[From the U.S. Government Printing Office, www.gpo.gov]



                                                                                     




                                 THE MANAGEMENT
                                                AND
                                    REGULATION OF
                             DREDGING ACTIVITIES
                                                AND
                             DREDGED MATERIAL IN
                        NEW JERSEY'S TIDAL WATERS


                                     DRAFT  - MARCH 1996











                                         US Department of Commerce
						NOAA Coastal Services Center Library
							2234 South Hobson Avenue
							Charleston, SC 29405-2413





                                        STATE OF NEW JERSEY
                       DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
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                                        EXECUTIVE SUMMAH



                 This document has been prepared by the New Jersey Department of
             Environmental Protection Dredging Task Force in order to establish
             clear and comprehensive policies and procedures for reviewing
             proposed dredging activities, and the management 'of the dredged
             material.   It has been developed in response to Governor Christine
             Whitman's   Dredged   Material   Management   Team   and    Departmental
             commitments included in the New York-New Jersey Harbor and Delaware
             Estuary Program Comprehensive Conservation and Management Plans.
             This document provides Departmental staff and project applicants
             with guidance and criteria for the required sampling, testing, and
             permitting of proposed dredging projects and various dredged
             material management alternatives.

                 The regulatory review of permit applications for dredging
             operations and/or the management of dredged material will be
             coordinated by the Department's Land Use Regulation Program.

                 Section III of the guidance document identifies the background
             information which must be submitted in support of all permit
             applications    for   dredging   and   dredged   material     management
             activities.   Testing of dredged material for contaminants will not
             always be necessary.     These testing exclusions are discussed in
             Section III-B, and Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the required
             test procedures.    In general, small dredging projects along the
             State's Atlantic Ocean coast, projects in which the dredged material
             is greater than 90% sand, and other projects where     *the Department
             has determined that the potential for sediment contamination is
             unlikely, will be excluded from extensive testing requirements.      The
             development of a sampling plan for sediments to be dredged is also
             discussed.


                 Section IV-B discusses theDepartment's program for managing and
             regulating dredging operations, including the use of Best Management
             Practices.   In most cases, dredging projects in New Jersey's
             navigable tidal waters will require a Waterfront Development Permit
             and a Water Quality Certificate (pursuant to Section 401 of the
             federal Clean Water Act).     Any discharge of dredged material will
             also require a permit from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers pursuant
             to Section 404 of the federal Clean Water Act.     Dredging activities
    X
             are also regulated by the federal government pursuant to Section 10
             of the Rivers and Harbors Act of 1899. Federally-conducted, funded,
             or permitted activities which have a direct impact on New Jersey's
             Coastal Zone, will also require a federal consistency determination
             from the Department, pursuant to the Coastal Zone Management Act.













                   A variety of potential alternatives exist for the management
               and/or beneficial use of dredged material. These include open water
               (including   ocean)    disposal    sites,   upland    confined    disposal
               facilities (CDFs), subaqueous disposal pits, and containment areas.
               Table 2 identifies the potential sediment testing and permitting
               requirements for these options.

                   Section IV-C of the document discusses Open Water disposal
               alternatives.   Disposal of dredged material in ocean waters is
               regulated by the U.S.       Army Corps of Engineers        and  the U.S.
               Environmental Protection Agency. The Department will coordinate its
               review of proposed ocean disposal operations'with these federal
               agencies.

                  Section IV-D discusses the design,          construction, operation,
               closure, and permitting of upland confined disposal facilities
               (CDFs).   Regulation of upland CDFs will be administered by the
               Department's Land Use Regulation Program, pursuant to the Waterfront
               Development Law and the State and federal Water Pollution Control
               Acts. In New Jersey's designated Coastal Zone, siting of a proposed
               upland CDF will be evaluated using the Rules on Coastal Zone
               Management.  The Department will require the owner. and/or operator
               of an upland CDF to submit an annual report to the Department,
               summarizing  the   past   year's   activities   at   the  facility.      -In
               addition, Final (and Interim, if needed) Closure Plans must be
               developed and approved by the Department for each proposed upland
               CDF.


                  The major potential adverse environmental impacts associated
               with upland CDFs are surface and ground water contamination.
               Dredged material dewatering effluent returning to the same water
               body from which the material was originally dredged will require a
               Water Quality Certificate.       A New Jersey Pollutant Discharge
               Elimination System (NJPDES) Discharge to Surface Water permit will
               be required for discharges from upland CDFs accepting material from
               single or multiple dredging sites located in a different surface
               water body. The NJPDES-Discharge to Ground Water permitting process
               for upland CDFs will consider the source and degree of contamination
               of the dredged material, as well as the use(s) and value(s) (i.e.
               classification) of the underlying aquifer. This process may include
               the following components: (1) preliminary determination of leachate
               quality from dredged sediments, (2) Ground Water Protection Plans,
               and (3) a NJPDES-Discharge to Ground Water Permit.          A NJPDES-DGW
               Permit will only be required where the maximum leachate quality of
               any contaminant is predicted to violate the Ground Water Quality
               Criteria applicable to the underlying aquifer, thus potentially
               adversely impacting the designated use(s) and value(s) of the
               aquifer.











                 Section IV-E discusses the use of subaqueous disposal pits for
             contaminated dredged material.     Use of such pits will be evaluated
             by the Land Use Regulation Program using the Rules on Coastal Zone
             Management.   Designing a pit to be properly capped, and maintaining
             the integrity of the cap, is essential.      Thus, long-term monitoring
             of the subaqueous disposal pit, its final cap, and the surrounding
             environment will be required.


                 Section    IV-F   discusses    the    construction   and    use    of
             in-water/aquatic containment areas for dredged material.       Permitting
             requirements are generally similar to those associated with upland
             CDFs.


                 Dredged material can be considered a resource, and the
             Department strongly supports its beneficial use, wherever possible,
             as opposed to exclusive reliance on disposal facilities.       Beneficial
             use alternatives for dredged material are discussed in Section V.
             These include beach nourishment, habitat' development, construction
             material, landfill cover, agricultural uses, and capping open water
             disposal sites.    The suitability of dredged material for any of
             these uses will depend on its characteristics,' particularly grain
             size and degree of contamination.







                                                      iv






                                             TABLE OF CONTENTS


                                                                                    Page



               Executive Summary    . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . .

               Chapter I     Purpose of Document    . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

               Chapter II     Overview   . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

               Chapter III     Information Required of     All Projects
                     A - Background Information     . . . . . . . . . . . . . .        4
                     B - Testing Exclusions     . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .        5
                     C - Sampling of Sediments      . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .       6

               Chapter IV - Management of Dredging Activities and
                         Dredged Material
                     A - Overview   . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . .          9
                     B - Management of Dredging Activities        . . . . . . . .      9
                     C - Open Water Alternatives
                           (1) Authority . . .    * ' * * ' * * * ' ' * * * * '       13
                           (2) Ocean Disposal     . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .       13
                           (3) Other Open Water Disposal Areas      . . . . . . .     13
                     D   Upland Confined Disposal Facilities
                           (1) Overview    . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .        15
                           (2) Design, Construction, Operation,
                                and Closure .              . . . . .. . . . . . .     16
                           (3) Surface Water D      h   es   . . . . . . . . . .      22
                                                i;c*arg*
                           (4) Ground Water Discharges     . . . . . . . . . . .      25
                           (5) Terrestrial Ecosystem Impacts        . . . . . . .     30
                           (6) Public Health Impacts     . . . . . . . . . . . .      32
                     E   Subaqueous Disposal Pits     . . . . . . . . . . . . .       34
                     F   Containment Areas      . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .       36


               Chapter V     Beneficial Use Alternatives
                     A - Overview     . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .         39
                     B - Authority    . . . . .                               . . .   39
                     C - Linkages with Other M;n;g;m;n@
                               Altematives      . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .       40
                     D - Beach Nourishment      . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .       41
                     E - Habitat Development      . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .       42
                     F - Construction Material      . . . . . . . . . . . . . .       44
                     G - Landfill Cover    . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .        45
                     H - Agricultural Use . .                                         46
                     I - Ca@pping Open Water Di;pos;l*sit;s*                          47

               Chapter  VI - References    . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .        51

               Chapter  VII    Glossary    . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .        53

               Appendix A - Quality Assurance/Quality Control Procedures              58









                                                 v






                                          List of Figures


                                                                      Follows Page



              Figure 1: Dredged Material Guidance
                 Document Testing Schematic    . . . . . . . . . . . . .     5

              Figure 2: Schematic Diagram of Potential
                 Dredged Material Disposal Alternatives   . . . . . . . .    9




                                          List of Tables


                                                                      Follows Page



              Table 1: General Sampling Guidance for
                 Proposed Dredging Projects  . . . . . . . . .               6

              Table 2: Potential Sediment Testing and
                 Permitting Requirements for Various
                 Dredged Material Disposal Alternatives   . . . . . . . .    9

              Table 3: Ground Water Quality Criteria      . . . . . . . .   26











             Draft - March 1996



                           THE MANAGEMENT AND REGULATION OF DREDGING ACTIVITIES
                             AND DREDGED MATERIAL IN NEW JERSEY'S TIDAL WATERS






                                      Chapter I - Purpose of Document

             This document establishes the policies and procedures under which the New
             Jersey Department of Environmental Protection will conduct regulatory reviews
             of dredging activities in tidal waters of the State of New Jersey and the
             management of the dredged material.     This document also provides Departmental
             staff and project applicants with general guidance and criteria for the
             required sampling, testing, and permitting of dredged material for various
             identified management     alternatives, including      potential beneficial use
             options.   These policies and procedures have been developed to ensure that
             proposed dredging projects and the management of dredged material are
             conducted so as to minimize the potential for' adverse impacts to the
             environment and public health.       This document has been developed by the
             Department    under   the   requirements    of    the   Environmental     Management
             Accountability Plan (P.L. 1991, Chapter 422) with the goal of making the
             permit application process more consistent and predictable.



                                           Chapter II - Overview

             A   Given the shallow natural depths of many tidal waterbodies and high rates
                 of s edimentat ion/ shoaling, dredging is needed to provide safe navigation
                 conditions and to maintain vessel berthing areas.      Many components of New
                 Jersey's economy including marine commerce, commercial and recreational
                 fishing, boating, and tourism are dependent on dredging for continued
                 operations.


                 In many areas of the state      sediments have become contaminanted with a
                 variety of toxic substances, including dioxin, polychlorinated biphenyls
                 (PCBs), heavy metals, pesticides, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs),
                 and volatile organic compounds (VOCs).       Sediments in tidal water bodies
                 may be contaminated as a result of discharges from industrial, municipal,
                 and storm sewer sources, marina and boating operations, and atmospheric
                 desposition.   The dredging and subsequent disposal of these sediments, if
                 not properly managed and regulated, could result in adverse impacts to the
                 envirormentand public health.

                 In contrast, tidal waters in some areas of New Jersey (particularly along
                 the Atlantic Ocean coast) have been impacted to a lesser degree by
                 pollutant discharges. As a result, sediments in these water bodies have a
                 lower potential to be contaminated at levels warranting a high degree of
                 regulatory concern.     Likewise, coarser-grained sediments do not bind
                 contaminants as strongly as finer-grained and organic sediments. Finally,
                 all else being equal, the potential for adverse impacts from smaller
                 dredging and dredged material management projects can be comparatively
                 lower than that from larger projects.









                                                        -2-


               B - The   New   Jersey   Department   of  Environmental    Protection   (NJDEP)    is
                   responsible for the evaluation and permitting of all dredging-related
                   activities that occur in the waters of the State of @New Jersey.        As part
                   of that review the Department evaluates the proposed dredged material
                   management option. Existing management options include in-water disposal,
                   upland containment/disposal, and/or beneficial use of the dredged
                   material.    The objectives of the Department's regulatory programs
                   overseeing dredged material management activities include:

                   (1)   the identification of potential adverse impacts to the environment
                         and public health which could result from a proposed activity;

                   (2)   the regulation/management of a proposed activity to ensure that any
                         potential adverse impacts are minimized;

                   (3)   the development of appropriate programs to monitor for the potential
                         adverse impacts.




                   The authority to regulate proposed dredging activities and the management
                   of dredged material is derived from the following statutes:

                         Waterfront Development Law (N.J.S.A. 12:5-3 et seq.)
                         Rules on Coastal Zone Management (N.J.A.C. 7:7E)
                         Riparian Interests (N.J.S.A. 12:3-1 et seq. & 18:56-1 et seq.)
                         New Jersey Water Pollution Control Act (N.J.S.A. 58:10A-1 et seq.)
                         Federal Water Pollution Control Act (Clean Water Act Amendments of
                             1977; 33 U.S.C. 1251, Section 401)
                         Federal Coastal Zone Management Act (16 U.S.C. 1451 et seq.)

                   The siting of upland confined disposal facilities may also be regulated by
                   the following:

                         Flood Hazard Area Control Act (N.J.S.A. 58:16A-50 et seq.)
                         Freshwater Wetlands Protection Act (N.J.S.A. 13:9B-1 et seq.)
                         Wetlands Act of 1970 (N.J.S.A. 13:9A-1 et seq.)
                         Coastal Area Facility Review Act (N.J.S.A. 13:19-1 et seq.)


              C    The regulatory review of permit applications for dredging operations and
                   the management of dredged material will be coordinated by the Department's
                   Land Use Regulation Program.         It ' is strongly recommended that a
                   pre-application meeting be held with the Land Use Regulation Program,
                   prior to the actual submittal of a permit application, to discuss the
                   proposed project, required permits, sampling and testing protocols, and
                   other information needed to evaluate the application.

                   In most cases, dredging projects in New Jersey's navigable tidal waters
                   will  require   a Waterfront     Development   Permit   and  a Water' Quality
                   Certificate (WQC; pursuant to Section 401 of the Clean Water Act
                   Amendments of 1977).      The WQC is issued jointly with the Waterfront
                   Development Permit.   While a WQG is not required for the actual dredging









                                                        -3-

                  operation, it is required for any discharge of dredged material into
                  waters of the United States associated with the dredging operation.             Any
                  such discharge will also require a permit from the US Army Corps of
                  Engineers pursuant to Section 404 of the federal Clean Water Act; the
                  Section     404    Permit     triggers    the     requirement     for    a     WQC.
                  Federal ly-conduc t ed, funded, or permitted activities, including federal
                  navigation projects, which have a direct impact on New Jersey's Coastal
                  Zone, will      require a     federal consistency      determination    from    the
                  Department, pursuant to the Coastal Zone Management Act.           The U.S. Army
                  Corps of Engineers also has authority over dredging activities conducted
                  in Waters of the United States, and federal permits are also required
                  pursuant to Section 10 of the Rivers and Harbors Act of 1899,.

                  Disposal of dredged material in ocean waters is regulated by the U.S. Army
                  Corps of Engineers (USACE) and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
                  (USEPA) pursuant to the Marine Protection, Research, and Sanctuaries Act.
                  The State of New Jersey has discretionary authority to review disposal
                  activities at ocean disposal sites pursuant to the Federal Coastal Zone
                  Management Act.     The review of proposed ocean disposal operations at
                  currently designated ocean disposal sites will be coordinated with the
                  USACE and USEPA.


              D   Solid Waste Issues


                  The Department has carefully reviewed the issue of whether dredged
                  material      constitutes      "solid     waste"     and     whether       dredging
                  activities/disposal should be regulated under        the provisions of the New
                  Jersey Solid Waste Management Act (NJSWMA).          The  term "solid waste" is
                  defined broadly to include "garbage, refuse and other discarded materials
                  resulting from industrial, commercial and agricultural operations, and
                  from domestic and community activities...".         Based upon its review, and
                  following consultation with other states and USEPA, it is clear that
                  dredged material could be considered a solid waste.

                  In order to address the appropriateness of regulating dredging activities
                  and dredged material under the solid waste regulatory program at N.J.S.A.
                  13:lE-1 et seg. and N.J.A.C. 7:26-1 et seq., the Department carefully
                  evaluated the implications of such a decision.        Historically, as a result
                  of Adminstrative Order No. 36, issued in 1983 by former NJDEP Commissioner
                  Robert E. Hughey, permitting and regulatory control of dredging activities
                  and associated in-water and upland disposal of dredged material has been'
                  managed under the provisions of the New Jersey.Water Pollution Control
                  Act.   Dredging has not been regulated under solid waste law for over 12
                  years and has never been a component of the NJSWMA district planning
                  process.


                  Following a careful review of solid waste regulatory issues, the
                  Department has concluded that the NJSWMA should not apply, and it should
                  continue to regulate upland containment/disposal /use of dredged material
                  under the provisions of the New Jersey Water Pollution Control Act,
                  Waterfront Development Law, and the other relevant statutory and
                  regulatory authorities listed in Section II-B.










                                                  -4-




                           Chapter III - Information Required of All Projects



             A   Background Information


                 In order for the Land Use Regulation Program to dete  rmine what specific
                 sampling and testing is required for a proposed dredging project and the
                 management of the dredged material, background information must be
                 submitted to the Department.    It is strongly encouraged that potential
                 applicants schedule a pre-application meeting with the Department once
                 this background information has been gathered.  The following information
                 shall be submitted to the Land Use Regulation Program with the
                 preapplication request:



                      1.  A USGS quadrangle or county map identifying the dredging project
                          area.


                      2.  The proposed dredging method, project depth and areal extent of
                          project.

                      3.  A bathymetric survey of the dredging site taken within the past
                          6 months.   All hydrographic surveys -shall be performed by an
                          ACSM (American Congress of Surveying and Mapping) certified
                          hydrographer, a licensed land surveyor with 5 years hydrographic
                          experience, or a professional engineer.

                      4.  The location of the proposed disposal area and method of
                          transporting material to the disposal area.

                      5.  The estimated volume of dredged material and length of time
                          necessary to conduct the dredging project, including approximate
                          number of barge trips, if applicable.

                      6.  An inventory of aquatic resources in the area to be dredged such
                          as shellfish beds, eel grass beds, migratory pathways for
                          finfish, and other aquatic organisms. Mapping of many resources
                          is available from the Land Use Regulation Program.   The Program
                          may require surveys if-insufficient data is available.

                      7.  The location and type ofall existing outfalls to surface waters
                          on site and within 500 feet of the site.


                      8.  Where available, a ten year history and summary of past dredging
                          events, including grain size, Total Organic Carbon, percentage
                          moisture, and bulk sediment chemistry analysis data.

                      9.  The past history of on-site and adjacent land uses, and
                          documented spills either on land or into surface waters.








                                                      -5-



                       10. An inventory of known and suspected historic upstream and
                            downstream spills and unauthorized discharges of pollutants.

                       11. The location of any potable water intakes within one mile of the
                            disposal site.



                  The above information will be utilized by the Department to determine the
                  potential of sediments in the dredging project area to contain
                  contaminants,   in an effort to minimize the testing requirements for
                  applicants, and to develop a sampling plan.         Any additional available
                  information related to potential contamination or non-contamination of the
                  sediments should also be submitted.


             B    Testing Exclusions


                  Testing of dredged material for contaminants will not always be
                  necessary.   Based on the volume of dredged material, the potential for
                  contaminants   to   be   present,   and   the   proposed    management/disposal
                  alternative, the Department has developed the following four cases in
                  which dredged material will be excluded from bulk sediment chemistry and
                  modified elutriate testing (see Figure 1). ' For exclusions from testing
                  for evaluation of ground water impacts, see Section IV-C(4).


                       Case 1:


                       No further testing will be required if:         (1) the material to be
                       dredged is more than 90% sand (grain size >0.0625 mm) and (2) the
                       percent   moisture,   Total    Organic   Carbon   or   other    background
                       information do not lead the Department to believe the material may be
                       contaminanted.


                       Case 2:


                       Projects where less than 1,000 cubic yards of dredged material will
                       be removed over the 5-year lift of the Waterfront Development Permit
                       and disposal will occur in a Subaqueous Disposal Pit approved by the
                       Department.


                       Case 3:


                       For dredging sites south of the Atlantic Ocean side of Sandy Hook to
                       the western entrance of the Cape May Canal, including the Navesink
                       and Shrewsbury Rivers, no testing of dredged material. will be
                       required if all of the following requirements are met.

                       a.   less than 1,000 cubic yards of dredged material will be removed
                            over the 5-year life of the Waterfront Development permit, and

                       b.   disposal is proposed in an area which will not be subject to
                            residential or recreational use.





                     Figure 1: Dredged Material Guidance Document Testing Schematic


                                                    ALL PROJECTS
                                                        Bathymetry
                                                         Volume
                                                    Grain Size Analysis
                                                   Total Organic Carbon
                                                     Percent Moisture





                                                        Sediments
                                                   > 90% sand & other                    YES
                                                       information



                                                            NO


                                                         Volume
                                                 <.I 000 yd' & disposal'@                 YES-
                                                   subaqueous disposal
                                                             pit


                                                            NO


                                                   Dredging Location:
                           NO-                Sandy Hook - Cape May Canal
                                              Navesink & Shrewsbury Rivers


                                                            YES



                                                         Volume
                                                     < 000 yd3 w/ no                       YES
                                            residential or recreational exposure
                                                     @ disposal site


                                                            NO


        ulk sediment chemistry                          Volume <
                                                5000 yd3 w/ no industry or
      & other testing varying on
       disposal alternative - see NO          manna use & No residential or        YES+CNo additional testing
               Table 2                           recreational exposure @
                                                       disposal site
                                                         Volume
                                                     <10 0  yd3W /no
                                      <residenfia]loro@e reational >exposure
                                                     @ S@sal    site









               *Note: Additional testing will be required for ocean disposal and may be required for
               beneficial use.








                                                       -6-


                       Case 4:


                       For dredging sites south of the Atlantic Ocean side of Sandy        Hook to
                       the western entrance of the Cape May Canal, including the Navesink
                       and Shrewsbury Rivers, no testing of dredged material will be
                       required if all of the following requirements are met.

                       a.    less than 5,000 cubic yards of dredged material will be removed
                             over the 5-year life of the Waterfront Development permit, and

                       b.    there has not been an historic or current upland industrial use
                             and  the   site   is    not now   or   previously   occupied   by    a
                             marina/marine basin of 25 or more boat slips, and

                       C.    disposal is proposed in an area which will not be subject to
                             residential or recreational use.



                       If none of the above four exclusions are met, the Department will
                       consider reducing the testing requirements.        This decision will be
                       based on a review of the historical testing data (including the
                       detection limit and methodology used, and parameters tested for) as
                       well as the Department's knowledge 'of the area (including the
                       occurrence of spills or unauthorized discharges of pollutants, and
                       the location of nearby outfalls).



             C    Sampling of Sediments

                       The proposed sampling plan must be presented to the Land Use
                       Regulation Program for review and approval prior to samples being
                       taken. The sampling plan must include the following information:

                       (1) Sampling locations:

                             a.   Sample   locations   should be    chosen   so  as   to    provide
                                  representative information on grain size, Total Organic
                                  Carbon, and percentage moisture of the sediments to be
                                  dredged.


                             b.   In order to evaluate contamination of the sediments by
                                  pollutants, the sampling locations must be biased toward
                                  the   positions     of  any   outfalls,    tributaries,     other
                                  industrial    sources,     historical    spill     areas,     and
                                  depositional (shoaling) zones.       Previous test data for
                                  maintenance dredging projects must also be taken into
                                  account when choosing sampling locations.

                                  For general guidance, especially for approximate number of
                                  samples to be taken per volume of sediment to be- removed,
                                  refer to Table 1.    However, each project will be assessed
                                  on a site-specific basis.











              Table 1: General Sampling Guidance for Proposed Dredging Projects


              Proiect Size (cubic Yards)


              Greater than         Less than or         Number of            Yards per
                  but                Equal to            Samples              Sample



              1,300                  3,600                   2                1,800
              3,600                  6,000                   3                3,000
              6,000                  8,400                   4                2,100
              8,400                  10,700                  5                2,140
              10,700                 13,000                  6                2,166
              13,000                 21,800                  7
              21,800                 30,500                  8                3,750
              30,500                 39,000                  9                4,333
              39,000                 48,000                10                 4,800
              48,000                 56,500                11                 5,136
              56,500                 65,000                12                 5,416
              65,000                 76,000                13                 5,846
              76,000                 87,000                14                 6,214
              87,000                 98,000                15                 6,533
              98,000               109,000                 16                 6,812
              109,000              120,000                 17                 7,058
              120,000              131,000                 18                 7,277
              131,000              184,000                 19                 9,684
              184,000              238,000                 20                11,333
              238,000              281,000                 21                13,857
              281,000              345,000                 22                15,681
              345,000              398,000                 23                17,304
              398,000              452,000                 24                18,833
              452,000              505,000                 25                20,200
              505,000              559,000                 26                21,500
              559,000              612,000                 27                22,666
              612,000              666,000                 2*8               23,785
              666,000              719,000                 29                24,793
              719,000              773,000                 30                25,766
              773,000              803,000                 31                25,903
              803,000              880,000                 32                27,500
              880,000              933,000                 33                28,272
              933,000              987,000                 34                29,029
              987,000              1,040,000               35                29,714


              Source: "Guidance   for the Collection and   Preparation of Sediments
                         for Physico-chemical Characterization and Biological
                        Assessment", Environment Canada.









                                                        -7-

                              C.   Where ocean disposal is proposed, the Department will
                                   accept the sampling plan and analysis of results submitted
                                   to the federal agencies in accordance with the U.S. Army
                                   Corps of Engineers and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
                                   February 1991 Evaluation of Dredged Material Proposed for
                                   Ocean Disposal - Testing Manual and the December 1992
                                   Regional Guidance Manual for USEPA Region II entitled
                                   "Guidance for Performing Tests on Dredged Material Proposed
                                   for Ocean Disposal", and any subsequent revisions thereto.
                                   However, the Department will coordinate with the U.S. Army
                                   Corps of Engineers in the approval of sampling plans and
                                   testing for ocean disposal projects in New Jersey waters to
                                   address surface water quality concerns at the dredging
                                   site.


                        (2)..Method of sampling

                             a.    In order for the data to be valid,           all sediment core
                                   samples must be taken in accordance with the guidance
                                   specified in this Section and in Appendix A.             Table 1
                                   specifies the approximate number of sediment core samples
                                   to be taken per the volume of sediment to be              dredged,
                                   excerpted   from   an   Environment    Canada   draft     document
                                   "Guidance for the Collection and Preparation of Sediments
                                   for   Physico-chemical     Characterization     and    Biological
                                   Assessment".    This. guidance must be used for the total
                                   number of core samples which will be necessary to fully
                                   characterize    the   dredging   project.     In   most     cases,
                                   individual core sample   -s may be composited for analytical
                                   purposes, following the guidance in 2(d).

                             b.    Core samples are to be taken to the proposed project depth
                                   plus allowable overdredge (2 feet).

                             C.    Each core shall be described. Grain size analysis shall be
                                   required,  using the method of R.L. Folk, 1969 (cited in
                                   Section VI - References). A core may be homogenized unless
                                   there are distinct strata in grain size and composition
                                   which are  at least 2 feet in depth.       The Department    shall
                                   be   notified    of   any   cores    that    show   grain     size
                                   stratification prior to homogenizing.      For cores that show-
                                   grain size stratification, each strata with a depth         of 2
                                   feet or greater must be tested for grain size,               Total
                                   Organic Carbon and percentage moisture.

                             d.    Samples may be composited using the following general
                                   guidelines.   The Department must be contacted prior to
                                   compositing:

                                   1.   Separate cores may be composited only if the grain
                                        size and likelihood of contamination is uniform based
                                        on   depositional     characteristics,     spill    history,
                                        location of outfalls, etc.










                                                         -8-



                                    2.    The number of  cores to be composited should be kept to
                                          a minimum and  not exceed 3 cores. Minimal compositing
                                          will serve     to   fully   characterize    the sediments
                                          proposed for dredging and disposal.

                                    3.    At least three analytical samples must be taken per
                                          reach.   A reach is a continuous stretch of waterway
                                          not separated by any structure and subject to similar
                                          hydrodynamic and depositional features as well as
                                          similar upland inputs.         Reach boundaries must be
                                          approved by the Department.

                              e.    In those cases in which there is a potential for the
                                    uncovering of more contaminated sediment, such as new work
                                    dredging projects in shoaling           zones   and    maintenance
                                    dredging projects which,proposed a deeper depth, the -bottom
                                    6 inches of each core will be separated from the remainder
                                    of the core and reserved.      The   material shall be visually
                                    inspected to determine if it is      predominantly sand, gravel,
                                    silt   or   clay.    The   bottom    6  inches    is    considered
                                    representative of the material       that will be exposed as a
                                    result of dredging.     If the 6     inches sample is less than
                                   ,90% sand, as determined by         grain size analysis, bulk
                                    sediment chemistry analysis will be required.









                                                       -9-




                     Chapter IV - Management of Dredging Activities and Dredged Material


              A - Overview


                  Section IV-B discusses the Department's program for managing and
                  regulating dredging operations and activities, including the use of Best
                  Management Practices.

                  A variety of potential alternatives exist           for the management and/or
                  beneficial use of dredged material.       These include open water (including
                  ocean) disposal sites, upland confined disposal facilities (CDFs),
                  subaqueous    disposal    pits,   and   containment    areas.    Beneficial     use
                  alternatives include beach nourishment, habitat development, construction
                  material, landfill cover, agricultural uses and capping open water
                  disposal sites.

                  These dredged material management alternatives and applicable regulatory
                  requirements and procedures are discussed in detail in this section and
                  Section V.    Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of potential dredged material
                  disposal alternatives.     Table 2 summarizes the potential sediment testing
                  and permitting requirements for these alternatives.

                  Permit application procedures for dredging operations and the dredged
                  material management alternatives, including sediment sampling and testing
                  protocols, were discussed in Section III.

                  (Note:    the construction and operation of dredged material containment
                  islands and the use of decontamination technologies are currently under
                  investigation by the State of New Jersey, in cooperation with various
                  federal agencies.    As these dredged material management alternatives are
                  not currently available, they are not discussed in this guidance document.)




              B - Management of Dredging Activities



              (1)  Authority/Permitting Process:      refer to Sections II-B,C for a discussion
              of  relevant   statutes,    regulations,   and   an overview     of  the   permitting'
              process.    The Department's Land Use Regulation Program will review proposed
              dredging operations under the Rules on Coastal Zone Management (N.J.A.C.
              7:7E), as amended to July 19, 1994.        These Rules provide the basis for the
              Department's review, including an evaluation of the locational requirements
              for the issuance of permits for maintenance and new dredging projects.

              The riparian statutes contained within Titles 18A (N.J.S.A. 18A:56-1 et seq.)
              and 12 (NJSA 12:3-1 et seq.) may also apply to a dredging project.           Tidelands
              conveyances are not required when dredged material is removed from tidelands
              and placed in a different tidelands location.            This would include ocean
              disposal operations, reprofiling, or disposal into subaqueous disposal pits.
              It would also include placement on upland sites which are State-owned
              tidelands.




          Figure 2:        Schematic Diagram of Potential Dredge
                          Material Disposal Alternatives





                                                                                               CDF
       open water confined disposal
        disposal            facility (CDF)                                CDF



       (open water)            (island)                              (nearshore area)        (uplands)

                                                      containment

                                                         area

                        subaqueous
                        disposal pit







                  Table 2: Potential Sediment Testing and Permitting Requirements
                             for Various Dredged Material Disposal Alternatives


              Management           Open      SAD        Containment'        Upland
              Alternative:         Water     Pits          Area               CDF


              Tests:


              Physical Analysis      R        R             R                 R


              Bulk Sediment          R*       R*            R*                R*
                Chemistry

              Modified Elutriate     (1)     (1)            R*                R*

              SBLT                   -        -             (2)               (2)

              Bioassay               ?


              Permits:


              Waterfront Dev.        R        R             R                PR


              Tidelands Instr.       R        R             R                PR


              Water Quality Cert.    R        R             R                R


              NJPDES-DSW             -        -


              NJPDES-DGW             -        -             (2)              (2)


              Stream Encroach.       -        -             PR               PR


              CAFRA                  -        -             PR               PR


              Freshwater Wet.        -        -             PR               PR


              Coastal Wetlands       -        -             PR               PR



              Key: R - required in  all cases
                   R*   required except where sediments meet applicable
                        testing exclusion criteria (see Section III-B)
                   ? - may be required depending on Bulk Sediment Chemistry data
                   (1) may be required when dredged material originates in a
                       waterbody different from that in which the disposal site is
                       located
                   (2) may be required depending upon the results of site specific
                       groundwater impact evaluations and/or sediment
                       characteristics
                   PR   potentially required if facility is to be located in an
                        area regulated by the listed program










                                                        _10-


              Construction of a subaqueous disposal pit by the removal of material may
              require a tidelands conveyance.         If the dredged material is placed in an
              upland location which is not State-owned tidelands by an entity other than the
              State or federal government, a tidelands conveyance or agreement, approved by
              all the required officials (including the Tidelands Resource Council, the
              Commissioner of the NJDEP, the Attorney General, and the Governor), is
              required.

              [Note:   In additi-on to required State permits, permits will be required from
              the USACE pursuant to Section 10 of the Rivers and Harbors Act of 1899 and
              Section 404 of the federal Clean Water Act.]

              (2)   Potential Impacts/Regulatory Objectives:       potential adverse environmental
              impacts associated with dredging operations arise from (1) the destruction of
              benthic habitat as a direct result of the operation, and (2) the dispersal of
              sediments and associated contaminants away from the dredging area.                    The
              Department's objectives in regulating dredging operations are to minimize the
              potential for such impacts to occur.

              In general, benthic organisms will rapidly recolonize areas that have been
              dredged.    However, new dredging should avoid impacting areas of ecological
              importance.    The Rules on Coastal Zone Management provide the basis for the
              Department's review of proposed dredging projects and evaluation of the
              potential impact of dredging projects. In its review of the location and need
              for any dredging operation, the Land Use Regulation Program will consider
              direct and indirect impacts to sensitive areas, such as shellfish beds and
              finfish migratory pathways.

              The dispersal of sediments away from the dredging area may result in adverse
              impacts.    Impacts could result from the direct physical settlement of the
              dispersed sediments onto sensitive benthic areas.          Dispersal of contaminants
              associated with these sediments could have impacts to both benthic and water
              column food webs.      The Department has developed a list of Best Management
              Practices which should be used to minimize the creation and dispersal of
              suspended sediments during dredging operations.

              The Department is also concerned about the potential long-term and cumulative
              impacts of dredging operations.         The potential for such impacts will be
              evaluated as part of the Land Use Regulation Program's review of proposed
              dredging projects.

              (3) Best Management Practices (BMPs): the Department has identified a number
              of BMPs which should be used to minimize the potential for, and magnitude of,
              adverse environmental impacts that could result from dredging operations.            The
              need for any BMPs will be determined by the Department and will be included as
              permit conditions.     The applicability of the use of a particular BMP for a
              dredging project will be evaluated by the Department in consultation with the
              permit applicant.

              The effectiveness of a particular BMP to minimize potential adverse impacts
              will vary with the conditions present at a particular dredging operation.
              Thus, the Department will consider this list of BMPs as a "menu", from which
              those practices anticipated to be most effective and           ' implementable for a
              particular dredging project can be selected. The use of these BMPs would then
              be incorporated as conditions into the permits issued by the Department for
              the dredging operation.










               The following BMPs have been identified by the Department.        This list is not
               intended to be all inclusive, and additional BMPs will be considered by the
               Department.

                   *Hydraulic Dredging - this method can be used when the channel or berthing
               area configuration, the type of sediments to be dredged, and the volume of
               dredged material allows it.        Hydraulic dredging is preferable when an
               acceptable upland confined disposal facility (CDF) is available within pumping
               distance of the dredging area.         It reduces the, generation of suspended
               sediments at the dredging site.          However, this method results in the
               production of large volumes of a high percent water content dredged material
               slurry.  Thus, the proposed upland CDF must be designed and operated to accept
               .Such material.


                   *Closed Clamshell - the use of a closed, watertight clamshell reduces the
               production of suspended solids at the dredging site.       A closed clamshell will
               be required by the Department when the sediments to be dredged are
               contaminated at levels warranting concern.      A closed clamshell would also be
               required by the Department whenever a no-barge-overflow permit condition is in
               effect.


                   *Dredging Practices - a number of procedures can be employed by the
               dredging contractor to minimize the creation and dispersal of suspended
               sediments when using a clamshell dredge. These include:

                   (1) maximizing the size of the "bite" taken by the clamshell.         This also
               results in a minimization of the number of "bites" needed to dredge a
               particular volume of sediment;

                   (2) slowly withdrawing the clamshell through the water column;

                   (3) not hosing down or rinsing sediments off the sides and gunwales of the
               barge.

                   *No-Barge-Overflow - this BMP reduces the creation and dispersal of
               suspended sediments when finer-grained sediments are dredged.           It will be
               required by the Department when the dredged material is contaminated at levels
               warranting concern.   Except as noted below, this condition will always apply
               to dredging operations in Newark Bay, the Passaic River and its tidal
               tributaries from Newark Bay to Dundee Dam, the Hackensack River and its tidal
               tributaries from Newark Bay to Oradell Dam, the Kill Van Kull, the Arthur
               Kill, Elizabeth Channel, City Channel, and Upper New York Bay. This condition
               will also apply when the dredged material is to be rehydrated as part of its
               disposal/management.

                   However, in most cases, barge-overflow will be permitted when the dredged
               material will be taken to a designated ocean disposal site.           Use of barge
               overflow in such projects will tend to produce a more consolidated dredged
               material. This will result in less dispersal of dredged material at the ocean
               disposal site.   Thus, while impacts may be greater at the dredging site, the
               impacts of disposal will be reduced.









                                                    -12-



                  *Shunting - this BMP involves the active pumping of free water in a barge
              to the bottom of the water column at the dredging site. It may act to reduce
              turbidity in -the upper water column. The discharge end of the shunting system
              must include a diffuser in order to minimize the potential for additional
              disruption of benthic sediments.   Additionally, the pumping rate and location
              of the discharge must not result in the disruption of in-place sediments.
              This BMP could be used as an alternative to barge-overflow in reducing the
              volume of water in the barge.

                  *Seasonal /Migratory Periods - depending   on the location of the dredging
              area, the Department may prohibit operations   during certain times of the year
              to minimize potential adverse impacts to anadromous or other migratory
              finfish, nesting shorebirds, etc.

                  *In certain semi-enclosed water bodies, dredging only on the incoming tide
              may provide additional time for suspended sediments to settle, thus minimizing
              the dispersal of contaminated sediments out of the water body.

                  *Dredging contractors may be required to employ independent, on-board
              dredging inspectors certified by the USACE. These inspectors will observe the
              dredging and disposal     operations  to  ensure compliance with all permit
              conditions.


                  *Silt curtains may be practical   for use in areas where the water current
              is less than one (1) knot.    The use of silt curtains may minimize the upper
              water column dispersal of sediments from the dredging area.       This BMP     can
              also be used to protect tidal creeks, etc. adjacent to the dredging area.

                  *Split-hull barges should only be  used in dredging projects which will use
              open water disposal methods.

              (4) Testing Requirements:    Section  III discusses the sampling and testing
              required for all proposed dredging projects.    Sediments which do not qualify
              for a testing exclusion, as described in Section III-B, may require additional
              bulk sediment and/or modified elutriate testing.     This will be determined by
              the Department on a case-by-case basis.      To evaluate potential impacts to
              estuarine benthic communities as a result of the dispersal of contaminated
              suspended sediments, the Department will compare the bulk sediment chemistry
              data with the guideline values developed by Long et al. (1995), on a,
              case-by-case basis.









                                                     -13-



              C - Open Water Alternatives


                  (1) Authority:   refer to Sections II-B,      C for a listing of relevant
                  statutes and regulations.

                  All Open Water disposal operations in State waters require a Water Quality
                  Certificate (this is required in conjunction with the permit is    'sued by the
                  USACE pursuant to Section 404 of the Clean Water Act) .            Non-federal
                  projects also require a Waterfront Development permit (which is a federal
                  consistency determination). Federal ly-conduct ed or funded projects require
                  only a federal consistency determination (i.e. a Waterfront Development
                  permit is not required).    All of these permits are issued by the Land Use
                  Regulation Program.

                  (2) Ocean Disposal:

                       (a)  Overview.    There are currently 6 federally authorized ocean
                            disposal sites in proximity to New Jersey.        They are the Mud
                            Dump site (approximately six miles offshore of Sea Bright),
                            sites at Shark River Inlet, Manasquan Inlet, Cold Spring/Cape
                            May Inlet, and Absecon Inlet (the Inlet sites may only be used
                            for the disposal of sand dredged from each inlet), and Buoy 10
                            in Delaware Bay (the Buoy 10 site may     only be used for disposal
                            of dredged material from specific        reaches on the Delaware
                            River).   The expansion of any of these sites or the designation
                            of new sites will require a federal consistency determination
                            from the Land Use Regulation Program.       In addition, individual
                            disposal    operations   will   require    a   federal   consistency
                            determination.


                       (b)  Testing Requirements. Disposal of dredged material in ocean
                            waters is regulated by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE)
                            and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) pursuant to
                            the Marine Protection, Research, and Sanctuaries Act. The State
                            of New Jersey has discretionary authority to review disposal
                            activities at ocean disposal sites pursuant to the Federal
                            Coastal Zone Management Act.       The review of proposed ocean
                            disposal operations at currently designated ocean disposal sites
                            will be coordinated with the USACE and USEPA.' Through the
                            Dredged Material Management Forum of the NY-NJ Harbor Estuary
                            Program, the Department, USACE and USEPA are working to develop
                            coordinated sampling, testing and criteria for ocean disposal.

                  (3) Other Open Water Disposal Areas:

                       (a)  Overview.   Dredged material can be placed in nearshore waters
                            through sidecasting, reprofiling, interpier disposal or other
                            means.   If the material will be contained by a bulkhead, berm,
                            subaqueous pit, etc., it will not be considered Open Water
                            disposal, but will be regulated as a Containment Area (see
                            Section IV-F).










                                                        -14-



                              The following open water disposal sites have been approved by
                              the Department and used repeatedly for disposal of sand dredged
                              from the Intracoastal Waterway.          Proposals for Open Water
                              disposal at these sites (or new proposed sites) will be reviewed
                              by the Department on a case-by-case basis: North of Gull Island
                              in Great Sound, West of Pullen Island in Great Bay.

                        (b)   Permitting Process. Open Water disposal is suitable only in the
                              designated areas and where the dredged material is at least 90%
                              sand.   Further, practicable upland disposal alternatives must
                              not be available.      Disposal at a designated Open Water site
                              requires a Waterfront Development permit (with the exception of
                              federal projects), a Water Quality Certificate, and a federal
                              consistency determination. (Note: a Clean Water Act Section 404
                              Permit will also be required from the USACE.)

                        (c)   Potential Im-pacts/ReAulatory Obiectives.       Disposal at an Open
                              Water   site   requires   a    demonstration   that   no    practicable
                              alternative site exists, federal and           State Water Quality
                              Standards will be met, and potential           adverse environmental
                              impacts will be minimized.         An. evaluation of the proposed
                              disposal operation will be made using the Rules on Coastal Zone
                              Management (N.J.A.C. 7:7E) to ensure that sensitive areas will
                              not be adversely affected.     Sensitive areas include but are no t
                              limited to shellfish habitat, prime fishing areas, submerged
                              vegetation, shallow water habitat, and threatened and endangered
                              species habitat. Open Water disposal is prohibited in tidal
                              guts, man-made harbors, medium rivers, streams, and creeks due
                              to the inability of smaller waterways to assimilate many
                              pollutants (refer to the Rules on Coastal Zone Management for
                              definition/identification of these types of water bodies).
                              Disposal is discouraged in all other waterways, except the ocean
                              and bays greater than 6 feet deep.

                        (d)   Testing Requirements,     Required testing of dredged material to
                              be disposed of at an Open Water Site includes an analysis of
                              sediment cores for grain size, Total Organic Carbon and percent
                              moisture to demonstrate that the criterion of greater than 90%
                              sand is met. See Section III-C for sampling procedures.









                                                        -15-





              D - Upland Confined Disposal Facilities


                   (1) Overview: Sediments in New Jersey's tidal waters may be impacted to
                   varying degrees by a number of pollutants.              Not all sediments are
                   considered to be "contaminated".       When sediments are    contaminated, it is
                   generally believed that the degree of contamination is       such that placement
                   of the sediments in appropriately managed upland confined disposal
                   facilities (CDFs) would not result in significant            adverse impacts to
                   terrestrial ecosystems or pose risks to public health.              However, the
                   presence of these same sediments in an aquatic environment could result in
                   significant adverse impacts to the aquatic ecosystem.             Thus, in most
                   cases, it is preferable that contaminanted sediments be removed from the
                   aquatic environment and contained in appropriate upland facilities (or
                   decontaminanted    when    appropriate     technologies    are    available     and
                   practicable.)


                   The Department',s regulatory programs are designed to identify and minimize
                   potential    adverse    environmental     impacts    resulting    from     proposed
                   activities.    For dredged material upland CDFs the magnitude of these
                   impacts are dependent upon the:

                   (a)  location of the facility and site-specific conditions (including,
                        compatibility with adjacent and nearby land.uses);

                   (b)  characteristics of the dredged material proposed for placement at the
                        facility;

                   (c)  design and construction of the facility;

                   (d)  operation of the facility;

                   (e)  final closure and use of the facility site.

                   These  five   factors will     be   considered    collectively,    as   regulatory
                   decisions will be based on a comprehensive review of a proposed upland
                   CDF.  With proper design and operation of the upland CDF, the potential
                   for adverse impacts can be reduced significantly.           Upland CDFs will be
                   designed, permitted, and operated on a case-by-case basis.

                   Siting of a proposed upland CDF will be addressed by the Department's Land
                   Use Regulation Program.      In New Jersey's designated Coastal Zone, the
                   Rules on Coastal Zone Management will be applied to proposed sites. These
                   Rules include constraints on the types of activities which can occur in
                   various types of coastal areas.         In addition, a number of regulatory
                   programs, such as the Freshwater Wetlands Protection Act and the Flood
                   Hazard Area Control Act, may restrict the use of a particular site.

                   The major potential adverse environmental impacts associated with the
                   .upland containment of dredged material are surface and ground water
                   contamination.    Testing of dredged material for upland containment is
                   driven, in large part, by the potential for contamination of surface and










                                                      -16-


                   groundwaters.   The discharge of contaminants from upland CDFs to surface
                   water must be controlled to minimize potential adverse impacts to the
                   aquatic ecosystem.    The Department's testing requirements and evaluation
                   protocols for surface and groundwater discharges are discussed in detail
                   in Sections IV-D(3) and IV-D(4), respectively.

                   Potential adverse impacts could result from the dispersal of contaminants
                   into terrestrial ecosystems and subsequent effects on receptor organisms.
                   The upland CDF must be designed and operated to minimize the dispersal of
                   contaminants.   A number of management techniques are available to address
                   this concern. This topic is discussed in more detail in Section IV-C(5).

                   Potential adverse impacts to public health could result from human
                   exposure to dredged material contaminated at levels which have been
                   identified as being of concern.          Potential exposure pathways with
                   contaminanted dredged material must be identified and controlled.           This
                   topic is discussed in more detail in Section IV-C(6).

                   End-use(s) and final closure of the upland CDF site must also be addressed
                   in the regulatory process.      Long-term impacts of the facility will be
                   evaluated and appropriate management actions to minimize such impacts
                   required. These concerns are discussed in more detail in Section IV-C(2).



              (2) Design, Construction, Operation, and Closure:

              (a) Authority.      The Department will regulate the design, construction,
              operation, and closure of upland CDFs pursuant to the Waterfront Development
              statute.    The New Jersey Flood Hazard Regulations and the Coastal Area
              Facilities Review Act may also be applicable.          The Division of Solid and
              Hazardous Waste will conduct the technical/engineering review of proposed
              facilities.



              (b) Potential Impacts/Regulatory Objectives). Potential adverse impacts which
              could result from the operation and interim/final closure of an upland CDF
              would be  caused by the unintended dispersal of contaminants out of the upland
              CDF into. the environment.    These potential impacts are discussed in detail in
              Sections  IV-D(l), (3), (4), (5), and (6).        Potential contaminant migration
              pathways and exposure hazards can be minimized and controlled through
              oversight of the design, construction, operation, and interim/final closure of
              the upland CDF.



                   i. Design and Construction - an upland CDF is not fundamentally different
              in the structural aspects of its design from any earthen berm.           It must be
              capable of resisting the forces exerted by the      weight of the dredged material
              placed within it and the hydraulic forces exerted by adjoining surface water
              bodies,   underlying   ground   water,   stormwater   discharges,   and    dewatering
              effluent.   The containment structure must be able to withstand the effects of
              erosion, provide a stable platform for the operation of equipment, and allow
              for the potential vertical expansion of the containment structure.









                                                      -17-



                  The USACE has considerable experience in the design of upland CDFs.            The
              Department will use the technical standards in the following documents as the
              basis for its engineering review of the design and construction of proposed
              upland CDFs:

                  Confined   Disposal of Dredged Material - Engineer Manual (EM 1110-5027),
                  September 1987.

                  Confined Disposal Guidance for Small Hydraulic Maintenance Dredging
                  Projects - Design Procedures, Environmental Effects of Dredging Technical
                  Note EEDP-02-8, December, 1988.

                  Where circumstances, as described in Section IV-C(4)(c), require the use
              of  liners and leachate collection systems within the design of an upland CDF
              to  control discharges to groundwater, the Department's regulatory standards
              for the design, construction, and quality control of landfill liners and
              leachate collection systems (N.J.A.C. 7:26-2A.7) will be used for techni-cal
              guidance.   The Department does not anticipate that the multiple liner system
              required for certain landfills will be needed in the design of upland CDFs.

                  Erosion control of all external surfaces of an upland CDF will be
              necessary to prevent undermining of the containment berms and to control
              sediment transport to adjoining surface waters.' Erosion may be caused by wave
              activity,    stormwater    runoff,   discharge    of   dewatering    effluent,     and
              infiltration of water through the containment berm.        The New Jersey Standards
              for Soil Erosion and Sediment Control <N.J.A.C. 2:90) shall be applied to the
              design and construction of a proposed upland CDF.              If required by the
              appropriate regional office of the Soil Conservation Service, a Certified Soil
              Erosion and Sediment Control Plan shall be obtained for the upland CDF.

                  The importance of following all aspects of the approved engineering design
              for an upland CDF must be emphasized.           Accordingly, the Department will
              require the filing of "as   built" plans, with a certification by a professional
              engineer licensed to practice in New Jersey that the approved engineering
              design plans have been adhered to.

                  ii.   Operation - it will be necessary for the Department to have adequate
              operational oversight of an upland CDF in order to ensure that the stability
              and integrity of the containment structure is maintained, and to prevent the
              uncontrolled release of dredged material, ponded water, and associated
              contaminants. Additional oversight and/or monitoring may be needed to control
              the rate at which the upland CDF is filled, the manner in which it is filled,
              and how dewatering occurs in order to address potential requirements relating
              to surface water (Section IV-D[3]) and ground water (Section IV-D[4])
              discharges. Additional oversight may be needed to address potential human and
              terrestrial ecosystem exposure concerns as they may arise on a case-by-case
              basis (see Sections IV-D[51 and (61).

                  To maintain oversight, the Department will require the owner and/or
              operator of an upland CDF to submit an annual report to the Department.            The
              report will summarize the past year's activities at the upland CDF. Projected
              activities for the  'next five (5) years shall also be identified.        The report
              shall document the following information:











                  (1) Condition of containment berms, dewatering and stormwater discharge
                  weirs, and other engineering structures critical to the operation of the
                  upland CDF.    Any significant changes to the upland CDF must be first
                  approved by the Department and revised "as built" plans documenting such
                  changes submitted.

                  (2) Summary of disposal operations at the upland CDF, including a listing
                  of all dredging projects and their volumes.

                  (3) Summary of maintenance and management       activities conducted at the
                  upland CDF, including regrading, ditching, crust management, etc.

                  (4) Summary of any dredged material removed from the upland CDF and its
                  final use/destination.


                  (5) An analysis of available disposal, capacity in the upland CDF.        This
                  will be compared with the projected disposal activities for the next five
                  (5) years and a running total of available capacity for the next five
                  years estimated.

                  (6) Summary of surface and ground water discharge monitoring programs for
                  all required parameters.

                  R) Any additional monitoring or certifications required pursuant to
                  Sections IV-D(5) and (6) of this guidance document.


                  The USACE Engineer Manual EM 1110-2-5027, Confined Disposal of Dredged
             Material includes discussions of a variety of concerns critical to the proper
             operation and maintenance of an upland CDF.


                  iii. Closure - it is expected that most of the dredged material placed in
             upland CDFs will be contaminated by organic and inorganic pollutants at
             various levels of concern.      Without assuring long-term containment of the
             dredged material, these contaminants may disperse into the environment.
             Potential human health exposure pathways include direct contact and inhalation
             (particulate transport via dust) routes (refer to Section IV-D[6]).       Potential
             uptake of contaminants by plants and animals which colonize or use the upland
             OF is also of concern (see Section IV-D[5]).             Upland CDFs may erode,
             resulting in the transport of contaminants into surface waters.        Infiltration
             will also continue to occur, with the resulting generation of leachate and
             surface water runoff, which may impact ground or surface water resources.

                  This section discusses the closure requirements for those upland CDFs
             which accept any dredged material which does not meet the testing exclusion
             criteria listed in Sections IV-D(4) and III-C.      The Department will consider
             exceptions to these closure requirements on a case-by-case basis.









                                                      _19-



                  To control or mitigate these potential adverse impacts, the Department
              will require interim/final closure of the upland CDF. Final closure refers to
              the implementation of practices after the cessation of dredged material
              disposal operations at the upland CDF.         Interim closure practices may be
              needed if there will be a large (g@nerally greater than 6 months) interval
              between disposal or management activities at the upland CDF.


              Interim Closure


                I Interim closure procedures are largely concerned with minimizing the
              potential for direct human and plant/animal -exposure to contaminated dredged
              material. These are discussed in Sections IV-D(5) and (6).


                  The need for interim closure procedures will be determined by the
              Department on a case-by-case basis.     The Department will require the submitt,al
              and approval of a formal plan to address interim closure requirements. Such a
              determination will be based on the testing data available for the dredged
              material; alternatively, additional testing of the exposed dredged material
              may be needed (see Section [d] below).

                  Interim closure procedures include the implementation of measures to
              control the generation of dust.      Site access controls (for example, fencing)
              shall be maintained.    The need for capping of exposed dredged material with
              clean fill will be determined by the Department on a case-by-case basis.          The
              requirements of any Water Quality Certificate (WQC) or New Jersey Pollutant
              Discharge Elimination System (NJPDES) permits for discharges to surface or
              ground water from the upland CDF must be maintained during the interim closure
              period. Likewise, required soil erosion and sediment control measures must be
              maintained.


                  An annual report on the status of the upland CDF, similar to that
              discussed in Section ii, shall be submi'tted to the Department, during the
              interim closure period.    An interim closure period will not last longer than
              five (5) years; implementation of final closure procedures will be required
              for such situations.


              Final Closure


                  Upland CDFs are expected to contain dredged material contaminated with
              pollutants at various levels of concern. Thus, long-term containment of these'
              contaminants must be assured.     The owner of record of the property on which
              the upland OF is constructed is ultimately responsible for the final closure
              of the facility and any required post-closure monitoring.

                  The Department   will require the submittal and approval of formal plans
              that address final   closure, post-closure maintenance and monitoring, and site
              development or use for all upland CDFs.       This requirement does not apply to
              those upland CDFs permitted and used solely for the disposal of dredged
              material which meets the exclusion criteria listed in Sections IV-D(4) and
              III-C.  A preliminary final closure plan should be submitted with the permit
              application to construct and operate the upland CDF.         A Final Closure Plan
              shall be submitted to the Department no later than 60 days following the










                                                          _20-


                issuance of Departmental approval to construct and operate the upland CDF.
                The Final Closure Plan must propose all engineering controls designed to
                contain the contaminated dredged material and prevent direct contact with, and
                off-site transport of, contaminants of concern.          The Final Closure Plan must
                also include provisions for post-closure monitoring of the upland OF and a
                Financial Plan.     The Financial Plan shall be prepared following the general
                guidance    in   the   Department's     landfill    closure    regulations      (N.J.A.C.
                7:26-2A.9), adapted to the specific design and closure         features of the upland
                CDF.  In the event of a proposed transfer of ownership          of property containing
                an upland CDF, a new Final Closure Plan (including a           Financial Plan), to be
                implemented by the prospective purchaser, shall be submitted to the Department
                for approval prior to the final change of Title.

                    A major component of the Final Closure Plan will relate to the cap design
                for the upland CDF. The exact nature of the cap construction must be included
                in the Final Closure Plan.           Cap requirements will be determined on a
                case-by-case basis by the Department, in consultation with the owner/operator
                of the upland CDF.      In general, a minimum thickness of two feet of cover,
                consisting of 18 inches of clean fill overlain by 6 inches of topsoil, with a
                complete vegetative cover, will be required.          In situations where relatively
                clean dredged material (i.e. meets the Interim State Direct Contact Soil
                Cleanup Criteria) has been emplaced entirely, or used as a substantial top
                cover on the upland CDF, reduced cap design criteria may be warranted.

                    The Final Closure Plan shall include restrictions on site access vi-a
                fencing and future site use via a Declaration of Environmental Restrictions,
                Deed Restrictions, or other site use restriction documentation.                   It is
                possible that at some point following final closure of the upland CDF, reuse
              .of the property may be proposed (the potential for such reuse should be
                identified in the Final Closure Plan, and continually investigated during the
                operational lifetime of the facility).          If a final reuse (other than the
                creation of habitat via natural succession processes) is proposed, the owner
                of the property will be required to submit a modified Final Closure             Plan to
                the Department.    The contents of this plan will vary with the upland OF and
                the proposed final reuse, and will be determined on a case-by-case basis by
                the Department, in consultation with the owner of the property.                The main
                objective of the Final Closure Plan is to ensure that the proposed project
                design will not in any way reduce the effectiveness of the dredged material
                containment provided by the upland CDF.

                    Additional components of the Final Closure Plan could include provisions
                for the maintenance and monitoring of the following parameters:

                    (1) surface and/or ground water discharge monitoring required pursuant to
                    any WQC or NJPDES permits issued for the upland CDF;

                    (2) erosion, stormwater run-off, and drainage controls;

                    (3) stabilization and vegetation of the final cover;

                    (4) weir and other outlet structures;

                    (5) security and access restrictions;

                    (6) leachate collection and/or control (if required).








                                                      -21-


                   The submission of an annual Post-Closure Maintenance Report, summarizing
              the  status of the upland OF and activities associated with its final closure,
              and  updating the Financial Plan, may be required by the Department.

                   (c) Permitting Process.     Applications to construct, operate, and close
                   upland CDFs will be reviewed by the Department's Land Use Regulation
                   Program pursuant to the Waterfront Development statute, the Coastal Area
                   Facilities Review Act, and the New Jersey Flood Hazard Regulations, as
                   applicable.   The Division of Solid and Hazardous Waste will conduct the
                   t echni cal/ engineering review of proposed upland CDFs and will develop
                   appropriate conditions to be placed on the Waterfront Development Permit.
                   The review conducted by the Land Use Regulation Program will be
                   coordinated with other Departmental programs, as needed, to address the
                   concerns discussed in Sections IV-D(3), (4)j (5), and (6).

                   (d) Testing Requirements. Design of the upland CDF containment structures
                   must consider the engineering properties (for example, soil density, grain
                   size, percent compaction) of the material to be used.          In those cases
                   where dredged material. is to be used to construct, or enlarge, containment
                   berms,  the material must meet the Interim State Direct Contact Soil
                   Cleanup Criteria.    Additional bulk sediment analyses of any dredged
                   material proposed for such use may be required, as determined by the
                   Department on a case-by-case basis.

                   Upon final closure of the upland CDF, the Department presumes that the
                   dredged material may represent an unacceptable risk.      With prompt capping
                   of the exposed dredged material, no sampling other than that required to
                   ensure the use of "clean fill" or soil cover in the cap, will be
                   required.  If a reduction in the design cap criteria are proposed by the
                   owner and/or operator based upon site-specific conditions, then sampling
                   and testing of the exposed dredged material will be required. In general,
                   a minimum sampling frequency of one sample per two acres will be
                   required.   Analysis must include all the target compounds listed in
                 ,Appendix A  of this guidance document.

                   if final closure of the upland CDF will not be completed within two years
                   of the cessation of dredged material disposal operations, or should
                   off-site transport of dredged material or its contaminants become evident,
                   the sampling of the media (including surface waters, sediments, and soils)
                   surrounding the facility shall be required.      Such sampling would require
                   analysis for all. of the target compounds listed in Appendix A of this'
                   guidance document.










                                                      -22-



                  (3)  Surface Water Discharges:

                       (a) Authority.     The authority to issue permits for direct point
                       source surface water discharges is derived from both the federal and
                       state Water Pollution Control Acts, also known as the Clean Water
                       Act(s).    The New Jersey Pollutant Discharge Elimination System
                       (NJPDES) regulations (N.J.A.C. 7:14A) are the operating regulations
                       that implement the State Clean Water Act.

                       Additionally, authority for the permitting of the effluent from
                       dewatering dredged material to surface waters of the State can be
                       found in Section 401 of the federal Clean Water Act for the issuance
                       of Water Quality Certificates (WQCs).

                       (b)  Potential Impacts/Regulatory Objectives,. The objectives of any
                       regulatory oversight document (i..e. NJPDES permit or WQC) for the
                       point source discharge of effluent from the dewatered dredged
                       material is to prevent any adverse impacts of the discharge on the
                       receiving water body.     Adverse impacts to the receiving water body
                       may include toxic effects or bioaccumulation of contaminants in
                       aquatic organisms, as well as adverse effects in humans through fish
                       consumption or water exposure. The best way to ensure that no adverse
                       impacts occur is to regulate the amount and type of potential
                       pollutants (as defined by N.J.S.A. 58:10A-3) that could be discharged
                       to the receiving water body.       The two most important methods of
                       controlling the amount and type of potential pollutants that could be
                       discharged are by having either technology based discharge criteria
                       or water quality based discharge criteria in the form of permit
                       limitations in either the NJPDES permit or the WQC.       Either of these
                       two methods of developing permit limitations will serve to protect
                       the water quality of the receiving water body.

                            i. Technology Based Discharge Limits - The rationale for
                            technology based numbers is that compliance with either NJPDES
                            permit or WQC discharge limits can be demonstrated through the
                            use   of engineering     solutions    such   as   retention    basins,
                            flocculents, and other innovative, methods.     Any particular type
                            of treatment that will achieve pollutant reduction to a defined
                            and/or acceptable level(s) may meet this criteria.               These
                            limits may be utilized when the source dredged material is from
                            a waterbody other than the discharge receiving water body.         The
                            effluent from the dewatered dredged material must meet these
                            NJPDES permit or WQC limits at all times.

                            ii. Water Quality Based Limits - These types of limits are based
                            on the existing water quality of the receiving water body as
                            well as the ability of the receiving water body to assimilate
                            any additional    loading(s) of pollutants without any adverse
                            effects.    The  rationale for this method of permit (limit)
                            development for  the-effluent from the dewatered dredged material
                            is to set the    discharge limit(s) of the effluent to ambient
                            levels of the     receiving water.     In this way no additional









                                                        -23-


                              loading(s) of potential pollutants will        be discharged to the
                              receiving water body in excess of what         is already presumably
                              present in the receiving water body.              The procedures to
                              establish ambient conditions can be found      in the following three
                              reference documents:

                        (1)   Guidance for Preparation of Combined          Work/Quality Assurance
                              Project Plans for Environmental Monitoring.        (OWRS QA-1), Office
                              of Water Regulations and Standards, USEPA.

                        (2)   Field Sampling Procedures Manual. NJDEPE, 1992.

                        (3)   USEPA Handbook - Stream Sampling for Waste Load Allocation
                              Applications.

                              Additionally, this method can utilize indicator parameters such
                              as Total Suspended Solids (TSS) as action levels in the'permit
                              or WQC.     Indicator parameters are indicative of groups of
                              individual pollutants.       The limiting or regulating of an
                              indicator parameter should serve to limit the indicator group of
                              pollutants. The use of indicator parameters will allow for more
                              rapid data generation for compliance purposes. It is expected
                              that this method will be sufficiently protective of the
                              receiving water body.

                              The setting of action levels as permit limits is consistent with
                              the Department's direction of emphasizing compliance with permit
                              conditions instead of monetary penalties for numerical permit
                              violations.    Exce'edances of action levels trigger corrective
                              action measures such as additional treatment of the effluent or
                              increased retention time prior to effluent discharge.                The
                              permit and WQC will contain language that reflects the action
                              level concept so that permission to discharge is contingent upon
                              compliance with either action levels or cotrective action
                              measures.    This is the method of choice when the dredged
                              material originates in the same water body to which the effluent
                              from the dewatered dredged material is being discharged..

                        .(c)  Permitting Process. The point source discharge of the dewatered
                              dredged material to surface waters of the state will fall into
                              one of two categories:

                        (1) dredged material dewatering effluent returning to the same water
                        body from which the material was originally dredged will require a
                        WQC.    This WQC will have discharge conditions similar, if not
                        identical, to those which would be found in a NJPDES/DSW permit.

                        (2) a NJPDES/Discharge to Surface Water (DSW) permit will be required
                        for discharges from facilities accepting. material from single or
                        multiple dredging sites located in a different surface water body, or
                        from "unidentified" sites.










                                                     -24-



                       (d)  Testing Requirements. Exclusionary criteria for the testing
                            requirements are described in Section III-B. Any project which
                            does not qualify for a testing exemption as described in Section
                            III-B will be subject to the following requirements.

                            Initially, the background information submitted for a dredging
                            project proposing upland disposal/containment will be evaluated
                            to determine the testing necessary to characterize potential
                            adverse impacts of the dewatering discharge to the receiving
                            waterbody.   A list of the required background information is
                            provided in Section III-A.    The most important information used
                            to assess potential surface water impacts are previous and
                            current bulk chemical analyses of site sediments (both bulk
                            chemistry and aqueous fractions).

                            If deemed necessary, the Modified Elutriate Test will be
                            required to predict pollutant concentrations in the discharge,
                            both soluble and particulate-bound.       Modified Elutriate Test
                            resultswill be considered valid only if:

                       (1) the Standard Operating Proced   ure (SOP) found in the U.S. Army
                       Corps  of Engineers Waterways Experimental        Station Environmental
                       Effects of Dredging Technical Note, EEDP-04-2 (June 1985) is
                       followed, in conjunction with the Department-approved use of a
                       site-specific field retention time, analysis of both dissolved and
                       suspended fractions, and

                       (2) sediment core sampling, homogenizing, and compositing follows
                       Section III-C, and

                       (3) the discharge total suspended solids value required for the final
                       calculation in the Modified Elutriate Test data analysis does not
                       exceed either ambient TSS concentrations for the rece'iving waterbody
                       or state Surface Water Quality Standards for TSS for the receiving
                       waterbody.

                            As described in Section IV-C(3)(b)ii, the applicant, in
                            pre-application consultation with the Land Use Regulation
                            Program, may choose to determine ambient pollutant/parameter
                            concentrations in the receiving waterbody for setting discharge
                            limits; the methods required        for this determination are
                            referenced in this section.      Ambient condition determinations
                            will be reviewed by the Department on a case-by-case basis.
                            Should existing information lead the Department to believe that
                            surface water discharges from an upland CDF will not result in
                            adverse impacts, the Modified Elutriate Test may not be required.









                                                  -25-



             (4) Ground Water Discharges:

                 (a)  Authority. The New Jersey Water Pollution Control (WPC) Act includes
                      "dredge spoils" in its definition of a "pollutant".      Because the
                      upland placement of dredged material represents a potential discharge
                      of pollutants, the activity is subject to regulation pursuant to the
                      authority of the New Jersey Pollutant Discharge Elimination System
                      (NJPDES) regulations (N.J.A.C. 7:14A-1) and the Ground Water Quality
                      Standards (GWQS; N.J.A.C. 7:9-6).


                 (b)  Potential Impacts/Regulatory Objectives.   When dredged material is
                      placed at upland locations, contaminants may become soluble and be
                      transported into the subsurface terrestrial environment by leachate
                      generation and seepage.   The introduction of contaminants into the
                      subsurface terrestrial environment may degrade ground water quality
                      and potentially threaten potable water supplies.   The susceptibility
                      of ground water to contamination and the degree to which it can be
                      degraded is dependent upon the hydrogeologic characteristics of
                      ground water resource and the designated use.   The impact of upland
                      confined disposal facilities (CDFs) on ground water resources can be
                      limited through an integrated approach of ground water resource
                      classification, engineering of upland CDFs, dredged material testing
                      and leachate analysis, and site-specific, geotechnical evaluation.
                      Through this approach, ground water resources can be protected at an
                      appropriate level relative to their sensitivity and use, and the
                      objectives of the NJPDES regulations and the GWQS can be achieved.

                 (c)  Permitting Process. The degree to which the discharge to ground water
                      (DGW) emanating from the upland disposal of dredged material will be
                      regulated pursuant to the NJPDES regulations and the GWQS is
                      dependent upon the following characteristics:

                      0   the classification of the ground water;

                      0   the nature of the upland CDF;

                      0   the source and quality of the dredged material; and

                      0   the management of the dredged material.

                      The NJPDES-DGW permitting process involving the upland disposal of
                      dredged material will include any or all of the following components:

                          Preliminary determination of leachate quality from dredged
                          sediments;

                          Ground Water Protection Plans; and/or

                          NJPDES-DGW permit.










                                                     -26-



                       In order to determine which components of the NJPDES-DGW permitting
                       process apply, it must be determined whether the project involves a
                       Type A or Type B upland CDF as defined below:

                  Type A upland CDFs involve projects where the specific location(s) from
                  which sediments are to be dredged is known prior to preceding with the
                  development of a Ground Water Protection Plan and issuance of a NJPDES-DGW
                  permit.  In these cases, leachate quality from the sediments to be dredged
                  can be evaluated on a preliminary basis allowing for a wider variety of
                  management and/or permitting alternatives.

                  Type B upland CDFs are constructed independent of any specific dredging
                  project(s).  As such, the leachate quality of all sediments to be placed
                  within the upland OF cannot be determined prior to development of a
                  Ground Water Protection Plan and issuance of a NJPDES-DGW permit.
                  Therefore, the only regulatory options, available are those detailed below
                  at IV-C(4)(c)ii and iii.


                       i.   Preliminary Determination of Leachate Quality from Dredged
                       Sediments - because Type A upland CDFs allow for preliminary
                       evaluation of the quality of the leachate from the dredged material,
                       the quality of the discharge emanating from the upland CDF can be
                       predicted prior to proceeding with the development of a Ground Water
                       Protection Plan and issuance of a NJPDES-D6W permit.               Leachate
                       quality shall be evaluated according to the procedure outlined in
                       IV-C(4)(d).

                       Where the maximum leachate quality for any parameter exceeds the
                       Ground Water Quality Criteria in Table 3, a Ground Water Protection
                       Plan will have to be developed and implemented through a NJPDES-DGW
                       permit.

                       Where the maximum leachate quality for all parameters, does not
                       exceed the Ground Water Quality Criteria in Table 3, the project will
                       be exempt from both the requirement to develop a Ground Water
                       Protection Plan and to obtain an individual NJPDES-DGW permit.


                       ii.  Ground Water Protection Plans - a Ground Water Protection Plan
                       shall be developed for:

                            (1) all Type B upland CDFs; and

                            (2) all Type A upland CDFs where the anticipated quality of the
                            leachate, determined as per IV-C(4)(c)i and in accordance with
                            IV-C(4)(d), exceeds the Ground Water Quality Criteria in Table 3
                            for any parameter.









                              Table 3: Ground Water Quality Criteria




             Aquifer Classification                Ground Water Quality Criteria



             Class  I: Ground Water of             Site specific ground water
                 Special Ecological                constituent standards
                 Significance                      determined as per NJAC 7:9-6.8_

             Class II: Ground Water                Worst Case IIA Ground Water
                 for Potable Water                 Constituent       Standards      (see
                 Supply                            Appendix A, Table XIV) or        site
                                                   specific    criteria    based    upon
                                                   ground       water        constituent
                                                   standards determined as per NJAC
                                                   7:9-6.8


             Class III: Ground Water               Worst    Case   IIA   Ground     Water
                 with Uses Other Than              Constituent       Standards      (see
                 Potable Water Supply              Appendix A, Table XIV) or site
                                                   specific    criteria    based    upon
                                                   ground       waiter       constituent
                                                   standards determined as per NJAC
                                                   7:9-6.8





             Note:   the determination of site specific criteria per NJAC 7:9-6.8
             shall be done in accordance with a ground water sampling plan
             approved by the Department.










                                                    -27-



                       The Ground Water Protection Plan for any upland CDF must demonstrate
                       that the annual discharge of contaminants from the facility will not
                       result in a contravention of the Ground Water Quality Standards. This
                       report must include at a minimum:

                            (1) an engineering design and construction plan of the proposed
                            CDF;

                            (2) an operation and maintenance plan which details the use of
                            the proposed CDF;

                            (3) detailed evaluation of potential contaminant migration
                            pathways which considers at a minimum the following:

                                 Regional physiography
                                 Site specific geology and hydrogeology and
                                 Regional ground water use and receptors

                            (4) a contaminant transport model which simulates ground water
                            contaminant migration pathways on site as follows:

                            0    For Type A -upland CDFs, each parameter analyzed from
                                 Appendix A, Table XIV which exceeds the Ground Water
                                 Quality Criteriain Table 3 shall be modeled.               a



                            0    For Type B upland CDFs, the parameters listed in Appendix
                                 A, Table XIV shall be modeled, using trial simulations in
                                 order to assess the maximum assimilative capacity of the
                                 aquifer and to assign maximum leachate concentrations for
                                 all dredged material to be placed on site.

                       The model shall simulate annual leachate discharge and contaminant
                       loading into the ground water for the duration of the active use of
                       the facility, closure, and post-closure periods.

                       iii. NJPDES-DGW Permitting - A NJPDES-DGW permit will be issued for
                       every facility which must develop a Ground Water Protection Plan
                       according to IV-C(4)(c)ii. Dependent upon the results of the Ground
                       Water Protection Plan, a NJPDES-DGW permit may require any or all of
                       the following:

                            (1)  installation   and   periodic   sampling   of  ground    water
                            monitoring wells;

                            (2) in-situ leachate monitoring through lysimetry;

                            (3) liner and/or leachate collection system monitoring;

                            (4) leachate quality analysis of dredged material.









                                                      -28-



                        iv. Exclusions - Projects which qualify and meet the criteria listed
                        below are exempt from the requirements outlined in IV-C(4)(c)i-iii
                        above.   These exclusions only apply to upland        CDFs which do not
                        discharge into Class I ground waters or wellhead      protection areas as
                        delineated by the Department.

                        Projects south of the Atlantic Ocean side of          Sandy Hook to the
                        western entrance of the Cape May Canal, including the Navesink and
                        Shrewsbury Rivers where:
                             (a) less than 5,000 cubic yards (y    d3) of dredged material will
                             be placed in an upland CDF over the five (5) year life of the
                             associated Waterfront Development Permit; and

                             (b) the sediments are dredged from a waterway(s) where there has
                             not been an historic or current upland industrial use and the
                             site is not currently or previously occupied by a marina of 25
                             or more boat slips.

                  (2) Any project where:
                             (a) less than 1,000 cubic ya   rds (yd3) of dredged material will
                             be placed within an upland CDF over the five (5) year life of
                             the associated Waterfront Development Permit; and

                             (b) the sediments are placed over impervious soils, or are
                             underlain by a liner that has a hydraulic conductivity less
                             rapid then 1OE-7 centimeters per second (cm/sec)

                  (3) Any project where:

                             (a) the dredged material to be placed in the upland CDF is >90%
                             sand (grain size >62.5 um); and

                             (b)  the percent moisture content, Total Organic Carbon, or
                             other background information do not lead the Department to
                             believe the material is contaminated.


                  (d)   Testing Requirements. Leachate quality shall be determined using the
                        Sequential Batch Leaching     Test (SBLT) procedure developed by the'
                        United States Army Corps of   Engineers, Waterways Experiment Station,
                        or other tests as approved    by the Department in advance.    When used,
                        the SBLT shall be conducted in accordance with the procedure outlined
                        in Brannon et. al., April     1994  (cited in Section VI - References)
                        under,conditions (anaerobic   or 'aerobic) which reflecthow the dredged
                        material is to be managed.      All samples of dredged material to be
                        analyzed for leachate quality shall also include determinations of
                        hydraulic conductivity and porosity.










                                                  -29-



                      For Type A upland CDFs leachate quality shall be determined for a
                      representative number of samples for the parameters listed in
                      Appendix A, Table XIV in each location to be dredged prior to
                      proceeding with the development of a Ground*Water Protection Plan and
                      issuance of a NJPDES-DGW permit. For Type B upland CDFs, leachate
                      quality shall be determined for a representative   -number of samples
                      for the parameters listed in Appendix A, Table XIV on all sediments
                      to be received as a condition of the NJPDES-DGW permit. A
                      representative number of samples shall be determined according to the
                      guidance in Section III-C.








                                                      -30-



              (5) Terrestrial Ecosystem Impacts:

              (a)  Authority.   The Department's authority to regulate terrestrial ecosystem
              impacts which may occur during the operation of an upland CDF depend on the
              location of the facility.      The Department may have regulatory authorities
              pursuant to the Flood Hazard Area Control Act,            the Freshwater Wetlands
              Protection Act, the Wetlands Act of 1970, the Waterfront Development Act, and
              the Rules an Coastal Zone Management (N.J.A.C. 7:7E).        Additional Department
              authority may also be derived from both the federal and      State Water Pollution
              Control Acts.


              (b)   Potential Impacts/Regulatory Objectives and the          Management/Regulatory
              Process.   The regulatory objectives of the Department        are to identify and
              minimize the potential for contaminant mobility and transport into terrestrial
              ecosystems resulting from the upland disposal of contaminated dredged
              material.   Potential adverse impacts will be evaluated on a case-by-case
              basis, initially considering the bulk sediment chemistry analyses of the
              dredged material placed in the upland CDF and the proposed schedule for future
              disposal and management operations at the facility. Additional discussions of
              potential  impacts to the terrestrial ecosystem can be           found in Section
              IV-D(2).

                  When dredged material is allowed to dry in an upland CDF, there is
              potential for dust generation.      This potential is greater when the dredged
              material consists of fine silt and has not revegetated.       Dust generation coul:d
              facilitate the dispersal of contaminants into the terrestrial ecosystem.
              Management   techniques   will  be   required,   as  necessary,    to   con*trol  the
              generation and dispersal of dust from an upland CDF.          Potential management
              techniques include interim/final capping of contaminated and exposed dredged
              material and the use of erosion control mats.


                  The potential impacts to terrestrial ecosystems associated with the upland
              disposal of contaminated dredged material also include the possibility of
              increased contaminant mobility through uptake by colonizing plants and
              animals.   This potential is enhanced by the physicochemical changes which
              occur when dredged material is disposed of in an upland setting.                 Such
              chemical changes include the oxidation associated with drying, and a decrease
              in pH, both resulting in increased availability of metalcontaminants.

                 The Department has identified a number of possible scenarios for the
              operation of upland CDFs.        These scenarios, described in the following
              sections,  have different potentials       to produce adverse       impacts  to' the
              terrestrial ecosystem.    During the operation of an upland CDF, management
              techniques can be utilized to minimize potential adverse impacts. Appropriate
              management techniques, summarized and briefly discussed in the following
              sections, will be evaluated as part of the project-specific review and
              permitting of an upland CDF. In general, potential impacts to the terrestrial
              ecosystem as a result of the upland disposal of contaminated dredged material
              will be evaluated on a case-by-case basis.










                                                     -31-



              i. Upland CDFs Maintained in Continuous Operation


                  For most large upland CDFs, it      is expected that the facility will be
              operated in a continuous active mode during its operational lifetime.          This
              would involve the continual placement of dredged material in the upland CDF,
              followed by periods of dewatering,      drying, crust management, etc. - with
              subsequent repetitions of this cycle. This active mode of operation, in which
              the dredged material placed in an upland CDF remains in a disturbed condition,
              should effectively limit the ability of plants and animals to recolonize or
              use the site.   For such facilities, the permittee will be required to submit
              an annual report (see Section IV-D(2)(b)ii) to the Department, summarizing the
              disposal and management operations at the upland CDF, and further certifying
              that the site has not been recolonized or used by terrestrial plants or
              animals for extended periods of, time (generally considered to be 6 months or
              longer).

              ii. Upland CDFs Operated Intermittently


                  Upland CDFs which are operated intermittently, such that the dredged
              material placed on the    site is allowed to dry out for a period of time
              exceeding 6 months in an undisturbed condition, will be more available for use
              and/or recolonization by  plants and animals.    Such upland CDFs therefore have
              the potential to result   in increased contaminant mobility and transport into
              terrestrial ecosystems.

                  a.  Maintaining an    upland OF in a ponded condition would serve to
              minimize the potential for increased contaminant mobility through plant and
              animal colonization.   This may be practicable in situations where the upland
              OF will be used infrequently, with long periods of time between disposal
              operations.  However, there is a concern that birds may use a ponded CDF.        If
              this occurs, methods could be employed to discourage such use.           For such
              facilities, the permit@ee will be required to submit an annual report (see
              Section IV-D(2)(b)ii) to the Department, summarizing the disposal and
              management operations at the upland CDF, and further certifying that the site
              has not been recolonized or used by terrestrial plants or animals for an
              extended period of time.

                  b.  In those cases where an upland CDF will be used only intermittently
              and allowed to dry out and remain undisturbed for time periods exceeding 6
              months between disposal operations, the potential e    *xists for the site to be
              recolonized and/or used by plants and animals.     The greater the contamination
              of the dredged material, and the longer the site remains undisturbed (and thus
              available for recolonization and use), the greater the potential for adverse
              terrestrial ecosystem impacts1to occur.

                  Potential adverse impacts will be evaluated on a case-by-case basis,
              initially considering the bulk sediment chemistry analyses of the dredged
              material placed in the upland OF and the proposed schedule for future
              disposal and management   operations at the facility.     The permittee will be
              required to submit an annual report (see Section IV-D(2)(b)ii) to the
              Department, summarizing the anticipated disposal and proposed management
              operations at the upland  CDF. Interim management operations (between disposal
              operations) may be required to minimize potential adverse terrestrial
              ecosystem impacts.   These could include interim capping measures to isolate
              contaminated dredged material (see Section IV-D[21).









                                                         -32-



               (c)   Testing Requirements.      Section III-B of this document identifies those
               sediments which are excluded from the Department's testing or reporting
               requirements; these exclusions also apply to any additional testing required
               for an evaluation of potential terrestrial ecosystem impacts.              Any dredged
               material which does not qualify for a testing exemption as described in
               Section III-B may be subject to additional testing.

                   Section (b)-ii discusses "Upland CDFs Operated Intermittently".                   if
               recolonization and/or use of such CDFs by plants or animals occurs, there is
               potential    for   increased    contaminant   mobility    and   transport    into the
               terrestrial ecosystem. To evaluate the potential for such impacts, predictive
               animal and plant uptake bioassays may be required.               The Department will
               determine the need for such additional testing on a case-by-case basis.

               (Note:    the Department is currently further investigating the potential
               impacts of contaminated dredged material disposal at upland CDFs on the
               terrestrial ecosystem.     Additional and more detailed guidance may be developed
               and incorporated into this guidance document at some future date.]




               (6) Public Health Impacts:

                   (a)   Authority.    The Department's authority to control potential public
                         health impacts which may be associated with the disposal of dredged
                         material at an upland confined disposal facility is derived from the
                         federal and State Water Pollution Control Acts,             the New Jersey
                         Waterfront Development Law, and the Federal Coastal Zone Management
                         Act.


                   (b)   Potential Impacts/Regulatory ObAectives.        The potential impacts to
                         public health associated with the upland disposal of dredged material
                         include the potential for direct human contact with contaminated
                         dredged material, dust generation from drying dredged material with a
                         potential inhalation exposure pathway, and surface and ground water
                         impacts. The frameworks for regulating potential surface and ground
                         water impacts are described in Sections IV-C(3) and IV-C(4),
                         respectively.

                         The regulatory objectives of the Department are to identify and
                         control public health impacts originating from the upland disposal of
                         contaminated dredged material.

                   (c)   Management/Regulatory Process.     The Department will use the Rules on
                         Coastal Zone Management in evaluating the siting of upland confined
                         disposal facilities (CDFs).     These rules serve to minimize potential
                         public health impacts. The potential impacts of human inhalation of
                         dust from drying dredged material. are minimal when upland CDFs are
                         sited in locations which are removed from areas subject to extensive
                         human use, such as residential and recreational properties.









                                                         -33-



                         During the operation of an upland CDF, management techniques can be
                         applied to control and minimize potential public health impacts.
                         Management techniques will be required, as necessary, to control the
                         generation and dispersal of dust.            This will further serve to
                         minimize the inhalation pathway for human exposure.             Direct human
                         contact will be controlled through access restrictions to the upland
                         CDF.    Facility personnel will be required to use the appropriate
                         precautionary measures to avoid direct contact with contaminated
                         dredged material.

                    (d)  Testing Requirements.       Section III-B of this document identifies
                         those sediments which      are excluded from the Department's testing
                         requirements.     Any dredged material which does not qualify for a
                         testing exemption as described in Section III-B will be subject to
                         the following requirements.

                         Bulk chemical analysis of the sediments to be dredged will be
                         required as per Section III-A.       Potential public health impacts will
                         be evaluated. by comparison to the NJDEP Residential Direct Contact 'or
                         Non-Residential     Direct     Contact    Soil    Clean-up     Criteria,     as
                         applicable.    These analyses will be conducted to determine if the
                         dredged material to be disposed of requires precautions to avoid
                         direct human exposure pathways during and after disposal in an upland
                         CDF.   Where access to the upland OF will not be restricted by
                         adequate fencing, the NJDEP Residential Direct Contact Clean-up
                         Criteria will be applied.

                         Results of the bulk sediment chemistry analyses will be considered
                         valid only if:

                   (1) the bulk sediment chemistry analysis includes all target analytes for
               which Interim New Jersey Soil Clean-up Criteria exist (which is included in
               the Target Compound List in Appendix A), and

                   (2)   sediment core sampling, homogenizing, and compositing follows Section
               III-C sampling procedures.









                                                     -34-



              E - Subaqueous Disposal Pits

                  (1) Overview:    Subaqueous disposal pits are submarine trenches or pits
                  excavated below the ocean/bay bottom for the specific purpose of
                  containing contaminated dredged material. Existing subaqueous borrow pits
                  created as a result of past sandmining activities, or natural pits and
                  depressions, could also be used as subaqueous disposal pits.        Such sites
                  usually refer to nearshore pits in estuarine bays and harbors, including
                  those proposed by the Governor's Dredged Material Management Team in its
                  Final Report (February 1995) to be constructed in Newark Bay.                The
                  effective function of a subaqueous disposal pit is predicated upon           its
                  ability to contain the contaminated dredged material which will be placed
                  in it.


                  Subaqueous disposal pits are considered distinct from open water disposal
                  sites (see Section IV-C).

                  (2)  Authority:   Refer to Section II-B for a lis   ting of relevant statutes
                  and regulations.

                  (3) Potential Impacts:     The potential adverse environmental impacts of a
                  subaqueous disposal pit depend directly upon the location and existing
                  ecological functions of the pit site. Potential impacts which may require
                  evaluation include physical disruptions during construction and disposal
                  operations   (resulting   in,  for   example,   temporary   interference    with
                  existing benthos, fisheries, or anadromous fish migrations), short-term
                  benthic and water column toxicity impacts as a result of the disposal of
                  contaminated dredged material, and water column impacts associated with
                  the resuspension of sediment. In addition, long-term impacts to biota and
                  the ecosystem may result if the contaminated dredged material placed in a
                  subaqueous disposal pit is not adequately contained and isolated from the
                  marine environment.


                  (4) Regulatory Objectives/Management Process:          Short-term     regulatory
                  concerns lie primarily with minimizing the potential adverse environmental
                  impacts associated with the construction of a subaqueous disposal pit and
                  dredged material disposal operations.      Submarine excavation of bay/ocean
                  bottom or the use of existing pits/depressions to create a subaqueous
                  disposal pit will be evaluated using the Rules on Coastal Zone
                  Management.   It is preferable that subaqueous disposal pits be located in'
                  areas impacted by similar levels of existing sediment contamination as the
                  dredged material proposed for disposal in the pit.

                  Short-term impacts can result from the dispersal of dredged material
                  during disposal operations.    Such impacts include physical disruption of
                  benthos surrounding the subaqueous disposal pit, and water column and
                  benthic toxicity and contamination.     With proper design and management of
                  the subaqueous disposal pit, these impacts can be limited.         The use of
                  Best Management Practices (BMPs) during disposal operations will be
                  required and permit conditions will be applied to ensure these impacts are
                  minimized.










                                                     -35-



                  The filling of a subaqueous disposal pit with contaminated dredged
                  material will employ BMPs which reduce suspension and dispersal of the
                  dredged material during the disposal operation.       These include adherence
                  to strict navigation requirements to ensure point disposal of the dredged
                  material. Additionally,    restrictions on conducting disposal operations
                  during severe weather/tidal conditions may also serve to minimize the
                  dispersal of dredged material.     The use of geotextile containers or the
                  direct shunting of dredged material into the pit should be considered.

                  Potential long-term impacts can be minimized, and mitigated upon closure
                  of the subaqueous disposal pit.     Designing the pit to be properly capped,
                  and maintaining the integrity of the cap, is an essential regulatory goal
                  to ensure the long-term isolation of contaminants.      In general, one meter
                  of suitable clean material (as defined'in Section V-I) will be required as
                  a final cap.   The placement of interim caps may also be required between
                  dredged material disposal operations.         Long-term monitoring of the
                  subaqueous disposal pit, its final cap, and the surrounding environment
                  will be required to ensure cap integrity is maintained.         For additional
                  discussion of generally applicable capping requirements, see Section V-I.
                  In addition, restoration of the natural bathymetry of the subaqueous
                  disposal  pit site using appropriate clean material as a final cap will
                  serve as de facto mitigation for the temporary loss of        benthic habitat
                  resulting from the construction of the pit.

                  Some of the techniques and designs which should be            considered when
                  constructing a subaqueous disposal pit are:

                  (a) Level Bottom Capping - involves locating a subaqueous disposal pit in
                  a natural bottom depression or existing subaqueous borrow pit.             This
                  reduces the need to excavate.    Dredged material is placed  'in the pit up to
                  a predetermined level. The site is then capped with clean material up to
                  the level of the surrounding bay/ocean bottom.

                  (b) Contained Subaqueous Disposal - involves constructing a berm opposite
                  an existing subaqueous    ledge or wall.    The cavity formed between these
                  features is then filled and capped with clean material.

                  (c) New Excavation - entails the construction of a new subaqueous
                  disposal pit, designed specifically for the containment of contaminated
                  dredged material.     In theory, such a pit would provide for better
                  containment compared to that offered by existing borrow pits or natural
                  depressions.

                  (5) Testing Requirements:       Section III-B discusses general testing
                  exclusions.   Where the dredged material originates in the same waterbody
                  as the subaqueous disposal pit, required testing will consist of grain
                  size analysis and bulk sediment chemistry.       The bulk sediment chemistry
                  data will be used to ensure that only contaminated dredged material is
                  placed in the subaqueous disposal pit.        It will also be used in the
                  development of the monitoring and management plan for the pit.








                                                       -36-



                  If the dredged material originates in a waterbody different from that of
                  the subaqueous disposal pit, testing requirements will be determined on a
                  case-by-case basis.       Testing may include bulk sediment chemistry and
                  modified elutriate testing (with retention time to be specified; ambient
                  water quality testing of the subaqueous disposal pit site may also be
                  needed), depending on the dredging site, subaqueous disposal pit site
                  characteristics,. and the volume of dredged material to be placed in the
                  pit.    Section III-C includes general guidance on sampling the dredged
                  material.


                  Precision bathmetry (accuracy to 6 inches or better) of the subaqueous
                  disposal pit site will be.required prior to initial site disturbance/pit
                  construction, upon the completion of the construction of the pit, and may
                  be required prior to and after any dredged material disposal operation.
                  This will provide information on existing subaqueous disposal pit capacity
                  and help ensure the dredged material is contained within the pit.



                  F - Containment Areas


                  (1) Overview:       Dredged    material    containment     areas     are    features
                  artificially created in open water or wetlands and include any structure
                  which, upon the completion of its filling with dredged material, would
                  result in an extension of existing upland into open waters (i.e. t                he
                  creation of "fastland").       They are usually created by constructing 'a
                  retaining structure (berm or bulkhead) in an open water area and filling
                  the enclosed area with dredged material.

                  (2) Authority:      The near-shore disposal of dredged material into a
                  containment area is subject to the Waterfront Development Act, the Rules
                  on   Coastal    Zone    Management    (N.J.A.C.    7:7E),   federal    consistency
                  determinations pursuant to the Federal Coastal Zone Management Act, Water
                  Quality Certification pursuant to Section 401 of the Clean Water Act, and
                  Riparian Interests.      In addition, the Coastal Area Facility Review Act
                  (CAFRA; N.J.S.A. 13:19-1 et seq.) may be applicable.           Disposal into open
                  waters or wetlands is also regulated by the federal government         .pursuant to
                  Section 404 of the federal Clean Water Act.


                  In all cases, either a Water Quality Certificate (WQC) or NJPDES-Discharge
                  to Surface Water permit will be required for a containment area. A NJPDES
                  Discharge to Surface Water permit may be required for the effluent from
                  the dewatering dredged material if the dredged material is not from the
                  same waterbody as the containment area.         A WQC will be required for the
                  effluent from a containment area which only accepts dredged material from
                  the waterbody in which it is located.


                  A NJPDES Discharge to Groundwater Permit may-be required pursuant to
                  N.J.A.C. 7:14A-1, subject to a determination by the Department's Bureau of
                  Operational Ground Water Permits.

                  (3)   Potential Impacts:    The potential adverse environmental impacts of a
                  dredged material containment area depend directly upon the location and
                  existing ecological functions of the site.             Potential impacts which
                  require evaluation include the destruction and permanent loss of benthic,










                                                       -37-


                   open water, or wetlands habitats, and temporary physical disruptions
                   during construction of the containment area (resulting in, for example,
                   interference with existing benthos, fisheries, or anadromous                 fish
                   migrations).    Potential short-term surface water quality and benthic
                   toxicity impacts may result from the dispersal of sediments and associated
                   .contaminants due to the construction of the-containment area.


                   Potential impacts to surface water quality during the filling of the
                   containment area with contaminated dredged material resulting from the
                   discharge of effluent from the dewatering dredged material, are similar to
                   those for upland confined disposal facilities [CDFs; see Section
                   IV-D(3)]. In addition, potential water quality impacts resulting from the
                   permeability of the berm/bulkhead will be considered on a case-by-case
                   basis.


                   Potential long term impacts to ground water quality are also similar to
                   those for upland CDFs   ' and are discussed in Section IV-D(4).       'Long term
                   impacts to aquatic biota and the marine ecosystem may result if
                   contaminated   dredged material    placed   in  a   containment    area  is   not
                   adequately   contained   and   isolated.     In  addition,    filling   of the
                   containment area ultimately results in the creation of additional upland.
                   Potential impacts to the terrestrial environment are essentially the same
                   as those associated with upland CDFs (see Sections IV-D(2), (5), and
                   (6)].

                   (4) Regulatory Objectives/Management Process:         The creation of upland
                   areas by filling open water/wetland environments      is a regulatory concern.
                   Based upon the Rules on Coastal Zone Management at N.J.A.C. 7:7E-4.2(j)
                   filling in natural water areas is discouraged and filling wetlands areas
                   is prohibited.   Such activity requires a demonstration that there is no
                   practicable   or   feasible    land   alternative.     In   addition,    minimal
                   interference to Special Areas enumerated at Subchapter 3 of the Rules on
                   Coastal Zone Management (such as Intertidal Shallows, Finfish Migratory
                   Pathways, and Submerged Vegetation Habitats) must be demonstrated.

                   Short-term regulatory concerns lie primarily with minimizing the potential
                   adverse environmental impacts associated with the construction of the
                   containment   area  and   dredged   material   disposal   operations.    It    is
                   preferable that containment areas be located in areas impacted by similar
                   levels of existing sediment contamination as the dredged material proposed.
                   for disposal in the area.     Locating a dredged material containment area
                   site will be evaluated using the Rules on Coastal Zone Management.

                   Short-term impacts can result from the dispersal of contaminated dredged
                   material during disposal operations.         Such impacts include physical
                   disruption of benthos surrounding the containment area, and water column
                   and benthic toxicity and contamination. With proper design and management
                   of the containment area, these impacts can be minimized. The use of best
                   management practices (BMPs) during disposal operations will be . required
                   and permit conditions will be applied to ensure these impacts are
                   minimized.   Such BMPs could include controlling the rate of dredged
                   material placement in the containment area to allow for adequate settling
                   of suspended solids.    The use of geotextile containers or liners, and the
                   pumping of free water to upland water quality basins to provide settling
                   of suspended solids prior to discharge, could also be used.









                                                     -38-



                  Potential long-term impacts could result if the containment area does not
                  adequately isolate contaminated dredged material from the surrounding
                  aquatic and terrestrial environments.    The containment area berm/bulkhead
                  must be designed and constructed to ensure maximum isolation of
                  contaminants.   If the containment area  is filled with contaminated dredged
                  material, final capping of the created upland area is required to ensure
                  the long-term isolation of contaminants from the terrestrial environment.
                  Potential impacts to the terrestrial environment and     . public health are
                  similar to those for upland CDFs, and are discussed in Sections IV-D(5)
                  and (6). In addition, site closure/final use considerations are discussed
                  for upland CDFs in Section IV-D(2).           Long-term monitoring of the
                  containment area site and the surrounding environment may be required to
                  ensure that contaminated dredged material has been adequately isolated.

                  Construction of the containment area will result in the loss of open water
                  habitat and/or wetlands. In some cases, mitigation for this loss by means
                  of in-kind replacement will not be possible.         Thus, construction and
                  operation of a dredged material containment area may result in the
                  permanent loss of aquatic habitat.     Proposals for out-of-kind mitigation
                  may be considered by the Department during the regulatory review of
                  proposed containment areas.

                  (4) Testing Requirements:      Section III-B discusses general testing
                  exclusions.   Regulatory concerns with potential impacts to surface and
                  ground water  quality, the terrestrial ecosystem, public health, and site
                  closure/final use are essentially similar to those for uplands CDFs; see
                  Sections IV-D(2), (3), (4), (5) and (6) for applicable guidance.










                                                         -39-




                                     Chapter V - Beneficial Use Alternatives



                   A     Overview


                         Dredged material can be considered a resource, and the Department
                         strongly supports its beneficial use, wherever possible, as opposed
                         to exclusive reliance on disposal facilities.            While new dredged
                         material disposal facilities are needed, it is essential to test and
                         cultivate    emerging     beneficial    use    strategies     to   ensure     a
                         multi-faceted and integrated long-term program for the management of
                         dredged material.

                         The concept of beneficial use was first applied in the'area of sludge
                         management, where, depending on its quality, sludge has been applied
                         directly to the land or mixed to create soil enhancement. products.
                         Many additional materials have been approved for beneficial use
                         applications including coal ash from power plants, contaminated
                         soils,     wastewater     treatment     plant     residuals,     and      other
                         industrial/commercial by-products.

                         Depending on its characteristics,      particularly grain size and degree
                         of contamination, dredged material may be - suitable for use in beach
                         nourishment projects, as construction material or fill, as landfill
                         cover, in habitat development projects, to cap open water disposal
                         areas, or in a variety of other uses.        The USACE Engineer Manual No.
                         1110-2-5026, Beneficial Uses of Dredged Material (30 June 1987),
                         provides guidance for planning, designing, developing, and managing
                         dredged material for beneficial uses.

                         In many cases, dredged material proposed for beneficial use would
                         first have to be dewatered.         This would most likely occur at an
                         upland confined disposal facility (CDF).        The regulatory process for
                         placing dredged material in an upland OF is discussed in Section
                         IV-D.


                   B   Authority


                         Requests to beneficially use a variety of materials have been handled
                         on a case-by-case basis through various Departmental programs.               In
                         many cases, beneficial use applications have been authorized as pilot
                         or demonstration projects or have been exempted from regulation under
                         the broad authority of the non-hazardous waste regulations at
                         N.J.A.C.   7:26-1.1,    et    seq.    Under    these   authorizations,      the
                         Department has required a series of steps to be followed in order to
                         demonstrate that the beneficial      use option is environmentally sound
                         and consistent with current law      in New Jersey or in the state where
                         the material is to be used.            In addition, the applicant must
                         demonstrate that markets will         accept the material and maintain
                         suitable records of the weight and/or volume of material beneficially
                         used.   Although dredged material will not be regulated as a solid
                         waste, a similar process will be      used by the Department to evaluate
                         proposed beneficial uses of dredged material.










                                                     -40-



                       The Department is currently in the process of finalizing "Beneficial
                       Use Determination Rules" to be found at N.J.A.C. 7:26-1.6.           These
                       rules will formally establish a regulatory program to exempt
                       qualifying materials, including dredged material, from other NJDEP
                       permitting programs.     The process is intended to streamline the
                       approval    of   beneficial    use   activities    through    a    minimal
                       submission/review process.


                       The above noted "Beneficial Use Determination Rules" will not be
                       applicable to beneficial use options involving beach nourishment,
                       habitat development, or the capping of open water dredged material
                       disposal sites   (see Sections V-D, E, and I).     Authority to regulate
                       these beneficial uses of dredged material is available pursuant to
                       the State and federal Clean Water Acts, the Waterfront Development
                       Law, the Flood Hazard Area Control Act, and the federal Coastal Zone
                       Management Act.     The Rules on Coastal Zone Management are also
                       applicable to these beneficial use options.



             C    Linkages with Other Management Alternatives


                       The beneficial use options discussed in Sections V-D through V-I can
                       be divided into three general categories.      These categories reflect
                       the degree to which the dredged material'must be rehandled/treated
                       prior to its beneficial use, or the use of dredged material to
                       support another dredged material management alternative (discussed in
                       Section IV of this document):

                  (1) beneficial use options supporting other dredged material management
             alternatives    capping open water disposal sites;

                  (2) beneficial use options requiring minimal rehandling of the dredged
             material - beach nourishment, aquatic and wetland habitat development.

                  (3) beneficial use options requiring substantial rehandling/treatment of
             the dredged material - construction material, landfill cover, agricultural
             use, terrestrial habitat development.

                       For uses 1 and 2, the dredged material would have to meet applicable-
                       testing requirements to verify its suitability for the proposed use.
                       Suitability criteria would include grain size and contaminant
                       concerns.   Rehandling of this material would be limited to its
                       transport  to the use site and its placement in accordance with the
                       applicable engineering design and regulatory requirements.

                       In almost all cases, dredged material proposed for the beneficial use
                       3 options would first have to be dewatered.      This would most likely
                       occur at an upland confined disposal facility (CDF).       A "beneficial
                       use train", involving sequential placement of dredged material in an
                       upland CDF, dewatering over a period of time, and then removal from









                                                      -41-


                        the upland CDF for beneficial use purposes, could be developed. Such
                        activities would not only provide a useable product, but would enable
                        an upland CDF to remain in operation for a longer period of time
                        before it reached its design capacity.     Dredged material contaminated
                        to various degrees could be suitable for these beneficial use
                        options; testing requirements and evaluation criteria are discussed
                        in the appropriate Sections of this document.



              D - Beach Nourishment



              (1)   Authority:   the Department's authority to regulate the use of dredged
              material for beach nourishment is derived from the Waterfront Development Act,
              the Coastal Area Facilities Review Act, the federal Coastal Zone Management
              Act, and the Water Quality Certification provisions (Section 401) of the Clean
              Water Act.


              (2)   Potential Impacts/Regulatory Objectives:      The Department encourages, the
              placement of clean sand on beaches.

              Beach nourishment operations usually involve the borrowing of sand from
              inshore or offshore locations and transporting it by truck or hydraulic
              pipeline to an eroding beach for the purpose of restoration.        This can result
              in displacement of existing substrate, the destruction of non-motile benthic
              communities, and changes in the topography of both the placement and borrow
              areas.   However, a beach nourishment operation also creates new habitat which
              is usually rapidly recolonized by benthic organisms.        Significant impacts to
              offshore organisms can be minimized by selecting borrow areas to avoid
              important benthic habitats, not creating deep/anoxic borrow pits, and
              maintaining substrate quality in the borrow area.

              Potential adverse impacts could also result from the placement of dredged
              material with excessive organic content on beaches.                This would be
              aesthetically unpleasant, but temporary in duration.        In addition, placement
              of dredged material contaminated by chemical or biological pollutants may
              affect nearby benthic and open water habitats, and may pose a public health
              concern.   The Department's objectives in regulating the placement of dredged
              material on beaches are to prevent any adverse impacts to the beach area, be
              they aesthetic (human interest), public health, or to nearby benthic and open
              water communities.


              (3)  Permitting Process:    permitting for this use of dredged material will be
              conducted by the Land Use Regulation Program.          The Rules on Coastal Zone
              Management will govern beach nourishment and dune construction activities.

              In terms of grain size, suitable material must be comprised of 75% or greater
              sand (grain size larger than 0.0625mm) with a grain size compatible with that
              of the receiving beach. (Note:     material less than 90% sand will require bulk
              sediment chemistry analyses and additional testing - see Section III.)
              Material with a grain size smaller than the "compatible grain size" for the
              beach, but still greater than 75% sand, could be utilized in dune
              construction, provided that effective erosion controls were utilized until
              vegetative cover can be established.










                                                        -42-



               (4)  Testing Requirements:     exclusionary criteria for testing requirements are
               described in Section III-B.      For dredged material which does not meet these
               criteria, bulk sediment chemistry analyses will be required.          This data will
               be compared with the NJDEP Residential Direct Contact Soil Clean-up Criteria
               to evaluate potential impacts to public health. To evaluate potential impacts
               to estuarine benthic communities, the Department will compare this data with
               the guidelines values developed by Long et al. (1995), on a case-by-case
               basis.


               All dredged material proposed for beach nourishment must be characerized by
               grain size analyses.     In addition, grain size analyses of the sand on the
               proposed receiving beach must also be completed.        Sampling guidance for these
               required analyses will be provided by the Department on a case-by-case basis.



               E - Habitat Development


               (1) Overview:    A wide range of habitat types can be developed (created,
               restored, or enhanced) using dredged material.       The development of upland and
               wetlands habitats will be discussed in this Section of the guidance document.

                   The construction of islands using dredged material, on which wetlands as
               well as upland habitat types could develop, is considered to be a special
               case.  Islands will not be addressed in this guidance document, but will ;be
               considered by the Department on a project-specific basis.

                   Aquatic habitats (including tidal flats, seagrass meadows, and other
               benthic habitats) could be developed as a result of the Open Water Disposal of
               dredged material (see Section IV-Q.           Development of aquatic habitat in
               association with such disposal operations     will be considered on a case-by-case
               basis.  A special case of aquatic habitat development is the use of dredged
               rock to create artificial reefs, jetties, etc.

                   The USACE Engineer Manual EM 1110-2-5026 (30 June 1987), Beneficial Uses
               of Dredged Material, includes detailed discussions and a listing of references
               concerning habitat development using dredged material.

               (2) Authority:   The Department's authority to regulate the beneficial use of
               dredged material for habitat development depends on the location of the
               project site.    The Department may have regulatory authority pursuant to the
               Flood Hazard Area Control Act, the Waterfront Development Act, the Freshwater
               Wetlands Protection Act, the Wetlands Act of 1970, the Coastal Zone Management
               Act.. and the Rules on Coastal Zone Management (N.J.A.C.          7:7E).    Additional
               Departmental authority may also be derived from both the federal and State
               Water Pollution Control Acts.         Dredged material could      also be used in
               restoration or mitigation activities required pursuant to        permits issued for
               other projects.

               (3) Potential Impacts/Regulatory Objectives:

                   (a)   Upland Habitats.    Habitats will develop on upland dredged material
               disposal sites regardless of human intervention. - However, the use of a
               variety of management techniques can improve the habitat that develops, or
               foster the development of specific habitat types., Although the level of









                                                       -43-


              effort needed to develop upland habitat could essentily be limited to that
              necessary to     provide   erosion   control,   additional    effort  and. long-term
              management may be needed to create specific and more productive habitats.

                   Some of the potential impacts and regulatory objectives associated with
              habitat creation at upland Confined Disposal Facilities (CDFs) are discus          *sed
              in Section IV-D(5).       In addition,    the use of dredged material in mine
              reclamation activities to create habitat is breifly discussed in Secton V-F.

                   Dredged material used for upland habitat development must be suitable in
              terms of physical (particularly grain size) and chemical (salinity, nutrients,
              contaminants) characteristics.      The main concern of the Department is the
              potential dispersal of contaminants from the dredged material into the
              terrestrial   environment    and  food   webs.    Refer   to   Section   IV-D(2)   for
              information concerning the development of habitat as part of the final closure
              process on upland CDFs. (In general, placement of a clean cap at least 2 feet
              thick will serve to isolate the underlying contaminated dredged material and
              eliminate many of the concerns with the dispersal of contaminants into the
              terrestrial ecosystem.)

                   When placed in an upland environment, dredged material will dry, tend to
              oxidize, and decrease in pH.      Thus, soil amendments (including lime, manure,
              sand, and limestone gravel) may be needed to provide a suitable medium for the
              recolonization and growth of plants.          In addition,    the salt content of
              material dredged from estuarine areas may inhibit -the development of upland
              habitat.    For additional information and guidance, refer to the USACE
              Waterways Experiment Station Environmental Effects of Dredging Information
              Exchange Bulletin D-92-4 (September 1992).

                   Section V-D of this guidance document briefly discusses the beneficial use
              of dredged material to create dunes on beaches.

                   (b)  Wetlands.    As. discussed in this section, the beneficial use of
              dredged material to create wetlands will be considered by the Department only
              under exceptional conditions.

                   The Department has two major concerns with the use of dredged material to
              create (non-open water, emergent) wetland habitats-@         (1) the loss of other
              habitats coincident with the creation of wetlands,           and (2) the potential
              release of contaminants from the dredged material.

                   Development of emergent wetlands habitats is usually accomplished by the
              placement of dredged material in open water areas to create substrate
              elevations conducive to the development of such wetlands.         While wetlands are
              recognized as important and productive components of the aquatic ecosystem,
              creation of such habitat could result in the loss of important open water and
              benthic habitat. The Department will consider such wetland creation proposals
              on a case-by-case basis, consistent with the Rules on Coastal Zone
              Management.    In general, sites proposed for wetland creation should avoid
              areas of productive open water and benthic habitat.

                   Dispersal of contaminants from dredged material used for wetland
              development can occur through two major routes:        (1) resuspension of dredged










                                                   -44-


              material due to waves and currents, and (2) uptake by plants and animals
              colonizing or using the created wetland.    In order to prevent the physical
              dispersal of the placed dredged material, low wave/current energy, shallow
              water sites should be used for wetland creation projects.       Temporary (and
              possibly permanent) protective/retaining structures may be needed to contain
              the dredged material.  Additional design and management factors which must be
              considered to create a productive wetland, while minimizing the potential for
              contaminant dispersal, include salinity, tidal range, and weir operation.

                 Uptake of contaminants by plants and animals will be minimized by
              restricting the contaminant levels allowable in dredged material proposed for
              wetland creation.  To evaluate potential impacts to benthic communities, the
              Department will compare bulk sediment chemistry data with the guidelines
              values developed by Long et al. (1995).

              (4) Permitting Process:  The development of wetlands using dredged material
              will be regulated by the Department's Land Use Regulation Program pursuant to
              the Rules on Coastal Zone Management and other applicable authorities.

                 Long-term maintenance and monitoring of both upland and wetlands habitat
              development projects may be required.

              (5) Testing Requirements:  Section III-B of this document identifies those
              sediments which are excluded from the Department's testing or reporting
              requirements for the purpose of disposal.   These exclusions may not apply -to
              the testing required for an evaluation of potential impacts resulting from the
              use of the dredged material for habitat development.    The testing needed to
              evaluate the suitability of the dredged material for the proposed habitat
              development project include considerations of salinity, nutrients, and degree
              of contamination.


                 The use of dredged material to develop wetlands habitats may require
              project-specific permits with specific conditions.  Additional testing of the
              dredged material may be required, irrespective of the testing and reporting
              exclusions listed in Section III-B, pursuant to these permits.      This could
              include bulk sediment analyses, modified elutriate testing, and predictive
              animal and plant bioassays.  The Department will determine the need for such
              additional testing on a case-by-case basis.


              F  Construction Material


                      Over the past several years, the Department has authorized the use of
                      contaminated soils and other residual materials in construction
                      related activities.  Most notably, the use of nonhazardous petroleum
                      contaminated soil as a raw material in the asphalt, concrete or brick
                      production process has been formally recognized in the recylcing
                      regulations at N.J.A.C. 7:26A-1.3.        Consistent with applicable
                      regulations, contaminated soils have also been washed and blended
                      with leaf compost to make a topsoil product. In addition, remediated
                      petroleum contaminated soil is marketable as a fill product.    Through
                      contacts with asphalt manufacturers, the New Jersey Asphalt Pavement
                      Association and other industry representatives, it appears that the
                      potential exists to utilize dredged material in similiar types of
                      applications.









                                                      -45-



                        From'the manufacturer's perspective, the key to wide utilization of
                        such beneficial uses will be revised construction specifications to
                        establish the parameters under which dredged material can be used
                        without the need for case-by-case permits. Such a development would
                        be especially beneficial in terms of using dredged material as
                        landfill cover or as general fill.          in terms of usiug dredged
                        material in road construction applications, it should be noted that
                        current    New    Jersey    Department     of   Transportation      (NJDOT)
                        specifications do not allow for the use of contaminated soils in
                        asphalt pavements under NJDOT purview.      While the NJDOT is presently
                        examining such pavements, the lack of a specification for remediated
                        soil asphalt pavements is a major obstacle to the use of this
                        material and is indicative of the obstacles that marketers of dredged
                        material would face.


                        An additional construction related activity      with potential for the
                        use of dredged material or dredge/soil blends is in surface mine
                        reclamation. For example, the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania has a
                        substantial number of coal mines; existing Pennsylvania legislation
                        requires mine reclamation.        Over the past several years, New
                        Jersey-generated coal ash has been authorized for beneficial use in
                        Pennsylvania coal mine reclamation.        Some sludge derived products
                        have been approved historically for strip mine reclamation in
                        Pennsylvania and dredge/soil blends may provide similar potential.

                  G   Landfill Cover.


                        (1) Author i ty/Management Process:    in recent years, the Department
                        has received numerous requests for         the utilization of residual
                        materials as landfill cover throughout     the state. Contaminated soils,
                        auto shredder residue, sludge derived products and other materials
                        have been authorized for direct cover      application or. in blends with
                        other soil to produce a suitable product. Since landfill operators
                        would otherwise have to purchase soil for cover, the acceptance of
                        residual materials for approved applications has been considered an
                        exempt activity pursuant to N.J.A.C. 7:26-1.1.

                        The Department's     regulations at      N.J.A.C. 7:26-2A.8-13      address
                        landfill    cover    requirements.     In   general,    three     different
                        classifications of cover are addressed - daily, intermediate and
                        final cover.   All exposed surfaces of solid waste must be covered at
                        the close of each   operating day with a minimum of 6 inches of daily
                        cover.  Areas outside the immediate landfill working face which will
                        be exposed for any period exceeding 24 hours must contain at least 12
                        inches of intermediate cover. Finally, the federal government adopted
                        amendments to the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act in 1993 at
                        40 CFR 258.60 which address landfill closure requirements. Under
                        these rules, an infiltration layer of at least 18 inches of earthen
                        material with a permeability less than or equal to the bottom liner
                        and an erosion layer of at least 6 inches of earthen material capable
                        of sustaining plant growth must be provi.ded as part of a final
                        landfill cover system.









                                                      -46-



                        The need for landfill cover across New Jersey is substantial.
                        Currently, 25 landfills remain in operation in New Jersey.         Fourteen
                        of these facilities are large county-wide or regional landfills which
                        utilize substantial quantities of daily and intermediate cover.         The
                        balance consists of 9 small sole source construction and demolition
                        debris or company landfills, and 2 very small municipal landfills.
                        In addition, the Department has identified a total of 578 sites which
                        may require final closure and remediation.

                        From the sizable number of operating and closed landfills, and the
                        State and federal regulatory requirements for daily, intermediate and
                        final cover, it is clear that enormous quantites of earthen material
                        will be needed.    Dredged material or blends of dredged material and
                        other soils or residual materials may be suitable for these
                        applications.   However, such applications will have to be carefully
                        evaluated,  particularly from a. structural perspective.         The very
                        nature of most dredged material and its fine silty/clay properties
                        may greatly limit its usefulness for cover applications.

                        (2) Testing Requirements: The purpose of a good landfill cover is to
                        (1) impede rodents and vectors from entering         the waste fill,    (2)
                        control malodorous emissions,      (3) provide a     firebreak,  (4) have
                        limited erosion potential, (5) not be easily         windblown, and     (6)
                        provide control of windblown litter.         Given   these purposes, the
                        physical properties of dredged material (which tend to be               low
                        cohesion fine-grained material) must be evaluated to ascertain          its
                        suitablity for use as cover material.          For example, excessively
                        fine-grained    material    is   generally    prohibited    due   to    its
                        susceptibility to wind blown dust, erosion, and potentially limiting
                        hydraulic conductivity (preventing good drainage capability which
                        consequently can cause leachate seeps on side slopes).       The moisture
                        content of the material must also be        evaluated to ascertain its
                        workability.   If the moisture content is    too-high, then the material
                        must be dewatered, which will require       additional processing.      The
                        Department will evaluate the suitability    of dredged material proposed
                        for use as landfill cover on a case-by-case basis.


                  H   Agricultural Use


                        An additional area in which dredged material may have potential for
                        beneficial use applications is in agricultural/hort i cultural use.      As
                        an example of this type of a beneficial use of a material similar to
                        dredged material, New Jersey potable water treatment plant residuals
                        have been approved by the Department for several uses. These include
                        blending   with   other   materials    to   create   soil   products    for
                        rehabilitating barren sites and as soil for nursery use as potting
                        and field growing media. In some cases, the residuals also have
                        qualified for use directly as clean fill on review by the Department
                        on a case-by-case basis.










                                                       -47-



                         While the chemical and physical qualities of specific dredged
                         material would have to be evaluated, it is likely that cleaner
                         materials    would   also    qualify    for   many   types    of    similar
                         agricultural/ho rt i cultural beneficial uses in New Jersey, and other
                         states as well.   For example, dredged material could be used to amend
                         marginal soils, thus increasing crop production.        However, salinity
                         problems will occur with the use of dredged material from estuarine
                         waters.


               I - Capping Open Water Disposal Sites


               (1)   Overview:   depending upon its degree of contamination, dredged material
               proposed for disposal at an Open Water Site (see Section IV-C) may only be
               suitable for disposal if management techniques are used to isolate the
               contaminated dredged material from the surrounding environment. The principal
               method used to isolate contaminated dredged material placed at an Open Water
               Disposal Site is to cap it with a layer of clean material.         Capping could be
               required as both an interim and final dredged material management method.

                   The use of suitable clean dredged material for capping purposes involves a
               number of engineering and design considerations beyond those associated solely
               with the open water disposal of dredged material.      In addition, capping may be
               required for the disposal of contaminated dredged material.               Thus, the
               Department considers capping to be a beneficial use of clean dredged
               material.


                   Capping may also be required at Subaqueous Pits (Section IV-E) and
               Containment Areas (Section IV-F) in which contaminated dredged material is
               disposed.   The following discussion of Capping Open Water Disposal Sites is
               also   generally    applicable   to   these   two    dredged  material     management
               alternatives.


               (2) Authority:    capping may be required for contaminated dredged material
               placed at an Open Water Disposal Site,           in a Subaqueous Pit, or in a
               Containment Area.     The Department's authority to regulate dredged material
               disposal activities at these areas has been discussed in Sections IV-C, IV-E,
               and IV-F, respectively.

                   Disposal of dredged material in ocean waters (and thus any required
               capping of such material) is regulated by the USACE and USEPA.         The State of
               New Jersey has discretionary authority to review disposal activities at ocean
               disposal sites pursuant to the Federal Coastal Zone Management Act.               The
               review of proposed ocean disposal (and capping) . operations at currently
               designated ocean disposal sites will be coordinated with the USACE and USEPA.

               (3) Potential Impacts/Regulatory Objectives:      the primary purpose of capping
               an Open Water Disposal Site is to isolate contaminated dredged material placed
               at the site from the surrounding environment.        'This will serve to minimize
               potential adverse impacts to the benthic community as a result of exposure to
               the contaminants.










                                                      -48-



                   It must be emphasized that the use of capping must be considered
               throughout the development and implementation of       i the open water dredged
               material disposal alternative.     This begins with the process used to select
               the disposal site.    The USACE Waterways Experiment Station Dredging Research
               Technical Notes DRP-5-03 (February 1991) and DRP-5-04 (November 1991) provide
               discussions of design, engineering, and construction considerations for the
               capping of dredged material disposal sites.         The USACE emphasizes that a
               capping project must be considered as an -engineered structure, with specific
               design and construction requirements that must be implemented, monitored, and
               maintained.


                   Any cap placed on contaminated dredged material must be of a thickness to
               ensure the   long-term isolation of the contaminants from the surrounding
               environment.   The required thickness will be dependent on the following
               factors:


                   (a)  the physical and chemical properties -of the contaminated dredged
               material and the clean material to be used for capping;

                   (b)  the potential for bioturbation by recolonizing benthic organisms to
               disturb the cap and expose the underlying contaminated dredged material;

                   (c)  the potential for consolidation and erosion of the cap material.

               In general, a required final cap will be 3 to 4 feet thick, plus allowances
               for consolidation and erosion.


                   Interim capping, between disposal operations at Open Water Disposal Sites
               or in Subaqueous Pits, may also be required. The need for and thickness of an
               interim cap will be determined on a case-by-case basis.       factors that will be
               considered in making such a      determination include the grain size of the
               last-placed dredged material,    its degree of contamination, the anticipated
               schedule of future disposal operations at the site, and the physical
               conditions (particularly currents) at the disposal site.              In general,
               contaminated dredged material should be capped (or otherwise covered by a
               subsequent disposal operation) within 14 days of its disposal.

                   The Department notes that    the use of geotextile bags/containers for the
               disposal of contaminated dredged material is currently under investigation.
               It is anticipated that final (but not interim) capping of such bags/containers
               placed at Open Water Disposal Sites or in Subaqueous Pits will be required.
               Capping requirements when geotextile bags/containers are used will be
               determined on a case-by-case basis.

                   Only clean material of suitable grain size, which would otherwise be
               acceptable for unrestricted open water disposal, can be used for capping
               purposes.  Both fine grain and sandy material may be suitable for           capping.
               However, in order to avoid mixing or displacing the contaminated dredged
               material during capping operations, the cap material should generally be of a
               lower density than the contaminated dredged material.        In addition,  the cap
               material should be of a grain size which will be resistant to erosion      and thus
               stable over the long-term.     The USACE Waterways Experiment Station       Dredging
               Research Technical Note DRP-5-05 (November 1991) discusses a variety of
               techniques which can be used to construct a cap.










                                                      -49-



                   When selecting material to be used for capping purposes, its suitability
               (particularly grain size) for recolonization by benthic organisms must be
               considered.   The cap must be thick enough to ensure that recolonizing
               organisms cannot penetrate down to the underlying contaminated dredged
               material and that bioturbation will not expose the contaminated material.
               However, the cap may also serve to mitigate the original loss of habitat
               resulting from the disposal of the contaminated dredged material.

               (4) Management Process:    monitoring of capped Open Water Disposal Sites will
               be required to ensure that contaminated dredged material is isolated from the
               environment. Refer to the USACE Waterway Experiment Station Dredging Research
               Technical Note DRP-5-07 (June 1992) for general guidance on designing an
               appropriate monitoring program.

                   A precision bathymetric survey (accuracy to 6      inches or better) of the
               disposal site will be required prior 'to any interim or final capping
               operation.   Immediately after the capping operation is completed, additional
               monitoring will be required to verify that a cap of the required thicknesss
               has been placed as intended.       This would include a precision bathymetric
               survey and the collection of core samples.      The placement of additional cap
               material will be required if the specified cap design parameters have not been
               met.


                   Long-term monitoring of the Open Water Disposal Site and its cap will 'be
               required to ensure that (1) the stability and required thickness of the cap is
               maintained, and (2) the cap is effective in isolating the contaminated dredged
               material.  This will consist of precision bathymetric surveys, the collection
               of core samples and the chemical analysis of sediment and body burden analyses
               of benthic organisms in the disposal area.        Appropriate management actions
               will be required to ensure that the contaminated dredged material is isolated
               from the environment.   This will usually involve the placement of additional
               suitable cap material.

               (5) Testing Requirements:    only clean dredged. material which will ensure the
               long-term isolation of the underlying contaminated dredged material is
               suitable for use in capping Open Water Disposal Sites.           This involves a
               consideration of the physical and chemical characteristics of the capping
               material in relation to both the disposal site and the underlying contaminated
               dredged material.    Such considerations must be evaluated as part of the,
               process of selecting/siting the Open Water Disposal Site. Grain size analyses
               will be required to evaluate the potential long-term stability of the cap when
               subjected to the current and other erosive forces in the disposal area.         The
               grain size data will also be used to ensure that the contaminated dredged
               material is not dispersed as a result of the capping operation.       In addition,
               this information will be considered as part of the evaluation of the potential
               recolonization of the cap by benthic organisms.

                  Chemical analyses of the proposed capping     material will also be required
               to ensure it is acceptable for unrestrictect     open water disposal.    Refer to
               Section IV-C-(3)(d) for applicable testing requirements (note:        any dredged
               material that meets the Testing Exclusion criteria listed in Section III-B
               does not need to undergo bulk sediment chemistry testing).      This information,











                                                   -50-


              together with the chemical data for the underlying contaminated dredged
              material, will be used in the development of a monitoring program for the Open
              Water Disposal Site and its cap.

                  Given the interdependent and complex evaluations needed, the suitability
              of any material for use in the capping of an Open Water Disposal Site will be
              made on a case-by-case basis.









                                                      -51-






                                            Chapter VI - References



               Brandon, D.L., C.R. Lee, and J.W. Simmers 1992. "Long-term Evaluation of
                   Plants and Animals Colonizing Contaminated Estuarine Dredged Material
                   Placed in Upland and Wetland Environments," Environmental Effects of
                   Dredging Information Exchange Bulletin D-92-4, U.S. Army Engineer
                   Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, MS, September 1992.

               Brannon, J.M., T.E. Meyers, and B.A. Tardy 1994. "Leachate-Testing and
                   Evaluation of Freshwater Sediments," Miscellaneous Paper D-94-1, U.S. Army
                   Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, MS, April 1994.

               Department of the Army - U.S. Army Corps of Engineers 1987. Beneficial Uses
                   of Dredxed Material, Engineer Manual EM 1110-2-5026, 30 June 1987.

               Department of the Army - U.S. Amy Corps of Engineers 1987.
                   Confined Disposal of Dredged Material, Engineer Manual EM
                   1110-2-5027, September 1987.

               Environment Canada. "Guidance for the Collection and Preparation of Sediments
                   for Physico-chemical Characterization and Biological Assessment," Draft.'.

               Folk, R.L. 1969. Petrology of Sedimentary Rocks, Hemphall Publishing Co.,
                   Austin, Texas.

               Long, E.R., D.D. MacDonald, S.L. Smith, and F.D. Calder 1995. "Incidence of
                   Adverse Biological Effects Within Ranges of Chemical Concentrations in
                   Marine and Estuarine Sediments," Environmental Management 19(l):81-97.

               New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection and Energy 1992. "Field
                   Sampling Procedures Manual".

               New Jersey Dredged Materials Management Team 1995. "Dredging - What is the
                   Best Approach for New Jersey?" Final Report, February 1, 1995.

               Palermo. M.R. 1985. "Interim Guidance for Predicting Quality of Effluent
                   Discharged   from  Confined Dredged     Material Disposal Areas - Test
                   Procedures," Environmental Effects of Dredging Technical Note EEDP-04-2,
                   U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, MS, June
                   1985.


               Palermo, M.R. 1991. "Design Requirements for Capping,"Dredging Research
                   Technical Note DRP-5-03, U.S. Amy Engineer Waterways Experiment Station,
                   Vicksburg, MS, February 1991.

               Palermo, M.R. 1991. "Site Selection Considerations for Capping," Dredging
                   Research Technical Note DRP-5-04, U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment
                   Station, Vicksburg,
                   MS, November 1991.










                                                    -52-



              Palermo, M.R. 1991. "Equipment and Placement Techniques for Capping," Dredging
                  Research Technical Note DRP-5-05, U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment
                  Station, Vicksburg, MS, November 1991.

              Palermo, M.R., T. Fredette, and R.E. Randall 1992. "Monitoring Considerations
                  for Capping," Dredging Research Technical Note DRP-5-07, U.S. Amy Engineer
                  Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, MS, June 1992.

              Schaefer, T.E. and P.R. Schroeder 1988. "Confined Disposal Guidance for Small
                  Hydraulic   Maintenance    Dredging    Projects   -    Design    Procedures,"
                  Environmental Effects of Dredging Technical Note EEDP-02-8, U.S. Army
                  Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg,.MS, December 1988.

              U.S. Army Corps of Engineers - New York District and Environmental Protection
                  Agency - Region 11 1992. Guidance for-Performing Tests on Dredged Material
                  Proposed for Ocean Disposal," Draft - 18 December 1992.

              U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. "Guidance for Preparation of Combined
                  Work/Quality Assurance Project Plans for Environmental Monitoring," OWRS
                  QA-I, Office of Water Regulations and Standards.

              U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. "Handbook - Stream Sampling for Waste
                  Load Allocation Applications.

              U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and Department of the Army - U.S. Army
                  Corps of Engineers 1991.     Evaluation of Dredged Material Proposed for
                  Ocean Disposal   Testing Manual, EPA-503/8-91/0001, February 1991.










                                                         -53-





                                               Chapter VII - Glossary




               ambient conditions:       those physical, chemical, and biological conditions
               present in the immediate vicinity of the project site.

               anadromous fish:      marine or estuarine species of finfish that spawn in
               freshwater (CZM Rules Glossary); fish that migrate          from oceanic to coastal
               waters, or from salt water to fresh water.

               benthic:   occurring or living on or in the bottom of a water body (CZM Rules
               Glossary);, the bottom of a water body,             with particular      reference    to
               sediments.


               benthos: see benthic; the organisms living on       the bottom of a water body.

               best management practices (BMPs): methods and       measures employed to reduce the
               adverse environmental impacts resulting from        a' dredging or dredged material
               management/disposal activity.

               bioaccumulation: the accumulation of contaminants in the tissues of organisms
               through any route, including respiration, ingestion, or direct contact with
               sediment or water; indicates the biological availability of contaminants.

               bioassay (test): acute toxicity tests using organisms representative of the
               water column, benthic, and terrestrial environment(s) at the dredging or
               dredged material disposal site.

               borrow pit:    a deep hole in a bay or near-shore area remaining after borrow
               material has been removed.


               bulk (sediment) chemical analysis: the determination of the concentration of
               target analytes present in the sediments to be dredged.

               clamshell dredge:     a dredging bucket comprised of two hinged jaws; a boat or
               barge equipped with such a machine.

               containment area:      any site used for the permanent dispo        sal or temporary
               confinement of dredged material, and which may or 'may not have a permanent
               retaining structure, located in an open water or wetland area directly
               adjacent to an upland area.

               dewatering: the practice of actively or passively removing water from dredged
               material, usually occurring in a barge or upland confined disposal facility.

               dioxin:    commonly refers to polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDD) and
               polychlorinated      dibenzofurans      (PCDF),     in    particular       2,3,7,.S-TCDD
               (tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin).










                                                      -54-



               dredged material: . the sediments under a body of water removed during a
               dredging operation and displaced or removed to a disposal location.

               dredging:

                   maintenance dredging: the removal of accumulated
                     sediment from previously authorized navigation and
                     access channels, marinas, lagoons, canals, or boat
                     moorings, for the purpose of maintaining an
                     authorized water depth and width for safe navigation
                     (CZM Rules N.J.A.C. 7:7E-4.11[f]).

                   new dredging: the removal of sediment from the bottom
                     of a water body that has not been previously dredged,
                     for the purpose of increasing water depth, or the
                     widen*ing, or deepening of navigable channels to a
                     newly authorized depth or width (CZM Rules N.J.A.C.
                     7:7E-4.11[g]).

               effluent: a discharge of pollutants into the environment,
                   whether untreated, partially treated, or completely treated
                   (CZM Rules Glossary); particular reference to the quality of
                   water coming over a weir from a dredged material upland
                   confined disposal facility during and after a disposal
                   operation.

               elutriate (test): involves mixing dredged material *with dredging-site water
               and allowing the mixture to settle - the potential release of dissolved
               chemical constituents from the dredged material is determined by chemical
               analysis of the supernatant (elutriate) remaining after undisturbed settling.

               flocculents:  substances which, when added to dredged material, result in the
               aggregation of finer particles into larger particles, thus enhancing the
               settling properties of, the suspended particles and lowering the Total
               Suspended Solids in the dewatering effluent.

               furans: see dioxin.


               geotextile bag/container:    tubes, bags, and other containers costructed of
               woven and non-woven water permeable synthetic fabrics which can be filled with
               dredged material.

               heavy metals:   metals which have proven to be hazardous to living organisms
               ingesting them in sufficient quantities; generally, cadmium, nickel, lead,
               zinc, copper, mercury, and chromium.

               hopper  dredge:    self-propelled    seagoing   ships   equipped  with *sediment
               containers (hoppers), dredge pumps, and other special equipment.            Dredged
               material is raised by dredge pumps through drag arms in contact with the
               bay/ocean bottom and discharged into hoppers built in the vessel.

               hydraulic conductivity:   ratio of the velocity to driving force for viscous
               flow under saturated conditions of a specified liquid in a porous medium.










                                                      -55-



               hydraulic dredging:    use of suction equipment to remove a sediment/water
               slurry from the bay/ocean bottom.

               hydrogeology: the study of those factors that deal with subsurface waters and
               related geologic aspects of subsurface waters.

               impervious:   impassable, applies to strata such as clays, shales, etc., which
               will not permit the penetration of water, petroleum, or natural gas.

               leachate:  a solution obtained by leaching, as in the downward peneration of
               water through soil or solid waste, and containing soluble substances.

               lysimeter: a structure containing a mass of soil and so designed as to permit
               the measurement of water drainage through the soil.

               @mitigation:  a measure or system of measures taken to lessen the adverse
               impacts of development (CZM Rules Glossary); the replacement or substitution
               of a habitat in repayment for habitat that has been degraded or destroyed.

               modified elutriate test:    used to predict the quality of dewatering effluent
               discharged from upland confined disposal facilities and similar operations;
               see elutriate (test).

               New Jersey Coastal Zone:     the Coastal Area under the jurisdiction of ihe
               Coastal Area Facility Review Act (N.J.S.A. 13:19-4), all other areas now or
               formerly flowed by the tide, shorelands subject to the Waterfront Development
               Law, regulated wetlands listed at N.J.A.C. 7:7-2.2. and the Hackensack
               Meadowlands Development Commission District as defined by N.J.S.A.          13:17-4
               (CZM Rules N.J.A.C. 7:7E-1.1[b]).

               ocean: those waters of the open seas lying seaward of the baseline from which
               the territorial sea is measured.


               ocean disposal:    the practice of dredged material* disposal via oceangoing
               barge into a designated disposal site in deep, open water, often miles from
               shore; particular reference to the use of the Mud Dump site located offshore
               of Sandy Hook, New Jersey.

               open water disposal:   the practice of dredged material disposal anywhere into'
               open water.

               permit(s):  an authorization, license, or equivalent control document issued
               by-the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, U.S. Amy Corps of Engineers, or
               approved State agency to implement the requirements of an environmental
               regulation.

               physiography:   the physical geography of the general region/area in the
               vicinity of a project site; the study of the genesis and evolution of land
               forms.










                                                       -56-



               pollutants:    any gaseous, chemical, or organic waste (natural or man-made)
               that contaminates air, soil, sediment, or water, and has the potential for
               harm to human health, to any -aspect. of human or natural ecosystems, or to
               environmental aesthetics or vitality.

               polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs): nonflammable liquids formerly used in heat
               exchangers, electrical condensers, hydraulic and lubricating fluids, etc. with
               demonstrated chronic'toxicity effects.

               polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs):       although present in some natural
               products (eg. crude oil), they are generally associated with the incomplete
               combustion of organic materials; some have demonstrated carcinogenic effects.

               .reprofiling:  the levelling of sediments within a berth or reach, essentially
               removing small mounds on the bay bottom, by redistributing the sediments
               within the boundaries of the berth or reach.


               sample compositing: mixing distinct samples, or sediment layers from distinct
               samples, (see stratification) collected in a berth or reach proposed to be
               dredged.

               sample homogenizing:     mixing an entire sediment core sample which is not
               stratified (see stratification).

               sand:   loose, granular particles of worn or disintegrated rock, finer than
               gravel, and coarser than dust; the fraction of dredged material whose grain
               size distribution is 2.00 to 0.05 mm, generally referred to as coarse
               grained.

               sidecasting:    the pumping of dredged material and the discharge of the
               material to the side of the dredge, out of the channel or berth area.

               stratification (of sediments):     the formation of distinct layers of sediments
               having the same general composition (grain size, quality), arranged one on top
               of another.


               target analyte/compound: a hazardous substance, hazardous waste, or pollutant
               for which a specific analytical method is designed to detect that potential.
               contaminant both qualitatively and quantitatively (N.J.A.C. 7:26E-1.8).

               terrestrial ecosystem.:    of, pertaining to, or composed of land as distinct
               from air or water.


               total suspended solids (TSS):     the mass per unit volume (usually expressed in
               units of milligrams per liter - mg/L) of solid material obtained by filtering
               a known volume of liquid.

               toxic/toxicity:    a condition or substance that is harmful, destructive,
               poisonous, or deadly; the limit of intolerance of organisms to survive lethal
               chronic or short-term (acute) subjection to certain chemical and contaminating
               substances, or physical and environmental conditions.










                                                  -57-



              upland confined disposal facility:   a disposal site/structure located above
              the mean high tide level built to hold dredged material in a totally confined
              condition.  Upland CDFs are usually built to permanently hold contaminated
              sediments, but this term also refers to those facilities which will only
              contain dredged material for dewatering purposes prior to some future
              beneficial use or decontamination management alternative.










                                                       -58-







                          APPENDIX A - Quality Assurance/Quality Control Procedures



               I. Required Target Analyte Lists


                   Required bulk sediment chemistry and modified elutriate tests must include
               analysis for all target analytes listed in, Tables I-XIII, excepting the
               volatiles compound list, which will be required 'on a case-by-case basis.
               Required sequential batch leaching tests must include analysis for all target
               analytes listed in Table XIV.        Tables I-XIII also include the required
               analytical methods for each analyte, and the contract required quantitation
               limits (CRQLs).    These required analytical methods apply to all analytes
               listed in Tavle XIV as well.


               II. Reporting Requirements


                   All bulk sediment chemistry results must be reported in both wet and dry
               weight concentrations.

                   All polychlorinated dibenzo(p)dioxin and polychlorinated dibenzofuran
               congener results, in both sediment and water matrices, must be reported in
               both     individual      congener     concentrations      and     summarized       as
               2, 3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo (p) dioxin toxic equivalents, using the International
               '88 method of toxic equivalency factors.      Calculations should include the use
               of 1/2 the detection limit for all reported nondetects, and for those values
               reported as Estimated Maximum Possible Concentrations (EMPCs), the full EMPC
               value should be used.


                   All PCB congener results must be reported in both individual congener
               concentrations and summarized using the sum of the PCB congeners multiplied by
               a factor of 2, to equate the 22 individual congeners to a total PCB value (T.
               O'Connor, NOS, NOAA, in a July 20, 1994 memorandum to USEPA, Region II, S.
               Ausubel).

               III. Grain Size Analysis and Total Organic Carbon

                   The grain size analysis must be conducted according to the methods
               described by R.L. Folk, Petrology of Sedimentary Rocks (Hemphill Publishing
               Co., Texas, 1980).

                   Results must be reported as percentages within the general size classes:

                   Sand:      >0.625 mm diameter
                   Silt:      <0.625 mm diameter and >0.0039 mm diameter
                   Clay:      <0.0039 mm diameter










                                                      -59-



                   Total Organic Carbon analysis must be conducted according to the USEPA
               1986 method, excerpted from the December 1992 regional manual for USEPA Region
               II and the New York District Corps of Engineers, entitled "Guidance for
               Performing Tests on Dredged Material Proposed for Ocean Disposal," included as
               Attachment 1.


               IV. Sampling Methodology


                   The sampling methodology described below has been drawn from Section 8.2.6
               of the "Evaluation of Dredged Material Proposed for Ocean Disposal '- Testing
               Manual"," February 1991, US Army Corps of Engineers, and the USEPA IIQA/QC
               Guidance for Sampling and Analysis of Sediments, Water, and Tissues for
               Dredged Material Evaluations," Office of. Water (EPA 823-B-95-001, April
               1995).

                   The data reports submitted to the Department for testing and analysis of
               material proposed for dredging must include descriptions of the procedures
               used for sample handling, preservation, and storage.       These procedures must
               conform to the following guidance.

               (a) Sediment:

                   The recommended storage and preservation procedures for sediment samples
               are summarized in Attachment 2. The specified holding times by analyte group
               for sediment samples must be adhered to or the laboratory must contact the
               Department with any proposed alterations to the specified holding times.

                   Sediment samples are subject to chemical, biological, and physical changes
               as soon as they are collected, and therefore the handling, preservation, and
               storage techniques should minimize any changes in sample composition by
               retarding chemical and/or biological activity and by avoiding contamination.

                   A vibra corer (or piston corer for lesser depths) should be used for
               sediment sample collection.    To avoid cross-contamination of sediment cores,
               inert plastic core liners which have been steamcleaned prior to use must be
               utilized for individual sediment cores; these liners cannot then be reused.
               The vibra corer barrel must be rinsed between each sampling event.
               Cross-contamination of collected sediment and water samples via personnel must
               also be avoided.


                   Generally, samples to be analyzed for metals should not come into contact
               with metals, and samples to be analyzed for organics should not come into
               contact with plastics.      All sample containers should be appropriately
               cleaned: acid-rinsed (10% nitric acid) for metal analysis, and solvent-rinsed
               (methanol) for organic analysis. When equipment will be used to take samples
               for both metal and organic analysis, the acid rinse must be conducted first,
               and the solvent rinse second.      Samples should completely fill the storage
               container, leaving no headspace, except for expansion area needed for
               potential freezing.   Since the first few hours after collection are the most
               critical for potential changes to the sediment, preservation should begin
               immediately upon sediment collection onboard the collecting vessel.            This
               would include refrigeration or freezing with dry ice.           The elapsed time
               between sample collection and analyses must be as short as possible, and not
               exceed the recommended holding times listed in Attachment 2.










                                                      -60-






               (b) Water:

                   The recommended storage and preservation procedures for water samples are
               slimmarized in Attachment 2. The specified holding times by analyte group for
               water samples must be adhered to, or the laboratory must contact the
               Department with any proposed alterations to the specified holding times.

                   Water samples are subject to chemical, biological, and physical changes as
               soon as they are collected, and therefore the handling, preservation, and
               storage techniques should minimize any changes in sample composition by
               retarding chemical and/or biological activity and by avoiding contamination.

                   Water samples should be collected with either a noncontaminating pump
               (peristaltic or magnetically coupled impeller-design pump) or a discrete water
               sampler.  The pump system should be flushed with 10 times the volume of the
               collection tubing.   The discrete water sampler should be made of stainless
               steel or acrylic plastic, of the close/ open/ close type.        Seals should be
               Teflon-coated.  All water sampling devices should be acid-rinsed (10% nitric
               acid) for metal analysis, and solvent-rinsed (methanol) for organic analysis.
               When equipment will be used to take samples for both- metal and organic
               analysis, the acid rinse must be conducted first, and the solvent rinse
               second.


               V. Oualit-y Assurance/Quality Control Guidance


                   This guidance has been drawn from both the December 1992 regional manual
               for USEPA Region II and the New York District Corps of Engineers, entitled
               "Guidance  for Performing Tests on Dredged Material Proposed for Ocean
               Disposal," and the USEPA "QA/QC Guidance for Sampling and Analysis of
               Sediments, Water, and Tissues for Dredged Material Evaluations," Office of
               Water (EPA 823-B-95-001, April 1995).

                   The data reports submitted to the Department for testing and analysis of
               material proposed for dredging must include a description of all methods and
               procedures used in the field and laboratory, referencing established protocols
               or guidance, for the following:

                   1.   Sample collection
                   2.   Sample preparation (including homogenizing and compositing)
                   3.   Sample preservation methods and holding times (before and after
                            extraction)
                   4.   Chain-of-custody tracking documents
                   5.   Sample transport, storage, and disposal
                   6.   Sample analysis
                   7.   Data entry and data reduction
                   8.   Deviations from standard methods or prescribed procedures
                   9.   Narrative of analytical problems, corrective actions taken, effects
                            on data interpretation.










                                                     -61-





                   The following quality control samples or procedures will be required for
               both sediment and water matrices:


                   1.   Field blanks: One with every batch of 1-20 samples
                   2.   Method blanks: One with every batch of 1-20 samples (except for
                          volatile organic analysis: One with every batch of 1-20 samples or
                          every 12 hours, whichever is less)
                   3.   Matrix spike and Matrix spike duplicate: One set with every batch of
                          1-20 samples
                   4.   Surrogate spike recovery: each sample, organics only
                   5.   Standard Reference Materials (SRMs): One set with every batch of
                          1-20 samples, if available, see the sources of SRMs listed below
                   6.   MDL verification within last 6 months for marine sediments and salt
                          water matrices, to be submitted to the Department


               Standard reference materials (SRMs) may be obtained from the following
               organizations:


               Organic Constituents


                   U.S. Department of Commerce
                   National Institute for Standards & Technology
                   Office of Stardard Reference Materials
                   Room B3111 Chemistry Building
                   Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899
                   Telephone: (301) 975-6776

                   Marine Analytical Chemistry Standards Program
                   National Research Council of Canada
                   Atlantic Research Laboratory
                   1411 Oxford Street
                   Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada B3H 3Z1
                   Telephone: (902) 426-8280



               Inoraanic Constituents


                   U.S. Department of Commerce
                   National Institute for Standards & Technology
                   Office of Standard Reference Materials
                   Room B3111 Chemistry Building
                   Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899
                   Telephone: (301) 975-6776

                   Marine Analytical Chemistry Standards Program
                   National Research Council of Canada
                   Division of Chemistry
                   Montreal Road
                   Ottawa, Ontario, Canada KlA OR9
                   Telephone: (613) 993-2359







                                                                                                              ATEACII-M I



                                                            DETERMINATION OF TOTAL ORGANIC CARBON



                     1.0    APPLICATION AND SCOPE

                            This method, developed by the U.S. EnvironmentaL Protection Agency, Region II, EnvironmentaL Services
                            Division Laboratory in Edison, New Jersey, describes protocols for the determination of organic carbon
                            in ocean sediments. Although the detection Limit may vary with procedure or instrument, a minimum
                            reporting value of 100 mg/kg wilt be required for the ocean dumping/dredging program. Severe( types
                            of determinations, which are considered equivalent, are presented in this procedure.         However, wet
                            combustion methods are not considered to be equivalent to the pyroLytic methods described.

                            In this method, inorganic carbon from carbonates and bfca.bcm tes is removed by acid treatment. The
                            organic compounds are decomposed by pyrolysis in the presence of oxygen or air. The carbon dioxide
                            that is formed is determined by direct nondispersive infrared detection, f tome ionization gas
                            chromatography after catalytic conversion of the carbon dioxide to methane; thermal conductivity gas
                            chromatography, differential thermal conductivity detection by sequential removal of water and carbon
                            dioxide; or thermal conductivity detection following removal of vater with magnesium perchLorate.

                            Water content is determined on a separate portion of sediment and data are. reported in mg/kg on a dry
                            weight basis.


                    2.0 DEFINITIONS

                            The following terms and acronyms are associated with    this procedure:
                            LRB          Laboratory record book
                            TOC          Total organic carbon

                   3.0 PROCEDURE

                            3.1 Sample cotLection

                                  Collect sediments in glass jars with lids Lined with Teflon or aluminum foil. Coot samples and
                                  maintain at VC. Analyze samples within 14 days. If unrepresentative material is to be
                                  removed from the sample, it should be removed in the field under the supervision of the chief
                                  scientist and noted in the LRB on the field tog sheet.

                            3.2 Apparatus mid Reagents

                                  ï¿½   Drying oven maintained at 103, to 1050C.

                                  ï¿½   Analytical instrument. No specific TOC analyzer is recom.K4 ed as superior. The following
                                      Listing is for information on instrument options only, and is not intended to restrict the
                                      use of other unlisted instruments capable of analyzing TOC. The instrument to be used must
                                      meet the following specifications:

                                      -    A combustion boat that is   heated in a stream of oxygen or air in a resistance or
                                           induction-type furnace to   completely convert organic substances to CC   2 and water.

                                      -    A means to physically or    by measurement technique to separate water and other
                                           interferants from CC 2'
                                           A means to quantitatively   determine C02 with adequate sensitivity (100 mg/kg), and
                                           precision (25% at the 95%   confidence Level as demonstrated by repetitive measurements
                                           of a welL-mixed ocean sediment sample).

                                      -    A strip chart or other permanent recording device to document the analysis.

                                      0.)  Perkin Elmer Model 240C Elemental Analyzer or ecuivatent. In this instrument, the
                                           sample from Section 3.5 is pyroLyzed under pure oxygen, vater is removed by magnesium
                                           perchtorate and the carbon dioxide Is removed by ascarfte. The decrease In signal
                                           obtained by differential thermat conductivity detectors placed between the combustion
                                           gas stream before and after the ascarite tube is a measure of the orgo-Ac carbon
                                           content.
                                      (2.) Carlo Erba Model 1106 CNN Analyzer, or Iguivatent. In this apparatus, the sample is
                                           pyrotyzed in an induction-type furnace, and the resultant carbon dioxide is
                                           chromatographically separated and analyzed by a differential thermat conductivity


                                                                          A.2














                                               detector.


                                          M)   LECO Models WR12, WR112. or CR-12 carbon determinators. or Models 600 or 800 CNN
                                               anatyzgrs.    In the LECO WR-12, the sample is burned in high frequency irmiuction
                                               furnace, and the carbon dioxide is selectively absorbed at room temperature in a
                                               molecular sieve. It is subsequently released by heating and is measured by a thermal
                                               conductivity detector. The WR-112 is an upgraded WR-12 employing microprocessor
                                               electronics and a printer to replace the electronic digital voltmeter.

                                               In the LECO CR-12 carbon determinator, the sample is      combusted in oxygen, moisture
                                               and dust are removed by appropriate traps, and the carbon dioxide is measured by a
                                               selective, solid state, infrared detector. The signal from the detector is then
                                               processed by a microprocessor and the carbon content is displayed an a digital readout
                                               and recorded on an integral printer.

                                               In the LECO CHN-600 and CHN-500 eLementat analyzers, the samipLe is burned under oxygen
                                               in a resistance furnace and the carbon dioxide is measured by a selective infrared
                                               detector.

                                        (4.)   Dohrman Model OC85 Digital High Temperature TOC Analyzer. In this instrument, the
                                               sample is burned in resistance furnace under oxygen, the interfering gases are removed
                                               by a sparger/scrubber system, and the carbon dioxide is measured by a non-dispersive
                                               infrared detector and shown on a digital display in concentration units.

                                        Reagents

                                        0.)    DistiLted water used in preparation of standards and for dilution of samples should be
                                               uLtrapure to reduce the carbon concentration of the blank.

                                        (2.)   Potassium hydrogen phthatate, stock solution, 1000 mg carbon/L: DissoLve 0.2128 g of
                                               potassium hydrogen phthatate (Primary Standard Grade) in distilled water and dilute to
                                               100.0 ML.

                                               NOTE: Sodium oxelate and acetic acid are not recommended as stock solutions.

                                        (3.)   Potassium hydrogen phthatate, standard solutions: Prepare standard sotutions-from the
                                               stock solution by ditutiom with distilled water.

                                        (4.)   Phosphoric acid solution, 1:1 ky volume.

                            3.3    interferences

                                   3.3.1       Volatile organics in the sediments may be lost in the decarbonation step resulting in
                                               tow bias.
                                   3.3.2       :acteriat decomposition and volatilization of the organic compounds are minimized by
                                               maintaining the sample at 4 *C, analyzing within the specified holding time, and
                                               analyzing the wet sample.

                           3.4     Sample Preparation

                                   3.4.1       Allow frozen samples to warm to room temperature. Homogenize each sample
                                               mechanically, incorporating any overlying water.

                                   3.4.2       weigh the weit-mixed sample (up to 500 mg) into the combustion boat or cup. Add 1:1
                                               phosphoric acid dropwise until effervescence stops. Heat to 750C.

                                               NOTE: This procedure will convert inorganic carbonates and bicarbonates to carbon
                                               dioxide and eliminate it from the sample.

                           3.5     Sample Analysis

                                   Analyze the residue according to the instrument manufactureris instructions.

                           3.6     Percent Residue Determination

                                   Determine percent residue on a separate sample aliquot as follows:

                                   3.6.1       Heat a clean 25-mL beaker at 103* to,105*C for I h. Coot in a desiccator, weigh to


                                                                             A.3











                                           the nearest mg, and store in desiccator until use.

                                   3.6.2   Add 1 9, weighed to the nearest mg, of an aliquot of the weLL-mixed sample

                                   3.6.3   Dry and heat in the 103* to 1054C oven for 1 h. Coot in a desiccator. Weigh to the
                                           nearest mg.

                           3.7     Calibration

                                          instrument manufacturer's instructions for calibration. Prepare a calibration curve by
                                   plotting mg carbon vs. instrument response using four standards and a blank, covering the
                                   analytical range of interest.

                           3.8     Data Recording

                                   Record &It data and sample information in LRBs or an project-specific data forms.

                                   ALL transfers of date to form and data reductions (e.g., concentration calculations, means,
                                   standard deviations) should be checked by the analyst and approved by a tab manager, project
                                   manager, or principal investigator. Hard copies of sample data and spreadsheet reports
                                   should be kept in the testing Laborstar-/ s central files.

                           3.9     QA/QC Procedures

                                   3.9.1  Precision arW Accuracy The precision  and accuracy wilt differ with the various
                                          instruments and matrices, and must be determined by the Laboratories reporting data.
                                          A represeritative.sampLe of weLt-mixed, meshed, sediment should be analyzed in
                                          quadruplicate for 4 days to determine the analytical precision.

                                   3.9.2  it is critical that each sample be thoroughly homogenized in the Laboratory before a
                                          :
                                          ubsampte is taken for analysis. Laboratory homogenization should be cwWucted even if
                                          Wples were homogenized in the field.

                                   3.9.3  Dried samples should be cooled in a desiccator and held there until they are weighed.-
                                          If a desiccator is not used, the sediment wilt accumulate ambient moisture and the
                                          sample weight wilt be overestimated. A cotor-indicating desiccant is recommended so
                                          that spent desiccant can be detected easily. Also, the seat on the desiccator should
                                          be checked periodically and, if necessary, the ground glass rims should be greased or
                                          the 'Cr rings replaced.

                   4.0    DATA RED=1011. DOCUMENTATION, AND REPORTING

                          4.1      Data Reduction

                                   Data analysis and calculations will be performed whenever possible on computers using
                                   commercial spreadsheet software such as Lotus 1-2-3, Quattro Pro, or Microsoft ExceL.

                          4.2      Documentation

                                   Keep all laboratory records, test results, measurements, other and supporting documentation for
                                   each sediment test in a LRB or project file dedicated to that purpose.

                          4.3      Reporting

                                   Areport should be prepared including, but not Limited to, the following information:

                                        Sources of samptes
                                   0    Description of methods
                                   0    Summary of sample analysis results
                                   a    summary of any deviations from the project test plan
                                   a    Copies raw data, observations, or date f rms

                                   Total organic carbon should be reported as a percentage of the dry weight of the unacidified
                                   sample to the nearest 0.1 unit. The Laboratory should report the results of aLL samples
                                   (Including QC replicates, method blanks, and standard reference measurements) drd should note
                                   any problems that may have influenced sample quality. The laboratory should also provide a
                                   summary of the calibration Orocedure and results (e.g., range covered, regression equation,
                                   coefficient of determination).




                                                                        A.4
                  Sotxce: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers - New York District and Enviromental
                              Protection Agency -Region 11, 1992, "Guidance for Perforridng Tests
                              on Dredged Material Proposed for Ocean Disposal," Draft-18 Dec 1992.





                                                                                                    ATTACHMENT 2

                                                                              SUMMARY OF RECOMMENDED PROCEDURES FOR SAMPLE
                                                                                COLLECTION, PRESERVATION, AND STORAGE


                                                               collection              Sample                                             Preservation                 Storage
                                  Analyses                      modxxr                 VokuneP                Containee                                              Conditions             Holding Thn"'
                       Sediment

                         ChemilcalIPhysleal Anslym
                             metals                        Grab/corer             1009                  Precleaned POWW-           Dry iW or fteazw             :9 40C                    H9 - 28 days
                                                                                                        lane #Be                   storage for extended                                   Others - a moned
                                                                                                                                   storages. otherwise
                                                                                                                                   lefri9erale
                             organic compounds             GFab/borw              250 g                 Sokwd-rinsed glass         Dry IW or k9ftw              S 4*C*Idede               14 dayO
                             (e.g.. PCOs. pesticides.                                                   jar with TOW W             storage for extended
                             p*cydic aromatic                                                                                      storage; Otherwise
                             hydrocarbons)                                                                                         refrigerate
                             Particle size                 Grab/corer             100 g                 WhM-pac bagr               Reftigerate                  -C 41C                    Undetermined
                             Total organic carbon          Grabiborer             50 g                  "M treated glass           Dty iW or freezw             9 40CO                    14 days
                                                                                                        vlal with TOW-fined        storage for extended
                                                                                                                                   storages.. otherwise
                                                                                                                                   refrigerate
                             Total sspedk                 Grablborer             50 g                  -pic beg                  Flefflgera!e                 -C 4*C                    Undetermined
                             gravity
                             Miscellanem                   Grab/corer             a 50 g                Whirl-pec beg              Refrigerate                  -c 46C                    Undetermined
                             Sedirnard korn which          Grab/corer             Depends an tests      Glass with TeW-'           Completely m and             4-rddarW                 14 days
                             elutdate Is prepared                                 being perforrned      Ined Id                    refrigerate



                  Excerpted from pp. 54-57 of the USEPA "QA/QC Guidance for Sampling
                  and Analysis of Sediments, Water, and Tissues for Dredged Material
                  Evaluations#" Office of Water (EPA 823-.B-95-001, April 1995).







                                                                        Collection                Sample                                                 Preservation                    Storage
                                       Analyses                          MONIOCIP                 Vokmrwb                    Conlainee                    Techn"                       Contim"                  Holding Tim"d
                           Water OW Elublete
                             ChunlicallPhyalcal An*"o
                                  Particulate analysis             Discl to sampler 500-2.000 ML                     Plastic or glass             LUPOIS solution and             4OC                         Undetermined
                                                                   or pump                                                                        reirigerate,
                                  Metals                           Discrete sampler I L                              Add-dnsW polye".             PH -c 2 with @M,;               40C                         Hq - 14 do"
                                                                   or ptimp                                          lene or glass jaO            "*IPMGI                                                     Others - 6 monthe
                                  Total Kjokkohlrdt.o9w            Discrete Sampler         1w-M ad-                 Plastic or glase             ",SO4 to P" -c 2.               400h                        24 IP
                                                                   or pump                                                                        refrigerate
                                  Chwv*M oxygen                    Discrete sarnpler        200 ml-                  Plastic or glase             "&SO,, to P" < 2.               400k                        7 deW
                                  demwW                            or pump                                                                        refrigerate
                                  Total bWnic carbon               Discrete sanow           100 ml.                  Plastic or glase             H2SO4 to P" -c 2;               419C                        C48 houre
                                                                   or pump                                                                        refrigerate
                                  Total Inorganic carbon           Discrete sampler         Iw mL                    Plastic or glasle            Airtight met; remp.             40C                         6
                                                                   or ptimp
                                  Menalic compounds                Discrete sampler         I L                      Glase                        0.1-1.0 0 CUSO':                400                         24 hours"
                                                                   or ptxv                                                                        ",SO. to p" < 2;

                                  Soltible reactive-               Discrete sampler         -                        Plastic or glase             FNW. mMgwmO                     40C                         24 hwrO
                                  phosphates                       or ptxnp
                                  Extract" otganic                 Discrete sampler         4 L                      Amber glass. WIN             P" -c 2. 6N HCI.                400                         7 days for oxtrac-
                                  Comp"XIs (e.g.. semi-            or pump                                                                        Girlight sew; refrigerate                                   tion; 40 days for
                                  Volatile compounds)                                                                                                                                                         sample GO.
                                                                                                                                                                                                              analysed
                                  Volatile organic                 Discrete samplar 90 ml.                           Glass-Ad                     p" -c 2 with 1:1 "CL4           4V                          14 days for sm"
                                  compounds                        or pump                                                                        rehigerate In airtight.                                     ana". 0 pw
                                                                                                                                                  completely filled con.

                                  Total P! ni-tPINN                Discrete sampler                                  Plastic or glasO             ",SO4 to pH < 2;                46C                         7 dRW
                                                                   or pump                                                                        "Iftigerate







                                                                 Collection              sample                                                      aft.                 Store"
                                   Analpn                         M                     vok"We                   Contairlee                                             Corxmk)#"              Holft TIMOSO
                              Total solicts                  Discrete sarriplar 206 ml.                    Plastic or glase           ROM"le                         40C                     I days&
                                                             or pump
                              Volatile solids                Discrete samipler 200 mL                      Plastic or glase           Reft@pfflle                    AIG&                    7 d&W
                                                             or pump
                              Sullides;                      Discrete sampler -                            Plastic or glase           pH 2. 9 N&OH Mft).             VC                      24 toure
                                                             or pump






PCB - polychlorinated biphanyl

*Collection method should include appropriate liners.

*Amount of sample required by the laboratory to perform the analysis(wet weight or volume provided, as appropriate). Miscellaneous sample size for sediment should be
increased if auxillary analyses that cannot be included as part of the organic or metal analyses are added to the list. The amounts shown are not intended as firm values;
more or less tissue may be required depending on the analyses, matrices, detection limits, and particular analytical laboratory.

*All containers should be certified as clean according to U.S. EPA(1990c).

*These holding times are for sediment, water, and tissue based on guidance that is sometimes administrative rather than technical in nature.  There are no promuigated,
scientifically based holding time criteria for sediments, tissues, or elutriates.  References should be consulted if holding times for sample extracts are desired.  Holding
times are from the time of sample collection.

*NOAA (1989).

*Tetra Tech (1986a).

*Sample may be held for up to 1 year if s-20'C.

*Polypropylane should be used if phihalate bioaccumulation is of concern.

*Two weeks is recommended; sediments must not be held for longer than 8 weeks prior to biological testing.

*U.S. EPA (1987a); 40 CFR Part 136, Table III.

*Plumb (1981).

*If samples are not preserved to pH<2, then aromatic compounds must be analyzed within 7 days.

*Tetra Tech (1986b).








 













             The required analytes have been grouped according to type in the following
        tables.    Analytes in each group can be analyzed by the same preparative and
        analytical methods. A choice of a GC or a GC/MS method is given where applicable. A
        GUMS method is preferable to insure more positive identification of components.
        However, GC/MS methods are generally somewhat less sensitive thereby causing CRQLs to
        be higher.   Soil CRQLs are applicable to sediments. - Listed methods are from SW-846,
        Third Edition unless otherwise indicated.



                                   Table I - Volatile Halogenated Olganics


        Methods: Preparative, 5030A (purge and trap for water and soils)

                   Analytical, GC, 8010B
                                GUMS, 8260A

        Analyte                      Water CRQL(ug/L)                 Soil    CRQL[ug/Kg(wet wt.)]
                                       GC     GUMS                     GC       GUMS



        Chloromethane                   1       3                       5        10
        Bromomethane                    1       3                       5        10
        Vinyl chloride                  1       3                       5        10
        Methylene chloride              1       3                       5        10
        1,1-Dichloroethene              1       3                       5        10
        1,1-Dichloroethane                      3                       5        10
        1,2-Dichloroethene(total)       1       3                       5        10
        Chloroform                      1       3                       5        10
        1,2-Dichloroethane              1       3                       5        10
        1,1,1-Trichloroethane           1       3                       5        10
       'Carbon tetrachloride            1       3                       5        10
        Bromodichloromethane            1       3                       5        10
        1,2-Dichloropropane             1       3                       5        10
        cis-1,3-Dichloropropene         3       5                      10        15
        Trichloroethene                 3       5                      10        15
        Dibromochloromethane            1       3                       5        10
        1,1,2-Trichloroethane           1       3                       5        10
        trans-1,3-Dichloropropene       3       5                      10        15
        Bromoform                       1       3                       5        10
        1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane       1       3                       5        10















                              Table II    Volatile Aromatic Organics

       Methods: Preparative, 5030A (purge and trap for water and soils)

                Analytical, GC, 8020A
                            GC/MS, 8260A


       Analyte                    Water CRQL(ug/L)          Soil CRQL[ug/Kg(wet wt.)]
                                    GC    GUMS               GC    GC/MS



       Benzene                      1       2                5        10
       Toluene                      1       2                5        10
       Chlorobenzene                1       2                5        10
       Ethylbenzene                 1       2                5        10
       Styrene                      1       2                5        10
       Xylenes (total)              1       2                5        10
       Naphthalene                  1       2                5        10







       Table III - Volatile Nonpurgeable Water Soluble Organics by Azeotrovic Distillation


       -Methods: Preparative, 5031 (new method proposed in Update III to SW-846)

                Analytical, GC, 8015B
                             GC/MS, 8260B


       Analyte                    Water CRQL(ug/L)         Soil CRQL[ug/Kg(wet wt.)]
                                    GC    GC/MS             GC     GC/MS



       Acetone                      80                      240
       2-Butanone                   30                      90
       4-Methyl-2-Pentanone         10                      30














                                           Tab.le IV  Phenols



       Methods: Preparative, Water-3510B
                               Soil-3540B


                  Analysis, GC, 8040A
                            GC/MS, 8270B

       Analyte                      Water CRQL(ug/L)           Soil CRQL[ug/Kg(wet wt.)]
                                      GC    GUMS                GC     GUMS



       Phenol                         5      10                 50     330
       2-Chlorophenol                 5      10                 50     330
       2-Methylphenol                 5      10                 50     330
       4-Methylphenol                 5      10                 50     330
       2,4-Dimethylphenol             5      10                 50     330
       2,4-Dichlorophenol             5      10                 5'0    330
       2,4,5-Trichlorophenol          5      10                 50     330
       2,4,6-Trichloraphenol          5      10                 so     330
       2,4-Dinitraphenol              10     20                 100    660
       Pentachlorophenol              10     20                 100    660
       4-Chloro-3-methyl-phenol       5      10                 50     330















                                     Table V    Phthalate Esters



           Methods: Preparative, Water-3510B
                                    Soil-3540B


                      Analytical, GC, 8061A
                                  GUMS, 8270B

       Analyte                          Water CRQL(ug/L)            Soil CRQL[ug/Kg(wet wt.)]
                                           GC     CC/mS              GC    GUMS



       Dimethylphthalate                   5       10                50    100
       Diethylphthalate                    5       10                50    100
       Di-n-butylphthalate                 5       10                50    100
       Butylbenzylphthalate                5       10                50    100
       bis-(2Ethylhexyl)phthalate          10      20               100    200
       Di-n-octylphthalate                 10      20               100    200









                                     Table VI    N-Nitrosoamines


           Methods: Preparative, Water-351OB/3520
                                   Soil-354OB/3550A


                     Analytical, GC, 8070
                                  GUMS, 8270B

       Analyte                     Water CRQL(ug/L)                 Soil CRQL[ug/Kg(wet wt.)]
                                     GC     GUMS                     GC    GUMS



       N-Nitrosodinpropylamine       1        10                     50    100
       N-Nitrosodi.phenylamine       1        10                     50    100















                            Table VII - Polvnuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons


        Methods: Preparative, Water-351OB/3250
                                 Soil-354OB/3550A


                  Analytical, CC, 8100
                               CC/MS, 8270B

        Analyte                     Water CRQL(ug/L)            Soil CRQL[ug/Kg(wet wt.)]
                                      CC      CUMS               CC    GCIMS



        Acenaphthene                  5        10                50    100
        Fluorene                      5        10                50    100
        Anthracene                    5        10                50    100
        Fluoranthene                  5        10                50    100
        Pyrene                        5        10                50    100
        Benzo(a)anthracene            5        10                50    100
        Chrysene                      5        10                50    100
        Benzo(b)fluoranthene          5        10                50    100
        Benzo(k)fluoranthene          5        10                50    100
        Benzo(a)pyrene                5        10                50    100
        Indeno(1,2,3,-cd)pyrene       5        10                50    100
        Dibenzo(a,h)anthracene        5        10                50    100
        Benzo(g,h,i)perylene          5        10                50    100





                                        Table VIII   Haloethers



            Methods: Preparative, Water/Soil, See analytical methods

                      Analytical, CC, 8110
                                   CC/MS, 8270B


        Analyte                          Water CRQL(ug/L)            Soil CRQL[ug/Kg(wet wt.)]
                                            CC    CC/MS                CC   GC/MS



       @bis-(2-chloroethyl)ether            5      10                  50   100
        bis-(2-chloroisopropyl) ether       10     20                  50   100













                               Table IX - Chlorinated HVdrocarbons



          Methods: Preparative, Water/Soil, See analytical methods

                    Analytical, GC, 8121
                                 GUMS, 8270B

      Analyte                     Water CROL(ug/L)               Soil CRQL[ug/Kg(wet wt.)]
                                    GC    GUMS                    ac    GUMS



      1,2-Dichlorobenzene           5      10                     50    100
      1,3-Dichlorobenzene           5      10                     50    100
      1,4-Dichlorobenzene           10     20                    .100   200
      Hexachloroethane              1       3                     20    100
      Hexachlorobutadiene           1       3                     20    100
      Hexachlorocyclopentadiene     5      10                     50    100
      Hexachlorobenzene             1       3                     20    100
      1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene        5      10                     50    100







                             Table X - Nitroaromatics and Isophorone



          Methods: Preparative, Water/Soil, See analytical methods

                    Analytical, GC, 8090
                                GUMS, 8270B

      Analyte                    Water-CRQL(ug/L)                Soil CRQL[ug/Kg(wet wt.)]
                                    GC     GUMS                   GC    GUMS



      Isophorone                    10      10                    100    200
      Nitrobenzene                  10      10                    100    200
      2,4-Dinitrotoluene            5       10                    100    200
      2,6-Dinitrotoluene            5       10                    100    200

















                                      Table XI    Miscellaneous


                Analytical Methods (See method listed with analyte)

       Analyte                       Water CRQL(ug/L      Soil CRQL(ug/Kg(wet wt.)]
                                             GUMS               GUMS




       4-Chloroaniline (8270B)                20                 500
       3,3'-Dichlorobenzidene (8270B)         20                 500

       Seventeen (17) 2,3,7,8 substituted     CDD and OF congeners (1613).        The required
       congeners and related isotopes used    for analysis are shown in Attachment 1.      CRQLs
       for each congener should range from 5X the minimum level for water to 1OX the
       minimum level for solids.


       PCB congener and Aroclors (Sloan method, NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS ORCA-71).
       .This method was selected because it provides detailed cleanup procedures and
       quantitates all congeners of interest.        The New York District Army Corps of
       Engineers uses this method for its analysis of sediments for PCB congeners.         There
       is some concern about this method in that no performance statistics such as method
       detection limits, percent recovery, and precision are presented.        The recommended
       MDLs for all individual PCB congeners are 1 ug/kg dry weight (sediment), and 0.0005
       ug/L (water).





                                                                                                                                                M@dw 1613


                             Table 2. Retention Time References, Quantitation References, Relative Retention Times, and Minimum
                             Levels for CON and CON
                                                                                                                                  Minimum Level'
                                                                                                                                        Solid     Extract
                                                                            Retention Tim                   Relad"                    (nm         (09/914
                             Compound                                and -QuandWon Reftwence Retention Time ppa)                           ppQ       ppb)
                             ConWounds ustrig"Cd-1=441=1 as Me Inpabn werrW standatc!                                                      -
                             Z3,7kTCOF                            'OCu-2,3,7A-TCDF                     0.999-1.003             10          .1        0.5
                             Z3,7,8-TCOD                          "Cu-Z3,7A-TCDD                       OS99-1.002              10          1         0.5
                             1,Z3,7,8-PeCDF                       OCU-1=7A-P       9MF                 0-999-1.=               50          .6        2.5
                             Z3,4,7,8-PeCOF                       "CU-Z3A7.8-PeCDF                     0-999-4.002             so          5         2.5
                             UVA-PeCOD                            "Cu-1@Z3,7,SPeMO                     0.999-1 * OM            so          5         2.5
                             uCe2,3,7,8-TCDF                      OCu-I.Z3,4-TCt)t)                    0-923-1.103
                             "CICZ3.7,84CM                        "Cu-1=+TCDD                          W976-1.043
                             wCIj-Z3,7,8-TCDD                     1*Cu-IZ3+TCDD                        0.989-4.0m
                             "Ct-Ia3,7,S-PeCDF                    "Cu-1,Z3,4-TCDD                      1.000-1.425
                             uCjj-Z3,4,7,8-PeCDF                  uCjf1,Z3,4-TCDD                      1.011-1-C26
                             UCU-1,2A7,8-P9C[)D                   %@Z-1.Z3.4-TCOD                      1.000-1.567
                             Campounds ˚ "Cd- I= 7A94ixCDD as Me injecibn kft7W sW&d
                             1a3,4,7,8-KxCDF                      "Ct-1,Z3,4,7,S4WDF                   0.999-1.001             so          5         Z5
                             1=6,7kHxCDF                          "Cu-1,2A6,7,04ixCDF                  0.997-1.005             50          5         2.5
                             1,U,7,S,94ixCDF                      ur.,4=7,80+1413F                     0.999-1.001             so          5         L5
                             Z3,4,6,7,S4ixCDF                     %u-2,3,4,G,7,8,-HxCDF                0.999-1.001             so          a         :2.5
                             I,Z3,4.7,8-Hx(=                      uCjeIZ3,4,?,84t=JD-                  W999-1.001              so          5         2-5
                             1,U,6,7,8-HxCDD                      "Cu-1=,6,7,8,-HxCDD                  OS96-I.Mg               so          S.        2.5
                             1@Z3,7,8,9-HxCDD                                                          1.000-1.019             so          5         2.5
                             I,Z3,4,S,7,8-HpCDF                   UC@M-IZ3,4,S,7,PlpMF                 0.999-1.001             so          5         2.5
                             I,Z3,4,7,8,9-HpCDF                   "Ct-IZ3,4,7,8,9-HpCDF                0.999-1.001             so          5         2.5
                             1,Z3,4,6,7,"pCDD                     "C-u-IZ3,4,G,7,8-HpMD                0.999-1.001             so          5         2.5
                             OCOF                                 UCU-OCDO                             0.999-1.008             100         10        5.0
                             OCOD                                 %U-OCDO                              OS99-1.001              100         10        .5.0
                             uC,:r1a3,4,7,8-HxCDF                 '*C.-U17,80+14131)                   0.944-0.970
                             '3C,,-1,2.3,6.7,8-HxCDF              UC12'1,Z3,7,8,94ixCDD                0.949--O-M
                             '3C,r1,Zj,7,8,9-HxCDF                uCt-IZ3,7,80+lxCDD                   0.977-1.047
                             .C,:rZ3,4,G,7,S,4ixCDF               ur.,-i,2A7,8$4bCD()                  0.959-4.021
                             "C,j-1,Z3,4,7,8+bcCDD                uC,2-IZ3.7,8,94ixCDD                 0-977-1.000
                             "Cjj-1=,6,7A+bCDD                    "Cu-1=7.8.9+bCDD                     0461-1.0m
                             "CjeI.Z3,4,6,7j34ipCDF               "C@,-1;Z3,7,8,94ixMD                 1.043-4.085
                             13@11A4JA94ipMF                      uCu-1=7AP=                           1.W-I.151
                             "Ctf1,Z3A6,7kHp(MD                   "Cu-1=7,8A&=                         I.OWI.110
                             Or.,,-OCOD                           "Cu-1=7AS4ix=D                       1.032-1.311
                             1. The Minimum Level         for each ana" is defined as fm level at which the entire &WydcW systern must give a
                                recognizable signal wW acceptable calibration point. it is aqWYWM to Ihe concer&alon of 1he bNed calibration
                                standard, assuming tat of method-spedfied sample weOft volumes, and cleanup procedures hoe been employed.
                             Z  The retention time mhnm for 1,2 VAS-RCOD is uC,-12A6,7,S-HxCDD, and 1.=7,8,94ixCI)O                         quantified
                                using the averaged responses for '3C,,-l a3,4,7,8-HxCOD and '3Cj2-1a3,6,7,8+bCDD.
                                                                                                                            water
                                                                                                                            09IL;


















































                                                                       ATTACHMENT I
















                                             ATTACHMENT 2
                                       REQUIRED PCB CONGENERS



       PCB Conaener                                                    IUPAC



       2,41-Dichlorobiphenyl                                               8
       2,21,5-Trichlorobiphenyl                                          18
       2,4,4'-Trichlorobiphenyl                                          28
       2,2.1,3,5'-Tetrachlorobiphenyl                                    44
       2,2',5,51-Tetrachlorobiphenyl                                     52
       2,3',4,4'-Tetrachlorobiphenyl                                     66
       2,2',3,4',5-Pentachlorobiphenyl                                   49
       2,2',3,4,51-Pentachlorobinphenyl                                  87
       2,2',4,5,51-Pentachlorobiphenyl                                  101
       2,3,3',4,4'-Pentachlorobiphenyl                                  105
       2,3',4,4',5-Pentachlorobiphenyl                                  118
       2,2',3,3',4,4'-Hexachlorobiphenyl                                128
       .2,2',3,4,41,5'-Hexachlorobiphenyl                               138
       2,2',4,4',5,5'-HexachlorobiphenyI                                153
       2,2',3,3',4,41,5-Heptachlorobiphenyl                             170
       2,2',3,4,41,5,51-HeptachlorobiphenyI                             180
       2,2',3,4,4',5',6-lieptachlorobiphenyl                            183
       2,2',3,4,41,6,61-HeptachlorobiphenyI                             184
       2,2',3,4',5,5',6-lieptachlorobiphenyl                            187
       2,2',3,3',4,4',5,6-Octachlorobiphenyl                            195
       2,2',3,3',4,4',5,5',6-Nonachlorobiphenyl                         206
       2,2',3,3',4,4',5,5',6,61-DecachlorobiphenyI                      .209


       The recommended MDLs for all individual PCB congeners are 1 ug/kg dry weight
       @sediment), and 0.0005 ug/L (water).














                                         Table XII - Pesticides




       Methods: Preparative, Water/Soil, See analytical methods

                Analytical, GC 8080
                              r.c;MS, 8270B

       Analyte                 Water CRQL(ug/L)                  Soil CRQL[ug/Kg(wet wt.)]
                                 GC      GUMS                     GC     GUMS



       alpha-BHC                 0.1       1                      5       50
       beta-BHC                  0.1       1                      5       50
       delta-BHC                 0.1       1                      5       50
       gammma-BHC                0.1       1                      5       50
       Heptachlor                0.1       1                      5       50
       Aldrin                    0.1       1                      5       50
       Heptachlor  epoxide       0.1       1                      5'      50
       Endosulfan  1             0.1       1                      5       50
       Dieldrin                  0.1       1                      5       50
       4,41DDE                   0.1       1                      5       50
       Endrin                    0.1       1                      5       50
       Endosulfan 11             0.1       1                      5       50
       4,41DDD                   0.1       1                      5      .50
       Endosulfan sulfate        0.1       1                      5       50
       4,41DDT                   0.1       1                      5       50
       Methoxychlor              0.5       5                      so     300
       Endrin ketone.            0.1       1                      5       50
       Endrin aldehyde           0.1       1                      5       50
       alpha-Chlordane           0.1       1                      5       50
       -gamma-Chlorodane         0.1       1                      5       50
       Toxaphene                 1         10                    400     600















                                        Table XIII - Inorganics



           Methods: Preparative for Water/Soil, See analytical method for specific analyte

                      Analytical, See specific analyte below. The direct aspiration method
                      is listed first and the furnace method second.        The furnance method
                      has lower detection limits.


                                                                         CRQL
       Analyte                               Water(ug/L)            Soil(ug/Kg)wet wt.


       Antimony (7040, 7041, 7062)               3                       2500
       Arsenic (7060A, 7062)                     3                       2500
       Barium (7080A, 7081)                      1                        100
       Beryllium (7090, 7091)                    0.2                     2500
       Cadmium (7130, 7131A)                     1                        300
       Chromium (7190, 7191)                     5                       2500
       Copper (7210, 7211)                       5                       2500
       Lead (7420, 7421)                         5                       2500
       Manganese (7460, 7461)                    1                       2500
       Mercury (7470A-water, 7471A-soil)         1                        200
       Nickel (7520, 7521)                       5                       2500
       Selenium( _ , 7740)                       5                       2500
       Silver (7760A, 7761)                      2                        200
       Thallium (7840, 7841)                     5                        200
       Vanadium (7910, 7911)                     8                       2500
       Zinc (7950, 7951)                         0.5                     2500
       Cyanide (9010)                            40                      2500








                      TABLE XIV, Worst Case 11A Ground Water Constituent Standards



                                                                                                                                            Worst Case IIA
                                                                                                  Ground Water                              Ground Water
                                                                                                        Quality                               Constituent
                                                                                                        Criteria          PQL                     Standard
                                        -Constituent Groups                        CASRN                (uGAL)            (uG/L)                  (uG/L)
                      TARGET COMPOUND LIST


                      VOLATILE ORGANIC CONTOUNDS
                      Chloromethane                                                74-87-3              30.06             2.00                    16.00
                      Bromomethane                                                 74-83-9              10.00             2.00                    6.00
                      Vinyl Chloride                                               75-01-4              0.08              5.00                    5.00
                      Methylene, Chloride                                          75-09-2              2.00              2.00                    2.00
                      Acetone                                                      67-64-1              700.00            700.00                  700.00
                      GaFb8H DiSHWWO                                               ;15 is 9             70000             N"                      t-WA
                      1, 1 -Dichloroethene                                         73-35-4              1.00              2.00                    2.00
                      1,1 DiGhleFOWIIAAA                                           :75-34 a             . 50.00           N@A                     N/A
                      Chloroform                                                   67-66-3              6.00              1.00                    3.50
                      1,2-Dichloroethane                                           107-06-2             0.30              2.00                    2.00
                      2 Butanene                                                   78 93 3              309.00            N@A                     @N"
                      1, 1, 1 -Trichloroethane                                     71-55-6              30.00             1.00                    15.50
                      Carbon Tetrachloride                                         56-23-5              0.40              2.00                    2.00
                      Bromodichloromethane                                         75-27-4              0.30              1.00                    1.00
                      1,2-Dichloropropane                                          78-87-5              0.50              1.00                    1.00
                      Trichloroethene                                              79-01-6              1.00              1.00                    1.00
                      Dibromochloromethane                                         124-48-1             10.00             1.00                    5.50
                      1, 1,2-Trichloroethane                                       79-00-5              3.00              2.00                    2.50
                      Benzene                                                      7143-2               0.20              1.00                    1.00
                      Bromoform                                                    75-25-2              4.00              0.60                    2.30
                      4 Methyl 2 pentanene                                         iog ig i             40Q 00            @hwA
                      Tetrachloroethene                                            127-18-4             0.40              1.00                    1.00
                      1, 1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane                                   79-34-5              1.00              1.00                    1.00
                      Toluene                                                      108-88-3             1000.00           5.00                    502.50
                      thlorobeniene'                                               108-90-7             4.00              2.00                    3.00
                      Ethylbenzene                                                 100-41-4             700.00            5.00                    352.50
                      Styrene                                                      100-42-5             100.00            5.00                    52.50
                      Xylenes (total)                                              1330-20-7            40.00             2.00                    21.00

                      SEMIVOLATILE, ORGANIC CONTOUNDS
                      Phenol                                                       108-95-2             4000.00           10.00                   2005.00
                      bis-(2-Chloroethyl) ether                                    111-44-4             0.03              10.00                   10.00
                      2-Chlorophenol                                               95-57-8              40.00             20.00                   30.00
                      1,3-Dichlorobenzene                                          541-73-1             600.00            5.00                    302.50
                      1,4-Dichloirobenzene                                         106-46-7             75.00             5.00                    40.00
                      1,2-Dichlorobenzene                                          95-50-1              600.00            5.00.                   302.50
                      2 methylphenel,                                              95 49 7              400 QQ            WA                      WA
                      2,2'-oxybis (1-Chloropropane)                                108-60-1             300.00            10.00                   155.00
                      4 Methylphene4                                               196-44 5             350.00            N"                      IN"
                      N-Nitraso-di-n-dipropylamine                                 621-64-7             0.'005            20.00                   20.00
                      Hexachloroethene                                             67-72-1              0.70              10.00                   10.00
                      Nitrobenzene                                                                      3.00              10.00                   10.00
                      Isophorone                                                   78-95-1              100.00            10.00                   55.00
                      2,4-Dimethylphenol                                           105-67-9             100.00            20.00                   60.00
                      2,4-Dichlorophenol                                           120-83-2             20.00             10.00                   15.00
                      1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene                                       120-82-1             9.00              1.00                    5.00
                                                                                   N 20 a               30000             N@A                     N14-A








                     Hexachlorobutadiene                                    87-68-3             1.00            1.00                  1.00
                     4-Chloro-3-methylphenol                                59-50-7             100.00          20.00                 60.00
                     Hexachlorocyclopentadiene                              77-47-4             50.00           10.00                 30.00
                     2,4,6-Trichlorophenol                                  88-06-2             3.00            20.00                 .20.00
                     2,4,5-Trochlorophenol                                  95-95-4             700.00          10.00                 355.00
                     Acenaphthene                                           83-32-9             400.00          10.00                 205.00
                     2,4-Dinitrophenol                                      51-28-5             10,00           40.00                 40.00
                     2,4-Dinitrotoluene                                     121-14-2            .05             10.00                 5.03
                     Diethylphthalaie                                       84-66-2             5000.00         10.00                 2505.00
                     Flourene                                               86-73-7             30b.00          10.00                 155.00
                     N-Nitroso-diphenylamine                                86-30-6             7.00            20.00                 20.00
                     Hexachlorobenzene                                      118-74-1            0.02            10.00                 10.00
                     Pentachlorophenol                                      87-86-5             0.30            1.00                  1.00
                     Phenanthrene                                           85-01-8             100.00          10.00                 55.00
                     Anthracene                                             120-12-7            2000.00         10.00                 1005.00
                     Di-n-butylphthalate                                    84-74-2             900.00          20.00                 460.00
                     Flouranthene                                           20644-;0            300.00          10.00                 155.00
                     Pyrene                                                 129-00-0            200.00          20.00                 110.00
                     Butylbenzylphthalate                                   85-68-7             100.00          20.00                 60.00
                     3,3-Dichlorobenzidine                                  91-94-1             0.08            60.00                 60.00
                     Benzo(a)anthracene                                     56-55-3             0.05            10.00                 10.00
                     Chrysene                                               218-01-9            .0.5            20.00                 20.00
                     Bis(2-Ethythexyl)phthalate                             117-81-7            3.00            30.00                 30.00
                     Benzo(b)flouranthene                                   205-99-2            0.05            10.00                 10.00
                     Bi!nz*)flouranthene                                    207-08-9            0.5             2.00                  2.00
                     Benzo(a)pyrene                                         50-32-8             0.005           20.00                 20.00
                     Indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene                                 193-39-5            0.05            20.00                 20.00
                     Dibenzo(ah)anthracene                                  53-70-3             0.005           20.00                 20.00
                     Benzo(g,h,i)peryiene                                   191-24-2            100.00          20.00                 60.00


                     PESTICIDES/PCBS
                     alpha-BHC                                              319-84-6            0.006           0.02                  0.02
                     beta-BHC                                               319-85-7            0.20            0.04                  0.12
                     delta 914C                                             -310 96 9           5-.00           NIA                   I@UA
                     gamma-BHC (Lindane)                                    58-89-9             0.20            6.20                  0.20
                     Heptachlor                                             76-44-8             0.008           0.04                  .0.04
                     Aldrin                                                 309-00-2            0.002           0.04                  0.04
                     Heptachlor epoxide                                     1024-57-3           0.004           0.20                  0.20
                     Endosulfan 1                                           959-98-8            0.40            0.02                  0.21
                     Dieldrin                                               60-57-1             0.002           0.03                  0.03
                     4,4'-DDE                                               72-55-9             0.10            0.04                  0.07
                     Endrin                                                 72-20-8             2.00            0.04                  1.02
                     Endosulfan 11                                          33213-65-9          0.40            0.04                  0.22
                     4,4'-DDD                                               72-54-8             0.10            0.04                  0.07
                     Endosulfan sulfate                                     1031-07-8           0.40            0.08                  0.24
                     4,4'-DDT                                               50-29-3             0.10            0.06'                 0.08
                     Methoxychlor                                           72-43-5             40.00           10.00                 25.00
                     Toxaphene                                              8001-35-2           0.03            3.00                  3.06
                     PCBs (Polychlorinated Biphenyls)                       1336-36-3           0.02            0.5                   0.50

                     TARGET ANALYTE LIST


                     INORGANICS
                     Antimony                                               7440-36-0           2.00            20.00                 20.00
                     Arsenic                                                7440-38-2           0.02            8.00                  8.00
                     Barium                                                 7440-39-3       2000.00             200.00             1100.00
                     Beryllium                                              744041-7            0.008           20.00                 20.00'
                     Cadmium                                                7440-43-9           4.00            2.00                  3.00
                     Chromium                                               7440-47-3           100.00          10.00                 55.00








                   Copper                                               7440-50-8         1000.00           1000.00            1006.00
                   Iron                                                 7439-89-6         300.00            100.00              200-00
                   Lead                                                 7439-92-1           5.00            10.00                10.00
                   Manganeese                                           7439-96-5          50.00            6.00                28.00
                   Mercury                                              7439-97-6          2.00             0.50                 1.25
                   Nickel                                               74,40-02-0        100.00            10.00               55.00
                   Selenium                                             7782-49-2          50.00            10.00               30.00
                   Silver                                               7440-22-4          40.00            2.00                21.00
                   Sodium                                               7440-23-5        50000.00           400.00            25200.00
                   Thalliurn                                            7440-28-0          0.50             10.00               10.00
                   Zinc                                                 7440-66-6        5000.00            30.00              2515.00
                   Cyanide                                               57-12-5          200.00            40.00               120.00


                   DIOXIN
                   TCDD (2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin)           1746-01-6       0.0000002           0.01                 0.01






























































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