[From the U.S. Government Printing Office, www.gpo.gov]

06



                  00
        The
            City Of
                Orange Beach



                         Comp       rehensive Plan
                      Adopted by the Planning Commission
                                  March 12 9 1996



                                      Prepared By
                    The South Alabama Regional Planning Commission






        The


   Ira-
            city Of
    r<,*        Orange Beach



                         Comprehensive Plan/
                      Adopted by the Planning Commission
                                  March 12, 1996
                                                        -- Y'v









                                      Prepared By
                    The South Alabama Regional Planning Commission



           Woe = = = M M                                                                                                                = M = = =
                                 Comprehensive Plan                                                                                    Popukdon and Economy




                                                                     POPULATION AND ECONOMY





                                                                                              .. ........


                                                                                                                          ...........
                                                                                              . . . .. ......................
                                                                                                                            ..... .....

                                                                                     ........ .  ......                      . . . . . . . . . . . . .
                                                                                                                      . ..... . ...
                                                                                                 ... . .     . .....
                                                                                    ...........
                                                                                  -  ........ .. ....
                                                                                   ...............                    . .....
                                                                                                      ... .....     .... ....
                                                                                                                  IX,
                                                                   . ...........   Man



             The purpose of this section is to provide an overview of the City's present and future population and economy.


                                                         POPULATION


                                    .......................
                                            ...... ....  -ftulation Estimates

                                 .......... ......... ....
                                 ..........
                                       ...........
                            AW: 0
                                                         The 1990 U.S. Census revealed Orange BeacWs year round population was 2,253, which ranks
                                                                th among Baldwin County's eleven incorporated areas. Orange Beach s 1990 population
                                                         seven
                      .. . . ..... .
                                                         represented over 2 percent of the County's total 98,280 population. The U.S. Census estimates
                                             ..........
                 daRM16.          i     "     ...........
                                         . ......        that Orange, Beach's population in 1992 was 2,424, an increase of 7.6 percent from 1990.
                              00"
                                                         Table I summarizes the main factors contributing to this population growth between the years
                                        ..0              1990 and 1992.
                 b



                       ..............
                                .......... . . ....  .....
                             . ....... ..............

                        ...........
                                           . ....... .






                                                              South Alabama Regional Planning Commission




     Comprehensive Plan                                                                    POPULATION AND ECONOMY
                       
                 TABLE 1                         Age

     SUMMARY OF POPULATION GROWTH FACTORS        The 1990 U.S. Census of Population indicated that the median age
                ORANGE BEACH                     was between 45 and 49 years old.  Approximately 25.7 percent of
                  1990-1992                      the population was between the ages of 25 and 44.  This group is
                                                 Generally referred to as the most economically productive age
     1990 Population                2,253        group.  The age group between 5 and 24 comprised 17.1 percent
     Total Births                      32        of the total population.  Senior citizens, those persons that are 65
     Total Deaths (Minus)             -34        years and older, comprised 21.6 percent of the total population.
     Natural Increase (Births-Deaths)  -2        It is interesting to note the unique population distribution.  The
     Estimated 1992 Population      2,424        City's older population, 55+ years old was equally split between
       (U.S. Dept. of Census                     males and females.  Figure I illustrates the percent distribution of
     Population Gain from Migration   173        population by sex and age groups in Orange Beach and Baldwin
                                                 County.
     Source: 
     U.S. Dept. of Census
     Alabama Deptartment of Vital Statistics
     South Alabama Regional Planning Commission  

     Sex

     Females represented 49.0 percent of the population, of which 34.2 percent were in the childbearing age groups between 15 and
     44 years of age, and 45.6 percent were between the ages of 45 and 69.  Males represented 51 percent of the total population,
     with 19.4 percent of all males under 22 years of age.  The majority of the male population was between the ages of 22 and 74,
     totaling 75.5 percent.

     Race

     In 1990, the White population of Orange Beach totaled 2,241 or 99.5 percent of the total; 0.5 percent of the population was
     Black, American Indian, and Filipino.




             2                                                    South Alabama Regional Planning Commission
 


 moo " M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M
       AM         Comprehensive Plan                                              Population and Economy
       SE @ngC-
           Mach


                                                      FIGURE 1
                         PERCENT DISTRIBUTION OF POPULATION BY SEX AND AGE GROUP
                                      ORANGE BEACH AND BALDWIN COUNTY
                                                         1990


                    12-





                    10-






               2    6-
               (D
               CL

                    4-





                    2-





                    0
                                    14   ;LS - 24 25 - 34 35   44  45   54  55 - 64 65  OVER
                                                      Age


                        male - Baldwln County             Female - BatidwIn County
                        male - orange Beach               remal-e - orange Beach



          Source: U.S. Census., 1990, Summary Tape File 3


                                     South Alabama Regional Planning Commissw*n                            3



         M MM

             city qf
             grange,            Comprehensive Plan                                                                                   Population and Economy




                  Marital Status

                                                                                                                                          .............
                  The marital status of Orange Beach residents who were 15 years or

                                                                                                                                          ...............
                  older in 1990 was as follows: 1,391 or 70.2 percent were married;
                                                                                                                                                    .... ...... .................
                  13.8 percent had never been married; 7.8 percent were divorced; 7.7                                                                          . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
                  percent were widowed; and, 0.5 percent were separated.                                                                                                ............

                                                                                                                                          ...             ........
                                                                                                                                                         ...... .....
                  Households

                                                                                                                                                          ...........
                                                                                                                                                          ...........
                                                                                                                          .. ........................
                                                                                                                               ...........% ..............
                                                                                                                                                          ...........
                                                                                                                              ...........


                                                                                                                                                                        ............
                  There were 1,036 households in Orange Beach in 1990 with 2.17
                                                                                                                                                                        .............
                                                                                                                                                                        ..........
                  persons per      household. Over 48.8 percent of the households
                                                                                                                                                   . . ....             .............
                                                                                                                               .......             ............
                                                                                                                                                   .X .........
                                                                                                                          .... ..                  . . ....
                                                                                                                                                                        .............
                                                                                                                                                                        ... . .......
                                                                                                                                                    .7'                 ..............
                  contained two persons. Another 25 percent contained only one
                                                                                                                                                   .............
                  person. The remaining households contained 3 (14.1 percent), 4                                                                   nu. ...     ...
                                                                                                                                                   ...............................
                                                                                                                                                   ...............................
                  (7.4 percent) and 5 or more (4.1 percent) persons, respectively, as
                  shown in Table 2.                                                                                                ...........................
                                                                                                                                                                        ............
                                                                                                                                                                        ............
                                                                                                                                 ............                           .........
                                                                                                                                                                        ...........
                                                                                                                                                   . ....                 ......
                                                                                                                                          ... ..............
                                                                                                                                      . ..... ............
                  Just over 70.7 percent of all households were classified as family                                        ....
                                                                                                                                   ................. ..............
                                                                                                                                          ...                           ..........
                                                                                                                                   .. ...........
                                                                                                                                                            ...... . ......
                                                                                                                                                                        ..........
                                                                                                                                                                        ..........
                  households with the majority of these being married couple families.                                                        s             .......... ...:.. ..........
                                                                                                                                                   ........ ......

                                                                                                                                                                        ........... ......
                                                                                                                            . . . . .       . ... .. ....... .. .
                  Of these family households, only 25.0 percent had children who                                                             ........... . ..... ... . . .
                                                                                                                                                       . ..... ..
                                                                                                                               ......... .. ::     ....... ..........
                  lived with them. Non-family households comprised the remaining
                  29.3 percent of all households. See Table 3.








            4                                                South Alabama Regional Planning Commission




               
ORANGE BEACH      COMPREHENSIVE PLAN                                           POPULATION AND ECONONY


        TABLE 3                                         Population Projections
                                                 
PERSONS BY HOUSEHOLD TYPE                               It is extremely difficult to project population with a
    AND RELATIONSHIP                                    high degree of accuracy given that population data is
      ORANGE BEACH                                      generally only collected every ten years.  This difficulty
          1990                                          is further compounded by the fact that Orange Beach 
                                                        was incorporated in the interim time frame.  As such,
Household Type/Relationship       Persons   Percent     it is preferable to provide high and low projections with
                                                        the values in-between being defined as an area of
Total Population in Households     2,253     100.0      probability or the interval wherein the future population
                                                        is expected to fall.  Since Orange Beach was
In Family Households                 190      70.7      incorporated in 1984, the larger or high population
   Householder                       732                projections are based on straight-line calculations using
   Spouse                            686                1960 through 1990 data for Baldwin County and
   Other Relatives                   472                applying the results to the latest population figure for
   Non-Relative                       14                Orange Beach (U.S. Census estimates for 1992).  This
                                                        results in the projections of 2,959 for year 2000 and
In Non-Family Households             349      29.3      3,874 for year 2010. The low projection values were
   Householder Living Alone          265                also derived from 1960-1990 Baldwin County data, but
   Householder Not Living Alone       39                adjusted according to residential building permits
   Non-Relatives                      45                issued; this results in 2,702 for year 2000 and 3,294 for
                                                        year 2010.  Figure 2 provides an illustration of the area
In Group Quarters                      0         0      of probability with regard to the City's permanent or
                                                        year-round population projections.
Source:  U.S. Census, 1990, Summary Tape File 3




                                                        South Alabama Regional Planning Commission
 


                                                                                                                                                  ==ion
         44 of
                        Comprehensive Plan                                                                          Population and Economy

                 each


                                                                             FIGURE 2
                                            HISTORIC AND PROJECTED yEAR-ROUND POPULATION
                                                                        ORANGE BEACH
                                                                              1990-2010


                                           4,500





                                                                              . . ......................................
                                           4,000
                                                                                                      3,874
                                                           N
                                                                   AREA OF
                                                                 PROBABILITY


                                                                                  ............ ......         ............
                                           3,500

                                                                                                              .9,'294



                                                     ................................... 2.9,99.      ................
                                           3,000



                                                                                                2,702
                                           2,500   ............. ......... 2;424 .. ......................    .............

                                                           2,2W



                                           2,000
                                                              1990          1992           2000          2010


              Source: U.S. Census, 1990
                         Projections., South Alabama Regional Planning Commission


              6                                     South Alabama Regional Planning Commission




                           Comprehensive Plan                                                                 Populadon and Economy
           59rZ11,91s,




             Seasonal Population

             Orange Beach experiences a large seasonal population influx. The primary attractions are the white sand Gulf Coast beaches
             and water-reiated activities. Gulf Coast Area Chamber of Commerce reported in their Community Profile and Business Data
             for Alabama GuV Coast (1994) that the seasonal population for 1988, 1998 and 2008 was and is estimated to be 18,236,
             25,836 and 32,484, respectively. Calculations for seasonal population projections for year 2000 and 2010 occupancy rates
             for hotel/motel indicates that the summer months (June, July and August) are the peak visitation months, followed by spring
             (March, April and May), fall (September, October and November) and lastly, winter (December, January and February).
             It is assumed that spring and summer visitors have a shorter length of stay Q to 7 days) than those visitors in fall and winter,
             whose stay may extend over several months.

             It should be noted here that Orange Beachs year-round population was an estimated 2,424 in 1992. Table 4 illustrates the
             permanent and seasonal population occupying hotels and motels by month in 1994.

             Information is lacldng regarding seasonal population vacancy rates of condominiums. The Alabama Gulf Coast Convention
             and Visitors Bureau is currently working with a marketing agency to determine this vacancy rate and other formation. The
             City must provide facilities and services to accommodate all of the population, whether they are year-round residents or
             seasonalltourist residents. Figure 3 illustrates seasonal population for Orange Beach in 1994.













                                                   South Alabama Regional Planning Commission                                              7



                                                                                                                                                                                                                     ion

                                      Comprehensive Plan                                                                                                   Population and Economy








                                            .......                                                                                 .......



                                                                                                                                       . ...... ..
                                          . . . . ......
                                  . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .........
                                                                                                                                                            ......... ........
                                  . ..........................
                                  ...................                                                  ......
                                  ..................
                                  ....................
                                  .... ... .....
                                  . ..........

                                                                                                                                                      ....  .........................
                                                                                                                                                      ..................................
                                                                  ................................                                                ... ......... .................
                                                                         ...................
                                  ..... .....                     ................................                       ...
                                                                  ................................
                                                                  .............                                                                       1.          ..
                                                                                                                                                               .................
                                  ................
                                  ...............

                                                                                                                                                                   ..........            ....
                                                                                                                                  ...........           ..............
                                  ..................
                                                                                                                                                             ......................
                                                                                       ......................                                                         .......
                                                                                       .................
                                                                                                                                                          ............
                                  ...                             .......
                                                                                                                                                           ............
                                                                                       ...............                                                            ......
                                  . . . . . . . . . . .
                                  ..............                  ......
                                  ..................                           ......                                                                               ........
                                                                      . ........ ............
                                                                      ........................
                                                                      .........................
                                                                      ........................
                                                                            ... .....             ...........                                                      .................
                                                                                                                         ............

                                                                            ... ..                 ... .
                                                                                                                                                                        .. ...............
                                                                                                                                             ..........                       ..................
                                  .................  . ........
                                  .......                             .....

                                                                                                                                                                                 .............
                                                     ...                                          .... ..
                                  ..............                                                   ........
                                  ..................  ............
                                                  ......              .............
                                                                                                           ....... ..  .......
                                                                      ..... . .....
                                              .. ..........
                                              ............
                                  ........        .... .
                                                                      .............
                                                                                                                                             ...........
                                                                         . .............
                                                                                                                                             ... . .....
                                           ....               .... ......                                               .. X.
                                                                ::                                                                           .. ...........
                                  .........                           . .............
                                  ............ ..                     .....................
                                  ................                    ..........................
                                  .................                   ............................                                           ...........
                                  ...... .......
                                                                                                                                                               ...............
                                  ...      ............. ..........
                                           ............ ...........
                                                                              ..........
                                                     ..........             ..........
                                  ...                .......
                                                     :A:
                                                                            . .........
                                  ..........                                ...............                                ........
                                                     ...... ...             ..............
                                  .. ................                       ................                                            .......

                                                                            ...............
                                  ..........                                ...............
                                  ..........                                ..............
                                                                                                                  . . . . . .. . . . . .....

                                                          ....... ................
                                  .................
                                                                                            ...........
                                                                                                                                                      .............
                                                                                        ......... .....                                                                                        ......
                                  .................                                                                       ......
                                  X... ........
                                  .... .........

                                                     .........  ..........
                                                                                                                                                                                     ..........
                                  ...........
                                  ....................      .......
                                  .......                                                       ..
                                  ........ ..

                                                                                                                                   ........ ....
                                                     .......... ...........
                                  .................  .. ............                                                                                    jX
                                  .. ..... . ......-
                                                                                                                                    ............
                                           ......... ......... ..
                                                                                       .... ........ .
                                                                      ....... . . . . . . .. . . . . ......
                                  ...... ...W                         .......             .............
                                                                                       ....... ....
                                                                                       ................
                                       ............                                                                                                       .............
                                                                                                                                    ............
                                                                                                                                   .. ........
                                  ......... ....                ... ...
                                  .................                                    .....................                                                                                   . .. ...
                                  . .. . ........... ......




                                  ..................
                                                                                                                                                          ......                               .....

                                      ..........




                                                                                                          ................................
                                                                                                             ...................
                                                                                                             ...................                          ......
                                                                                                                                                                          ................
                                                                                                                                                                          ..................
                                                                                       . ...........
                                                                . ..... . . ....
                                                                                       . .... .......
                                                                                       ..................................
                                                                                       I
                                                                                            . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . .
                                                                                        . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
                                     . . . . . . . . . . .                             . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
                                                                                       IN ..9.. ........ .............. ... .



                 8                                                     South Alabama Regional Planning Commisswn



      W111011111 M M M 1=1 M 1=1 M M M 1=1 1=1 MM M MM
        Prange,   Comprehensive Plan                                           Population and Economy




                                                   FIGURE 3


                                      pRojECTED SEASONAL POPULATION
                                               ORANGEBEACH
                                                     1994


                    14000




                    12000
               z
               0
               P    10000


               0     8000



                    6000-





                       .0-1
                         Jan  Feb Mar Apr may June July Aug Sept Oct Nov               Dee
                                                      MONTH

        Source.- Community Profde and Business Data for Alabama Gu4f Coast (1994)




                                    South Alabama Regional Planning Commission                       9



                   mm                           ram m m                                                                               m

              CkIV 1)),
              @range-           Comprehensive Plan                                                                                   PopuMon and Economy




               ECONOMY






                                                                                         ..........
                                                                       . . ......... ..............
                                        owa q@jij@jijxq                    V....
                  Ot                  .,.p
                                        ................ gf                                      XXII
                   ..               ...          . .....


                                                            ... ...........      ..... ...
                 . ........
                                                                              tw@i     ..........
                                     .. .. ... ....
                                                                                   ..........
                                                                                    ........   . . . . . . . . . . . . .... ...
                .. ........
                                                                           ...... to`-
                  ........                                  604 ham:::      . .....
                ...........
                ...........                                                                      . .....
                ...........                                              ................. X.
                                     ...                ...........
                                                                                           ..........
                              . . .. ....... .
                                                                                      .....................
                                                                              .. .. .       ....
                                                               .. ... ..... ...... .
                                      V.-M.
                                                                       ............... ..... ....  ................
                                      . ......    ...........                                      iX.
                                                                 :                         I . . ........
                                               ....       ......... .... .... :..*-* .........
                                                                            . .. ..........   . .. . ...
                                                                                     .: ,.,: ....... .. . .
                                ............. :x:  ... ... X..             ....... ....I . ..... . .
                                             ...... .... .... .





               Education


               An important aspect of any city's economy is the educational attainment of its citizens. This has a direct effect upon the
               income and types of employment which exist in a community. Orange Beach is a tourist/retirement community, therefore
               the City's economy is tied to tourism and its related services. Generally in a tourist-based economy, the education levels of
               citizens are not as crucial a factor as in other communities.

               As Table 5 illustrates, Orange Beach is generally above Baldwin County in educational attainment for persons 25 years old
               and over. While 41.4 percent of persons 25 years old and over in Baldwin County have had some education beyond the high
               school level. Generally, attainment of higher educational levels by Orange Beach's citizens exceeds that of the County's.
               Orange Beach exhibits a 50.2 percent attainment for this educational level.









               io                                            South Alabama Regional Planning Commiss win





                             Comprehensive Plan                                                                         PopulWon and Economy





                                                                                                       Income
                                                                 ............. .................
                                . ................
                             . ..... ....
                                                      Ewa. M@*
                                                                                                       in reviewing the economy, the
                                                                 ...... ...... . . . . . .
                                                                                                       population's buying power or its personal
                                                                                                       wealth was examined. It is one of the
                                                                                                       factors which is reflected in improved
                                                                                                       facilities and living standards. It is also
                                                                                                       an indicator of the deficiencies in these
                                                                                                       same units of society. In a tourist/resort
               ............................
                                                                                                       economy, the influence of income is
                                                       . .........
                                                                                                       d
                                                                                                           ted. Therefore decisions on buying
                                                                                                        ilu

                                  .. . .....
                                                                               444"    I-I's.          land, houses, retail goods and services are
                                                                               ........................ .
                . ........ .....  wrk
                                                                                                       not on
                                                                       .............
                                                                              M.
                                                                                                              ly dependent upon the income of
                                ide"'


                ............
                                                                                      10
                                                                                                       the populace, but also are influenced by
                            . ..... . . .........
                                                                                                       tourist/resort involvement. Such decisions,
                 ...........
                                                                                                       in turn, influence the various types of land

                                                                ...........
                                                                ...........
                                                                                                       use which prevail in such a community.


                                                    ..... ....






              Table 6 shows that in Orange Beach household income is, in general, higher than in Baldwin County. The median household
              income level is significantly higher as demonstrated in 1989 when the median household income in Orange Beach was
              $30,445 compared to $25,712 in Baldwin County. Of all households in Orange Beach, just over 12 percent had incomes less
              than $9,999. This is somewhat less than the percent of households in the County (16.9%). In the upper income ranges, over
              21.5 percent of Orange Beach households earned $50,000 or more, compared to 18.1 percent of the County's households.




                                                       South Alabama Regional Planning Commission                                                       11



                                                                                                                                                                   ="ion

                                Comprehensive Plan                                                                                  Population and Economy







                                                                                                                                                 ..........
                                                                                                                                             . ..........            ..
                                                                                                                                ......................
                    Per capita income is a useful and
                                                                                                                     .... ....... .......
                                                                                                                   ...                           ..........
                                                                                                                                                .....  .......
                                                                                                                         ....................
                                                                                                                                W
                                                                                                                          .............
                    comparaftive tool when determining a                                                                                         .. ... ....

                                                                                                                        . .. . ....

                                                                                                       .............
                    commun
                               ity's buying power. In 1989, the
                                                                                                       ..............
                    per capita income for Baldwin County

                                                                                                                                   .. .....            . . . . . .
                    residents was $12,275. In the City of
                    Orange Beach, the per capita income was                                                                     .........
                                                                                                                                                 MM'
                    $16,512.                                                                       ..............................     . . .......



                                                                                                  V
                                                                                          010
                                                                                                                                               ........ .......................


                                                                                     $30




                                                                                   . .... ...........


                                                                                                                                                    . ............
                                                                                        ft:000

                                                                                                            ..........

                                                                                                                  ......             . . ....
                                                                                                                                                           M
                                                                                     k..
                                                                                                                                                             mum;:
                                                                                       ... ...... . . ..
                                                                                                                                                          W
                                                                                                                    ........................
















                                                                                                                       ion
              12                                            South Alabama Regional Planning Commiss *




             Orange-           Comprehensive Plan                                                                                    Population and Economy
                  Mach




              Table 7 shows 1989 per capita income for the eleven incorporated areas and Baldwin County, in which Orange Beach ranked
              third.


                                                                     Eg3LeM

                                                                     In 1990, there were 193 households with persons determined by the U.S.
                                       . ................ ....... ... ..........

                                                   ..........
                                 M                                   Census to have incomes below the poverty level. This represented 8.6 perc
                               .................. X.
                               .... . .........                                                                                                                    ent
                                                                     of Orange Beach's total population, as shown in Table 8.

                                                                     Labor Force

                                                                                                                                                  ............

                                                                                                                                             ..............
                                              ..........
                                              ..........
                .... . .....
                       . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
                                                                                                                                             ...........
                                                                     Employment           typically generates
                                                                                                                                                   """M: x@i:x)
                   ...........
                                              ........ . ....... . ......
                .... ....                                            population growth as well as provides
                  -:: Gz-                                                  urce of income for the purchase
                         ............                     .....                                                                .....
                   ... ...... ...........         ...                a so                                                        .....
                                                                                                                               ...........                             ...........
                                                                                                                               ..... ....
                                                                                                                               ........ .
                         ...........                                                                                           . ........
                                                                                                                               ...........
                                                                                                                               ...........
                                                                     of   homes, retail goods and local                        ...
                      . .........
                                                                     servic
                                                                             es. In addition, the businesses
                                                 ...5 ..............
                             KO...                                                                                                                                     ..........
                      ..............                                                                                                                                    ........
                                           mom                                                                                                                          ........

                                                                                                                                 . . .........
                                                          ....       which provide employment generate

                                                                                                                                    .. .......                      .. ..... ..
                                                                                                                                                                    .. ...........
                ......                                               revenues and, in turn, support
                                              .........                                                                                                              . .....
                                             AS                                                                                                                     .6  ...........
                                                                     governmental services.
                    ......... ......
                                                                                                                                 ....... ...
                      .. .... . .
                    "NOW.
                ..............  ....


                                                  0
                                                                                                                                                                 ........  .......




                                                                                                                                                                 ...........
                                                                                                                               ...........                               . . ...
                                                                                                                               ...........                               .....



                                                                                                                                                             ............ .........
                                                                                                                               . . .........





                                                             South Alabama Regional Planning Commission                                                                  13






                                  Comprehensive Plan                                                                                           Population and Economy





                      Civilian Labor Force

                                                                                                          .. . .......x
                      Orange Beach's civilian labor force, like
                                                                                                                                            Oki
                      that of other Baldwin County
                      municipalities, has relied primarily on the
                      private sector for employment.

                                                                                          ........ .. ...
                                                                                         ...........
                                                                                         ...........     ...
                                                                                         ........... ..
                                                                                         ...........
                      The labor force of an area is, by
                                                                                         ... ....                                           ......
                                                                                                 . ... . ...
                                                                                                    ..........
                                                                                         ........... . ....
                                                                                         . .......    ......
                      definition, persons 16 years old or over,

                                                                                         ..........
                      who are employed or are actively seeking
                                                                                                             .....................
                      employment. In 1990, the Ci 's labor
                                                                 ity
                                                                                         ...........     .........
                                                                                                         ..... ..                                      .... ..
                      force totaled 1, 105, representing 75.3
                                                                                         .............
                      percent of the City's population between

                                                                                              .............. .....
                                                                                         ...........  ...........
                      16 years and 65 years old. Table 9 shows                                  .......................
                                                                                                 .................
                                                                                                         ............
                                                                                          ............
                                                                                              .....................                          ......................
                      civilian labor force by sex for Orange
                                                                                                      "M
                                                                                                   MIN                                       .......
                      Beach and Baldwin County.
                                                                                                  ...........

                                                                                         ...                                                 ..........
                      Occupation and Class of Worker                                                                                  ........   ..........
                                                                                                                                             .. ....... .
                                                                                                    ..........                           ............
                      As shown in Table 10, the majority of
                                                                                         ..........
                      Orange Beach's 1990 labor force was
                                                                                         ........                                                                                      ...
                                                                                         ..........
                      employed in two major occupational
                      groupings. They were technical sales and
                      administrative occupations (37.0%) and
                      managerial and professional                   specialty
                      occupations (23.7%).





                14                                                South Alabama                  nal Pidnning C-6mmisswn






                        Comprehensive Plan                                                              Population and Economy
         M2219C




           These two occupational groupings represented 61.7 percent of Orange Beach's employed labor force, but only 52.1 percent
           of the County's employed labor force. Sales occupations was the largest occupational sub-group and executive, administrative
           and managerial occupations was the second largest. Both represent white collar positions supporting the City's resort economy
           and retirement community. In 1990, the largest percentage of the County's labor foTce was employed in technical sales and
           related support occupations (29.8%), followed by managerial and professional specialty occupations (22.3%).


























           16                                  South Alabama Regional Planning Commission



                                                                                                                                                                             M M MIM MiiIN
                                                                                                                                                                             Population and Economy
                                           comprehensive Mn.







                                                                                                                   ...... ..




                                                                                                                              .. ..........


                                                                                             ....... ...                                                                                                      ........................


                                           . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

                                                                                             ..........
                                           - - ------ - ---- - -

                                                          .. ... I. .....

                                                                                            ...... ...... . . . . .


                                                                                                                     . ... ......

                           . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . .

                                                                                         16
                                                                            . . .............
                                                     AA     W





                                                                   .......  ...




                        ...... .. .                                 . .. ..

                          .. .......                                  ...
                                              .......... . ............

                                                                                                                                                                                        ...... . .. . . . ...
                                              .....A


                                                                                                                                                                                               .............
                                                                                                                                                                                               ...............
                                            ........                                                                                                4-0..
                                   ......... .





                                                                   . . . . . . . . . .



                                                                          . ... ... ..
                                                       ..........                                                                                                                            ................
                                       MAN'.


                                                                          ............ .......
                                                                          . .........


                                                                                                                                                       . . . . . . . . . . ......
                                                               id
                                                                          .........
                                                                                                                                                                                                        .0
                                                                                                                                                                                       . ..............
                                                                                                                                                                        . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . ....
                                                                   ......... ... .







                                                                                 South Alabama Regional Planning Commission                                                                                               15





             MY Of
             Aft                                                                                                                            Population and Economy
            M@g,,ge-           Comprehensive Plan
                   J@c6ch



               Table I I indicates that Orange Beach's and Baldwin County's working populations were primarily Composed of private wage
               and salary workers, at 67.6 percent and 72.9 percent, respectively. Self-employed workers represented 15.3 percent of Orange
               Beach's employed persons, which was much higher than the County's 8.5 percent, again reflecting the resorttretail orientation
               of the City's economy.


                                    .. ...... ...........  ...
                                                           . . ..... .
                                    ...... .........
                                    ......................
                                      .........            ..... .. .
                                                              ............. ....... .
                                                                      .... . ........................  ......
                                                             .... ...........................
                                      .. . .....

                                    ........... ...... .
                                                                           .... .......
                                    .... .... . ....
                                    ........... .......
                                      ..... . ....
                                    ... ...... ...
                                                                                         MM01
                                    .....................                               ?ii@
                                                                                                                                            ..................................
                                                                                                                                            ..... . . .........
                                                                                           .........................                        ................  .........
                                                                                                                                            ..............
                                                                                                                                            ... ..........
                                    ......................                                                                                        .... .......
                                                                                                                     ...                    ..... ..... ...........
                                                                                          ....... . .................
                                                                                                        .........    ...                    .........
                                                                                                            . . . . . . . . . .             ....... ....
                                                                                                .............   ....                        .......
                                                                                                                                            .. ........

                                                                                                                                            .... .. .....
                                                                                                                ... . ... . .
                                                                                                                ..........
                                      . . . . . . . . . .                                 ...........
                                                                                                                                            X.:
                                                                                                                                                   ...........
                                                                                                                                                     ..........-
                                                                                          -.9 ........                                      :...
                                                                                                                                                :  .. .........
                                    .. ...........
                                                                                              .0
                                                                                                                                            .......................................
                                                                                                                                               x-
                                                                                               .......... ..
                                                           ............ ...... ...........
                                                                                               ............
                                                                                   ..............
                                                                      ..................... . . . ................ ........ ...
                                                                      .....................
                                      ...........                                 ............
                                                                                                                                                     ............
                                    .... ............      ......... .. ......... .. .... ..... .. ... ...................................       ... ......... ..
                                    ..................            .....................
                                    .. ..............                                                                                              . . ....
                                                                                                                                                    ........ ...
                                                           . .. . ....                                          ... .....                   ...
                                    .......................
                                    ............ . . . . . . . . . ........................... .......
                                      ............
                                                                                 .......                        . ....
                                                                      ...............
                                                                  ...................-
                                                                  ....................                  ... . .
                                      .. . . ......
                                      ...........        .....        . ... .......- .......
                                                                  .........................
                                      ........ ........ ---- ............. ... .. .......
                                               ............ .... .... ...... .. ....
                                    . .... .I.I.I.I.-I...........: ... 4X.: ..... ... ................  ............
                                      .................. . . .... .
                                    .. ................................                  ...                      ................. ... ........................................ . . ........
                                                                                                                       .............
                                    ................                                                                                        T..................................
                                                                      . ...... ..
                                      .......... ........         . .. ....... ...
                                                                  ..... .............. .... .. ..... ....
                                                                                  . ........
                                            .... ....... .... .                     . .........
                                                           ....................



                                                                                                                                                .............
                                    ....... ...........                    ...X.:-:.:                     .X                                    Wom
                                                                                                                                                      ..........
                                                                                                                           ...              ..... I. ....... . . ..... .
                                                                             . . ..........
                                              ...........

                                                                      ...............
                                                                  ............... .....
                                                                                                                                            .. ............4
                                                                  M.
                                                                                                                           ...... . . ....  ---
                                                                                                                            .......         ... ........................

                                                                                                                                            ............
                                                                                                                                                ..............


                                                                                                                                            . . ...........
                                                                  Or
                                                                                           . ... ......                                     . .... ...
                                                                                   . ............ ... ..........
                                                                                                                              .............. ..... ..
                                                                                                                      ..... . ....

                                                                                                      ..... ........
                                                                  a   . . . ........................ ................... . .............
                                                                                                                     ............................. ... .. ......
                                                                                                                              4@ik. W
                                                                                                                                            . . ..........
                                                                  .. ... .....
                                                                      ..... .. ....
                                                                      .. ........
                                                                  -X.- ............
                                                                                    ..........
                                                                      ............        .... ....... ...  -xx:
                                                                                                                .. . ...                    ......
                                                                                                    ....... ...
                                                                                ...............

                                                                                                                            ............
                                                                                                             .1 . . . ............ .........
                                                                                                                                            .. ............
                                                                                                                                                    . . . . . . . ........
                                                                                                           .........................

                                                                                                                                                     :@XX-
                                                                                                                                                     ..........
                                              .... ......... ......
                                                                                                                . .... .... .. .. .......   0
                                                                                                                          ......  A.
                                                     . . ......                                                 . .... ......
                                    ............. ..................
                                    . ............


                                                                                                                        ... . .....         ..


                                                                                                                                            . . . . . . . . . . . . .
                                                                                                                     .... .... . .......


                                                                                                                    ..... ...... ...................
                                                                                                                    .... ............. ...... .....








                                                             South Alabama Regional Planning Commission                                                                 17





               'ify qf
                                                                                                                                                     ulation and Economy
                                   Comprehensive Plan
                     B cdch




                      Place of Work


                      Approximately only 40 percent of all Orange Beach's workers 16 years
                      old and over worked in Orange Beach, as shown in Table 12. There
                      are several possible explanations for this: 1) the types of businesses
                                                                                                                                                             . ............
                                                                                                                                                                  . ......     .....

                                                                                                                                                                       ....................
                      located in Orange Beach did not employ the skills of the local labor                                                                   .... ...........................

                                                                                                                                                    ..........             ......
                                                                                                                                                                -W
                      force; and/or 2) the size of the local labor force exceeds the
                                                                                                                                                             ..................
                                                                                                                                                               ...........
                      employment opportunities in Orange Beach.                                                                                                )EA
                                                                                                                                                                   IN ......
                                                                                                                                    ... ...........


                                                                                                                                              ... ......   . ........ .
                                                                                                                                                          ...............
                                                                                                                                                             ..........
                                                                                                                                                               ..............
                                                                                                                                                               ..............
                      The community's economic base is analyzed further by examining its                                                                       ..............
                                                                                                                                                                . ..........
                      economic structure to determine whether it was more involved with
                      exporting its goods and services or servicing the local market.
                                                                                                                                                               ...........-
                                                                                                                                                               .............


                                                                                                                                                               ..........
                      "m loyment by Indusia

                      Retail trade was the largest significant employment category in Orange                                                                                  .. .......

                                                                                                                                                                              ......... .....
                      Beach, accounting for 23.1 percent of the employed work force in
                      1990. See Table 13. Professional and related services was the next
                      largest employment type (14.0%), followed by finance, insurance and
                      real estate (12.1%)

                      Orange Beach's retail sector represented a larger proportion of the City's total employment than did Baldwin County's
                      which was second largest, at 18.7 percent. The City's distribution pattern of employment by industry was not
                      consistent with that of the County's, in which the largest employment type was manufacturing (19.3%). Professional
                      and related services was 18.3 percent of the County's employment, the third largest category. Orange Beach's work
                      force was concentrated heavily in the retail/service industry; its largest revenue source was generated from tourism.
                                                                                                                                                                     .......... ...
                                                                                                                                                                              .2




















                                                                   South Alabama Regional Planning Commission





             Ci(YCJI
                 rat) e.       Comprehensive Plan                                                                                    Popu&don and Economy
                   E each






                                                                                                                                                           . .........
                                                                                        ...... . . . . .........                                           .. .... .. -
                                                                                            .............. ....                                             . . ........

                                                                                    ............ . . . ..............
                                                                                                       ... ....... .....                                     ............
                                                                                                      .... .............


                                                                                                                                                            .............
                                                                                                                                                            ..............

                                                                                                                                                            .............

                                         ................................                                                                                      ......
                                                                                                                                 X                              ......
                                                                                                                               .. ........


                                                                                                                                            @nx


                                                                                                                                          ..........
                                                                                                                                          ..........
                                                                                                                                          ...............
                                                                                                                                .......        ....


                                                                                    .....                           . . .....
                                                                                                                            .............
                             A-
                                                   . . .......... ..
                                                                                                                 ...........



                                                                                                                            xx
                                                                                                                             ...... . . . .
                                                                      ..                                                  ................

                          ............................ .. ...................
                                            .. ......  ....
                             .... ........
                                                 U
                             M.   M.&I't
                                                                                                                                                   X      . .............
                                            .........................                                                                                 ....... ....
                                                                                                                                                     . ...........  .............
                                                                                                                                                          ...................
                                   . .. ............ .


                          .......  ... . .....
                                         4  . .......  ........                                                                                                ........
                                                                                                                                                              ............

                                                                . ... .. ......
                                                          ...................
                                                                                                                                   ............  ..........
                                                                     .. .....                                                      ......... ............
                                                                                                                                   .............  ...........
                                                                                                                                      7'
                                                                                                                                                             .. ........
                                                                                                                                   422
                                                                                                                                       .. .....              .. ......
                                       .... .. ............... .....  ............                                                        ............
                                                    .........                                                                              .........
                                         . .. .....
                                                       . .....  . ........
                                                                                                                                        .. ...........
                          -nX.:                  .. . ...
                                                                 .... .. ..... .        ....w
                                                               .................. ..... .. .                                                .......
                                                                       X.:
                          ....... .. ....
                                                . . ....             ........           .. ...
                                                                                        .....                                          . ...... .........
                                    ...................
                                                                                                                                          . ..........
                                                                                                                                         ....................


                                                                      ...             . ......
                                              C
                                            .... ...... .. ......

                                                                                                                                    ............ ......
                                 q
                                                                                                                                 . .............


                                                                                                                            ..........
                                                                                                                    ............................
                                                                                                                    .............. . . . . ......
                                            .. .................
                                              .. ................
                                              .. ................
                                              .. ................ . .......                                               ....
                                              .. ................
                                              .. ................
                                            ......... .... ........ ..................                              .. .........
                                                             ......................
                                                                ..........
                                                                                                                            ... .....                       .... .
                                                                                                                    ..........................
                                                                                                                       ..... ..... ..... .
                                                                                                                                               .......................................
                                                                                                                                                   .......... %...............-
                                                                                                                                                    ....... ......
                                     .... . ........ .... . ...                      ........                                                               .. ......
                                                                                    ..........   ... . ...
                                                                                   .. ..... ...................                                 ............ ..........
                                            . ..... . .....
                                            . ........ ..... .                                                                . .... .
                                            . ......... ....                                                                                   ....... ..
                                              ......................                                                                           .......
                                                       W.
                                                                .........
                                                                                                                            .... ....... ..................  REM
                                                              ..... ......                                   . . .. ...... ......              . ...
                                                             .............






                                                             South Alabama Regional Planning Commission                                                                19




          
                    	  Comprehensive Plan														Population and Economy
                    




                   Tourism


                   The overall economic impact of visitor expenditures is a chain effect of both direct and indirect impacts
                   are expenditures that pay wages, earn income and pay taxes. Indirect effects are more jobs, wages, salaries, income and tax
                                                                                                                                   I
                   revenues from the income expenditures of those direct recipients. The sum result Is the economic impact of travelers.

                   Tourism has an economic impact in all areas, even extending to traditional service industries such as medical services, dry
                   cleaners, etc. As a result of the increasing tourism and the permanent as well as seasonal population in Orange Beach
                   businesses are increasing as well. Natural resources attracted the population initially and service-based businesses have
                                                                                followed. It should be noted here that condominium/resort hotels have
                                                                                dominated the types of developments along the beach.
                                    TABLE 14
													  There is no retail center or place that provides a sense of place for Orange
				SALES AND LODGING TAX REVENUE					  Beach residents. The lack of a retail center causes visitors to travel to 
					CITY OF ORANGE BEACH					  neighboring communities to shop. There are strip centers that provide basics
					   1989-1993						  such as groceries, pharmacies, and hardware, but more intense shopping
													  patterns cause migration to other retail centers located outside the corporate
		   Sales Tax           Percent of						  limits.
 FY            Revenue            Total Revenue
													  The majority of businesses in Orange Beach are of retail or service trade,
1989	          845,390			-- 							  which are supported by the populous and tourists of the community. Orange
1990		  1,273,326             53.8							  beach's sales tax is broken down as follows: 2.0 percent City, 2.0 percent
1991		  1,465,952             58.4							  County, and 4.0 percent State, equaling an 8.0percent retail tax rate. The 
1992		  1,621,708			56.5							  lodging tax is 3.0 percent. Table 14 describes Orange Beach's sales and 
1993		  1,947,749			59.7							  lodging tax revenue for fiscal years 1989 through 1993.	
                   
Source:    Alabama Department of Revenue
		and City of Orange Beach



20					South Alabama Regional Planning Commission
                    ................  ........
                                




                 city Of
                       rat) e_           Comprehensive Plan                                                                                                                Population and Economy




                    Development/Construction

                    Along with the conventional types of employment, we cannot ignore the development and construction sector of labor force.
                   Listed in Table 15 are the types of construction activity in Orange Beach between the years                                                             1989- 1994.

                                                                                                               TABLE 15
                                                                                     TYPE OF CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITY



                                                                                                             . .....                                                                    . ...... ........
                                                                                                                                                                                        .....................           ....
                                                                                                             ....                 .........
                                                                                                             ..........
                                                                                                                                      ...                                               . . ............ ....
                                                                                                                                                                                        ..................
                                                                                                                                                                                        ........... ........ ..........
                                                                                                             ...........                                                                .............. ................. . ...... .... ......
                                                                                                                                                                             ....................... .. ....... .

                                                                                                                                     ......                                             .....                   ... ...
                                                                                                                                                                                                    .. ....................... ........
                                                                                                                                                                                                       .............. ............
                                                                                                                                                                                                                ................
                                                                                                                                                                                                                .. . .................
                                                                                                                                  ..........
                                                                                                                                                                             . .....                            .... ........... .......
                                                                                                                                                                                                                .............
                                                                                                                                    .......                                                                     . .....
                                                                                                                                                                                                                .............

                                                                                                                                                                                                                ..........
                                                                                                ........     . ............         . . . . . . . . . . . . .                ...                                        .......
                            ...................
                                                                                                                                                                           ...........  .........               ...
                                                 ........ ..                                                                                                        . ..... ................
                                                                                                             ...........
                                                             ......                                                                             .. . ...
                                                                                                                                                     ..............
                                                                                                                                                         ..... .........
                                                                                                                                    ..... .......................
                                                                                                                                                                     .................
                                                                                                                                                              .. . ........
                                                                                                             .. ..............                                                          .......
                                                                                                                                                                                        ................ ......
                                                                                                             ..............
                                                                                                             .................                                                               ........
                                                                                                                                                          .   4        ............     ......
                                                                                                                                                                 -.-  .....................
                                                                                    ...                      . ......                                 . ........ :... _,.:
                                               OW                                                                                                           .......... ......
                                                                                                                                                                           ....................
                                                                                                                                                                                                                ...............
                                                                                                                                                                                        ..........
                                                                                                                                                                                        ...........
                                                                                                                                                                             ..................
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        ..........
                                                                                                             .................                                                          . ........              ........
                                                                                                             ...............
                                                                                                             .................                                                                                          .. ......
                                                          ..............
                                                                                                             .... . ....
                                                                                                                                                                             M
                                                                                                                                                                                                                '4
                                                      W,
                                                         t
                                            .................... .
                                                                                                                                                                                                                ................. ........
                                                                                                                                                       ......................  ......
                                                                                                             . . . . . . . . . . ..
                                              k"""d     dka
                                     ......... ...
                                                 MpIM     ... ... ............  .........
                                                             ...               ...... ....                                                                                                                              ..........
                                                                               ........                                                                                                 .....
                                                                                                             ...........
                                                                                                                                                                                                                . . ........
                                                                               .........                                                                                                              ......................
                                                                        ..............
                                                                   ....................                                           ....                                                                          ........ ...
                                                            ........ ... .... . ....

                                                               .......................  .......                                                                                                                 ...........
                                                                                                                                                                                                       .......... ........
                                                              ................
                                                       ........... ....  .' :  .. ......
                                                       ...........             ...........
                                                                         .. ...... .....

                                                                                                                                                                                                                ............
                                                                                                                                                                                                                ......  .....
                                                           .................

                                                                                                                                                                                                                ... .........
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        ..............
                                                                                                                                                        ...............
                                                                       . ..............
                                                                            .. ..........                                                                                                                       . .........
                                                                                                                                                                                        ...                     .. .....
                                                                                                             ..............
                                                                                                                                                                                                      .......... ....
                                                                          ........ .......
                                                                                                                                                          .............
                                                                                                             .. .....                                                      ..........
                                                                                                                                                                                                                ..................
                                              46ia
                                                                                                                                    ...........                                         . . . . . . .....
                                                                                                                                                                                                                .. ..........
                                                                                                                                                                                                                ................
                                                                                                             .. ...... .                                                                                        ..........
                                                                               .. ....                       . .........
                                                                                                                                  .. . ................                      .........  ......
                                                                                                                                                                .......... ......................
                                                                                                                                                                 . ........................................
                                                                                                                                                                    ...............
                                                                                                             .................
                                                                                                                                                                        .............   .......
                                                                                                                                                                                                                ............
                                                                                                                                                       ....................             ............

                                                                                                             ....... ...                        .......
                                                                                                             . .........                   ... .... ........          .....
                                                                                                                                   .............
                                                                                                                                  ..........              .........                                             X. . ....
                                                                                                                                                                                                                .......... ......
                                                                               ........                      .......
                                                                               .........                     .....
                                                                               ........                      ....
                                                                               ............                                           0          0

                                                                                                               ....                                                                                                     ......
                                              ............                                                                                             ......                                ...                        ...
                                                                               .........
                                                                                                                                                                                                                ........................
                                                   a Ori a*-
                                                                                                                                                                                                                ................
                                                                                                                                                                                                                ..........
                                                                                                                                                                                                       ..................
                                                                                                                                                               . .. ..... ...                          ..............
                                                                                                                                                          ......... .
                                                                                                               ...                                                      .. ... ......
                                                                                                                                                            .........      '-::X@A.'-:  %-.-.-..--.-. .....
                                                                                                    . .....  .. ...                                                                     ..............
                                                                                                                                                          ...........
                                                                                                                                  ..... .. ...            ... .... .                    ..... .....................
                                                                                                                                                 .. .................      . ...        . ...........




                                                                               South Alabama Regional Planning Commission                                                                                               21



             @ M M M M M                                                                   MM M M MM
          atyof        Comprehensive Plan                                                  Population and Economy






          Recommendations


          ï¿½    Throughout the planning period, Orange Beach should continue to promote beautification and conservation efforts and
               incorporate same into the Zoning Ordinance and Subdivision Regulations.

          ï¿½    Encourage commercial development to be compatible and harmonious with the residential community and
               environmental resources.


























          22                              South Alabama Regional Planning Coyr-1-n-icsion






                            Comprehensive Plan                                                                                  Land Use





                                                                    LAND USE



                                                                                                                         .... ...........


                                                                                                                               - ---- - ....


                        ...... .....                                                                                       ..... .........
                         . .........                                                                                       ...... @.-_......-
                           ..........                                                                                        .... ..

                                                                                                             ..            .........I ...............
                              ...                                                                     ............         ..............
                                                                                                        ...........

                                                                                          -            ... ......       ..........X

                                                                                                                        ............
                                                                                                                     ... .........
                                                                                                                  .. ........  ...... ..
                                                                                                                   ........ . ...
                                                                                                                   ....... . ................  ...............
                                                                                                                                ............
                                                                                                 ..... .....
                                                                                           . ...... XX
                                                                                          ............ ........ ..
                                                                                           ..........
                                                                                                 ..... .....        ... . ................ .....
                                                                                                 ..... ..... . ....... ..




             The purpose of this land use section is to identify and depict existing land use pattems and to set forth the physical plan for
             the future development of the City of Orange Beach. This section designates the appropriate location for future land uses
             and establishes policies regarding the location and development of all land uses.

             OBJECTIVES:

               ï¿½    Ensure that all new and existing land uses will be adequately served by facilities, and that all site plan reviews
                    consider the availability of public services and facilities not already committed to other development projects.

               ï¿½    Manage future growth and development using the City's Comprehensive Plan, Zoning Ordinance, and Future Land
                    Use Map including revisions thereto, as a guide. The subdivision of land will be regulated subject to the City's
                    Subdivision Regulations, and also the requirements for compatibility of adjacent land uses, including buffers between
                    significantly different types of land uses (e.g.., commercial and low-density residential) which will be regulated by
                    the City's Zoning Ordinance.

               ï¿½    Continue to require, maintain and promote a safe and efficient transportation network in future developments.



                                                   South Alabama Regional Planning Commission                                             23






              Alk            Comprehensive Plan                                                                                      Land Use
              Apz_ @ngc
                  11car-h


                     Include requirements in the City's Zoning Ordinance for non-residential land uses, as shown on the Future Land Use
                     Map, that promote economic development while protecting the City's character and natural resources.

                     Continue to eliminate land uses inconsistent with the character of the area or with the Future Land Use Map. This
                     should be accomplished through rezoning and the requirement that all propo@ed site plans and subdivisions conform
                     to the Future Land Use Map.

                     Encourage the protection of natural resources from negative impacts of development activities and require that future
                     land uses be coordinated with appropriate topography and soil conditions.

                     Encourage rehabilitation of run-down areas and the removal of dilapidated structures.

              Inventory and Analysis

              The inventory and analysis of the existing use of land in a community is of special interest to community planning because
              the future development of the community will be based on strengthening the positive aspects and character of present and
              past land use patterns.

              As stated in the preface of this document, and for purposes of future development, the City has been divided into four
              neighborhoods. The Mission Statement for the City and for these neighborhoods follows:

              Mission Statement for the City of Orange Beach

              The Comprehensive Plan promotes a city of neighborhoods featuring Traditional Neighborhood Design (TND) characteristics
              that enhance relaxed lifestyles and foster family values. It addresses improved mobility; creating a pedestrian oriented
              environment and adding some form of mass transit to lessen dependence on the automobile. It seeks to maintain Orange Beach
              as a Resort Destination, emphasizing water, fishing and nature related recreational activities. Provisions of the plan attract job-
              producing organizations to furnish diversity in employment opportunities. The natural environmental beauty of the area,
              including land, water, and atmosphere is preserved by the plan. Property values and marketability of homes, residences and


              ')A
              Zd_r                                  South Alabama Regional Planning Commission





            Oran
               ,__ae,@     Comprehensive Plan                                                                                  Land Use


            commercial property will be protected and enhanced through modification of existing zoning laws and by adopting specific urban
            design criteria. Guidelines will be created and adopted to preserve, promote, protect and improve public health, safety,
            protective provisions against natural disasters, comfort, good order and appearance within the Orange Beach jurisdiction.

            Mission Statement for the Romar Beach Neighborhood and the Town Center Area

            The creation of a city identity will be accomplished by converting segments of Highway 182, the main tourist area's arterial
            thoroughfare, to an aesthetically-improved, collector-level. boulevard. The converted portion will span a distance beginning
            at the western edge of the City to its intersection with Highway 161, at which point the improved portion will generally
            follow Highway 161 to a point perpendicular to the center of City Hall. Improvements win encompass a median, on-street
            parking, tree-lined sidewalks and center, and reduced speed limits. Commercial buildings on the boulevard will implement
            a similar urban design, defined signage, harmonizing colors, rear building parking, and revised set back parameters. The
            approach to the Civic Complex will highlight the City's administrative buildings, parks, museums, postal facilities and
            libraries. The advance to this complex will be via tree-lined streets and terminated with impressive public buildings or other
            eye-appealing structures.

            Nfission Statement for the Alabama Point/Perdido Key Neighborhoods

            This neighborhood is located along Highway 182, east of the intersection with Highway 161, south of Cotton Bayou and
            north of the Gulf to the eastern corporate limits. This neighborhood is intended to continue developing much in the same
            manner as it has prior to the Plan. Hotel and condominium type development is prevalent on the south side of Highway
            182 with residential development on the north. Walkways should be incorporated with the required landscaping to promote
            pedestrian movement.









                                                  South Alabama Regional Planning Commission                                            25







                                                                                                                              Land Use
                 .nae      Comprehensive Plan
                11cach


            Mission Statement for the East Orange Beach/Bear Point Neighborhood

            This neighborhood is located east of Highway 161, north of Cotton Bayou and south of Wolf Bay. Promotion of Traditional
            Neighborhood Design (TND) is encouraged. This will continually enhance the relaxed lifestyle, foster family values while
            encouraging the enjoyment of the attributes which attract residents to the area andpromote a pedestrian-oriented lifestyle
            while lessening dependency on the automobile. This neighborhood will provide for multiple land uses, with a mix of
            housing types and incomes, accomplishing a more balanced community. This, neighborhood will accommodate the local
            businesses common to water-based communities (i.e., marinas, bait shops, boat repair, residential bed and breakfast). These
            businesses will only be allowed if the integrity of a particular area in which they are located is maintained and the business
            is harmonious with that area. Using highway right-of-way, install bike paths and landscaping adjacent to but separate from
            the pavement to facilitate bike and pedestrian traffic from this neighborhood to Highway 161 and the Town Center.

            Mission Statement for the Northwest Orange Beach Neighborhood

            This neighborhood is located west of Highway 161, south of Wolf Bay and north of the State Park to the west corporate
            limits. This neighborhood is the least developed of all the areas in Orange Beach. This area should be developed using
            Traditional Neighborhood Design (TND) guidelines. The streets should be developed using grid patterns and limiting the
            use of cul-de-sacs. Each development is intended to connect with future or existing adjacent developments. A mix of
            housing types is encouraged. The designation of sites dedicated to large commercial facilities will provide for economic
            well being and offer job opportunities with compensation higher than minimum wage. This will also provide ridership for
            a mass transit system. These commercial facilities should be sensitive and compatible to the surrounding area.

            Existing Land Use Area

            The South Alabama Regional Planning Commission conducted a windshield survey in the Spring of 1993, and collected and
            mapped information on the existing usage of land in the community. Baldwin County Tax Assessor base maps were used
            in the field to help increase the accuracy of geographic location and parcel size. If more than one use occurred on a parcel
            of land, excluding vacant portions of the land, the dominant use determined the category. Eleven categories were used. A
            brief description of each category follows:



                                                  South Alabama Regional Planning CommiSsilon






                            Comprehensive Plan                                                                                   Land Use
             lez"lac-
                 6 car_h'


             Land Use Categories

             Single-Family Residential (detached units) The single-family residential area is one in which single dwelling units and
             accessory buildings are located on individual lots. This classification also includes single-family seasonal/resort dwelling
             units used as part of the commercial base necessary to support a resort community.

             Duplex Residential (attached units): The duplex residential area is one in which there are two attached dwelling units in
             one structure. This classification also includes seasonal/resort dwelling units used as part of the commercial base necessary
             to support a resort community.

             Multi-Family Residential (attached units): The multi-family residential area is one in which there are more than two dwelling
             units per residential structure. This classification also includes seasonal/resort dwelling units used as part of the commercial
             base necessary to support a resort community.

             Manufactured Homes: This single-family residential category includes anything other than conventional dwelling units,
             including trailers, mobile homes, manufactured homes, etc. that are not sited in designated tourist parks. This classification
             also includes seasonal/resort dwelling units used as part of the commercial base necessary to support a resort community.

             Tourist Cottages and C=Vs: This category includes areas where signs on the property indicate that cottages or spaces to
             park dwelling units such as recreational vehicles or trailers are available. It is oriented towards accommodating the seasonal
             population associated with a resort community.

             Hotels and Motels: This category includes structures which are not counted in the U.S. Decennial Census as a dwelling unit
             and are otherwise conventionally recognized as hotels or motels.

             Commercial/Industrial: This category includes land areas, with or without structures, where goods are distributed and
             personal services are provided and where semi-finished or rough material is ftu-ther processed, fabricated or manufactured.
             it includes warehousing and wholesaling establishments engaged in both indoor and outdoor storage or non-retail sales. Land
             areas where the primary purpose is to provide sleeping accommodations, are excluded from this category as are marinas.



                                                   South Alabama Regional Planning Commission                                              27



               @ = M = = M =.M = = M = M = MM M =
            d@qsf                                                                                                           Land Use
                          Comprehensive Plan



            Commercial Water Depgnden : This category is consistent with the City's current zoning classification of Marina/Resort
            which allows water adjacent property to be used for resort marinas. These marinas may also provide facilities for repair,
            fueling, and maintenance of boats. This category also includes restaurants, shops, and services which cater to the marina
            trade.


            Parks: This category includes public lands planned and currently developed for recreational use or for the protection of
            natural resources.


            Public: This category includes areas occupied by educational and governmental facilities or land which is owned by federal,
            state or local units of government. Semi-public areas include land which is occupied by privately-owned uses that are
            generally open to the public such as churches, cemeteries, lodge halls and similar uses. Recreational facilities are also
            included in this category.

            Vacant: This category includes lands used primarily for natural resource production activities such as farming and timber
            growth. This category also includes land areas within the city used for raising vegetables for personal use and vacant plots
            not currently undergoing development.

            Existing Land Use Analysis

            The corporate limits of Orange Beach contains 7,489 acres, of which approximately 3,866 acres (51.62%) are developed.
            Table 16 shows the existing land uses. The Existing Land Use Map is portrayed in Figure 4.









            28                                   South Alabama Regional Planning (7ommission











                   Aft
                  RRM                   Comprehensive Plan                                                                                                                             Land Use
                            -V Ic






                                                                                                          . . ........                                               .........
                                                                                                                                                                     ...... . . . .


                                                                                                            .. ...         ......
                                                                                                               .. ........... .
                                                                                                ....... .....
                                                                                                                             .....                                   .. ...
                                                                                                          ........ ..

                                                                                             ....................
                                                                                                                         ..........
                                                                                                                  ...........................


                                                                                                ..............


                                                                                                                                                                     ................
                                                                                                                                                                     ..... ......
                                                                                                                                  ...........                        .........
                                                                             . .... ......                                        ............                       ...
                                                                               . ....... ... lam                        A  .....                                     ......
                                                                             ............................ ..........

                                                                                                                   ......                                            .....
                                                                                                                                                                     ........ . ... . .....

                                                                                                                                                                     ......... .

                                                                                       .... ......

                                                                                       ..........
                                                                             ............. ..............
                                                                                                                                                                     ..........
                                                                             .............
                                                                                                                                                                     ...........

                                                                                                                                                                     ...........

                                                                                                               ................

                                                                                                                     ...........


                                                                                                                                                                     ..........
                                                                                                               ..............                                        ............... ......


                                                                               .. . .... . . . . . . ......
                                                                                       ...  ......             ... ....                                              ........ ..........
                                                                                                                                                                     . . . ....... .
                                                                                       ...............                                                               -------
                                                                                                                                                                     ..............
                                                                                                                                                                     ... . ...... .. . . . .....
                                                                                                                                                                     ....... ....
                                                                                                                                                                     .................
                                                                                                                                                                     ............
                                                                             .............
                                                                             .......   .... . ...





                                                                                                                             . . ........

                                                                                       ..... ......... .....
                                                                                       . ........ .. .                                                .....          ..... ..... .......
                                                                                       .............                                                .........        ...........
                                                                                                ...               ...                               ....
                                                                                                                                                    . .....          ......
                                                                                                                                                                     .............................
                                                                                                                                                       ............
                                                                                             . ....                                                                  ........... .........
                                                                                                                                                                     ..........
                                                                                                                                                    . ..................
                                                                             ......  ......
                                                                             ....... ........                                                       . .. ....

                                                                                                                       ... . .....  ........
                                                                                                                       . .......... ..  ......                       ...
                                                                                                                                                                     ..........
                                                                                                                          .................
                                                                                                ...                  ..........................
                                                                                                                                                                     .......... ..

                                                                                                                                                                     ...........
                                                                                                                                                    ............
                                                                                                                                                                     ...............
                                                                                                                                                                     . ....... ..
                                                                                                                                                                     ............
                                                                                       . . . . ......                                                                ...........


                                                                                             ......            . ....
                                                                                                                           @V
                                                                                                               ...................     . .......... ........
                                                                                                                                     . .. ....................
                                                                                                             X.X.
                                                                                                               .............. .... . .......
                                                                                                   . . . . .. .......                                                .... . . .





                                                                        South Alabama Regional Planning Commission                                                                                  29



   M M M M M M M M.MM M M M M M MMM M
      dqp@f  Comprehensive Plan                                 Land Use
     1*2 @qcl
        Bcacb







                                                  e




                         THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFF BLANK-



























                                                                       1


      30                 South Alabama Regional Planning Commission








                                                                                   FIGURE 4
                                                                        GENERALIZED EXISTING LAND USE
                                                                                ORANGE BEACH
                                                                                     1994









                                     or








                                                             Ft
                                                                                                                         AMA



   M MM M M M M M.MM MM M MM M M MM
    d@q of                                      Land Use
    Prang,c, Comprehensive Plan
      M-Ocb



    map




























    32             South Alabama Regional Planning Commission







             ld@', Of
             Aftk
             MZ11.9,1C Comprehensive Plan                                                                                     Land Use


             Residential

             Residential development is the largest use of developed land in Orange Beach. Single-family residential developments are
             predominant, followed by multi-family and manufactured homes. The multi-family developments are predominately found
             along the beach and manufactured homes are scattered throughout the City although mostly concentrated in the northeast
             section of the City.

             As shown in Table 16, land developed as single-family residential use is 1,488 acres. There are 2,051.60 acres zoned for
             single-family/duplex residential use (RS-1, RS-2, and RS-3). Land developed in those particular zoning districts comprise
             1,221.20 acres. This leaves 830.4& acres zoned for uses allowed in RS-1, RS-2, and RS-3 currently available for
             development.

             Land developed and used for multi-family use is 13 1.00 acres. When compared to zoning categories which allow for this
             type of development (RM-1 and RM-2), there are 250.50 acres zoned with 128.81 acres actually developed, leaving 119.50
             acres undeveloped available for duplex or multi-family development

             Land developed for manufactured home usage is 147.00 acres. There are two zoning districts that provide for mobile home
             placement, MHP and MHS-1. These two zoning districts combined provide 201.60 acres zoned for this land use. It should
             be noted that the majority of land being used for manufactured home placement is not in zoning districts that allow this type
             of development.

             Commercial/Industrial

             Although commercial land use which includes retail, service and wholesale establishments, does not represent one of the
             largest land uses, it is an important generator of traffic. Land developed as a commercial/industrial use is 222.90 acres.
             Land zoned for commercial/industrial use is 768.00 acres. Therefore, there are 545.10 acres currently zoned for commercial
             or industrial use available for development.




                                                 South Alabama Regional Planning Commission                                            33





            a'qflf                                                                                                             Land Use
               T,Dr)       Comprehensive Plan



            Commercial Water Depgnden

            There are 15.60 acres currently being used in this land use category. There are 214.90 acres zoned as Marine Resort District
            This leaves 199.30 acres currently zoned for commercial, water-dependent activity available for development.

            Agricultural

            This area is located on the outer fringes of the corporate limits and as the City continues to grow, these lands will disappear
            and be replaced by urban development. There are 1,766-00 acres used for agriculture land use. There are 1,766-10 acres
            zoned for agricultural use and 1,766.10 acres developed for agriculture use in the agricultural zoning district.

            Public/Quasi-Public

            The level of governmental services, educational, health, recreational and other cultural facilities is an important aspect of
            the total development of the City. These facilities are necessary for and environment which provides healthy, functional,
            and pleasant living conditions. They are also the major elements which enhance the human values of an area and its
            attraction to new residents.

            Public facilities comprise 109.00 acres of developed land in the City. There are 1,505.00 acres developed as park, 101.00
            acres developed as public and 2,035.00 acres which are vacant or undeveloped in the City. A comparison of zoning districts
            is not applicable because the City does not have a zoning category which accommodates these use types.

            Vacant[UndeveloW

            This land includes woodland, wetland, and vacant parcels, and is devoid of urban development. There are 3,801.00 acres
            of land which are undeveloped, which equals 50.75 percent of the total land area of the City. Any further development or
            future use of this land should conform with development policies that are established in this plan.




            34                                    South Alabama Regional Planning Commission







              Olt
            A%,            Comprehensive Plan                                                                                   Land Use
            MZ1'1__q1C
                Ecach


            It should be noted here that within each zoning category, the amount of zoned land exceeds the amount of land currently
            used. Also, the City has a zoning category for Planned Unit Developments. Land developed in this zoning category is
            382.90 areas. These areas could be placed in the zoning category which allows for the particular land use of the property
            to get a more accurate land development use calculation.

            Land Use Relationship-S

            The compatibility of one land use with another in its physical or spatial relationship is a primary factor in the location of
            new developments. The Orange Beach Zoning Ordinance and this Comprehensive Plan deal directly with the physical
            relationships of land use types, especially in definition and mapped location of zoning districts. Industrial uses are not
            normally compatible with low-density residential uses. Thus, there should be horizontal distance, a transitional land use type,
            or a physical buffer between the two. However, the physical relationship between a neighborhood business such as a
            convenience store and a residential area could be much closer.

            The compatible location of land use types also achieve broader goals of the entire community such as adequate light, air and
            safety; economically it promotes and conserves the value of land, buildings, and structures; and it promotes the public health,
            safety, comfort and general welfare of the community. Table 17 outlines general land use types, indicating their basic
            compatibility and incompatibility with each other.













                                                  South Alabama Regional Planning Commission                                             35



                M M


                      My 'j.
                       Afth                            Comprehensive Plan                                                                                                                                                                                                          Land Use
                     M@ @Dgt


                                                                                                                                                                TABLE 17
                                                                                                                                       LAND USE RELATIONSHIPS
                                                                                                                                                                GENERAL




                                                                                                               RESI_                                    INDUS-                          CON MUS ITY
                                                                                                             DENTIAL            COMMERCIAL' TRIAL                                       FACILITIES                      TRANSPORTATION                      UTILITIES



                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          00
                                                                                                                                                                                        A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    .00,                                                  -.04
                                                                                                                                                                                                             '24
                                                                                                                                        0                                               14
                                                                                                                                                                                                             14                                             0.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    A 14       @4
                                                                                                                                                                                                41
                                                                                                                                                                                                40
                                                                                                                                                                        94                                                                          14      8.     so     -0
                                                                                                                              @4        0        1%                     0.
                                                                                                                                                                                 0      @4      40    A                 14
                                                                                                             (A                                                         r                                                       0)     0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             14      U      Aj
                                                                                                                                       v4                     04                                r-4    1.
                                                                                                             0                                  -.4                     Ck.                                                                         Is
                                                                                                             ,4



                                     AGRICULTURE
                                     RESIDENTIAL
                                        Sinitle-F=ily
                                        Nuiti-FamLly
                                     COMMERCIAL
                                        General Commercial
                                        Nalthborhood Commercial
                                        N
                                           Ithway Commercial
                                         I
                                     INDUSTRIAL
                                        Lisht industry
                                  .CoMMITY FACILITIES                                                                                                                                                                                        A-
                                        Schools                                                               6
                                        Parks
                                        Municipal Buildints
                                     TRaSIORT&TON
                                        Terminal & Transfer                Facilities I
                                        Thorou hfares
                                     UTILITIES
                                        Sewer Service
                                        water service



                       Source:                           South Alabama Regional Planning Commission


                       12 Ir                                                                               South Alabama Reggional Planning Commission
                       .M                                                                                  "U






                            Comprehensive Plan                                                                                 Land Use



             Proposed Future Land Use

             The Future Land Use in Orange Beach has been developed using the Mission Statements that are seen earlier in this section.
             The Future Land Use Map is a visual representation of the thrusts of these statements.

             Resource Valuable (Wetlands) Development Districts

             This District on the future land use map is limited to depicting wedands. Wetlands are the one major natural resource not
             present on the City's current zoning map, but which are subject to regulation at the state or federal level. These areas have
             been designated as Resource Valuable (Wetlands) Development Districts. Wetland indicators (transferred from maps produced
             by the Mobile Office of Army Corps of Engineers and/or approximate locations of hydric soils taken from the Soil Survey
             of Baldwin County) were used to identify these areas. This land use designation is intended as a broad brush approach to
             identify potentially sensitive areas. The City should update this land use designation when the Advanced Identification Project
             (ADID) is complete. The City has entered into an agreement with EPA for wetlands delineation through this program.

             This land use designation should be incorporated into the Zoning Ordinance as. an overlay district. This district will protect
             environmentally-sensitive lands, while ensuring development options by permitting flexibility in development regulations.
             The flexibility allowed in cluster development or a Planned Unit Development (PUD) would be a highly desirable method
             under which to develop the property located in these districts or areas surrounding these districts. Ultimately, however the
             zoning ordinance and map should govern land use decision making until the community is comfortable with breaking from
             this tradition.


             Residential

             Because residential land plays such an important role in the quality of life, planning for the development of residential
             neighborhoods and support facilities for these neighborhoods (such as parking, schools, shopping, public infrastructure, and
             public services) is a central concern. Orange Beach must be able to provide sufficient quantities of desirable housing in a
             variety of structural types and income ranges to meet market demand.



                                                  South Alabama Regional Planning Commission                                              37








                                                                                                                                 Land Use
                            Comprehensive Plan



             The concept of a goodplace to live is greatly influenced by design and function of the neighborhood. Well-designed and
             maintained neighborhoods create an environment that is safe from crime and protected from traffic. Neighborhood design
             can protect property values, and provide desired services and facilities in a pleasing manner.

             While residential density is merely a measure of the number of residential structures @within a unit area of land, it also affects
             housing types and has some impact on surrounding land uses. Residential density affects the size and spacing of arterial
             streets, schools and parks, and commercial areas. It is a determinant of the size of water mains and other utilities. Residential
             density is a significant factor in the plan for the City of Orange Beach.

             Residential areas should have varying densities depending upon the type of development, location and degree of improvements.
             Table 18 shows development potential in residentially zoned areas that are undeveloped.

             These areas represent planned and stable residential uses of all densities. Typically, the land has been divided and approved
             as a total plan, such as in residential subdivisions or residential cluster-type developments or Planned Unit Developments
             (PUDs). The areas may also include groupings of single parcel lots with a history of residential use, having grown into stable
             residential areas over long periods of time, usually due to the presence of other residential uses nearby or within the irnmediate
             vicinity.

             Most of the remaining undeveloped property assigned to this category, through the zoning map, is located in a Natural
             Resource Protection District and the preferable technique for residential development in these districts would be the cluster-
             type development or Planned Unit Development (PUD).

             Public Park/District-Protected Natural Resources

             These districts are able to reinforce the purpose for which many people live or vacation in this area. They provide relief from
             the strain, pressures and stresses of daily life. The Gulf State Park now makes up the bulk of this property and while wetland
             indicators are present in the Gulf State Park and other park areas, they are not included in the Resource Valuable (Wetlands)
             Development Districts. These natural resources within the parks are protected.



             38                                    South Alabama Regional Planning Commission







                         Comprehensive Plan                                                                        Land Use





           If the City finds that private development can successfully protect wetlands, then future maps should be adjusted to change
           the designation of the protected property from the Resource Valuable (Wetlands) Development District to Public Parks-
           Protected Natural Resources. When resources are protected and this is evident to the population, the area becomes
           qualitatively more valuable.


























                                             South Alabama Regional Planning Commission                                     39



                @ @ @ @ M M M


                       kv 0i
                                                    Comprehensive Plan                                                                                                                                                                                      Land Use



                                                                                                                                             TABLE 18
                                                                                         DEVELOPMENT POTENTIAL IN RESIDENTIAL USES
                                                                                         VACANT LAND BY RESIDENTIAL ZONING DISTRICT
                                                                                                                                 ORANGE BEACH
                                                                                                                                                1992

                                                                      Residential          Acres        Esfim,tod      Average No. Residential                  A=        Average No.           A= @ Average No.             Development
                                                                       LOW Use           Developed! No. of Units Of Units Per                zmwg         Developa          of Units        Vacant by        Of Units         Potential Of
                                                                                                         in lWr             Acre             Mutts                          Per Acre                       Permissible       VacantLand
                                                                                                                                                                                                            Per Acre           75oned for
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Residential Mv.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            by No. of Units
                                                                    Single Family          1,4U            1,594            1.07        Single Family           I'm           1.03              803             NIA              3,152


                                                                                         1990 Census       1,431                             RS-1               908.65                          708.25          3.5              2,478
                                                                                         Building            163                             RS-2               304.94                          98-56           &5                 367
                                                                                         Permits                                             RS-3               7.53                            23.67           13.0               307
                                                                                         through                                             PUD                3M9                                 0           7.7                N/A
                                                                                           Im
                                                                    Trailers         1     147               612            4.16             Trailers             -92         6.65              110             NIA                671

                                                                                         1990 census         612                             hm                 7.23                            102.67          6.0                616
                                                                                         Building               0                            NW                 24.36                           7.34            7.5                  55
                                                                                         Permits
                                                                                         through
                                                                                           1992

                                                                       All Other           203             2,605            13.62            All Other          380           14.59             252             WA
                                                                         Units                                                               units
                                                                                         1990 Census                                         RM-1
                                                                                         Building                                            RM-2               46.25                           7.91            29.4              225
                                                                                         Permits                                             BR-1               82.56                           47.02           28.4             1,335
                                                                                         through                                             BR-2               .16.29                          74.93           28.4            2,128
                                                                                           1992                                              MR                 95M                             57.65           28.4             1,637
                                                                                     1               1               1                1                 1       139-97   1               1      64.04           28.4     1       1,819
                                                                       TOTAL 1             1,851     1     On               NIA              N/A        1       4075     1    2.32       1      1,165           WA                933


                                                                          Data collected from windshield survey conducted in ft Spring of 1993 to record land use I)W On individual Parcels throughout the City-
                                                                    2     Data based ot, 1990 U.S. Ceow of PWuladou added to Wilding permits issued by the City during 1990, 1991 &W 1992.
                                                                    %     Derived by dividing "Estimated Number of Units *by Acres DeveloPeC.
                                                                    4     Derived by dividing Mstimated Number of Units" by 'Acres DevelopW.
                                                                          Based on cootm zowng ordmance and allowing 25 Percent of land am for inkastructute.
                                                                          Average of RS-1, RS-2 and RS-3.
                                                                    7     Based on the highest number of units allowed (10 units).
                     Source:                     South Alabama Regional Planning Commission


                     Aft                                                                         Soutth Alabama Regional Planning Commission







             Y Of
                           Comprehensive Plan                                                                                   Land Use
                 b cacb



            Mixed Use District


            This district was created to achieve two purposes--to allow for flexibility to follow the existing zoning map and to change
            the zoning map as new visions develop which incorporate minimizing the impact of development upon surrounding fragile
            ecosystems. These districts are more often than not within close proximity to a resource valuable (wetlands) area. The
            development of these properties is likely to have an impact on property that is resource valuable. If impacts will occur, cluster
            development or Planned Unit Development would be the optimal type development.

            Marina District


            The boundaries of these districts were transferred directly from the zoning map onto the Future Land Use Map, with a few
            exceptions. The majority of those exceptions were made to accommodate areas which have been identified with wedand
            indicators and were placed in the Resource Valuable (Wetlands) Development District. The current Marina Districts are now
            developed in the same manner as a Planned Unit Development. As this recreational feature has grown, so have the number
            of conflicts among coastal area users. Further study is needed to implement and to improve coordination between recreational
            boating use, water quality and land use, as well as to guide marina siting.

            Solutions which minimize the impact of development upon the coastal waters, salt marshes, wetlands, beaches and upland
            areas on which activities may take place which will affect the tidal waters are an important goal. Further assistance with these
            matters can be accomplished through the Coastal Zone Management Program managed by the Alabama Department of
            Economic   'and Community Affairs. A     "Successful Coastal Zone Management Program is structured to assure that the needs
            of one user group will not be met at the expense of others. The City should move to take advantage of the quality of
            information which can be generated and collected by drawing upon this particular resource.







                                                  South Alabama Regional Planning Commission                                              41



               M Mom M M M




            lily 40f@
                                                                                                                              Land Use
            Orange,        Comprehensive Plan
                   each


            commercial

            These districts show where a strong trend of commercial clustering is now occurring and include a number of adjacent vacant
            lots for future development. Commercial uses include those listed in the current ordinance as neighborhood or general
            commercial. Areas where commercial uses are mixed with other uses and where future commercial establishments may also
            be able to locate can be found in the Mixed Use District.


            Beachfront Mixed Use District

            The property located in this district is the most valuable, and the most prone to natural disaster. The property is responsible
            for generating significant amounts of revenue, but its cost has not been adequately studied. The capital which has been so
            lavishly invested, for the purpose of return and for generating indirect revenue flow, is highly vulnerable. In the event of a
            disaster, the revenue upon which the City has become so heavily dependent, will cease to be generated.

            Only about 14 percent of the developable beachfront land (on a parcel basis) remains vacant and most of this is zoned for
            high-density use. Aesthetically, low-density development has been more successful than multi-family development at
            preserving the natural beauty and environmental quality of the beachfront. Where several large structures have been built
            next to one another, they have created an imposing and massive wall of concrete, not compatible to the human scale and
            beauty of the environment. There are several areas, presently vacant, which are zoned multi-family and when developed
            according to the existing zoning ordinance, can be expected to produce a similar effect. Rezoning additional single-family
            to multi-family would be desirable only if a higher quality of design could be achieved. A credible program to reward design
            excellence should be considered as part of the City's future, for this district as well as for all others.







            42                                    South Alabama Regional Planning Commission








            d 1Y. Of
                           Comprehensive Plan                                                                                   Land Use
                Beach


            Industrial

            Industrial activities many times involve the processing, handling and creating of products as well as research and technological
            processes. Heavier industries may include manufacturing, assembling, fabrication and processing, bulk handling of products,
            storage, warehousing and heavy trucking. All should be interrelated in terms of intensity of use. They should be operated
            to minimize external effects of noise, glare, air and water pollution and fire. They should be near adequate utilities and
            transportation facilities. The area shown as industrial on the Future Land Use Map is where there is an existing trend for
            industrial development. No natural hazards should be aggravated and the general character of Orange Beach should not be
            changed.

            Public Facilities


            This area reflects the City Hall Complex, fire stations and water towers. This is not expected to change throughout the
            planning period.

            Annexed Land

            The direction of growth for the City are limited to three areas. One is the possible incorporation of Ono Island, the second
            is annexation of the areas north of the Intracoastal Waterway, and the third is the possible acquisition of State Park properties
            adjacent to the City.

            The City's policy will be to continue to respond to and honor individual annexation petitions by individuals and areas, as long
            as the land is contiguous to the corporate limits. This land will be zoned for residential use (RS-1) unless it is otherwise
            classified by the Planning Commission and City Council and is in conformity with the Comprehensive Plan.






                                                 South Alabama Regional Planning Commission                                              43



 @M= M M M M M.M M M M M MMMM MM

  dty of                   Land Use
  Vronac. Comprehensive Plan
   hcacb







                     e




          TIHS pAGE HiMNTIONALLY LEFr BLANK

























  44      South Alabama Regional Planning Commission







                                                                     GENERALIZED FUTURE LAND USE
                                                                               ORARGE'BEACH
                                                                                     2010




                                                    "VWAIW MGM


                                                                                   fmnm" WWW
                                                                                      w m
                                                                                   WMAIM own








          -c



























                                                                                                                                  LEGEND


                                                                                                                  PUBLIC PARICS

                                                                                                                  RESOURCE VALUABLE

                                                                                                                  PUBLIC FACILITES

                                                                                                                  MARINA

                                                                                                                  BEACH FRONT MIXEI)



 M M M M M M M =.= M MM M M M M M MM


   d ty, of
                              Land Use
   Onanae. Comprehensive Plan
    B each








   FIGURE




























   46       South Alabama Regional Planning Commission



 == = ===== = == == = = = MM Ell


            dly Of
                          Comprehensive Plan                                                                              Land Use



            Recommendations


            Romar Beach Neighborhood and the Town Center Area

            ï¿½ For lands designated as Mixed Use on the Future Land Use Map, require architectural design guidelines for properties
              abutting the north and south side of Highway 182 (east of 161) and the east and west side of Highway 161. This
              requirement may be reviewed case by case to ensure there will be protection to any existing trees of significance (6" in
              diameter). Commercial development should not be authorized by the City p6or to an agreement between the City and the
              Highway Department which accomplishes the provisions as set forth by the mission statement for this area.

            ï¿½ Require parking to be located on the side or to the rear of the development. Limit the number of parking spaces for uses
              other than residential. (Possibly require only enough for the employees.)

            ï¿½ Provide City-owned parking areas to satisfy existing parking needs.

            ï¿½ Coordinate'with the State Highway Department to redesign portions of Highway 182 and Highway 161 to the collector
              classification as shown on the Future Transportation Map.

            ï¿½ Coordinate with the State Highway Department to redesign portions of Highway 182 and Highway 161 to:

                   ï¿½ Provide on-stmet parking
                   ï¿½ Provide sidewalks
                   ï¿½ Provide a median
                   ï¿½ Lower speed limit to 35 mph
                   ï¿½ Provide pedestrian cross walks with lighted signals

            ï¿½ Purchase property surrounding City Hall to develop the Civic Complex.,


                                               South Alabama Regional Planning Commission                                          47








                                                                                                                            Land Use
            krar)          Comprehensive Plan
                  cacb


              Establish a Citizens Committee to develop the theme, style and development layout of the Civic Complex.

              Replace street lights to pedestrian- scale street lights.

            Alabama Point/Perdido Key Neighborhoods

            ï¿½ Provide pedestrian-sized walkways and landscaping that encourages pedestrian mobility.

            ï¿½ Coordinate with the State Highway Department to provide for bike trails located within the right of way but separated from
              the Highway pavement.

            East Orange Beach/Bear Point Neighborhood

            ï¿½ Create a zoning district that will allow for businesses typical to a water-based community to be scattered throughout this
              area.


            ï¿½ Allow setback flexibility to accommodate additional small housing units on lots already occupied by a primary building.

            ï¿½ Coordinate with the State Highway Department to provide for bike trails located within the right of way but separated from
              the highway pavement.

            ï¿½ Consider this area as an area for redevelopment featuring Traditional Neighborhood Design characteristics. The City should
              seek state and federal funding sources to facilitate this redevelopment.

            ï¿½ Designate an area for a park/open space to serve the needs of all residents regardless of their age. This area should be
              identified on the Future Land Use Map.



            48                                   South Alabama Regional Planning Commission








          dty Of
          Am  %@
          Swr         Comprehensive Plan                                                                 Land Use
               cacb


          Northwest Orange Beach Neighborhood

          ï¿½ Designate flexible zoning criteria for areas in this neighborhood to allow for a mix of housing types.

          ï¿½ Design a master street plan for this area. Special attention should be given to the resource valuable (wetlands) area
            designation on the Future Land Use Map.

          ï¿½ Designate areas for large commercial facilities on the Future Land Use Map.

          ï¿½ Designate areas for the development of small neighborhood businesses to accommodate the needs of the neighborhood.

          Additional Recommendations for All Neighborhoods

          ï¿½ Create Neighborhood Development Committees to ensure that development is in compliance with the Mission Statement
            for that neighborhood and with the Comprehensive Plan

          ï¿½ Adopt additional building codes requiring buildings to be built with the latest state-of-the-art materials and workmanship
            to sustain hurricane force winds and storm surges.

          ï¿½ Adopt additional guidelines for dune protection.

          ï¿½ Adopt guidelines for dune reconstruction due to relocation caused by ston-us.

          ï¿½ Adopt guidelines that require improvements for all utilities be underground. This includes, but is not limited to, new service
            lines for an area, repair/replacement lines for an area and redevelopment of an area.




                                        South Alabama Regional Planning Commission                                49







            AM&           Comprehensive Plan                                                                                  Land Use
                  cacb



            ï¿½ Adopt procedures for the City to purchase beachfront property.

            ï¿½ Create a staff position to be filled by a professional City Planner.

            ï¿½ Adopt guidelines that prohibit colored soil on the beach (south of Hwy. 182.).

            ï¿½ Promote the decentralization of low-cost housing. Provide a Zoning District that allows for a primary and secondary
              dwelling unit on a single lot.

            ï¿½ Establish density requirements for developments and incorporate in the zoning ordinance.

            ï¿½ Establish regulations that encourage commercial developments that maintain desirability, quality and integrity of residential
              life in Orange Beach.

            ï¿½ Develop written policie's on economic development to guide industrial/busiiiess location in close coordination with the local
              Chamber of Commerce.


            ï¿½ Coordinate with the Alabama Gulf Coast Convention and Visitor's Bureau to determine occupancy loads for condominiums
              to determine impact on public facilities.

            ï¿½ Establish an architectural review cominittee to review and monitor proposed developments using established guidelines.

            ï¿½ Update the Future Land Use map with the ADID results.

            ï¿½ Develop a coastal zone management program.



            50                                   South Alabama Regional Planning Commission







            dty I@f
                         Comprehensive Plan                                                                           Land Use
            IWSO@e-
                I@cacb



            ï¿½ Encourage clustering and innovative design for developments occurring in or adjacent to resource valuable areas.
            ï¿½ Develop zoning districts that require designs which enhance and maintain the City's natural beauty.
            ï¿½ Manage growth to ensure environmental protection.
            ï¿½ Review each proposed development to ensure that adequate utility capacities exist (i.e., water, sewer and drainage).
            ï¿½ Develop landscaping guidelines that ensure a high percentage of native plants are used for each proposed development.
              Develop a stormwater management study and require drainage studies for all proposed developments.




















                                              South Alabama Regional Planning Commission                                       51








         dtyof
          Aft        Comprehensive Plan                                                            Land Use
         qw!@ @n-qc-
             Mach












                                       THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFF BLANK
























          52                           South Alabama Regional Planning Commission







               dty '@f
               Orange            Comprehensive Plan                                                                                                           Housing


                                                                                    HOUSING





                                                                                                      ..............
                                                                              . .... .........
                                                                                                        .......                            ...
                                                                                      ...                                                  .........
                                                                                 .... . . ......
                                                                                                                                            a F
                                                                                  .. .....                                                   ......... ...
                                                                                      Aw   .......
                                                                                                                    ..........            ... ...- .............
                                                ... .. . . ...........                                                                   .......
                                                                                                                                        .................  --------
                                                                                                                                          .......................
                                                                                             -anti
                                                                                                                                  .. .........................





               The purpose of this section is to provide guidance to the private sector in providing an adequate housing supply for the
               existing and projected population, and to the public sector to ensure that land use controls allow for future permanent year-
               round and seasonal housing needs.

               OBJECTIVES:

               ï¿½ Encourage the private sector to provide safe and affordable dwelling units of all types through 2010 to meet the housing
                  needs for the projected population of Orange Beach.

               ï¿½ Continue code enforcement programs to eliminate sub-standard housing conditions and establish criteria for making
                  structural and aesthetic improvements to existing housing and neighborhoods.







                                                             South Alabama Regional Planning Commission                                                                  53








                                   Comprehensive Plan													Housing



                Inventory

                Age of Housing Stock


                The 1990 U.S. Census estimates that there were 4,398 housing units in the City of Orange Beach.Of the 4,398 existing
                housing units, 1,381 were built prior to 1980. The remainder (3,017) were built between 1980 and 19 gives a 
                more detailed account of the age of housing structures in Orange Beach. A housing boom occurred after Hurricane Frederick
                devastated the Alabama coastal area in September of 1979. Luxury beachfront condominiums were the predominant type
                of construction. Permanent single-family residential construction was almost non-existent due to land and construction costs
                being accelerated by prospective developments. Many of the older homes have not been repaired to acceptable standards and 
                have become dilapidated (occupied) housing units.

                                                                                                                                          
                Type of Dwelling Units													TABLE 19
			
			Accoding to the 1990 U.S. Census, only 1,206 (23.3%) of the 4,398 housing units              AGE OF HOUSING STRUCTURE	
			were occupied, leaving the remaining 3,372 (76.7%)vacant. Of the City's housing			    ORANGE BEACH
			stock, 32.5 percent were single-family, detached units;54.0 percent were attached	    Year
			units, ranging from single-family attatched to 50 units or more. Table 20		  Structure Built           Number     Percent
			emphasizes the large percentage of multi-family units and mobile homes in housing     1989 to March 1990            58         1.3
			the area's population. This high percentage of multi-family units and mobile		  1985 to 1988                 774         17.6
			homes is a result of the high seasonal and tourist population levels and escalating   1980 to 1984                2185         49.7
			land prices that force year-round residents, with limited incomes, to occupy mobile   1970 to 1979                 818         18.6
			homes or become renters. According to the 1990 U.S.Census, mobile homes               1960 to 1969                 273          6.2
			represented 13.9 percent of the total dwelling units.                                 1950 to 1959                 195           4.4
																	  1940 to 1949                  60           1.4
																	  1939 or earlier               35           0.8
																	   TOTAL                      4398         100.0

																	Source: U.S. Census,1990, Summary Tape File 3



54						South Alabama Regional Planning Commission                  	                   
                                                                                                                                           

                




Comprehensive Plan															Housing



					TABLE 20								Over seventy-five percent
				TYPE OF DWELLING UNITS							(76.7%) of the total housing
					ORANGE BEACH							units were identified as
					1990-1994								seasonal by the 1990 U.S.
														Census, 64 percent of which 
				     1990              1992    		1994			were condomimium-type
Type of Dwelling Units     No.  Percent    No.    Percent      No.   Percent        housing units. Though not
														permanent housing units, the
single family units,      1431    32.5    1594      33.1      1776    29.4          4,915 seeasonal units do 
Mobile home                612    13.9     612      12.7       612    10.2          represent a housing unit type
Other*                    2355    56.6    2605      54.2      3637    60.4          that impacts the City
														economically, physically and 
TOTAL                     4398   100.0    4811     100.0      6035   100.0          socially. Table 21 illustrates
														occupancy distribution by
														housing type and estimated
* Includes single-family attached,duplexex and multi-family.				number of units in 1992 and 
														estimated population
														occupying those units.


Source :            U.S. Census 1990, Summary Tape File 3
			  City of Orange Beach Building Inspection Department







					South Alabama Regional Planning Commission                          55




                  dty.,@i rat)qc,      Comprehensive Plan                                                                                                                               Housing
                        Beach



                                                                                                    .................................
                                                                    .......... . ....... ...        ...     . . ....
                                                                                                                                    .... ... .... .
                                               . . ...... ..
                                               .... ...... ..                                               ......... .....
                                                                                                            .........
                                               . ...........

                                                                    .. ..... .......................
                                                                    ...............
                                                                                                                                                                          .. . . . .....
                                                                                                                                                                          ......... ......
                                                                                                                .0.                                                       .. ......
                                                                                                                                            ..........                    .....
                                               ..........                                                                                 . ..........
                                                                                                                                                                          ... .........
                                                                                                                                                                          . ...............
                                                                                                                                           . .........
                                                                                                               .. . ......                                                ...
                                                                    . .... ........ ..
                                                                    .. .........
                                                                    ... . ..... . . . ....
                                                                                                            @jjjjj                      .......
                                                                                                            . .. ......... . .
                                                                                                                     .....                                                ..........................
                                                                    ....                                    . .......
                                                                               ..... .. ...........                                                                       .............
                                                                    ....              ...........           ....................
                                                                    ...........................
                                                                    ........ . .........
                                                                                                    ..... . .....
                                                                    ....................... ................                                                              ............
                                                                                                                                                                          ...........
                                               ............         ....... ..................
                                                                    . .................. .. ........


                                                                    .......... . .
                                                                    ..........                                                          ........
                                                                    .. . . . ........ .......
                                                                    ...........       .... .
                                               ........             . . .... ....     . ....        . ... .                                                               ...
                                                                                                                                          ...............                 .. ......
                                                                                                    'd
                                                                    ...............

                                                                                                    ... ..........                     .... ... . . .
                                                                                                                                                                          X
                                                                                                    .. ..... ......
                                                                                      .................. .....
                                                                                      . . . . . . ... .......
                                                                                      ................... .. ......

                                                                    ......                ........
                                                                                      ...........
                                               ......... .....      .... ..... ..
                                                                                                            . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
                                                                                      ........... . .......... . .
                                               ........                               ............            ......... . ......
                                                                    .... .. ........  ..................................... .. .....
                                                                    .... ... ....         .......... ....   . ....... .
                                                                                                            ......................
                                                 Silo
                                                                    ....                  .........                                                                       . . ....
                                                                                      ...............................
                                                                                      ....................
                                               ............         ... ......                      .........
                                               X.:
                                                 ............. ....... .........                                        .......

                                                                                                    ........            .......
                                                                                      .e-
                                               .... .                                 ................. ..              ......
                                               ...........

                                                                                                                                                                          ..... -X.Vw:
                                                                                                    ..........
                                               . ...                                                ........
                                                                                                    .. ........                                    X


                                                                                                                                                                          .... .........
                                                                    . .............. ...........
                                                  ................... ........
                                                                    . ............... ...............                                                       . .......     ...
                                                                                                                                                          ....... ............ ........
                                                                                                                                                          ........        .......
                                                                                                                                 .............
                                               ........             ......
                                                                    .. ......                       ... ......
                                                                                                    ............
                                                                    ...............                                     ......
                                                                    .............                   ............
                                                                    .......... ...                  ............
                                                                    .................
                                               ........             ....... ...... ..................
                                               ......... . ................
                                                                                      .......... . . . . . . . . .

                                                                                      . ........... ........
                                                                                      ...........   .......
                                                                                      aim
                                                                    ::-X              ....

                                                                                   .... .................. .


                                                                                                                                                          ....            . .............
                                                                                                                                                                          .................

                                                                                                                             . . .........
                                                                                                                                  ........                ...             ...
                                                                                                                                                          9
                                                                    . . . . . ...... . . . . . . . . . . . ..
                                                                    . . . . . . . ...

                                                                                                                        ...                               ...             ... .... . .
                                                                    . ..............

                                                                                                                                                                          ............
                                                                    ................


                                                                                                                        ...                               ...             .... ......
                                                                                                                                                          .. ..... ........
                                                                                                                                                                          .............. ....
                                                                                                                                                                          ...................
                                                                                                                                                                          .. .......... .
                                                                                                                                                                          x,
                                                                                                            ..........................  ......
                                               ........                                                                                                                   ...........
                                               ........             ........                                    . .. .......                              .. .......      . ...... ...
                                                                                                                .. . . .....              . ....... . . ............
                                                                                                                                          .. ..........
                                                                                                            ..............
                                                                                                            .......................
                                                                                                            . ....................
                                                                          .... .......  ...
                                                                         . .........                                                                                      ................
                                                                                                                                                      ..........          ... %............................
                                                                                                                                                          ......          .........................
                                                                    ............... ....... . ..........

                                                                                                                                          ...................
                                                                                                            . c.
                                                                         ......... ... ...........                   ........
                                                                                                                                                  ............
                                                                                                                                                                          ....... ... . .
                                                                    ...... ...............                                                        .......... .. ...       . .....
                                                                                                                                                   ........... .... .......
                                                                                                                                                   ..........
                                                                                                                                                .. ..... ....
                                                                                                                                                                          ................
                                                                                                                                                            ..........
                                                                                                                                                 . .........              .....
                                                                                                                                                  ............. . .
                                               .......                                                                                              ..                    . ...
                                                                                                                                                   ......................
                                                                                                                                                          ..........      ...............
                                                                                                                                                                          .................
                                                                                                                                                          .. ...... .....
                                                                                                                                                 jjj"fi*]*
                                                 .....              ......                          i4ge
                                                                                                                                                          ...........     .... ........
                                                                    @Mnz              .......X
                                                                                                                                                                          ..... ....
                                                                                                                                    W. T
                                                                    Z. .0
                                                                                                                                            ... . .. ..... .....          .....
                                               ...... . ........            . ...........                                                .. . ...... .
                                                                                                                                             ..........
                                               . ........ .
                                               ...... . .......



                  56                                                    South Alabama Regional Planning Commission








                    diYof
                                           Comprehensive Plan                                                                                                                                                        Housing




                                                                                                                                                                                                                     .. .........
                                                                                                                                                                                                                     .. .. ...... ..............
                    Table 22 gives an inventory of
                                                                                                                                                                                                                     ...... ......*..... ....
                                                                                                                                                                                                                     ......... .....
                                                                                                                                                                                                                     ............
                                                    ype. Table
                    seasonal units by r                                                                                                                                                                              ......
                                                                                                                                   . ................... .
                                                                                                                                                                                                                     ..........
                                                                                                                                                                                                                     .........................
                                                                                                                                                                                                                     ..........
                                                                                                                                                                                                                     . . .........
                                                                                                                                                                                                                     .... . . ..........
                                                                                                                                                                                                                     ...............
                                                                                                                                                                                                                     ...... .... ...
                                                                                                                                                                                                                     . . . ........
                                                                                                                                     ................. .....                                                         ..:-: ...
                                                                                                                                            ... .... . ...                                                           .. . . ...........
                    23 gives a listing of RV parks
                                                                                                                                                                                                                     .. ................
                                                                                                                                                                                                                     ...........
                                                                                                                                                                                                                     ..........
                                                                                                                                                                                                                     ...................
                                                                                                                                                                                                                     .................
                                                                                                                                                                                                                     ... .......
                    and camps and the utilities                                                                                                                                                                      ...............
                                                                                                                                 X.
                                                                                                                                                                                            .......................
                    provided.                                                      .....   ......
                                                                                                               ............   ........
                                                                                                                                                                        ... . ...... . ....
                                                                                                                                                                            ...... .....
                                                                                     . ... ....... .
                                                                                                                                                                                                                     ..........
                                                                                                                                                                                                                     ................


                                                                                                                                                                                                                     .. ..........
                                                                                                                                                                                                                     .............



                                                            .. . ...........                                                                                                                                         ......
                                                                                                                                                                                                                     .... ........
                                                         ................

                                                                                                                                                                                                                     X
                                                                                                                                                                                           ... . . ..............    ..... .........
                                                                                                                     ... .........                                                              .. .............     .....
                                                                                                                                                                                                                     ...... .....
                                                                                                                                                                                                                     . ...... ..
                                           :iO."'NE:
                                                         ...........                                                                                                                                                 .........
                                                                                                                        . ..........                                                       .... .                    ..........

                                                                                              ......                 .....                                                                  .......

                                                                                                                                                                                                                        X.:


                                                         . ..............                                                                                                                   .......
                                                         .. . .      .. .
                                                         .................... I               ....                                                                                                                   ..........
                                                         ........................
                                                                                                                                                                                                                     X:.-
                                      ..............................                                                                                                                                                 w
                                                                                                                                                                                                                     ...................
                                                               4.

                                                                                                                                                                  .......... . . . . . . . .
                                                                                                                                                                  .............
                                             ...         ........                                                                                                    .......                                         ...
                                                                                                                                                                  ............
                                                                               w
                               ...... ......
                                                                                                                                                                                                                     . ..................
                                                                                                                                                                  ...................-............ .......
                                                                                                                                                                  X
                                                                                                                                                                  X.:
                                                                                                                     ............                                                    .... .............
                                                                                                                 .. ............
                            WMAR.-
                                   .........                                                                                                                                                                         . ........
                                                                                                                                                                                                                     ............


                                                                                                                                                                                     ...... ...  .....
                                                                             I . .. ........                                                                                          ... .........                  .....
                     .. ..........
                                                                                                                                                     . . . . . . . . . . . . .       - -------
                                                                                                                                                                  ....                ..................             ......
                                     ... .. .... ..... . Aw       ........                                                                                                            ...................
                                                    ..........
                                                                                                                           ...............
                                                                                                                                                      NX.-
                                                           ...                                                                                        ........
                                                     ...............                                                                                  ..........      .....-                                         . .. .....
                                                                                   -W
                                     q X.:
                                                    . .........
                                                                                                                                                                            o!
                                                                                       4.0 .. 0A                                           fpac     .............
                                                                                                                ...... .. .
                                                                                                       @@ii -                                                     . .. . . .........
                                                                                 ........ ..
                                                                                                                                             ...........
                                                                                                                                                                        :::.VjxM.:j
                                                                                                                                                                                               Nut
                                                                                                  ..........
                                                                                                                                                               ....................
                                                                                                                                                                    . . . .......
                                                                                 Ox
                                                                                   ...........
                                                                                                                        bf .. ffi                                                        X,
                                                                                                                                                                                         X,

                                                                                                                                                                                                                     .............. ........
                                                                                                                                                                                               ... . . . .. .......
                                                                              .... tr
                                                                                                                                                                                                                     ...........
                                                                                                                                    X                                                          I
                                                                                                    ..... . ...........
                                                                                              . ...... ........ ---




                                                                               South Alabama Regional Planning Commission                                                                                               57






                                                                                                                                                                                                         Housing
                    r @6r) g e-            Comprehensive Plan
                           6car-h


                    Table 24 illustrates a generalized inventory of housing units in Orange Beach in 1994.


                                                                             ............... .................. ..
                                                                                       .. .................   . . .. ...
                                                                                  .............................
                                                                             .................
                                                                                            ...........
                                                                                  .. ...........
                                                                             . ...............
                                                                                            ............
                                                                                                             ................    ..........
                                                                             ........ .
                                                                                                         . . .................
                                                                             ...  -         .. . ....
                                                                                                                                       ............
                                                              ... ............................
                                                                                                                                     ... .......                                   ..........
                                                              .........           ...................
                                                                                       . .........

                                                                                                                                                                                   ........................ .............. ......... ......
                                                                                                                                     .................                                                   ......

                                                                                                                                                                                           ... .........
                                                              ........... .......
                                                              ... . ............... .
                                                              ...... . . ..............
                                                                                                                                  . .................
                                                                                                                                     ... ...........                                            .......
                                                              ... ........... .. .............................. ..... ......
                                                                                       ............
                                                                                                                                                                ................
                                                                                  ..... ......
                                                                                                                                                                                                         ...........
                                                                                                                                                                                               ..................
                              ....... ... .... ...............
                                      ...                     ...            ...
                                                                                                                                                                                     ..............
                                                                             ......... ...
                                                                                                                                                                                       ...........
                                         .... ................................................... .......... .......
                                                                             ............ ......
                                                                                       .........
                                 .......                                     ........ ....................
                                                              ........       .................................
                                 . ............................

                                                                                                                                 ..................
                                            .............                                                                            ...... ..
                                                                                                                                                                  .............................
                                                                                                                                                                ...........                              ...
                                                                                                                                                                                .......                  ...
                                                                                                                                                                                   ...                   .......
                                                              ...........
                                                              .......... ..............
                                      ...........
                                                              ... . ................ .....
                                                                             .... ......                                                                            . .... .. ....
                                                              ...................... . ........
                                                              .....................

                                                                                                                                                                        .. ..........
                                                                                                                                     ..........
                                                              ..........                                                     .......
                                                              ..........                           .....
                                                              .......                  ..... .                                              ...                             ..... ......
                                                              .....................
                                                              ....................
                              ... ........... .               . ...........
                                 iri
                                                                                                 ..... ... ....
                                                              ....... .
                                                              ..                                                                                                              .........
                                               ......         ... I. I. .. ...... ................. ...........
                                             ...............  -,....... . ....... ..........      .......
                                                              ... .....      ........
                                                                                                          a.                                                                                             ...........
                                                                                            ..... .. ......                                                                                              ......
                                      ... ............                                      .... ...
                                      ..............................         ............. .                                                                                                             ...... .......
                                                                                                                                     ....                                                        .........
                                                                                                                                                                                                 ............ X,
                                                                                                                                     .........                                                   . ... ... .
                                      .........               . . . . . . . ... ..... . ....... ... ..........
                                                              ....           ..... ... ......                                    . . ..........
                                                                                                                                 ..............
                                                              ... .........  ...........
                                         'M                                                                                                                                                              ........
                                      .6
                                                                             J6                                                                                                                  ....................
                                               ........                      .......
                                             ..............                  I.........
                              ....... .... ...                .. .... ax-                                                                                                                        :XX
                                                              . .. .......
                                                                                                          ...                        ..........
                                                                                                         .....                   azo
                                                                             ................. .........
                                               ................              ...... . .............
                                                              ....................... ...........        i-MMI x@
                                                              ...........    .......                                    .........
                                                                             ...........
                                                                             .... ......
                                                              .................. .....
                                      .... . .. ...........   . ....................
                                      . ........              __ ......                                                 I    . ...                                                               ......  ... ...
                              ..........

                                                                                                                                                                      .. ...........
                                              ...................
                              ...........      .......        ... ..........................
                                      ......                  ........ .........
                                      ......................  . ....         .....                                             ......
                                                              ........            ............
                                           ....... .............. ................ .........                           . .....
                                                              ...........I.... ............... .................... .. ..............  .......
                                                              .................. ... ....... .......
                                      ...                     ............... ......
                                 .. ...... ........                                    ....


                                                                                                 .............
                                                              . ........ ...                              .- o
                                                                                            WAR..                                                                                                vx      ...........
                                                                                       pun
                                                              ...............
                                                              . . .........
                                                              . . ....... ....
                                      ix:                                    .............
                                                              ...................



                    Owner-occupied and Renter-occul2ied Dwelling Units

                    The 1990 U.S. Census indicated that of the 798 or (78.0%) occupied housing units in the City's 1,026 were owner-occupied.
                    Only 0.1 perr-ent of the City's owner-occupied housing was owned by non-whites. The 1990 census data reported that 228
                    (22.0%) of the 1,026 occupied housing units were renter-occupied; 3,372 housing units were vacant, a figure which represents
                    76.7 percent of the City's total housing stock. Of these vacant units, only 23 were true rental units. The remaining 3,349
                    housing units were for sale, seasonal use or other type of vacancy. Table 25 shows housing tenure and vacancy.
                                 :SO,


















                    58                                                            South Alabama Regional Planning Commission






                                                         Comprehensive Plan                                                                                                                                                   Housing



                                                                                                                                                                                                                      ................
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      .. ......... ..
                                                                                                                           T:
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      ................
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      ..................
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      . ..............
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      .............
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      ................
                                                                                         .. .........                               ........ .......

                                                                                                                                                                                                                      .. ........
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      ...........
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      ............
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      ............
                                                                                                                                        ...........
                                                                                                                                   ......                                                                             ........
                                                                                                                        ................ 1.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      .................
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      ..............
                                                         ................ ...  ..................
                                                                               ...........
                                                         .. ............. .. ..... .. .... .. . ........
                                                                                 ............
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      .. ... ..........
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      ..............
                                                                               ....                                                                     .....                                                         ..................
                                                         . ..... ..................M
                                                                                                                                                                                .............
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      . ...............
                                                                                                      ...............                                                              .......
                                                                                                      ..............                                                                                                  .......
                                                               .............   . .....
                                                                                                                                                                                ............                          . ........
                                                                                                       ..........                                      .....
                                                                                                                                                                                     .....                            ....... ........
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      .................
                                                                                                                                                                                                      ......... .
                                                                                                                                                                                                  ....... ........
                                                                                                                                                                                                  ..................
                                                         .............................. .                                                                                                         .......
                                                                                                                                                                                                      .........................
                                                               ..... ...... .                                                                                                                                         ...... ........
                                                               .....                                                                                                                                                  .....
                                                         ............ ..............                                                                                                              ...... ...

                                                                                                                                                                                                                      ............

                                                         . .............. ..........                                                                                                              . ..............    ................
                                                         ..........                                     ...........                                                                               ......XXX
                                                         ....................... ...........                                                    . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . .                    ..........
                                                                               . ...............
                                                         . ......              .......... .........
                                                         ... ... .. ......                                                                                                                                            . ... ... .
                                                                                                                                                                                                      ...........
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      .................
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      .....................
                                                                                                                                                                                                      . .. .. .................
                                                         ..... .... ..                                                                                                                                . . ......      -..
                                                               . ...........   -                                                                                                                      .. . ..................
                                                                               .........                                                                                                          . ....... .. ....................
                                                                                                                                                                                     .... .......
                                                                                                                                                                                                      .... ..........
                                                                               ........                                                                                                  . .. .. .... - ..........
                                                         ...                   ....... .....                                                    ...........
                                                                                                                                                                                         .........      .....         ........
                                                                               ..............                                                                                                                         ............
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      ................
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      .....................

                                                                               ............
                                                         ...                   .... .....                                                                    ....                                     . .... .. .
                                                                                                                                                                                                      ...........
                                                                               ..........

                                                                                                                                                                                     .. ...                           .......
                                                                                                ..........                                                                           . . ...........................
                                                                                                .. . ................ ... c.                                                         .......
                                                                               ...                                                                                                   ...........
                                                                               ...                                                                                                     . .... ....
                                                                                                  .......                                                                              ..
                                                         ..........            ...                 .....
                                                                               ...                   ...                                                                                     ...
                                                                                                                                  .. ................

                                                         ................                                                                                                                    .........
                                                         . ... . . ...
                                                         . ...........
                                                               ............    .......
                                                         .......... ...
                                                                               ..........
                                                         .. .......
                                                         ....................                                                                                                                .........
                                                         ..............                                                                                             .....                    .........

                                                         ... ...........
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      ................
                                                                                                                                                                                                      ......          ....
                                                         .............                                                                                                                       ..................       ......
                                                         ...............                                                                                                                     ............             .... ...
                                                         ...............
                                                                                                                                                                       .......               ....
                                                                                                                                                                                                      .........       .... ........
                                                         ........                                                                                                                            ...............          ....
                                                                                                                                                                                                  ... .........
                                                                                                                                                                                             ................... ...... ........
                                                         .........                                                                                                  ........                 .........................
                                                         ...........
                                                         ......... ...                                                                                                .....                  ........ .... .............
                                                         .....................                                                                                      .......                  .... .. ...... ..        - -
                                                         ..............                                                                                             . .....                  . .....                  . .........
                                                                                                                                                                       ...                   . ..... ..........
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      ............
                                                                                                ...........
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      ..............
                                                                                            . ... ......
                                                         ....................
                                                         ...............
                                                         :...:s ...............                                                                                                                       . ... ....
                                                                                                                                                                                             ........ ......... ....... ...
                                                                                                                                                                                             ................. .. .....
                                                                                                                                                                                             ........ ......... ........
                                                         A @rw
                                                         ....................                                                           . ....                      .......                           .... ........
                                                         ..- ................                                              .... .. ..........;............                                   ....... ...
                                                         ..................                                                    . .... ....                                                   ......
                                                                                                                           .......... .... .
                                                         . .. ......... . ........              ..... .                   . ....... .... .......
                                                         .............. - : -  .   :., .,                                     ..: .. .....................          .......
                                                               .. . .. . . ......
                                                                                                                                                                                             ...... ..... .. .....
                                                                                                                                           . . . . . . . . . . .
                                                                                                   . .. .........
                                                                                                      -- .: ................
                                                         .. ........ ...... . ....
                                                         .... . ...... .... I. .. .X...."       ............
                                                         I                     ....      .. . ....
                                                                                 . .... ......
                                                                                                                             . . .....         . ......
                                                         .....................                                                                  . . ... ......
                                                         .................
                                                         .....................
                                                                                             ......... .. ..










                                                                                      South Alabama Regional Planning Commission                                                                                                            59



               M M M M M M                                                                        MMMMM M M
            av qf                                                                                                          Housing
            4
                          Comprehensive Plan



            Monthly Cash Ren

            The median monthly rent for non-seasonal renter-occupied housing units in Orange Beach was $456 in 1990, as reported in
            the 1990 U.S. Census. Of the 228 non-seasonal rental units, almost 35 percent were above the median interval ($450-499).
            Thirty-three of the total rental units were without cash rent.

            Value of Owner-occupigA Hou"n

            The median value of specified owner-occupied housing units for Orange Beach was $97,000 in 1990. Over 41 percent of
            owner-occupied dwellings cost within the $60,000 to $124,999 range. There is currently a 32-unit Farmers Home
            Administration-assisted apartment complex for low to moderate income residents. A building permit has been issued for an
            additional 31-unit FI@IHA apartment complex. There are no Section 8 houses and no public housing programs in Orange
            Beach. It was estimated by the 1990 U.S. Census that 33 percent of the households in Orange Beach had low to moderate
            incomes.


            Housing Stock Conditions

            The South Alabama Regional Planning Commission conducted a visual survey of exterior housing conditions in November
            1993 and found that 21 conventional single-family dwellings were in varying degrees of substandard conditions. (This list
            includes standard conditions with slight defects that can be corrected through minor maintenance). The City Council adopted
            Southern Standard Building Code in 1991. The Public Works Department is responsible for the enforcement of this code
            throughout the City.

            Mobile Home Parks and Subdivisions

            Orange Beach's zoning ordinance permits mobile homes in mobile home parks and mobile home subdivisions. There are five
            parks and three subdivisions in the City. There are also approximately 200 individual mobile homes scattered throughout the
            City which were in place prior to the adoption of the zoning ordinance.



            60                                  South Alabama Regional Planning Commission






                           Comprehensive Plan                                                                                     Housing
            MZnIge-
                acacb



            Analysis

            PMulation ExMted to Reside in the CiV

            Population projections for the year-round population are the result of a straight-line extrapolation based on the annual average
            growth rate, excluding annexations. The projected population for the years 2000 and 2010 are 2,959 and 3,874, respectively.
            These figures are estimates and would change if annexation occurs or population growth rates significantly change. As noted
            in the Population section, the seasonal population projection estimates for Orange Beach are 25,836 for 1998 and 32,484 for
            2008.


            Household Size


            The 1990 U.S. Census reported 1,036 year-round households in the City. The projected number of year-round households
            in 2000 and 2010 are 1,363 and 1,785, respectively. According to the 1990 U.S. Census, the average household size was 2.17
            persons. Based on information provided from the Orange Beach Building Department, the current persons per household
            average is 2.18. This is likely to remain low as a result of lower birth rates, increased longevity of the elderly and the single-
            oriented and late-married lifestyle trend.

            Projected Year-Round Housing Needs

            The preceding section identified projected changes in household composition. These changes are the basis on which projected
            household needs are developed. The fo     Rowing assumptions have been made to project future needs:

                 Households with only one or two persons are assumed to need dwelling units with two or fewer bedrooms. Three and
                 four person households are assumed to need three bedroom units, and five or more person households are assumed to
                 need four or more bedroom units.





                                                  South Alabama Regional Planning Commission                                               61






                                                                                                                               Housing
                           Comprehensive Plan


            0    Higher income families may occupy larger dwelling units than would be required by the household size. Lower income
                 households may, by necessity, occupy units smaller than actually needed.

                 The occupied housing distribution between owner occupancy and rental occupancy reported in the 1990 U.S. Census was
                 78 percent owner-occupied and 22 percent renter-occupied. Projections will be based on 30 percent owner-occupancy
                 and 20 percent renter-occupancy.

            ï¿½    The distribution among the various types of units (single-family, duplex and multi-farnily) will continue to shift toward
                 multi-family housing.

            ï¿½    In 1990, there were no persons residing in group quarters. It is assumed that this number will remain zero.

            New Household Formations

            The greatest housing need will be in the middle income groups, which will require the majority of the housing units by the
            year 2010.

            The 1990 U.S. Census showed an overall vacancy of 5.8 percent for the permanent population of Orange Beach. For the
            purpose of this study, a 5.8 percent vacancy rate has been established. This translates into 941 occupancy rate for the
            permanent population.

            It is impossible to project seasonal housing needs with any certainty. Therefore, the following housing needs are specifically
            for the year-round, permanent population. By the year 2000, 267 additional housing units are needed and by 2010, a total
            of 715 housing units will be required for the permanent population. Table 26 illustrates housing unit requirements for the
            permanent population.







            62                                    South Alabama Regional Planning Commission






                                  Comprehensive Plan                                                                                                           Housing
                39z"NIC



                                                            ......... .....                               Recommendations
                                ............................. Mi
                                ........                    .........
                                X.
                                 ......................... .... --M

                               . ........                   ..............                     ......
                                                            ..........     .......
                                ............
                                                            .............
                                                                                                                Provide appropriate zoning designations that
                                                            ......         ........
                                                            . .........
                                                                           ........            ......
                                                            ....... 0.     ........                             allow adequate residential development of all
                                                            U


                                                            ..... .                            ...
                                                            ............ .....
                 .. . .... .......                          .......
                                                                                                                types.
                                                                                               ..........
                                                            . ........... .........            ........
                      ..... .... .. ...                     .....
                    . .....    .........
                                                            ........ ......
                  ... ......... .. .........                ...... . .....
                  ... .....    . ....                       .       . .....                    ..........

                                                            ................ . ... .........-
                   . . . .. . . . ...............
                                                            ..........              . . . .........
                                                                                      .......... ....
                              ... .......
                                    ..............                         ......
                                                            ......... ........ ... .. .......                   Provide sewer and water service to existing and
                                                            ............
                                    . .............
                                                            . . ................. ....-................... ..... .........

                                                                                 ...............
                                                            ... ...              ..........
                                                                                                                proposed residential developments.
                  ...........                                     ...
                              .........                     ......... ...... . . ....
                                                                  ....           . ..... . . ......-

                                    ..........              ...........
                                                            ......... ........   ...           . .... .
                                                                                 . . .........
                                                            .. .. ........       .........
                                                            .....                .......
                                                            ......                                              Identify rehabilitation target areas and seek funds
                                                            . . .......          ....... ...
                                                            ... .... . ..-          . ..       ....
                                                            ..... . . .... ......
                                                            . . ........... ..... I......
                                                            . .......... .....
                                                                                                                or c* monies to:
                                                            ........... .....................
                                                                                     ..........
                                                                                      ..........
                                                                                               ..........
                                                                             .... .. .. ..........
                                                                                           .............
                                                                                        .. . .........
                                                                                                                     Ity
                            F"p
                                                                                           ............
                                                                               . .........
                                 . . .......................      ........... . ....
                                                            .......... .... .............
                                                                  .. ...........
                                                                                 ...................... ................
                                                                                         ............ ......
                                                                                 ........ . . . .......
                                 ... ........
                                    .........................
                                                                                                                    Demolish housing units unsuitable for
                                                            .........
                                    ................        ......
                                    ...........
                                                            ............-.....
                                                            ....................
                                                                       . ...........
                                                            ......... ....... .......
                                                            ...........
                                                            . . .... ... . .......
                                                                           ...... ......... . ..........            rehabilitation
                                                            .......... .
                                                                  .....................
                                                                  ................. .. ......

                                                                                               ..........
                                  . ....................                                       .........
                  ..............
                                                                                                                    Demolish abandoned non-residential structures
                                                            .......                            .........
                   ...... .....
                                                            ..................
                                                            ... . .......
                                                                                                                Rehabilitate substandard units using financial
                                                            . ...... ..... .

                                                            ........ . ... . ........
                                                                                                                assistance programs offered by federal and state
                                                            . ......... ....
                                                            .. . . . .... ...
                        ...........                         ........ ..
                    ........ ....... ...                               .........
                                                            ... .... .... .. ...... . ............
                                                                                                                agencies.
                                                                                               ....... ...



                                                                           . ..... ... ..
                                                            .............                      .. ........
                                                            ... .............. ...... .
                                                                  ...................
                                                                                                                Establish an Affordable Housing Task Force to
                                                                                                                recommend programs to help provide affordable
                                                                                                                housing.









                                                                  South Alabama Regional Planning Commission                                                             63



 M MM M M M M M.M M M M M MMM MM M
  c: qj of                   Housing
  @ r6r)a6 Comprehensive Plan
    Bcacb










           THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFr BLANK.


























   64      South Alabama Regional Planning Commission





                dty Of             Comprehensive Plan                                                                                                          Transportation
                   Ira D9 C
                      h,cacb


                                                                                TRANSPORTATION



                                                                                                                                                     WE
                                                ...............                                                                        .. I ...

                                            ..........
                                                                                  aj.
                                                                                                       c                 ..
                                                                                              ...........
                                                                 ....... .......               .... .. ..........      ......
                                                                       ..............                                                             X: ............
                                                                       ..............
                                                                                                                                          *             -X
                                            ......                                          Min                          X.
                                                  .. ......................
                                               ------------                                                          .......... ......
                                                                                                                         ...... ....
                                                                                                                                 .. .. ........
                                                                                                                                                  es
                                                                                                        .............
                                            .....         .........                ......... .... ..                               ... . ..
                                              . .. ....... ..........
                                                      ................ ...                        '' ' %, ff.                  .. ........
                                                                                                            ......................
                                            .................... ............
                                            .......................................
                                                               ...                Mn  . ....    iip       I
                                                         ...........
                                                            .........                 i     ka", I" - " - ' - M` -QAe...
                                                 ..... .. .....
                                            ............. ....
                                              :%:x:..::::`,-::`                                                          X
                                                      ... .........
                                                                                      ............
                                                                                  XX,
                                                           ............. .....
                                                                                                                             -X*X` .... .



                The purpose of the Transportation Element is to plan for future motorized and non-motorized transportation systems. An
                essential basis for planning transportation systems is the Land Use Element, specifically the Future Land Use Plan. The Future
                Land Use Plan will direct where roadway facilities are needed.

                OBJECTIVES:

                ï¿½     Coordinate the City of Orange Beach's transportation system with the Future Land Use Plan, as well as with public safety
                      concerns.

                ï¿½     Prioritize transportation improvements which enhance and maximize the efficiency of the existing system and negate the
                      need for expensive transportation projects.

                ï¿½     Identify high accident locations along roadway links and at intersections, and take measures to minimize these on a
                      continuing basis.

                ï¿½     Require developers to bear the burden of cost for roadway improvements necessitated by impacts to the roadway network
                      caused by traffic generated by new developments.




                                                                South Alabama Regional Planning Commission                                                                           65





                                       ensive Plan                                                                          A . anspo.
               MY "I         C@Ompreh
               Aft
               MQ1119-C,
                  1@-cacb


                   Actively pursue and acquire right-of-way for future roadway improvements which are necessary for adequate traffic flow
                   and arterial spacing.

                   Develop policies that will ensure the safe and effective movement of bicycles and pedestrians.

                   Improve and/or provide street lighting where necessary.

               0   Coordinate with the State Highway Department to provide an additional hurricane evacuation route as well as other
                   improvements identified in this section.

               Analysis

               Before a local government can adequately plan for its future, it must assess the capability of the existing transportation system
               to serve current and future demand. Therefore, it is necessary to determine existing levels of service and to identify roadway
               deficiencies within the transportation system.

               The City of Orange Beach has developed along an east-west axis. Alabama Highways 180, the northern roadway, and 182,
               to the south, serve as major east-west traffic carriers for the community. Primary north-south access is provided by Alabama
               Highway 161, as shown on Figure 6.

               The problem of a new evacuation corridor plagues the city. With the continuous residential and commercial development of
               Orange Beach and the overall increase in tourism along the Gulf Coast, Orange Beach, whose limited access to the mainland
               poses a potentially serious situation for hurricane preparedness, must address this critical deficiency in the transportation
               network.


               A large part of the seasonal/tourist population utilizes non-motorized transportation. The City at this time has not developed
               a multi-modal transportation plan.




               66                                   South Alabama Regional Planning Commission















                                                                                                                                 FIGURE 6
                                                                                                        EXISTING TRANSPORTATION NETWORK
                                                                                                                            ORANGE BEACH
                                                                                                                                      1905















                                                                                                                                                                                            ri n
                                                                                                                                                           to    fin                           ji $#W?
                                                             -if                      31 191   C:41                                                                                                rob" cow

                                                                                                                                                                                                     t7





                                                                                                                                                                          myou





                                                                                      of
                                                                                       oP.






                                                                                                                                GULF 43F t4tXICO






                                                                                                 ransponadon.
                      Comprehensive Plan





          PAGE 2 OF FIGURE 6


































           68                           South Alabama Regional Planning Commission





                          Comprehensive Plan                                                                            Transportation
           AM
           SVC-1@11-4c
                 eacb


           Functional Classification

           The functional classification system separates, divides, or groups streets by a hierarchical system based on street function.
           This classification system is used to balance traffic movement and accessibility on different roadways.

           The classes of roadways in Orange Beach range from major arterial, emphasizing the movement of large volumes of traffic,
           to local streets, emphasizing access to adjacent properties. The four basic categories of street classifications in Orange Beach
           are:


           Principal Arterial System - The function of a principal arterial is primarily to provide major traffic movement capability, and
           to:

               Provide access to adjacent land
               Carry a high percentage ratio of total vehicular miles traveled to total miles
               Carry the majority of through trips and longer internal trips

           Principal arterials consist of (1) interstates, (2) other limited access roads, and (3) artefials without access control.

           Minor Arterial System - The function of a minor arterial is to:
                     I
               Provide lower level of mobility than principal arterials, but traffic movement is still the primary purpose
               Provide access to adjacent land, but generally does not bisect or enter neighborhoods

           The Alabama Department of Transportation's 1993 functional classification of roadways identifies two arterials in Orange
           Beach, Alabama Hwy. 182, which is a principal arterial and Alabama Hwy. 161, a minor arterial. Alabama Hwy. 182
           traverses the City, extending west through Gulf Shores and east into Florida. It carries four lanes of through traffic and a
           center turning lane. Alabama Hwy. 161, the north-south arterial axis through Orange Beach, has two lanes. For the purpose
           of this study, Alabama Hwy. 180 (Canal Road) has been added as a minor arterial.



                                                South Alabama Regional Planning Commission                                               69







               dty of        Comprehensive Plan                                                                            Transportation


                  heacb


               Collector - The function of a collector street is to:

               ï¿½  Provide both limited mobility and good access to adjacent land
               ï¿½  Carry traffic between the local street system and the arterial system
               ï¿½  Carry little, if any, through traffic
               ï¿½  serve local areas


               Generally, major collectors are two-lane undivided streets with rather rigid traffic controls. Major collectors are often found
               in areas with significant traffic movement, such as industrial and business parks and retail areas. They may include flared
               intersections to accommodate left and right turn lanes at busier intersections. The minor collector is undivided, and may allow
               some parking on each side.

               The main difference between collector and arterial streets is the length and type of trip accommodated. Classified as a major
               collector, Alabama Hwy. 180 is two lanes. Traffic counts on this collector are significantly different east and west of Alabama
               Hwy. 161, reflecting its segmented functions. West of Alabama Hwy. 1'61, the traffic volume is considerably higher than the
               eastern segment, where it serves only a residential area. However, in the local context, this western segment functions more
               as a minor arterial and the eastern segment functions as a major collector. County Road 2 (Mafina Road), traveling east from
               Alabama Hwy. 161, also functions as a major collector.

               Local Streets - The primary function of local streets is to:

               ï¿½  Provide full access to adjacent land, but with the lowest level of mobility.
               ï¿½  Generally carry no through traffic.




               70                                   South Alabama Regional Planning Commission






           dt.y Of       Comprehensive Plan                                                                           Transportation





           Depending upon the types of areas served and the service demands placed upon them, local streets may be sub-categorized
           as residential, industrial and business.

           This inventory of the existing traffic circulation was prepared as a basis for determining existing and projected roadway
           deficiencies in Orange Beach.

           Traffic Volumes


           Forecast conditions for the transportation network are tied to current traffic trends and projected forward. Current traffic
           conditions are described as level of service (LOS) A, B, C, D, E or F (Figure 7 describes each of these conditions). This
           system of describing. traffic conditions is hierarchical, with LOS A being best and descending to LOS F as traffic conditions
           deteriorate. Service levels A through D are determined to be acceptable in an urban environment. It must be noted at this
           time the LOS described are for urbanized areas, so Orange Beach residents may not have the ability to tolerate LOS less than
           A or B.


           Generally, lowest service levels would be expected at peak hours, which are morning and evening rush hours as well as peak
           beach and tourist weekends, such as Memorial Day, Labor Day, Fourth of July and during the annual Shrimp Festival.
           Therefore, it is possible that streets with service level A during off-peak periods may experience level E or F conditions for
           one or two hours during these peak times.









                                               South Alabama Regional Planning Commission                                              71







                  -i'@Vof                                                                                        Comprehensive Plan                                         Transporfation
                 *T@8@ngc
                      B cach



                                                                                                                                                                            :....-.-.-.-.'.'.'..@..'.'.'.'.'.......- ............ -;:@:;:@:::@:;:::;:;,.::@.;::;::::
                                                                                                                                                                            ............:
                                                                                                                                                                            ....-
                                                                                                                                                                            @iiiiiiiiiii@i@]@@@@@iiiiiiiii@@iiii@i@@@@@@@@i@i!iiii!i!i!i@ii::::,... .:.:::.:.:.::::.:::::...::::::::
                                                                                                                                                                            .........@...... @ .
                                                                                                                                                                            .............. .."....................@[email protected]..
                                                                                                                                                                            ..' ' - --l" ..'.,.*.*,*' :-:-:-:-:-:::::-:::'@-'.
                                                                                                                                                                            - - *11,11, I.... .:
                                                                                                                                                                            .... ...... 1.1.1:..@"...*,-..............,..'- .., ......
                                                                                                                                                                            -,.,,"........ ---.--:---:--:-:::.:.:...'.'...
                                                                                                                                                                            ............. ,- .... -' "'
                                                                                                                                                                            ...... .......::::: ........
                                                                                                                                                                            ... .... :: ........
                                                                                                                                                                            ....:::::.::::: :........:.:.:.
                                                                                                                                                                            ......... .....
                                                                                                                                                                            . ...... . ..... *; * '
                                                                                                                                                                            . ..... .:,"I"'.1"
                                                                                                                                                                            .: ............@iiiii@i --'-.@@ii@"----. -'...:
                                                                                                                                                                            - --...... X.:
                                                                                                                                                                            . . ..... i@@i.`.
                                                                                                                                                                            ..@@i@iil."il::i:]:@..@.......,..............,. M...........
                                                                                                                                                                            ... ...'... .... : -... .:.:.:.:
                                                                                                                                                                            :::.::::.'.'.@'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.-,...-.-.-.-.-.-.... ...::
                                                                                                                                                                            .. -::::.::'..'.....:......-...
                                                                                                                                                                            ..... @...................@.,................... ... . ........
                                                                                                                                                                            ............................... .........I........
                                                                                                                                                                            .................. ....... :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::@..@
                                                                                                                                                                            --
                                                                                                                                                                            ......... *'***''* ...
                                                                                                                                                                            .....*......... *""''"*.*. .................@
                                                                                                                                                                            ......."""*"'""'*""*,@.I.I ". -......................
                                                                                                                                                                            :-, ...... . ... .....,..: .................
                                                                                                                                                                            ....': ........ .-I............. ... ....,.*.*.*.*..:::::::::-
                                                                                                                                                                            :...................-...-...@.................. :..:.:..'..............
                                                                                                                                                                            .....-..............-.....@................ [email protected].....
                                                                                                                                                                            ..,.........................'..-...-.-.-.. ............ .....
                                                                                                                                                                            : I.......... %.......... :...:.....................,.........
                                                                                                                                                                            ::::::::::%::::::::::.."[email protected].'.'.- ..... [email protected]...'......'
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            :.:.:.::.::.::..:.:.:........:.:..'.'.'..'.'........ : X..........
                                                                                                                                                                            ....,....-..@............................... :.:.:.:.::.:.::::::::.:.
                                                                                                                                                                            .... ........................................... .......
                                                                                                                                                                            ......... . .......................... .:.:.,:.::.:.:.:.:::%.-.-.
                                                                                                                                                                            .. :: ....@...
                                                                                                                                                                            -.......::::" .... .:.: ...............-
                                                                                                                                                                            . .......- -.*i*i::-.............................
                                                                                                                                                                            . % .....:%......-.-.......................@............
                                                                                                                                                                            -:,::..: . -.:.:.:.:.:..-''.....'..-....
                                                                                                                                                                            .. -..::::::.."*.. ::.,*,. ....... x"'..............
                                                                                                                                                                            ::: ...........-M ....... ....................
                                                                                                                                                                            :.. @@@@--ii: ....,.
                      ....                                                                                       .'                                                         -::::@@@@ii@@i@@@.-,....:,i@-.'-..-..'-'.'.'.'.@@ ::.......................,........................ ..........................-
                             .::::::::::..:::::::.:                                                                                                                         .......... ..
                      .... -'@@@:.@:@@:@@@:@:@@:@@::@:@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@:@@@.@@@                                                                                               .. .........-............. ...
                      :....'':,::-:''*,@@i@!@!@@@i@i@i@@@i@;@@@@@!@!@:@.:
                                                                                                                 .:
                                                                                                                 .:@@
                                                                                                                 .:@@
                                                                                                                 .:@@                                                       ...@........................
                                                                                                                 .:@@.@,'                                                   :--:-:-:-::-:-: .... ....... ...*.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:
                                                                                                                 .]@@.@j@'                                                  ... ... ...@......... -................: .-::::::..
                                                                                                                 .]@@@i@",@@'@:@@@:@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@i@@@@                     ...................
                      : :                                                                                        ,                                                          .:.:.:.:.X. ...... ...::::::::...,.
                      . :.:.: .                                                                                                                                             - ..., ................ ......
                      .                                                                                                                                                     ........ ': :::: .......
                      i@@@@@@@i@iii@ii@@iii@@@@@@@@@il@!!!@@@i@@@i@I@@!!@@!!@@@@@i@iiii@@i@@;;@@@@@!@!@
                      ....-                                                                                                                                                 .. .......
                      @@i@ii@@@i@i@@@@@i@i@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@]:@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@i@ill@@i@!@!@@@@@:@@ii@i@i@@@@@@@@]]@;@:                                                    ......................., [email protected].......@.................:.:.:.:".... I........................
                                                                                                                                                                            :. "...,., ... ......... -........, ........ ..
                                                                                                                 .                                                          :........:........ . .... ..-.-.-.-.%...
                                                                                                                                                                            :.:.:.:.. .........:. :..................
                                                                                                                                                                            -1 ............ . ... ... .@@i:i:i:::]:.*@'*..*!:@:i.".,.@,'::.::;:.,:::*..i:i:i:: .........,..........."'....
                                                                                                                                                                            ...... ......................",-
                                                                                                                 *                                                          .@........:@............................ ,:*:.:.:.:.:.:. .......
                      @@@@@]@@i@@@@@@]@@@i@:@@@@@]@@@@@@@@@@i@@@@@@@@@]@@@@@@@@@@@@@:@@:@@@@i@@@ill]@:@;@@@@@@@@@i@i@@@.                                                    V...... ...... ....... ****-'--`*` .......
                                                                                                                                                                            ...... **"*""
                                                                                                                                                                            "',- .....I...... ......"""'.".'' '-:':':':':':----.--..-.
                                                                                                                                                                            -11, ...... ". :::::::: -.:..... .....I..-..-...-..-.....*
                                                                                                                                                                            ...... ....... .: ...'........'......-.... .. .:.:.:.:.:.:... .......
                                                                                                                                                                            ':.... .....
                                                                                                                                                                            ......... ::'
                                                                                                                                                                            ......---i.............. .......- .... `@......@'....
                                                                                                                                                                            ..::@..........'.........w........'*'*' "
                                                                                                                                                                            . ,.. ..@@@@@@@ii...:@@@@@@@-_::::.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.
                                                                                                                                                                            :..:.,-:]:@:::::::::::::::::-..:::@
                      @@@@@@i@@@i@@i......X,.,,@'..,[email protected]..@@@@@@@]@@@i..*@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@i:i@@@@@@@@@@@@@i@                                                   [email protected]...........:... .. .....'..' ........ .. ... ,.....'
                        -                                                                                                                                                   :.:..".:::::::.: ::[email protected].,............-....-..-.......... ...
                                                                                                                                                                            ...... ..
                      .. -V                                                                                                                                                 .... ..... ::. ..........,]::::::::::::::**.:i:@::::::::
                                                                                                                                                                            ..:, ::,. .1'..........,...@[email protected]
                      ..                                                                                                                                                    ., ................ .............@..@.................................. ......
                                                                                                                                                                            ......."
                      :@@@]@)...                                                                                                                                            .... ...-
                      .:i@@:::..@:.:::.:.:.:@@@@@@@@@@@@@li:i@@@@@@!@@@@@@@@@j@j@j@@@@@@@ii@@@@@@i@@@@                                                                      -...-.-:':'%':'::::::::::@' ..,..........@@....................@ ..........
                                                                                                                                                                            @........... 4................ :-:-:-.-.....':... .I-,.
                      ............                                                                                                                                          :.:.......: ... .................. ...... .,...................:........
                      - .... . ......'                                                                                                                                      .. ..... :.:.: ................
                      ... .@@.... '.-.......@@                                                                                                                              ....,......... .... . ..............
                                                                                                                                                                            .......... .:.:.:.:.:.:: ...I........... .1'.. ....
                      ..     .. '                                                                                . ...                                                      -...*::::-.'i";";'.
                      .... ....... @ . .                                                                         ..                                                         '..
                                                                                                                 - :::..::::;::, . - ....:.:::,.,......                     ...".,.::::::::::::::::::%,.,::@.:::::::::.::::::: '.@.....'-.....-.
                      ..                                                                                         ---.                                                       '....
                                                                                                                 @- - -1.1 X. ::...: ... :@:j:@:::j:::j:::j:::j::::@'@: ...... ....... -6. .:.......,.. @......-.....: .. .,:.::.:.::: :::-@.
                             ..                                                                                  ....... .......... .......... ..... :*: ,.::::::::. .. ... .
                                                                                                                 -..%.:%.:.:.............@..@....,.@.,..,..,.. .:.,::::.,* :::: .: :' .:::::::::::.::
                                                                                                                 ..... .. '..-......@:@@@:@@@@@@@]:@]@@@@]@@@@@@@@@@@@j@@@@@@:@:@@@i@i@i@i@iii@:@:.@. ....
                      :@@i@@@:-:.:::..... .@@@@:@@@@@i@@@@@@@@@@@@@ii@i@@@@@@@i@@                                @.."@@@@@@@]i@:@ii@@@i@@@@@i@:@@iiii@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@i@@@i@i@@@@@@@@ -i.a@@]@@-'.':` ... . .:..::@x:::::
                      @i#:: S"',.*."'.0"B"',                                                                     ........'....... @:
                      .. :...@::.-:.:::.@@:.                                                                     @.. ... .....@]]-@i@@@@@i@::                               .....
                                                                                                                 ...."=:..:::::                                             .:.:::::::::::, .............,.@"*****""*"" .* ....
                                                                                                                 ...                                                        :@i@i@]@:@@@:jx@:::@:
                                                                                                                 .                                                          :i:::@:::i:::]:@:::@:@::il]@@@@.::::::::" -....................
                                                                                                                 .                                                          @@@i@@@@@@i ...............:::::::::::::.:.:::.:::::.,::::::::::::::::::::::::
                                                                                                                 ..... .....                                                ::@ @@ii@@]@@@@@@@@@ii@@@ii@@@@@@@@i@@@@@@i@:;:ii@@@@@@@@@@]@@@@@@
                                                                                                                 ...
                                                                                                                 ..                                                         ... ..
                      :::::::: ...@ .......... ::.::::::::::.@@@@@@@@Ill@]]@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@i@@ii@i@:...:... ....." ....i ......................... "@@@@@@@@i@@@@i@i@i@@@@@@@@@@@i@@i@iii@@@@@@@@@@@@@:@i@@@@;@@@@@@"- ......
                                                                                                                 -....- .....--                                             .
                             i........                                                                           ... ..... ................ ...,:                           .........
                                                                                                                 ;:.::.,::" i@@ii@@@@@@@ii@@i@@ii@:i@@:ii@@@@@@@@@@@@@@i@i@@@@@i@@@@@@iiiiiii@@@l@!@@@@...........@................% X. .....@@@i@i@@@@@@@@@@i]@@]@]@@@@i@i@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@]@@@@@li'** -1 .......@.....
                                                                                                                                                                            '.
                                                                                                                 . -...                                                     .... ......'............"..- .............
                                                                                                                                                                            ...............
                                                                                                                                                                            .... ...-............................@...........
                                                                                                                 .:....                                                     @ -@`-...................
                      ....... @.::::;:::....i@@@@@@@@@:@ii@i@@@@@@@@@@:i@ii@iii@@@@@@@@i@'                       @i@*:a@*- ' -- .:.:: -:-: .................... .::..       @@@@@@@@ili:@i@@@@@@@@@@i@@@@iii:@i@@@@@...
                                                                                                                 @@@@@@@@@@@@@]@@@:@i@;@@@@@@@@@@@@:::::::::::: .......... ;.'.;-q';'.'..-'-'@ .... .....I......... :.-.i@;@;ii@;@@@@@i@@@@@@@;@@;ii@@@@@@@@@i@@]]@@@@@:;@@@;;@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@]@@@@@:i:@:@@@@@@@@@i@@@@@@@@@:@:@i@]@@:@@;@;.@.*@;;@@@@:: . ..............@....
                                                                                                                                                                            ..-
                                                                                                                 ..                                                         '.:. .:.,:::::::::::::::::::::.,:::::::::::@' .:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::.:::::::
                                                                                                                 ..., ... @@@@@@@@@@:]:j:]:i:i:i:::::i:i:@:i:i:i:i:: '@!@@ii@@@;;@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@................... i@@@'. --:j:@::::@@:@:::::i:i:::i::::::i:::::]:@:::]:i:i:::::::::::]:"
                                                                                                                 --*... ...-... ..::                                        @@@@i@@ .@i@ii@@i@:@@ @.. ..
                                                                                                                 @@@@@@@@@i@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@]@@@@]@@@;@@@@@@]]@@@@i@@i@;@@@@@@@@ .. ::;::::::::":@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@i@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@""""".:::::::
                                                                                                                 ::,:::.,::::::: . .-@:-:-:-:-:-::.::.:..:.*.:.@@@@@@@@@@@@i@@@@:@@@@@@@@@@@@@@,:::::::::*,::,
                                                                                                                 ::::::::,:::@@@@@@@@@@@;@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@.......,."..,.-.,...'.@.....'..'@'X'.::::::. ............... . .......... ....
                                                                                                                                                                            .. ..... .. .. .. O'..' ':
                                                                                                                                                                            . .....:.:.'..@ .......... ......@"-"""""" *-'*"'*"""- .... - -
                                                                                                                                                                            .. - ... "'''
                                                                                                                                                                            , ".- .. ......... . ... ...
                                                                                                                                                                            .
                                                                                                                                                                            "... .....
                                                                                                                                                                            .V-11cle.S.... COM ......,.
                                                                                                                 ,...W:.:::::i:::i:i:::@::@::@::::::i:@::@.'@:i;@:i::,i:i,:::::.,.".,.:.:.:..: .... ...:.:.:.:"I:i.@..:.:.:.:.:..:- -:@:j:j:@: ., ]@@ i@@ Ift-i".. ..'.C ........... @@i@@
                                                                                                                 . ....                                                     ..-.V
                                                                                                                                                                            -@'w
                                                                                                                                                                            .
                                                                                                                 :                                                          ::-- ... b.- .... .**"*dm:
                                                                                                                                                                            .-
                                                                                                                                                                            :........ .q -::-:-:-:-:-: @@@@ii::.::i.......:::@*@:j::::: :.y':
                                                                                                                 .......... : @                                             Or
                                                                                                                 .. O .:
                                                                                                                 --T..a. :., ::.:                                           -,:::::::i:i::::.
                                                                                                                 : - -iM@                                                   ........ ::......:@i.:.:'..
                                                                                                                 :@:i:i@@@@i@i@:]:@:@i@i@@@@@@@@@]@]i@i@@@@@@.....*i:: .. :..:................@....@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@........-*!x.:.ii ...... no-.::.-,-"
                                                                                                                 ...... ................. ..
                                                                                                                 ......,-'-'-'-':j:j:j': @:i:i:@:'---'i:iiiii]@]]ii].@..@.  :
                                                                                                                 -ii:i-:i-*- i@:Ii:@ii@i:iii: .... :..:.,:.@
                                                                                                                 -"" [email protected]@-.-.....@i:.:.:...:.:.:.:.:'' b .-.....
                                                                                                                 . ...-. .11, @." -T.-all.....
                                                                                                                 - - ., We w .q... ....-iii                                 ..........
                                                                                                                 :-@".-'--i. .-%'..
                                                                                                                 ** ft...' . ....................... : - ..0::]-q-P.c ..    ..............
                                                                                                                 .
                                                                                                                 :- @@C.* .. is . .
                                                                                                                 -
                                                                                                                 *tm .. ........@....... .*-I 66 .V.                        .. ..
                                                                                                                 ..                                                         ::::.
                                                                                                                 .... ..... .:...:.:.....::.""".::::::.**::.,::::::d::.,..*,:.:,.,.::::::i:@:i::@@:::::@:@:@::,i@::-.::.:.:.:.:.:.::.:.,:,.:::.-.::::::...@ ....... . ...... ... .... : :.............@........................@'......................................-................................:::,.........
                                                                                                                 -                                                          ' ' '':,: ..-
                                                                                                                 ... wfi-N ... .. ... ..%........._...-.....
                                                                                                                 ..... :.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:::.:.'':i:...@......:.:.:.:@. ................ .......:.: "' -'- ::
                                                                                                                 @........                                                  I..... . ... ... :. .......'
                                                                                                                 ::::::......::::::::::: -:j:::::::---..,..........- ...... ........... ... -.....
                                                                                                                 ....@... i:i:i:i::::,@:::i:i:i:i:@:i::,::,.,.,.::.:.:.:.:.::.:: ...... . . . ....-.. . .. .....*...-... .. .. ........ - - - - 1.1" -..-............:::.--.::.: ...... ...'.-'...
                                                                                                                 -...                                                       ...:- ......." ... :::::..........
                                                                                                                 .... ...............@...........                           ... 6...... M. ...... ....... ........ .. . ... .....
                                                                                                                 -...-.-                                                    .1 ......................... . .
                                                                                                                 ...                                                        .................................... .............
                                                                                                                 ,.. ....                                                   .......@...@.........@............... ...:.:.::: -':-:::.:.:':@ .:.::.% -- -
                                                                                                                 .@.@.... . ..... ..                                        ., '*. ........... ,@:
                                                                                                                 -...*                                                      ....
                                                                                                                 ........ .....- .... i".. ......-...-.......*'..'-d"a. .-:4;i+.-': 61--ow"...............@ ... :.,@.......'........'....',@@@@.*,;@@[email protected] -..
                                                                                                                 .. .... '..                                                .@@.
                                                                                                                 .*..... ... ..@[email protected];..:@:.:.:..@@.......::               ...... ... :-.W::---.............-.. ...I... .....I..... ........................... ............ .. ............ :.:::::.::....:.:.
                                                                                                                 ri :.. .: ft                                               . .n.-I
                                                                                                                 ... .' ",,V, ""! "...                                      ......@.. ....I........... ............. ..
                                                                                                                 .::; - =. ..::-: @- -----'@                                ..
                                                                                                                 .
                                                                                                                 their,H--w-iffifiVie tr ....
                                                                                                                 - *..-....- .... ... . :i:: :@@@@@:@:::.:.:.:.:.:":..**,.,.....: ...............I................ @..................................... ....
                                                                                                                 .....-.... ........:::::::*I::..:                          ..................:.:.. ........@........ ,:.:.: ...... *:.:::::: X
                                                                                                                 -                                                          -%:.:.:.:...I. ,*
                                                                                                                 -.i:i:. ::M@I-Wiml' --ev -:::., ........ .... ::.:.:.:;:   ::.::.:.::: "il:@ii@i@ ...:::-..--...- -....... 11 ....
                                                                                                                 .'*..'*-.-.-.::*: ..... @@ii.........                      .:::::::::::::::.@,:::::::::::::.:.: ...@
                                                                                                                 .::@::: .... :::::@]ij:@:::.'%': ..... @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@]@@@@@@@@@@@@@i@i@:@i@@@@@]@@@@@@@@@@@@...... :@:@:@:i:ii@i@i@i@i@@@@@@@@@@@@@@i@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@iii@i@@@@@@@@@@''***"'* -::j:j:j:. ..i@;ii@@]@ii@'
                                                                                                                 :.....:@]@i::::i:i:::I:i]@]:iii:::i@iii@@@]@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@:@@i@@ *?j:: .................. I.............:...... ." '**"@@@:@:]:i:ii@ii@@@@@@:@:@:@:@:@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ .@@i@@ ..,..@@@@@i@]@i.@@iiiiiiii@iiiiii@:@@@i@@'"'
                                                                                                                 .-,                                                        ..::::::::::::..::::::::::.:.:..:.:".........*.:,*::,:::::::..:::::::::::::: .........@...............:......
                                                                                                                 @@@@@]@@@@@i@@@i@@]@@iii@@@]@@@@@@@@@@@@@i@a ......................@.............. :,::::::.. ............................."'- .....,..:i:@:@:@:!:j:j:@:@:@:j:@:@
                                                                                                                 -                                                          ...........@....................@.....@@....................@.@.................::::@:*:.:.:.:.:.:::::..:.%:.:.:::::...:..::.:.,.:::::::::::::::::::-
                                                                                                                 I.                                                         ...................@....................... -@.!.: - ................
                                                                                                                 :@i@@i::: :::@:@:@:@i@@@@@@@@iii@:@@@:@@@@@@@@@@@]@@@@i@@@@@@i@@@@@@@@@@@;@i@@@@@i@i@i@i@@@: iiiii::...:,..:.::::.::::::::::::::::"..,.:::::::: .:i:]::::@@i@@@@@@@@@@@@@@iii@i@:i:@:i:i:@;:::] :":
                                                                                                                 ;i;i@i@i:@;i@:@:@@:@iiiiiiiii@i]@@@@:@:]:@i@i@i@i@@@i@:@i@;@@@@;@iii@@;@@i@@;@@@@:@@:@:@@@i@@@i@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@i@@@@@i@i@@@@i@i@i@i@:@:;@@@@@@@@@@@ii@i@:::i:@:ii::i@@;@@@@@@@@@ii@i:iii@': ....:
                                                                                                                 -:;':,.:.:.:.:::.:'-@@i@.                                  :::.,:.:.-.@:.',@.........."!.!............:.:.!.!.:- ::@:@:@Z:::':::: .:,,-@ ...... -......
                                                                                                                                                                            **-
                                                                                                                 :::@@:i@@I@@:ii .....'...........                          .. ............. 1"..... ... ... @@..........................-..-...... .... ......@.....
                             @.........                                                                          .. ....:@i:i:::::i@i::i@i@iii@@iiii:::@i:.;.:.:.:.:.;.:..:.....:-:::::::::::.@!;:::::::::::::::,.,::::-"::::::::::::::::::::,:"::,:: .....U....@... ... :::iii: . ..... .. -"**:,:,:" -- '*"' @........ , ''
                                                                                                                 ,-                                                         @i?....::'**' ...:.:. ..
                                                                                                                                                                            . .
                                                                                                                                                                            :.. - W".-.' .... 1@.@@@
                                                                                                                                                                            . .. ...
                                                                                                                 .. -... .                                                  .... [email protected] :w-I ... @@ ... WI:011-" .
                                                                                                                 ..1- US                                                    - '-b V. M"MM:
                                                                                                                 ',::::;: - -Y ..'M .- A                                    -*'Hft:*:':':'::
                                                                                                                 ..... .....                                                ...
                                                                                                                                                                            .....
                                                                                                                 ;.:.-.-.-. ; i:' *:J:ffljg@@i_:,.'i                        M.@
                                                                                                                 . .....:.                                                  a.
                                                                                                                 . .. .:. :-....'.:.. "WO .. il.'..X                        .........-...... ...@--@:.;.:::::::::::
                                                                                                                 ...... . - @'.......... ::::::i:::i::.. @@a                ..... .:]::::::::
                             .........                                                                           ... . ..... :: ..... :' hiffik'.::j .... @ ft.' ---- :..4 .... .... ,::. .. .................. -..'....-..... .@::.:.:.%: .............. .....Y........1p
                                                                                                                 .............. -* -&96- Ow .....0O.": ...e...,9 .-.-'O.    ...
                                                                                                                 hK M....'.; .. [email protected],::::::::::::::::,Pg@@i@@4@i*4* ..... .... .%..... .......@............
                                                                                                                 " --' - -'...... :::..:@:,.:::.:::.:.:.:.:::[email protected] *':j:j:::j:]::i '..'.kWit ' - -,***"' .,*,..,........................:::::-@::-:-:-:
                                                                                                                 .. :                                                       " ...................
                                                                                                                                                                            -.:.:.:.:.k.:.: ... :.:.: ..... :.*.::.: .. .6 -'.@:::::::: -............. .....................
                                                                                                                                                                            .......@.....
                                                                                                                                                                            ...
                                                                                                                                                                            .... . .-.'.. -- @::.. .... *..:::.:.
                                                                                                                 .'*"i:i:i::::'i'i:i:@:]:j:j:@:@:@:: i:'.: jfi::::::j:j:@:j:]:@:::@:j:j::-4....-... .i@
                                                                                                                 i.i::;i..,::::i::i:::i:i@:,i,::i:i.:i:@ i'.'..,.,.::::::::*:j:j:]:i:i:i:::::,@,:::],i:::i:i::: @i@]@@*i-:-:* i@iiiii:i:::i:::iii:iilii:@i@ii:: @:j-.`.@:j::@::::::j- ."j: ].':j..:'.]:. :j:@]@i-.ft.".*..:.@.@@r.,*,*:ii.,.,.*,...-P-..'.@@l. .... .... 0@*@@q
                                                                                                                 ":........ I .                                             @.... ... i*#*@ ..-.%.%:.... ::::.:..:.::::::::::::
                                                                                                                 ..:::...j...... ........ ...."......-L". -- ........-... . .s .Q.... fi": "@-
                                                                                                                 .. ..-P. .. - - .........                                  , ..V. @@..:,@:.@y@l@@@4.'-..J.i!@@..-. '- ... '*::`:':'@:
                                                                                                                 . .O.... ..-,.-                                            -.. :1, ... .. .::.::,::::::::*:".,.,
                                                                                                                 - --                                                       ... ::,- .: .......
                                                                                                                 " W." -`@' ---P'..@@ --%,.-.. .. :1. ......                --::...*........ .......
                                                                                                                 ...i.. .-P. ...:                                           -. . ...... i.
                                                                                                                 ..W. --F. -'-..--.-.*.I:U
                                                                                                                 @:]@@9: Y.'.*.' O.....W....4.P:@[email protected] i....Y:::@.--@@-......7...........,...., O... - .." :' iii@@i@.'.'.@@i@:::i:i:::@:j:j:@:j:]:@:@:::j .... .-.'-X-....::.:..........
                                                                                                                 @.::..@@:@:i:@::@@@@@:i:@*'.:i:i!.::..*@.y .. ..... .W.I.,.........T. .0".........M,-.1, ..:. .::::: - *..... . . .'..'.i@@ii:@@@@@@@i@@:@:i@@ii@@@@@@@@@@@@@i@@@iii@@@@@@@@..,::@:..@:@:i@:::,.,@,*. ....@.................
                                                                                                                 ...... ... .. :.:..::. .........@                          .. ......... ...
                                                                                                                 .                                                          .
                                                                                                                 .... :.... ........
                                                                                                                 ..... X.X"......4 ....... ......... ......                 .*,:"...@::::i@@@@@@@@@@@@@i@@@i@@i@@@@@@@@@@@@@i:@@::i@:i@@i@ii@ ,.................
                                                                                                                 ........... @.....@[email protected]..@ . .............................. .-.-.-.,--..'..................... .I: ... .....-........
                                                                                                                 :@iii@@@@@@@@@@@i@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@]]@ii@i@i@@.. ii@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@;::@@@@@@]@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@i@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@]@@@i@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@i;:@'*""' .....'._.... .:. @@@@@@@@i@@@ii@@i@@@@:::::::::@@@@i@i@i@@@:@:@:@:@:@:@i@i@]@@@@@@@@@@@@. ...........................................
                                                                                                                 ::j::::Ii@@i@@iiiii@@                                      .. .:.:..-
                                                                                                                                                                            ....... ........... ..................................
                                                                                                                                                                            .
                                                                                                                 .... :@]iiii@@@@@@@@@@@@iii@@i@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@]@@@@@@@i@@;@@i@@@@@@ii@@,@@@@@@@@;@;@@:@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@]@@@@@i@i@@@@@@@@@@@@i@@@@@@:i@i@i@i@@@@@@@@@@@i@:i:@@i@@@@@@@@@@@@;@@@@i@]@@@i@@@@@@@@@@@@;i@ii@@@;i@@@iiiiiii@ii:::@::iii:ii@ii]lii@:@ii::@.,.::@:i:@@:@i:@@@i::::i@:i@@iii@iiiiiii@i@i:::@i::@@@]@Iiii@ii:l@:'j:*i,i::::@:j:j:j:j:j:@:i-i,:;i:i:@:@:i:i:i:i::,:@:::::i::::::::i:::i:@@@@@@@@@@@@i@;@@@@@@i,
                                                                                                                 i:::i,::i:i:i:@:@:@::*::@:]:@:::i:@::.:,%.":@i@i@i@@;@]:@:@i@:@@@]@i@i@:@:@:@:@:@i@@@i@@@@@i@i@:@:@i:::ii:@@@i@iji@i@i@i@i@i@:::@:@:@:@i@i@:@i@i@]@i@i@i@@@i@i@:i .... ... .... ilila@.*j:]:j:j:j.:::j:
                                                                                                                                                                            X.:-o: ....
                                                                                                                                                                            ..
                                                                                                                                                                            ,
                                                                                                                                                                            .
                                                                                                                 ...                                                        ... ....... .. ......"- `4 ..
                                                                                                                 .. .. :::.''......                                         .. .1- "'d ..
                                                                                                                 .::..                                                      ..., .... ...... .
                                                                                                                 ...:::::::.,..,.,.....                                     -X......... . .. -:-:-:-::-:-:-:-:
                                                                                                                 ...'.-....... ...................... .. .. -6-..`..*.-"..' @i:: '.y ***b .:%:.I.-- 0- .."."
                                                                                                                 .....-@."', .... jK'-'-.'-@*@-'---."-..'c&"f: . . . . . .:.*:;..@@f-*`-'@: -.:::::, .. ... .... ..
                                                                                                                 . ......... tra -.@@: ... Q...-..-@i-* ....Q -....................., .......... :..::...-.:.A." :
                                                                                                                 "' .@A .*-...M.'@ . -B.""**"""""""'@"w'**"""**'...,..j.6m@@@@@@@@@.'. .. ... . -.. ***.::::'...-:.' .-.:.........:.. .:.:.:.::....:.: --- ;..:...:.:.:.:.:.: .... . .
                                                                                                                 .. - M. . .. - .....-..                                    :::::::::::::@:11@@@:::: ::::".@@@@@:.*.:.,.:.:.:..::::i:i::::::::, ....
                                                                                                                 ..... .0.00 O.J.'.0'.....q W.... ........ra ..........     :::::::::::: . .'
                                                                                                                 11 **"",:..* i*i*i:...'..'.' ................................ ::::i::;:....:::i:i:@:iz::::,:::"::,@:j:j:j::::::::"i"*,*,, .... .... .......
                                                                                                                 ... .. .:.:.:.:...:.:.:.:.:.:.":.:@:.]:::@:i:@@:@,i:i:i:i@i:i:i:j ...... ... .... ..i.i: ....@..... ....@... ..
                                                                                                                                                                            ..-
                                                                                                                 ..... ii..'..M                                             ....:
                                                                                                                 ",*::::::::.::::::::::::::::,:,.::::::::::::::::::::, @........::::::::,:::::::i::::::::: ............'........ ........ :::@:::::]::::::::: .. "e":
                                                                                                                                                                            .. ..
                                                                                                                 jo.......0 .........@...........@.....                     '... :::::e...W'..
                                                                                                                 .                                                          .
                                                                                                                 I Mii-w-ay--.@@- W........ ..... .% O". G                  .....:@:.@ .... ................. ...........@...
                                                                                                                 .. .. ...M.toibuMb"., I::.,.                               .... .....'
                                                                                                                 ;..,m': .. ....1""' @.                                     .X...........X......... ............... ............:.:.:.:.: .................
                                                                                                                 .. .-- --........... ..                                    ..
                                                                                                                 'wwse' ::,:*:"" . ....,-................... A@A.........'...... ... ... -:....... .... .........................
                                                                                                                 . ...".. .............. ... ...... ....                    ... ................'
                                                                                                                 ...19WIqu .9r.,...@@:....-.;-...............-- - ,,, W......., .. ... .........: .....:..@..@@@@@@@@@;@@@@@@:@@@:i@@@@@@@@i@:@:i@i@i@@@@@@i@i@@@@@@@@@@i.-.-.::::::::.......... .....
                                                                                                                 [email protected].                                         :::........,::.:.:.:.:
                                                                                                                                                                            ...:..... ....
                                                                                                                                                                            - - ...- ..........-
                                                                                                                 *'.'..'-*-..'-..'i.@::::::ik:i:i:::i:@:]:i::.:::.i:i:i:i@@i@@@i@:@@@i@:@i@:@-.::.i@@@i@@@@@i@@@@@@@]@@@i@:@:i@@i@i:... ..........q:.:.:.... .@.@.@.@@,@[email protected]
                                                                                                                                                                            ** ... ....
                                                                                                                                                                            ... ..
                                                                                                                                                                            .. .....I
                                                                                                                 ::::::::::;;;::::::::::::::@::,:.:: ...'.'.'.'...."...':@....i@i@@@@@@@@@@@:::@i@@@..,.,.*.'@@:@i@@@@@:@@@@@i@@@@@i@i@@@@@@@:@i@:............... .. -. ........ = .'-.' '. ..:........"*.. .... ""'
                                                                                                                 ..... ,...:::::. ...                                       @..@@....%............,-.-.-.-.- .... ..@.....
                                                                                                                 ::: .. .... ......-:..-....":.%..: ....                    [email protected]
                                                                                                                 '....%...... @@ .... .......... .... ..                    ... .....
                                                                                                                 '@iii@:@@@i@@@@i ..:::::::::::.*[email protected].... :::,* .... . .
                                                                                                                 W..' W- .& @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@-....@]@@ii@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@.........................................@.......................@.............. ......... . .: ....... ................2.,....... - '-':-::::::@:-:-:-:-::
                                                                                                                 ...1-Y-1.49i ...'.........-.....                           -.- X ......
                                                                                                                 :: ... . .. :...-........Im .... .... ::: ...              @..... ........:..-..*.,.:::::iii@@i@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@:@@@@]@@i@@@@@@@@@@@@@i@@@@@@@@@@@ . ........
                                                                                                                 ..-..... . . ....
                                                                                                                 .... ... ........ .w.-...                                  ... ... ,[email protected].......
                                                                                                                 :*,.'@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@l@@@@@@@@@@@iii:].@]@:]:i:::@:::i:................... ...... :':.:."":,..::....
                                                                                                                 ::....... ...                                              :.. ..:..... .:.* . ..........
                                                                                                                 i@:@@@@:i:i:i@:@@:@]@@@:@:@:@i@@@@i@@:@:@@i:@:@:@:@:j:]@@@@@@@::@@@@@Iii@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@;@@@@@i@@i@@@]@@@@@ @l.-...'..'.".*:@@@,'@'-.".-.'."..-".'.*.'.-'@-..*.".@".'-'.-".'@@@. .......... @...... ... :::: ...@.....
                                                                                                                 ...                                                        ..... @ .'":.:.: .,:::-- ".'.*.'.'
                                                                                                                 ...- -:,--.-.:::....... .....                              ... ......- ...... . . ...........'....-
                                                                                                                                                                            .. -*@-.*.@@.".@@@@@@.'...'@".*;@..: -.... %. '.,
                                                                                                                                                                            @. .... .
                                                                                                                 ............ ... *i::-:*::::@:i:]:@:i@]i]:]::::::@:i@i@@@@@@@@@@@:@i@@@@@]@@@@@@', .:@i.i:i::@@-..-.i: @@.@@@@@-..-.@ ': .::: .@:]*...]:]*@* ......
                                                                                                                 :,.:... ....... .-... .......                              :::: ..::i ................
                                                                                                                 ..%.. @...                                                 :::*.,.,.......:::..:: @i.:@. ....
                                                                                                                                                                            . .........I....@..........
                                                                                                                 :                                                          - -:'..."..* . . .....@..........%
                                                                                                                 @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@;@@@@@@@@i@@ii@i@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ :::::::::::::.,.:@:i:i:i:.,..,]:]:@:'.*.".:i;i:::i...........- ..........:::::::.-....... I ''::::::::. .::.:::
                                                                                                                 --.:::::::::z.-:-:-...-... .. ....... .......-::-:--.:.--:-::i::::: a.............. ..... -..........- ...
                                                                                                                 ...............................@........... ::::::         . ....@...
                                                                                                                 @@:@i@@@@@@@@@@@@@i@i@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@i@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@i@ii@:::@i@i@@@i@i@i@:@ii:@:@i:@@@@@@:@@@@@i@:@]@:@:@:@@@:@i@]@i@]@i@@@@@@@]@@@@@@@@:@@@@i@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@;@@@@@: ::::::::::::.:.::*::::::::::::::::::::i:i:i:@:j:j:]:j:j:j:i:::::::,:i:::::i::::i:i::::::::::;i:i:::@:ii@iii@:]]@:@@@i.. [email protected]
                                                                                                                 .-.--.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-. @".".@:i::i,.;-i:*@:u@.@,:"..,.;@.--.*."**::@@:j:@:@:@:@:i-:@.,.,:::@:@:@:@:@:@@:::;@@*,*,*""....,*..*".,***".'.. *- -....... .......... ... .....
                                                                                                                 ... .......                                                ""`--:- .-- ...... .@....
                                                                                                                                                                            ..... ...-.......:@,::!:@:i:@,@:@,:::@:@;j;@:j:@ .. ..... @.'...'.
                                                                                                                 ,:::.@:::::::::........::.@:@:j:*..'@:,::@:@:@"@:@:@:@:@:@:@:.-...-.-.-...- -......-.......-.----....-.-:-:.:.:.:.:.:--........*.:@-:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:..t:.:.:.:.:.b .. -... .. ......... ..'..... ...... ....
                                                                                                                                                                            ..
                                                                                                                                                                            ....
                                                                                                                 -........                                                  ..... . ..-........... @@i.. ....
                                                                                                                                                                            .. 9.X.
                                                                                                                                                                            ......
                                                                                                                                                                            ...
                                                                                                                                                                            -...
                                                                                                                                                                            ...
                                                                                                                                                                            - -@i: -:.. . ........... @@:@ ............
                                                                                                                                                                            .
                                                                                                                                                                            .
                                                                                                                 M..                                                        .---, h"" ......
                                                                                                                                                                            .@@@M- - -...................... ...::-'-'::'-- ....... -......
                                                                                                                 .. @ -- -                                                  :, c ... ...............
                                                                                                                 ....-.:@: ......---.a                                      ...w- ba......... . ... ",::::::: ...... -;................. ...
                                                                                                                 .. i:i' @:@@:@i@'*-*' I I "',.                             @ @
                                                                                                                 .
                                                                                                                 ik-....-... @U@. .- .@:@ '...' "'.1 ".""':                 -P .......
                                                                                                                 ... .. @@: ..-
                                                                                                                 ... ..-- @ ...10.                                          ,-
                                                                                                                 ... .@                                                     0.0
                                                                                                                 ... . .. 160 twl@ V.- @@W.Ni ..............                :4 ..... ...... I.j`:@i ..........
                                                                                                                 .,T:b - .. wwh No J&"M ............ .. ....                . .:. ..--. ..... .......
                                                                                                                 ..*@:::::::::::.@::::::..,::::::::::::.::.::::::::::::@.::.:.,.,:.:.:.:* .... ............................. ". -':'-"::::::-:-:--@::-"'-" .: ...
                                                                                                                 - -V i. .....................
                                                                                                                 . ... .. W:W;k ......@.......                              .. -. ................@............ ....
                                                                                                                 -:'[email protected]*@:i:i:i:::::::::.:::.::.:.:::.::.::::.:.::.:.::@-"-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.,.@@-%*-'-'-'-':j:]:@:::::,::::i:i:@:j:j:@:::@,ii:i,:,.,:@:i:i:::@:j:j:@*::::,:.:.:,%:::@@iii@@i,@,:, "'', ..Z.......,... @.. ::: 2'.....- ....
                                                                                                                                                                            @ .... ..'.. ...
                                                                                                                                                                            ... .. ...- ... ...
                                                                                                                                                                            - -..... ...
                                                                                                                 .@-                                                        ' **-"-`@ ...'*'..--- ..........
                                                                                                                 ..i.:[email protected]:.....,::.:::::::::::;:-@::.*.,.*.,;:::::,: ..... , - - - ..... ......
                                                                                                                                                                            - - .. ..:
                                                                                                                 -                                                          ld,@.'-.-- ,............... ...... ......
                      -                                                                                                                                                     OV....., I......I.O.....11: ........ .......
                                                                                                                 .......                                                    -ye ,cm..
                                                                                                                 :.......,                                                  '..... .. - - R....... ..... - -...... %--.-.--.--'.'.%%.
                      ...                                                                                        .. @--w .'..::::                                           - '-ft ...... .. . .. ** ......-........
                                                                                                                 *11
                                                                                                                 ....... -.... g@@;Md:::@:td::::a. , 'cn'e:: i ' *91.1i. @...,..Vi@i on:111' r -::::.- ..
                                                                                                                 '
                                                                                                                 *
                      ....                                                                                       .. .                                                       -
                                                                                                                 .... .V.
                      .....                                                                                      . .......,nSIV                                             ...I-...
                                                                                                                 -.. I I                                                    :Y...@.@@e---.@-OR..,@.@...;@@@g . -...........
                      -                                                                                                                                                     .. ......... ..........
                      ........                                                                                   I- A                                                       .......@ ............ ......... .........
                      ....                                                                                       -iA y ".                                                   -. ..... .-
                      ....                                                                                       .. .... k':':':': . ....... ..I
                      .-......:::::::                                                                            . @M
                                                                                                                 .........,-.......... .. -..' - -d":':':':':':':':': ''.iiii.. ..
                                                                                                                 .
                      .                                                                                          @..6,-de
                                                                                                                 @
                                                                                                                 -                                                          .........................:...............@.................... ........ :..:-:::::::::::.::::::::::::: ........................,......-.....,...........
                      .                                                                                          ., i@@@:@:@:@@@@@@@@ii@:@i@i@@,.@@@.i@@i@:@:@@:,.................. @M'.--..---.--. ,::::::;::@@@:j:@:]:@i@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@i@@@i@@@@ii@@@@@@@@@i@@ .................@........ ........... ,.:.:.::::::,:.:.::
                                                                                                                 ...... i@i::Iumi:@!ilbO : :.::::-'..-:-..-` ...-.'-".-".-`.-'.'-'.'-': ::: ...-
                                                                                                                 .. @_...._                                                 .@ .. .....***''
                      .......                                                                                    !.-'.:i-@:i-:-:.@@@@@@@@@@:@@@:i-:: i@@-'@ii-."-.---.:@- -.-.-..-.-.-..............Mmm..:::i:]:@:@:!..@:::i:i:i:i:i:i:@:@:i .............. .....................................@...................:.:@I .... I @.... ....I..... .'. :,::: -
                      ....                                                                                       ........ :::                                               ............I.........I............. :q:.
                                                                                                                                                                            . .. ........................
                      ....                                                                                                                                                  . . .... ..... .. .......:.::.:.::::. .: .:.:.:..,.......:...%-
                                                                                                                                                                            ... .................. .......
                      ....'...                                                                                   "".......................,.........................I .............................I.... @@@ii@@:@@@@@@@@]@@@ii@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@]@]:@i@@i@@@@@]@@@@@@@@@ ... ... :j@i@@@@@]@]@@:@@@@@@@@@]@@@]@::@iii@@@@@@@@i@@'**",.,
                      ...%...                                                                                    ...... ... . .................. ................................... ....... ........................
                      -                                                                                          @@@@@@@@i@i@ii@@@@@@@@@@;@@@@@@]@@@:il@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ .. ................. ....... ***:
                                                                                                                 . ..... .' *
                      @...                                                                                       ''*"*'''.
                                                                                                                 . .........                                                .... :::: --...
                                                                                                                 .                                                          ......@:i:::::@::.@:i:i:i:.@:@:i:@:@:]:i:@:i@@@:@:: ...
                      -.....                                                                                     """""", ..*:,::",:::::::::,:
                      .-......                                                                                   Ww "... .'.*.'.'I.,.,. -......'::::::--.-:.-':'::::::.     .:.:.::.:::::..:.:.:.:.:.:::::: -:.:-:-:.'...............@ -......
                                                                                                                 ...... .....                                               .....@
                                                                                                                 ..... ...........                                          ......I.....@......@.......
                                                                                                                 ...-.:.:: ......'.....'                                    .:.:.:.::. *.....*. ..... .::: ..........
                                                                                                                 ..... . ..... : .... -                                     .:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:"...........@@@@@@@li* @ *::i@@@@@@@@@@@:@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@]@]@@@@i@@@@@@@@@ - *
                      ....                                                                                       .... - -.....
                      ........                                                                                   ..-...--::::::-.:-'- @@ .. .. ..... ... . ... :::]:] ....  .... ..... :.:.- .,.@:@@..@ii@@@@@@@@i@@@ii:@@ii@@@ii@@@@]@@]i@@
                      ........                                                                                   ::::::::::: .. ..... -.... :------- ..........'........'
                      ...
                      ........                                                                                   .............. -.. @@@@@@@@@@@@@@]@i@:i@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ @i@i@@@X-------- ............ .........::- -.1 .. .... @ --.:@@i--'.' ." ....
                                                                                                                                                                            .1 .... .@.. .......
                                                                                                                 ............. ........ .... .... ' '..                     ,.,i:i@::,:-,,::i:::]:@:j:@.i.@,:::::@:]:]:]:j;j:@:i::.::@::.::.:.::.:.:.'.....:..*..,..*..*....-....:.:.::.: ...
                      ....                                                                                       ........- .......@... ...I........I-:.:.:.--..             :::::.,.. ......:::.I@i@i@i@i@@i@@@@ii:@i@i@i@:j:@:@:@:@:@:@@@j@@@@@@i@i
                      ...@                                                                                       - ---,..-.,.-..% ...... -...:.:::::::::::::::::.,.-.:.:::::@............I I---%--.-------::::::::::::: .,-.,,,..:" ..'........
                      ........                                                                                   ................ :::::::::::.: .......... %......... :::,..:... ..... .... ... .@...........@..,........@.............@ ....."
                      ....                                                                                       ...............................@@.. ... @@:::*:::::::::.:.::- .....,..... .... ....
                                                                                                                                                                            ....... ::.6.::.::.:.: .: ... :....... .**"'* . .... ....
                                                                                                                 I......                                                    -..
                                                                                                                                                                            ..
                                                                                                                 :,.:.:.:.: --- .... .... - . ..                            .:.:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ....;@i@@@@@@@@@@@@@@i@@@@@@@@@@@ii@]ii@@@@@@i@@@@i@@]@@@@
                                                                                                                 ........ ..... - -X .:::-                                  :X, ..:.:..........................@..................... ...
                                                                                                                 ...-.
                                                                                                                 .. . -..: ....                                             ... -. . ........@.*.,...'@,.,........... ... %..@.....
                                                                                                                                                                            .
                      ........                                                                                   .: .... .. .::t,::::::::::::;:                             :.........M.N."
                      ....                                                                                       **'** ..
                      ........                                                                                   ;E....: .-.... .....
                      ....
                      @...
                      @...                                                                                       .-
                      -.......                                                                                   15,4S...*. #"::::i" - Ig                                   :.. .......'......I.....
                                                                                                                 -.-.-.%.. ..q .......@                                     0:::::::::::**" "
                      .......                                                                                    .... ....:......:::::.:.:::.".....,.,.,., ji               ........: ..............-
                      ..-                                                                                        .......,...........-.... ..... .. .::::: ........          ............. ............... .:.:.*.:.:::.::::..:.:.".. -I.....
                      .....,                                                                                     ........,..................., ... ..........: .... :.:.:.:.::::...................@ ... .....................- ...................... ,"'. " *.".....'.......I.....
                      .....                                                                                      ................'......"..- ..... -:-:-:-:-:-:-:--:--:-.,:...............:..:*...*-.'-.'-.'%'-.-.-- :::::::::::::::::::.:::::::::::".."........""."""....@.....@.......................@ ...... I...-.,.-,,
                      .-                                                                                         ....... .@..........,'...-, [email protected].@.......................@ .............@........... ... ,.......- ... ........ ........................
                                                                                                                 ......@[email protected] ...@.. ..... -------- ",-- - .          .... - '- .......'..
                                                                                                                                                                            .@-....'.....
                                                                                                                 ..----.-.-                                                 .:.:.:.:.:.::."..:.:.:.:. -- .......,.......".. ..:::@:::::::i:@::::,@,:::*@:@:i::...;.:-:-:-: . -.......
                                                                                                                 ..-                                                        ......
                                                                                                                 :,.* ........... "....'... ......... ..
                                                                                                                 ...:::.:.:.:.:::.:.:::::::::::::::::: .................',.1- ....@.......... .-.:.:.:.- ...
                                                                                                                 .... . .:.:.:.:.::.:.@.:.:.:.:.:.:.:....:.::.,.:.....:.:.:.:.:.:.........:.:.:.-.....:: ............. @.@:i:i:i:iii@@:@::ii:]:@i@@@@@@@i@i@@@i@::@i@@iii@:@i@@@i@i@i@]@::,.,.-......-.% .......
                                                                                                                 .: .: ......                                               ........... .:::::::::::::::::*:.,
                                                                                                                 .. .-.%-.-.-.-.-.%... ..... .:.:.:.:.::":i:::::@:j:@:::::i:i:i::,::::@:::i:i:]:]:@::::,::::::::i:i:i::.: ... ..:::::::::::::::::.:::::: .... ...... ::-:'@::---.*-.'- .. -
                                                                                                                 .......... ::'... .......:.:.:.                            ..-..-i:: '...........
                                                                                                                 --- .:.............-. ........                             ..................... ... ' '*.... ;@ 4' ...
                                                                                                                 ":":::::::,::::::::...;......... ... ....... ............... ...... ..."'*-'':::::::':::::::
                                                                                                                 :' ,..........4.::*..,.,.,.","....@ ... .. .. .. .... ........... .. ......@..... ..-
                                                                                                                 .x.-:"::"::.:,...;:..::..::..::..:,...                     @."
                                                                                                                 . ;.                                                       ... :.
                                                                                                                 -Vr.w.'..r.1@                                              ,W-6
                                                                                                                 .-.....- ....                                              "O..''
                                                                                                                 : :. .. .. . .. ..X. . . .:...A.T.M. - .. .. .             .. .i... .... ...........
                                                                                                                 -I.O.W.... ..... ,.-....A=.                                .T .... -.- .-........ ................. ........
                                                                                                                 .. ."** , -@':':..@@
                                                                                                                 .... W.'-'-'.i@.@-".%-'f:V .. .. . .@ ..                   t-h ...
                                                                                                                 ....... ... :: ........... ... .                           I. Owi@
                                                                                                                 _... - My ... ..@......                                    .. .... X., .. ..
                                                                                                                                                                            -. ... .... ::..'..'......
                                                                                                                 :@j@:@j::::.'                                              .::*: . ........... ....
                                                                                                                 -.. ........... ::::::::::::,:,::::::::::::::::::;,:::::::::::::.....::: .....:.-.'- . ......:. ................ .......
                                                                                                                                                                            .......@....... ...
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            .
                                                                                                                                                                            ...:::.,.: .. . . ................. .. '."'
                                                                                                                                                                            . . .....-
                                                                                                                                                                            . @:.:.. - .......-.....................
                                                                                                                                                                            -@@@@@;@@@@@@@@@:@@@ii@@i.'.@@@@@@@@@@@@:]@@]:@@:@]@@@j@@@@@@@@ ........
                                                                                                                 ..................,...::: .*::::::::::::::.@--*;:.:,:.:.:.:.......::::t-@','...O,:::;"@:: "-*..':::j:j:j:::@@i:i:: i: -** ... M--.I"-.@.'.I.'..-'. ...:.:..,.;. "' ..... @...............@...... ... ...
                                                                                                                 ..........., I...                                          ...... ** '"", ..... .........
                                                                                                                 .. 1...-.- ....-                                           ..:, .......
                                                                                                                 :... ."                                                    ...,............'.... ::; ................ ............
                                                                                                                 .,I.:: ..... ca                                            U..--'.i@@i@@@ili]:i:* .....@...... .. ... :.:@:@::'.'.'-'."-'....*- .........'..
                                                                                                                 *                                                          .%.. :::::- ::*::::: -...".,
                                                                                                                                                                            .:.:::::::::::::::..::::::::::::::..
                                                                                                                 ..... -                                                    , -* ... ......... -:: .:.*..,. ............
                                                                                                                 ... ......                                                 .. ::.:.::.::..:::::":.:.:::::::: :::::
                                                                                                                 .1 .....@... ..-.- ,'@@@                                   .....Y..
                                                                                                                 .
                                                                                                                 -. : ;@ .... UM-
                                                                                                                 ......:"-:::;:;:@j-:::::'::-::& ih i9""""'' -              X
                                                                                                                 -. Ii. .@:* . .........x...                                --:-:-:-:-:-:.:..::.:,.:.:.:.:.:, - ... ............
                                                                                                                 @
                                                                                                                 :: *.... ao ]::@:@:@:@:j:j:];I@.....'.','..'.."...........*..,., -'--* .. ....-..... ::::::: ::..:::, **
                                                                                                                 ............. .. ........... V....'................ .:-    .
                                                                                                                 ...-..-.-.,....................@....@.... .......... ................- ..... j:@-.:i:i:i:*-.j:j:*.....i...:i:]..-.......... *:::::::::::::::::,:.::.::::........ ............
                                                                                                                 @...... . . ............ ...................               ......... .................., . - ..... . .
                                                                                                                 ..... ...                                                  ::::::::::::.:::..,........:::::.: ... .................. .. --...
                                                                                                                 ... .. .......................................... ..... ............ - -. .:::::::,:....... . .......
                                                                                                                 .. ...... ..                                               . . :::::: - *............ .....
                                                                                                                 ........: .............. ::::::,:: @.*-.'iiiii".i:@.@iii::iiii'....@@@@@@@@@@@ i@--': ....... - -.@"::.:::::::::::::::::::::::.::%..., .. ..
                                                                                                                 ........... .@.:.:.:- -... . ....                          :.:::::::::::::::Z.......:::::::::,.., .. %....
                                                                                                                 :- ... : .:-'-'-:':':-:-:-%'..... *'                       .........@.... - .::
                                                                                                                 .... .-.................... :..::%.. ..............        :.:.:.. .............. ...........
                                                                                                                 .... :::::::.:.                                            @..:.:.::.::.:.: . .. . .... ......-.........
                                                                                                                 :.....:....:..... ..::::::::,.:.,...,.,...,.*.,.,"..-* .................... :..:..*.* .......-..........
                                                                                                                 :: ... * ,.:---:-::-:-:-:-:-:-. - *,.:.:.:.:.:.:           :::,@i@:@@;i@@@i@:@@@@@i@i@ii@@i@@::@:@:@@@@@@@@@@@@.@@@i@i@@@i.-.'-.-.-@.... ::.::::.:
                                                                                                                 :::::::::::::'*"' ..... ..:i:.'..'.:i:@*..'.,..*..'@,::::,.::::@...: ::,:.:.:.%., ..' -'-'- - -. .. ........... *:.':-:@: ......... *%""*
                                                                                                                 ..... . ...............                                    -*
                                                                                                                 .'... :::::::::.....                                       %.. . ..... . .--- -- -- --...... -.1.
                                                                                                                 -:X:X-@- ''.........                                       . ..... ....... ....... .,.'.,.,.. .'
                                                                                                                 ....;. ..' ..., .';-'-.---. ..... :,.,-.,.,.,.,...@[email protected].,.-.,...@.@.....`'-.*-.,.'-'-:::::
                                                                                                                 :1., ..:::- .........                                      ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
                                                                                                                 '
                                                                                                                 '............ ...                                          . I.::::::::
                                                                                                                 :.......                                                   . ..
                                                                                                                 -- - I ...,.::::,:::: -'-'-"""`--`- '.....: .......        :': ", , -:::::!:::: :::::::::: :::::::;::::::::::::: .. @'[email protected]..
                                                                                                                 ---                                                        ....
                                                                                                                 ...,.: ..: :: ""' , "'                                     : ...,.,..,..*.,.,.,.,..:@::::::z:::::.: .,::.:::::::::::::
                                                                                                                 ...... .X... -- -"I"""'...., ::-'--" '                     ::.::::: .:.:::::.
                                                                                                                 : -: ::: ....... ....... .::.*:':@ ......... .........     .--...............- .......... .....
                                                                                                                 ::::.:::                                                   .... *..'.. ME: IMM: .....
                         - -::: XjI.                                                                             ,".............. .:..-,.:Z::::::..:.::: .::.::,.-.-.-.-.-..*" "--"""-"'-` ''*'**'*"' *:X':,:'X...... ....... M..'.'......--.-.....:. .... .'
                                                                                                                 ..... :.:@ """" *"***"*'* .. .. .."
                                                                                                                 ** ... - -.. ...
                                                                                                                 .'.'.'.'I,.. .' -."'.", ".
                                                                                                                 ....... . ........ '..'....
                                                                                                                 ..............' ............I.....
                                                                                                                 ......-,[email protected]
                                                                                                                 @...........@....
                                                                                                                 .:.:..:.:..:::... .........................@..................................
                      [:[email protected].@:i:i:@:@:]:]'...*i.,*.:@.,.:i:i..:@:..iiii.'.:i..::::                            -- @ -:''.: . .... .. :::: ... ........................................-...
                      .
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '

                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            *


                                                                                                                                                                            '


                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -

                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            '



                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            '

                                                                                                                                                                            '



                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            I
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            *

                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '

                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -

                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -


                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            *

                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            -


                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            '


                                                                                                                                                                            I
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            .-
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            *

                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '


                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            '



                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -

                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            *


                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '



                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '


                                                                                                                                                                            I
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -

                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            ...'
                                                                                                                                                                            '


                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '


                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '


                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            '




                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '

                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '




                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '

                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            I
                                                                                                                                                                            .-
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '


                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '

                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '


                                                                                                                                                                            '


                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '



                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            *

                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            ..
                                                                                                                                                                            ..'
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '


                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            - -
                                                                                                                                                                            - -
                                                                                                                                                                            . . .... @'
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            ..'
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -.'
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            '

                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '


                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            -


                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '

                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            ..*
                                                                                                                                                                            '

                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '


                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '


                                                                                                                                                                            '


                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            '


                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            *


                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            *


                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            '




                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '


                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '

                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '

                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            '



                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            '

                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '

                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '


                                                                                                                                                                            '

                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '


                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '


                                                                                                                                                                            '

                                                                                                                                                                            -


                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            '




                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            *

                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            '


                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            '





                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            '

                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -

                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            '

                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            -

                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '

                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '

                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '

                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            '


                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '

                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '


                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -.'
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '

                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '

                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            '

                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            *



                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '


                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            '

                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '


                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            *


                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            ..'
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            *

                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            *


                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            ..'
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            *


                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -

                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            ..'
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '


                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '

                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '


                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            '



                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            -

                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '

                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            '


                                                                                                                                                                            '




                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '

                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '

                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            *

                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            '


                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -

                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            '



                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '


                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            -

                                                                                                                                                                            I
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '


                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            *


                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            '






                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '


                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -


                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '


                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            *


                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '


                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '

                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '


                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '

                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            '


                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -

                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            '



                                                                                                                                                                            ..
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            ..
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            '


                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            '


                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '


                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '

                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '


                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -

                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            '


                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            *


                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -

                                                                                                                                                                            I
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '


                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            '


                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            @
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            I
                                                                                                                                                                            @
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            @
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '

                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '


                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -

                                                                                                                                                                            ..
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            *


                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            *


                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            '


                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '



                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            '

                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            *
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            '


                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '



                                                                                                                                                                            -

                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '


                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            @


                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            ..........
                                                                                                                                                                            ......... . . . .. ........*
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '



                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            *


                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            '
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -


                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            -
                                                                                                                                                                            ......................--.-...........................-
                                                                                                                                                                            ......-.............---.................-..........,.....-
                                                                                                                                                                            .....-............................- - ......."..
                                                                                                                                                                            [email protected]
                                                                                                                                                                            .-........-----.-.....-.......----.-..---....--....,.....-
                                                                                                                                                                            .-... - .....-..............-.......-.-.............-I.....-
                                                                                                                                                                            ... . . .... .......... .@
                                                                                                                                                                            ... . ............. ... ....
                                                                                                                                                                            .. ............... ..@...
                                                                                                                                                                            . . ....... .....-
                                                                                                                                                                            ... . . . ........... I @
                                                                                                                                                                            ... . . ........ .
                                                                                                                                                                            .... .. ... . ............ .
                                                                                                                                                                            ... .. - -. ... ..... ... .
                                                                                                                                                                            ....... .- -- ..... - @...
                                                                                                                                                                            ..............-.................-...............-.......-...-
                                                                                                                                                                            -.........................,-.......-............@@@
                                                                                                                                                                            ............ .... .. ....... @ -
                                                                                                                                                                            ................... ... . . .... ..
                                                                                                                                                                            - - - ... .. - .........' -
                                                                                                                                                                            .. .................. .. - .. ..'.-
                                                                                                                                                                            ...........................-.---...............,...-
                                                                                                                                                                            . .......... - .. ...'......
                                                                                                                                                                            ............... ........'......
                                                                                                                                                                            ........ ..........................,......,.....-
                                                                                                                                                                            .. .. .. . ........ .. .. .,...
                                                                                                                                                                            ........ - ..................... - ,....
                                                                                                                                                                            - - .......... ................,.....
                                                                                                                                                                            .. .
                                                                                                                                                                            . ......
                                                                                                                                                                            ..
                                                                                                                                                                            ....
                                                                                                                                                                            ....
                                                                                                                                                                            ...
                                                                                                                                                                            .
                                                                                                                                                                            ..
                                                                                                                                                                            .
                                                                                                                                                                            .
                                                                                                                                                                            .
                                                                                                                                                                            .


                      a                                                                                          4i
                                                                                                                 "M

                                                                                                                 .
                      72                                                                                         South Alabama Regional Planning Commission

                                                                                                                 .






                         Comprehensive Plan                                                                            Transportation
              rar) C






           Average Daily Traffic Volumes

           Historical average daily traffic counts and the'most recent traffic counts were      obtained from Alabama Department of
           Transportation. The most recent counts available were taken during 1992. These volumes represent average daily traffic at
           particular locations, as shown in Table 27. Current problems in the network were identified by comparing maximum roadway
           capacities with actual volumes. The traffic volumes used here are to provide a general indication of problem areas or potential
           problem areas. Levels of Service (LOS) were derived using information from Table 28. It should be noted here that the
           LOS shown using information from Table 28 and the traffic counts provide by the Alabama Highway Department indicates
           that all primary transportation corridors are operating at LOS A. Perception of the driver is of critical importance regarding
           this. If a driver perceived that there are unnecessary delays or that a roadway is over-crowded then that roadway is not
           operating at an adequate LOS. A driver would expect delays when traveling along corridors through, for example, Atlanta
           or Dallas. but these same delays are not tolerable when traveling through Orange Beach, Alabama, even though all three
           roadways are operating at LOS A.

           All stations have shown an increase of 119 percent to 410 percent since 1979. The most significant increases occurred on
           Alabama Hwy. 182 east of Alabama Hwy. 161, a logical outcome of the developments along the beach. The second largest
           increase in traffic over the time period was also on Alabama Hwy. 182, west of Alabama Hwy. 161. Traffic along Alabama
           Highways 180 and 161 increased steadily from 1979 to 1992. Traffic counts for Alabama Hwy. 182 at the Florida state line
           are only available from 1986, but still show a substantial increase. Most of the significant traffic growth along this network
           occurred 1986 to 1992.








                                                South Alabama Regional Planning Commission                                              73






                        dlof                      Comprehensive Plan                                                                                                                                                  Transportation

                               Beach



                                                                                                                                                                                               . .........            .............         .. ...........
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            .............. ..........
                                                                                                              ............                                                                                                                  ................................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           . ..........
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            ...........
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            ...........
                                                                                                                                                                        . . . ...... .
                                                                                                                                                                                                               . ........                   .......
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      .................
                                                                                                                                                                             ...                   . ......................
                                                                                                                                                                   ............                      ..............
                                                                                                                                                                                                     ...........
                                                                                                                                                                                                        ... . .......
                                                                                                                                                                                                     ..... ..   .. ....
                                                                                                                                                                    .... ....
                                                                                                                                                                    ..... ..... .
                                                                                                                                                                 . . ... ......
                                                                                                                                                                    ...............
                                                                                                                                                                 ............
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            ............ .........
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            . ....... ....-
                                                                                                                                                                      .............                                                         .... . ......
                                                                                                                                                x ...... .. ...                                                                             .. ...... ....... ...... .................
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            ......... ..............
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            ............
                                                                                                                                            .. ..........
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            . .........
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            .. ........... .......


                                                                                                                                                                           .......                                                          .... ..
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            ...... ... . .. ..... ... . .
                                                     ...............
                                                      ............                                                                                                                                                                          ... ... .... ......
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      . . .......           .......
                                                                                                                                                                                             .......                  ..............        ..................I............ .
                                                                                                                                                                                        ...............
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            ......................
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      ......... . .

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            ........ .... ..
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            ........ .............
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            ........... ......


                                                                                                                                                                :66,
                                                                                                                                               ...............................                                                              ...... .
                                               ... ......

                                                                                                                                                                    ...                                               ..........
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      ..........
                                                      ............
                                                  .. .. .........

                                                                                                                                                                                                                      . .......                   ..
                                                     ..............
                          .. ..........

                                                                                                                                            .......                 ...
                                                                                  . ......                                                                                                                            ........
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            ...... ....
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      ..........
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      ..........
                                                                                                                                            ....                    .....                   .......
                                                                                             .......                                        .....                                      ......  .......
                               ..............   .....    ......                                                                                                                             ........                                        ..... . .....
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            ..........
                                                                                                                                                                                            ...............
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            ............


                                                                                                                                              ...                                       .... . .. ...

                                                                                                                                                                                                 .....                                      ...........
                                                                                                                                                                                          . ............
                                                                                                                                                                                              ...........                                   ....
                                                      .....                  .......


                                                                                                                                                            ...... ...                                                                      ......

                                                                             .......... M.
                                                                                                                                                                                                     ...... . . .                                 ...
                                                  ..........


                                                                                                                                                                                                                      .... . . . ...              .......
                                                                                             ..........
                                          io                                                                                                                                                                ............

                                                                                                                                                                                                 . . . . . . . . . . . . .



                                .............
                              ...............
                           .........  .....
                              .................
                                                                                   . . . . . . .......

                                                                                    .............
                                   kc
                                 .... ... ............                     . .....
                              ...... . .................            .... ...
                                                                     .....................
                                                                    ....................
                                                                    ......................
                                                                                                              . . . . . . .. . . . . . . .
                                    S    ..........
                                  .. ..........



                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            . .... .......... .
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            . ..... ..........
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            ... .. . ... ... I. .
                                                                                                                                                                                           ..................                               .... ... ......
                                                                                                                                            ..............
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            ........... . ... . . ..
                                                                                                                                                                                            . ..........
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            ... .... .... ....
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            . . .... .. ....
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            I... ..... ..... . . ...
                                                                                                                                                      ...........I
                                                                                                                                                       .........



                         74                                                               South Alabama Regional Planning Commission





                      d'yqf                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Comprehensive Plan Transportation
                      Aft
                      IIECI)rv@-,.
                                       Beach


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       --
                                       -...                                                                                                                                                                                                                            @::@:: . .................. ......... .............. . ..............................@...
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .. .... @-- .......................... - -.... ;;. .................. , ,.-,...:.:.:.:.: .... -.X...
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       - ...- .... ......... , ,"'*'* .. ... :::: ...... ".-...............................- --.. ........
                                       -                                                                                                                                                                                                                               .-.. -.-.-.-.-.-..-.-.--..............% .........-............. -............- . .... ..., :-.,. --..................... :...@
                                       ...                                                                                                                                                                                                                             --- ............. .. ... ....... ...........-......--:-....-.,,... ----.-...-,.,.. ...-.-,%-.....:...... .. ...........
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .. -. .... .. -..---....--.,-
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       -- @-.-.-.-.@--@@[email protected].......@.,...,.-.-..@ ...............@........ [email protected]@ @@3@@@i@@@@@@@i@i!!@@@!..'..'i!@!i@@.......... .. -..:...:.:.:,: ....... :.:::. - .,.. - -
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .... @-.-...- .... %......,.........,.,... """"' *""'***",. ....-........ .......... ...-.:..-.:.:-:.:.:.:...-..
                                       -.-@                                                                                                                                                                                                                            .-.. -............. ....%...-.: - .....: , ........ .. iT ..,*"".,@@i@@!@@i@@@@@@@;@@@@@@@!@i@@i@@@ii@.'..*@@@@i@@i@@@@@;@@
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ... .....-
                                       ...                                                                                                                                                                                                                             ,-
                                       .                                                                                                                                                                                                                               .. ............,,............ ......... .... ,. .. ...*........ [email protected]... I.. I........ @ @..... @ @....
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .. .............
                                       ...                                                                                                                                                                                                                             -__ .@................................... .:.:: . -X.:w@- .:.:.:. . i@!@ii@@@;@ij@..@ij@i.. @@= "", - @...-.-...:-:-::::::-: . ......... -...... I. -........ .:::::-: ........@......
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ... .............I......................... .-.................................................. -"' .......... ..,....,....I...... @...I.......,,... :.. @ ,:.:.X.
                                       ...                                                                                                                                                                                                                             . -..................@...... ... . ........ ...... ............... @.. '.'.*., - -.................... @......I...@........................... .@.......
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ......................%................... ,....., ........... ....:.. .. ...
                                       ...                                                                                                                                                                                                                             . .........@. ...... ......... ......@........@........... .....,
                                       -                                                                                                                                                                                                                               ... ................... @.%..-.-.' -:'.@:---::::::i..*.@:::@:i:i:i:i:::::.--@*::i:,..i:i:i:i:.*.-.*.., .:.:.:.:.. .......... .-.%.-.-- .
                                       ...                                                                                                                                                                                                                             .... ... ".
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ... ::::::.: ........@..........@@i@!!@@@i@i@@i@@@iiiiiiiiiii@iiiiiiiiiii@@@@@iii@@i@i@iiiiiiiiiii@@@@@@@@iiiiiii@iiii@iiii@@@@@@@ii@iiiiii@@@ii@iiiiii!@i!@@i.--... ....... ." .. ... :: - :::.::.::%- ....... ,.....
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .. *:::, ,,
                                       ...                                                                                                                                                                                                                             - .:.:.:.:::.. .::...: ....... . ....... ..........@@ .-- -I.- - --i@i@@@i@i@i@i@!i!iii@@@@@@@!@;iiii@iiiii@@@@@@@@]i@i@!i@iii@!i@i -**"*"" ..-......,.....
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .. . -.................- .....
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ::. .. -........... @................%............. .
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .. ........ ...-.......... -.:-:--:-:-:-:.. -.,:: : - - - -'..-.- - --,
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ....:.: ........@........ ...... ........ .....
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ... .... ......:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:... ,:.,..%'-.'-'-'-.' "' , - - @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@1:1:@@@:@]@@@@@i@:@i@i@::.- - : :.,.:::.-:., .::"..,.:.:.:.:.:.:.,.:.:......-
                                       ...                                                                                                                                                                                                                             ::::: ........ ....I... -
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       . -....
                                       ...                                                                                                                                                                                                                             ..... ..-
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ... .....-.......
                                       ...                                                                                                                                                                                                                             .... .......-- -...............::.:.... --. .... .@i]..: ... : *.:.:.:.,.,.:.:.: ... :::::.:.*.,
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       -.....@: .... ....... ..:.-...................I
                                       ....                                                                                                                                                                                                                            -..-.--:....,...-............... .. ..:.::.:::.-.::.. .:-...- .'%'-.-.'-.
                                       -                                                                                                                                                                                                                               ... ...::@@i@
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       :M..... ..., -- ..... ...
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ..... ........ -- .** -. -.-.@@@@@..*.@@@@@@i@@@@-@@@'.*@@@@@@@@:@ .....
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .. wg"i"@i ..... -.. .-*:::::::@@:.@ . .* -, -, ... .... -.......
                                       .....                                                                                                                                                                                                                           . ..- .g@ - -..........,........ .-
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .**
                                       .                                                                                                                                                                                                                               ... @@ .:.:---.:.:.:.- .- .- ..................
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .JW::::@*`.........-:. -.- ....
                                       . ... -                                                                                                                                                                                                                         .... [email protected]@@-- ...@@ .......: .... .. .. :.. :--*:-:- :--....:....:. ,:, ...@......... I.,......
                                       ....                                                                                                                                                                                                                            .-. .......... Om- -,..... ..-.............................. -...............- ....
                                       ...                                                                                                                                                                                                                             .% ...... ..... .. ..... - .. . @:.:.:.::-:: z:.::.:.:.:.... @,.-..-.X-.* ...
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       . @......... - W....X... ........ %. -................. %. @...........................
                                       ...                                                                                                                                                                                                                             .... * @...............*.... ... :.:.:.% -1 -.......@.. [email protected].......
                                       ...                                                                                                                                                                                                                             .-.. ex ........ --..': ....... - .t ..: .., ..... ... ............ * ** - .* * "'.
                                       -                                                                                                                                                                                                                               :..M ..@ .'..., -... ... .................
                                       ...                                                                                                                                                                                                                             .... @ ,@. U......... ... ............................ - @:.::.::::::,.,...,......@..@........... .......
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ..A.W. .::.:::::.* ... - -, ....... -'.................- ...........
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ..@
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       1..M..:, K-. ..@.......
                                       ....                                                                                                                                                                                                                            -...i.. It... ... .:.:X::: ..... ...............,.... -- ............ ---
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ..'@ ,55w-... il . ... @-` ..:.: .. ......@......@
                                       -                                                                                                                                                                                                                               . .,@[email protected].. .. -- -.........
                                       .....                                                                                                                                                                                                                           .. ..: @:.%:.: ... .......... %.................... : :
                                       ...                                                                                                                                                                                                                             %.. .. ........... 1. ...........w... .......,.. .... @ @ @.@........................@...@.@...........
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ... ............. --
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ... -- ..........@...@...
                                       ..-                                                                                                                                                                                                                             .... : -:.::::.:.*:.:.:.:.:.:.:. ..., -...,...... . . . " @ ..... - @...... .. ......
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .......-.. ....
                                       .....                                                                                                                                                                                                                           -... . ........ .... -.- ......."..' ".. -::::.:..,::. @@@@@@@@@@@]@@@;;@@@!i@!@iiiiiiii@i!@@@@@@@@@@@@@@i@@iiiii@iiii@@@@@@@@@@@@i*
                                       ....                                                                                                                                                                                                                            :::::::.* ........" [email protected]...".-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-. ....-...... .. ::.,-.................. -.. -
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ..... ....... @. ..:: -.............. .. .....--... -.......
                                       .-...                                                                                                                                                                                                                           ..... [email protected][email protected]............... . I.. ................ - -...............-..... .........' -- . .---- @@@@@@@..@'@@@@@@@@@@@.'.*@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@'*.*".",
                                       .                                                                                                                                                                                                                               .......@...................... ...... ................. .:.:.:.: ..........1
                                       .                                                                                                                                                                                                                               .': " ::,:.... , - . ........ -..... .. .........
                                       .                                                                                                                                                                                                                               ...... - -............ @.., .............-.........
                                       -..                                                                                                                                                                                                                             .................. ....... . .@... .. -.-.....:.,
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       : ::... - :::::::-::: " *..:::::::-::-: ::,::::::::::: :::
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ........ ...: ..:.@ii@:@i@@@@@ii@@@@@j@@@@ij@@@@@@@@@jij@j@j@i::": :: @
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .:..:.:... - :: .. ........................ - - - @. .........:I., ... - .. ........ .,., ..........,,` *:*:
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       , . .- ..w.............. .... -.*
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .... :-:-:-* ..:.:.....-.......:... @...-..-............. .. ,,, ........ ..I... , I...........::::.:.:: .:" .........,...,
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ... :- ........,
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ,,.....,, ,
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .............. ...........I... ..... .. ..w. ......
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ... ..... ..... 1.-:- .
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       . ........ :... ..... -.;.:.:.:.:.;:.:.:.:. .................... ,: , , *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .. ..;.:,:.:.:.;.;. . .. . _:X..
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       - - - :*::: ::: -*-, .............. w. .. ..... -.:.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       :. -........: ....:.... ...........,
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ......-,.... ....:................
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ...... ........ ..................
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       . ....:........:
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .,.......:.....:::@@.@@..-.,@:,.,--.*----.**---*.*-*'.**-.'*@il',.'*.*'""@@@@@@@i - ::*:*;,; @i,.,:i:::]@:@i:@ --:".,@i@' --
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       :: :
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       :.... --.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-..**..*.*.*.*..*.----- -.---.--*-.--.*-.@il',-'--.'.-..@@@@@@@@.---.---.--.--.----------i :***"*,* i@i..,.,:i:::]@:@i:@@@.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'*********.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.""""':'.,.,,@,'iii...-- --
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       :..... .. . . ..... . ....... @.... ........ I............... - '............. -- ... -. ... ,.-.--.--.-.....--,
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ..:.: ... :.:.:.:.:..:.:.:.: ..........I......:.. ............. '..... .. ................, -
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .. ...................... - - - - - - - - ..,.. ..%...... ... ... . . .
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ....................... -'-'-'-'-'-'-'. -'-'- ............ ..-... ... ....
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       @....-.. ........ . - %-...-
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .....................@.....:... ,....%................ '-.-.'-.-.'.-...'..'..'..*..'..'..'... ,'% ..-.................
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ......@.,....@....................... '@@@@@@@]@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@]@@@@@@*..'.@i@@@i@@@ ,*% ....... - ::, ::, .... --.. .. -
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       [email protected].......: :........-*"*' ,*... ** ,
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ..........'.... 1. @@@.@@@@@@@@@'..*.,@:@:@.,.."@:.'.*.,.-......*."@-'-.'-'.*.** :.. x................. . ..... .. .-.-.-.-.-.-.--
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .:.::::::% ..... . . .-.. -...................'.. .::: ..::.:.:.:.::::::.:::.:::::: :: :.:::**,.:.:.:.:.:.:: i:@:@:::@::::iil@:i@iiiiiii@@iiiii@@:::::::@:i:ii@iii@:iiiii@@:* .......... - .:.,.,..,..,....,.......@......................@-..@............'......
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ............-....., -.......................... ......... ................
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       :.:.:-:.* .'.'.- ..... . .... ....... ,.,.:.:.::.; -*.:.:.:.:.:, .:.:.:.:.:.:. ......'..........
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ., --.4......]-....,..,......
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .6. -,-......%
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ......@. . - ...- ....
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ....@.......... ... :@@@@@i@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@i@@@@@@@@@@@@@;@@@@@@@@@i@@@@@@]@]@A':':':':':'::: ::.: `:: **'* ..... ..-.-.-.-.-@@@@@@@@@@@:@@@@i:;];@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@..4"%..O.- W.. -..............
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ............. . :-::.:., , ".., ... .. ...... **'*'.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       :. ..:.:.*.,.:::..@:]'-..:,...,.,*-,."..:.:,.:::,-,-,:,:,:* . ,......:..-.-...............@.............,............
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       :::@@@--'.]@,-.".-,..*...,.--,.*--.'*--.,.,.,..,,...,@.-.---.--.]@]@@::::::::::...:::::::...:: --- :.:.:.:.:.@..:.:.:.:..:.:.:@.:;IiQ: @@@@@@]i@i@@ii@@:'@@@@::@@@:@@@:@:]:@i:@@ii::@:@:@@]:::@:j@@:j@@::..-... ......,......,
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ....,....... ....- ,::.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ...
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       -
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .-, :-::-,@... .....
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .-...-- ........... ... .................. @].@ @@@@@@iiii@@@@@@i@i@i@@@i@@i:,:,*, -.. .
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ...... ............
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ................. :.............. .... ....:-,
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ..--::-::-: ..... ...,...........-...... ........ '.. w... -
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       -- .@.. @...... i.:... .@:wi@ @:i,-.'*.*"@@,.-,@'@,.,.-,i,.,..., ,
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .:::::::'.--::::.-.-.-.. *:*:.: ... ...... .@
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ............... ..... ;j:AW .......:...............
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ... :-::-:::-..-:@'.. ..'......................-.'I-.-.-.-.,.-
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .........
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ...... :::.: . .... ... .@.......................,."**.,.* .... ............
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ......... .. ....... @ .... ... :::::..:.:::, * , , , ': ... . . .....@............ ........
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .......,%%... ... ....'.....'....., ...,......-.. ... . - .. ...,......"...,.....
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ........................ ::... ...... .-......-..'..-..-.,:@ . ...... .
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       -... %.-: .::..:::::::;::::::::..@.....@::. ..:.:.:-...... .. ..
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       -. ........@... .: @ ,, .... ::: ... @.* .......... *,:.@ :...... ::..-..........-:-:::-:..'-.--. 0:. ..........
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       :.. .@.'.'.......,.-:::@:@:@@@@@@@@'.-'@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@i@t.,.@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ .. ... *- ........... ..... .................
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       . @-*- - ,.:.. ....::,*",..:.:..:.,@:..:::,..:..:@::::., ..J,..: ....:-...%:.:.:.:::::.:,..:.:.:.:.:.-::.,..:.:.::.: .........
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ....
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .. ...... .... .
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .... - *.............. ..................**:**:ii:i@:@@:i@:@@:@@@@;@@@@@@@@@@@@@i:@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@--. ..,:::..
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       -.. --.. ..-
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .. -... ..
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ;:, * @i@@@i@@@i@i@@@..i@:]@.'..**.".".-@i@@@.'-.-".:i:::::::::...:::@.......-.-.....-.................-..::::::::::::::::..::::::::::::::::: ...:::: .O............
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .................. .:-%-::: -.:: , , :::: . .................. @ @...
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       . ...........* "... ... .........@.....@
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       -.......-... . ....................@.....
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ...@:.-.::@@@@@@@@]]@iiii@@@@i@@@@@@@@.1 .....-.-.-.% .....@.........@..... .................
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ----......
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .. .......-.......
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ....... ::::.:::"*:"**:::::::::::':: ...A. . . . ...... -.... :''***'*'*....@...
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ...
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ..... .).@s@i@@@i@i@@i@@@]@@@ .... @: @]@@@@ii@ii:ii:ii:::,:....'.............:::::@:::::::@:@:::@::::::::i:::.:::@-:;;:i::,@:::::::i:::@:.:::i:........ ........... -....,..-.-.- ...................@..........,..,.. '*'* i.-..@]:@:@:::iiii:@]@@@]]@]@]@@.".iii@'..'.@@@@@@@i@@i@iiiiii::":-*'***"*'-.-"-".--.*'..."*"'..........'.... ...,,..........
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .... .. . -.*--...::::@:::@:::::::.: ......-... ................ ...-......
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ...... .... ..... . .... . .. @:-,-.-* .. - -."*"'' *... ..-....,::.....:.,....:.::: ".... "' ....... .....-,,...
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .::::::..--. -'.."Or li:@]@@]@@* --:@@::i@@:]@@j:@:@:@xj@ -f * ,:--'--::-.:: . ........ I- -:. .. -...:.,: :::::.:." *....... :::::::::::::::::: ........... ..... ,.:...
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       @" * ..""..: ,.................. , -- -@'.'**..'-..'.'.*.."..,@...".', - - -.-. -.*' , ,
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ... .:::* "'" . ........... ......O...........--..................
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .: *::::: -:: ..-:;i;*-.--@,'.@-,*.*'.-,..*-...'...*.i.'-.'..-..".i'@@@".".*-.., -, ... ,:.-:-:,..,.,.,.*.::@-.......,.--...
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ::,:*::::::: -::..: .ii--,-,.ii:,.* -.:j:@:]:j. :::-
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ... ::::::@' .:.:.-..:.:.:.X.:.:.:.:,:.. ............- ................. .. .: ... .. :::::--------------- -... ...-...@..@...................... ...... -,
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       . . . : ...................-..........................@....... ..... ...:......... .. .......... -- - - - -.%-.- -...., ........----- ...
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ......@. .......... .........................-.. ..... ... - .%........@...%.. ...... .- ........-............@....................................... @.-.... -..... .W..............
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .:::::.: ..,.:.:.: *,,X,:@:.:::..::::::::::: :-;-:-:-:::::::....-.:,.-.A M............ . .@...... ....... X .. i::- - ................ -:-:-- , -::-:-:-:::: .:.:. : : : .::,. - " * *' "......
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .. .. ..........., ... .. .... ............
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ........ .%.% ... -.-..:::::::::::::: .:.:.:.:.:. .
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       i::::::::::::::i,,.. -.-........ ... ..... .. @::--.-.-.:::.:.....:.@@@@-.-....@@@@@:@@@......@i@i@i...@@@@@i@@@i@i@i :-::::* ......@..... * , "....'. : * "..". @......
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ... .7 . .......I.-
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       :::......,...i. -j:::::@:::::A:::a:@:. .:::@'. . @.......:" -- " -.4............
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .:.,-@.:-:-:-:-:::-:::' **::j:j:::, , , , *'*'*' -...*...................................... ..,,......-
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ,
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ,... @@@@@@@:@i@@Iii@@:@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@8-7X". .. '::::::::::::@*.-*..-'..-.i . ...... .........
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ::,-.i@ii@@i]@@@@@@@@@@@@@@............'.'.'.'.'.L............_,-....w:*
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       :-:- 1@11@i:i:@:::@:::: ..i.:::.:::.:-: . ........................... @- ................ . ......................... :,::::.:::::::
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       :::@@@@]i@@@@]i@]@@@@iiii]@@@@@@@ @@Ii@]:@i]@@i@i@@@i@iiii@ .... .. ........,-....:::::::. .:::::::::-.-.::::::::::::... "' , ,,.............
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ... - - - -...:@.:..:.*,:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.,.,.:.:.:.:.:I N. - -...11,.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ........ -................................................
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .. ...... ,.......... .... . ......
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ..", "", ""' . .***"-' ..",". -..
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .... ..
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .................... ..... ..... ....-- -ii, .*..'-*.-'!'ii!..-ii..:............ ... . . . . . . . ....... @ ,%%...
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .....- ;:'*':-::::::::::::@.f I.:.:.,.:.-......,........................@...:.., .. . :*....:- --.*., ..-. ----.....- - .
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ............,::::::::: ,Sft.::: @@@@@@i@@@@@i@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@:@i@::@@;I ..:........ -........--@@.'..@@------- .-iii... ..iiii
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .1@@@@@i@ii@i@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@:i@@@@i : @:. -:Vww@@;-::::.@-:-:-;-.-s-..
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .. -:.:.@@@@@@@@@@@@@:.:.::.:...,[email protected]@[email protected] ,.-.-.-.%%-.-.-.-.-.-'..-'.-..:. .:...,..:@@@@@@@@@@@@@i@i@@@@@::@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@i@i:::@i:@:@@@@@@ ..... :..i.,.::::: ::-..:.::::::..:.--.* .. ...,
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .--.. ...... - -"1- - ..-... ..,@@@]i@@@@ii@@@@@@@@i@@@@i@[email protected] .@@@@@@@i@@i@@i@:@@@@@@@@@@@@@.. @ - -
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ..1- ..................... ........ ............. ... ... ... @ @.........................
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ----- -.-, ....
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       -.... - --- ,::,*,:,:,:,:. '"""", "',
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       -::::::::::::: ....... :::::-e-@':.*.,:::::::::::::::::......-.@.*."".","- -@::: ... ..*.. ...@...... @ ..d-.....'.V...... .....
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .. ... -.. .... .. . .... . .:- 0.1 .......-I .
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       -. ..,-**' -.-.....-...I,- ....... @: ..... ....................
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ...... ....-...., @@@@@@:@:i:@@:i@@@@@@;i@@@@@@.,.@:'. :@. ..:.. ...-.:.:.:.:.::::.: ...::::-@......
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       -........-- ----,--.. L. -
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ....... - ........... - ...---.- ...
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ........... ,............ @....... ]@@i:i@@@:@@ ?@i@:@@i@@ii@@i@:-. -.......-...
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .. ---.:::.::@. .-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-..........@.......... .. ....-il" -.------------@ ............ - .!.:@0.#.@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@-....@@@@@@@@@@@f@@@@@..,. --@ --.--@:.: ......, ...-'-.-....-- ....... ....... ... .. .""""""', ......... ..
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .::::::: :::: .. ... ft ..--.--. ......:..., : :.:::::.*:.::.,...@@........-I.-I............... I .... I .... .............-..
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .. -%,....-.-.-.-.-.-..-......@..@@..................... @.... .........::: .......on .. ,.........
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       @.....@. ......... ............. .... @---, ------..-, - - -... ----.. .* . . ....... .. ...@.... ............@@i@i@i@i@]@..
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ......... .. .................. .........,,.......... ........................
                                       - @..............@.........                                                                                                                                                                                                     :.::@ *-:.,-:-:- ...............@. ........................................ ........ .....@....,.............
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       -...::.:.:: -.:.:.:.:..... , -.: ..,..* .............. *. ] @i@:@:@:]:@:::@:@i@i@i@i@@@il:@:@:@:@@@]:....::@:@:@:ii@]@
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ............ ...... ,*i:.*-*X:::. . @....................
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       %................. -... -........%....... --..,-.*i:.*.*i i:: .,..:..,.:-.-W-1,111, -... * *..... ....'.'.'.'.....,...'........-... .. ..........."
                                       '. .. ..                                                                                                                                                                                                                        -.-.-.'.'.'.'.'.'..,[email protected] @@@@@@@@@@@@]@@@@@@@@i@@@:@@@i@i@i@:i:@:11--.., iii@i ---'-
                                       ....,                                                                                                                                                                                                                           ........ .q... :::]:@:i:i:]:@:@i@i@@@i@ij@@@i:iii:::i:@i@i @M.'. :i:::::-:::::j:]:]:@:j:j:::ji................
                                       ":..: ....... *.****,- '**'*                                                                                                                                                                                                    ....... .. @7 . .: . - ...:: '** ... ::::.....:.*..::[email protected]............. .........
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .. @@@@@@j@@ - L. :*,., ".. .. ........ ...........
                                       .. :: ..                                                                                                                                                                                                                        ..... .-.X -. ::._:...:_:.:....:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:*:.::]:j:@: @@@ ......
                                       @': -                                                                                                                                                                                                                           .. ......... i@]@@@@]@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@R]@@@@]i@@@@]@@@@@:@: .. .@ .-':.:::. ::.::.::.:... ..........,............. .... :::::::;::::.............% .....
                                       @:,: .......                                                                                                                                                                                                                    @ -................. . . . . . ... @... ... :.:.:.:::-:.:::-:::::.@:i:::i:i:i::.:.: ....:.:.:::.::i:::::::-:i:::::@j:!:@:@:]:]:i:ii::.:ii:@i:i:i:.:.:. :@-@:@@@@@i@@@:` ......... .... @X:.-,:,-::,:.-. ::: . ....
                                       .::::.                                                                                                                                                                                                                          ..-...-.-.-.% .................. .W.. .-*.:.:.:.:.:@::::::::i:i:]:i:@:j@@::: * **:.:.: ..........-'-:-::-.-.....-,.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       *'*'*" " "' """', , ,*' " - , ""'
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ..,,:. *:: '*** , "' **" ,.......... @. @@ ... :-:::::..'.'.'.' ......",
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .... :.. ..,-.., .. .:.:.......
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       I.. .....-....",.,. .-- - @; @; @ @ @.,,,. ::: :...: ...,
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .......... ....,-.-.-.-..-..:". ......... - -@i@@,.-,. .---... .. .*.::::: '.. -.... -. - ....-. @.....@...... - --v %
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ... .....-.. ..
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ..... .... @ - ..... . -.- .. -,,... ..... ............ .... @i:. ..... ::::::::, ......@.............
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ................:@ @:.:. .....,...... - *' ".'.......
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ......... . ,... ... ., .
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ..... 'I ........... . .........,;@;@ I 1*1 II*
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ... .. . *: ::::::::-.-:::.-@::.*::,..,:::.......-.....- -.-.-.-.-- AftM........... " -- ..:: ......... ".'-@i@@,:--i-. -'-.@i
                                       ... :.:.:.:.:.:.                                                                                                                                                                                                                ...:-...... ........ - ,X.. ........... ....@........:. .
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ..............I........... w@w@@i:@'.-'.-'..-.-. @;@;@.-,..
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .@i
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ..@i
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       :: . @i.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ...... -:'. ... ........,............. :: ::. -X..., -aw..."". -:. .:.. . @i. ..- .....-......- .... . .
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .... ......................... ........ . .........-...... @:j:@:@': : ...:::..::::::.::: :@:@:@:@:@:::j::@:*@.% ..... . ....... ... @ @ -.. . ................ ...........'., ... :.X-A:::::::..:: . ....
                                       ...... . @...                                                                                                                                                                                                                   ,::: : ", X@......@... .. - ".....'....... -.*..*..I.--...-..
                                       . .....                                                                                                                                                                                                                         .::::*::.:.::::::::::......... . .. .........
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ... :- .1, , *.,:::::::*: ::::.:.. ,...:.:.:.:.:.: .... :.:,.:.:.
                                       ......,%-.......                                                                                                                                                                                                                ..' .14.z
                                       ......,...,.                                                                                                                                                                                                                    -.,;@..-_-._.,-.*,*..***..@...'-*,@@..'..,'.L...:@]@[email protected]:i:i*.@@@@@@ii:.-i:-.'.--@;i .. -:
                                       .....                                                                                                                                                                                                                           .
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .
                                       ... --- ...                                                                                                                                                                                                                     . @, .--,--- ---.-..--.------.---------I -
                                       -...                                                                                                                                                                                                                            ..... ...... - .. - - -..11...: [email protected],-.... :.:.:.:.: @. ..-;-::-:::-:-: ........ . : ..: :-:: -... , ,
                                       .......'.........-                                                                                                                                                                                                              ........................
                                       ....                                                                                                                                                                                                                            .... .... . @-........ - @ @-.-.- ...... @ @.... I ...
                                       ::-:-:-- --..-..:                                                                                                                                                                                                               .......:...%..-..-.-.-.-...% ...@... %@ ................ ... .... @ -...............- ... @ ..........I..... @ ..--,.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ........................... ... @ @........ -..-..........................-,.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       . ..:- -j:j:j:j::: :-:..- -.. ,::i:::::::::::.:.%,.*..,.,.,-,-.. .......................... @-.......... ...:.:.:..::::::::..... :.,-..,::::..:-X ... '..."
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ......-.-....... :::: -@@i@ -
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ..... .. . ..... ...,:`***,@@i@@@ ......... ............ .....I................... ,. ... .. ..
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ..... ::::::::::.: ....... ... * ". - '"':.::.::.::::.:.,;:::. - .:.::'':::::.:::: , - - ... - - @i*@iii@i@iii@i@i@:@i@i@i@@@:@i@::iii@ii:i:i:]:]iii]@: ..... -.. ...........-........... @ .
                                       . .                                                                                                                                                                                                                             ". .-.. ..........-. I I. ............................:.
                                       ..: ....-....                                                                                                                                                                                                                   .....I.........@............ - ::: . .. -..@@i:@: ..... i@@@.:-:.'.--.**
                                       .                                                                                                                                                                                                                               .::::::::.:.::::@'@.:..:.:::::::--@.."."'.A @....-........... 4 ....... M.Mi@j@@;@@i]@@@@@;@@@@@@@@@l..,* "" *... .::::::::
                                       ...                                                                                                                                                                                                                             ........... - ............................-.......... .................,.... ...... :-;::]@:::!;::::@i::::,-.:.....:.:::.:;.... ':'-. -.-..:.:.:.:.:.:.:.: :-:-.-%::q:. :::::::::...
                                       .                                                                                                                                                                                                                               ...... .. ... ..... :@..::i:@::::::..-.-.-.@::.:........... ...... :....:: - --::-@:::@:j:@:@:j:j:j::.2.j* [email protected].................. .. .. :.:...'.....'-::.:.::I- ::.:::..:::;@::::::@:@:@:@:i:@@.@
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       . --
                                       -
                                       -. .                                                                                                                                                                                                                            @.......... @@*]:i:@*. .... . ..
                                       .                                                                                                                                                                                                                               ::.:.:.::: - - :....:.:.. .:I@... -....... ....-...
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       -: ":::.:.:: .::::::::::::: ........... :.:,:.: ....... I...,...,..,.......@@.................. :::::. ,::::::::::::::::::::::::
                                       ........@......                                                                                                                                                                                                                 - ::-X-:-:-::::: ...::@]@i@@i:@i:@:@:@i@:@i@. .. @@ij:j:@:@:@:@:
                                       ....,,..-............                                                                                                                                                                                                           -.............. :::.......::@ii:ii:iiii:i:@:: W@i@@@@@@i@@ .. ........ . R ::: ..:.:::::::.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       --.............
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ** "
                                       ........                                                                                                                                                                                                                        ...............,@ .:: :::::::".,.:........... ..
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .......
                                       ......, ...                                                                                                                                                                                                                     -... - --.'..141 -,.:-:@:-:.:-:-...-A ..i@ ..........'.......
                                       ......                                                                                                                                                                                                                          .........,........... @@@]@]@@@@@i@@i@@4.@@@@@@i@@@@@i@ii@ .@i@@i@@@@i@:@i@i@@@@@@@l.-I@]@@:@i:i:i: -::-:-:::::::::@:.:-' .:: :,., . .. ..,-::@
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ..,.::.,.
                                       .......,.......".......                                                                                                                                                                                                         .... @@..@..........@@Ill@]i@@@i@@i@li@@@@@@:@@ ..-,.......@... :::i:@:i::,:i-::::::,i::.:.:.:.... -:.::i:i:i:::::::::::::i:@:@:::::::: ........... -'."::::: :..::::::::::@i@@i;@:@:i:@@:i:.@i@: ........N......
                                       .W.W.-............                                                                                                                                                                                                              ,.......I..... ............-.::::::,:.:.
                                       .....@...                                                                                                                                                                                                                       -*K:.@:i:i:iii:iii:@@i* ......... ,.: ........................... ...............@ ....--:, -.'@i` X-.............q.
                                       .............                                                                                                                                                                                                                   I.......@............. -..- . ... ... [email protected]...@*' '. @@ ..-,--....... ... ...
                                       ... .. ....                                                                                                                                                                                                                     .. .. . ......... ......... ...... .. .......
                                       ....I.....-                                                                                                                                                                                                                     ..........@... .. .. -."..e.........', ,.@.@...'@,.-.,.-..-.,@,.,.".@. P-- ..-.'*:' ..--.........
                                       ....                                                                                                                                                                                                                            ---- -I--- ... ............. -@-'-w.,..
                                       .                                                                                                                                                                                                                               .:- .. ..........@....... ... -.-:..,.-...*.'-..*.,*-..,..*.@-..*I'.'.%'@ , '.*:....*-.-..,-,..-. -x.:- ..@@i@i@@@@@:@@@@@@@i@i@i@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@:@@@:@@.@@ @N:
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ........-..- ....$..... .: X *.*.,.,.-: .:.:.::
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       . -.......-................ ::::*-"**'
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ... .... ... ... . ..% -:.. ........ .
                                       ::;::::::......                                                                                                                                                                                                                 ..-...X]ii@:i@@;@@ ...... .............-...-........@[email protected]....@@:.:,.::.::]@:@@@:@@:@@@@@]@:li@@i@@@@@@@@@@@@@@i@@@@@@@@@
                                       : , , ***,                                                                                                                                                                                                                      ............ ....t...... .. ........ KO
                                       ** ....                                                                                                                                                                                                                         ......@. .. .. .....@.... EBEAW.-.@@@@@@@@]@@:i@i@]@@@@@@;@@@@@@@@@@@@@@i@@]@]@@@@@@@@@@@@@ . ....... ::::::::::::..,.."
                                       ....".......                                                                                                                                                                                                                    .............. @@]@i@@@@@@i:]:]:@:@:1:1:iiiii@@@@@@@ii@i ............ ............@... ....................................... .. ... --.............
                                       ..:. -........                                                                                                                                                                                                                  .-.......I..... -.- . - , " """' - iiiij j'!,..
                                       ...@                                                                                                                                                                                                                            .....-4.. .,....
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       *....*.... ...-
                                       .:.:.:.z ... :.:.:':.:':@                                                                                                                                                                                                       .. ..I.., .. . ... *-- '**'* ....D': ... ..... .*..I .-, '-j:@:i:::i-::::-::::::i:@:@::::,::: , *.:-:-::.,-"-
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .. ... - - *j:j:j:j:j:X: .:::::::::.:::.,: -::::::::::::::::::::,.. ........... ...
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       : ::::,..::.:*.j:j*.-.,:i.,.,:@:@:]:@:@:]:.. ::: ..-.. .-.%-. .....-......... - ]@@@@@@@@@@@@@@i@@]@@:lii@@@:i:!:i:i:: j::::@*j:j:j:::i*:.:.-... ..........,........
                                       .....,..........'.                                                                                                                                                                                                              ....:..:::i::: : :: ..... . ....... V,-,q.W@-:-:-::-: .;::.::.:.:.:.:.:.::.::::::,::::::::: ...........-..,...... ..............
                                       . .....                                                                                                                                                                                                                         ..I.................... @.-. ......................... -:! -:.:@:: .:.:.:-: .:.:.:.:@ .... .... w I.................-.- .....
                                       .............                                                                                                                                                                                                                   *..-. * :...................... ......................................................@...... .........@............... .... , ..._ .......... . .. ....-.--..
                                       .......,.............                                                                                                                                                                                                           .:..:.:,.: ..::::::!::::::::::.:".:..:.:..:.:.:,.,.- .................... .. -... ...................... - :-:-:.:-.-:-:-:-:@ .::...:.:.:.:...: .: ,@::i::*::j:j:j::*,:::,:::: ... .:.:.:.:.:.:*:*.*.,.*.,......-.... .......,...........
                                       .                                                                                                                                                                                                                               ..... -. .......:.:.x:-..... .- ..... ::.... .......... ......@..."
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       -......... .%'.'.....-....
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .-..,. , "".'.*...* .. :::::-*-@:@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@i@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@:@@l::@@@@@@@@@@@::-::::..*.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ---*........ . ....................... ............,..
                                       -. .....                                                                                                                                                                                                                        :. -.-.-...-.- ....-...... ........................... i:i*.-@:i j:@:j:@:i:i::::::.i.:::::.::]:i:i:::::::,::, -. - :::::::::::::i@i:::@i:ii::iii:iiiiiij ........ -..............,.....
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ..:::: -:.:::-.-....--. .-...... :@i,@:::]:]:I:i:@@@:@i@ii:@i@i@i@i@i@ii" -
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       - - -.::..:: `:::::: .::::::: : ::**"* . .'.'.'. , , '.,:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:: ...:. .......@...
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .. ...... .. .::::: - - .. ::::::: ::: ....". ..........-..., ............
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       -.. ... %... ..", ........-.-.-.-..-.-.-.-.-...@@....,.,.:.:.::
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       -..... --..... ................... ....:.......@..............
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ......... .... @-::-:@::::::.*-.j: ........,..... ........-.....
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .... ... ...-.............@... -.1 ... -, .... .. WiW........... .. - - X.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .... ....................... .. ... AW 2*&"M"%""- -,::
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ,.. ........ . ...... - @................... .:x'-:'-: ..:. @. ::.:.:...:.:.::.....::::i:i:@:i::::,:, -.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .%..:.:.:-.:::.:.: .......... M. .- "%'.'.'.'.'.@.'..%@.@"*%"""* .:.:.:.:.:.:.*.: .,:,:::::::::::::,:,:,::::::@:@:j**"', *... .... ::::::
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ..... :-. .. ... - @[email protected]"-,..-.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       [email protected]..... ... @:::@:j:j:::j:::jj,:, .., X. ...... .........,..... ..:::::-.,..,
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       : ::::::::::::::::::.:.:.:.:.:,:.:.:..:.:-.:..*.*.,.,.,.,. . "......,.,.,.,."::- , -............ -., - @o@ii@@]@@ii:@ ""'*"@iiw@@@@@i@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@i,:, "**,%'****""' - ... ......... :,**'@@@@@@@@i@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@]:@@]:@@@ ........,..... . .
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .... ........ . ........... ... . .. -............ ...... .X-%:@ -...
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       -......,*** ... :::::::,::::::.;.:::: ..... .... ::-
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       :::,%.:.,:::::, .:- ..:,.*.*,.*.,.,......... -.- ..- :--, ''......" .. -.-.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .. . X.......... -.... ...... -..............'... - ,............ . .... ....
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ::::..:.:@: . ..... ...-..:: .... ......... ., ......... @::*::::::. ::
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .. ... ..... ... ...@...... .......... '.. ..-:-::....... ........ :-.----::::::::::: . .... ....... -::
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       :.. ...@ .... .:. . ..................:-...........-............... *-,."* , "A -,..:.* ,::,i@:::@:@@@:@@@:@@i@@:::@:@@@i@@@i@@- - AeWi@]@:@ii@::i:ii@:@***
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       :...-........................ ... .. :::::::::Z::::::::::::...:: ..1.4. .: -1..0.0.:::::::::::::,: @- ..........-..................--................... X, ...
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .........
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .................-,...:.%..:.::::::.......- ..............ri.....-.......]:@:@:::j:: ::::::::::::::,,.,
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .............'... :::............
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .... .. ::::::::::.... ,..........
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       -.:
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .... @
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .::,..... -.:,i:i::::::::::::::. :Z::::*::::::.: - ...:::.:...:.., @... ..:....
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ..........@................................@... .... %.. .. .... @@@@@@i::i:@:@@@@@@@:@@@i@@@ii@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@": .....
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       [email protected].....@.........................................................@.....%[email protected]@.@....@[email protected] .%-.-..
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ...". -.:.:..:..,. ...-":......
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ..... %-.-.-...-.......................... ...................:.:.:....:.#:.-::::::::::::,::,:: ::*:,:::::::::::. .... ..
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ....................................................@ ........................... . ........ ... %. @Iili@@2 -TOO . .....
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ............................ ........................ ..%::;: .... ,::::'-' @.@.:.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ......... - -.......4 - -- ..': .... -....".
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       - --.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       -...... ................ -.:......:,% ...-
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .... .%'.'.'.'.'....:.:.*'*@:j:j@:::::,::.,30: :;@;@:@:@:@:@:j:@: ... ,...
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ......................%... ..............-@@.-.&@@@@@@ ....@............
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       -.@....:.............-.-.-.-.-..I .............. :X:X:::%%@@ -'**'@:@i@@@:@;@Wi ....:.:.::::.:: ..... ....
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .....-.............-"....@-....,...................._._:: ........ ........ , :@::x@x@i@:@i@i@:@ii@i:@: .. ..I."7..'..
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ..,.. ............ ...'..-.......'7`1@@@]@, ..@@@@@@@i:@@i@i:::::@:@@@:@j@@@@@@@@@::::......'-::-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-... -, 0 .............. .**::::--:-:::::::::::: :,::-:-:-:-::-: -.:.:.:.:.:::.:..:......: - - -
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       @.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ,:..::::::::: ,::*:,:.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ..... -.-.--.'.'. @.-.-.-.-...-.--:-:-:-:-:- .:L..: ... :-'-":':':':':--:-'"-:"'.:.::..'."@".
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ..... @. ................-. .': @i-'-*@i@i@.^:'A i.%-.-.-.-.-.-...'.'.'.'.'."."'."..:::::::::i:i:i::::,:"::::::..:::::: -:,@: . .... ...............: ....... . .....
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ....... - @....... "', - -.,.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       -.-.-.-.-.-......@[email protected]*:*j:::j:@i@:@A......' ..... @x*1:1*i:::::-@:@:
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       . --..:..- ...... @ .........,........]]@@i@@@]@@i@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ii@]@i@@@@@@@@i::.C i@i:@i@i@i@i@i@@@i@::ii:i:::@::::i@@i::ii@@@@@@@ @:.........-...-.-.-.%-.-.-.-.-.-.. :: -
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ... ... .... .i-.:i*:.j:::: .: @ -.: .:.:.:.i:i::..: .. ....... .. 00:@ii@@i@:@:: . . .A- .::::.::..: --: -: ....-
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       I.................: ... :.:.:.:..".:::: Z:*,:::::::::,:-A'' .......... :-...................
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .... .. ...
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .:: .X", -X.. .......:"" @@@i4 ............@.......... ....
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ::":::::: .-.-.-.:-:-:-:-:-:-:- ......... ...........-.....-............-..........- .:*::...'-.*......:::.....
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       . . .:.....:v-- .................- ...... *:*::::::::::::::..i:::@:::::@:::@:]:@:],:. ,....... K-Ow.-.........
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ... ..W................ @: ... :@i@i@i@:']@@@:@@@@@@:@@@i@@@@@@@@@@@@@l:........ ........
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ...................@.,......................%... ..-.-""'......""....... . .X:i: ,.:.: -'-' -
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       . -.....il:@@@@@@@@@i@@@@@:@i@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@i]@@:@@@;@@R@@:@i@@@@:....,........-........ .............-............:::::::::::::.:: :: ::: ......
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       -:.:.:.:..:.; ... . ....... :i::::.:,;*.-:@:-:'.':':L'.'-'.:--::::::::i:::i]::@@::i]::]]:i@@i@:@@@:i@.......
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ............. .......... ::::::@ ...... ..:.:.:.:.:.:..:::.:@::i:::@:]:]:::i.:.:.:..j
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       - .:@::::i:::i:::i:::::::i:::::::]:@:]:]:@:i@::@:::, ..:-X.: ..........
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .-.... .............,..... :.::k:::::.::@ij@@@@i@@@]i@@@@@i@@@@@@@@:@@@@@@ili:@@iii.",*"..,......:.:....:.:.:.:., .................................. i@i@iiiii@:i:@i -.....--**, -..-.,.,.,
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       *--- *"..,.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ......U.'. ::@:@i@i@]@]@:@ii@@i@w .................... " 1;4 .*.43 -* ....:-.... .
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       -*....'-..-
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ... ....
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ..... ....... - **,,*,,* -W', -.- i@@@:i:@i@i@@@i@i@@@i@i@.,:@:@:@:@i@@@@@:@.....g @]@]@:::::::::@@::::::-- @,-:::: ...... I :@... ..:.::.:...
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .. -.@..,.::@i@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@:@@@@ii@@i@@@@@@@@@@@@@@i@@ii-.:.. ........'......- - .,.. -.. ..... i*K:K*5Iw...-,... .. . .......:..:.:.:.:. .*::: ......
                                       @@@@@@@@:@@@@@@@@@@@@@@:@:@i@i@@@:@                                                                                                                                                                                             .... ........ ..... *.,...,..,@.*.*.*.:@.*..,.......@:...*..,.,.....,.23. .'. :i::::::::::..:.:...:.:.......", .......
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       -....@-:............ ,*"":,i.,.:i-.".**.*i@@@i@i@:: .... :::::::::::::.,:.::,:::::::::: ... . ... :--:.:.:.:.:.:.:.. *. ..:.*. .:.: ......
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .... Q..0-.::
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       :....Il@i@:@@@:@@@@@@@@@@@@@@i@]@@]1]1@Iiii@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@i@@ii:::,.,:..*..:.::.-..:::::..@.:]:@:::@.*:@:@:::i:i:i:]*,'@ -.:::................--........... .... ....-: ....--, .:.-.:::.:.:::I:::::::. ..... -,",
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       . -.w:@:. - -..-- .................- .........%..: :..::::::.......
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ..................... .. :::: .. ... .:.: ... ::]:j:j:j:::@$x@'A .....--........ .. . :::z@....................@................ -..::. ......
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .. ....
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ':: ........ X... X ''::,.::: ... ............................... ...... @..--.I..... .0-.. @::: ....................... @ ........ . -.......
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       , -....".".... '--:-:-:.:-:--..- ..Q .:::::: ........ @.....-..., ........ ......:.. ...........
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .. ..................... .........., .::@:ii@]ii@@@@:@@@@i:@:@:i:@@@@@i@@@@@i@:@:@:::@@@i@i;i@:...-.. .....@........ ......@....... ...........
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ........I................. -,................ . ........ .... ...
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .... ......@..........
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .............
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ...I...@........
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       . ... .....
                                       @i]@@ii:44&                                                                                                                                                                                                                     ......---......:::: - :..::::::, :,* ... ........ . ..... -.: ........... "'...'.----...
                                       .. I                                                                                                                                                                                                                            ... :::::i::.:::- -.,::,:.:::.: . ..:: ... :.:.::::....,. .-..... ..
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .......... ,..... . ............- -.""""::: .................-... .....
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .....-.:::::.:::: ::::::.*:::::::::.::.*"........... .... .............- :: @..:... ........-.........
                                       i:i@@@@@:@:i@i@:@@@i@i@i@:@:i:@@@@@                                                                                                                                                                                             :., :, -::-::,:*:":........... .. .... :.: ...................... @ .... ..............@...@............. -............:.:::.::.:..: ............,
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       : :.. ... .. : *..@
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ..::.....:1.@@@-1--,*@..-.-..-....@6moo.....,........@..............
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       . -. .....'........,..............
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ::::::::;:-...'..:..:.:.:.:.:]:@:@:@...@:::::::i:j:j:]:i:..,.,-.-'@:ti::i:,**"'%,."..,...'..,......-.*.*.'..'..'..*..'..'[email protected],.,.:.,.",@@@@@@@@@@ii@@;@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ill@@@i@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@]@@@]@]@- .... .......... :@*@i@i@- : @.Iii@:@:i:@:@i@ :.....I .. .: @... - ** ,
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ....@............. *.,.*................-........... -.-.%-.-.-.-.-.-.. ............-............. @@ ..4w..::::::::,@.11@:i:]:@:::::
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       o.... . .::::::::::.:.::::::::::::::::::::::::.::: .. ......@..................................... '@:........... .% ........ .. ..........@.............. :.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.. .......:.:.7.--: @ .X-X....................
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .::::.,:.:-,*.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.::::- ........%.........- ....... . ... ... @ @* ..... .. .. -.'.-@'.--%-'.' ..........-........@.....................
                                       @]@]@i@@...@@@:@@i@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@i@                                                                                                                                                                                            @% ', .....@..................... ...... ,......... .......I... ......... **:@:@.'.':@.'.':i.":@..':@.":@.@".@:.,.::..@::@'.'.:*::::@..,::@*@ -.-
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       X., w.,.....- -:7.,
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .'....'-*..-*:',*.,-*.,-.-. @@i@@@...i:i:@i@@@i@i@i@:@i@@@:@:@:i,::::i:i:i:@:@:i-:-:@-::i:i:i:i:i:i:i:::::::-;,*,::* . ........ . . .................
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       1% ::::.:.:.., ... ....... -'.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       '... , -*@i@i@i@@i@@@@i@ ....... E "'.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ................. -0i:i:::@,izi,::::i,i,]*::i:::i:i@:@
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .-.... -.......... ......... ..
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ..........@...... .. . ..:.....:
                                       @@@@@]i@:@@@]@@@@@@@]@@@@@@@@@i]@i@                                                                                                                                                                                             -... @@@@@@@i@i@@i@@@i@@i@@@@@@@@@@;c.@@@@@ii@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@i@ ::::@:j:]:j:j:@::-::j: j'@:j:@:j:j:::j:::j:I. ..z.: --,X:@:j:j:j:i:::: ...
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ..............,.- ......:-. @7.-. .................... ...:. ... .-::::::::
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ....... @-..-........'.......- ........ "**":;:..::::::-:.::::::,:,i:i:i:i:i.:i:::i:.::i:i:@:i:i:i:::@,..- ..... ................@.:.::@:: .:.:: .. ::::.::i:.:
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ........ ....@................................. ..:.. -....... . -.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ...... .... %..... --..... .:::;Im :: .
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ........--
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       :.:.:.:.:.:.'.@@ ......... ...... . ....... ::-:::::::i:i:i:i:i:i:@:;:@:::::@:@:j:j:@:::............ .. :::::::::::i:: j-: @: ,:::::::,.....
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       -, :].:,::::j,4
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       [email protected]. .:.:.:.:.:.:.i,i ..... .7..,.. .
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       -, .'.",:::: @ --:::"::@@...........-.-.::*::::::::::::-::: .,::..::i:.. .:;:::..:::: @.:::::::::::...:.::::::...::::!:::::::::
                                       @@@@@@@@:ii@@@:@i@@]@]@@]@@@@i@@@@i                                                                                                                                                                                             '.'.'.".%@@@@@:@@]l@@iii@@@@@@]@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@Iiii@@i@@@D..@@@@@ @@i@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@]@@]@]]@i@i@:@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@i]@:@:::i. . ...@ ....
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .. ..... ::i:@:j:j:j:@,i:i:::::,i:]:j:@:]:j:@:j:@,i:::::,@:i:::@:@@i.:.:.... :i,i:i,:::::::.::..:.::: ..........-.., .:, ...:.:.:::::.:
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ........... ,, . .......-.. .E.........................................::..: .. ......
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .-::30@,!:::i:i:@:@:i:::i::,::::::::::,:::] X. ,..
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .,.,.,..:.;C,y .::.;.. .. .......:.,.. : @ % - .'.'.'.. -
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .......@
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .... -:.....i`,--..-. .. .:.:.:.@:.:],.".:@,..*.,.*...""*.@i@i@i@:@:@ [email protected] ......
                                       @@@@@@@@:]:;@@i@@@@;@]i@@@@@@:j:@:]                                                                                                                                                                                             ::i:::i:::::i:i:i:i:::@@@:@:]:]:Ii@:@@]i@@@i@:@:@:@i@:@:@:@i@:@i@ki@i@@@@@@@@i@ @.---@i@@@gg----- ......................... %.
                                       ..........                                                                                                                                                                                                                      @. . . . . ....:.:.: ... :@ . . . . . ..-:- ::::]::i:i@:i@::::::::i. :: --- ........., ..,. --.- :""...-. ............... .... ......
                                       .                                                                                                                                                                                                                               :::@::: .. .. .............. --:...............'.... .......
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ..... .:@.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .. .. .... .. ....-- ::::::: ..... .. ........:.:..
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ..... ...... 00 ..... . -, .:.:.:. -::::::.*-.'*'.-**.*: .:.:... -.............,..-...-.-
                                       ... :.::.::::::i.                                                                                                                                                                                                               -': :@::@::@@:@iii@i@i.":::'::- -.:.:]@iii::i:i:.. . .: :.@ I
                                       i:X*i,:                                                                                                                                                                                                                         .... I--i@i@:@i@ii.":... ::.: .... ......
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .. .:::*, ...........................
                                       @-                                                                                                                                                                                                                              ..... @::::::::*:*"%, ""-''-,**"%"'*'.. .....-.... .. . ...... ,.. - ..
                                       ... ..                                                                                                                                                                                                                          --: ..... .....".... .....,
                                       ::                                                                                                                                                                                                                              .. .............. -.. ... . . .............. @..:....
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .:.......:......... ..:. ... . - ......
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .. . .
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .:- .... .. ......
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ..." ...... :::,:: -:: .:.: ...-':
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       w.................. i. X- @:.... ,.. %.........,...
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       I ......... *.M ............. ..-
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ,-I., -..z:.........
                                       .
                                       ::::.;. ,;ic"                                                                                                                                                                                                                   ..@@.:@.'@.."*.'@@@.'*'[email protected].,..-'...--.@ :..:;.:,...........*--.,..,.*.,::.@.;@.-.. -@-;-:..-;. .. :@:@:j::.........K.%..I.I.........11.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       : -, :.* .. ....... -; .... .:...... ........ ... .... I........... .. .:.:.:
                                       @::i ...@...@..........                                                                                                                                                                                                         :: - X....... ..-.::::.::::@:........:":.:::.:.-.------.......... .:."...... .............
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .........- .: . ........... ..... .... .. . .....
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .;.;...:.::.:.:",@i@***.,..,@:.'.@@@:@:@@@i X...:.w. - ::.::,.- -.......- .... ..1...... ..............:.. I .........O..........:.... s .. ... ... . ....-'.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ..........-.-, ..... .. . ..... - -, ........ ...........-...-.. ........... ...... -... .-. - I .. %..:.. . .......:.:,@
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ......@.... . ..........-
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       . .......@;@.. .@
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .....,....'....:,::: ::::::::::::: : @R.::: :.. '**,::.-. - .. .... .i:::::]:j:j:j:j:j:@:i.:.:*::::i:i:::@: ...@........... :.- ........ . .... @
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       . ........
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ............... -... .
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ....@... ... ...-... -..........-
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       @ ... -..-,,-,-,,,-,.,-,.--,-,, -1::'*',:::: - -@.:@::@...@.@.**'**,*",*",,[email protected]"'*'*'. .... .. .:,:.:.:.:.:.:.::: .:.:.:.:::-:::.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .::.,*..:: ."
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       -.. @::`.*-* ::::::: *::j:j:: .. .:Il@:]-,i:iiii@@@]]@@@@@i@@]]]]::...... .....,......., ..................... @.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       @ :, -.........:..,...,..,....,.......:.,.,.,@'.. ... ......'...... .... ..................................-.....-.., .......... ..
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       . ...................... - .:.*:,.::-.. ,. .......... ,..-..,.....,.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ............ .......:::.:::::: ... -.-.-......:.;:@:i:i:i:@:::@:j:@:::i:::::::i:@:j:j:]: ...,........- ..... .....
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .:: ......:.. .... %'@ --- W ..........X.- @@ ......... . --e., . ........... @.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       . .. ..... ....... ..M................... ..............@.............. :.:.:.:,..: .... ........
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ...-:::: ........... ::,..::::.:::::::::::::::":... ...... AM .......... ..................@............... .. .................................-.-.-.-.-..-...-
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .. . ....... .. -V .......... ::;."".*.*::::::::"* ... .......%..... -.... .......
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ... ..:.:. [email protected].............. ...... .,,","..... . . .. - %.-.:.-:.:-.--.-..:. j:w:@:@: ]@]@:@:;:@:@:@:]:@:@@@:@:@i@i@@@i@::i::@::::::::::.'.'.'.'..........................-. .
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ... -,,.--'.-.-... .......... . - - -, :.*.:.:.:
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .....@.... I%.........,..................-.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .. ... . .... .........-...-..@[email protected]... :*@:*::i::::j:j-, ...
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ..-..-.-.'::.:.:-..Z.:::.::* ":.:..:. .......,....... - " -,
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .....-......-."." .. .. .. ... * ,'" ......... .......-.-.-.-.-..-.............@ ....... ......... .. - ..
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       --:-:- ,......... ..-.... ...-..... -P ,@::" : :-:@..: -
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ....I... ::::, ..............@... ....... -......: ,,@:1:1:i::@.':i:i:'.*'.:::i:i.:..:@:.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ...........@[email protected]....... %--...... :.,: :........ .. ...............i@ii::@:::::::::i::::iii@:@:::::::::iii,:,*",
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .. .
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ........ -..., -.@@...'@................@....... --.... .::...,........-.@:.:.:.%.:.:.::.:@:.:.:.*.,-I.....-
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ......... @ @.......... - -.......... --.... ....... : ::.. ***''
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .:.:.:.:.:.:.::.,::::::::::::::::::.*- .: .. - % - .:.:.:.::--M, "**'.. , *...-.. .............'.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ....@... .. .:.:.-
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       , -::::` ,.:.:.:.,. ::.*:,.).'.:*** ".. ...'.'.'.'.'.% . ... .... . ...@... :...::-z ........... -- ......-
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       --:-:-:.:-,.'.-- ........ .....-i:.. O'
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       -.......
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .1 - -&...... :.- .....................@@@i@i@@@@@ii:i@@:]:@i@@@i@i@i@i@:@i:@:@:@[email protected]@............ ...........................I.................I* "**** ...........
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       -. ....
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ... . ........-.... :@:.g.@@@i*..*i@i@ji@@@...@:@@::@:@:::i::@@@@@:@@i@@:@@@@@@@:@: .1 ....'.."-........., . .
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       . ....:" ..... ---*... .. .***"' "
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ........... ......@......... -.... -... .............. ... ......
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       -......... %..... ..... - *: -........ -.-.-.-.-.-.-.-@[email protected].'.'.'.'......,........ ..... ...-..... ....... ........ ....... ", *... - , -....
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       -........-... ...........-@.......... ..... "'** - *.... .... * *................ ......... .......-
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ........................... ... .. ,........V.....", *:. .. "'*"**" , --, ,*, - ....:: I.,.-
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .. .......... . . . ......I.....-**** ... ...*... * -.- ......:.o.:@ ...
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .. % ...... ..... :. ...........@.... ...... - . .......... .......-........ , -...*--
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ... :,..".,* ....-I. ............@[email protected]
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .,
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ... .................. .@@@]@@@:@]@@@@@@@@@@@@:@i@]@i@@@@@@@i@i@@@@@@k@i@@@@@i@@@@[email protected].:.-,%-*:::::::-"-............ - "' "@i@i ....'.................. .... .... ..............
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .........@..... .... .......@
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ,,,......... @ . [email protected] -.........::.. @. ......... '*'**""**,*,-,-,*,""*,,**"'"",,,-:: : ,::: ,,,, ,,, ----i@i@iii@i I_._..........., . ...............
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .. @.... ......
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       x:::::::::::::::. ....%...: . .......-
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .:.: ... ,......................................................
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ... - @:; --...--...: .........
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ................................... ...- ......... --......, ,.. -- .. ..-.,-,.*.,.,.,., ,
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ... ..... ..... - -......-....-
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .......... .. ....... "'... . ....:. ....... - - ..........-.......... ...-...... :--.... ., . -.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       -...-.-.-. ........ .......... ...... :::::*i::!:. .. ..
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       --- ....... ........ ;... ...- ........ . -..X...:,.. ...-..... .,-. ....'............ . -......... ..
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       @.............@....... @:..:.,:..:.:..:..:.:::-.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       :::::.-.`.X' ..
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       --.... --...... .... @Q. i@:.: ::@:: ... .... @:@:@X. x.......... ................- ..........-...-... @% ............ ... ....... ..
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       :.-@. ... .... ... ...... ...... .. .:: .... ......x...... LL.-................ ..... .:.:..: ....@-.... . ..
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .-....., :, ....@.....@@
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       . .. ::.::-::::::.:::::::::@:@:@:@.:@ .... ::::-:w::: ... .:'......:*i@: ......... .....,.......
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       1". :@ 1xi:i* .., '.::-::::::::::,::@::- ---. .. ... ... ........::,@,.:::.:.:.*..:::::::::::::."* ... - -.**:-:---....
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .... :::.....-.-.:::::*.-'..*... -.i:i:.*-.,::ii@.....:i.-.iiii*.-'.* -...--. .,:j:::::-:-:-:.:.:.:.:.:..
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       -%......... ............@... -.. .'..., - @ I. I--- . ...... ............. .-.-.-....:.-..@:.:.:.:.:.:.::.:
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       . ...:::: .:.:.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       -... - , ***'*" - 47 .. [email protected].........."
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       1.1.1-*.,-,.,.* * - ". .1-1.1-1 .I. - - .I.I.....I
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ......... .-.. -........ --
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .- ......... ...-.. - - - - - ....'..- - - - - - - ..- ..
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .. - ............- - -.L....... -.......... ...-..
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       -..... :..... .. ....]--.... j i., .-' .-: i i @, ..-..-.-.-...:.:.:.: ::.... ..............- ..-L....-...-. - -......... -....--. --@....... : :-.......... , -..-.-.: ......... ...
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .:..:..U.@.]xi:i* iji:@,, ... ... ...... %.. ...,.. .. ........ .. ..... - -- .. .. ..... M.-...-.... ''::, ......... .... ........... ..
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .:.:.:.: ....@...... ... . .-.,....,--....
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ...................... .... I.- .. - ...,...-.....'....' - -- ': ........@......
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ...
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ... [email protected]:i* ..........
                                       M

























                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       -......@..... .... - ;::::::::::::::::@::::::::::::::: ... . .. ........................I.%X ,,.........
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       :.:.... ..................- ..... . . . ...... :... :::: .::::::;:::.: ....,....:::%* ... .. . ...: ..........@...@
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ...-.-.%-.-.-.-.-....................@ :.::,.-: ::**.,:"": ....... .. :- -..%-.- .::::::::::::,..::.....:.:.::::::::::::::.....@ ... . .. ::::. . .
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       . ...... .-.-,
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .........w........ ..... :.::-.:.*- .......... . .:-:-:.:.:@
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ."... ...... ........ .. ... ...... M"", """,
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ........ ...
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       .... - ......... - - - ..... - - -........ -.. .... -
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ...- .... .. . .-... -..:.-................ ....@........ ... . ..... ....... .... ... ..... ..... ,**;@ ... .. ** .... ..,..............
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       -.- .....--..... .. ...........
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ::: :, @ I ... .,;, 'I,..-,.,.,.,.,.,.,..... ...... ...... . ..... ....... .. -
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       [email protected][email protected]...........................::: .*.::::::: ... -.. ... . -...-.-.-%-;, ... @M -@.... %.--`.,,.,,-w . . .... -.-.-.-.---. @.. - ... .. ..... .... ... . . .......
                                       .... Y.-.............. ........................                                                                                                                                                                                 ..... ;..,..;:;::::::@:::;:::;:;:;:;@:::.:.:*:.- '-:_.:,
                                       I, ... ,,:.: . .. . ....... .                                                                                                                                                                                                   . -......-.-..-.-..-,.....,...
                                       @@
                                       @
                                       @
                                       @@
                                       @                                                                                                                                                                                                                               -.
                                       , 11,





                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       South Alabama Regional Planning Commission 75





                   dty                Comprehensive Plan                                                                                                            Transpodapion

                        Ps c -D cb


                   Location of Accidents

                   Shown in Table 29 are the locations where accidents occurred which represent not less than 5 percent the total number of
                   accidents in the City in 1994.


                                                                           .......                            ......
                                                                                                                    Summary
                                                                      .............
                                                                         ............
                                                   ................... .
                                                                         ...........                          .....

                                                                                                                    Major Arterial             Alabama Hwy.           182 is the only
                                                                      ..............
                                                                         ............
                                                                      .................
                                                                                                                                                                                          Its
                                                                                                                              arterial and travels along the beach.
                                                               .................................                    major
                                       ...... . . . . .                                   ......
                                                                                                                            ty meets the current and future demand.
                                           .......                                                                  capaci
                                                                      . ..... ...`                                                                                                -density
                                                                  ...........
                                                                                                                         sideration of limiting any type of high
                                                                   ..........
                                            .....                     .....
                                                                                                                    Con
                                          ......                   .........
                                          ..... ....                                                      .. .... .
                                             ...                   ......                                           residential development may be a factor which helps
                     ...                   . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
                                                              ...................
                                          ..........           ..................
                                                                                                       ..................
                                                                                                       ...........  ......
                                                                                                                                       on network, particularly Alabama Hwy.
                               ..........                                                                  ............ the transportati
                                                                                                                     02                              ate
                                                                ... .. .............
                                                                      ..........
                                                                   ................        ..                 .....
                                      "d
                                                                                                                                                          at a desirable LOS.
                                MVC@'-  ... .. 4@4 ...
                                               ......       .....
                                                                                                                    10     to continue to oper
                        ..........
                     ......................
                                    @b -0


                                . ....... ...                       ................
                                                                      . .....                                                                Alabama Hwy. 161, the sole north
                                                                                                                    Minor Arterial
                                                               ... . XXX....
                                                                                                                    s
                                                                                                                        th minor arterial, provides primary access to the
                                                                                                                     ou
                                                                                     ...............                            ial, residential and public land uses. The
                                                                                    .................. .
                                                                                      ................ .
                                                                                                                    commerc
                                                                                                          .............
                                                                                    ...................
                                                                                    ...................
                                                                                       .............            ...
                                                                                    ..... .............
                                                                                         ........ ....
                                                                                     .. ..... .   . ... . . ..      LOS A along this roadway could der-fine to LOS B if
                                                                                          .... .. ......... . .
                                                                                     ..............
                                                                                                           .... ......
                                                                                                ..... I ... ..I
                                                                                               ............ .1.1.1__1,........-
                                                                                                          --        more development occurs.

                   The location selected for the additional,,.north-south access will impact the transportation network, reducing traffic on parallel
                   north-south routes and also possibly reducing traffic on Alabama Hwy. 180. It also will improve accessibility within Orange
                   Beach and could promote more commercial development, if zoning conforms. The difficulty with providing an additional
                   north-south access in the likelihood that the location would be in the Gulf State Park. This area is highly sensitive and a
                   valuable natural and environmental resource.






                  76                                                  South Alabama Regional Planning Commission





           dty.           Comprehensive Plan                                                                          Transportation
           V@ar),_qc_
               Pleacb


          Collector Streets - Alabama Hwy. 180 is a collector street serving both Orange Beach and Gulf Shores. East of Alabama
          Hwy. 161 it serves as the sole route extending to Bear Point and the northern peninsula of Orange Beach, abutting various types
          of residential land uses. West of Alabama Hwy. 161, it serves as the main northern street of Orange Beach and is primary
          access for commercial land use, connecting up to Alabama Hwy. 59. With future development, it is anticipated that the present
          LOS A for both segments will decline to a LOS B for the western segment of Alabama Hwy. 180.

          Local Streets - Local streets serve residential areas and vary in condition from paved, adequately lit and well-drained to
          unpaved, unlit and lacking drainage ditches. The construction and paving of unpaved roadways and corresponding drainage
          improvements is the primary need of Orange Beach's local streets.

          Sidewalks - Presently, the City's Subdivision Regulations address standards and conditions if sidewalks are installed.

          Bike Paths - There are currently no provisions for bike paths in the subdivision regulations. Alabama Hwy. 182 has a bike
          path in Gulf Shores, which ends at the corporate limits of Orange Beach.

          Future Transportation Network - The future transportation network can be seen in Figure 8.

          With Orange Beach continuing to be an ever-increasing resort destination, transportation deficiencies will continue to plague
          the City. Armed with this determination the City has chosen to emphasize DESTINATION. Therefore, all improvements to
          the transportation network will promote a pedestrian-oriented lifestyle, while lessening dependency on the automobile. The
          following recommendations are designed to accomplish this.

          Recommendations


              Convert segments of Alabama Hwy. 182, the main tourist area!s arterial thoroughfare, to an aesthetically-improved,
              collector-level boulevard. (This will also aid in establishing a Town Center.) The converted portion will span a distance
              beginning at the western edge of the City to its intersection with Alabama Hwy. 161, at which point the improved portion
              will generally follow Alabama Hwy. 161 to a point perpendicular to the center of City Hall. Improvements will encompass
              a median, on-street parking, tree-lined sidewalks and reduced speed limits.


                                                South Alabama Regional Planning Commission                                             77





                                              'ar                                                                   Transportation
                of         Comprehensive PI i
             -aty                   h





                Use highway right-of-way, of 180 east of 161 to install bike paths and landscaping adjacent to, but separate from, the
                pavement to facilitate bike and pedestrian traffic from this neighborhood to Alabama Hwy. 161 (the Town Center).

                The area located west of Alabama Hwy. 161, south of Wolf Bay and north of the State Park to the west corporate linlits
                is the least developed of all the areas in Orange Beach. This area should be developed using classic Traditional
                Neighborhood Design. The streets should be developed using grid patterns and limiting the use of cul-de-sacs. Each
                development is intended to connect with future or existing adjacent developments.

            ï¿½   Develop a multi-modal transportation master plan which includes non-motorized transportation.

            ï¿½   Minimize ingress/egress points along Alabama Hwy. 182.

            ï¿½   Coordinate with the City of Gulf Shores in the development of bike and pedestrian routes along Alabama Hwy. 182.

            ï¿½   Consider bike paths in all improvement projects to major roads.

            ï¿½   Establish land use controls that require sidewalks with any street improvement.

            ï¿½   Coordinate with the State and other transportation authorities (i.e., County, other municipalities) in the development of an
                additional north-south transportation corridor and evacuation route from Orange Beach.

            ï¿½   Develop a local transportation improvement program which includes pavement and drainage improvements.

            ï¿½   Replace street lights to pedestrian-scale street lights and install additional street lights as needed.

            ï¿½   Develop a sidewalk master plan as a component of the transportation improvement program.





            78                                   South Alabama Regional Planning Commission





           lityllf,      Comprehensive Plan                                                                      Transpoftdon


                c a cb


             Coordinate with the State regarding through access from the State Park to the Orange Beach Post Office by way of Cat
             Man Road.


             Coordinate with the state for north-south access through the State Park.

             Reclassify portions of Alabama Hwy. 182 and 161 from Major Arterial and Minor Arterial, respectively, to Collector as
             shown on the Future Transportation Map.

         ï¿½   Coordinate with the State Highway Department to:

                   Lower the speed limit to 35 mph on Alabama Hwy. 182 from the west corporate limits to its intersection with
                   Alabama Hwy. 61, continuing north along Hwy. 61 to the Town Center as described in this document.
                   Provide on-street parking
                   Provide a median
                   Provide sidewalks
                   Provide pedestrian crosswalks with lighted signals

         ï¿½   Provide for bike trails located within the right-of-way, but separate from the highway pavement.

         ï¿½   Require pedestrian-sized walkways and landscaping that encourages pedestrian mobility.

         ï¿½   Design a master street plan of the Northwest Orange Beach Neighborhood. Special attention should be given to the
             valuable resource designation on the Future Land Use Map.









                                              South Alabama Regional Planning Commission                                         79








                                                                                                        n
                     Comprehensive Plan









                                      THIS pAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK.






























          80                           South Alabama Regional Planning Commission







                                                                                                                        FIGURE 8
                                                                                                 FUTURE TRANSPORTATION NETWORK
                                                                                                                   ORANGE BEACH
                                                                                                                             2010
                                                                                       GENERAL LOCATION
                                                                                        OF mobux REACH
                                                                                        ALTERNATE ROUTE


                                                                                                                            GENERAL LOCATION                                                     4(4
                                                                                                                                  or lot
                                                                                                                             ALTERNATE ROUTE





                                                                                            rim=-
                                                                                                                                                                 Li,
                                                                                                                                                                                   On
                                                                                                                                                                                    l"fiffa


                                                                                                                                                                                        TER" COME
                                                         it






                                            1A



                                                                                                                                                           TTON BAYOU
                                                                                                                                                                     "Ju.
                                                                                           LAM                                                             It
                          OLV STATE PAW






                                                                                                        A   it


              SHELBY Lmms



                                                                                                                         GULF OF MEXICO
                                                                                                                                               vil





            city,@I       Comprehensive Plan                                                                  TO ansponaltio.

















            page 2 of figure 8
















            82                                South Alabama Regional Planning Commission





                 cay oil,                 Comprehensive Plan                                                                                                                  Community Facilities and Services
                 V_r'Er')9C1
                        B


                                                                                CONMUNITY FACILITIES AND SERVICES




                                                                                ........... ... ....................                                .................................
                                                                                .............             .............
                                                                                ................          .......                                                                                .......
                                                                                                                     ....... ......
                                                                                . ............                   ..................                      ..................   X_
                                                                                                                                                                              ..... .            ........ ....
                                                                                                          --il,      -10          A.                "i"'
                                                                                                                                                  -h                                             ....... .....
                                                                                                                                                      Q
                                                                                                          -e. IN ess                              ..........................  %......
                                                                                .................. ....................... ............................                       .........          .......
                                                                                                                 ff
                                                                                ...............
                                                                                IQ
                                                                                gL                        ht,b
                                                                                . ... ...................................................i  .......
                                                                                ..........................................................  ........                          .......            ... ........
                                                                                ..............            .............................................
                                                                                ........ .........        .....  ........         ..........
                                                                                .......                   ............ %.............."...". ......                           ..............................
                                                                                ................. .......... %.. .......... .... ..
                                          . .. . ... ..... ..                   .......                   ................ .......... %.                                      . ................................
                                          ........                              I................................    ........................
                                          .......                               . .............                                   .......                                                        .......
                                          .........                             .................. ....... ............           ........
                                                                                .......................... ............. .. ..................  ..........                    .... ..
                                          .........................                                       ............... .... ...... ................
                                                                                ........ .... .....                                                                                              ...........-...
                                                                                                                                                                                                 ................
                                                                                ....... .....                                                                                                    ......
                                                                                ..................                                          T       . . ..                                       ...... *'...........
                                          ..........................
                                          ........................ .                                                                                                                             .........
                                                                                X.,                                                                                                              .......
                                                                                .... ............ .       .... .                             .... I ..................                           ......
                                          .........................
                                          ........                              .... .. .
                                          ..............                        ........ ... ....
                                                                                .........                        1.6
                                                                                .......... ....................................:... . .....
                                                                                ................. .............                              . i, ............. ..                               ...................
                                                                                                          .....x                            ........................
                                                                                ....................                                        .......... .
                                                                                                                                             .....................................               .......
                                                                                ........................                                                .....................                    .........
                                                                                .....                     ... .................. ......... .........  ...........                                ..............
                                                                                                                     ...................... . .............
                                                                                ..........                                                                                                       ................
                                          .................................................               . .... .
                                                                                ..........I........       ........... ...................

                                                                                .. ........
                                                                                ....... .....             'W"
                                          .........................                                                                                                                              .......
                                                                                                                                                                              .....................
                                          .............                         .. . ........
                                          .........................................                       ...        .....                                                    ....
                                                                                ........ ......... ........................................
                                                                                ........... .................... . . . . ...........                                          ...........................
                                          .................                                                          ....                                                     . .............
                                                                                                          ...... ..........                                                   ............
                                                                                .. ......                 ...... ......... ....                                               ........
                                                                                                          . . ..... . . . . . . . . . . . ............... . . .               ..................
                                                                                   .... ...........                                                                                              .......
                                                                                ............ ....... ......... ................................ ........... .
                                          ..................................                              ... ........                                                        ...
                                                                                                                                                                              ...........        ......
                                                                                ...... ......... .......  ............ ..............................                                            ......... ......
                                          .................                     ........                                                                                      .......            ..................
                                                                                ...... . ........ .......                                                                                        .... . ...
                                                                                _xx                                                                                           ........
                                                                                ..........
                                                                                .............                                                                                 Ig
                                                                                .............
                                                                                .......-............ ........
                                          ..............                        .......
                                          .............
                                                                                                                                                                              im ,....................
                                          .................
                                                                                                          :*:,:,:*:*:*0
                                                                                ......................... ..............I.............
                                                                                                                                                                                                 ...........................
                                                                                ........... ... ............... ........ .......... . .....                                   .......................
                                                                                                          . ....................... ..................                        ... .. ................ .......
                                                                                ...                       .............
                                                                                ..... .....               ......... ...                                                                          ... ........
                                                                                                                                                                              ... ........       ................
                                                                                                          . ..... ....
                                                                                ......... ...
                                                                                                                                                                                                 ............
                                          ......................                                                                                                                                 ........
                                                                                                          o-w....                                                                                .........................
                                          .........................
                                          . . ........ .                        :.... ... . .Q.th.W41W    .Wi Ir.
                                          ...................                   . ....... ................ .........
                                          ...............................                                        .........                                                    ....... ...... :,x.: ..............
                                          .........................             ................          ........ ........                                                   .........          ...............
                                          .... .. .........                     .......... ....... . ....................... .........                                        .................... .......
                                          .......................                 ............................... ................ ....                                       . ...... .....     ............
                                                                                . .......... ........................... .. .....................................-........    .................. ...
                                                                                ............. .. ......   ... ......                                                                             ......................
                                          . ........                            ... ......... ..........                                                                      .............
                                                                                ..........                . ..............                                                    . ...... . .. ............. . . .....
                                                                                                          .......... ... . ....... ......                                     ...... ..... ......... ..... -'.............__
                                                                                                                                                                              ..........................................
                                                                                                                                                                              ............... . . . . . . . . . . ............. ........ .. ... .
                                                                                ....                      ........ .....          . ....                                      ...........
                                                                                ........                                          .....                                       .................
                                          .......                               ... ........              . .. .                                                                                 d
                                                                                ax.                       .. ... .
                                                                                ...........
                                                                                . .... ................
                                                                                                          q                                                                                      an. .. open;
                                                                                  ..................                                   ........................... .          . ...... .....
                                                                                ...................... .............. ........ ................................................ .:.:.....        . ......... . ..........
                                          ..........                            .....                                             . ...... .... .....                                            ......... .............
                                                                                .......... ............                                                                                          ......... .. .....
                                                                                . .....................          .......... ..    ........ ....
                                                                                                                                  . ...... ......
                                          ...................................
                                                                                ........... ....
                                                                                ........... .....
                                                                                                                                                CNIM                                             na.
                                                                                                                                                                                                 an: 6f:,
                                                                                                          -lot                                                                                   I
                                          ...............                       ......                    .......... ..................... ........ . .... . . ....... . . ...... . .. . .       ............ .
                                                                                                          ...........%..................... .............  ....... W- ........ ....... ...... ......... ........
                                                                                                                                  ........... .....
                                                                                                                                     . . ........                             ................   .... ......................
                                                                                                                                                                                                 . .........
                                                                                                                                                                              .... . ....
                                                                                                          ............................................. ......
                                                                                                                                                                              ............       .......
                                                                                                                                                                              ...............................................
                                          .. . . . ........
                                          .................................     .........                                                                                                        .........
                                                                                . . . .......             X                                                                   ...................................... .........
                                                                                ...................................
                                          ... .......                           .. . ............ ...........                         .. ........................             .... .... ..................................I. . . . . .......
                                                                                                                                                                              .... .......       ......
                                                                                                          Ne:..      . ....... .............
                                          ..........................................
                                          .......... .                          .-.. ...                  - 'd:":': 0"",                                                                         .....................
                                          ...............                       ..........
                                                                                . .... .... ..............
                                                                                ................. ... . .. .                      ......
                                                                                ..............................                            .-.... . .........................  ..............
                                                                                                          ..........              ......................... . .. ............%.: ... ................... ................
                                                                                  .. .......              ............... ....    ........ ............. ........... ........
                                                                                .............. ...... ................ ----'-.....'.'- ...................... ..........      ............. ...........
                                          ............                          .......... ---- ...... .................... .... ...... ....... ................... ...... ............. ......
                                                                                                                 ...............  ................ ..................
                                          .........................             ............ ...... ...... ...   .....I.........I........I..... ..... ........... .... ..................... .............. ........ ............................. ...
                                          .......                               _-_ . _.- ...................        .. . ..... . ...... ... .
                                          ...........                           ..%........... .................... -- ........-...... .................................................................. ......... .... ......
                                                                                                                 ...............................                              ............................................ ..............................
                                                                                ...............................




                Police Protection


                Inventory and Analysis

                The Police Department is administered by a Chief who is responsible to the City Administrator. Funds for the department are
                budgeted annually by the City Council on the basis of estimates prepared by the Chief and police staff. The Police DeparUnent
                operated with a $850,901.80 budget for FY 1994 and is operating with a budget of $875,167.00 for FY 1995. Municipal court
                revenues for 1994 were $211,691.21 and the 1995 revenues to date (February 22, 1995) were $23,041.02.

                Current Police Department personnel include 15 full-time sworn officers, 2 part-time sworn officers, 10 reserve (non-sworn)
                volunteer officers, one secretary, four dispatchers and one animal control officer.




                                                                                South Alabama Regional Planning Commission                                                                                             83






                                      Comipehensive Plan                                                                            Community Fai
                      


                  The estimated 1992 year-round population for Orange Beach is 2,424. The average
                  population, including seasonal, for 1994 was 9,778, with a peak seasonal population                                                                                                                                                          
                  of 13,388. The City is in keeping with the national norm of 2.1 officers per 1,000
                  population. The need for additional department personnel should be reviewed                                                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                            
                  annually to ensure compliance with the national norm.


                                                                                                                                             
                  Table 30 illustrates the Police Department's activities for the year 1994.

                                                                                                
                  The Police Department has 8 marked patrol units and 4 unit. The average              
                                                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                             
                  miles on the marked patrol units is 80,000 (for 5 units which are 1992 models) and
                                                                                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                                          
                  28,500 (for 3 units which are 1993 models). The marked units are in satisfactory

                                                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                        
                  condition. Most of the 1992 models will need to be replaced starting in FY 1996.                                                        
                                                                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                         
                  The unmarked 				                                                                               
                                                                                                                                                   
                                       vehicles are in satisfactory condition at the present time. It is th                                  
                                                                                                                                         

                                                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                         
                  policy of the department to replace these vehicles with patrol fleet vehicles having                                    
                                                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                                   
                  high mileage.                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                        
                  range. The system provides police, EMS and fire dispatch as well as dispatch for the
                  State Marine Police stationed in Orange Beach. The 155 MHZ band is crowded
                  nationwide, and this hinders the City's communication ability. There are several dead
                                                                                                                                                          
                  spots within the City where radio communication is nearly impossible. The
                                                                                                                                         
                  equipment is old and repairs are frequently needed. Radio and telephone traffic is                                     
                  recorded using a Dictaphone system. This system is approximately eight years old
                                                                                                                                           
                  and also needs frequent repairs. This system is operating at maximum capacity.
                                                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                        

                                                                                                                                        
                  The Police Department's phone system is adequate with enough incoming and
                                                                                                                                                 
                  outgoing lines and two dedicated 911 lines.
                                                                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                                          
                  The computer system is new and fulfills the department's current needs.
                                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                         



                  84                                                 South Alabama Regional Planning Commission
 




                          Comprehensive Plan                                                    Community Facilities and Services
           A06
          .SE@_ 19G
               8 cach



          The Police Department building, built in 1988, was designed to house a minimaUy-sized department. The offices are small
          and crowded. The jail space is filled to capacity most of the time. The City of Orange Beach does not respond to calls outside
          of the corporate limits. By law, the City is able to exercise a police jurisdiction extending 1.5 miles beyond the City limits.
          There is currently some question about the exact location of the City's police jurisdiction.

          Fire Protection


          Facilities and Personnel


          The City of Orange Beach has-five fire houses. Currently, there are 26 volunteer fire fighters and 12 paid fire fighters. Seven
          of the paid fire fighters are M-time, with 5 fire fighters being part-time. Part-time fire fighters work when the ful.1-time
          personnel are on vacation, sick leave, or off. They are also caUed upon for extra personnel to man extra equipment on busy
          holidays. Table 31 gives an inventory of the stations and equipment.

          Station #1 has two paid personnel per day. The fire chiefs's office is located here, along with the -inspectors office. The rest
          of the stations are volunteer stations and are not manned fuR time.
















                                                South Alabama Regional Planning Commission                                              85






                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   Commun-*-- 17acim"Wes and
                                                                   Comprehensive Plan                                                                                                                                                                                        UY


                                         B each






                                                                                                                                                                                                       ...................... ......


                                                                                                                                                                                                           ..................

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    ..........



                                                          .......... ...


                                                                                                                                                                                        -----------






                                                                                                                     .............
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      R      --- ----
                                                                                                                                                                                                                           ............
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                MUM                   ......
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      4115                            ......                ..H:
                                                     . .........                                                                                                                                                                                                                 .......
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          N..
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              .. ....... ....
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                .........           ......


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   .......          .. ..
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             *I., X..
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    .. .......... . . I.I..I-..-,..k--
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         ...........
                                                                                                                                                                                                            M                wag"'.1     . .....
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             Jt
                                                                                                                                                                                                            i 1-i: Mj:: i
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   .............

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    .................
                                                                                                                                                                               . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    ... .................
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 .....                ............. ................. .........
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                iï¿½: Ui.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             Vacte
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            -----------
                                                  . .....                                                                                              Rd
                                                                                                                         .......... .....        ....
                                                                                                                      .............

                                                                                                                           ......... ...


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  ...             ..............
                                                                                                                                                               ......                                    .............   .......  kXII'.-'.I.-X-:-c::Ix;I;@
                                                                                                                                                                             ........................
                                                                                                                                      M
                                                                                                                                                                                                                 . ... . .. .......... ... ........
                                                                                                                                              %"." . . . . . . . . . . .....
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      cram
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    - -----------------
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      ....... .........
                                                                                                                                                                          . . . . . . . . . .
                                                                                                                           . ....... ..... .....
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    M
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             @fxl
                                                                                                                                                     .... ........
                                                                                                                                                 . .. .......
                                                                                                                                                                                                                           .............                            ..........      ........ .
                                                                                                                                                           . . . . . . . . . .


                                                                                                                                     ......... .......


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             ."%",  .... ...........










                            86                                                                                              South Alabama Regional Planning Commission



 ==== = M = ==-= = = M = = = M = M

           diy@',        Comprehensive Plan                                                     Community Facifities and Services
           ARML
          M@6-2'9c' -
               beach.


         Performance


         During fiscal year 1993-1994, the Orange Beach Fire Department was called upon 936 times. Fire losses were estimated at
         $500,000. Table 32 shows Fire Department activities for the last 10 years.

         The Fire Department takes fire calls and EMS calls in Orange Beach and on Ono Island. Response time to the scene of a fire
         using only duty personnel (the Department has 2 paid personnel working each shift) is estimated to be 3 to 5 minutes.
         Volunteers are paged for each fire call and their response time extends from to 13 to 15 minutes. Based on requirements of
         OSHA and NFPA, personnel are not allowed to enter a house fire with less than 4 fire fighters. This results in waiting for
         volunteer personnel to arrive before combating a fire. During the past year, two or more calls at the same time occurred 6
         times. Of the 118 calls between May 3, 1993 and February 1995 in which the ladder truck was needed, it was only able to
         respond to 59 calls. This left 59 calls not responded to due to lack of personnel. The same situation results when there are
         two or more EMS calls. Personnel is limited to respond to only one call.

         Figure 9 shows existing station locations, except the station located on Ono Island, and proposed needed station locations by
         the year 2005.

         The City has a mutual aid agreement with the City of Gulf Shores and Innerarity Point, Florida. Should a fire occur in any
         of these communities and overwhelm that area's fire suppression resources, the other communities will provide assistance. The
         effectiveness of this agreement may be diluted in the event of out-of-town forces being diverted to their own local emergency.

         Fire Rating

         The City possesses a class seven fire rating. The fire rating is tied to certain performance standards and criteria, such as the
         number and placement of fire hydrants, number and manning of fire houses, and number and type of apparatus, public alarm
         systems, etc.





                                                South Alabama Regional Planning Commission                                              87






                                 Comprehensive Plan                                                              Community Facilities and Services
               P-r -all) 91, r I
                     acach


                                                                                  TABLE 32


                                                              TEN-YEAR FIRE DEPARTMENT ACTIVITY
                                                                        CITY OF ORANGE BEACH
                                                                             FY 1984 - FY 1994





                                                                            .....      ... .
                                                                                                                                 ......... .



                 FIRE CALLS                                      17       58        51     46           64       87      116      104         206          282

                 RESCUE                                          66     139        221      259       349       363      281      369         483          628

                                                                                                                                               11           10
                 HAZARDOUS CONDITIONS                                                                                                           9            6
                 GOODINTENT                                                                                                                     5           10
                 FALSE CALLS

                 TOTAL FIRE CALLS                                83      197       272      305       413       450      397      473         714          936

                                                                                                                                          200,000     500,000
                 DOLLAR LOSS

                 FIRE INjUPdES -          Civilian                0.      0          0        0          0         0        0
                                     -   Firefighter              0       0          0        0          0         0 1     0

                                                                                                                                     1          0            1
               rFli@ FATALITIES            Civilian                                                                                  0 1        0   1        0
                                          Firefighter


               Source: orange Beach Fire Department

                   until mid-i992, the Fire Department was WmPletelY volunteer and records were limitett




               88                                          South Alabama Regional Planning Commission










                                                                                                                                        FIGURE 9
                                                                                                                                  FIRE STATIONS
                                                                                                                                  ORANGE BEACH
                                                                                                                                             1995










                                                                                                         zoo


                                                                                                                                                                                                            Tin   rl I I,
                                                                                                                                        -'LL-J.


                                                                                                                                                4,                                                                 67



                                                                                                                                                                                I'm BAYOU

                                                                                                                                                                           if, II
                          GULF STATE PARK                                                                                             .0. do



                                                                                         lae                                                                                                               CURRSNT LOCATIONS
                                                                                       A
                                              0,',-                 LAKES                I                               III
                                                                                                                                                                                                           PROPOSSI) LOCATIONS


                                                                           Ile
                                                                          v
            SHELBY LAKES




                                                                                                                                        GULF OF MEXICO





           city Of      Comprehensive Plan                                            Community FactIfides and Se rvices-

               B
















           2nd page - fire station














           90                                South Alabama Regional Planning Commission





Comprehensive Plan							Community Facilities and Services



Schools

The residents of Orange Beach are served by the Baldwin County Board of Education. All students residing in Orange Beach
and forced to seed educational attainment outside the corporate limits of Orange Beach. Very young children travel from
Orange Beach to Gulf Shores for grades K-8th grade. In
1993, the number of children in grades K-5 traveling to Gulf
Shores or Foley was 146. Currently that number is 174, an 8.4		Table 33
Percent increase in 2 years.							DISSAGGREGATE POPULTION PROJECTION*
												CITY OF ORANGE BEACH
Listed in Table 33 are disaggregate population projections for
school-age children in Orange Beach from 1990-2020					1990		2000		2010		2020
Recently a site for an elementary school has been acquired
with construction to be completed in late 1996. The new		Elementary	91		99		122		148
school will have a capacity for 500 students in grades K-5.		(5-9 yrs.)	4.0		3.6		3.4		3.3

Library										Middle	81		88		108		128
											(10-14 yrs)	3.6		3.2		3.0		2.8
The City of Orange Beach adopted an ordinance creating the 
City Library of February 3, 1992. It was recently moved from	Jr/Sr High	111		132		166		198
its location in the City Hall Complex to the building recently	(15-19 yrs)	4.9		4.8		4.6		4.4
vacatied by the City Post Office which is adjacent to City Hall.	
											Source: South Alavama Regional Planning Commission, 1994
The library is open 48 hours a week and is staffed by 1 full	
time and 2 part-time employees, which equal 2.6 full-time
employees. Between the three staff members, there are three
bachelor's degrees, two master's degrees and one master's
degree in progress. The government and supervision of the 
City Library is vested in the Library Board.

South Alabama Regional Planning Commission										91




                                                                                                       Community Facilities and Services
                             comprehensive Han
              ffi'r_K)'n'9C.
                   B each


              The Library has 11,000 volumes with the 1994 annual circulation in 1994 of 23,044. In February 1995, the library had 2,170
              patrons. The number of people visiting the library per week during peak season (December I through March 30) is estimated
              to be 1,200. The number of people visiting the library per week during the off-season is estimated at 450. The materials
              budget for FY 1994-1995 is $22,000.

              Listed below is the current 1996 situation, cur-rent need and the projected need of the library.

                            Volumes        Shelving Capacity:                                               8,000
                                           Needed in Next 5 Years:                                         30,000
                                           Needed in Next 10 Years:                                        50,000
                                           Volumes in 1994:                                                 8,755
                                           Projected for next 5 years:                                     25,000

                            Staff          Current                                       2.6 Full-time employees
                                           Needed in next 5 years:                       4.0 Full-time employees

                            People visiting the library per week, peak season:                              1,200
                            People visiting the library per week, not peak season:                             450
                            Reference questions answered in 1994:                                           6,254
                            Reference questions answered in 1993:                                           1,721
                            Current square footage:                                                         3,500
                            Currently needed:                                                               6,000
                            Needed in 5 years:                                                             15,000
                            Needed in 10 years:                                                            25,000

              It should be noted here that the expected move to the post office building did not provide the needed space necessary for the
              library. The library suffers from a unique dilemma. Funds are available for needed materials (i.e., additional volumes and
              equipment), but the space needed to accommodate these improvements is limited. Therefore, improvements may or may not
              occur due to space limitations.



                                                     South Alabama Regional Planning Commission





                          Comprehensive Plan                                                     Community Facilities and Services





          Services Provided by the UbLar3@

          Books                                                  State and Income Tax Forms and Brochures
          Books on Tape                                          Reading Discussion Group
          Large Print Books                                      Children's Summer Story Houf
          Videotapes                                             Children's Summer Reading Program
          Magazines and Newspapers                               Photocopying
          Reference Services                                     Access to Dialog Online Service
          Interlibrary Loan Service                              Bulletin Board for Community Announcements
          Word Processing Workstation                            Readers' Advisory Services
          Computerized Card Catalog                              Community Information and Referral File
          Magazine Give & Take Box                               Display Point for Local Artists' Work
          Multi-Media Encyclopedia on CD-ROM                     Full-Text Magazine and Newspaper Articles on CD-ROM
          National Telephone Directories on CD-ROM               Downloadable Computer Programs (Freeware & Shareware) on CD-ROM

          The City's Library Board has developed goals"to be achieved by the year 2000. They are:

               Goal 1:    Provide materials and services to meet the informational needs of area residents and visitors.
               Goal 2:    Provide materials and services to meet educational needs.
               Goal 3:    Provide materials for recreational use.
               Goal 4:    Meet special needs of our community.
               Goal 5:    Create and maintain progressive library environment.









                                                South Alabama Regional Planning Commission                                             93





                                                                                                                           C@nmmunjtv
                city Vj           Comprehensive Plan                                                                                        Faviffidev and Serpices


                     Beach


                Recreation

                The purpose of this section is to assess current opportunities and to analyze future needs to enhance the system of recreation
                and open space. Table 34 shows the City-owned recreational facilities available to the population..



                                                                                                                                                      ....... . . . . .
                                                                                                                                 . . . . ......
                                                                                                                  . . ....       .... .    ................. ...... . .
                                                                                                                                      ..................... .....



                                                                                                                                      .............
                                                                                                                                 ......... ..                 ......
                                                                                                                  ....           ....                   ....
                                                                                                                                                        .....................
                                                                                                                                                        .... ...............
                                                                                                                                                              ..............
                                                                                                                  ....           ..................     ...... .......
                                                                                                                  ...                                    . ..... .....
                                                                . ..........                                                                            ...............
                                                                ...........
                                                                     . ................
                                                         . .............
                                                        .......... ................
                                                          ......................... ......                                                            .... ... ..............
                                                                                                                                                 0"if
                                                                                                                                      ............
                                                                                                                                      M
                                                                                                                                                      d:
                               .. ...... ..              .....


                                                                                                                                                        .............
                                                                                                                                                            ..........
                                                          ........................                                                            . . ..... .........
                                                                                                                                                      .............. .... .


                                                                                                                                      ....... . ..... .... ................................ ..
                                                          .. ............                                                                 .. ................... ................................ .....
                                                          ............                                            ......                              ........


                                                                                                                                      Ca..              .. . ...... ......
                                                                                                                     .......... . . . .....        ...... . .....  ...................
                                                                                                                     ....... . ..                  . . . ...............
                                                                                                                                                               ..........

                                                                                                                            ..........
                                                          ....... . ....                                                      ............... ... ........... .......
                                                                                                                                      MIA
                                                                                                      . . . . . . . . . . . . .
                                                                                                          . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

                                                                                                                                      .....           .. .......
                                                                                                                                                      . ..............
                                                                                                       .00-             ....     .... . ..

                           .....                                                                                  ... .....
                                                                                                                  ..............
                                                                                                                                      ...............
                                     . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                                                                  ........... ......
                                                                                       ...             .........

                                                                            .. .. ..                               ....
                                                                                                                                      ..........................
                                                                                                        W
                                                                                                                                         ... ......              ...
                                                                                                                                      ................ .............
                                                                            Ea. Tan                                                             ........
                           ......                                           ......
                                                                            .... ...............

                                                                                                            ... .......               .... .......
                                                                             ............
                                                                                                            . ........
                           .....                            ....             .......

                                                                                                        .......................
                                                                                       ......... ...... ....... ........ " .:.:" " "',
                                                                                                            . ............
                                                                             .............
                                                                            ................. ......
                                                                                      ..............
                           .....                          ......                        ......
                                                                              .... ......... .....          ......               ......
                                                                                        . ...........        .... ..
                                                         ..................
                                                                                                                  "7 7-                 . . .. . . .. . . . .
                                                                                          . . . . . . . . . . .


                Also available to the residents of Orange Beach are the numerous bayous for water sports and Gulf State park for recreational
                purposes.




                AA
                :;I@                                            South Alabama Regional Planning Commission





                         Comprehensive Plan                                                   Community Facitilies and Services

              B each



         It is important that recreation facilities be easily accessible to residents, equally distributed throughout the City, and provide
         adequate access. The City should monitor needs of special groups, especially the elderly. The City owns a parcel containing
         588 acres. The City should evaluate the need for a regional park using part of these 588 acres.

         Recommendations:


         0      Evaluate and provide new communication system/equipment for the police and fire department.

         0      Provide additional fire stations to service the entire City.

         0      Coordinate with the Baldwin County School Board and provide a public school in Orange Beach for K through 8th
                grade.

         0      Evaluate space needs of the library and provide plans to accommodate current and projected population.

         0     Acquire beachfront property.

         0     Develop a study to assess the recreational needs of the residents.

         0     Acquire boat ramps for public use (possibly Harrison Park).

               Coordinate with the state and open access from Gulf Shores for non-motorized traffic from the State Park to the Orange
               Beach Post Office. Locate fitness stations along the accessway.

               Develop portion of City-owned 588 acres for Regional Park.






                                               South Alabama Regional Planning Commission                                           95






                                                                            Community Faritkies and Services
          dty@f      Comprehensive Plan
          AM&
          qq!@ @D-qc-











                                       THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFr BLANK.




























          96                           South Alabama Regional Planning Commission




             City of            Comprehensive Plan                                                                                                            Utilities




                                                                                  UTILITIES






                                         .................... .............
                       ............ .......... ......

                                                                                  . ... .                                              ............
                                                                                                                                  . ............
                                                                                   ..........
                                                                                                                   -.16 69"Kh               -to.          t 91-
                                                                                              d,     A
                                                                                                                                           M.WX
                                                                                                                       10ft
                                                                                                                                                       . . . . . .......
                                                                                                                                                        ...... ......
                                                                                                                                            . . . ... ...
                                                                                                                              ...........                      X
                                                                                                                                                    .. . ........
                                                                                                                                        ......... .......................
                                                                                                                                        ..........
                                                                 ................
                                ..............                ............. *-  ..............
                                ............... .................  ................                                                         ......
                                                              ...       ... ................
                                                                                                                                        .......... . ..........  .............
                       .................... ........... .               ... ... .... .                                                  ............
                                                              ... .. ..... ..
                                ..... .. ...-.......
                       .X.X..  ...... .........
                                                                                                                                                      ............
                                                                          . . .. ........                           ....................... w@ ... $0
                       ............ ................ ...                                                                               .... .. .
                                 X               . .. .....                   ......

                                ..................................            ..........                                                         ... ...............
                                I I ........ ......:....I....           @:                                                                      :-% . ....
                                                                    --- -- -                                                                      xx.
                       ..........                             . ...... i::Iii:i -
                       .............. ....................... . ........... ........... ......                                    .. . ... ..... ..I...........
                                         ..........    . .    ..., .... -::,@                                              ..........
                                ................... ...................... ... ........ .. 'Win
                                         ............ ............-                 .....X.
                                         ...................... ................ ...
                                ...........      ............ . .                                                          ................
                                ................... ........            3    X
                                                                                                                                              -':,Xv
                                                                            --e- -1 .         A7                           X.
                                ... ....... .................
                                                                            ...................        .............
                                         ............................ ................I...... .................
                                         ..........I.......... ............. .......  X.:,:.:.:.: ......... *--:-:::-- --..:
                                            .......................... -- .......... ....... .........                                          ............  .........
                                                   .. ...................  ...............               ..........
                                                                                                                                           ..........
                                                                                                         ..... xax.
                                                                                                                                  ...............   ......
                          .... . ............. ....... ......
                                ................ .........    .............                            . ......                           ......... ......  .....
                                         ........... .......... ......        ......
                                         ............. .. ......                                        ............              .............I...         ..
                                                                                                  ......... . ........
                                                                                                                                   - ..........
                       ........... ............. ............-.........                                 ........
                       ..............................         ....... .. ....... .....            .....
                                ...............I.................. ......... .. . ...........             ......            ...... .....
                                            X                                                                                                         ............. .....
                                                                                                                            ..............
                       .......... .. ................                                                                                              . ..............
                       ............. ........ ........ .. ..... ..   ..............t
                                                       . . ......
                                                                               a, 0
                                                              ......... .                                      . . . . . .
                                ................ ............ ...... .....
                                                                                                                                                 ..X
                                                                                                                                            ...........
                                ............-............................ ...........                                           ....... ...... ......
                                         ........... ...... .                                                                                 ........
                                                       . ....... . ......
                                .............. .................. . ........ . ... ... ..... .......... ..... .. ....               ............... .............





            Water


            Service Area


            Water and fire protection service is supplied to approximately 23,000 Residential Customers and 100 Non Residential
            Customers through the Orange Beach Water, Sewer & Fire Protection Authority. Recently Ono Island's service area and
            facilities have been incorporated into Orange Beach's, adding 600 new users to the system. Only 2.5 percent of the housing
            units in Orange Beach had individual drilled wells and 0.1 percent were served with water from some other source. Existing
                                                                                                                                                                          C7
            water lines are shown in Figure 10.





                                                              South Alabama Regional Planning Commission                                                                 97





                           Connprehensive Rky?                                                                                   Utilities




            Distribution Sys

            There are three elevated tanks and one stand pipe storage facility in Orange Beach and one 250,000 elevated tank on Ono
            Island, having a total storage capacity of 2.65 million gallons. Five wells provide the potable 4,304,000 gallons per day water
            source and its treatment, consisting of C12, fluoride, lime, zinc and orthophosphate, occurs at each well. Generally, 1.426
            millions of gallons are used daily, with peak daily usage totaling 1.856 million gallons. The usage is well below the total
            system! s capacity. The systeids average pressure is 60 psi with 42 psi being the low.

            Future Improvements

            Future improvements will be to improve the pressure throughout the system, to meet future growth and provide adequate fire
            protection.

            Sanitary Sewer

            The City until recently did not own, operate or maintain any wastewater treatment facilities, nor did it have control over any
            sewerage system. Island Bay Utilities, Inc., a private company headquartered in Gulf Shores, had a non-exclusive franchise
            for wastewater collection within the City's corporate limits. The City of Orange Beach recently purchased the Island Bay
            facility. The City of Orange Beach Water Reclamation System operates the combination gravity and pressure sewer system
            within the City. The treatment consists of modified activated sludge-final filtration and UV disinfection. It has an existing
            capacity of 1.6 MGD and an existing demand of .01 - 2.2 MGD, at peak flow rate. The treatment facility is located adjacent
            to Alabama Highway 180.

            Effluent disposal is into the Intracoastal Canal. No problems were cited in the Bladwin County Waste Water Treatment
            Planning Report Survey. As population grows, the facility has adequate land for expansion. Last summer the City experienced
            serious deficiencies regarding the sanitary sewer peak flow rate. The City currently has an agreement with Gulf Shores to pump
            excess sewage from Orange Beach to the Fort Morgan Sewage Plant.





            98                                     South Alabama Regional Planning Commission



 mmm M M MM M M.= = == = = = mmm
           dl@rvf        Comprehensive Plan                                                                                    Utilities
           Aft



         The sewer system has 12 miles of gravity mains and 60 miles of force mains, totaling 72 miles of lines. Mains range in size
         from 6 inches to 12 inches; force mains are 8 to 12 inches typically. There are 24 pumping stations. Existing sewer lines are
         shown in Figure 10.

         Connection to the newly-acquired collections system is not mandatory by City residents. The Baldwin County Health
         Department continues to certify the installation of septic tanks within the City. With 4,300 service connections, the system
         serves approximately 1,462 customers including 400 non-residential users. In 1990, the U.S. Census reported that 60.2 percent
         of the total housing units were utilizing public sewer, 39.5 percent utilized a septic tank or cesspool and 0.3 percent disposed
         of sewage by other means.

         Future IMprovements

         Improvement plans for the system were recently developed and approved by the City Council.

         They are as follows:

         ï¿½    Upgrade the planfs capacity from 1.2 million gallons per day tp 1.5 million gallons per day.

         ï¿½    Add an additional tank at a later date.


         ï¿½    Build a plant capable of handling 3 million gallons a day, and later a tank that can hold 3 million gallons a day.

         ï¿½    Apply $400,000 to upgrade mechanical and electrical equipment.

         Gas System

         The City has signed a franchise agreement with Clark Mobil Gas to provide natural gas service to its residents. Construction
         of the gas lines will occur when 1,000 customers have committed to this service.




                                                South Alabama Regiond Planning Commission                                              99





                                                                                                  Utilities
         ci@( vi     Comprehrenturv PL"n
          AdIlL















                                      THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFr BLANK.





























                                      South Alabama Regional Planning Commission
         I V














                                                                ......  .........























                                                                                                                                       Ad

























                                                                                                       OF MEXICO



  M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M
   dq of comprehensive Plan      Utilities
   kr-dn) 9 ell
    B car-b




   page 2 of figure 10





























   102       South Alabama Regional Planning Commission



 MIMM M M M M                                                                                                                M M M
            dqvf          Comprehensive Plan                                                                                    Utilities
            10"V&
            1W @119c'
                Beach



            Drainage

            Drainage in this envirom-nentally-sensitive City is a critical issue. The natural drainage has been impacted by development of
            street, residential and commercial activities. To compensate for the interruption of the natural flow, man-made drainage ditches
            have been installed.

            The terrain varies from thirty-foot-high drylands to coastal marshlands and tidal flats. Hydric soils, which support the plant
            and animal life of wetlands, abound and these provide natural drainage. The shorelines are prone to erosion and marshlands
            and wetlands are prone to silting and disruption from adjacent development. Bear Point is the primary area for drainage
            problems. The City recently completed an extensive street and drainage improvement project in this area. The West Perdido
            Avenue area also experiences drainage problems.

            Existing Conditions

            At the present time, the City does not have an overall drainage or stormwater master plan. Drainage projects are usually
            associated with subdivisions, shopping centers or road projects.

            Projects are recommended by the Public Works Department on an annual basis. Other projects are determined by the City
            Council on an as-needed basis.

            Currently, the majority of State, County and City roads, as well as the newer residential and commercial developments, have
            drainage control facilities. However, other areas of the City are lacking adequate drainage.









                                                 South Alabama Regional Planning Commission                                             103



               @ M M M--M M M M = M M                                                                                         = = M
            dl@lvf         Comprehensive Plan                                                                                Utilities
            V'r I ErN IC_



            Solid Waste Management

            Solid Waste Disposal

            The City of Orange Beach does not have a mandatory ordinance for solid waste disposal, but rather residences are serve on
            an individual basis. Franchise agreements exist between the City and two independent contractors (BFl and Waste
            Management), enabling the resdents to subscribe to whichever company they choose. Also, they may opt for neither. The
            City does pick up yard trash.

            Table 35 indicates the estimated solid waste generated by Baldwin County and its municipalities for the year 2010.

            Disposal Facilities

            The Magnolia Sanitary Landfill is the only sanitary landfill in Baldwin County and was opened in 1972. In 1980, operational
            plans were required and were revised in 1984. Under Alabama Department of Environmental Management' s (ADEM)
            regulation, the operational plan is still current and acceptable practices are followed.

            Hazardous Waste


            Hazardous waste is monitored by ADEM. All households are exempt from ADEM regulation. Businesses are responsible for
            their own waste and should contact ADEM if there is any question as to whether or not the business may be generating
            hazardous waste. ADEM will then make a determination if hazardous waste is being generated.

            Recycling

            As part of the solid waste. disposal -service with BFI or Waste Management, curb@*., co-mingle recycling is included.





            104                                  South Alabama Regional Planning Commission



MMM M MM M                                                                                                                                                                                                 MMM M M
                d@y of                                                                                                                                                                                     Comprehensive Plan Utilities





                                                                                                                                                                                                           ....... . . .... ..................... ...
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ...... ....... .............
                                                                                                                                                                                                           . ........ ........... ...................... ...................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .... ......
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ....... .............................................. . .. . ....... ...
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ......... ........ ........ . .............
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .... ......
                                                                                                                                                                                                           X %.. .- @ , * *-- ... -'' ...........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ... ..... .......
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ...... ................................ ............ .. ........... ........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ............ ....... . ..... ... .......
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ..........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ............. -- ...... ........ ........ . .. ...
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .............
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ........... ......... .............. . ........... .... ................ ..................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ........................ ............... ......
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ............ ................w...... ................. ...... . ........ .........I.... .....
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ..... .. ........-......................... .................................... ............... ....... ......... .... ............
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ..................-................... .............. ................. .........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ...............
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ........ ........................... -------- . ....... ........... ........ ........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ......................... .. ......... ....... ..... ..... ..... ..... .....
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ..... .... ........ . ........... .
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ......... . .. . ......... ............... ...... ........ ...... ................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           . . ....... . ......... . ......... ...... .............. . ........... ...........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ............ ........ ...... ... ... ... . . ..... ... ..... w. ... . ................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ............ .............. ......... .........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ........................... . .. ......
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ........... .... ..... .......
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ..... ..... ... ...... .......
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ....................... ........ ......... ........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ......... ... ......... ...............................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ............................. ... ........ .......
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ..............
                                                                                                                                                                                                           X... .....
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ....... . . .
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ENMAT
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .......................... ..............................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .......-...... ............ .........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ...........................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           . ...... ........ ....... so
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ...... ... ... .. .... .. ......................................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .......................... ........ ...... .... ....
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .................... ............ ... .... .... ........... %.
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ...... . . . ........ ...... ....... . . ....... .......
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .......... . .. ......
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ...... ..............
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .......................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           . ...................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .. .......... . . . .
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ... ...... ..... . ................... .........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ..................... ....... ...
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ...... ... ... ...... UTMS"*...::::::::::@:::::::@::.:::::::::::::::::::::::::::
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ...........I...... . .......
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ...................... .................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ....... ...... ....... ........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ........ ................... ... ....... ................ .. .. ........ ................................. .... .... ....-
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .... --- ....:......... .......... ........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ....... ... .......... ............. ... .................... .:. -.-I..., ...........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ................. .... ................... ................... ..................... .... ..... ..... .. ....
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .......................... ........ ...... ... ... .. ..................... ............... ........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .......... ...... .. .....-
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ..................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .................. ....... ........................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ...... ......... .............................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .. .. ......................... .................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ................ ...... ........................ ........... ......................... ........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .................................. ................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           -....a........ ........... .
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .................. -- ........ ..... .... :2010 ...........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ....... ........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ....................................... ...... ...........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ................................. .................... .........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ............. .... ............ ............... . .... ........ ..................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ..........-.. ................................................................................ ...... .............................. . .... ......
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ........... . ..... ..... .......-............... ..... .................................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ............... .. ............................ .... ...-w w
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .. ............ .......
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ....................... .......... .......
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ....................... .... ................. .............................. ................ ... ................... ... .... .... .........................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ................ ........ 2..:...... ........ . ... ... ..
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ..................... ......... ...... ..
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .... ... .... ........... ...... ...... ..... .......... .................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ............... ........ .. .. ..... ....... ........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ......................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ...................... ........ .........I..............-................ ...........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ............. ......-..... ..........................-...... ........... ................................. ...... ..........-...............
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ..... ........ . ............. ......... . . . . . . .
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ....................... ......................... W.-.-. ........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ........ .. ....... . ......................... ..... ........ ... ..........................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ........ ... .. ...
                                                                                                                                                                                                           -- ....... -.- ........ ... ...... ..... ... ....... %...........,........@..@...........@@..........@ ................... ................. .. ..... . ........ ............
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ............. ........ ...... ..........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ............................ ......... ........... ....... ......
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ....... .. .... .......................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ............... - .... ......
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ......... ............... .. ..... .. .... ............. ..... .
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ............. ........ ......... .. ........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ... ..... ......... ............ ............... ..........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ..................... -.:.: ... :.%:@: .... ........ ............. . ........ .. ................ ........ ........ ... ................... ....
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ........-...-............... .... .................... ....... .......... ................ . .....
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ................ ............. .. ................ ................... 31 ............ ...................I
                                                                                                                                                                                                           . .. .. .. ............ .......................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ... . ... ............ ....... ...............
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ...
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ........................ ... ...........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .... ..............
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ................................ . .
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ............-.... ..............
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ........ ...... ........ xxxx. w:
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ............I....... SO&
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .......... ..... ....... -- ..... ......... ........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ........ ....... . ... ...M......
                                                                                                                                                                                                           M
                                                                                                                                                                                                           -.... ... :.%.:.:.:.:.::.:.: . .... ... ... ......
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ............... ...... .......... ......... ...........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ....... ....... . ..................... ... ............ .. .......
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ...................-............ ....... .................... ..... ...................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ..........-.... .............................. ....... . ........ . ............... ... ....... a....... -- ,. - :::::*: . . . .. ....... .............................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ....................................................................... .. .............. .... . ...... .
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .........................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ..............
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ........ .................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ........ .. .. ............................ .. .--.I ..
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ................ .........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ................ .........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           . . .. ..............
                                                                                                                                                                                                           D.U.Im 0--n,
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ............ .......
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ... .......;...... .......
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .........................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ...................... ..... .. ............................. ...... .................................. ................................ ............
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ............. .. . ... .......... .............. *..*.*.*.'.*.*.*.*.*.. ...........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .......................................... ........ ....... ....... ..... ....
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ............. ................ ........ . .. . ...... ................ ............. .... ................................... . .... .
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ... : : - : -:::;" ..............
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ...... ....... ...... ....... ... ......... ....... X, ............................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ............................................ ..... . ......... -- .............
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ....................X
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ....................................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .......... . ... ..................... ............ ...... ........ .... ...
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ...... ........ ........ ........ ........ :,., *,**:::::.:. ..
                                                                                                                                                                                                           . ........ ........ ......... xx@
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ..........................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ................. ........... ....... ... ......... .... .. ......
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .......... ....... ..... ..... ........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ............... ..... . ... . ........ .............. ...... ..........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ........................ ...... ... ........... . ...................... .
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ..... ..................... .......................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .... .......
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ......... ... . . ... ... .........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           . ....... .............M
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ........... ............. . . .... ........ ......... ..........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ..... ........ ........... ..................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           a............ .............. .... ................... .................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .............
                                                                                                                                                                                                           13M
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .................... ......... . . ...... .
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ........... .......

                                                                                                                                                                                                           ......... ............
                                                                                                                                                                                                           . .. . ....... ................ . ........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .... ............. .. . .... ............ ......... ............ ............. ...... ...........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ................ ........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ............
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ............ .............. .......... ............ ...... ....... .............
                                                                                                                                                                                                           . . ....... ........ . ............................. X@
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ........... . ....... .................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ......... ....... . .........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .
                                                                                                                                                                                                           Ph . . .......... ...9 ......
                                                                                                                                                                                                           . .... .... .... ....................... ... ........ . .......
                                                                                                                                                                                                           . ......... ......................................................... ... ...................... .......... ... ....... . . ...........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           . . . ........ . . .......... .. . ..w
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ....................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ..... .......
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ............................... ...... ...........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .w.
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .P.-A
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ... X.- ............ ................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ......... ....... .................:.....
                                                                                                                                                                                                           - - - - - - - - .. @ -........ :::. - ".- ........... .. . ........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .... .............. ... ............
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ..... .... .........-........ fit
                                                                                                                                                                                                           . ............ ........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           X
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .............. ...... ....
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ........X.::: , ,...................... . ......... ... . .....
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ............... .................................. ....... ......... .....
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ....................................... ........................................ ........ . ......
                                                                                                                                                                                                           wj ....................... .......... .......... .. .. ... ......
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ..... .......... .................................................... . ............ -- ..........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .............. . ..... ................ ... ............-........... ...................... .......... ........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ............
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .... . ....... .............
                                                                                                                                                                                                           M. ............. .........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ................:......... ..........-... ......... ...... ............ ......................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ... ......... ........ .......
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ..........-........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ... ............ ..... ... .. ....... ...
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ............... ....... ........ ........ .......... 6::::::::::.- ..
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ........ ............ ..............................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ............. .. ........................... ................... ....... ....... ...... ..................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ....................... . ....... ............. ...... ....... .......
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ..............................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ................. . ....... i:." .........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           . .. ........ ....... . ....
                                                                                                                                                                                                           . .......... .............. . ............
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ........... ....... ................................... ........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ...............
                                                                                                                                                                                                           . . ........ . . . ..... *...*@...*******'*.:.:::,::::::.:.:@..:.:.:.
                                                                                                                                                                                                           X......... ........ .......... .......-.......
                                                                                                                                                                                                           . . . .... .... ..
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .... . . ..... .....................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           . ...................... ....... .......
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ... . .. ................ ... .:..
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .................................. ........ ..... ............. . ... . ... ... ..... .... .... .. ... . ................. .. .
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ................................... .............
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ... ..... . . .
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .:.*.::.:.,::::.,:.::.:.:.:.:.::::.:.::.:::.::::.-- .,:: *.... ........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ..................... .. .......................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ........... .........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ................... ................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ............ ....... ........ ........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ... .......
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ... .... ............. ..... ........ ...... ......
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ........... ............. ........ ................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .................... .........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .................................. ....................................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           X.. ........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ... .. . . ........................... ... . ........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ............ -, .............. ........ ;x:: . . ..... ... .....
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .......... 81.
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ......................... .... .........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .............
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .................. .... ............ ......... .... X., ........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .............
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ....... ........ ..... ....... ........ ...... .. ..........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .. ........ .. . .... ..... ....................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .... ......-...... ........ . . . . . . . ..... ................. .............
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ... ... ........ .. ... ....... ...... ....... ........... ............
                                                                                                                                                                                                           . . . ..... ..
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .... . .............. ........... ..................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ..... .... ........ .......
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .. ............... ....... . ............. .... . .... .. .....
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ..........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           . . . . . . . . .. ..........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ....................... ................. ........... . ......... ........... ......... :i:i::i . ............. ..... -.3 ........ ..............
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ............. ..,% .......
                                                                                                                                                                                                           . .................................... ............
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ............................... ................................ ....................... .................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .... ........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ............. ......... .... ...
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .............................................. ................. ........ ........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ............................... .............. ... ......................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ............. ..........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           . .. ...... .................................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .................. .... 18 . ..... ..9 .....
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ................ ............ ...... . ..........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .............. ... ........ ... ..... .... .............. ................... ......................................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .............................................. ...........I................ . ......%........ .. .. , ,.............
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ............................................ .....................................................I...................................... . ...... ....... ...
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ...... ........ :::::w.::ww:xw: ..::: ........ .....................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .......... .......................... .. .....
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ........ ................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ................. . ....... .................. .. ....
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .... ........... .. .......
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ............ .......-
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ............................ .........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ...............
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ......... XI"*:::::::::` ..... t4iii-3
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ...... ... ....... ........................................ .. .... ...... .. .. ......
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .......... ......... .... ........ . . ...........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ................ . . ....... ... . .....
                                                                                                                                                                                                           . . ........ ...... . ... .... .. ....... ..........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ................-...
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ............-............................... .. ..............
                                                                                                                                                                                                           . ......... .
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ............. ......................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           . ......... ..........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ........... ....... ........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ... ............. %-.-.-.-.-.-.-.--.-.-...-.-..-..............-....
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ... .........I.................... . ..................................... .......
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ......................................................... .................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .... ........ .. ......... ....... ....... ........ ....... ........ .
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ........... ............... -::::, ............... .........................................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .................................... ......... ...............................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .. ............ .................. ......
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ..........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .............. ................. ............. . .. . ....
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .............................. .. ......... -. ........ . ... . .. ....... .. ..... ......... ........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ..........9
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ............. ...... .
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ................I. .......
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ..............

                                                                                                                                                                                                           .......................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ..:SH*"ft . .................. ....I:A.5:::
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ................. .......... ...... ....
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ........ ... ..... ...... ...... ....................%....................... . ....... ........ ............................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ..................... ...........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           . . . .. .... .. ........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ................-
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ..............
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ........ . .......
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ...*.. ... ......... ................. .......
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .............. ............ ............................. ............. .......................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ............ ...... . . . ...M. ... .. .. .. .........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ............... ......... M.
                                                                                                                                                                                                           w. .......... ...... .... ........ .
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .......... .... ...................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           i-@----NIAN: ..............................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .......................... ..... .......
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ::x:@:,X: ... ............................ .........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ..........-.......... ..................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ................... .. ........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ..............
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ...............
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ........... . ..... ...........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .......... ....... .... ..
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ............................. ......... X. ............
                                                                                                                                                                                                           :, ::.*..:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.::- M@: ... ... .. ................d
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .. .................................... ....... ... ......
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ................ ........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           M.W. a............. ..... ....
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ..... 2.1, ............-.... .............
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ................................... ......
                                                                                                                                                                                                           :. .......... ......
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ...... ... ......... .... ........ . ....................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .................................%.............. ........... ........ . . . .. .......... .. . ........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .................. ........... . .............................................. ...... ................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ............................ .. ....... .... ... ....... ........................... ........ ...... ..........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ....................... .................... ..........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ......................... ... ...................... .......... ....
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ................... ..........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           X. ............ ::::: ..................... ...............
                                                                                                                                                                                                           . . . . ......... . . .......... ........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .............................. ......... ... ....... .. ....
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ...........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ii.
                                                                                                                                                                                                           9.:: ....... --.46 ......... ........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           M
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ................................. . .......... .........................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ..... --- .... ...... ........... ............ ....
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ......... ..
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ................................. .. .......
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .......... .. ..................... ............ .....................I....................... ....................................... . ................-............... .............. .......
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ............................................ .......-........... .. ... .. ............... ................. ........ . .. .... ........ ......
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .............. .. .................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .......... ............. .. .......................... .........I............... .......
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ................................ ..... ... ......... :.:: . ............. .
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .......... ........................... ........ ................... .. ..... ... .................. .. .. ............................................. ................... ..... .. . . . . ..... .....
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ........................... ............ .. --- .............. ....... . ...... ..... .....-....%................a
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ........ .... ............. .................... ....... ..... : -.......... ....... ...... .... ..... ......
                                                                                                                                                                                                           . ..................... ....... ...... .... ..
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .................. . ....... ....... ........ .......... ......... . .... ....
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ............................... .......................I.. ..... .. .... ................ ............ ............. ............... .......
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ......................... ............. ... ....
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ................ ... .. ............. .......
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ........................................... ................................................................ ........ .... ... .................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ..... ........................ .......... ..........I.............. . ..
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ... .. .................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .............. .3
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ..................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ............ ...... ...... ....... ....... ......
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .......................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ..............
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ........ ...... .. ..... . .........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           9..... .M il ... ....
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ...................................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ...................... .... .................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ........... ......................... ".70iiiiiiIiiiiiiiiii" 3 -56:
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ......... ...... .. ....... .......
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .. ............................... . ................ ................... %..% ....... ..... ................................... ..........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ..................................:.....................................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ....................... ................................... ...................... .. ........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .............. ...... ..... . .............. . ........................................ ................... . .... ... .... .... .. ............ .......... ... .........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ......... ............. ............................%..................... ....... .........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ............. .......... ................. ........ ................... .. ..... . . . .......
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ..... ...... . ............
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .. ........................................................... .................................. ... . ...... .... ........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .... ..... .................. ................... ...... ....... .... ...............
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .................................................. %- ... ..
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .......... ............................ ............ ... X.-
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ..........%................................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ........... ................................................... .....
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ... ............... .............. .... .... ......................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           -.- .......................... ................ ..............................%................... ................... ....... .......................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           X.. ....... ... . ....... .. ...................................................... ................................. ............... . .....
                                                                                                                                                                                                           . ............................ ......
                                                                                                                                                                                                           r. -.:XX
                                                                                                                                                                                                           . . . . . . . . . . .4e
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .. @. . AM
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ............ ......... . . ..... ...... .. ........ .... ... ... .......... ...................................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ............. .......
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ........... ...
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ......................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .......... .%...:: . *. .... :.:.:. ...
                                                                                                                                                                                                           . ................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           . . . .................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ...... . ............ ............
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ...... ....-It ............................N
                                                                                                                                                                                                           'MW: . . .... . ... C"
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ;6@i' haw:
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .......................... .. . .................... ...... ......
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ................... . ..... ...................... . ......
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .................... .. ..... . . ...:
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .......... ...... ......... ....
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .......... ...... ......... , :::: :.:::: -* .. .......
                                                                                                                                                                                                           . .......... ................................ .................................... ...
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .......................................................................... .............I...............
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ............ ............................. ............. ..........................................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ................... ....... ............... ........ ... ...
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .......... ...... . ... ........... ........ . ... .....................................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ..............................-....
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ... . .. .............. .................. ...........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .......... . . .........%.. ....... ..... .......
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ...........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ......... ........ ........ ......I.........-
                                                                                                                                                                                                           . ...... ... .. .I.........%.............. ....... ............... ....................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ..................%......................................... .......... ................................ ..............
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ... .... ... ......... . . ........................... %......%.........,......, ............................ .
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ................. .......
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ............... .....
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .................%................................................ ........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .......................................................................... .....................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ......... .....................................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ......... . ........................... .....-
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .. ........... ..... .. ..... ....... ....
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ...............
                                                                                                                                                                                                           . . . . . .............
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ...... .............. ...... ...... ..
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .... .................. ...... ...... . . . ..
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ........ ........ ........ ... ...
                                                                                                                                                                                                           SO 4: ..............................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ........:............ . .i::: ................. . .
                                                                                                                                                                                                           . ........ ........ ..... .
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .......... . .....-............ . . . . . . . . ... .................. ........ .. . . . .. ........... ... .............. .......................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ... . .. .... . ........................................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .....................x...... .................... .....
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .............. .. ... ..
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .............
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .............. ...................... ...... ..... .......
                                                                                                                                                                                                           . ......... ............. .........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .... Aft 6@1r'-:-Zq
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .......... .... ....... ........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           *Of ............... ....
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ............. .... ... ....... ..
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .......................... .........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ..................... ............... . ........ .................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ................................. .....
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ................. ............... ...... .........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ............... ..................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ...... ............... .
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ........... ...................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ..... ..... .......................... ....... ..... ....... ....... ....
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ............... .. ........ ...... ........... .....X
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .......... ...................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .............. ....... ............... X. ..... .. ....... .............. .........................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ................................... ...... . ........... ......... ......... .............. ...
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .. ............ ................ .... X...
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ................. .......
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ................... . ..
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ............... ... .......
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ....... .. .. .................
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ................................. .. ... ......... ...............
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .. ....................................................... ...... ........ %..........................%.....................................% ...... . . . .... ........I.........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .............. ....................X....... .....
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ...............................X....... ....... .......
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ............... ... :.:::: ......................... ......
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ........ .......................x
                                                                                                                                                                                                           .............
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ......................... .....................X.................................... ..................... ..... ..... ..
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ....................... .. ........ ....... ........ .... .. .............. ...... ... ....... ... .........
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ............................................... ........ .............
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ........... .......................




                                                                                                                                                                                                           South Alabama Regional Planning Commission 105



               @@@ @ M M M M M mmm@m anon @ft
             dt"f          Comprehensive Plan                                                                              Utilities


                 B cacb



             The Baldwin County Comprehensive Solid Waste Management Plan cites goals to be achieved through and by the year 2000.
             These goals are designed to meet the requirements of Act 89-824 of the Alabama Legislature.

             1.  Achieve or exceed a 25 percent recycling rate by the end of 1994.

             2.  Provide for a minimum of ten years landfill disposal capacity.

             3.  Provide convenient and economical recycling opportunities for each individual and business.

             4.  Eliminate unauthorized open dumps and clean up the ones now in existence.

             5.  Eliminate and control litter.


             6.  Initiate full cost accounting of solid waste collection and disposal.

             7.  Assure that the public has the opportunity throughout the planning process to be a part of the solution to our solid waste
                 dilemma. Therefore, source separation of waste will be initiated.

             Telephone

             Gulf Telephone is the only local telephone service provider serving 38,000 South Baldwin County customers, encompassing
             Orange Beach, Foley, Gulf Shores, Robertsdale and the unincorporated areas south of 1-10, west of Fish River and east of
             Perdido Bay. There are 3,147 telephone numbers at Orange Beach and 711 at Bear Point.







             106                                 South Alabama Regional Planning Commission



       M@ M M M @ M M M'M M M M M M M M NA Show
          d@-Ivf       Comprehensive Plan                                                                            Utilities






         Recommendations


              Coordinate the Water Authorities Long-Range Plan to Capital Improvements Programs.

              Coordinate Sanitary Sewer Long-Range Plans to Capital Improvements Programs.

              Establish a system to ensure Water, Sewer and Fire Protection is provided for each proposed development.

              Require connection to sanitary sewer if connection service line is available.

              Provide mandatory garbage pick-up.

              Locally adopt the goals to meet the requirements of Act 89-824 of the Alabama Legislature.

















                                            South Alabama Regional Planning Commission                                     107



    wM 1611-M M M M M M M M M M                          M M M @ M
       Cfty of  Comprehensive Plan                                       Utilities
       ML
       'W@ @Dac



































       108                   South Alabama Regional Planning Commission
                                                                        I A I nQ
                                                                   3 666 1 1+ 1 VO VOVO