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C 0 M P R E H E N S I V E P L A N U P D A T E Queen Anne's County, MD Aug, 1984 HT 393 .M3 C66 1984 wpm Alag A 98, :7, S A u u COASTAL@ZONE;.,-.l.,[email protected]@:,-;.-.',@@-.-:--'@@-,'@.....@.@-@@-":@.1@@4-1.@@'..."'@@-I'l-@'@ 2". r-SNK-I, ig, 9 Hit -lit lit .yll*.-j;llf9lfljlHMLj It /flit fil lit' tile.-I .2@ Fourth a T %J d Fif th uisid t J'A I a S,.uounty rviand?" 2-Y, v3u p I DW AU U- ell" COMPREHENSIVE PLAN UPDATE FOURTH AND FIFTH DISTRICTS QUEEN ANNE'S COUNTY AUGUST 1984 QUEEN ANNE'S COUNTY, MARYLAND County Commissioners Oscar A. Schulz, President Thomas E. Pierson Vernon B. Sultenfuss County Planning Commission Walter Schmidt, Chairman Henry Covington Elwood Burgess Julius Grollman Lewis E. Lane Katherine Ruth Oscar Schulz County Administrator Robert D. Sallitt County Planning Director Wayne Gardner Consultants Greenhorne & O'Mara, Inc. 4 QUEEN ANNE'S COUNTY, MARYLAND Citizen's Advisory Committee Mareen Waterman, Chairman Elwood Burgess Julius Grollman John Broderick Rev. Robert Brown Richard Britt Marlin Clevenger Frederick Wildt Warren Sadler Joseph Downey Arthur Kudner Emma D. Handy John Claude Lowery Thomas Ewing, Jr.. Joseph B. Saddler, Jr. 4 Katherine Ruth Albert Stant Harry L. George, Jr. Fig PI ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .01reenhorne & O'Mara, Inc. acknowledges the contributions and assistance from the following persons and departments in the preparation of the Compre- hensive Plan Update: County Administrator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Robert D. Sallitt Planning Director . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wayne Gardner Planning Department Secretary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Joan Dawkins Health . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Late Dr. Benjamine White lire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Philip Hurlock Police . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . William Hurley Sheri f f . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mel vi I I e Sewel 1 &a ry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Charles Powers Recreation and Parks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D. Steven Walls Public Works . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lawrence Morris Environmental, Health . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . James R. Morris Housing and Community Development . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pete Scanlon Economic Development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Susan B. Fowler Ilaryland Historical Society . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Orlando Rideout Robert Miller Water Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . o Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Earl Bradley School s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . John Miller TABLE OF CONTENTS Section Page LIST OF TABLES LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS iv VP HISTORY ENVIRONMENT 25 POPULATION 49 ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT 59 HOUSING 74 TRANSPORTATION 85 PUBLIC UTILITIES WATER SUPPLY 98 WASTEWATER TREATMENT FACILITIES 103 SOLID WASTE COLLECTION AND DISPOSAL 106 STORMWATER MANAGEMENT 108 PUBLIC AND HUMAN SERVICES EDUCATION 109 PARKS AND RECREATION 115 FIRE AND EMERGENCY SERVICES 125 POLICE 128 HEALTH CARE 130 LIBRARY 133 LAND USE 134 Ul-,BAN DESIGN 147 ISSUES AND OPPORTUNITIES 149 DESIGN GUIDELINES 153 GOALS AND OBJECTIVES 160 FUTURE LAND USE PLAN 172 ?Ej LIST OF TABLES Tabl e Page I Historic and Architectural Significant Buildings 22 Population Trends 50 2 3 Place of Residence 49 ik 4 Population and Race 52 5 Population and Race 53 61 Popolation Characteristics 54 7 Population by Age 55 8 Family Income 57 9 Families by Income 58 10 Estimated Number of Employees, by Industry 60 11 Estimated Number of Employees, by Industry 61 12 Place of Work 62 13 Employed Persons by Occupation 64 14 Labor Force 63 0 5 Labor Force Percent 65 6 Labor Force 66 17 Persons 25 Years Old and Over by Years of School Completed 67 18 Employment by Occupation 69 19 Industrial Property 71 20 Housing 75 21 Housing Type 76 k 22 Occupancy Status and Renter-Owner Occupied Housing Units 77 23 Mean Value and Contract Rent of Housing Units 78 24 Building Activity 80 25 Year, Structure Built 81 VK 26 Residential Development by Occupancy 82 27 Housing Condition 82 Lacking Complete Plumbing Facilities 84 29 Traffic Volumes and Design Characteristics 86 '5 High Accident Intersections 88 31 High Accidents at State Intersections 89 Highest Accident Rates State Intersections 91 LIST OF TABLES (Continued) 33 Highest Accident Rates 92 Highest Traffic Flow - U.S. 50/301 93 3-1 35 Highway Needs - Secondary System 96 36 Public Education 109 School Facilities 112 37 3,-') School Enrollment by Race 114 39 Enrol'Iment Projections 113 Parks and Recreation Facilities - Fourth District 120 Parks and Recreation Facilities - Fifth District 122 2 Park and Recreation Facilities - Fourth & Fifth Districts 123 *3 Fire and Ambulance Service Calls 125 Crimes Committed 129 Primary Care Services 131 '6 Land Use - 1984 135 47 Land Use - 1962-1974-1984 137 Zoning and Land Use - Fourth District 138 Zoning and Land Use - Fifth District 139 D Zoning and Land Use - Fourth and Fifth Districts 140 Population Potential of Existing Platted 144 51 Residential Land - Fourth District 52 Population Potential of Existing Platted 145 Residential Land Fifth District LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS a ure r Pa2e I Significant Historic and Architectural Sites 4 2 Topography 26 3 Flood Plain 28 4 Soil Classifications 30 5 Soil Drainage 34 6 Suitability of Septic Tanks 35 7 Prime Agricultural Land 37 3 Conservation Areas 39 9 Critical Waters 45 n Shoreline Erosion 48 11 Industrial Zoned Properties 74 12 Housing Developments 79 13 Concentration of Substandard Housing 83 X 114 County Functional Classification of Streets 87 Street Intersections & Segments with Highest Accident Rates 90 ID Scheduled Highway Improvements 95 17 Water Service Areas 99 Active Water Appropriations Permits 101 19 Wastewater Treatment Facilities Service Areas 105 20 Solid Waste Collection and Disposal 107 21 Education Facilities 110 22 Parks and Recreation 117 23 Fire Protection Facilities 126 24 Land Use inventory 136 2 5 Existing Zoning Districts 141 41 iv lu M111, 0 -lip It lop Y Hi'm JI.: Ax fly 41 HISTORY ne earliest settlement in Queen Anne's County was on Kent Island in 1631 William Claiborne and his colony, members of the English Church. This the first white establishment in the colony of Maryland. Being the site of the earliest permanent English settlement in Maryland, the Fourth -istrict became the center of religious, economic and political turmoil -with the arrival of Lord Baltimore's colony, represented by the Roman Catholic Cavaliers. In 1656, the Fourth District was taken over by the B y 1700 there were 3,000 people residing in the area, and -,.jch of the land along the tidal estuaries had been patented. It was later established as a County in 1706 with the Queen Anne's Town (later renamed Queenstown) designated as the County seat. Located on a tributary of the Chester River, Queenstown was the largest town in the County and it remained so for much of the 18th Century. With their rich resource of timber and their location on the water, the Districts' first industry 43s ship building. Much of the forested areas were cleared and agriculture :)ecame their major economic base. @bacco was the principal cash crop. When the Districts' planters were -it off from the English markets for the sale of their tobacco, the planters s-arted to grow wheat and corn. The increasing demand for grain export @rOL]ght Philadelphia and Baltimore merchants into direct competition. D.;ring the period 1750 to 1770, the grain milling business had significantly E@xpanded. @relre were several individuals who played prominant roles in early national state histories. One of the many patriotic colonists of the Districts 7r eias William Paca, a prominent Statesman and signer of the Declaration, nD resided on Wye Island. Another one was Wi I I i am Grason, Mary] and's Democratic governor, and he resided in the area known now as Grasonville. ,een Anne 's Cou nty '.s pop ul at i on I evel ed of f a t 13 000 i n 17 60. This f correlated with the granting of the last significant blocks of unpatented and marked the completion of initial settlement throughout the County. TF T population declined in response to deteriorating soil fertility and Ine p,-,or farming practices as well as isolation from markets. Steamer service 3s established between 1820 and 1830 for the major tributaries of the astern shore which helped to diversify the farms into dairy products, .,,Dpor e ru i t ,vegetables, and other perishable products. New farming practices @nd technology contributed to the economic revival of the Districts' agri- I L.Ural base. Along with the agricultural prosperity, there was also population increase. This agricultural prosperity is depicted by the iarge 17th and 18th Century colonial manor houses or plantations, with .@).3ir brick material and their simple, classic features. @erries were vital to the early colonists' transportation and communication. co'lonists would use the Broad Creek ferry for travel across the Chesapeake ,ay from Kent Island to Annapolis and across Chester River to Chestertown. A road system was developed to serve the interior regions and provide A:cess both to marketing centers and to the coastal landings. On the '1794 Griffith Map, a principal road was shown through the County from @-nestertown to Kent Island, and it formed a part of a postal road from :Iniladelphia to Annapolis. -ine of the side effects of abolishing slavery was thatparcels of land were subdivided into smaller estaes for the freed slaves. After a brief !7i@erlude of economic decline in the 1860's caused by disruptins of the --ivil War, the Districts' once again enjoyed growth in the 1870's and The completion of the Queen Anne's and Kent Railroad line in Anne's County in the late 1860's and early 1870's contributed further ine Districts' economic recovery. The rails provided increased access narkets in distant cities such as Philadelphia and New York, while 3"Intilating the development of canneries and other manufacturing concerns. the 1880's, the peach blight crippled an agricultural economy which 1 become too dependent on a single crop. ,.Ire was no change in agricultural economy for most of the first half the 20th Century. Even with improved transportation and agricultural clinology, the Districts' agricultural economy was generally depressed, 2 2,@jcularly in the 1930's. The seafood harvesting industry, which included crabbing, clamming and fishing, absorbed most of the unemployed ,stering, and became the Districts' major employer. 4, -20th Century was the construction ost significant event in the mid the Chesapeake Bay Bridge in the early 1950's. The bridge marked the relative isolation for much of the Eastern Shore. Increasing population AL .",Ssure and rising land prices in the adjacent Western Shore counties -@s Caused ar domino effect for residential development in the Fourth and Districts. The consequent population growth has had a profound _01 in all aspects of life in the Districts, as housing developments, !.--,-)nobile traffic, strip commercial, service industries, insufficient -,:)Iic utilities and manufacturing concerns all collide with the still -edominantly rural character of the County. This rapid growth has had i c ul a rly ser i ous i mpl i cat i ons f or the p reserva ti on of the hi stori c @^.rU@:tures in the Fourth and Fifth Districts. -enbrance of the past is very important to the Districts' people as I as to the State of Maryland. The Districts' rich and important history displayed in the architecture of its buildings. Steps must be taken preserve historic sites and buildings lest some of the Districts' rich @._j@age be lost to the people forever. An historic survey was recently ertaken by the Maryland Historical Trust. Figure 1 identifies the of the historic significant buildings. 3 FIGURE I FOURTH AND FIFTH- D1STPdCTS QUEEN ANNES COUNTY 31 NOFTT-H 2 . ....... . 121 ..... ..... 270 2 n4, 7 2 ............ 46 213 is* 1 134 82 201 12 to 09 4 2 - - 21 27 2 2&2 1201 0 2 06 204 20 7-7 427- 20 3" 1 330 .... ..... 45 Ic 37 is el is& it 27 ..... 121 12 7 42 6 437 SIGMRCANT MSTOFdC A'ND 75 ARCHMECTURAL SrrES 297 0 54W 1080(y 216W Below are the i d e n t i f i cat i ons of the st ructu res and desc ri pt i ons of thei r importance. FOURTH DISTRICT Barnstable Hill (69) Early 20th Century National Register of Historic Places Barnstable Hill is architecturaly significant as a representative example of rural , vernacular domestic architecture of the turn of the 20th century displaying more than the usual amount and integrity of architectural detailing in its design. The farm property is associated with the agricultural history of the area as an example of land continuously used for 200 years as farm land by the same family. Mattapex (165) Circa 1760 Mattapex is one-of a small group of 18th century story-and-a-half brick houses surviving on Kent Island. Constructed by the Carter family the exterior remains in remarkable condition, and the interior paneled fireplace walls are among the finest in the county. Great Neck (164) 18th Century The earliest part of Great Neck is a small one story brick section that now serves as a wing to a large, late 18th century side hall single parlor house to the west. The larger house to the west probably dates to the last quarter of the 18th century. The most si'gnificant feature of this part of the house is the handsome walnut and pine stair. Friendship (163) Early 18th Century Friendship is one of perhaps a dozen houses in the county believed to date to the first half of the 18th century. The overal 1 form and the detai I ing of the house are typical of generally early buildings, and the documentary evidence reinforces a traditional date of circa 1740's. 5 4, Steven's Adventure Site (137) Late 18th Century The house on Steven's Adventure was the earliest recorded structure in the immediate vicinity of Stevensville. It was constructed in two stages, with a later frame wing dating to the post-Civil War period. The resulting structure was one of the most visually pleasing houses in the county, as well as one of the more unusual. Glebe Farm (136) Late 19th Century This 135 acre farm was purchased by Christ Church Parish in 1718 and used as a glebe until 1826, when it was sold to raise money for a new church. Eareckson House (125) Circa 1850 The Eareckson House -is typical of a house type that enjoyed considerable popularity in the second quarter of the 19th century. The most recognizable characteristics are the 2 112 story five bay form combined with center hall plan and corbeled brick cornice. Price House (15) Late 18th Century The Price House originally consisted of a 1 112 story, frame gambrel roof dwelling with a frame kitchen wing, probably dating to the mid-18th century or perhaps earlier. In the last quarter of the 18th century the house was enlarged by the construction of a 2 story brick section forming a right angle to the early frame house. It is this section which still survives. Goodhand House (10) Early 19th Century National Register of Historic Places The Goodhand House began as a small 1 112 story hall-parlor house dating to the early 19th century. At an early date a post-and-plank kitchen wing was constructed adjacent to the south gable, and in the late 19th centUry the main house was raised to 2 1/2 stories. The post-and-plank wing is one of the finest examples of this type of construction in Tidewater Maryland, and is complemented by a later post-and-plank corn crib in the rear yard with unusual dovetailed corner post construction. 6 T Shipping Creek Plantation (192) Circa 1800) The house at Shipping Creek Plantation has evolved through a relatively complex series of additions and alterations to its present form. The earliest section is an unusual example of a true 2 112 story brick house with a side passage plan, constructed in the early 19th century. Carville House Site (185) Late 18th Century The Carville House is similar to a number of 2 112 story brick houses still surviving in the count which were constructed in the last quarter y of the 18th century. Morgan's Enclosure (169) Circa 1760-80 Morgan's Enclosure is one of the largest 18th century houses on Kent Island. The most notable feature of the house is the unusual four room plan with a side stair hall. Variations of this general plan type are found in a number of 18th century houses in Annapolis, as well as in scattered examples on the Eastern Shore. Samuel Aaron Farm (167) Mid-19th Century The house at the Samuel Aaron Farm is a notable example of mid-19th century vernacular architecture. The center hall plan combined with story-and-a-half height are characteristic of small dwelling houses throughout the 18th and first half of the 19th century. Carter Creek Site (166) 18th Century A large 1 112 story five bay house with paired gable chimneys and a gambrel roof stood on this site until the 1950's. The only early feature surviving on the site is a small cemetery with gravestones of the Carter family ;4 dating to the latter half of the 19th century. ILI Cabin Neck (204) 18th Century Cabin Neck is one of a relatively large group of gambrel roof houses surviving in ueen Anne's County, and is also one of perhaps a dozen examples in which the roof was rebuilt at an early date, replacing the original pitched gable roof with the present gambrel. . 7 Avalon Canary Farm (203) Ci rca 1820 The two story, two bay form of the main house is relatively unusual for this @rea, as is the post-and-plank construction of the west part of the wing. The farm was a favored location for shipping local produce to Baltimore in the latter part of the 19th century. The produce was loaded onto small boats that transported the cargo out to larger sailing vessels offshore. Dixie (202) Early 18th Century Probably dating to the second quarter of the 18th century, Dixie is one of the earliest surviving houses in Queen Anne's County. The most distinctive feature of the building is the north gable wall, which is laid in glazed header Flemish bond with decorative glazed chevrons in the upper gable. Riverside Manor (213) Circa 1860 Even though the appearance and historic integrity has been altered, the building known today as the Castle Marina Restaurant was an excellent example of conservative Italianate architecture. The form, massing and plan were all consistent with earlier Eastern Shore building traditions, but the detailing was clearly conscious of new architectural ideas. Christ Church (212) 1880 National Register of Historic Places Kent Island is the cradle of the Anglican Church in Maryland, being the site of the earliest Anglican settlement in the colony. A congregation is known to have been established at Claiborne's settlement at Kent Point in the 1630's, and when the Act of 1692 officially established the English Church in Maryland, Christ Church Parish was one of the thirty parishes recognized. The present building is the fourth known church constructed by the Parish n the Broad Creek area. It is a superb example of the Queen Anne style 34 of ecclesiastical architecture, and is one of the most carefully preserved Victorian churches in Tidewater Maryland. 1Y John C. White Farm (207) Circa 1790 - 1815 The John C. White' House is an example of a two story, hall parlor plan house constructed circa 1790-1815. 8 William Porter Farm (206) Circa 1760 - 1780 The brick house on the William Porter Farm began as a story-and-a-half housp, constructed circa 1760-1780. The front facade of the original house is laid in all-header bond, one of five recorded examples of this bonding pattern in the county. Legg-Earreckson Farm (205) Early 19th Century Constructed in the first years of the 19th century, the early house on the Legg-Earreckson Farm is one of the most perfectly preserved small period dwellings in the county. In overall form and appearance, it bears much in common with other two story brick houses in this region, and is primarily notable for the fine Flemish bond brickwork of the front facade. Old Stevensville High School (262) 1909 Designed and constructed by George Lane in 1909, the old Stevensville High School is one of several early 20th century schools in the county and appears to mark the beginning of a coordinated effort to develop a regionally centralized county school system. It is similar in size, form and materials to a school building of the same period in the town of Queen Anne. James Baxter House (260) Early 19th Century The gambrel roof Baxter House is a small frame dwelling probably dating to the early 19th century, with flankin-g board and batten wings added in the mid- to late 19th century. Significant features of the house are its plan and structural framing. Cray House (259) Early 19th Century National Register of Historic Places @he Cray House is one of the finest surviving examples of an unusual framing sYstem known as post-and-plank construction, in which hewn and pit-sawn horizontal planks are mortised into hewn corner posts, reinforced with L ligh, intermediate stabilizing posts. L M 9 'k White's Heritage (222) Mid-17th Century National Register of Historic Places The tract of land now known as White's Heritage can be traced back to the mid-17th century, when John Gibson and Henry Stoupe patented 150 acres of land on the northeast side of Kent Island. The grant was made on November 12, 1656, and the land was surveyed in October, 1658. There has been a series of buildings on the property. Clayland Price Farm (221) Circa 1850 The early brick house on the Clayland Price Farm is believed to date to circa 1850, an attribution reinforced by the mixture of transitional decorative elements from both the second and third quarters of the 19th century. While typical in many respects of a house type that enjoyed considerable favor in the 1840's and 1850's, this house displays a remarkable variety of unusual decorativ.e details, some of which may be unique in the county. Early outbuildings include a brick dairy, the brick walls of a derelict meat house, and the ruins of a larger brick building said to be a slave quarter. Blunt's Graveyard (219) Early 19th Century This cemetery is all that survives above ground of historical interest on the ol d Blunt Farm. In 1838, this farm was given by Juliana Blunt to the Parish of Christ Church for use as a Glebe Farm to support the minister. Trinity Methodist Protestant Church 1866 The Kent Island Methodist Protestant Church was organized in 1864 and two years later constructed this small, brick temple form church. Notable architectural details include the bracketed cornice, pedimented gables, and the cast iron columns supporting the interior gallery. Scillin (216) Mid-19th Century This large brick house was constructed in two successive stages. The original house, built circa 1840-50, consisted of a 2 112 story side hall, double-parlor plan with a two story wing on the north side of the hall. Later in the 19th century the wing was raised to 2 112 stories and expanded 'IF to two room dept@. At the same time, a 1 112 story brick kitchen wing was added to the north gabl e. The interior remains virtually intact to the mid-19th century. 10 Comins Land (215) Mid-19th Century Comins Land, generally known as the Chambers House, is a large frame house with a'center passage plan. Dating to the mid-19th century, it was presumably j built by the Denny family, who owned the property for much of the 19th century. When Love Point became a popular resort circa 1900, the Dennys sold the land, and since then it has passed through a number of owners. Lowerys' Hotel (266) Mid-19th Century The two story five bay section to the south is mid-19th century in date and was presumably constructed and used as a private residence by the Jeffers family, who purchased 266 acres of land including this lot from Edward Ringgold in 1841. In 1888, the property was purchased by Alexander Lowery, who operated a hotel business. Old Stevensville Post Office (265) Late 19th Century This small frame building was probably constructed in the last quarter of the 19th century and served for many years as the Stevensville post office. The decorative vergeboards and Victorian entrance are the only distinguished features of the building. Stevensville Bank (264) 1903 Constructed circa 1903, the Stevensville Bank is the oldest bank building 0n@ent Island and among the earliest surviving in the county. The unknown designer combined a variety of classic architectural details into an ordered compos ition that brings to mind the more formal Beaux Arts bank designs of its period. Tolson Farm Site (428) Late 19th Century The tenant house on the Tolson Farm is a typical example of a house form -hat gained considerable favor throughout this region in the late 19th and early 20th centur . As with many houses of this type, the small frame y @ing to the north is the earliest part of the building. Sellers-Cockey Farm (427) Late 18th Century The f rame house on the Sellers-Cockey Farm is a 20th century dwelling constructed on the brick foundation of a house dating to the late 18th or e@rly 19th century. This early house burned in the 1930's. Of equal importance to the house foundation is a post-and-plank meat house that probably was constructed at the same approximate time as the early house. Ezion Methodist Church (378) 1903 The Ezion ME Church at Normans is one of the oldest black churches on Kent Island. The building dates to 1903, but the congregation can be traced back at least to the 1880's and probably to the 1870's. This small, frame temple-form church is a typical example of simple buildings erected by many black congregations in the late 19th and early 20th century. Clark House Site (360) Mid-19th Century This small frame house is representative of the inexpensive, plainly built tenant houses found throughout the Tidewater region. It was constructed in two stages, and as is often the case, the smaller story-and-a-half wing is the earlier part of the house. Broad Creek Farm Site (355) 17th Century Broad Creek Farm occupied the approximate site of the early settlement that pre-dates modern Stevensville. In the 17th, 18th and early 19th centuries, Broad Creek was the largest concentration of settlement on Kent Island. The first court house was erected somewhere in this vicinity, probably i-n what is today an open field to the east of Route 8, and Christ Church was located adjacent to the farm until the post-Civil War period. A ferry is known to have operated between Broad Creek and Annapolis. Ford Cray (303) 1627 41 The tract of land known as Crayford can be traced back to the earliest period of settlement on Kent Island. According to Nathaniel Hale, the Craney Creek area was explored by William Claiborne as early as 1627. T In the early 1630's this high ground along the south side of Craney Creek was settled by Claiborne. He named the tract for his boyhood home in England, built a house, and planted crops. Crayford maintained an important role in the ensuing conflict between Claiborne and the forces of the Maryland proprietary. 12 Benton Farm (298) 18th & 19th Century National Register of Historic Places There are four buildings and the ruins of a fifth on the Benton Farm that are of historical and architectural significance. These include the brick y foundation of an 18th centur house, a large late 19th century Victorian house, a post-and-plank meat house, a large frame granary, and a post-and- plank farm building. The meat house and granary are 19th century in date, but the post-and-plank farm building is constructed with wrought nails and dates to the 18th or very early 19th century, one of the earliest recorded examples of this building form. Pennyworth Tenant Farm (285) Mid-19th Century The tenant house on Pennyworth Farm is a simple two story frame dwelling with a two room plan and gable end chimneys. Probably constructed in the mid-19th century, it was later enlarged by a smaller, two story post-Civil War addition to the east. Pennyworth Farm (284) The main house at Pennyworth is the largest surviving Victorian dwelling recorded in the county, and is among the grandest buildings of its type on this part of the shore. Though relatively simple in overall form and plan, the care evident in the design and detailing makes it a pleasing building with many refinements. Evidently originally planned and constructed as a vacation hotel, the grand two story galleries provide magnificent views of the surrounding creeks and fields, while the glass observatory on the peak of the roof offers more distant views across the island. Dundee (282) Mid 18th Century The brick shell of an early house forms the core of the present dwelling at Dundee. This early building was 1 1/2 stories high, 17 feet wide and 33 feet long, with a three bay facade. It has been completely renovated, covered with stucco, and enlarged by several additions. Walker-Wagner House (275) Early 19th Century The Walker-Wagner House is a 2 112 story brick dwelling with a side passage, single parlor plan, which was renovated in 1961. 13 Stinton (273) 1722 Stinton is the oldest positively dated house in Queen Anne's County and is one of the earliest dated buildings in Maryland. Only the brick exterior wall@ remain of the original structure, and these are almost entirely stucc ed and covered with later additions. Robert White House (272) Mid-19th Century The Robert White House is typical of the side hall, double parlour plan house form that was popular throughout the first half of the 19th century in Tidewater Maryland. Dating to the mid-19th century, this example is unusually deep in plan, and displays several unusual construction details. Arrowhead Farm (271) Early 19th Century This 1 112 story frame house is located on part of a tract known historically as Upper Blunt's Point. Surveyed for Roger Baxter in 1650, the property remained in the Baxter family until 1807, when Vincent Baxter sold this part of the tract to James Hopkins. The house that stands today overlooking Cox Creek was probably built by Hopkins shortly after the purchase. Much of the building's early fabric has been either hidden or removed. Blue Bay Farm (270) 1760-90 Blue Bay Farm is one of the most interesting 18th century houses on Kent I s I a n d .Probably constructed circa 1760-90, the house bears comparison with several other contemporary houses on Kent Island and in Annapolis. The I A n :ader bond brickwork is only found in four other buildings in Queen ne@ County but was quite popular in Annapolis and Chestertown from the 1740's until the 1780's. Cloverfields (269) Circa 1780 Cloverfields is primarily significant as an unusual house type employing a double pile, four room plan and a story-and-a-half, five bay house form which has been greatly altered in this century. 14 Wesley Methodist Episcopal Church Site (268) 1912 The Wesley ME Church was evidently built in 1912, and replaced or expanded Lipon an earlier building that was constructed in 1877, four years after the property was acquired. It is notable as one of the oldest established black congregations in the county, and architecturally the building is among the finest black churches in this region. Christ Church Rectory (267) Earl 19th Century y This frame dwelling house, probably dating to the 1840's, was purchased by the Vestry of Christ Church as a rectory i n 1866, and continued in that role until recent years. Nash House (359) Mid-19th Century The Nash House is typical of a house form found throughout the Tidewater fegion, consisting of a two story, five bay frame house with a small story- and-a-half frame wing projecting from one gable. FIFTH DISTRICT St. Peter's Church (209) 1823-27, 1877 National Register of Historic Places St. Peter's Church has played an important role in the history of the Catholic Church in Maryland. A Catholic community was established in this area soon after Claiborne founded his colony on Kent Island in 1631, and this group, with the communities in St. Mary's and Charles Counties, iormed the earliest enclave of Catholicism in the American colonies. 'he parish of St. Peter's was established in 1765; the chapel constructed soon thereafter was the third permanent mission established on the Eastern Shore. The present church was built in 1823-1827 and expanded in 1877. May Turpin Farm (131) 1837 here are three buildings of interest on the May Turpin Farm. The main @Ouse is a large brick dwelling typical of the Federal period, with a ,de hall-double pairlor plan that was widely used on the Eastern Shore. Directly adjacent to the house on the north is a brick outbuilding believed to be one of the few surviving examples of a slave quarter in Queen Anne's County. The unusual outshut form and two room plan with central chimney constitute a unique house type in this county, and the evidence of an open,loft and dirt floor are a rare survival of architectural features found in small buildings in Tidewater Mar land throughout the pre-industrial y period. Also Of interest is a well-preserved granary dating to the mid-19th century which is set on the only recorded example of "staddle stone" footings in the county. Lloyd's Meadows (130) Mid-18th Century Cerca 1798-1815 The brick house on the Hamner Farm, historically known as Lloyd's Meadows, was constructed in two separate stages. The original section, dating to the latter half of the 18th century, was 1 112 stories high, three bays wide and two rooms deep with a side passage plan. This early house was enlarged circa 1798-185 two additional bays to the north and was raised to a full two stories. Callahan Farm (129) Early 19th Century The frame house on the Callahan Farm was probably constructed in more than one period. The main house certainly predates the handsome Victorian woodwork of the west gable and the south entrance porch. the overall form, the restrained fenestration pattern and the large gable and chimney are not atypical of late 18th century Federal houses in this region, though the house could date as late as the second quarter of the 19th century. The rear L may be a later addition, while the east wing appears to be of mid 19th century date or earlier. Bowlingly (7) 1733 National Register of Historic Places Bowlingly's scale and size are indicative of the house at the time of !Is construction. According to several historical accounts, British troops severely damaged the structure in the War of 1812. The house was later converted into a hotel (1850's) serving passengers of the Bal t i more-Queens town rerry and was restored back to its earlier appearance in the mid-20th century. 16 Hiram Hammond Farm (126) 1830 brick house on the Hiram Hammond farm is one of the finest unrestored 1he large exampl @s of Federal architecture in Queen Anne's County. To the rear Ot the house stands a very fine smokehouse with closely set heavy timber framing. Inside the meat house is a large curing barrel that was evidently put in place before the building was constructed or was made in place, as it is too large to pass through the door of the building. This is he only curing barrel recorded in the county. Sally Harris Mill House (122) Late 18th Century Patented as "Mount Mill" in the 17th century, this was the site of a mill for over 200 years. According to Swepson Earle, the present mill house was "reconstructed" in 1793. Sedgewick (120) Circa 1850 Sedgewick is an excellent example of a transitional house type that appeared i the mid-19th century, serving as a link between the Federal and Greek nvi le val houses of the first half of the century and the Victorian styles which followed. Walsey (118) 1937-38 The large brick house on the Nesbit farm known as "Walsey" is the finest Georgian Revival dwelling in the county. Constructed in 1937-38, the house was designed by Stewart W. Pike, a Philadelphia architect. Wheatlands Site (117) Wheatlands is a relatively unusual house in overall form and plan, with characteristics of the Federal and the Georgian houses. My Lord's Gift (116) 18th Century In the 1930's, the early house at My Lord's Gift was moved southeast of its original site. Despite the neglect of time, the early house remains Inore or less intact,. and is of interest primarily as an example of a moderate sizpd 18th century dwelling with a center passage plan. f 17 5 Blakeford (114) 1834-35; 1935 Structure Burned Jan. 13, 1970 Blakeford is primarily significant today as an archeological site and lor its associations with several of the most prominant families in Queen Anne's County during the 18th and 19th centuries, including the Coursey, Blake, Wright and Thom families. In particular, Blakeford was the home 4; 'or many years of Judge Solomon Wright and later his son, Robert Wright, the 13th Governor of Maryland (1806-1809). Slave Quarter at Hermitage (113) Late 18th Century The location, placement and architectural evidence makes this structure a prime candidate as a slave quarter. Bloomingdale (4) 1792 National Register of Historic Places Bloomingdale's importance is primarily its architectural merit; secondarily its builder and subsequent owners. It represents the architectural transition from an English Georgian building style to an American style, which is evident in the interior woodwork. It also represents the tangible achievement of the Seth family after owning the land for over one hundred years (1685- 1808). It was the later home of James Butcher, the acting governor in 1809- the Harris sister, socially prominent in Baltimore and Queen Anne's County; and Severn Teakle Wallis, a higher regarded Baltimore lawyer. Ralph Whaley Farmhouse (464) 1860 1, On the Ralph Waley farm stands an interesting frame farmhouse dating from the third quarter of the 19th century. It is composed of three sections, all two story with the main section having a side entrance on its three-bay facade. Conyer House (281) Mid-19th Century The Conyer House's importance is in its architecture. 'It i s the only recorded example i n Queen Anne's Count of a rare form of vertical plank Y constructi on . JI 4. Canterbury House (256) 1857 The Canterbury House is one of the most notable pre-Civil War buildings surviving in the center of Queenstown. The min house was probably constructed in 1857, and displays a handsome Italianate bracketed cornice and widow's walk. Of at least equal significance is the stone foundation under the outh section of the house, which is believed to be the remnants of the S fi rst Queenstown jai 1 " constructed in the early 18th century. Caroline T. Wilson House (364) Third Quarter 19th Century The Caroline T. Wilson House is a relatively plain example of a house type that first appeared on the Eastern Shore in the 1850's and persisted into the late 19th centur y Carmichael Methodist Church (363) 1873, 1904 The Carmichael Methodist Church is typical of the small frame churches commonly constructed during the last quarter of the 19th century. A striking hexagonal steeple with decorative dormers is the primary architectural feature of the building. It is further enhanced by Gothic stained glass windows, German siding, and a bracketed cornice. Slippery Hill Battlefield Site (362) 1813 The Battle of Slippery Hill was actually a very brief skirmish which occurred when a large force of British infantry advanced on and occupied Queenstown. It took place early in the morning of August 13, 1813 along the main road from Kent Narrows to Queenstown. A small troop of approximately 20 men were stationed just east of Grasonville, serving as an advance picket to watch the road. Faced with an advancing column of 2000 British infantry, the picket guard opened fire, repeated a second round and then retreated. The British force was thrown into confusion and had to fall back and regroup before resuming their, march, which led on the following day to the occupation of Queenstown. Nationwide Insurance Agency (254) 1857 The Nationwide Insurance Agency is the only building in Queen Anne's County with a cast-iron front. Mr. Wil liam McConnor purchased the property in Mlay 1888, and operated a furniture store and undertakers business from this location. In 1899, McConnor rented space to the newly forTned Queenstown bank. 41 19 St. Luke's Episcopal Church (253) Queenstown St. @uke's Episcopal Church in Queenstown is a fine example of the small frame parish churches built on the Eastern Shore during the late 19th 'entury. T-e present church was built in 1890 and replaced an earlier I frame chapel constructed in 1840-41 and consecrated in 1842. Marion Leaverton Farm (227) Mid 19th Century The early brick house on the Marion Leaverton farm is unique in form and plan among the vernacular buildings of Queen Anne's County. This plan is used in conjunction with a temple form building, a feature generally associated with the Greek Revival period. Although the temple form is quite common in many areas, particularly in New York State and the northern Mid-West, it seems not to have gained favor on the Eastern Shore. Blackbeard (361) 1898 The house Frederic Emory built at Blackbeard's Bluff was probably a unique example of pre-Georgian Colonial Revival architecture in Queen Anne's County. It is representative of the early phase of that rnovement, reflecting the late-Victorian fascination with early America. Gabler House (365) Early 19th Century The Gabler House is one of the earliest buildings in the center of Queenstown. Located on a lot known in the 19th century as the "Burnt Tavern Lot", the earliest part of the Gabler House appears to date to the second quarter of the 19th century and may replace an early tavern destroyed by fire. In the third quarter of the 19th century the small, early frame structure was enlarged to its present size and served as a hotel known as the Chester House. Little Wye (376) Late 18th Century This small brick dwelling on Wye Plantation is interesting as an example of late 18th century architecture. 20 Stone Granary (366) Circa 1850-60 The stone warehouse and granary on Queenstown Creek was constructed circa 1850-60 to serve the steamboat wharf of the Chester River Steamboat Company. This@ wharf projected out into Queenstown Creek directly in front of the granary. This wharf was an essential economic link between Queenstown and the rest of the Chesapeake Ba , allowing local farmers and merchants y to ship agricultural products out and receive manufactured goods in return. This warehouse is one of only two such buildings to survive in the county, forming an important historical link with the maritime commercial trade of the 19th century. Tanyard Farm (460) Date Unknown 4Z Tanyard Farm is a telescopic one story frame dwelling, covered in brown shingle with white trim, which looks more like a cape cod building than a Maryland dwelling. Site of Bennett's Chapel (437) Early 18th Century This archeological site marks the location of the Bennett family cemetery and of a mid-18th century chapel that was constructed over the tombs of Richard Bennett and his wife Elizabeth, as well as several other tombs dting to the first half of the 18th century. These tombs are among the earliest known marked burials in Queen Anne's County, and the unmarked Barouque tomb is one of the most elaborate examples of carved stone on the Eastern Shore. Dodd's Farm (439) Late 18th Century Probably constructed in the late 18th century, Springfield is a particularly large example of a center passage, single pile plan house. Originally 2 112 stories high, the house was enlarged in the mid-19th century to a full three stories, the first floor plan was modified by the additin of a secondary passage to the wing, and the i-nterior was extensively renovated. Robert Price III House (396) Early 19th Century T@e Price House is one of the few structures left in the center of Queenstown -*100wn to date prior to the mid-19th century. The plain exterior appearance this small dwelling offers no clue of its significance as an enlarged one-roOm-and-loft house only 14 feet wide and 16 feet long. 21 y Fires and demolitions have taken awa many of the Fourth and Fifth Districts' historic and architectural treasures. The following are a few historic significant buildings that have been destroyed or damaged either by an accident or in the name of progress: White House Farm (early 19th century), Ginsburg House (circa 1840), Wye Plantation (1747), Norman House (early 19th century), Methodist Episcopal Church (mid-19th century), and Kent Fo rt Manor (1800). There are two areas within the Fourth and Fifth Districts that have a large number of buildings with historic significance. Stevensville has 13 buildings and Queenstown has 10. Table I below lists the buildings in the two towns which have been identified to have historic and architectural significance: TABLE 1 HISTORIC AND ARCHITECTURAL SIGNIFICANT BUILDINGS STEVENSVILLE & QUEENSTOWN Stevensvi I I e Queenstown Christ Church Bowlingly Old Methodist Protestant Church Queenstown Courthouse Cray House St. Luke's Episcopal Church Baxter House Nationwide Insurance Office Old Stevensville High School Robert Price III Residence 3enton House Canterburg House Stevensvi 11 e Bank Caroline T. Wilson House Old Stevensville Post Office Gabler House Lowery's Hotel Stone Granary Christ Church @ectory It Xarstellar House if Clark House site 4 Source: Maryland Historical Trust rn order to discourage hasty destruction of some of the more important stlructures in the District's past, several have been placed on the National -R-29ister of Historfc Sites, and many of the buildings qualify for placement. Ine National Register of Historic Places is the official list of properties 22 51 and districts in the United States worthy of preservation because of their rogram was established .istorical, architectural and archeological value. The p, by the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 and is administered thie United States Department of Interior. Listing on the National Dy p,@@gis-,[er of Historic Places makes Property owners eligible to be considered f r federal matching grants-in-aid for historic preservation. In addition, o i -L@ makes available tax incentives to encourage the preservation of depreciable hiStOriC structures as specified in the Tax Reform Act of 1976. The historic survey, performed by Maryland Historic Trust, has produced valuable information for use by the County and Districts' residents. The objective of the survey was to acquaint people with the Districts' architectural styl es and their significance, thus promoting preservation. The need for increased 'public awareness in the Districts is urgent. Because of the increased growth and development being experienced by the Districts, nany historic buildings are being threatened by demolition or insensitive nodernization. 7n order to guard against the threats to historic sites and structures, number of steps are recommended. It is important that the County create and implement a local historic preservat-ion ordinance which would establish a Landmarks Commission to officially deal with preservation issues and activities. This commission could establish criteria for designation of local historic landmarks in order to make local designations of historically significant sites, structures and districts. The resources developed @Y the historic survey conducted by the Maryland Historical Trust would be valuable in such an effort. Along with the ordinance, a preservation Plan that specifically addresses the issue of how to preserve what remains In the Districts should be adopted. The County could also embark on a '-rogram of recognition of restoration projects around the Districts. 7@is could be done in cooperation with neighborhood groups and the historical societies, thus strengthening the fiber of neighborhood pride and reinvestment. area to address is adaptive reuse. Around the country, older D'ildings are being put to new uses in place of new construction. the 0 23 public and private sectors are coming to realize the value and economy ed of the conservation and reuse of existing buildings. Through public ucation and encouragement by local authorities, the Districts could preserve and revitalize their built environment. The Fourth and Fifth Districts possess a rich and interesting history which is exhibited in their historic buildings, parks and neighborhoods. Preservation of this history through conservation of the built environment will enhance the diversity and character of the Districts. 00 24 r.11V lull m^n ENVIRONMENT 1he Fourth and Fifth Districts are located in the western part of Queen A nnes County. The Districts lie on the western edge of the Delmarva Peninsula, which separates the Chesapeake Bay from the Atlantic Ocean. The Districts contain 84.8 square miles, close to a quarter of Queen Anne's County's land area, and are shorelined by the Chesapeake Bay, Chester and Wye Rivers, and Eastern Bay. Climate The Districts enjoy a temperate climate with warm summers and moderate winters, with temperatures averaging 74.2 degrees in July and 35.8 degrees in January. For the.County, the highest temperature was recorded as 105 degrees and occurred in July, 1911. The lowest temperature was -12 degrees and was recorded in February, 1918. The average duration of the frost-free period is 188 days, which means a long growing season. With major waterways surrounding the Districts, the humidity tends to be rather high (80-85 percent in the late summer) but its effects are somewhat modified by breezes from the Bay. The Districts average 41.27 inches of precipitation annually. The month of August receives the most rainfall , averaging 4.2 inches, while the Districts receive the least amount of precipitation in January, averaging 2.6 inches. The maximum rainfall record of 6.6 inches occurred in Stevensville on August 12, 1928. The annual snowfall for the Districts is over 21 inches, with January averaging the most snowfall (7.1 inches). In the summer months, winds prevail from the sout,h and southwest, whereas the winter winds are more westerly and northerly. The winds average eight to 10 miles per hour. Topographv and Flood Plains The Fourth and Fifth Districts topography gently slopes from sea level to an elevation of about 60 feet (Figure 2). 25 J7 FIGURE 2 FOURTH AND FIFTH DISTRICTS QUEEN ANNES, COUNTY' NORTH 31 AA IN TOPOGRAPHY Gott + 0 5.40GI 10800' 21600' Because of the low elevation, there are extensive flood plain areas in the Fourth and Fifth Districts. This high flooding potential is compounded by high seasonal water tables, poor surface drainage and high runoff character- istics of the soils. '4 in 1982, the Federal Emergency Management Agency issued a preliminary nap showing the 100-year flood plain (Figure 3). Major floods in the Fourth and Fifth Districts have occurred in 1933, 1954, and 1955. In August of 1933 the "Great StorTn of 1933" lashed the Eastern Shore of Maryland, but there are no specific records available for the flood damage. in late October 1954, Hurricane Hazel caused extensive damage to the two D i s t r i c t s .Damage estimates were placed at approximately $500,000. One hundred people were evacuated from Kent Narrows as a result of high storm cides. The storm tides in Queenstown were reported as the highest in history. During August of 1955, Hurricane Connie struck the Districts. Advance warning made it possible for residents to prepare their property against hilgh water, drastically reducing property damages in comparison with Hurricane Hazel . The dam at Wye Mills washed out, draining the community lake. Extensive silt deposits choked the downstream channel. Water from the dam washed over Route 404. Crab and oyster shanties at Kent Narrows had to be evacuated. The Department of Natural Resources of the State of Maryland has established rules and regulations governing construction on non-tidal waters and flood Plains. It restricts development in, obstructions to, and encroachment on the 100-year flood plain. Besides the State regulations, Queen Anne's C "Ounty has two ordinances which pertain to flood protection; one requiring minimum 50-foot building setback from wetlands and the other requiring minimum building ground elevation of five feet above the 100year flood level. Within tidal and non-tidal areas, the Federal Flood Insurance equires a minimum building elevation of seven feet above the 100 year !"I ood P1 an. 27 FIGURE 3 FOURTH AND FIFTH DISTRICTS OUEEN ANNES COUNTY A', NORTH ......... .. Ile Floodplain MMAS, OF 100 YEAR FLOMPLAIN AREAS Of 100 YEAR FLOOOPLA114 TO ...... ... ..... 500 YEAR FLOODPLAIN 0 540(r 10800' 2160a order to minimize flood damages and to lessen the severity of floods, development adjacent to waterways should be regulated. The most appropriate uses for these flood plain areas are low-intensity uses such as parks, golf,courses, and natural areas. soils Soil suitability for development depends upon its susceptibility to frost action, its shrink-swell potential, its permeability, its soil texture, the height of the water table and its fluctuations, the potential of flooding, the stability of the soil materials, particularly under heavy load or pressure. The Soil Conservation Service has identified the following four soil associations, which make up the Fourth and Fifth Districts (Figure 4): 1. Sassafras-Woodstown Association The Sass af ras -Woodstown Association consists mainly of nearly level to rolling fields, pastures, and some wooded areas. Most of the Association is on sl opes of two to five percent, though some of it has slopes of less than 2 percent, and many smal I areas are on slopes of five to more than 30 percent. The natural vegetation is made up chiefly of upland oaks, but other hardwoods are fairly common, and there are some strains of loblolly and Virginia pines. Except for slope and susceptibility to erosion in small areas, the Sassafras soils have practically no limitations that affect their use. The Woodstown soils, however, are only moderately well drained. They are wet and slow to warm up in spring and in places are unsuitable for early planting. 4 @rains are needed in most nearly level areas of Woodstown soils for disposing of excess surface water at planting time and during the early period of crop growth. 29 FIGURE- 4 a FOURTH AND FIFTH DISTRICTS QUEEN ANNES COUNTY NORTH- .......... . . . . . . . . . . . fill N SOIL CLASSIFICAMNS 5 SAFRAS- WOODS TOWN ASSOCIATIOM ilk ?%TAPEAKE-BUTLERTOWN ASSOCIATION MATTAPEX-KEYPORT ASSOCIATION Ilk" 0 5400' 10800* 216W ELKTON-OTHELLO ASSOCIATION .ioli@, in most places there are few limitations affecting the use of Sassafras soils for disposing of sewage effluent from septic tanks, but seepage nd downslope pollution are dangers on some of the.steeper slopes. Using the Woodstown soils for disposing of sewage effluent from septic tanks isseverely restricted because the water table is high in wet periods. ake-Butlertown Association 2. Matape T he Matapeake-Butlertown Association is made up chiefly of level to strongly sloping areas of deep, silty soils. About half the Association is well drained, and the rest is moderately well drained. Although a few areas remain wooded, almost all the Association has been cleared and is used for crops. The nati.ve trees are mainly upland oaks and other hardwoods, andthere are pines scattered through the stands in some areas. good management the Matapeake and Butlertown soils are the most @roductive in the County. They are fairly high in natural fertility and very high in available moisture capacity. Consequently, in dry periods -rops maintain better growth on these soils than on most others, though Id benefit from supplemental irrigation during periods of drought. ney wou he Matapeake and Butlertown soils are well suited to all crops and are 3:jsceptible to erosion only on steeper slopes, but in some places the ."jtlertown soils are slightly limited in use for crops because of impeded -rainage. Ditching is needed on level and mildly sloping Butlertown soils so that excess surface water can be removed in wet periods. -'cept in steeper areas, the Matapeake soils have only slight limitations affect their use for residential developments or for disposing of ',@',,aqe effluent from septic tanks. The Butlertown soils have slight limi- --ions affecting their use for residential developments, but their use septic tanks is severely limited because the soils are slowly permeable are saturated when the water table is high. 31 omit k Matta pex _,'@eypo rt Association Mattapex-Keyport Association is mic-derately well drained silty soils t have a subsoil ranging from a fir-.-@ silty clay loam to plastic clay. .,Lhough a large part of the association has been cleared and is farTned, areas are still wooded. Oaks are dof-,,-Inant in the stands, and hickory, -@ple, holly, and other water-tolerant trees are common. In some cutover loblolly pine occurs as scattered trees or in nearly pure stands. 2.2@ause the major soils in this association are only moderately well drained, rface drainage must be improved before they can be used for many kinds crops. If the soils are drained, they are suited to most crops but -,nerally are used for c@orn, soybeans, pasture, and some hay crops. Alfalfa other perennial plants may be damaged by frost heaving in winter. is fairly easy to drain, work, and manage the Mattapex soils, but it imore difficult to drain and manage the Keyport soils because they are slowly permeable. Eroded areas of Keyport soils are difficult to and cultivate, for most of their crumbly surface layer has been lost ough erosion, and plowing brings up part of the heavy clay subsoil. to impeded drainage and slow permeability, the Keyport soils are -,'jy to have excessive runoff and are particularly susceptible to erosion. Yattapex and Keyport soils have characteristics that severely limit r use for septic tank disposal fields, and their use for residential --lopments is moderately restricted. Trees, shrubs, and other plants require good drainage may not grow normally on these soils. Al I ng si tes shoul d be dra i ned by t i I i ng or ditchi ng . Tile lines are factory i n the Mattapex soi I s , but ditches may be necessary in the sl owly permeabl e Keyport soi I s . Footings and excavations should drained, and basements carefully sealed against penetration of 32 Elkton-Othello Association -inally, the soils found in the Elkton-Othello Association are poorly -ined. I e a s t95 percent of the acreage has slopes of less than two percent, 3-j most of the rest is on slopes of two to five percent. Many parts the Association have been cleared, but woodland is extensive. The -3tural vegetation is chiefly maple, holly, red and black gum, and water- --lerant oaks, though loblolly pine has invaded some areas of cutover second-growth woodland, and there are a few pond pines. disposing of sewage effluent from septic tanks, limitations on the .;e of these soils are severe. Because the water table is high during -.:h of the year, there would be little or no movement of effluent, particu- !-Iy in the Elkton soils. Even if drainage and sewage disposal were ;-Dvided, use of the soils for the homesites is limited by subsurface 'er that would flood basements in wet periods and would injure or kill kinds of trees, shrubs, and other plants used in landscaping. -.:anning for the most appropriate land uses, soil information is necessary -termining the best use for each area. As a rule, the soils that @est for agriculture are also suited for development. Of the four Llypes within the associations, the Matapeake and Sassafras soils the most suited for development. There is only a slight limitation .1e disposal of effluent from septic tanks in these soils if they have 's of zero to five percent (Figure 5). On the other soils found within -istricts, Mattapex and Elkton, a community sewage treatment system @ded. -@jority of the areas within the Fourth and Fifth Districts are served .-Ic tank systems. There are several characteristics that make up _,@;Is which have god septic tank suitability. The soil characteristics the level of the water table, drainage and permeability. As shown 6, the majority of the soils in the Fourth and Fifth Districts 33 FIGURE 5 FOURTH AND FIFTH DISTRICTS QUEEN ANNES COUNTY NORTH .............. S01 L DRAJ NAGE WELL DRAINED SOILS MODERATELY WELL DRAINED SOILS 0 54W 10800' 21600' POORLY DRAINED SOILS q FIGURE 6 FOURTH AND FIFTH DISTRICTS QUEEN ANNES COUNTY NORTH ... rs@-, r jw; Ta SLOTAMUTY OF SEPTIC TANKS FAIR TO POOR SUITABILITY t 0 54W 1080C 216W ave fair to poor suitability for septic tanks. lot I 7housands of prime agricultural lands in the Districts have been converted -o non-agricultural uses. Prime agricultural lands are those soils which ave few limitations, the widest range of agricultural range and the least isk of damage. Agriculture has and still plays an important part in he economy and environment in Queen Anne's County. Figure 7 shows the rea where prime agricultural soils exist. @,Iegetation -)ueen Anne's County was once occupied almost entirely by hardwood trees. 5ecause most of the soils are at least moderately well drained, Oaks dominate @:nthe forests, and in wet areas, they are still extensive. Other important -.rees in wet areas were Red Maple, Sweetgum, Blackgum, Holly, Bay, Dogwood, i @eech, and Birch. 01hite, Oak has been especially important in the County, but most of the )riginal stands have been harvested, and the only old trees remaining @re some outstanding specimens. few Loblolly and Virginia Pines probably grew in some areas, but they ere not numerous until after many areas had been cleared. Virginia Pine @ncroaches in many.areas that have been abandon'ed or heavily cut over, "articularly if the soils are coarse textured and tend to be somewhat -l'oughty Loblolly Pine, sometimes known as Oldfield Pine, encroaches "some soils, particularly those that have impeded drainage. Queen Anne's -)unty, however, is at about the northern limit of the natural range of -"blolly Pine, and extensive or fairly pure stands of this tree are rare. 4dal marsh supports coarse grasses and rushes, and there are a few shrubs @'Ismall trees that tolerate salt or brackish water. 36 it j FIGURE 7 FOURTH AND FIFTH DISTRICTS QUEEN ANNES COUNTY NORTH J1 /* Al Ile" PRIME AGRICULTURAL LAND 5.40(f 10,800' 2160T -qservation Areas J, ._@,-ause, of thei runique vegetation and wildlife, Maryland Department of ,-,,jr-al Resources has identified several areas for conservation (Figure Cabin Creek Area --is 'U' shaped area surrounds the eastern upland portion of Cabin Creek. ,-odlands occupy the ends of the area with farm land and tidal marshes i:lling the central portion of the area. Loblolly Pine, Red Maple, White Blackgum, Sweetgum, Post Oak and Holly make up the woodlands, with @@ghbrush Blueberry and Clertha forming a dense shrub and herb layer. small sandy beach borders Cabin Creek. Red Tailed Hawk, Yellow Billed -koo and White Eyed Vireo were sighted. Blackbeard's Bluff 7is 47 acre streamside forest is dominated by Mocker-Nut Hickory in the :anopy and Sweetgum in the understory. Hickory Tulip-Poplar and Sweetgum 2,e reproducing. Canopy trees are 9-12 inches in diameter. Honeysuckle :3rpets the herb layer. The shrub layer is relatively open and access rough the area is easy. The northwest edge of the area borders on the ester River and a long, 10-foot wide sandy beach is present. A Great je Heron was sighted along the water's edge. Wye East River -- Madam Alice's Branch is 302 acre site consists of a narrow strip of hardwood forest along e east branch of the Wye River and Madam Al ice's Branch site. Madam ''ice's Branch is tidal and lined with tidal marshes for-the lower (southern) .,i)-thirds of the site, and non-tidal (with an Ash-Willow-Sycamore floodplain V'rest) in the upper third within the site. The site is mostly surrounded farm land, and deer and other upland game can be found along the woods 'rgin. The endangered Delmarva Fox Squirrel is said to be living within e site. This site is valuable for its role as a feeding and resting "ea for migratory waterfowl , as well as for its role in buffering a highly --Dductive estuary. Wye Institute Institute is a 1,024 acres quasi-public site. It is largely tilled with some woodlots and a fringe of trees along the bank of Quarter to the north. The 168 acres of forest are mature American Beech- Oak-Hickory, with some Loblolly Pine and Willow Oak. Understory @eech, Mockernut Hickory, Sweetgum and Red Maple. The shrub layer light, with Dogwood, Beech, Tulip Poplar and Chokecherry. Several large trees are on the site, including the State champion White Ash, 38 FIGURE 8 FOURTH AND FIFTH DISTR ICTS. QUEEN ANNES COUNTY NORTH OF 0', "0.000 Conservation Areas WM-!l 0 540Y 10800* 216W Tulip Poplar 54 inch DBH, a Black Walnut 59 inch DBH, and a Littleleaf '.,den that rivals the State champion found on Wye Plantation. Wye Island ._,@ated in the Wye River basin, much of the shore is occupied by tidal -@-sh. Two Osprey nests were noted in the previous studies. Approximately percent of the island is woodland. White Oak, Beech, Sweetgum and :Djolly Pine Trees dominate the canopy. Beech, Red Maple and Sweetgum dominate in the understory and Red Maple seedlings are common in the I ayer. The shrub and herb layers are sparcely vegetated making mobility ,.-roUgh the area easy. Black Cherry and Sassafras seedlings occur sporadically the herb layer along with Catbriar. A Great Blue Heron was sighted the northwestern end of the island. Aesthetically, Wye Island exhibits 2 Dljcolic landscape with all the scenic amenities of being near the water. White Wildlife Refuge JsI02 acre site is a valuable wildlife habitat set aside by the property -,-,er for that purpose. The site has a large tidal salt marsh - Loblolly @'Ie forest interface in a shallow estuary. Most of the site is inaccessible foot due to a tidal creek separating the low sandy Loblolly Pine island .-)I,n the mainland, which is agricultural land. The site is very scenic its inaccessibility makes it a valuable coastal zone resource. The which this site is a part of also has a 65 acre mature Loblolly Pine @ardwood forest with a high scenic and wildlife value. t Kirwan Creek -is natural area, bordering on Kirwan and Goodhands Creeks, is composed aLoblolly Pine and White Oak forest. Associate trees include Sweetgum, @@kgum, and Red Maple. Dogwood and Greenbrier are present in the shrub @j'er, With Honeysuckle and White Oak seedlings present in the herbaceous A Brown-Headed Nuthatch and an Osprey nest have been observed. Cox Creek Creek woodland natural area is in a virtually undisturbed state. -1 the eastern side bordering Cox Creek, forest cover is thick and vegetation --,Linities change markedly over short distances. Vegetation communities composed of Loblolly Pine, Sweetgum, and Red Maple. In some areas, se thickets of Smilax almost totally congest the shrub layer. An herb is almost absent due to the dense canopy and sparsely scattered with other fern types present in the Red Maple depressions. Forest remains dense 'Completely up to the shore of Cox Creek with no beach er' t Bordering the northern edge of the forest at Cox Creek is a ,Itidal marsh where Phragmites dominates. 40 9i Warehouse Creek North Shore nis 38 acre site of woodlands is composed of a young Loblolly Pine strand, ,Jth a tidal marsh next to Warehouse Creek. id Warehouse Creek Area lis 154 acre site represents a very diverse and interesting area at the @ead of Warehouse Creek, on Kent Island. Tidal marsh, varying in width ;rom ten to several hundred feet, separates the dr land from the open y ,ater of the Creek. This marsh is characterized by Cattails, Phragmites, I rry, and Groundsel bush. Loblolly Pine and Eastern Red Cedar exist :)aybe .n the northern half. In the northeast corner of the natural area is an archeological site containing the remnants of a seventeenth century ,,arehouse built by Lord Baltimore. The southern half of the site is a -0stly pine forest. Much of this was clearcut in the last fifteen years, and is now a dense pine stand. Several small fresh-water ponds can be ;ound here. Deer and upland game are common on the uplands, and migratory ,,aterfowl and muskrat use the tidal wetlands and the creek. At lest one @reeding pair of Osprey occupy pilings in Warehouse Creek. Kent Point Natural Area - Lower Kent Point P majority of this site is small disjointed woodlots and perimeter bands trees and shrubs, generally on untillable land. A 95 acre woodlot Bloody Point is the largest unit. Almost 60 percent of that section .s a pure, even-aged Loblolly Pine stand with a sparse Brier and Poison .vy covered understory. The balance of this woodlot, like the rest of :qe site, is a vestige of the Loblolly-hardwood forest that is native this location. A 66 acre pond is within the site, surrounded for the -)st part by tilled land. A fringe of Marsh Mallow and some Hackberry, weetgum and Sassafras Trees are established on the unfarmed margins of -e pond shore. The site is a good wintering and nesting site formigrating -2terfowl in its present state, and could be an important public access the bay. Queenstown Talbot Terrace Scarp Talbot Terrace Scarp is an abrupt change in elevation between 20 and feet MSL carved out by a higher sea level during the Pleistocene Age. Scarp at this site is not easily observed and no example of geological I ',tcrOP or slopes exceeding 10 percent is visible. The 'Scarp' is best @erved on a topographic map. 41 Wye River South of St. Peter's Church he site is bordered to the south by a tidal marsh; an inadequate buffer ,one exi'sting along the water's edge. Canopy vegetation upstream is pre @Grninantly Green Ash and Red Maple with Sweetgum also present. Willow --s the dominant shrub species, particularly along the stream bed where ,he water flow is very slow. The area is somewhat inaccessible, situated ::,qthe middle of agricultural fields, and siltation is a minor disturbance. Piney Point - Gordon Point ,edged between the Chester River and Reed Creek, this small peninsula ,orth of Queenstown is a very interesting and valuable area. This is ,,he breeding area of Bald Eagles, Osprey, and Great Blue Heron, and an .niportant resting and overwintering spot for migratory waterfowl. Most ,,the site is forested, primarily with mature Loblolly Pine being replaced Dy Oaks and other hardwoods. Some portions of both the Pines and hardwoods -ave been selectively cut, and there are some small stands of Loblolly @ine. The largest tidal wetland is on the west side of the site, and -rees on Little Hummocks scattered through this marsh are a major nesting site of Great Blue Herons. Several pairs of Osprey nest along the waterfront,a @,id a breeding pair of Bald Eagles nest in the southernmost tip of the site. Deer are overabundant and have begun to overbrowse the vegetation. long, narrow beach fronts the Chester River, but is eroding and littered trees undercut by the erosion. Abbott Cove ne Abbott Cove area consists of a small tidal marsh, the adjacent inlet .,@d and the surrounding woodland. It is situated on the Chester River ')iuth of Tilghman Creek. The 2.5 acre pond is in the northwestern part the area. Marsh Elder and Bayberry are the major shrubs in the tidal .1sh which buffers the pond from the Chester River. The immediate surrounding 1; ea of the pond is dominated by rushes with Blackgum, Red Maple, and --lip-Poplar averaging 10 inches in diameter are the major species. A xed hardwood forest occupies the remaining 70 percent of the area. flaple is again the dominant s ecies with Scarlet Oak, White Oak, Sweetgum p Loblolly Pine the co-dominant species. The shrub cover is quite thick Sweet Pepper Bush and Greenbrier dominating. That portion of the @rest bordering Decousey-Thomas Road is characterized by mature specimens tl Loblolly Pine, White Oak, Spanish Oak, Beech and Sweetgum. J" 42 T_ ol ogy d -he entire portion of the Fourth and Fifth Districts is composed of a single geologic unit, named Kent Island Formation. The sediments of the @ent Island Formation are composed of interbedded sand, silt, and clay, ,ith the lower portion comprised of pebbly sand or gravel. The formation 15 incised into the units of the underlying Chesapeake Group, giving it 2nirregular thickness ranging from two to 40 feet. ,ater Resources resources are valuable assets to the Fourth and Fifth Districts. 32sides providing thousands of dollars in tax revenue and employing hundreds )f people in the Districts,- these resources are also a source of recreational and aesthetic enjoyment. The environmental conditions of the Chesapeake 3rethreatening the existence of these water resources. One of the environ- 7ental problems is the sediment flow into the spawning area caused by oreland erosion. Queen Anne's County has instigated a mandatory 5 & control program. Another problem in the major spawning areas is the zxcess nutrient enrichment from the phosphorus and nitrogen fertilizers 2qd seepage from poorly located septic systems and sewage treatment plant @',ffluent. This causes a phenomenon called eutrophication, which depletes 'issolved oxygen and inhibits growth. Besides the excess nutrients, the ;@wage treated effluents contains chlorine. Relatively low concentrations chlorine are toxic to most forms of aquatic I ife. Finally, construction @:tivities involving impervious surfacing can greatly affect the water "ality of adjacent bodies of water. These activities result in a loss habitat and lowered ground water level from devegetation, increased load, turbidity and loss of soil fertility due to surface erosion, _@dified chemical composition of water from leaching, and increased fluctuation stream level due to faster runoff and lowered water table. tical waters are those designated areas 300 feet shoreward which are S awning grounds for striped bass and those tributaries, migratory k hwa@ Ys and- contiguous vegetated tidal wetlands for at least three anadromous 43 semi-anadromous spawning species. The use of shoreland areas and wetlands _arent to the spawning grounds and migrator pathways for striped bass other anadromous fish needs to be carefully managed if the vitality such fish is to be maintained. In Figure 9, Maryland Department of .jral Resources has identified critical waters in the compounds of the ..-ated north of the Districts, the Chester River is one of several rivers makes a major contribution to the water resources of Maryland's .,astal zone. The Chester River supports a large and diverse resident population of estuarine and freshwater species, and also has large .,asonal influxes of adult anadromous fishes and ocean spawned young. @,.-yland Department of Natural Resources reported that Buoy Rock and Ferry .-e ,4211 populated with oysters. Crabs are also abundant in the downstream !-eas. With its many deep holes, tributaries and diversified shorelines, Chester River has adequate spawning and nursery areas for virtually species of anadromous and estuarine fish. Throughout the navigable -ion of Chester River, commercial and sport fishing occurs. The shoal !^_2@s along the Queen Anne's shoreline from Queenstown Creek to Crumpton !-e the center of commercial fishing. During the winter season two other ---?as are heavily used: Deep Point to Gordon Point and Piney Point-Ringgold nit to Queenstown Creek-Hail Point. large embayment to the Chesapeake, Eastern Bay is an extremely productive rich in finfish and shell fish resources. The Wye and the Wye East ers along with Eastern Bay constitute what is referred to here as the @@'ern Bay System. species of river herring and white and yellow perch reproduce in the t areas. A smal I popul ati on of resident f reshwater fish such as @inseed occur. Besides providing nursery areas for the young of migratory such as striped bass, spot, croakers, and weakfish spawned elsewhere, astern Bay and its tributaries provide good feeding areas for striped white and yellow perch and most of the oceanic spawners. Also, 44 FIGURE 9 FOURTH AND FIFTH DIST'RICTS OLEEN ANNES COUNTY 7@ 00, 10@ NORTH ... ... .... L if A f! jo, CMTICAL WATERS . . . . . . .... oysm nu SWT swu a-Am am ""'Po "-"s El a-kss I WATERS (SUITABLE FOR,WATE; Eil F 17 RECREATION AND AQUATIC LIFE CLASS II WATERS (SUITABLE FOR, If 0 6750' 13500' 27000' -SHELLFISH WV'ESTTNGI _T_ ,,ndy shore areas adjacent to the saline marshes surrounding and throughout Eastern Bay System provide some of the best habitat in the State for a ondback terrapin. m ;jbstantial commercial and sport fisheries are supported here. For sport ishing, yellow perch and white perch are found in the adjoining rivers, ;nd for commercial fishing, bluefish, striped bass and white perch have :22n the predominate catches. the Eastern Bay and its tributaries there are excellent growing conditions or crabs. The area supports an active commercial crab fishery and attracts -any sport crabber. Also, the Eastern Bay area has supported an excellent -opulation of soft clams and oysters. -idal Wetl ands .ne ti d al water wetl and s a re al so a val ue to the Di stricts , since they 0 utilized as habitats b thousands of species of plants and animals. y of the fish and shell fish have economic importance to the people the Fourth and Fifth Districts. Tidal wetlands also serve as a flood trol through temporarily storing flood waters which helps to prevent 'ownstream loss of property and lives. The wetlands also maintain water -uality by removing water-born chemicals, nutrients, silt load, filtering ,31lution. .o,n-Tidal Wetlands ne Districts' non-tidal wetlands are transitional environments, located @s isolated entities or between open waters and dry land. The non-tidal -'t1ands typically have saturated soils or periodic high groundwater levels -d vegetation adopted to wet conditions and periodic flooding. Besides Y. @rFlling natural flood conveyance areas, the non-tidal wetlands are able store. flood waters and slowly release them to downstream areas. The 1@tlands have an extensive and complex root system which stabilizes stream s, reduces the velocity of sediment laden waters, and traps sediments e e Ile, 'on 46 pollutants contained in these waters. Besides its ability to act llutant filters, many species of water fowl, mammals, amphibians reptliles use non-tidal wetlands for their habitat. Wetlands are a -.ential source of water supply since man of them were underlain by j y aquifers. Along with the ecological importance, wetlands ;j produce natural crops such as marsh hay, blueberries, cranberries, H I..: Wild rice as well as providing recreational opportunities such as watching, water fowl hunting, and canoeing. -,-:reline Erosion Fourth and Fifth Districts have a serious problem of shoreline erosion. i,.ryland Department of Natural Resources states that there are 10 factors "100-year" storm ,,ated to the shore erosion: terrain, soils, tide, 3,rge, littoral drift rate, length of reach, shoreline normal direction, -esence o f s 4orel i ne str uctures , and water and sewer devel opment. The -!,e of erosion is due to the presence or absence of a beach and the offshore -e envi ronment. The Department has identified those areas experiencing ehighest erosion rates are the shorelines around Love Point, Turkey ,-:nt and Kent Point ( Figure 10) . Out of the Di stricts' four types of ;,il associations, Keyport-Mattapex Association soils are found in those ,cations which are most susceptible to high wave action and as a result the highest soil erosion. 47 FIGURE 10 FOURTH AND FIFTH DISTRICTS OUEEN ANNES COUNTY H/M NORTH s L L A N L S m i IS S m S ::s S S i\ S, S m /S\ 1* fro 10, -S L L L Shoreline Erosion CODE' ERMIOX PATES S IST S @L >8 FEET/YEAR /H Pt 4-8 FEET/YEAR L 2-4 FEETjYEAR S 0-2 FEET/YEAR A ARTIFICIAL FIL 216W Ff", 4 0 10 Fop, I t i o Ina POPULATION terms of population, Queen Anne's County is one of the smallest in 0 w@ryl a@d In 1980 the County' s 25,508 persons comprised less than ne -2rcent of the State' s total From 1970 to 1980, the County experienced 38.5 percent increase in population, which was greater than Maryland's -)ta-1, average growth rate of 7.5 percent. The County s growth rate was ,onsiderably higher than it was for 1960 to 1970 (11.2 percent). :n1930, the residents of the two districts made up a third of the County's ,-,3pul at ion. In 1980, the Fourth and Fifth Districts of Queen Anne's County @ad over 50 percent of the County's population. As shown on Table 2 on -he following page, the Fourth District experienced 113 percent growth @ncrease between the years 1970 and 1980, with the Fifth District experiencing a,n increase of 21 percent. The accelerated growth increase for the two is due to the immigration of people from western shore areas jable 3) . The Districts' close proximity to the Bay Bridge as well as ,.heir miles of shorelines along the Chesapeake Bay makes the Fourth and ifth Districts very desirable as a place of residence. As of 1980, the 'otal number of persons for the Fourth and Fifth Districts was 12,890 3nd over 42 percent of them moved into the Districts from' other counties ;n Maryland or from other states. TABLE 3 PLACE OF RESIDENCE FOURTH AND FIFTH DISTRICTS - N ANNE_'S COUNTY Fourth Fifth subtotal Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent u e-e n- -An-n -e- -s- @Ounty -Same House 3,215 43% 2,483 56% 5,698 48% - Different 538 7 654 15 1,192 10 House Other Counties 3,217 43 1,121 25 4,338 36 within State Of Maryl and @Ifferent States 545 7 132 4 677 6 A IJ @RC E@US .@CENS@USBU@REAU@@@ 49 7MA? POPULATION TRENDS FOURTH AND FIFTH DISTRICTS QUEEN ANNE'S COUNTY 1930 - 1980 YEAR FOURTH FIFTH SUBTOTAL QUEEN ANNE'S PERCENT OF DISTRICT DISTRICT COUNTY COUNTY 1930 2,196 2,592 4,788 14,571 33% 1940 2,094 2,813 4,907 14,476 34% POPULATION CHANGE -102 221 PERCENT CHANGE -4.6% 8.5% 1950 2,205 3,095 5,300 14,579 36% POPULATION CHANGE ill 282 PERCENT CHANGE 5.3% 10.0% 1960 3,114 3,375 6,489 16,569 39% POPULATION CHANGE 909 280 PERCENT CHANGE 41.2% 9.0% 1970 3,832 3,896 7,728 18,422 42% POPULATION CHANGE 718 521 PERCENT CHANGE 23.1% 15.4% 1980 8,177 4,713 12,890 25,508 51% POPULATION CHANGE 4,345 817 PERCENT CHANGE 113% 21% SOURCE: U.S. CENSUS BUREAU 77 pulation densities for the two districts have also increased during jod 1930 to 1980. In 1980 the densities for the Fourth and Fifth r _i,ts were respectively 244.8 and 91.7 persons per square mile. Both densities were considerably higher than they were for 1970 (Fourth L 3and Fifth - 74.8). The two districts were considerably greater he density for Queen Anne's County (1970 - 49.1 and 1980 - 68.4). the i ncrease i n popul ati on the n umber of househol ds wi I I ri se taster. The size of households are due to a declining number of -s, a high rate of divorce, later marriages, a higher number of single- households, and a greater number of elderly households living indepen- In 1960 and 1970% the average household size was 3.36 and 3.12 :-S)ns per household respectively. This is considerably higher than 8 persons per household in 1980. Fourth and Fi fth Districts had an accumulation of 4,539 households @980, with an average of 2.85 persons per household. The racial compo- '.,On for the two districts has al so been changing. In 1970% 74.6 percent i4, he people I iving in Queen Anne' s County were white and 24.4 percent bl ack . Fifteen persons of other races were also residing in the -Y. In 1980, whi t e and bl ack popul at i on rat i o changed , the whites -.-,ri si ng 83 percent and the bl ack s decl i ni ng to 16 percent . Whites -!:.2 U p 92 percent of the population in the Fourth District. But the .-^:entage was lower for whites in the Fifth District (73 percent). Also, Dersons of Spanish origi n and 48 persons of other races resided in -Fourth and Fifth Districts. Table 4 compares the racial composition -ne two districts with the County. Forty-five percent of the County's PoPul ation resided in the Fourth and Fifth Districts, compared to @rcent of the County's white population (Table 5). 51 TABLE 4 POPULATION AND RACE QUEEN ANNE'S COUNTY FOURTH AND FIFTH DISTRICTS 'S FOURTH DISTRICT FIFTH DISTRICT QUEEN ANNE COUNTY ?70 3,832 3,896 18,422 8,177 4,713 25,508 ?30 38.5 'ercent Change 113.4 21.0 D70 -1980 @ite 7,507 3,481 21,278 4,080 -I ack 633 1,221 '-ierican Indian 3 3 1 5 -s'<imo, and '.i eut tsian and 26 4 42 @cific Islander her 8 4 92 Spanish 39 34 227 -igin SOURCE: U.S. CENSUS BUREAU 52 TABLE 5 POPULATION AND RACE FOURTH AND FIFTH DISTRICTS E'S COUNTY QUEEN ANN j 1980 FOURTH FIFTH QUEEN ANNE'S DISTRICT DISTRICT COUNTY -.-,I Persons 8,177 4,713 25,508 nt of Total 32.1% 18.5% 100% 1,j-,lber of Households 2,852 1,687 8,881 -ersons per Household 2.9 2.8 2.8 -;,e Persons 7,507 3,481 21,278 ,,ercent of Total 35.3% 16.3% 100% Number of Households 2,613 1,277 7,528 persons per Household 2.9 2.7 2.8 3ck Persons 633 1,221 4,080 ?ercent of Total 15.5% 30.0% 100% Number of Households 222 400 1,292 N ?ersons per Household 2.8 3.1 3.1 nish Origin Persons* 39 34 227 ercent of Total 17.2% 15.0% 100% Number of Households 17 10 61 ?ersons Per Household 2.3 2.3 3.5 *?ersons of Spanish origin may be of any race. N SOURCE: U.S. CENSUS BUREAU 'Q.e and Sex Queen Anne's County has a much older population than the rest of Maryl and. Ti)e median age has gradually been increasing for the County Population. 1960 the median age was 30.8, whereas it increased to 31.6 in 1970 and 32.4 in 1980. The Fourth and Fifth Districts have comparable median dges being 32.1 and 34.7 respectively (Tables 6 and 7). The number of Persons bel ow the age of 18 made up 27.3 percent of the population of Anne's County. This is similar to the ercentage found in the Fourth p 53 lifth Districts (28 percent and 26.9 percent respectively). In the y,of persons 65 and older, Queen Anne's County had 12.1 percent, as similar to the Fourth and Fifth Districts' percentages (10 percent W 12.6 percent respectively). Males and females are proportionally n percentage make-up in the Fourth and Fifth Districts. TABLE 6 POPULATION CHARACTERISTICS FOURTH AND FIFTH DISTRICTS QUEEN ANNE'S COUNTY 1980 QUEEN ANNE'S FOURTH FIFTH COUNTY DISTRICT DISTRICT 25,508 8,177 4,713 1 e 12,561 4,065 2,340 4F Percent 49.2% 49.7% 49.7% le 12.947 4,112 2,373 rcent 50.8% 50.3% 50.3% r 18 6,969 2,290 1,265 s Percent 27.3% 28.0% 26.9% 45 Years 3,083 821 596 @@,id Over Percent 12.1% 10.0% 12.6% '@edian Age 32.4 32.1 34.7 :n Group 339 2 ---- Quarters SOURCE: U.S. CENSUS BUREAU 54 * I AM-1 I LAFION BY AGE FOURTH AND FIFTH DISTRICTS QUEEN ANNE'S COUNTY 1970 AND 1980 FOURTH DISTRICT FIFTH DISTRICT 1970 1980 1970 1980 Age Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Under 5 279 7.3% 613 7.5% 294 7.5% 279 5.9% 5 9 372 9.7 627 7.7 382 9.8 284 6.0 10 14 380 9.9 647 7.9 386 9.9 380 8.1 15 19 327 8.5 620 7.6 359 9.2 473 10.0 20 24 222 5.8 534 6.5 238 6.1 357 7.6 25 34 408 10.6 1,505 18.4 435 11.2 600 12.7 35 44 461 12.0 994 12.2 447 11.5 583 12.4 45 54 494 12.9 893 10.9 497 12.8 584 12.4 55 64 409 10.7 923 11.3 434 11.1 577 12.2 65 74 326 8.5 527 6.4 279 7.2 403 8.6 75 + 154 4.0 294 3.6 145 3.7 193 4.1 Total 3,832 8,177 3,896 4,713 SOURCE: U.S. CENSUS BUREAU -,e median income for Queen Anne's County has increased steadily for the ..@st thi rty years (Table 8). The median income for the Fifth District ;S comparable with the County's, whereas the Fourth District residents' i2dian income is approximately 18 percent higher. Both districts have i higher percent of families with incomes of $25,000 or more as compared 0ith the rest of the County (Table 9) . ip Ad 10 56 TABLE 8 FAMILY INCOME QUEEN ANNE'S COUNTY 1950 - 1980 Income 1950 1960 1970 1980 Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Less than $2,500 2,308 72.1% 1,473 35.8% 708 15% 130 2% $2,500 to $4,999 505 15.2% 1,185 28.8% 594 12.6% 258 4% $5,000 to $7,499 150 4.5% 700 17.1% 1,419 29.9% 489 7% $2,500 to $9,999 40 1.2% 462 11.2% 287 6.1% 562 8% $10,000 to $14,999 55* 1.7% 189 4.6% 990 20.9% 1,093 15% $15,000 to $24,999 70 1.7% 565 11.9% 2,259 32% $25,000 to $49,999 32** .8% 154 3.2% 1,910 27% $50,000 or more 20 .4% 354 5% Medium Income $11642 $3,906 $8,210 $19,511 The income category of $10,000 to $14,999 includes all incomes of $10,000 and above. The income category of $25,000 to $49,999 includes all incomes of $25,000 and above. SOURCE: U.S. CENSUS BUREAU ---------- Lc FAMILIES BY INCOME FOURTH AND FIFTH DISTRICTS QUEEN ANNE'S COUNTY 1980 FOURTH FIFTH SUBTOTAL COUNTY DISTRICT DISTRICT NUMBER PERCENT NUMBER PERCENT Less Than $2,500 29 32 61 2% 130 2% $2,500 to $4,999 71 58 129 3 258 4 $5,000 to $7,499 87 98 185 5 489 7 $7,500 to $9,999 Ill 91 202 5 562 8 $10,000 to $14,999 303 212 515 14 1,093 15 $15,000 to $24,999 745 405 1,150 31 2,259 32 $25,000 to $49,999 851 362 1,213 33 1,910 27 $50,000 or more 179 77 256 7 354 5 Median $23,054 $19,988 $19,511 Mean $26,450 $22,621 $22,163 SOURCE: U.S. CENSUS BUREAU A&WIMMM -'%W ""'AiiA 1V 5V ir lk@ jvA flip Id, Ii dl;@ 4,;ii C AS& m I ff 42 16 Deveiw ment ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT i nd ust ry i s pl ayi ng a greater rol e i n the Fourth and Fi fth Di stricts' @nomy - Serv i ces wh i c h i ncl ud e bus i ness , re pai r, per sonal , entertai nment -e-reational , and professional make up nearly a quarter of the Districts' @D S (Tabl e 10) The Districts' locational and environmental attributes .,nance the economic opportunities in the service industry - especially tourism. After examining the Districts' employment for the last 30 @ars, one notes the gradual diversification of the Districts' economic -2se. The service sector is slowly becoming the major employer, outdistancing -ne once dominative seafood harvesting industry (Table 11). @nother interesting observation reveals that over 59 percent of the Fourth @nd Fifth Districts' residents commute to work outside Queen Anne's County "Table 12). This is probably due to the Districts' close proximity to @reater job opportunities on the western shore. :'OEven though it has declined in dominance, seafood harvesting is still an important occupation in the Fourth and Fifth Districts and deserves SoTe discussion. Pollution of the Chesapeake Bay has been one of the reasons for the decline in the seafood harvesting industry. Multi-state efforts are underway to clean up the Chesapeake Bay which would result in the benefit of a larger seafood output. Within the districts the processing plants, with approximately 400 employees, prepare and package the seafood harvest The packaged meat is then shipped to major cities of the eastern United States. 59 I I I P-tA I i i) QUEEN ANNE'S COUNTY 1980 Industry Fourth District Fifth District Subtotal Queen Anne's County Percent Number Number Number of Total Number Percent Agriculture,.Forestry, 168 234 402 6.8 1,059 9.4 Fisheries, Mining Construction 530 274 804 13.6 1,325 11.8 Manufacturing Non-Durable Goods 124 120 244 4.1 756 6.7 Durable Goods 207 72 279 4.7 734 6.5 Trans., Comm., & 277 100 377 6.4 717 6.4 Utilities Wholesale Trade 193 196 389 6.6 639 5.7 Retail Trade 662 388 1,050 17.8 1,707 15.2 Finance, Insurance 197 106 303 5.1 479 4.3 & Real Estate Services Professional Services* 908 416 1,324 22.4 2,685 23.9 Public Administration 493 249 742 12.5 1,129 10.1 Total 5,914 100 11,230 100 Professional services include Business and Repair Services, Personal, Entertainment.and Recreation Services, and Professional and Related Services SOURCE: U.S. CENSUS BUREAU oil ESTIMATED NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES, BY INDUSTRY QUEEN ANNE'S COUNTY' Type df 1950 1960 1970 1980 Industry Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Agriculture, 2,248 42.3% 1,769 27.3% 1,011 13.7% 1,059 9.4% Fishing, Forestry & Mining Construction 510 9.6 564 8.7 819 11.1 1,325 11.8 Manufacturing 436 8.2 1,005 15.5 1,468 19.9 1,490 13.3 Transportation, 330 6.2 169 2.6 192 2.6 717 6.4 Communications & Utilities Wholesale Trade 255 4.8 123 1.9 236 3.2 640 5.7 Retail Trade 542 10.2 966 14.9 1,202 16.3 1,707 15.2 Professional 643 12.1 1,076 16.6 1,542 20.9 3,151 28.1 Services Public 351 6.6 810 12.5 907 12.3 1,129 10.1 Administration Total 5,315 6,481 7,378 11,230 SOURCE: U.S. CENSUS BUREAU TABLE 12 PLACE OF WORK FOURTH AND FIFTH DISTRICTS QUEEN ANNE'S COUNTY 1980 PLACE FOURTH FIFTH SUBTOTAL QUEEN ANNE'S COUNTY Number Number Number Percent Number Percent Worked in Queen 932 894 1826 32.5 4469 40.4 Anne's County Worked Outside of 2258 837 3095 55.1 4894 44.2 Queen Anne's County Worked Outside of 181 43 224 4.0 642 5.8 Maryland Not Reported 362 107 469 8.3 1060 9.6 Total 5614 11065 SOURCE: U.S. CENSUS BUREAU The variety of the residents' employment and the assurgent prominence )f the @ervice sector are displayed on Table 13 on the following page. @.s previously reported in the 1980 Census, the annual median family income or the Fourth and Fifth Districts were $23,054 and $19,988, higher than Queen Anne's County ($19,511) but below the State of Maryland ($23,112). over 40 percent of the Districts' households had incomes of $25,000 or d to the State's 38 percent. ,over as compare ma n po we r Employment in Queen Anne's County has shown some fluctuation since 1960, although there have not been the dramatic highs and lows characteristic of the economic cycle in other areas. Table 14 notes the rate of employment trends for Queen Anne's County. TABLE 14 LABOR FORCE QUEEN ANNE'S COUNTY 1930 - 1980 YEAR TOTAL FEMALE MALE Total Employed Unemployed Total Employed Lin empl oyed 1930 5,524 4,825 699 1940 5,870 4,926 044 1950 5,513 4,445 1,068 1960 7,004 4,733 4,368 353 2,271 2,119 158 1970 7,715 4,876 4,682 194 2,839 2,696 143 1980 12,000 7,133 6,702 431 4,867 4,529 338 SOURCE: U.S. CENSUS BUREAU As with other areas , women are playing a larger role in the labor force nQueen Anne' s County. In 1930, women made up 12.7 percent of the labor "rce, whereas 40.6 percent of the labor force in 1980 were women (Table 63 TABLE 13 EMPLOYED PERSONS BY OCCUPATION FOURTH AND FIFTH DISTRICTS QUEEN ANNE'S COUNTY 1980 FOURTH FIFTH SUBTOTAL QUEEN ANNE'S COUNTY'- Occupation Number Percent Number Percent of Total of Total Managerial and Professional 904 355 1,259 21.3 2,202 19.6 Specialty Technical, Sales, Administra- 1,160 585 1,745 29.6 2,929 26.1 tive Support Service 435 315 750 12.7 1,398 12.4 Farming, Forestry and 149 232 381 6.4 947 8.4 Fishing Precision Production, Craft 576 295 871 14.7 1,633 14.5 and Repair Operators, Fabricators and 535 371 906 15.3 2,122 18.9 Laborers Total 5,912 100 11,231 100 SOURCE: U.S. CENSUS BUREAU TABLE 15 LABOR FORCE PERCENT QUEEN ANNE'S COUNTY 1930 - 1980 YEAR MALE FEMALE 1930 87.3% 12.7% 1940 83.9 16.1 1950 80.6 19.4 1960 67.6 32.4 1970 63.2 36.8 1980 59.4 40.6 SOURCE: U.S. CENSUS BUREAU This is also true for the Fourth and Fifth Districts, with women comprising over 40 percent of the Districts' labor force. Table 16 shows the racial and sexual composition of the Fourth and Fifth Districts. In 1980, the unemployment rate for the non-whites was much higher than it was for the white population. The level of education of the labor force is an important consideration for prospective businesses and industries. Over a third of the Districts' residents 25 years and older had a high school diploma and another quarter of the Districts' population had either a college degree or some years of college education, which is similar to the County's education levels. But there was despairing difference between the education level of whites and blacks. In 1980, 43 percent of blacks aged 25 and above residing in the Fourth and Fifth Districts had less than an eighth grade education -o 14.3 of the white residents (Table 17). level as compared 4-1 Labor force partic ipation rates (LFPR's) measure the percentage of people aged 16 and over in the labor force; that is, either employed or seeking employment. The labor force participation rate for Queen Anne's County has risen from 54 percent in 1930 to 76 percent in 1980. It will continue 65 LA 0 1 OR FOURTH AND FIFTH DISTRICTS QUEEN ANNE'S COUNTY FOURTH FIFTH SUBTOTAL Male Female Male Female Male Female Unem- Unem- ployment ploymeht Rate Rate Total Labor Force Armed Forces 13 13 Civilian Labor Force Employed 2,277 1,483 1,291 863 3,568 2,346 Unemployed 99 93 89 67 188 5% 160 6.4% Not in the Labor Force 615 1,616 414 877 1,029 2,493 White Labor Force Armed Forces 13 13 C'ivilian Labor Force Employed 2,079 1,372 1,033 617 3,112 1,989 Unemployed 65 79 40 42 105 3.3% 121 5.7% Not in the Labor Force 574 1,460 347 668 921 2,128 Black Labor Force Armed Forces Civilian Labor Force Employed 198 90 258 246 456 336 Unemployed 34 14 49 25 83 15.4% 39 10.4% Not in the Labor Force 41 156 67 209 108 365 Spanish Origin Labor Force Armed Forces Civilian Labor Force Employed 7 7 7 7 Unemployed 6 6 46.1% Not in the Labor Force 7 4 7 4 SOURCE: U.S. CENSUS BUREAU TABLE 17 PERSONS 25 YEARS OLD AND OVER BY YEARS OF SCHOOL COMPLETED FOURTH AND FIFTH DISTRICTS QUEEN ANNE'S COUNTY County Fourth Fifth Total Subtotal District District Number Percent Number Percent TOTAL 15,745 100% 8,092 100% 5,212 2,311 Elementary (0 to 8 Grades) 3,557 22.6 1,478 18.3 747 731 High School I to 3 Years 3,425 21.8 1,765 21.8 1,119 646 4 Years 4,990 31.7 2,865 35.4 1,931 934 College 1 to 3 Years 1,820 11.6 986 12.2 707 279 4 Years or More 1,953 12.4 998 12.3 708 290 WHITE 13,300 100 6,979 100 Elementary (0 to 8 Grades) 2,484 18.7 1,000 14.3 549 451 High School 1 to 3 Years 2,779 20.9 1,447 20.7 973 474 4 Years 4,471 33.6 2,672 38.3 1,874 798 College 1 to 3 Years 1,694 12.7 923 13.3 686 237 4 Years or More 1,872 14.1 937 13.4 673 264 BLACK 2,400 100 1,093 100 Elementary (0 to 8 Grades) 1,056 44.0 472 43.0 192 280 High School 1 to 3 Years 641 26.7 318 29.0 146 172 4 Years 505 21.0 185 17.0 49 136 College I to 3 Years 117 4.9 57 5.0 15 42 4 Years or More 81 3.4 61 6.0 35 26 SOURCE: U.S. CENSUS BUREAU rise as more women enter the labor force. The Fourth and Fifth Districts' -,PR in 1980 was 64 percent and increases are projected similar to those ;)r Queen Anne's County. _,,iparison of the types of jobs by the Fourth and Fifth Districts' residents - those held by the State of Maryland and the nation as a whole showed nat the workers in retail trade play a relatively larger role in local economy than they do in the county, state or nation (Table 18). This is @robably due to the Districts' unique position as the "gateway" to the eastern shore recreation areas. Retail and wholesale trade and service )riented employment will continue to increase and will probably play a @arger role in the Districts' economy. varket Analysis The Fourth and Fifth Districts of Queen Anne's County represent the entrance lo the Eastern Shore to millions of people from major metropolitan areas Washington D.C. and Baltimore. Their strategic location on U.S. Routes 50 and 301 provides excellent access to major markets: Wash i ngton , D.C. , 3altimore, and Philadelphia. Over 10 million people are within one and a half hours' driving to the Fourth and Fifth Districts. Given their strategic location, the Districts have two economic roles: local and regional . The local economic role is that of an employment and retail center. The Districts' employers provide jobs not only for their residents but also for persons throughout the county. Similarly, the Districts' specialty shops offer merchandise not usually available 1.n the smaller towns within Queen Anne's County as well as some of the larger ones outside of the county. In deciding the location of industrial developments, one must consider the national and regional markets and proximity to materials sources and components suppl iers. Industrial development requires large, flat or nearly fl at sites with soil s having good load-bearing capacities. Rail service i.s a definite advantage. Good truck access to one or more highways 68 E EMPLOYMENT BY OCCUPATION 1980 Industry Fourth and Queen Anne's State of United Fifth Districts County Maryland States Percent Percent Percent Percent Agriculture, Forestry, 6% 9.4% 1.7% 2% Fisheries, & Mining Construction Manufacturing 12 11'.8 6.6 6 Transportation, Communication 8 13.3 14.4 26 & Other Public Utilities Trade 22 20.9 18.8 25 Finance, Insurance & 5 4.3 5.9 7 Real Estate Business & Repair Services 4 3.7 4.9 5 Personal Entertainment & 3 3.8 3.7 4 Recreational Services Professional and Related 13 16.4 22.3 14 Services Public Administration 12 10.0 14.4 7 SOURCE: U.S. CENSUS BUREAU erial streets i s critical as well as the availability of energy s In-dustrial sites should be away from existing and potentially ilable residential areas or other land uses on which they might have it A. "dverse impact. Traffic, noise, and visual impacts are inevitable. Anne s County operates and maintains the sanitary sewer system in Fourth District. Three industrial zoned parcels are connected to wastewater treatment facility. (Old Love Point Road, Love Point Road, Old Rt. 18 & Castle Marina Road). Fuel oil is available from private V-stributors under contractual arrangements. :@jcation from preschool to post-graduate levels is available to the districts' ,esidents. The County has both public and private schools offering elementary !-,d secondary education. The County also provides post-secondary technical @-J vocational training. While Chesapeake College offers two year Associate it Art degrees in a variety of subjects, there are 71 accredited institutions -f higher education within commuting distance in the Baltimore-Washington of the 1066 acres zoned as i ndustri al i n the Fourth and Fi fth Di stricts, -91), 147 ac res In av e been d ev el oped i nto ei ther I ight i ndustri al , and 856 3cres are either vacant or used for agricultural purposes (Table 19). i 9 u re 11 show's the location of large industrial zoned properties in the .0urth and Fifth Districts. The Fourth and Fi f th Di st ri cts' reg i onal rol e come s about as a resul t of thei ir I ocati on to the Eastern Shore and Chesapeake Bay. As previously 71entioned, hundreds of thousands of tourists travel through the ti,%o districts On their way to the Eastern Shore. Tourism is an untapped fiscal resource which, if marketed correctly, could become a substantial economic base fOr the Fourth and Fifth Districts. Besides providing hundreds of service oriented jobs to the residents, tourism could generate millions of dollars in. sales tax revenues for Queen Anne's County. 70 TABLE 19 INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY FOURTH AND FIFTH DISTRICTS QUEEN ANNE'S COUNTY Total Developed Vacant or Zoning Public Railroad MAJOR Acreage Acres Agricultural Water & Access Acres Sewer Avail ability FOURTH DISTRICT Between Old Love Point Rd. 52 9 43 M-1 No No and Love Point Rd. light mfg. West of New Love Point Rd. 159 159 M-2 No No Southwest of the Intersection 120 45 75 M-1 No No of Rt. 8 and U.S. 50/301 Northwest of Old Rt. 18 and 63 63 M-1 No No Castle Marina Rd. Southeast of Dominion Road 17 17 M-2 No No and Little Creek Maritime FIFTH DISTRICT Southwest of U.S. 50/301 and 106 106 M-1 No No North of Old Stevensville Queenstown Road Southeast of U.S. 50/301 and 100 18 82 m-2 No No West of Green Spring Road Northeast of Joseph Boyles 105 39 66 M-2 No No and Queenstown-Centreville Road Northwest of U.S. 50 and 110 7 103 M-2 No No Bloomingdale Road TOTAL 832 135 697 S( !en Anne's County Planning Dept. FIGURE I I FOURTH AND FIFTH DISTRICTS. OUEEN ANNES COUNTY NORTH 2 T J 7, INDUSTRIAL ZONED PROPERTIES. 0 540Ly- 1080d 2160T Ieing,the District's biggest asset; the Chesapeake Bay needs to be promoted. Areas adjacent to the Bay should be preserved for passive recreation and 3quatic sports. Additional motels with convention facilities and specialty shops are needed to attract the tourist off of the highways, encouraging them to spend some of their time and money in the Districts. with the scheduled clean-up of the Chesapeake Bay, seafood harvesting and processing should again play a larger employment role within the Dis- tricts The harvesting and processing could also be marketed as a tourist attraction with tours through the processing operations, fisherman wharfs and seafood markets. 73 bUlAam-now ji HOUSING n 1980, there were 10,030 housing units in Queen Anne's County. Together, he Fourth and Fifth Districts had 5,269 housing units or 52.5 percent )f the County's housing. Sixty-eight percent of all new housing (2,166 i s) occurred in the Fourth and Fifth Districts between 1970 and 1980. t ne Fourth District had almost a 100 percent increase in the number of 'ousing units between 1970 and 1980. The Fifth District as wel I as the ounty at large only had modest increases. The year-round housing units -ade up a large percentage of the housing stock (97.2 percent for the .0urth District and 95.5 percent for the Fifth District). Even though 1 -3.3 percent of all of the seasonal homes in the county were in the Fourth I -d Fifth Districts, seasonal housing units only comprised a small percentage :f the housing stock in the Fourth and Fifth Districts -- 2.8 percent I -.-,d 4.5 percent respectively (Table 20). overwhelming majority (89 percent) of the housing in the Fourth and -"th Districts are single family detached units. Table 21 correlates --e housing type with the occupancy. 74 TABLE 20 HOUSING FOURTH AND FIFTH DISTRICTS QUEEN ANNE'S COUNTY 1970 - 1980 TOTAL NUMBER OF PERCENT TOTAL YEAR-ROUND PERCENT TOTAL SEASONAL PERCENT HOUSING UNITS CHANGE HOUSING UNITS CHANGE HOUSING UNITS CHANGE 1970 1980 1970-1980 1970 1980 1970-1980 1970 1980 1970-1980 QUEEN ANNE'S 6,841 10,030 46.6% 6,549 9,720 48.4% 292 310 6.1% COUNTY FOURTH DISTRICT 1,666 3,308 98.6% 1,454 3,216 121.2 195 92 -52.8 FIFTH DISTRICT 1,437 1,961 36.5% 1,402 1,872 33.5 28 89 217.9 SOURCE: U.S. CENSUS BUREAU TABLE 21 HOUSING TYPE FOURTH AND FIFTH DISTRICTS QUEEN ANNE'S COUNTY 1980 ing Units Fourth Fifth Subtotal -jus District District Number Percent 4 j L: a One, Detached 3,015 1,551 4,566 89% One, Attached 54 45 99 2 Two 51 58 109 2 Three & Four 68 27 95 2 Five or More 27 67 94 2 @Iobile Home & 46 108 154 3 Trailer 'wner Occupied One, Detached 2,707 1,426 4,133 91% One, Attached 39 31 70 2 Two 29 45 74 2 Three & Four 68 19 87 2 Five or More 15 44 59 1 Mobile Home & 34 101 135 3 Tra i I er : -er Occupied z-n4L, One, Detached 252 245 497 70% One, Attached 13 31 44 6 Two 9 35 44 6 Three & Four 55 12 67 9 Five or More 27 27 4 Mobile Home & 34 5 19 15 Tra il er -@Cant, Seasonal Jratory One, Detached 89 84 173 93% One, Attached -- -- -- -- Two -- -- Three and Four 6 6 3 .7ive or More 8 8 4 "10bile Home & -- -- -- Trailer U.S. CENSUS BUREAU 76 @n examining the occupancy of the districts' existing housing, there some interesting and somewhat disturbing observations. Owner occupied .1jsing makes the vast majority in both districts, and their make-up percent increased since 1970 (Table 22). TABLE 22 OCCUPANCY STATUS AND RENTER-OWNER OCCUPIED HOUSING UNITS 1970-1980 Fourth District Fifth District 1970 1980 1970 1980 -,Jtal Year-Round 1454 3216 1402 1872 @)using Units Owner Type* 976 2590 893 1333 Percent of Total 67.1% 80.5% 63.7% 71.2% Rental Type 286 346 374 434 Percent of Total 19.7% 10.7% 26.7% 23.2% -Nner Occupied Housng 955 2528 887 1299 Percent of Total 65.6% 78.6% 63.3% 69.4% 'Vacant-For-Sal e Units 21 62 6 34 Percent of Total 1.4% 2.0% .4% 1.8% @,enter Occupied Housing 273 314 363 380 Percent of Total 18.8% 9.8% 25.9% 20.3% I Vacant-For-Rent Units 13 32 11 54 Percent of Total .9% .9% .8% 3.0% Does not include other vacant housing which is not for sale or rent. t Source U.S. Census Bureau The vacancy rate for owner occupied units has remained re latively low for both districts. The cost for housing has also increased dramatically since 1970, with the average cost for a housing unit being about $17,.643. In 1980, the 77 age, cost for a housing unit was approximately $67,800. There was an increase in rent during the 10 year period, with the rent averaging a month in 1970 to $130.93-$214.97 a month in 1980 (Table Si nce 1980, the number of vacant rental units on a given day have -idled down to two or three units with the average rent ranging for family dwellings between $400 and $600. TABLE 23 MEAN VALUE AND CONTRACT RENT OF HOUSING UNITS FOURTH AND FIFTH DISTRICTS 1970-1980 Fourth District Fifth District 1970 1980 1970 1980 Occupied $17,673.82 $67,826.06 $12,546.51 $ 62,155.21 17,642.86 65,882.35 nt- fo r-Sal e 41 67 105,1 17,673.16 67,782.70 56.99 12@@_ _63,4 :-nter Occupied 73.20 214.28 48.70 130.96 .,,cant- for-Rent 55.38 220.06 42.50 130.79 72.01 214.97 48.44 130.93 ),3urce: U.S. Census Bureau Residential development has continued to flourish since 1980. Figure -e shows the location of the developments. Between 1980 and 1983, there -,ere 292 subdivision lots approved and 486 building permits taken out. aLble 24 shows the residential building activity since 1975 and the cost new housing construction. 78 FIGURE 12 FOURTH AND FIFTH DISTRICTS QUEEN ANNES COUN'TY ....... .... . ............ Y' --loo HOUSING DEVELOPMENTS TOM OR SUBDIVISIOKS aEFORE 1947 1947-1961 1962-1974 1975-1>RESENT 0 5,40C' 10800' 2160(r hill- TABLE 24 BUILDING ACTIVITY FOURTH AND FIFTH DISTRICTS QUEEN ANNE'S COUNTY SUBDIVISION BUILDING AVERAGE PERCENT APPROVED NUMBER PERMITS BUILDING DIFFERENCE OF NEW LOTS COST F R 0 M PREVIOUS YEAR 25 194 $32,463 -76 101 302 37,085 14.24% .'77 380 329 44,091 18.89 ..?78 103 292 48,699 10.45 2.67 .979 147 236 49,999 117 150 61,608 23.22 981 73 114 73,159 18.75 ' .382 40 104 62,876 14.06 )83 62 118 68,105 8.32 -DTAL 1,048 1,839 @'3URCE: QUEEN ANNE'S COUNTY PLANNING AND BUILDING DEPARTMENT 1@v er 16 pe rcent o f the hous i ng i n the Fo urth and Fi f th Di st r i cts wa s bui 1 t 1939 or earlier. Tab I e 25 del i neates the ye a r i n whi ch the housi ng 13s built. Another observation is that the number of rental housing has :e-'Iined proportionally with new housing construction (Table 26). 80 TAB LE 25 YEAR STRUCTURE BUILT FOURTH AND FIFTH DISTRICTS QUEEN ANNE'S COUNTY FOURTH FIFTH SUBTOTAL DISTRICT DISTRICT NUMBER PERCENT 9 to March 1980 301 50 351 6.9 @75 t 0 897 284 1,181 23.1 1978 @70 to 1974 523 248 771 15.0 559 299 858 16.8 .@60 to 1969 5o to 1959 450 250 700 13.7 @40 to 1949 173 259 432 8.4 @339 or earlier 358 466 824 16.1 er Occupied 9 7 9to March 1980 226 38 264 '975 to 1978 853 247 1,100 !970 to 1974 457 233 690 i960 to 1969 511 293 804 i950 to 1959 391 212 603 11940 to 1949 155 238 393 1939 or earlier 299 405 704 --nter Occupied 1979 to March 1980 19 -- 19 1975 to 1978 30 13 43 1970 to 1974 29 34 63 1960 to 1969 69 45 114 1950 to 1959 65 60 125 1940 to 1949 52 71 123 1939 or earlier 84 142 226 Source U.S. Census Bureau 81 TABLE 26 RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENT BY OCCUPANCY FOURTH AND FIFTH DISTRICTS QUEEN ANNE'S COUNTY OWNER RENTAL NUMBER PERCENT NUMBER PERCENT TO March 1980 264 93.3% 19 6.7% '5 to 1978 43 3.8 1,100 96.2 .--J to 1974 8.4 690 91.6 63 i to 1969 87.6 114 12.4 840 5o to 1959 603 32.8 125 17.2 -lo to 1949 393 76.2 123 23.8 .@39 or Earlier 704 75.7 226 24.3 ),'JRCE: U.S. CENSUS BUREAU -,@enty-four percent of the housing is over 40 years old, indicating that -3intenance and rehabilitation are very important if the districts are -o have a sufficient supply of adequate housing. A wind shield survey -3ken in the spring of 1984 revealed that there are 119 housing which aJ the exterior apparance of being substandard. The criteria included -,ems needing major repair, such as sagging porches and roofs and crumbling foundations, or demolishment. Excluding the area within Queenstown juris- @-iction, Table 27 and Figure 13 identify the number and concentration 3f the substandard housing. TABLE 27 HOUSING CONDITION FOURTH AND FIFTH DISTRICTS1 QUEEN ANNE'S COUNTY Fourth District Fifth District Number Percent Number Percent Sound 2828 98.9 1468 94.4 Substandard2 32 1.1 87 5.6 Total 2860 100 1555 100 E@xcud-in@--Qu-eenstown 2 Substandard housing -- needing major repair (sagging roof and porch and crumbling foundation, or demolition) Source: Greenhorne & O'Mara, Inc., Spring 1984 82 FIGURE 13 FOURTH AND FIFTH DISTRICTS QUEEN ANNES COUNTY NORTH .......... -..,Joe 7 CONCENTRATION OF SUBSTANDARD HOUSING SOURCE: G&O WINDSHIELD SURVEY-APRIL 1984 0 540(f 10800' 216W jith high concentrations of substandard housing were in the Grasonville ercent of the owner occupied housing units in the Fourth .-four p lacking complete plumbing. This is _;,ct were comparable to the 19 found in the Fifth District (Table 28). TABLE 28 LACKING COMPLETE PLUMBING FACILITIES Fourth District Fifth District 1970 1980 Percent 1970 1980 Percent Change Change .-pied Units 274 129 -52.9% 286 163 -43.0% owner Occupied 163 72 -55.8 136 38 -57.4 Renter Occupied ill 57 -48.6 150 105 -30.0 @:ant Units 64 49 -23.4 37 50 35.1 :-a] Year-Round Units 338 178 -47.3 323 213 -34.1 ,rce: U.S. Census Bureau ie Fourth District comprised 17.1 percent of the total rental occupied I -)using in Queen Anne's Count , whereas the Fifth District had 20.7 percent y :f the rental occupied housing. Of the occupied rental housing, 16.2 'ercent of the Fourth District's rental units were lacking complete plumbing, @,hereas 30 percent of the Fifth District's rental housing was lacking in complete plumbing facilities. 84 5"o Irl P-0 cat i n Ian ort 9r TRANSPORTATION T -3jor element of the Districts' transportation system,is their streets hway s They form the framework on which the county has developed @11 develop in the future. Government funds are becoming more scarce ild new highways, and the emphasis should be to shift towards planning -vements to the existing system in order to full utilize it. Queen y county Public Works have divided the Districts' streets into seven :-ional classifications: principal arterial, minor arterial, primary .-,ctor, secondary collector, primary residential, secondary residential, rural residential . Each classification has specific traffic volume uesign characteristics. Table 29 delineates the traffic volumes and @n characteristics associated with each type of street. ying the street classification system may not meet all of the design ---@ria. However, the functional classification of the Districts' streets :.4n in Figure 14 provides guidance as to the type of future development its location. @:,q year the Maryland State Highway Administration collects information 'he location of traffic accidents (Tables 30 and 31). 85 4? Fit, I IZAI I I C Vol tj,ll DESIGN CHARACIERISi jc@, Street Right-of-Way Minimum Daily Land Use Classification Width Stopping Traffic Typically Distance Volumes Served Principal 72' 300' 7,500 - Commercial and Arterial 20,000 Industrial Minor 60' 300' 5,000 - Commercial and Arterial 15,000 Residential Primary 60' 275' 2,500 - Residential (Subdivision Collector 5,000 lots contain 20,000 ft. or less, or have 100 ft. or less street frontage) Secondary 60' 275' 1,000 - Residential (subdivision lots Collector 2,500 20,000 - 40,000 ft.) Primary 60' 200' under Residential (subdivision lots Residential 1,000 contain 20,000 ft. or less or have 100 ft. or less street frontage Secondary 50' 200' under Residential (subdivision lots Residential 1,000 contain 20,000 -40,000 ft.) Rural 50' 200' under Provides access to agri- Residential 1,000 cultural lands and woodlands Source: Queen Anne's County Subdivision Ordinance - 1981 - - ---------- RGURE 14 @k` FOURTH AND RFTH DISTRICTS QUEEN ANNES COUNTY NORTH ... ... .... 0 00 0 0 Wr o 0 0 - 4k 0- -0 -0 0 0 0 0 COUNTY FUNCTIONAL CLASSIFICAT10N OF STREETS Principal Arterial Kinor Arterial SOVOCF- OUEEM AMWS COLVWrY PtWUC VIOR" Primary Collector 0t**0*00**& Secondary Collec.tor 0 5400'. 10800' 21600' TABLE 30 HIGH ACCIDENT INTERSECTIONS FOURTH AND FIFTH DISTRICTS QUEEN ANNE'S COUNTY Intersection 1979 1980 1981 Total te 49 Marina US 50 & MD 18B 27 17 5 Station US 50 & MD 552 15 10 0 34 (s)n Creek Rd US 50 & MD 18F 10 4 14 Ave. US 50 & CO 466 9 3 7 15 Marina US 50 & MD 18C 8 3 7 18 "'e. US 50 & CO 406 6 4 10 -;j ng Center US 50 5 5 _,--son Creek US 50 5 4 8 17 Ave. US 50 3 3 Rd US 50 3 3 veck Rd . MD 18B & US 50 3 3 th Zaidee Lane 1 1 !:(son Creek #2 US 50 3 3 ..1y Narrow US 50 & MD 18B 3 3 6 -e way MD 8 3 3 MD 18C 3 3 ,ett Point Rd. 3ntown Landing Rd. MD 18C 3 3 .@son Creek Ln. US 50 & MD 18F 6 6 @@:,rce: Maryland State Highway Administration, Bureau of Accident Studies 88 TABLE 31 HIGH ACCIDENTS AT STATE INTERSECTIONS FOURTH AND FIFTH DISTRICTS QUEEN ANNE'S COUNTY ,ersecti on 1979 1980 1981 Total 5o &MD 8 32 30 20 82 50 &MD 18B 27 17 44 5 o &MD 552 15 10 9 34 Do &MD 213+662 14 7 21 50 &Evans Ave. 9 9 -00 &MD 18C W. 8 8 50 &VFW Ave. 6 4 10 50 &MD 18C E. 5 5 -0 &Shop CTR Rd. 5 5 50 &Thompson Creek Rd. 5 4 8 17 50 &Jackson Creek Lane 3 3 18C & Bennett Point Rd. 3 3 8 & Irene Way 3 3 ..,,rce: Maryland State Highway Administration, Bureau of Accident Studies --in though the number of accidents has decreased since 1979, approximately percent of the County's accidents occur at major intersections in the ..urth and Fifth Districts. During the 1979-1981 period, the percent traffic accidents at state intersections within the two districts decreased :1-0m 71 percent in 1979 to 43 percent in 1981. con ibining this data with the reported traffic volumes, a traffic accident -te for major street intersections can be calculated. This rate is expressed accidents per million vehicles traveling past a given point. Tables and 33 show the intersections with the highest accident rates in 1979 I -,rough 1982. These locations are also shown on Figure 15. 89 FIGURE 15 FOURTH AND FIFTH DISTRICTS QUEEN ANNES COUNTY NORTH ... ... .... P-1 STREET INTERSECTIONS AND SEGNENTS, VATH HIGHEST AMDENT RATES. 0 1401 IG80[r 116W 4"qwl TABLE 32 HIGHEST ACCIDENT RATES STATE INTERSECTIONS FOURTH AND FIFTH DISTRICTS QUEEN ANNE'S COUNTY Accident Rate (Accidents/Million Vehicle Miles) t e rs e ct i o n 1979 1980 1981 50 & MD 8 2.62 2.28 1.62 50 & MD 18B 2.08 1.43 50 & MD 552 1.14 1.01 .88 s50 & MD 213+662 1.69 .86 S50 & Evans Ave. .98 S50 & MD 18C W. .86 S50 & VFW Ave. .65 .41 S50 & MD 18C E. 54 @S 50& Shop CTR Rd. :39 @S 50& Thompson Creek Rd. .35 .36 .70 -S 50& Jackson Creek Lane .36 wD 18C & Bennett Point Rd. 2.73 va 8 & Irene Way .99 4 O,jjrce: Maryland State Highway Administration, Bureau of Accident Studies j' 91 t TABLE 33 HIGHEST ACCIDENT RATES FOURTH AND FIFTH DISTRICTS QUEEN ANNE'S COUNTY -ad Intersection 1979 1980 1981 .@stle Marina US 50 & MD 18B 2.07 1.43 .41 r@ester Station US 50 & MD 552 1.13 1.00 .88 kson Creek Rd. US 50 & MD 18F 1.11 .36 .40 -vans Ave. US 50 & CO 466 .98 .33 .29 ).,,,qard Marina US 50 & MD 18C .86 .35 .68 -W Ave. US 50 & CO 406 .65 .41 @nopping Center US 50 .38 nompson Creek US 50 .35 .36 .70 Ave . US 50 .23 -ess Rd. US 50 .33 ox Neck Rd. MD 18B & US 50 3.73 nenowith Zaidee Lane 3.91 lackson Creek #2 US 50 )iney Narrow US 50 & MD 18B .30 .29 rene Way MD 8 99 Dennett Point Rd. MD 18C 2.73 3ryantown Landing Rd. MD 18C 4.82 lackson Creek Ln. US 50 & MD 18F .73 Source: Maryland State Highway Administration, Bureau of Accident Studies The exi sti ng traf f i c f I ow i s another f actor to take i nto account when 'onsidering future development. Transvers'ing through the Fourth and Fifth @Districts, U.S. 50 is the heaviest traveled street in the District. During 'he weekends of the vacation season (June through August), there is approx- imately twice as much traffic as there is during the week (Table 34). 92 TABLE 34 HIGHEST TRAFFIC FLOW U.S. 50/301 1982 Day of Average Number Percent of wnth Week of Vehicles Average Daily Traffic @nu a ry Friday 10,060 65.51% -,@ru a ry Friday 13,443 83.01 v3rch Friday 15,208 93.91 Friday 17,260 106.58 V@y Friday 22,088 136.39 ine Saturday 25,974 160.38 Saturday 32,056 197.94 luly `Jgust Saturday 30,709 189.62 September Friday 22,385 138.22 )ctober Friday 18,799 116.08 'iovember Friday 18,173 112.21 Jecember Friday 13,716 84.69 Source: 1982, Maryland Department of Transportation, State Highway Administration, Bureau of Traffic Engineering The State of Maryland's traffic priority system identifies a Primary System for important traffic routes with a maximum degree of access control. Routes 50/301 are classified as primary. The Secondary System is composed of state routes which serve intra-regional and localized traffic. The secondary system compliments Count highway systems providing feeder y and support function to the Primary System. For the Primary System, the State Highway Administration has several projects 93 :,eduled for the Fourth and Fifth Districts. The major one is to upgrade Csting U.S. 50/301 to a six lane highway from Cox Creek to MD 404. Existing @,2rage daily traffic volumes on U.S. Routes 50/301 for summer weekends ..'ge from 43,600 vehicles to 47,000 vehicles within the 7.25 miles of project. The existing accident rate is significantly higher than statewide average for all highways of similar design. Construction the project is anticipated to begin in fiscal year 1987. Ji ,,@other scheduled improvement is the construction of an interchange and i@ !4roach at MD 8 and U.S. 50/301. As previously stated, this area experiences @evere traffic congestion and safety problems because of vacationing traffic. ne construction of an interchange at the location will facilitate through -raffic movements and allow for adequate local circulation. Another project this area involves the upgrading of the existing U.S. 50/301 with a -,qo lane service road from MD 8 to Thompson Creek Road, which will help --irect traffic to a controlled intersection. The final project with the listrict's jurisdictions is construction of a two lane service road on he north side of U.S. 50/301, between Jackson Creek Lane and VFW Avenue. --igure 16 shows the primary and secondary highway scheduled improvements. Table 15identifies the scheduled improvements for the secondary system. lai I roads Penn Central Railroad once provided freight service to the Fourth and Fifth Districts. The railway was between Wye Mills and Queenstown. In '982 the railways were vacated and sold to Delmarva Power Company which later sold the land to the adjacent property owners. "Or Service The Fourth and Fifth Districts have only one active airfield: Bay Bridge Industrial It is a public airfield and has a 3,000 foot runway. The Fourth and Fi fth Districts are within easy access of the Baltimore/ '4ashington International Airport. The airport is located nine miles south OfBaltimore and provides both excellent passenger and air freight service. 94 FIGUREE 16 FOURTH AND FIFTH DISTRICTS QUEEN ANNES COUNTY Isl NORTH 10 A S4@ 2 MiEDULED HIGHWAY INTROVEMENTS .Of Primary System Secondary System 0 5400' 10811' 11611T TABLE 35 HIGHWAY NEEDS - SECONDARY SYSTEM FOURTH AND FIFTH DISTRICTS Route-Route Name -Length Improvement Type Limits (Miles) Need Cost (Dollars). MD 8 - Kent Point Rd. 2.3 service, Structure 2 lane reconstruct Wood Moor Rd. to MD 759C 1,500 MD 18 - Stevensville/Queenstown Rd. 2.1 Safety, Structure 2 lane reconstruct U.S. 50 East of Kent Island Narrows 1,600 to Bryanttown/Perrys Corner Road MD 18 - Queenstown Rd. 6.1 Structure 2 lane reconstruct U.S. 50 at Queenstown Interchange 4,200 to South Limits of Centreville MD 404 - Old Wye Mills/Easton Rd. 0.1 Service, Structure bridge reconstruct Wye East River Bridge 200 MD 838 - Wye Island Rd. 0.7 Service, Structure bridge reconstruct Wye Narrows Bridge (including approaches) 3,000 Source: State of Maryland Department of Transportation Highway Needs Inventory, 1982 .-,terstate Truck Service e I-C-C- Pennsylvania Regional representative on the Easter Shore lists 36 motor freight lines authorized to serve Queen Anne's County. Shippers the Fourth and Fifth Districts are provided excellent service to nearby metropolitan area interchange facilities. mass Transit t The Trailways System provides the Fourth and Fifth Districts with daily 4L bus service. Bus terminals are located at Grasonville and Stevensville. Bi cycl i nq During the 1970's, bicycles increased in popularity as more adults and children came to use bicycles for both recreation and personal transportation. Presently, there are no designated bikeways in the Fourth and Fifth Districts. 97 vA rublic Utilitiltz:.,, WATER SUPPLY essential ingredient for the Fourth and Fifth Districts' growth ater is an k @1,j development. The qu al i ty and amount of the water supply as well as -s waste disposal are two critical problems that have to be addressed -d resol ved. Queenstown, Prospect Bay, and Stevensville Utility are -ne only community water systems in the two Districts. A community water sistem is currently being constructed for Queens Landing development. 2 remainder of the Districts' residents and businesses receive their -rjUndwater tapped by individual wells. o geologic formations underlying the County are important water producers: ,,jia Greensand and Magothy formations. The sediments which comprise -.-ese aquifers are highly porous and have a high transmissibility, which -@<es them excellent water carriers. The aquifers are either recharged :-rectly at the surface where they are exposed, such as long drainageways, 7, indirectly from overyling, permeable Pliocene and younger sediments. '..-)undwater is the only water, supply source for the Fourth and Fifth District. "t-ept in the low-lying areas in the Fourth and Fifth Districts where deeper wells are required, the majority of the wells are drilled and @-;ven. In the majority of the agricultural uses, wells provide most i, the water needs. But for those agricultural uses requiring large amounts t water, surface streams and farm ponds are used as supplement. chief users of water for industrial purposes in the Fourth and Fifth Olt @tricts are canneries and seafood processors. Both use large quantities groundwater daily during their respective seasons. The canning season for only about three months while fish, crab, and oyster processing _Mties operate for longer periods. N @reviously mentioned, there are three centralized distribution systems the Districts: Stevensville Utilit Company serves Kent Cover Condo- y JV 'Llms, Kangaroo Beach Condomoniums and Thompson Creek Condominiums, 3 variety of commercial and light industrial uses (Figure 17). 98 NF FIGURE 17 FOURTH AND FIFTH DISTRICTS QUEEN ANNES COUNTY L NORTH 11 IK WATER SERVICE AREAS 0 S40V 10800' 2160(r ;A has an authorized average use of 40,000 gallons of water per storage capacity of 11,000 gallons. Queenstown's system is at ..n average use of 50,000 gallons of water per day and a storage 50,000 gallons per day. The Prospect Bay system is designed for an A@ierage use of 315,000 gallons of water per day and storage capacity of 00,000 gal 1 ons . The proposed Queens Landing system is designed for an "Verage use of 73,600 gallons. he State of Maryland requires water users to obtain a permit to appropriate 3nd use waters of the State. The only water uses that are exempt from 'he permit requirement are individual residences and agricultural suppliers. -igure 18 shows the location of each water withdrawal. With one exception, 211 permitted water withdrawals in the Fourth District are from the Aquia @@,,uifer. Approximately 2,762 wells were constructed on Kent Island from '945 to 1981. Nintey-eight percent of the wells drilled are in the Aquia 'quifer. sing the assumption that every person uses 75 gallons per day, the average 'aily domestic water use for the Fourth District in 1980 is 613,275 gallons day. Using the same assumption, the Fifth District uses 353,475 gallons day. Because of th rapid growth and development, there are several ;,eas within the Fourth and Fifth districts that have or will have water @-Oblems such as improper groundwater management and poor water quality --,jsed by high concentration of individual wells. _@nce about 1970, there has been an increasing concentration of chloride the Aquia Aquifer, which supplies the Fourth and Fifth Districts with -.!ch of their water. Within areas of the Fourth District, the Maryland Dartment of Natural Resources has identified that the chloride concentrations @verisen to as high as 822 ppm, which is more than three times the E.P.A. cori",ended limit of 250 ppm for drinking water. The Department speculated @'the source of the high chloride concentrations is salt water intrusion "m the 1hesapeake Bay and that the probable source of the chloride increase @ associated with increased water usage. The Department also speculated --at future pumpage increases or continuation of present pumpage rates "Athe Aquia Aquifer may further increase chloride concentration. 100 FIGURE 18 FOURTH AND FIFTH DISTRICTS QUEEN ANNES COUNTY NORTH qr 4 ACTIVE WATER APPROPRIATION PERMITS 0 5,400' 10800' 2160(r majority of the County's development has occurred in the Fourth Dist ..,,Ough the groundwater supply appears to be sufficient to providL expected increase in development, poor well spacing and high pumping could cause a groundwater transmission problem. Through a groundwater @jtoring program and through the implementation of proper planning, :ontinuous supply of acceptable groundwater can be ensured. -`I vidual wells have been the water supply system for most of the developments the Fourth and Fifth Districts. As development continues and residential :.-,Isities continue, the County will have to face a decision regarding provision of a community water system. 102 -A WASTEWATER TREATMENT FACILITIES ently most of the development in the Fourth and Fifth Districts utilizes -dividual septic tank systems to dispose of wastewater. The vast majority the area of the two Districts are in the Mattapex-Keyport and Elkton- Y, )-mello soil associations, and because of their composition there are serious limitations to usage of septic tank disposal fields. In an effort counter this problem, three central treatment plant and collector systems lave been developed: Queenstown, Kent Narrows/Stevensville/Grasonville, 'rd Prospect Bay. --jeenstown 's treatment facil ity is a trickling filter with chlorination, oith an existing capacity of 60,000 gallons per day. Since its average "lows are 59,000, there are plans for the plant's expansion. Presently A e plant discharges its effluent flows into the little Queenstown Creek. ,e existing Queenstown treatment facility is being upgraded to meet the "171uent requirements of the NPDES Permit. The upgrading is to be accomplished -Y the addition of 85,000 gallons per day. e recently built Kent Narrows/Stevensville/Grasonville wastewater treatment --ility consists of a vacuum collection and force main transmission with ',reatment capacity of 800,000 gallons per day. Reports from Queen Anne's -,,-inty Public Works estimates that the average daily flow is 500,000 gallons day. An additional 215,865 gallons per day in agreements have been i_'horized for future developments. Its outflow is into the Chesapeake 3SPect Bay's treatment facility is designed for an average influent of 130,000 gallons of wastewater per day and an average daily flow @30,000 gallons of wastewater. Approximately 15,000 gallons of wastewater :1-Y are being treated. addition to the three central systems, there are also several multi-use .,,i@r8ge systems in operation within the two districts. Chesapeake College -'rates an existing multi-use wastewater system with an average flow ",000 gallons of wastewater per day and a peak flow of 27,000 gallons 103 AF@ stewater per day. Friel, S.E.W. and Friel Lumber Company operate i s t i ng mu I t i -u s e wastewater system serving a lumberyard and a tomato :_Icts cannery with an authorized average flow of 123,000 gallons of ewater per day and a peak f 1 ow of 1,000,000 gallons of wastewater 311y one day during the twel ve months of the year. Also, S.E.W. Friel ,ates an existing multi-use wastewater system serving a sweet corn cannery near Wye Mills, with an average flow of 125,000 gallons .3stewater per day and a peak flow of 1,500,000 gallons per day. Sewerage Service Area is an area served by or potentially served by @ystem of sanitary sewers connected to a treatment plant. Figure 19 istrates the designated service areas. 104 At FIGURE 19 FOURTH AND FIFTH DISTRICTS QUEEN ANNES COUNTY NORTH 141 rllr WASTEWATER TREATMENT FACILITIES SERVICE AREAS C) 5400' 10800' 21600' SOLID WASTE COLLECTION AND DISPOSAL ..-arding to a study by Gershman, Brickner & Bratton, Inc., the Fourth Fifth Districts' residents are generating 4.0 lbs. of garbage and @-sh per day or approximately 9,409.7 tons per year. Until recently, re disposed within six landfill facilities in Queen Anne's @se wastes WL Located within the Fourth and Fifth Districts, two of the facilities, @-rls Neck and Grasonville, were converted into transfer stations (Figure The residents have to make individual arrangement with private haulers the collection of the solid waste. The private haulers take the solid ..@ste to the transfer stations, whereupon the county takes it to the land- at Centreville. According to engineers at the Queen Anne's County ';1,partment of Public Works, the sanitary landfill at Centreville is close reaching its capacity and has approximately two to three years left. 106 FIGURE 20 FOURTH AND FIFTH DISTRICTS QUEEN ANNES COUNTY N + 4. CC ts SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL SITES TRAMSFER STATIOM SANIIARY LAN13FILL 5,4W 10600, 21600' STORMWATER MANAGEMENT of the consequences of the growth and development which has occurred .,qin the Fourth and Fifth Districts has been the increased quantity stormwater. As development continues, the amount of imperivous surfaces increases, preventing stormwater-from filtering into the ground area. runoff carries sediment from poor agricultural and grading practices ,-,c,rsely impacting water quality. Tons of sediment have deposited in Chesapeake Bay by stormwater, destroying fish spawning grounds and ..,@tic vegetation which is necessary to support marine life. The sediment -)sion from unmanaged stormwater has also been responsible for smothering :-11fish beds. Pursuant to a study on the biologic health of the Chesapeake -,the Environmental Protection Agency brought out several conclusions: 1. Pollutants entering the Bay are not readily flushed out into the ocean but accumulate within the Bay. 2. Since the late 1960's, submerged aquatic vegetation had declined in abundance and diversity throughout the Bay. 3. Freshwater spawning fish have decreased in the Bay. 4. Oyster harvests have also decreased State-wide. 41 5. Increasing levels of nutrients are entering many parts of the Bay. 6. The amount of water in the main part of the Ba with low or no y dissolved oxygen has increased about 15-fold in the last 30 ears. y 7. High concentrations of toxics and metals are found in the sediments. .@een Anne's County Subdivision Ordinance requires that developments have stormwater easement. The County recently adopted a stormwater management :.dinance for new development and a stormwater management maintenance Both should help to reduce the amount -)]icy for existing developments. unmanaged stormwater from entering the Chesapeake Bay. 108 .Ifet p4, 4111! HM%Amman qo::' , 1:11 r v I A C , s Ikk EDUCATION tV in Queen Anne's County is the responsibility of the Queen Anne's Board of Education in conjunction with the Superintendent of Schools his staff. The county provides a thirteen ear program consisting y @rades K-4 in elementary, grades 5-8 in middle schools and grades 9-12 senior high school. Additional school services include guidance, health ZI psychological services, adult education, vocational technical training special education. Table 36 and Figure 21 show the Fourth and Fifth stricts' public schools and their enrollment for the years 1974 and TABLE 36 PUBLIC EDUCATION FOURTH AND FIFTH DISTRICTS QUEEN ANNE'S COUNTY Grasonville Kent Island Stevensville Elementary Elementary Middle School School School 221 427 366 172 611 502 192 635 517 rollment -49 +184 +136 -ange '4-1980 rollment -29 +208 +151 -nge @30-1983 -i'llding 310 570 650 ;Pacity -'fference 118 -65 133 '.3+ween -apacity 1983 ment 3,@u rc e: Board of Education of Queen Anne's County, Comprehensive Plan for School Facilities, 1981. 109 FIGURE 21 FOURTH AND FIFTH DISTRICTS NTY- OUEEN ANNES COU NORTH 31 ... ... .... ..... ..... low ........... rx /1000@ .00, EDUCATION FAMITIES A CHESAPEAKE COLLEGE 8 GRASONVILLE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL C KENT ISLAND ELEMENTARY SCHOOL 0 STEVENSVILLE MIDDLE SCHOOL E WYE INSTITUTE 0 S400' 10800' 21600' 7`@ ::i.3rd of Education of Queen Anne's County has developed a set of criteria -7-2school facility's location, space needs and design features. ire: Size 1. Elementary School (Pre K-4) Ten acres plus one acre for k each 100 students. 2. Middle School (5-8) Twenty acres plus one acre for each 100 students. 3. High School / Vocational Center (9-12) Thirty (30) acres plus one acre for each 100 students. b) Location 1. Be consistent with the county's long-range plans. 2. Be convenient to the communities within its attendance area. 3. Minimize traffic congestion and the need for school transporta- tion. 4. Allow for site expansion. 5. Be adaptable to other purposes. 6. Have proximity to fire protection services. C. Enrollment 1. Enrollments in each of Queen Anne's County's elementary schools is not to exceed 600 students. 2. Middle school grades are defined 5-8 and the maximum capacity is 800 students. 3. The Board of Education of Queen Anne's County has established that secondary school attendance shall be grades 9-12 and that a secondary school should have not more than 1,200 students. 31ble 37 compares the Board of Education's established criteria with the "listing facilities. TABLE 37 SCHOOL FACILITIES FOURTH AND FIFTH DISTRICTS QUEEN ANNE'S COUNTY 1983 Grasonville Kent Island Stevensvi 11 e Elementary Elementary Middle School School School site (Acres) Existing 8.6 13.7 12.6 Recommended 11.7 16.1 25 Excess (3.1) (2.4) (12.4) (Deficiency) Enrol I ment Existing 192 635 517 Recommended 600 600 800 Excess 408 (35) 293 (Deficiency) SOURCE: Board of Education of Queen Anne's County, Comprehensive Plan for School Facilities, 1980. All three school facilities are deficient in site acreage and Kent Island Elementary School exceeds the recommended enrollment. Along with its deficient site acreage, Grasonville Elementary School was also evaluated to have marginal to inadequate accommodations for instructional programs, separate indoor physical education area, and indoor area to meet support program needs (library, art, music, etc.). The school was also evaluated to have inadequate handicap access and rest room facilities. Located within the Fifth District, Chesapeake College is the only institution of higher education located in Queen Anne's County. The college offers a two-year Associate of Arts degree in a variety of subjects. There is a total of 470 full time students, and 1700 part time students enrolled 112 -ne educational program. From Queen Anne's County, there are 283 st,idents -,he credit program and 281 in the continuing education program. e Queen Anne's County High School in Centreville, the Fourth and Districts' students can receive vocational education as well as preparatory work. Vocational courses include auto mechanics, _,3-pentry, clerical stenographic training, cosmetology, distributive education, :,@f,_ing, electronics, farm power mechanics general occupations, general licensed practical nursing, trowel trades, agriculture,, home ,--ication, and welding. 60 percent of the school-aged children in the Fourth and Fifth Districts -@e in the grades of Kindergarten to eight (Table 38). Using historical -onponents, Queen Anne's County Board of Education has prepared enrollment ,rojects for the public schools in the Fourth and Fifth Districts for y .he next twent years. Table 39 reveals that the enrollment should, reach a plateau and then level off for Grasonville Elementary by the year 1990; 4hereas the enrollment for both Kent Island Elementary and Stevensville @4iddle School will continue to increase. TABLE 39 ENROLLMENT PROJECTIONS FOURTH AND FIFTH DISTRICTS QUEEN ANNE'S COUNTY School 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 Grasonville 172 225 250 250 250 Elementary Kent Island 611 850 920 950 960 Elenentary Stevensville 502 592 650 850 870 M i d d I e SOURCE: QUEEN ANNE'S COUNTY BOARD OF EDUCATION 113 ,-A 1ABLE 38 SCHOOL ENROLLMENT BY RACE FOURTH AND FIFTH DISTRICT QUEEN ANNE'S COUNTY Nursery Kindergarten and High School College School Elementary (I to 4 Years) (Grades I to 8) Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent FOURTH DISTRICT Total 62 1,121 490 164 White 56 1,060 465 160 Black 6 61 45 4 FIFTH DISTRICT Total 27 693 384 85 Whitp 27 457 298 76 Black 236 86 9 Spanish Origin 24 SUBTOTAL Total 89 2.9% 1,814 60.0% 874 29.0% 249 8.1% White 83 1,517 763 236 Black 6 297 131 13 Spanish Origin 24 SOURCE: U.S. CENSUS BUREAU L PARKS AND RECREATION IN QUEEN ANNE'S COUNTY --n Anne's County, the greatest population increase has been and _je@ ill occurring in the Fourth and Fifth Districts. Th i s creates a to the County since sufficient recreation programs and park facilities vided to the districts' residents while still tending to the be pro of the rest of the County. Even with the progress made by the County, are not sufficient park and recreation facilities to meet the current ...@jj,3tion, not to mention the future demand. _-,ncept of hierarchy of parks is used in planning for parks and recreation Jes. Each level has standards for size, service area desirable @_--ivities establishing the foundation for analyzing the Districts' need. ierarchy of parks will consist of three levels: neighborhood, community county parks. neighborhood park is located in the interior of a residential development ich usually serves the area within a .1 to .25 mile radius. Its minimum is 3.5 acres and there is usually no street access, since i's primary .sers are preschool children or the elderly. The financial responsibility .-)r the land acquisitiona nd development as well as its maintenance should -e private (such as the Homeowners Association). The following are the @-jgyested facilities for neighborhood parks: Swings, sandbox, climbers, merry-go-round, single & group spring bouncers, water fountain, benches, fence surrounding lot for safety of children; or gardens, fountains, walking paths, park benches, picnic tables, horseshoe or shuffleboard courts. cormunity park is usually located at the center of residential neighborhoods Iradjacent to an elementary school. The park usually serves an area .25 to .5 mi 1 e. The park's size ranges from 10 to 20 acres and is "eSigned primarily for school age children. There is at least a 300 foot @roltage on a collecter street and 20 off-street spaces. The responsibility ,or its development and maintenance rests with the County or school district. Th efollowing facilities are recommended for a community park: Informal softball field, open play area, tennis court, surfaced area for basketball, playground apparatus, shelter house with restrooms, Water fountains, passive shaded area with park benches, picnic tables, grills, gardens, walking paths, and neighborhood park facilities. 115 are usually located in the center of the community and at periphery of residential areas, along or near major streets. County -Arks are designed to serve all age groups within an area five miles around The size of county parks should be at least 20-75 acres, and there S snould be a minimum street frontage of 600 feet on an arterial street @r with good access off an arterial street. Seventy-five parking spaces snould be provided for use of a park. Its acquisition, development and --aintenance rest entirely with the county. 3esides neighborhood and community park facilities, it is also suggested hat county parks should have the following facilities: Large open space for picnic tables, grills, park benches,, water fountains, gardens and walking paths. Large area for informal games and activities. A shelter house with restrooms. In addition, facilities for one or more of the following: softball, baseball, tennis, basketball, football, track or ice-skating. r,igure 22 identifies the location of parks and open space fcilities within 'he Fourth and Fifth Districts. :OURTH DISTRICT .,Neighborhood Parks .411 of the Fourth District's neighborhood park acreage is land reserved r ]or private community recreational use within existing subdivided tracts. This land includes a nine hole golf course in the Cove Creek Club subdivision 8s well as park areas in the subdivisions of Cloverfields, Castle Marina, Chesapeake Estates, Queen Anne Colony, Paradise Island, Cox Creek Acres, Chester Haven Beach, Marling Farms, Matapeake Estates, Romancoke on the 3aY, Shipping Creek and Tower Gardens on the Bay. Several of these park areas include beaches and bike paths. This land is easily accessible to the residents of the respective subdivisions and adjacent residences. The objective of these neighborhood parks and recreation areas is to provide a Place for individual recreational activities for the subdivision's residents. 116 FIGURE 22 TH DISTRICTS FOURTH AND FIF Nly QUEEN ANNES COU NORTH ........ .. . . 20 10 14 6 0- 2 3. IL2 21 cc It ;4 12 . . . . . . . . . . 5 31 7 /o/ PARKS AND RECREATION I cm(Sn-A MWO BEACH 17 *ORAKONLE PIER 2 C)fESTEA RIYEA BEACH 18 OLD LOVE POINT PARK 3 WALING FARM$ 19 mA-, APEAKE STATE PARK 4 WAPSAXE ESTATES ZO -,EZRAPIN PARK 5 RoAAKNE ON THE BAY 21 aLuf -CRID" GOLF COMSE. 6 SHIpipt"G OtEEK 22 PAPA.DISE 1SLAX0 7 TOVE9 WoEmS On THE BAY 23 c(n cREEt ACRES a CLOVERFIELDS Z4 PRMPCC-. BAY 9 COYE CREEK CLUB 25 s"Tsx"'S HALL 10 CASTLE OAR INA 26 BELLE POINT 11 CmEsAps.:.Ai@E ESTATES 27 GOYER" GRAL5014 NAACIR 12 QUEEN MME COLOMY -Z8 GRA.S.*VILLE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL 13 KENT WROWS LAAOIwl Z9 GRASOMILLE SENIOR C171ZEN CENTER 14 KENT ISLAmo ELEmENTARY SCHOOL 30 GRASDOILLE PARK IS STEVC4SYILLE RIDDLE SCHOOL 31 WYE ISLAND NI7Y COLLGE 0 540(@ 10600* 216OC' MDARAY PARK 32 CmESAPE"E COPM Parks :sIand Elementary and Stevensville Middle Schools are both located Fourth District. The 1981 Recreation and Park Master Plan and -I-iensive Plan for School Facilities recommended that school facilities ;-tes be jointly used for community parks and recreation. This joint school facilities is necessitated by the lack of adequate park ..ities. The recreation areas adjacent to these school facilities .1assified as community parks. According to the standards for minimum -,@ge established by the school plan, both schools are deficient in area and Besides recreation facilities for the community residents. school ground facilities, Kent Narrows Landing is also considered --nunity park, which provides boat ramps and basketball courts. Parks -.Dray Park: Located on Route 8, the 14-acre park site has two baseball/ .:@-.ball fields, one soccer field, three tennis courts, play area, an .:,rcise course, barbeque grills, tables, access to'Route 8, parking and --runity bulletin board. -iancoke Pier: A County operated fishing and crabbing pier equipped 4-.h barbeque grills, picnic tables and restroom complex, situated on ne-acre site. This community pier (the former Romancoke Ferry Pier) free for use by county residents. Fees are charged to out-of-county -s@rs only. This facility is currently producing additional revenues r Recreation and Parks. Jd Love Point Park: This newly developed 20-acre park is located at ---------------------- ',e north area of Stevensville and contains three softball /baseball diamonds nd two football/ soccer fields. Heron Golf Course: The County recently acquired this nine hole golf urse, located on Route 8, from Queen Anne Colony Subdivision. This Course is on a 27 acre.parcel of land. 118 47 Park: This newly acquired 260 acres of land will be developed county park. On this parcel, it has beach front property and will set not only to the residents of the Fourth and Fifth Districts, an as the enti re County. 1@7 Park Park This 239-acre park is owned and operated by Maryland Department of Natural Resources, with the objective of preserving -21 space. Fourth District offers a quality of life enjoyed by many families for water access property on the Eastern Shore, but still accessible places of employment west of the bay. Since the population of the :,tirth District will continue to increase, acquisition and development parks should continue to be a major priority. u-@ny of the existing parks and recreation facilities in the Fourth District, .@cluding baseball fields and soccer fields, have been developed and maintained -y private organizations. For example, five of the 13 baseball/softball -'ields have been developed and are maintained by private leagues or organiza- -.ions; whereas out of the seven football/soccer fields in the Districts, .hree fields have been developed and are maintained by private leagues. ,able 40 lists park and recreation facilities in the Fourth District: 119 TABLE 40 PARKS AND RECREATION FACILITIES FOURTH DISTRICT TYPE OF LAND AND ACREAGE IMPROVEMENTS ArF nborhood Parks Creek Club Home Owners' Assoc. 40.3 Land & Two Ponds; Private Wetlands; Bike Path; Nine 3'! Hole Golf Course aradise Island One Community - Use Parcel 2.25 ox Creek Acres One Community - Use Parcel 1.04 ven Beach Reserved Lands 15 nester Ha @arling Farms Four Reserved Lots 4 It I uatapeake Estates Community Beach & Park Area 7.74 0mancoke on the Bay Community Beach,& 24 28 4, Unsaleable Lots Shipping Creek One Open Space Parcel 8.69 Tower Gardens on the Bay One Reserved Area; One Community-Use Area 3.96 Cloverfields Community-Use Area 5 Castle Marina Private Clubhouse, Pool & �5 Marina Chesapeake Estates Community Beach & Open Space t3.5 Queen Anne Colony Open Space 21 omimunity Parks Kent Narrows Landing Boat Ramp, Basketball Court 3.73 Kent Island Elementary School One Softball/Baseball Field, 13.7 Playground Equipment Stevensville Middle School Two Softball/Baseball Fields, 12.6 One Football Field Parks Mowbray Park Two Baseball/Softball Fields; 14 One Soccer Field; Three Tennis Courts; Play Area; Exercise Course, Barbeque Grills and Picnic Tables Romancoke Pier Fishing, Crabbing, Picnics 2 Old Love Point Park Three Softball/Baseball 20 Fields, Two Soccer/Football Fields Blue Heron Golf Course Nine Hole Golf Course, Driving 27 Range Terrapin Park Beach Front, Open Space 260 (Undeveloped) Regional Parks Matapeake State Park Open Space, Wildlife Preserve 239 SOURCE: QUEEN ANNE'S COUNTY PARKS AND RECREATION DEPARTMENT 120 FiFTH DISTRICT The Fifth District is experiencing moderate growth, influenced somewhat by the Fourth District's high growth rate. Commercial and residential development occurs outward from Route 50 which bisects the area. The two main town centers in the area are Queenstown and Grasonville. Growth and development remain centered around these two towns and along the U.S. Route 50 corridor. Neighborhood Parks The Fifth District contains about 203 acres of neighborhood parks. This land is reserved for private use within the subdivisions of Chester River Beach, Prospect Bay, Belle Point, Governor Grason Manor and Sportsman's Hall along with a private golf course, public beaches, park lands and open space. Community Parks ,rasonville Elementary School and Chesapeake College are school facilities ,qhich also have recreation facilities. As a Joint community school and recreation center, the elementary school is used as a location for various recreation programs, indoors and out. According to the Comprehensive Ilan for School Facilities, Grasonville Elementary School is deficient )f 3.1 acres. Chesapeake College provides a location for holding specialized 'vents on a limited-use basis. The County's Parks and Recreation Department jses the indoor swimming pool, on a rental basis, for swimming lessons @.nd pro g rams .Grasonville Senior Citizen Center provides two softball 'ields and playground equipment. -)ijnty Parks @!Lsonville Park is an approximately 28 acre site with two baseball/softball Z; lelds, three tennis courts, one soccer field, one football field, picnic @ables, two play areas, barbeque grills, community bulletin board, access Parking. 121 !egional Park The Fifth District also has a considerable amount of open space. Wye Island, a State Natural Resources park, has almost 2,600 acres and is preserved as a balanced, unique and healthy ecosystem. Table 41 identifies the parks and recreation facilities in the Fifth District: TABLE 41 PARKS AND RECREATION FACILITIES FIFTH DISTRICT OF LAND AND ACREAUt IMPROVEMENTS Neighborhood Parks Chester River Beach Community Bathing Beach 2 Prospect Bay Two Community Recreation 178 Areas; 18 Hole Golf Course Sportsman's Hall One Community Park Site; 4 One Community Park Site with Pond Belle Point Open Space t15 Governor Grason Manor One Community Area 4 Community Park Grasonville Elementary One Softball/Baseball 8.6 School Field; Playground Equip- ment; Soccer/Football Field Grasonville Senior Two Softball Fields; Play- 6.3 Citizen Center ground Equipment Chesapeake College Indoor Swimming Pool; 45.0 Recreation Facilities County Parks Grasonville Park Two Baseball/Softball Fields; 27.7 Three Tennis Courts, One Soccer Field, One Football Field, Picnic Tables, Play Areas, and Barbeque Grills Regional Parks Wye Island Preserved Open Space and 2,600 @G_UP S, COUNTY PARKS AND RECREATION DEPARTMENT @E- _9UEEN ANNE' 122 Anne 's County's Parks and Recreation Department provides a multitude e a t i o nactivities and programs for the residents of the two districts minimal fee. The variety of programs range from music, art and crafts o aerobic exercises and organized athletic sports. These programs are :usually held at the Kent Island Estate Community Hall, Kent Island Methodist ,church, Stevensville Middle School, Kent Island Elementary School, Grasonville N ,Nlmethodist Church, Grasonville Senior Citizen Center, and Grasonville Elementary School Park Land Requirements The State Comprehensive Outdoor Recreation Plan (SCORP) establishes objectives for acquiring recreation sites and open space land. The local portion of the 1990 acreage objective is based upon a national average of 35 acres Iper 1,000 persons. This is broken down into the following service levels: Neighborhood Parks 5 acres per 1,000 persons Community Parks 10 acres per 1,000 persons unty Parks 20 acres per 1,000 persons 10 acreage to population ratios were developed by the U.S. Bureau of Outdoor Recreation as a general guideline for the states to use in establishing acreage objectives for counties and local municipalities. Table 42 assesses the park acreage to 1980 population. TABLE 42 PARK AND RECREATION FACILITIES FOURTH AND FIFTH DISTRICTS QUEEN ANNE'S COUNTY Actual Recommended Difference Acreage Acreage + FOURTH DISTRICT Neighborhood 145.5 41 + 104.5 Commu n i ty 30 82 - 52 323 163 + 160 County FIFTH DISTRICT Neighborhood 203 24 + 179 9 mmu n i ty 59.9 47 + 12.9 unty 27.7 94 66.3 CO) WU MR, CE-.- QUEEN ANNE'S PARKS AND RECREATION DEPARTMENT 123 4% SO though both Districts have ample neighborhood parks, there are me ..-iencies in community and county park lands. Unfortunately, neighborhood have been developed for the private use of the particular subdivisions' ients. VA 124 rz FIRE AND EMERGENCY SERVICES -Our of the nine County fire and emergency stations are located in the -Ourth and Fifth Districts: Stevensville, Grasonville, Queenstown, and nited Communities located in Romancoke (Figure 23). There are at least 0 volunteers per station. Queen Anne's County 911 is responsible for - The dispatch service he dispatching of all fire and emergency services. is totally supported by Queen Anne's County. he average budget to operate a station ranges from $45,000 to $50,000 3er year. Presently, each station is receiving $22,000 from Queen Anne's IOU n ty Additional funds for the stations' operation must be obtained hrough donations and fund raising activities. The 1983 budgets for the -ourth and Fifth Districts' fire station were: Kent Island Fire Company $51,860 (Stevensvi 11 e) Grasonville Fire Company $52,000 Queenstown Fire Company $47,079 United Communities Fire Company $48,000 (Romancoake) The Stevensville, Grasonville, Queenstown, and United Communities fire/emer- gency service stations also provide ambulance service. Families in the -ourth and Fifth Districts have the opportunity to participate in the rescue program for a small fee per year. Table 43 lists the total number Offire and ambulance service calls for the last five years. TABLE 43 FIRE AND AMBULANCE SERVICE CALLS FOURTH AND FIFTH DISTRICTS QUEEN ANNE'S COUNTY YEAR Stations 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 Kent Isl and 543 595 594 539 561 3rasonvi I I e 433 406 463 450 424 '@ueenstown 237 297 281 286 305 Jn1ted Communities 156 196 176 165 121 ers 125 FIGURE 23 FOURTH AND'FIFTH DISTRICTS QUEEN ANNES COUNTY NOFFH B . . . . . . .. . . F1 RE PROTEC-nON FACWTIES A KENT ISLAND FIRE COMPANY B GRASONVILLE FIRE COMPANY C QUEENSTOWN FIRE COMPANY 0 UNi'TED COMMUNITIES FIRE COMPANY 0 5400' 10800* 2 160c, --ording to the Districts' volunteer fire fighters, operation and equipment sts have exceeded the donations and the County's contribution. Whether not the population in the Districts continues to increase, the cost providing fire protection and ambulance service will increase. The esidents will have to bear more of the cost burden either through a tax (for example, one cent fire tax on the present $2 property tax) or larger County donation. 127 POLICE -@lice protection is provided for the Fourth and Fifth Districts by Queen 'ine's County Sheriff and the Maryland State Police, both of which are ocated in Centreville. Besides the sheriff, there are eleven deputies @nd the cost to provide protection and service is $260,000. Over 60 percent @f all calls come from the businesses and residences of the Fourth and -ifth Districts. @esides assisting in criminal investigation, the State Police are responsible for providing highway assistance and responding to traffic accidents. In 1983, 59 percent of the total State police calls for service within )ueen Anne's County were generated from the Fourth and Fifth Districts. out of the six sworn state troopers assigned to full-time duties in the County, Three are assigned to the Fourth and Fifth Districts. Another one, an investigator position, is assigned to cover the whole county, but the majority of his cases are in the Fourth and Fifth Districts. According to the Maryland Uniform Crime Report, the number of total arrests has steadily increased since 1977 (Table 44). Adult committed crimes increased by 122 percent during the six year period. The increase in the incidents of crime can be associated with population increase. it has been estimated by the Queen Anne's County Sheriff and the Maryland State Police that 60 percent of the crimes committed in the County occur in the Fourth and Fifth Districts. 128 TABLE 44 CRIMES COMMITTED QUEEN ANNE'S COUNTY 1977-1982 1979 1980 1981 1982 -@tal Arrests 608 616 728 678 791 1,071 ,,tal Adults 386 380 462 455 639 855 3tal Juveniles 222 236 266 223 152 216 virder 1 0 0 0 0 3 @,)nnegl i gent 0 1 0 3 1 2 ,'Iansl aughter ,3pe 4 2 4 7 1 5 @.qbbery 6 6 6 14 6 14 '..ggravated 27 36 17 21 13 24 Assaul t 3reaking or Entering 54 70 30 73 36 53 -arceny 38 61 86 88 81 128 Y,/V Theft 10 19 21 15 16 8 Simple 78 34 99 124 113 133 Assaults Arson 1 0 0 1 1 6 orgery & 7 4 13 3 10 3 Counterfeiting 1,aud 11 7 18 1 4 2 cmbezzl ement 0 1 0 0 0 0 @eceive, Possess 5 17 6 1 1 1 or Buy Stol en Prop. Vandal i sm 28 39 46 19 39 37 Weapons: Carrying, 2 1 7 7 1 1 Possessi ng Prostit. & 0 0 0 0 0 0 Commer. Vice Sex Offenses 3 6 3 6 4 5 Drug Abuse Violations 35 45 35 21 13 55 Gambl i ng 0 0 4 0 0 0 Offenses Against 1 1 2 0 0 0 Family & Children Driving Under 34 49 43 86 250 325 the Influence Liquor Laws 51 43 31 23 11 26 Disorderly Conduct 13 2 4 5 9 17 Vagrancy 0 0 0 0 0 0 All Other Offences 159 144 226 126 156 207 Suspicion 9 7 3 14 0 0 Curfew & Loiter. 5 0 0 0 4 0 Law Violations Runaways 26 21 24 20 21 16 e: Maryland Uniform Crime Reports 1977-1982 129 HEALTH CARE -ne residents of the Fourth and Fifth Districts have to travel to either -nnapolis or Chestertown for medical and health services. Currently, ,here are three general practitioners and a part-time pediatrician practicing ;nthe two Districts. The ratio of general practitioners to the Districts' )opulation is 1:4297, lower than the State of Maryland (1:1650) but higher -han the county (1:6377). Besides the physicians, there are five dentists @racticing. The Districts' ratio of dentists is 1:2578, lower than the county's ratio of 1:1962 and the state's (1:1557). In 1980, the U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare provided ;actors to use within a model to determine existing and projected demand 4@ tor primary care service. Using the 1980 Census, the model determined :he Districts' existing need: Family/General Practice 12,542 visits Internal Medicine 3,925 visits obstetrics/Gynecology 3,069 visits Pediatrics 4,417 visits Dentistry 20,503 visits According to the Maryland Health Systems Agency, the following are the capacities in physician visits per year by type of service: Adult Health 5,605 visits/year/ (General, Obstetrics, Gynecology) full time physician Pediatrics 5,322 visits/year/ full time physician Dental 3,628 visits/year/ full time physician For the Fourth and Fifth Districts, the analysis of demand versus capacity shows the following: 130 TABLE 45 PRIMARY CARE SERVICES FOURTH AND FIFTH DISTRICTS PHYSICIANS Excess Existing Needed (Deficit) Capacity Capacity Capacity Adult Care 3 3.4 (.4) Pediatrics .5* .83 (.33) Dentist 5 5.65 (.65) The assumption of half time was made for the pediatrician. The model s h owed th at the Di s t r i c ts a re i n def i c i t capaci ty of primary care service. The deficit level of health care service will continue to increase as the Districts continue to experience growth. In cooperation with the Maryland Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, public health services are provided to the Fourth and Fifth Districts' residents by Queen Anne's County. The County Health Department, located in Centreville, has a staff consisting of a part time health officer, 12 public nurses, two public health nurse's aides, two dental aides, four sanitarians, one sanitarian's aide, and several part time consultants. The department offers a variety of health services such as: alcohol group therapy,, cardiac care, hearing tests, maternity care, planned parenthood, mental hygiene, neurology and orthopedic care, pediatric consulting, pediatric seizure, speech evaluation, vision testing, immunization services, and venereal disease care. Chest x-rays are contracted out to Kent - Queen's General Hospital in Chestertown and physical therapy is provided as needed. Drug abuse counseling is provided by a tri-county association. Weight control and smoking treatment are some of the sessions provided in the adult health education classes offered by the County Health Department. According to the County Health Department, 40 to 60 percent of the visits to the Health Department Clinic are made by persons from the Fourth and Fifth Districts. 131 -ecause of the considerable amount of growth, there has been a great deal )f discusslon regarding the need for opening a Health Department annex the Fourth and Fifth Districts. 132 LIBRARY 7,-he residents of the Fourth and Fifth Districts have the opportunity to ,,se the Queen Anne's County Free Library, located in Centreville. The library's 10,000 square foot building houses a collection of over 57,000 Dooks and has the capacity of 75,000. The bookmobile has an additional @apacity of 2,800 books and it makes 37 stops in the Fourth and Fifth ,Districts. In 1983, the circulation of books and other library materials was 118,000. The library also has an inter-library loan system, which enables Queen Anne's County residents to have access to the resources of the Eastern Regional Shore Library in Salisbury, the Enoch Pratt Free Library in Baltimore, Theodore R. McKeldin Library of the University of Maryland, and the library of the John Hopkins University. Current standards recommend that a library should serve a three mile radius and that there should be .1 square feet of library space per capita * Additionally, each 10,000 square feet of building space requires I to 1.5 acres of land. Consideration should be given to develop a 7,000 square foot branch library on a one acre site, in a central location within the d i s t r i c t s .Currently there are plans underway to build a minimum 1,700 square foot branch 1 ibrary in the Kent Island area, but it is feared that the size of the new facility will not meet the future library needs of the Districts' residents. 133 77 AdIlikk APO, 41" L LAND USE Othe spring of 198'4, a land use survey was completed for the Fourth :jd Fifth Districts. This survey classified land uses and also indicated ,,at type of land use prevailed in each zoning classification. The survey ;jund that over 78 percent of the Districts' land was vacant or used as .-Owl cul tu re. Residential (both low and high density) was the next largest :ategory with nearly 9.0 percent. The next largest category was public @jildings and lands which are owned by the state and federal governments. nis is due to the state government ownership of Wye Island. Table 46 ndFigure 24 show the results of the 1984 land use survey. There has been a considerable amount of change in the relative acreage jevoted to the various uses over time. A comparison of such amounts in 1,962, 1974 and 1984 shows the extent of urbanization within the Fourth and Fifth Districts. Table 47 shows the comparison of the absolute and elative amounts of land use in the Districts for the last 22 years. largest land use (50,258 acres) in the Districts are either undeveloped, ,vacant or used for agriculture. Of this undeveloped land, 12,294.5 acres ,24 percent) have been zoned as residential. Another 608'acres (1.2 percent) of the undeveloped, vacant or agricultural land are zoned for business and 859.1 acres (1.7 percent) have been zoned as industrial. Nearly 3,596.6 acres have been developed as residential since 1962. Transportation is another land use which corresponds directly to the growth. Over 1700 acres have been reserved and/or developed as streets and highways. Tables 48, 49 and 50 show the amount and zoning of the Districts' lands. The Queen Anne's County Zoning Ordinance designates 12 districts and one floating classification for the Fourth and Fifth Districts (Figure 25). @@A r@@jcult@ural @Dist@rict - Includes all agricultural uses, single family and two-family dwellings, including farm trailers and incidental home Occupat-ions. Special exceptions are possible for many uses. Minimum ,*size is I acre. There are 31,208 acres of A-1 District in the Fourth Fifth Districts, of which 28,565.3 acres are either vacant or being 134 TABLE 46 LAND USE FOURTH AND FIFTH DISTRICTS 1984 Fourth District Fifth District Total Acres Percent Acres Percent Acres Percent Low Density Residential 2600.0 12.8% 2243.8 6.5% 4842.7 8.3% High Density Residential 66.2 .3 8.2 0.02 74.5 .13 Retail/Commercial 173.5 .8 181.4 0.53 354.9 .6 Industry, Communication , 1130.3 5.6 803.5 2.3 1933.8 3.5 Transportation, Utili- ties & Wholesalers Public Buildings & Lands 181.2 .9 3661.0 10.6 3842.3 6.2 Institutional Buildings 273.3 1.3 395.8 10.6 669.1 1.2 & Lands Agricultural Vacant or 15851.4 77.8 26983.3 78.4 42834.7 78.3 Non-Urban Use Areas TOTAL 20313.1 100% 34406.8 100% 54719.9 100% Source: Greenhorne & O'Mara, Land Use Survey 1984 FIGURE 24 FOURTH AND FIFTH DISTRICTS QUEEN ANNES COUNTY ij NORTH looo@@ is F" LANDUSE INVENTORY SOURCE-- GZx0 WINDSHIELD SURVEY- APRIL 1984 RESIDENTIAL - LOW DENSITY INDUSTRY, COWUNICATIONS, TRANSPORTATION, UTILITIES, WHOLESALERS RESIDENTIAL - MEDIUM DENSITY INSTITUTIONAL BUILDINGS AND LANDS, QUASI-PUBLIC AREAS all M-77 -1 RETAIL BUSINESS - HIGHWAY SERVICE PUBLIC BUILDINGS AND LANDS, STATE AND LM FEDERAL PROPERTIES AGRICULTiURAL, VACANT, OR NONURSAN 0 5400' 10800' 21600' USE AREAS TABLE 47 LAND USE FOURTH AND FIFTH DISTRICTS 1962 1974 1984 Fourth District Fifth District Land Uses 1962 1974 1984 1962 1974 1984 Acres Acres Acres Acres Acres Acres Residential 813 1601 2666.6 509 1171 2252 Commercial 62 162 173.5 72 149 181.4 Industrial, Communication, 94 922 1130.3 62 1370' 803.5 Transportation, Utilities & Wholesalers Public and Ouasi-Public 145 365 454.5 46 20 4056.8 Agricultural Vacant or 19062.6 17126 15851.4 33572.8 31551 34406.8 Non-Urban Use Areas Source: Queen Anne's County Planning Department Greenhorne & O'Mara, Inc. TABLE 48 ZONING AND LAND USE FOURTH DISTRICT 1984 Zoning Total Low Density High Density Retail/ Industriall Public Build- Institu- Agriculture District Residential Residential Commercial ings and Lands tional and Vacant R-2 2126.6 370.4 0.0 0.0 159.4 38.1 9.2 1549.5 A-1 11906.3 957.7 0.0 12.4 367.1 21.5 70.7 10477.0 R-3 4033.0 1180.9 0.0 5.3 434.4 22.8 40.6 2349.0 B-1 240.8 3.9 0.0 36.0 13.7 1.7 0.0 185.4 B-2 410.6 9.7 22.5 91.3 33.9 19.9 0.0 233.2 R-5 199.7 55.9 0.0 1.1 6.2 0.0 0.4 136.1 A-2 584.5 2.3 0.0 1.9 17.2 77.3 146.2 339.6 M-1 215.8 6.4 0.0 6.3 65.6 0.0 0.0 137.4 m-2 181.7 2.7 2.3 7.9 4.2 0.0 0.0 164.7 R-4 277.5 8.9 41.5 0.0 24.6 0.0 6.1 196.4 M-3 98.4 0.0 0.0 11.3 3.9 0.0 0.0 83.2 1 Also includes communication, transportation, utilities & wholesalers Source: Greenhorne & O'Mara, Inc. - 1984 TABLE 49 ZONING AND LAND USE FIFTH DISTRICT 1984 Zoning Total Low Density High Density Retail/ Industriall Public Build- Institu- Agricultur-e District Residential Residential Commercial ings and Lands tional and Vacant A-1 19301.6 1020.1 0.0 2.4 396.7 389.7 268.4 17224.2 m-3 266.6 10.4 0.0 58.0 29.7 0.2 0.0 168.3 R-1 10083.9 548.8 0.0 0.0 161.2 2739.0 104.0 6530.8 R-2 541.6 222.7 0.0 1.0 24.4 0.0 0.0 293.4 A-2 1349.1 10.7- 5.1 27.8 35.3 516.2 0.0 753.9 R-5 996.4 251.0 3.2 7.6 29.5 13.7 19.7 671.7 B-1 31.2 6.4 0.0 11.6 21.6 0.0 0.4 0.0 B-2 295.5 31.9 0.0 50.5 10.7 0.9 3.3 198.2 M-1 75.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 75.0 R-3 727.7 126.8 0.0 .8 4.2 1.3 0.0 .594.6 m-2 608.6 14.9 0.0 21.7 90.0 0.0 0.0 482.0 1 Also includes communication, transportation, utilities & wholesalers Source: Greenhorne & O'Mara, Inc. - 1984 L TABLE 50 ZONING AND LAND USE FOURTH AND FIFTH DISTRICTS 1984 Zoning Total Low Density High Density Retail/ Industrial Public Build- Institu- Agriculture District Residential Residential Commercial ings and Lands tional and Vacant R-2 2668.2 593.2 0.0 1.0 183.9 38.1 9.2 1842.8 A-1 31208.0 1977.8 0.0 14.8 763.9 411.1 339.1 27701.2 R-3 4760.8 1307.7 0.0 6.1 438.6 24.1 40.6 2943.7 B-1 271.9 10.3 0.0 47.6 35.4 1.7 0.4 176.5 B-2 706.1 41.6 22.5 141.8 44.6 20.8 3.3 431.5 R-5 1196.1 306.9 3.2 8.7 35.7 13.7 20.1 807.8 A-2 1933.5 12.9 5.1 29.7 52.5 593.5 146.2 1093.5 M-1 290.7 6.4 0.0 6.3 65.6 0.0 0.0 212.4 M-2 790.3 17.6 2.3 29.6 94.2 0.0 0.0 646.7 R-4 277.5 8.9 41.5 0.0 24.5 0.0 6.1 169.4 M-3 365.0 10.3 0.0 69.3 33.6 0.2 0.0 251.4 R-1 10083.9 548.8 0.0 0.0 161.2 2739.0 104.0 6530.8 source: Greenhorne & O'Mara, Inc. 1984 FIGURE 25 AND FIFTH DISTRICTS FOURTH QUEEN ANNES COUNTY NORTH . .............. X cc ac 1,j 0 31i EXISTING ZONING DISTRICTS B-1 COWUNITY BUSINESS A-1 AGRICULTURE A-2 AGRICULTURE-COKSERVATION 8-2 GENERAL BUSINESS R-1 ESTATE M-1 INDUSTRIAL PARK e M-2 GENERAL INDUSTRIAL R-2 SUBURBAN RESIDENTIAL M-3 MARITIME R-3 URBAN RESIDENTIAL R-4 APARTMENT R-5 GENERAL RESIDENTIAL 5400 10800* 2160(.r L Lised for agricultural purposes. A.72 Agri cul ture-Conservati on Di strict Al I ows all agricultural uses, but permits non-farm dwellings only by special exception. Other special exceptions allowed. Minimum lot size: 2 acres. There are 1933.5 acres zoned as A-2 in the two Districts of which 753.9 acres are either vacant or being used for agriculture purposes. The vast majority (1349.1 acres) of the A-2 property is in the Fifth District. R-1 Estate District - Permits all farm uses, estates", and single-family residences on 5 or more acre lots. Some special exceptions possible. There are 10,084 acres of agriculture land and all of it is located in the Fifth District. Approximately 27.1 percent of the R-1 Estate District is public land, owned by the state and federal government. R-2 Suburban Residence District - permits all R-1 uses, plus parks, public landings, and single-family dwellings on 20,000 square-foot lots. Such special exceptions as community boat harbors are possible. There are 2668.2 acres zoned as R-2, out of which 1842.8 acres are either undeveloped, vacant, or presently being used for agriculture purposes. R-3 Urban Residence District - Basically same as R-2, but minimum lot size is 8,000 square feet where water and sewer are available. Within the Districts, there are 4760 acres zoned R-3 and only 1308 acres for low density residential. R-4 Apartment District - Multi-family dwellings are first permitted in this district. Single-family minimum lot size with water and sewer: 7,000 square feet. There are 277.5 acres of R-4 zoned land and over 50.4 acres are used for residential purposes. R-5 General Residence District In addition to the single family dwellings and apartments, the R-5 District also permits mobile homes. The minimum lot size is 1,111 square feet with public water and sewer, There are 1,193.1 acres zoned as R-5, where a vast majority of the land (83 percent) is in the Grasonville area (Fifth District). 142 communit Business District Residences, except trailers, are permitted, well as neighborhood commercial uses and unified shopping centers. )it of the 272 acres zoned B-1, only 48 acres are used for business use S nd the remaining acreage is adjacent to Highway 301 and 50. 2 General Business District - Permits all types of residences and the lomplete range of wholesale and retail businesses. There are 706 acres zoned B-2, of which 142 acres are presently being used for businesses. m-0 Controlled Industrial Districts - Provides for such special uses as observatories and laboratories in complexes, along with residential and farm uses. There is a heavy emphasis on nuclear testing and production. This is the "floating zone", available in the A-1, A-2 and R-1 districts. There is no acreage zoned M-0 in the Districts. M-1 Industrial Park District - Permits light industry and office in parks. Residences and other business not permitted. Out of the 291 acres zoned M-1, there are onl 66 acres used for industry. y M-2 General Industrial District - Provides for most types of industry, along with the business uses as permitted in the B-2 district. Dwellings are prohibited, as are some particularly obnoxious industries. Of the 790 acres zoned M-2, only 94 acres have been developed as industrial. M-3 Maritime District - Permits a wide range of commercial and industrial uses related to the water, but not residences. There are 365 acres zoned M-3 located in the Fourth and Fifth Districts. Within this District, 251.4 acres are not developed for any land usage and only 33.6 acres are used as maritime. In the Fourth District, there are 7,751 platted subdivision lots of which 3,854 have not been developed. Using the figure of 2.8 persons per household, there would be an additional 10,791 persons residing in the Fourth District if the vacant lots were absorbed by the market and developed (Table 51). Similarly, there are 749 vacant residential lots in the Fifth District, which would generate 2,093 additional residents (Table 52). 143 TABLE 51 POPULATION POTENTIAL OF EXISTING PLATTED RESIDENTIAL LAND FOURTH DISTRICT Area Popul-ati on of Lots Lots Estimate* Kent Point Farm 103 65 15,000- 24,000 sq. ft. 182 'Kent Point Manor 35 34 40,000 sq. ft. 95 T r Garden of 203 85 15,000- 33,000 sq. ft. 238 owe the Bay Cove Creek 88 70 35,000-152,000 sq. ft. 196 Romancoke on 426 136 14,250 sq. ft. 381 the Bay Kent Island Estates 1866 375 10,000 sq. ft. 1050 Paradise Island 89 89 72,000 sq. ft. 249 Kent Timbers 5 4 64,600 sq. ft. 11 Anne Colony 301 187 524 Queen Kentmorr Air Park 634 440 5,000 sq. ft. 1232 Butler's Landing 14 5 1 112 - 2 acres 14 Shipping Creek 28 18 1 112 - 3 acres 50 Kentwood 14 3 5 acres 8 Long Creek Farm 17 15 196,000 sq. ft. 42 Chesapeake Estates 154 45 14,875 sq. ft. 126 Sunny Isle of Kent 273 217 9,000 sq. ft. 608 *)",Iomoljak Property 35 21 5 - 18 acres 59 ,latapeake Estates 40 20 22,500 sq. ft. 56 Matapeake Co. Lands 64 50 5,000 sq. ft. 140 Baldwin Acres 24 11 1 - 5 acres 31 Bay City 824 388 16,500 sq. ft. 1087 Cloverfields 972 767 15,000- 17,000 sq. ft. 1893 St. Martins 8 4 1 - 12 acres 11 Castle Marina 81 23 22,000 sq. ft. 64 Harbor View 603 262 12,000- 13,000 sq. ft. 734 Chester Haven Beach 186 185 15,000 sq. ft. 518 Old Pt. Estates 14 10 1 1/2 acres 28 Ches-Lou Village 7 20,000 sq. ft. 0 James B. Brown 12 7 20,000 sq. ft. 20 Subdivision Cal verton 10 3 1 - 4 acres 8 Island View 8 7 1 4.5 acres 20 Roy Golt Farm 22 11 15,000 sq. ft. 31 Marling Farms 439 206 15,000 sq. ft. 577 Benton's Pleasure 126 74 15,000 sq. ft. 207 Chaney Creek Estate 6 4 11 Goose Pt. Estate 16 13 36 TOTAL 7,751 3,854 10,791 144 TABLE 52 POPULATION POTENTIAL OF EXISTING PLATTED RESIDENTIALLAND FIFTH DISTRICT Subdi vi si on Number Vacant Area Population of Lots Lots Estimate* Long Pt. 79 32 20,000 - 22,500 sq. ft. 89 Chester River Beach 252 142 10,000 - 80,000 sq. ft. 398 Winchester Estates 13 0 10,000 - 51,000 sq. ft. 0 White House Acres 33 0 9,000 sq. ft. 0 R & R Development 18 6 20,000+ sq. ft. 17 Hickory Ridge 55 36 1 - 12 acres 101 Governor Grason Manor 119 53 1 112 acres 148 Belle Point Farm 45 23 15,000 65,340 sq. ft. 64 Riverbend Estates 13 5 20,000 sq. ft. 14 Queen Anne Woods 35 34 37,500+sq. ft. 95 M Queen Anne's on Wye 33 9 37,500+sq. ft. 25 Sportsman's Hall 26 18 3/4 - I acre 50 Queen Anne Acres 35 5 1 acre 11 Prospect Bay - 361 320 1 - 5 acres 896 East and West Scottown Road 14 0 34,500 sq. ft. 0 ryce Property 16 6 1 - 30 acres 17 18ohn Brown Road 20 6 1 acre 17 Bennett's Pt. 59 27 5 acres 76 17 9 1 5 acres 25 Windward Cove Wye Island Farms 5 5 10+ acres 14 Blair Woods 10 5 1 112 acres 14 Gadd 5 4 1 112 acres 11 Queen Anne's Estate 6 4 5 6 acres 11 TOTAL 1,239 749 2,093 Assuming 2.8 persons per household Assuming that it would be feasible to extend the public utilities (water, sewer, etc.) or provide community services (education, police, fire, etc.) to all of the platted lots and they were subsequently developed, the Districts would encounter a minimum population increase of 12,884. 145 Land Use Problems 4 The range of land use problems and issues is nearly limitless and an effort to discuss the whole range must inevitably fall short. This part of the land use analysis and inventory will briefly discuss some of the major 6 land use problems affecting the Fourth and Fifth Districts. Perhaps the biggest land use problem facing the Districts is unplanned Such development places a burden on community facilities development. and services and, in most cases, wastes land. In most instances, unplanned development occurs when land is converted from one use to another prematurely. The County is then pressured or forced to provide services such as sewer, police and fire protection, and street maintenance. Providing such services A then leads to further unplanned development which causes the services to be overburdened, and the County finds that 'it has paid a high price for development. The key to combatting unplanned development is an effective planning program carried out by officials who believe in their plans and are willing to stand by them. It cannot be emphasized enough that implementation and the day-to-day decisions made by the County's elected officials and admini- strative staff are crucial to the effectiveness of the planning program. 1he goals, objectives and policies contained in the Comprehensive Plan for the Fourth and Fifth Districts must be reflected in every decision made by the County Commission, the Planning Commission, the Board of Appeals, the various County departments, and others who have an impact on the develop- ment of the County. At the very least, such a planning program would mean that decisions will have been made consciously and deliberately with foreknowledge of the ramifications of the decisions which are made. 146 ff M Uow-ba" Dnsk%on Amr URBAN DESIGN Every year millions of tourists cross the Bay Bridge and travel through the Fourth and Fifth Districts on their way to the vacation beaches along the Atlantic Ocean. The quality of the visual environment which they experience and the visual connotations or feelings concerning the County conveyed to visitors and area residents are important considerations in planning for the future of the Fourth and Fifth Districts. The process of ensuring that the Districts' appearance is attractive as well as functional and efficient is known as Urban Design. This study endeavors to understand a particular place as a visual and functional environment. In the case of the Fourth and Fifth Districts, the study includes understanding the natural environment as well as the man-made or 'built' elements (such as roadways, bridges and buildings). The key part of the study is to evaluate the appropriateness/responsiveness, and 's ual impact, of the man-made elements in relationship to the physical 4bivrionment and the historic setting. To accomplish this a background understanding of how the Fourth and Fifth Districts have developed is appropriate. Blessed with a beautiful natural setting, early settlements were responsive to the estuarine environment. Major settlements were concentrated at two locations -- Stevensville and Queenstown. These locations are well suited for community development, and two very pleasant towns/villages were established. Subsequently, with the construction of Route 50/301 @T- and the Bay Bridge in the 1950's and 1960's development, much of it commercial in nature, shifted to areas adjacent to the Route 50/301 highway right of way. Much of this development was uncoordinated and piecemeal in nature; and, as a result much of the Districts' natural and historic beauty has either been destroyed or disfigured. Lack of sensitivity to the built and natural environment has resulted in misuse of resources, destruction of the estuarine landscape and historic buildings, and construction of nsitive structures. Much of the Route 50/301 corridor can be charac- *rized as an area of visual conflict and poor visual quality. While development is essential it should be responsive to the area's natural 147 and historic settings. For, the nature and quality of the Districts' visual environment has made it a special place to live and visit. This brief introduction outlining the process and concerns of the urban design study is followed by two sections. 0 The first section outlines the issues and opportunities which were identified during the analysis phase. This portion of the study primarily focuses on the existing conditions in the roadway environment. The analysis involves both natural and man-made factors such as topography, landscaping, circulation (vehicular and pedestrian), signage, utilities, and general visual quality. 0 The second section, based upon the identified issues and opportunities, describes and develops the design guidelines. As improvements are made to the Districts, the visual quality of this area of Queen Anne's County will be enhanced. The goal is to encourage developers to strive 0; for a higher level of aesthetics in their projects and provide a framework for developing a unique image and identity through both public and private improvements. These guidelines also establish a base for seeking County and State funding for public improvements. 148 ISSUES AND OPPORTUNITIES The roadway environment in the Fourth and Fifth Districts can be distinctly separated into urban corridor environment, Route 50/301, and rural environ- ment. Each has its own image and "sense of place". The urban corridor environment, Route U.S. 50/301, is plagued with the commercial strip functional and aesthetic problems of the highway. This is evident by the over-indulgence and the lack of coordination in the number of accesses and signs of individual businesses. As with most commercial strip developments, the random development of paving, building and signage results in visual confusion and it conveys to the motorist and visitor a sense of bewilderment. The urban corridor does have periodic and visually important open spaces along its frontage. For the most part, these areas are undevelopable marshland. The unrestricted commercial growth appears to be destroying the inherent visual quality of these remaining open spaces. The rural environment of the Districts is only a few hundred yards distant from the urban corridor environment. For the, most part, it has not,been spoiled by haphazard development. The high visual quality of the rural landscape is due to its feeling of wide open spaces with narrow country roads, scattered farms and small neighborhoods. Yet, it is this area that is endangered by development pressures which has dominated the urban corridor. Addressing these different environments, this analysis separately identifies the following opportunities which are to be addressed by the design concepts. Image/Identity The urban corridor environment's image can best be described as that of a large parking lot. If not for natural features such as Kent Narrows, there would be no means of orientation as one commercial establishment blends into the next. U.S. Route 50/301 accentuates this parking lot appearance with its wide and monotonous alignme nt which is void of points of interest. Without the proper orientation and definition, a quality 149 T nse of space cannot exist. After a dramatic crossing of the Chesapeake Bay, the motorist's arrival into the Fourth District is welcomed only by a small standard sign. The entrance communicates no real sense of arrival or district identity. Numerous opportunities exist to create a sense of identity and upgrade the urban corridor environment's image as a shopping and business environment. 11701 Circulation U.S. Route 50/301 is a major transportation corridor with heavy daily @Z traffic volumes composed of both through and local traffic. Within the C Y 0, j existing commercial areas, efficient traffic controls to regulate the lation do not exist. The parking areas are void of traffic controls circu such as medians and signage. Pedestrians jeopardize their safety by competing with the automobile while walking across parking lots. ,fz@'MThhere are few cross walks along Route 50/301, and this becomes a barrier ft: to pedestrian circulation. Additional service drives and pedestrian overpass walkways would help to facilitate movement across the highway, thus enhancing y safety and accessibilit Although Route 50/301 will continue to have heavy traffic, pedestrians should be given equal opportunity for safe passage between businesses and across streets. With expansion of existing commercial facilities as well as development of new facilities, the Districts have the opportunity to better define vehicular pedestrian circulation and to screen the parking areas from the motorists' view. Landscaping Presently, Route 50/301 is lacking landscape plantings of any significance. Being a flat, wide and visually expansive paved path, landscaping would not help to break up the monotony, but it would help to create a positive * pression. Parking lots and scattered parcels of marshland are the views -'n by the motorist. The views or visual environment for the majority of the businesses adjacent to Route 50/301 are not as attractive. Thei r 4 150 customers' views consist of automobiles, either in parking lots or travelling buildings' service areas. Both views on Route 50/301 or the commercial leave the individual - whether he is a visitor or a resident - with a negative image of the Districts. There is minimal landscaping in the Districts, and sufficient regulations requiring new development to provide appropriate landscape amenities would make the area more attractive. Landscape plantings can screen and modulate parking and service areas and break up the monotony of pavement. Landscaping can be effectively utilized to reduce noise pollution and create visual buffers against nuis- ances, while permitting adequate commercial identification. Signage Signs give directions, locations, ultimatums, and advertisements. They also convey an image and identity. Within the highway corridor of the Districts, there are numerous signs for governments, businesses or public groups. In addition, there are temporary or seasonal signs, such as real estate, seafood, and politics. (These temporary signs are rarely removed once their usefulness has expired.) Numerous billboards are located parallel to Route 301/50, causing confusion and conveying a negative impression to motorists. Even with the existing sign ordinance, Route 50/301 has an information overload, visually cluttered with the varying sign sizes, shapes, colors and placement. The visibility of identification signs is important for a business success. Moreover, a system for coordination of signs is necessary,. The goal is to clarify and control the amount of signage so that important information is not overlooked. Rural Corridors The Districts' rural image is unique with its open expanses of farmland, woods, or marshland. Development is concentrated at intersections and along bay frontage. Opportunities for enhancement of this image exists primarily in landscaping, site design, transitional elements or buffers, 151 architecture and signage. A major concern is the potential expansion of the urban corridor to the rural areas, and the subsequent disruption of their visual quality. Existing scattered commercial uses do not have adequate screening from the road or adjacent residential areas. In areas where commercial uses are appropriate, strict site design controls are needed to prevent the expansion of a strip-commercial appearance. Commercial signs such as billboards are not appropriate along rural roads. Signage should be limited to direct residents to public facilities. With their scale, character and historic architecture, towns such as Stevensville and Queenstown establish a special town character or sense of place. By developing standards for preservation and townscape enhancement, a unique opportunity exists to restore their buildings and revitalize and strengthen the town or village character and identity. Summary Uncontrolled growth has greatly diminished the scenic quality of,the Districts. However, there are still opportunities to arrest the visual problems and to make the Districts visually attractive and memorable, as they were in the past. The following conceptual recommendations are ways to maximize the opportunities for improving the visual environment and image of the Fourth and Fifth Districts. 152 DESIGN GUIDELINES Based upon the visual analysis of the Districts, the following guidelines have been developed. Taken as a group they form a comprehensive means or strategy to preserve the good and improve the not so good in terms of the visual elements or qualities of the Districts. The purpose of these design guidelines is to improve the visual appearance of the Districts and to accentuate a positive and inviting image of the County. Implemen- tation of the guidelines remains with the administrations and people of Queen Anne's County. Medians adjacent parking lanscaped median adjacent structures Landscape Development of Median and Screening of Strip Areas The median strip of Route. 50/301 is wide enough to permit landscape treatments which could soften the visual - harshness of paving and create a sense of space. Low, gentle berming would also improve the attractiveness and relieve the monotony of the median strip. Trees and shrubs can be planted to allow sufficient visibility for the motorist and still be effective as a screen. Small flowering trees and shrubs would add color, visual interest and spatial definition. a. Plantings shall be clustered with a variety of deciduous and evergreen material. b. Plantings shall be located a minimum 10 feet from curb. c. Deciduous trees shall be 30-50 feet apart in each cluster, with a variety of type in order to minimize disease/pest lost. 153 C. Deciduous trees shall be 30q-50 feet apart in each cluster, with a variety of type in order to minimize disease/pest lost. 153 d Plantings should be installed systematically along the entire corridor utilizing a consistent theme. Develop a five year program based on funding. e. Where feasible, provide a berm to a height of three feet. Intersections 11M EM ZE11:4 The major intersections of Route 50/301 need to be defined. This will provide better orientation for motorists and improved image for the entire Route 50/301 corridor. Increased safety for both the motorist and pedestrian will also be one of the benefits when the intersection is better defined. a. Landscaping at each corner of the intersection provides spatial definition, interest and screening of parking. b. Pedestrian facilities would encourage visitors to shop at the Districts' businesses. Pedestrian crosswalks or overpasses are needed at major developed intersections. C. Simplify signalization, overhead utilities and signage to maximize identification and to improve appearance. ... ... ......... .. ... ...... ...... . ...... . .. .... ...... ...... ....... lip 154 ntrances The entry into Queen Anne's County via the Bay Bridge presents a unique opportunity for a "gateway" statement. Whether it is to be a gateway to the County or the eastern shore, there is a need for coordinated statement which simply states to the visitors that Queen Annels County is a special and unique place. Consideration needs to be given to improve the appearance of the entrance. a. Coordinate landscaping and other site improvements with development of industrial and commercial areas at the western entrance into the Districts. b. Signage shall be an appropriate scale to be viewed easily by passing motorists. C. Develop a standard County graphic system as a mans of identification. d. Landscape treatment at entrance needs to be of seasonal interest and be set back to permit adequate sight lines. Road Areas The areas adjacent to the roads needs to receive special consideration. The area adjacent to Route 50/301 requires greater definition and control of vehicular movement to minimize existing problems. Along the Districts' rural roads, there is a need for development controls to prevent problems associated with unrestricted growth. a. Consolidate numerous curb cuts to provide greater,traffic safety and additional parking. b. Standardize widths and turning radi of curb cuts/driveways. C. Wherever possible, provide a continuous service drive in commercial area to increase safety of movement between separate commercial centers. d. Whenever possible, provide landscape planting strips (approximately 11 to 10 feet wide) and plantings of large scale shade trees along existing commercial frontage of Route 50/301. 155 e. Where natural features (such as Macum Creek, Piney Creek and Muddy Creek) cross or are adjacent to Route 50/301, maintain the views of these natural areas; from the highway. Enhance and enframe these vistas with simple landscape plantings - primarily using native deciduous shade and flowering trees. f. Require landscape screening along commercial road frontage in future development. Signage Route 50/301 is-overloaded with signage which causes visual confusion. Public signage (speed limits, traffic control, information signs, etc.) is obscured by commercial signage. The use of legible graphics and more consistent placement of signage, whether public or commercial identification, will improve the effectiveness of communication and the visual quality along the route. a. Initiate a study analyzing jurisdictional responsibilities and actual informational needs for all signage. b. Establish criteria as to size, shape, color, height, style, etc. for all signage. C. Establish administrative review process to assure conformance with adopted criteria. d. Develop a unique graphic style/color for all public signage. e. Provide appropriate signage in surrounding road system designating County government center and key public facilities. f. Provide a unique sign at the County gateway. Sign location is to be coordinated with landscaping and vehicular sight lines. 156 C gil te- r- Parking Areas r -in fill U-71 OEaJ rITT ED! rEp- W3 - - - Hiqkway Are--a Parking areas have dominated the visual environment for the majority of recent development. Few areas exist in which there is an efficiency and clarity of parking space layout and vehicular movement. Landscaping is almost non-existent in the interior of most parking areas. All new commercial and industrial developments (especially adjacent to residential areas) should be required to provide a minimum amount of interior landscaping and screening, while promoting ease of pedestrian access. These requirements will establish a sense of order and reduce visual problems. Accessibility should include provisions for. the handicapped. a. Develop a list of plant material appropriate for use in streetscape envi ronment. Sel ecti on shoul d be based on hardi nes s , pol 1 uti on tolerance, soil adaptability and growth habit. b. Require minimal interior landscaping for all new parking areas or expansion of existing facilities. All parking aisles shall have a landscape island at its terminus or at least every twenty spaces. Island shall be a minimum six feet wide. C. Provide compact and handicapped parking spaces according to new code requirements. -Provide necessary handicapped curb cuts. d. Promote the use of two way circulation and ninety degree angle Oil " IE@ :t- In- parking in commercial areas. e. Require screening (landscaping berm, etc.) of commercial parking areas along all public road frontage. 157 f Require screening of service areas from adjacent residentia, property and public right of ways. g. Provide safe pedestrian circulation within parking areas through use of formal walkways, bollards, landscape islands, signage and crosswalks. Coordinate interior circulations with that of adjacent commercial developments and the crosswalks at major intersections. Rural Preservation r Queen Anne's County's rural environment begins immediately at the edge of Route 301/50. Without proper planning controls, this unique character will be disrupted by the spreading commercial development. scenic areas with its small village and towns and its unique bay ecological environments must be protected by development design standards. the Route 301/50 corridor can be considered "anybody's land" since hundreds of thousands travel through it, it is the rural roadways that are the County resident's "home turf" and require protection. a. Develop screening, setback, and coverage requirements for all development within the rural zones. b. Restrict type and location of commercial development to promote compatibility of adjoining land uses. C. Restrict development of environmentally sensitive areas. 158 d Consider architectural and site design controls for areas such as Stevensville and Queenstown. e. Restrict placement of commercial si( blic right of way. gnage in pu Prohibit billboards in rural areas. f. Inventory effectiveness and access to existing public facilities. Develop a county wide hiker/biker trail system coordinated with residential growth. g. Provide 'waterfront overlooks' at prominent locations (such as Turkey Point, Normans Point, and Love Point), offering physical and/or visual access with the Bay, Eastern Bay and the Chester River. These small overlook points might be coordinated with the hiker/biker trail system. 159 look, OR& vwft 116-.- :-zn q:@o ca d ObjeA"", t v GOALS AND OBJECTIVES The most important part of the Fourth and Fifth Districts' Comprehensive Plan is the establishment of goals and objectives for future development. The goals and objectives were developed as a result of the findings established during the inventory and analysis phase and representing the desire of the Districts' residents as to the future direction of the Districts' development. Many of the goals and objectives are long range considerations which are injected into the determination of short-range actions. The Comprehensive Land Use Plan is designed to accomplish the goals and objectives and to allow for flexibility. LAND USE - GOAL To direct the Districts' growth and development to areas that are appropriate for development by assigning an orderly and efficient utilization of land, while protecting and enhancing the Dstricts' rural and marine environments. LAND USE - OBJECTIVES Coordinate zoning and subdivision actions with water and sewer extension to ensure that land development takes place in accordance with the Compre- hens ive Plan Update for the Districts. Maintain a rate of growth which falls within the County's ability to provide services. Stage development so that capabilities of existing and programmed water, sewer, and storm water utilities are not exceeded. Revitalize existing towns and villages through the maintenance and re-use of existing structures and the elimination of physical blight. Require that all new development meet a high standard of planning, design, and workmanship. 160 Provide good waterfront access for the Districts' residents with minimum impact on the natural environment. Minimize the conflicts between the uses of land and the uses of water. ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT - GOAL To reinforce the Districts' present economic structure based on agriculture, seafood industries, and tourism with supporting diversified light industries and service businesses. ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT - OBJECTIVES Encourage and provide for the upgrade and maintenance of the existing commercial businesses' appearance along Highway 301/50. Locate commercial activities where the vehicular access is adequate and where pedestrian-bike path can be integrated into the design. strengthen the Districts' role as an important agricultural, marine, and recreation center in the regional economy. Direct new commercial development to existing towns and proposed village centers, rather than on scattered sites or highway strips. Attain and maintain a high rate of employment consistent with the Districts' economic role and the skills and occupational desires of the residents. Locate industrial developments to areas where they will minimize disruptive effects on traffic circulation and adjacent land uses. Improve the average incomes of residents through retention and development of business that provides relatively high levels of wages and salaries. Encourage quality industrial employment and industrial parks. Develop a mix of diversified enterprises emphasizing agricultural, marine, 161 and recreation-related businesses that will improve the stability of employment and incomes. Locate proposed village activity centers in areas where they will provide the commercial , social , cultural , educational and recreational needs of the adjacent residential development. Capitalize on the benefits of tourism through development of new visitor attractions and the support of existing tourism related enterprises. ENVIRONMENT - GOAL To protect and preserve the quality of the Districts' environmental quality. ENVIRONMENT - OBJECTIVES Encourage the development of agricultural districts to permit realistic long-term farm planning. Protect the District's agricultural soils through the use of sound management practices. Avoid the unnecessary destruction of environmentally sensitive areas, such as wetlands, floodplains, woodlands, areas with substantial vegetation and wildlife habitats. Conserve existing woodlands and promote reforestation. Preserve tidal and nontidal wetlands and wildlife areas. Protect potable water supplies and aquifer recharge areas. Require the reclamation of lands disturbed by resource extraction, construc- tion, and natural events. Restore and maintain water quality in the Bay and its tributaries in order 162 to provide for the protection and preparation of fish, shellfish, and wildlife, and for human water contact recreation. Encourage the establishment of good wildlife management. Preserve the natural beauty of the waterfront. Preserve the visually open character of the Districts' rural environment. HISTORY - GOAL To protect and preserve the Districts' cultural and historical heritage. HISTORY - OBJECTIVES Attract new businesses, tourists and visitors, stimulate retail sales, and increase sales tax revenues by revitalizing historic significant buildings and neighborhoods. Increase property tax revenues by rehabilitated historic buildings. Stimulate pri.vate investment in the Stevensville and Queenstown area by designating them as historic districts. Publicize the available tax advantages for rehabilitation and restoration of historic properties. Create new jobs in the construction field and later in office, retail, restaurant and tourism activities from renovating historic buildings. HOUSING - GOAL To protect and improve the quality of neighborhoods and residential develop- ments while providing the Districts' residents with safe, healthful, and suitably located housing. 163 HOUSING - OBJECTIVES Encourage neighborhood design which stresses neighborhood quality and which minimizes the cost of subsequent neighborhood maintenance and upkeep to taxpayers. Upgrade the quality of existing and developing neighborhoods with assets and amenities that will ensure stability and provide a sound basis for the protection and enhancement of homeowner equities. Demolish vacant, run-down houses which cannot or will not be upgraded in order to eliminate their blighting influence on the rest of the neighbor- hood. Provide for the expeditious removal of existing incompatible, illegal, or nonconforming uses in existing residential neighborhoods. Assure that future neighborhoods and housing are designed and located to be protected from floods and storm water damage, as well as adverse impacts of excessive noise and vibrations from adjoining uses, and by placing high priority on correcting and preventing such deficiencies in existing neighborhood areas. Provide for the effective transition between residential neighborhoods and adjoining nonresidential uses through the imaginative use of urban design and the development of effective buffering techniques and standards. Provide pUb.lic facilities and services that are responsive to the specific needs generated by the residents of each community. Encourage residential area urban design which preserves as much of the original land form and tree cover as possible. Provide for a compact and contiguous residential,, development pattern that will minimize the costly scatterization of public services, facilities, and util ities. 164 U It U facilities be designed and situated so as to be community assets. Provide local recreation facilities, trails, and bikeways, as well as sidewalks, in neighborhoods at the time of development. Provide housing for low and moderate income households by requiring developers to set aside a prescribed number of housing units within a project at reduced rate. Remove or renovate all substandard housing in the Districts. Upgrade all substandard units by the use of ordinances, enforcement and the fostering of neighborhood pride. Provide opportunity for housing to all income levels. Provide a broad range of housing opportunities and neighborhood choices which can meet the needs of different age groups, family sizes, life styles, and income capabilities. Encourage increased opportunities for homeownership in order to improve the balance of housing opportunities. Continuing to support open housing efforts so that no Queen Anne's residents will be denied housing because of race, color, creed, or national origin. Require that all future multifamily residential buildings be of appropriate fire-resistant construction and provide adequate fire protection facilities. Encourage adequate and visually attractive off-street parking in multifamily areas. Encourage the design of housing and neighborhood areas so as to create safe spaces, minimizing vulnerability to crime and facilitating unobstructed access for emergency vehicles. 165 TRANSPORTATION GOAL To provide a safe, effective and efficient transportation system to maximize accessibility, opportunity, and movement of people and goods. TRANSPORTATION - OBJECTIVES Channel the highway traffic of U.S. Route 50/301 through the Districts safely and expeditiously with as much benefit -to the Districts' economy as can be secured and with a minimum of disturbance to its residents and environment. Retain without substantial change the current network of roads linking community activity centers and larger towns. Keep the road system maintained to a high standard of repair and designed to a high standard of safety. Design, develop and improve the tr ansportation system as a comprehensive network. Enable residents and employees to minimize vehicular miles traveled, as well as total travel time, in order to minimize air pollution and to conserve fuel. Stage the development of 'the transportation system to compliment the overall development of an area. Locate employment areas where adequate access exists or will exist for employees and for goods movement. Coordinate the location of planned industrial sites with trucking routes. Use buffers between transportation facilities and incompatible adjacent land uses. Minimize the introduction of through traffic in residential areas. 166 Minimize the introduction of traffic in environmentally sensitive areas. Improve access to health centers, educational facilities, recreation areas, and employment areas. Develop uninterrupted, nonvehicular circulation systems such as pedestrian walks, hiking trails, bicycle paths, and bridle paths. Encourage fuel conservation through the design of the transportation system and through carpooling and vanpooling. URBAN DESIGN - GOAL To improve the quality of development, strengthen the image of the Districts, promote their heritage and generate community pride. URBAN DESIGN - OBJECTIVES Ensure high standards of construction in all forms of housing, as well as high quality environments for all residential areas. Provide for the revitalization of declining commercial areas through cooper- ative public/private improvements, including urban renewal and the utilization of rehabilitation financing and ordinance techniques. Give proper consideration to the design of community facilities to ensure architectural harmony with surrounding development. Develop employment areas in accordance with the principles of good archi- tectural and site design, with emphasis on the industrial park approach. Improve the visual quality of the District through landscaping and aesthetic improvements of streets, highways, and commercial and industrial areas. Upgrade existing substandard areas through the reasonable application (enforcement) of current codes and ordinances as well as beautification 167 and renewal programs. Create unique identification features at major entranceways to the Districts. Design public buildings to be aesthetically and functionally compatible with their surroundings. Design public buildings to be energy efficient. Preserve and create identifiable communities and a variety of living envir- onments through urban design. Vigorously support the inclusion of public open space such as parks, malls, landscaping, and plazas in the design of new, renewed, or expanded commercial areas. PARK AND RECREATION - GOAL To provide a variety of adequate parks and recreation facilities throughout the Districts. PARK AND RECREATION Encourage the preservation of unique natural areas for eventual park and recreation development in order to maintain the attractive character of the community and to provide leisure opportunities for the population. Work with the school district for a better maintenance and utilization of school grounds and athletic facilities. Study the feasibility of an indoor recreation facility. Reuse and develop landfill areas where transfer stations are now located as community parks. Encourage residential developments to better dev elop, landscape and maintain 168 their neighborhood parks. Acquire property in the most efficient and equitable manner to meet the present and future needs and desires of the residents of the Districts for parks and recreation opportunities. Strengthen the partnership between government and private enterprise by encouraging and assisting the private sector in providing recreation oppor- tunities. PUBLIC UTILITIES - GOAL To provide for public utilities to meet the residential needs in a timely, orderly and cost-efficient manner. PUBLIC UTILITIES OBJECTIVES Coordinate land planning with water and sewerage extensions to ensure that land development does not exceed the County's ability to finance needed services and capital construction. Construct sewer lines with capacities appropriate to the planned development that they will serve. Provide conveniently located parks and facilities for both active and passive recreation to meet the needs and interests of various segments of the Districts. Provide an efficient and innovative system for the collection, disposal, and recycling of solid waste. Coordinate a community water system in all existing and future residential developments. Investigate the idea of acquiring and using the Co rp of Engineers' Chesapeake Bay Model as a community water system, 169 COMMUNITY FACILITIES GOAL To make timel and orderly provisions for community facilities and services y to meet the needs of the residents. COMMUNITY FACILITIES OBJECTIVES Guide population and employment growth to areas in which adequate public f aci 1 i t i es exi st a re to be provi ded by the deVel oper, or are i ncl uded in a federal, state, or county Capital Improvement Program. Develop a Capital Improvement Program which will assign high priority for funds to existing areas that are deficient in community facilities, while concurrently taking measures to pace urban growth in order to reduce the need to provide community facilities and services to new growth areas until presently deficient areas have been brought into conformance with County standards. *Link the Districts' population and employment growth with the County's fiscal ability to provide community facilities and services. Carefully control development in areas where community facilities cannot feasibly be provided or upgraded. Provide facilities and financial assistance that will enable the County Sheriff and Fire Departments to ensure an adequate level of physical safety and personal well-being for all residents of the Districts. Provide facilities that assure comprehensive health care services that are reasonably accessible to all residents of the Districts, and that are designed to provide easy access for handicapped persons. Make new public places, as well as existing public buildings, accessible to the handicapped. Provide appropriate facilities to meet the general and specialized educational 170 needs of residents. improve the delivery of community services through the coordinated planning of facilities and programs. Select appropriate locations for community buildings related to their functions and service areas. Maximize the accessibility of medical, educational, and recreational oppor- tunities by providing limited public transportation. Promote multi-use of the County schools and establish them as centers for community activities. Develop alternative use strategies for unoccupied public buildings. 171 4 Fount u r wt- L ca lw %I d "U" S% Ig Un 'UD FUTURE LAND USE PLAN The Comprehensive Land Use Plan is meant to serve as a guide for future development and to provide a basis for proposed changes made to the zoning and subdivision ordinances which are intended to implement it. The Plan needs to be reviewed, changed and amended on a periodic basis to take account of changing needs. The different land uses identified on the Comprehensive Plan are based on many factors and considerations, including the location and character of existing developments, the environmental suitability, the needs of the Districts, and the availability and adequacy of public utilities and community services. Below is a description of the land uses which are depicted on the Plan. Agriculture Areas - These lands are farming areas of the Districts where the soils have been rated as excellent by the Soil Conservation Service. Farming, forestry and related activities should be encouraged in these areas. Residential development should be limited to one dwelling unit per five acres, with cluster residential development increasing to one dwelling unit per three acres. Conservation Areas - These woodland areas have been identified as having unique vegetation and wildlife and need to be preserved. Residential development should be limited to one dwelling unit to twenty acres. Agricultural Residential - Agricultural areas where residential development should be limited to one dwelling unit per two acres of land. Low-Density Residential Areas - These are areas for residential development and should be located in areas where public utilities (water and sewer) are available. Single family detached and attached housing should be permitted, with a density of one to three units per acre. Cluster development should be encouraged in these areas, 172 Medium-Density Residential Areas These areas are adjacer, P or will have future access to public utilities (water and sewer) and for the most part are located on principal collector streets. The density should range from three to eight units per acre and clustering of the units should be encouraged. High-Density Resi-dential Areas - With a density of eight to twelve units per acre, these areas are located adjacent to existing villages and have access to water and sewer utilities. Highway Commercial Areas - These areas are located adjacent to Highway 50/301 and allow those commercial uses and services which are compatible with a high traffic volume. Village Commercial Areas - These commercial areas are located adjacent to existing (Stevensville, Queenstown, Grasonville and Wye Mills) and encourage those commercial uses of the visual character, scale and neighbor- hoodness of a small town. Proposed Village Centers are areas where there will be a cluster of commercial shopping facilities with other public and semi-public facilities into unified site development. Proposed Village Centers should be the focal point for the newly developing residential areas and will make adequate provisions for a variety of other non-retail commercial uses at appropriate locations should also be made within the area. A higher density of housing will be surrounding the Village Center. The high density housing will take advantage of the village's commercial, cultural and educational faci- lities. The activity center should contain 12 to 15 acres and its service area should be a two to four mile radius and serve three to five residential developments (subdivisions). In the village activity center, a supermarket and a small variety store would serve as anchor of its average gross lease area of 58,000 square feet with other retail outlets, such as a dru gstore, P dilo0 restaurant, stationery store, service station, hardware store, beauty parlor, barber shop, baker, laundry and dry cleaning store. Public facilities 173 would include a nursery school , multi-purpose rooms, medical and dental offices. Open space and recreation facilities may include a plaza, swimming pool, tennis court and village park. The activity center might also include an elementary and junior high school. Maritime - Located along the navigable waterways, these areas are intended to provide the District's maritime industries, businesses, recreation and tourism activities, gift shops, fish markets, canneries, and restaurants should all play an integral part of the maritime areas. Industrial - These areas are located close to Highway 50/301 because of the growing need of truck transport. Industrial parks can gain operating efficiencies and reduce the amount of potential conflicts with adjacent land uses. Public utilities (water and sewer) are also located in close proximity to these sites. Park and Recreation Facilities - The existing and proposed park and recreation facilities are located in areas where there is a higher residential density and good access to its future users. Historic Districts - Within these areas, there is a collection or cluster of historic buildings, structures, sites, objects and spaces that possess integrity of location, design, setting, materials, workmanship, feeling and association. The two areas which show a potential of being designated as historic districts are Stevensville and Queenstown. Redevelopment Areas - Within these areas there are clusters of substandard housing and the need exists for substantial redevelopment. The following steps should be considered: 1. Homes should be brought up to the County housing standards by utilizing systematic code enforcement within these areas, financial assistance (loans and grants), and voluntary efforts. 2. Abandoned and derelict structures within these areas, which are a blighting influence on neighborhoods, should be acquired and 174 demolished. 3. Priority should be given in the allocation of Community Development Block Grant funding to house-related assistance. 4. The redevelopment and expansion of businesses should be encouraged and new business investment promoted. 5. The county should assemble vacant parcels of land to facilitate the development of new housing and related improvements. 6. Overcrowding in redevelopment areas should be eliminated by means of relocation -assistance and the promotion of home ownership opportunities. 175 3 6668 14109 9012