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Shoreline Situation Report 0 3,5,2-5@ DRC ACCOMACK COUNTY, VIRGINIA Coastal Zone information Center 0 210 -1' I T r, -4 '"Tn'4* e.- WA mar -%Na, A7 AdAL WMAim- I % V 7 7'r %115E7 Ak@d-@ '7- i-K AW a IL IL IL Chesapeake Research Consortium Report Number 14 Supported by the National Science Foundation, Research Applied to Nationial Program C-1) Chesapeake Research Consortium, Incorporated NSF Grant Nos. GI 34869 and GI 38973 to the Wetlands/Edges Program, Chesapeake Research Consortium, Inc. The Johns Hopkins University Published With Funds Provided to the Commonwealth by the Office of Coastal Zone Management, University of Maryland National Oceanic and Atomspheric Administration, Grant No. 04-5-158-50001 Smithsonian Institution 112'-;,zia Institute of Marine Science Special Report In Applied Marine Science and Ocean .Engineering Number 80 of the QH 301 VIRGINIA INSTITUTE OF MARINE SCIENCE .V852 A no. 80 William J. Hargis Jr., Director Gloucester Point, Virginia 23062 1975 DRC Shoreline Situation @Report ACCOMACK COUNTY, VIRGINIA IN 1 Prepared by: Carl H. Hobbs Peter Rosen Margaret H. Peoples Gary L. Anderson U DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE NOAA Martha A. Patton COAS,TAL SERViCES CENTER William D. Athearn '(123d SOUIH h(j@,@c)N AvENUE SC 'n'405-2413 Project Supervisors: Robert J. Byrne John M. Zeigler Property of CSC Library Chesapeake Research Consortium Report Number 14 Supported by the National Science Foundation, Research Applied to Nationial Program Chesapeake Research Consortium, Incorporated NSF Grant Nos. GI 34869 and G1 38973 to the Wetlands/Edges Program, Chesapeake Research Consortium, Inc. The Johns Hopkins University Published With Funds Provided to the Commonwealth by the Office of Coasta]l Zone Management, University of Maryland National Oceanic and Atornspheric Administration, Grant No. 04-5-158-50001 Smithsonian Institution YZ--- Virginia Instititte of Mnrine Science Special Report In Applied Marine Science and Ocean Engineering Number 80 of the C1% VIRGINIA INSTITUTE OF MARINE SCIENCE 7@ William J. Hargis Jr., Director Gloucester Point, Virginia 23062 1975- TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS PAGE PAGE CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1 FIGURE 1: Shoreland components 5 1.1 Purposes and goals 2 FIGURE 2: Marsh types 5 1.2 Acknowledgements 2 FIGURE 3: Mason Beach on Hack Neck 15 FIGURE 4: East Point 15 FIGURE 5: Onancock Creek and the Town of Onancock 15 CHAPTER 2-. APPROACH USED AND ELEMENTS CONSIDERED 3 FIGURE 6: East Point 15 2.1 Approach to the problem 4 FIGURE 7: Chesconessex Creek 15 2.2 Characteristics of the shorelands included 4 FIGURE 8: Schooner Bay, near Factory Point 16 FIGURE 9: Deep Creek area 16 CHAPTER 3: PRESENT SHORELINE SITUATION OF ACCOMkCK COUNTY 9 FIGURE 10: Hunting Creek 16 3.1 The shorelands of Accomack County 10 FIGURE 11: East of Flag Point Landing 16 3.2 Shore erosion processes, patterns, and defenses 11 FIGURE 12: Fox Grove area 16 3.3 Potential shorelands uses 13 FIGURE 13: South end of Tangier Island 17 FIGURE 14: Western face of Tangier Island 17 FIGURE 15: Dredged harbor at Qainby 17 CHAPTER 4: SUMMARIES AND MAPS OF ACCOMACK COUNTY 25 FIGURE 16: Northern part of the Town of Wachapreague 17 4.1 Segment and subsegment summaries 27 FIGURE 17: Wachapreague waterfront 17 4.2 Segment and subsegment descriptions 35 FIGURE 18: Watts Bay 18 4.3 Seginent and subsegment maps 79 FIGURE 19: Captain Cove area 18 FIGURE 20: Dredged canal and filled marsh area 18 FIGURE 21: Chincoteague 18 FIGURE 22: Assateague Island 18 TABLE 1: Accomack County shorelands physiography 24 TABLE 2: Accomack County subsegment summary 28 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS (continued) PAGE PAGE MAPS 1A-E: Accomack County summary maps 19 MAPS 20A-C: Chincoteague Inlet area 134 MAPS 2A-C: Scarborough and Craddock Necks 80 MAPS 21A-C: Wallops Island 137 MAPS 3A-C: Nandua Creek 83 MAPS 22A-C: Assawoman Island - Hog Neck 140 MAPS 4A-C: @Hacks Neck - Parkers Island 86 MAPS 23A-C: Metomkin Inlet 143 MAPS 5A-C: Pungoteague Creek 89 MAPS 24A-C: Metomkin Bay 146 MAPS 6A-C: Onancock Creek 92 MAPS 25A-C: North Cedar Island - Custis Neck 149 MAPS 7A-C: Parkers Marsh - Big Marsh 95 MAPS 26A-C: Wachapreague area 152 MAPS 8A-C: Deep Creek Hunting Creek 98 MAPS 27A-C: Wachapreague Inlet 155 MAPS 9A-C: Webb Island Jobes Island 101 MAPS 28A-C: Upshur Neck - Upshur Bay 158 MAPS 1OA-C: Beasley Bay 104 MAPS 29A-C: Upshur Neck - Swash Bay 161 MAPS 11A-C: Michael Marsh 107 MAPS 30A-C: Upshur Neck - Sandy Island 164 MAPS 12A-C: Saxis Island area 110 MAPS 31A-C: South Upshur Neck 167 MAPS 13A-C: Sanford - Bullbeggar 113 MAPS 32A-C: Quinby Inlet 170 MAPS 14A-C: Pocomoke River 116 MAPS 33A-C: Parramore Island 173 MAPS 15A-C: Fox Islands 119 MAPS 34A-C: South Chincoteague Island 176 MAPS 16A-C: Tangier Island 122 MAPS 35A-C: North Chincoteague Island 179 MAPS 17A-C: South Point Marsh area 125 MAPS 36A-C: Assateague Island - Fishing Point 182 MAPS' 18A-C: Horntown - Greenbackville 128 MAPS 37A-C: Assateague Island - Assateague Bay 185 MAPS 19A-C: NASA 7 Wallops Station area 131 MAPS 38A-C: Assateague Island to state line 188 I a a a I I CHAPTER 1 2 Introduction I 0 5 I I I I I I I 1 1 11 CHAPTER 1 Recreation may be most useful at a higher governmental level. INTRODUCTION Transportation The Commonwealth of Virginia has traditionally Waste disposal chosen to place,as much as possible, the regula- 1.1 PURPOSES AND GOALS Extraction of living and non-living tory decision processes at the county level. The It is the objective of this report to supply resources Virginia Wetlands Act of 1972 (Chapter 2.1, Title an assessment, and at least a partial integration, Aside from the above uses, the shorelands serve 62.1, Code of Virginia), for example provides for of those important shoreland parameters and char- various ecological functions. the establishment of County Boards to act on ap- acteristics which will aid the planners and the The role of planners and managers is to optimize plications for alterations of wetlands. Thus, our managers of the shorelands in making the best de- the utilization of the shorelands and to minimize focus at the county level is intended to interface cisions for the utilization of this limited and the conflicts arising from competing demands. Fur- with and to support the existing or pending county very valuable resource. The report gives particu- thermore, once a particular use has been decided regulatory mechanisms concerning activities in the lar attention to the problem of shore erosion and upon for a given segment of shoreland, both the shorelands zone. to recommendations concerning the alleviation of planners and the users want that selected use to the impact of this problem. In addition we have operate in the most effective manner. A park 1.2 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS tried to include in our assessment some of the po- planner, for example, wants the allotted space to The Research Applied to National Needs (RANN) tential uses of the shoreline, particularly with fulfill the design most efficiently. We hope that Program of the National Science Foundation respect to recreational use, since such informa- the results of our work are useful to the planner through the auspices of the Chesapeake Research tion could be of considerable value in the way a in designing the beach by pointing out the techni- Consortium (CRC), Inc. funded the preparation of particular segment of coast is perceived by poten- cal feasibility of altering or enhancing the pres- this report. The National Oceanographic and tial users. ent configuration of the shore zone. Alternately, Atmospheric Administration, through the Coastal -The basic advocacy of the authors in the prep- if the use were a residential development, we would Zone Management Act, P.L. 92-583, Grant 04-5- aration-of the report is that the use of shore- hope our work would be useful in specify-ing the 158-50001, provided funds to the Commonwealth, lands should be planned rather than haphazardly shore erosion problem and by indicating defenses a portion of which were used for the publication developed in response to the short term pressures likely to succeed in containing the erosion. In of this document. Dennis Owen, Gaynor William and interests. Careful planning could reduce the summary our objective is to provide a useful tool David Byrd, and Edward Hogge assisted with data conflicts which may be expected to arise between for enlightened utilization of a limited resource, collection and reduction. Beth Marshall typed competing interests. Shoreland utilization in the shorelands of the Commonwealth. the manuscript. Ken Thornberry, Bill Jenkins, many areas of the country, and indeed in some Shorelands planning occurs, either formally or Russell Bradley, and Joseph Gilley prepared the places in Virginia, has proceeded in a manner such informally, at all levels from the private owner of photographs and cover. Numerous other persons that the very elements which attracted people to shoreland property to county gove=ents, to in Virginia and Maryland have contributed many the shore have been destroyed by the lack of planning districts and to the state and federal useful ideas and criticisms. All have our planning and forethought. agency level. We feel our results will be useful thanks. The major man-induced uses of the shorelands at all these levels. Since the most basic level of are: comprehensive planning and zoning is at the county Residential, commercial, or,industrial or city level, we have executed our report on that development. level although we realize some of the information 2 a I a a a I CHAPTER 2 'a Approach Used and Elements Considered I a I I 9 I B I I I 1 3 1 CHAPTER 2 the subsegment. Segments are a grouping of @ 1, .,q @se - be considered as being composed of three inter- APPROACH USED AND ELEMENTS CONSIDERED ments. The boundaries for segments also were se- acting physiographic elements: the fastlands, the lected on physiographic units such as necks or shore and the nearshore. A graphic classification 2.1 APPROACH TO THE PROBLEM peninsulas between major tidal creeks. Finally, based on these three elements has been devised In the preparation of this report the authors the county itself is considered as a sum of shore- so that the types for each of the three elements utilized existing information wherever possible. line segments. portrayed side by side on a map may provide the For example, for such elements as water quality The format of presentation in the report fol- opportunity to examine joint relationships among characteristics, zoning regulations, or flood haz- lows a sequence from general summary statements for the elements. As an example, the application of ard, we reviewed relevant reports by local, state, the county (Chapter 3) to tabular segment s umm aries the system permits the user to determine miles of or federal agencies. Much of the desired informa- and finally detailed descriptions and maps for each high bluff shoreland interfacing with marsh in tion, particularly with respect to erosional char- subsegment (Chapter 4). The purpose in choosing the shore zone. this format was to allow selective use of the report Definitions: acteristics, shoreland types, and use was not available, so we performed the field work and de- since some users' needs will adequately be met with Shore Zone veloped classification schemes. In order to ana- the summary overview of the county while others will This is the zone of beaches and marshes. It lyze successfully the shoreline behavior we placed require the detailed discussion of particular sub- is a buffer zone between the water body and the heavy reliance on low altitude, oblique, color, 35 segments. fastland. The seaward limit of the shore zone is mm photography. We photographed the entire shore- the break in slope between the relatively steeper line of each county and cataloged the slides for 2.2 CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SHORELANDS INCLUDED IN shoreface and the less steep nearshore zone. The easy access at VIMS, where they remain available THE STUDY approximate landward limit is a contour line rep- for use. We then analyzed these photographic ma- The characteristics which are included in this resenting one and a half times the mean tide range terials, along with existing conventional aerial report are listed below followed by a discussion of above mean low water (refer to Figure 1 In photography and topographic and hydrographic maps, our treatment of each. operation with topographic maps the inner fringe for the desired elements. We conducted field in- a) Shorelands physiographic classification of the marsh symbols is taken as the landward spection over much of the shoreline, particularly b) Shorelands use classification limit. at those locations where office analysis left c) Shorelands ownership classification The physiographic character of the marshes has questions unresolved. In some cases we took addi- d) Zoning also been separated into three types (see Figure tional photographs along with the field visits to e) Water quality 2). Fringe marsh is that which is less than 400 document the effectiveness of shoreline defenses. f) Shore erosion and shoreline defenses feet in width and which runs in a band parallel The basic shoreline unit considered is called a g) Potential shore uses to the shore. Extensive marsh is that which has subsegment, which may range from a few hundred feet h) Distribution of marshes extensive acreage projecting into an estuary or to several thousand feet in length. The end i) Flood hazard levels river. An embayed marsh is a marsh which occupies points of the subsegments were generally chosen on j) Shellfish leases and public shellfish grounds a reentrant or drowned creek valley. The purpose physiographic consideration such as changes in the k) Beach quality in delineating these marsh types is that the ef- character of erosion or deposition. In those cases fectiveness of the various functions of the marsh where a radical change in land use occurred, the a) Shorelands Physiographic Classification: will, in part, be determined by type of exposure point of change was taken as a boundary point of The shorelands of the Chesapeake Bay System may to the estuarine system. A fringe marsh may, for 4 example, have maximum value as a buffer to-wave Nearshore Zone Intermediate, 12-ft. (3-7 m) isobath 400- erosion of the fastland. An extensive marsh, on The nearshore zone extends from the shore zone 1,400 yards from shore the other hand is likely a more efficient trans- to the 12-foot (MLW datum) contour. In the smaller Wide, 12-ft. (3-7 m) isobath >1,400 yards porter of detritus and other food chain materials tidal rivers the 6-foot depth is taken as the ref- Subclasses: with or without bars due to its greater drainage density than an embayea erence depth. The 12-foot depth is probably the with or without tidal flats marsh. The central point is that planners, in the maximum depth of significant sand transport by with or without submerged light of ongoing and future research, will desire waves in the Chesapeake Bay area. Also, the dis- vegetation to weight various functions of marshes and the tinct drop-off into the river channels begins physiographic delineation aids their decision roughly at the 12-foot depth. The,nearshore zone making by denoting where the various types exist. includes any tidal flats. The classification used is: The class limits for the nearshore zone classi- Beach fications were chosen following a simple statisti- Marsh cal study. The distance to the 12-foot underwater Fringe marsh, <400 ft. (122 m) in width contour (isobath) was measured on the appropriate Figure 1 along shores charts at one-mile intervals along the shorelines Extensive marsh of Chesapeake Bay and the James, York, Rappahannock, -*-FASTLANO_,1.SHOR NEARSHORE Embayed marsh, occupying a drowned valley or and Potomac Rivers. Means and standard deviations reentrant for each of the separate regions and for the entire e Range Artificially stabilized combined system were calculated and compared. Al- Fastland Zone though the distributions were non-normal, they were 12, The zone extending from the landward limit of generally comparable, allowing the data for the en- the shore zone is termed the fastland. The fast- tire combined system to determine the class limits. An illustration of the definition of the three components of the shorelands. land is relatively stable and is the site of most The calculated mean was 919 yards with a stan- material development or construction. The physio- dard deviation of 1,003 yards. As our aim was to graphic classification of the fastiand is based upon determine general, serviceable class limits, these Figure 2 the slope of the land near the water as follows: calculated numbers were rounded to 900 and 1,000 Low shore, 20-ft. (6 m) contour >400 ft. (122 m) yards respectively. The class limits were set at FRINGE EMBAYED EXTENSIVE MARSH MARSH MARSH from fastland -shore boundary half the standard deviation (500 yards) each side Moderately low shore, 20-ft. (6 m) contour of the mean. Using this procedure a narrow near- <400 ft. (122 m); with or without cliff shore zone is one 0-400 yards in width, intermedi- Moderately high shore, 40-ft. (12 m) contour ate 400-1,400, and wide greater than 1,400. <400 ft. (122 m); with or without cliff The following definitions have no legal signif- FASTLAND FASTLAND High shore, 60-ft. (18 m) contour <400 ft. icance and were constructed for our classification (122 m); with or without cliff purposes: Dune Narrow, 12-ft. (3-7 m) isobath located <400 A generalized illustration of the three different marsh types& Artificial fill, urban and otherwise yards from shore 5 b) Shorelands Use Classification environmental reasons, such as wildlife or wild- c) Shorelands Ownership Classification Fastland Zone fowl sanctuaries, fish and shellfish conservation U The shorelands ownership classification used Residential grounds, or other uses that would preclude devel- has two main subdivisions, private and gove = en- Includes all forms of residential use with opment. tal, with the governmental further divided into the exception of farms and other isolated dwel- federal, state, county, and town or city. Appli- lings. In general, a residential area consists Agricultural cation of the classification is restricted to fast- of four or more residential buildings adjacent to Includes fieldsq pastures@ croplands, and lands alone since the Virginia fastlands ownership one another. Schools, churches, and isolated other agricultural areas. extends to mean low water. All bottoms below mean businesses may be included in a residential area. Unmanaged low water are in State ownership. Commercial Includes all open or wooded lands not in- d) Water Quality Includes buildings, parking areas, and other cluded in other classifications: The ratings of satisfactory, intermediate or land directly related to retail and wholesale a) Open: brush land, dune areas, wastelands; unsatisfactory assigned to the various subsegments trade and business. This category includes small less than 40% tree cover. are taken from a listing at the Virginia Bureau of industry and other anomalous areas within the gen- b) Wooded: more than 40% tree cover. Shellfish Sanitation, based on information from eral commercial context. Marinas are'considered The shoreland use classification applies to water samples collected in the various tidewater commercial shore use. the general usage of the fastland area'to an ar- shellfishing areas. The Bureau attempts to visit bitrary distance of half mile from the shore or each area at least once a month. Industrial beach zone or to some less distant, logical bar- The ratings are de fined primarily in regard to Includes all industrial and associated areas. rier. In multi-usage areas one must make a sub- number of coliform bacteria. For a rating of sat- Examples: warehouses, refineries, shipyards, jective selection as to the primary or controlling isfactory the maximum limit is an = (Most Prob- power plants, railyards. type of usage. able Number) of 70 per 100 ml. The upper limit for fecal coliforms is an MPN of 23. Usually any count Goverment Shore Zone above these limits results in an unsatisfactory Includes lands whose usage is specifically Bathing rating, and, from the Bureau's standpoint, results controlled, restricted, or regulated by governmen- Boat launching in restricting the waters from the taking of shell- tal organizations: e.g., Camp Peary, Fort Story. Bird watching fish for direct sale to the consumer. Waterfowl hunting There are instances however, when the total Recreation and Other Public Open Spaces coliform MPN may exceed 70, although the fecal MPN Includes designated outdoor recreation lands Nearshore Zone does not exceed 23, and other conditions are ac- and miscellaneous open spaces. Examples: golf Pound net fishing ceptable. In these cases an intermediate rating courses, tennis clubs, amusement parks, public, Shellfishing may be assigned temporarily, and the area will be beaches, race tracks, cemeteries, parks. Sport fishing permitted to remain open pending an improvement Extraction of non-living resources in conditions. Preserved Boating Although these limits are somewhat more strin- Includes lands preserved or regulated for Water sports gent than those used in rating recreational waters 6 (see Virginia State Water Control Board, Water tive visits were made to monitor the effective- Interim Report by Marvin L. Wass and Thomas D. Quality Standards 1946, amended 1970), they are ness of recent installations. In instances where Wright, SRAMSOE Report No. 10, Virginia Institute used here because the Bureau of Shellfish existing structures are inadequate, we have given of Marine Science, 1969, and in other VIMS publi- Sanitation provides the best areawide coverage recommendations for alternate approaches. Par- cations. available at this time. In general, any waters thermore, recommendations are given for defenses fitting the satisfactory or intermediate cate- in those areas where none currently exist. The i) Flood Hazard Levels gories would be acceptable for water recreation. primary emphasis is placed on expected effective- The assessment of tidal flooding hazard for the ness with secondary consideration to cost. whole of the Virginia tidal shoreland is still e) Zoning incomplete. However, the United States Army Corps In cases where zoning regulations have been g) Potential Shore Uses of Engineers has prepared reports for a number of established the existing information pertaining We placed particular attention in our study localities which were used in this report. Two to the shorelands has been included in the report. on evaluating the recreational potential of the tidal flood levels are customarily used to portray shore zone. We included this factor in the con- the hazard. The Intermediate Regional Flood is f) Shore Erosion and Shoreline Defenses ideration of shoreline defenses for areas of high that flood with an average recurrence time of The following ratings are used for shore recreational potential. Furthermoreq we gave con- about 100 years. An an@Llysis of past tidal floods erosion: sideration to the development of artificial indicates it to have an elevation of approximately slight or none - less than 1 foot per year beaches if this meth od were technically feasible 8 feet above mean water level in the Chesapeake moderate - - - - 1 to 3 feet per year at a particular site. Bay area. The Standard Project Flood level is es- severe - - - - - greater than 3 feet per year tablished for land planning purposes which is 2he locations with moderate and severe ratings h) Distribution of Marshes placed at the highest probable flood level. are further specified as being critical or non- The acreage and physiographic type of the critical. The erosion is considered critical if marshes in each subsegment is listed. These esti- j) Shellfish leases and Public Grounds buildings, roads, or other such structures are mates of acreages were obtained from topographic The data in this report show the leased and endangered. maps and should be considered only as approxima- public shellfish grounds as portrayed in the Vir- The degree of erosion was determined by several tions. Detailed county inventories of the wetlands ginia State Water Control Board publication means. In most locations the long term trend was are being conducted by the Virginia Institute of "Shellfish growing areas in the Commonwealth of determined using map comparisons of shoreline Marine Science under the authorization of the Virginia: Public, leased and condemned," November positions between the 1850's and the 1940's. In Virginia Wetlands Act of 1972 (Code of Virginia 1971, and as periodically updated in other similar addition, aerial photographs of the late 1930's 62.1-13.4). These surveys include detailed acre- reports. Since the condemnation areas change with and recent years were utilized for an assessment ages of the grass species composition within indi- time they are not to be taken as definitive. How- of more recent conditions. Finally, in those vidual marsh systems. The material in this report ever, some insight to the conditions at the date areas experiencing severe erosion field inspec- is provided to indicate the physiographic types of of the report are available by a comparison be- tions and interviews were held with local inhabit- marshes and to serve as a rough guide on acreages tween the shellfish grounds maps and the water ants. until detailed surveys are completed. Addi- quality maps for which water quality standards The existing shoreline defenses were evaluated tional information of the wetlands characteristics for shellfish were used. as to their effectiveness. In some case repeti- may be found in Coastal Wetlands of Virginia: 7 k) Beach Quality Beach quality is a subjective judgment based upon considerations such as the nature of the beach material, the length and width of the beach area, and the general aesthetic appeal of the beach setting. 8 I I a 0 I I CHAPTER 3 9 Present Shorelands Situation I 11 a I I I I o I B 1 9 1 CHAPTER 3 the entire Commonwealth. The two counties have the county total. With the exception of one PRESENT SHOREMS SITUATION approximately 15% of the total tidal shoreline small area near Parkers Marsh (Segment 8A), all within the Virginia - Chesapeake Bay system and the dunes are associated with the barrier islands. 3.1 NATURE OF THE ',@96RELANDS; PHYSIOGRAPHY, LAND about 70% of the Commonwealth's oceanfront shore- The remainder of the fastland consists of very USE, AND OWNERSHIP line. South of Wallops Island, the barrier is- small portions of the five other categories. Accomack-and Northampton Counties, which com- lands are in a natural state. This island chain The distribution of the five shore categories prise the Eastern Shore of Virginia, form a low is the only remaining undeveloped barrier island reflects the great marsh areas of the county. lying peninsula paralleled on the east by a marsh- chain between Cape Cod and Cape Hatteras, and as Over seventy-nine percent of the shore is marsh, bay-barrier island complex. The western, or bay- such, it must be considered a unique resource by primarily extensive marsh 51.7%, and fringe marsh side shore is incised by many tidal creeks, and, the Commonwealth. Together, the two counties 23.4%. Beaches comprise approximately ninety- in Accomack County, is fronted by an extensive possess a large portion of the beach-shoreline of four miles (19.1%) of the shoreline. The beaclies marsh system. Thus the area has several distinct the state. The peninsula also possesses approxi- are mostly associated with the dunes along the and separate shorelines which must be considered mately 47% of the state's 177,000 acres of salt barrier island's Atlantic shoreline. Only one and both individually and together in terms of plan- marsh. The marsh acreage distribution within the a half percent of the county's shoreline is clas- ning and managing. Also, as they are so often Eastern Shore is: sified as artificially stabilized. Along the grouped together, it is important to note and bayside, most of the nearshore is quite wide or compare the physiographic differences between the Bayside Oceanside Total occasionally intermediate 'in width. The ocean two counties. The greatest contrast is on the Accomack 15,460 40,627 56,087 side is generally narrow. Chesapeake Bay shoreline. Northampton 2,246 25,808 28,054 Fastland use is more evenly distributed than The bayside shorelands of Accomack County, for Total 17,706 66,435 84,141 the physiography: thirty-seven percent unmanaged, the most part, are low lying fastlands behind an (These numbers are estimates pending the formal twenty-seven percent agricultural, and fourteen extensive marsh system which is incised by tidal wetlands inventories.) percent residential. Much of the barrier island creeks. In Northampton County, on the other hand, is preserved, at present under the management of much of the fastland is low or moderate bluffs, Marshes are a most important marine resource. the Nature Conservancy. The small remaining composed of loosely consolidated sediments. The They serve as a habitat for waterfowl and consti- areas are commercial, recreational, and govern- shore is incised by major tidal creeks which form tute a vital link in the marine food chain. The mental, with the majority of the governmental large sub-peninsulas or necks. This contrast is Virginia Wetlands Act of 1972 (Chapter 2.1, Title area being the N.A.S.A. facility around Wallops strikingly borne out by a comparison of the salt 62.1, Code of Virginia) was passed to establish a Island. Ownership is primarily private. At the marsh acreages of the Chesapeake Bay side of the mechanism to preserve this important marine re- time of data compilation, ownership of the barrier peninsula: Accomack 15,500 acres, Northampton source. islands was in question. Recently, however, a 2,250 acres. This basic physiographic difference Of the over 480 miles of shoreland in Accomack, private conservation organization, The Nature is a major factor in planning for present and over 400 miles (86% of the shorelands) are clas- Conservancy, has obtained control of some of this future recreational utilization, residential de- sified as low shore. The next most significant land. State and county landholding are very velopment, and shoreline erosion control. category is dunes, with an extent of fifty-seven minor. It is also important to compare the major as- and a half miles, or just under twelve percent of Table 1, "Summary of Accomack County Shorelands pects of Eastern Shore physiography with that of 10 Physiography, Fastland Use and Ownership" is a generate wave activity, but the destructive wave the waves break on the shoreline at an angle of numerical summary of the various classifications. action is greater with the northerly winds. 45 degrees. Consider a hypothetical case of a As will be discussed in Section 3.3, the very The winds of northeast storms during the fall, shoreline several miles in length where the fast- low nature of much of the shorelands precludes winter, and early spring generate waves- which land is a bluff composed of a mixture of strati- many possible land uses and limits the number of attack the western shore of the Bay. These storms fied gravel, sand, silt, and clay, a situation alternatives. have an additional, indirect effect on the Bay which is typical of much of Northampton's Bay system's erosion patterns. The accompanying winds shoreline. Under wave attack, particularly if 3.2 SHORE EROSION PROCESSES AND PATTERNS and low barometric pressure along the ocean coast- the water level is high due to the tide or storm Of Accomack County's three shorelines, only line force additional water into the Bay. Fre- surge, the cliff itself may be undercut, causing the eastern edge of the peninsula, protected by quently, this local "wind tide" or storm surge may face material to slump to the base% Continued the barrier islands and vast marshes, is rela- be two or three feet above the normal tide level. wave action on the slumped material would winnow tively free of erosion. The barrier islands and For example, the severe northeast storm of March, away the silts and clays, leaving the sand and portions of the Chesapeake Bay shore do have 1962 caused water elevations in Norfolk Harbor to gravel to form a beach. Some of the sand and erosion problems. As the erosion characteristics reach an elevation of 7.4 feet above mean sea gravel will be transported along the beach (lit- of the Chesapeake Bay shores and ocean shores level. This elevation was approximately 6 feet toral drift). The beach itself acts as a buffer differ, they will be discussed separately. higher than the average spring tide. When this to wave energy as the waves break and ran up and occurs, the wave-driven erosional action is con- back down the sloping foreshore. If there is 3.21 The Chesapeake Bay Shore. Before going into a description of the erosion characteristics, it centrated higher on the fastland above the beach, sufficient sand drifting along the shore zone is worthwhile to discuss the processes causing which normally acts as a buffer. from the updrift segment of the coast, the beach erosion and deposition. After a storm passes, the winds frequently at any given site may remain full enough to Processes. Waves generated by local wind shift to the northwest and north. When this occurs, cushion the effects of a particular storm. I-f, action are the dominant agent of erosion within the eastern shore o� the Bay is exposed to great however, the sand supply updrift is stopped for the Chesapeake Bay and its tributary estuaries wave action. The intense northwest winds pile up one reason or another, the buffer effect is reduced (e..E. The James River). The growth and height of water on the western side of the peninsula, re- and erosion will ensue. the waves is controlled by four factors: the over sulting again in the wave activity being concen- Much of the sand moving along the Virginia urated above the usual beach level. These effects coastline is ultimately deposited as spits or water distance across which the wind blows, known as the fetch; the speed of the wind; the duration of storms are, of course, further heightened if bars in front of lesser tributary creeks, where of the wind; and the depth of the water. they occur in conjunction with the higher spring it may contribute to the choking off of the Due to the weather patterns affecting the tides during the lunar month. entrance channel. Chesapeake Bay area, peak winds occur during In addition to the height of the waves, the The erosional behavior of any particular seg- frontal passages and storms. In Accomack County, direction at which they impinge upon the shore ment of shoreline may be expected to vary from the most severe erosion occurs during the times controls the magnitude of transport along the year to year, depending upon the frequency and of northwest and north winds associated with the shoreline, a factor which is central to the ques- the intensity of storms. Furthermore, similar passage of fronts. To a lesser extent (The south- tion of shoreline stability. In theory, the trans- variability may also arise from differences in west and south), summer regional winds also port of material along the beach is greatest when average mean sea level elevations. The long-term 11 (decades) trend is for a relative rise in gea miles long, excluding tidal creeks) is 2.2 feet particularly important to consider what happens level. In the lower Chesapeake Bay, the trend is per year. This average rate dips to 1.6 feet per during c6astal storms. about 0.01 feet per year. However, yearly varia- year for marsh margins and rises to almost 3 feet Along the Virginia coastline the most damaging tions of 0.15 feet per year are not uncommon. per year for shorelines of permeable sand beaches storms are the "northeast ers " and the occasional Although these differences are small, they can be (Peter Rosen, VIMS dissertation, in preparation). hurricanes. Aside from the intense wave action, significant in terms of horizontal distances Some of the spe cific erosion sites are Powells there is generally a one to three foot storm surge. across a gently sloping shore. The long-term Bluff.- 6 feet per year, Scarboro Neck - 5 feet The surge has two important effects. The erosive trend has dramatic consequences. per year, and Saxis Island - 4.8 feet per year. power of the waves is translated further up onto The role played by beaches in the physical The western face of Tangier Island is a special the island, allowing the high waves to wash back- processes of the coastline merits reiteration: problem where marsh face erosion rates are 18 to shore dune sand into the ocean and to smear sand beaches are natural land forms which serve to ab- 20 feet per year. Tangier Island represents the over the marsh surface. The sand washed over the sorb incident wave energy, thereby inhibiting most critical erosion in the county and requires marsh raises the ground elevation. In time, the erosion of the fastland. The details of the con- immediate attention. highly productive marsh grass is replaced by figuration of any given beach may change hour by As is shown in the tables and summaries, there other species, and the sand in the washovers is hour or day by day as the accumulation of sand are few shore protective structures in the county. temporarily lost from the active beach littoral adjusts to changing conditions. By and large, With a few exceptions, this indicates the generally transport system. The washovers can also affect the natural maintenance of beaches along Virginia's noncritical nature of the shoreline erosion. The the circulation within the marshes and bays by Chesapeake Bay system shoreline is attained at most often stated "Suggested Action" in Table 2 is filling some of the tidal channels and forcing a the expense of erosion of the fastlands. For any the repair or modification of the existing struc- redistribution of flow. The surge and high waves particular segment of shoreline, the beach sand tures. may also breach the islands, possibly causing new is derived from erosion of the fastland at that 3.22 Ocean Shoreline. The ocean shoreline of inlets to form. This action is strikingly exem- site or from erosion at an updrift site. Accomack County is characterized by a series of plified by the numerous breaches in the southern Erosion of Bayside Shores. In general, the part of Metomkin Island. erosion of Accomack's Bayside sh .ore.is less than six barrier islands. The inlets which separate These processes are natural responses of the the islands flush the interior marsh and lagoon that of most of the counties having Bay margins. complexes. With the exception of Parramore Island, barrier islands. As the shoreface retreats, for- This is attributable to the extremely broad near- mer marsh deposits are excavated, and the wash- the islands are simple, low lying, marsh segments shore zone, the sheltering of the subaqueous plat- with backshore dunes and an oceanside veneer of over deposits and wind-shaped dunes supply sand form west of Tangier Sound, and the great extent sand. As the littoral drift is relatively small, to the beach. The physiographic components one of the marsh areas. The marshes, although some- the situation is one of pronounced erosion. How--@ finds on the islands today (beach, dunes, and what more resistant to erosion than sandy bluffs, ever, local dynamics related to Wachapreague Inlet washovers) existed a century ago, even though the do not have a substantial sand content. As a cause accretion on the northern end of Parramore entire- ensemble is retreating. An island by is- result, marshes, when eroded, generally do not Island. land analysis follows: leave a residual sand supply for the formation of It is essential to understand the processes of Assateague Island - The lower half of Assateague protective frontal beaches. has been relatively stable during the time period Excluding Tangier Island, the average erosion oceanside erosion before discussing erosion rates with the exception of the pronounced growth of rate.of the Bay shoreline (approximately fifty. or potential utilization of the islands. It is 12 Fishing Point. The Corps of Engineers (unpub- Cedar Island - The island experienced dramatic of bulkheads with groins- would likely be the most lished manuscript) estimates sand is being trapped recession until 1910. Between 1910 and 1962 the successful 'approach. Costs for this action would in this area at a rate of about 500,000 cubic recession rate was less severe. From 1850 to 1962, approach one million dollars per statute mile and yards per year. Thus, the growth of Fishing Point Cedar Island lost an average of about 14 feet per expensive periodic maintenance would be required. represents a loss of sand supply to the islands to year. The installation of a uniform dune line would the south. Fishing Point did not exist in 1850. Parramore Island - The erosion pattern of this inhibit the overwashing and the breaching of the Wallops Island - The southern half of Wallops island is characterized by accretion on the north islands. However, the trade-offs in such an Island has been stabilized by the installation of end of the island accompanied by dramatic erosion approach must be fully realized. The washover bulkheading and groins. Prior to these installa- on the southern end. This pattern is associated process carries sand to the back side of the is- tions the erosion rate was about 7 feet per year. with the behavior of the deep, tidal inlets lands, and it is through this mechanism that the Assawoman Island - Comparison of shoreline flanking the island and with the refraction of island is maintained. Since the installation and positions between 1852 and 1962 indicates a long- incoming waves. These waves tend to trap by- maintenance of a dune line inhibits washovers but term erosion rate of about 15 feet per year. The passing sand on the northern ends of the islands. does not, in itself, stop foreshore erosion, the Ash Wednesday storm of 1962 caused the formation The northern end of Parramore has accreted at a long-term trend would be a reduction in island of two new inlets into Kegotank Bay. These have rate of about 8 feet per year (1850 to 1962), width. since refilled and mended. while the southern t .wo-thirds of the island has 3.23 Interior Oceanside Shoreline. The shoreline Metomkin Island - The island has experienced retreated at about 16 feet per year during the on the western fringe of the barrier island-marsh- a rather uniform long-term recession rate of about same period. lagoon complex is, to a large extent, protected 17 feet per year. During the mid-1950's a new The magnitude of erosion in any given year, of by fringe or extensive marshes and, therefore, is shallow inlet was formed into Metomkin Bay and course, is controlled by the frequencies and char- relatively stable. In those areas without frontal during the 1962 storm several other-breaches oc- acteristics of the storms during that year. Two marsh, the rate of erosion is generally very curred. These breakthroughs have not healed, and over-riding facts must be borne in mind when con- slight due to the limited fetch and shallowness at the present, the island is badly dissected. sidering the barrier island erosion problem: of the adjacent bays. The first breakthrough resulted in the loss 1) Mean sea level is rising. of approximately 200 acres of productive tidal 2) The barrier islands are not receiving a 3.3 POTENTIAL SHORE USES AND UNIQUE FEATURES flat bottom through. the formation of sand deltas large supply of sand from the north to feed As a broad generality, the potential for on the inner side of the new inlets. By 1967, the predominantly southerly littoral drift. significantly altered shoreland uses in Accomack this loss increased to about 500 acres. The The consequence of these facts is an eroding shore- County is quite low. On the Chesapeake Bay side, situation is now critical, as there is little line. the vast areas of low marshes come between the lik There have been no*significant attempts at fastland and the open waters of the Bay. The toral drift. The ebb channels feeding the new shoreline stabilization of the barrier islands. marshes do serve to protect the shore from high inlets have now become deep enough to maintain a Any suggestions of effective shoreline stabiliza- waters and storm, but they severely limit direct scouring action and the ebb flow which was keeping tion procedures must be predicated with particular access to the water. Perhaps the bayside areas Metomkin Inlet flushed is now being diverted. management goals in mind. If the goal was to with the greatest potential for recreational or Metomkin Inlet may eventually be closed entirely. check further shoreline retreat, the installation residential development are the lands bordering 13 the larger creeks: Occohannock, Nandua, Pungo- to the ocean via the Intercoastal Waterway, the teague, Onancock Creeks and the like. These interior shore offers considerable potential for creeks penetrate the upland, are easily access recreational development. from the fastland and can serve as marine highways A major factor in the development potential of to the Bay. The fastlands bordering these creeks Accomack County is the spectre of economically probably could tolerate a moderately increased significant petroleum reservoirs on the Outer population of either residential or vacation Continental Shelf of the Virginia Sea. It is quite homes. Any development, however, should be possible that the Eastern Shore might be considered planned and managed so as to hold any waste dis- as a site of the initial onshore facilities. If charge to a bare minimum. Otherwise, the very the petroleum should be piped onshore from off- valuable shellfish areas might be lost as a viable shore distribution points, the major tidal inlets, economic resource. Similarly, any expanded boating e.Z., Wachapreague Inlet, have a potential as facilities should be planned and controlled so as natural pipeline corridors. Obviously, if this not to harm the water quality. should happen, the county would have to be prepared The Atlantic side of the Eastern Shore also to manage the increase, however great or small, in offers a potential for recreational development. industry and population, and in the concomitant The barrier islands are not suitable for develop- potential for environmental damage. ment. In conjunction with already mentioned dra- matic erosion rates, any developed areas on the islands would be exposed to the real and frequent danger of very high storm and hurricane tides. Indeed, several of the islands show clear evidence of numerous storm washovers. The inner or peninsula shore on the oceanside of the county does not have the great danger of erosion but does have the problem of storm tides. Near the land-marsh interface, the fastland is quite low and is subject to storm flooding. The Corps of Engineers Flood Plain Report for Wacha- preague (Norfolk District, March 1971) indicates that areas near Wachapreague lower than nine feet MSL can expect to be innundated on the order of every several decades. Aside from this one detri- ment, however, the area might well support an in- creased population. With relatively easy access 14 *7 -Vol ilk EF 'At !7b Or it W7 JL. A#P, Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 3: Mason Beach on Hack Neck. One of Acco- mack County is few open beaches on Chesapeake Bay. Figure 4- East Point, showing one of several in- effective groin fields along the county's western shore. Groins are effective shore protection structures only if there is a sufficient volume of sand in the littoral system. There is no major updrift source along this section of shoreline. 41 --- --- Figure 5: Onancock Creek and the town of Onancock (Segment 7). Natural tidal streams, such as Onan- cock Creek, have the greatest use and greatest use potential of the county's lands near the Bay. The area is far enough from the Bay to be relatively _a4 free of storm damage, yet it offers good access t'o the water. --A Figure 6: East Point on Onancock Creek. Although the groins shown in the aerial photograph appear A to be trapping some sand, their offset from the shore indicates that they have not been totally effective in stopping erosion. V- Figure 7: An aerial photograph of a commercially used portion of Chesconessex Creek. Figure 6 Figure 7 15 4r*@& W& -_row" Tin AC- -@-@ @7 Figure 8 Figure 9 Figure 10 Figure 8: Schooner Bay, near Factory Point. These filled marsh areas and dredged, dead-end canals are environmentally unsound and are now restricted by state and federal legislation. Figure 9:. The Deep Creek area (segment 9) is a developed area on a tidal stream similar to that shown in Figure Figure 10: Hunting Creek near the Real- Point boat ramp (Subsegment 10A) is another of the Chesapeake Bay's tidal tributaries. Unlike the areas shown . . .... in previous photographs, the use potential here is low. The stream does not penetrate the higher _7 fastlands and the low lying areas are highly sus- 4@a ceptible to flooding. loom V Figure 11: -East of Flag Point Landing (Subseg- men t 11B), one of the few areas of severe erosion on the western shore of the county. Carefully planned and coordinated shore protection efforts would be more successful and pleasing then the hastily constructed stopgap measures often em- ployed in the area. Figure Figure 12: The dredged canals and spoil area of Figure 12 the Fox Grove area (Segment 16). 16 Figure 13: This large recurved spit on the south end of Tangier Island is the final depository for much of the sediment transported along and eroded from the island's western face. Figure 14: The western face of Tangier Island has a very severe ero6ion problem. Average long term erosion rates are over 15 feet per year. Since this photograph was taken in December, 1972, the shoreline has retreated to the runway pavement. A Figure 15: The dredged harbor at Quinby in the southeastern portion of the county. The ocean- A@' s ide interior shoreline of Accomack County has a JIM very high development potential with its several good harbors and easy access to the ocean. Figure 16: The northern part of the town of Wach- 'kit apreague and the wide, deep channel which provides ready access along the shore and to the ocean. Figure 17: The Wachapreague waterfront. Figure 13 Figure 14 4W WA_ VA Figure 15 Figure 16 Figure 17 17 Figu. re 18: The low tide waterfront at the end of Route 766 at Watts Bay (Segment 17). Figure 19: A gabion bulkhead behind the marsh in the CaptaIns Cove area of Segment 18. The type and location of the structure is frequently recommended ftw because of its low cost and relative lack of en- IC vironmental degradation. Figure 20: A dredged canal and filled marsh area in northern Accomack County. The development has been A forced to modify its original designs in order to decrease and rectify environmental damage. The lack of good circulation in the canals can result in significant water quality problems. Figure 21: An aerial view of Chincoteague, one of Virginia's more widely known vacation areas.. Its easy access to deep water and proximity to ocean beaches make it a popular summer haven. Figure 18 Figure 19 Figure 22: An aerial overview of Assateague Island, an undeveloped National Seashore. F, 0io AC& 77 4& 'IRV M Figure 20 Figure 21 Figure 22 18 am 75-\ 4W 75*\W MAP 1A ACCOMACK COUNTY SEGMENT LOCATION MAP 20A SCALE Of MIL 3 2 E 3 4 19 IL %1. 209 12 B Segment Boundary Subsegment Boundary 19 19A 0 17 OCHINCOTEA E NASA' WALL 20C TATION 19 00 TANCIER AREA 20D 12A 118 IT IIA t0l) loc loc is 370 108 45' 12C 10A 16 It IGA or 8B ACCOMAC 8A 15 ONANCOCK 3r 61B 45' 6A 15 21 WACHAPRE 14 3 2c do 30. 28 14 2A 13 I OCCOHANNOCK CREEK 11A MICHAEL MARSH 2A SCARBOROUGH NECK IIB FREESCHOOL MARSH 14 2B CRADDOCK CREEK IIC JOLLEYS NECK 2C HYSLOP MARSH 12A TANGIER ISLAND 3 NANDUA CREEK 12B SMITH ISLAND 370 4 HACKS NECK 12C WATTS AND FOX ISLANDS 20D FISHING POINT 5 -P-UNGOTEAGUE CREEK 13 MACHI-PONGO RIVER 20E ASSATEAGUE ISLAND, OCEAN SIDE 6A SLUITKILL NEC K 14 QUINBY 21 BARRIER ISLANDS 6B BROADWAY NECK 15 BURTONS BAY 7 ONANCOCK CREEK 16 GARGATHY 8A PARKERS MARSH 17 POWELLS BAY 8B CHESCONESSEX CREEK 18 CHINCOTEAGUE BAY 8C BIG MARSH 19A CHINCOTEAGUE ISLAND 9 DEEP CREEK 19B WILDCAT MARSH 10A WEBB ISLAND 19C MORRIS ISLAND IOB PARKSLEY 20A CALFPEN BAY IOC GUILFORD CREEK 20B ASSATEAGUE BAY L 19D BYRDS MARSH 20C BLACK DUCK DUCK MARSH ?5*\ 45' T5- 30' INTRACUSTAL VATERWW MAP 1B ACCOMACK COUNTY 19B 00. A OA SHORELANDS TYPES SCALE IN MILES 19 0 1 2 3 4 20 t *1 W 20E IN, 128 0 AE ASA LLO 20C TATIO TANGIER AREA 20D 12A /Ila IT IIA f'. 10D- 21 jr 10C 0C 37* 16 44i@ t0a 12C 10A 16 9 OA a ACCOMAC ONANCOCK j, 3r as 45' GA 15 0 Ilk .04 W WACHAPRE 14 t 3T. 2C 30, S 14 2A FASTLAND 14 21 Low Shore Low Shore 37* with Bluff SHORE Moderately Low Shore Beach Moderately LOW Shore Fringe Marsh 1`11111111111111111111111 with Bluff Extensive Marsh A A A A Moderately High Shore Embayed Marsh =?W@ Moderately High ShoreAA A A Artificially Stabilized -A- with Bluff NEARSHORE High Shore Narrow 0-0-0-0 High Shore Intermediate 0 0 0 0 with Bluff Wide 0 0 9 Dune Artificial Fill 75'\ 41V 75@\W MAP 1C WMACOASUL VMTERYM ACCOMACK COUNTY '9a -LC ZOA FASTLAND USE, OWNERSHIP IRS Is SCALE IN MILES I I RC I p 2 4 IRS RS W 171R ]W/A' -7n 208 RC IRS 209 128 1 C IRS 19 ]A IW/A 1IW/A 19A 0 lW/A - IR ISCIN I RC:7UE `,11 RS NASA 2PR WALLOFJ 20C IW/A J TATION 213 IW/A C 38* TANGIER I C!b IW/A @1 RS 2RC 2RC AREA 1 A IRS IW/A IRS IW/A / IW/A 2G 213@ IRS X- 20D 12A IRS IW/A IW/A Ila Ic lW/A 17 2G, IRS IW/A IW/A 2G IIA 100 IW/A 21 Sr 0C loc IW/A -IW/A IRS 37* 10B IW/A 45' 12C 1W 1W IW/A 10A IRS L110-11 IW/A IR S 16 I IRS IRS RS' 10A IW/A 'IW/A K 11 RSWR 15 1 CqB I RS,@l W/A IRS ACCOMAC -IW/A k" SA. IW/A 15 IW/A IR ONANCOCK 37* @S Ic 1W/A. 45' 11 68 IW/A IRS IW/A 10 6A IW/A IW/A ;1:1@ I W / A I RS\ 15 Nr IC IRC 4r IW/A I W/ @A 4 IW A IR IRS IRC IW/A 2 VACHAPREAGOPM V IW A Ic IW@A IRS 14 2G IPR 3 IW/A IW/A 2C IW/A IRS 30 JW/A IPR IW/A 20 JRS 14 4001% 2A W / A I 113 IW/ 1W/A hW/A 1/ 14 21 IRC USE 3TO Agricultural A OWNERSHIP Commercial C Private 1 Industrial I Federal 2 Government G State 3 Preserved PR County 4 Recreational RC Town 5 Residential RS city 5 Unmanaged Unwooded U Boat Rarnp Wooded W Marina ONI IW/A IW@/A WA 1 W/A W/A 'C 11 JA @IR S @@AC IW/A@ 75*\ 45' T5-\IV INTRACOASTAL MAP 1D WATERWAY -%,_ S ACCOMACK COUNTY 0 WATER QUALITY, OYSTER GROUNDS, AND SEWAGE DISCHARGES'u.,, v;.-I 20A SCALE IN MILES :is 0 1 2 3 4 19 U 41 S 1011z S 20B I 20E t9 S S 19A 0 *CHINCOT A E 17' NASA WALLOPS U TATION 20C U 19 00 TANGIER AREA 61 20D 12A S S S S 21 10C 37* 4 Ila 11 111 45' I @C 1,1111 S 111111 LI'; IOA Q Ar S ACCOMAC BA 15 U ONANCOCK 37, as 45' U K) 6A 1.44' 0@ .15 "A 21 4 VACHAPREAGM 14 S 2C 37* J* fit 30, .S s 28 14 % 2A 21 I it 37* GENERALIZED DELINEATION OF OYSTER GROUNDS WATER QUALITY Public Grounds Satisfactory S Leased Grounds Intermediate I Condemnation Areas Unsatisfactory U SEWAGE DISCHARGES Domestic Industrial = = = m = = = IN a a a a a 0 0 T5-\ 45' T5\30 INTRACOASTAL MAP 1E WA'MRUW -'@ 4 ACCOMACK COUNTY SHORELINE EROSION SITUATION B / R G CA Is SCAL IN MILE3 3 .0 B-! 208 B R 20E 12 B /*K 19A JA 20 -FCINCOTEAG E R/B JR/B B/R B NASA too WALLOPS B 20C TATION t9 38* N4.1 001 TANGIER G/B/ AREA -A@-A @Njfd 'A + + 20D 12A V IIB B/R 1IB B/R IT B 11A IOD B\ Jr OC 10C 21 i RqB R/B 16 3T* 45' 108 B 12C B IOA Z" A .-B B N-,@/ R 16 IOA B B ACCOMAC. SA 15 R, ONANCOCK @0 3r BI B 45' 3, 68 B R :B/G 6A B )--11 5 -B R B/R 21 R 4 V; z WACHAPREAGLIE R. B B/J/R 14 % B-/ G B 2C z 5 R/B 2B BB 14 2A B 14 B B SHORELINE PROTECTION STRUCTURES 37* Riprap R EROSION Groins G Severe Bulkhead or B Severe, Critical Moderate Seawall Moderate, Critical Jetties Slight or No Change No S.ymbol Other 0 Accretional + + + + AA A@) 16 R 2@w TABLE 1. SUMMARY OF ACCOMACK COUNTY SHORELANDS PHYSIOGRAPHY, FASTLAND USE AND OWNERSHIP (STATUTE MILES) '@h@:iographl C, SHORELANDS PHYSIOGRAPHY FASTLAND USE OWNERSHIP TOTAL MILES and ership FASTIAND SHORE NEARSHORE 1. v 7c --i1fi- ation PH P-q PA C\j @> " N 0 0 E-1 H U H P U E--1 0 F4 Fq W, P co Fq co H 8 E-@ , @"' M M E-A E@ 0 H 00 H E-1 Pq 0 E-1 @4 -:4 P@ 0 Fq Fq @!:z @Pi @-q @r- P Pq Ul) 0 Subsegment B@: @9: E-q N 0 U) 1 3.5 3.5 6.6 0.4 6.6 0.2 0.2 7.0 7.0 2A 3.2 3.2 3.2 0.1 3.1 3.2 3.2 2B 2.5 0.3 1.8 0.4 2.0 0.5 2.5 2.5 2C 2.9 2.0 0.1 0.8 2.9 1.4 1.5 2.9 2.9 3 24.6 0.2 24.4 21.6 0.1 0.4 2.5 24.6 24.6 4 3.4 1.4 2.0. 3.4 1.7 1.7 3.4 3.4 5 19.0 0.2 17.0 1.8 16.7 0.2 0.2 1.9 19.0 19.0 6A 1.9 0.1 1.8 0.2 1.7 1.9 1.9 6B 1.9 0.7 0.7 0.5 1.9 0.8 0.8 0.3 1.9 1.9 7 24.0 1.2 21.4 1.4 17.5 0.5 2.9 3.1 23.8 0.2 24.0 SA 2.2 0.2 0.3 2.1 2.4 Z-4 2.4 2.4 8B 6.5 0.3 5.2 1.0 6.4 0.1 6.5 6.5 8C 18.0 4.7 1.2 12.1 18.0 3.6 14.4 18.0 18.0 9 6.5 5.1 0.8 o.6 5.4 0.3 0.1 0.7 6.5 6.5 10A 12.0 1.9 1.2 1.1 7.8 12.0 3.3 0.1 0.2 8.4 12-.0 12.0 10B 15.0 1.0 14.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 100 8.5 0.4 0.3 7.8 8.5 8.5 8.5 8.5 10D 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 11A 10.0 0.1 9.9 70.0 2.0 8.0 10.0 10.0 11B 19.0 0.8 0.2 0.4 17.6 19.0 5.7 13.3 19.0 19.0 11C 4.9 0.1 1.3 3.5 3.7 1.2 4.9 4.9 12A 36.0 5.7 3.3 27.0 7.2 28.8 36.0 36.0 12B1 42.0 2.5 39.5 42.0 42.0 42.0 42.0 12C 12.8 3.7 9.1 12.8 12.8 12.8 12.8 13 11.5 5.0 0.4 6.1 2.9 0.3 0.2 8.1 11.5 11.5 14 12.6 1.6 0.6 0.4 8.8 1.2 10.1 0.7 1.8 12.6 12.6 15 8.9 0.1 3.2 5.6 3-9 5.0 8.8 0.1 8.9 8.9 16 10.3 0.1 4.7 5.5 4.1 6.2 7.3 2.0 1.0 10.3 10.3 17 8.6 0.1 0.3 8.2 2.7 0.2 0.2 1.4 4.1 4.4 4.2 8.6 18 7.6 1.0 0.6 0.8 5.0 0.2 7.6 3.8 0.8 1.5 1.5 11 7.6 7.6 19A 30.1 0.7 0.2 1.3 5.5 0.2 14.8 3.5 4.0 2.5 1.2 27.2 0.1 30.8 0.1 0.1 25.3 31.0 19B 2.3 0.2 6.1 2.3 2.3 6.3 2.3 19C 0.4 6.6 0.4 0.4 6.6 0.4 20A 16.3 0.2 8.5 0.5 12.4 1 16.5 16.5 21.4 16.5 20B 9.8 4.6 0.2 1.5 9.8 9.8 6.3 9.8 20C 7.8 0.3 0.2 1.0 1.0 2.4 7.8 9.3 9.3 11.2 9.3 20D 5.2 4.8 8.9 1.0 1.0 2.7 1.3 9.7 0.3 10.0 9.9 10.0 20E 11.3 11.3 111.3 0 11.3 11.3 11.3 11.3 21 40.5 37.8 2.7 16.0 24.5 8.0 13.0 5.5 14.0 19.0 21.5 40.5 TOTAL 416.7 2.5 0.3 3.5 0.2 57.5 1.4 93.6 114.6 21.0 253.0 7.6 32.3 41.0 172.9 130.7 12.8 21.2 68.3 178.2 10.0 60.9 399.1 82.7 0.1 0.2 489.8 482.1 % of SHORELINE 19.1 23.4 4.3 51.7 1.5 6.6 8.4 35.3 100.0 I% of FASTLA.ND 86.4 .5 .7 0 11.9 .3 27.1 2.6 4.4 14.2 37.0 2.1 12.6 82.8 17.2 0 0 100.0 1 12B (Smith Is-land) has no fastland. 2 For segments 1 through 18 and 21 shoreline and fastland measurements were arbitrarily considered identical. For segments 19 and 20 separate shoreline and fastland measurements were made. at" on , g. t e \.n 24 a I I a a I CHAPTER 4 01 able of Subsegment Summaries 2 4.2 Segment and Subsegment Descriptions 11 4.3 Segment and Subsegment Maps 11 I I I I I I I I 1 25 1 a I I a a - 4.1 Table of Subsegment Summaries I I 11 19 I I I I I I I I 27 1 1 TABLE 2. SHORELINE SITUATION REPORT SUBSEGMENT SUMMARY FOR ACCOMACK COUNTY, VIRGIN'iA SHORE EROSION SITUATION ENDANGERED SHORE SUBSE)GMENT SHORELANDS TYPE SHORELANDS USE OWNERSHIP FLOOD HAZARD WATER QUALITY BEACH QUALITY RATE STRUCTURES PROTECTIVE STRUCTURES SUGGESTED ACTION POTENTIAL USE ENHANCEMENT 1 FASTLAND: Low shore and moderately FASTLAND: Agricultural - 95%, Private. High at mouth; Satisfactory. No beaches. Slight, None. None. None. Offers good shelter for small craft. OCCOHANNOCK low shore with 25-foot bluffs. commercial and residential - 5%. low to medium Previously noncriti- Has good possibilities for additional NECK SHORE: Fringe marsh and embayed SHORE: Some boat landings. in other the head- cal. marina facilities. Bluffs offer de- 1,916 acres marsh. CREEK: Shellfishing, boating, and parts. waters were sirable sites for residences. 7 miles CREEK: Submerged meandering; mud waterfowl hunting. unsatisfac- bottom; has marked channel. tory. 2A FASTLAND: Low shore, mostly wooded. FASTLAND: Unmanaged, wooded; some Private. High, noncri- Satisfactory. Fair to poor. Severe, None. None. None. Low potential for residential use. SCARBOROUGH SHORE: Narrow sand beach backed by agriculture. tical. noncriti- Best use isto remain with agricultural NECK extensive marsh and wooded fastland. SHORE: Occasional bathing. cal, 5 and tree crop production. Could be de- 17,000 feet NEARSHORE: Wide, with sandy bottom. NEARSHORE: Fishing. ft/yr. veloped into recreational camping pro- viding no permanent structures are in- volved. 2B FASTLAND: Low shore with low bluffs. FASTLAND: Agricultural - 80%, un- Private. High, noncri- 3atisfactory. Poor. Slight, to None. None. None. Should be left as is, primarily agri- CRADDOCK SHORE: Fringe marsh with some embayed managed, wooded - 20%. tical in the none, non- cultural. CREEK marsh and narrow sand beaches. SHORE: Occasional boat landings northeast; critical. 650 acres CREEK: Drowned meanders. Bottom and moorings. medium, non- 2.5 miles muddy; not suited for navigation. CREEK: Limited boating and some critical else- shellfishing. where. 2C FASTLAND: Low shore. FASTLAND: Agricultural 50%, un- Private. High, noncri- Satisfactory. Good in the mid- Moderate; None. None. None. At present area should be left as it is. HYSLOP MARSH SHORE: Extensive marsh bordered by managed, wooded - 50%. tical. dle but inac- noncriti- To provide access to the beach, an open 15,500 feet wind blown sand flats and dunes. SHORE: Hunting. cessible. Poor cal, 2 pile causeway might be constructed across NEARSHORE: Wide with sand waves and NEARSHORE: Sport fishing. at the north and ft/yr. the marsh with consideration to present parallel, discontinuous sand bars. south ends. drainage patterns. 3 FASTLAND: Low shore. FASTLAND: Agricultural - 88%, un- Private. High, noncri- Satisfactory. Poor. Moderate, None. At Cedar View there is None. Undesirable to develbpe on a commercial NANDUA CREEK SHORE: Primarily fringe marsh with managed, wooded - 8%, residential - tical at noncriti- 400 feet of satisfac- scale. At present, area should be left 2,360 acres some small sand beaches. 2%, unmanagedf open - 2%, com- mouth. Medi- cal, 2-3 tory, wooden bulkhead as it is. 24.6 miles CREEK: Submerged meander with den- mercial - 1%. um to low, ft/yr. with 3 small groins. dritic branches; marked channel. SHORE: Access to boating, some noncritical Effectiveness of groins beach recreation. elsewhere. was not apparent. 75- CREEK: Pleasure and commercial foot of wooden bulkhead boating, crabbing and fishing. off Rte. 633 in good condition. 400 feet of satisfactory concrete bulkheading at Nandua. 4 FASTLAND: Low shore. FASTLAND: Unmanaged, wooded - Private. High, noncri- Satisfactory. Fair. Moderate, Road ending at Ineffective, scattered, None. Low. The marshes and beaches should RACKS NECK SHORE: Extensive marsh with irregu- 50%, agricultural - 50%. tical in the noncriti- the beach may concrete riprap at the be left as they are. 17,700 feet lar shoreline. Marsh is fronted by SHORE: Hunting on marshes, bath' shore area. cal. Sev- be cut. end of the road. 6,000 feet of sand beach. at Mason Beach. Medium, non- ere, non- NEARSHORE: Intermediate width, very NEARSHORE: Sport fishing. critical in critical shallow with parallel bars super- the Hacksneck in Mason imposed on sand waves. area. Beach area. 5 FASTLAND: low shore. 5-foot rise FASTLAND: Agricultural - 88%, Private. High on outer Satisfactory Poor. Narrow, Slight, None. Back-filled pier. At None. Marina facilities could be amplified PUNGOTFAGUE near mid creek; low bluff to 10 feet wooded - 10%, commercial. - 1%, creek; criti- except at debris-laden, noncriti- Evans Wharf, the road with care to avoid pollution. Upper CREEK on the upper creek. recreational - 1%. cal to resi- creek head and inacces- cal. ending has concrete rip- creek might be desirable for low density 1,085 acres SHORE: Primarily fringe marsb. Some SHORE: Access to boating and dences. Mod- where the tak- sible. rap. A 50-foot length residential development. 19 miles embayed marsh and several small sand bathing. erate, non- ing of shell- of wood bulkhead. All beaches. CREEK: Commercial navigation; critical in fish is re- appear to be effective. CREEK: Submerged meander pattern with crab boats and crab floats with middle creek, stricted. dendritic branches. Nearshore is sport fishin and pleasure low, noncri- wide, shallow with multiple sand boating. tical on waves. Nearshore and lower creek upper creek. bottom is sandy. The rest is muddy. 28 TABLE 2 (CONTINUED) ACCOMACK COUNTY SUBSEGIVIENT SUMMARY SHORE EROSION SITUATION ENDANG SHORE SUBSEGMENT SHORELANDS TYPE SHORELANDS USE OWNERSHIP FLOOD HAZARD WATER QUALITY BEACH QUALITY . RATE STRU'T= PROTECTIVE STRUCTURES SUGGESTED ACTION POTENTIAL USE ENHANCEMENT 6A FASTLAND: Low shore, elevations FASTLAVD: Urimanaged, wooded - Private. High, noncri- Satisfactory. Fair to good on Severe, One building None. Not economically Minimal. Not suitable for either resi- SLUITKILL generally less than.10 feet. 90%, scattered agricultural - 10%. tical. the bay side of critical on near the north feasible. dential or recreational development due NECK SHORE: Extensive marsh. Shore area SHORE: Waterfowl hunting on the the islands but bay shores, end of Parkers to low elevations and high flood hazard. 10,200 feet of islands is 94%.marsh, 6% sand. marsh, shellfishing in the tidal inaccessible to moderate, Island may be YEARSHORE: Extremely wide. Slopes zones. general public. noncritical lost. are gentle, and sand waves and bars NEARSHORE: Sport fishing. on the occur without any particular orien- mainland. tation. 6B FA.STLANDI. Low shore, dissected by FASTLAND: Unmanaged, wooded - Private. High, criti- Unsatisfac- Fair. Medium Moderate, Road extending At Broadway Landing a 30C Well designed sea- Replacement of existing beach defenses ROADWAY NECK snall creeks. 5-foot contour about 60%, residential backed by agri- cal. tory. width beaches at 2 ft/yr. to the beach at foot earthen dike, with wall and groins will improve presently developed areas. 10,000 feet 0.6 mile from bay shore. culture - 40%. Broadway Landing Fast Point. concrete block seawall could be installed High flood hazard should be considered SHORE: Extensive marsh in southern SHORE: Beach recreation, access but cluttered in front. In front of with proper coast- before future development. fourth, sand beach and fringe marsh to boats, waterfowl hunting in with ineffective wall are 28 groins. 100 al engineering in northern three-fourths. marsh areas. groins. Small, feet northeast of con- advise. NEARSHORE: Wide, shallow with ir- NFARSHORE: Channel access to inaccessible crete block is a plank regular shoals and winding channels. Onancock Creek, sport fishing, beaches else- bulkhead with 2 large Bottom is sandy. shellfishing. where. groins. All structures are ineffective. 7 FASTLAND: Low shore, elevations 8 FASTLAND: Agricultural - 73%, un- Private - High in lower Satisfactory Poor. Natural Moderate, None. About 400 feet of rubble None. Minimal. Flood hazard for lower creek ONANCOCK feet or less, upper creek 10 to 15- managed, wooded - 13%, residential 99%, Pub- creek, medium except for beaches are noncriti- riprap around the point recommends again t additional develop- CREEK foot bluff. - 12%, commercial - 2%. lic - 1%. in Cedar Creek Parkers Creek thin, narrow and cal. at Finneys Wharf, and ment. Upper creek could support addi- 950 acrer SHORE: Fringe marsh - 89%, embayed 9HORE: Access to boats and and at Finneys and 440 acres inaccessible. 200 feet along bayside tional low-density residential develop- marsh - 6%, narrow sand beach - 5%. moorings, some dockage. Wharf. Low in of Onancock of the point at Poplar ment. Increased boating activity would CREEK* Submerged meanders with den- CREEK: Commercial and pleasure upper creek. Creek which Cove. These appear ef- increase danger of water pollution. dritic branches. boating, some fishing and shell- are unsatis- fective. About 4,180 fishing. factory. feet of bulkl)ead at 5 lo- cations has been con- structed to hold fill. These are in fair to good condition. 8A FASTLAND: Low shore with a very FASTIAND: Unmanaged, wooded - Private. High, noncri- Satisfactory. Fair in sand Severe to None. None. Study of area It would be desirable to preserve PARKERS MARSH gentle slope. 99%, residential - 1%. tical except beach areas, none, non- with a comprehen- marshes for their natural purposes, and 12,500 feet SHORE: Extensive marsh and peat SHORE: Beach recreation at Crystal for the race.- Door elsewhere. critical. sive erosion con- not to extensively develops the Crystal front - 86%, sand beach - 14%. Beach. Hunting north of Back Creel tion commmity trol system. Beach area. NPARSHORE: 'Intermediate width at and wildlife refuge on Parkers at Crystal mouth of creeks. Wide at center of Marsh. Beach which is subsegment. NEARSHORE: Boating, sport below the 5- fishing. foot contour. 8B FASTLkND: Low shore, elevations FASTLAND: Agricultural - 99%, Private. Medium, criti- Satisfactory. Poor. 5% of Slight, None. One 100-foot long wooden None. Low. Land is too low to advise resi- CHESCONESSEX generally above 5 feet. commercial and residential - 1%. cal due to creek is narrow, noncriti- bulkhead and two, 50-foot dential development and the creek is not CREEK SHORE: Fringe marsh - 80%' embayed SHORE: Access to boats and storm surge actively eroding cal. long, cement block bulk- suitable for yachting traffic. 240 acres marsh - 15%, narrow sand beach - 5%. moorings, wharf crossings, crab from bay. debris laden heads all located on the 6.5 miles CRE@EK* Submerged meander with den- float storage, boat ramps and sand beach. north side of creek. dritic tributary pattern. Bottom is railways. They are effective in soft. CREEK: Crabbing industry, minor retaining fill. amount of pleasure boating. 8C FASTLAND: Low shoreq 5-foot contour FASTLAND: Unmanaged, wooded - Private. High, critical Satisfactory. Fair to good but Moderate, None. None. None, any action MinimAl . Development is inadvisable due BIG MARSH is 2' mile or more inland. 80%, residential at Factory Point at Factory almost totally could be would be economic- to low elevation and flood hazard. 2,545 acres SHORE: Extensive marsh, embayed 20%. Point, due to inaccessible to critical ally infeasible. Marshes should be left as they are. 95.000 feet marsh, about 25,000 feet of sand SHORE: Residential development, storm surge general public. during beach. hunting, limited beach recreation. from bay. stolm NEUISHORE: Wide, shallow, sandy bot- NEARSHORE: Sport fishing, com- Buildings only surge. tom except muddy in restricted basin. mercial fishing, shellfishing, 3 or 4 feet boat access. above MSL. 29 TABLE 2 (CONTINUED) ACCOMACK COUNTY SUBSEGIVIENT SUMMARY SHORE EROSION SITUATION ENDANGERED SHORE SUBSEGMENT SHORELANDS TYPE SHORELANDS USE OWNERSHIP FLOOD HAZARD WATER QUALITY BEACH QUALITY RATE STRUCTURES -PROTECTIVE STRUCTURES SUGGESTED ACTION POTENTIAL USE ENHANCEMENT 9 FASTLAND: Low shore - Lower creek is FASTLAND: Agricultural - 83%, un- Private. High, critical Satisfactory Poor. Slight to None. 500 feet of wooden bulk- None. low. Limited areal extent, shallow DEEP CREEK below 10 feet, upper creek slopes are managed, wooded - 6%, unmanaged, due to storm except for none, non- heading, retaining fill. depth of the creek, and low elevation 520 acres steeper and rise to 15 feet. open - 5%, commercial. - 5%, resi- surge. Resi- some unsatis- critical. 150 feet of this is in of surrounding fastland, prohibit in- 621 miles SHORE: Extensive and fringe marsh - dential - 1%. denc!es at Deep factory por- deteriorating condition, creased marine facilities or residential 77%, embayed marsh - 13%. Less than SHORE: Access to boats, piers and Creek have tions at remainder appears ef-* development. 100 feet of sand beach. moorings, pound net fishing, crab elevations of Hunting and fective. CREEK: Submerged meanders, quite float storage. less than 5 Deep Creeks. shallow. CREEK: Port for crabbing industry, feet. some yachting and pound net fishing. 10A FASTLAND: Low shore with gentle FASTLAND: Unmanaged, wooded - 70%, Private. High, criti- ISatisfactory* Good except so- Slight to gone. 3 groin-like structures, None, Low. Due to low elevation, residential WEBB ISLAND slope. ' ltural - 27%, residential - cal at Hopkins cessible only none, non- 3 areas of cosmetic development is not recommended. Lumber 12 miles SHORE: Extensive marsh with some am- ;r' cund commercial - 1%. where homes by small boat. critical. bulkheading, and an production and agriculture on the fast- bayed marsh at mouth of creeks and SHORE: Hunting in the marshes. are below the earthen and rubble rip- land appears to be the best use. fringe marsh in the nearshore zone. Boat access and storage on the 5-foot con- rapped dike. All ap- About 9,000 feet of sand beach. creeks. tour, noncri- pear effective in re- NEARSHORE: Wide, nearshore bottom is NEARSHORE: Sport fishing, com- tical else- taining fill. generally hard sand; creeks are mercial shellfishing, boat traffic. where. shallow and muddy. 10B FASTLAND: Low shore, very gently FASTLAND: Unmanaged, wooded, Private. High, noncri- Satisfactory. Fair. Medium Slight to Possible 3 or 4 150-foot bulkhead at None. low. Marshland should be preserved. PARKSLEY sloping. agricultural behind. tical. width, good moderate, nunting camps. dredged boat basin, 100 Fastland could be suitable for lumber 15 miles SHORE: Extensive marsh - 99%, em- SHORE: Hunting on the marsh, boat white sand, but noncritical, feet of wooden bulkhead and agriculture. bayed marsh - 1%, 5,500 feet of landings. inaccessible. 2 ft/yr. at end 676. Both ef- scattered sand beach. NEARSHORE: Sport fishing, shell- fective in protecting NEARSHORE: Wide with sand and mud fishing, minor boat traffic. against slumping. bottom. The creeks are well marked, shallow, and have a muddy bottom. 10C FASTIAND: Low shore. FASTIAND: Unmanaged, wooded, Private. High, noncri- Satisfactory. Fair. 3light to load at Guard At end of 675 there is Bulkhead at Guard Low. Marsh should be left as it is. GUILFORD SHORE: Extensive marsh - 96%, em- agricultural behind. tical. none, non- 3hore. 50 feet of riprap and Shore should be Improvements could be made at Guard CREEK bayed marsh - 4%, 2,000 feet of sand SHORE: Hunting on marsh, boat critical. 400 feet of bulkhead replaced with a Shore for more extensive recreation. 822 miles beach. landings. running east of the more substantial NEARSHORE: Wide, shallow with a 7 to NEARSHORE: Sport fishing, shell- road. These are fairly bulkhead. The 10-foot channel. fishing, boat traffic. effective. 600 feet of bulkhead at Old effective riprap at Cove should be Guard Shore. At Old repaired. Cove there is 50 feet of bulkhead holding sand. There are 50 feet of bulkhead on Muddy Creek. 10D FASTLAND: Low shore. FASTLAND: Unmanaged, wooded. Private. High, noncri- Satisfactory. None on main- 3light to None. None. None. Low. Area should be left as it is. BYRDS MARSH SHORE: Extensive marsh. Medium to SHORE: Hunting, fishing, boating. tical. land. On Ber- ione, non- 7-@' miles narrow beaches on islands. NEARSHORE: Sport fishing, shell- nard Island ritical, NEARSHORE: Wide, shallow and sandy. fishing. beaches are faiz@xcept mod- to good but in- ?rate, non- accessible. ritical for )ortions of 3yrds Marsh. 11A FASTLAND: low shore. FASTLAND: Unmanaged, wooded - Private. High, noncri- Satisfactory. Poor. Thin, Moderate, None. None. None. Low. Saxis Wildlife Management area MICHAEL MARSH SHORE: Extensive marsh - 99%, am- 80%, agricultural - 20%. tical. narrow, inac- noncriti- uses most of the marsh. The adjacent 10 miles bayed marsh - 1%, 500 feet of sand SHORE: Wildlife sanctuary. cessible, sand cal. 1.3- fastland is suitable for timber produc- beach. NEARSHORE: Sport fishing, shell@ beaches. 1.7 ft/yr. tion. NEARSHORE: Wide with 8-foot natural fishing, minor.boat traffic. channels. Deep spots are muddy, shoals are hard sand. 30 TABLE 2 (CONTINUED) ACCOMACK COUNTY SUBSEGMENT SUMMARY SHORE EROSION SITUATION ENDANGERED SHORE SUBSEGMENT SHORELANDS TYPE SHORELANDS USE OWNERSHIP FLOOD HAZARD WATER QUALITY BEACH QUALITY RATE STRUCTURES PROTECTIVE STRUCTURES SUGGESTED ACTION POTENTIAL USE ENHANCEMENT 11B FASTLAND: Low shore. FASTIAND: Unmanaged ' wooded - Private. Medium, cri- Satisfactory. Pair in the vi- Moderate to House at North There are numerQus shore Detailed study is Low. Camping facilities could be in- FREESCHOOL SHORE: Extensive marsh - 87%, em- 69%, agricultural 29%. Qn Saxis tical in Saxl-@ cinity of Long severe, . End Point and protective structures in needed to look at creased in northeast part. Also, an MARSH bayed marsh - 2%, fringe marsh - 1% Island, commercial 10%, resi- area. High, Point. Poor noncritical camp at east this subsegment. They overall solution increase in yachting trade at Saxis. 19 miles isolated fastland - 67o, sand areas dential - 4%. critical at elsewhere. except at side of Starl- consist of riprap, rather than stop- Every effort should be made to prevent 4%. SHORE: Wildlife management - 80%, north end of North End ing Creek. groins, and plank and gap measures. additional encroachment upon the NEARSHORE: Wide. Bottom is hard access to boats, shore recreation, town and to Point and pile bulkheads. Most of marshes. sand or shell except embayments are shellfish industry. the marshes. Starling the structures are ef- muddy. NEARSHORE: Fishing, shellfishing, Creek. fective but many could be boating. improved. 11C FASTLAND: Low shore penetrated by FASTLAND: Agricultural - 75%, Private. High, noncri- Unsatisfac- Poor. Isolated Slight to None. 100 feet of plank bulk- None. Low. Agriculture appears beat use for JOLLEYS NECK creeks 5-foot contour near marsh unmanaged, wooded - 25%. tical over tory. sand pockets, none, non- head on Holdens Creek. present. 26,000 feet edge. SHORE: Hunting, shellfishing, marshes. occur back of critical. 50 feet of riprap and 30 SHORE: Extensive marsh with fastland access to boats. Medium, non- tidal flat and feet of bulkhead on Pitts islands - 72%, embayed marsh - 28%, NEARSHORE: Some fishing, boat critical are inacces- Neck. All structures fringe marsh - 1%9 500 feet of nar- traffic. elsewhere. sible. appear adequate. row sand beach. NEARSHORE: Pocomoke Sound to west of lower half. Pocomoke River borders upper half. The bottom is all shal- low and muddy. 12A FASTIAND, Low shore. FASTLAND,. Residential - 80%, Private. Medium@ cri- Unsatisfac- Poor along Slight to A-irstrip and 2,500 feet of bulkhead Immediate studies Low. Due to high erosion rate, no stepe TANGIER SHORE: Extensive marsh - 75%, sand commercial - 20%. tical except tory due to Tangier. They severe, approximately at Harbor area of Tan- are needed. Rip- should be taken until the erosion pro- ISLAND beach - 15%, fringe marsh - 10%. SHORE: Crabbing, commerciiLl for uninhab- direct sew- are narrow and critical. one dozen gier. 200-foot combina- rapping or bulk- blem is eleviated. Possible increase 1,135 acres NEARSHORE: Wide except the east side boating, hunting, fishing ited marshes age dis- thin. Good at residences. tion pier and 3etty an@ heading of west in marina facilities. 36 miles which is intermediate width. NEARSHORE: Sport fishing*, -bell- which are charge. Cod Harbor but 450-foot bulkhead around side of Tangier is fishing, crabbing, boat traffic. noncritical. inaccessible. entrance to lagoon at needed. East Point Marsh. All structures appear effec- tive. 12B FASTLAND: None. FASTIAND: None. Private. High, noncri- Satisfactory. Poor to good, Moderate to None. None. None. Low. The area is too low for any kind SMITH ISLAND SHORE:_ Extensive marsh - 11%, sand SHORE: Waterfowl hunting* tical. but none are severe, of development. 917 acres areas 6%. NEkRSHORE: Sport fishing. accessible to noncriti- 42 miles NEARSHORE: Wide, generally sandy or general public. cal. 2-4 gravelly sand bottom. ft/yr. 120 FASTLAND: Low shore, only on Watts FASTLAND: Unmanaged, wooded. Private. Medium, non- Satisfactory. Fair to poor. Moderate to None. None. None. Low. At present, it is recommended WATTS AND FOY Island. SHORE: Mostly unused, some critical. All are thin, severe, that no exploitation or development be ISLANDS SHORE: Extensive marsh - 71%, sand, fishing and hunting. narrow, and noncriti- considered. 12.8 miles areas - 29%. NEARSHORE: Sport fishing. inaccessible. cal. NEARSHORE: Wide, generally less than 6 feet in south, 4 feet in north. Shoaler areas are sand and gravelly. 13 FASTLAND: Low shore. Mainland side FASTLAND: Unmanaged, wooded - Private. Medium to Satisfactory. Poor. Only 200 Slight to None. 50 feet of poorly con- None except to Low. As most of the shore is marsh, MACHIPONGO slopes to 15 feet. Beyond I mile, 70%, agricultural - 25%, recrea- low, noncri- feet of medium none, non- structed bulkhead a mile repair already little can be done to increase shore RIVER terraces 25-30 feet. tional - 3%, residential - 2%. tical. to narrow width critical. south.of Quinby. 75 existing bulkheads use without unacceptable damage to the 11-.1 miles SHORE: Extensive, fringe, and em- SHORE: Beach recreation, boating, beach. feet of flimsy bulkhead marsh. bayed marsh, about 1200 feet of sand waterfowl hunting. at Machipongo shores. beach. NEARSHOBE,. Boat traffic, shell- At Quinby Bridge there NEARSHORE: Upper Parting Creek is fishing. is about 600 feet of shallow and muddy. Machipongo River rip-p- is wide and deep. 31 TABLE 2 (CONTINVED) ACCOMACK COUNTY SUBSEGMENT SUMMARY SHORE EROSION SITUATION ENDANGERED SHORE SUBSEGMENT SHORELANDS TYPE SHORELANDS USE OWNERSHIP FLOOD HAZARD WATER QUALITY BEACH QUALITY RATE STRUCTURES PROTECTIVE STRUCTURES SUGGESTED ACTION POTENTIa USE ENHANCEMENT 14 FASTLAND: Low shore. 5-foot contour FASTLAND: Agricultural 80%, Private. High, criti- Generally Poor. Narrow$ None to None. Around and in Quinby General main- Low. Better maintenance of marinas QUD(BY within a few,score feet. recreational - 14%, commercial - cal. satisfactory, thin and strewn slight, Harbor there is about tenance of bulk- would make harbors more attractive. 66,500 feet SHORE: Extensive and fringe marsh, 6%. except for a with stumps. noncriti- 1,470 feet of bulkhead. heads. Artificial The lack of available waterfront and sand beach, artificial shoreline. SHORE: Boat access, waterfowl few isolated cal. Along Wachapreaguev nourishment and good beaches hampers additional deve- NEARSHORE: Mid flats, exposed at low hunting, shore recreation. restricted there is about 2,500 feet short groins lopment. water, channels as deep as 25 feet. NEARSHORE: Boating, fishin areas. of wooden bulkhead. Most could enhance the Nearshore areas are irregular. shellfishing. are in fair to good con- beach at Upshur dition. Short timber Neck. jetties protect entrance to the 2 marinas. North of Wachapreague, 150 feet of riprap protects the shore. 15 FASTLAND: Low shore. 20-foot con- FASTIAND: Agricultural - 99%, Private. High, noncri- Satisfactory. Poor. Beaches None to None. Ineffective brick and None. Low. Suited to its present uses such BURTONS BAY tour generally more than a mile in- residential - I%. tical. are narrow and slight, block revetment at Folly as agriculture, hunting, and fishing. 46,900 feet land. SHORE: Hunting, access for covered with noncriti- Creek Landing, a plank Every attempt should be made to main- SHORE: Extensive marsh - 63%. em- boating, some beach recreation, stumps. cal. bulkhead at Burtons tain marshes in their natural state. bayed marsh - 36%, fringe marsh - 1%, spoil dumping. Shore. At Edgewater scattered reaches of narrow beach. NEARSHORE: Sport fishing, shell- there are 100-foot of NEARSHORE: Intermediate to wide, fishing, boat traffic. concrete seawall and 300 shallow bay with mud bottoms. feet of concrete riprap. Riprap on each side of route 647. All struc- 16 FASTLAND: Low shore, gently sloping, FASTLAND: Agricultural - 71%, Private. High, noncri- Satisfactory. No beaches. one. tures appear effective. None. 200 feet of concrete and None. Moderate. Marshes should be left as GARGATHY penetrated by creeks. residential - 19%, unmanaged, tical in shore block retaining wall they are. Upland elevations offer po- 54,600 feet SHORE: Extensive marsh - 53%, am- wooded - 10%. areas. Medi- along the bank of Garthy tential for low density residential bayed marsh - 46%, fringe marsh - 1%. SHORE: Access for boating, water- um, to boat- Creek. Inside a dug development. Lack of beaches limits NEARSHORE:. Bays constitute nearshore. fowl hunting. ing facili- basin there is 50 feet potential for shore recreation. They are intermediate to wide, NEARSHORE: Boat traffic, fishing, ties on mid- of concrete wall and 200 shallow, with tidal mud flats. shellfishing. dle and lower feet of well maintained sections, low wooden bulkhead. These to residences. structures are primarily cosmetic. 17 FASTLAND: Mostly low shore, except FASTLAND: Government - 49%, agri- Private - Low, noncri- Generally No beaches. None to None. 900-foot bulkhead at None, except re- Low. Potential for low-density resi- POWELLS BAY moderately low shore along Mosquito cultural - 31%, unmanaged, open - 51%, gov- tical to most satisfactory, slight, Wishart Point, 300 feet pair bulkhead at dences on fastland above the 10-foot 45,300 feet Creek. 9%, unmanaged, wooded - 7%, resi- ernment of segment. some isolated noncriti- in very poor condition. Wishart Point. contour. Marshes should be left as SHORE: Extensive marsh - 95%, em- dential - 2%, commercial - 2%. 49%. Medium, cri- condemned cal. 200 feet of concrete they are. bayed marsh - 4%, fringe marsh - 1%. SHORE: Hunting, shellfishing, tical along areas. rubble riprap along NEARSHORE: Shallow, irregular bays spoil dumping. the immediate Route 695. Riprap and between fastland and marsh. shore-fastland bulkhead along Route 175. area. High, Most of the structures noncritical on are fairly effective. marshes. 18 FASTLAND: Low shore and moderately FASTLAND: Agricultural - 50%, Private. High, criti- Generally Fair to poor. Slight to None. There are many bulkheaded Repair bulkheads Moderate. Winders Neck offers some CHINCOTEAGUE low shore with bluff. commercial - 10%, residential - cal in Green- satisfactory, severe, and riprapped areas in and place addi- possibility for residential development BAY SHORE: Extensive, embayed, and 20%, unmanaged, wooded - 20%. backville and some isolated noncriti- this segment. There are tional bulkheads Marshes should be left in their natural 40,000 feet fringe marsh, 4,800 feet of sand SHORE: Boat access, storage and Cockle Point condemned cal. also some groins and also where needed. state. beach, 1,000 feet of artificial re- mooring, hunting, beach recrea- areas. High, areas. an area of gabions. Groins and arti- tainment. tion. noncritical Most of the structures ficial nourishment NEARSHORE: Wide, shallow, with muddy NEARSHORE: Boat traffic, water over the are fairly effective. are needed to bottom. Shoal areas contain oyster sports, sport fishing, shell- marshes. Low, maintain a beach "rocks". fishing. noncritical at Captains Cove. elsewhere. 32 TABLE 2 (CONTINUED) ACCOMACK COUNTY SUBSEGIVIENT SUMMARY SHORE EROSION SITUATION ENDANGERED SHORE SUGGESTED SUBSEGMENT SHORELANDS TYPE SHORELANDS USE OWNERSHIP FLOOD HAZARD WATER QUALITY BEACH QUALITY RATE STRUCTURES PROTECTIVE STRUCTURES ACTION POTENTIAL USE ENHANCEMENT 19A FASTLAND: Low shore 97%, low shore FASTLAND: Residential 88%, com- Private High, criti- Intermediate Poor. Severe, noncritical on Possibly buildings Bulkheading and riprap None. Low, most of shoreline is de- CHINCOTEAGUE with dunes 2%, artificial l%. mercial 8%, recreational (C-p- 99%, cal, elevation in Chinco- Chincoteague Point and at the southern along the town of Chinco- veloped ;there are no desir- ISLAND SHORE: Extensive marsh 58%, fringe grounds 4% overnmental (Coast Federal 5-10 feet, teague Channel The Canal. Moderate, end of Route 2114. teague waterfront, at able beaches. 25.3 miles marsh 22%, artificially stabilized Guard Station@ @1%- @1%1 predominantly in May 1974. noncritical above Black Black Point Landing and on (31.0 miles 14%, beach 5%, embayed marsh 1%. SHORE: Commercial, -recreational, State @1%. less than 10 Uns atisfa tory Point Landing on Assa- the northeast shore of of fastland) NEARSHORE: Narrow 16% along The none. feet, most of in Ast e@ue teague Channel. Piney Island. The riprap Canal and Chincoteague Channel. NEARSHORE: Shellfishing, fishing. the fastland Channel in on Piney Island consists Assateague Channel is shall6w with is extensively June 1974. of discarded automobiles. tidal flats, oyster rocks. developed. Wooden bulkheading at Birch Town and in the Oyster Bay development. 19B FASTLAND: Low shore. FASTLAND: Unmanaged, wooded. Private. High, noncri- Satisfactory. No beaches. Slight to none. gone. None. None. None. WILDCAT MARSH SHORE: Extensive marsh 97%, fringe SHORE: Hunting. tical. 6.3 miles marsh 3%. NEARSHORE: Shellfishing, fishing, (2.3 miles NEARSHORE: Shallow, soft muddy bot- waterfowl hunting. of fastland) tom, with oyster rocks; 5-13 foot channel in Assateague Bay. 19C FASTLAND: Low shore. FASTLAND: Unmanaged, wooded. Private. High, noncri- No data. No beaches. Slight to none. None. None. None. None. MORRIS ISLAND SHORE: Extensive marsh. SHORE: Hunting. tical. 6 6 miles NEARSHORE: Shallow, muddy bottom NEARSHORE. Shellfishing, water- (0:4 miles with oyster rocks. fowl hunting. of fastland) 20A FASTLAND: Low shore 99%, artificial FASTIAND: Preserved (Wildlife Federal. High, noncri- Satisfactory. No beaches. Slight to none. None. None. None. Low, use is -under jurisdic- CAIPPEN BAY earth d2 on pond behind Ragged Refuge), some hunting. tical except tion of Bureau of Sport 21.4 miles Point Marshes 1%. SHORE: Preserved, some hunting. to very few Fisheries and Wildlife. (16.5 miles SHORE: Extensive marsh 58%, fringe NEARSHORE: Some shellfishing, scattered of fastland) marsh 40%, embayed marsh 2%. fishing. residences. NEARSHORE: Shallow with 4-6 foot deep channel west of Ragged Point Marshes. 20B FASTLAND: Low shore. FASTLAND: Preserved (Wildlife Federal. Medium along No data. No beaches. Slight to none. None. None. None. Low, use is under jurisdic- ASSATEAGUE SHORE: Fringe marsh 73%, extensive Refuge), some hunting. Assateague Bay tion of Bureau of Sport BAY marsh 24%, embayed marsh 3%. SHORE: Preserved, some hunting. where 5-10 Fisheries and Wildlife. 6.3 miles NEARSHORE: Shallow with tidal flats NEARSHORE: Shellfishing, fishing. foot dike is (9.8 miles and oyster rocks and 3-13 foot maintained; of fastland) channel. high, noncri- tical along remainder of segment. 200 FASTLAND: Low shore 84%., artificial FASTLAND: Preserved (Wildlife Federal. Low along Unsatisfac- Fair to poor, on Severe, noncritical on None. None. None. Low, use is under jurisdic- BLACK DUCK 11%, moderately low shore 3%, mod- Refuge), birdwatching, some Assateague tory along ither side of Assateague Point. tion of Bureau of Sport MARSH erately high shore 2%. hunting. Channel; high, Assateague bridge from Rishenies and Wildlife. 11.2 miles SHORE: Extensive marsh 70%, fringe SHORE: Preserved, some hunting, noncritical on Channel in Chincoteague. (9-3 miles marsh 21%, beach 9%. shellfishing. Black Duck June 1974. of fastland) NEARSHORE: Assateague Channel 7-19 NEARSHORE: Fishing, shellfishing. Marsh. feet, tidal flats; Toms Cove up to 11 feet, tidal flats. 20D FASTIAND: Low shore 52%, low shore FASTLAND: Recreational (National Federal. High, noncri- No data. @xcellent. Wide Accretion. Hook has None. Sand fence north from the gone. Low, use is under jurisdic- FISHING POINT with dunes 48%. Seashore) 97%, governmental tical; low to @lean sand beach built south and west elbow of the hook has tion of National Park Service 9.9 miles SHORE- Beach 90%, extensive marsh (abandoned Coast Guard Station) medium at approximately 5 miles caused the dunes to build (10.0 miles 10%. 3%. abandoned since 1859. up. of fastland) NEARSHORE: Toms Cove up to 11 feet SHORE: Beach recreation. Coast Guard deep, tidal flats, muddy bottom; NEARSHORE- Shellfishing, fishing. Station. ocean side narrow to wide, sandy bottom. 20E PASTIAND: Low shore with dunes. PASTIAND: Preserved (Wildlife Federal. Low, sand Satisfactory Excellent. Relatively stable. None. Sand fence has built up. None. Low, use is under jurisdic- ASSATEAGUE SHORE: Wide sand beach. Refuge), hunting. fence main- as of January Wide3 clean sand dunes. tion of Bureau ofsport ISLAND, OCEAN NEARSHORE: Narrow width, sandy SHORE: Surf-fishing. tained. 1974. beach. Fisheries and Wildlife. SIDE bottom. NEARSHORE: Fishing. 11.3 miles (11.3 miles .Of fastland) 33 I a I a 1 4.2 Segment and Subsegment Descriptions I I I I I II I a I I I Is 35 I OCCOHANNOCK CREEK, ACCOMACK AND tions. A breakthrough has occurre d recently in MORE Quadrs., 1943 and 1968. NORTHAMPTON COUNTIES, VIRGINIA the spit north of Powells Bluff (Photo AC-1-4G) C&GS, #564, 1:40,000 scale, CHESAPEAKE BAY, SEGMENT I (Maps 2) but is not likely to affect the creek channel. Wolf Trap to Pungoteague Creek, 1971. No structures are threatened nor isolated by the break. PHOTOS: Aerial-VIMS 1OOct72 NH-18-91 to 939 ENDANGERED STRUCTURES: None. AC-1-1 to 5; EXTENT: Area - 1,916 acres including Killmon Cove. SHORE PROTECTIVE STRUCTURES: None. VIMS 18Dec72 AC-1-6 to 28, NH-18-227; Length - 7 miles from the inlet to the head of VIMS 27Dec72 NH-18-471, 472. the creek. Suggested Action: None at present. SHORELANDS TYPE OTHER SHORE STRUCTURES: There are approximately Ground VIMS 13SeP73 AC-1-1G to 4G. FASTLAND: Low shore on both sides of the lower 20 wharves on the creek and two boat ramps. half; moderately low shore on the upper half of A fixed road bridge (Rte. 178) crosses the the creek with 25-foot bluffs rising from the creek near its upper end. marsh edge. SHORE: Fringe marsh (45 acres) and embayed NAVIGABILITY marsh at the heads of the creek branches (106 APPROACHES: A marked channel with minimum acres). depths of 7 feet crosses the nearshore area. CREEK: Submerged meander valley with a few There are many shoals and bars, and the channel tributaries, mostly near the inlet. The bot- is narrow and winding, but with proper attention tom is primarily mud. to the navigation aids, the Occohannock Creek approaches are easily navigable. SHORELANDS USE INLET: The north spit at the entrance to the FASTLAND: About 95% agricultural, 5% commer- creek has grown southward and inward considerably cial and residential. in 30 years, but the channel appears to have SHORE: Little used except for boat landings remained in about the same position. (piers, ramps, and moorings). CREEK: The channel is marked by day beacons CREEK: Shellfishing (there are 96 leased for about half the length of the creek (3 mi.), oyster tracts comprising 790 acres), boating, to the vicinity of Davis Wharf. The control- and some waterfowl hunting. ling depth is about 5 feet. There are various shoals off the points along the creek, but even OWNERSHIP: Private. beyond Davis Wharf, to the bridge near Rue Wharf, at least 3 feet, and generally 4 feet can ZONING: Agricultural. be expected along the center of the creek. FLOOD HAZARD: High in the lower part of the POTENTIAL USE ENHANCEMENT: Occohannock Creek offers creek, medium in the upper creek, due to possi- the first good shelter for small craft north of bility of storm surge from the bay. Low to the the Cape Charles Harbor area. While care should bluff area surrounding the upper creek. Most be taken to avoid further contamination of the structures are above 5 feet in elevation. creek waters, the creek morphology offers the capability for additional marina facilities. WATER QUALITY: Satisfactory in 1973, but pre- There are several sheltered sites where such viously the upper creek had been unsatisfactory facilities might be placed, such as Tawes and closed to the taking of shellfish for Creek, Johnson Cove, Concord Wharf area, or direct sale to the consumer. Scarborough Gut. As with other creeks in the region, the SHORE EROSION SITUATION bluffs overlooking the creek offer desirable EROSION RATE: Very little erosion in the creek. sites for residences, either permanent or sea- There was about 40 acres of marsh erosion in sonal. Occohannock Creek is particularly various locations along the'south side of the attractive as it also offers extensive boating creek between 1851 and 1942, and probably a possibilities. similar amount on the north side, but there was also comparable accretion at other loca- MAPS: USGS, 7.5 1 Min.Ser. (Topo.), JAMESVILLE and 36 SCARBOROUGH NECK, ACCOMACK COUNTY, VIRGINIA from the WNW is 19 miles, and from the WSW is Wolf Trap to Pungoteague Creek, 1971. SUBSEGMENT 2A (Maps 2) 16 miles. PHOTOS: Aerial-VIMS 1OOct72 AC-1-19 6, 7; OWNERSHIP: Private. AC-2A-29 to 34; AC-2B-35; EXTENT: 17,000 feet (3.2 mi.), from Powells Bluff VIMS 9Apr73 AC-2B-419. at the entrance to Occohannock Creek to the FLOOD HAZARD: High, noncritical. Over two-thirds marshy point at the entrance to Craddock Creek. of the area within one-half mile of the beach Ground VIMS 13Sep73 AC-1-4G; AC-2A-5G. is lower than five feet, and within a mile of SHORELANDS TYPE the bay shore; there are only two isolated PASTLAND: Low shore, mostly wooded, penetrated points at Cape Charles reaching eight feet, near its northern limit by Bull Cove, which, the Intermediate Regional Plood level. The with its three arms, extends about 0.7 miles few buildings within the subsegment are mostly inland and has an area of 54 acres. Two or above the 5-foot contour. three other ponds to the south were apparently old reentrants now cut off from the bay by WATER QUALITY: Satisfactory. dunes. SHORE: From uouth to north, there are a sand BEACH QUALITY: Pair to poor. The beach is narrow, spit, a narrow sand beach backed by extensive thin, and at present is inaccessible to the marsh, and a narrow sand beach backed by wooded public. fastland with cut-off reentrants and a cove. SHORE EROSION SITUATION The spit (Powells Bluff) is 1,500 feet long with a maximum width of about 250 feet. The EROSION RATE: Severe, noncritical. The VIM narrow sand beach backed by marsh extends historical study indicates an erosion rate of north from the spit base for about 6,500 feet, approximately 5 feet per year. with a broken line of dunes directly behind the ENDANGERED STRUCTURES: None. beach and then a width of marsh averaging SHORE PROTECTIVE STRUCTURES: None. about 1,200 feet. A levee and associated To deal borrow ditch extends across the southerly end Suggested Action: None at present. of the marsh to provide access to an area on effectively with erosion in this subsegment, the bay shore formerly used as a private a system of defenses should be designed to beach. The narrow beach backed by fastland cover the entire length of the shore. Expense fronting the northerly half of the subsegment of such a project at this place is prohibitive (about 9,000 ft.) has a nearly continuous at present. duneline with elevations about 5 feet, imme- diately behind. OTHER SHORE STRUCTURES: There is a road across NEARSHORE: Wide (averaging 1,300 yds.), with the marsh. multiple parallel sand bars. There are depths of only three feet or less over about half of POTENTIAL USE ENHANCEMENT: Low, primarily due to its width. The bottom is primarily sandy. the high flood hazard and secondarily to the expense involved in constructing effective SHOREILANDS USE shore erosion defenses. Best use for the for- FASTLAND: Unmanaged, wooded, some agricultural. seeable future appears to remain in agriculture SHORE: Occasional bathing and other recrea- and tree crop production. Recreational camping, tional activity. particularly in the Bull Cove area, may be NEARSHORE: Fishing. developed to advantage, provided no substantial permanent structures are involved and that OFFSHORE BOTTOM: Gently sloping to a low of about adequate sewage disposal facilities are estab- 45 feet approximately 4,800 yards off the beach. lished. The bottom is primarily muddy-sand. MAPS: USGS, 7.5 Min.Ser. (Topo.), JAMESVILLE WIND AND SEA EXPOSURE: The beaches trend NNE - Quadr., 1968. SSW. The fetch from the NNW is over 40 miles, C&GS, #564, 1:40,000 scaleg CHESAPEAKE BAY, 37 CRADDOCK CREEK, ACCOMACK COUNTY, VIRGINIA BEACH QUALITY: Poor. The beach area is very HYSLOP MARSH, CRADDOCK NECK, SUBSEGMENT 2B (Maps 2) limited, narrow and relatively inaccessible. ACCOMACK COUNTY@ VIRGINIA SHORE EROSION SITUATION _SUBSEGMENT 20 (Maps 3) EXTENT: Area - 650 acres total, with approximately EROSION RATE: There is slight, noncritical 500 acres in the main body extending eastsouth- erosion at the sand beach areas facing toward east, and 150 acres in a branch northeast from the bay. No erosion throughout most of the EXTENT: 15,500 feet (2.9 mi.), from the mouth of near the mouth of the creek. Length - 2.5 creek. Craddock Creek across the mouth of Back Creek miles in the main body, the northeast branch ENDANGERED STRUCTURES: None. to Milbys Point at the north end of Hyslop is 0.9 miles. The perimeter of the creek is SHORE PROTECTIVE STRUCTURES: None. Marsh. 13.3 miles; the main branch is 9.6 miles and the Suggested Action: None. SHORELANDS TYPE northeast branch is 3.7 miles. FASTLAND: Low shoreq elevations are generally SHORELANDS TYPE OTHER SHORE STRUCTURES: An earthen dike appears below 5 feet on.the outer part of Craddock Neck, FASTLAND: Low shore, with low bluff along 85% to have recently been constructed across the rising gently to 10 feet near the heads of the mouth of a small cove near the upper end of the creeks 21 to 3 miles inland. (8.2 mi.) of the main branch; low shore, gently 2 sloping along 80% (3 mi.) of the northeast northeast branch (possible development area). SHORE: Extensive marsh (1,706 acres) bordered branch. There may be a culvert connecting the cove with on the bay side by a linear zone of wind blown SHORE: Primarily - 90% fringe marsh (12.0 mi., the rest of the creek. There are two small sand flats and dunes. The marsh is, on the 38 acres), embayed marsh - 7% (0-9 mi., 12 piers near the head of the creek. average, 3,'000 feet wide and has local areas of acres), and, in scattered reaches in the lower ponds at the north and the center. It is half of the creek,narrow sand beach - 3% (0-4 NAVIGABILITY bounded on the south by Back Creek. About six mi.). APPROACHES: There is no channel into Craddock acres of embayed marsh border Back Creek. CREEK: A drowned meander pattern with dendritic Creek from the bay, and there appears to be a There is fringe marsh along the beachfront branches. The main branch trends WNW - ESE in considerable area across which M1W depths-are of the 700-foot spit south of Sandy Point, and the outer half, W - E inner half. Most branches only 1 foot. some intermittent fringe marsh along the beach are short. Central depths are about 5 feet in INLET: There is a closed, channel-like area, for about 2,500 feet north of Sandy Point, and the outer half, shoaling rapidly to 1 or 2 4 to 10 feet deep at the inlet, with a small almost continuous fringe marsh along the beach feet. Northeast branch has maximum depths of branch extending 0.2 miles into the northeast for 5,500 feet south from Milbys Point. 3 or 4 feet. The bottom, of both branches, is branch, and the main section extending 0.9 NEARSHORE: Wide (average 1,700 yds.), charac- muddy. Miles into the main creek, but it does not terized by 4 or 5 large transverse sand waves which connect with the bay. trend WSW, upon which are superimposed multiple, SHORELANDS USE CREEK: Generally shallow and muddy. Except discontinuousq parallel sand bars. FASTLAND: Agricultural (80%) and unmanaged, for the closed deeper area near the inlet, wooded (20%). depths are 3 feet or less through most of the SHORELANDS USE SHORE: Access to occasional boat landings and creek. FASTLAND: Agricultural - 50% (south half); moorings. There appears to be some shoreline unmanagedwooded - 50% (north half). alteration, possibly for development, and in a POTENTIAL USE ENHANCEMENT: Craddock Creek is small SHORE: Hunting. small north trending arm of the northeast and not suited to navigation. For the forsee- NEARSHORE: Sport fishing. branch at the end of Route 752. able future it should be left as it is, pri- CREEK: Limited boating, and some shellfishing. marily under private agricu Iltural management. OFFSHORE BOTTOM: Gently sloping with some low- relief dips to about 35 feet. The bottom is OWNERSHIP: Private. MAPS: USGS, 7.5 Min.Ser. (Topo.), JAMESVILLE made up of sandy-mud and muddy-sand. Quadr., 1968. FLOOD HAZARD: High in the northeast branch, could C&GS@ #5649 1:40,000 scale, CHESAPEAKE BAY, WIND AND SEA EXPOSURE: The shore trends NNE - SSW. be critical if development should take place as Wolf Trap to Pungoteague Creekq 1971. The fetch from the NNW is over 40 miles, from the land is very low and is open to the south- the WNW is 21 milesq and from the WSW is 18 west directly to the bay. The hazard is medium, PHOTOS: Aerial-VIMS 1OOct72 AC-2B-359 36; miles. noncritical elsewhere in the creek. VIMS qApr73 AC-2B-419 to 4219 979 to 996. OWNERSHIP: Private. WATER QUALITY: Satisfactory. FLOOD HAZARD: High, noncritical; there are no habitations in the area of high flood hazard. 38 WATER QUALITY: Satisfactory. BEACH QUALITY: Good 'to poor. Good in the middle where there is a reach of about 5,000 feet of clean, intermediate width, sand beach, however, there is no access from the fastland* Poor at the north and south of the subsegment. SHORE EROSION SITUATION EROSION RATE: Moderate, noncritical, about two feet per year for most of the subsegment. The VIMS historical erosion study shows erosion rates of approximately 3 feet per year along the shorefront of Hyslop Marsh. ENDANGERED STRUCTURES: None. SHORE PROTECTIVE STRUCTURES: None. OTHER SHORE STRUCTURES: None. POTENTIAL USE ENHANCEMENT: At present the area should be left as it is. If population pres- sures ever get to the point where more beach areas are desirable, a roadway might be con- structed across the marsh to provide access to the beach at the center of the subsegment with due consideration to preserving present drain- age patterns. This could provide an added attraction for bird watchers and nature lovers in general. MAPS: USGS, 7.5 Min.Ser. (Topo.), JAMESVIME and NANDUA CREEK Quadrs.9 1968. C&GS, #564, 1:40,000 scale, CHESAPEAKE RAY, Wolf Trap to Pungoteague Creek, 1971. PHOTOS: Aerial-VIMS 1OOct72 AC-2B-36; AC-2C-37 to 44; VIMS 9Apr73 AC-2B-421; AC-2C-422 to 424. 39 NANDUA CREEK, ACCOMACK COUNTY, VIRGINIA to storm surge flooding from the bay. Medium courses of the channel. to low on the middle and upper creek and its INLET: The bottom in the vicinity of the inlet SEGMENT 3 (Maps 3) tributaries, most buildings are above 5 feet. is subject to shifting and is not well marked. Flood hazard at Cedar Viewq which is generally above 5 feet, is medium and could become cri- Depths ranging between 8 and 16 feet are en- EXTENT: Area - 2,360 acres including Back Creek countered. Curratuck Creek, McLean Gut, tical due to possibility of storm surge from CREEK: A few day beacons mark the channel, at Hacksneck, the bay. whose depths of about 4 feet are carried to Boggs Gut and Kusian Cove. Length - about 5.1 just past the entrance to Kusian Cove. miles along the main axis of the creek from WATER QUALITY: Satisfactory. the mouth to the marsh at the head of the POTENTIAL USE ENHANCEMENT: Nandua Creek is very longest branch. Curratuck Creek is the longest. BEACH QUALITY: Generally poor. There are few attractive in its present state. It appears tributary with a length of 1 mile. Perimeter - 4 beaches, those which do occur are thin and undesirable to develop the creek as it is 24.6 miles, within the fastland boundaries of usually covered with stumps and other debris. surrounded by creeks of greater commercial the segment. Within this, Curratuck Creek has One beach in a branching cove opposite Fairview capacities. The fastland surrounding the lower a perimeter of 5.2 miles and Back Creek has Neck, off Rte. 633, appears to have been man- creek is too low in elevation to be suitable one of 3.5 miles. made as it is in a protected area where neither for residential development.. The upper creek SHORELANDS TYPE erosion nor sand deposition would be expected seems well suited for its present use, agri- EASTLAND: Low shore. The 5-foot contour to occur. culture and low density residential. commonly lies close to the shore. The 10-foot SHORE EROSION SITUATION MAPS: USGS, 7.5 Min.Ser. (Topo.), NANDUA CREEK, contour lies well back, except at the heads of EROSION RATE: Moderate, noncritical, 2 to 3 JAMESVILLE, EXMORE and PUNGOTEAGUE Quadrs., the various creek branches. feet per year at exposed beach areas in the 1968. SHORE: Primarily fringe marsh (21.8 mi., 80 lower creek; no erosion noted on the upper C&GS, #564, 1:40,000 scale, CHESAPEAKE BAY, acres); a few short reaches of narrow sand creek. Wolf Trap to Pungoteague Creek, 1971. beach in the lower creek mostly in areas of ENDANGERED STRUCTURES: None. some fetch (total 1.5 mi., 74 acres) and em- SHORE PROTECTIVE STRUCTURES: Three small stone PHOTOS: Aerial-VIMS 1OOct72 AC-2C-45, AC-3-46, 47; bayed marsh, (1.3 mi. shoreline, 64 acres). groins and a 400-foot wooden bulkhead (con- VIMS 18Dec72 AC-3-48 to 69; CREEK: Submerged meander pattern with dendrit- structed of untreated wood) are located at Cedar VIMS 9Apr72 AC-2C-424, AC-3-425 to 4295 ic branches. There is a 90-degree direction View (Photos AC-3-252, 253). The bulkhead's AC-2C-857, AC-3-858 to 978. change near the mouth, from a NW - SE trend effectiveness is satisfactory but that of the in the outer creek to a NE - SW trend in the groins was not apparent. There is a 75-foot Ground VIMS 13Sep73 AC-4-6G, AC-3-247G to 253G. inner creek. The shallow bottom is sandy; the wooden bulkhead off Rte. 633, opposite Fairview deeper bottom is muddy. Sand waves and repet- Neck which appears to be in good condition. itive parallel bars are particularly evident On the downstream side of Kusian Cove at Nandua on the outer side of the 90-degree elbow, just there is about 400 feet of concrete bulkheading southwest of Curratuck Creek. which looks satisfactory from the air views. SHORELANDS USE Suggested Action: None at present. EASTLAND: Agricultural (88%), unmanaged, wooded (8%), unmanaged, open (2%), residential (2%), OTHER SHORE STRUCTURES: Of some 19 wharves, 3 or and commercial 0%). 4 are commercial on Back Creek5 the others are SHORE: Access to boating including piers, private. There is a public asphalt boat - I moorings and ramps. Some beach recreation at launching ramp on Back Creek (end Rte. 631),, Cedar View. and a private, concrete ramp at Cedar View. CREEK: Both pleasure and commercial (boatingg Just north of Monadox Point there is a pri .vate crabbing, and fishing). marine railway for small boatsq and a commer- OWNERSHIP: Private. cial railway off Rte. 630 which will handle boats up to 45 feet. FLOOD HAZARD:. High on the lower creek, critical NAVIGABILITY at Hackmeck near Back Creek, where the entire APPROACHES: A narrow and winding, 5-foot, community of two dozen residences and one or dredged channel leads across the nearshore to two crab businesses are-all situated less than Nandua Creek. The offshore end of the channel 5 feet above sea level, are highly susceptibl.e is marked by a light, and day beacons mark the 40 HACKS NECK, ACCOMACK COUNTY, VIRGINIA OWNERSHIP: Private. Ground VIM 13Sep73 AC-4-7G to 11G. SEGMENT 4 (Map s 3 and 4) FLOOD HAZARD: High, noncritical in the shore area. Most of the shore is marsh, there are no EXTENT: 17,700 feet (3-4 mi.) from Back Creek buildings. Most permanent buildings are a mile (tributary of Nandua Creek) north along the or more back from the beach. Medium, critical general trend of the shoreline, across the in the Hacksneck area where several residences mouth of Butcher Creek to Bluff Point, at the are below the 5-foot contour. south side of the approach.to Pungoteague Creek. WATER QUALITY: Satisfactory. SHORELANDS TYPE BEACH QUALITY: Fair. There is a total of about FASTLAND: Low shore. This is a neck, wider 9,000 feet of intermediate width beach in the along the fastland-shore boundary than inland, vicinity of Butcher Creek. Mason Beach is with no elevations higher than 10 feet. It .6,000 feet long and is accessible by paved road. is penetrated by Butcher Creek which ' sp@-its the Trash and general lack of care detract from its shore and enters A mile into the fastland. desirability at present. SHORE: Extensive marsh (231 acres) with a very SHORE EROSION SITUATION irregular shoreline in the southerly half. EROSION RATE: Generally moderateg noncritical. There is a 6,000-foot sand beach fronting the Severe, noncritical in the Mason Beach area. marsh at the south side of Butcher Creek inlet. The VIMS historical erosion survey gives rates Access is provided via a road across the marsh. ranging from 0 to 3.5 feet per year. Just north of Butcher Creek an inaccessible 3,000-foot beach fronts the marsh. Around the ENDANGERED STRUCTURES: There are no buildings head of Butcher Creek there are about 15 acres in the eroding areas, but the road ending at of embayed marsh. the beach may be cut. NEARSHORE: Intermediate width (av. 850 yds.), SHORE PROTECTIVE STRUCTURES: There is a littl e very shallow across most of its width, with scattered concrete riprap at the end of the multiple parallel bars superimposed on larger, road. The arrangement of the riprap is so oblique sand waves. scattered that it can be of no serviceg indeed it may cause turbulence and locally increase SHORELANDS USE erosion. FASTLAND: Unmanaged, wooded (50%) and agricul- Suggested Action: Under present conditions, tural (50%), primarily located around the head no action appears war ran ted for reducing the of Butcher Creek. SHORE: Hunting on the marshes; and bathing erosion rate. at Mason Beach at the south side of Butcher Creek entrance. OTHER SHORE STRUCTURES : None. NEARSHORE: Sportfishing. POTENTIAL USE ENHANCEMENT: Low. The marshes OFFSHORE BOTTOM: A 15 to 20-foot channel parallels should be left undisturbed. Existing beaches the shore leading from Chesapeake Bay in a within the segment could satisfy future de- northeast direction to Pungoteague Creek. A mand if the population should increase consid- large, wedge-shaped shoalg with minimum depths erably. They should, however, be regularly of about 6 feet, lies between the channel and policed. the bay. Bottom slopes are gentle; sediment is sand in the shoal areas, muddier in deeper MAPS: USGS, 7.5 Min.Ser. (Topo.), NANDUA CREEK waters. and PUNGOTEAGUE Quadrs., 1968. C&GS, #5649 1:40,000 scale, CHESAPEAKE BAY9 WIND AND SEA EXPOSURE: The shore trends NE - SW. Wolf Trap to Pungoteague Creekq 1971. The fetch from the NNW is 10 miles, from the PHOTOS: Aerial-VIMS 1OOct72 AC-3-69; AC-4-70 to 77; NW is 30 miles, from the W is 20 miles, and VIMS 9Apr73 AC-3-429; AC-4-430 to 437. from the SW is 20 miles. 41 PUNGOTEAGUE CREEK, ACCOMACK COUNTY, VIRGINIA OWNERSHIP: Private. as waterside residential developments. Their SEGMENT 5 (Maps 4 and 5) exposure to the southwest and their low eleva- FLOOD HAZARD: High on the outer creek, critical tions subject them to high flood hazard. to the residences which are nearly all below NAVIGABILITY EXTENT: Area - 1,085 acres total; the main body the 5-foot elevation, and to a development contains 861 acres, Underhill Creek 61 acres, which apparently is progressing to the west of APPROACHES: The channel is somewhat narrow and Taylor Creek 107 acres and Warehouse Creek 55 Underhill Creek (Photo AC-5-850). Moderate, winding from the southwest across the nearshore acres. The length of the main body is 4.5 miles; could'be critical, in the middle creek (Harbor- zone, but is well marked by lights and day Taylor Creek has a length of 1.8 miles, Under- ton area), as the general elevation is below 8 beacons. Minimum channel depth is 11 feet. hill Creek and Warehouse Creek are both about a feet. Low, noncritical on the upper creek. INLET: Stable, well marked with 10 to 15- mile long. The shoreline perimeter of the creek foot depths. system is approximately 19 miles. WATER QUALITY: Satisfactory, except at the head- CREEK: Depths of 8 feet are carried to the waters of Pungoteague Creek, which is unsatis- piers at Harborton and the channel is ade- SHORELANDS TYPE factory and restricted to the taking of shell- quately marked. Depths of 3 to 8 feet continue FASTLAND: Low shore. Elevations are generally fish. for another mile up the creek to the vicinity below 5 feet on the lower creek, there is a 5- of Boggs Wharf. The upper creek and the trib- foot rise near shore on the middle creek; and BEACH QUALITY: Poor. Beaches are few, narrow, utaries are rarely deeper than 2 feet. on the upper creek there is a low bluff to 10 likely to be debris-laden from bank erosion, feet. and are, for the most part, inaccessible. POTENTIAL USE ENHANCEMENT: With the deep channel SHORE: Primarily fringe marsh (17.2 mi., 41.6 There is approximately 700 feet of fair beach on and good marking, it is possible that marina acres), 1.1 miles of embayed marsh frontage on Yeo Neck near the Eastern Shore Yacht and facilities in the Harborton area could be am- the creek comprising some 129 acres; and 0.6 Country Club. This beach is probably man-made plified, with due care taken to avoid pollution. miles of sand beach divided into several shore and private. Upper creek sites might be desirable for low- reaches facing wide fetches on the lower creek. density residential development, but this type CREEK: Submerged meander pattern with dendrit- SHORE EROSION SITUATION of activity should be avoided on the lower ic branches. There are three nearly right- EROSION RATE: There is evidence of some slight creek due to the high flood hazard. angle jogs in the lower creek. The channel erosion along the various short reaches of beach approach is from the southwest, it turns south- which do occur in the segment and face westerly MAPS: USGS, 7.5 Min.Ser. (Topo.), PUNGOTEAGUE east at the inlet, then northeast a half mile and northwesterly fetches. Quadr., 1968. in, and after another half mile, turns again ENDANGERED STRUCTURES: None. C&GS, #564, 1:40,000 scale, CHESAPEAKE BAY, to the southeast before.breaking into the den- SHORE PROTECTIVE STRUCTURES: There is a new Wolf Trap to Pungoteague Creek, 1971. dritic pattern of the middle and upper creek. back-filled pier enclosed by steel sheet piling A wide nearshore area of shallow, multiple and riprapped at the shore ends at the Chesapeake PHOTOS: Aerial-VIMS 1OOct72 AC-5-78, 79; sand waves lies off the northwest-facing shores Corporation landing in Harborton. At Evans VIMS 9Apr73 AC-5-438, AC-4-785, 786, AC-5-787 of Hacks Neck and off the reach between Hancock Wharf the road ending is riprapped with concrete to 856. Gut and Warehouse Point on the lower creek. blocks. There is a 50-foot length of wooden The deeper areas of the outer creek and the bulkheading facing toward the bay, located Ground VIMS 13Sep73 AC-5-12G, 13G. middle and upper creek bottom in general are 1,000 feet southeast of the mouth of Underhill muddy. The shoaler areas of the nearshore and Creek, that appears to be in good condition. lower creek are sandy. Suggested Action: None appears necessary at SHORELANDS USE present. FASTLAND: Agricultural (88%), unmanaged, wooded OTHER SHORE STRUCTURES: There are two or three (10%)9 commercial (1%), and recreational 0%). SHORE: Access to boating, including piers, commercial piers in Harborton primarily serving moorings, ramps, and bathing at Yeo Neck near the crab business and there also is the pulp- Eastern Shore Yacht and Country Club. wood loading facility at the Chesapeake Corpora- CREEK: Commercial navigation to Harborton, tion. Elsewhere in the creek there are approxi- which is a loading point for pulpwood barges. mately 25 piers and wharves of plank and pile Crab boats and crab floats are located on the construction. At least one development, and a creek, there is sport fishing on the outer creek, possible.secondg are located either side of, and there is pleasure boating. Underhill Creek. They are apparently planned 42 SLUITKILL NECK, ACCOMA.CK COUNTY, VIRGINIA WIND AND SEA EXPOSURE: The general trend of the any major development either for residential SU13SEGMENT 6A (Maps 4 and 5) shoreline is NNE - SSW. The fetch from NNW use or for recreation. (Tangier Island area) is 9 miles, from NW is 20 miles, from W is 20 miles and from SW is MAPS: USGS, 7.5 Min.Ser. (Topo.), PUNGOTEAGUE EXTENT: 10,200 feet (1.9 mi.) along the shore- 22 miles. Quadr., 1968. fastland boundary between Klondike Point on C&GS, #564, 1:40,000 scale, CHESAPEAKE BAY, Pungoteague Creek and Indian Point on Matchotank OWNERSHIP- Private. Wolf Trap to Pungoteague Creek, 1971. Creek. Included in the subsegment are Finneys, FLOOD HAZARD: High, noncritical. Except for one PHOTOS: Aerial-VIMS 1OOct72 AC-6A-80; Scarborough and Parkers Islands. or two camps on the islands, there are no habi- VIMS 9APr73 AC-6A-439 to 443, 783, 784, SHORELANDS TYPE tations in the marsh-shore area. On the outer AC-6B-444, AC-5-855, 856. FASTLAND: Low shore. The neck is somewhat fastland, near the head of Tarkill Creek, constricted at the inner end by creeks, and there is one farm with buildings on ground elevations are generally lower than 10 feet. lower than 5 feet. The farm area is largely SHORE: Extensive marsh covers most of the surrounded by dikes to prevent flooding. Most shore area with a total area of about 446 acres. other buildings are well inland and/or are All of the mainland area is marsh. Finneys above the 5-foot contour. Island is all marsh except for about an acre WATER QUALITY: Satisfactory. of sand divided between the two southern ex- tremities. Parkers Island has 52 acres of BEACH QUALITY: There are no beaches on the main- marsh and 19 of sand, Scarborough Island is land shore. Those on the bay side of the is- mostly sand, 9 acres with 1 acre of marsh. lands, particularly Parkers Island, are fair to Overall, the shore area is 94% extensive marsh good in quality, but inaccessible to the and 6% sand. Scarborough Island appears to be general public. an emergent sand bar, and the entire bayward facing shore of Parkers Island is sand beach. SHORE EROSION SITUATION There also is 1.3 miles of fringe marsh EROSION RATE: Moderate to severe, noncritical. amounting to about 4 acres along the south On the bay shore of the island the erosion rate shore of Matchotank Creek and about 10 acres of embayed marsh at the head of the creek. is 4 to 5 feet per year. For the mainland shore NEARSHORE: This zone includes the tidal flats the VIMS historical survey shows a rate of 1.5 around the islands. A channel 8 to 13 feet feet per year. No erosion is noted on the in- deep runs north from Pungoteague Creek between sides of the islands or in the Tarkill Creek Finneys Island and West Point and Tarkill area. Creek. The 12-foot contour lies about 4,400 ENDANGERED STRUCTURES: There is one small yards off the islands, making an extremely wide building near the north end of Parkers Island nearshore zone. Slopes are gentle, and sand which might be lost through erosion. SHORE PD MV MTVV STRUCTURES: None. waves and bars occur without any particular @L=ML @ @@ \.d-L pattern. Suggested Action: None. Due to the inaccessi- SHORELANDS USE bility and consequent lack of use of the off- FASTLAND: Unmanaged, wooded (90%) and scattered shore islands, it would not be economically agricultural (about 10%). feasible to attempt to protect the eroding SHORE: Waterfowl hunting on the marshes, and be'ach. This also is essentially true of the shellfishing in the tidal areas. marsh shores of Sluitkill Neck. NEARSEORE: Sport fishing. OTHER SHORE STRUCTURES: None. OFFSHORE BOTTOM: The offshore area slopes down to 70 feet, gently first, then steeply, at the POTENTIAL USE ENHANCEMENT: Minimal. The large entrance to Pocomoke Sound, about 7,000 yards expanse of marsh shore both on the islands and off the islands. the mainland, together with the general low elevation a-ad relief of the subsegment preclude 43 BROADWAY NECK, ACCOMACK COUNTY, VIRGINIA FLOOD HAZARD: High, critical. Both residential At East Point a wooden piling bulkhead was SUBSEGMENT 6B (Maps 6) areas, Broadway Landing and East Point, face placed along the waterfront from the extension the bay, are low, and therefore are very subject of Route 767 to the beach northeast of the to damage by storm surge. Nearly the whole point, a distance of 2,000 feet. Much of this EXTENT: 10,000 feet (1.9 mi.) along the shore- outer half of Broadway Neck is less than 5 has rotted away. In addition, there are 18 fastland boundary between Matchotank Creek and feet in elevation. pilings or railroad tie groins extending out- the northeast end of East Point. ward from the bulkhead at intervals along the WATER QUALITY: Unsatisfactory. beach (Photos AC-6B-21G and 22G). SHOREIANDS TYPE For the most part, the structures mentioned FASTLAND: Low shore, dissected by several small BEACH QUALITY: Fair. There are medium width above have not been very effective in pre- creeks, particularly in the north half. The 5- beaches at Broadway Landing and at East Point, venting, erosion. At Broadway Landing the foot contour crosses the subsegment about 0.6 but they are cluttered with ineffective groins. groins are too low and too close together, the miles back from the bay shore. Small, narrow, and inaccessible beaches occur to seawall has no foundation and is not substan- SHORE: Extensive marsh, primarily in the the south of Thicket Creek entrance and to the tial enough, as is also true of the larger southerly fourth - 27% (29 acres); the northerly south of Thicket Point. plank groins. At East Point the bulkhead was three-fourthsis comprised of fringe marsh - 32% originally constructed improperly of piling or (5 acres), sand beach - 25% (3.7 mi.) and em- SHORE EROSION SITUATION railroad ties. The timbers were placed ver- bayed marsh - 16% (15 acres). EROSION RATE: Moderate, noncritical. According tically side by side, but not sealed so that NEARSHORE: Wide, shallow with irregular shoals to the VIMS historical erosion study, there has water was able to pass between, the timbers and winding channels. The slope from 6 to 12 been an erosion rate of 2 feet per year south causing turbulence and, probably, increased feet is comparatively steep. The bottom is of Thicket Point. No figures are given for the erosion. If this had been a higher energy sandy, with two series of bars more or less con- rate at Broadway Landing or East Point, but the shore, the consequences might have been disas- forming to the shoreline trend off Thicket presence of old groins and bulkheads indicates trous. One fairly large groin near the north .Point, with a natural channel of 5 feet running a history of moderate erosion along the shore end of East Point, which is tied into a more north to south between. A spoil area borders north of Thicket Point also. No erosion is substantial section of bulkhead, does appear the south side of the entrance channel to evident in Matchotank Creek or in the smaller to be effectively holding sand drift toward Onancock Creek. creeks. the entrance to Onancock Creek. ENDANGERED STRUCTURES: The road extension to the SHORELANDS USE beach from Route 767 at East Point has been cut Suggested Action: Sound coastal engineering FASTIAND: Unmanaged, wooded (60%) residential, back in the past, but is now protected by a advice should be obtained before proceeding backed by agricultural on East Point and at bulkhead, which continues southwest along the with additional efforts at both Broadway Broadway Landing (40%) beach to protect the house next to the road. Landing and at East Point. Using a unified SHORE: Beach recreation, access to boats, The erosion appears to be halted at present. approach at both locations, well designed sea- and waterfowl hunting in the marsh areas. SHORE PROTECTIVE STRUCTURES: At Broadway walls and groin fields could be installed and NEARSHORE: Channel access to Onancock Creek, Landing there was a small earthen dike along the provide ample protection. some sport fishing, and shellfishing. backshore about 300 feet long, and a poorly de- signed concrete block seawall was being built OTHER SHORE STRUCTURES: There are two small piers OFFSHORE BOTTOM: The entrance to Pocomoke Sound in front of the dike in September 1973 (Photo in Thicket Creek, two larger finger piers at lies 4 nautical miles offshore. Channel depths AC-6B-15G). An older block wall extends beyond Broadway Landing and there appears to be one are about 50 feet generally, but there is one the new construction for 200 feet. This was small pier on upper Matchotank Creek. One deep area to 70 feet. The channel slope is beginning to topple, was shored up and had been dredged boat slip off Matchotank Creek into quite steep, shoaling from 50 feet to 18 feet replaced by another block wall farther back Broadway Neck halfway up the creek has along- over a distance of 150 to 300 yards. The from the beach (Photo AC-6B-18G). In front of side moorings for two or three boats. bottom is-hard except it is muddy in the the wall are 28 short, single-block high groins POTENTIAL USE ENHANCEMENT: Replacement of existing deeper channel areas. placed only 15 to 20 feet apart. For another 100 feet northeast of the concrete block wall beach defenses with properly designed structures WIND AND SEA EXPOSURE: The shoreline trends NE there is a plank bulkhead and two massive- . will improve the presently developed areas. SW. The fetch from the NNW is 5 miles, from looking wooden groins at either end. These are The high flood hazard dictates careful consider- the NW is 10 miles, from t 'he WNW is 21 miles, actually quite flimsy structuresq consisting of ation (in structure design) if any additional and from the W is 22 miles. two parallel board walls with trash filling be- development should occur on Broadway Neck. tween (Photos AC-6B-16G and 17G). These are OWNERSHIP: 'Private. already deteriorating at the outer ends. 44 MAPS: USGS, 7.5 Min.Ser. (Topo.), PUNGOTEAGUE Quadr., 1968. C&GS, #564, 1:40,000 scale, CHESAPEAKE BAY, Wolf Trap to Pungoteague Creek, 1971. PHOTOS: Aerial-VIMS 1OOct72 AC-6B-89, go; VIMS gApr73 AC-6A-443, AC-6B-444 to 449, AC-7-450 to 452, AC-7-709 to 717. Ground VIMS 13Sep73 AC-6B-14G to 22G. 45 ONANCOCK CREEK, ACCOMACK COUNTY@ VIRGINIA OWNERSHIP: Private - 99%, and Public - 1%. Branch at Onancock. There are a few dug basins SEGMENT 7 (Maps 6) along the creek, and there appears to be a FLOOD HAZARD: High, critical, in the lower creek development going on in the south bank near the to homes at East Point and to new developments mouth of Parkers Creek. Two bridges, both for EXTENT: Area - For the purpose of this report, off Parkers Creek and at Poplar Cove. Elevations automobile traffic, cross the Central Branch in the creek is considered to be bounded on the are barely 5 feet above mean sea level, and Onancock. Groups of pilings indicate that bay side by a straight line drawn between the there is open exposure to storm .surge from the substantial piers existed in the 1950's between northeast end of East Point and the fastland- bay. Medium hazard in the Cedar Creek and Poplar Cove and Cedar Creek. shore boundary at the inland side of Parkers Finneys Wharf vicinity; low in the upper creek, NAVIGABILITY Marsh, 0.7 miles northwest of Poplar Cove. Onancock area, where elevations are 10 to 15 APPROACHES: There is an 11-foot dredged chann Total creek area is approximately 950 acres, feet, except for piers and boat houses. across the nearshore area. It is well marked el including the various tributary creeks. Length Approximately 4 miles from the bayside boundary WATER QUA-LITY: Satisfactory except for Parkers with lights, buoys and day beacons. to the head of Central Branch; the distance Creek and 440 acres of the headwaters of INLET: Stable, the 11-foot, well marked channel from the nearshore edge (12-ft. contour) is 7 Onancock Creek which were found unsatisfactory continues through the inlet. miles. The perimeter of the creek system is as of July 1973. CREEK: The 11-foot deep channel, marked by 24 miles. day beacons, extends to Onancock and 0.2 miles BEACH QUALITY: Poor. The few reaches of natural into North Branch to a turning basin. Lesser SHORELANDS TYPE beach are thin, narrow and not accessible. One depths, but adequate for most pleasure crafts FASTLAND: Low shore. Elevations are generally possible artificial beach at the end of Finneys and small work boats, carry in to the Central 8 feet or less in the vicinity of the lower Neck appears to be in the process of develop- and South Branches. Navigation into Finneys creek. In the upper creek there is a 10 to 15- ment. and Parkers Creeks requires caution, but depths foot bluff just in from the shoreline. SHORE EROSION SITUATION to 3 feet occur in much of the area. SHORE: Of the 24 miles of shoreline, 21.4 EROSION RATE: Moderate erosion at sand beaches, POTENTIAL USE ENHANCEMENT: Minimal. The lower miles (89%) is fringe marsh comprising 78 acres; such as at the end of Bailey Neck. On the part of Onancock Creek is too susceptible to 1.5 miles (6%) is embayed marsh comprising 37 upper creek, where low bluffs are close to the flood damage to permit a recommendation for acres; and 1@1 miles (5%) is narrow sand beach additional development. There are some areas in scattered reaches and pockets facing open water, there are local areas of erosion (Photo fetches. AC-7-243G). on the upper reaches and branches which would CREEK: Submerged meander pattern with dendrit- ENDANGERED STRUCTURES: None. permit additional low density residential de- ic branches. There is a natural channel with SHORE PROTECTIVE STRUCTURES: There are about velopment. There is already considerable 10-foot depths for 2 miles within the creek. 400 feet of rubble riprap around the point at boating, and increasing the traffic would also Elsewhere the creek is shallow and muddy (ex- Finneys Wharf, and about 200 feet along the bay- increase the danger of water pollution. cept where dredged), with the exception of the side of the point at Poplar Cove.. There appear MAPS: USGS, 7.5 Min.Ser. (Topo.), PUNGOTEkGUE tidal flats northwest of the end of Bailey Neck, to be no other structures placed to protect which contain sand bars normal to the beach. against natural erosion, but there are several and ACCOMAC Quadrs., 1968. The heads of most of the branches contain em- bulkheads constructed to hold fill, or to hold C&GS, #568, 1:40,000 scale, CHESAPEAKE BAY, bayed marsh. the bank where channel cuts have been made to Pocomoke and Tangier Sounds, 1972. moor boats along the shore. There is 600 feet PHOTOS: Aerial-VIMS 1OOct72 AC-6B-90; SHORELANDS USE of wooden bulkhead in a slip southeast of Onley VIMS 9Apr73 AC-6B-4491 AC-7-450 to 453, FASTLAND- Agricultural, 17.5 miles (73%), un- Point, about 2,000 feet in the Onancock area, managed, wooded, 3.1 miles (13%), residential, 200 feet at the mouth of Finneys Creek, and AC-8A-454; AC-7-654 to 703, AC-6B-717, 2.9 miles (12%), and commercial, 0.5 miles about 1,000 feet on lower Parkers Creek. The AC-7-718 to 782. (2%). condition of these bulkheads is fair to good. Ground - VIMS 13Sep73 AC-6B-19G, 20G, AC-7-2%; SHORE: Mostly undisturbed fringe marsh with VIMS 21Nov73 AC-7-243G to 246G. occasional moorings and acce8s for boats. Some Suggested Action: None at present. dockage in Onancock on all three branches, at Poplar Cove and at the back side of East Point. OTHER SHORE STRUCTURES: There are about 65 piers In addition there are-various individual finger on the creek ranging from small, private finger piers throughout the creek system. piers to substantial commercial piers in the CREEK: Both commercial and pleasure boat traf- Onancock area. There are small marinas at fic, some fishing and shellfishing. Poplar Cove (with a railway), and on the South 46 PARKERS MARSH, ACCOMACK COUNTY, VIRGINIA WIND AND SEA EXPOSURE: The shoreline trends NNE - marshes to the north for the same purpose as SUBSEGMENT 8A (Maps 6) SSW in the southerly part to ENE - WSW in the they are more or less contiguous. The fastland northerly part. The fetch from the NNW is 14 area near Crystal Beach is too low to justify miles (to Smith Island), from the NW` is 4 miles, extensive development and probably should be EXTENT: 12,500 feet (2-4 mi.) along the shore- from the W is 22 miles, and from the SW is 25 restricted to occupation by relatively low astland boundary between Onancock and Ches- miles. value seasonal residences. conessex Creeks. Crystal Beach at the end of OWNERSHIP: Private. MAPS: USGS, 7.5 Min.Ser. (Topo.), FUNGOTEAGUE f Route 782, and the inland part of South Ches- and CHESCONESSEX Quadrs.9 1968. conessex are included in this subsegment. FLOOD HAZARD: High, noncritical over most of the C&GS, #568, 1:40,000 scale, CHESAPEAKE BAY, SHORELANDS TYPE area; however it is critical to the small vaca- Pocomoke and Tangier Sounds, 1972. FASTLAND: Low shore with a very gentle slope. tion community of Crystal Beach, which is lo- SHORE: Extensive marsh bisected by Back Creek. cated on the edge of the sound below the 5- PHOTOS: Aerial-VIMS 100ct72 AC-6B-90, AC-8A-91 Over two-thirds of the southerly part has foot contour. to 101; linear sand dunes behind the beach. The beach VIMS 9Apr73 AC-7-453, AC-8A-454 to 456, 704 is fair to poor sand, with occasional peat out- WATER QUALITY: Satisfactory. to 708. crops. The extensive marsh lies behind all BEACH QUALITY: Fair in the sand beach areas, Ground VIMS 13Sep73 AC-8A-27G to 29G. this, with a few wooded hummocks with elevations (Photos AC-8A-28G, 29G), poor elsewhere. of 5 feet or more. The shoreline is mostly There is no public access to the beaches in the marsh outcrop, but there is about 500 feet of subsegment. good sand beach at Crystal Beach (end of Route 782). Of some 37,000 feet of shoreline, not SHORE.EROSION SITUATION including the numerous small creeks, there are EROSION RATE: Severe to none, noncritical. 4,300 feet of sand beach south of Back Creek The VIMS historical st udy shows Ian.erosion rate and about 800 feet north of the creek. Alto- of 5 feet per year, and a 1 foot per year accre- gether marsh and peat front account for 86% tion rate to the south at Ware Point. No ero- of the shoreline and sand beach 14%. The ex- sion is indicated by the study in the area tensive marsh comprises 936 acres. There is north of Back Creek, but local property owners also 20 acres of embayed marsh cutting back state that there is about 1 foot per year loss into the fastland in the southerly part of the along the sand area at Crystal Deach. subsegment. ENDANGERED STRUCTURES: None. NEARSHORE: Wide adjacent to the major creek SHORE PROTECTIVE STRUCTURES: None. mouths both north and south of the subsegment, intermediate width at the center of the subseg- Suggested Action: A short study to determine ment; multiple sand bars occur sub-parallel to direction of drift, followed by emplacement of the shore. Near the center there are three or 1 or 2 groins and possibly a sill between them, four longer wavelength sand waves obliquely might alleviate the erosion problem at Crystal crossing the bars. Beach. At Sound Beach on Parkers Marsh there SHORELANDS USE is at present no economically feasible way to FASTIAND: Unmanaged, wooded, agricultural be- reduce the erosion. hind (99%) and residential, Crystal Beach, (1%). OTHER SHORE STRUCTURES: None, except for a large SHORE: There is beach recreation at Crystal basin being exca-Ivated at the north of Crystal Beach, hunting north of Back Creek, and a Beach. This does not appear to be connected wildlife refuge on Parkers Marsh. with the sound or the creek, and its purpose NEARSHORE: Boating and sport fishing. is at present not clear. (Photos AC-8A-101 OFFSHORE BOTTOM: Pocomoke Sound entra Ince lies off and AC-8A-27G). Parkers Marsh. The sound width to Watts Island POTENTIAL USE ENHANCEMENT: The marsh areas to the is about 4 nautical miles and channel depths south of Back Creek are already well designated reach 80 feet 2.5 miles off the shore. The as a wildlife refuge (Parkers Marsh Natural offshore bottom is generally muddy. Area). it would seem desirable to reserve the 47 CHESCONESSEX CREEK, ACCOMACK COUNTY, VIRGINIA area is in the lower creek, facing fetches from somewhat by the confusing and narrow channel SUBSEGMENT 8B (Maps 7) the creek approaches. Two beach areas, each entrance. about 50 feet long, are located on the middle creek where property owners have probably re- MAPS: USGS, 7.5 Min.Ser. (Topo.), PUNGOTE.AGUE EXTENT: Area - Chesconessex Creek has an area of moved the marsh to make a sand beach. and CHESCONESSEX Quadrs., 1968. 240 acres. Length - Within the creek, the main C&GS, #568, 1:40,000 scale, CHESAPEAKE BAY, arm has a length of 1-a miles. Its length from SHORE EROSION SITUATION Pocomoke and Tangier Sounds, 1972. 4 EROSION RATE: Slight, noncritical. West- the 12-foot contour (edge of the nearshore) is 1 facing beaches near the mouth are eroding PHOTOS: Aerial-VIMS 100ct72 AC-8A-101, AC-8B-102 3. miles. The shoreline perimeter is 6.5 miles. slightly as are those north-facing beaches just to 104, AC-8C-105; SHORELANDS TYPE below South Chesconessex. In each instance VIMS 9Apr73 AC-8A-456, AC-8B-457, AC-8C-458, FASTLAND: Low shore. The ground is generally there is a fetch of a mile or more into the win- 611, AC-8B-612 to 652. above 5 feet within 300 feet of the shore. ter winds. A comparison between 1938 and 1967 SHORE: Fringe marsh, 5.2 miles (80%); embayed aerial photos indicates that the change is Ground VIMS 13Sep73 AC-8B-30G, 31G. marsh, 1 mile (15%); narrow sand beach 0.3 hardly perceptible. miles (5%). The fringe marsh comprises 19 ENDANGERED STRUCTURES: None. acres; the embayed marsh, 24 acres. SHORE PROTECTIVE STRUCTURES: There is one 100- CREEK: Submerged meander pattern with a some- foot wooden bulkhead and 2 cement block bulk- what dendritic, minor tributary pattern. The heads, each about 50 feet long, located on the lower creek has 4 to 6-foot depths, while above north side of the creek. Their purpose is prob- the villages it is generally 2 feet or less. ably to contain fill. The bottom is soft. The orientation of the creek entrance is east to west; that of the OTHER SHORE STRUCTURES: There are approximately 15 middle creek north to south; and that of the piers and wharves on the creek, mostly on the upper creek northwest to southeast. north bank, 3 or 4 boat skidways or railways on the north side, and one launching ramp on the SHORELANDS USE south side. In addition, there are 5 platforms FASTLAND: Agricultural (99%), commercial and with small buildings and adjoining catwalk en- residential 0%). closures off the north side of the creek at SHORE: Access to boats and moorings, wharf Chesconessex. Their purpose is to contain crab crossings, crab float storage, and boat ramps floats and associated paraphernalia of the crab and railways. industry. CREEK: The crabbing industry is the primary user of the creek. There are 5 crab float en- NAVIGABILITY closures, several skidways or railways for APPROACHES: The approach channel trends more or boat hauling, and several piers and slips for less east to west. It is well marked by buoys the crab boats. There is a small amount of and day beacons with a controlling depth of 8 pleasure boating. feet. INLET: The channel turns sharply south, but is OWNERSHIP: Private. marked with beacons and stakes. There are shoals to 4 feet here and care must be taken to FLOOD HAZARD: Medium, critical, in a high flood, remain in the channel as 1-foot depths prevail as many residences, particularly in South either side. Chesconessex, are barely 5 feet above sea CREEK: Depths of 4 to 6 feet hold past the level and might be seriously affected by high villages and the channel is marked by several storm surge from the bay. day beacons. Depths in the upper creek rapidly WATER QUALITY: Satisfactory. decrease to 1 or 2 feet. POTENTIAL USE ENHANCEMENT: Low. The surrounding BEACH QUALITY: Poor. Only about 5% of the creek land is too low to advise increased residential shore is sand beach. It is narrowq actively development. The creek is not really suitable eroding, with peat outcrops. Most of the beach for casual yachting traffic. It is limited 48 BIG MARSH, ACCOMACK COUNTY, VIRGINIA OFFSHORE BOTTOM: The bottom seaward of the near- across the marsh from the pier- to the camp on SUBSEGMENT 8C (Maps 7) shore zone steepens sharply from 12 - 18 feet Beach Island. to 80 - @O feet in lower Pocomoke Sound, par- ticularly near Beach Island Shoal. POTENTIAL USE ENHANCEMENT: Minimal. There is not EXTENT: 8,000 feet (1.5 mi.) along the shore- enough fastland behind the marsh between fastland boundary between Chesconessex Creek WIND AND SEA EXPOSURE: Shorelines in the subseg- Chesconessex and Deep Creek for any sort of and Deep Creek. The subsegment comprises about ment are oriented about equally NW - SW, and development other than low density residential 2,545 acres of marshland, partly islands, with again NW - SE from south to north around the or agricultural. The present development at a perimeter of approximately 95,000 feet (18 marshlands. The fetch from the NE is 6 nautical Schooner Bay was probably unwise. No other mi.). miles, from the N is 9 miles, from the NW is 6 development on the marshes should be permitted, miles, from the W is 3 miles and from the SW is both because of the low elevation and unstable SHORELANDS TYPE 27 miles. substrate and because of the value of the nat- FASTLAND: Low shore. Except in the Deep Creek ural marsh to the estuarine food chain. village area, the 5-foot contour is I mile or OWNERSHIP: Private. 2 MAPS: USGS, 7.5 Min.Ser. (Topo.),'CHESCONESSEX more inland from the fastland-shore boundary. FLOOD HAZARD: High, critical to the development Quadr., 1968. SHORE: Predominantly extensive marsh (2,523 acres), with some embayed marsh (22 acres); and at Factory Point due to storm surge from the C&GS, #568, 1:40,000 scale, CHESAPEAKE BAY, occasional wooded hummocks ' generally in the bay. The buildings are placed only 3 or 4 feet Pocomoke and Tangier Sounds, 1972. form of low crescent-shaped ridges ("Carolina above mean sea level. There is no bulkheading Bays") (Photos AC-8C-129 and 131). There are along the canal banks in the development (Photos PHOTOS: Aerial-VIMS 1OOct72 AC-8C-105 to 131; brush covered sand dune areas back of the beach AC-8C-33G and 34G), and storm erosion might be VIMS 9Apr73 AC-8C-458 to 462, 600 to 611. along many of the northwest, west, and southwest severe. Ground VIMS 13Sep73 AC-8C-32G to 34G. facing shores. Sand spits occur at Beach Island WATER QUALITY: Satisfactory. and Tobacco Island (Photos AC-8C-114, 116, 109). Including the spits, there is about 25,000 feet of sand beach within the subsegment. Of the ex- BEACH QUALITY: There are fine beaches on Beach tensive marsh, an estimated 125 acres have been Island and fair to good beaches elsewhere on the filled, canaled and partially developed shores facing the sound, but they are-almost (Schooner Bay) in the Factory Point area north totally inaccessible to the general public. of Chesconessex village. SHORE EROSION SITUATION NEARSHORE: Generally wide, except where creek EROSION RATE: Moderate, noncritical at present channels approach the shore. Mostly very shal- but the development area might become critical low, with extensive interfingering with the during floods. The VIMS historical study shows marsh shore. Bottom is sandy, except muddy in variable rates from 0 to 3 feet per year, par- small restricted basins. Sub-parallel sand ticularly in the sand beach areas (see Photos bars extend some 1,500 yards off the northwest AC-8C-122 and 123). and southwest facing beaches. Bottom contours ENDAINGE'= STRUCTURES: None. converge at Beach Island Shoal (see Chart #568), SHORE PROTECTIVE STRUCTURES: None. forming a (2,000 yards long) shallow point off Beach Island. Suggested Action: For the general area no SHORELANDS USE action is recommended because any effective FASTLAND: Unmanaged, wooded (80%), and resi- action would be economically infeasible. How- dential development (Schooner Bay) in the ever, in the Schooner Bay Development area, it Factory Point area (20%). is recommended that the developers bulkhead or SHORE: Residential development on marsh fill riprap the shoreline. at Factory Point, hunting, and very limited beach recreation as the beaches are not ac- OTHER SHORE STRUCTURES: There is a boat launching cessible to the general public. ramp at Factory Point (Schooner Bay), one or NRARSHORE: Sport fishing, commercial fishing two alongside piers in the canals of the devel- and shellfishing, and boat transit to and opment. There is a pier alongside the canal to from adjacent creeks. landward of Beach Island, with a catwalk leading 49 DEEP CREEK, ACCOMACK COUNTY, VIRGINIA on land lower than 5 feet above sea level. development of additional marine activities. SEGMENT 9 (Maps 8) The high flood hazard of the low elevations WATER QUALITY: Satisfactory for most of the seg- render the fastland unsuitable for increased ment, but there are portions of Hunting and residential development. EXTENT: Area - For this report, Deep Creek is Deep Creeks that have been determined unsatis- considered to be bounded on the Pocomoke Sound factory. MAPS: USGS, 7.5 Min.Ser. (Topo.), CHESCONESSEX, side by a line drawn between the easterly ex- PARKSLEY and ACCOMAC Quadrs., 1968 C&GS, #568, tremity of Savage Island in Big Marsh, and BEACH QUALITY: Poor. The only sand beach is less 1:409000 scale, CHESAPEAKE BAY, Custis Point in Subsegment 10A to the east. The than 100 feet long, is located at a private Pocomoke and Tangier Sounds, 1972. enclosed area of the creek is 520 acres. residence in Deep Creek village. It was prob- PHOTOS: Aerial-VIMS 1OOct72 AC-9-132, AC-10A-133; Length - The mid-creek length is 4 miles. The ably formed by removing the marsh grass. VIMS 9Apr73 AC-SC-462, AC-9-463 to 466, 576 to head of the creek, located 0.8 miles west of SHORE EROSION SITUATION 599. Bayside is 6 miles from the 12-foot depth con- EROSION RATE: Slight to none, noncritical. tour in Pocomoke Sound. Within the fastland- shore boundaries of the adjacent subsegments, There may be slight erosion on the northerly Ground VIMS 13Sep73 AC-9-35G, 36G; the creek is 2-21 miles long and the perimeter is facing shores of the outer creek. VIMS 20Sep73 AC-9-37G, 38G. 6-21 miles. ENDANGERED STRUCTURES: None. SHORE PROTECTIVE STRUCTURES: There is about SHORELANDS TYPE 500 feet of wooden bulkhead at the north side FASTLAND: Low shore. All elevations in the of Deep Creek village r 'etaining fill for the lower creek area are below 10 feet, many below wharf.- About 150 feet of the bulkhead is in 5 feet. On the upper creek slopes are steeper a deteriorating condition, but the remaining and occasionally rise to 15 feet. 350 feet is in good shape (Photo AC-9-35G). SHORE: The extensive marshes of the adjacent segments border the outer parts of Deep Creek. OTHER SHORE STRUCTURES: There are 9 or 10 fish Within the fastland, fringe marsh occupies 5 trap fences extending from the marsh shore at miles, about 18 acres (77%) (Photos AC-9-37G, the west side of the creek entrance (south of 38G) and embayed marsh occupies 51 acres (13%). Savage Island). There are some 14 piers and There is less than 100 feet of sand beach wharves in the creek, mostly at the village within the subsegment. (Photo AC-9-36G), and 4 large crab float en- CREEK: A submerged meander pattern with no closures in the creek near the village. There significant branches. This shallow creek trends is one boat-launching ramp and a small marine north to south. railway on Deep Creek. SHORELANDS USE NAVIGABILITY FASTLAND: Agricultural frontage on the creek APPROACHES: A crooked, natural channel leads is 5.4 miles (83%); unmanaged, wooded 0.4 miles from Pocomoke Sound, just north of Beach Island (6%); unmanaged, open 0.3 miles (5%); commer- Shoal to the inlet of Deep Creek. The con- cial 0.3 miles (5%); residential 0.1 miles (1%). trolling depth of the channel is 8 feet and is SHORE: Access to'boats, piers and moorings, marked by lights and buoys. crab float storage, and pound net fishing INLET: The inlet is long and narrow, with a (outer creek). dredged channel of 3-21 feet. The channel is CREEK: A port for the crabbing industry on the marked by day beacons and some lights. Eastern Shore, some yachting, and pound net CREEK: The 3-2L-foot channel extends only to a fishing in the outer creek. turning basin at the village of Deep Creek. Elsewhere depths inside the creek are only 1 or OWNERSHIP- Private. 2 feet. FLOOD HAZARD: High, critical. The creek is open POTENTIAL USE ENHANCEMENT: Low. The limited area to the north to flood surge from Pocomoke Sound and shallow depth of the creek, together with and Chesapeake Bay. The land is low and many the dependence of the local people on the crab of the residences in Deep Creek area are located industry, restricts the creek's potential for 50 WEBB ISLAND, ACCOMACK COUNTY, VIRGINIA shoreward, lies off the subsegment. Off Halfmoon fill over the marsh (Photos AC-10A-46G, 47G). SUBSEGMENT 10A (Maps 9) Island, the sound has widened to about 8 miles Further up the creek at Real Point, Route 670, from a width of 2-@15- miles between Beach Island there is a 75-foot, concrete bulkhead, and about Shoal and Watts Island. Average depths are 15 75 feet of stone riprap either side (at right EXTENT: 12,800 feet (2.5 mi.) along the shore- feet and the bottom is usually muddy. angles). Storm waves hit the bulkhead with fastland boundary between the east bank of sufficient force here to require a wooden spray Deep Creek and the northeast bank of Hunting WIND AND SEA EXPOSURE: The marshland shore mostly shield above the wall (Photos AC-10A-569 and Creek. Doe Creek and Huftting Creek are in- faces the NW, and the island arc is oriented 43G). An earthen and rubble riprapped dike cluded in this subsegment as are Webb Island more or less N - S. The principal fetch is has been built at the head of a small arm of and Halfmoon Island. There is a total shore- 8 nautical miles from the northwest, from the the creek, also at Route 670, to protect against line of approximately 12 miles in the subseg- N the fetch is 3 miles, and from the W is 6 flooding into the fields beyond. ment. miles. OTHER SHORE STRUCTURES: There are about 9 finger SHORELANDS TYPE OWNERSHIP: Private. piers and one stone wharf on Hunting Creek. FASTLAND: Low shore with a very gentle slope There is a private boat ramp at Hopkins and a inland, incised by Doe Creek and Hunting Creek, FLOOD HAZARD: High, noncritical over most of the public ramp and small railway off Route 670. which extend about 1 mile and 1-21 miles into subsegment, but it is critical at Hopkins where the fastland. there are over three dozen homes and trailers POTENTIAL USE ENHANCEMENT: Low. The low eleva- SHORE: Extensive marsh comprises a total of situated on land below the 5-foot contour. tions in the subsegment discourage any further 668 acres of which 552 are on the mainland and There has been a history of past flooding in residential development in the area. The chan- 116 on the islands in the nearshore zone. the area, with water levels reaching nearly to nel is adequately marked into Hunting Creek for There are 35 acres of embayed marsh within the the second floor of substantial homes near the local use, but with oth@r more accessible creeks, and approximately 12 acres of fringe shore. There is nearly a clear reach through creeks nearby, there seems to be no incentive The Thorofare, approach to Hunting Creek, to for development of marina activity. Lumber marsh border Doe and Hunting Creeks. There is Hopkins. production in the fastland and some agriculture about 9,000 feet of sand beach on Halfmoon and on the higher ground appears to be the best Webb Islandsq amounting to about 14% of the WATER QUALITY: Satisfactory. use for the shorelands in this subsegment. shoreline. The rest is almost entirely marsh- Unfortunately, the good beaches on the islands peat shore. BEACH QUALITY: There is several thousand feet of are not accessible to the general public. NEARSHORE: Wide. There are areas of parallel good, sand beach on Halfmoon Island and the bars about 1-21 nautical miles west of Halfmoon northerly part of Webb Island. They are in- MAPS: USGS, 7.5 Min.Ser. (Topo.), CHESCONESSEX Island. The shallow, nearshore area is hook- accessible except by small boat. and PARKSLEY Quadrs., 1968. shaped and is skewed off to the southwest, C&GS, #568, 1:40,000 scale, CHESAPEAKE BAY, bounded by the channels to Deep Creek and SHORE EROSION SITUATION -Pocomoke and Tangier Sounds, 1972. Hunting Creek. The bottom is generally sandy EROSION RATE: Slight to none. The VIMS his- a-ad hard. The creeks are, for the most part, torical survey shows an erosion rate of 1 foot PHOTOS: Aerial-VIMS 1OOct72 AC-'1OA-133 to 143; shallow and muddy, but there is a channel of perIyear near Custis Point. Halfmoon and Webb VIMS 9Apr73 AC-10A-466 to 475, 562 to 575. 7 feet nearly to Hopkins on Hunting Creek, and Islands are not indicated in the survey, but 2-1 feet to the wharf. Depths appear shallow seem to have remained the same. (Photo AC- Ground VIMS 20Sep73 AC-IOA-39G to 49G. on the chart, but there is considerable small IOA-569). boat traffic -i mile above Hopkins (Photo AC- 2 1OA-571 ENDANGERED STRUCTURES: None. SHORE PROTECTIVE STRUCTURES: There are three SHORELANDS USE groin-like structures on the beach of the small FASTLAND: Unmanaged, wooded (70%), agricultural island at the north end of Webb Island. They (27%), residential (2%), and commercial 0%). seem to be entirely on the beach though, and SHORE: Hunting in the marshes, boat access and may be some sort of temporary beach recreation storage on the creeks. structure. On Doe Creek there is one 100-foot, NEARSHORE: Sport fishing, commercial shell- cosmetic bulkhead on the north bank, which may fishingg boat traffic to Hunting Creek. retain some artificial fill, and serves as a boat mooring for the property owner. (Photo AC- OFFSHORE BOTTOM: Pocomoke Sound, with depths to 1OA-39G). At Hopkins, on Hunting Creek, there 76 feet in the channel, but shoaling rapidly is a new, wooden, cosmetic bulkhead retaining 51 PARKSLEY, ACCOMACK COUNTY, VIRGINIA sidered in the discussion of 10A). VIMS 9Apr73 AC-10B-476 to 483, 559 to 561. SUBSEGMENT 10B (Maps 9) WATER QUALITY: Satisfactory. around VIMS 20Sep73 AC-IOB-49G to 52G. EXTENT: 16,000 feet (3-0 mi.) along the shore- BEACH QUALITY: Fair. The beaches in the subseg- fastland boundary between the north bank of ment are of medium width, with good white sand, Hunting Creek and the middle of Young Creek. but.they are inaccessible by land. There are about 15 miles of shoreline in the subsegment, including Dix Cove, Bagwell Creek, SHORE EROSION SITUATION Little Back Creek@ France Creek, Bagwell Cove,, EROSION RATE: Slight to moderate, critical and Cedar Cove. along the bay shore. The VIMS historical sur- vey shows up to 2 feet per year at various SHORELANDS TYPE exposed sand beach areas. There is no erosion FASTLAND: Low shore, very gently sloping, pene- noted in the creeks. trated by Bagley Creek near Parker Landing. ENDANGERED STRUCTURES: There are three or four SHORE: Extensive marsh - 1,468 acres (99%), in- hunting camps located near the bay shore which cised by several creeks and coves, embayed marsh are endangered. - 20 acres 0%). Along the shore there are SHORE PROTECTIVE STRUCTURES: There is a 150-foot 5,500 feet of scattered sandy beaches, most bulkhead at the head of a dredged boat basin notably at Jacks Island, Simpson Bend and Jobes off Dix Cove, and 100 feet of wooden bulkhead Island. at the boat landing at the end of Route 676. NEARSHORE: Wide. There is a series of irreg- These are primarily to protect against slumping ular flatsq running generally northeast to due to tidal or boat action where man has southwest, of greater depth toward Pocomoke altered the creek banks. Sound channel, and interrupted by channels 10- 11 feet deep. The creeks are all shallow and OTHER SHORE STRUCTURES: There is a dug canal and unmarked except for the nearshore approaches boat basin (about 500 feet long) off Dix Cove to Young Creek. The nearshore flats are northwest of Hopkins; (Photos AC-10B 176, 561). sand and mud, the creek bottoms are muddy. There are remnants of small, alongside piers at Route 674 on Bagwell Creek, and a small finger SHORELANDS USE pier at the camp on Ebb Point. At the end of FASTLAND: Unmanaged, wooded, agricultural Route 676 on Young Creek there are a boat behind. launching ramp, 3 finger piers, a boat skidway, SHORE: Hunting on the marsh, and boat landings an alongside pier and some bulkheading (Photos at Dix Cove and on Young Creek. AC-IOB-599, 50G to 52G). Nearby there are NEARSHORE: Sport fishing, shellfishing, and small foot bridges across small channels in the minor boat traffic to the creeks. marsh to reach various boat moorings (Photos AC-10B-482, 560). OFFSHORE BOTTOM: Pocomoke Sound channel extending northeast to southwest, lies 5-6 nautical miles POTENTIAL USE ENHANCEMENT: Low. The area is pri- offshore. Depths greater than 12 feet are re- marily marshland which should be preserved as stricted to a channel a mile or less wide. a primary food source for shore and nearshore life. The adjoining fastland is low and suit- WIND AND SEA EXPOSURE: Orientation of the bay- able for lumber and agriculture. front shores is NNE - SSW. The fetch from the NW is 8 miles, and from the.W is 11 miles. MAPS: USGS, 7.5 Min.Ser. (Topo.), PARKSLEY Quadr., 1968. OWNERSHIP: Private. C&GS, #5689 1:40,000 scale, CHESAPEAKE BAY, Pocomoke and Tangier Sounds, 1972. FLOOD HAZARD: Highq noncritical, in general, as PHOTOS: Aerial-VIMS 1OOct72 AC-10A-143; AC-10B- there are no permanent residences in the sub- segment, except at the Hopkins vicinity (con- 144 to 159; 52 GUILFORD CREEK, ACCOMACK COUNTY, VIRGINIA land even though they are on fairly low ground. OTHER SHORE STRUCTURES: At the end of Route 800 SUBSEGMENT 10C (Maps 9 and 10) there is a *finger pier and several primitive WATER QUALITY: Satisfactory. boat skidways. At the end of Route 675 there is a long finger pier, a short pier and a mud BEACH QUALITY: Fair at Guard Shore. The northerly boat launching ramp. A -L mile farther up the EXTENT: 20,000 feet (3.8 mi.) along the shore- 4 fastland boundary between the middle of Young 1,000 feet is narrow, the sand is coarse, and creek is another short pier. At, Guard Shore Creek and the middle of Muddy Creek. The there is rubble riprap. The southerly part is there is a good, paved boat launching ramp, shore perimeter of th-e subsegment, including fair and easily accessible by road (Route 684). with finger piers either side. (Photo AC-10C- the shores of the larger creeks and coves is (Photos AC-10C-61G and 64G). There are about 63G). There are numerous moorings in Old Cove about 8-21 miles. 200 feet of narrow, sand beach on Guilford and some crab floats. On the south side of Creek at the end of Route 800, but the bottom Muddy Creek there is a small boat slip with SHORELANDS TYPE is not particularly desirable for wading or alongside piers and a small footbridge crossing FASTLAND: Low shore, with the 5-foot contour swimming. (Photos AC-10C-548, 53G) near the head of the slip to a cottage. (Photo generally about-L mile back from the marsh ex- AC-10C-65G). At several points, along the 2 SHORE EROSION SITUATION creeks there are log skidways for hauling boats. cept in the Guilford Creek area. Guilford EROSION RATE: The VIMS historical erosion study Creek bisects the area. SHORE: Extensive marsh - 1,198 acres (96%), gives no indication of erosion in the subsegment. POTENTIAL USE ENHANCEMENT: Low. The marshland embayed marsh - 52 acres (4), and a minor The sand beaches at Guard Shore and on Guilford should be preserved as a food source for aquat- aryt (2 acres) of fringe marsh. The shore Creek at Route 800, together with their orien- ic life. The creeks are too shallow for more ar is split by Guilford Creek, which extends tations toward the bay, indicate some erosion, extensive boat use and the fastland is too low in 0 the fastland to Guilford, and is incised but it is slight, and not measurable between for residential devel 'opment. If local demand by several coves and guts. There are a few 1938 and 1967 air photos. arose, improvements could be made at Guard low, arcuate, wooded ridges associated with the ENDANGERED STRUCTURES: No buildings are in dan- Shore to both the beach area and the picnic "Carolina Bays" located in the shore zone. ger, but the road at Guard Shore has been rip- area. There is 2,000 feet of sand beach at Guard rapped. Shore. Elsewhere the shoreline is marsh-peat. SHORE PROTECTIVE STRUCTURES: At the end of MAPS: USGS, 7.5 Min.Ser. (Topo.), PARKSLEY Quadr., NEARSHORE: Wide, shallow (4 to 6 feet deep), Route 675 on Guilford Creek there is about 50 1968. but with a 7 to 10-foot channel to Beasley Bay feet of rubble riprap around the pierhead to C&GS, #568, 1:40,000 scale, CHESAPEAKE BAY, from the creeks. The channel continues out the west of the road and some 400 feet of Pocomoke and Tangier Sounds, 1972. to Pocomoke Sound, running south of Guilford wooden bulkhead running along the face of the Flats. property to the east of the road. (Photos PHOTOS: Aerial-VIMS 1OOct72 AC-10B-159, AC-10D- AC-10C-536, 59G and 60G). These seem fairly 160; SHORELANDS USE effective in reducing minor erosion in the area. VIMS 9Apr73 AC-10B-483, AC-10C-484 to 489, FASTLANI): Unmanaged, wooded, agricultural At Guard Shore there are 600 feet of concrete 536 to 553, 556. behind. rubble riprap, along the side of the road facing SHORE: Hunting on the marsh, boat landings Beasley Bay which seems effective. On the in- Ground - VIMS 20Sep73 AC-TOC-53G to 65G. on Guilford Creek. side shore, in Old Cove, there is a wooden bulk- NEARSHORE: Sport fishing, shellfishing, and head of 50 feet in length to hold sand from boating. sweeping around the corner into the boat ramp. This is being overwhelmed and needs repair. OFFSHORE BOTTOM: Pocomoke Sound lies 6 to 7 (Photos AC-10C-61G and 63G). On Muddy Creek, miles northwest of Guard Shore. Channel depths at the end of Route 683, there is about 50 do not exceed 30 feet. feet of wooden bulkheading in a small boat slip. WIND AND SEA EXPOSURE: The beach orienta tion on Suggested Action: The above structures appear the bayward shore is NE - SW. The NW fetch is adequate at present, except for the bulkhead at 2 nautical miles from the Bernard Islands. Guard Shore. This needs replacing with a more substantial bulkhead or a short jetty to keep OWNERSHIP: Private. sand from overwhelming the launching ramp. Alternately, the sand building up in the inside FLOOD HAZARD: Highq noncritical. The few resi- might be occasionally pumped or dredged and re- dences in the subsegment are located well in- placed on the bayward shore to improve the beach. 53 BYRDS MARSH, ACCOMACK COUNTY, VIRGINIA good, but inaccessible. SUBSEGMENT 10D (Maps 10) SHORE EROSION SITUATION EROSION aTE- Slight to none, noncritical ex- EXTENT: Approximately 3,500 feet (0.7 mi.) along cept on the exposed parts of Byrds Marsh where the shore-fastland boundary between the middle the VIMS historical erosion survey shows mod- of Muddy Creek and Cattail Creek. The shore- erate erosion of 1 to 2 feet per year. line perimeter is about 7-21 miles, not including ENDANGERED STRUCTURES: None. minor coves. The Bernard Islands are included SHORE PROTECTIVE STRUCTURES: None. in the subsegment, lie 11 miles west of the mainland marshes. 2 Suggested Action: None. SHORELANDS TYPE OTHER SHORE STRUCTURES: On upper Muddy Creek, at- FASTLAND: Low shore,, very little of the fast- tempts have been made in the past year or two to land area is above 5 feet. dredge canals and make a development on the SHORE: Extensive marsh - 1,607 acres, in- marsh. There is a good boat launching ramp and cluding 14 acres on lower Bernard Island and 3 a good finger pier on the creek, but the canals acres on Upper Bernard Island. There are a few appeared abandoned in the fall of 1973. Three arcuate, wooded ridges with up to 5-foot eleva- buildings had been erected in the area (Photos tions scattered through Byrds Marsh ("Carolina AC-10D-490, 535, 66G to 69G). An older building Bays"). There are medium to narrow sand beaches with a short alongside pier are located a few around the islands, but none on the mainland. hundred feet down stream. NEARSHORE: Wide, shallow and sandy. It extends to Guilford Flats, 4 nautical miles westsouth- POTENTIAL USE ENHANCEMENT: Low. The fastland is west of the mainland shore. too low for residential development and the marsh should be retained in its natural state SHORELANDS USE as a bank for aquatic food supplies. Such de- FASTLAND: Unmanaged, wooded. velopments as have been attempted at the end of SHORE: Hunting, fishing in the channels, and Route 685 should be discouraged. boating. MAPS: USGS, 7.5 Min.Ser. (Topo.), PARKSLEY and NEARSHORE: Sport fishing near the outer margin SAXIS Quadrs., 1968. and shellfishing. C&GS, #568, 1:40,000 scale, CHESAPEAKE BAY, OFFSHORE BOTTOM: Pocomoke Sound, with depths av- Pocomoke and Tangier Sounds, 1972. eraging only 15 feet, is 3-21 nautical miles wide PHOTOS: Aerial-VIMS 1OOct72 AC-10D-161, 162; off Byrds Marsh. VIMS 9Apr73 AC-10D-490 to 492, AC-11A-529, WIND AND SEA EXPOSURE: Shore orientation is NW - AC-10D-530 to 535. 1 SE to NE - SW. Fetch from the NW is 72 miles, Ground VIMS 20Sep73 AC-10D-66G to 69G. from the W is 7 miles, and from the SW is 8 miles. These are all over fairly shallow water. OWNERSHIP: Private. FLOOD HAZARD: High, noncritical. There are a few camps located on the marshes, but no permanent residences. WATER QUALITY: Satisfactory. BEACH QUALITY: There are no beaches on the main- land. Those on the Bernard Islands are fair to 54 MICHAEL MARSH, ACCOMACK COUNTY, VIRGINIA BEACH QUALITY: Poor. There is a very limited FREESCHOOL MARSH, ACCOMACK COUNTY, VIRGINIA SUBSEGMENT-11A (Maps 11) amount of narrow and thin sand beach frontage SUBSEGMENT 11B (Maps 11 and 12) on Messongo Creek. The creek bottom is not particularly attractive to bathing, and the EXTENT: Approximately 10,000 feet (1-9 mi.) along sites are inaccessible. EXTENT: Approximately 25,000 feet (4.7 mi.) along the shore-fastland boundary between Cattail SHORE EROSION SITUATION the shore-fastland boundary between Messongo Creek and Messongo Creek. The shoreline perim- EROSION RATE: Moderate, noncritical. The VIMS Creek and Holdens Creek. The shoreline perim- eter is about 10 miles, excluding the smaller historical erosion study shows an erosion rate eter is about 19 miles, omitting smaller coves. coves and bends in the creeks. of 1.3 to 1.7 feet per year along that part of This subsegment comprises the peninsula south the shore facing Beasley Bay. Comparison of of Pocomoke Sound, on which the town of Saxis SHORELANDS TYPE aerial photographs since 1938 show little indi- is located. It is bounded on the east by Route FASTLAND: Low shore. The 5-foot contour is cation of recent erosion. 698 which runs north from Tims Point on Messongo 1 to 2 miles inland from the marsh boundary. ENDANGERED STRUCTURES: None. Creek to near the mouth of Holdens Creek. SHORE: Extensive marsh - 2,189 acres (90") SHORE PROTECTIVE STRUCTURES: None. with occasional wooded, arcuate ridges, some SHORELANDS TYPE reaching 5 feet, and embayed marsh - 28 acres Suggested Action: None. FASTLAND: Low shore. Except in the northern (1%). There is only about 500 feet of thin third, the 5-foot contour is a mile or more back sand beach, located on Messongo Creek, one OTHER SHORE STRUCTURES: There is one alongside from the marsh edge. The central prominent stretch near South Point and another opposite pier and a nearby footbridge on a branch off feature of the fastland is an arcuate, low-re- Dicks Point. Cattail Creek at the end of Route 792 (Photo lief ridge system over a mile in diameter (a NEARSHORE: Wide. It is 4 to 5 miles to Poco- AC-11A-70G). No other structures were noted "Carolina Bay"), with marsh in the middle and moke Sound channel. Natural channels, with on the shore of the subsegment. habitations built along the ridges. depths to 8 feet, approach Messongo and Cattail SHORE: Primarily extensive marsh - 3,900 acres Creeks across the nearshore. Deeper spots are POTENTIAL USE ENHANCEMENT: Low. Almost the total (87%), embayed marsh - 103 acres (2%), fringe muddy, shoal areas are hard sand. marsh is set aside as part of the Saxis Wildlife marsh in scattered reaches - 4 acres (1%), iso- Management Area. The adjacent fastland area lated fastland area of Saxis Island on the west- SHORELANDS USE is low and suitable for timber production. The ern side of Freeschool Marsh - 250 acres (6%), FASTLAND: Unmanaged, wooded (80%), and agri- creeks are shallow and, being within or adjacent and various sand areas in the southwestern part cultural (20%). to the wildlife sanctuary, should not be ex- of the subsegment - 200 acres (4). There are SHORE:. Wildlife sanctuary. ploited. numerous ponds and streams throughout the marsh NEARSHORE: Sport fishing in the outer part, area and occasional wooded hummocks. Sand shellfishing, and a minor amount of boat traf- MAPS: USGS, 7.5 Min.Ser. (Topo.), SAXIS and beach, of varying width, length and quality fic into the creeks. PARKSLEY Quadrs., 1968. occupies about 23,000 feet of the shoreline. C&GS, #568, 1:40,000 scale, CHESAPEAKE BAY, About 13,000 feet occur on the westerly shores, OFFSHORE BOTTOM: Pocomoke Sound lies about 7 Pocomoke and Tangier Sounds, 1972. about 600 feet on the southerly shore (on miles to the weot. It has a width of about 2 Beasley Bay), and 9,300 feet on the northerly nautical miles in the offshore part and maxi- PHOTOS: Aerial-VIMS 1OOct72 AC-10D-161, AC-11A-162 shore between Robin Hood Bay and Holdens Creek. mum depths of 26 feet. to 164; NEARSHORE: Wide. All of Pocomoke Sound north VIMS 9Apr73 AC-10D-492, AC-11A-493 to 497, of Long Point is shallower than 12 feet and is WIND AND SEA EXPOSURE: The main shoreline trends AC-11B-498, AC-11A-529. thus considered as nearshore area. This is in the subsegment are NE - SW and NW - SW. also true of Beasley Bay to the south of the Fetch from the SW is 6 nautical miles, from Ground VIMS 20Sep73 AC-11A-70G. subsegment. The bottom is generally hard sand the W is 9 miles, from the NW is 1 to 2 miles. or shell except in embayments such as Drum Bay, Back Creek, Starling Creek and Robin Hood Bay OWNERSHIP: Private. where it is muddy. Directly off the beach at Saxis there are 4 or 5 series of sub-parallel FLOOD HAZARD: High, noncritical. No structures sand bars. are noted in the shore area. Fastland resi- dences, although they are low, are shielded by SHORELANDS USE a wide expanse of marsh and some fastland. FASTLAND: In the mainland area, unmanaged, wooded (69%), and agricultural (29%). On Saxis WATER QUALITY: Satisfactory. island, residential (0), and commercial (10%). 55 SHORE: About 80% of Freeschool Marsh is a wild- Long Point has grown between 1959 and 1967, and OTHER SHORE STRUCTURES: At Tims Point on Messongo life management area. Also there is access to the spit southeast of North End Point has in- Creek (end of Route 698) there are two finger boats, shore recreation (campground east of Flag creased in length to the southeast by about 200 piers, and a primitive boat launching ramp, Pond Landing), and the shellfish industry. feet since 1938, but it has decreased in width useful only at high water. (Photos AC-11B-71G Piers occur at Hammock Landing, Starling Creek, in that time. and 72G). At Hammock Landing (end of Route 788) the inlet off Robin Hood Bay, and Shad Landing. ENDANGERED STRUCTURES: Severe erosion on both there is a good paved ramp with a short bulkhead NEARSHORE: Fishing, shellfishing, and boating. sides of the spit southeast of North End Point at the downstream side. There are two or three has endangered the house at that location. A crab industry operations with a half dozen piers, WIND AND SEA EXPOSURE: The predominant shoreline camp at the east side of Starling Creek is also some equipped with lights and holding trays for trends are E - W7 SW - NE, and E - W again. on the very edge of the bank and any amount of peeleIrs and soft shell crabs. Nearby are boat The fetch from N is 1 to 2 miles, very shallow, erosion there might cause it to collapse. skids for maintenance of smaller boats (Photos from NW is 3 to 4 miles, shallow, from W is 5 SHORE PROTECTIVE STRUCTURES: There is 1,100 AC-11B-528, 74G to 79G). At Starling Creek, miles, and from SW is 9 to 10 miles. feet of plank and pile bulkheading in Starling Saxis, in addition to the before-mentioned bulk- OWNERSHIP: Private. Creek at Saxis. (Photo AC-11B-97G). On the head, there is another 200 feet or so leading to- Sound side, another 700 feet of wooden bulkhead ward the inner basin in fair condition, and runs northeast from Starling Creek entrance. about 500 feet of the westerly side of the FLOOD HAZARD: Medium, critical in the Saxis area, These bulkheads are in good condition, but the inner basin is bulkheaded. There are 24 finger where most residences are above 5 feet elevation, northeast end of the sound side bulkhead is piers and dolphins for tying up small craft in but seldom above 7 feet. At the north end of being flanked. Attempts have been made to the basin. (Photo AC-11B-101G). There is a town and in the marshes in general the hazard retard the flanking by placing trash riprap in good paved and bulkheaded boat launching ramp is high, and critical to those residences and the affected portion. The spit southeast of on the harbor just inside the Starling Creek shoreside shellfish industries located barely 2 North End Point is subject to erosion on both entrance (Photo AC-11B-191G). At North End or 3 feet above mean sea level. Surge from sides. Three plank groins are located on the Point canals were dug a few years ago for a de- large storms could inundate the marsh and effec- .outside near the house. These were effective velopment, but were abandoned (Photo AC-11B- tively cut Saxis off from the rest of the coun- in the past, but 2 have been flanked and are 183). There are boat skids on the beach inside ty. In the low fastland area near Sanford, now derelict. (Photo AC-11B-200). Inside the North End Point (Photo AC-11B-84G). Southeast homes are also in some danger of flooding, but spit there is about 100 feet of partially suc- of North End Point on Robin Hood Bay there is there is considerable buffer zone between them cessful bulkheading protecting the house. Re- an entrance canal to a channel alongside the and the open water. mains of older bulkheading lie off-shore from highway (Photo AC-11B-201). There is some crude the present bulkhead. (Photo AC-11B-200). At bulkheading on the southeast side of the en- WATER QUALITY: Satisfactory. the head of the cove formed by'the spit there trance canal and fair bulkheading along the is a 75-foot heavy timber bulkhead, used to re- canal paralleling the road (Photos AC-11B-80G BEACH QUALITY: Although inaccessible, the best tain shore fill. At Flag Pond Landing there to 82G). The bulkheading on the far side of beaches are in the vicinity of Long Point at are 3 or 4 plank groins, two new, the others the canal from the road is poor. There is a the southwest extremity of the subsegment. in disrepair, plus about 150 feet of rotting public launching ramp at Shad Landing, an Beaches along the Saxis waterfront are poor, bulkhead with trash-rubble riprap behind. oyster shucking plant and a bulkheaded boat narrow and debris-laden (Photos AC-11B-89G, 90G). (Photos AC-11B-212, 1-05G to 108G). About 500 slip (Photos AC-11B-102G to 104G). At Flag This is also true of the beach areas between feet east of the ramp at Flag Pond Landing Pond Landing there is a crude boat launching Flag Pond Landing and Holdens Creek (Photos there is approximately 150 feet of plank bulk- ramp, paved with concrete blocks, suitable for AC-11B-110G, 112G). head with heavy concrete riprap in front and a launching at only high water. SHORE EROSION SITUATION groin extending out from the point. The riprap and bulkhead appear to be effective, the groin POTENTIAL USE ENHANCEMENT: low. Nearly the whole EROSION RATE: Severe to moderate, generally not is useless. A very rudimentary but ineffective of Freeschool Marsh is set aside as a wildlife critical along the exposed shores of the subseg- bulkhead and groin system has been attempted refuge. Saxis Island is very limited in area, ment. The VIMS historical erosion survey shows at Tall Pines Campground. has no satisfactory beaches, and is probably de- erosion rates of 3.2 feet per year between Pig veloped to near its maximum for shellfish in- Point and North End Point, 4.9 feet per year be- Suggested Action: There is a major erosion dustry and supporting population. Camping tween North End Point and Starling Creek, (Saxis problem at Saxis and a detailed study is needed facilities are being developed on the fastland waterfront), 3.6 and 4.4 feet per year between to determine the best course of action. Without near the shore in the northeastern part of the Starling Creek and Long Point, and 1.9 feet per a coordinated plan, the remedial measures now subsegment, and could perhaps be increased, but year between Long Point and Back Creek. There employed will require constant maintenance. the adjacent beaches are poor. The one area of has been a small amount of accretion in the sub- potential development may be in increasing the segment. The northeast trending spit east of 56 yachting trade at Saxis. The inner boat basin JOLLEYS NECK, ACCOMACK COUNTY, VIRGINIA WATER QUALITY: Most of the waters in this subseg- is suitable for this, and shore facilities in- ment have been determined unsatisfactory. cluding showers, stores and restaurants might SUBSEGMENT 11C (Maps 12, 13, and 14) be developed. BEACH QUALITY: The few beaches in this subsegment MAPS: USGS, 7.5 Min.Ser. (Topo.), SAXIS Quadr., EXTENT: Approximately 26@000 feet (4-9 mi.) along are isolated@sand pockets, occur back of tidal 1968. the shore-fastland boundary from Holdens Creek flats and are inaccessible. C&GS, #568, 1:40,000 scale, CHESAPEAKE BAY, to the Virginia - Maryland border. SHORE EROSION SITUATION Pocomoke and Tangier Sotinds, 1972. SHORELANDS TYPE EROSION RATE: Slight to none, noncritical. PHOTOS: Aerial-VIMS 1OOct72 AC-11A-164, AC-11B- FASTLAND: Low shore, penetrated by long, The VIMS historical erosion survey records no winding creeks in the northerly half, smaller erosion of the shores of the subsegment. Com- 165 to 183, 201 to 213; parison between 1938 and 1960 vertical aerial VIMS 18Dec72 AC-11B-498 to 511, 528. creeks to the south. The 5-foot contour lies photos does indicate some very slight losses near the marsh edge, the 10-foot contour is just north of the mouth of Holdens Creek. Ground VIMS 27Sep73 AC-11B-71G to 112G; well back, usually a mile or more. ENDANGERED STRUCTURES: None. VIMS 310ct73 AC-11B-190G@ 191G. SHORE: Total marsh comprises 2,543 acres. Ex- SHORE PROTECTIVE STRUCTURES: There is about 100 tensive marsh with some fastland "islands" com- feet of plank bulkheading on Holdens Creek near prises 1,818 acres (72%), embayed marsh on the the end of Route 698, apparently emplaced to re- creeks penetrating the fastland - 716 acres tain fill placed on the creek edge. At the end (27%), and fringe marsh bordering parts of the of Route 709 on Pitts Neck there is about 50 creeks - 9 acres (1%). There is about 500 feet feet of concrete rubble riprap protecting the of thin, narrow sand beach in isolated pockets road end against erosiori at the bend in the in the southerly third of the subsegment. Pocomoke River (Photo AC-11C-116G). There also NEARSHORE: Pocomoke Sound lies to the west of is about 30 feet of plank bulkhead between the the lower half of the subsegment. The bottom riprap and the boat ramp. For the present, is shallow and muddy. Depths of less than 6 these measures appear adequate. feet prevail to 3-2L nautical miles off the shore. Pocomoke River borders the upper half of the OTHER SHORE STRUCTURES: In Holdens Creek at Route subsegment. Depths range between 10 and 35 698 there are two finger piers and three short feet in the channel, which sometimes occurs marine railways in addition to the bulkhead close to the bank. The bottom is generally previously mentioned (Photos AC-11C-113G to muddy. The creeks are shallow .and muddy. 115G). On Pitts Neck, at the end of Route 709, SHORELANDS USE there is a public boat launching ramp into the FASTLAND: Agricultural (75%) and unmanaged, Pocomoke River, flanked by short, wooden piers (Photo AC-110-117G). wooded (25%). SHORE: Hunting, shellfishingg and access to POTENTIAL USE ENHANCEMENT: low. There are no boating. beaches, the nearshore is shallow, and extensive NEARSHORE: Some fishing and boat traffic, marsh lies between a low, flat fastland and the particularly in Pocomoke River. water. The creeks are shallow and winding and WIND AND SEA EXPOSURE: The general shore trend is not suitable to transient navigation. Agricul- N - S. The fetch from the W in the southerly ture appears to be the best use for the present. half is 8-21 nautical milesq over shallow water. Care should be exercised to prevent agricultural OWNERSHIP: Private. wastes from entering the creeks and the sound. MAPS: USGS, 7.5 Min.Ser. (Topo.), SAXIS and FLOOD HAZARD: High, noncritical over the marshes; HALLWOOD Quadrs., 1968. medium, noncritical, in general, in the fast- C&GS, #568, 1:40,000 scale, CHESAPEAKE BAY, land areas, which are buffered by the marshes. Pocomoke and Tangier Sounds, 1972. There appear to be no residences below the 5- foot contour. 57 PHOTOS: Aerial-VIMS lOOct72 AC-11B-213, AC-11C- 214 to 218; VIMS 9Apr73 AC-11C-512 to 527. Ground VIMS 27Sep73 AC-11C-113G to 117G. 58 TANGIER ISLAND, ACCOMACK COUNTY, VIRGINIA Island. Dry areas on the other islands are un- narrow and thin, due to continuous erosion. The SUBSEGMENT 12A (Maps 16) managedg wooded. There is a Small farm on East sand beaches of Cod Harbor Spit are medium width,, Point Marsh occupying about 5% of the upland. being depositional in nature, but also contin- SHORE: Crab industry, other commercial and ually shifting eastward. These beaches are EXTENT: The Tangier Island subsegment includes boating interests occupy about 0.9 miles of the rated good, but are presently inaccessible. Tangier Island, Fishbone Island, Goose Island, shoreline (2.5%), mostly on South Tangier. Upper Tump and various small neighboring islets. There are approximately a half dozen pound net SHORE EROSION SITUATION Total island area in 1968 was approximately installations on the northeast shore of Goose EROSION RATE: Severe, critical along the west 1,135 acres, divided as follows: Tangier north Island5 and hunting or fishing camps at the shore of South Tangier Island. Severe also of Channel - 431 acres, Tangier south of Chan- northeast end of North Tangier Island. Surf along the west shores of North Tangier and casting from North Tangier beaches, during the Goose Islands and along the' northeast shore of nel - 428 acres, East Point Marsh - 110 acres, summer and fall. East Point Marsh. The remaining shoreline is Cod Harbor Spit - 65 acres, and Goose Island NEARSHORE: Sport fishing, shellfishing, in- more or less stable with the exception of Cod and neighbors 101 acres. Greatest length of cluding an extensive crab industry, and local Harbor Spit, which is gradually shifting east- the group is about 32,000 feet (6.1 mi.), and boat traffic. ward, while the far end remains fixed in posi- maximum width is 9,000 feet (1-7 mi.). The tion with minor losses and gains. Comparison total shoreline length is 36 miles. The island OFFSHORE BOTTOM: Deepens gradually, but irregu- between the 1942 and 1968 editions of the USGS group lies in Chesapeake Bay, 8 nautical miles larly, to about 30 feet over a distance of 3-2L Topographic Quadrangles gives an average rate westnorthwest of the nearest mainland point in nautical miles from the western shore. To the of loss of 13 feet per year on the western the county at'Big Marsh. south and east-' to 1 mile offshore, Tangier shore and 10 feet per year at the northeast 2 SHORE1A.NDS TYPE Sound deepens Sharply from 12 to 70 feet. The side of East Point Marsh. Comparison of the FASTLAND: Low shore. There are some sand areas Chesapeake Bay bottom to the west is mostly 1968 Quadrangle with recent VIMS aerial photo- on all of the islands, but the principal dry hard, sand or shell. In Tangier Sound it is graphs (Photos AC-12A-1080 to 1085) indicates land areas are south of Tangier North Channel. Soft mud. that present erosion in the vicinity of the These occur as a series of four north-south airstrip is approximately 25 feet per year. 11ridges" in the marsh. These range from 1,700 WIND AND SEA EXPOSURE: The island group is roughly ENDANGERED STRUCTURES: The south end of the to 6,100 feet in length and up to 1,300 feet triangular, with a N - S trending shore on the airstrip, and indeed the southerly part of-the wide. Elevations are generally 3 feet or less, west, a NW - SE trending shore at the NE and West Ridge with its two dozen or more resi and a 5-foot contour is found only in a small a NE - SW trending shore at the SE. Cod Harbor dences, is in considerable jeopardy, if ade- area at the north end of Canton Ridge. There Spit trends SW - SE. The western shore has quate measures are not soon taken to stem the are shade trees on the "ridges", elsewhere veg- a fetch from the NW of 21 nautical miles, from erosion. etation is mostly shrubs and herbaceous plants. the W of 11 miles, from the SW of 18 miles, the SHORE PROTECTIVE STRUCTURES: There were no pro- SHORE: Extensive marsh - 851 acres (Goose northeast shore has a NE fetch of 5 miles and tective structures along the western shore in Island 90, Tangier North - 393, Tangier the southeast shore a fetch of 9 miles. September 1973. There is about 2,500 feet of South 290, Cod Harbor Spit - 11, East Point timber bulkhead around the harbor area of Marsh 67). This comprises 75% of the land OWNERSHIP: Private. Tangier serving both to prevent erosion and to area in the subsegment. Sand beach comprises FLOOD HAZARD: Medium, critical except for the un- retain fill at the water's edge. At the lagoon 15% (5i miles) of the shoreline, which occurs entrance at the northwest side of East Point mostly along the west side of the islands; the inhabited marshes which are noncritical. Tangier Marsh, there is a 200-foot combination pier remainder is marsh. fsland is particularly critical where 99% of the and jetty on the southwest side of the entrance NEARSHORE: Wide, except the east side, which residential and business areas of the south and a 300-foot bulkhead on the northeast side. is intermediate. Average nearshore depth is 9 island are below 5 feet in elevation. The con- Inside the entrance there is a dock area with feet. The approach to Tangier North Channel tinued existence of the island community owes another 150 feet of bulkheading. This all from the west is dredged to a controlling depth itself to the fact that Tangier is an island, appears to be of wood and in. good condition. of 5 feet. The approach from the northeast and as such, permits storm surge to sweep around (between the north part of Tangier Island and its shores, rather than building up as it would Suggested Action: The west side of Tangier, East Point Marsh) is dredged to a controlling against a mainland shore. particularly South Tangier Island, is experi- 1 encing serious erosion. An immediate study depth of 32 feet. WATER QUALITY: Unsatisfactory due to the direct needs to be made of the problem, with early SHORELAN-DS USE sewage discharge. recommendations for action. This may take the FASTLAND: Residential (80%) and commercial form of bulkheading or riprapping for the whole (20%), mostly on the "ridges" of South Tangier BEACH QUALITY: Poor along most of the shores of length of the island if lasting results are to Tangier. The sand beach, where it exists, is be achieved. For the immediate future, rip- 59 rapping at the end of the airstrip should at PHOTOS: Aerial-VIMS 18Dec72 AC-12A-219 to 245; SMITH ISLAND, ACCOMACK COUNTY, VIRGINIA least deter the loss of part of the runway until VIMS 11Sep73 AC-12A-1057 to 1124. SUBSEGMENT 12B (Maps 15 and 17) a more permanent solution can be applied. No action is recommended for Cod Harbor Spit as it is presently undeveloped, and adequate long term erosion control would be economically in- EXTENT: Subsegment 12B includes that part of the feasible. Smith Island group south of the Maryland boun- dary. It is situated on a shoal area extending OTHER SHORE STRUCTURES: There are a half dozen southward from the eastern shore of Maryland, pound net installations at the northeast side between Chesapeake Bay on the west and Tangier Sound on the east. It lies 5 nautical miles of Goose Island. At the north end of North north of Tangier and 7 nautical miles west of Tangier Island there is a hunting camp with a the Maryland shore in the Crisfield area. In- pier and a long catwalk across the marsh and cluded are Cheesema Island, Shanks Island, Hog shore area (Photo AC-12A-1065). In the harbor Neck, South Point Marsh, Fishing Creek Marsh, area of Tangier there are approximately 24 Horse Hammock and various small islets asso- piers and wharves on the south side of the chan- ciated with the foregoing. Total area is ap- nel, 4 on the north; a marina north of the air- proximately 917 acres. The shoreline length strip; marine railways or skidways either side is about 42 miles. of the channel; numerous moorings and about a dozen crab pounds in the harbor either side of SHORELANDS TYPE the northeast channel (see Photo AC-12A-1076). FASTLAND: None exists. There are also small piers and landings in the SHORE: Extensive marsh - 866 acres (94%) and various creeks of South Tangier, and one pier sand areas - 51 acres (6%). The marshland is extending northwest inside the hook of Cod greatly broken u .p by winding creeks, accounting Harbor Spit. An overhead power cable extends for the great length of shoreline. down the island chain from Maryland to Tangier. NEARSHORE: Wide, generally sandy or gravelly Lighted and day beacons mark both entrance chan- sand bottom. nels to Mailboat Harbor at Tangier. Tangier Sound Light is located one nautical mile south- SHORELANDS USE east of Cod Harbor Spit. SHORE: Waterfowl hunting. POTENTIAL USE ENHANCEMENT: Low. Living area on NEARSHORE: Sport fishing. Tangier is very limited and fully occupied. OFFSHORE BOTTOM: Chesapeake Bay, with channel Development of overnight or extended stay depths of 90 to 100 feet lies to the west. The tourist facilities would probably destroy the slope from the nearshore zone is gentle to about very culture that makes Tangier interesting to 50 feet, then somewhat steeper to the channel the outsider. Furthermore, the erosion problem bottom. Tangier Sound, with depths of 75 to 95 is so serious that no steps should be taken to feet, lies to the east. At Tangier Sound the increase the population load on the islands slope is gentle to 18 feet then it is quite steep until they can be stabilized. An increase in to the channel bottom. The slope bottoms are marina facilities would be the least detrimental generally hard, the channel bottoms muddy. development activity that could be undertaken, provided, of course, that refuse disposal could WIND AND SEA EXPOSURE: The primary island orien- be handled properly. tation is N - S. Fetch from the NW is 16 nau- tical miles, from the W is 20 miles, from the MAPS: USGS, 7.5 Min.Ser. (Topo.), TANGIER ISLAND, SW is 20 miles, from the E is 6 miles and from EWELL and GREAT FOX ISLAM Quadrs., 1968; and the SE is 10 miles. TANGIER Quadr., 1942. C&GS@ #5689 1:40,000 scale,.CHESAPEAKE BAY, OWNERSHIP: Private. Pocomoke and Tangier Sounds, 1972. FLOOD HAZARD: High, noncritical. Elevations do not exceed 5 feet, but there are no residences on the 60 islands. WATTS AND FOX ISLANDS, ACCOMACK COUNTY, VIRGINIA Island is narrow (1 mi.) and deep (95 ft.), with WATER QUALITY: Satisfactory. SUBSEGMENT 12C (Maps 15) steep slopes. To the northeast the sound fans out and becomes shallower. In the off-shore BEACH QUALITY: None are accessible to the general area the sound is approximately 1 mile with public. Of the 12,300 feet of sand beach on Hog EXTENT: These islands lie on a shoal which extends gentle slopes and depths up to 100 feet. Neck, 900 feet are poor. The Cheeseman Islands southerly from the Crisfield area of the eastern WIND AND SEA EXPOSURE: The general trend of the have 4,400 feet of fair to good sand beach. shore of Maryland to a point approximately 8 island group is N - S. NE fetches are 9 to 12 The Shanks group have fair sand beach for about nautical miles south of the Maryland - Virginia nautical miles; fetches from E are 3 to 9 miles; 7,000 feet. boundary. Tangier Sound lies to the west and SE are 4 to 8 miles; S is 10 miles, SW are 5 Pocomoke Sound to the east. The Fox Islands to 25 miles, W are 4 to 5 miles; and NW are 5 SHORE EROSION SITUATION group including Clump Island (31 acres), Does to 6 miles. EROSION RATE: Moderate to severe, noncritical. Hammock (1 acre), Green Harbor Island (5 acres), The westerly shorelines are being eroded east- Great Fox Island (86 acres), and Little Fox OWNERSHIP: Private. ward at 2 to 4 feet per year. Some of the sand Island (6 acres), lie in the upper third of the derived is being deposited to the south. Both subsegment. Watts Island (179 acres) lies in FLOOD HAZARD: Medium, noncritical. The land is Cheeseman and Shanks Islands have grown south the lower third. There is a total shoreline generally low and might be overrun by storm several thousand feet in 30 years. There is length of approximately 1L>4-' miles. surge waters. There are no residences or bus- no significant erosion on the marshes to the inesses in the subsegment. east. SHORELANDS TYPE ENDANGERED STRUCTURES: None. FASTLAND- Low shore. The only fastland in the WATER QUALITY: SatisfactQry. SHORE PROTECTIVE STRUCTURES: None. subsegment consists of two short, wooded ridges along the east side of Watts Island. Maximum BEACH QUALITY: Fair to poor. Almost all of the Suggested Action: No action is recommended as elevations are 6 feet. beaches are erosional, hence thin and narrow. the islands are uninhabited. SHORE: Extensive marsh - 187 acres (71%), sand Those on the east shore of Watts Island are areas 76 acres (29%). The marshland is pene- debris laden also. The beaches are inaccessible OTHER SHORE STRUCTURES: A power line traverses trated by creeks and ponds. Sand beach, mostly to the general public. the subsegment from north to south on the west- narrow and frequently interrupted by peat out- ern side. There is one pier in disrepair at crops, occurs along 16,900 feet of the shore- SHORE EROSION SITUATION the north end of Cheeseman Island, and there line in the area. Watts Island has 11,500 feet EROSION RATE: Moderate to severe, noncritical. are several po-md net installations extending of sand beach equally divided between the west The VIMS historical erosion study for the is- into Spain Cove at the south end of Hog Neck. and the east shores; little Fox has 600 feet lands of the subsegment indicates a loss of One fishing camp is located near the water on dispersed in several small pocket beaches; the approximately 1 - 2 acres per year for the major South Point Marsh near South Point. Great Fox group has 2,600 feet of sand beach islands. A comparison between 1938 photos, the dispersed along the west shore; and Clump Island 1968 topographic quadrangles, and the 1973 VIMS POTENTIAL USE ENHANCEMENT: Low. No development has 2,200 feet of sand beach, two thirds of aerial photos indicates a considerable loss, of any sort should be considered for this sub- which is along the west shore; the remaining particularly in the Little Fox Islands, where segment. The elevations are low, with conse- third occurs along the north shore. the north islet has disappeared completely, quent high flood hazard, and the total area NEARSHORE: Wide, generally shoaler than 6 feet leaving only a shoal. It appears that the west falls within the definition of wetlands. in the south, 4 feet in the north. The central shore of Watts Island is eroding at a rate of third of the subsegment is shoal areaq much of about 10 feet per year. MAPS: USGS, 7.5 Min.Ser. (Topo.), EWELL and GREAT it only 2 feet deep. Shoaler areas are sand ENDANGERED STRUCTURES: None. FOX ISLAND Quadrs., 1968. and gravelly. SHORE PROTECTIVE STRUCTURES: None. C&GS, #568, 1:40,000 scale, CHESAPEAKE BAY, Pocomoke and Tangier Sounds, 1972. SHORELANDS USE Suggested Action: As the subsegment is not in- FASTLAND: Unmanaged, wooded. habited, and there are more pressing erosion PHOTOS: Aerial-VIMS 11Sep73 AC-12B-1021 to 1056. SHORE: Largely unused. There is,one hunting problems elsewhere in the segment, no action and fishing lodge located near Planner Cove in is recommended. the Great Fox Islands. NEARSHORE: Sport fishing, particularly in the OTHER SHORE STRUCTURES: There is a hunting and vicinity of Watts Island. fishing lodge built on pilings on the southeast OFFSHORE BOTTOM: Pocomoke Sound east off Watts part of Great Fox Island. 61 POTENTIAL USE ENHANCEMENT: Low. The islands are small, mostly marsh, eroding rapidly and are comparatively inaccessible. At present it is recommended that no attempts at any form of exploitation or development be considered. MAPS: USGS, 7.5 Min.Ser. (Topo.), GREAT FOX ISLAND and TANGIER ISLAND Quadrs., 1968. C&GS, #568, 1:40,000 scale, CHESAPEAKE BAY, Pocomoke and Tangier Sounds, 1972. PHOTOS: Aerial-VIMS 18Dec72 AC-12C-245; VIMS 11Sep73 AC-12C-997 to 1020. 62 MACHIPONGO RIVER, ACCOMA.CK COUNTY, VIRGINIA the segment and most of those are above the 5- unacceptable damage to the marsh. There is not SEGMENT 13 (Maps 28, 29, 30 and 31) foot contour. much potential for increased shellfish industry WATER QUALITY: Satisfactory. as mooring space is very limited, and both Willis Wharf and Quinby offer greater conven- EXTENT: This segment includes those parts of the ience. Family campgrounds are being developed, Machipongo River and Parting Creek in Accomack BEACH QUALITY: Poor. At Machipongo Shores there but are hampered .somewhat by lack of beaches. County, Moreland Swamp and the western half of is 200 feet of medium to narrow width beach with Upshur Neck. Length is approximately 11-21 miles wide tidal flats in front. MAPS: USGS, 7.5 Min.Ser. (Topo.), EXMORE, from Hog Island Bay to the head of the river NASSAWADOX and WACHAPREAGUE Qaadrs., 1968. marshes. SHORE EROSION SITUATION C&GS, #1221, 1:80,000 scale, CHINCOTEAGUE IN. EROSION RATE: Slight to none, noncritical. to GREAT MACHIPONGO IN., 1970. SHOREIANDS TYPE There is a little bank erosion of the southeast FASTLAND: Low shore. Comprised mainly of bank of the Machipongo River 1 or 2 miles below PHOTOS: Aerial-VIMS 18Dec72 AC-13-246 to 248; northeast trending necks, rarely above 10 feet Quinby Bridge. It appears to be only occasional, VIMS 20Mar73 AC-13-270 to 295, AC-14-296 to 307. in elevation. On the mainland side the land probably only with a strong northwest wind on slopes gently up to 15 feet for -1 to 1 mile in- higher than normal tides. Ground VIMS 1Nov73 AC-13-236 to 242. 2 ENDANGERED STRUCTURES: None. land, then there is a much steeper terrace to SHORE PROTECTIVE STRUCTURES: There is about 50 25 or 30 feet. feet of poorly constructed bulkhead at the north SHORE: The shore is marsh, of which 1,284 side of a dredged inlet a mile south of Quinby, acres are exten8ive marsh, 986 acres are em- on the east side of the river. At Machipongo bayed marsh,- and 148 acres are fringe marsh. Shores there is a 75-foot flimsy bulkhead Approximately 200 feet of sand beach were noted attempting to keep sand from covering a ramp at Machipongo Shores. The extensive marsh is just downstream. It is breached and sand is dissected by many small creeks and winding leaking through to the ramp. At Quinby Bridge streams. there is about 600 feet of concrete rubble rip- NEARSHORE: Within upper Parting Creek the near- rap on both sides of the causeway west of the shore is shallow and muddy. The Machipongo bridge span. River has a 300 to 800-foot wide channel to Quinby Bridge (Route 182). Depths range from Suggested Action: There is no urgency for 50 feet near Hog Island Bay to 4 feet a mile action here, but both above-mentioned bulkheads and a half below the bridge. Shallow tidal might be strengthened. flats border the channel over most of the length of the river. OTHER SHORE STRUCTURES: There are about half a SHORELANDS USE dozen wooden finger piers in the segment. There FASTLAND: Unmanaged, wooded (70%), agricul- is about 300 feet of wooden bulkhead and piers tural (25%) and recreational campground on lower along the causeway west of Quinby Bridge. Three Upshur Neck (3%), and residential development at finger -piers also occur hereq. servicing some Machipongo Shores (2%). shellfish businesses (Photos AC-13-278, 236G and SHORE: Limited beach recreation, boat mooring 237G). There is a dug basin on the west side of and access, and waterfowl hunting. Parting Creek just above the county line, ap- NEARSHORE: Boat traffic to Willis Wharf and parently being developed for a small marina Quinby Bridge, and shellfishing. (Photos AC-13-270, 240G and 242G). Near the southerly tip of Upshur Neck there is a dredged OWNERSHIP: Private. inlet from the river to a 200-foot bulkhead across the end for boat mooring (Photo AC-13- FLOOD HAZARD: Medium near the bay to low farther 294). There is a private boat launching ramp upstream, noncritical. There is considerable at Machipongo Shores. protection against excessive storm surge damage POTENTIAL USE ENHANCEMENT: Low. As most of the afforded by the marshes and shallows between shore is marsh, with shallow flats beyond, lit- Upshur Neck and the barrier islands. There are tle can be done to increase shore use without few habitations or businesses near the shore in 63 QUINBY, ACCOMACK COUNTY, VIRGINIA FLOOD HAZARD: High, critical. Several floods in foot bulkhead, standing about 20 feet from the SEGMENT 14 (Maps 26, 28, 29, and 30) the past have inundated large parts of the seg- beach, along the north side of the entrance. ment, the greatest reaching approximately 9 There is 350 feet of bulkheading within the feet above MS1 (Intermediate Regional Tidal basin used to retain vertical banks. There ap- EXTENT: 66,500 feet (12.6 mi.) along the easterly Flood Level). Although none has been recorded, pears to be 100 feet of bulkhead on some pri- fastland-shore between the county line at Machi- weather bureau statistics indicate that a vately dredged canals about a mile north of pongo River and the center of Finney Creek. The flood to 13 feet is possible (Standard Project Quinby. Along the Wachapreague waterfront there segment is considered to include the easterly Tidal Flood). Even at the intermediate level is about 2,500 feet of wooden bulkheading in halves of Upshur and Bradford Necks, fastland extensive damage would result from storm floods, various states of repair at the ends and sides area behind Wachapreague and, arbitrarily, all and account should be takenof this in planning of wharves. Most appear to be in fair to good the marshland between the fastland and the future developments. A flood control dike was condition. There are short timber jetties pro- Intracoastal Waterway. constructed in the 1950's along the east bank tecting the entrances to two marinas. North of Wachapreague Channel opposite the town to of the center of the town there is a 150-foot SHORELANDS TYPE provide some flood protection. area of waterfront, near the street, protected FASTLAND: Low shore. The five-foot contour by concrete rubble riprap. There appear to be occurs within a few score feet of the shore WATER QUALITY: Generally satisfactory except for no serious problems associated with these struc- along the length of the segment. The 10-foot a few isolated restricted areas. tures other than rotting due to age. contour occurs as an elongate ridge, occasion- BEACH QUALITY: Poor. Most of the 2,500 feet of Suggested Action: General maintenance of bulk- ally interrupted by lower elevations, just a few hundred feet behind the 5-foot contour. sand beach is located near the lower end of heads is required. If it is desired to utilize It is seldom over 1,000 feet wide, and ter- Upshur Neck. It is narrow, thin and strewn the beach at Upshur Neck for recreation, arti- minates about 1.7 miles north of the south end with stumps (Photo AC-14-249). This beach is ficial nourishment and some short groins are of Upshur Neck. Wide, low areas lie behind the in a fortunate location in regard to the new suggested. ridge. oceanside campground. With artificial nour- SHORE: Extensive marsh - 6,303 acres (42,900 ishment and a few short groins, it might be OTHER SHORE STRUCTURES: There are three finger feet), fringe marsh - 77 acres (17,900 feet), considerably improved, although the shallow piers on Upshur Neck below Quinby Harbor, two sand beach (2,500 feet), and artificial shore- tidal flats off the beach lessen the desira- attached to bulkheads. At Quinby there is a line (3,200 feet). The marshes are extensively bility of the area for swimming. paved, public boat launching ramp, about 2 channeled by creeks. dozen-fin er piers, and a small railway (Photo NEARSHORE: Mud flats, exposed at low water, SHORE EROSION SITUATION AC-14 1M. In the reach between Quinby and with occasional chann6ls.as deep as 25 feet. EROSION RATE: None to slight, noncritical. No Wachapreague there is an area of dredged basins The nearshore areas are irregular in shape, erosion is evident in comparing 1938 and 1967 and canals off Chalk Pipe Gut, about 1 mile interlocking with areas of extensive marsh. vertical aerial photos over most of the segment. north of Quinby (Photo AC-14-156). At Wacha- The Intracoastal Waterway borders the segment In the sand beach area along the lower part of preague Campers Park, there is a dredged canal, on the east. It has a project depth of 6 feet Upshur Neck there is evidence of slight erosion, alongside pier, mud ramp and bathing area less than 1 foot per year, and a similar magni- (Photo AC-14-257, 232G to 235G). A dredged and is marked with lights and day beacons. 1 Marked channels lead into Wachapreague Harbor tude of loss from the southwest bank of Wacha- basin is found about -ff mile south of Wacha- and Quinby Harbor. preague Channel just southeast of the town. preague, where the spoil was placed on the The southwest bank of Finney Creek, in the marsh and a house recently built on it (Photo SHORELANDS USE vicinity of its junction with Wachapreague AC-14-2589 230G). Wachapreague has a half FASTLAND: Agricultural (80%), recreational Channel, appears to have accreted at a rate of dozen substantial wharves, bulkheaded and filled, (14%), and commercial (6%). about 1 foot per year in the same period. with mooring at the fronts and sometimes at the SHORE: Boat access and mooring, waterfowl ENDANGERED STRUCTURES: None. sides. There are three marinas with accommodations hunting, some bathing and other forms of shore SHORE PROTECTIVE STRUCTURES: Most protective for about 100 boats, a half dozen wooden piers, recreation. structures in the segment serve to protect arti- 3 or more marine railways and a public ramp NEARSHORE: Boating, fishing, and shellfishing. ficial works in the two harbors at Wachapreague (Photos AC-14-259 to 261, 214G to 228G). and Quinby, and at occasional private landings. WIND AND SEA EXPOSURE: The trend of the shoreline There is .a-600-foot, wooden bulkhead (in the POTENTIAL USE ENHANCEMENT: Low. Better mainten- is NE - SW. Where marsh does not blanket the process of being replaced) one-half mile north ance of marine facilities would make both har- area, there are easterly fetches of 1 to 2 of the lower end of Upshur Neck and a 70-foot, bors more attractive. Available waterfront 2 area will not allow for much additional ex- nautical miles. wooden bulkhead 1-1 miles south of Quinby Harbor entrance. Quinby Harbor is a dredged basin ap- pansion. Camping facilities are being devel- OWNERSHIP: Private. proximately 500 feet by 300 feet, with a 400- oped in the segment, but will to some extent 64 be hampered by lack of good beaches, although, this may be offset by the lure of good fishing and waterfowl hunting in the marshes. MAPS: USGS, 7.5 Min.Ser. (Topo.), ACCOMAC, EXNIORE, NASSAWADOX, QUINBY INLET and WACHAPREAGUE Quadrs.y 1968. C&GS, #1221, ItBO1000 scale, CHINCOTEAGUE INLET to GREAT MACHIPONGO INLET, 1970. PHOTOS: Aerial-VIKS 18Dec72 AC-13-246 to 248, AC-14-249 to 261; VIMS 20Mar73 AC-13-279 to 295, AC-14-296 to 313, AC-15-314 to 316. Ground VIKS 1Nov73 AC-14-214G to 235G. 65 BURTONS BAY, ACCOMACK COUNTY, VIRGINIA SHORE EROSION SITUATION Folly Creek. SEGMENT 15 (Maps 25, 26, and 27) EROSION RATE: None to slightq noncritical. The only erosion noted was at Burtons Shore and at POTENTIAL USE ENHANCEMENT: Low. Without good the end of Baylys Neck, where intermittent sand beaches or harbor areas it would seem that this EXTENT: 46,900 feet (8.9 mi.) along the shore- beaches occur. The rate there is quite certainly area is beat suited to present uses such as fastland boundary between the middle of Finney less than a foot per year. No change is observed agriculture, hunting and fishing. The destruc- Creek at the south and Parker Creek at the between 1938 and 1967 aerial photos. The creeks tion of the marshes by diking and spoil fill is north. The Intracoastal Waterway is taken as appear stable, although there is evidence of a deplorable. With the high flood hazard, resi- the easterly boundary of the segment. little erosion at Folly Creek Landing off Route dences built on the spoil would be subject to 651. periodic flooding. SHORELANDS TYPE ENDANGERED STRUCTURES: None. FASTLAND: Low shore. There is a very gentle SHORE PROTECTIVE STRUCTURES: There is a block MAPS: USGS, 7.5 Min.Ser. (Topo.), ACCOMAC, slope, with the 20-foot contour generally more and brick revetment,(at present ineffective, at METOMKIN INLET and WACHAPREAGUE Quadrs.9 1968. than a mile inland from the fastland-shore Folly Creek Landing Photo AC-15-198G). A plank C&GS, #1221, 1:80,000 scale, CHINCOTEAGUE INLET boundary. bulkhead, at:Burtons Shore, which is nearly to GREAT MACHIPONGO INLET, 1972. SHORE: Extensive marsh - 1,136 acres (63%), filled (Photo AC-15-201G). At Edgewater, 1.3 embayed marsh - 658 acres (36%), fringe marsh - miles southwest of Burtons Shore, there is a pri- PHOTOS: Aerial-VIMS 18Dec72 AC-15-262 to 268; 20 acres (1%), and scattered reaches of narrow, vate summer residence with a massive 100-foot VIMS 20Mar73 AC-14-313, AC-15-314 to 339. sand beach - 3,500 feet. concrete seawall in front of the house and about NEARSHORE: Intermediate to wide. Shallow bays 300 feet of concrete riprap protecting the north Ground VIMS 310et73 AC-15-192G to 213G. with mud bottoms, tidal flats, separated by ex- bank of the boat basin just south of the house tensive marsh shore areas. Bounded on the east (Photos AC-15-262, 204G, 206G9 210G). This pro- by the Intracoastal Waterway. tection was primarily necessary because the house was built on fill which had been placed on SHORELARDS USE the shore. Also in the Burtons Shore vicinity FASTLAND: Agricultural (99%), and -residential there is some concrete rabble riprap protecting (1%). both sides of the road (Route 647) where it SHORE: Hunt access to boatingg'some beach crosses an arm of Custis Creek 0.4 miles in from iig the shore. recreation, ( rtons Shore area) and some spoil dumping (Folly Creek). Suggested Action: None. NEARSHORE: Sport fishing, shellfishing, and boat traffic. OTHER SHORE STRUCTURES: There are two finger piers WIND ANT) SEA EXPOSURE: The general orientation of at Edgewater and one at Burtons Shore, along the shoreline is NE - SW. Easterly fetches with occasional fences that cross the beach are 0 to 1 nautical mile. along Burtons Bay and Metomkin Bay. The other major artificial features along the shore in OWNERSHIP: Private. this segment are the earthen dikes found just north of Finneys Creek, at Edgewater, on Cross FLOOD HAZARD: High noncritical. Although hurri- Creek, and just north of Folly Creek. These 9 dikes were placed to contain spoil for making cane or northeast storm flooding could inundate the area below ten feet, there are few, if any, land on the marshes, presumably to be developed permanent habitations below that level. for seasonal housing (Photo AC-15-2659 2269 315, and 209G). The spoil is apparently obtained WATER QUALITY: Satisfactory. from periodic dredgings of the Intracoastal Waterway. On upper Folly Creek, at the end of oyster operation, with rotting bulkheads, but BEACH QUALITY: Poor. Those beaches which do exist Route 740 there are the remains of a defunct in the Burtons Shore area and on Baylys Neck are nIarrow, covered with stumps,and of generally still with access to deep water (Photos AC-15- poor quality (Photos AC-15-199G, 200G). 192G to 194G). Farther downstream is Folly Creek Landing with a paved ramp and two finger piers (Photos AC-15-195G to 197G). All to- gether, there are about a dozen finger piers on 66 GARGATHY, ACCOMACK COUNTY, VIRGINIA of the older homes near the shore are built at boat ramp and a half dozen finge .r piers on the SEGMENT 16.(Maps 22 and 23) elevations above 10 feet. It may become criti- west side of the creek at the end of Route 680 cal as the area between Parker Creek and Bundick (Photos AC-16-174G, 175G). At the end of Route Creek becomes developed (Fox Grove Estates). 681, there is a paved, public ramp, and a half- EXTENT: 54,600 feet (10.3 mi.) along the fastland- Much of this is on land below 10 feet and some dozen private finger piers (Photos AC-16-167G, shore boundary, between the middle of Parker is on marsh fill and will be extremely subject 169G, 170G). Near the upper end of Hog Neck Creek on the south and the middle of Assawoman to flooding. Flood hazard is medium to boating Creek there is a small, private, run-down pier Creek on the north. The easterly boundary is facilities on the lower and middle sections of (Photo AC-16-166G). arbitrarily defined by the Intracoastal Waterway the creeks, low to residences. At the end of Route 730, there is an aban- channel. doned pier and ferry facility connecting with WATER QUALITY: Satisfactory. the NASA operation at Wallops Island. Several SHORELARDS TYPE usable piers and a boat launching ramp still FASTLAND: Low shore, gently sloping from the BEACH QUALITY: There are no beaches in this seg- remain (Photos AC-16-16OG to 162G). Nearer the marsh level to 25 feet elevation a half mile or ment. head of the creek, at Conquest Farms on Pettit more inland. The fastland area is penetrated Branch there is a private boathouseq slip, and by several small creeks including Bundick, SHORE EROSION SITUATION finger piers (Photo AC-16-159G). Whites, Gargathy, Northam and Hog Neck Creeks. EROSION RATE: There appear to be no signifi- The creek banks have generally steep slopes with cant erosion problems in the segment. POTENTIAL USE ENHANCEMENT: Moderate. Due to flood 15 to 20 feet relief. ENDANGERED STRUCTURES: None. hazard and possible damage to the marshes, it SHORE: Mostly extensive marsh alternating with SHORE PROTECTIVE STRUCTURES: On Gargathy Creek, would be undesirable to continue shoreline devel- bays (Metomkin, Gargathy, Kegotank Bays). There on the south side about 0.3 mile up from the opment. However, thi@ up-land elevations be- is extensive marsh along 47,200 feet and fringe junction with Cutoff Creek there is about 200 tween the creeks are quite attractive and do of- marsh along 7,100 feet of the length of the seg- feet of concrete block retaining wall along fer potential for low density homesite develop- ment. In area, extensive marsh comprises 1 133 the bank of the creek which turns into a dug ment. The lack of beaches in the segment limits acres (53%), embayed marsh - 991 acres (464, basin at a private residence. Besides some 50 the potential for beach recreation. For health and fringe marsh - 16 acres 0%). There is no feet of concrete wall in the basin, there is reasons as well as improvement of the aesthetic sand beach. another 200 feet of well-maintained wooden bulk- value of the area, steps should be taken to NEARSHORE: Metomkin, Gargathy, and Kegotank head (Photos AC-16-351, 171G to 173G). These remove and prevent further despoliation of marsh Bays constitute the nearshore. They are inter- structures are primarily cosmetic. areas adjacent to access roads. mediate to wide, shallow, with some tidal mud Suggested Action: None at present. Bulkheading MAPS- USGS, 7.5 Min.Ser. (Topo.), BLOXOM and flats. The Intracoastal Waterway with control- and flood control diking may be necessary in the METOMKIN INLET Quadrs., 1968. ling depth of 6 feet bounds the segment. Parker Creek mouth area if development continues C&GS, #1221, 1:80,000 scale, CHINCOTEAGUE INLET SHORELANDS USE on the shore area. to GREAT MACHIPONGO INLET, 1972. FASTLAND: Agricultural (71%), residential (19%), OTHER SHORE STRUCTURES: At the north side of PHOTOS: Aerial-VIMS 18Dec72 AC-15-268, AC-16-269; and unmanaged, wooded (10%). Parker Creek mouth there are several canals, VIMS 20Mar73 AC-16-340 to 365. SHORE: Access to boating (on the creeks) and basins and spoil dikes in the shore area (Photos waterfowl hunting. AC-16-340, 186G, 187G) and likewise at the south Ground VIMS 40ct73 AC-16-159 to 189. NEARSHORE: Boat traffic, fishing, and shell- side of the mouth of Bundick Creek (Photos AC- fishing. 16-345, 176G to 179G). These operations are all WIND AND SEA EXPOSURE: The shoreline trends NE - associated with Fox Grove Estates. There are SW. At Parker Neck on Metomkin Bay there is an two finger piers on Metomkin Bay in this area. easterly fetch of a mile. There are easterly On Parker Creek, at the end of Route 666 there fetches of 1 mile or less on Gargathy and is a paved launching ramp and a pier. Upstream 2 is a bulkheaded wharf and a small oyster opera- Kegotank Bays. tion (Photos AC-180G, 181G). Downstream there OWNERSHIP: Private. is a dredged basin, ramp and pier. On the North Fork of Parker Creek at the end of Route 665, FLOOD HAZARD: High in the shore area, due to storm there are two small piers (Photos AC-16-184G, flooding. Noncritical, in general, because most 185G). On Gargathy Creek there is a paved, public 67 POWELLS BAY, ACCOMACK COUNTY, VIRGINIA FLOOD HAZARD: low, noncritical to most of the seg- tical clearances varying between 6 and 12 feet, SEGMENT 17 (Maps 19, 20, 21, and 22) ment. Medium, critical along the immediate except across Chincoteague Channel where there shore-fastland area, where there are a few resi- is a swing bridge to accommodate Intracoastal dences and businesses at elevations below 10 Waterway traffic. West of Queen Sound Channel EXTENT: 45,300 feet (8.6 mi.) along the fastland- feet. High, noncritical on the marshes. there is a public boat ramp, small piers and shore boundary between the middle of Assawoman mooring pilings (Photo AC-17-147G). In this Creek to the south and Mosquito Creek to the WATER QUALITY: Generally satisfactory, with some vicinity, as well as at some other localities in isolated condemned areas. the segment there are orderly layouts of oyster north. The easterly boundary is arbitrarily "rocks", exposed at low water (Photos AC-17- defined by the Intracoastal Waterway. BEACH QUALITY: There are no beaches in the segment. 148G, 148G). SHORELANDS TYPE Back of the shoreline there are a number of FASTLAND: Low shore, sloping up to 30 feet SHORE EROSION SITUATION dredged ponds in the segment, notably on Ar- EROSION RATE: None to slight, noncritical. No buckle Neck, just north of Assawoman Creek and about 1,000 feet from the shore boundary. Mod- erosion is noted over most of the segment. There just south of Wishart Point, on Bogues Bay erately low shore along Mosquito Creek, whose appears to have been some erosion at Wishart (Photos AC-17-367, 369, 372, 373). Some of south bank rises rapidly to a general elevation Point where the road parallels the shore. The these may be water filled sand pits (see Bloxom of 35 to 40 feet. presence of riprap along the road and lack of Quadr.), while others may have been dug with SHORE: Primarily extensive marsh interrupted marsh grass along the waters' edge are indica- the intention eventually to connect them with by small bays. Extensive marsh comprises 5,590 tors of a slight erosion problem. the bay for waterfront development. Just to acres (96%); embayed marsh - 235 acres (4%), and ENDANGERED STRUCTURES: None. the north of Route 695 at Wishart Point, there fringe marsh - 4 acres (less than 1%). The SHORE PROTECTIVE STRUCTURES: At Wishart Point is a 500-foot wide diked area (Photo AC-17-374) marsh is cut by several large channels and nu- there is about 900 feet of plank bulkheading extending along the shore for 1,500 feet. It merous small, winding creeks. along the north bank of the boat slip. Approxi- appears that the fastland slope has been bull- NEARSHORE: Shallow, irregular bays, particu- mately 300 feet of this is in very poor condi- dozed to make a dike along the shore. A spill- larly in the middle part of the segment, lie be- tion. The remainder, inland from the rampis in way, lined with plywood, is constructed in the tween the fastland and the extensive marshes. good condition. Along Route 695 there is 200 dike near the south end. Possibly it is in- Included are Bogues Bay, Powells Bay, Watts Bay, feet of concrete rubble riprap along the back tended to pump waterway dredge spoil in to build Simoneaston Bay, and Shelly Bay, which is lo- shore (Photos AC-17-373, 155G to 157G). There up high land along the shore for development. cated farther offshore and connects via a wide is some riprap and wooden bulkheading at the The spillway would drain off excess water as channel (Queen Sound Channel) with both Chin- bridge approaches along Route 175 where it the spoil is dumped. coteague Bay and Chincoteague Channel. The crosses Queen Sound Channel between the main- Intracoastal Waterway, with controlling depth land and Chincoteague Island. POTENTIAL USE ENHANCEMENT: Low. There are no of 6 feet, lies at the easterly side of the seg- beaches to develop for shore recreation, and ment. There are numerous oyster beds on the Suggested Action: No imminent need for action, the marshes should be left, as much as possible, tidal flats in the bays. but repair of the bulkhead at Wishart Point is in their virgin condition. There is the poten- SHORELANDS USE desirable to prevent future erosion and slumping tial for low density residential development FASTLAND: Government, NASA, Wallops Station of the north bank of the boat slip. just back from the fastland-shore boundary at the top of the shore slope, where attractive (49%), agricultural (31%), unmanaged, open (9%), OTHER SHORE STRUCTURES: A two lane highway (Route vistas across the marshland can be obtained. unmanaged, wooded (7%), residential (2%), and 803) crosses the marshes to Wallops Island. It is not recommended that shoreline development commercial (2%). There is a wooden finger pier in poor shape at close to the high water level be continued or SHORE: Hunting, shellfishing, and spoil dumping, the end of Route 781. In the slip at Wishart undertaken. Aside from the hazards of flooding, especially in the vicinity of the Wallops Island Point there are one or two wooden finger piers the Environmental Protection Agency indicates causeway. with some alongside mooring space and a paved the probable stagnation and pollution of the NEARSHORE: Sport fishing, shellfishing, and boat ramp (Photo AC-17-158G). At the end of waters in the small, dredged canal-type inlets boat traffic. Route 766, on Watts Bay, there is a restaurant off the bays. WIND AND SEA EXPOSURE: General shore orientation built out on pilings, and to the north side a is NE SW. Fetches across the bays are from dredged boat slip. This is in very poor condi- MAPS: USGS, 7.5 Min.Ser. (Topo.), BLOXOM and the E, to -@' nautical mile. tion with rotting bulkheading and sunken boats HALLWOOD Quadrs. , 1968 and CHINCOTEAGUE WEST 2 4 (Photos AC-17-378, 150G, 151G). Near the north and WALLOPS ISLAND Quadrs., 1965. OWNERSHIP: Private - 51%; Federal Government - 49%. end of the segment there is a causeway leading C&GS@ #1221@ 1:80,000 scale, CHINCOTEAGUE INLET from the mainland to Chincoteague (Route 175). to GREAT MACHIPONGO INLET, 1972. Fixed bridges cross the various creeks with ver- 68 C&GS, #1220, 1:80,000 scale, FEN-WICK ISLAND LIGHT to CHINCOTEAGUE INLET, 1970. PHOTOS: Aerial-VIMS 20Mar73 AC-16-365; AC-17- 366 to 387. Ground - MS 40ct73 AC-17--147G to 158G. kit 69 CHINCOTEAGUE BAY, AJ'COMACK COUNTY, VIRGINIA from the E is 3 miles, and from the SE is 3 feet of fair to good plank bulkhead. Along the miles. north side there are some poor sections of bulk- SEGMENT 18 (Maps 18, 19, and 20) heading. At a dumping area between Greenback- OWNERSHIP: Private. ville and Franklin City there is an old wharf with about 150 feet of concrete seawall frontage, EXTENT: 40,000 feet (7.6 mi.) along the western FLOOD HAZARD: High, critical in the Greenbackville and 150 feet of dilapidated timber bulkhead. shoreline of Chincoteague Bay between the middle and Cockle Point (Captains Cove) areas, noncri- This is all in bad condition. At Franklin City of Mosquito Creek and the Maryland state line. tical'over the marshes. Much of Greenbackville there is about 200 feet of concrete rubble rip- The Intracoastal Waterway is the east boundary, and all of Franklin City is below the 5-foot rap, extending both east and west from the end except west of Chincoteague the line is run contour and, consequently, highly susceptible to of Route 679. This is in good shape. To the through Black Narrows to include the developed storm flooding. None of Greenbackville is above east are the remains of some plank groins (Photo marsh island west of the bridge in AC19. the 10-foot contour. The same applies to much AC-18-118G). In the same area there is a 160- SHORELANDS TYPE of the new Captains Cove development in the foot right angled bulkhead facing south and FASTLAND: Low shore, except in the locality of Cockle Point vicinity. Elsewhere the fastland west, which is in poor condition (Photo AC-18- Winders Neck where moderately low shore with rises fairly rapidly and the flood hazard is low. 120G). bluff is encountered intermittently with low WATER QUALITY: Generally satisfactory, but there Suggested Action: Both Sinnickson and Franklin shore. are some isolated areas that have been deter- Wharf need repair to bulkheading. Additional SHORE: Extensive marsh - 625 acres (22,000 mined unsatisfactory. bulkheading needs placing at the inner parts of feet), embayed marsh - 402 acres (4,500 feet), the Greenbackville basin. If the Captains Cove fringe marsh - 4 acres (7,700 feet), sand beach BEACH QUALITY: Fair to .poor. About 1,000 feet of development wishes to maintain a bathing beach, (4,800 feet), and artificial retainment (1,000 fair sand beach occurs just south of Swans Gut it may be necessary to place some groins along feet). The larger areas of marsh occur at the Creek at Sinnickson (Photos AC-18-137G, 138G) the beach north of Cockle Point and nourish them. south end of the segment, and east of Greenback- and also just north of Cockle Point at Captains ville to the state line. The embayed marsh oc- Cove development (Photo AC-18-131G). Nearshore OTHER SHORE STRUCTURES: There are boat launching curs mostly in Swans Gut Creek with lesser * depths are barely deep enough for satisfactory ramps at Horntown Landing at the end of Route amounts in Guys Point Gut and Powell Creek west swimming. Near Greenbackville and Franklin 709 (Photo AC-18-141G)g and at Greenbackville of Greenbackville. Fringe marsh and sand beach City the beaches are narrow, shelly, and usually basin (Photo AC-18-126G). There is probably a are interspersed along the shore between the debris laden (Photos AC-18-121G, 125G). private ramp at Captains Cove. Sinnickson has foregoing. Artificial retainment occurs mostly about 200 feet of alongside mooring and a few in the Greenba6kville area. SHORE EROSION SITUATION finger piers. At Greenbackville there is about NEARSHORE: Wide. The entire width of Chinco- EROSION RATE: Slight to severe, noncritical. 500 feet of alongside mooring on the west side teague Bay is shallow. Distance between the The beaches south of Sinnickson indicate slight of the basin, some fin@er piers at the north shore and the Intracoastal Waterway ranges be- erosion occurs on Winders Neck. There is an side (Photo AC-18-128G), and mooring dolphins tween 1,000 and 6,000 yards. Maximum depth is eroded 10-foot bluff here, mostly grass-covered, along the east bank. At Franklin City there is 7 feet, and the average is about 4 feet. Very indicating intermittent erosion, probably due a good wooden pier belonging to the fisheries shoal areas at the south near Mosquito Creek to large storms. Both Cockle Point and Long research station (Photo AC-18-119G). At several contain many oyster "rocks", elsewhere the bot- Point have been cut from the east and have lost places along the shore in the Greenbackville tom is mostly muddy. length since 1938. Beach losses to the north of and Franklin City area there are remains of old these points appear to have been moderate to piers and wharves out in the water (Photos AC- SHORELANDS USE severe. 18-412, 415, 120G, 121G9 125G). East of the FASTLAND: Agricultural (50%), residential (20%), ENDANGERED STRUCTURES: None. Greenbackville basin there is a large, diked unmanaged, wooded (20%), and commercial (10%). SHORE PROTECTIVE STRUCTURES: At Sinnickson spoil dumping area, and near Franklin City a SHORE: Boat access and storage, mooring, hunting, there is about 400 feet of wooden bulkheading smaller refuse dumping area, both on the marsh beach recreation south of Sinnickson and north of that is in poor to fair condition (Photo AC-18- (Photos AC-18-413, 122G, 123G). Cockle Point, and some dumping, particularly 396). Along the south shore of Captains Cove Between Swans Gut Creek and Powell Creek, southeast of Greenbackville. several hundred feet of shell and sand-filled either side of Cockle Point, Captains Cove deve- NEARSHORE: Boat traffic, water sports, sport gabions have been placed at the back of the lopment has extensively excavated and filled fishing, and shellfishing. shore to retain fill placed on the marsh (Photos marsh and fastland to build a canal-type water- AC-18-3999 12779 133G, 136G). At Greenbackville front community (Photos AC-18-400, 4059 4089 WIND AND SEA EXPOSURE: Two-thirds of the shoreline there is about 100 feet of concrete rubble rip- 1277). is oriented N - S, the other third is E - W. rap (Photo AC-18-125G). Almost the entire length The fetch from the NE is up to 15 nautical miles, of the west side of the basin is lined with 600 70 POTENTIAL USE ENHANCEMENT: Moderate. The Captains Cove area will probably continue to develop, although the low parts will be subject to flooding and possible stagnation in the waters of the canals. Other areas of marsh should be preserved in their natural state. The relief in the Winders Neck area offers some possi- bility for residential development and improve- ments might be made at'Sinnickson for the con- venience of boat owners. The waterfront at Greenbackville could be cleaned -up and the marshes restored, as much as possible, to their natural condition to enhance that area. MAPS: USGS, 7.5 Min.Ser. (Topo.), CHINCOTEAGUE WEST Quadr., 1965 and GIRDLETREE Quadr.9 1966. C&GS, #12209 1:80,000 scale, FENVICK ISLAND LIGHT to CHINCOTEAGUE INLET, 1973. PHOTOS: Aerial-VIMS 20Mar73 AC-18-388 to 418; VIMS 150ct73 AC-18-1273 to 1277. Ground VIMS 27Sep73 AC-18-118 to 141. 71 CHINCOTEAGUE ISLAND, the shoreline trends ENE - WSW; the fetch from MAPS: C&GS, #1220, 1:80,000 scale, FENWICK ISLAND ACCOMACK COUNTY, VIRGINIA the SSW is 130 miles at Chincoteague Point, LIGHT to CHINCOTEAGUE INLET, 1973. from the SSE.is unlimited at Chincoteague Point USGS, 7.5 Min.Ser. (Topo.), CHINCOTEAGUE EAST, SUBSEGMENT 19A (Maps 34, 35, 36, 37) and 1.3 miles into Tom's Cove, from the ESE is Va. Quadr., 1965; 3 miles. USGS, 7.5 Min.Ser. (Topo.), CHINCOTEAGUE WEST, EXTENT: 133,400 feet (25.3 mi.), from Archie Cove OWNERSHIP: Private 99%; Federal -1%, Coast Guard Va. Quadr., 1965. south along the western shore of Chincoteague Station; State -1%, public boat landings. PHOTOS: Aerial-VIMS 150ct73 AC-16-20 to 80; Island, around Chincoteague Point and north VIMS 150ct73 AC-17-1to 32, 35 to 68; along the eastern shore to Woods Grove. The ZONING: Agricultural, commercial, residential. VIMS 5Jun74 AC-4-42. western boundary of the subsegment is Black Narrows. This subsegment has 163,600 feet FLOOD HAZARD: High, critical, elevations are pre- Ground - VIMS 40ct73 AC-98-62G to 66G; (31.0 mi.) of fastland. dominantly less than 10 feet. The fastland is VIMS 17Jul74 AC-4-57G to 59G; for the most part extensively developed. VIMS 23Jul74 AC-5-44G. 45G, 47G to 55G. SHORELANDS TYPE FASTLAND: Low shore 97%; low shore with dunes WATER QUALITY: Intermediate in Chincoteague Chan- 2%, on Chincoteague Point; artificial 1%, along nel as of May 1974; unsatisfactory in Assateague Chincoteague Channel. Channel as of June 1974. Condemned shellfishing SHORE: Extensive marsh 58%; fringe marsh 22%; areas include the waters along the western shore artificially stabilized 14%; beach 5%; em- from Blake Point to the southern end of the bayed marsh I%. island, Fowling Gut, Assateague Channel at Black NEARSHORE: Narrow (16%) for 21,000 feet, 4 Point Landing and on Piney Island around Birch miles, along The Canal and Chincoteague Channel, Town. and parts of Assateague Channel. BEACH QUALITY: Poor; there are a few narrow beaches, SHORELANDS USE access to the public is limited, and the offshore FkSTLAND: Residential 88%; commercial 8%; is shallow and muddy. recreational 4%, campgrounds; governmental -1%1 Coast Guard Station. SHORE EROSION SITUATION SHORE: The parts of the shore that are useable EROSION RATE: Severe, noncritical on Chinco- are utilized for recreational (crabbing, clam- teague Point and The Canal. Moderate, noncriti- ming, boating) and commercial purposes. cal above Black Point Landing on Assateague NEARSHORE: Some pleasure boating; fishing and Channel. shellfishing. ENDANGERED STRUCTURES: There are some buildings at the southern end of Route 2114 which may be OFFSHORE BOTTOM: Chincoteague Channel, which endangered. parallels the western shore of Chincoteague SHORE PROTECTIVE STRUCTURES: There is bulk- Island averages 13 feet deep, with 6-inch to heading and riprap along the town of Chinco- 4-foot shoals. Its branch called Black Narrows teague waterfront, which has been built out and passes on the western side of the small island filled in, at Black Point Landing and on the supporting the Route 175 bridge. Muddy, and in northeast shore of Piney Island. The riprap on some places marshy tidal flats extend offshore Piney Island consists of discarded automobiles. and drop off into the dredged channel. Assa- There is wooden bulkheading at Birch Town and teague Channel parallels the eastern shore of in the Oyster Bay development complex. Chincoteague Island with a maximum depth of 21 feet. It is narrow, bordered by mud flats and Suggested Acti on: None. oyster rocks., Between Piney Island and Janeys Creek Marsh it shoals to about 4 feet in depth. OTHER SHORE STRUCTURES: There are many piers along the Chincoteague waterfront. WIND AND SEA EXPOSURE: Along the western shore the shoreline trends NE - SW; the fetch from POTENTIAL USE ENHANCEMENT: Low, most of the shore- the W is 3-5 miles, from the NW is 4 miles, line is developed, and there are no desirable from the N is 5 miles. Along the eastern shore beaches. 72 WILDCAT MARSH, CHINCOTEAGUE ISLAND, POTENTIAL USE EMIANCEMENT: None. MORRIS ISLAND, CHINCOTEAGUE ISIAND, ACCOMACK COUNTY, VIRGINIA MAPS: C&GS, #1220, 1:80,000 scale, FENWICK ISLAND ACCOMACK COUNTY, VIRGINIA SUBSEGMENT 19B (Maps 35, 37) LIGHT to CHINCOTEAGUE INLET, 1973. SUBSEGMENT 19C (Maps 35, 37) USGS, 7.5 Min.Ser. (Topo.), CHINCOTEAGUE EAST, EXTENT: 33,200 feet (6-3 mi.), Wildcat Marsh from Va. Quadr., 1965. EXTENT: 35,000 feet (6.6 mi.), Morris Island in- Archie Cove on the west to Woods Grove on the PHOTOS: Aerial-VIMS 150ct73 AC-16-10 to 19; cluding the island north of Morris Island Creek east, and the Coards Marsh island group to the VIMS 5Jun74 AC-4-40, 41. and the island east of Little Morris Island north. This subsegment has 12,400 feet (2.3 Creek. This subsegment has 2,200 feet (0-4 mi.) of fastland. Ground VIMS 23Jul74 AC-5-56G to 58G. mi.) of fastland. SHORELANDS TYPE SHORELANDS TYPE FASTLAND: Low shore. FASTLAND: Low shore. SHORE: Extensive marsh 97%; fringe marsh 3%. SHORE: Extensive marsh. NEARSHORE: Shallow, soft muddy bottom with NRARSHORE: Shallow, bottom is muddy with oyster rocks. oyster rocks. SHORELANDS USE SHORELANDS USE FASTLAND: Unmanaged, wooded. FASTLAND: Unmanaged, wooded. SHORE: Hunting or none. SHORE: Hunting or none. NEARSHORE: Shellfishing, fishing, waterfowl hunting. NEARSHORE: Shellfishing, waterfowl hunting. OFFSHORE BOTTOM: There is a 5 to 13-foot channel OFFSHORE BOTTOM: The bottom is soft and spotted with oyster rocks. Except for the 6 to 10- in Assateague Bay. On the northwest,in Chin- foot channel which parallels the shore, the coteague Bay, the water is shallow, 4 feet and water is very shallow. less, and the bottom is soft. WIND AND SEA EXPOSURE: The shoreline trends NE - WIND AND SEA EXPOSURE: The area is protected by SW. The fetcli from the W is 5 miles, NW is Assateague Island. 3 miles, and N is 4 miles. OWNERSHIP: Private. OWNERSHIP: Private. ZONING: Agricultural. ZONING: Agricultural. FLOOD HAZARD: High, noncritical as there are no structures. FLOOD HAZARD: High, noncritical, there are no structures in this area. WATER QUALITY: There are no data available. WATER QUALITY: Satisfactory. BEACH QUALITY: There are no beaches. BEACH QUALITY: There are no beaches. SHORE EROSION SITUATION SHORE EROSION SITUATION EROSION RATE: Slight to none. ENDANGERED STRUCTURES: None. EROSION RATE: Slight to none. SHORE PROTECTIVE STRUCTURES: None. ENDANGERED STRUCTURES: None. SHORE PROTECTIVE STRUCTURES: None. Suggested Action: None. Suggested Action: None. OTHER SHORE STRUCTURES: None. OTHER SHORE STRUCTURES: None. POTENTIAL USE ENHANCEMENT: None. 73 MAPS: C&GS, #1220, 1:80,000 scale, FENWICK ISLAND LIGHT to CHINCOTEAGUE IN-LET, 1973. USGS, 7.5 Min.Ser. (Topo.), CHINCOTEAGUE EAST, Va. Quadr., 1965. PHOTOS: Aerial-VIMS 150ct73 AC-17-29 to 32. Ground VIMB 23Jul74 AC-5-41G to 43G. 74 CALFPEN BAY, ASSATEAGUE ISLAND, POTENTIAL USE ENHANCEMENT: Lowas use is under ASSATRAGUE BAY, ASSATEAGUE ISLAND, ACCOMACK COUNTY, VIRGINIA the jurisdiction of the Bureau of Sport Fish- ACCOMACK COUNTY, VIRGINIA SUBSEGMENT 20A (Maps 37, 38) eries and Wildlife. SUBSEGMENT 20B (Maps 35, 37) MAPS: C&GS, #1220, 1:80,000 scale, FENWICK ISLAND LIGHT to CHINCOTEAGUE INLET, 1973. EXTENT: 113,000 feet (21.4 mi.), bay side of USGS, 7.5 Min.Ser. (Topo.), CHINCOTEAGUE EAST, EXTENT: 33,000 feet (6-3 mi.), bay side of Assa- Assateague Island from the Virginia - Maryland Va. Quadr., 1965; teague Island from Smith Bay Tumps to Carrs state line south to Smith Bay Tumps. This sub- USGS, 7.5 Min.Ser. (Topo.), BOXIRON, Md. Va. Marsh. This subsegment has 52,000 feet (9.8 segment has 87,200 feet (16.5 mi.) of fastland. Quadr., 1964. mi.) of fastland. SHORELANDS TYPE PHOTOS: Aerial-VIMS 150ct73 AC-16-10, 11; SHORELANDS TYPE FASTLAND: Low shore 99%, artificial earth dams VIMS 5Jun74 AC-4-34 to 38; VIMS 3Dec74 FASTLAND: Low shore. on the pond behind Ragged Point Marshes 1%. AC-6-6, 7. SHORE: Fringe marsh 73%, extensive marsh 24%, SHORE: Extensive marsh 58%, fringe marsh 40%, embayed marsh 3%. embayed marsh 2%. Ground-VIMS 23Jul74 AC-4-60G to 70G. NEARSHORE: Shallow with tidal flats, oyster NEARSHORE: Shallow, 3 feet or less, with a 4 rocks and a 3 to 13-foot channel. to 6-foot deep channel west of the Ragged Point Marshes. SHORELANDS USE FASTLAND: Preserved, Chincoteague National SHORELANDS USE Wildlife Refuge, with some hunting allowed. FASTLAND: Preserved, Chincoteague National SHORE: Preserve@ with some hunting. Wildlife Refugelwith some hunting allowed. NEARSHORE: Shellfishing, fishing. SHORE: Preserved, some hunting. NEARSHORE: Some shellfishing, fishing. OFFSHORE BOTTOM: The bottom is soft with tidal flats and oyster rocks. Except for a 3 to 13- OFFSHORE BOTTOM: The bottom is soft and sandy foot channel the water is shallow. in the shoals nearshore, grading to muddy towards the center of Chincoteague Bay. WIND AND SEA EXPOSURE: The shoreline trends NNE SSW. The fetch from the NNW is 4 miles in the WIND AND SEA EXPOSURE: The shoreline trends NE - area just south of Smith Bay Tumps. Otherwise SW. The fetch from the W is 5 miles, from the the shoreline is protected by Chincoteague NW is 3 miles, and from the N is 4-8 miles. Island. OWNERSHIP: Federal. OWNERSHIP: Federal. FLOOD HAZARD: High, noncritical except to a very FLOOD HAZARD: Medium along Assateague Bay where few scattered residences. a 5 to 10-foot dike is maintained to hold back a fresh water impoundment for migrating birds. WATER QUALITY: Satisfactory. High, noncritical along the remainder of the BEACH QUALITY: There are no beaches. subsegment. WATER QUALITY: There are no data available. SHORE EROSION SITUATION EROSION RATE: Slight to none. BEACH QUALITY: There are no beaches. ENDANGERED STRUCTURES: None. SHORE PROTECTIVE STRUCTURES: None. SHORE EROSION SITUATION EROSION RATE: Slight to none, except for a Suggested Action: None. cutting back of the shore north of Smith Ham- mocks back to the artificial dike. OTHER SHORE STRUCTURES: None. ENDANGERED STRUCTURES: None. SHORE PROTECTIVE STRUCTURES: None. 75 Suggested Action: None. BLACK DUCK MARSH, ASSATEAGUE ISLAND, WATER QUALITY: Unsatisfactory along Assateague OTHER SHORE STRUCTURES: None. ACCOMACK COUNTY, VIRGINIA Channel in June 1974. SUBSEGMENT 20C (Maps 34, 35, 36, 37) BEACH QUALITY: Fair to poor. On either side of POTENTIAL USE ENHANCEMENT: Lowas use is under the bridge from Chincoteague there is a narrow the jurisdiction of the Bureau of Sport Fish- beach which is used for some wading. East of eries and Wildlife. EXTENT: 59,000 feet (11.2 mi.), bay side of Assa- Assateague Point in Toms Cove the shore is teague Island from Janeys Creek to Little Toms sandy but access is limited and the offshore MAPS: C&GS, #1220, 1:80,000 scale, FENWICK ISLAND Cove. This subsegment has 49,000 feet (9-3 mi.) is very shallow. LIGHT to CHINCOTEAGUE INLET, 1973. of fastland. USGS, 7.5 Min.Ser. (Topo.), CHINCOTEAGUE FAST, SHORE EROSION SITUATION Va. Quadr., 1965. SHORELANDS TYPE EROSION RATE: Severe, noncritical on Assa- FASTLAND: Low shore 84%, artificial earth dams teague Point. Elsewhere slight to none. PHOTOS: Aerial-VIMS 150ct73 AC-17-33, 34; along the road 11%, moderately low shore near ENDANGERED STRUCTURES: None. VIMS 5Jun74 AC-4-39. the National Wildlife Refuge Office 3%, moder- SHORE PROTECTIVE STRUCTURES: None. ately high shore opposite Janeys Creek 2%. Ground VIMS 23Jul74 AC-5-59G to 64G. SHORE: Extensive marsh 70%, fringe marsh 21%, Suggested Action: None. beach 9%. NEARSHORE: Narrow along Assateague Channel OTHER SHORE STRUCTURES: None. which is 7 to 19 feet deep with tidal flats near Janeys Creek Marsh and Assateague Point. Toms POTENTIAL USE ENHANCEMENT: Low, as use is under Cove is up'to 11 feet deep with a sticky bottom the jurisdiction of the Bureau of Sport Fish- and tidal flats around the periphery. eries and Wildlife. SHORELANDS USE MAPS: C&G-S, #1220, 1:80,000 scale, FENWICK ISLAND FASTLAND: Preserved, Chincoteague National LIGHT to CHINCOTEAGUE INLET, 1973. Wildlife Refuge,with birdwatching and some USGS, 7.5 Min.Ser. (Topo.), CHINCOTEAGUE FAST, hunting allowed. Va. Quadr., 1965; SHORE: Preserved, some hunting, shellfishing, USGS, 7.5 Min.Ser. (Topo.), CHINCOTEAGUE WEST, recreational clamming and crabbing. Va. Quadr., 1965. NEARSHORE: Fishing, shellfishing. PHOTOS: Aerial-VIMS 3Dec74 AC-6-2 to 5. OFFSHORE BOTTOM: The bottom is soft in Assateague Channel with tidal flats and a 7 to 19-foot Ground VIMS 17Jul74 AC-4-56G; channel. In Toms Cove the bottom is sticky and VIMS 23Jul74 AC-5-46G. slopes toward the center in the eastern portion to as deep as 11 feet. WIND AND SEA EXPOSURE: From Janeys Creek to Horse Marsh the shoreline trends ENE - WSW and is protected by Chincoteague Island. From Horse Marsh to Assateague Point the shoreline trends N - S and the fetch from the SW is 9 miles. From Assateague Point to Little Toms'Cove the shoreline trends E - W; the fetch from the SE is 1 mile, from the S is 1.5 miles, and from the SW is 1.5 miles. OWNERSHIP: Federal. FLOOD HAZARD: Low along Assateague Channel; high, noncritical on Black Duck Marsh. 76 FISHING POINT, ASSATRAGUE ISLAND, subsegment is under 5-10 feet. Low to medium ASSATFIAGUE ISLAND, OCEAN SIDE, ACCOM.ACK COUNTY, VIRGINIA at the abandoned Coast Guard Station. ACCOMACK COUNTY, VIRGINIA SUBSEGMENT 20D (Maps 36) WATER QUALITY: There are no data available. SUBSEGMENT 20E (Maps 35, 36, 37, 38) BEACH QUALITY: Excellent; wide, clean sand beach EXTENT: 52,400 feet (9.9 mi.), the southern spit on ocean side; accessible sand beaches in EXTENT: 59,600 feet (11.3 mi.), the ocean side of Assateague Island from Little Toms Cove to several places on the Toms Cove side. of Assateague Island from the parking lot at Fishing Point and back to the parking lot at Bench Mark 4 to the Virginia - Maryland state Bench Mark 4. This subsegment has 53,000 feet SHORE EROSION SITUATION line. In this subsegment the fastland and (10.0 mi.) of fastland. EROSION RATE: Accretion, according to informa- shoreline lengths are equivalent. tion at the National Seashore Visitor's Center SHORELANDS TYPE the hook has built south and west approximately SHORELANDS TYPE FASTLAND: Low shore 52%, low shore with dunes 5 miles (about 1,500 acres) since 1859. Short- FASTLAND: Low shore with dunes. on the ocean side 48%. term erosion occurs during storms. SHORE: Wide sand beach. SHORE: Wide sand beach 90%, asome extensive ENDANGERED STRUCTURES: None. NEARSHORE: Narrow width, sandy bottom. marsh in Little Toms Cove 101o. SHORE PROTECTIVE STRUCTURES: Sand fences which NEARSHORE: Toms Cove is up to 11 feet deep. extend north from the elbow of the hook have SHORELANDS USE On the ocean side the offshore varies from caused the dunes to build up. FASTLAND: Preserved, Chincoteague National narrow to wide, narrow near Chincoteague Inlet Wildlife Refuge, with some hunting allowed, and in the northern part of the subsegment, Suggested Action: None. birdwatching and hiking. intermediate to wide elsewhere due to offshore SHORE: Surf-fishing, beachcombing. shoals. OTHER SHORE STRUCTURES: There is a pier at the NEARSHORE: Fishing. abandoned Coast Guard Station, on Toms Cove. SHORELANDS USE OFFSHORE BOTTOM: The bottom is sandy and slopes FASTLAND: Recreational (National Seashore) POTENTIAL USE ENHANCEMENT: Low, as the use is quite steeply. There are some subparallel 97%, governmental (abandoned Coast Guard Sta- under the jurisdiction of the National Park offshore shoals. tion) 3%. Service. SHORE: Beach recreation. WIND AND SEA EXPOSURE: The shoreline trends NNE NEARSHORE: Shellfishing, fishing. MAPS: C&GS, #1220, 1:80,000 scale, FENWICK ISLAND SSW and fetch is unlimited in each direction. LIGHT to CHINCOTEAGUE INLET, 1973. OFFSHORE BOTTOM: In Toms Cove the bottom is USGS, 7.5 M-in.Ser. (Topo), CHINCOTEAGUE FAST, OWNERSHIP: Federal. sticky with tidal flats near shore and the bot- Va. Quadr., 1965. tom slopes to 11 feet deep. On the ocean side FLOOD HAZARD: Low to medium, sand fences, with the bottom is sandy and varies from steeply PHOTOS: Aerial-VIMS 3Dec74 AC-5-77 to 80, their subsequent 10 to 15-foot vegetated dunes9 sloping in the northern portion to gently AC-6-01. are maintained. sloping elsewhere, with offshore shoals. WIND AND SEA EXPOSURE: On the ocean side from Ground VIMS 17Jul74 AC-4-54G, 55G. WATER QUALITY: Satisfactory as of January 1974. Fishing Point to the elbow of the hook the BEACH QUALITY: Excellent, the beach is wide, shoreline trends NW - SE; the fetch from the clean and gently sloping. S is unlimited, from the SW is 8 miles and from the W is 3 miles. From the elbow of the hook SHORE EROSION SITUATION to the parking lot the shoreline trends NE - EROSION RATE: There are numerous areas of SW; the fetch from the S is unlimited, from the short-term erosion and deposition but on a SE is unlimited and from the E is unlimited. long-term basis the area is relatively stable. On the Toms Cove side the fetch across the ENDANGERED STRUCTURES,: None. cove is 1-2 miles and from the west is 3-4 SHORE PROTECTIVE STRUCTURES: Sand fences the miles. length of the subsegment have stabilized the dunes. OWNERSHIP: Federal. FLOOD HAZARD: High, noncritical, most of the Suggested Action: None. 77 OTHER SHORE STRUCTURES: None. POTENTIAL USE ENHANCEMENT: Low, as the use is under the jurisdiction of the Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife. MAPS: C&GS, #1220, 1:80,000 scale, FENWICK ISLAND LIGHT to CHINCOTEAGUE INLET, 1973. USGS., 7.5 Min.Ser. (Topo.), WHITTINGTON POINT, Md. - Va6 Quadr., 1964; USGS, 7.5 Mi-n.Ser. (Topo.), CHINCOTEAGUE EAST, Va. Quadr., 1965. PHOTOS: Refer to photos for subsegments 20A, 20B, and 20C. 78 a a I I 1 4.3 Segment and Subsegment Maps It I I a I I I I I I I I I 1 79 1 7- 750 55, 0 1 MILE i I bys moint &SIO cr MAP 2A Mar h 370 371 SCARBOROUGH AND'CRADDOCK NECKS 37' 30, TOPOGRAPHY AND CULTURE A 'Segments 1, 2A, 2B, 2C. Segment Boundary Subsegment Boundary 0 /9 .... ... 3 :16 . ........ X3 x6 Sandy Pt 13 -1 2C N C, /T- cs' 6 ........... 00 C � 370 3TO ji 30 30 q f .......... .7 2B cem 11@; '0 10- "5 it I @A Ali 2A 9 7 111 9 JL '.7 9 11S C A F30 0 U `13 7 Emil BM It It 11 It It It C '6 ',Cem it, _JI it it It it,, 0 :11ons Pt Gaskin@ ou Powells OCCOHANNoeg . . ........ Bluff @ I`- / .......... .............. 7501 55' mums Is n n a w ==='Man am am ma wwwwwww 750 55' 0 1 MI@E- T.- i1bys ....oin.t HW 10 71 370 MAP 2B 370 37:, SCARBOROUGH AND CRADDOCK NECKS 30 SHORELANDS TYPES Segments 1, 2A, 2B, 2C FASTLAND Low Shore Low Shore with Bluff SHORE Beach Fringe Marsh 0 Extensive Marsh Embayed Marsh NEARSHORE Wide 0 0 0 0 0 Sana-,pt6,'* C, 0 V: 2C N. 1 C, 0 /r ell ......... . 0 0 0 0) 0 6 0 0 370 3r 30 30 X 8 0 Ile 7 %', C- Lj ,.dt@- Ce 2A 0 4-1-F 17 N 0 JL- X 7 9 S C A R 0 0 613 612 E 0 9 B X 4 0 3/; tp le 0 J6 - 611, Z pt le Gas 0 1110 OtfjV1 0 CK OCCOHANN OPO lis 71 f 750155' 75-155' 0 1 MILE i1bys int liYsid, w Ma h 370 3 37' MAP 2C 37 30'ISCARBOROUGH AND CRADDOCK NECKS FASTLAND USE, OWNERSHIP, EROSION C@' Segments 1, 2A, 213, 2C 1@1 ID USE Agricultural A Unmanaged Wooded W :.V OWNERSHIP Private EROSION Severe Moderate Slight or No Change No Symbol N., x 3 5 N% 1W X6 Sandy-Z X3 2C -ee 1A, C, X 6 5 ........... 1W N) 1A' 1. 5 370 370 30 30 '8 2 B 7 Y, 1W 1A PM 0, 1A 1W. 5 it 1W 9. 2A @7 . . . . . . . . . . 7 @'i: -11 9-@ @/11 \@ - X7 1 W II 9 1A S C A F? 1W 0 F@ 0 U G 613 1A@j 612 7 K BMI B :<4 9 BM 10 X 3 I A Ll@ 6 em nt: Q .-@:..:.Pons Pt Gaskin OCK Pow OCCOHANS ells Bluf 750155' w f9l w a w- a n w al 0 w M- 750 152' 30 750 sne& lk 3 or if lk 1@ If xe Milbys Point -5 3r CIO @Nl 37' 1 -Nandua- S I 3d, Hac@ 5 '0 617 -Uj- Monadox Pt A\ cp . ... ..... . .. . .......... ... ......... .. 0 34 Ceduivi C h M Mason o B 61 (-Io-j BM 2 7 % 5\1 10 C, 0 40 c C, 1Y, 7 \V, 32 750152'30" T50 83 75-152' 30 7 HA s A A 3 13 x2 @-j 51 Milbys 10 3r \V- V 3 7.'1 -N@ d 8 30 Hac s W \V\ 0 nadox Pt 5 ku. cr e Z' Cedar@ C, 32 J'( rD "c@m Ma6on B to -q- ......... UO' BM 2 5 % ........... C, 5 0 /r 32 75-152'30" T 84 750 52'30" 7501 nee 1w A it A, A A 111, if "N's kt It co@@ If 1WI Milbys 1y t 10. 4:, to,-- 3r 37' //1 -Nandua 1,1B 30, -.4. Hacks ,7 14 lonadox Pt 0) 7, c P N, lu 1w 14, "1 Cedaiv,.1-4: 34@ foo, Ch C, 32 /r son % Ka 1w,, B 0 to J'A'' J, 616 10 1w BM 2 1w, X. c, 0 C, 1 A EROSION 0 ry C, 1w Moderate I I I I "@n /T & Slight or No Change No Symbo 16 32 C'@ 750 52 30 T50 85 750 52'30" 370 37C 42' 42'.. 30 Qqf f i n 3d' MAP 4A . . . . . . . . . . HACKS NECK PARKERS ISLAND 77. a.rk TOPOGRAPHY AND CULTURE India Pt Segments 4 and 6A 0 Segment Boundary Subsegment Boundary andler M rsh ............. P........ . . .. . ....... c e . .. .......... Scarboroug . ........... h Islan d I neys :Lsland n5 es . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Klondik 0 T E A G U p U N G k1a Bluff P 3r 370 hvill Smit 40 40 y 0 b Evergreen h j c ec Mt Olive S Ch oocheyville\kk 4 c) If. X3 acksnee 3 A 1@1 M If If jr- c It 5555555555 It If A 750 52 30 n 757-52'30" 37 37C 42',, 4 62@ 0 P. 3 3 MAP 4B HACKS NECK - PARKERS ISLAND SHORELANDS TYPES rk I n pt Segments 4 and 6A FASTLAND Low Shore SHORE Beach r Fringe Marsh [11111111111111111111111 Irs Extensive Marsh Embayed Marsh 6A NEARSHORE Intermediate 0 0 0 0 A Wide 3carbor C ........... 01, FNI i-T. 5 es P ........... Klondik p ... ..... . . G u pUNGOTEA . . .......... W W 0 .0 a Cut': Bluff P 0 ... . ...... ........ . . ........ . 3r 370 0 ....... .... .... S h 40 40 0 --ji 5 0 63 0 0 W 4 0 0 0 0 0 Evergreen h 631 00" E.- C we% e L; t Olive Ch 0.4 is.? 5 heyville I WN 0 x2 o 0 77, x3 eksnee 0 3 .0 0 @N S % A 3 A, 750 52'30" 0 I W- 75T-52' 30" 370' C 37 42' 42' 30 C ff, 30' I n :.Aw MAP 4C V:: HACKS NECK - PARKERS ISLAND FASTLAND USE,'OWNERSHIP, EROSION ax k e. I India Pt .Segments 4and 6A 1A USE Agricultural A Unmanaged .. .. ... r andle ................ M ',rsh Wooded W OWNERSHIP Private A EROSION 1W Severe Moderate 100, Slight or No Change No Symbol t (;. e e ..... ... . . Scarborough . . ... .......... Island 1A i n.e Y's I aflu @i N (5) i t I Sp 'o w 1w Klon ik PC, ............ pUNGOTEAGU CC) k1a 111LI)f -3r 3r 40 Sm thVill 40 A Y Z 0 -.w. 1W 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ElIvergreen h 1W ...... /1A C e c wr 0 ZZ )Gcheyville I Al ..... if If C ..... ... .. 633 --7 "io @2 1A, 4 1W x3 acksn if! 1W it M A It it it 11 it .40 it it -@o =@ 1,U it" it A 3 if It If 750152'30" 750 52'30" 7501501 rockett Town - ----- [email protected] em cfe e Klondik fee @/o) pUNGOTEAGU Mount Ne 6A // 411P c" r w .. ..... Gut% ...... Bluff P 51 370 /A 40 a Evans *her BM 6 Parborton BM hore 7 cnt and Country Oub foo" Evergreen h 0 c Mt Olive C, S ch /r B m Pvcheyville Al 7 It -7- e 4 /0 X3 acksnee li 15 A Z7 30 750 50' 89 750152'30" 750 50 if rockett Town If Klondik . . . . . F 0 PUNGOTEAGU Moun N L38 em If W 0, 634 .......... . Bluff Piiijij, 5 L 370 ..... .. Smithvill 40 . ........ ... vans @harf (6m) 153 \@arborton oggs,,'Wh It BIA nhore C 7 !@hl@ind ountryotl/b MAP 5B D 6"\, PUNGOTEAGUE CREEK 0 PES SHORELANDS TY 0 4- Segment 5 D Z, FASTLAND C, Low Shore L- Low Shore with Bluff BM 0, 7 SHORE 7 Beach Fringe Marsh Extensive Marsh /0 X3 umneek Embayed Marsh 0 it 3 11 2 N U . . . . . . . lo 51 750 52'30*' 750 50' 90 750 750 50 1A it rockett Town 1 W I ,..Cem 637 ern it Klondik cfe le pUNGOTRAGU r ount Ne 1VV M 1A "i M, % .... ...... Bluff P 1A A 370 % ........ . 1A N 40 Snifthvill rf BM 6 ans hat 63 t arbortor h- 1A fill kgsll .-A It 1W //Y/ 13M 0 ;@@hore z Cht and Country @Iub Vol' IRCr 1w lRS,,, 0 Evergreen h 0 1W 7777@.@@MAP 5C A 631 D t Mit Olive C" PUNGOTEAGUE CREEK Ch It FASTLAND USE, OWNERSHIP, EROSION--\ it --- ocheyville'@@@l BM Segment 5 7 USE C, Agricultural A Commercial C e Recreational RC 6 10 Residential RS M Unmanaged Wooded W OWNERSHIP 2 U W Private EROSION A CJ) No Symbol -@5 Slight or No Change !=@==Ir V -< .1 = - -" - i@' . IIII 3 T5'1 52@ 30" 75. 0 50' 91 7 75- 5 0' 750 147 1 30 Uh n i sex 5 4 10 va Back ...... > Parkers Ma sh tb 0 /0 C8 L> 655 Ce:7 ID it it &C2 it it it /0 tL it Foplar ... !vv it ..7 . 0 W. it @Cov 0 it are Pt 0 N A N C B -@ii Landing Uve @-lstnp en@,@ It it ......East POJ, IV(S .... . .. ...... 6 B C, 0 0 nle, p C, 4\1 4L4 IF Thi k dal -5 0 37 B R A D N, A h 42' 3d' E , K JL 6441 dway q) h ille 41 B \\N, 0 1 MILE 750 F5O' 750 147 1 30 49 92 750 50' 750 47 30 4 h n 4b e,' rk i /0 655 ti . . . . . . . . . . . it 653 /0 ii Po lar tic '0 oNANCOCK are Pt B a i III "'L;jyOve ;jj Landing .0% "eml -Na sti 4 40-i ........ . . -j#4 6ts no Ont p % 0/1 Thi t 0. 370 B A R 42' 4p E 637 ul;, /I Broadway 0 h 1@ India c 41 hota-_- C hvil A 9 MILE // 71 k4 750 ]50 750147'30" 93 7501 50' 750147130A % Back -b oa Parkers Ma sh 0 a % 655 0 CP 1W @60 it /0 ki oar v "Cov 0 A N C 0 C K 1A are Pt ........... Bailqy.::P em. 1 A t1A 6B p A m.,e r I AF;' Thicke pf; lp W 4W C, 41 -5 1W 370 42' B R A D A Y 3d' E C K % JA 1A* % fill B 4@, roadway va -,: A,, 10 C hN..- 9 1W 1Aj' -1A @y a r A L, 0 I-MILE 75OT57 750 147'30 94 75OT47 30 0 1 MILE T im 7' MAP 7A PARKERS MARSH - BIG MARSH West Marsh Tump TOPOGRAPHY AND CULTURE Camp Segments 8A, 8B, 8C (partial) IPb--!sland TheT ho@- re Segment Boundary Subsegment Boundary QR- B A Y I S L A N D Old BeachO 370 3r 0.- P 47' 47 30" 3d -B - G'o Beach Island -.0 -1: 7 c, 4r Lq Cr'e'ek powpco Ro ,@S c 0 @XP at Pt aieqeow n X 7 8b 3r 4 45 782 44, 4, S Sout ou Uhe 'r 0 8/ va Back Parkers Ma, @Sh "a 75 75 of 4 30 0 1 MILE M A P 7 B PARKERS MARSH - BIG MARSH West Marsh Tump 0 SHORELANDS TYPES Kam Island The T 6rdf. Segments 8A, 8B, 8C (partial) FASTLAND Low Shore ISLAND B A Y Old Beachr4 01 370 3-70 01 47' 3d, Bea 30 Isla V 0 01 0 4rA Cre'ek POYAPCO @.D Ro Island 0 act 0 Pt 0 SHORE 0 0 0 0 0 Beach 0 @0 Fringe Marsh 1`11111111111111111111111 Extensive Marsh 0 0 Embayed Marsh NEARSHORE Intermediate 0 0 0 0 0 Wide on % 656 X 7 BB 'NO 3 4e 45' 0 0 too 0 0 00' 3out kA n % 10 750 47'30' I- O,/j 750 47'30 1 MILE I. A 1: 1 1. F West Marsh Tump CA Camp io //J0 R'- 0 Old BeachO J.. I S L A N D B A Y A3 6e 3r :Y/ 370 47' 47' -B 730" 3d 100, I s! I ?aO PdVP ;@: S.- o -G (Z". Q- 4q &A. @'K7 Creek polapco MAP 7C BIG MARSH gu. PARKERS MARSH Ro s, @ASTLAND USE, OWNERSHIP, EROSION % Segments 8A, 8B, 8C (partial) _J USE Agricultural A Commercial C Residential RS Unmanaged .7 acto Pt Wooded W OWNERSHIP -Private -Chegeo EROSION wo Moderate Accretional + + + + 1W Slight or No Change No Symb6l % on % 1RS:. 3 8B 1C 46' 45 1A A % Sout Ch. 8A - va Back 1A 4 -.Pa;kerS' A 7- 1W A7 j, @\% 75014T' 30 750 45' 750 45 30 .370 47 10A ins -@Op custis 3 @@-5.avpge -1 s Pa rild- a f 1% 9 @a V ,eo-) e c Cus...@ CoveN A. 661 % W@ 0 I A 8 C. v@ A 5----------- 'Peep C The 8 A X4 x 3' MAP 8A j<9 802 5-1- DEEP CREEK - HUNTING CREEK estament N@w T Ch TOPOGRAPHY AND CULTURE Segments 8C, 9, 10A (partial). 5 N 'SM 6 \",6 6W Segment Boundary Leatherbury Ch Subsegment Bounda ry 657 3 c )n 7 45 660 ayside 0 C@, % 4 V Q \\% 8M8 cult@ 7 =5- 4!5@ 750 145 30 98 75-145' 750 1451 30 370 47 10A ,,-@opkins ava e Is, 9 Cem ocustis cove ol t 5 e C ooo The X6 x 4 IL o\ 1- riffin Wise Chapel x 9 /0- 802 New Testamen Ch Rayfield em 656 SM6 Leatherbury Ch % 657 t -658 37'; 45' 660 ayside Qo@ V % % o' /0 750 45 750 45 430 99 75-1 45' 750 145 30 370 1R 47' 10A 'k, opki custis @asavage I s Fa n dc::'6 9 ea :n C M cusq@ ove 00 (7. V- 661 1A, A j % 0 9 1W 1W 1 A 8 C. 5-- 9 @`IRS 1A. R), eep C ,Pee r t, W 1A' The S IW@ f 5 MAP 8C 1A Ilk DEEP CREEK - HUNTING CREEK FASTLAND USE, OWNERSHIP. EROSIOIN '9 Segments8C, 9, 10A (partial) New Testamen USE 1W 1A Agricultural A D 1A Commercial C 1A Residential RS BM6 60 1A Unmanaged Leatherbury Ch Unwooded U Wooded W ID 65 813 OWNERSHIP 37C. 45' 1A fo Private 1 r 6W EROSION 1W Moderate W V 1 C@> Slight or No Change No Symbol BM8 & % /0 750 145 750145 30 100 750 45 750 42 zgtgwect I MILE cow X6 Simpson MAP 9A WEBB ISLAND JOBES ISLAND w Simpso Ben 370 TOPOGRAPHY AND CULTURE IA 50' Segments 10A and 10B (partial) 41, 10B Segment Boundary X Subsegment Boundary Peters Pt." e te" Peters ammock Halfmoon t Zare PVN ..'Halfmoon Island a Jzidks Islan 6 Scott Island I$- Sandy b 0 Pt ebb Ba Zve Islynd Dix Hammock Canoedas Pt Thorofare Weir Pt 10A /-'--,Flannegan -r-pt t L7 alv 67 370 0 750 45 750142! 30 .8 101 750[45@ 750 142 I WLE X6 MAP 9B simps9o WEBB ISLAND - JOBES ISLAND SHORELANDS TYPES. 3-10 50' Segments 10A and 10B FASTLAND 10B Low Shore SHORE . . . . . . . . . . . Peters Beach et'* Extensive Marsh Embayed Marsh NEARSHORE Halfmoon Wide -p.t 0 @Halfmoon 0 Zare Pt/--, Island 0 0 0 Mark slan 0 sland 0 ol o 00 Scott Island &ndy e S1 n 0 Bagzte Dix Ha M' 0 Canoedas Thorofare Wer 10A 0 Flannegan Rainy Pt Pt t 675 370 47 1 30 .1 mol 45' T50142@ 30" 102 750 145 7501 42 Bagwell f- I MILE cow C 0 Z.) Simps 11-1, .MAP 9C. WEBB ISLAND - JOBES ISLAND simp-is EB3 e 3r FASTLAND USE, OWNER@HIP, EROSION 50' Segments 10A and 10,13 (partial) USE 1OB; Olt> Agricultural A Residential RS Peters Unmanaged Wooded W Peb@rs a mo;k OWNERSHIP Private Halfrnoon EROSION t Moderate z I a If moon N' Slight or No Change No Symbol island .. . ... .. . . ... s Mark Island tie, VWVJ Isla 4R, -it N. Scott D@' Island Sandy b 0 0 Pt a ebb Islynd BagVell Dix Hamm Canoedas Pt f Thoro are Weir I't 10A r IP", @ 1W Flannegan Rainy pt Pt ti, @Ch 370 1RS 0 75-T45 750 42@ 30" 103 75q4230 -150 40 10D B y r d s r s h Gu x 3 MAP 10A BEASLEY BAY 0 & Cr TOPOGRAPHY AND CULTURE d Tree Segments 10C and 10D (partial) oulson Pt Segment Boundary Pt Pe, igr Subsegment Boundary Ben ov ..E.bb Pt 10c Cedar lz> a ndy Pt Old Cove Cedar Flood Pt e :.Cove Picnic A,ep Annis Pt 684 Bagwell 13 r e r Cove X6 Simpson P.@.. Graven GU'4fOrd Ca simpso".". rno'ck 582 Bend 37c 50' it X3 IV Ile Peters 75 et fu P Pet',@@ 7 MO K e 750 42'30" T50 40@ 104 75014;@ 30" 750 401 10D 0 MAP10B 0 BEASLEY BAY 0 SHORELANDS TYPES 0 r S ?o Segments 10C and 10D oIr FASTLAND Low Shore oo SHORE Beach Fringe Marsh 0 Extensive Marsh 0 Id ri-e Embayed Marsh oulson 0 Pt NEARSHORE 0 0 Pel gre ov Wide 0 0 0 0 Ben Pt 0 10C Cedar I a ndy Pt 0 Old Cove Cedar Flood Pt 6 0 0. Annis Pt Bagwell 0. fire 01@ 10 Graven Rt- Simpson 0 0 M. simpso", 37c Ben 50' 41.1 01 5 675 Peters et@@- P'" 1ctee 750 42'30" 750 40@ 105 75q4230 750 40 10D MAP 10C BEASLEY BAY FASTLAND USE, OWNERSHIP, EROSION Segments 10C and 10D (partial) USE _Qi By r d s rsh U Agricultural A X3 Unmanaged Wooded W OWNERSHIP Private EROSION 0 C Moderate d Tree Slight or No Change No Symbol S oulson Pt P Jillgre o'V Elen Pt 10C Cedar 1,@> andy Pt Old Cove Flood Pt Cedar e :.Cove 6 00 Pic ic r 1W Annis Pt 6B4 Bagwell 13re cove -oL X6 Graven Rt. Simpson Rtt. H simp'o 7- - Bend 37c 50' (7 -k I Peters 4 75 1W, ete',X P.: f?omock cfee t====FJ 750 42'30" 750 40 106 750142'30" 750 40 37 BM 3 Mess@ngo 5 M Belinda Balls Chapel L Mars Market Hammock Landi If .. . .... Green Pt H Dicks Pt Tim t 5 C& C P 0 North'p @.-....Drum Pt .014 v w @1190 0 0 South Pt X.1 MICHAEL M Ze., A S H 0 C@ 11A Shilp'h Ch': ee to Poulson 370 52., 30 10D An 750i42 30 -750140' 107 '@50 42'30*' 750 401 370 7 7 11 A ff 4 FWQ@ngo 0'r 10 lefinda 0, Halls C pel 00, 0 00, 00 Warsh Market 10 BOO It Green Pt D Ti M t icks Pt No h ...-Drum Pt 0 C50 O'Z @o ol South Pt 11A s hilLh cz 688 Poulson 370 52' 30 10D z Z, 750142'30" 7501 40 108 jr 750 42'30 U 75+0 370'- ;;7 BM 3 1w 1WI Belinda Halls Chapel 0 M 692 698 Hammock Marsh IV ar. t -le Landing 11B Green Pt Dicks Pt i Ti m Pt 1w. 1A e530, 0 North Pt ..-Drum Pt 0 w 0 j POO 0 1@1&0 Om P South Pt MICHA E L 6 MA @SH 0 0 Cb 11A 1w Shil h Ch" 1w 60 Poulson 370 1RS-- 52' 0 4 10D An 750142'30 750 140 109 750145' 7501 42' 30" MAP 12A SAXIS ISLAND AREA, .....t4orth End Pt TOPOGRAPHY AND CULTURE Segment 11B (partial) Robin Hood Bay Segment Boundary Subsegment Boundary RM 4. 695 CLM/ 47 BM s 0 d, .-K 3 ?X111 0 < A- tj CO 11B e F 9v E s PH 0 OL B M 2 A K'S H",.. 370, 55' 0 Cr8elc 00 lot TUNN Drum Bay ISLAN 1) e ... ....... X 4 "Zia Q, .... ...... or h P C t 0 L g sso on Pt;,.", GO 00 bcarborough Pt 75T-45 751042'30" 110 75T-45 7-5T-42 30 0 J MAP 12B 0 0 P SHORELANDS TYPES to SAXIS ISLAND AREA 0 0 Segment 11B (partial) 0 0 FASTLAND Robin Hood Bay .Z: 0 Low Shore 0 SHORE 0 0 Beach 0 0 0 0 Fringe Marsh n1111111111111111111111 Extensive Marsh 0 Embayed Marsh 0 oo S NEARSHORE 0 Wide 0 0 9 0 o o5l 11B -5 0 370 0 G 55' 0 0 0 0 00%, 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 Drum Boy 0 0 0 0 0 jg-, 9 0 . . ........ ac Nor 0 46 40 0 9 0 50.OGO Loft t: .... ... ,)carborougopt 0 0 0 0 0 0 .0 0 0 0 0 0 0, 750 45' 7501 42'3e '7501 45', 7@5:01 42' 30" 0 -@:T. T -F -3 MAP 12C WM lll1bn,'dj SAXIS ISLAND AREA x FASTLAND USE, OWNERSHIP, EROSION Jr Segment 11B (partial) Robin Hood Bay USE Agricultural A BMA h9 IP Commercial C Industrial I ""1R C9 Residential RS Sn/, Unmanaged Ee-* Wooded W d BM3 OWNERSHIP .0 Private EROSION e Ira tkp Severe e Moderate Accretional + + F E E S 0 0 L Slight or No Change No Symbol BM 2 A 11-' S H'- 370 . .... .. Ci Aln Crge ......... T N C, Drum B ay ISLANY -Aft X 4 brAilh/p Go Lor ri 0 wWugh Pt /* /' 0,11 75-145' 75; F42'30'1 112 75014d 750 370 30 5 Fa r I d. W 0 Igin 1 .1. . I - - 8 - Bull 9ge R 0 M In lic HM 01 X2 Line Williams Pt Gut 11 B It 5 Pig pt-:-- if BM8 17 Sh.Rd Landing' 10 Persimmon Pt 4, Flag Po Landi 0Ce;n;IT,,j1 1". 5 : _Ai k. a I I p en 0 t ;1 nm IkII 11@, Cem[@!j - ) 0 If If R I/ ASandpi It 1-5 V It It If It. de. It it If B Grotons BM /I It Ch pocomoke 'ohm it. Ch 701 CT(I / :1 695 Ch.t Mt Olive ",1,1C it Sanford Ch EIM3 695 EIM 9 t4. BM9 699 It. if 380 0 0 I MILE kngo 0 IV J, - 0-i -T . 75014d 75 37 30 113 75'D 40 T 30 T50 3 Fa r I nd 3e 0 n Bull ggef'z- 57 % n % is 0 30 % 0 . > lic M Williams Pt Gftt 11B 0 A Ptl.." 0, EIM8 j 701 had Lan ng Persimeon Pt lag onct a Cern P t c 4Sa Ce@, e P 14 JI BM BM Grotons Ch Pocomoke n" St JOhC Sanford 695 Ch h 701 BM3 *BM9 4 BM9 % 699 360 3 :.692 -iF 0 IMILE -_9 iqngo t-L \@5 75- F4d --75T'37 30 114 75'014d 750 37 30 1A Fa r ..I d 380 0 0 Bul ge F13 0 > "31M lic BM 4,\ 00 X2 n e Williams P-t- Lilt Gut CO 1 w 11B Pig Pt- It 1A BM8 11 117 701 Shad Landi 64, on Pt (re Flag Po nding 1w C. 1A (-5- Ii-- Cem:: _L@ntjment 698 k It it Z 1A 11 - A andpi It @s it 1P It Cer@ rmr.. it 1w It 0 11 It BM "I I BM It Pi kvxro Ch C,rce :'Pocorno e St Johns 701 Ch c Mt ON- Sanford c BM 3 411.) 695 IBM9 '.1R& BM9 699 3 :.69? 3w 55 it 0 IMILE it iqngQ 5- 1 07N 75014d 750 13-r, 30" 115 7 % ND LA N Cem: OPRC C- CCO X 4 -Z, 0 BM, 4 BM pi, 11town BM 7 BM4 0 ------ andpi X12 Pitts N rk BM 693 Fa r U. 38* 57' Bullb ge 40 Tj j BM,@\ Line Williams Pt Gut 5 L 750 37'30" C@ 116 75- F3 30, %% F C e m em -/wORC 0 11 X 4 (V, Qi\ BM-- 4 U06 Al BM to % 3M 7 BM % -A itts, k BM All 4J Fa A 380 Bullbegge 40" 57, A 13M 4,\ Lin. Williams Pt 4v u t 5 lic 750 37'30" 117 750 37'30" 0 7 IN, D i- Cem:11 C X 4 4/IA \1A 15-2 \"J 4 C-7 ]A /A' @Ic _j T 8 M pil" 1A 5@s 1w BM 7 BM 1w TI 709 4,ndpi 5 12 L @A P itts Neck itts ob BM (6933 "b", I? e;@ 1w .--6 Fa r I d 380 57 Bullbegg e 40 L ri am 317 .X2 Line Williams Pt Gut 5 7 r L 11C Q@ w 750 37'30 118 750155 ............ C". -00 370 3r 55 5. atkins Pt .... ............ ET . . . . . . ........ ..........V MOW reen Harbor ...... . lana Ell', e: Col,: v z.4 .... ....... -.f.4 -* . .......... 0 x eaf3p la (P PlannIer O'Cove I'D 370 12C 570'0 30 x MAP 15A FOXISLANDS TOPOGRAPHY AND CULTURE Segment 12C Segment Boundary Subsegment Boundary W 0 1 MILE 750155' 7501 55' & % 0 '00 37 3r --@ ..... .. . 55' . . ..... . ...... .. atkins Pt C ------- reen Harbor ,land . ....... ... 'S, . .................... A A." k . . . . . . . ....... -n 0 X 0 l:77. .eal: Planwr "'Cove 0 Olt 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 N) 370 12C 370 52' 571's 3d, 30 MAP 15B FOX. -ISLANDS 0 0 0 SHORELANDS TYPES 0 ox 0 Segment 12C 0 SHORE 0 Beach 0 Extensive Marsh 0 0 NEARSHORE Wide 0 0 0 0 0 1 MILE 73 F, 775() 55' n w ===a 750 55' L L 370 3r 55' 0A, J ......... ............. atkins Pt ........ .. ........... .... SO' E T M.0 --v CR7 ORA leen Harbor J., ........ . . ................. .. ........ . .... ....... . ... ...... ..... E71i ng Cove k MAP 15C FOXISLANDS 0 FASTLAND USE, OWNERSHIP, EROSION >< ------ - --- ----- Segment 12C OWNERSHIP Gteat Fo-;', Private I a 'nd EROSION Severe 0 Slight or No Change No Symbol @Ir 7 nner Cove 370 12C 370 '@27 57' 30" X 0 1 kLE I F- -T7--7-T@@=-'T -7 1 --3 750] 55 760 100, .. ............ 3TO 370 52' 52' 30 30 MAP 16A TANGIER ISLAND 0 %p TOPOGRAPHY AND CULTURE Segment 12A 0 Queen Ridge Ap Segment Boundary Subsegment Boundary ......... . . . .... he Shells . . . . . . . . . . .... . .... .... ............... . . ........ . . . . . . . . . . . 0 tp ro el 0 West 3 370 Pt 50' 50 12A East P int rs 3: 40 -f r jE nton RWge pt COD HARBOR .... ...... I MILE 7 760 OF mmmum ==man= MWWWWWWW 767oool ......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 -8-i M., 370 52' 52:, 30 411 ....... ....R... ..... 30 0 MAP 16B 0 TANGIER ISLAND SHORELANDS TYPES 0 Segment 12A FASTLAND ............ QueA Ridge Low Shore SHORE ......... Beach Extensive Marsh he Shells NEARSHORE Intermediate 0 0 0 0 Wide 0 0 0 0 0 %t 0 SO! tp o*. 0 0 0 X 0 0 0.4 0 0 West 0 3 P, 370 L 50 50' 0 12A qt P a 0 r CL 0 0 il I., Ce 0 S 0 . . . . . . . . . . . 0 Mon ge 0 0 0 0 0 .1 pt 0 D 0 WARBOR 0 0 J'o 0 so of 0 oo" 0 . ..... 0 0 000. VVI-exxxx. 0 0 1 MILE T6-100' 760 100, 370 . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . .. . . . . . 52' . . ... MAP 16C 52' 30 30 TANGIER ISLAND FASTILAND USE, OWNERSHIP, EROSION Segment 12A USE 0 Agricultural A Commercial C Residential RS Wooded W 0 Queen Ridge OWNERSHIP Private EROSION Severe he Shells Severe, Critical ...... ...... Slight or No Change No Symbol . . .... ......... .. .................. . .... . . . ...... 1wn to tp 0 0 West 370 Pt -D @-N 50' 50 12A 1A@ E -'t P pt s c1c, 1RS C nton Ridge '1RS b pt -1. COD H ARBOR I MILE 7660100- w = = M w n w w w w a 760 102' 30 760 00' H SOMERSET CO 16CUM'"Ab R co f Creek r VIP ..... . .... @ster Pt ain ove 0 Ft. S m i t h G bfLt.' ge ......... YZI. Q .. .. . ..... t . ..... .... rse Hammock C 0 .... ..... ..... ..... S Uth looii:@@@,rt,,arai . . . ...... .. Peachorchard Pt 0 men ..... ..... :'-,"Corner 4 Shanks..:., ......... ......... Island South t 12B 370 370 55 .. . ....... . ..... ... .......... ........ ...... ..... ..... .. . . ... .. . ... .. . . ...... . ApHerring I . . . . . . . . . . t MAP 17A ...... ..... .... ..... . ... . .... . .. ...... SOUTH POINT MARSH AREA TOPOGRAPHY AND CULTURE .. ..... .... Segment 12B J: Segment Boundary Subsegment Boundary .. ..... .. . . ..... ......... ... ...... ...... ... Isiah Thorofare P..-.,I#Iand ... ........ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T ump ump 0 1 MILE 760 102' 3d' 760 100, _j 760 102' 30" 760 100 Horsi 0 SOMERSET CO Hammock/ ACCOMACK CO n eek ar, yster Pt an Cove S 'h re, tipdge I . . ......... .. . ....... 4. 0 . ......... . .. e 11ammock Ut Poin ... ........ .. .... .... J@A Peachorcerd Pt men er 50anks Island South t 0 12B 3 0 370 7 55' MAP 17B N) SOUTH POINT MARSH AREA SHORELANDS TYPES Segment 12B SHORE Beach Extensive Marsh NEARSHORE Wide 0 ...... ...... 4C7Herring I . . . ....... .... ........... .. .... ... . ............. ... .. ......... . . .... .. .......... Fishbo@ Islaii-d Thorofare ..-.I#!and u M p 760 OZ 3d' 760 00 w n w w- w w MMMMM =mamma WON wwwwo 760 102' 30" 760 00' Hor-si ................ ..........'SOMERSET CO fiafrimock ACCOMACK CO 1RC z S. ng., reek 1RC 0 @ster Pt yain uove 'fin. 0 R C Smith 0 "Jib rse Hammock C hea.* .0.1 1RC 0 S uth Poin ar Peachorchard Pt men dw .......... .... ...... orner 4 At. Shan Isla South t 12B 370 370 55 FQ --Q ... ... ........ . ........ t ........... .4pHerring I ... ...... ... .... ... . .. . ..... . ... . ... .. ...... MAP 17C SOUTH POINT MARSH AREA . ........ FASTLAND USE, OWNERSHIREROSION Segment 12B USE .. . ..... Recreational RC OWNERSHIP Private EROSION Severe Flshb Moderate 11 Isla Thorofare V.*.I#Iand Slight or No Change No Symbol UM p 0 1 @'ILE 0 0 760102! 3d. 76T d 750 27'30" 750 25' 1 MILE 7 25 ------- @vi 0 W, J s 5 25 N x 33 741 R9 @, LQ@-- 380 00, 'em 0 rmp, 'si P v J., q 12 1 , D -,J - 011 C- v Cockle Point 7:711 IV /R P.-V u ,J6 7D9 nea C H I N C 0 T E e Iforntown B A Y 750 27 1 30's 7 75- 25' 128 750 27'30" 750 25' 0 MILE r a4v ,-/0 BIA ARY 20 V\ 33 G 0 0 380 mp Od 0 18 7 0 Sign P 7:2 r 0 0 0 HORNTOW U SHOR Segm @O FASTLAND 0C, Low Shore Poilb D 0 0 0 0 0 Moderately 0 0 0 0 Moderately 0 with Bluff Artificial Fil 5 0 SHORE k 0 Beach D Fringe Mar 0 Extensive VO 0 0 Embayed -M NEARSHORE 0 09 S7 ne Wide C H I N C 0 T E M 0 r t7 C Horntown 01 V 0 B A Y 0 :,I 750 27 1 30,11 750 129 7501 27'30" 750125' 0 1 MILE 25, 0 \x a 1@vi lic Its -14 1W kR) 25-1w 2) Q 33 714) 8 1A 11A Gu A ilk 3 (0" 00, iw@ V -Cern 3 L A 36:' 1A ,sign P IRS 712 r -1w MA 1A'@ :IVV HORNTOWN - Q1w FASTLAND USE, Z:5 ;'n/ Segmen USE Cockle )-.lRS Point Agricultural 6 Commercial Residential "@@l RS[/ Unmanaged Wooded OWNERSHIP k Private 6\ EROSION Slight or No p 1A,,\, 1 A' 709 __j 0 ne 0 M C H I N C 0 T E e@ Horntown 1AI M @rn B A Y 750 2T'30" 750 25' 130 750 27'30" 17- 0 1MILE (';Ih@bepac Horntown 38 Landing r A 'i i I - 4- 0 C, 23"- 57' 3di kv 0@ o . . ... .... .. aw "w 7@ n t psquito S, I A \VAU I L IN X21 7A 28 - --------- - - Sndp FMAP 19A WALLOPS STATION AREA NASA C- TOPOGRAPHY AND CULTU 9E',, artial, Segments 17 and 18 (p -K NcZ S '@RN SHORE& = Segment Boundary 1D75 = Subsegment Boundary 71 j,-0 '4') Shelly Bay Simoneaston -J Bay fs Mrafane Shelly n 0 5@ 75 131 750 127',30'1 0 1 MILE ? be ac@@-,@ Ce S n@own Hord 38 Lan ing 17- It 25 @z o (@iRk 370 24, zi 57. 3d fl -Ce squito oint A f 0 ;-2 X I 28 M A P 19 B' ;.nd=pi NASA WALLOPS STATION ARLA', SHORELANDS TYPES Segments 17 and 18 (partial) FASTLAND S IVFRSI Low Shore :D kr,-, Ab,r@RN D175 Moderately Low Shore SHORE N Extensive Marsh Embayed Marsh T Shelly NEARSHORE Wide oSimoneaston Bay f q Bay Kit fly 7501 27'30 132 750 F27' 30 0 1 MILE 1WI. be'ac 1A it Horntown IN 38 Landing % @? 1A a 1A A W c 1 A 3 o 7 It zs it 57' r 3611 C, 1w- it x 7 Lq It -C 1A 1A osquito int 1vv 10 s- -Z /2 C IV K -- ::F4 4" c@eague@ g 0- 2 G3 V,7 z Sar _Gr 'A- L-'- C ---(X J-bU 'iU) L L i N RN 2G@p Shelly G-1 Bay 1R Simoneaston a Bay m /--\j Shelly *9Ns an o -7- 750 27'30" 133 750 30' 750 27'30 \J E 7--4 0 0 an@@\@j y MAP 20A S d' CHINCOTEAGUE INLET AREA 370 QL 'TOPOGRAPHY AND CULTURE Segment 17 (partial))) re L Vf"-V 6 Segment Boundary % Subsegment Boundary - 1\ 140 7 Watts Bay 0 -em 41 P. c @a e,,;r u Root C)6 01 d, o)) Walker Puint Powells B jv. Z.. 3, 6 The Four Efto TIC Mouths w h I N,4 - 0o h c z ayl, h 5int ... ........ . A N 0 UES BA Y A :8M A F1-,rk V-@ 6G U E, .... . BA,. )oko@i 137 /0 . ..... Towe 750130' 750 27' 30 134 750 130' 750 127 30' 7 or'arf h V, -r_@(MAP 20B - Iz CHINCOTEAGUE INLET AREA SHORE 370 LANDS TYPES -(partial) 55' Segment 17' FASTLAND Low Shore SHORE Beach Fringe Marsh Extensive Marsh Embayed Marsh NEARSHORE 0 Watts Bay . . . . . . Wide ............ ........... . 3 ............ ......... _A"01@nt c 0 /0 P td .............. ... Pouqlls B41y.... Co // yj The Four moutis 01 S BAY 37 7501 30' 750 27' 30 135 -7- 7 5T3 75, F2 730' L E a c- F@- 'an 0 1w mon,@ea CHIN e 0, r an @wl ) \))@ FASTLAN 1A@ 370 Ir I ko C) z 0A V USE 5 5' Agri Gov 1A@ Res M u IV nm u 0 1w! @O OWNERE Priv 1A Watts Bay @wlr Fed 679 1 w EROSIOP Slig 1. -ern 4 e( lvv@ 1wl .,02 40 @a Or' 1A"/ 4) '6, J. Root u old J A A 1A, V! 1V alker Point 1RS Powells B 35@ lk@ .. .. ...... rv The Fou, A w N it -till Mouths rj 1A- w- L L clj Wi@ha 'Z @/@) 5 kx A -N 4L 1A'T VES BA Y 6 G UES.@@ 37 BAY*:@ 152 0 750 30' 75 27' 30 136 7501 32'30" 750 30' rn N, BM 8 -7 ,-30 BOGUES 9 B M@ . ........... .. ....... ....... .... ... BM 42 Ce ......... 692 "w TI ON AND) f . ........ . .. .......... ... ithe IaU)n Ap ower Womans B y a La ias OL ut Towet 41 p 689 i 07 co L 11 (t . . ..... .. ... L-T @5�3 2 a30's 75- F3O' 137 750132,30" 750 30' m 8 C) Sa i 3 BOGUES .. . ...... 9 B M, Cei .. ........ 7777' 04 I N ,tAND) C 0 0 o 0 Womans Ba,,, LS 0 L it44hot 0 0 ndm 0 0 37" C 'Tor d TA 0 ss ... 1\ \\0 0 75T-3 2' 30'1 750 30' 138 750132, 3d, 750 30' A ar Ivv . .. . ........ 4@ -3 1W W3 BOGUES ........... ....... . . .. . ......... BM, 1W. ... ... 1W 5 2 ............ 49 jau C 1 A. D) J. k.: 5 1 A .a-9 N it th 36 StaU lvv V@p Tower L& JS Womans Bay z R"m. - L Towoe ............. (IA 37 1A co 50 0 ow cl 0 -Ce 1A@ 1. 750 32'30" 750 30 139 750 35' 750 32'30" Alf MILE 18 6?) It It Q :@;elsonia @q BM 4L C e r7 \0 C Cj )qeM odest e r@ \N 681 0 99 2' IP4ars 772 A 25 z '0 @'20 ID /20 Roman BM (Uock N 22 ............ ................ . ...... CO . ............. .......... 370 47' C6 30" it it 74 - ? \U j, 15 L 750 35' 750 32' 30" 140 m m m m m m m m CA CL:k 4 C) -4 cn -n (A m > 0 Cl) 0 > 0 Ol (A m m -n co m M 0 CD Cf) P M. CD 0 > N' CD 0' 0 z 3 En 0 CD 3 CD M "< 0 cn o m R, 0 > CL CD 0 -1 En K 91 CD m Z cr, cn Cl) =r z :r =3 0 0 0 CL Cl) N) -4 -< 0 0 'fe 0 CIO 0, �r 0 0 16 (A Of 0 0 77 CA POL Cliff o CL 0. C, 00 03 t ...... ..... ....... . . . . ... ... W@ of of of to so of to to of of o,o of o.s. -ij of so -4 of so:# of 0 'so of of 750 35' 750 32,30" 0 MILE 1 A lAl @-w w SO lk lw :i%Telsonia (lA @q '6M N, 5j, ((,,Cem 41 ,Cem w Y -v 0 1A, 1 A 4odest c le 1RS lw 20-,j 681 99 A@ 1A qrs <) 25 lw 1 A elo CP w Roman BM 1 A Rock IA 0 A, 00 1A," @0' 1A P . . ..... ........ 579 zeom em 0 /-/lA 4 37C A 41' 0 A, Awl 30" 2e, lAO* 1A /e,,, i s z A W) M W I " dl, 750 1 35' 75-1 32' 30" 142 750 .1 3 5' 8 0 MILE BMI 0_ 'MAP 23A METOMKIN ISLAND TOPOGRAPHY AND CULTU Ep A0 Segment 16 (partial), 0 0 f 5 '40 Segment Boundary z 2 Subsegment Boundary Gargathy Bay Cem:-- ,;40n Vd ch Ch t PV M2 IEQ rA) A Af _N 677 it@, Metornkik Ch ack W sial 7 Ile 0 em R"111 1p 3 '41 Bm 370 22 45' 0 c Qj C, C:) 6 rave 24 X3 \27 A5 666 /6 !7\, -15 R 'k- . ........ ** .. ...... C, .. ....... f3om A 1. Landi Ce 75T3;7 143 750 35' fly X MIT, 81 2 0 1 MILE 61 Eq Cem.-.- 29 .4 \\j M Mki Gargathy ,01 Bay Uem:@ 0 y V2 ft Fe mv 4, Ch AdL nack W n He em o@, 4 23- MAP % METOMKIN ISLAND' 370 45' SHORELANDS TYPES Segment 16 (partial) @ FASTLAND Cb Low Shore @SHORE Fringe Marsh Extensive Marsh Embayed Marsh Beach NEARSHORE Intermediate 0 0 0 0 0 Wide 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 C, a I d i 0 ndi 0 Cer Q, 0 7! 144 750 35' N s I I I 1 0// 8 0 1 MILE BM 1 A 1 A oil IV, I Ioa La i 1A c 29 5 40 1RS ime mkin t 2 1 A lw Gargathy 'lRS,-. Bay Ol C;eM:, //A 0) cb Lko @Al Ch C/r m2 lw -e 617, N\0 Metomkift, Ch A ck W si4 e6 n ille 0 J, 16 c All m & em Ilk 2\' X 1A lll/-@@ IA & lw 22 Y BM 370 45' Cem,,,. Cb Cb j 8 1A C115) 6 0 ve T rave x 3 1w 27 \JA 20 Ol 4 U'l J) . .... 5 . .... C, oat Aw Landi Am e A/ 750 35' 145 750 37' 30" 744 - 0 TO P 24A MA 0 -?5 METOMKIN BAY, TOPOGRAPHY AND CULTURE ... ...... . . ... . ....... .. Segments 16 and 15 (partial) ek -arker ci 10 6-R Segment Boundary . . . . . . ... Subsegment Boundary W ............ ...... .... .... 19 18 -10 m Edge H 11 c- A,( Sandpni 20 25 0 -2 eel, 370 4@1 42' 3d' ... .....* Ull A@ U t3 20 X 7 if ........ ... ...... .. ... ........ ........ . . . ...... .. . . . /@ If 52 zo JI 14 ,V@ ......... ......... ............ ...... ..... . ..... ............. ............ ...... . ....... . . . .... . . v J@yne! ......... . . *...,...,..,.,.-...*.,....,...,[email protected].*,...@l@i*.",.,.,.@:@,..".,.,..*.-...'.,*....,.....,...",..,.@..,.,.,...,...*...--'..-.,...,..,..*'....'.....'...*..-.'....-."..*...,*...,....,..,@."...,*.-...,.@......,...,.,..,....,....'.'.."...--'.-.'[email protected]@@..-..": A(( I/ @v -20 it j o@ h, it 651 0 I MILE n ys N 750 370 30" 146 750 37'30" 744 401\ C )7 -- Ag 1@7 11 MAP 24 V r 0 /5-3 0 METOMKIN BAY 0 SHORELANDS TYPES Segments 16 and 15 (partial) 5- /'FASTLAND ar ek X jo Low Shore -j co 0 .SHORE Beach Fringe Marsh 0 Extensive Marsh - -110 . ....... . ........ ..... . . .... . . Embayed Marsh NEWROM 121; .............. . .... . ..... . ........ . . . NEARSHORE . . ................ ... . .... .......... . Intermediate 0 0 0 0 /0 uq'- -NIP 0 'IV 5-6 Sandpi 20 0. BM % ...... . . . . . . ......... ... ......... ............ . ........ ........... . .............. i .......... .......... A 370 .......... . .. . .. 42' ............... ................ . t-@ IP __j r ..... 3d' ....... . .......... .......... . . ... ............. .. . ......... ... .. .. ... ............ ... % 20 .. ... ..... X 7 tb ...... .. ....... .. . . .............. ............. -Al 0, 652 ........ . . 14' n ......... ;@"' ................. C/j . . ...... 10 ......... ... .. . ............ . ............... ......... 11 yn ... ........ . .. .. .. ..... .... ... ..... ... ............ ... . .... . ..... ......... . . .... .......... . f---j 20 f 2 % 01 '113 0 V 00 0 I MILE 0 FE@ o N k -0, 7501 370 30" 147 750 37' 30" \j 1@ 44 L 41 -,Cer nd -,,,MAP 24C"'\N idp PJL 1A METOMKIN BAY,,,--./ FASTLAND USE, OWNERSHIP, EROSION Segments 16 and 15 (partial It USE 7 _/5 Agricultural A If to,/ Unmanaged arke'r e @10 ... ..... .. Wooded W 5 10 OWNERSHIP k Private EROSION _'0 Slight or No Change No Symbol 1W . ....... 36 @: . ......... M 711 r A Edge Hi 0 1 A AV S d ni 0@ M eek e 370 b It V 42' 10 It 0 2 0 X 7 . ... ....... .......... ............ M -1A ...... ...... .. ... .... ... It 5 . . ... ... B J :I j j 0 . .. ........ ... .... .... . If @5 3 IA-) It 651 1A@ 1W ht @en S 750 1 370 30" 148 750 40' 37'3d' Henrys 0 1 MILE tf It Lig 2 Ci 40 Bm - 23 648 % 0 U) Q@ f % 37* 40' m 5 16 Pb i n "R.f.. A \0 .. ........ . . . ...... Ile Is 1 Custis 4 wn 5 ...... ............ 0 Sout GTIA urtons Shore -5- J, 10 UeM 9 0 C, 750 140' 750 137'30' 149 750 140' 1 75013-r'30" em- N 0 1 MILE @,@,MAP 25B LA .NORTH CEDAR ISLAND - CUSTU1.) NECK u SHORELANDS TYPES 10' Radio Segment 15 (partial) Tower Tower FASTLAND 0, Low Shore SHORE Beach 0 Fringe Marsh ni III IIII 10 Extensive Marsh co Embayed Marsh NEARSHORE 370 Intermediate 0 0 0 0 40' Wide 0-0 0- 10 00, 00, PSh CO V .......... co 0', .. ...... ...... .... .. r o . . ....... . h 7r h 64. istis 4 .... ...... /6 0 > s Shore 7 Ilk, U @,.Q C e nr 750 140' 750 37'30" 150 01-0 LO I. v.. ........ ......... .. LL CL "'14 17, 0 0 Name -Ice I OD LO a LLJ CL CO C\j z z cc < 3: U) tit 1 0 < CD c/)E a CL 0 e lid. c 0 0 tv 0 z w E 3: cm cr > 0 Q z a)a cc5 Lu V5 W a. .. ........ F- CO) 0 < W . . ..... . ...... .................. . ..... .. . ... ........... . U\11-1 o af pe .......... ........ . ae CID . .. .... . ... ............ .. ...... .. .V... . .... . .... Ln LC'\ 4rll '4.4 It ............. it ............ If Ap L) I It It fill kk co If jo U) 301SV-7s Zko iv, Ap 0 PTO 75-142'30" 750140' 0 I M11 f M Bmi MAP 26A wACHAPREAGUE AREA 7 '0 0 TOPOGRAPHY AND CULTURE, 647 (Cem 64 @T Segment 21 (partial) 9 0 =,Segment Boundary =R- @-FF -@-- Subsegment Boundary 10 646 10 0 . . . . . . . . . . Cem 'Chancetown Q) J, @.* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . % . ..... ... 7 0 Uem @O 6 370 4 C .37 37 1/ Cem,' 371 624 30 50 ,N?/ckaw np 10 '0 A e- Wac gue Ic '0 624 If if 10 F\') 624 10 Locust Mount' lo pmea ue 180 0 X8 605 q Gales Cem.--, Ce Herbert ChZ Opp L 10 TWA- L '11, 522 rowex.r. urlew X6 B ay 94 A .... ......... . .... ...... 570 Q 370 5 75 4(/ 3 0 Ce 40 605 75-J42'30" 750 140' 750 42'30" 0 40' 0 m 64 e Im 11 ,MAP 26B em WACHAPREAGUE AREA SHORE-LANDS TYPES Segment 21 (partial) em 647 644 FASTLAND Low Shore Ce Artificial Fill SHORE ringe Marsh Extensive Marsh /0 646 Embayed Marsh. C-\ RSHORE 10 o it Wide em em 'Chancetown Q) C B@ % 64 M 5 0 37 0 37 57, Cem-^ 379'1 30 3041 10 0 o 4@- A 7---- TO 'Wach a r ue 624 -tem 10 4 If 10 Locust Mount ic@,, pr-e e ISO X8 Gates Cem,-,, Bay Ce Herbert C@h ............. . . . . . . . . . . /0 ... .. ........ -7- )rower ............. . . . .. .. . ........... . U'r ew X6 .......... ...... ......... .... y . . ..... Qj z:@ 14 37 CJ11 - 370 35' 4V 35' .......... .. ........ . . ........ . . 0 'Ce 40 ......... .......... 605 750 142'30" 756F6' 750 42'30" 7 0 1 Milt '@Cem BIV11 Q- 1A 1W 1A 0 em@ 6404 V 30 M @A 1A 1W - 6 1W 0 C -@Ce/nl- 14 1W /0 1A 10 1W n em @1 1A c Thancetown Q) OBM W r 645 5) 7 o 1A Cem 10 1A@ n- ... 1Aj, 5 370, .................... Ceml- 37 37' 31D 30 A ,glcaw P e 10 1A V A 'Wac r figue \\@) 1A 0 624 It 0 U. 1W 1A 1W. 4@- Z 624 10 1RS Locust Moun 1 (D@, U-pnrmpeq e IK6 180 001. X8 MAP 26C 1W RS'-.' WACHAPREAGUE AREA W5 FASTLAND USE, OWNERSHIP, EROSION Cem,-,, 0 4-11 Segment 21 (partial) 1A - USE Herbert Agricultural A 1w: Ch Commercial C Residential RS 10 Unmanaged W Wooded OWNERSHIP 1H6) Private rower, - 4- Ilew EROSION X6 zy .c Sli ght or No -Change No Symbol . .. ....... 1A 14 ... ..... 370 37 35' 35' 0 Ce ............. . .. ....... ..... .. ... c'. 1A Mm 4 75-142'30" 750 140' to In a to an- 750 37'30" 750136'15 0 0 3 MAP VACHAPREAGUE INLET`5 Jin POGRAPHY AND CULTU E rr@gments 13 and 14 (partial)@@'-*,,-`@@, ell ........... . . ........ . . .. ......... . ... . .. .......... Segment Bou ndary Subsegment Boundary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0% 37@ 37 37' 37 3di 3df B U R T 0 C. 0 0 Cl;e RAT :-:v -w- ... ........ . ............. ...... ......... ....... ... 21 zt 4- 1 6-4 . . ........ andy Pt clu,@,, ubhouse arsh 3r 70 35 CHA PR EA G UE INLET each ... ........ S@lion . ............ @.Y ............... . 7%,%; -eL. ...... . ..... I MILE ...... 0 -:77 i 7- 7 ---- ------ F: :4 750 36'15" r 75OT37 30' 750 37'30" 750136 15 MAP 27B 0 WACHAPREAGUE INLET. @@SHORELANDS TYPES a K @Segments 13 and 14 4c4 FASTLAND 0 Low Shore 0 Artificial Fill Lu AS, SHORE 0 Beach Fringe Marsh 1`11111111111111111111111 0 Extensive Marsh 3r 370 Embayed Marsh .70, 37' 37' NEARSHORE 3d' Narrow 0-0-0-0 Intermediate0 0 0 0 X. Wide 0 0 0 G Ut j. ,,;Q 0 Oi. ......... ... . ... . ..... FLAT., W 21 0 0 ........... . lo 0 ... ....... 0 % . .. .... . W., 0 21 X @i X 0 142 0 ZZ, o: Ob 0 ol OP, 4: % 0 0 Nq 001 0 A. X. /00, 0 0 a ndy Pt 01-10, 0-@-O, 0-0 Rge. 0 0 0 0 S. ub ouse 0 ar 3r 0 A 35@ 70 0 35' \0 WA CH A IiR E AGUE INLET 0 0-0 1A,0 0, 0 0@- b@ 0.- 0 1A 0 each Ntio n. ......... . . ....... 0 0 0 0 It Q, 0 Ns. 10001, A 0-0 .00 0 ----- ...... .0 U 0 0 MILE T-- 0 K .'jW. 750 137'30" 750136'15" to u 750 37'30" 750136'15 MAP 27C Ile WACHAPREAGUE IN ET ,',FASTLAN D USE, OWNERSHIP, ERO ION Segments 13 and 14 (partial)" USE cab Government G Preserved PR Lu Recreational RC OWNERSHIP Private Federal 2 3r 370@% EROSION ul 37 1 37' 3d' Severe Slight or No Change No Symbol B Accretional + + + + F.. t ..... ...... via. .. .... ....... . 0 0 ....... 21 .... . .... . ......... .. .7 1@. 4.1. 21 t M I qz u >1 a ndy Pt clu,@,- ubhouse arsh 3r . . . . . . . . . . . . 370 3e C9APREA G UE INLET + x 7) -4, @Ya rrAr.A.q.. each C [email protected] -S t. 0 %tion 2G@i@ 1PR"'; ............. ............... ... .... . ........ ...... .. 0 7E ---7= -I.+-- I MILE -..: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . _7 7 'T 5 37'30" 750 36'15" 750 45' c rogstool MAP 28A -1 Cem 9 UPSHUR NECK UPSHUR BAY 743 -@'Ce TOPOGRAPHY AND CULTURE Segments 13,14, 21 (partial) 0 lit 10 T if 11 If X6 Segment Boundary If it Subsegment Boundary 10 If It it It 370 11 lp 370 em ff V) T5 a 4L, 35' 6 It /0 ap urg e 2 605 0 4@ 5 em M 7 5 10 8M ev V 0@ Kiln C e 00 0 j@ e Quinb ....... ... 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X2 ........ . ............. . ... . ..... ...... ... -A. .... ... .... ................ *..:...*.*.:.!. ............ ... .... ..... 14 .. .. ...... .. .... ........ ... .......... . . . ... ... . .. ... ... ... .... C.@ .... ......... ia. x2 ........ ... . % ... ....... .. ............. ... .... ... ...... ........... . ..... C@ ........... ... . .... ... .. ..... . ..... .... .. ..... ........... .. x2 t:% .................. ........ .... . . . .. ...... ......... ...... ....... @1,..Channel- North -Channel- - .... ............ . 0 370 37 2? M A P 30A 27 .... .. .. . 30 ....... . .. .. ..... ....... NECK SANDY IS LAN jj* jj; jj* jj; jj; jj* jj; jj; TOPOGRAPHY AND CULTURE . .. ...... ...... . ...... .... ...... Segments 13,14, 21 (partial) ... .... ..... ... .. .. ........ ............ .. ....... .... 5 . ....... .. .. .. ...... .. ......... Segment Boundary ... .. ....... .... ...... ...... ........ Eggi Subsegment Bound a ry X2 ........ . . .............. Mars .... .. ... ... :.! . .. ........ ................. . --*;@ . ..... ... ... . . ... ....; ... ....... .. ............ ..... ..... .... .... .. . .. ..... ..... 750146' ==Manama now"" www"M 7501 45' V 14 1 . ......... ? .... ......... .... .. . ......... .. AV .. . .... .. ......... A .......... 71 'o 370 370 30 30' Bordenstake Bay Q) 10 s . ..... Is A D AND ..... . . ... . .... ..... . .... . .. South Ro? -0100 p ......... ... .... ......... . ..... ..... . ........ . ..... ---@i--777: . .. .... .. . . .. ...... . :7.7 ..... ...... tt --t 16, . .. ....... ........ . ...... ... ... ........... ..... ......... . . . ..... .. X ..... ......... ittY ...... ... ..... ....... ....... t t ................ .. ..... . . ....... ...... 4, ..... ......... .......... T ....... ....... . . J. . ....... t .. ...... ... .. ...... . .... . .... ............. . .... .... ... .. ............ -; .. ... .... .. . .......... it. AP 30B ....... ...... .......... it. UPSHUR N ECK SANDYISLA .. ....... . . ..... . -'SHOREIANDS TYPES ....... ...... . ...... ...... Segments 13, 14, 21@(part .... .... .. .............- ....... ... .................. . .. .... ... ....... ...... .. ... . ............. ........... . . ............ ...... . . . ........ -, . . ............. . . ....... . .......... . . ... . ......... ........ . . ...... . ........ . ......... . ....... . .. ...... . . . . .. ...... Low Shore .................. ............ SHORE Fringe Marsh n1111111111111111111111 ........... ..... . ....... . ........... . .. ........ . ....... 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South BordenZstake t 100 . ..... . . ail ....... ......... ........... -f3 ...... ..... ......... .. .... . ... Cunjer 21 ... ........ t -k ............. .. .. e V ............. ..... . ......... it X2 .. ........... ............... ..... . .. .... . .... . . ... ....... x 2 . ..... ....... ... . ...... . ......... ..... .. .... 14 t ........ ... .. .......... ... ...... . . .... . -:TT: .......... . . .......... C. .. ........ C@ x2 .......... . .. . .. .. ........... ..... . ..... 7 ... ................ ... . ... ............ MAP 3 0 C . . .. tot . . ........ UPSHUR NECK SANDY ISLAND it it t:: .. ...... ... .... ... FASTLAND USE, OWNERSHIP, .. . . ............... . it X2 egm S ents 13, 14, 21 (parfial)@, USE Agricultural A Wooded W 370 OWNERSHIP .... . .... 370 27 Private . ...... 27' .. .. .... . .......... . ... ...... 30 t-*`"--.i--'t-tEROS ION . .... ..... 3d' Slight or No Change No Symbol Jl-i . . .... . tli .......... yo. .............. 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TOPOGRAPHY AND CULTURE 370 30 Segment 21 (partial) 30, X3 Segment Boundary Subsegment Boundary 42 I MILE 0 C 750-13i"W 750 37'30 .... ....... ar .00 410.00, le 0 X 4 0. O@O 0 .10 X. 0 21 A 0 0 09 0 00' 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 370 37* T27 0 32' 3d' 3d, 0 N, .................. . . . . ....... ..... .... . . ..... 6*0 0 . ..... ....... 0 0.6 0.0 6.6 0 6.0 0 N ittle 0 0 Beach . ..... see le .......... 4.0 0 .06 ........ .. 0 *00 0.0 0 VL7' AV Vg 0 *00 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 MAP 33B 0 PARRAMORE ISLAND .00, SHORELANDS TYPES 0 Segment 21(partial) 3r, 0 FASTLAW 70 30' Low Shore Dune SHORE ............ 0 Beach Fringe Marsh Hill 1111111111111111111 0 Extensive Marsh NEARSHORE 0 -0-0-0 Narrow 0 0 0 0 0 Intermediate 0 e I MILE 0 0 7501 37'3d' n 750 1 37 1 30 1P ........ . ... . X 4 t: .... .. ...... 117 . . . . . . . . . . 1PR 'k. e q 0 till .... ..... . ... .... ........ to d T 37A 4Q- 3 0 t/T YA Little;@! Beach@:: ... ... . .. . . ..... .. 4@ ....... .... . ..... .... .... ..... ..... V Iii:i. X3 0 Y. 6.0 11 was... MAP %33C tt. PARRAMORE ISLAND ..0 FASTLAND USE, OWNERSHIP, EROSION 3701 3r Segment 21 30 30 USE X3 Preserved PR Z OWNERSHIP Private EROSION Severe Slight or No Change No Symbol 0 I MILE 37-A 75- 37'3d' 750 125' -MAP -34A SOUTH CHINCO TEAGUE IS LAND TOPOGRAPHY AND CULTURE Segments 17,19A, 20C (partial) Segment Boundary 370 57, Subsegment Boundary 57 30 3d, ars, 19A _Ah A 0 P lei ublic La u Vire V Bo no t Guard Ah ar)s Ay_ - Station C-1 tq % 17 4: 41@ M agiw- C@21JO2@ e OJ@ 4 4 6X n 103 Sh --3 37c*, %at1l i n 7C 55' a---- P 0 Alle V 55' e .4N) 2 _Z0 ack PoirAl 0 Lan 7- 7 Black Point t ;o w 19A /Ham rl 00c _e W - 6 t@oin ficovag z .. ........ .20C' .... ......... .... . . ........ ...... .. ...... 750125' nnnumm"W" mama n W a 0 W a a W W HOI25 750122'30" .MAP 34B SOUTH CHINCOTEAGUE ISLAND SHORELANDS TYPES Segments 17, 19A, 20C (partial) FASTLAND Low Shore Moderately High.Shore A a A A 370 57' Dune 57 3d' Artificial Fill 30 SHORE Beach a; Fringe Marsh nimmimmunim Extensive Marsh Embayed Marsh J&j%M%M Artificially Stabilized -A- -A.. -A- -L- NEARSHORE Narrow 0-0-0-0 6-- -6- 0- Intermediate 0 19A 0 . ..... ..... 0 .0 di a rd OQ> ta 0- 'N. 0 17 0 V 0 ern 102 2 0 ern' "N %W7 Z102 .0 0 e 40 0. 0 M 6X 0 2103 37 Shfing 37' V. Pol t -7 010 55' 55' 0 0 A@ 0 0 ack Poi 0 La W, 0 0 .. .. ........ - Black 00, Point 0 0 .... .... . 2 19A. c loam "0 W Poin 0 p .0 10W (n ob 'fill 0 20C 0 0 j -7T.-F.1-7-71 ........... j ... ........ .......... ... 750122'3d' 75* 125' 750122'3d' MAP 34C SOUTH CHINCOTEAGUE ISLAND FASTLAND USE, OWNE RSHIP, EROSION @Segments, 17, 19A, 20C (partial) USE Commercial -C Government G 370 Preserved PR 370 ;_77 57:. Recreational RC 30 Residential RS OWNERSHIP Private a Federal 2 state 3 EROSION Severe Severe, Critical 0 Slight or No Change No Symb I 19A .... ........... .. ..... Road- -Its .4? ublic '3RC Landing a t Guard h Statio@@n JV+ V 2G u faly CC) 17 ;@ic RS'A. Cps err 102 2102 e 40 -,Cen& - Cy- RC' 37' ITC 1 S h%atl i ng 1RS' Po i 17 A@ 55' 5 2 2 L Z_ 1:59 0 Ve ack Poi' Lan Black Point 211 C) 0 .... .... .. . .... .. .......... 2 1RC- B D (N 19A 0 "Oc . ..... /Ham A= -qe W voin 9n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . < 2PRI AW 20C' . .... ... ..... q9-b t L ............ 750125, 756122'3d' U-1 OR n =M====nW= own non"Ona 750 1?-0, MAP 35A NORTH CHINCOTEAGUE ISLAND TOPOGRAPHY AND CULTURE Segments 19A, 1913, 19C, 2013, 20C, 20E (partial) Wil,4Cat P01. + Little a Segment Boundary Cove;' Harnwn Cl@ve Subsegment Boundary MinkTump oc a 4@ Boothe Bay .2 A- 0 A@,,,c -c 0 0 ..20B' Z A .--"6 'Wo 19M 0 370 %Ito 3 r 57' 57' 30 3d ve Blake Pt Blake @ove .0000, 46- t idge T. n -6X DN 20B U 4e ON Cem, e-a te Ct) 37C 371, A. ps ea 55' 55 20C @:y 0 1 MILE 1:52 A 7501 20, 75 Fid MAP 35B NORTH CH INCOTEAGUE ISLAND SHORELANDS TYPES Segments 19A, 1913, 19C, 20B, 20C, 20B(partial) Wil,4cat FASTLAND Little Ha Poll. Low Shore Ham4on C@,ve Moderately High Shore A--A--A--A Mink Tump P Dune Artificial Fill SHORE Beach -C Fringe Marsh ni Ill i in i ii im num Extensive Marsh 19 4@ Embayed Marsh jW&4VfiX?M Booth"s dy Artificially Stabilized NEARSHORE 0 Narrow 0-0-0-0 0 0 Z IV 0 0 19A 370 3 V:rl. 57 0 A 57' #1 , @11 'b C) 30 .A 0 10 3 0 I I I\V Op. ake F, % Uk, C@ R ee )% t 19C p". idge e 4- X. X 20B 0 0 LIUZ 0 IL "kxv) 0 0 .0 40 -SO ha 04, Cem V U 0 20E 0 01, 0 0 370 37C 55' 55' 0 0 0 1 MILE! ,4 12 75-120' W W W W W a W W W W w n w 0 n w 7501 20, MAP 35C NORTH CHINCOTEAGUE ISLAND BAY FASTLAND USEI OWNERSHIP, EROSION i ,9egments'19A, 19B, 19C, 20B, 20C, 20E (partial) wilf1cat USE P01, Commercial C Little Ha cove Harmon Cove Preserved PR Q Mink Tump P Recreational RC Wi4dc Residential RS Unmanaged Unwooded U ca Wooded W OWNERSHIP Private Booths Bay Federal 2 EROSION Slight or No Change NoSyMbOl 4?, q -b A r,@ 20B'-' A f 6 19A 370 4P t.. 3r 57' 7 ado 30 3 1RS Blake Pt .......... .f Blake Cove 00 k -'1R& 8 'A -7 t -0 s ? q C t anctifiedlidly .1U idge rj,@r r em a d e 1RS -:IR&@ to, Z wo ..... ... .. .. veep Hole 20B ()'I@ JI.q 5 2113 ,0'1RS 4 Cem 'R 20E C z v- 37c V d 7- 370 .zo.:R PS ea 75 V ' -- 0 55' 0 1 MILE le olo 4 F@ 750120' CD 0 M 00 \"T Fri cr ca CA tv NO NIP G CD a) a) 0 :'A U L) I@w ..!W. ............... .... .. .... IN a'u ......... C@. . . ........ ... ... . ...... man="" a woman WWWWWW";1W 750\20 0 370 Ar 0 Z 0 0 0 A-j 0 :j 0 0 2( ed 0 D C 00@ 0 20E 0 Al 0 1 0 o., 0 0 0 0 37 0 .10 --0 5, . .. .. ... .2 0 C,--, 0 ::0 ....... . .... 0 370 0 ............. . 52' 30 .0 P 36B 0 SSATEAGUE ISLAND FISHING POINT 0 ...... ....... LANDS TYPES SHORE 0 0 ents 19A, 20C, 20D, 20E ND Loy@@re. 0 Moderately High Shore A A A A 0 Dune S NF: Artificial Fill .. 'fG41t: SHORE Beach a so. 0 Fringe Marsh 1`11111111111111111111141 Extensive Marsh Artificially Stabilized 0 3V Y,17 20D ....... .. .. 5IN V of *4 . ..... 0 of 370 NEARSH 0 0 E @-0-0-0 '52' Narrow 0 INL 0 30 Intermediate 0 0 0 0 0 1 MILE Wide 1- 7 0\2 2',3 0 7 5 0\2 0' 370 M' 2PR ww 1W R C:,., JU Aft DA @2 C'@ 20E 0 0, ph IR Al I. ........ b 0 Aw IRS Ce 37 ON`- 0 0 V pa: U A2PR Qsq ? A-1 ............ .... . ..... ...... e2 120C ....... ..... 2H 370 ....... .... ...... ..... ... 'L 52' .......... 4 3d' 1AP 361C 0 ASSATEAGUE ISLAND -,FISHING POINT 0 FASTLAND USE, OWNERSHIP, EROSION 20C, 20D, 20E (partial) USE Commercial C Government G Preserved PR Recreational RC Residential IRS w OWNERSHIP Private C Federal 2 NE State 3 EROSION Severe 20D Moderate Slight or No Change No Symbol 370 Accretional + + + + 52' -1 JV U T EA 0 U_F_ INLET 30 0 L 75-\22-30" w n --757'17'30 MAP 37A ASSATEAGUE ISLAND ASSATEAGUE BAY "7f @v TOPOGRAPHY AND CULTURE A (partial) 1. i @__ < i Segments 19A, 19B, 1 19C, 20 Segment Boundary Subsegment Boundary 7 380! KN_ 00, 20A 19B 0 016 @Vvsi COO", ... 19B \6c, Ab .... ...... . . . . co .... .... . 9B 57'1 30' V, .. . ..... . .... OD 20E 2 0 B-N, c*Q A 0 19A A 6 Al T. AL 370 57' -7- @ 3d" : W-4. 19 k. C#@ A@ 0 & 20C 0 1 MILE 7 -. . - - 1, 1 750\20 750\17'30 0 MAP 37B - ASSATE ASSATEAGUE ISLAND AGU y SHORELANDS TYPES Segments 19A, 1913, 19C, 2013, 20A, 20C, 20E (partial) FASTLAND Low Shore E Dune 0 Artificial Fill 380 let SHORE 00, Beach 2 0 A )W Fringe Marsh Extensive Marsh Embayed Marsh 0 CO Artifidally Stabilized -A- -A- A- .P NEARSHORE V., ... ....... .. Narrow 0-0-0-0 0 V CO 0 . ......... . ......... .. ..... ...... ... ........ 0 0 370 X .19B 57' 3d' 0 ............. . .. ot 00 ... ..... OE ....... ... 20B" 0 N, .040 A 0 0 ry ...... 0 OYU- X 0 19A :AV V K Co 0 4:4 370 ........ 1-11 19C 57 3d'. 0 0 0 19 0 ey, ........... ... 01 20C I MILE 5-\20 750\17'30,1 MAP 37C ASSATEAGUE ISLAND - ASSATEAGUE BAY FASTLAND USE, OWNERSHIP, EROSIONbOl Segments 19A, 19B, 19C, 20A, 20B, 20E (partial) "A" USE Preserved PR Residential RS lee A0 Unmanaged 60y 00' Unwooded U 20N-@`:` Wooded W -.v OWNERSHIP Private Federal 2 EROSION ..P h Severe Slight or No Change No Symbol 370 .......... r--4 57' 30, 4 00 20E 20& t........ .... 1W 1w, 40 A 01)V 19A A- All- e Al 370 1Hb fu 'S 57' 3d' 6J11 R S 19 A, V @2PR @113 Ins, 20C 0 7 1 MILE 75-\20 v X4 15 1% 4V ......... . . 0 38 c) 02 3d' . .. .. ....... Nk, 0 of@ MAP 38A@ ASSATEAGUE ISLAND TO STATE LINE TOPOGRAPHY AND CULTURE Segments 20A and 20E!(partial) 0 41 Segment Boundary ...... 7 Subsegment Boundary ol a. 380 OD 02, 3di val ce 2 OE c -@o 380 00, 4-11 20A 01. ....... . ... 10 1 Al r---7 p T WLE 0 750\17'30" -W n W- 75 15 p!q 0 Ale*, OC- vov CyN S, 380 C) 02 C, 3d' 77. W-w" it V, MAP 38B oy ASSATEAGUE ISLAND TO STATE LINE SHORIELANDS TYPES Segments 20A and 20E(partial) FASTLAND Low Shore .0 Dune Artificial Fill SHORE 0 Beach Fringe Marsh 1`1111111111111111111111 Extensive Marsh NEARSHORE 0) Narrow 0-0-0-0 38C 0 02, 3d, 62X 0 0 20E 1;::o R; 0 K lool 0 0 38 00, 20A V. 0 0 X 1b. 0 I *U; 75; @1730" 750\15' Ake V r 40P 38 02' 30 10 MAP 38C . . ........ ASSATEAGUE ISLAND TO STATE LINE FASTLAND USE, OWNERSHIP, EROSION Segments 20A and 20E (partial) USE Preserved PR OWNERSHIP Federal 2 EROSION 0 0 Slight or No Change No Symbol co '0 ... . ... .... ... .... ...... 0 380 11-100 3d, r ,e oo ...... if. Ne, T:'; 20E t. A w: E-4 AA 380 00 20A b. A Qf 406 V0 r 7 7N17"30 AM, 4, i i a I 9 I i i 0 I I il I I i I I i - I 3 6668 00002 4622 0