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plon HT 393 .H3 @'o H36 1978 CONTENTS Foreword 3 Preface 4 Abstract 6 Chapter One The Background 7 Chapter Two Trends and Problems 9 Chapter Three General Framework 19 Chapter Four Act 100: The Hawaii State Plan 25 Chapter Five The Next Steps 46 Acknowledgements 47 N, State of Hawaii Department of Planning and Economic Development Hicleto Kono, Director Frank Skrivanek, Deputy Director Cornelius D. Downes, Information Director tzplan CSC 2234 29405-2 Department of Planning ,Ih M -owe 5Ta and Economic Development State of Hawaii 1978 T- KAUAI OAHU NIIHAU STATE OF MOLOKAI HAWAII MAUI LANAI KAHOOLAWE HAWAII FOREWORD The passage of The Hawaii State Plan by the Ninth State Legislature, and my signing of the bill into lawon May22,1978, were significant events in Hawaii's history. Hawaii by these actions became the first State in the Nation to enact a comprehensive State plan setting forth goals, objectives, and policies to guide it into the future. I consider this new law, now Act 100 of the 1978 Session, second in importance only to our State Constitution. The Hawaii State Plan is a logical development growing from earlier pioneering by the State of Hawaii which has given our Islands an international reputation for planning innovation - particularly for our State Land Use Law and subsequent refinements of that law. This reflects a maturity and high degree of professionalism in both our Legislative A Policy Council composed of public and Executive branches of government, members as well as State and County which in turn reflect the practical wisdom Government representatives will discuss and broad political experience of issues and facilitate resolution of Hawaii's people. conflicts. An annual review and provisions The Hawaii State Plan was drafted with for amendment assure that The Hawaii utmost concern for the wishes and State Plan will be continuously in diverse needs of Hawaii's people, and harmony with the needs and desires of with a proper respect for the State's our people and that activities will be limited resources. Hawaii - our people monitored to insure that the plan is being and land, our surrounding waters and carried out. air - is a unique place on the globe. It is Hawaii's resources are limited, so the a very fragile Island community in which plan's priority directions and system of 3 great care must be taken to protect implementation will enable us to achieve priceless values. more efficiently our goals and objectives. After The Hawaii State Plan sets forth The aspirations of the people of Hawaii Hawaii's goals, objectives, and policies are mirrored in The Hawaii State Plan. to provide general direction for our State, An extensive oublic participation effort it further details priority directions which was conducted to involve people indicate areas of Statewide concern throughout the State in the plan's meriting our immediate attention. formulation. Active participation by A system for coordinating the actions of hundreds of our citizens has marked the State and County agencies to implement three-year development of this the plan also is established. Through this document. Provisions for continued system, The Hawaii State Plan acts as an public contributions have been umbrella document. State functional incorporated into the law. plans and programs, and Countygeneral It is this spirit of generous public plans and development plans, fall under participation and cooperation which this umbrella and further define and must continue as The Hawaii State Plan implement the State Plan. is implemented. In this way, we all will share in the privilege of working together for a better future for our State. @a Governor of Hawaii ............... PREFACE The need for The Hawaii State Plan is evident to all who know Hawaii well. Hawaii is blessed with many assets - our multi-ethnic people, magnificent scenic areas, a reasonably stable economy and high standard of living. Not all of these or f blessings were simply providential; many have resulted from determined efforts on the part of Hawaii's people and government to improve conditions in our Ns-- U, Islands and to plan well for the future. While we count our blessings with Zn gratitude, we also recognize that Hawaii U11 nR faces many problems today Immediate R action is required to alleviate them and to meet the changing needs of our communities. Proper management of the State's limited resources is primary and critical. We have only a small land area, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . few raw materials, fragile scenic and natural beauty areas, and limited economic opportunities. Many people are thus rightly concerned about retaining Hawaii's uniqueness and beauty 4r There are also basic human needs which government must often provide for, 11; through direct assistance. However, it is preferable that people provide for themselves. Planning promotes this self- reliance and self-determination through proper and prudent use of Hawaii's 4 resources and through efficient use of the productive efforts of its citizens. The Hawaii State Plan cannot solve all of Hawaii's problems. It is, however, a major tool for problem-solving. To make the best possible use of Hawaii's resources, to deal with the problems and needs of Hawaii's people, and to bring about that Hawaii desired for the future, citizens must work together as a community. Although difficult choices often must be made, The Hawaii State Plan gives citizens and lawmakers an opportunity to determine together their planning priorities and to analyze the trade-offs involved in any comprehensive planning effort. The plan further provides a comprehensive set of State policies 1978) which the Judiciarycan use as reference in its role in adjudicating State law. The Hawaii State Plan is the State's way of promoting a general sense of unity of purpose and direction for all of Hawaii's people through their government. The Hawaii State Plan contained in this book will serve as the single most important guide to the orderly development of the State of Hawaii. IL I I I HIDETO KONO, Director State Department of Planning and Economic Development The Plan Is More 2. The "mere words" of individual platitudinous goals become more than that when read together. For example, Than Mere Words goals include new industry, shoreline protection, historic site protection and environmental preservation. Finding a new The State Plan signed into law by the Governor contains industry that meets the other tests will limit both the nature some 13,000 words. of the industry and its location. Through harkireds of such That makes it nearly as long as the State Constitution which couplings, the seemingly toothless plan begins to develop a Gov. Ariyoshi says it ranks second to. sigr0cant, bite. Others are dismissing the Plan as mere words. We stand 3. The Priority Directions contained in the final portion of with the governor. the Act ftu-ther sharpen the bite mentioned above. For The Plan certainly contains a lot of "motherhood" objec- example: "Encourage urban growth primarily to existing tives that no one can disagree with. For example, it is for "a urban areas ... direct firture urban development away from strong, viable economy ... a desired physical environment . - - critical environment areas ... preserve and improve shoreline physical, social and economic well-being for individuals and open spaces and scenic resources ... manage a growth rate for families in Hawaii." Hawaii's economy that will parallel ftiture employment needs or ah rotect cultural It also ducks controversy. Even a section spmff*g that f Haw Is people . . . p prime agn and Neighbor Island growth rates should be faster than Oahu's aquacultural lands through affirmative and comprehensive was softened to the point of ambiguity, programs. The comment that subsequent public office-holders can 4. There are dozens of such directions as those above. make it what they will has merit, but only to a point. The law provides they shall guide decisions on the state AD things considered, however, the writing and adoption of operating budget and the capital improvements budget. They the State Plan is likely to have a sipificant effect on the Riture also are to guide decisions ofthe State Land Use Commission of Hawaii for these reasons: and the Department of Land and Natural Resources. These 1. Fus% an example. In 1970, Gov. John A. Burns con- are areas of major impact. In addition, LUC will be guided vened a Travel Industry Congress. It had no legal powers for two more years by the interim policy directions Previously whatever. Nevertheless, it brought together people from within adopted by the Legislature, but a staff member sees no con- the travel industry and without, critics included, to debate flict. County general plans are to conflarm with the State Plan its future. by 1982. Still4o-be-adopted state functional plans for state- Of the propositions adopted by that Congress, almost all funded activities such as transportation, agriculture, water, have been followed since as guidelines for that industry. Some tourism, etc., also are to conform. 5 have become law. But many are followed simply because they 5. An intricate but perhaps effective state-counLy balanc- represent both common sense and the apparent consensus ing mechanism has been developed to administer the Plan, of the community. interpret it, and recommend changes. If it works, it may be a The State Plan is apt to have a force beyond the force of law. pattern setter for state-courity problern-solving. It will be recognized as a document, tested in dozens of A State Policy Council is to be created with 18 voting meetings, many hearings, and finally by legislative enactinent, members. Five will be state department heads. Four will be as a compilation of the goals and aspirations that the people the planning directors from each county. Mine public members of Hawaii agree on. will be selected by the governor from panels (three names for each vacancy) nominated by the county mayors and con- firmed by the courtty councils. These seats will be distributed four to Oahu, two each to Hawaii and Maui, one to Kauai. The State Director of Planning and Economic Development will chair the Council, but the public voice will decide when state-county splits develop as they did during the adoption process. it may be far too early to declare the State Plan all that its fondest backers hope. But it seems to us a significant base point from which to try to direct and shape Hawaii's future. It is one that can be revised as experience develops. ABSTRACT The 1978 Hawaii State Legislature passed, and Governor George R. IV, Ariyosh i sig ned i nto law on M ay 22,1978, The Hawaii State Plan as the long-range guide to Hawaii's future. This publication presents The Hawaii State Plan - the law and an explanation of it. The plan establishes for Hawaii an overall theme, goals, objectives, policies, priority directions, and a system for plan formulation and program coordination to provide for the integration of all major State and County activities. Chapter One -The Background -traces the events and activities leading to the plan's development. The plan is a product of the involvement of many-the general public, legislators and other government officials. Further, the plan is based on comprehensive analytic data provided through many technical studies. Chapter Two - Trends and Problems - summarizes existing conditions in the State. It covers concerns over Hawaii's growing population, the need for jobs and a stable economy for Hawaii's people, the desire for quality in Hawaii's physical environment, the need for facility systems to serve Hawaii's people, and the socio-cultural advancement of Hawaii's people. All these provide the foundation for The Hawaii State Plan. 6 Chapter Three presents Act 100 of the 1978 Leg is latu re - The H awai i State Plan itself - which consists of: An Overall Them, which sets forth certain principles or values which are an integral part of Hawaii's society today. /7' Goal Statements, which express desired end-states in the areas of the economy, the physical environment and social well-being. Objectives and Policies in the areas of population, the economy, the physical :00 AW environment, facility systems, and socio -'@i I cultural advancement. Implementation mechanisms designed to carry out The Hawaii State Plan. -- ---- Priority Directilons, which set forth areas of statewide concern that merit immediate attention. Chapter Four - The Next Steps - looks forward to what must be undertaken as 4M the plan is implemented. A_ StateWde Household Survey: A major THE BACKGROUND household survey was conducted on the 41 Islands of Kauai, Oahu, Maui, Molokai, The Hawaii State Legislature in 1975 Lanai and Hawaii. in-person, door-to- formally recognized the continuing need door interviews were conducted with to wisely use Hawaii's limited resources, adults in 1,600 households throughout to increase the effectiveness of public the State during July and August of and private actions, to improve 1976. Resident attitudes were surveyed coordination among different agencies on a number of Statewide and and levels of government, and to guide community issues, including population, the future development of the State. economic development, housing, These concerns led the Legislature to environmental and social concerns. provide for a Statewide planning approach in addressing these areas. It Newspaper articles and a panel Vw-w` was a logical development stemming discussion on public television also from previous legislation which had focused on The Hawaii State Plan. All of given Hawaii an international reputation these provided means to foster a better for excellence and innovativeness in informed public and to stimulate State planning. discussion and contributions to the plan. Through Chapter 225, Hawaii Revised Technical Studies: Technical studies Statutes, the Legislature called for the were conducted in the areas of the development of a comprehensive economy, population, environmental Statewide plan to express the desired concerns, facility systems, and socio- cultural advancement to clarity current long-range future of Hawaii, and for establishment of a system forpolicy plan problems, issues, trends, and formulation and coordination of State opportunities. actions with those of the Counties. In addition, technical findings and The State of Hawaii Department of recommendations from other ongoing Planning and Economic Development studies were utilized. These included the was charged with the formulation of the Statewide Transportation Study, Hawaii plan. A number of activities were Coastal Zone Management Program, undertaken to insure that the plan State Housing Study, Land Resources reflected the needs and desires of Study, Tourism Study Hawaii Water Hawaii's residents and was based on Resources Regional Study and Overall sound technical data. Major activities Economic Development Program. included: Issue Papers: Issue papers which form 7 Inventory of Goals, Objectives and the basis for Priority Directions were Policies: An inventory and review of developed. These issue papers, which existing goals, objectives, and policies are based on The Hawaii State Plan was conducted to better understand technical studies,focuson problemsand State and County planning needs. More conflicts, alternatives, and an evaluation than 44 planning documents, reports, of implications related to the following and studies, including statutory major areas of concern: Economic provisions, were examined during this Stability, Agriculture, Limited Physical effort. Resources, Housing, Social Issues, and Population Issues. Policy Council: Chapter 225 established a Policy Council composed of high-level State and County officials and representatives from the general public. During the development stage of The Hawaii State Plan, the Policy Council was apprised of all activities and findings. The Policy Council has played an invaluable role in the preparation of the State Plan and has actively participated in each stage of its formulation. Public Informational Workshops: Two series of public informational workshops were held throughout the State. The first was held from November 16 to December 7,1976; the second, from July 25 to August 12,1977 Public participation activities were widely MR publicized via newspapers and television. Letters and copies of the draft plan document were sent to all known ,kill community organizations throughout the State and to many individual residents. The workshops were well attended by a broad range of residents, and many were marked by spirited discussions. Summary reports of the comments received were prepared and sent to all participants and members of the Legislature. Public Hearings: Public hearings were held on all the Islands during the period October 11 to 21, 1977. They were wel I publicized with advertisements and other announcements of the hearings appearing in all major newspapers throughout the State.A draft of The Hawaii State Plan was published as a tabloid supplement to major newspapers throughout the State prior to the public hearings. Many comments encompassing concerns on population, overcrowding, environmental changes, jobs, agriculture, the Hawaii lifestyle, the Aloha Spirit and others were received during the hearings, contributing to further improvement in the plan. A su comments was also prepared and sent to members of the Legislature. mmary report of the public hearing Additional Meetings: There was continous dialogue by government officials, private organizations and interested citizens. Slide shows prepared .4 -'T- on The Hawaii State Plan were shown not only at the public informational workshops but to many other groups as well. State Legislature: The active and 8 continuing involvement of the State Legislature was an essential part of the A" development of The Hawaii State Plan. The Legislature was involved in a thorough review of The Hawaii State Plan products. Interim committees were A-to assigned specifically to keep abreast of plan development prior to the legislative session. During the 1978 session, many hearings and workshops were conducted in order to formulate the best possible plan to serve the needs of Hawaii's people. These many contributions helped shape The Hawaii State Plan. All aided in the refinement of a law which is founded upon a solid technical and research base, and is responsive to the concerns of residents throughout the State. J TRENDS AND people increases faster than the ability of Hawaii's economy to generate jobs, PROBLEMS this will increase unemployment and result in more competition for available The Hawaii State Plan was developed jobs. Due to Hawaii's limited supply utilizing detailed analysis.of many issues of usable land, an increasing population and problems. The plan is a major can result in a decline in the use of step in fostering public and private lands for agriculture, open space, response to Statewide problems. It was and scenic purposes. It can lead to born of an appreciation of Hawaii's crowding and congestion on streets and limited resources and an improved understanding of her special problems highways, parks and beaches. Population growth can outpace Hawaii's and needs. ability to finance, develop and maintain Administrative Concerns: Prior to The adequate facilities and services such as Hawaii State Plan, each State agency schools, highways, police protection, and County approached its problems sewer and water systems, housing, and and areas of concern somewhat health care. independently Interaction occurred Hawaii's history and development often, of course, but rarely with full have been determined, to a large extent, coordination among all parties by in-migration from many parts of the affected. Each functional agency and world. This in-migration stimulated the each government level looked at their progress and prosperity that nearly problems from their particular point everyone shares. The State's multi- of view, with built-in institutional biases. cultural heritage and the diverse As planning efforts multiplied, proposed backgrounds of its people have solutions to problems also multiplied, contributed to the special flavor of With this came overlaps in responsibilities life in Hawaii. and often, divergent or opposite ___ am It is difficult for many to understand the 0 bjectives with no room for resolution. problem of "excessive" population A great need existed to develop a growth. And even if a consensus were mechanism for moving the State in a reached that, at a certain point, population coordinated manner toward agreed upon goals and objectives. With growing growth would be "excessive," it is difficult awareness of the limitations of State to influence this growth. There are basic resources and the realization that constitutional and philosophical issues agencies cannot act in isolation involved, as well as pressing economic 9 oblivious to others, the need for The influences. If population growth slows Hawaii State Plan came into clear focus. down too much, undesirable economic and social effects can result: economic Ad&iiWQ- 14@4' *01 In order to develop the Statewide recessions, excessive out-migration, an objectives and policies, substantial unattractive investment climate, and lack research was required. A summary of revenues to pay for needed public discussion of the problems facing the services. Islands today is discussed in the next Hawaii's population grew at a rate twice section. as fast as the average rate of the entire PopulationHawaii's growing United States from 1960 to 1975. About population and the needs created by this half of this increase came from in- growth affect every aspect of Island migration. The rate of in-migration from living. If the number of employable the Mainland is generally sensitive to economic conditions in Hawaii. During periods of high unemployment, "6jaak=tJ movement of people to Hawaii from the Mainland slows down. The opposite also holds true. During periods of sustained economic growth, for example, between 1968 and 1972, in-migration from the Mainland increased. Another factor to be considered is the composition of new in- migrants. Those from the Mainland tend to be young adults, many with families, A60 highly educated and skilled, and in high The EconoMy Hawaii's economy status occupations, all of which increases is becoming less diversified and more job competition. reliant on a few major industries. These On the other hand, in-migration of industries are tourism, defense and other foreigners to Hawaii is less sensitive to Federal spending, sugar, and pineapple. economic conditions in the State. The first two categories provide Foreigners have continued to come to 81 percent of the State's total income. Hawaii at a fairly constant rate, from These two activities are highly sensitive 4,000 to 6,000 each year. New arrivals to national and international economic from foreign countries have special fluctuations. Hawaii is becoming adjustment problems. The presence of increasingly vulnerable to recessions relatives and friends in Hawaii can help because these industries are largely during this transition period, but there beyond the State's control and influence. exists a great need for services and The trend toward periodic boom and bust programs to assist foreign in-migrants. cycles may prove to be very disruptive Another factor is that a large proportion to the local economy of recent aliens entering the United A related concern is the need for States are also highly trained, due to the immediate employment opportunities. nature of immigration laws. Although Hawaii's unemployment rate While Hawaii continues to accommodate has been dropping, it had been too a large number of in-migrants, the high for a long period of time. While demographic characteristics of the the search for promising new industries resident population are also changing. to diversify the economy goes on, There is an increasing trend toward a continuing and perhaps increased more cosmopolitan population in Hawaii. dependence on tourism and Federal The percent of interracial marriages per expenditures in the short run may be yearhas increasedfrom33 percentinthe necessary. 1967-1968 period to over 40 percent Tourism: Tourism is the largest generator in 1974. The fastest growing segments of civilian jobs in Hawaii. The visitor of the resident population are those in industry has good potential for the 25-34 age group and the 65-years- continued growth and will probably and-over group. The school-age group, provide a sizable share of future jobs. those 5 to 17, had the lowest rate of But tourism is subject to economic increase. These demographic trends instability. A drop in the numberof visitors indicate possible changes in the type to Hawaii could be caused by a national of services and programs which will be recession, incidents of rime, airline 1g, required in the future. strikes, or international oil crises. Due to Oahu continues to be the major its size and influence, uneven growth in population center in Hawaii, with tourism can also contribute to boom/bust approximately 81.5 percent of the total cycles in construction and related resident population. Since 1970, activities. Another concern is that wage however, population growth on the rates in the tourism industry are lower Neighbor Islands has increased. than average rates throughout the State. Between 1970 and 1975, the resident Defense Spending: In terms of population increased by 117 percent on employment and overseas income, Oahu and 15.1 percent on the Neighbor defense is Hawaii's second most Islands. important industry Defense activities are These trends may have to continue in expected to stabilize or grow slowly in the that a continued concentration of the future. The defense industry has been population and economy on Oahu may subject to frequent fluctuations in the soon cause resource shortages for Oahu past, and has affected Hawaii's economy and higher unemployment for the and employment. Since 1960, for Neighbor Islands. example, the number of military personnel stationed in Hawaii has fluctuated a total of five times by over 5,000 people. These fluctuations in the defense industry are largely beyond State control and influence. Other Federal Spending: Federal spending, excluding defense, is the third largest source of overseas income to the State. Federal spending includes funds used for highways, ML- airports, harbors, welfare payments, revenue sharing, and educational programs. Such non-military Federal spending is nearly as great as defense spending and almost double the combined sales from sugar and pineapple. Growth in Federal expenditures will probably be lower than the average 8 to 9 percent annual growth the development of new economic that occurred between 1968 and 1975. activities that show signs of capacity for This will affect all sectors of Hawaii's growth. These locally-based activities economy dependent on Federal include apparel and textile manufacturing, spending for a sizable portion of commerical fishing, aquaculture, their revenues. precious coral, motion picture and Sugar Industry: It is expected that the television production, and astronomy sugar industry will remain relatively The promotion of Hawaii as a center for healthy in the short term. This health is Pacific regional headquarters also largely due to research and technology shows promise. Those fields with long- efforts which have resulted in high term growth potential include energy sugar yields per acre. development, and manganese nodule There are, however, major problems mining and processing. Problems restricting growth of potential industries which could threaten the sugar industry include: a small Hawaii market; in Hawaii. Increasing competition from competition from producers outside of foreign producers, sugar substitutes, and Hawaii; high costs in supplying overseas high labor and land costs have affected markets; lack of raw materials in Hawaii; Hawaii's sugar industry. The lap 3e of the high land, labor, and material costs in 40-year-old SugarAct in 1974 introduced Hawaii; and high overseas shipping a new element of instability into Hawaii's costs. Growth in new industries is economy. necessa!y to further diversify Hawaii's Sugar substitutes, especially high- economic base, thereby increasing fructose corn syrup, may pose serious economic stability competition to Hawaii's sugar industry Economic projections indicate - as of High-fructose corn syrup is a substitute m id-1 978 - that H awai i's overal I for regular sugar; it sells for less, 'is more growth rate will probably decrease profitable, and is constrained only by somewhat due to an anticipated slow- available processing capacity The down in the rate of growth of tourism, market penetration by sugar substitutes defense, and Federal civilian spending. can be expected to increase substantially @ven though Hawaii's economic growth and the sugar industry on Oahu could rate is expected to slow, the average suffer major declines due to severe amount of growth peryear is notexpected competition for land and water. to differ much from past years. Pineapple Industry: Hawaii's pineapple 12 industry which has been declining Physical Environment in its share of the world market, Hawaii is blessed with many in its acreage, production, and environmental assets: natural beauty, employment, seems now to have scenic vistas,open spaces, unusual flora stabilized and should be encouraged to and fauna, mountain, valley and continue and expand its Hawaii shoreline areas, historic sites, and a operations. More recently fresh clean living environment. These assets, pineapple sales have been increasing necessary for economic growth in the rapidly and total sales have held up well Islands, are also limited. Hawaii's because of price increases for canned environment is both unique and fragile. pineapple. The market for fresh Many environmental problems are pineapple on the Mainland has a high potential for future growth. Hawaii has an caused by the effects of continued important locational advantage as well population and economic growth, the kind of growth that changes because of its proximity to the Mainland -e-- the natural environment and consumes F market relative to foreign competitors, resources beyond their adaptive or and the perishability of fresh pineapple- regenerative abilities. While some Diversified Agriculture: The growth population and economic growth is of Hawaii's diversified agriculture essential, additional actions need to be industry is restricted by a number of taken to minimize harmful consequences problems, most of which are very to the environment. Land, air, and ocean difficult to eliminate. Major problems resources are utilized to accommodate include a small local market which the needs of the State's people and its cannot support large-scale mechanized communities. Prudent use of these operations; competition from overseas limited resources, combined with other producers who can absorb transportation supportive measures, can prevent costs and undersell Hawaii products; environmental degradation and depletion. high labor, land, and material costs in Environmental quality problems are also Hawaii; and high overseas shipping caused by the introduction of harmful costs. A large proportion of future growth chemicals and debris into the in diversified agriculture will probably atmosphere and water Air pollution is be for export; however, there is concern caused by tens of thousands of vehicles; that Hawaii should increase its byfuel combustion at stationary sources; agricultural self-sufficiency as well. by industrial waste; and by agricultural Potential Growth Activities: A major field burning. Water pollution is caused by potential for Hawaii's economy is erosion and sedimentation; by solid and OPW Al 41 ji, Al ""4 AT '41 liquid waste disposal; and by drainage Ail Neighbor Island Counties have and runoff. Environmental quality adequate water resources to meet problems pose a threat to public health projected needs. The major problems and safety They can result in air facing these Neighbor Island Counties contamination, natural disasters, health are the development of water sources and transmission facilities. Another problems, water supply contamination, and loss of soil and water resources. problem in certain rural areas is providing drinking water that meets national water sion Facility System The provi quality standards. On Oahu, concern of public facility systems in Hawaii is focuses on the diminishing supply of closely related to a number of problems easily developable groundwater. Given estimates of presently known sources and needs. Some of these include population growth and distribution, and existing demands on these sources, Lr. economic development, employment, it appears that not only is most of the environmental quality housing and accessible ground water being used community development, public health now, but also that if present trends and safety. It is necessary that public continue, the total estimated traditional facility systems be supportive of public supply sources can only support an policy and - combined with other increase in demand through the end government tools - be used to achieve of this century desired and beneficial results. These Transportation Facilities: Another facility systems include waste treatment basic and critical facility system, and disposal, water source and delivery; in addition to solid and liquid waste transportation, energy and public utility disposal and water supply, is an systems. integrated transportation system. Government's ability to provide public facilities to accommodate growing Due to the size, magnitude, and impact of transportation facilities in the State, it community needs continues to be constrained by limited resources. To is important that transportation planning nd to increase the am-o-unt of be integrated and coordinated with better use a several related public functions. resources, government must expand its efforts in many areas. For example, Transportation significantly affects, and alternative funding sources or other is affected by, several areas of public funding schemes must be utilized. Room policy Transportation facilities are used for improvement is also available in to promote desirable physical 14 coordinating government services and development patterns and economic -4- in designing facilities for efficient use. activities throughout different parts of the State. Transportation facilities are Solid and Uquid Waste Disposal: Facilities for solid and liquid waste necessary for economic development, lic particularly in the visitor and agricultural disposal are designed to protect pub industries. In addition, motor vehicles, health and sanitation. These problems aircraft, vessels, and other transportation are especially severe in high density units contribute a substantial share of areas where the natural environment is not capable of assimilating certain air pollutant emissions: 6 percent of sulphur oxides, 6 percent of waste products. With increased particulates, 83 percent of carbon consumption and wastes and the introduction of synthetic materials which monoxide, 63 percent of hydrocarbons, are not bio-degradable, the need for and 62 percent of nitrogen oxides (1970 adequate disposal systems continues to data). Transportation units accounted for grow. Disposal facilities are also viewed 60 percent of gross energy consumption as a technique for influencing selective growth, water-quality protection, and potential sources for energy and water. Water Supply: Water is a basic and critical resource for Hawaii's survival and development. Adequate water PF source, treatment and delivery systems are necessary to meet domestic needs. Economic development, particularly in the agricultural sector, is highly dependent on the availability of a dependable supply of reasonably priced water Since available water sources are not limitless, concern has been expressed because municipal water demand and per capita consumption have increased in all Counties since 1960. Current agricultural water demands, moreover, are approximately six times the water demands for domestic users. in 1972. It is necessary that and gap groups. Over 80,000 additional transportation planning be integrated dwelling units will be needed in Hawaii and coordinated with related concerns by 1985 if population growth continues which affect the health and well-being as expected. of our citizens. Health: There is a need for better Energy and Public Utility Facilities: services and facilities for the prevention Energy and public utility facilities and treatment of physical and mental provide services which are essential health problems. Accessibility to such to Hawaii's modern standard of services and facilities is a major concern living. For this reason, government has both in terms of health care costs and assumed an active role in the adequate transportation. Medical care development and regulation of these costs have been rising faster than the W services. This governmental role has Consumer Price Index, indicating that a increased substantially in light of recent larger portion of the family budget must international conditions which have be allocated for health care needs. contributed to unstable and Recent trends toward specialized costly sources of oil. treatment and facilities have resulted in 4% Hawaii is almost totally dependent on the development of centralized regional imported crude oil and petroleum medical centers, chiefly on Oahu. products for its energy needs. In 1976 the Adequate transportation to these centers airlines (35 percent), electric utilities is difficult for the elderly, handicapped, (33 percent), and service stations (15 disabled, and Neighbor Island residents. percent) accounted for most energy Education: The greatest aid to increased sales in the State. The need for self-sufficiency for our present and future dependable and reasonably-priced generations is education, sources of energy is critical to the future Hawaii's educational system has development of the State. Potential expanded over the past two decades in energy sources include geothermal response to growing community needs. 4@ energy, wind energy, bioconversion, solar Rising costs, however, have made it radiation, and ocean energy These difficult to satisfy all educational needs. efforts must be - and are being - The average cost per student for public J expanded and accelerated to provide elementary and secondary education more dependable sources of energy that has risen from $988 in 1970 to can meet public health, safety, economic, $1,305 in 1975. At the same time a larger and environmental needs. cross-section of Hawaii's population is 15 Socio-Cultural taking advantage of educational opportunities. In 1975 there were over Advancement Society placesa 44,700 persons enrolled in regular high value on self-reliance for each daytime credit courses and approximately individual. Satisfying employment and 62,000 persons enrolled in other courses adequate income should provide each at the University of Hawaii and individual with the opportunities to fulfill community colleges. The Department of his or her needs and aspirations. Basic Education's adult education program needs include adequate food, clothing, offered 3,800 classes in 223 centers shelter, health care, and a purposeful throughout the State. Over 66,000 life. Education, social services, culture, persons were enrolled in these adult and leisure provide the basis for education classes. In addition to public personal well-being. Society, through its institutions, there are many private government, assumes responsibility for schools, including two universities, a the protection of individual rights, number of colleges, and scores of community values and public safety. elementary, trade, technical and Housing: Housing continues to be a vocational schools serving a significant problem in Hawaii, although outstanding proportion of the State's population. improvements have been made during There are a number of reasons why a the past five years. The number of public and private educational system households in Hawaii increased by that is highly accessible and offers approximately 42,000 between 1970 and freedom of choice is essential for 1975, while at the same time, average Hawaii's people. Education is necessary household size decreased. A related for job preparation and enables Hawaii's trend has been changes in population residents to adapt to changing composition. As a result two groups have employment demands. Education is grown at a much faster rate than the used to pursue a great variety of personal, population as a whole. Those in the 25-34 recreational, and cultural interests. age group represent a major market for Education facilitates adjustment to life in new housing since they are in the prime the Islands, particularly for immigrant household formation stage. The second groups. Bearing in mind the many group, the elderly population, will purposes for education, it is important continue to increase and will require that curriculum development and course housing designed to meet their special offerings be responsive to individual and needs. It is expected that government community needs and desires. assistance will continue for low income Social Services Delivery: The quality of Leisure-Time Activities: Hawaii's mild any society is judged by its concern for climate, natural beauty, and multi-cultural its disadvantaged members. Social heritage contribute to the quality and services are provided to promote diversity of leisure time activities in the individual initiative, self-reliance, and self- Islands. Recreation has traditionally esteem. Motivation is an important step been oriented toward the sea, with most toward increased self-sufficiency; activities occurring at shoreline areas or Motivation is an inner desire to improve in offshore waters. The most popular one's condition. A primary means to activities are swimming and sunbathing, achieve self-sufficiency is to participate followed by walking for pleasure and actively in the labor force. Social services jogging, picnicking, bicycling, and are designed to alleviate immediate participation in competitive sports.These dependency problems by helping citizens activities require parklands, facilities enter the labor force and to reach a recreational programs, and trained minimum level of comfort and security personnel. r At the same time, social services focus Although the demand for shoreline on increasing individual and family recreation is very high, less than 2,300 capacity by fostering progress toward acres of parklands are located along self-sufficiency There is a substantially large group, sometimes ranging as high Hawaii's beachfront areas. An additional 4,936 acres are available for community as 12 to 15 percent of the total population and neighborhood parks. The high cost that requires some form of support. This of land acquisition and improvements ------- dependent group exhibits certain make it difficult to satisfy all the characteristics which limit its ability to be recreational demands. Increased more self-sufficient. attendance at organized sport events, The "chronically disadvantaged" are concerts, museums, monuments, scenic ... .... those with a limited capacity to participate and cultural places, and parks indicate successfully in society They are an interest in spectatorand indoor leisure t generally unemployed, have lower activities as well. incomes, lower educational levels, are Participation in the musical, theatrical, less likely to be married, have limited literary and visual arts has also been skills,and are more likelyto have physical gaining popularity While these are not or mental health problems. These exclusively leisure time activities, the individuals and their families experience rising interest in these activities indicates a variety of problems, making it more a growing desire for self-fulfillment and 16 -supporting the development of creative potentials. difficult for them to be self in the future. Hawaii's people are in some degree 0 The "conditionally disadvantaged" are isolated geographically from the those who have the capacity to participate maintreams of world cultural activities. fully in society with some supportive Government can assist in overcoming assistance. They are generally new this problem in part by promoting entrants to the labor force, less skilled national and international relationships. than the general population, younger Government support also serves as a than the average worker, less likely to catalyst by increasing local initiative and be married, have similar educational fostering private funding for the arts so levels as the general population, include that greater numbers can enjoy and recent migrants to Hawaii, and have no participate in the creative arts. physical and mental disabilities. This group can be expected to respond more positively to programs and assistance which promote increased self-sufficiency. Rising costs for social insurance and welfare services make it increasingly more difficult to provide adequate services to all dependent groups. High unemployment, high divorce rates, social and family stress, and cost of living have all contributed to increasing demands for social services. Since 1970, public welfare costs have more than doubled, 77 food stamp payments have increased twelve fold, social security payments have doubled, and unemployment insurance payments have increased three fold. The cost of providing such needed services is continually rising. Aid -WWI% Age 41 LL F,4 46v @v@ Public Safety and Protection of Individual Rights: Public safety and the protection of individual rights are fundamental government responsibilities. These functions include the protection of life and property, social justice and rehabilitation, securityand preparedness for man-made and natural disasters, protection from illegal and unfair actions, and equal protection and treatment under the law. Protection of these constitutional rights is necessary for society to progress and prosper. Under this protection people can pursue their aspirations in an orderly manner while, at the same time, recognizing the rights of each other and the needs of society Cultural Heritage: Hawaii's mostvaluable asset is its people. They comprise a great variety of cultural and ethnic groups in the Islands. Historical sites, artifacts, customs, traditions, and language are part of Hawaii's multi-cultural heritage. Hawaii's cultures are also viewed as dynamic entities that transmit values, beliefs, identity, and knowledge through the generations, assist each other in times of need, and promote socialization. Cultural and ethnic groups adapt and respond to different conditions in the interest of its members'economic, social, psychologica:, and physical well-being. -V zi M-51 0,R"M@1T. 1 There are indications, however, that the AB process of assimilation and adjustment to modern living is lessening cultural and 18 ethnic group influences. It is important to realize that without a strong desire by Hawaii's people to maintain their cultural and ethnic ties on an individual and family level, there is little that government can do to support the 4 Al N influences of cultural and ethnic groups. W 4@, M -M, The basic institutions that transmit culture through the generations are the 3,g family and the extended family network. The degree of influence exerted by 'M cultural and ethnic groups is highly related to changes within the family and extended family Recent trends include 7 - declining household size, increasing divorce rates, and declining birth rates. While urban living offers many __7 advantages, it is also associated with the loss of importance of extended family and neighborhood groups. The rising costs of living and expansion in Hawaii's services sectors have resulted in increasing female participation in the labor force. These trends indicate basic changes in the family and extended family network which can weaken cultural and ethnic group associations. These Statewide problems and issues are addressed through The Hawaii State Plan and spurred the legislative adoption of this plan. THE GENERAL Overall ThemeThe Overall Theme encompasses several basic FRAMEWORK principles orvalueswhich arean integral part of Hawaii's society These range The Hawaii State Plan consists of three parts: from the right of every individual and family to be independent and self-reliant Part I presents the overall theme, a to the acknowledgement of the statementof principles and values,goals, interdependence of every member of the objectives and policies which are long- communityWhile independenceand the term comprehensive guides forthefuture freedom of individuals and families to of the State. pursue personal interests and goals is important, this must be viewed within a Part 11 establishes a system designed to coordinate public planning and social context; that is, these activities programming in order to implement The should not be detrimental to the Hawaii State Plan policies and priorities. community as a whole. There is a need Part III contains priority directions which to retain many values traditional to Hawaii's culture such as ohana and the represent the short-term priority actions for the State. Aloha Spifit- attitudes of tolerance, respect and cooperation which help keep Hawaii a desirable place in which to live. Many changes are confronting the State and while we cannot stop change, we must continue to make attempts to preserve values important to Hawaii's people. Fostering social responsibility and caring for others and the well-being of the community are values which will enhance life in the Islands. The Overall Theme further expresses the right of individuals to choose and to have opportunities for choice available to them. This is in order that people may choose their own levels of fulfillment k these out. and see 19 Ail Goals, Objectives and Policies Goals for the State are mam set forth in the areas of the economy, the physical environment, and physical, social and economic well-being. These reflect ultimate ideal end-states and describe desired social, economic and physical conditions to be sought for Hawaii's people. The following three Goals describe the social, economic, and physical conditions Hawaii should be moving toward: "A strong, viable economy, characterized by stability, diversity, and growth, that enables the fulfillment of the needs and expectations of Hawaii's present and future generations." "A desired physical environment, characterized by beauty, cleanliness, .... ....... quiet, stable natural systems, and uniqueness, that enhances the mental and physical well-being of the people" "Physical, social, and economic well- being, for individuals and families in Hawaii, that nourishes a sense of community responsibility, of caring and of participation in community life' These statements express a commitment to people and communities, to the environment, and to the economy Objectives and Policies are set forth covering the areas of population, the economy, the physical environment, IW, 11. ECONOMY � General 9 Federal Expenditures � Agriculture e Potential Growth � Visitor Industry Activities 40. ,g@ 20 0 cd LL Z@,,A ca a) "OR ?D E m E 15 0 OVERALLTHEME tzplan facility systems and socio-cultural ImplementationThroughoutthe advancement. development of the State Plan, it was felt Objectives reflect end-states toward that the task of implementing all of the which concentrated effort is focused and policies would require all State agencies which, when attained, will represent a as well as the Counties, working in a step toward the achievement of related coordinated manner, to effect goals. Policies are courses of action implementation. As such, implementation carried out in order to achieve related is designed to direct all public activities objectives. and to coordinate them in an efficient Given the State's limited resources, all and effective manner. policies cannot be implemented The implementation mechanisms of The simultaneously The order in which they Hawaii State Plan are: are implemented and the commitment The Policy Council, composed of State, given to each will depend on the County and public representatives, problems and the situation at a particular provides a unique forum for the time. The mechanisms established exchange of information, the discussion through The Hawaii State Plan guide the of State and County activities, and the order of these policies and set the means opportunity to facilitate the resolution of to carry them out. conflicts. MEN The State Department of Planning and Economic Development carries out a .THE HAWAII STATE PLAIT number of responsibilities including providing technical assistance to the PRIORITY DIRECTIONS Policy Council, performing Statewide policy analysis, and providing analysis, review and recommendations on all V V V State Plan matters. Functional Plans provide more detail to V FSTATE the State Plan by addressing specific V FUN CTIONAL GENERAL topic areas such as agriculture, tourism, PLANS Poo-: PLANS- transportation and housing on a Statewide basis. State Functional Plans V Major Features of These Relationships: are to define, implement and be in formulation and amendment of State conformance with the Overall Theme, 21 Functional Plans must conform to the State Plan Goals, Objectives, Policies and Priority and utilize County General Plans as guidelines. Directions in-the State Plan. Upon findings of overriding Statewide concern, County General Plans address the the Legislature may determine the site for a unique problems and needs of each specific project, as called forin a State Functional County and indicate desired population Plan, to be other than that designated on the and physical development patterns for County General Plan. each County County General Plans are 7he formulation, amendment, and to further define, implement and be in implementation of County General Plans must conformance with the Overall Theme, conform to the State Plan and utilize as guidelines the State Functional Plans. Goals, Objectives, Policies and Priority Amendments to the County General Plans shall Directions contained in the plan. not be contrary to County Charters. State Programs provide the projects and State programs must conform to the State Plan activities which are designed to carry out and State Functional Plans. provisions of The Hawaii State Plan. The Annual Review and Report provides for assessment of progress made in carrying out The Hawaii State Plan and for improvements to be made to further implement the plan. Annual public informational meetings are to be held throughout the State to insure essential public input. The Hawaii State Plan further describes the interrelationships of these various mechanisms. They are coordinated to implement the State Plan and complement each other to form a Statewide planning system. The following provides additional information on each of these mechanisms. Policy Council: The body primarily responsible for the implementation of the State Plan is called the Policy Council. partment of Planning and Economic velopment: This agency as the State planning agency will provide staff services and technical assistance to the Policy Council, as well as technical assistance and advice on all State Plan matters to State functional and program agencies, the Counties, the Legislature and the Governor. State Functional Plans: State Functional Plans concern themselves with one specific topic area on a Statewide basis. For instance, the transportation functional plan develops the basic inter- and intra-Island transportation throughout the State. As for the mandate to produce these plans, the State Plan calls for Statewide functional plans on It is made up of 13 State officials, each concerned with some specific agriculture, housing, tourism, area of concern such as health, transportation,conservation lands, education or land use; the four County education, energy, higher education, planning directors, and nine members health, historic preservation, recreation, selected from the public. The basic role and water resource development over of the Policy Council is to provide a forum the next two years. The plans will be for discussion. The Policy Council will thoroughly reviewed by both the Policy W 11111M, review State Functional Plans, County Council and the Department of Planning General Plans, State Programs, and all and Economic Development to insure other major public or private activities. that each functional plan further details Through the discussion of these the policies of the State Plan, seriously elements, better products, more in line considers and utilizes as a basis all with the directions of the State Plan, County General Plans, and contains can be developed. No longer will a other requirements as delineated in the transportation plan be developed State Plan. During these reviews, without full input from all other areas of cooperation and coordination with other concern. No longer can State Functional agencies will be encouraged. Should 22 Plans be developed without serious any conflicts arise they will be identified input from the Counties, and no longer early and hopefully lead to easier will County General Plans be developed resolution than occurs presently oblivious to the resources of the State County General Plans: Each County has and its ability to assist Counties in developed or, as in the case of Maui, is meeting their needs. These discussions presently developing, a County-wide are also the critical moments at which general plan. Unlike functional plans, the conflicts will be addressed and a general plans are comprehensive in their comprehensive perspective of the topic area coverage. They deal with all problems taken. If, for example, the City areas from land use to social services. and County of Honolulu and the State County involvement in the State Plan Department of Transportation disagree process is critically important. Each on how best to satisfy commuter needs, County is unique and requires an it is at these Policy Council meetings understanding that may not always be that high level, intensive discussion can available at the State level. County take place. planning officials are often closer to Another function the Policy Council will many of the more immediate needs of perform is to advise the Legislature and Hawaii's people. They also understand administrative bodies of each level of that these needs must be tempered by government in approaching and the reality of the limits of the State's resolving their major concerns. However, resources and bythe resource allocation more important than conflict resolution role played by the State agencies. The is the promise of this body to coordinate County General Plans are to utilize as the work of its individual members to guidelines the Statewide objectives, reduce overlaps, to increase policies and programs stipulated in participation in policy-making, and then State Functional Plans. to move Hawaii in a unified manner Together, County General Plans and towards its objectives and goals. State Functional Plans complement each other to form a very detailed step in the implementation of the more general State Plan. State Programs: State Programs, such as the State clearinghouse process for Federal ly-fu nded programs, capital improvements, coastal zone f 7 lk j7 41, CA) management, and the land use and THE LEGISLATIVE CONTRIBUTION management programs under the State Land Use Commission and Board of Land and Natural Resources, are another major element in the odd&& implementation of the State Plan. These programs do not fall under the responsibilities of the State functional plans, but like the functional plans, they deal with the regulation and allocation of State resources. They also must be brought in line with the directions of the State policies and be closely reviewed to ensure coordination and cooperation with other State and County efforts. Annual Review and Report: Continual monitoring and updating of The Hawaii State Plan is provided for through an John T Ushijima James H. Wakatsuki annual review and report. Provisions are Senate President Speaker, House of included to insure Statewide public Representatives scrutiny of the report. This report is to be submitted to the Legislature, Mayors and the County Councils each year. Prioritv DirectionS The purpose of the final part of The Hawaii State I`!am - is to indicate Plan - Priority Directions priorities for The Hawaii State Plan policies and to provide the immediate focus for public and private actions in order to address the major statewide problems in Hawaii. The Priority Directions are an integral part of the 24 implementation of The Hawaii State Plan. 0 They cover Statewide, interrelated Sen. Francis A. Wong Rep. Kenneth S. Kiyabu problems and present recommendations Chakman, Senate Intelim Chairman House Committee that neither functional plans (because of Committee on 7he Hawaii State Plan on State General Planning their specific, functional focus) nor general plans (because of their regional The Hawaii State Plan was passed by the Legislature of the State of Hawaii focus) can provide. Whereas the on April 14,1978,and signed into lawasAct 100 by Governor George R.Ariyoshi on Objectives and Policies are long range May 22,1978. The passage of the State Plan was supported by the leadership of and comprehensive, Priority Directions both the Senate and the House of Representatives. focus on today's major problems and The plan was passed first in the Senate. Senator Francis Wong motioned for require immediate attention. It is through adoption, a motion seconded by Senator Jean King. Senator Wong then offered this element of The Hawaii State Plan the following statements on behalf of the bill: that the Legislature expresses its major ". . . the Hawaii State Plan is long overdue. There is a need for us to plan concerns. comprehensively for Hawaii's future rather than reacting to brush fires which The Hawaii State Plan is a highlycomplex oftentimes become roaring forest fires. mechanism which performs two major "The Hawaii State Plan is a bold step in this direction. It balances the interests tasks. It presents the goals and of the State and County governments ... (and is) sensitive to the needs of the objectives the State should be moving residents and people of Hawaii. toward and it establishes the basic tools and coordinations necessary "This plan is an opportunity and a challenge. It is an opportunity to plan for Ha wail @q to achieve them. The implementation of future in.a comprehensive manner and to provide direction and priority for the use of the State Plan will result in better our precious and limited resources. It is a challenge to the State and County coordination among State agencies and govemments to work together in harmony within the parameters of the State Plan." between the State and the Counties. It Representative Ken Kiyabu motioned foracloption inthe Houseof Representatives will result in more efficient and equitable and his motion was seconded by Representative Ted Mina. Representative use of Hawaii's limited resources. Kiyabu offered these statements: And it will result in more rational and "[7he Hawaii State Plan] represents the collective concern of the Legislature and effective responses to Hawaii's problems. the people of Hawaii about where this State is headed. = mww _041111111t "We have been recognized for our progressive and far-reaching laws relating to workers compensation, public employment, collective bargaining, motor vehicle no-fault insurance and others. We will again be looked upon as leaders, as we become the first State in the nation to adopt a plan of this nature. "The plan sets out goals, objectives andpolicies for the State. What it amounts to is a commitment by us, the Legislature, to provide a better future for the people of Hawaii and to address the problems most important to our people. " for wise use of Hawaii's resources and to guide the future development of the Slate. P Ja The purpose of this chapter is to set forth the Hawaii state plan that shall serve as a guide for the future long-range development of the n State; identify the goals, objectives, policies, and priorities for the State of Hawaii; provide a basis for determining priorities and allocating Act 100 limited resources, such as public funds, A Bill for an Act Relating to Planning services, manpower, land, energy, water, and other resources; and assure coordination of Be It Enacted by the Legislature of the state and county plans, policies, programs, State of Hawaii: projects, and regulatory activities. SECTION 1. Chapter 225, Hawaii Revised The purpose of this chapter is also to establish Statutes, is repealed. a system for plan formulation and program SECTION 2. Notwithstanding any law to the coordination to provide for an integration of contrary, the Hawaii Revised Statutes is all major state and county activities. amended by adding a new chapter, to be Implementation provisions contained herein appropriately designated, and to read as are designed to carry out statewide guidelines follows: presented in the form of the overall theme, goals, objectives, policies, and priority Chapter - directions by: Hawaii State Planning Act (1) Fostering policy integration and coordination PART 1. Overall Theme, Goals, Objectives of state and county plans, programs, projects, and Policies and regulatory activities; Sec. -1 Findings and purposes. The legislature (2) Defining a statewide planning system and finds that there is a need to improve the processes; and planning process in this State, to increase the (3) Providing a basis for determining priorities effectiveness of public and private actions, to and allocating limited resources. improve coordination among different agencies and levels of government, to provide Sec. -2 Definitions. As used in this chapter, unless the context otherwise requires: (1) "Department" means the department of planning and economic development. 25 (2) "Policy council" means the council established in section -53. (3) "Advisory committee" means the committee established in section -57 to advise and assist in the formulation of the state functional plans. (4) "State agency" means any department, office, board, or commission of the State, orthe University of Hawaii. (5) "County agency" means any department, office, board, or commission of the county (6) "Hawaii state plan" means a long-range comprehensive plan, including the overall theme, goals, objectives, policies, priority directions, and implementation mechanisms established in this chapter (7) "Priority directions" means the overall direction and implementing actions established in this chapter (8) "County general plan" means the comprehensive long-range plan or development plan, if any, which has been adopted by ordinance or resolution by a county council. (9) "County development plan" means a relatively detailed plan for an area or region ish I W 19T@ within a county to implement the objectives One of the basic functions of our society is and policies of a county general plan. to enhance the ability of individuals and (10) "Functional plan" means a plan setting groups to pursue their goals freely to satisfy forth the policies, programs, and projects basic needs and to secure desired socio- designed to implement the objectives of a economic levels. The elements of choice and specific field of activity when such activity mobility within society's legal framework are or program is proposed, administered, or fundamental rights. Society's role is to funded by any agency of the State. encourage conditions within which individuals (11) "State programs" means a combination of and groups can approach their desired levels actions and activities undertaken by any state of self-reliance and self-determination. This agency that are designed, coordinated, and enables people to gain confidence and executed to achieve an objective or set of self-esteem; citizens contribute more when objectives and policies within defined areas they possess such qualities in a free and of concern. open society (12) "A-95 Clearinghouse" means the agency Government promotes citizen freedom, or agencies designated to carry out the self-reliance, self-determination, social and procedures established pursuant to federal civic responsibility and goals achievement by directive A-95 whereby certain applications keeping order, by increasing cooperation for federal funds are reviewed and affected among many diverse individuals and groups, agencies are notified of the proposed and by fostering social and civic responsibilities applications. that affect the general welfare. The greater the number and activities of individuals and (13) "Regional carrying capacity" means the groups, the more complex government's role maximum population in a given area that can becomes. The function of government, be adequately supported in an economically however, is to assist citizens in attaining their and environmentally sound manner. goals. Government provides for meaningful Sec. -3 Overall theme. Hawaii's people,as both participation bythe people indecision-making individuals and groups, generally accept and and for effective access to authority as well live by a number of principles or values which as an equitable sharing of benefits. Citizens are an integral part of society. This concept have a responsibility to work with their is the unifying theme of the state plan. The government to contribute to societys following principles or values are established improvement. They must also conduct their as the overall theme of the Hawaii state plan: activities within an agreed-upon legal system (1) Individual and family self-sufficiency refers that protects human rights. 26 to the rights of people to maintain as much Sec. -4 State goals. In order to guarantee self-reliance as possible. It is an expression those elements of choice and mobility that of the value of independence, in other words, insure that individuals and groups may being able to freely pursue personal interests approach their desired levels of self-reliance and goals. Self-sufficiency means that and self-determination, it shall be the goal of individuals and families can express and the State to achieve: maintain their own self-interest so long as that (1) A strong, viable economy, characterized by self-interest does not adversely affect the stability, diversity, and growth, that enables general welfare. Individual freedom and the fulfillment of the needs and expectations individual achievement are possible only by of Hawaii's present and future generations. reason of other people in society, the (2) A desired physical environment, institutions, arrangements and customs that characterized by beauty, cleanliness, quiet, they maintain, and the rights and stable natural systems, and uniqueness, that responsibilities that they sanction. enhances the mental and physical well-being (2) Social and economic mobility refers to the of the people. right of individuals to choose and to have the (3) Physical, social, and economic well-being, opportunities for choice available to them. It for individuals and families in Hawaii, that is a corollary to self-sufficiency Social and nourishes a sense of community economic mobility means that opportunities responsibility of caring and of and incentives are available for people to seek participation in community life. out their own levels of social and economic fulfillment. Sec. -5 Objective and policies for population. (3) Community or social well-being is a value (a) It shall be the objective in planning for the that encompasses many things. In essence, it State's population to guide population growth refers to healthy social, economic, and to be consistent with the achievement of physical environments that benefit the physical, economic, and social objectives community as a whole. A sense of social contained in this chapter responsibility, of caring for others and for the well-being of our community and of participating in social and political life, are important aspects of this concept. It further implies the aloha spirit - attitudes of tolerance, respect, cooperation and unselfish giving, within which Hawaii's society can progress. (b) To achieve the population objective, it shall be the policy of this State to: (1) Manage population growth statewide in a -A manner that provides increased opportunities for Hawaii's people to pursue their physical, social, and economic aspirations while recognizing the unique needs of each county IS, (2) Encourage an increase in economic activities and employment opportunities on the iAdd Neighbor Islands consistent with community needs and desires. AP (3) Ensure that adequate support services and N facilities are provided to accommodate the desired distribution of future growth throughout the State. (4) Promote increased opportunities for Hawaii's people to pursue their socio-economic aspirations throughout the islands. (5) Seek legislative and other means to manage A the rate of migration of new residents to the State of Hawaii, in order that it may be consistent with the achievement of physical, economic, and social objectives contained in this chapter. (6) Foster an understanding of Hawaii s capacities to accommodate population needs. (7) Encourage federal actions that will promote a more balanced distribution of immigrants among the states provided that such actions IAL do not prevent the reunion of immediate family members. (8) Pursue an increase in federal assistance for states with a greater proportion of foreign immigrants relative to their state's population. 27 Sec. -6 Objectives and policies for the economy - in general. (a) Planning for the State's economy in general shall be directed toward achievement of the following objectives: (1) Increased and diversified employment opportunities to achieve full employment, increased income and job choice, and improved living standards for Hawaii's people. (2) A growing and diversified economic base that is not overly dependent on a few industries. (b) To achieve the general economic objectives, it shall be the policy of this State to: (1) Expand Hawaii's national and international marketing, communication, and organizational ties, to increase the State's capacity to adjust to and capitalize upon economic changes and opportunities occurring outside the State. (2) Promote Hawaii as an attractive market for investment activities that benefit Hawaii's people. (3) Seek broader outlets for new or expanded Hawaii business investments. (4) Expand existing markets and penetrate new markets for Hawaii's products and services. (5) Assure that the basic economic needs of Hawaii's people are maintained in the event of disruptions in overseas transportation. (6) Strive to achieve a sustained level of construction activity responsive to, and consistent with, state growth objectives. (7) Encourage the formulation of marketing cooperatives to assist small scale producers, manufacturers, and distributors. (8) Pursue more favorable marketing arrangements at the regional and local levels for Hawaii's export products. (9) Encourage labor-intensive activities that are economically satisfying. (10) Foster g reater cooperation and coord ination between the public and private sectors in solving Hawaii's employment problems. (11) Promote economic activities, especially those which benefit areas with substantial unemployment problems. (12) Maintain acceptable working conditions and standards for Hawaii's workers. (13) Provide equal employment opportunities for all segments of Hawaii's population through affirmative action and anti-d iscri m i nation measures. (14) Encourage businesses that have favorable financial multiplier effects within Hawaii's economy. (15) Promote and protect intangible resources A in Hawaii, such as scenic beauty and the aloha spirit, which are vital to a healthy economy Sec. -7 Objectives and policies for the economy - agriculture. (a) Plan ni ng for the State's economy with regard to agriculture shall be directed towards achievement of the following objectives: 28 4, (1) Increased viability in sugar and pineapple industries. (2) Continued growth and development of diversified agriculture throughout the State. (b) To achieve the agriculture objectives, it shall be the policy of this State to: (1) Foster attitudes and activities conducive to maintaining agriculture as a major sector of Hawaii's economy. (2) Seek federal legislation that benefits Hawaii's agricultural industries. (3) Promote Hawaii's agricultural products locally, on the continental United States, and internationally (4) Support research and development activities that provide greater efficiency and economic productivity in agriculture. (5) Enhance agricultural growth by providing public incentives and encouraging private initiatives. (6) Assure the availability of agriculturally suitable lands with adequate water to accommodate present and future needs. (7) Increase the attractiveness and opportunities for an agricultural education and livelihood. (8) Expand Hawaii's agricultural base by promoting growth and development of flowers, tropical fruits and plants, livestock, feed grains, forestry, food crops, aquaculture and other potential enterprises. (9) 5trengthen diversified agriculture by (b) To achieve the federal expenditures developing an effective marketing and objective, it shall be the policy of this State to: distribution system between producer and (1) Encourage the sustained flow of federal consumer. expenditures in Hawaii that generates (10) Promote economically competitive long-term government civilian employment. activities that increase Hawaii's agricultural (2) Maintain Hawaii's supportive role in self-sufficiency national defense. (11) Promote and assist in the establishment (3) Promote the future development of federally of sound financial programs for diversified supported activities in Hawaii that respect agriculture. statewide economic concerns, are sensitive to Sec. -8 Objective and policies for the community needs, and minimize impacts on economy - visitor industry. Hawaii's environment. (a) Planning forthe State's economywith regard (4) Increase opportunities for entry and to the visitor industry shall be directed towards advancement of Hawaii's people into the achievement of the objective of a visitor federal government. industry that constitutes a major component (5) Encourage federal use of local of steady growth for Hawaii's economy commodities, services, and facilities (b) To achieve the visitor industry objective, it available in Hawaii. shall be the policy of this State to: (6) Strengthen federal-state-county (1) Assist in the overseas promotion of communication and coordination in all federal Hawaii's vacation attractions. activities that affect Hawaii. (2) Ensure that visitor industry activities are (7) Promote the return of federally controlled in keeping with the social, economic, and lands in Hawaii that are not required for the physical needs and aspirations of Hawaii's defense of the nation and the mutually people. beneficial exchanges of land between federal (3) Improve the quality of existing visitor agencies, the state and the counties. destination areas. Sec. -10 Objective and policies for the (4) Encourage greater cooperation between economy - potential growth activities. the public and private sectors in developing (a) Planning for the State's economy with regard and maintaining well-designed and adequately to potential growth activities shall be directed serviced visitor industry and related towards achievement of the objective of developments. development and expansion of potential (5) Ensure that visitor facilities and destination growth activities that serve to increase and 29 areas are carefully planned and sensitive to diversify Hawaii's economic base. existing neighboring communities and (b) To achieve the potential growth activity activities. objective, it shall be the policy of this State to: (6) Develop the industry in a manner that will (1) Encourage investment and employment in provide the greatest number of primary jobs economic activities that have the potential for and steady employment for Hawaii's people. growth such as diversified agriculture, (7) Provide opportunities for Hawaii's people aquaculture, apparel and textile manufacturing, to obtain job training and education that and energy and marine-related industries. will allow for upward mobility within the visitor (2) Expand Hawaii's capacity to attract and industry. service international programs and (8) Foster a recognition of the contribution of activities that generate employment for the visitor industry to Hawaii's economy and Hawaii's people. the need to perpetuate the aloha spirit. (3) Enhance Hawaii's role as a center for (9) Foster an understanding by visitors of international trade, finance, services, the aloha spirit and of the unique and sensitive technology, education, culture, and the arts. character of Hawaii's cultures and values. (4) Accelerate research and development of Sec. -9 Objective and policies for the new energy-related industries based on wind, economy - federal expenditures. solar, ocean, and underground resources and (a) Planning for the State's economy with solid waste. regard to federal expenditures shall be (5) Encourage the formulation of marketing directed towards achievement of the objective cooperatives to assist small scale producers, of a stable federal investment base as an manufacturers, and distributors. integral component of Hawaii's economy (6) Pursue more favorable marketing arrangements at the regional and local levels for Hawaii's export products. (7) Promote Hawaii's geographic, environmental, and technological advantages to attract new economic activities intotheState. (8) Provide public incentives and encourage private initiative to attract new industries that will support Hawaii's social, economic, physical, and environmental objectives. (9) Generate new ocean-related economic (4) Protect those special areas, structures, and activities in mining, food production, and elements that are an integral and functional scientific research. part of Hawaii's ethnic and cultural heritage. Sec. -11 Objectives and policies for the (5) Encourage the design of developments and physical environment - land-based, shoreline, activities that complement the natural beauty and marine resources. of the islands. (a) Planning for the State's physical Sec. -13 Objectives and policies for the environment with regard to land-based, physical environment - land, air, and water shoreline, and marine resources shall be quality. directed towards achievement of the following (a) Planning for the State's physical environment objectives: with regard to land, air, and water quality shall (1) Prudent use of Hawaii's land-based, be directed towards achievement of the shoreline, and marine resources. following objectives: (2) Effective protection of Hawaii's unique and (1) Maintenance and pursuit of improved fragile environmental resources. quality in Hawaii's land, air, and water (b) To achieve the land-based, shoreline, and resources. marine resources objectives, it shall be the (2) Greater public awareness and appreciation policy of this State to: of Hawaii's environmental resources. (1) Exercise an overall conservation ethic in (b) To achieve the land, air, and water quality the use of Hawaii's natural resources. objectives, it shall be the policy of this (2) Ensure compatibility between land-based State to: and water-based activities and natural (1) Foster educational activities that promote resources and ecological systems. a better understanding of Hawaii's limited (3) Take into account the physical attributes environmental resources. of areas when planning and designing (2) Promote the proper management of activities and facilities. Hawaii's land and water resources. (4) Encourage the beneficial use of statewide (3) Promote effective measures to achieve forest resources without generating costly or desired quality in Hawaii's surface, ground, and irreparable environmental damage. coastal waters. (5) Consider multiple uses in watershed areas, (4) Encourage actions to maintain or improve provided such uses do not detrimentally affect aural and air quality levels to enhance the water quality and recharge functions. health and well-being of Hawaii's people. 30 (6) Encourage the protection of rare or (5) Reduce the threat to life and property endangered plant and animal species and from erosion, flooding, tsunamis, earthquakes, habitats native to Hawaii. and other natural or man-induced hazards and (7) Provide public incentives that encourage disasters. private actions to protect significant natural (6) Encourage design and construction resources from degradation or unnecessary practices that enhance the physical qualities depletion. of Hawaii's communities. (8) Pursue compatible relationships among (7) Encourage urban developments in close activities, facilities, and natural resources, proximity to existing services and especially within shoreline areas. facilities. (9) Promote greater accessibility and prudent (8) Foster recognition of the importance and use of the shoreline for public recreational, value of the land, air, and water resources to educational, and scientific purposes. Hawaii's people and their cultures. Sec. -12 Objective and policies for the physical Sec. -14 Objective and policies for facility environment - scenic, natural beauty, and systems - in general. historic resources. (a) Planning for the State's facility systems in (a) Planning for the State's physical general shall be directed towards achievement environment shall be directed towards of the objective of water, transportation, waste achievement of the objective of enhancement disposal, and utility systems that support of Hawaii's scenic assets, natural beauty, and statewide social, economic, and physical multi-cultural/historical resources. objectives. (b) To achieve the scenic, natural beauty, and (b) To achieve the general facility systems historic resources objective, it shall be the objective, it shall be the policy of this State to: policy of this State to: (1) Promote the preservation and restoration of significant natural and historic resources. (2) Provide incentives to maintain and enhance historic, cultural, and scenic amenities. (3) Promote the visual and aesthetic enjoyment of mountains, ocean vistas, scenic landscapes, and other natural features. (1) Accommodate the needs of Hawaii's people through improvement priorities established through the planning process. (2) Encourage flexible service delivery systems that can adapt to changing public demands and priorities. (3) Ensure that required facility systems can be supported within resource capacities and at reasonable cost to the user ! WIf T R. Sec. -15 Objectives and policies for facility systems - solid and liquid wastes. SEWERAGE (a) Planning for the State's facility systems with Nkll regard to solid and liquid wastes shall be directed towards the achievement of the SUIt mwww following objectives: (1) Maintenance of basic public health and sanitation standards relating to treatment and disposal of solid and liquid wastes. (2) Adequate sewer infrastructure facilities for physical and economic activities that alleviate problems in housing, employment, mobility, and other areas. (b) To achieve solid and liquid waste objectives, it shall be the policy of this State to: (1) Encourage the adequate development of sewer systems that complement planned growth. (2) Encourage re-use and recycling to reduce solid and liquid wastes and develop a conservation ethic. (3) Promote research to develop more efficient and economical treatment and disposal of solid and liquid wastes. 31 Sec. -16 Objective and policies for facility ............... . ... systems - water. (a) Planning for the State's facility systems with regard to water shall be directed towards achievement of the objective of the provision of water to adequately accommodate domestic, agricultural, commercial, industrial, recreational, and other needs within resource capacities. (b) To achieve the facility systems water objective, it shall be the policy of this State to: (1) Relate growth activities to existing and potential water supply. (2) Support research and development of alternative water sources. (3) Reclaim and encourage the productive use of runoff water and waste water discharges. (4) Assist in improving the quality, efficiency, service, and storage capabilities of water systems for domestic and agricultural use. (5) Support water supply services to areas experiencing critical water problems. (6) Promote water conservation practices. Sec. -17 Objectives and policies for facility systems - transportation. (a) Planning for the State's facility systems with regard to transportation shall be directed towards the achievement of the following objectives: (1) An integrated multi-modal transportation system that services statewide needs and promotes the efficient, economical, safe, and convenient movement of people and goods. (2) A statewide transportation system consistent with planned growth objectives throughout the State. (b) To achieve the transportation objectives, it shall be the policy of this State to: (1) Design, program, and develop a multi-modal system in conformance with desired growth and physical development as stated in this chapter (2) Coordinate state, county, federal, and private transportation activities and programs toward the achievement of statewide objectives. (3) Encourage a reasonable distribution of financial responsibilities for transportation among participating governmental and private lop p arties. (4) Provide for improved accessibility to shipping, docking, and storage facilities. ............ (5) Promote a reasonable level and variety of "A 0 mass transportation services that adequately meet statewide and community needs. (6) Encourage the use of transportation systems that serve as a means of accommodating present and future development needs of communities. (7) Promote a variety of carriers to offer increased opportunities and advantages to 32 inter-island movement of people and goods. the capacities of airport and (8) Increase harbor systems and support facilities to effectively accommodate transshipment and storage needs. (9) Increase the ability of transportation systems to assist statewide economic growth and diversification. J ..AWro (10) Encourage the design and development of transportation systems sensitive to the @r *0 needs of affected communities and the quality of Hawaii's natural environment, (11) Encourage safe and convenient use of low- cost, energy-efficient, non-polluting means of intra-island transportation. Sec. -18 Objectives and policies for facility systems - energy/utilifies. (a) Planning for the State's facility systems with regard to energy/utilities shall be directed towards the achievement of the following objectives: (1) Dependable, efficient, and economical statewide energy and communication systems capable of supporting the needs of the people. (2) Increased energy self-sufficiency. (b) To achieve the energy/utilities objectives, it shall be the policy of this State to: (1) Accelerate research development and use of new energy sources. (2) Provide adequate, reasonably priced, and dependable power and communication services to accommodate demand. (3) Ensure a sufficient supply of energy (6) Facilitate the use of available urban lands to enable power systems to support the to accommodate the housing needs in various demands of growth. communities. (4) Promote prudent use of power and fuel (7) Foster a variety of lifestyles traditional to supplies through education, conservation, and Hawaii through the design and maintenance energy-efficient practices. of neighborhoods that reflect the culture and (5) Ensure that the development or expansion values of the community. of power systems and sources adequately Sec. -20 Objectives and policies for-socio- consider environmental, public health, and cultural advancement - health. safety concerns, and resource limitations. (a) Planning for the State's socio-cultural (6) Promote the use of new energy sources. advancement with regard to health shall be (7) Facilitate the development and use of directed towards achievement of the improved communications technology. following objectives: Sec. -19 Objectives and policies for socio- (1) Fulfillment of basic individual health needs cultural advancement - housing. of the general public. (a) Planning for the State's socio-cultural (2) Maintenance of sanitary and environmentally advancement with regard to housing shall be healthful conditions in Hawaii's communities. directed towards achievement of the following (b) To achieve the health objectives, it shall objectives: be the policy of this State to: (1) Greater opportunities for Hawaii's people to (1) Provide adequate and accessible services secure reasonably priced, safe, sanitary, livable and facilities for prevention and treatment of homes located in suitable environments that physical and mental health problems. satisfactorily accommodate the needs and (2) Provide effective short-term and long- desires of families and individuals. term assistance to prevent, alleviate, or cope (2) The orderly development of residential with mental health problems of individuals areas sensitive to community needs and other and families. land uses. (3) Encourage improved cooperation among (b) To achieve the housing objectives, it shall public and private sectors in the provision of be the policy of this State to: health care to accommodate the total health (1) Effectively accommodate the housing needs of individuals throughout the State. needs of Hawaii's people, especially the (4) Foster an awareness of the need for elderly, handicapped, displacees of personal health maintenance and preventive redevelopment areas, and newly formed health care through education and other 33 households. measures. (2) Stimulate and promote feasible approaches (5) Provide services and activities that that increase housing choices for low-income, ensure sanitary conditions. moderate-income, and gap-group Sec. -21 Objectives and policies for socio- households. cultural advancement - education. (3) Increase homeownership and rental (a) Planning for the State's socio-cultural opportunities and choices in terms of advancement with regard to education shall be quality, location, cost, densities, style, directed towards achievement of the objective and size of housing. of the provision of a variety of educational (4) Promote appropriate improvement, opportunities to enable individuals to fulfiil rehabilitation, and maintenance of existing their needs, responsibilities, and aspirations. housing. (b) To achieve the education objective, it shall (5) Promote design and location of housing be the policy of this State to: developments taking into account the physical (1) Support educational programs and setting, accessibility to public facilities and activities that enhance personal development, services, and other concerns of existing physical fitness, recreation, and cultural communities and surrounding areas. pursuits of all groups. (2) Ensure the provision of adequate and accessible educational services and facilities that are designed to meet individual and community needs. (3) 1 ncrease the ability of education to promote an understanding of Hawaii's cultural heritage. (4) Provide job preparation training for groups experiencing critical unemployment conditions. (5) Provide higher educational opportunities that enable Hawaii's people to adapt to changing employment demands. (6) Assist individuals, especially those who are disadvantaged in meeting job qualifications, through manpower and other related training opportunities. (7) Promote programs and activities that (8) Increase opportunities forappreciation and facilitate the acquisition of basic skills, such participation in the creative arts, including the as reading, writing, computing, listening, literary, theatrical, and musical arts. speaking, and reasoning. (9) Encourage the development of creative (8) Emphasize quality educational programs in expression in the artistic disciplines to enable Hawaii's institutions to promote all segments of Hawaii's population to academic excellence. participate in the creative arts. (9) Support research programs and activities Sec. -24 Objective and policies for socio- that enhance the education programs of cultural advancement - individual rights and the State. personal well-being. Sec. -22 Objectives and policies for socio- (a) Planning for the State's socio-cultural cultural advancement - social services. advancement with regard to individual rights (a) Planning for the State's socio-cultural and personal well-being shall be directed advancement with regard to social services towards achievement of the objective of an shall be directed towards the achievement incr.eased individual capacity to fulfill personal of the objective of improved public and private socio-economic needs and aspirations. social services and activities that induce (b) To achieve the individual rights and greater individual, family, and group initiative, personal well-being objective, it shall be the self-reliance. and self-esteem. policy of this State to: (b) To achieve the social service objective, (1) Provide effective services and activities that it shall be the policy of the State to: protect individuals from criminal acts and (11 Provide adequate services, facilities, and unfair practices and that foster a safe and resources within the State's fiscal capacities secure environment. to assist in alleviating hardship conditions (2) Enhance and protect the national and of Hawaii's people. state constitutional rights of every (2) Promote coordination and integration of individual. public and private services and programs that (3) Assure access to, and availability of, legal enable individuals, families, and groups to assistance, consumer protection, and other deal effectively with social problems and to social justice services. enhance their participation in society (4) Ensure equal opportunities for individual (3) Facilitate the adjustment of new residents participation in society into Hawaii's communities. Sec. -25 Objective and policies for socio- 34 Sec. -23 Objectives and policies for socio- cultural advancement - culture. cultural advancement - leisure. (a) Planning for the State's socio-cultural (a) Planning for the State's socio-cultural advancement with regard to culture shall be advancement with regard to leisure shall be directed toward the achievement of the directed towards the achievement of the objective of enhancement of cultural identities, objective of the adequate provision of traditions, values, customs, and arts of resources to accommodate diverse cultural, Hawaii's people. artistic, and recreational needs for present (b) To achieve the culture objective, it shall and future generations. be the policy of this State to: (b) To achieve the leisure objective, it shall (1) Foster increased knowledge and be the policy of this State to: understanding of Hawaii's ethnic and cultural (1) Foster and preserve Hawaii's multi-cultural heritages and the history of Hawaii. heritage through supportive programs and (2) Support activities and conditions that activities. promote cultural values, customs, and arts that (2) Provide a wide range of activities and enrich the life styles of Hawaii's people. facilities to fulfill the recreation needs of (3) Encourage increased awareness of the all diverse and special groups. effects of proposed public and private actions (3) Enhance the enjoyment of recreational on life styles in Hawaii. experiences through safety measures, (4) Encourage the essence of the aloha spirit educational opportunities, and improved in people's daily activities. facility design and maintenance. (4) Promote the recreational and educational potential of natural resources having scenic, open space, cultural, historical, geological, or biological values. (5) Ensure opportunities for everyone to use and enjoy Hawaii's recreational resources. (6) Assure the availability of sufficient resources to provide for future recreational needs. (7) Provide adequate and accessible physical fitness programs to promote the physical and mental well-being of Hawaii's people. Sec. -26 Objectives and policies for socio- cultural advancement - public safety. (a) Planning for the State's socio-cultural advancement with regard to public safety shall be directed towards the achievement of the following objectives: (1) Assurance of public safety and adequate protection of life and property for all people. (2) Maintenance of adequate levels of statewide security, communication, and preparedness in case of civil disruptions, wars, natural disasters, and other major disturbances. (3) Promotion of a sense ot community responsibility for the welfare and safety of Hawaii's people. (b) To achieve the public safety objectives, it shall be the policy of this State to: (1) Support law enforcement programs aimed at curtailing criminal activities. (2) Develop coordinated management programs for public safety and criminal justice throughout the State. (3) Ensure that public safety programs are effective and responsive to community needs. (4) Encourage increased community awareness and participation in public safety mom=., programs. (5) Emphasize improvement in social rehabilitation programs and facilities ............. .. ....... throughout the State. (6) Ensure that responsible organizations are in a proper state of readiness to respond to major war-related or natural disasters and civil 35 disturbances at all times. Sec. -27 Objectives and policies for socio- culturaf advancement - government. (a) Planning the State's socio-cultural advancement with regard to government shall be directed towards the achievement of the objectives of efficient, effective, and responsive government services at all levels in the State of Hawaii. (b) To achieve the government objective, it shall be the policy of this State to: (1) Provide for necessary public goods and services not assumed by the private sector (2) Pursue an openness and responsiveness in government that permits the flow of public information, interaction, and response. (3) Ensure fiscal responsibility in government in Hawaii. (4) Minimize the size of government to that necessary to be effective. (5) Stimulate the responsibility in citizens to productively participate in government for a better Hawaii. (6) Assure that public attitudes, actions, and services are sensitive to community needs and concerns. Sec. -28 Objectives and policies for fiscal management - government. (a) Planning the State's fiscal management with regard to government shall be directed towards the objective of ensuring fiscal integrity, responsibility, and nt efficiency in the state government and cou y governments. (b) To achieve the government objective, it shall be the policy of this State to: (1) Provide for a balanced fiscal budget. (2) Improve the fiscal budgeting and management system of the State. (3) Promote the consolidation of state and county governmental functions to minimize the ineffective and inefficient delivery of government programs and services. PART 11. PLANNING COORDINATION AND IMPLEMENTATION Sec. -51 Purpose. The purpose of this part is to establish a statewide planning system to coordinate all major state and county activities and to implement the overall theme, goals, objectives, policies, and priority directions. Sec. -52 Statewide planning system. (a) The statewide planning system shal I consist of the following policies, plans, and programs: (1) The overall theme, goals, objectives, and policies established in this chapter shall provide the broad guidelines for the State. (2) The priority directions established in this chapter shall provide direction for decision- making by the state and the counties for the immediate future and set priorities for the allocation of resources. Conformance with the priority directions shall be demonstrated in the formulation, amendment, and implementation 36 of state functional plans, county general plans .. .. ...... . and development plans, and state programs. (3) State functional plans shall be prepared for, but not limited to, the areas of agriculture, conservation lands, education, energy, higher education, health, historic preservation, housing, recreation, tourism, transportation, and water resources development. State funCtional plans shall define, implement, and be in conformance with the overall theme, goals, objectives, policies, and priority directions contained within this chapter. County general plans and development plans shall be used as a basis in the formulation of state functional plans. (4) County general plans shall indicate desired population and physical development patterns for each county and regions within each county. In addition, county general plans or development plans shall address the unique problems and needs of each county and regions within each county County general plans or development plans shall further define, implement, and be in conformance with the overall theme, goals, objectives, policies, and priority directions contained within this chapter. State functional plans which have been adopted by concurrent resolution by the legislature shall be utilized as guidelines in amending the county general plans to be in conformance with the overall theme, goals, objectives, and priority directions. (5) State programs shall include, but not be limited to, those programs involving coordination and review; research and support; design, construction, and maintenance; services; and regulatory The rules and regulations adopted by the land powers. State programs that exercise use commission to govern land use decision- coordination and review functions shall making shall be in conformance with the include, but not be limited to, the state provisions of this chapter. clearinghouse process, capital improvements (E) Decision-making process of the board program, and coastal zone management of land and natural resources. The decisions program. State programs that exercise made by the board of land and natural regulatory powers in resource allocation resources shall be in conformance with the shall include, but not be limited to the land overall theme, goals, objectives, policies, and use and management programs administered priority directions contained within this by the land use commission and the board chapter, and the state functional plans adopted of land and natural resources. State programs pursuant to this chapter. The rules and shall further define, implement, and be in regulations adopted by the board of land conformance with the overall theme, goals, and natural resources to govern land use objectives, policies, and priority directions decision-making shall be in conformance contained within this chapter, and the state with the provisions of this chapter functional plans adopted pursuant to (3) Other coordination processes include the this chapter. use of the A-95 state clearinghouse process. (b) The statewide planning system shall also The state clearinghouse shall coordinate the consist of several implementation review of all projects requiring federal funding mechanisms: and shall notify the policy council of all (1) The overall review, coordination, and proposed federal projects which conflict with evaluation process. The overall review, this chapter, any functional plan adopted under coordination, and evaluation shall be this chapter, or any county general plans or conducted by the policy council, with the development plans which are in conformance assistance of the department. with the provisions of this chapter (2) The budgetary and land use decision- making processes. The budgetary and land Sec. -53 Policy council; composition; voting use decision-making processes shall rights. consist of: (a) There is established a policy council whose (A) Program appropriations process. The membership shall include the following: appropriation of funds for major programs (1) The planning director from each county under the biennial and supplemental budgets, (2) Nine public members, being four from shall be in conformance with the overall the city and county of Honolulu, one from the 37 theme, goals, objectives, policies, and priority county of Kauai, and two from each of the directions contained within this chapter, and counties of Maui and Hawaii, provided that in the state functional plans adopted pursuant the case of the county of Maui, one such public to this chapter. member shall be from Molokai or Lanai and, in (B) Capital improvement project appropriations the case of the county of Hawaii, one public process. The appropriation of funds for major member shall be from west Hawaii and one plans and projects under the capital from east Hawaii, appointed by the governor improvements program shall be in from a list of public persons from each conformance with the overall theme, county nominated by the respective mayor, goals, objectives, policies, and priority with the advice and consent of the council directions contained within this chapter, and of the respective county, who shall submit no the state functional plans adopted pursuant less than three names for each appointive to this chapter. public member to which the county is entitled. (C) Budgetary review process of the (3) The directors of chairmen from the department of budget and finance. The departments of agriculture, budget and budgetary review and allocation finance, planning and economic development, process of the department of budget and land and natural resources, health, social finance shall be in conformance with the services and housing, transportation, and provisions of this chapter labor and industrial relations; from the office (D) Decision-making process of the state land of environmental quality control; the use commission. The decisions made by the superintendent of education; the president of land use commission shall be in conformance the University of Hawaii; the executive director with the overall theme, goals, objectives, of the Hawaii housing authority; and the policies, and priority directions contained executive officer of the land use commission. within this chapter, and the state functional The director of the department of plans adopted pursuant to this chapter. planning and economic development shall serve as chairman of the council. The terms of the nine members from the public shall be for four years; provided, that the governor may reduce the terms of those initially appointed so as to provide, as nearly as can be, for the expiration of an equal number of terms at intervals of one year Edich such term shall commence on January 1 and expire December 31; provided, that the governor may establish the commencing and expiration chapter, seek to resolve any identified dates of the terms of those initially appointed. conflicts, and transmit its findings and No member from the public shall be appointed recommendations to the legislature at the consecutively to more than two terms; time of submittal of the functional plan; provided, that membership shall not exceed (4) Advise the legislature on the administration, eight consecutive years. No member from the amendment, and review of this chapter, public shall serve on any other public board or including the overall theme, goals, objectives, commission. The governor may remove or policies, and priority directions contained suspend for cause any member of the council within this chapter; after due notice and public hearing. (5) Prepare guidelines for the development of Expenses incurred by a state governmental the state functional plans in accordance with member participating in policy council sections -57 and -58; deliberations shall be borne by his respective governmental agency. Travel expenses (6) Adopt rules in accordance with section -56 incurred by planning directors participating in to provide procedures for public input into the policy council deliberations shall be amendment processes and for submittal of reimbursed by the department of planning proposed amendments; and economic development. A public member (7) Maintain a record of its activities; shall receive no compensation for his services, (8) Conduct a comprehensive review of Part I but each shall be reimbursed by the of this chapter at least every four years department of planning and economic following enactment by the legislature, and development for necessary expenses incurred Part I I I of this chapter at least every odd- in the performance of his duties. numbered year to coincide with the state (b) There shall be a total of eighteen voting budget process commencing in 1981; and members on the policy council. The voting (9) Prepare an annual review and report to rights shall be apportioned as follows: the legislature in accordance with section -63. (1) The planning director from each county Sec. -55 Department of planning and shall each be entitled to one vote; economic development; duties. The (2) The nine members from the public shall department shall provide assistance and staff each be entitled to one vote; and services to the policy council in administering (3) The chairman of the council and four this chapter. To further the intent and purpose of the state agency heads herein described of this chapter, the department shall: shall each be entitled to one vote. (1) Provide recommendations to the policy The governor, in consultation with the director council on conflicts between and among this 38 of the department of planning and economic chapter, state functional plans either adopted development, shall determine which of the by the legislature or to be submitted to the other state agency heads described herein legislature for adoption, county general plans shall have voting rights on the basis of the and development plans, and state programs; subject matter or functional area before the (2) Review and evaluate this chapter and policy council. The governor may also rotate recommend amendments as needed to the the voting rights among those state agency policy council; heads deemed most affected by the nature of (3) Review, as necessary, major plans, the subject matter or functional area before programs, projects, and regulatory activities the policy council; provided that the state proposed by state and county agencies, and agency heads shall not cast more than five provide advisory opinions and reports to the votes on any one issue before the policy policy council as needed; council. State agency heads who are not (4) Analyze existing state policies, planning and entitled to vote upon a given subject or program operations, laws, rules and practices functional area shall serve as ex-officio relative to formulation, implementation, and members of the policy council. coordination of the state plan; (c) All recommendations made to the (5) Review state capital improvement projects legislature by the policy council shall be for consistency with this chapter and report approved by two-thirds of its voting members, findings and recommendations to the which shall not preclude minority reports. governor prior to allocation of funds; Sec. -54 Policy council; duties. The policy (6) Conduct special studies and prepare council shall: reports that address major policy issues (1) Provide a forum for the discussion of relating to statewide growth and development; conflicts between and among this chapter, functional plans either adopted by the legislature or to be submitted to the legislature for adoption; county general plans and development plans, and state programs; (2) Transmit to the governor, legislature, and the mayors and legislative bodies of the respective counties its findings and recommendations on all conflicts as described above, and on the resolution of conflicts; (3) Review and evaluate state functional plans for conformance with the provisions of this (7) Cooperate with all public agencies to insure an ongoing, uniform, and reliable base of data and projections; (8) Assist the policy council in conducting a comprehensive review of Part I of this chapter at least every four years following enactment by the legislature, and Part I I I of this chapter at least every odd-numbered year commencing in 1981; (9) Assist the policy council in preparing and submitting an annual review and report to the legislature in accordance with section -63; (10) Prepare and adopt in consultation with the policy council, administrative guidelines in accordance with this chapter and chapter 91 by June 30,1979; and (11) Provide other technical assistance and staff services to the policy council as needed. The department may contract with public and private agencies and persons for special research and planning assistance. Sec. -56 Amendments to the overall theme, goals, objectives, policies, and priority directions. The policy council shall promulgate rules for amendments to the goals, objectives, policies, and priority directions, subject to the following provisions: (a) Any person may submit to the department proposals for the revision of the overall theme, goals, objectives, policies, and priority directions; (b) The department shall review the proposed amendments to the overall theme, goals, objectives, policies, and priority directions 39 Y and shall submit its findings and recommendations to the policy council; (c) The policy council shall submit its final recommendations on the amendments to the overall theme, goals, objectives, policies, and priority directions to the legislature thirty days prior to the convening of the next legislative session following its review of the proposed amendments, along with minority reports, if any; and (d) The policy council, in reviewing the proposed amendments of the department, shall make public its findings and recommendations and shall hold public hearings in each county of the State in accordance with chapter 91. There shall be not less than two public hearings in each county on the recommended revisions to the overall theme, goals, objectives, and policies of the state plan; provided that there shall be not less than three public hearings in the city and county of Honolulu and there shall be not less than one public hearing on each of the islands of Maui, Molokai, and Lanai in the county of Maui. Sec. -57 Functional plans; preparation. (a) The state agency head primarily responsible for a given functional area shall prepare the functional pian for the area. In the preparation of the functional plan, the state agency head shall work in close cooperation with the advisory committee, respective officials, and people of each county In the formulation of the functional plan, the preparing agency shall solicit public views and concerns. The formulation and amendment of a state functional plan shall conform to the state plan and use as a basis the county general plans. Functional plans and any amendments thereto shall be adopted by the legislature by concurrent resolution and shall, upon adoption, provide direction to state and county agencies, provided that in the event of a conflict between the proposed functional plan and general plan of a county, every effort shall be made to determine which of the matters in conflict has the greater merit and recommend modifications by the appropriate state or county agency to the proposed functional plan or county general plan. Where such accord cannot be achieved, the policy council shall VW prepare a report to the legislature citing the differences and the justification for each of the conflicting positions together with recommendation. Minority reports, if any may be submitted to the legislature. (b) The functional plan shall contain objectives to be achieved and policies to be pursued in 4' the primary field of activity and such policies shall address major programs and the location 'J N of major facilities. The functional plan shall A- -:A@ R@ also contain implementation priorities and ac tions which may include, but not be limited to, programs, maps, regulatory measures, standards, and interagency coordination provisions. (c) For each functional plan, the governor shall 40 establish an advisory committee, where a committee which meets the criteria set out hereunder is not already in existence, whose membership shall be composed of at least one public official from each county to be appointed from a list of four such officials submitted by the mayor of each county; members of the public; experts in the field W@7-' for which a functional plan is being prepared; and state officials. The committee shall advise the state agency in preparing a functional plan to be in conformance with the overall theme, goals, objectives, policies, and priority directions contained within this chapter. The functional plan, with any recommendations of the advisory committee including minority reports, if any, shall be submitted to the policy council for review and evaluation. The advisory committee shall serve until the respective functional plan is adopted by the legislature. Sec. -58 Functional plans; form and submittal. (a) Functional plans shall be prepared to implement the goals, objectives, policies, and priority directions contained within this chapter and policy council guidelines developed pursuant to this chapter (b) A functional plan shall be submitted to the policy council for review and evaluation at least ninety days prior to the date designated applicable provisions of this chapter provided for submittal to the legislature. The policy that any amendment to the county general council shall submit findings and plan of each county shall not be contrary recommendations to the legislature on each to the county charter. The formulation, functional plan reviewed. amendment, and implementation of county (c) The functional plans foragriculture, housing, general plans or development plans shall tourism, and transportation, with any findings utilize as guidelines, statewide objectives, and recommendations of the policy council, policies, and programs stipulated in state shall be submitted not later than thirty days functional plans adopted in consonance with prior to the convening of the 1979 legislature. this chapter. The functional plans for conservation lands, (b) County general plans shall be formulated education, energy, higher education, health, on the basis of sound rationale, data, analyses, historic preservation, recreation, and water and input from state and county agencies resources development, with any findings and and the general public, and contain objectives recommendations of the policy council, shall and policies as required by the charter of each be submitted not later than thirty days prior county Further, the county general plans to the convening of the 1980 legislature. should: (d) Upon receipt by the legislature of a (1) Contain objectives to be achieved and functional plan as submitted by the policy policies to be pursued with respect to council, with recommendations of the population density, land use, transportation preparing state agency, the legislature shall system location, public and community facility review, modify, and as appropriate, adopt the location, water and sewage system locations, functional plan by concurrent resolution. visitor destinations, urban design and all other (e) If the legislature fails to adopt such matters necessary for the coordinated functional plan byconcurrent resolution, itshall development of each county and regions revert to the state agency of origin for revision within each county and be resubmitted thirty days prior to the (2) Contain implementation priorities and convening of the next legislature. actions to carry out policies to include but Sec. -59 Functional plans; implementation. not be limited to, land use maps, programs, projects, regulatory measures, standards and (a) Functional plans shall not be used as a principles and interagency coordination guide or to implement state policy unless said provisions. plans shall have been approved by the (c) The county general plans and development legislature. plans shall be in conformance with the overall (b) The legislature, upon a finding of overriding theme, goals, objectives, policies, and priority 41 statewide concern, may determine in any given directions contained in this chapter by instance that the site for a specific project may January, 1982. be other than that designated on the county Sec. -62 State programs. general plan; provided however, that any proposed facility or project contained in a (a) State programs shall be in conformance county general plan shall not require the actual with this chapter. The formulation, development or implementation of said facility administration, and implementation of state or project or the inclusion of the same in any programs shall be in conformance with the state functional plan by any state agency The overall theme, goals, objectives, policies, and implementation of functional plans shall priority directions contained within this chapter, conform to existing laws, rules, and standards, and the state functional plans adopted and the provisions of this chapter. pursuant to this chapter Sec. -60 Programs and projects; receipt of (b) The director of the department of planning federal funds. The failure of the legislature to and economic development shall assist the adopt a functional plan by concurrent governor in assuring that state programs are resolution, or any amendment thereto, shall not in conformance with this chapter. be construed in any manner that would Sec. -63 Annual review and report. jeopardize the receipt of federal funds, or to (a) The policy council, with the assistance of prevent the implementation and performance the department shall prepare an annual of programs and projects for which state funds report for submittal to the legislature, mayors, have been appropriated. and county councils. The annual report shall Sec. -61 County general plans; preparation. contain recommendations for legislative (a) The county general plans and development consideration and action. Major components plans shall be formulated with input from the of the annual review and report shall include state and county agencies as well as the the following: general public. County general plans or development plans shall indicate desired population and physical development patterns for each county and regions within each county In addition, county general plans or development plans shall address the unique problems and needs of each county and regions within each county The county general plans or development plans shall further define and implement (1) An assessment of progress being made in inconveniences to Hawaii's people and attaining the overall theme, goals, objectives, visitors. policies, and priority directions contained (2) Protect the economic health and quality within this chapter and the state functional of the visitor industry plans; (3) Maintain or enhance the quality of existing (2) Recommendations to further implement this and future hotels and resort destination chapter and to improve coordination between areas which conform with regional carrying and among the overall theme, goals, capacities and state policies providing for objectives, policies, and priority directions adequate shoreline setbacks and beach contained within this chapter, county general access. plans and development plans, state functional plans, and state programs; and (4) Provide incentives to encourage existing hotel owners to upgrade, repair and maintain (3) An assessment of legislation and programs visitor facilities. of the preceding calendar year that have major statewide or countywide impact in terms of (5) Preserve and enhance Hawaii's significant their consistency with this chapter natural environmental and scenic, historic, and (b) Prior to the submittal of the annual report cultural sites. to the legislature and the counties, the (6) Develop and maintain career opportunities department shall hold public informational in the visitor industry for Hawaii's people, meetings in each county of the State, provided with emphasis on managerial positions. that in the county of Maui there shall be at (7) Adopt a tourism functional plan and least one public hearing on Lanai and Molokai. management organization to implement (c) The annual review and report shall be tourism plan policies. submitted to the legislature, mayors, and the (8) Coordinate effective tourism promotion county councils no later than February 1 of abroad. each year (9) Maintain and enhance visitor satisfaction. PART 111. PRIORITY DIRECTIONS (10) Maintain and encourage a more favorable Sec. -101 Purpose. The purpose of this part resort investment climate consistent with the is to establish an overall priority direction and objectives of this chapter. implementing actions to address areas of (11) Support law enforcement activities that statewide concern. provide a safer environment for both visitors Sec. -102 Overall direction. The State of Hawaii and residents alike. shall strive to ensure the availability of desired (c) Priority actions for the sugar and 42 employment opportunities for Hawaii's present pineapple industries: and future population in an environmentally (1) Provide adequate agricultural lands to and socially sound manner through the ensure the economic viability of the sugar fostering of a balanced population and and pineapple industries. economic growth rate. Sec. -103 Economic implementing actions. (2) Continue efforts to maintain federal support to provide stable sugar prices high enough to (a) Priority actions in the area of general allow profitable operations in Hawaii. business and finance: (3)'Support research and development, as (1) Stimulate the economy to provide needed appropriate, to improve the quality and jobs for Hawaii's people without stimulating production of sugar and pineapple crops. unnecessary in-migration. (d) Priority actions for diversified agriculture (2) Support business expansion and and aquaculture: development to achieve a stable and (1) Seek to protect prime agricultural and diversified economy aquacultural lands through affirmative and (3) Seek different means to assist new and comprehensive programs. existing businesses in obtaining loans. (2) Seek federal assistance to increase water (4) Assist in the development and supply and to improve transmission, storage, commercialization of technological and irrigation facilities to promote diversified advancements. agriculture and aquaculture. (5) Assist local producers in competing with (3) Assist small independent farmers in mainland producers. securing land and loans. (6) Lessen the financial burden on businesses. (4) Assist in the formation and operation of (7) Promote Hawaii as an attractive market production and marketing associations and for investment activities that benefit Hawaii's cooperatives to reduce production and people. marketing costs. (b) Priority actions for the visitor industry: (5) Encourage and assist with the development (1) Foster a social environment which of a waterborne and airborne freight and cargo enhances the Aloha Spirit by minimizing system capable of meeting the needs of Hawaii's agricultural community (6) Encourage the use of public and private resources to develop agricultural and aquacultural activities which have economic growth potential. (7) Explore new agricultural industries and encourage the expansion of existing agricultural industries that can provide jobs and profitable long-term use of land. (8) Seek favorable freight rates for Hawaii's agricultural products from interisland and overseas transportation operators. (9) Continue the development of agricultural parks. (10) Expand vocational training programs in agriculture and aquaculture. (11) Assist in providing adequate, reasonably priced water for existing agricultural activities. (12) Require agricultural uses in agricultural subdivisions and closely monitor the uses in these subdivisions. (13) Encourage the expansion of the statewide agricultural base through the promotion of products for export and local consumption. (e) Priority action for developing economic activities to encourage the development of industries which promise long-term growth potentials and which have the following characteristics: (1) An industry that can take advantage of Hawaii's unique location and available manpower resources. (2) A clean industry that would have minimal effects on Hawaii's environment. (3) An industry that is willing to hire and train Hawaii's people to meet the inclustry's labor needs. (4) An industry that would provide reasonable 43 income and steady employment. (f) Priority actions for the construction industry: (1) Promote a consistent and stable level of construction activity. (2) Explore alternatives for more effective management of the growth and development of the State's construction industry. (3) Encourage the streamlining of the building and development permit and review process. (g) Priorityaction fortheshipping industryshall be to continue to seek legislation to protect Hawaii from shipping interruptions between Hawaii and the continental United States. (h) Priority actions for water use and development: (1) Encourage water conservation to reduce the per capita water consumption rate through education and the promotion of conservation awareness. 'q (2) Assist agriculture in determining the feasibility of using wastewater effluent to irrigate crops. (3) Encourage restriction of new urban development in areas where water supply is tnsufficient for both agricultural and domestic u6es. (4) Pursue the improvement of irrigation techrvok)gy to increase the effective and efficient use of water. (5) Increase the support for research and development of alternative water sources. (i) Priority actions for energy use and development: (1) Encourage the development of alternate energy sources. Pr (2) Encourage development of a program to promote conservation of energy use in the State. (3) Encourage future urbanization into easily serviceable more compact, concentrated developments in existing urban areas wherever feasible to maximize energy conservation. (4) Encourage consumer education programs to reduce energy waste and to increase awareness for the need to conserve energy (5) Encourage the use of energy conserving technology and appliances in homes and other buildings. 44 (6) Explore possible incentives to encourage the use of alternate energy sources in homes and other buildings. Ij&j (7) Encourage the development and use of energy and cost-efficient transportation systems. Priority actions for manpower training and development: (1) Encourage more effective career counseling and guidance in high schools and post-secondary institutions to inform students of present and future career opportunities. (2) Encourage the allocation of educational resources to career areas where high employment growth is expected. (3) Encourage the expansion of technological research to assist industry development. (4) Pursue the establishment of Hawaii's university as the research and training center of the Pacific. Sec. -104 Population growth and distribution implementing actions. (a) Priority actions to effect desired statewide growth: (1) Manage population growth rates throughout the State consistent with available and planned resource capacities. present, such as protection of valuable (2) Encourage hiring of Hawaii's people by agricultural land or preservation of life styles. firms doing business in the State. (3) In order to preserve green belts, give (3) Seek federal legislation which would priority to state capital expenditures that provide federal moneys for social programs, encourage locating urban development within training, housing, and public services to each existing urban areas in accordance with the state proportionate to the number of following: funding for transportation activities immigrants received by the state. that serve the needs of existing urban areas; (4) Seek to provide for adequate housing to allocation of water for urban uses to areas meet the needs of Hawaii's people without within urban areas; and wherever possible, encouraging an additional influx of people. locate state buildings and facilities within urban centers close to public transportation; (5) Encourage continued low birth rate among except where compelling public interest Hawaii's population. dictates development of a non-contiguous (b) Priority actions to influence statewide new urban core. growth distribution: (4) Direct future urban development away from (1) Manage a growth rate for Hawaii's economy critical environmental areas or impose that will parallel future employment needs for mitigating measures so that negative impacts Hawaii's people. on the environment would be minimal. (2) Plan the development and availability of (5) Identify critical environmental areas land and water resources in a coordinated in Hawaii to include but not be limited to the manner so as to provide for the desired levels following: watershed and recharge areas; of growth in each geographical area. wildlife habitats (on land and in the ocean); (3) Encourage the location of state and federal areas with endangered species of plants and agencies on neighbor islands, as appropriate. wildlife; natural streams and water bodies; scenic and recreational shoreline resources; (4) Encourage major state investments to open space and natural areas; historic and promote economic development and private cultural sites; areas particularly sensitive to investment to the neighbor islands, as reduction in water and air quality; and appropriate. scenic resources. (5) Encourage CIP expenditures, public (6) Encourage the location of new industrial services, and housing developments that development to existing and planned urban recognize the needs and preferences of the areas. counties. (7) Seek participation from the private sector 45 (6) Explore the possibility of making available for the cost of building infrastructure, utilities, urban land, low-interest loans, and housing and open spaces. subsidies to encourage selective economic (8) Encourage the identification of all areas and population growth on the neighbor within the respective jurisdictions where islands. priority should be given to preserving rural (7) Seek federal funds and other funding character and lifestyle. sources outside the state for research, program (9) Coordinate planning for wastewater and development, and training to provide future solid waste disposal with state an6 county employment opportunities on the neighbor growth objectives. islands. (c) Priority actions for regional growth Sec. -105 Hawaii's Land Resources. Priority distribution: actions for the use of Hawaii's resources: (1) Pursue rehabilitation of appropriate urban (a) Preserve and improve shoreline open areas. spaces and scenic resources. (2) Encourage urban growth primarily to (b) Seek to utilize Hawaii's limited land existing urban areas where adequate public resources wisely in order to insure the facilities are already available or can be protection of the environment and the provided with reasonable public expenditures. availability of the shoreline, conservation lands Secondarily, encourage urban growth away and other limited resources for future from areas where other important benefits are generations. (c) Seek to accommodate urban growth in existing urban areas while maintaining agricultural lands in agricultural designation. SECTION 3. If any provision of this Act, or the application thereof to any person or circumstance is held invalid,the invaliditydoes not affect other provisions orapplications of the Act which can be given effect without the invalid provision or application, and to this end the provisions of this Act are severable. SECTION 4. Part I and Part 11 of this Act shall take effect upon its approval, and Part I I I of this Act shall, upon its approval, take effect on May 1, 1979. THE NEXT STEPS The adoption of The Hawaii State Plan into law by the Governors signature signals a first step. As with anything new, adjustment will take 2! Eel time. The process will be tested as it is put into motion. The provisions for annual review and report insure continual.evaluation of the plan and provisions for amendment enables that changes may be made to improve the process. 41 State Functional Plans in the areas of agriculture, housing, tourism and transportation are to be submitted to the 1979 Legislature. The functional plans for onservation lands, education, energy, higher e ducation, health, historic preservation, recreation and water resources development are to be submitted to the 1980 Legislature. County General Plans are to be in conformance with the Overall Theme, Goals, Objectives, Policies and Priority Directions @U' of The Hawaii State Plan by January 1982. The State Plan Policy Council is to periodically meet and review various planning activities. Importantly, the Council is to be available as a forum for the discussion of conflicts which may arise. The State Department of Planning and Economic Development is to continue to conduct analyses and special studies with regard to statewide policy issues, to review major plans, programs and regulatory activities, and to perform other activities related 46 to the implementation of the plan. It is anticipated that the full potential of The Hawaii State Plan will not be achieved immediately The coordination and integration of the mechanisms will involve concerted diligent work spanning many years. Refinements will continue. The Hawaii State Plan provides a first step, and the efforts of many will be required to insure that Hawaii continues to go forward in planning for a better future. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The following individuals and groups have been The State House of Representatives instrumental in the development and enactment James Wakatsuki, Speaker of The Hawaii State Plan: Neil Abercrombie The hundreds of citizens who contributed their Ralph Ajifu time and efforts to the statewide household James Aki survey, informational workshops, public Byron Baker hearings, and formal legislative hearings. Russell Blair George R. Ariyoshi, Richard Caldito+ Governor of the State of Hawaii Charles Campbell The State Senate John Carroll Ben Cayetano John Ushijima, Senate President Steve Cobb * D.G. Anderson Robert Dods Donald Ching * Faith Evans * Anson Chong * Hiram Fong, Jr. Mary George Richard Garcia Stanley Hara. Donnalkeda* Richard Henderson Minoru Inaba John Hulten * Kinau Kamalii Duke Kawasaki Richard Kawakami Jean King, Chairman, Senate Daniel Kihano Committee on Ecology, Ken Kiyabu * Environment, and Recreation* Ronald Kondo Joseph Kuroda Tony Kunimura. John Leopold Jack Larsen Donald Nishimura Oliver Lunasco Dennis O'Connor Gerald Machida. Pat Saiki * John Medeiros W Buddy Soares * Ted Mina * Robert Taira Norman Mizuguchi Henry Takitani Ted Morioka George Toyofuku * Lisa Naito Francis Wong, Chairman, Senate Yoshio Nakamura 47 Committee on Economic Tony Narvaes Development Henry Peters Richard Wong Andrew Poepoe Mamoru Yamasaki Calvin Say * Wadsworth Yee Herbert Segawa TC. Yim * Mitsuo Shito Patsy Young Kathleen Stanley *members of the Senate Committee on Economic Richard Sutton Development and the Senate Committee on Jack Suwa * Ecology, Environment, and Recreation served as Yoshito Takamine the Joint Senate Committee which was primarily Carl Takamura * responsible at the State Senate level for the Charles Toguchi development of The Hawaii State Plan. Senator Mitsuo Uechi Francis Wong served as Chairman. Meyer Ueoka + S.B. 2173, S.D. 3, H.D. 3, C.D. 1 was passed Charles Ushijima unanimously by the Senate. Clifford Uwaine Dennis Yamada Katsuya Yamada Jann Yuen *Members of the House Committee on State General Planning which was the committee responsible for House Input into The Hawaii State Plan: Ken Kiyabu, Chairman; Ted Mina, Vice Chairman. The vote on H.B. 2173, H.D. 3, S.D. 3, C.D. 1, was 49 in favor and 2 opposed. +Indicates those opposed. The State Plan Policy Council: Hideto Kono, Director, Department of Planning and Economic AW Development, Chairman Joshua Agsalud, Director, Al Department of Labor and Industrial Relations Eileen Anderson, Director, Department of Budget and Finance Andrew Chang, Director, Department of Social Services and Housing Charles Clark, Superintendent, Department of Education Ramon Duran, Chief Planning Officer, Department of General Planning, City and County of Honolulu John Farias, Chairman, Department of Agriculture 0 ft'^_ 140 Sidney Fuke, Director, Planning Department, County of Hawaii Gordan Furutani, Executive Officer, X* Land Use Commission Tosh Ishikawa, Director, Planning Department, County of Maui Richard Marland, Director, Office of Environmental Quality Control 48 Brian N ishimoto, Director, Planning Department, County of Kauai Franklin Sunn, Executive Director, Hawaii Housing Authority William Thompson, Chairman, Department of Land and Natural Resources E. Alvey Wright, Director, Department of Transportation George Yuen, Director, Department of Health The Department of Planning and Economic Development: Hideto Kono, Director Frank Skrivanek, Deputy Director Shoji Kato, Head, Planning Division Ralph Ukishima, Chief, Planning Branch Patrick Ribellia, Planner Raynard Soon, Planner Darrell Yagodich, Planner Mary Lou Yuen, Planner Susan Doi, Clerk-Stenographer Consultants: Daly & Associates Dr Bruce Plasch Marshall Kaplan, Gans, Kahn, and Yamamoto Survey & Marketing Services, Inc. DATE DUE GAYLORD No. 2333 Pklf,'M K! U 5 @ @ I I 11111111 111 Till -3 6668-1-4107 3017-