmites
                                                 0                                                                                       S. pectinate
                                                        20-                                                                              Other

                                                 Z

                                                 LL     0-                                         n n

                                                 LLJ
                                                 0
                                                 Z
                                                        -20-





                                                        -40-


                                                                                               VEGETATION ZONE
                      Figure 16. Awcomin Marsh. Percentage of plant cover by indicator species 1993, 1994 and
                      change (1994 - 1993). Values are means for each-vegetative zone.


                                                                                                    40








                                            AWCOMIN MARSH PLANT BIOMASS 1992


                                 300-

                                                                                                          El S. patens
                                                                                                          W   S. alterniflora
                           C4                                                                                 Salicornia
                            E
                                                                                                              Phragmites
                                 200-
                                                                                                              S. pectinata

                                                                                                              Other




                           Cn
                           Cl)
                                 100-






                                                                        W,




                                                   A                             B                             C



                                                                          1993


                                 400-                  S. patens

                                                       S. alterniflora


                                                       Saficomia
                            E    300-
                                                       Phragmites

                                                   0 S. pectinata

                                 200-
                                                       Other
                                                                                   A.

                           U)
                           Cl)



                                 100-




                                                                     R


                                            A             B              C              D              E              F
                                                                    VEGETATION ZONE
                Figure 17. Awcomin Marsh. Aboveground biomass (end of season live standing crop) by
               indicator species 1992      a- nd 1993. Values are means for each vegetative zone.
                                           far
                                           12



















































                                                                       41


















                                 AWCOMIN MARSH 1992 AND 1993


                     12

                                                                               PLANT
                                                                           COMMUNITIES



                 Uj
                                                                               El A
                 cc
                     10-                                                          B






                                                                                  E

                 CL
                 0
                 Z






                                         n a



                                  1992                       1993
                                               YEAR

          Figure 18. Awcomin Marsh. Canopy structure, an indicator of habitat complexity and
          potential for water filtration (developed in Table 1) for plants harvested in 1992 and 1993.
          Values are means +/- standard error for each vegetative zone.













                                                42









                                    FISH UTILIZATION OF LOW MARSH
                            a      3 -

                                           MILL CREEK STUART FARM



                                   2-















                                   0
                          b             DOWNSTREAM          UPSTREAM

                          C14
                          E                   AWCOMIN MARSH



                                   2







                          Z
                          Uj





                          LL

                                        A (REFERENCE)   B (RESTORATION)

                          C        3-
                                           INNER NORTH MILL POND




                                   2















                                   0                         --------- ------------
                                         REFERENCE           CREATED


           Figure 19. All Marshes. Fish densities expressed per m2 of low marsh habitat sampled.
           Densities represent combined catches for two sampling dates for each zone sampled.

                                                     43










                                                                                                                                              Pre-Restoration
                                               Beaver dam:
                                                                                                  Upper
                                                                                                                                         Extent of High Tide
                                                          .........     ......
                                                          .........      .....
                                                                                                  Mill                                             Legend 1993
                                                          ..........
                                                          ..........
                                                          ..........
                                                          ...............         .....
                                                          ...............         ....
                                                          ................        ....
                                                          ...............         ....
                                                          ................        ...
                                                                                                  Creek
                                                          ............
                                                          ..........
                                                                                  .:::: a                                               marsh
                                                                     ...........
                                                          ................
                                                                                                                                                                             Trees
                                                                     .........    ...                                                                             2103
                                                     goo                                                                                Creek
                                        %Q_?Q Q 0-01        ...............                                                           ------       Spring Tide (7-26-93)
                                            ,Do a a
                                               QQQ_
                                    00 QQQQ a                        ...........
                               4 .00 - go
                                   io age
                                         000 goo                     .............                                                                 Neap Tide
                               age 006008?i@
                                000 009000                           ................
                                   000800440,
                                    a 290
                                          a- -            aQ Q                                                                          One Inch Equals 58.42 Meters
                                      -a Q Q Q Q -0 a Q 4"a 'a
                                     Q -a -a Q 13 Q a Q Q 0 Q Q


                                                                     ....................
                                                                     ...................
                                                                     .................


                                                                     g
                                                                     ..........................
                                                                     .......................
                                         a     a          g
                                                                                  ...................
                                                                     ................                           .....
                                                                     ..................                         ....
                                            a                        .................                  . .....
                                               Q    Q v   40 Q Q
                                               Q Q a -a Q Q 0
                                               0 Q Q a Q Q                                                                                                                   Lower
                                                Q Q Q a Q
                                                                         . ....   ...... .
                                                                                  ...... ...... . .
                                                                     ........................
                                                          Do                                                                                                                 Mill
                                                          ago
                                                          a
                                                                     .......................
                                                                                                                                                                             Creek
                                                          Q
                                                                                  ...............
                                                                                                        . .............
                                                                     ...............................
                                                            ..............
                                                          ..........................................            ..........
                                                          ..........     ...............................
                                                                                                                                      .... 9 Q 0 a Q
                                                          ...................................................                         QQIDQQQQ
                                                          ...............................................       ........     ....
                                                                         ..............................                      ....
                                                                                                                                      a Q a Q a Q a a











                                                                                                                                      ..........4        Q a Q
                                                                                                                       .. ..................

                                                                                                                             ..........
                                                                                                                  go         1::
                                                                                                                             ..........            ................
                                                                                                     Wage       W    .0      1
                                                                                                     a          a
                                                                                                                                                                         a   Wa00
                                                                                                                                              ..................
                                                                                                     0  0 W 0   W a o
                                                                                                     Qa a a     a go
                                                                                              4 Q       QQWQQQQ
                                                                                                     a          aagoo
                                                                                          00 Q Q 41 a a 4 a 0 Q Q Q_g
                                                                                                                                                   ...........
                                                                                          4 Qa4   a'?aaQQRa     goDoga W a a a a0a    QQ0a


                                                                                                                                                   ........... .                   00
                                                                                                                                                                    QgQoQQQQQQ
                                                                                                                                                                     41 1W 4)  10a11 Q 'a W '0 W

                                                                                                                                                                                               00
                                                                                                                  40 'a 40'a 0 0 '0 W W
                                                                                                                0 ow
                                                                                  :qo a a a Q .4 a o Q a 0 a Q a a go 0 Q go 0 i              4    ..........                ........              a a
                                                                                  gQ aag  aaaaaoa gaaaaa0a      QQ-aaaaoaaa4Q-aaaQaQ  aaaaaa000
                                                                                                        a a a a a 0 0 a      a0aa     oaaaa0012 -3Q a4oQe'2
                                                                                          a 4 -a a Q Q 4 a Q a Q a Q a i
                                                                                                                                                   ..........
                                                                                                                                        0 Q 0 Q
                                                                                                     4 0 4 11 4 4 a a 4 a    4        aaaaQQQQ Q Q 4'aQ0                     ......


                                                          N                                                                                                                   . ................
                                                                                                                                                                             . . .................
                                                                                                                                                                                     ................
                                                                                                                                      goa                                            .................
                                                                                                                                                                  :7X7X7:::',*@
                                                                                                                                                   .:-:-7-7-7+


                               Figure 20. Mill Creek Stuart Farm. Extent of                                                           tidal flooding on           spring tides before
                               restoration, 1993. Flooding on neap tides was confined within natural creeks downstream
                               of access road.

                                                                                                                44










                                                                                                                                                                  Post- Restoration
                                                        Beaver     d .am                                         Upper                                         Extent of High Tide

                                                                   ..........
                                                                                                                 Mill                                                      Legend 1994
                                                                   ............
                                                                   .............        ...
                                                                   ...............
                                                                   ...............
                                                                   ...........
                                                                                                                 Creek
                                                                                                                                                               Marsh                             New Channel
                                                  4_0141;10';A Q a                                                                                             Creek                             T r e e s
                                                                                                                                                                                   RZ
                                                A41.051-014-1
                                                                       ..............          ....
                                                Q Q -a -a Q
                                              13 Q:Q a 4
                                           -a gee go -a a                                                                                                   ---            Spring Tide (5-27-94)
                                      00             QR a a                                                      .
                                                                   . ..............
                                       00 a a Q Q Qg a                .............     X..
                                      Q a a a a a a a 91
                                                                                                                                                                           Neap Tide (7-29-94)
                                       OR
                                         .4.0                                                       .....
                                       Q a a Q          a a Qo a a
                                                  ago QQQQQ ... ......                                                                                                     Bounds of Survey
                                                -0 %WF             '00       XX.                                 a
                                                 a                 -Wa a                                                      -                             I I
                                                                                        ................
                                                                                               .......           ...
                                                                                 ...........
                                                                               ........... .
                                            Do go 000000
                                                                                                                                                            One Inch Equals 58.42 Meters
                                             0 a a a a a 'a a


                                                                            Q
                                                                                .............................
                                                                                                                 ...........  ...
                                                                              ................. .
                                                                             ................. ..
                                                                                                                                                                                                           Lower
                                                                                    ... . .......
                                                                          .........                                           . .....                                                                      Mill

                                                                                                    .....        ..........
                                                                                                                                     .. ..... .                                                            Creek
                                                                                                    .............
                                                                                                                                     ............ .
                                                                        ............
                                                                                                                                                               12 a Q a
                                                                                        .............
                                                                                 ..................

                                                                                      ...............                                           ....
                                                                                        ... .........
                                                                                                                                                            aw QOQ QWQOQ
                                                                                                    ,@_ee "_94?ZPB@                                                  a a 4 0     0

                                                                                                                 0..........
                                                                                                    -04          ..........
                                                                                                                                                            a QQQ Q              410
                                                                                                                                                            a 912904120     Q Q ago

                                                                                                                              45 04 a
                                                                                                                              4 a a a           " *..          a a Q a Q Q       g a
                                                                                                                              a Q Q                            0a ao 0a0   QQoa'a. goo V
                                                                                                                              )QQQ   )                            a 4 a a a -a 4 41 a 0
                                                                                                                              44?ZU'i a           ......    ::: .... Q 'a  Q 0     Q 0, a
                                                                                                                              00444                                  a 4 a a g!Q a R@ikj
                                                                                                                              jaQ4a4a0a a
                                                                                                                                     64         .4
                                                                                                                              4=_e_ea@o a       -.4
                                                                                                                              a 4 a a a Q
                                                                                                                              M      Q          ......... ....
                                                                                                                              _e
                                                                                                                              -a a a            . .........


                                                                                                                                                            .......................
                                                                                                                                                            .......... ....
                                                                                                                                                            .. ....................
                                                                                                                 eQQQQQQQQQQQQ
                                                                                                                                                                                                  a a -a Q Q
                                                                                                                              aa12aa04aQgQ'?i_?0 41 a 4                                          aa  Q0    QQa4    Qaa
                                                                                                                 4aQQQQ 900040004040                                       ............ I'll     a a Q a -a a
                                                                                                                 4 a 0 0 0 Q a a Q g 'a Q Q Q Q Q g Q
                                                                                                                                                                                                 2eMa-Mi
                                                                                                                                                                                                  Q_Q_Q_1 -1
                                                                                                                 44410Q       aaaa4aaaaa4a0     12aQa41aaaaaaaQa                                 5-al?"N.121214,   a
                                                                                                    ago 4 4 o Q Q4 'a a a 4 Q Q                 QQQ                                              QQQQQQgQQo
                                                                                                                                                                     ..............
                                                                                               &20?@oa           QaQa12a      a0aQaQQaaaQaa     aaaQaaaQa4a 4-a9aQoQ4Q4                           000      ago     a0 Qaa  aa00aa
                                                                                                    a 0 Q a Q a 9 a Q 4 a Q a 4 a a a a a a 'a Q g a                                                               a       Q a Q
                                                                                               Q    aQ4a         aQaaaQ0Qa                      QQQQQQQQ       040-                                                        0  a0a a Q0
                                                                                                                                                a '? a go a Q Q 0
                                                                                               W0   QQ0Q         QQ04QQaQQa   QQaa0aaa12aaa0    aaaaaaaaaaa a0aa00Q12Q0Q'
                                                                                               9 Q a a a a 9 a Q a 0 a a 4 Q a 4 Q '? 4 Q 4 0 a Q
                                                                                                                                                a a a                                                                      . .....
                                                                                                    aQ           Qaaaa04QaQ   4aQa4aaa12a9aQ    4a a a'a4'aaaaaaaQ0aQa00
                                                                                                    @QQ4QQQQQQ
                                                                                                                                                                                                  ...............
                                                                                                                                                                                                 ........... ..
                                                                                                                                                                                                 ..............
                                                                                                                 a a a Q a a 44i)               000QQQQQQ
                                                                                                                                                Q Q g 4 Q Q g 0                        1                   ........
                                                                                                                   4 4 -a '0 Q                              9 g a Q a                            ......    ........
                                                                                                                                                                                                 .....     ......     ........ ....
                                                                                                                                                                                                 ...............      ..............
                                                                                                                                                                                                 .............        ..............
                                                                                                                                                                                              ..............
                                                                                                                                                                                                                   ................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .....   ................
                                                                                                                                                Q-4 a a Q'Q' a
                                                                   N                                                                                                                                               ..................

                                                                                                                                                                                                                   ....................


                                   Figure 21. Mill Creek Stuart                                                  Farm. Extent                   of tidal flooding on spring tides after
                                   restoration, 1994. Flooding on neap tides was confined within natural creeks downstream
                                   of access road.

                                                                                                                                     45









                                                   MILL CREEK

                      a        30
                                                  PRE-RESTORATION
                        4)
                    3:  u      25-


                    LLJ
                    a   U)     20-
                    LLI M
                    _j  U)
                               15-

                        E
                        E      10-
                    LU  0

                                5

                                0       D OWNSTREAM-                 UPSTREAM



                      b
                              30-
                        -                       POST- RESTORATION
                        4)
                        0     25-
                    F_  ca

                    LLJ
                    a   U)    20-
                    LLJ
                    _j
                    rn
                        W     15-
                        E
                        E     10-
                    LU  0
                               oL       DOWNSTREAM                   .UPSTREAM
            Figure 22. Mill Creek Stuart Farm. Water table depths expressed as distance (cm) from the
            marsh surface to the water table as measured in wells.





                                                         46











                     a                MILL CREEK STUART FARM

                              20-
                     CL                         PRE-RESTORATION
                     CL



                              15-





                     cl)      10-
                     LU
                     _j






                     W



                               0
                                       DOWNSTREAM                  UPSTREAM




                              20-
                       CL
                       CL                      POST-R ESTO RATION








                       c/)    10-
                       LLI
                       _j
                       im


                       F_
                       1=
                       W
                       <          L
                               0
                                       DOWNSTREAM                  UPSTREAM


            Figure 23. Mill Creek Stuart Farm. Water table salinities expressed in parts per thousand
            (ppt), as measured in water sampled from wells.





                                                          47






                                            MILL CREEK STUART FARM

               a

                    30-          PRE-RESTORATION                         POST-RESTORATION


               CL
               CL
                    20-







               _j   10-
               <
               Cl)

               -1
                        ME/,
                      0-


                         DOWNSTREAM             UPSTREAM           DOWNSTREAM            UPSTREAM
                    -101
                         HIGH M I D    LOW   HIGH MID      LOW HIGH M I D      LOW HIGH MID         LOW


                                                          ELEVATION


               b   3o-
                             PRE-RESTORATION                    POST-RESTORATION                 TRANSECT

                                                                                                  DOWNSTREAM
               CL                                                                                     12 1
               CL                                                                                     El 3
                   20-                                                                                IM 5
                                                                                                   UPSTREAM
                                                                                                            6
               z                                                                                            8

               <
               Cn   10-


               0
               Cn

                                    SPRING        SEASON                 FALL
               Figure 24. Mill Creek Stuart Farm.  Soil salinity of interstitial water from 1 to 5 cm depth.
               Values are means for each elevation or transect +/- standard error. a. Salinity means for
               each Period @ffid zo-fie by elevation. b. Salinity means for each period by transect.


                                                        48







                                                             MILL CREEK STUART FARM
                      a        loo.               PRE-RESTORATION                                               POST-RESTORATION
                               90-



                      '0
                      10.",    80-


                      cc
                               70-


                      cn
                      0        60-

                      _j

                               50-




                               40-

                                              VNSTREAM                       STRE                    DOWNSTRE                                         M
                                              Em                        ',,, r////////A           "I'll, I E
                               30
                                      HIGH        MID      LOW HIGH            MID        LOW HIGH            MID        IJOW      HIGH        MID      LOW

                                                                                        ELEVATION


                  b            loo-     PRE-RESTORATION                         POST-R ESTO RATION
                                                                                                                              TRANSECT
                  "0
                  0,           80-                                                                                           DOWNSTREAM
                  LU                                                                                                                      i
                  cc                              ......... .....                                                                        3
                               60
                  D

                  (n
                                                                                         .....                                   UPSTREAM
                               40-
                                                                                                                                         6



                                                  .....                                  .....
                                                  .....                                  .....
                               20-                                                                                                 El




                                                  SPRING                                   FALL
                                                                  SEASON
                                                                             in
                                                                                                                      =AM

















                  Figure 25. Mill Creek Stuart Farm. Soil moisture reported as a percentage on a wet weight
                  basis from 1 to 5 cm depth. Values are means for each elevation or transect +/- standard
                  error. a. moisture means for each period and zone by elevation. b. Moisture means for
                  each period by transect. .                                         49







                                         MILL CREEK STUART FARM



                     70-           PRE-RZSTORATION                             POST-RESTORATION

             LLJ     60-


                     50-
             0   :=
             20
                  J  40-

                 -0
                 0,
             M@                                                                                      T
             0       30-


             0       20-
             Cl)


                     10-
                               VNSTREA                                  DOWNSTRI                   STREN
                                       r
                       0-
                          HIGH   MID     LOW    HIGH    MID    LOW    HIGH    MID    LOW     HIGH   MID     LOW

                                                              ELEVATION



                   b          80-
                   M             .   PRE-RESTORATION             POST-RESTORATION               TRANSECT
                   LLJ        7o-                                                                DOWNSTREAM
                              60-
                                                                                                     El 3
                              50-
                                                                                                          5

                   Z          40-         .....                        ...                          UPSTREAM

                        0
                                                                                                          6
                   0          30-

                              20-


                              10-
                   W
                               01-
                           DM               SPRING     SEASON           I FALL
                                       I        j                  I ij

             Figure 26. Mill Creek Stuart Farm. Soil organic matter reported as a percentage from I to 5
             cm depth and based on loss on ignition (LOD. Values are means for each elevation or
             transect +/- standard error. a. Percentage organic matter means for each period and zone by
             elevation. b. Percentage organic matter means for each period by transect.

                                                           50







                                           MILL CREEK STUART FARM
                a       600-          PRE-RESTORATION                            POST-RESTORATION

                        400-



                Z
                Lij
                    E
                0       200-


                0   ca
                LLI  Uj     0-                     k1111 ME
                a:                  r/////A//

                        -200 -




                               DOWNSTREAM              UPSTREAM           DOWNSTREAM              UPSTREAM
                        -400-
                              HIGH M I D     LOW HIGH MID LOW HIGH MID                  LOW HIGH M I D        LOW

                                                                 ELEVATION



             b
                        400-    PRE-RESTORATION              POST-RESTORATION                TRANSECT
                                                                                              DOWNSTREAM
             P
             Z
             w          200-                                                                       El 3
                                                                                                        5
             CL
                                                                                                UPSTREAM
             X
                   ca       0-                                      .....                          El 6

             LLJ   Uj
             cc   %.-*                                                                             oil
             _j         -200-

             Cn
                        -400            SPRING                         FALL
                                                    SEASON
             Figure 27. Mill    Creek Stuart Farm. Soil redox potential (Eh) at 1 cm depth. Values are
                                                                        I // ////. 1/ 10 1







             means for each    elevation or transect +/- standard error. a. Eh means for each period and
             zone by elevation. b. Eh means for each period by transect.

                                                           51







                                 MILL CREEK STUART FARM


           a     800-

                            PRE-RESTORATION                 POST-RESTORATION


                 600-



           z
           LU
           I.-E
           0     400-
           a.
           x                          T T
           0
           w  w  200-
           cc

           5)
           j               =
           U)      0

                       DOWNSTREAM       UPSTREAM       DOWNSTREAM       UPSTREAM



                 -200
                      HIGH MID  LOW HIGH MID    LOW HIGH   MID  LOW HIGH   MID  LOW


                                               ELEVATION




                 500-
                       PRE-RESTORATION     POST-RESTORATION        TRANSECT

                 400-                                               DOWNSTREAM

         z
         w
            E    300-                                                  El 3
         0
            0
            C)
         CL
         X       200-                                                UPSTREAM
                                                                           6

                                                ..... ......
                                                                           8
                                                   IN.
            LU   100-
         X

         _j                                     '.."..:7777
         a         0                                     A

                -10
                            SPRING                 FALL
                                    SEASON
         Figure 28. Mill Creek Stuart Farm. Soil redox potential (Eh) at 10 cm depth. Values are
         means for each elevation or transect +/- standard error. a. Eh means for each period and
         zone by elevation. b. Eh means for each period by transect.

                                            52




            a 7.5                  MILL CREEK STUART FARM
                           PRE-RESTORATION                POST-RESTO RATION



                7.0-






                6.5-
             CL                                                                T



             Cn 6.0-


                5.51

                            TR  M      U STRE        DOWNST             PSTRE
                5.0                                      ................. ......
                    HIGH MID   LOW HIGH MID    LOW  HIGH MID   LOW HIGH MID    LOW


                                               ELEVATION


               7.5-
                        PRE-RESTORATION           POST-RESTO RATION        TRANSECT


                                                                            DOWNSTREAM
               7.0-                                                            12
                                                                               El 3
                                                                                   5
               6.5
                                                                             UPSTREAM

                                                                                   6

                                                                                   8

               6.0-
           (n






                           ....... .. .
               5.5-        .......




                                                         1X
               5.0
                             SPRING      SEASON          FALL
          Figure 29. Mill Creek Stuart Farm. Soil pH of interstitial water from 1 to 5 cm depth.
          Values are means for each elevation or transect +/- standard error. a. pH means for each
          period and zone by elevation. b. pH means for each period by transect.

                                             53








                                                                           Upper                         Vegetation Legend
                                                                                                                      1993
                                                                           Mill
                                                                                                         Communities by Dominant Species
                                                               Trees       Creek
                                                                                                                        Lythrum
                                                                                                                   "0   Phragmites
                                                                                                                        Typha
                                                                              Fields
                                                                                                                        Spartina alterniflora
                                                                                                                        S. patens
                                                                 ..........
                                                                ..........

                                                                                                                        Agropyron      Agrostis
                                   Trees
                                                                                                                        Carex
                                                                            Trees                                       Rhus

                                                                                                           One Inch Equals 58.42 Meters


                                                            Unmawed
                                                            Marsh                                                               Lower
                                                                                                                                Mill
                                                                                                                                Creek

                                                                      Trees


                                                                        Fresh
                                                                        Marsh                            Trees
                                                                                                                                       Fields



                                         Fields




                                             Stuart Farm Access                              ..P





                                                                                         Trees               %X -M
                                                                                                                                  Trees




                                                                                                                   MONO
                                                                                                                   .M:M,M
                                                                             Residential                           M No      Unmapped
                                                                                                                   M
                                                                                                                 ;M.N,       Marsh
                                                                                                                :v"M,
                                                                                                                  No
                                                N                Route 108


                     Figure 30. Mill Creek Stuart Farm. Vegetation mapped by community, 1993.





                                                                              54








                                                                                   Upper                             Vegetation Legend
                                                                                                                                     1994
                                                                                   Mill
                                                                      Trees                                          Communities by Dominant Species
                                                                                   Creek
                                                                                                                                     Lythrum
                                                                                                                                     Phragmites
                                                                                                                                     Typha
                                                                                      Fields
                                                                                                                                     Spartina alterniflora
                                                                                                                 K-X-30 .. 0.        S. patens
                                                                      ...........
                                                                  .......                                                            S. pectinata
                                       Trees
                                                                                                                                     Carex
                                                                                    Trees
                                                                                                                                     Rhus

                                                                                                                                     Bare Ground

                                                                                                                      One Inch Equals 58.42 Meters
                                                                  Unmapped
                                                                  Marsh
                                                                                                                                               Lower
                                                                                                                                               Mill
                                                                                                                                               Creek


                                                                              Trees


                                                                                Fresh
                                                                                Marsh                                Trees
                                                                                                                                                      Fields



                                              Fields





                                                  Stuart Far

                                                                                                                      2   Xw-    M W mono
                                                                                                                          ORONO ORONO.E
                                                                                                                  0:2    NO ax....0

                                                                                                   Trees
                                                                                                                                                Trees




                                                                                                                               -XX
                                                                                                                               0 0 z
                                                                                      Residential                               Emmons     Unmapped
                                                                                                                                           Marsh
                                                                                                                              An
                                                                                                                              .2.0.
                                                      N                 Route 1 8


                         Fi gure 31. Mill Creek Stuart Farm. Vegetation mapped by community, 1994.




                                                                                       55








                                                                      MILL CREEK STUART FARM 1993

                                                   100-                                                                                      PLANTS
                                                              DOWNSTREAM                                 UPSTREAM
                                                   80-                                                                                       S. alterniflora
                                                                                                                                         M   S. patens
                                                                                  7,                                                     EI  Carex

                                                   60-                                                                                       Other
                                            LLI
                                            >                                                                                                Lythrurn
                                            0
                                                                                                                                             S. pectinata
                                                   40-
                                            z




                                                   20-




                                                   0
                                                           HIGH        MID          LOW          HIGH         MID          LOW


                                                                                                1994
                                                   100-
                                                              DOWNSTREAM                             UPSTREAM                                PLANTS
                                                   80-                                                                                   S. alterniflora

                                                                                                                                      M  S. patens
                                            X      60-                                                                                El Carex
                                            LLI
                                            >                                                                                         EI Other
                                            0
                                                                                                                                         Lythrurn
                                                   40-                                                                                El S. pectinata
                                            z
                                            <



                                                   20,




                                                   0.
                                                          HIGH        MID         LOW         HIGH         MID          LOW

                                                                                    -1994          1993
                                                   40-        DOWNSTREAM                            UPSTREAM                             PLANTS
                                                   20-
                                                                                                                                         S. atterniflora
                                            UJI
                                            >                                                                                            S. patens
                                            0
                                            L)                                                                          n                Carex
                                            r-                                                                                     El    Other
                                            z

                                                                                                                                         Lythrurn
                                                   '20-                                                                                  S. pectinate
                                            z

                                            LU

                                            z
                                                   -40-




                                                   .60-
                                                          HIGH        MID         LOW         HIGH        MID         LOW

                                                                          STATION ELEVATION
                              Figure 32. Mill Creek Stuart Farm. Percentage of plant cover by indicator species 1993, 1994
                              and change (1994 - 1993). Values are means for each elevation of the downstream transects
                              and the transects upstream of the access road.                            5.6








                                MILL CREEK STUART FARM 1993


                  60-
                                                               El Spartina alterniflora

              C14                                                 Spartina patens
                  50-
              E                                                   Other
              LO
              041
              CD  40-                                             Lythrurn salicaria


                                                                                                'X
                                                                                                 1/5
                  30-




                  20-
              0)                                                                             . . . . . .


                                                                                              N
              U)  10-


              0
                    0-
                                  DOWNSTREAM                             UPSTREAM


                          HIGH         MID          LOW          HIGH         MID          LOW

                                                      ELEVATION

           Figure 33. Mill Creek Stuart Farm. Aboveground biomass (end of season live standing
           crop) by indicator species 1993. Values are means for each elevation of the downstream
           transects and the transects upstream of the access road.
























                                                       57








                                                MILL CREEK STUART FARM 1993



                                    14-           DOWNSTREAM                                              UPSTREAM


                                    12-


                                          K. i:.i**;*ij:
                                                          Ni"
                                    10 -
                                          Xi


                                      8
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                                                         2        3           4         6         7          8         9         1 0        1 1
                                                                                   TRANSECT



                             b
                                    14-                  DOWNSTREAM                                            UPSTREAM

                             W
                             CC     12-

                             F-
                                                                       .......... :X,
                             C-)    10-
                                             gl@ i@4. g@' i ii: i i @@'i i: i ii ii:: i i i i: i:
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                                                         I.. .......................                         . ........


                                            ........................  .....................                         ............ . ...

                                                HIGH              MID              LOW               HIGH              MID               LOW
                                                                                   ELEVATION
                   Figure 34. Mill Creek Stuart Farm. Canopy structure, an                                    indicator of habitat complexity
                   and potential for water filtration                      (developed in Table 1) for plan                  ts harvested in 1993.
                   Values are means +/- standard error for each transect or elevation. a. Canopy structure for
                   the means of each transect. b. Canopy structure for the means of each elevation of the
                   downstream transects and the transects upstream of the access road..


                                                                                            58









                         Extent of High Tide
                                 1993


                    -------   Spring Tide (8/21/93)
                              Neap Tide (12/23/93)                                         N

                              Low Natural Marsh





                                                       Natural
                                                        Marsh








                                               Inner North
                                                 Mill Pond





                            %\\%

                     Access                                        Created
                                                                    Marsh














              Figure 35. Inner North Mill Pond. Extent of tidal flooding on spring and neap high tides
              following marsh construction and planting, 1993.


                                                      59






                                           INNER NORTH MILL POND 1993

                                a

                                     40-                                                            Soil salinity
                                                                                                    Well salinity

                                     35-


                              CL

                                                                                                      NO
                                     30-


                                                                                                          NX

                                     25-



                                     20-



                                                                                                         IN
                                     15-




                                     10
                                                         CREATED                               R&-ER24CE

                                                                            AREA


                                            INNER NORTH                      MILL POND 1993

                                 b      8-



                                        7-




                                CL

                                                                    R
                                        6-
                                0
                                Cf)


                                                                                                              RX,
                                                                                                               5
                                                                       --N
                                                                                                            X. M




                                        4 4-                   . ........
                                                         CREATED             AREA               REFERENCE
                Figure 36. Inner North Mill Pond. Salinity and pH. Values are means                                standard error
                for created and reference marshes. a. Soil salinity of interstitial water from 1 to 5 cm depth
                and well salinity from 5 to 20 cm depth. b. pH means of interstitial water from 1 to 5 cm
                depth.                                                       60






                                         INNER NORTH MILL POND 1993


                               a oo-                                                               -




                                     80-
                               0-0

                               LLI
                               X     60-
                               M

                               U)
                               0     40-


                                     20-





                                      0 4--                  .............                     .. .. ......
                                                     CREATED                         REFERENCE
                                                                      AREA

                                         INNER NORTH MILL POND 1993

                               b 2o -


                            cc
                            W    .0
                                     15




                                 0   10-                                          . . . . . . . . . .

                                                                                                 'S

                                 0
                            0
                            -j   -0,0  5-

                            in

                                                 _M

                                       0-1       ............
                                                     CREATED         AREA            REFERENCE
                             Figure 37. Inner North Mill Pond. Soil moisture reported as a percentage on a wet weight
                             basis and organic matter reported as loss on ignition (LOI), from 1 to 5 cm depth. Values
                             are means +/- standard error for created and reference marshes. a. Moisture means for
                             created and reference marshes. b. Organic matter means for created and reference marshes.


                                                                      61













                              INNER NORTH MILL POND 1993


                        300

                   E                                                   Eh at 1 cm depth
                                                                       EhatlOcmdepth
                        200-





                        100-
                   LLI



                                        . . ..........
                   CL
                   x       0--
                   0

                   LU

                       -100-



                   in
                        -200
                                          CREATED                         REFERENCE
                                                          AREA

            Figure 38. Inner North Mill Pond. Soil redox potential (Eh) at 1 and 10 cm depths. Values
            are means +/- standard error for created and reference marshes.















                                                        62









                 Vegetation Community Legend
                                1993


                     Natural Marsh f'*-* Creek
                                                                                            N
                     Created Marsh         Bounds of
                                           Survey




                                                       Natural
                                                        Marsh








                                               Inner N      orth
                                                 Mill Pond








                     Access                                        Created
                                                                    Marsh














             Figure 39. Inner North Mill Pond. Vegetation mapped as natural and created low marsh
             dominated by S. alterniflora, 1993.

                                                       63






                       a          INNER NORTH MILL POND 1993

                              100-


                                            %COVER
                     LU C-4
                     >        80-           BIOMASS
                     0



                              60-
                     a    C5
                          M


                          U)
                          Cl) 40-


                          0
                              4U




                          Cc
                               0-
                                              CREATED        ZONE           REFERENCE


                                  INNER NORTH MILL POND 1993
                          b   io-

                                                                               EN


                               8-





                                                                                M
                               6


                          ch
                          >-   4-
                          a.
                          0
                          z
                                                       'Nx
                               2-
                                          'M


                                           -01--Z M, --'g ..... . .....


                                              CREATED                       RE FER24CE
                                                              ZONE
                                        min

























            Figure 40. Inner North Mill Pond. Vegetation characteristics of created marsh compared
            to reference marsh, 1993. Values are means +/- standard error for created and reference
            marshes. a. Percentage of plant cover and biomass (end of season live standing crop) ofS.
            alterniflora. b. Canopy structure.
                                                             64






















                      FISH COMMUNITY
         FISH USE      DEVELOPMENT
           PLANT Estab./  PLANT SUCCESSION
                Death
                                           PEAT
                    SOILS               DEVELOPMENT

         HYDROLOGY                         Sea
                                           Level
                                           Rise


                                                IES
       HOURS DAYS WEEKS MONTHS YEARS DECADES CENTUR'
      Figure 41 Chronology and ecological time scales important for assessing
      salt marsh restoration/creation projects.




















                            65













                                                   APPENDIX I




                                  COMMUNITY EDUCATION AND OUTREACH


                  New Hampshire has lost approximately half of its coastal marshes since colonial
                  times, and many remaining marshes continue to be degraded due to human
                  impacts and invasion by weedy plants such as Phragmites and Lythrum.
                  Recently, it has been estimated that 20% of these impacts involve hydrological
                  modifications to the salt marshes (SCS, 1994), now considered a form of non-
                  point source pollution. While many people realize salt marshes are important
                  and need protection, they rarely know why. This is because ecologists are just
                  beginning to understand how these systems function in the coastal landscape to
                  improve our quality of life, from water quality to fish production (Dionne 1994).
                  How can restored marshes regain functional values to support our coastal
                  ecosystems? As scientists we recognize the need to share our findings with
                  students and the public.


                  During and after the study period, this work will provide answers and further
                  questions to several basic research questions. Coupling our results with field
                  trips to the sites provide hands-on case studies that make the concepts and
                  questions of wetland alteration, restoration, and functional values come to life.


                  Our diverse bases (Wells National Estuarine Research Reserve, Jackson
                  Estuarine Lab, and Departments of Plant Biology, Zoology, and Natural
                  Resources at the University of New Hampshire) will be foci for attracting
                  students to aid in research as well as dissemination of this information to the
                  public.


                  We have used two of these sites for field trips and special projects on our course:
                      Coastal Wetland Restoration and Mitigation, Department of Natural
                             Resources, NR719/819 in fall, 1993. Some of the data presented here is
                             a direct result of those field trips.


                                                     APP 1-1









               We have used one site as a special projects course for a two-term project.
                 Zoology 705, Univeristy of New Hampshire.


               We have had several undergraduates as paid interns, 6 undergraduate
               volunteers, and four high school students along with two high school teachers
               working on this project.


               We have given the following public seminars:
                 Approaches to Salt Marsh Restoration and Mitigation in New Hampshire
                       Department of Natural Resources seminar series, James Hall,
                       University of New Hampshire.


               We have attended, and have presented our preliminary results in poster form
               the RARGOM regional planning conference in Boothbay Harbor, April 1994.


               We plan to present the results of this project at the New England Estuarine
               Research Society Meeting, October, 1994.





























                                            APP 1-2



   I
   I
   I
   I
   I
   I                                  APPENDIX Il
   I
   I                          CORRECTED, UNREDUCED DATA
   I
   I
   I
   I
   I
   I
   I
   I
   I
                                        APP II-A
   I
   I
















                              AWCOMIN MARSH SAMPLING 1992
                                                  Temp. Temp.          Corr.     Corr.      Soil Soil    % Soil
                              Month Well Rep. at 1 cmat 10        cm   Eh 1cm    EH 1 Ocm Sal. pH        Moisture
                              MAY         1 A          7.7        7.6     -175       -110         0  6.7       87.6
                              MAY         1 B          7.9        7.6       -95      -149         0  6.4       92.3
                              MY     1    1 Ic         7.11               -171       -132         0, 6.4       92.8
                              MAY         2 A          6.8        6.6       -35        -96        01 5.5       92.2
                              MAY         2 B          6.8        6.5       -75         98        0  6.2       91.8
                              MY          2 C          6.8                   39        -97        0  5.6       87.1
                              MAY         3 A          7.9        7.7       -68        -20        2  7.11      86.6
                              MAY         3, B         8.11       7.8     -164          15        2  7.11      88.3
                              WAY         3 C          8.71       7.7     -145         -47,       3  7.0       85.1
                              MY          4 A          9.3        8.4       -40        -44        4  6.4       91.4
                              MAY         4 B          8.9        8.5       -55        251        4  6.6       91.1
                              MY          4 C          8.9        8.4       -49         47        3  6.7       90.5
                              MY     I    5jA          6.4        6.4     -140         -63        3  6.9       89.9
                              KAY         5 B          6.31       6.4       .85         22,       2  7.2,      88.8
                              MY          5 C          7.1        6.5       -89      -102         2  7.1       90.4
                              MAY         6 A          9.3        8.7       -37      -122         5  7.9       91.8
                              MY          6 B         10.8        9.0           5    -107         7  7.6       90.1
                              MY          6 C          9.7        9.0        .3      -114         8  7.4       90.8
                              MAY         7 A     1    7.3        6.9        14      -135         21 7.6       90.8
                              MAY         7 B          7.0        6.8       -55      -141         31 7.4       90.5
                              MAY         7 C          6.9        6.8        55      -155         6  7.4       89.4
                              MAY         8 A          7.0        6.9       100        -20     13    6.9       86.0
                              NAY         8 B          7.4        6.9       143        -45     12    6.9       88.2
                              MAY    1    8 C          7.11       7.o           1      -65     12    7.21      87.3
                              MAY         9 A          6.8        6.7       179        -85     17    7.51      83.6
                              MAY         9, B         6.6        6.7       143        -78     16    7.2       85.7
                              MY          9 C          6.6        6.6       173        -91     13    7.1       80.7
                              MAY       10 A           8.0        7.7       -64      -151         2  7.4       92.1
                              MY        10 B           7.5,       7.6        33      -145         2  8.0       92.1
                              MAY       10 c           7.3        7.5        25      -116-        2  7.3,      91.6
                              JULY   I    21A         17.0        15.6      278        -31        0  4.9       82.1
                              JULY        2 B         17.4        15.5      510        474        1  5.1       64.8
                              JULY        2 C     1   16.5        15.4      405        305        1  5.0       70.0
                              JULY        1 A         18.1        16.5      419         72        0  6.0       69.6
                              JULY        1 B         17.71       16.4      448        275        1  6.0,      53.7
                              JULY        11c         19.5        16.9      425        251        1  6.o       67.1
                              JULY        31A         20.5        17.8      255        -60     13    5.9       72.9
                              JULY        3 B         20.3        17.9      265        145     13    6.0       73.3
                              JULY        3 C         19.9        17.9      370        -18     12    6.2       69.7
                              JULY        4 A         20.11       18.8      -47        186,       7  6.11      85.4
                              JULY        4 B         20.4        18.6      220      -128         7  6.2       86.7
                              JULY        4, C        20.9        18.7      217        260        4  6.3       87.3
                              JULY        5 A         20.8        18.4      299        -12     11    6.2       79.4
                              JULY        5 B         20.8        18.7      225,       -71     15    6.6       78.0
                              JULY        5 C         19.5        18.4      1141        42@    14    6.8       85.0



                                                                       APP 11- 1











                                                Temp. Temp.         Corr.     Corr.     Soil   Soil  % Soil
                            Month   WelliRep. at   1 cmat 10 cm Eh 1cm       EH 10cm Sal.     pH     Moisture
                            JULY        61A        21.1       20.0      -161       -43     17   6.4       83.6
                            JULY        61B        21.6       20.2       383      -108     16   7.0       84.4
                            JULY        6 C        23.1,      21.2       277       -93,    17   6.0       81.3
                            JULY        7 A        23.5       20.0       175      -170     15-6.3         80.8
                            JULY        7 B        24.6       19.7       265      -171     13   6.3       83.9
                            JULY        7 C        23.7       19.8       301      -181     14   6.4       84.6
                            JULY        8,A        24.7       20.2       -91       -53     25   5.0       84.9
                            JULY        81B        24.91      19.8       .73      -118     26   6.1,      83.3
                            JULY        8 C        21.7       19.2       277      -175     25   4.9       85.1
                            JULY        9 A        18.4       17.4       201         89    23   6.9       83.2
                            JULY        9 B        17.8       17.3       225       -99     21   7.0       84.8
                            JULY        9 C        18.2       17.3       218       -90     22   7.2       83.4
                            JULY                   20.2       19.0       137      -115     15   6.81      87.3
                            JULY                   19.5       18.0          5     -135     15   6.6       88.8
                            JULY                   20.2       19.11      275      -149     17   6.81      82.51




































                                                                      APP 11- 2















                           AWCOMIN MARSH SAMPLING 6/24/93
                                            I        Temp. ITemp.            Corr        Corr       Soil     Soil  % Soil         O/OLOI
                           2DE WELL         Rep. atl cmat 10 cmEh1cm                    Eh 10cmsal           pH    Moisture
                           A                2A            17.5         14.5      -142               1   31     6.1         74.9         34.5
                           A                2B            16.7         14.4      -220          155      32     6.6         74.7         33.0
                           A                5A            16.7         13.6        188         1191     31     6.0         70.3         23.1
                           A                5B            15.1         13.6        208          741     31     6.1         72.7         28.9
                           A                7A            18.11        14.8        .22         193      32     6.5         74.1         25.2
                           A                7B            18.5         14.8        208         218      31     6.01        75.1         31.7
                           B                2A            18.0         14.8        198         -158     32     6.5         83.7         60.2
                           B                2B            17.4         15.2      -137          458      31     6.5         84.7         52.6
                           B                5A            19.8         15.7         23          -2      32     6.5         87.3         36.0
                           B                51B           18.5         15.4         98         -121     32     5.6         68.8         21.2
                           B                8 A           24.51        16.4         78          181     48     6.1         79.0         64.2
                           B                8 B           22.3         16.9         38         -84      42     5.1         85.0         59.7
                           C                2A            17.6         15.6        313         174      30     6.1         83.0         54.6
                           C                2B            18.9         15.9      -112          -160     30     6.1         84.6         58.7
                           C                5A            18.5         16.3        101          46      30     6.1         83.2         60.6
                           C                51B           18.8         16.4        348         378      20     5.9         79.9         44.7
                           D                2 A           19.2         17.1        373         444      29     6.2         77.9         38.2
                           D                2 B           17.6         16.8        372          50      26     6.0         71.0         28.0
                           D                5A            16.2         15.2        -43         224      24     6.4         74.3         31.7
                           D                5B            15.9         15.4        405          68      25     6.1         65.9         20.3
                           F           1    11A           18.4,        15.2        570         327,     22     5.0,        74.7         54.3
                           F           1    1 B           21.6         16.0        440         623      15     5.9         75.5         76.81
                           F           12A                15.9         14.6        210         121        7    6.6         57.2         17.8
                           F           12   B             15.3         14.7        428         156        4    5.9         76.1         57.1
                           E           13   A             15.3         14.6        433          95      19     6.3         67.6         22.3
                           E      1    131131             16.1         14.6        303         103      19     6.51        77.8         38.7
                           E           14A                15.91        15.6        -12         -112     14     6.5         79.9         46.8
                           E           14 B               15.7         15.3         90         218      13     6.1         81.1         48.6
                           D           15   A             14.8         13.8        409         -54      23     5.3         79.5         48.0
                           D           15   B             14.7         13.8        -39          701     22     6.4         76.3         38.5
                           D           1 6,A              16.8         14.9        -42          58      32     6.21        81.8         49.8
                           D           16 B               15.2         14.9        288          90      31     5.6         83.4         53.6
                           C           17A                15.2         14.4        343         --105    31     6.7         83.7         53.8
                           C           17   B             16.5         14.5        362         -129     30     6.6         85.6         62.4
                           A           18   A             19.31        16.7         98          341     2.7    6.0         86.7         59.1
                           A           181B               19.81        16.9      .142          -351     15     5.91        85.3         62.0
                           A           19 A               16.7         15.0        278         -12      31     6.71        84.9         45.5
                           A           19   B             18.0         15.2        288         -27      32     6.4         84.1         37.0
                           B           20   A             17.4         14.81       313          69      33     6.6         85.11        61 2
                           B           20   B             18.6         15.11       348         278      31     6.8         85.31        6!116






                                                                               APP 11- 3














                          AWCOMIN MARSH SAMPLING Oct 26,1993
                                            Temp.       Temp.        Corr.     Corr.      Soil     Soil   % Soil     0/61-01
                          Zone_ Well Rep. at 1 cm at 10         cm   EH 1CM    EH10CM Sal         pH      Moisture         -
                          F       11 A              7.9         9.0       569        489    10.0      6.0      77.0     40.1
                          F       11 B              8.2         8.8       604        4441   10.0      6.01     69.8     18.61
                          F       1 21A     1       6.8         8.2       464        5391     7.0     5.51     77.1     68.21
                          F       12   B            7.0         8.1       441        3781     7.0     4.51     84.7     78.9
                          E       13   A            6.2         7.2       224        376    22.0      6.2      86.9     44.2
                          E       13   B            6.5         7.1       282        310    24.0      6.2      88.8     64.9
                          E       14   A            6.6         7.5       392      -127     20.0      6.4      80.4     23.6
                          E       14   B            6.7         7.4       334        302    17.0      6.2      89.0     65.7
                          D       15   A            6.7         7.9       344        374    22.0      6.4      84.5     49.4
                          D       15   B            6.6         7.6       364      -193     22.0      6.3      84.9     48.9
                          D       16   A            7.0         7.4         80       204    19.0      5.6      87.5     65.1
                          D       1 61B     1       6.7         7.5      -106        -61    17.0      5.8      85.5     59.0
                          c       17   A            8.0         8.2       3071       -56    26.0      6.4-     87.4     66.9-
                          c       17   B            7.5         8.0       119        -78    22.0      6.71     86.9     63.1
                          A       18   A            7.2         7.7       374        194    27.0      6.4      87.2     60.7
                          A       18   B            7.4         7.8       224         -4    25.0      5.9      87.7     59.2
                          A       19   A            8.7         e.9       154        139    29.0      6.5      85.6     53.0
                          A       19   B            7.1         6.9       294        179    28.0      7.1      84.7     47.0
                          B       20   A            8.1         7.7       349        154    20.0      7.6      87.2     67.2
                          B       20   B            6.8         7.3       402      -154     19.0      7.1      87.1     62.
                          A         2  A            7.9         6.6       239        -66    29.0      6.1      80.8     34.
                          A         2  B            7.5         6.5       189        244    31.0      6.7      80.5     35.
                          A         5  A            8.4         6.7       214      -156     27.0      6.6      78.3     27.
                          A         5. B            7.5         6.6       -96        234j   30.0      6.1      78.4     31.1
                          A         81A             7.6         6.3       -76           91  29.0      7.4      82.0     27.0
                          A         8 B             8.0         6.8         36       249    22.0      6.4      80.0     38.1
                          B         2 A             9.0         6.9       266        261    21.0      6.8      83.5     55.3
                          B         2 B             8.5         7.3       416        170    18.0      7.61     83.2     66.1
                          B         5 A             7.9         7.2       424         84    26.0      6.8      88.3     62.71
                          B     I   51B             7.5         7.0       342         45    28.0      6.5      86.8     60.2
                          B         8  A            8.5         6.9       544        312    27.0      6.1      86.2     64.6
                          B         8  B            9.4         6.3       Ill        454    22.0      6.2      83.8     52.0
                          c         2  A            7.2         7.5       334         62    22.0      6.8      86.7     62.3
                          c         2  B            7.3         7.7       339        174    22.0      6.6      87.8     62.9
                          c         5  A            9.2         7.6       373        230    18.0      6.5      84.6     63.5
                          c         5  B            10.1        7.7       417        116    14.0      6.6      85.6     70.9
                          D         2  A            8.5         7.4       389        244    22.0      5.9      83.8     47.0
                          D         2  B            8.5         7.2       319        450    22.0      6.0      85.6
                                                                                                                           8




                          [
                          DE        5  A            9.51        7.7         14       -42    27.0      6.3      81.8
                          D         5  B            7.81        7.8       314        326    24.0 iL            77.7

                                                                          APP 11- 4
















                                 AWCOMIN MARSH % COVER
                                 MARSH    ZOPE     WELL     DATE SPECIES PERCENT
                                 AM       A              1 7/29/93    SA        5
                                 AM     _A               1 7/29/93    SP        70
                                 AM       A              2 7/29/93    SA        15
                                 AM       A              2 7/29/93    SP        100
                                 AM       A              3 7/29/93    SA        5
                                 AM       A              3 7/29/93    SP        80
                                 AM       A              4 7/29/93    AP        4
                                 AM       A              4 7/29/93    SA        12
                                 AM       A              4 7/29/93    SE        3
                                 AM       A              4 7/29/93    SP        80
                                 AM       A              5 7/29/93    AP        10
                                 AM       A              5 7/29/93    SA        10
                                 AM       A              5 7/29/93    SP        loo
                                 AM       A              6 7129/93    AP        10
                                 AM       A              6 7129/93    SA        15
                                 AM       A              6 7/29/93    SP        75
                                 AM       A              7 7/29/93    AP        3
                                 AM       A              7 7/29/93    SE        1
                                 AM       A              7 7/29/93    SP        100
                                 AM       A              8 7/29/93    AP_       1
                                 AM       A              8 7/29/93    SP        95
                                 AM       A              9 7/29/93    AP        1
                                 AM       A              9 7/29/93    SP        100
                                 AM       B              1 7/29/93    AP        5
                                 AM       8              1 7/29/93    Or2       5
                                 AM       B              1 7/29/93    SA        50
                                 AM       B              1 7/29/93    SE        20
                                 AM       B              1 7/29/93    SM        2
                                 AM       B              2 7/29/93    AP        2
                                 AM       B              2 7/29/93    SA        40
                                 AM       B              2 7/29/93    SP        30
                                 AM       B              3 7/29/93    AP        2
                                 AM       B              3 7/29/93    SA        30
                                 AM       B              3 7/29/93    SID       50
                                 AM       B              4 7/29/93    SA        40
                                 AM       B              4 7/29/93    SP        20
                                 AM       B              5 7/29/93    AP        5
                                 AM       B              5 7/29/93    SA        70
                                 AM       B              5 7/29/93    SE        15
                                 AM       B              6 7/29/93    AP        2
                                 AM       B              6 7/29/93    P         10
                                 AM       B              6 7/29/93    SA        50
                                 AM       B              6 7/29/93    SE        5
                                 AM       8              6 7/29/93    SL        2
                                 AM       B              6 7/29/93    SID       30
                                 AM       a              7  7/9/93    AP        7
                                 AM       B              7  7/9/93    AP        7
                                 AM       B              7  7/9/93    LN        2
                                 AM       B              7  7/9/93    SA        2
                                 AM       B              7  7/9/93    SE        15
                                 AM       B              7  7/9/93    SM        5
                                 AM       B              7  7/9/93    SP        12
                                 AM       8              8 7/29/93    AP        40
                                 AM       B              8 7/29/93    SA        5
                                 AM       B              8 7/29193    SE        40
                                          B              8 7/29/93    SL        5
                                          B              8 7/29/93    SP        5
                                 AM
                                          B



                                                      APP 11- 5
















                                       MARSH    Z)W          WELL     DATE SPECIES PERCENT
                                       AM       8                  97/29/93      SA        8
                                       AM       8                  97/29/93      SE        3
                                       AM       B                  97/29/93      SP        15
                                       AM       C                  17/29/93      AP        5
                                       AM       c                  17/29/93      SA        40
                                       AM       c                  17/29193      SE        2
                                       AM       C                  17/29/93      SL        i
                                       AM       c                  17/29193      SP        40
                                       AM       c                  27/29/93      AP        5
                                       AM       c                  27/29/93      SA        10
                                       AM       c                  27/29/93      SE        1
                                       AM       c                  27/29193      SP        70
                                       AM       c                  37/29193      AP        2
                                       AM       C                  37/29/93      SA        35
                                       AM       0                  37/29/93      SP        so
                                       AM       c                  47/29/93      AP        3
                                       AM       c                  47/29193      SA        75
                                       AM       C                  47/29/93      SE        is
                                       AM       C                  47/29/93      SL        1
                                       AM       c                  47/29/93      SP        10
                                       AM       C                  57/29/93      AP        1
                                       AM       c                  57/29/93      SA        1
                                       AM       c                  57/29193      SP        70
                                       AM       c                  67/21193      AP        2
                                       AM       C                  617/21193     SA        40
                                       AM       c                  67/21/93      SE        I
                                       AM       Ic                 67/21t93      SL        1
                                       AM       C                  67/21193      SP        30
                                       AM       D                  17/29/93      AP        7
                                       AM       D                  17/29193      SA        10
                                       AM       D                  17/29/93      SP        100
                                       AM       D                  27/29/93      p         30
                                       AM       D                  27/29/93      SA        30
                                       AM       0                  27/29/93      SE        10
                                       AM       D                  27/29/93      SP        30
                                       AM       D                  37/29/93      LN        I
                                       AM       D                  37/29/93      p         20
                                       AM       D                  37/29/93      SA        30
                                       AM       D                  37/29/93      SE        1
                                       AM       D                  37/29/93      SP        60
                                       AM       D                  47/29/93      GO        10
                                       AM       D                  47/29/93      SA        1
                                       AM       D                  47/29/93      SP        90
                                       AM       D                  57/29/93      AP        1
                                       AM       D                  57129/93      Grl       10
                                       AM       D                  57/29/93,     SID       80
                                       AM       D                  67/29/93      SP        100
                                       AM       F                11 7/29/93      AP        2
                                       AM       F                1 17/29/93      Hi        10
                                       AM       F                1 17/29/93      Or3       10
                                       AM       F                11 7/29/93      P         I
                                       AM       B                10 7/29/93      SA        -30
                                       AM       B                10 7/29/93      SID       40
                                       AM       B                10 7/29/93      AP        2
                                       AM       F                12 7/29/93      AP        is
                                       AM       F                12 7/29/93      P         60
                                       AM       F                12 7/29/93      Ru        5
                                      1 AM      IF               12 7/29/931     SPP 1     5
                                      I AM      IF               12 7/29/931   URBI 1      5



                                                                   APP 11- 6















                                   MARSH   Zone        WELL    DATE SPECIES PERCENT
                                   AM      F              12  7/29/93   URB2       5
                                   AM      E              13  7/29/93    AP        10
                                   AM      E              13  7/29/93    P         40
                                   AM      E              14  7/29193    AP        10
                                   AM      E              14  7/29/93    G         5
                                   AM      E              14  7/29/93    p         60
                                   AM      E              14  7/29/93    SP        10
                                   AM      D              15  7/29/93    Or2       I
                                   AM      D              15  7/29/93    P         35
                                   AM      D              15  7/29/93    SA        20
                                   AM      D              15  7/29/93    SP        40
                                   AM      D              16  7129/93    AP        5
                                   AM      D              16  7/29/93    P         20
                                   AM      D              16  7/29193    SA        25
                                   AM      D              16  7/29/93    SP        50
                                   AM      C              17  7/29/93    SA        is
                                   AM      C              17  7/29/93    SP        55
                                   AM      A              18  7/29/93    FM
                                   AM      A              18  7/29/93    SA        10
                                   AM      A              18  7/29/93    SP        70
                                   AM      A              18  7/29/93    TM        5
                                   AM      A              19  7/29/93    AP        3
                                   AM      A              19  7/29/93    SA        40
                                   AM      A              19  7/29/931   SE        2
                                   AM      A              1917/29/931    SP   1    40




































                                                               APP H- 7

















                                AWOOMIN MARSH %COVER
                                MARSH    zorE    STATION DATE     SPECIES PERCENT
                                AM       A              16/15/94     SA         I
                                AM       A              16/15/94     SID        70
                                AM       A              16/15/94     SE         2
                                AM       A              16/15/94     LN         1
                                AM       A              16/15/94     B3         10
                                AM       A              16/15/94     DTR        5
                                AM       A              16/15/94     AP         I
                                AM       A              26/15/94     SA         7
                                AM       A              26/15/94     SP         85
                                AM       A              26/15/94     DTR        8
                                AM       A              36/15/94     SA         10
                                AM       A              36/15/94     SID        75
                                AM       A              36/15/94     B3         5
                                AM       A              36/15/94     DTR        10
                                AM       A              46/15/94     SA         10
                                AM       A              46/15/94     SID        80
                                AM       A              46/15/94     AP         1
                                AM       A              46/15/94     DTR        9
                                AM       A              S6/15/94     SA         10
                                AM       A              56/15/94     SID        80
                                AM       A              56/15/94     AP         1
                                AM       A              56/15/94     DTR        9
                                AM       A              66/15/94     SA         20
                                AM       A              66/15/94     SID        60
                                AM       A              66/15/94     AP         5
                                AM       A              66/15/94     LN         I
                                AM       A              66/15/94     Ba         5
                                AM       A              66/15/94     DTR        9
                                AM       A              76/15/94     SID        85
                                AM       A              76/15/94     SE         3
                                AM       A              76/15/94     AP         1
                                AM       A              76/15/94     LN         1
                                AM       A              76/15/94     DTR        10
                                AM       A              86/15/94     SID        90
                                AM       A              86/15/94     SE         1
                                AM       A              86/15/94     AP         I
                                AM       A              86/15/94     DTR        8
                                AM       A              96/15/94     SID        85
                                AM       A              96/15/94     AP         1
                                AM       A              96/15/94     DTR        14
                                AM       B              16/15/94     SA         so
                                AM       B              16/15/94     SE         30
                                AM       B              16/15/94     AP         1
                                AM       B              16/15/94     DTR        15
                                AM       B              16/15/94     B3         5
                                AM       B              26/15/94,    SA         40
                                AM       B              26/15/94     SID        30
                                AM       B              26/15/94     SE         10
                                AM       B              26/15/94     AP         I
                                AM       B              26/15/94     DTR        19
                                AM       B              36/15/94     SA         30
                                AM       B              36/15/94     SP         40
                                AM       B              36/15/94     SE         3
                                AM       B              36/15/94     AP         I
                                AM       B              36/15/94     DTR        26
                                AM       B              46/15/94     SA         30
                                AM       B              4,6/15/941   SP         40
                                AM       B              416/15/941   SE         3


                                                      APP 11. a
















                                 MARSH   2IDNE   STATION DATE     SPECIES PERCENT
                                 AM      B              46/15/94     AP         5
                                 AM      B              46/15/94     DTR        22
                                 AM      B              56115/94     SA         so
                                 AM      B              56/15/94     SP         5
                                 AM      B              56/15/94     SE         20
                                 AM      B              56/16/94     AP         10
                                 AM      B              56/15/94     DTR        10
                                 AM      B              56/15/94     B3         5
                                 AM      B              66/15/94     SA         15
                                 AM      B              66/15/94     SID        70
                                 AM      B              66/15/94     SE         3
                                 AM      B              66/15/94     AP         2
                                 AM      B              66/15/94     P          5
                                 AM      B              66/15/94     DTR        5
                                 AM      B              76/15/94     SA         70
                                 AM      B              76/15/94     SE         is
                                 AM      B              76/15/94     AP         5
                                 AM      8              76/15/94     LN         I
                                 AM      B              76/15/94     DTR        5
                                 AM      8              76/15/94     BG         4
                                 AM      B              86/15/94     SA         10
                                 AM      B              86/15/94     SE         50
                                 AM      B              86/15/94     AP         I
                                 AM      B              86/15/94     Pv         Is
                                 AM      B              86/15/94     BG         20
                                 AM      B              86/15/94     DTR        4
                                 AM      B              96/15/94     SA         10
                                 AM      B              96/15/94     SP         15
                                 AM      B              96/15/94     lw         3
                                 AM      B              96/15/94     SE         40
                                 AM      B              96/15/94     AP         5
                                 AM      B              96/15/94     Pv         5
                                 AM      B              96/15/94     LN         2
                                 AM      B              96/15/94     S          1
                                 AM      B              96/15194     B3         19
                                 AM      C              16/15/94     SA         30
                                 AM      C              16/15/94     SP         45
                                 AM      C              16/15/94     SE         5
                                 AM      c              16/15/94     AP         5
                                 AM      C              16/15/94     Pv         5
                                 AM      C              16/15/94     DTR        10
                                 AM      C              26/15/94     SA         20
                                 AM      C              26/15/94     SID        60
                                 AM      c              26/15/94     SE         7
                                 AM      c              26/15/94     AP         5
                                 AM      c              26/15/94     LN         I
                                 AM      c              26/15/94     DTR        7
                                 AM      c              36/15/94     SA         10
                                 AM      Ic             36/15/94     SP         70
                                 AM      c              36/15/94     SE         3
                                 AM      c              36/15/94     AP         7
                                 AM      C              36/15/94     DTR        10
                                 AM      C              46/15/94     SA         55
                                 AM      C              46/15/94     SE         25
                                 AM      'C             46/15/94     AP         10
                                 AM      C              46/15/94     DTR        10
                                 AM      C              56/15/94     SA         5
                                 AM      c              56/15/94     SP         75
                                 AM      C              516/15/941   SE         1


                                                        APP 11- 9












                                    MARSH    ZONE     STATION DATE      SPECIES PERCNF
                                    AM       c               56/15/94      AP          5
                                    AM       C               56/15/94      DTR         14
                                    AM       C               66/15/94      SA          20
                                    AM       c               66/15/94      SID         60
                                    AM       c               66/15/94      SM          1
                                    AM       c               66/15/94      SE          2
                                    AM       c               66/15/94      AP          5
                                    AM       C               66/15/94      DTR         12
                                    AM       D               16/15/94      SA          5
                                    AM       D               16/15/94      SP          so
                                    AM       D               16/15/94      AP          3
                                    AM       D               16/15/94      DTR         12
                                    AM       D               26/15/94      SA          45
                                    AM       D               26/15/94      SP          20
                                    AM       D               26/15/94      SE          20
                                    AM       D               26/15/94      AP          1
                                    AM       D               26/15/94      P           5
                                    AM       D               26/15/94      DTR         6
                                    AM       D               26/15/94      B3          3
                                    AM       D               36/15/94      SA          20
                                    AM       D               36/15/94      SP          30
                                    AM    -D                 36/15/94      .0          35
                                    AM       D               36/15/94      SE          5
                                    AM       D               36/15/94      AP          I
                                    AM       D               31 6/15/94    DTR         9
                                    AM       D               46/15/94      SA          75
                                    AM       D               46/15/94      AP          5
                                    AM       D               46/15/94      Sas         5
                                    AM       D               46/15194      DTR         is
                                    AM       D               56/15/94      SID         60
                                    AM       D               56/15/94      JG          is
                                    AM       D               56/15/94      lw          7
                                    AM       D               56/15/94      SE          I
                                    AM       D               56/15/94      AP          8
                                    AM       D               56/15/94      DTR         9
                                    AM       D               6,6/15/94     SID         so
                                    AM       D               66/15/94      SE          5
                                    AM       D               66/15/94      AP          1
                                    AM       D               66/15/94      DTR         14
                                    AM       F             11 6/15194      SE          I
                                    AM       F             11 6/15/94      B3          99
                                    AM       F             12 6/15/94      SE          1
                                    AM       F             12 6/15194      B3       -99
                                    AM       E             13 6/15/94      p           15
                                    AM       E             13 6/15/94      DTR         85
                                    AM       E             14 6/15/94      JG          3
                                    AM       E             14 6/15/94      SE          1
                                    AM       E             14 6/15/94      P           is
                                    AM       E             14 6/15/94      DTR         81
                                    AM       D             15 6/15/94      SA          5
                                    AM       D             15 6/15/94      SID         20
                                    AM       D             15 6/15/94      4           20
                                    AM       D             15 6/15/94      P           5
                                    AM       D             15 6/15/94      WP          10
                                    AM       D             15 6/15/94      Wr          10
                                    AM       D             15 6/15/94      DTR         30
                                    AM       D             16 6/15/94      SA          10
                                    AM       D             1616/15/94,     SID         60
                                    AM       D             1616/15/941     SE          1


                                                             APP 11- 10
















                                 MARSH    ZDNE    STATION DATE     SPECIES PERCENT
                                 AM       D            16 6/15/94     AP         1
                                 AM       D            16 6/15/94     P          5
                                 AM       D            16 6/15/94     DTR        23
                                 AM       C            17 6/15/94     SA         15
                                 AM       C            17 6/15/94     SID        65
                                 AM       c            17 6/15/94     SE         1
                                 AM       c            17 6/15/94     AP         5
                                 AM       c            17 6/15/94     DTIR       14
                                 AM       A            18 6/15/94     SA         is
                                 AM       A            18 6/15/94     SID        50
                                 AM       A            18 6/15/94     FM         2
                                 AM       A            18 6/15/94     TM         10
                                 AM       A            18 6/15/94     SE         1
                                 AM       A            18 6/15/94     AP         1
                                 AM       A            18 6/15/94     DTR        21
                                 AM       A            19 6/15/94     SA         20
                                 AM       A            19 6/15/94     SID        so
                                 AM       A            19 6/15/94     SE         2
                                 AM       A            19 6/15194     AP         5
                                 AM       A            19 6/15/94     DTR        23
                                 AM       B            20 6/15/94     SA         30
                                 AM       B          _20  6/15/94,    SP         50
                                 AM       B            20 6/15/94     SE         7
                                 AM       B            20 6/15/94     AP         7
                                 I AM     B            20,6/15/94     DTR        6






































                                                            APP 11- 11















                    AWCOMIN MARSH 1992 % HARVEST
                    MARSH 2CNIE     STATION DATE       SPECIES     V. STEM     V. LEAF    R. STEM    R. LEAF AVE. STEM HT X LEAF BIOMASS
                    AM     A        1        7/16/92       SP           398                                            16.95.                13.9
                    AM     A        2        7/16/92       SP           417.                                           19.08.                17.2
                    AM     A        2        7/16/92       SA               1
                    AM     A        2        7/16/92       Ot               I
                    AM     A        3        7/16/92       SP           285.                                           25.72                 14.6
                    AM     A        4        7/16/92       SP           472.                                           19.47.                13.2
                    AM     A        4        7/16/92       SA               9                                                                 2.6
                    AM     A        4        7/16/92       LN               I
                    AM     JA       5        7/16/92       SP           418.                                           18.78.                10.2
                    AM     A        5        7/16/92       SA               7                                                                 4.3
                    AM     A        5        7/16/92       PLS           45
                    AM     A        5        7/16/92       Ot               1
                    AM     A        5        7/16/92       LN               2
                    AM     A        5        7/16/92       cr=           11
                    AM     JA       6        7/16/92       SP           417.                                           24.33                 17.9
                    AM     A        7        7/16/92       SP           366.                                           21.05.                14.1
                    AM     A        8        7/16/92       SP           604.                                           19.04.                19.4
                    AM     A        9        7/16/92       SP           487.                                           22.24                 20.9
                                                                                                                                              12
                    AM     B        1        7/16/92       SA            25.                                           43.25 .
                    AM     B        1        7/16/92       AP               1                                              18.                1.1
                    AM     B        11       7/16/92       SE            19.                                            21.5.
                    AM     B        2        7/16/92       SP           293                                            36.59.                18.5
                    AM     B        2        7/16/92       SA            21                                            53.75 .               29.1
                    AM     B        2        7/16/92       SE               41.                                            10.
                    AM     B        3        7/16/92       SP            59.                                            34.2.          1      3.3
                    AM     B        3        7/16/92       SA            59.                                            35.4.                18.7
                    AM     B        4        7/16/92       SP           235.                                           22.96.                11.1
                    AM              4        7/16/92       SA            15.                                            33.5.                 5.7
                    AM     B        5        7/16/92       SP               3                                           34.5.                 0.1
                    AM     B        5        7/16/92       SA            54.                                            43.7.                29.6
                    AM     8        6        7/16/92       SP           159.                                           32.97.                12.2
                    AM     B        6        7/16/92       SA            35.                                           32.84.                13.9
                    -;@m- B         7        7/16/92       SP           233.                                           29.83.                12.6
                    -AM    B        7        7/16/92       SA            29.                                           38.25.                 5.5
                    @-m B           7        7/16/92       AP               1                                              19.                0.1
                    AM     B        8        7/16/92       SP           219.                                            36.6.                -20.9
                    -@-m B          8        7/16/92       SA            32                                            56.67.                22.6
                    AM     113      19       17/16/92      SA --F-4 5                                                  39.88,                22.8
                    F                                                                             I.



                                                                                             Page 1














                    MARSH Xl@E      STATION DATE        SPECIES     V. STEM # V. LEAF      R. STEM    R. LEAF AVE. STEM HT X LEAF BIOMASS
                    AM     C        1         7/16/92      SP             28.                                           20.61 .                 10.9
                    AM     C        1         7/16/92      SA             19.                                             37.5.                 4.8
                    AM     C        2         7/16/92      SP             170.                                          27.33.                  9.6
                    AM     C        2         7/16/92      SA             13.                                             35.5.                 4.8
                    AM     C        3         7/16/92      SP             1851.                                         24.84.                  13.9
                    AM     C        3         7/16/92      SA             19.                                             34.5                  3.7
                    AM     C        4         7/16/92      SA             35.                                           33.67                   14.5
                    AM     C        5         7/16/92      SP            -139.                                          24.31                      8
                    AM     C        5         7/16/92      SA               9                                             31.5.                 1.5
                    AM     C        6         7/16/921     SP            120                                                 251.        1      68
                                              7/16/921     SA             201.                                          27.751.
                    AM     C        6                                                                                                    1      4.7







         V


























                                                                                              Page 2.














                      AWCOMIN MARSH 1993 %HARVEST
                      MARSH     ZONE         STATION    DATE       SPECIES          TYPE         V. STEM      V. LEAVEES    R. STEMS     0 R. LEAVES AVE. STEM HI X LEAF BIOMASr
                      AM        A            4          7/29/93        AP            0                     9                                                                             0.3
                      AM        A            5          7/29/93        AP            0                     1                                                                             0.8
                      AM        A            6          7/29/93        AP            0                     3                                           1        24.17.                   0.4
                      AM        A            1          7/29/931       DS            0                     2                                                    19.95            8       0.1
                      AM        A            1          7/29/931       SA            SA                    6                            1                       20.617      3.167        2.41
                      AM        A            2          7/29/93        SA            SA                    2             4                                      30.85.                   1.9
                      AM        A            4          7/29/93        SA            SA                    1             1                                                               0.8
                      AM        A            5          7/29/93        SA            SA                    2             0                                        49.6.                  1.6
                      AM        A            19         7/29/93        SA            SA                    7             3                                      39.786      4.286        4.1
                      AM        A            5          7/29/93        SE            SE-                   1                                                      17.2.                    0
                      AM        A            6          7/29/93        SE            ICE                   1                                                      22.5.                    ol
                      AM        A            9          7/29/93        SE            T-                    2                                                        8.7.                   0
                      AM        A-           1          7/29/93        SP            SP               316.                            12.                       19.18.                 13.1
                      AM        A            2          7/29/93        SP            SP               549                                                         23.4.                23.8
                      AM        A            3          7/29/93-       SP            SP               381                                                       25.13.                 25.3
                      AM        JA           4          7/29/931       SP            SP               420.                              21.                     31.73.                   22
            >                                                                                                                           1                       31.69.                 15.8
            "a        AM        JA           5          7/29/931       SP            SP               3-1-4.
            M         AM        JA           6          7/29/93        SP            SP               156.                                                      29.66.                 10.3
                                             7          7/29/93                                       279.                            16.                       30.42.                 21.9
                      AM        JA                                     SP            SID
                      AM        A            8          7/29/93        SP            SP               401                             47                        28.48                  34.7
                      AM        A            118        7/29/93        SP            SP                 79                                                      25.89                      9
                      AM        A            9          7/29/93        SP            SP               299                               2                       25.91                  19.1
                      AM        A            19         7/29/931       SP            SP                 62                                                      25.95                    2.8
                      AM        B            10         7/29/931       AP            0                     1                                                      18.1                     0
                      -jiM- B                6          7/29/93        AP            0                     1                                                      17.4.                  0.1
                      AM        B            8          7/29/93        AP            0                  68                                                        6.94.                  7.2
                      -;@m- B                17         7/29/93        LC            0                     1                                                        4.2.                   0
                      -i@m- B                1          7/29/93        SA            SA                 19            35.                                       38.14.                 13.8
                      @m- -6- -10                       7/29/93        SA            SA                 16.                                                     42.76.                   7.2
                      A-M- B                 2          7/29/931       SA            SA                 10            39.                                       36.45.                   8.4
                      AM        B            3          7/29/931       SA            SA                 25            11                                        33.95.                   8.5
                      AM        B            4          7/29/93        SA            SA                 29               7                                        32.8.                  9.2
                      AM        B            5          7/29/93        SA            SA                 37               4                                      35.53.                 21.4
                                B            6          7/29/93        SA            SA                 43            18.                                         29.4.                  11
                                B            9          7/29/93        SA            SA                    7             6                                      27.957      4.286        3.9
                                                                       SE            5E                 72                                                      10.88.                   1.8
                                B            1          7/29/93
                      AM        B            110        7/29/93        SE            ICE                   6                                                    13.35.                   0.1
                      AM-       113          is         7/29/93        SE            SE                    41.                                                       19.                 n3



                                                                                                      Page 1














                    MARSH     ZXE        STATION   DATE       SPECIES       TYPE         V. STEM    V. LEAVEE    R. STEMS     R. LEAVES AVE. STEM HI X LEAF BIOMASc
                    AM        B          6         7/29/93       SE             SE               4                                                  15.6.               0.1
                    AM        B          7         7/29/93       SE             SE               1                                                   6.9.                  0
                    AM        B          8         7/29/93       SE             SE               3                                                16.63.                1.7
                    AM        B          10        7/29/93       SP             SP           149.                                                 28.32.                8.1
                    AM        B          2         7/29/931      SP             SP             69.              1          1                      28.44.                6.4
                    AM        B          3         7/29/93       SP             SID            87 .                        6                      24.69.                6.8
                    AM        B          4         7/29/93       SP             SP           108.                                                 25.31                 4.9
                    AM        B          6         7/29/93       SP             SP           110.                          2                      21.97                 5.1
                    AM        B          7         7/29/93       SP             SP             27                                                    8.7        31      0.4
                    AM        B          8         7/29/931      SID            SID              5                                                  11.5        2       0.1
                    AM        C          2         7/29/93       AP             0              1 1                                                18.03.                0.9
                    AM        C          5         7/29/93       AP             0                3                                                  4.93.               0.1
                    AM        C          6         7/29/93       AP             0                2                                                  13.7.                  0
                    AM        C          1         7/29/93       SA             S                            33                                   27.18.                6.4
                    AM        C          2         7/29/93       SA             SA               9           3                                    31.733        4       2.5
                    AM        C          3         7/29/93       SA             SA               5           5                                      32.7       3.8      3.1
            >       AM        C          4         7129193       SA          -SA               81                                                 20.64.                8.9
                                                                 SA             SA               1                                                   34         5       0.3
                    AM        C          5         7/29/93
                    AM        C          6         7/29/93       SA             SA             20            4                                    28.54.                6.5
                    AM        C          17        7/29/93       SA             SA               6           2                                      30.9.               0.9
                    AM        C          2         7/29/931      SE             SE               2                                                  4.95 .                 0
                    AM        C          3         7/29/93       SE             SE               1                                                   8.4.                  0
                    AM        C          4         7/29/93       SE             SE               8                                                18.588.               1.2
                    AM        C          6         7/29/93       SE             SE               6                                                11.75.                0.2
                    AM        C          1         7/29/93       SP             SP           122.                                                 26.971.               7.8
                    AM        C          2         7/29/93       SID            SP           108.                          9                      24.74                 7.4
                              C          .3        7/29/93       SP             SID          198.                        10.                      23.65                 12.5
                              C          5         7/29/93       SP             SP           161  .                        I.                     21.89.                8.9
                              C          6         7/29/93       SP             SP             88.                         2                      21.99                 5.6
                              C          17        7129193       SP             SP           125.                                                 29.46                 5.1
                              D          2         7/29/93       AP   1         0                2                                                  6.65                   0
                    AM        D          is        7/29/93       AP             0                2                                                  11.8.               0.1
                    -W-M- D              2         7/29/93       p              P                7           2                                   46.143     7.286       5.8
                    @-M D                3         7/29/93       P              P                6                                                                      18
                              D          15        7/29/93       P,             p              -4                                                 79.85.                8.1
                              D          16        7/29/9        P,             P                2                                                61.75.                3.1
                    AM        ID         11        7/29/93       SA             SA    1          11          2                                      35.9        51      0.9
                    AM        1          12        7/29/93       SA             SA    1        361           131           3                      28.62.               12.5
                                                                                                                                                                3
                                                                                                                                                                2





























                    AM        ID         13        7129/93       SA             SA                           371.                                 35.49.               11.9



                                                                                             Page 2













                    MARSH     2DE        STATION   DATE       SPECIES         TYPE      V. STEM # V. LEAVU       R. STEMS     R. LEAVES AVE. STEM HI X LEAF BIOMAS@c
                    AM        D          15        7/29/93      SA            SA               10              8                                  27.43       6.6        1.4
                    AM        D          16        7/29/93      SA            SA               10              9                                  46.17       4.2        7.4
                    AM        D          2         7/29/93      SE            1%             154.                                                 14.79                  4.9
                    AM        D          3         7/29/93      SE            SE               17.                                                11.17.                 0.3
                    AM        D          1         7/29/931     SP            SP             298 .                          6                     22.48.               19.2
                    AM        D          2         7/29/93      SP            SP             189.                        30.                      21.62.               12.1
                    AM        D          3         7/29/93      SP            SP               41 .                         2                     34.52.                 5.8
                    AM        D          4         7/29/93      SP            SP             170.                           7                     26.41 .                11
                    AM        D          5         7/29/93      SP            SP             102.                           9                     28.12.               11.7
                    AM        ID         15        7/29/93      SP            SP             129.                         23                      26.98.               12.7
                    AM        D          16        7/29/931     SP            SP             285                         24.                      28.85.               20.1
                    AM        D          16        7/29/931     SP            SP             281                            4                     38.17.               21.2
                    AM        D          2         7/29/93      TM            0                   1                                                  15.1        2         0
                    AM        E          13        7/29/93      AP            0                   2                                                   19.                0.6
                    AM        E          14        7/29/93      AP            0                   3                                               18.467.                0.1
                    AM        IE         13        7/29/93        p           P                   7                                             101.757.               33.6
                    AM        E          14        7/29/93        p           p                   2                                               137.2.               12.5
                    AM        E          14        7/29/931     JG            0                   6            8                                  44.517      3.5        1.6
            >       AM        F          12        7/29/93      AP            0                   2                                                 7.751._              0.1
            M       AM        F          12        7/29/93        p           P                1 1                                                  92.9.              23.5
                    AM        F          11        7/29/93      SPP           SPP                              6                                  50.811                 9.6
                                                                                                                                                  12.7751     4.5        0
                    I AM      IF         12        7/29/93      SPP           SPP                 41           1





















                                                                                             Page 3















                             MARSH SAMPUNG STUART FARMS JUN 3,1993
                                                                            Temp. Temp.             Corr       Corr        Soil   Soil % Soil         0/cLOI
                             Site      Transact Elevation Rep.              at 1 cm at 10 cm Eh 1 cm Eh            1 Ocrn Sal     pH     Moisture
                             D                     5 HIGH                  1      10.8         11.0    405.0       401.01      0     6.81       52.7    13.01
                             D                     5 HIGH                  2      10.7         11.0    370.0       409.0       0     6.7        49.2    11.3
                             D                     5 MID                   1      10.9         11.3    361.0       268.0       5     6.3        74.6    33.2
                             D                     5 MID                   2      11.1         11.3    303.0           3.0     4     6.6        70.0    13.8
                             D                     5 LOW                   1      11.9         12.8     -4.0       166.0       7     6.7        62.0    13.8
                             D                     5 LM                    2      12.0         12.81  -119.0       -87.0       8,    6.4        63.0,   12.3
                             D                     3 HIGH                  1      12.3         11.0     37.0       -44.0       0     6.6        88.2    70.6
                             D                     3 HIGH                  2      14.4         11.5    178.0       -12.0       0     6.5        87.7    70.8
                             D                     3 MID                   1      14.5         13.2     13.0       -89.0       3     6.2        86.8    68.6
                             D                     3 MID                   2      14.6,        13.4     19.0           1.01    3     6.2,       86.3    67.3,
                             D                     3 LOW                   1      12.5         13.5    316.0       -207.0      8     6.2        68.5    17.11
                             D                     3 LOW                   2      14.3         13.2    283.0       291.0       5     6.1        69.2    13.6
                             D                     I LM                    1      15.1         13.0    143.0       171.0       12    6.7        57.8      9.8
                             D                     I LOW                   2      15.9         12.5   -332.0       111.0       12    6.5        56.0    11.2
                             D                     1 MID                   1      14.01        12.9    -12.0       -86.0,      10    6.3        83.9    51.9
                             D                     1 MID                   2      15.21        13.4     98.0         -7.0      8     6.41       85.7    13.8,
                             D                     I HIGH                  1      11.6         11.8     16.0       -54.0       8     6.1        86.2    58.6
                             D                     1 HIGH                  2      11.6         11.7        6.0     -154.0      6     6.7        88.1    55.4
                             u                     1 HIGH                  1      14.0         10.9    458.0       346.0       0     6.8        60.0    32.5
                             u                     1 HIGH                  2      11.8         10.9    417.0       506.0,      0     4.4        61.2    32.0
                             u                     1 MID                   1      13.41        10.8    132.0       217.0       0     6.91       68.4    38.0,
                             u                     1 MID                   2      13.0         10.9    384.0       374.0       0     6.7        70.6    49.9
                             u                     I LM                    1      24.0         18.8    195.0         38.0      0     6.3        46.2      8.5
                             u                     1 LOW                   2      21.5         17.2    393.0       138.0       0     5.8        44.1      9.4
                             u                     3 HIGH                  1      16.4         12.2    322.0         19.0      0     6.6        39.6    22.3
                             u                     3 HIGH                  2      15.4,        12.1    398.0       599.0       0     6.9,       33.2    20.81
                             u                     3 MID                   1      14.7         12.1    331.0       402.0       0     6.9        49.1    17.0
                             u                     3 MID                   2      13.3         11.4    151.0       493.0       0     6.6        51.2    22.5
                             u                     3 LOW                   1      23.3         17.1    106.0         47.0      0     6.5        62.9    13.2
                             u                     3 LOW                   2      20.7         18.3    395.0       268.0       0     6.5        65.7    13.4
                             u                     6 1 HIGH                1      15.01        12.5    283.0         56.01     0     6.71       66.8    27.61
                             u                     6 HIGH                  2      15.9         12.2    263.0       233.01      0     6.81       68.8    30.2
                             u                     6 MID                   1      13.8         11.3    336.0       -39.0       0     6.9        65.6    32.1
                             u                     6 MID                   2      13.2         10.5    398.0       322.0       0     6.5        67.0    34.9
                             u                     6 LOW                   1      16.3         14.6    378.0       416.0       0     7.2        46.4    10.1
                             lu                    6, LOW                  2,     18.8,        14.1    418.0       351.0       01    5.8        42.41   10.1














                                                                                       APP 1111- 17














                               STUART FARMS SAMPLING NOV 2,1993
                                                                  Temp. Temp. Corr.            Corr.        Soil Soil % Soil      */4-01
                             Zone Transact ElevLt@ Rep.           1 cm. 10 cm.      EH 1CM     EH10CM       Sal. pH Moisture
                             u                1 HIGH             1     6.3      6.6       202          77    12    5.21     70.0        25.2
                             ILI              1 HIGH             2     6.4      6.7       490         164    15    5.8      72.3        29.8
                             u                1 MID              1     5.71     6.4       204         179    18    6.1      77.8        42.9
                             u                1 MID              2     5.3      6.1       309         294    17    6.2      76.1        38.5
                             ILI              1 LOW              1     6.4      6.5       430         499    10    5.2      .65.7       10.6
                             ILI              I LOW              2     4.2      4.8       349         404    101   6.81     67.6        16.1
                             u                31HGH              11    5.8      6.6       384         494    12    6.7      64.1        21.3
                             u                3 HIGH             2     5.6      5.6       424         409    14    6.4      62.0        17.1
                             ILI              3 MID              1     7.3      5.8       349         344    12    6.6      63.3        15.5
                             u                3 MID              2     5.4      5.4       414          49    10    6.7      64.7        16.5
                             ILI              3 LOW              1     5.3      6.0       374         375    141   6.0      70.5        13.7
                             ILI              3 LOW        1     2     5.31     6.6       329         394    17    6.1      69.2        14.8
                             u                6 HIGH             1     6.6      6.4       285         164    10    6.8      75.4        35.3
                             ILI              6 HIGH             2     6.0      6.5       102        -120      7   6.4      76.7        37.2
                             ILI              6 MID              1     5.6      6.0       274         .66    10    6.51     73.8        33.9
                             u                61MID              21    5.4      6.0       444         484      9   6.6      74.0        35.1
                             u                6 LOW              1     5.1      5.71      34          464      7   6.8      69.3        16.9
                             u                6 LOW              2     5.1      5.5       434         404      8   6.8      69.4        16.5
                             D                5 HIGH             1     5.2      5.4       33          564      9   6.6      69.8        19.3
                             D                5 HIGH             2     5.1      5.2       444         164    121   6.01     66.7        13.8
                             D                51MID              1     5.5      5.6       374         -16    12    6.5      79.6        34.51
                             D                5 MID              2,    5.6      5.61      214         364    16    6.7      77.6        30.6
                             D                5 LOW              1     5.9      5.4       264          91    17    6.0      72.7        13.7
                             D                5 LOW              2     5.1      5.1       319         300    16    6.5      72.2        13.1
                             D                3 HIGH             1     5.6      5.2       374          79    121   6.1      87.1        74.1
                             D                3 HIGH             2     6.0      5.2       344         238    13    6.3      87.6        69.01
                             D                31MID              1     5.5      5.31      374         269    16    5.5      87.1        66.0
                             D                3 MID              21    7.4      5.4       -40         194    16    5.8      85.9        63.1
                             D                3 LOW              1     7.1      5.9       154          -1    19    5.1      75.4        16.7
                             D                3 LOW              2     7.7      5.9      -1721        284    161   6.3      73.31       15.4
                             D                1 HIGH             1     5.2      5.0       414          50    201   6.4      84.5        60.6
                             D                1 HIGH             2     5.9      5.1       234         244    19    6.0      85.4        63.3
                             D                1 MID              1     6.5      5.2      -116         124    17    6.4      84.8        56.4
                             D                1 MID              2     6.8      5.71      284         .26    18    6.1      88.1        51.1
                             D                1 LOW              1     8.4      5.51      1691         59    25    4.4      73.31       141
                             D                1 LOW              2     7.2      5.61      2341        204    21    5.41     66.41       11.  5










                                                                                    APP 11- 18















                        STUART FARM 1993 %COVER
                        MARSH     2131NE  ITRANSECT STATION        DATE      SPECIES PERCENT TYPE
                        SF        u                  1         1   7/30/93      POS          10     0
                        SF        u                  1         1   7/30/93                   50     0
                        SF        u                  1         1   7/30/93      AR           30     0
                        SF        u                  1         1   7/30/93      AgS          5      0
                        SF        u                  1         1   7/30/93      70           5      0
                        SF        u                  1         2   7/30/93      Spp          7      SPP
                        SF        u                  1         2   7/30/93      AS           45     0
                        SF        u                  1         2   7/30/93      AR           is     0
                        SF        u                  1         2   7/30/93      AgS          30     0
                        SF        u                  1         3   7/30/93      TL           20     0
                        SF        u                  1         3   7/30/93      LS           20     LS
                        SF        lu                 1         3   7/30/93      POS          is     0
                        SF        u                  1         3   7/30/93      CA           3      0
                        SF        u                  1         3   7/30/93      Pis          3      0
                        SF        u                  1         3   7/30/93      Prs          3      0
                        SF        u                  1         3   7/30/93      Cys          7      0
                        SF        u                  2         1   7130/93      AR           30     0
                        SF        u                  2         1   7/30/93      CS           40     0
                        SF        u                  2         1   7/30/93      LS           5      LS
                        SF        u                  2         1   7/30/93      Ags          10     0
                        SF        u                  2         1   7130/93      AS           10     0
                        SF        u                  2         2   7/30/93      AR           30     0
                        SF        u                  2         2   7/30/93      PS           2      0
                        SF        u                  2         2   7130/93      Fs           56     0
                        SF        u                  2         2   7/30/93      LS           5      LS
                        SF        u                  2         3   7/30/93      TI           20     0
                        SF        u                  2         3   7/30/93      LS           25     LS
                        SF        u                  2         3   7/30/93      03           5      0
                        SF        u                  2         3   7/30/93      PhAr         35     0
                        SF        u                  2         3   7/30/93      AS           5      0
                        SF        u                  2         3   7/30/93      Ot           5      0
                        SF        u                  3         1   7/30193      LS           20     LS
                        SF        u                  3         1   7/30/93      AR           70     0
                        SF        u                  3         1   7/30/93      Ot           10     0
                        SF        u                  3         2   7/30/93      AS           1      0
                        SF        u                  3         2   7/30/93      AR           95     0
                        SF        u                  3         3   7/30/93      LS           90     LS
                        SF        u                  3         3   7/30/93      03           5      0
                        SF        u                  4         1   7/30/93      PhAr         3      0
                        SF        u                  4         1   7/30/93      AS           50     0
                        SF        u                  4         1   7/30/93      AR           40     0
                        SF        u                  4         2   7/30/93      PhAr         5      0
                        SF        u                  4         2   7/30/93,     AS           55     0
                        SF        u                  4         2   7/30/93      LS           30     LS
                        SF        u                  4         3   7/30/93      Spp          5      SPP
                        SF        u                  4         3   7/30/93      PhAr         40     0
                        SF        u                  4         3   7/30/93      Ot           15     0
                        SF        u                  4         3   7/30/93      LS           10     LS
                        SF        u                  4         3   7/30/93      AS           5      0
                        SF        u                  5         1   7/30/93      IC           70     0
                        SF        u                  5         1   7/30/93      AS           20     0
                        SF        u                  5         1   7/30/93      LIP          2      0
                        SF        u                  5         2   7/30/93      AS           100    0
                        SF        u                  5         3   7/30/93      LS           65     IS
                        SF        u                  5      --- 3 -7/30/9 3     PS           5      0
                        SF        u                  5         3   7/30/93      POS          10     0
                        SF        u                  5         3   7/30/93      IC           5      0
                        SF        u                  5         3   7/30/93      VH           5      0
                        SF        u                  5.     =3     7/30/93      ca           5      0
                        SF                           51        31  7/30/93,     Gr2          5      0



                                                                 APP 11- 19













                      MARSH   20M      TRANISECT STATION    DATE     SPECIES PERCENT TYPE
                      SF      ILI               6       1   7/30/93     LS         70    LS
                      SF      u                 6       1   7/30/93     TA         10    0
                      SF      u                 6       1   7/30/93     SPP        10    Spp
                      SIF     ILI               6       1   7/30/93     JE         3     0
                      SIF     ILI               6       1   7/30193     Ic         3     0
                      SIF     ILI               6       1   7/30193     PS         3     0
                      SF      u                 6       2   7/30/93     LS         76    LS
                      SF      ILI      1        6       2   7/30/93     TL         5     0
                      SF      ILI               6       2   7/30/93     JE         is    0
                      SF      ILI               6       2   7/30/93     AS         2     0
                      SF      u                 6       2   MOM         Gs         2     0
                      SF      u                 6       2   7/30/93     IC         2     0
                      SIF     ILI               6       3   7/30/93     LS         es    LS
                      SF      u                 6       3   7/30/93     03         1     0
                      SF      u                 6       3   7/30/93     AS         3     0
                      SF      u                 6       3   7/30/93     PS         2     0
                      SF      u                 6       3   7/30/93     GS         2     0
                      SF      u                 6       3   7/30/93     Ags        2     0
                      SF      u                 6       3   7/30/93     Ic         2     0
                      SF      u                 6       3   7/30/93     CaR        2     0
                      SF      IL                1       1    8/4/93     SR         is    0
                      SF      L                 1       1    8/4/93     SID        65    SID
                      SF      L                 1       1    8/4/93     Sas        7     0
                      SF      L                 1       1    8/4/93     SR         8     0
                      SF      L                 1       2    8/4193     PA         15    0
                      SF      L                 1       2    8/4/93     SID        75    SID
                      SF      L                 1       2    8/4/93     TM         10    0
                      SF      L                 1       3    8/4/93     SA         40    SA
                      SF      L                 1       3    8/4/93     SR         15
                      SF      L                 1       3    8/4/93     SID        15    SID
                      SF      L                 1       3    8/4/93     UnS        5     0
                      SF      L                 2       1    8/4/93     SID        95    SID
                      SF      L                 2       2    814/93     SCA        10    0
                      SF      L                 2       2    8/4/93     SR         5     0
                      SF      L                 2       2    8/4/93     PA         10    0
                      SF      L                 2       2    8/4/93     Sas        10    0
                      SF      L                 2       2    8/4/93     TM         5     0
                      SF      L                 2       2    8/4/93     SP         60    SID
                      SF      L                 2       3    8/4/93     SA         90    SA
                      SF      L                 3       1   7/30/93     CID        90    CID
                      SF      L                 3       1   7/30/93     SID        5     0
                      SF      L                 3       2   7/30193     SP         65    SID
                      SF      L                 3       2   7/30/93     S2         25    0
                      SF      L                 3       2   7/30/93     PA         5     0
                      SF      L                 3       2   7/30/93     Ot         5     0
                      SIF     L                 3       3   7/30193     SA         70    SA
                      SF      L                 3       3   7/30/93     Wr         10    0
                      SF      L                 3       3   7/30/93     Un4        10    0
                      SF      L                 4       1   7/30193     CID        80    CID
                      SF      L                 4       2   7/30/93     CID        90    CP
                      SF      L                 4       3   7/30/93     SA         70    SA
                      SF      L                 4       3   7/30/93     SR         10    0
                      SF      L                 5       1   7/30193     p          80    p
                      SF      L                 5       1   7/30/93     1          7     0
                      SF      L                 5       1   7/30/93     RT         5     0
                      SF      L                 5       1   7/30/93     Vs         2     0
                      SF      L                 5       2   7/30/93     P          75    P
                                                                        Ic
                                                                        OT



                      SF      L                 5       2   7/30/93     FIR        15    0-
                      SF      L                 5       3   7/30/93     p          75    P
                      SF      IL                5       3,  7/30/93     SA         15    SA
                     I SF     IL       1        5       31  7/30/93     CP         5     CID


                                                          APP 11- 20
















                           STUART FARM 1994 %COVER
                           MARSH  1213NE  TRANSECI STATIOIS DATE SPECIES PERCENT TYPE
                           SF     U                1      2 6/10/94    Js        90    0
                           SF     U                1      2 6/10/94    AR        5     0
                           SF     U                1      3 6/10/94    TL        5     0
                           SF     U                1      3 6/10/94,   LS        10    LS
                           SF     u                1      3 6/10/941   FGA       80    0
                           SF     U                1      3 6/10/941   Js        1-    0
                           -SF    U                2      1 6/10/94    AR        90    0
                           SF     U                21     1 6/10/94    Sas       0.5   0
                           SF     U                21     1 6/10/94    UN        20    0
                           SF     U                2      2 6/10/94    Sas       15    0
                           SF     U                2      2 6/10/94    AR        10    0
                           SF     U                2      2 6/10/94,   UN        50    0
                           SF     U                2      3 6/10/94    AP        0.5   0
                           SF     U                2      3 6/10/94    cc        5     0
                           SF     U                21     3 6/10/94    LS        I     LS
                           -SF    U                21     3 6/10/94    FGA       50    0
                           SF     U                21     3 6/10/94    UN        2     0
                           SF     U                3      1 6/10/94    AR        40    0
                           SF     U                3      2 6/10/94.   AR        60    0
                           SF     U                3      2 6/10/94    UN        5     0
                           SF     U                3      3 6/10/94    LS        0.5   LS
                           SF     U                3      3 6/10/94    IN        5.5   0
                           SF     U                4,     1 6/10/94    OC        so    0
                           SF     U                41     1 6/10/94    AR        10    0
                           -SF    U                41     2 6/10/94,   AR        30    0
                           SF     U                4      2 6/10/941   LS        0.5   LS
                           SF     U                4      2 6110/94    Sas       1     0
                           SF     U                4      3 6/10/94    CAS       0.5   0
                           SF     U                4      3 6/10/94    FGA       so    0
                           SF     U                4      3 6/10/94    LS        15    LS
                           SF     U                5,     2 6/10/94    TO        1     0
                           -SF    U                5    -2  6/10/94,   AR        2     0
                           SF     U                5      2 6/10/941   LS        2     LS
                           SF     U                5      2 6/10/94    Sas       2     0
                           SF     U                5      3 6/10/94    AP        0.5   0
                           SF     U                5      3 6/10/94    LS        20    LS
                           -SF    U                5,     3 6/10/94    Sas       10    0
                           SF     U                5      3 6/10/94    UN        5     0
                           SF     U                5      3 6/10/941   FGA       40-   0
                           SF     U                6      1 6/10/94    TL        2     0
                           SF     U                6      1 6/10/94    AR        2     0
                           SF     U                6      1 6/10/94    Sas       10    0
                           SF     U                61     1 6/10/94    LIS       0.5   0
                           SF     U                61     2 6/10/94    LS        0.5   LS
                           SF     U                61     2 6/10/941   Sas       5     0
                           SF     U                6      2 6/10/941   AR        0.6   0
                           -SF    U                6      3 6/10/941   AP        0.5   0
                           SF     U                6      3 6/10/941   LS        40    LS
                           SF     L                1      1 6/10/94    AP        0.5   0
                           SF     L                1      1 6/10/94    SSP       10    0
                           SF     L                1      1 6/10/94    UN        70    0
                           SF     L                1      1 6/10/94    Sas       10    0
                           SF     L                1      2 6/10/94    SID       50    SP
                           SF     L                1      2 6/10/941   PA        15
                           SF     L                1      3 6/10/94    SA        40    SA
                           SF     L                1      3 6/10/94    SSP       30    0
                           SF     IL               1      3 6/10/94    PA        0.5   0
                           1 SF   IL     1         21     1 6/10/94    SP        50    SID


                                                            APP 11- 21
















                           MARSH  ZONE    TRANSEC1 STATIOIN DATE SPECIES PERCENT TYPE
                           SF     L              2        16/10/94     G       5      0
                           SF     L              2        16/10/94     Sas     1      0
                           SF     L              2        26/10/94     SP      60     SID
                           SF     L              2        26/10/94     TM      0.5    0
                           SF     L              2,       26/10/94     SSP     1      0
                           SF     L              2        26/10/94     PA      10     0
                           SF     L              2        36/10/94     SA      60     SA
                           SF     L              3        16/10/94     CP      80     CID
                           SF     L              3        26/10/94     SP      70     SID
                           SF     L              3        26/10/94     M       2      0
                           SF     IL             3,       26/10/94     PA      5      0
                           SF     L              3        36/10/94     SA      60     SA
                           SF     L              3        36/10/94     AP      0.5    0
                           SF     L              3        36/10/94     LIN     5      0
                           SF     L              4        16/10/94     CID     80     CID
                           SF     L              4        26/10/94     CID     80     CID
                           -SF    L              4,       36/10/94     SA      so     SA
                           SF     L              5        16/10/94     RS      30     0
                           SF     L              5        16/10/94     P       40     P
                           SF     L              5        26/10/941    TR      0.5    0
                           SF     L              5        26/10/94     P       40     P
                           SF     IL             5        36/10/94     SA      15     SA
                           I SF   IL             5,       36/10/94     P       40     P





































                                                                   APP 11- 22










                                                                                                       SF-MC 93 PRINT






                                      MARSH      ZDNE TRANSECT      STATION    DATE      SPEC4ES;      V. STEM      V. LEAF     R. STEM       R. LEAF AVE. STEM HT. X LEAF             BIOMASS
                                      SF         L                  1         1  80493 SR                        5                                                   62.5         5.6          5.8
                                      SF         L                  1         1  80493 SP                     62.                                                    47.7                      8.4
                                      SF         L                  1         2  80493 SP                    263.                                                    40.7                    26.9
                                      SF         L                  1         2  80493 PA                     46                                                     16.6.                       2
                                      SF         L                  1         3  80493 SA                     17            11                                       60.1  .                 15.5
                                      SF         jL                 21        1  804931SP                    422.                         2                          47.3.                   36.11
                                      SF         L                  2         2  804931SP                    478.                                                    33.5.                   42.9
                                      SF         L                  2         2  80493 SCIR                      3                        2                          50.4         3.4          2.3
                                      SF         L                  2         2  80493 PP                        6                                                   21.4.                     0.6
                                      SF         L                  2         2  80493 UNI                       4                                                   18.9        4.75          0.3
                                      SF         L                  2         2  80493 UN2                       3                                                   29.2.                     0.1
                                      SF         L                  2         2  80493 UN3                       3                                                   13.9.                       0
                                      SF         L                  2         2  80493   .UN4                    5                                                   28.9         2.2          0.71
                                      SF         L                  2         3  804931SA                     23             4                                      110.4                    66.4
                                      SF         L                  3         1  73093 SR                        7                        0                         109.4                    11.3
                                      SF         L                  3         1  73093 ES                        0                        2                             1.5                    1.5
                                      SF         L                  3         2  73093 SID                   484                          0                          32.5                      27
                                      SF         L                  3         2  73093 Unl                    17                          0                          16.9                      0.9
                                      SF         L                  3         2  73093 PP                        8                        0                          16.5                      0.3
                                      SF         L                  3         3  80493 SA                     25             1                                       93.5.                   46.1
                                      SF         L                  4         1  73093 SR                     10                          0                          12.6                    21.7
                                      SF         L                  4         1  73093 UN2                       0                        3              1           79.2                      2.2
                                                                                                                                                                     98.2                    21.2
                                      SF         L                  4         2  73093 CP                     12                          5
                                      SF         L                  4         3  80493 SA                     34             4            3            3            115.4  .                 86.7
                                      SF         L                  5         2  80493 P                         3                                                  150.9 .                  31.1
                                      SF         L                  5         3  80493 P                         5                                                  155.9 .                  39.9
                                      SF         L                  5         3  804931AR                        4                                                   85.6 .                    3.8
                                      SF         u                  1         1  73093 UNI                   178                          0                          20.6                      2.9
                                      SF         u                  1         1  73093 UN2                                                                                                     4.6
                                      SF         u                  1         1  73093 UN3                                                                                                     1.2
                                      SF         u                  1         1  73093 UN4                                                                                                     2.5
                                      SF         u                  1         3  73093 Js                        3                        84                         56.2                      24
                                      SF         u                  1         3  73093 UN1                       1                        0                          37.0                        0
                                      SF         u                  1         3  73093JUN2                    18                          ol                         18.5                      0.6
                                      SF         u                  1         3  73093]UN3                       91                       0                                                    0.3
                                      SF         u                  1         3  73093 UN4                    23                          0                                                    0.6
                                      SF         u                  2         1  73093 AS                        2                        0                          74.3                        8
                                      SF         u                  2         1  73093 Ags                       2                        5                          73.5                      2.8
                                      SF         u                  2         1  73093 AR                     I 1                         0                          68.5                      8.8
                                      SF         u                  2         1  73093 UNI                    18                          0                          43.6                      1.1
                                      SF         u                  2         2  73093 AgS                    26                          601                        47.6                    15.8
                                      SF         u                  2         2  73093 EA                     13                          0                          34.6                      0.4
                                      @F
                                        F
                                        F
                                      SF
                                      SF
                                      SF





















                                      SF         u                  2         2  73093 AGR                                                                                                   12.3
                                      SF         u                  2         2  73093 UN2                                                                                                     0.2
                                      S
                                           --T-                               -  73093 UN3                                                                                                     2.21
                                        F        U                  2




                                                                                                             Page 1









                                                                                                       SF-MC 93 PRINT






                                       MARSH    L21MCDNWE TRANSECT  STATION     DATE     SPECIES #V.STEM #V.LEAF              #R.STEM #R.LEAF AVE.STEMHT. XLEAF BIOMASS
                                       SF       u                   2          3 73093 AS                       28                                                  47.8                         21.1
                                       SF       u                   2          3 73093 PhAr                     12.                      10.                       115.1                         48.3
                                       SF       u                   2          3 73093 Un                       5                                                   90.3  .                      0.6
                                       SF       u                   3          1 73093 AR                    122.                                                   44.2 .
                                       SF       u                   3          2 73093 AR                       55                        8..                       55.5.                        31
                                       SF       u                   31         3 82793 LS                                                 2.                       180.8       265.5             24.61
                                       SF       u                   3          3 82793 UNI                      22.                                                 56.1                         30.6
                                       SF       u                   3          3 73093 LS                       0                         2                        180.8                         24.6
                                       SF       u                   3          3 73093 UNI                      22                        0                         56.1                         30.6
                                       SF       u                   4          1 73093 AR                    108  .                                                 53.8  .                      23.2
                                       SF       u                   4          2 73093 AR                       4                                                   74.1        5.25             2.5
                                       SF       u                   4          2 73093ISS                       20-                                                 71.3                         19.7
                                       SF       u                   4          2 73093 ANT                      3                                                   88.1                         9.1
                                       SF       u                   41         3 73093 PhAr                     18.                       2.                        67.5  .                      19.91
                                       SF       u                   5          1 73093.P                        1                                                   81.8           7             17
                                       SF       u                   5          1 73093SS                        4                                                   86.9.
                                       SF       u                   5          2 73093 UN1                      1                                                   30.0 .                       0.1
                                       SF       u                   5          2 73093 UN2                      5                                                   36.8           3             0.3
                                       SF       u                   5          2 73093 UN3                      5                                                   35.6         2.8             0.3
                                       SF       u                   5          2 73093 AST                      13.                                                 90.9.                        53
                                       SF       u                   51         3 73093 LS                       4                         1                        140.6                         78.7
                                       SF       u                   5  -3       73093 Js                        2                         3                         72.1                         1
                                       SF       u                   5          3 73093 UNI                      2                         0                         42.3                         0.1
                                       SF       u                   6          1 73093 LS                                                 2.                       143.8       223 .
                                       SF       u                   6          1 73093 IN                       3
                                       SF       u                   6          1 73093 TEAR                     1
                                       SF       u                   6          2 73093 Js                       1                         4                         45.0                         0.9
                                       SF       u                   6          2 73693 LS                       0                         4                        147.1                         57.1
                                       SF       u                   6          2 73093 UN1                      25                        2                         66.3                         5.2
                                       SF       u                   6          2 73093 UN2                      1                         0                         56.1                         0.4
                                       SF       u                   6          2 73093 UN3                      1                         0                         19.2                         0.1
                                       SF       u                   6          2 73093 UN4                      9                         0                         33.1                         0.3
                                       SF       u                   6          2 73093 AS                       16                        0                         46.5                         3
                                       SF       u                   61         2 73093 LS                       0                         4                        162.6                   128.6
                                       SF       u                   6          2 73093 UNI                      3                         5                         79.0                         2.1
                                       SF       u                   6          21 73093 UN2                                                                                                      1.3
                                       SF       u                   6          21 73093 UN3                                                                                                      1.3
                                     1 -SF---Fu-                    6          21 73093 UN4                     1                                                                                2.5











                                                                                                           Page 2
















                           INMP MITIGATION SAMPLING 9/21/93
                                                      temp.      Temp.      Corr.      Corr.      Soil   Soil  % Soil    0/cLOI
                           Zone - Statioi Rep. at 1         cm at 10 cm EH lCM         EH 10CM    Sal.   pH    Moisture
                           Created            I A           12.7       12.3       179        354     34   7.7      55.2,    2.89
                           Created            I B           13.2       12.7       101        192     33   7.0      56.3     1.80
                           Created            2 A           12.8       12.6       155        401     32   6.8      57.8     1.91
                           Created            21B           13.31      12.8       226        361     30   6.6      56.5     3.02
                           Created            3 A           12.8       12.4       ill        326     32   7.1      56.1     1.61
                           Created            3 B           12.9       12.6       376        2991    34   7.41     55.3     1.561
                           Created            4 A           12.6       12.2       230        316     44   7.2      55.5     1.14
                           Created            4 B           13.0       12.5       131        233     49   6.8      55.1     3.75
                           Created            6 A     1     12.9       12.6       275        235     32   7.1      56.5     3.65
                           Created            5 B           13.2       12.9        57        165     36   7.3      56.0     3.62
                           Created            6 A           12.9       12.6       381        296     36   6.8      55.4     3.39
                           Created            6 B           13.3       12.8       2811       330     371  7.3      54.9     3.61
                           Created            7 A           12.8       12.5       252        313     34   7.1      56.5     1.72
                           Created            71B           13.2       12.8       291        249     32   7.2      56.0     1.38
                           Created            81A           12.7       12.5        51        -174    34   7.3      57.5     4.11
                           Created            8 B           13.2       12.6        59        -184    32   7.4      56.9     2.12
                           Created            9 A           12.71      12.4       -59        343     28   6.91     55.3     3.001
                           Created            9 B           13.2       12.6        26        3051    35   7.41     55.2     2.94
                           Created          10 A            12.7       12.4        56        323     34   7.3      56.9     3.46
                           Created          10 B            13.2       12.6       121        186     34   7.3      55.3     2.80
                           Created          I 1,A           12.9       12.5       331          13    35   6.4      65.1     3.22
                           Created          11113           13.0       12.6       288        355     37   7.1      55.7     3.31
                           Created          12A             13.0       12.8     -185         -129    33   6.8      55.21    3.38
                           Created          12B             13.0       12.7       398        145     35   7.2      55.4     2.80
                           Created          13A             13.0       12.8       .44        405     32   6.8      56.2     3.28
                           Created          13 B            13.3       12.9        50        379     34   7.1      56.5     3.00
                           Created          14A             12.8       12.5     -146         231     34   6.8      55.6     7.02
                           Created          1 41B           13.4       12.8        31        289     34   6.41     55.7     3.091
                           Created          15 A            13.4       13.1     -176         371     30   6.9      56.0     3.18
                           Created          15 B            13.71      13.2       1281       223     32   6.9      56.1     3.03
                           Created          16A             13.4       13.1     -191         2191    34   6.8      59.0     4.00
                           Created          16 B            13.3       13.0        32        2111    36   6.7      56.1     3.27
                           Referencq          1 A           13.9       13.5     -179         -391    30   4.8      78.6   15.13
                           Referenc@          1 B           14.2       13.7       -71        -179    35   7.2      73.7   11.79
                           Referenc4          2 A     1     14.8       13.8       -84        -143    32   6.6      74.8   15.97
                           Referenc4          2 B     1     14.7       13.6        61        -113    34   6.2      74.8   16.70
                           Referenc4          3 A           13.7       13.2       -95        -137    31      5     79.1   15.29
                           ReferenC4          3 B              14      13.41    -194         -138    32   4.81     81.0   14.10
                           ReferenC4          4 A           14.7       13.6        29        -150    34   6.41     73.7   11.62
                           Referenc4          4, B          14.4       13.6       131        -167    32'  6.2      76.7   12.43
                           Referenc4          51A           14.2       13.5       146        -130    35   6.9      71.7     9.93
                           ReferenC4          5 B           14.4       13.7,    -122         -129    34   4.9      74.2   12.111
                           Referenc4          6 A              14      13.3     -129         .1891   33   5.8      78.9   13.871
                           Referenc4          6 B           13.8       13.3     -201         -174    32   6.61     80.0   14.53
                           Referenc@          7 A           13.8       13.4        43        -105    34   6.5      77.6   17.27
                           Referenc           7 B           13.51      13.41      116        -212    31   5.3      81.2   18.90
                           Referencq          81A           14. 3      13.21      159,       -128    32   6.2      79.71  25.27
                           Referenc4          81B           13.9+      13.31      2821       -62     26   7.2t     78 61  21.771


                                                                               APP 11- 25










                                                                       INMP PLANT DATA PRINT




                      INNER NORTH MLL F PERCENT COVER AND HARVEST DATA 9/93
                                          RELATIVE PERCENT COVER           1     1%     % COVER # TOTAI MEAN LF WAN TOTAL CANOPY
                      zow      RP SAM SA SAT         SAS SP   LC I FV AN I BWEJ ODVER VASCULAF SHOOTS AREA           HEIGHT BJOIMASS STRUCTURE
                      REFU*C       I A      95 95                   3          2     98         95      25       28.6   25.3   67.344
                      REFEFIC      1 8      80 55     25           10 10       0    100         80      28       35.5   33.1   41.145             8
                      REFERIC      2 A      100  100                           0    100        100      30    114.9     90.1     88.37            9,
                      REFEF#4C 1   2 B      90    90                      5    5     95         go      31,      98.6   78.9   72.082             9
                      REFERNO      31A      95,   95                           5     95         95      29    124.1     88.9   51.818             9
                      REFERNO      3 B      85    86                 2   1 ,  12,    88         85      27       70.3   55.4   74.164             8
                      Fll@         4 A      115       85                      151    85         85      37       91.1   64.8   49.399          10
                      REFEFW       4 B      85        85                      15     85         85      17       75.9   55.2.  31.323             a
                      REFEFW       5 A      80    so                          20     Sol        80      58    147.3       90     86.48         10
                      REFERC       5 B      90    90                          10     90         90      64       129    82.9   62.646          10
                      REFEFW       6 A      95,   95                           5     95         95      47       55.6     38   95.063             9
                      REFEFIC      6 B      100  100                           0    100        100      49       96     57.3   123.62             9
                      REFEFM       7 A      95    95                           5     95         95      50    126.9     89.1   64.685,         10
                      REFERNO      7 B      90    90                          10     90         90      49       67.9   68.7   42.089          10
                      REFERC       8 A      95    95                           5     95         95      39,   108.8     76.5   44.899          11
                      REFERW       8 B      90    90        5                  5     95         95      65    106.6     73.5   38.906          11
                      CREATED      1 A      15.                               85     15         15         6     9.7    12.4                      4
                      CREATED      1 B      20                                so     20         20         8     6.6      6.6                     3
                      CREATED      2 A      20                                80     20,        20         6     21.9.  18.6                      5
                      CREATED      2 B      15                                85.    15         15      11       22.2   19.2                      6
                      CREATED      3 A      10                                90     10         10         1     9.5      11                      2
                      CREATED,     3 B      10                                90     10         10      11       22.3   19.2                      6
                      CREATED      4 A      10,                               90     10         10         0       0         0                    0
                      CREATED      4 B      10                                90     10         10         1     6.7         5                    1,
                      CREATED      5 A      15                                85     15         151     11       17.81  17.9                      6
                      CREATED      5 B      10                                90     10         10         8     17.61  12.8                      4
                      CREATED      6 A      10                                90     10         10         0       0         0                    0
                      CREATED 1    6 B      15                                85     15         15         0       0         0                    0
                      CREATED      7 A      25,                               75     25         25      16       24.8   19.6                      6
                      CREATED      7 B      15                                85     15         Is-     11       13.7     14                      5,
                      CREATED      8 A      10                                90     10         10         3     23.9   20.3                      4
                      CREATED      8 B      10                                90     10         10      10,        0         0                    0
                      CREATED      9 A      10                                90     10         10         1     12.3     16,                     2
                      CREATED,     9 B      10                                90     10         10         1     6.7         5                    1
                      CREATED    10 A         8,                              92       8          8        3     21.7   18.7                      4
                      CREATED    10 B       10                                90,    10         10         3     10.1     10                      3.
                      CREATED    11 A       20                                80     20         20         0       0         0                    0
                      CREATED    11  B      10                                90     10         10         1,    48.4     48                      4
                      CREATED    12 A       10                                90     10         10         8     6.5         9                    4
                      CREATED,   12 B       12                                88     12         12         2     6.7         5                    1
                      CREATED    13A        30,                  2            78     22,        32         9     22.9   17.7                      7
                      CREATED    13 B       30                                70     30         30      14       19.9   18.4                      6,
                      CREATED    14A        30                                70     30         30      16       37.81  30.4                      6
                      CREATED    14 B          8                              92       8          8     11       12.6   13.2                      5
                      CREATED    15 A       is                                85     16         15      17       30.2     30                      7
                      CREATED    15 B       20                                80     20         20         8     13.7     9.6                     4
                      CREATED    16A      1    41                             96,      41         4        3     33.7     22                      4
                      CREATED1   161B     1                                1 601     401        40         8,    17.7   12.9                      4












                                                                            APP 11- 26









                             Fish Species Identity and Abundance by Site and Date*


                  Site                     Date       Species Present             Number     Dffisitv



                  Awcomin Marsh
                  Reference           7 Oct. 193      Fundulus heteroclitus           1      0.041


                                      21 Oct.193      Fundulus heteroclitus           2
                                                      Menidia menidia                 1
                                                      Pungitius pungitius             2
                                                      Total Fish                      5      0.205
                  Awcomin Marsh
                  Restoration         7 Oct. '93      No fish present                 0      0
                  Mill Creek          21 Oct.193      No fish present:                0      0
                  Stuart Farm -
                  Downstream          20 Sept. 193    Fundulus heteroclitus           7      0.097

                                      5 Oct. '93      Fundulus heteroclitus          32      0.444


                  Mill Creek
                  Stuart Farm -
                  Upstream            20 Sept. 193    Fundulus heteroclitus          31
                                                      Apeltes quadracus               1
                                                      Anguilla rost:rata              6
                                                      Lepomis sp.                     1
                                                      Total Fish                     39      0.448


                                      5 Oct. '93      Fundulus heteroclitus           5
                                                      Pungitius pungitius             1
                                                      Total Fish                      6      0.069


                  Inner North         10 Sept. '93    Fundulus heteroclitus         30'l
                  Mill Pond                           Menidia menidia                91
                  Reference                           Anguilla rostrata               1
                                                      Total fish                    393      1.29


                                      21 Sept. '93    Fundulus heteroclitus         355      1.16

                  Inner North         10 Sept. 193    Fundulus heteroclitus          53
                  Mill Pond -                         Menidia menidia                 2
                  Created                             Anguilla rostrata               1
                                                      Total fish                     56      0.08


                                      21 Sept. '93    Fundulus heteroclitus         165
                                                      Menidia menidia                 2
                                                      Total fish                    167      0.24


                    Fish were sampled after hydrologic restoration at both Awcomin Marsh
                     and Stuart Farm. Densities are expressed per m' of low marsh sampled.




                                                APP 11- 27



 I
 I
 I
 I                                   APPENDIX 11- 28
 1                         AWCOMIN MARSH WATER TABLE DATA
 I
 I
 I
 I
 I
 I
 I
 I
 I
 I
 I
 I
 I                                       APP 11-28
 I









                          A              B              c             Q              E
               1    Date           Site          %o T           %o B           Depth
               2          921005 A-1                         36            35           24.6
               3          921005 A-2                         35                         26.3
               4          921005 A-3                         34                         25.0
               5          921005 A-4                         36                         28.3
               6          921005 A-5                         36                         26.4
               7          921005   A-6                       36                         27.3
               8          921005   A-7                       36            36           26.9
               9          921005   A-8                       36            36           26.9
              1  0        921005   A-9                       37            37           25.5
              1  1        921005   B-1                       32            32           41.8
              1  2        921005   B-2                       32                         47.3
              1  3        921005   B-3
              1  4        921005   B-4                       32            32           30.2
              1  5        921005   B-5                       32            32           18.7
              1  6        921005   B-6                       30            30           29.5
              1  7        921005   B-7                       28            30           15.7
              1  a        921005   B-8                       30            32           12.7
              1  9        921005   B-9                       30            30             6.1
              20          921005   C-1                       34            34           23.9
              21          921005   C-2                       33            34           11.8
              22          921005   C-3                       32            38           16.7
              23          921005   C-4                       35            35           20.8
              24          921005   C-5                       32            34           21.8
              2 5         921005   C-6                       34            34           18.1
              26          921005   D-1                       25            25           16.1
              27          921005   D-2                       28            28           18.4
              28          921005   D-3                       28            28           21.0
              29          921005   D-4                       20            20           22.4
              30          921005   D-5                       25            25           22.3
              3  1        921005   D-6                       25            28           14.0
              3 2   Date           Site          %o T           %0 B
              33          921014 A- 1                        37            37           19.0
              34          921014 A-2                         36            36           21.3
              35          921014 A-3                         34            34           16.2
              3 6         921014   A-4                       36            36           18.2
              37          921014   A-5                       36            36           19.0
              38          921014 A-6                         36            36           20.9
              39          921014   A-7                       38            38           15.9
              40          921014   A-8                       38            38           17.2
              41          921014   A-9                       37            37           15.9
              42          921014   B-1                       34            34           23.4
              43          921014   B-2                       32            32           39.5
              44          921014   B-3                       34            33           44.3
              45          921014   B-4                       28            31           24.7
              46          921014 B-5                         27            30           14.6
              47          921014 B-6                         28            28           23.5
              48          921014   B-7                       25            30           11.1
              49          921014   B-8                       22            30             8.1
              50          921 0141B-9                        211           28            3.31









                          A              B              c              D              E
               51         921014 C-1                         22             28           19.7
               52         921014   C-2                       24             30            8.6
               53         921014   C-3                       24             28           13.9
               54         921014   C-4                       32             30           15.8
               55         921014   C-5                       26             30           16.8
               56         921014 C-6                         26             29           13.5
               57         921014   D-1                                      20           12.8
               58         921014   D-2                       20             24           14.3
               59         921014   D-3                       18             22           17.8
               60         921014   D-4                       14             16           17.8
               .6 1       921014   D-5                       15             1.9          16.3
               62         921014   D-6                       14             16           20.3
               63
               64   Date           Site           %o T           %o B
               .65        921020   A-1                       35             36           18.1
               66         921020   A-2                       35             35           20.3
               67         921020   A-3                       34            34.5          14.9
               68         921020   A-4                       36             36           17.3
               69         921020   A-5                      35.5            36           18.1
               70         921020 A-6                         36             36           20.0
               71         921020   A-7                       36             36           15.4
               72         921020   A-8                       36            36.5          16.3
               73         921020   A-9                       36             36           14.9
               74         921020   B-1                       32             32           40.8
               75         921020   B-2                       32                          52.4
               76         921020   B-3
               77         921020   B,4                       28             30           24.7
               78         921020   B-5                       26             29           14.6
               79         921020   B-6                       25             25           20.8
               so         921020   B-7                       20             30            7.8
               8  1       921020   B-8                       23             30            9.5
               8 2        921020   B-9'                      25             28            8.4
               113        921020   C-1                       25             28           21.6
               .84        921020   C-2                       22             30           10.0
               85         921020   C-3                       22             28           14.4
               86         921020   C-4                       26             35           18.1
               87         921020   C-5                       28             31           19.5
               88         921020   C-6                       29             31           15.8
               89         921020   D-1                       20             22           12.4
               90         921020   D-2                       23             27           13.8
               9 1        921020   D-3                       20             25           17.8
               92         921020   D-4                       19             20           17.8
               93         921020   D-5                       16             21           17.7
               94         92-1020  D-6                       20             22           10.3
               95

               96   Date           Site           %o T           %o B
               97         9;0610   A-1                       28             29           14.9
               98         930610   A-2                       30             30           16.2
               99         930610   A-3
               100,       930610 A-4








                         A               B             c              D              E
             101         930610   A-5
             102.        930610   A-6                       32             30           14.4
             103         930610   A-7                       28             30            7.6
             104         930610 A-8                         31             32            7.1
             105         930610   A-9                       30             32           12.6
             106         930610   B-1                       26             29           16.0
             1071        930610   B-2                       27             30           21.1
             108         930610   B-3                       24             26           18.1
             109         930610   B-4                       28             32           31.6
             1 10        930610   B-5                       27             30           14.1
             1 1  1      930610   B-6                       26             27           16.2
             1 1  2      930610   B-7                       32             34           19.2
             1 13        930610   B-8                       32             33            9.9
             1 14        930610   B-9
             I is        930610   C-1                       30             32           26.2
             1 16        930610   0-2                       30             33           13.7
             1 17        930610   C-3                       27             32           15.3
             1 1 8       930610   C-4                       31             32           21.7
             1 19        930610   C-5                       31             32           26.9
             1 201       930610   C-6                       30             30           27.3
             1 21        930610   D-1                       29             32           22.5
             1 22        930610   D-2                       28             31           21.6
             1 23        930610   D-3                       29             30           24.7
             1 24        930610   D-4                       10             22           25.6
             1 25,       930610   D-5                       28             32           24.6
             1 26        930610   D-6                       25             30           15.4
             1 27
             128    Date          Site           %o T           %0 B
             1 29        930617 A - 1
             1 30        930617   A-2                       21             21            0.8
             131         930617   A-3
             132         930617   A-4
             133         930617   A-5
             1341        930617   A-6                       30             30           26.9
             135         930617   A-7
             136         930617   A-8
             137         930617   A-9
             138         930617   B-1                       28             28           50.5
             139         930617   B-2                       25             25           51.0
             140         930617   B-3
             1 41        930617   B-4                       20             20           50.4
             142         930617   B-5                       24             24           32.1
             143         930617   B-6                       18             18           31.3
             1 44        930617   B-7                       26             26           32.2
             145         930617   B-8
             14-6        93'0617  B-9                       22             22           15.3
             147         930617   C-1                       25             25           40.9
             148         930617   C-2                       25             251          27.51
             1 4 91      930617   C-3            1          24             241          24.1
             1501        930617   C-4            1          26             261          31.4









                         A              B              c              D              E
              151        930617   C-5                       22             22          34.7
              152        930617   C-6                       25             25          38.3
              153        930617   D-1                       22             22          31.7
              154        930617   D-2                       30             30          39.6
              155        930617   D-3                       27             27          41.7
              156        930617   D-4                       17             17           .35.8
              157        930617   D-5                       25             25          33.8
              158        930617   D-6                       22             22          24.6
              159
              160  Date           Site           %o T           %o B
              1611       920919 A- 1                        24             32          14.9
              162        920919 A-2                         32                         20.8
              163        920919   A-3                       30             32          17.6
              164        920919   A-4                       28             32          16.4
              165        920919 A-5                         18             30          14.9
              166        920919   A-6                       26             32          23.2
              167        920919   A-7                      20.5            32          10.8
              168        920919   A-8                       18             32             8.9
              169        920919   A-9                       20             32             9.9
              170,       920919   B-1                       30             30          52.3
              171        920919   B-2                       26                         51.9
              172        920919   B-3
              173        920919   B-4                       24             25          32.9
              174        920919   B-5                       25             25          26.5
              175        920919   B-6                       22             22          25.4
              176        920919   B-7                       22             28          14.3
              177        920919   B-8                       22             27          11.3
              1781       920919   B-9                       26             28             4.3
              179        920919   C-1                       30             30          23.4
              180        920919   C-2                       25             30          10.9
              1al        920919   C-3                       25             26          16.7
              182,       920919   C-4                       32             32          22.7
              183        920919   C-5                       27             30          26.9
              184        920919   C-6                       28             30          19.0
              185        920919   D-1                       22             22          16.1
              186        920919   D-2                       25             25          16.1
              1871       920919   D-3                       25             25          18.7
              188        920919   D-4                       is             18          20.1
              189        920919   D-5                       20             22          19.1
              190        920919   D-6                       25             28          12.6
              191
              192  Date           Site           %o T           %o B
              193        920724   A-1                       28             28          28.1
              194        920724   A-2                       30             30          28.6
              195        920724   A-3                       30             30          28.6
              1961       920724   A-4                       30             30          31.3
              1971       920724   A-5                       30             30          30.8
              198        920724   A-6                       30             30          32.9
              199        920724   A-7                       30             29          31.9
              2
               00        9207241A-8             1           301            301         28.1









                          A              B              C              D             E
              201         920724 A-9                         30             30          29.7
              202         920724   B-1                       20             20            8.6
              203         920724   B-2                       20             20          17.3
              204         920724   B-3                       22             22          18.4
              205         920724   B-4                       16             16          20.5
              206         920724   B-5                       is             18          10.3
              207         920724   B-6                       18             is          18.9
              208         920724   B-7                       16             16          16.7
              209         920724   B-8                       15             15          14.6
              21  0       920724   B-9                       20             20          15.1
              21  1       920724   C-1                       20             21          23.8
              21  2       920724   C-2                       17             16          13.0
              213         9207240-3                          16             16          18.9
              21  4       920724   C-4                       26             26          20.0
              215         920724 C-5                         19             19          21.6
              216         920724   C-6                       18             is          19.4
              217
              218   Date           Site           %o T          %o B
              21 9        920804 A-1                         31             32          14.0
              220         920804 A-2                         31             31          12.4
              221         920804   A-3                       32             32            9.7
              222         920804   A-4                       32             32          11.3
              223         920804 A-5                         32             32          19.4
              224         920804 A-6                         32             31          18.4
              225         920804 A-7                         33             33            8.1
              225         920804 A-8                         32             32            9.7
              227         920804   A-9                       31             32          11.3
              228         920804   B-1                       30             30            4.3
              229         920804   B-2                       30             30            3.2
              230         920804   B-3                       31             31            2.2
              231         920804   B-4                       28             28          22.7
              232         920804   B-5                       30             30            9.7
              233         920804   B-6                       30             30          13.5
              234         920804   B-7                       28             29            8.6
              235         920804   B-8                       28             29          10.3
              236         920804   B-9                       28             28          10.8
              237         920804   C-1                       28             29          21.1
              238         920804   C-2                       27             28          10.8
              239         920804   0-3                       25             25          11.3
              240         920804   C-4                       31             31          14.6
              241         920804   C-5                       28             28          18.4
              242         920804   C-6                       29             30          13.5
              243
              244   Date           Site           %o T          %o B
              245         930624 A- 1                        30             33          14.6
              246         930624 A-2                         32             33            2.9
              247         930624   A-3                       32             33          15.3
              248         9306241ADAVE1                  321.
              249         9306241A-4              1          321            321           5.3
              250         9306241A-5              1          341            321           2.5









                          A               B             c              Q               E
              251         930624 A-6                         33             32          15.8
              252         930624 ADAVE2                      31
              253         930624   A-7                       32             32            9.4
              254         930624 A-8                         32             32          10.8
              255         930624 A-9                         33             34          13.1
              256         930624 ADAVE3                      34
              257         930624   B-1                       29             30          10.0
              258         930624   B-2                       30             30          10.1
              259         930624   B-3                       31             32            7.o
              260         930624   BDAVE1                    3o  .
              261         930624   B-4                       32             32          28.3
              262         930624   B-5                       32             32          12.8
              263         930624   B-6                       31             31          16.2
              264         930624 BDAVE2                      32  .                     IEVAL
              265         930624   B-7                       37             38            5.5
              266,        930624   B-8                       39             40            4.4
              267         930624   B-9                       35             35         -12.7
              268         930624   BDAVE3                    39  .                     !EVAL
              269         930624   C-1                       30             32          27.1
              .270        930624   C-2                       30             32          13.7
              271         930624   C-3                       29             31          15.8
              272         930624 CDAVE1                      29  .                     IEVAL
              273         930624   C-4                       35             35          21.3
              274         930624   C-5                       32             30          23.7
              275         930624   C-6                       31             33          22.3
              276         930624 CD"E2                       29  .                     EVAL
              277         930624   D-1                       30             32          23.9
              278         930624   D-2                       30             31          24.4
              279         930624   D-3                       30             31          27.0
              280         930624   DDAVE1                    31  .                     IEVAL
              281         930624   D-4                       18             16          33.0
              282         930624   D-5                       31             31          28.3
              283         930624   D-6                       30             31          21.8
              284         930624   DDAVE2                    25  .
              285
              286   Date           Site           %o T           %o B
              287         930723   A-1                       31                             5
              288         930723   A-2                       31                           3.5
              289         930723   A-3-                      31                           4.5
              .290        930723   ADAVE-1                   36                             0
              291         930723   A-4                       32                             4
              292         930723   A-5                       31                             7
              293         930723 A-6                         31                             5
              294         930723 ADAVE2                      35                             3
              295         930723   A-7                       35                             0
              296         930723   A-8                       33                             0
              297         930723   A-9                       32                           4.5
              298         930723 ADAVE3                      321.                           5
              299         930723   B-1                       311.                           5
              300         930723   B-2                       321.                           3








                      A             B           C           Q            E
            301       930723  B-3                   32                          0
            302       930723  BDAVE1                32                          3
            303       930723  B-4                   34                          3
            304       930723  B-5                   35                          2
            305       930723  B-6                   37                          4
            306       930723  BDAVE2                42                          1
            307       930723  B-7                   36                          7
            .308      930723  B-8                   37                       3.5
            309       930723  B-9                   34               2
            310       930723  BDAVE3                45                          1
            31  1     930723  C-1                   34                          6
            312       930723  C-2                   35                          3
            313       930723  C-3                   36                          7
            '314      930723 CDAVEI                 38                          2
            315       930723  C-4                   34                          1
            316       930723  C-5                   35                       7.5
            .317      930723  C-6                   32                          7
            318       930723  CDAVE2                40                          6
            31 9      930723  D-1                   37                          9
            .320      930723  D-2                   35                          7
            321       930723  D-3                   37                          6
            322       930723  DDAVE1                42                          5
            323       930723  D-4                   25                       11
            .3,24     930723  D-5                   35                       7.5
            325       930723  D-6                   34                          5
            326       930723  DDAVE2                32                       4.5
            327
            328  Date         Site        %o T         %o B
            329       930809  A-1                   29                       19
            330       930809  A-2                   33                       20
            331       930809  A-3
            332       930809 ADAVE-1                35                      18.5
            333       930809  A-4
            334       930809  A-5                   34                       29
            335       930809  A-6                                            25
            336       930809 ADAVE2                 35                       19
            337       930809  A-7                   35                       24
            338       930809  A-8                                            25
            339       930809  A-9                                            26
            340       930809 ADAVE3                 37                       13
            341       930809  B-1                                            46
            342       930809  B-2                   35                       38
            343       930809  B-3                                            36
            344       930809  BDAVE1
            345       930809  B-4                   32                       27
            346       930809  B-5                   32                       24
            347       930809  B-6                   35                       24
            348       9308091BDAVE2                 401                      17
            .349      930809IB-7          1         401                      2 3dl
            350       930809IB-8          I -          1                     2








                      A             B           c            Q            E
            351       930809  B-9                   34                        24
            352       930809  BDAVE3                44                        is
            353       930809  0-1                   33                        25
            354       930809  C-2                   35                        23
            355       930809  C-3                   34                        23
            356       930809  CD"El                 38                        19
            357       930809  C-4                   33                        20
            358       930809  C-5                   30                      26.5
            359       930809  0-6                   32                        26
            360       930809 CDAVE2                 42                        18
            361,      930809  D-1                   35                        28
            362       930809  D-2                   33                        25
            363       930809  D-3                   36                      22.5
            764       930809 DDAVE1
            365       930809  D-4
            .366      930809  D-5                                             27
            367       930809  D-6                   33                        25
            368       930809  DDAVE2                32                      15.5
            369
            3 7 01 Date       Site         %o T         %0 B
            371       930813  A-1                   32                      24.5
            372       930813  A-2                   28                      24.5
            373       930813  A-3
            374,      930813 ADAVE-1
            375       930813  A-4                   33                        31
            376       930813  A-5                   33                        33
            377       930813  A-6                   33                        23
            3781      930813 ADAVE2,
            379       930813  A-7                   34                        22
            380       930813  A-8                   37                        21
            381       930813  A-9                   37                        21
            3821      930813 ADAVE3                 34                        20
            383       930813  B-1                   38                        47
            384       930813  B-2                   35                        42
            385       930813  B-3
            3861      930813  BDAVE1
            387       930813  B-4                   31                        32
            388       930813  B-5                   33                        29
            389       930813  B-6                   34                        29
            3901      930813  BDAVE2                38                        27
            391       930813  B-7                   37                        29
            392       930813  B-8
            393       930813  B-9                   34                        30
            3941      930813  BDAVE3
            395       930813  C-1
            396       930813  C-2                   34                      22.5
            397       930813  C-3                   33                        29
            398       930813 CDAVE1
            3991      930813IC-4                    32                      24.5
            4001      93081 31C-5                   351             1         32









                        A              B           c             Q            E
             401        930813  C-6                     32                       29.5
             402        930813  CDAVE2
             403        930813  D-1                     30                       34.5
             404        930813  D-2                     33                         36
             405        930813  D-3                     34                       29.9
             406        930813  DDAVE1
             407        930813  D-4
             408        930813  D-5
             409        930813  D-6                     29                       23.5
             410        930813  DDAVE2
             411,
             412  Date          Site         %o T          %o B
             413        930817  A-1                     30                          3
             .414       930817 A-2                      32                          2
             415        930817  A-3                     32                         3.5
             41 6       930817 ADAVE-1                  36                          0
             417        930817 A-4                      32                          7
             418        930817  A-5                     32                          3
             419        930817  A-6                     32                          7
             420        930817 ADAVE2                   36                         0.5
             421        930817  A-7                     32                          0
             422        930817  A-8                     32                          0
             4231       930817  A-9                     32                         3.5
             424        930817 ADAVE3                   35                          0
             425        930817  B-1                     35                          6
             426        930817  B-2                     35                         6.5
             427        930817  B-3                     36                          5
             428        930817  BDAVE1                  34                          4
             429        930817  B-4                     37                          9
             430        930817  B-5                     38                          5
                        930817  B-6                     35                         5.5
             432        930817  BDAVE2                  41                          5
             433        930817  B-7                     42                         7.5
             434        930817  B-8                     38                          8
             435        930817  B-9                     38                          2
             436        930817  BDAVE3                  38                          6
             437        930817 C-1                      35                         1 1
             438        930817  0-2                     37                         9.5
             439        930817  C-3                     36                       13.5
             440        930817  CDAVE1                  38                          8
             441        930817  C-4                     36                         5.5
             442        930817  C-5                     34                       14.5
             443        930817  C-6                     34                         15
             444        930817  CDAVE2                  36                         13
             445        930817  D-1                     28                       17.5
             446        930817  D-2                     38                         15
             447        930817  D-3                     27                         36
             448        930817  DDAVEI                  40                         15
             449        930817ID-4
             450        930817ID-5








                       A              B            c            Q             E
            451        930817 D-6                      32                         30
            452        930817 DDAVE2
            453
            454   Date          Site         %o T         %o B
            455        930824 A-1                      31                          8
            456        930824 A-2                      32                         11
            457        930824 A-3                      35                         13
            458        930824 ADAVE-1                  35                         11
            459        930824 A-4                      34                         16
            460        930824 A-5                      33                         12
            4611.      930824 A-6                      32                       17.5
            462        930824 ADAVE2                   37                          0
            463        930824 A-7                      34                        5.5
            .464       930824 A-8                      32                          6
            465        930824 A-9                      32                          8
            466        930824 ADAVE3                   35                          0
            467        930824   B-1                    31                        5.5
            468        930824   B-2                    32                          7
            469        930824   B-3                    36                          5
            470        930824 BDAVE1                   32                        5.5
            471        930824   B-4                    32                          7
            472        930824   B-5                    34                          4
            4731       930824   B-6                    36                          6
            474        930824   BDAVE2                 35                          3
            475        930824   B-7                    36                          6
            476        930824   B-8                    38                          7
            477        930824   B-9                    34                        1.5
            478        930824   BDAVE3                 38                          0
            479        930824   C-1                    34                         12
            480        930824   C-2                    36                        8.5
            481        930824   C-3                    35                       10.5
            482        930824 CDAVEI                   33                          5
            483        930824   C-4                    32                       14.5
            484        930824   C-5                    34                       15.5
            485        930824   C-6                    35                          5
            486        930824 CDAVE2                   34                         11
            487        930824   D-1                    35                       15.5
            488        930824   D-2                    34                         12
            489        930824   D-3                    38                         10
            4901       930824   DDAVE1                 43                        9.5
            491        930824   D-4                    30                         16
            492        930824   D-5                    33                         10
            493        930824   D-6                    32                        8.5
            494        930824   DDAVE2                 33                          7
            495

            496
            w















            497

            498
            4991
            5001









                      A             B           c            D            E
            501

            502
            5031
            504

            505

            506

            507
            508

            509

            510
            511

            51  2

            513
            5141
            51  5

            51  6
            517
            518

            51 9

            520

            521
            5 2 21 DATE       Site        %o T         %0 B
            523       940603  A-1                   22                          0
            524       940603  A-2                   26                        21
            525       940603  A-3
            5261      940603 ADAVE-1                29                        20
            527       940603  A-4                   32                        25
            528       940603  A-5                   24                        29
            529       940603  A-6
            530       940603 ADAVE2
            531       940603  A-7
            532       940603  A-8                   23                        22
            533       940603  A-9                   29                        18
            5341      940603 ADAVE3
            535       940603  B-1                   26                        32
            536       940603  B-2                   26                        34
            537       940603  B-3                   25                        28
            538       940603  BDAVEI                25                        20
            539       940603  B-4                   26                        '16
            540       940603  B-5                   26                        17
            541       940603  B-6                   28                        15
            542       940603  BDAVE2                26                      13.5
            543,      940603  B-7                   27                        17
            544       940603  B-8                   26                        17
            545       940603  B-9                   30                      16.5
            546       940603  BDAVE3                26                      14.5
            547       940603  C-1                   25                        19
            5481      940603  C-2                   28                      13.5
            5491      940603IC-3                    251                     13.5
            5501      9406031CDAVE1       1         221                       13









                      A             B           c            D            E
            551       940603  C-4                    26                       12
            552       940603  C-5                    28                       20
            553       940603  C-6                    28                       20
            554       940603  CDAVE2                 28                       17
            555       940603  D-1                    25                       15
            556       940603  D-2                    29                      13.5
            557       940603  D-3                    29                       1 1
            558       940603  DDAVE1                 27                       15
            559       940603  D-4                    24                      25.5
            560       940603  D-5                    23                       17
            .561      940603  D-6                    22                       9.5
            562       940603  DDAVE2                 24                      13.5
            563
            564   DATE        Site         %o T         %o B
            .565      940608  A-1                    23                       1 1
            566       940608  A-2                    24                       13
            567       940608  A-3                    30                       14
            568       940608 ADAVE-1                 29                      13.5
            569       940608  A-4                    31                      14.5
            570       940608  A-5                    30                       14
            571       940608 A-6                     31                       8.5
            572       940608  ADAVE2                 30                      13.5
            .573      940608  A-7                    32                          4
            574       940608  A-8                    32                       5.5
            575       940608  A-9                    32                          9
            576       940608  ADAVE3                 32                          1
            577       940608  B-1                    27                       47
            578       940608  B-2                    26                      47.5
            579       940608  B-3
            580       940608  BDAVE1                 27                       20
            .581      940608  B-4                    25                      27.5
            582       940608  B-5                    25                      24.5
            583       940608  B-6                    28                       22
            584-      940608  BDAVE2                 27                       22
            585       940608  B-7                    34                       29
            586       940608  B-8
            587       940608  B-9                    33                       22
            588       940608  BDAVE3                 28                       19
            589       940608  C-1                    29                      25.5
            590       940608  C-2                    26                      17.5
            591       940608  C-3                    25                       18
            592       940608 CDAVE1                  20                       16
            .593      940608  C-4                    24                       13
            594       940608  C-5                    25                       19
            595       940608  C-6                    28                       25
            596       940608  CDAVE2                 26                       20
            597       940608  D-1                    26                      21.5
            598       940608  D-2                    29                       1 8
            '599      940608  D-3                    26                      16.5
            ,600      940608IDDAVE1                  271                      191









                      A             B           c            D           E
           601        940608 D-4                    23                      24.5
           602        940608  D-5                   23                        22
           603        940608  D-6                   21                        14
           604        940608  DDAVE2                22                        17
           605
           606   DATE         Site        %o T         %0 B
           607        940620  A-1                   30                      12.5
           608        940620  A-2                   26                      12.5
           609        940620  A-3                   34                        14
           61 0       940620 ADAVE-1                31                        13
           61   11    940620 A-4                    32                      15.5
           61   2     940620 A-5                    32                        14
           613        940620  A-6                   32                        10
           614        940620 ADAVE2                 32                        -13
           615        940620  A-7                   33                        10
           616        940620  A-8                   32                        10
           617        940620  A-9                   32                        10
           61 8       940620 ADAVE3                 32                        5.5
           61 9       940620  B-1                   32                        34
           6201       940620  B-2
           621        940620  B-3                   28                        40
           622        940620  BDAVE1
           623        940620  B-4                   26                        31
           624        940620  B-5                   31                        35
           625        940620  B-6                   29                        35
           626        940620  BDAVE2                29                      21.5
           627        940620  B-7                   36                        9.5
           628        940620  B-8                   38                        13
           6291       940620  B-9                   38                      10.5
           630        940620  BDAVE3                37                        10
           631        940620  C-1                   28                        25
           632        940620  C-2                                             25
           633        940620  C-3                   25                        28
           634        940620 CDAVE1                 22                      21.5
           635        940620  C-4                   24                        22
           636        940620  C-5                   25                        24
           6371       940620  C-6                   28                        30
           638        940620 CDAVE2                 26                        22
           639        940620  D-1                   26                        32
           640        940620  D-2                   30                      28.5
           641        940620  D-3                   27                        20
           642        940620  DDAVE1                27                        23
           643        940620  D-4                   23                        32
           644        940620  D-5                   25                        27
           6451       940620  D-6                   24                      21.5
           646        940620  DDAVE2                25                        23
           647
           648   DATE         Site        %o T         %0 B
           649        940623  A-1                   32                          1
           1650,      9406231A-2          1         29                          6







                         A               B             c             Q             E
              6,11       940623   A-3                      30                         10.5
              652        940623 ADAVE-1                    32                              7
              653        940623   A-4                      30                            12
              654        940623   A-5                      30                              8
              655        940623 A-6                        30                              7
              656        940623 ADAVE2                     29                              7
              657        940623 A-7                        32                              2
              658        940623   A-8                      32                              1
              659        940623   A-9                      31                          6.5
              660        940623 ADAVE3                     32                            -4
              661        940623   B-1                      31                              4
              662        940623   B-2                      31                              4
              663        940623   B-3                      30                              0
              664        940623   BDAVE1                   33                              0
              665        940623   B-4                      32                              5
              666        940623   B-5                      32                          3.5
              667        940623   B-6                      33                              4
              668        940623   BDAVE2                   35                              0
              669        940623   B-7                      35                          3.5
              670        940623   B-8                      37                              1
              671        940623   B-9                      38                              6
              672        940623   BDAVE3                   37                          2.5
              673        940623   C-1                      30                          8.5
              674        940623   C-2                      31                              5
              675        940623   C-3                      30                              6
              676        940623 CDAVE1                     31                              2
              677        940623   C-4                      30                              0
              678        940623   C-5                      31                              9
              679        940623   C-6                      33                              9
              680        940623   CDAVE2                   30                          5.5
              681        940623   D-1                      32                              8
              682        940623   D-2                      30                              7
              683        940623   D-3                      31                              5
              684-       940623   DDAVE1                   30                              0
              685        940623   D-4                      31                              6
              686        940623   D-5                      31                          0.5
              687        940623   D-6                      28                            -2
              688        940623   DDAVE2                   31                         -4.5
              689
              690    DATE         Site          %o T           %o B
              691        920901   A-1                      31                         12.1
              692        920901   A-2                      30                         12.5
              693        920901   A-3                      30                          9.8
              694        920901   A-4                      30                          9.5
              695        920901   A-5                      30                         14.0
              696        920901   A-6                      30                         14.9
              697        920901   A-7                      30                          8.0
              698        920901   A-8                      30                          7.51
              699        920901   A-9                      28                         10.8
              700        920901IB-1                        301              1          9.6








                          A              B              C              D              E
              701         920901   B-2                       30                           8.3
              702         920901   B-3                       29                           7.5
              703         920901   B-4                       25                         23.8
              704         920901   B-5                       26                         11.4
              705         920901   B-6                       30                         17.5
              706         920901   B-7                       31                           8.3
              707         920901   B-8                       30                           6.2
              708         920901   B-9                       28                           3.8
              709         920901   C-1                       31                         17.9
              710         920901   C-2                       31                           5.8
              71    1     920901   0-3                      34.5                        14.4
              71    2     920901   C-4                       30                         14.8
              713         920901   0-5                       32                         13.7
              714         920901   C-6                       30                         11.6
              71    5
              716   DATE           Site           %o T          %o B
              717         920905   A-1                       30                         21.8
              71    8     920905 A-2                         30                         24.0
              71    9     920905 A-3                         31                         19.5
              720         920905   A-4                       32                         26.9
              721         920905   A-5                       32                         26.4
              722         920905   A-6                       32                         26.4
              723         920905   A-7                       30                         20.9
              724         920905   A-8                       30                         22.7
              725         920905   A-9                       34                         10.8
              726         920905   B-1                       24                         12.3
              727         920905   B-2                       18                         13.8
              728         920905   B-3                       25                         12.1
              729         920905   B-4                       24                         21.0
              730         920905   B-5                       22                         11.8
              731.        920905   B-6                       20                         16.6
              .732        920905   B-7                       22                           9.7
              733         920905   B-8                       20                           6.7
              734         920905   B-9                       18                         -3.1
              735         920905   C-1                       25                         18.3
              7361        920905   0-2                       24                           7.2
              737         920905   C-3                       24                         10.7
              738         920905   C-4                       28                         15.3
              739         920905   C-5                       26                         14.9
              740         920905 C-6                         28                         12.1
              .741        920905   D-1                       22                         11.8
              742         920905   D-2                       24                         12.9
              743         920905   D-3                       25                         16.9
              744         920905   D-4                       16                         16.4
              .745        920905   D-5                       20                         16.3
              746         920905   D-6                       20                           5.4
              747
              748   DATE           Site          %o T           I%o B         1
              17491       920821   A-1                       251                        24.6
              17501       920821   A-2                       301                        26.8








                       A             B            c            D             E
            751        920821  A-3                     30                      24.1
            752        920821  A-4                     29                      28.3
            .753       920821  A-5                     25                      26.9
            754        920821  A-6                     26                      27.3
            755        920821  A-7                     30                      26.4
            756        920821  A-8                     30                      27.3
            757        920821  A-9                     25                      26.9
            758        920821  B-1                     16                      14.6
            759        920821  B-2                     15                      22.0
            760        920821  B-3                     25                      24.1
            .761       920821  B-4                     15                      25.1
            762        920821  B-5                     13                      13.7
            763        920821  B-6                     12                      21.7
            764        920821  B-7                     14                      10.7
            765        920821  B-8                     15                        9.0
            766        920821  B-9                     15                        4.7
            767        920821  0-1                     20                      39.0
            768        920821  C-2                     20                      27.0
            769        920821  C-3                     15                      30.5
            770        920821  C-4                     22                      35.5
            771        920821  C-5                     21                      36.5
            772        920821  C-6                     21                      35.5
            773
            774

            775

            776

            777

            778

            779

            780

            781

            782

            783

            784

            785

            786

            787

            788

            789

            790

            791

            792

            793

            794

            795
            w














            796

            797

            798

            799
            8 0 0 DATE         SITE         %0            DEPTH









                       A              B           c             Q            E
             801       930624   DAVEI
             802       930624   DAVE2
             803       930624   DAVE3                  18         19.5
             804       930624   DAVE4
             805       930624   DAVE5                  29           12
             806       930624   DAVE6                  32         12.5
             807       930624   DAVE7                  28             7
             808       930624   DAVE8                  27             0
             809       930624   DAVE9                  31   2
             sio       930624   DAVE10                 32           3.5
             Bill
             81 2 DATE          SITE         %0           DEPTH
             81 3      930723   DAVE1                  15           24
             814       930723   DAVE2                  12           17
             815       930723   DAVE3                  28             1
             81 6      930723   DAVE4                  28           10
             817       930723   DAVE5                  35             7
             81 8      930723   DAVE                   45           5.5
             81 9      930723   DAVE7                  40             2
             820       930723   DAVE8                  35 * 3
             821       930723   DAVE9                  36 * 4
             822       930723   DAVE10                 39           0.5
             823
             824  DATE          SITE         %0           DEPTH
             825       930809   DAVE1                  10           19
             826       930809   DAVE2
             827       930809   DAVE3                  30           15
             828       930809   DAVE4                  28         15.5
             829       930809   DAVE5
             830       930809   DAVE6                               14
             831-      930809   DAVE7                  38           18
             832       930809   DAVE8                  35           10
             833       930809   DAVE9                  38           15
             834       930809   DAVE10                 38         15.5
             835
             836  DATE          SITE         %0           DEPTH
             837       930813   DAVE1
             838       930813   DAVE2
             839       930813   DAVE3                  26           18
             840       930813   DAVE4
             841       930813   DAVE5
             842       930813   DAVE6                  48           15
             843       930813   DAVE7
             844       930813   DAVE8                  31         13.5
             845       930813   DAVE9
             846       930813 DAVE10
             847
             848  DATE          SITE         %0           DEPTH
             1849      930817   DAVE1
             1850      9.308171DAVE2









                        A              B             c             D             E
             851        930817   DAVE3
             852        930817   DAVE4
             853        930817   DAVE5                    35            18
             854        930817   DAVE6                    36            16
             855        930817   DAVE7                    36             6
             856        930817   DAVE8                    35             3
             857        930817   DAVE9                    35             0
             858        930817   DAVE10                   37             5
             859
             860   DATE          SITE          %0            DEFrH
             861,       930824   DAVEI
             862        930824   DAVE2
             863        930824   DAVE3                    32            5.5
             864        930824   DAVE4                    30            1 1
             865        930824   DAVE5                    37            13
             866        930824   DAVE6                    42             9
             867        930824   DAVE7                    32             5
             868        930824   DAVE8                    35             0
             869        930824   DAVE9                    32             0
             8701       930824   DAVE10                   35            4.5
             871
             872   DATE          SITE          %0            DEPTH
             873        9,40603  DAVE1
             874        940603   DAVE2
             875        940603   DAVE3                    15            4.5
             876        940603   DAVE4                    1 1            7
             877        940603   DAVE5                   12.5           14
             8781       940603   DAVE6
             879        940603   DAVE7                    25            12
             1180       940603   DAVE8                    27            10
             881        940603   DAVE9                    28           13.5
             882        940603   DAVE10                   30            14
             883
             884   DATE          SITE          %0            DEPTH
             885        940608   DAVE1
             886        940608   DAVE2
             8871       940608   DAVE3                    18           11.5
             888        940608   DAVE4                    10            10
             889        940608   DAVES                    24           17.5
             890        940608   DAVE6                    25            21
             891        940608   DAVE7                    25            20
             892        940608   DAVE8                    25            17
             893        940608   DAVE9                    38            20
             894        940608   DAVE 10                  28            20
             895
             81                 7
               51            1
                           D a 117
               52          D@8















             @
             8 9 61 DATE         SITE          %0            DEPTH
             8971       940620   DAVE1
             898        940620   DAVE2
             899        940620   DAVE3                    20            16
             9 0 0      9406201DAVE4                      141           231









                      A             B           C            D            E
            901       940620  DAVE5                  25          23
            902       940620  DAVE6                  26          17.5
            903       940620  DAVE7                  24          24
            904       940620  D"E8                   30          21
            905       940620  DAVE9                  36           2
            906       940620  DAVE10                 29          20
            907
            .908      940623  DAVE1
            909       940623  DAVE2
            .91 0     940623  DAVE3                  25          -4.5
            911       940623  DAVE4                  18          -2
            .91 2     940623  DAVE5                  30           3
            913       940623  DAVE6                  32           3
            914       940623  DAVE7                  33           0
            915       940623  DAVE8                  30          -2
            .91 61    9406231 DAVE9                  381         -31
            19171     9406231DAVE10       1          341         2.51




 I
 I
 I
 I
 I                                    APPENDIX 11- 29
 I
 1                               MILL CREEK STUART FARM

                                    WATER TABLE DATA
 I
 I
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 I
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 I
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 I
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 I                                       APP 11-29
 1








                             A                B               c                Q               E
                 I     DATE            SITE            %0               DEPTH           TIDE S/N
                 2           930 610 SFL1 A                           6   -0.488479     N
                 3           930610    SFUB                           6   4.1198157     N
                 4           930610    SFU C                        14    11.953917     N
                 5           930610    SFL2A                          4   2.2764977     N
                 6           930610    SFL2B                          5   2.7373272     N
                 7           930610    SFL2C                        12    9.1889401     N
                 a           930610    SFL3A                          1   2.2764977     N
                 9           930610    SFL3B                          3   5.5023041     N
                1 0          930610    SFL3C                        15    8.2672811     N
                1 1          930610    SFL4A                          0   4.5806452     N
                1 2          930610    SFI-413                        4   6.4239631     N
                1 3          930610    SFL4C                          1   -15.69585     N
                1 4          930610    SFI-5A                                           N
                1 5          930610    SFL5B                                            N
                1 6          930610 SFL5C                                               N
                1 7          930610 SFUlA                             0       17.9447   N
                1 8          930610    SFUl B                         0      18.40553   N
                1 9          930610    SFUlC                          0   10.110599     N
                20           930610    SFU2A                          0   21.170507     N
                2 1          930610    SFU213                         0   21.170507     N
                2 2          930610    SFU2C                          0   11.032258     N
               .2 3          930610    SFU3A                          0   20.248848     N
                24           930610    SFU3B                          0   16.562212     N
                2 5          930610    SFU3C                          0   7.3456221     N
                26           930610 SFU4A                             0   21.170507     N
                27           930610    SFU4B                          0   21.170507     N
                2 8          930610    SFU4C                          0   9.1889401     N
                2 9          930610    SFU5A                          0   18.866359     N
                30           930610    SFU513                         0   21.170507     N
               .3 1          930610    SFU5C                          0   8.7281106     N
                3 2          930610    SFU6A                          0   8.7281106     N
                33           930610    SFU613                         0   20.248848     N
                34           930610    SFU6C                          0   21.170507     N
               .35                                                        2.7373272
                36     DATE            SITE            %0                      IVALUE TIDE S/N
                37           930617    SFLlA                          5   12.875576     N
                38           930617    SFU B                          6   19.327189     N
                39           930617    SFUC                         13    4.5806452     N
                40           930617    SFL2A                          4   14.718894     N
                41           930617    SFI-213                        5   19.327189     N
                42           930617    SFL2C                        1 1   6.8847926     N
                43           930617    SFL3A                          1   14.718894     N
               .44           930617    SFI-313                        3      18.40553   N
                45           930617    SFL3C                        1 1   4.5806452     N
                46           930617    SFL4A                          2   12.414747     N
                47           930617    SFL4B                          3   17.023041     N
               .48           930617    SFL4C                          0   -20.30415 N
                49           930617 SFL5A                                               N
                50           9306171SFI-513                                            IN









                        A               B           c             Q             E
              51        930617 SFL5C                                       N
              52        930617   SFUlA                     0   16.562212   N
              53        930617 SFUlB                       0   17.023041   N
              54        930617   SFUlC                     0   6.8847926   N
              55        930617 SFU2A                                       N
              56        930617   SFU213                                    N
              57        930617   SFU2C                     0   6.8847926   N
              .58       930617 SFU3A                       0   2.7373272   N
              59        930617   SFU313                    0   18.866359   N
              60        930617 SFU3C                       0   7.3456221   N
              6 1       930617   SFU4A                                     N
              .62       930617   SFU413                                    N
              63        930617   SFU4C                     0   8.2672811   N
              64        930617 SFU5A                       0    18.40553   N
              65        930617   SFU513                    0    18.40553   N
              66        930617   SFU5C                     0   8.7281106   N
              67        930617   SFU6A                     0   17.483871   N
              68        930617   SFU613                    0   20.248848   N
              69        930617   SFU6C                     0   19.327189   N
              .70                                              2.7373272
              71    DATE         SITE          %0                  IVALUE TIDE S/N
              72        930624   SFLlA                   10    0.4331797   S
              73        930624   SFL1 B                  1 1   2.7373272   S
              74        930624   SFUC                    16    8.2672811   S
              75        930624   SFL2A                   16    1.8156682   S
              '76       930624   SFI-213                 10    1.3548387   S
              77        930624   SFL2C                   13    8.2672811   S
              .78       930624 SFL3A                       3   5.0414747   S
              79        930624   SFL3B                     5   2.7373272   S
              80        930624   SFL3C                   17    4.5806452   S
              8  1      930624   SFL4A                     5   1.3548387   S
              .82       930624   SFI-413                   3   3.6589862   S
              8 3       930624   SFL4C                     2   -26.75576   S
              84        930624 SFL5A                                       S
              85        930624   SFI-513                                   S
              86        930624   SFL5C                                     S
              87        930624 SFUlA                       0   17.483871   S
              .88       930624   SFUlB                     0    18.40553   S
              89        930624   SFUlC                     0   11.953917   S
              .90       930624 SFU2A                                       S
              91        930624 SFU213                                      S
              92        930624 SFU2C                       5   12.875576   S
              93        930624 SFU3A                                       S
                 4      930624 SFU313                                      S
              95        930624   SFU3C                     0   12.875576   S
              96        930624 SFU4A                                       S
              9 7       930624 SFU4B                                       S
              .98       930624   SFU4C                     0   7.8064516   S
              99        930624 SFU5A                       0   17.483871   S
              100       930624ISFU5B                       01   18.405531S









                             A                  B              c               Q                E
                 101         930624 SFU5C                             0    17.023041     S
                 102         930624 SFU6A                                                S
                 103         930624 SFU6B                                                S
                             930624 SFU6C                                                S
                 105                                                       2.7373272
                 106   DATE            SITE             %0                               TIDE S/N
                 107         930714 SFL5A                            20    7.8064516     N
                 108         930714    SFL5B                         27    20.248848     N
                 109         930714 SFL5C                            15      18.40553    N
                 110                                                       2.7373272
                 1 1 1  DATE           SITE             %0                               TIDE S/N
                 11  2       930723    SFLIA                         20       -0.02765   S
                 113         930723    SFL1 B                        18    0.8940092     S
                 .1 14       930723    SFL1 C                        27    8.2672811     S
                 1is         930723    SFL2A                         15    2.7373272     S
                 116         930723    SFI-213                       18    0.8940092     S
                 117         930723    SFL2C                         20    7.3456221     S
                 11 1 8      930723    SFL3A                          9    1.8156682     S
                 11 9        930723    SFI-313                       12    1.8156682     S
                 120         930723    SFL3C                         24    6.4239631     S
                 121         930723    SFL4A                         12    -1.870968     S
                 122         930723    SFL4B                          6    -0.488479     S
                 123         930723    SFL4C                          5       -10.1659   S
                 124         930723    SFI-5A                        14    12.875576     S
                 125         930723    SFL5B                         10    8.2672811     S
                 1261        930723    SFL5C                         21    7.3456221     S
                 127         930723    SFUIA                          0    12.875576     S
                 128         930723 SFUIB                                                S
                 129         930723    SFUIC                          0    21.170507 S
                 130         930723    SFU2A                          0    19.788018     S
                 131         930723    SFU2B                          0    21.170507     S
                 132         930723    SFU2C                          2        17.9447   S
                 133         930723    SFU3A                          0    25.778802     S
                 134         930723    SFU313                         0        17.9447   S
                 135         930723    SFU3C                                             S
                 136         930723    SFU4A                          0    28.082949     S
                 137         930723    SFU413                         0    21.170507     S
                 138         930723    SFU4C                          0    21.170507 S
                 139         930723    SFU5A                          2    21.170507     S
                 140         930723    SFU513                         0    23.935484     S
                 141         930723    SFU5C                                             S
                 142         930723    SFU6A                          0    20.248848     S
                 143         930723    SFU613                         0    24.857143     S
                 144         930723    SFU60                                             S
                 145                                                       2.7373272
                 146    DATE           SITE             %0                               TIDE S/N
                 147         930726    SFI-5A                                            S
                 148         930726    SFI-513                       12    21.170507     S
                 149         930726    SFL5C                                             S
                 150                   1                                   2.7373272








                            A                 B              c                D               E
                1,51  DATE            SITE            -/oo                              TIDE SIN
                152         930809 SFLlA                           21     12.414747     N
                153         930809    SFL1 B                       21        17.9447    N
                154         930809    SFLlC                        25     8.7281106     N
                155         930809    SFL2A                        18     16.562212     N
                156         930809    SFI-213                      18     19.327189     N
                157         930809    SFL2C                        20     7.8064516     N
                158         930809    SFL3A                           8   17.483871     N
                159         930809    SFL3B                        12      18.40553     N
                160         930809    SFL3C                        22     7.3456221     N
                1611        930809    SFL4A                        13     16.101382     N
                162         930809    SFL4B                        10     17.483871     N
                163         930809    SFL4C                           6   -16.61751     N
                164         930809    SFL5A                        15      18.40553     N
                165         930809    SFL513                                            N
                166         930809    SFL5C                        21     7.3456221     N
                167         930809    SFUlA                                             N
                168         930809    SFUlB                                             N
                169         930809    SFUlC                                             N
                170         930809    SFU2A                                             N
                171         930809    SFU213                          0   20.248848     N
                172         930809    SFU2C                           0   13.336406     N
                173,        930809    SFU3A                                             N
                174         930809 SFU313                                               N
                175         930809 SFU3C                                                N
                176         930809    SFU4A                                             N
                177         930809    SFU4B                                             N
                178,        930809    SFU4C                           0    18.40553     N
                179         930809 SFU5A                              2   14.718894     N
                180         930809    SFU513                                            N
                181         930809 SFU5C                                                N
                1821        930809 SFU6A                                                N
                183         930809    SFU613                          0   20.248848     N
                184         930809    SFU6C                           0    18.40553     N
                185                                                       2.7373272
                186   DATE            SITE             %0                               TIDE S/N
                187         930813    SFLIA                        15      18.40553     N
                188         930813.SFLlB                                                N
                189         930813    SFUC                                              N
                1901        930813    SFL2A                                             N
                191         930813    SFI-213                      14      18.40553     N
                192         930813    SFL2C                                             N
                193         930813    SFL3A                           4    18.40553     N
                194         930813    SFL3B                                             N
                195         930813    SFL3C                        14     2.7373272     N
                196         930813    SFL4A                           6   18.866359     N
                197         930813    SFI-413                         5   19.327189     N
                198         930813    SFL4C                           4   -12.00922     N
                1991        930813    SFL5A                        10         17.9447   N
                2001        93081 31SFI-513                           I.                IN









                            A                 B              c                Q               E
               201          930813    SFL5C                                            N
               202          930813    SFUlA                                            N
               203          930813    SFUl B                                           N
               204          930813    SFUlC                                            N
               205          930813    SFU2A                                            N
               206          930813    SFU2B                         0     19.788018    N
               207          930813    SFU2C                         0     15.179724    N
               208          930813    SFU3A                                            N
               209          930813    SFU313                                           N
               21 0         930813 SFU3C                                               N
               2111         930813    SFU4A                                            N
               21 2         930813    SFU4B                                            N
               213          930813    SFU4C                                            N
               214          930813    SFU5A                                            N
               21 5         930813    SFU513                                           N
               21 6         930813    SFU5C                                            N
               217          930813    SFU6A                                            N
               21 8         930813    SFU613                                           N
               21 91        930813    SFU6C                         0     9.1889401    N
               220                                                        2.7373272
               2 2 1 DATE             SITE            %0                      NALUE TIDE S/N
               222          930817    SFLlA                        20     -1.870968    S
               223,         930817    SFLl B                       25       -0.02765   S
               224          930817    SFL1 C                       25     0.4331797    S
               225          930817    SFI-2A                       18     0.8940092    S
               226          930817    SFI-213                      18     -0.949309    S
               227          930817    SFL2C                        25     -0.488479    S
               2281         930817    SFL3A                        14       -0.02765   S
               229          930817    SFI-313                      15     1-.8156682   S
               230          930817    SFL3C                        20     2.7373272    S
               231          930817    SFL4A                        18     2.7373272    S
               2321         930817    SFI-413                      10     -0.949309    S
               233          930817    SFL4C                        12     -4.635945    S
               234          930817    SFL5A                        20     12.875576    S
               235          930817    SFI-513                      15     6.4239631    S
               236          930817    SFL5C                        22     6.4239631    S
               2371         930817    SFUIA                                            S
               238          930817 SFUlB                                               S
               239          930817 SFUlC                                               S
               240          930817 SFU2A                                               S
               241          930817    SFU213                                           S
               242          930817    SFU2C                         0     17.483871    S
               243          930817    SFU3A                                            S
               244          930817    SFU313                                           S
               245          930817    SFU3C                                            S
               246          930817 SFU4A                                               S
               247          930817    SFU4B                         0     20.248848    S
               248          930817 SFU4C                                               S
               249          930817 SFU5A                            2     17.023041    S
               12501        93081171SFU513                          01    19.7880181S








                            A                B               c               D                E
               251          930817 SFU5C                                               S
               252          930817    SFU6A                                            S
               253          930817    SFU613                                           S
               254          930817    SFU6C                          0   17.023041     S
               255                                                       2.7373272
               256   DATE             SITE            %0                      IVALUE TIDE S/N
               257          930823 SFLIA                          20     4-5806452S,
               258          930823    SFL1 B                      26     5.0414747     S
               259          930823    SFLlC                       26     11.493088     S
               260          930823    SFI-2A                      20     3.6589862     S
               2611         930823    SFI-213                     18     5.5023041     S
               2621         930823    SFL2C                       26     8.7281106     S
               263          930823    SFL3A                       12     2.7373272     S
               264          930823    SFI-313                     15     4.1198157     S
               265          930823    SFL3C                       25     7.3456221     S
               266          930823    SFL4A                       14     3.0138249     S
               267,         930823    SFL4B                       12     3.0138249     S
               268          930823    SFL4C                       12     8.2672811     S
               269          930823    SFL5A                       20     11.953917     S
               270          930823    SFI-513                     16     13.336406     S
               271          930823    SFL5C                       24     8.2672811     S
               272          930823    SFUlA                          0   14.718894 S
               273          930823    SFUIB                              20.248848     S
               274          930823    SFUlC                                            S
               2751         930823    SFU2A                          0   19.788018     S
               276          930823    SFU213                                           S
               277          930823    SFL12C                         0   17.023041     S
               278          930823    SFU3A                                            S
               279,         930823    SFU313                                           s
               280          930823    SFU3C                                            S
               281          930823    SFU4A                                            S
               282          930823    SFU4B                          0   20.248848     S
               283          930823    SFU4C                          0   17.483871     S
               284          930823    SFU5A                          1   16.562212     S
               285          930823    SFUSB                          0   19.788019     S
               286          930823    SFU5C                                            S
               2871         930823    SFU6A                                            S
               288          930823    SFU613                         0     18.40553    S
               289          930823    SFU60                          0   16.101382     S
               290                                                       2.7373272
               291   DATE             SITE            %0                      NALUE TIDE S/N
               292          940603    SFOA                           5   13.797235     N
               293          940603    SFL1 B                      15     16.562212     N
               294          940603    SFOC                        17     6.8847926     N
               295          940603    SFL2A                       1 1    12.875576     N
               2961         940603    SFL2B                       17     19.327189     N
               12971        940603    SFL2C                       10     5.0414747     N
               298          940603    SFL3A                       1 1    16.562212     N
               299          940603    SFI-313                        9   17.023041     N
               300          940603ISFL3C                             91  13.7972 3 51 N









                            A                 B               c               D                E
               301          940603    SFL4A                          5    19.327189     N
               302          940603    SFI-413                        9    19.327189     N
               303          940603 SFL4C                             9      18.40553    N
               304          940603    SFL5A                        14     19.327189     N
               305          940603    SFI-513                                           N
               306          940603    SFL5C                        14     11.493088     N
               307          940603 SFUIA                             5    8.2672811     N
               308          940603    SFUl B                         7    9.1889401     N
               309          940603    SFUlC                          7    6.8847926     N
               310          940603    SFU2A                        11     7.3456221     N
               31   1       940603    SFU2B                        10     2.7373272     N
               31   21      940603    SFU2C                        12     8.7281106     N
               313          940603    SFU3A                                             N
               314          940603 SFU313                                               N
               315          940603    SFU3C                          9    -11.08756     N
               31   6       940603    SFU4A                          9    8.7281106     N
               3171         940603    SFU413                                            N
               31 8         940603    SFU4C                          9    6.8847926     N
               319          940603    SFU5A                        10     19.788018     N
               320          940603    SFU513                       10     11.953917     N
               321          940603    SFU5C                        10     16.562212     N
               3221         940603    SFU6A                          4    1 1.953917    N
               323          940603    SFU613                         5    13.797235     N
               324          940603    SFU6C                                             N
               325                                                        2.7373272
               326    DATE            SITE             %0                     NALUE TIDE S/N
               327          940608    SFL1 A                         6    8.2672811     N
               328          940608    SFL1 B                       15     20.248848     N
               329          940608    SFL1 C                       19     7.3456221     N
               330          940608    SFL2A                        12     16.101382     N
               3311         940608    SFI-213                      16     18.866359     N
               332          940608    SFL2C                        13     6.4239631     N
               333          940608    SFL3A                        14     7.3456221     N
               334          940608    SFI-313                        7    23.013825     N
               335          940608    SFL3C                        10     19.327189     N
               336          940608    SFL4A                          4    21.170507     N
               337          940608    SFL4B                        10     19.327189     N
               338          940608    SFL4C                        10     15.640553     N
               339          940608    SFL5A                        15     23.013825     N
               3401         940608    SFL5B                          9    22.092166     N
               341          940608    SFL5C                        17     11.032258     N
               342          940608    SFUlA                          8    3,6589862     N
               343          940608    SFUl B                       12     8.2672811     N
               344          940608    SFUlC                        14     7.3456221     N
               345          940608    SFU2A                        12     4.5806452     N
                  ol
               3 qO2























               346          940608    SFU213                         7    2.7373272     N
               347          940608    SFU2C                        16     9.1889401     N
               348          940608    SFU3A                        13     16.562212     N
               349          9406081SFU313                          16     23.013825     N
               350          940608TSFU3C                           121    11.4930881 N









                            A                 B               c               D                E
               351          940608    SFU4A                        1 1    11.493088     N
               352          940608    SFU413                       15     22.092166     N
               353          940608    SFU4C                        15     9.1889401     N
               354          940608    SFU5A                        12     14.718894 N
               355          940608    SFU513                       15     11.953917     N
               356          940608    SFU5C                        10     16.562212     N
               357          940608    SFU6A                           5   8.2672811     N
               358          940608    SFU613                          8   11.032258     N
               359          940608    SFU6C                        15     21.170507     N
               360
               361    DATE            SITE             %0                     IVALUE TIDE S/N
               362          940620    SFLIA                        18     5.5023041     S
               363          940620    SFL1 B                       21     8.2672811     S
               364          940620    SFL1 C                       20     5.9631336     S
               3651         940620    SFI-2A                       12     21.170507     S
               366          940620    SFI-213                      19     11.493088     S
               367          940620    SFL2C                        19     5.5023041     S
               368          940620    SFL3A                        10     18.866359     S
               369          940620    SFL3B                        20     11.953917     S
               370          940620    SFL3C                        18     -13.85253     S
               371          940620    SFL4A                        18     11.953917     S
               372          940620    SFI-413                      13     11.032258     S
               3731         940620    SFL4C                        15     20.248848     S
               374          940620    SFI-5A                       14     21.170507     S
               375          940620    SFI-513                      18     16.562212     S
               376          940620    SFL50                        20     10.571429     S
               377          940620 SFUlA                           15     2.7373272     S
               378          940620    SFUl B                       19     6.4239631     S
               379          940620    SFUlC                        19     6.4239631     S
               380          940620    SFU2A                        17     2.7373272     S
               3811         940620    SFU213                       15     -1.870968     S
               382          940620    SFU2C                        21     9.1889401     S
               3113         940620 SFU3A                           20     21.170507     S
               384          940620    SFU313                       22     21.170507     S
               385          940620    SFU3C                        22     11.953917     S
               386          940620    SFU4A                        20     9.6497696     S
               387          940620    SFU4B                        15     18.866359     S
               388          940620    SFU4C                        20     11.032258     S
               389          940620    SFU5A                        20     19.327189     S
               390          940620    SFU5B                        21     11.953917     S
               391          940620    SFU5C                        20     13.797235     S
               392          940620    SFU6A                        10     5.5023041     S
               3931         940620    SFU613                       18     8.2672811     S
               3941         940620    SFU6C                        20     21.170507     S
               395
               3 9 6 DATE             SITE             %0                               TIDE S/N
               397          940623    SFUA                         21     0.8940092     S
               398          940623    SFL1 B                       24     0.8940092     S
               399,         940623ISFLlC                           251    10. 1105 9 91 S
               4001         940623ISFL2A                           221      -0.027651S








                        A             B            c             D            E
             401        940623  SFL2B                   22   0.4331797  S
             402        940623  SFL2C                   23   5.0414747S
             403        940623  SFL3A                   24   0.4331797  S
             404        940623  SFL3B                   18   0.8940092  S
             405        940623  SFL3C                   20   7.3456221  S
             406        940623  SFL4A                   22   2.7373272  S
             407        940623 SFL4B                    24   0.4331797  S
             408        940623  SFL4C                   21   24.857143  S
             409        940623  SFL5A                   22   16.562212  S
             410        940623  SFL5B                   22   -15.69585  S
             .411       940623  SFL5C                   25   11.953917 S
             41 2       940623 SFUlA                    15   2.7373272 S
             413        940623  SFUl B                  16   3.6589862  S
             414        940623 SFUlC                    24   7.3456221  S
             .415       940623  SFU2A                   21   -2.792627  S
             41 6       940623  SFU2B                   10   -3.714286  S
             417        940623  SFU2C                   25   8.2672811  S
             41 8       940623  SFU3A                   23   21.170507  S
             .419       940623  SFU3B                   25   22.092166  S
             420        940623  SFU3C                   25   10.571429  S
             421        940623  SFU4A                   23   9.6497696  S
             422        940623  SFU4B                   22   17.483871  S
             1423       940623  SFU4C                   24   7.3456221  S
             424        940623  SFU5A                   25     18.40553 S
             425        940623  SFU5B                   24   11.493088  S
             426        940623  SFU5C                   25   9.1889401  S
             .427       940623  SFU6A                   13   4.5806452  S
             f
             428        940623  SFU6B                   21   7.3456221  S
                0
             4 2- _9    940623  SFU6C                   25,  14.718894 S
             F4 qO2













                                               APPENDIX III


               An assessment of: "A Manual for monitoring mitigation and restoration
               projects on New Hampshire's Salt Marshes", by Normandeau Associates, Inc.,
               with appropriate management recommendations and suggestions for
               improvement of the document.


               The Manual not only provides a good plan to organize data for assessment of
               individual projects, it provides an important step to establish and standardize
               a database and help organize monitoring data for assessment of mitigation
               and restoration projects throughout New Hampshire and perhaps northern
               New England. It is intended for use by professionals concerned with salt
               marsh resources and functions. The goal of the Manual is to provide a
               framework within which professionals may develop and implement a long-
               term monitoring program to assess the success (or failure) of mitigation and
               restoration projects. By suppling such a framework, the authors hope to: 1)
               focus the development of the monitoring plan on assessing functions critical
               to the goals of the specific project, 2) simplify determination of the level of
               effort required to monitor such projects, and 3) provide standardization of the
               types and frequency of data collection, so a large database will be available in
               the future from which to judge mitigation and restoration projects. The
               Manual decomposes monitoring programs into two efforts: Routine and
               Comprehensive.        Routine monitoring includes observations and
               measurements necessary to assess the establishment of appropriate vegetation
               at a site, whereas Comprehensive monitoring is invoked to address specific
               goals of a project or if the basic vegetation goal is not being approached in a
               satisfactory manner.


               Overall, the Manual is well-written and comprehensive. Most sections of the
               Manual appear to be well-researched. However, some sections still contain
               data gaps. These are not crucial points, but should be included. For example:
               improvement of water quality by removal of suspended sediments in
               marshes, herbivory and use of salt marshes by deer, and function of salt


                                                 APP M-1








               marsh vegetation in maintaining intertidal habitat as sea level rises, are all
               important points that have been omitted.


               Much of the Manual"s utility derives from its generality, so the principles
               may be applied to different projects. However, the procedures for setting up
               transects; (Appendix A) and the data forms (Appendix B) are specific and may
               be inappropriate for many if not most projects. Therefore, the forms should
               indicate that these are merely general examples and modified transect designs
               and data forms may have to be developed for many projects. In fact, the
               assessor is directed to set up transects from a reference site to the project, but
               there is no space on the forms for the reference data. Thus, two examples
               applied to actual projects (one hydrologic restoration, the other a mitigation-
               creation project) using real data should be included in the Manual to aid the

               user.


               Although it is clear that the monitoring design should be established prior to
               the beginning of the restoration or mitigation project and that many projects
               require baseline monitoring, there is no specific sampling period designated
               as a baseline period and there are no baseline forms for monitoring. The
               collection of baseline data should be included in the overall design of many
               projects, and it should be included as a separate sampling period.


               The routine monitoring may require too much data collection for some
               project budgets. The focus on elevations and slopes requires much detailed
               information, some of which may not be available for a site (i.e., NGVD).
               Additionally, efforts spent on measuring surface water salinity may best be
               used placing simple wells at permanent sampling transects for measuring
               salinity of the pore water. The well data collected for the bulk of this report
               provided excellent information to assess the effectiveness of the hydrologic
               restoration efforts at Awcomin Marsh, Rye and at Mill Creek in Stuart Farm.


               Unfortunately, there are no criteria for measuring success of the different
               parameters, not to mention whole projects. What are the criteria that cause a
               component of a project to be judged satisfactory or unsatisfactory? For
               example what is good vegetative cover and how much is needed for a project


                                                   Apr 111-2








              to be considered a success or a failure requiring remediation? How is
              productivity estimated from cover, density and height measurements? And,
              if 18% of the Spartina alterniflora shoots are flowering, what can we infer? It
              appears that such criteria were supposed to be included as part of the Manual
              (Page 3, sentence #1), but the concept was only alluded to in the text by
              offering data on natural marshes in New England and New Hampshire.
              Falling short of providing such criteria, the aim of the Manual could be
              interpreted as setting up the framework for comparisons, with the actual
              criteria established separately for each project. The establishment of a
              statewide or regional database (for example the Acadian Province) with
              success criteria for several of the measures in this manual would be
              welcomed. For example, since plant height and density are inversely
              correlated, these data could be an important criteria for assessing success of
              the vegetation. Measures of height and density of plants could be placed on
              two axes of a graph to construct an envelope of height-density values in
              natural marshes for each species. The restored or created marsh data then
              could be plotted over time to show how and if the plant stands in the created
              marsh are approaching the envelope of natural marsh plant stands.


              The methods for assessment of sediment budgets were inadequate. In section
              2.4 of the Manual, it is suggested that the sources, frequency and quality of
              sediment be examined. The meaning of frequency is not explained. Also,
              observations assessing sediment accretion are called for on the data forms, but
              no practical methods of how these observations might be made are in the
              sampling protocols (Appendix A). In addition, no methods for the design or
              establishment of permanent photographic sites were discussed.


              In Appendix D, Diagnostics, the smothering of salt marsh vegetation by algae
              is included in the section on wrack. If the algae is dead, this and the
              corrective suggestions made are appropriate. If the algae is alive, the addition
              of fertilizer will only exacerbate the problem and should be avoided.


              Although we realize that some may have been inappropriate, many of the
              suggestions made in 1992 by Burdick were not incorporated into the report.
              For example, he requested that the section on animals (4.2.4) be made specific


                                                 APP 111-3







              for New Hampshire and       suggested:' that the section on fiddler crabs be
              removed, since there are no fiddler crabs in New Hampshire. In the new
              version, the section remained general for New England, but the fiddler crab
              paragraph was deleted, resulting in the section being too general and now
              with an information gap about the activities of fiddler crabs.


              The Manual needs to be revised and expanded to include 1) the above
              suggestions, 2) examples of assessments from two projects, and 3) assessment
              criteria. A set of as-built data forms and a set of as-built assessment forms
              should be filled out for the two most common types of projects: a hydrologic
              restoration project and a mitigation-creation project. The suggested revisions
              should be made to increase the value and utility of the Manual for those that
              assess marsh projects and resource and managers.

































                                              APP 111-4





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