Comprehensive plan (phase I), City of Haines, Alaska

[From the U.S. Government Printing Office, www.gpo.gov]

;-t
5@%Wfy 1 4
& Regional 41f@lrf
bmsion of Camm#*
%Whs
t3

-COMPREHENSIVE PLAN
Phase I)

U11
CITY OF HAINES1 ALASKA

61;
" h17 5

Ilk---
a)

HT
168
H35
C66
1976 J U N E 1976
phaseI

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES. INC.

H A I N E S C 0 M P R E H E N S I.V E P L A N
(Phase I)

Consulting services provided to the Haines Pl-anning Commission with
respect to the Economic Base Study by D. Eric McDowell, principal of
Homan - McDowell Associates, Juneau, Alaska; professionally associated
in this Phase I planning project with Bob Pavitt, President of the
fi m of R. W. Pavitt and Associates, Inc, Juneau, Alaska.

US Department of Commerce
NOAA Coastal Services Center Library
2234 South Hobson Avenue
Charleston, SC 29405-2413

The preparation of this report was financed in part
through a Comprehensive Planning Grant from the U.S.
Department of Housing and Urban Development, under
the provisions of Section 701 of the Housing Act of
1954 as amended, and the Division of Community Plan-
ning of theAlaska Department of Community and Reg-
ional Affairs.

June, 1976

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES. INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase I)

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
INTRODUCTION

I. BACKGROUND FOR PLANNING 3
A. NATURAL.ENVIRONMENT 3
(1) Geography
(2) Geology
(3) Topography
(4) Soils
(5) Hydrology
(6) Climate
(7) Vegetation
(8) Fish and Wildlife
(9) Mineral Resources
(10) Geophysical Hazards
B. MAN-MADE ENVIRONMENT
(1) History
Land Use
(3) Land Status
(4) Housi*ng
(5) Community Facilities and Services
(a) local government- 6d:,m6n1cipgl) 'offffibs",
(b) water and sewer utilities
(c) electric utility
(d) solid waste collection and disposal
(e) library facilities and services
(f) museum facilities and services
(g) public safety
.(h) educiation
,(i) cultural.facilities and services
0) recreation and open space
(k) health and social services.
0 ) cemeteries
(m) communications
(6) Transportation facilities and services
(a) surface transportation
(b) marine transportation
(c) air transportation

Ilk

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -ii-

TABLE OF CONTENTS - continued
Page
II. ECONOMIC BASE STUDY 58
A. ANALYSIS OF THE PRESENT STATUS OF THE HAINES ECONOMY 58
(1) Average Annual Employment Survey
(2) Other Surveys
(3) Results of the Average Annual Employment Survey
(4) Results of the Fisherman't Survey
(5) Unemployment Compensation and Public Assistance
(6) Sectors of the Haines Economy
B. INDUSTRIES IN HAINES: PRESENT STATUS AND FUTURE OUTLOOK 83
(1) Timber
(2) Fisheries
(3) Tourism
(4) Transportation
(5) Mining
(6) Outer Continental Shelf Oil Development
(7) Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act
(8) Cottage Industry
(9) Arts and Crafts
(10) Agriculture
(11) Natural Gas Pipeline
C. POPULATION ANALYSIS AND FORECASTS
(1) Causes of Population Change
(2) Historic Population Trends
(3) Estimating the Present Population
(4) Future Population Projections
(5) Summary of Population Projections
III. ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION 128
IV. COMMUNITY GOALS AND OBJECTIVES 138
V. GENERAL COMMENTS 146
APPENDIX 148
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 153

POCKET PART
Land Use Map - Overall Planning Area Community Area Soils Map
Land Tenure - Overall Planning Area Water and Sewer Service
Land Use Map - Community Planning Area Areas Map
Land Tenure - Community Planning Area
Transportation and Community Facilities Map

1@ k %I

to Halt, unction 159 Miles,
to Intersection with Alcan Hwy.

% %
% A
Proposed Hw y. Re-route
0- P, PROPOSED
KLONDIKE
AL*
NATION
'01 V ,
PARK

t-off! Agism SAY
Skagway
N
RI
vvr
ON, ... . ...
V
CITY OF HAINES LOCAI
NIR, Utak
rku AND PORT CHILIKOOT
akh Mild 0.0 Haines Cut-Off Highway
River N
-14
&
L

Proposed
Chilkat State ParK M
QIN 7

M
G L A C I E R Q,
L
3
0
BAY
Vol
r
N
14 0
N 0
Ilk
@N A T 10 N A L
aR

berners Say
M 0 N U M E N Ti,
or-

0
0
01-
o' CITY, AN
(i.sq' 0 City and Borough of Juneau

0
Zq
no

G
t
us avus'@

STATE CAPITAL
'Itrid of ChIlkat Range
Annexed March of 9,Z5
JUNEAU

%
9 dmiralty

Island
. . . . . . . . . . SCALE:

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

HAINES COMPREHENSIVE PLAN (PHASE Il

INTRODUCTION

Scope
Phase I of the Haines Comprehensive.Plan is basically an inventory
of physical, social, economic and environmental factors which have
influenced the community in the past, and will impact its future
growth and development.

The planning area included within the parameters of the study varies
in accordance with the significance of the subject matter to the
community. Whilethe City of Haines does not have extraterritorial
planning powers, the recreational development of the Chilkat State
Park, the ownership of the Lutak Inlet dock facility and the opera-
tion of the Haines Airstrip are obviously of major importance to
the people of the City. Similarly, the fish processing facilities
at Excursion Inlet, the development of Canada's Kluane National
Park and the acceleration of hard-rock mining activity in the Yukon
will significantly impact the economic potential of Haines. Thus,
while the elements of the Haines Comprehensive Plan will be limited
to the City and immediately adjacent areas, the factors considered
in preparation of this Phase I Report and Economic Base Study will
range considerably broader.

Purpose
Planning is the process of assisting elected officials in understa n-
ding the options available to them in making informed decisions in
the public interest. It consists of research; analysis and evalua-
tion; determination of goals and objectives; and development of
alternative courses of action to achieve those goals.

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -2-

Haines and Port Chilkoot prepared a Comprehensive Plan with the
assistance of the Alaska State Housing Authority in 1964. Since
that time, the two cities have merged, the relationship of Haines
to Southeast Alaska and the rest of the State has undergone a
substantive change, and the economic and social change that has
occurred in the intervening 12 year period combine to make that
plan less useful as a guide to public decision-making.

The Alaska Department of Community and Regional Affairs is assist-,
ing the City in the development of a new comprehensive community
plan. Financially aided by a grant obtained from.the U.S Depart-
ment of Housing and Urban Development, this document, which comprises
Phase I of the planning work program, is intended to provide the
necessary data to proceed with the preparation of the plan.

The Planning Commission, encouraged by the positive response
exhibited by the people of Haines, has broadened the scope of the
Phase I work program to include an active citizen participation
element that will develop a meaningful.set of community planning
goals and objectives intended to guide and facilitate the work of
comprehensive plan preparation in Phase 11 of the project.

In short, then, it is the purpose of this Phase I Report to
identify, analyze and evaluate the issues and opportunities facing
the community; and to articulate the needs and desires expressed
by the citizens of Haines.

R W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase I)

I. BACKGROUND FOR PLANNING

This chapter of the plan constitutes the inventory
of natural and man-made features of the planning
area, and provides the factual data on which sound
planning projections and recommendations can be
based.

A. NATURAL ENVIRONMENT

(1) Geography
Located at Latitude 590-12.3' North, Longitude 135*-26.7' West,
Haines is in the northern part of Southeast Alaska. It is approxi-
mately 75 airline miles northwest of Juneau, and 16 milessouth of
Skagway. The community is situated on the Deshu Isthmus of the
Chilkat Peninsula at the head of Lynn Canal in Alaska's Panhandle.

In 1970, the boundaries of Haines, the City of Port Chil-koot,and
some@small adjacent areas were consolidated; the City of Haines
now containing some 1700 acres (2.66 square miles) of area within
its new limits. Haines lies within the Haines Borough, a juris-
diction covering more than 2,600 square miles in northern Southeast
Alaska.

The City is nestled in a valley in that part of the Coast Mountains
of the Pacific Mountain System known as the Chilkat Range, and is
virtually surrounded by mountains, glaciers, inlets, fiords and
spectacularly rugged terrain.

(2) Geo'logy

The Haines' area was probably covered by glacier ice several times
during the Pleistocene Epoch (the time from about 2 million to

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES. INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -4-

10,000 years ago.) The.presence of marine deposits several
hundred feet above sea-level indicates that the land has been
substantially uplifted since the most recent deglaciation of the
region about 10,000 years ago. The rate of uplift of the land at
Haines (relative to .sea level) during the past 40 years has been
2.26 centimeters (about 9/10ths of an inch) per year, and is thought
to be due to rebound as a result of the absence of the weight of
glacial ice.

Both bedrock and surficial deposits are present in the area. The
exposed bedrock consists of metamorphic (metebasalt and p .yroxenite)
rock, and igneous rocks@ which include diorite and tonalite (quartz
diorite). The surficial'deposits range from drift,'outwash and .
ice-.c.ontact deposits, to Chilkat River delta-deposits and man-made r
fill.

Chilkat, Chilkoot and Lutak Inlets are deep, glacially scoured
fiords. East of Haines, Chilkoot Inlet reaches depths exceeding
50 fathoms (300 feet). Portage Cove slopes gently from shore to
a depth of about 50 fathoms, while Chilkat I"nlet depths range from
shoaling water in McClellan flats to over 100 fathoms (600 feet)
near-Seduction Point at the south end of the Chilkat.Peninsula.

Most of the built-up area of Haines has been constructed on an
elevated beach whose crestline roughly parallels part of the
present shore of Portage Cove., Deposits of thi,s former beach
extend from an altitude of about 150 feet near the mountain front
at the north edge of the City to about 60 feet elevation between
Haines and Port Chilkoot. Fifteen feet of clean-bedded mixed sand
and gravel with some cobbles and a few boulders are exposed in the
northern part of Haines. The beach deposit on which Haines is built

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase I)i -5-

indicate that the land built up as'a spit during emergence, when
shorelines parallel to the mountain front north of Haines were'de-
veloping. If this interpretation is correct, it would indicate
that there was a water connection between Chilkoot and Chilkat
Inlets, and that the present Chilkat Peninsula was an island at
that time.

Haines lies in the circum-Pacific earthquake belt; one of the
world's qreatest zones of seismic activity. Although it is.not.
yet possible to scientifically predict the occurrence of-destructive
earthquakes or their probable characteristics, there are indicators
by which the degree of likelihood may be estimated:.
(a) the seismicity or histori,cal record of earthquakes in a
region or area.@
(b) the degree of tectonic activity of the region or area,
as indicated,chiefly by the recency-of fault movement.

-There are no recorded epicenters of earthquakes within the Haines
area itself. The closest ' epicenter for any earthquake of magnitude
6 or greater is about .30 miles northwest of Haines in the Chilkat
River valley. This earthquake occurred March 9, 1952, and had a
magnitude of 6. Epicenters of only 12 other,earthquakes.are re-,
corded as being within about 50 miles of Haines.. Magnitudes for
these earthquakes were less than 5 or were not computed-Thirty nine
earthquakes within 100 miles of Haines have been instrumentally re-
corded. One of these, the Lituya earthquake of July 10, 1958, had
a magnitude of 8, o ne had a magnitude of 6, six had magnitudes be-
tween 5 and 6, and 31 had magnitudes less than 5 or were not com-
puted. Felt earthquakes reported in the Haines area ha ve ranged
from slight tremors to severe shocks.

Although there are a substantial number of faults in the northern

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES.- INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -6-*

Panhandle, those associated with the Fairweather Queen Charlotte
Islands fault system and the connecting Chugach St. Elias fault
appear to be more tectonically active than do the faults in the
Haines area. The-number of earthquakes related to the Shagwak
Va-Iley,,-Chilkat River, Lynn Canal, Chatham Strait segments of the
Denali fault system is small as compared to the,number along the
aforementioned systems.

While it is not possible to assess with any great degree,of pre--
'cision the'earthquake probability of the'Haines area, it must be
remembered that@the area is in the second most seismically active
region in Alaska, and-that the region constitutes a part@of the
highly active circum-Pacific seismic belt where earthquakes of
magnitude 8 or greater have occurred. The Haines area may well
have a greater,earthqua'ke probability than that indicated solely
by the historic seismic record'. The possibility of an earthquake
as great as magnitude 8 in the general area of Haines cannot be,
ruled out. For these reasons, the placing of Haines in seismic,
zone 3, as assigned by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, seems
reasonable. Moreover, it should be em phasized that intensities
from fairly distant large earthquakes, such as may occur along the
Fairweather-Queen Charlotte Islands fault-, will be attenuated
With distance from the epicenter, but still may be sufficiently
:high at Haines. to cause damage either directly or indirectly
fr=shaking.

(3)- Topography

Haines lies within the Coast Mountains of the Pacific Mountain
system. Northeast of the city, the Coast Mountains rise in scenic
splendor in the vicinity of the Canadian border. The Takshanuk
Mountains, with peaks nearing 6,000 feet, are located northwest

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES. INC. NEEMENWMM@

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -7-

of the community; and to the. southwest, the snow and clatier-clad
peaks of the Chilkat Range rise to over 7,000 feet.

Haines occupies low-lying land at the northern end of the Deshu
Isthmus which is at the northern end of the,Chilkat Peninsula.
The peninsula is bounded.on the southwest by Chilkat Inlet and.on
the northeast by Chilkoot Inlet ... both of which waterways fom
the northwest continuations Pf Lynn Canal. The Takshanuk,.Mountains
immediately northwest ofthe community constitute a steep-sided
ridge which rises 3,000 - 6,000 feet,above the'Chilkat River on
the southwest and the Chilkoot River on the northeast., The,Chilkat
River is a broad braided stream which empties into Chilkat Inlet
about I mile southwest of Haines. The Chilkoot River flows into
Chilkoot Lake which in turn empties into Lutak Inlet; a north-
westerly continuation of Chilkoot Inlet.

Steep slopes to over 1,000 feet are located in the northern part
of the city, and the peak of Mt. Ripinski located 1 1/2.,iniles
north of-the Haines Airstrip,looms over:the town at 3,563 feet.
The major part of the city, however, ranges from 40 to 80 feet
above sea level.

The Chilkat River, Johnson Creek, Mink Creek, and several unnamed
creeks along the southwest side of Lutak Inlet are the only sig-
nificant drainage courses in the immediate area, although several
small intermittent creeks drain from the mountain front northwest
Of Haines. Much of the low area in Haines and to the west i's
poorly drained.

Tidal data for Haines reduced to mean values shows mean higher
high water to be 16.8 feet; mean lower low water at 0A feet,
with extreme high water level at 22.5 feet and the estimated

R. W. PAVIT AND ASSOCIATES, INC.
T

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase@I)

1owest1water levelzat -6.0 (six feet below mean lower low water).

(4) Soils

-.Mucn.of the immediate Haines area is covered with gravelly and
stony dlacial deposits'. Bedro,.-k is exposed on a few steep slopes
at low elevations, and in many places at higher elevations.
Very st'on'y colluvial deposits occur on mountain footslopes in the
northern part of the area, while layered sil't, sand,and clay de-
posits are found on the floodplains bordering the [email protected] of the
Chilkat River. Peat deposits are farly common in low-lying areas,
in''depressions in the uplands, and on slopes affected by seepage.

Major groupings of soil types in the area include:
Ch and De gravelly sandy loam
Kenai silt loam
Lu very gravelly coarse sand
Maybeso mucky peat
Ro-ugh-,,' broken l'and (Tolstoi-complex)
Tols.toi very stony silt loam
Toqe#er.,,.. these groupings cover about 90"0' of the immediate.Hallnes
area,., 4hile there-are several other soil types present, (gravelly
beach, Ka silty clay loam, Kenai-Su complex, Kina peat, Moose.
River fine sandy loam, and tidal marsh), the combined area of
.th.ese occurrences total less than 10/10 of the planning area..

The. capabi,.lity. groupin,q,is a system of classification designed
,to sho.w.the.relative suitabilitv of soils for crops, grazina,
forestry, and wildlife. It is a practical grouping based on the
needs and limitations of thesoils, the risk of damage to them,
and their response to management. There are eight of these general
classes in-the system. In classes 1, 11, 111 and IV are soils
that are suitable for annual or periodic,cultivation of annual or
short live.d,,crops. Class I soils are those that have the-widest

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -9-

range of,use and the least risk of damage.- Classes II an d III
have increasingly narrow ranges of use. Class IV soils can be
cultivated only under very.careful management. In classes V, VI
and.VII are soils that normally:should not be cultivated for
annual or short lived crops, but that can be used for pasture,
for woodland, or for plants th at support or shelter wildlife.
Soils in Class VIII have no agricultural value, but may be useful
for watershed protection or for wildlife.

The subclass designation is basedlon thedominant kind of limita-
tion. The letter symbol 11 ell means that the main limiting factor
is risk of erosion if the pl.ant cover is not maintained. The
symbol "w" means that excess water retards..plant growth or inter-
feres with cultivation. The symbol "s" means that the soils are
shallow, droughty or low in nutrients. The symbol "c" indicates
that the choice of.crops is limited by:cli.matic factors. In the
Haines area, the range of uses for.soils is,limited primarily by
slope, wetness or shallow depth. For t4ese reasons. nnne of the
soils meet the requirements for capability classes I and 11.

Kenai silt loam is the predominant.soil type over about 10% of
the Haines area. When present in areas of up to 12% slopes, it
falls into 'subclass Me - well drained, moderately deep, medium
textured soils in rolling areas. Nearly all of this soil is in
,native forest. Growth rates of Sitka-spruce and western hemlock,
.the principal timber species, are estimated to be relatively rapid.

if cleared,.this soil is suitable for-growing all crops that are
adapted to the area including vegetables, berries and hay crops.
The erosion hazard is severe,.but washing and gullying can be
prevented on fields if crops are planted on the countour and
grasses are used in the-cropping sequence. Good yields can be

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase I) _10-

expected if@adequate amounts of fertilizer are applied as deter-
mined by soil tests.. In addition, lime probably would be bene-
ficial for most crops. In places, stones may interfere with
cultivation unless they are removed. When slopes exceed 12%,
Kenai silt loam-is placed in subclass IVe because of the very
severe erosion hazard.

Kina peat and Maybeso mucky peat which occupy about 5% of the
area are in subclass IVw - poorly and very poorly drained peat
soils on nearly level and gently sloping areas. Most of the
soils in this subtlass are wet during the growing season. If
cleared,areas of Kina and Maybeso soils can-be suitable for
growing-vegetables-and berries, but in most places, artificial,
drainage would be@required to remove excess water.

The remainder of the@predominant soil types (Ch gravelly sandy
.loam, De gravelly sandy loam and Kenai silt loam an slopes ex-
ceeding 20%) are classed as well drained, shallow, gravelly soils
on undulating to hilly slopes and moderately deep silty soils on
moderately steep slopes (subclass Vle). Nearly all areas of these
soils are forested. These soils are.generally too gravelly, stony
or-steep for cropland. If-cleared, they should be seeded to
perennial grass to prevent erosion.

Subclass VIw - poorly drained, nearly level soils and land types,
and complex areas with both well drained and poorly drained.soils,
is the description and classification for Ka silty clay loam,
Kenai-Su complex, Moose River fine-sandy loam and tidal marsh.

Most of the soils in th e Haines area have features that limit or
restrict their use for certain types of development. The Tolstoi
soils, which are extensive on uplands, are very severely limited

I .* ,
R. W. PAV,ITT AND ASSOCIATES. INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase I) -il-

for most kinds of construction or development because of steep
gradients, shallow depth 'to bedrock,-and the presence of many
large stones and boulders. In some areas, -these soils are in
a complex pattern with rough broken land, which is usually too
steep and rocky for most uses.

The Ch, De, and Kenai soils with gradients of less than 12% Are
generally the most suitable in the area for building sites, roads
and similar uses. All of these soils, however, have slowly per-
meable subsoils or substrata that may restrict or severely limit
their use.for septic tank filter fields. The De soils are further
limited for development by wetness, which is caused mainly by
seepage from higher areas. In most places these soils can be
..drained by constructing open ditches designed to intercept and
divert seep.water and runoff.

All of the soils in the area, except for the Ch and Tolstoi
series are highly susceptible to frost-heavi.ng.
The Kina and Maybeso soils cons'ist of peaty and mucky materials,
are very poorly drained, and are generally unsuitable for road
or buildings unless the organic materials are removed and the:
areas artificially drained.

(5) Hydrology

Surface water is water moving in streams or stored in lakes and
glaciers. In'the Haines area, surface water consists of the Chilkat
River and its tributaries, a few small streams that flow into
'Chilkat and Chilkoot Inlets,-and Lily Lake. Haska Creek, located
across McClellan Flats from Kaskulu Point, is 'One of the few sig-
nificant stream flows in the area which is free of glacial flour.

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -12-

Ground water is defined as water that fills.openings in the rocks
of the earth's crust, and thus forms a saturated zone. Where
ground water is unconfined, the water table is free to move upward
or downward as water is added to or removed':from the zone of sat-
uration. Where ground water is confined by overlying less permeable
materials, water rises in wells that penetrate the confining stratum
and may even flow from the well.

Surface water from streams, although abundant in the summer, is
not readily available as a year-round source of water, as most of
the.small springs and streams cease flowing during the cold winter
months when snow melt ceases to be a source.

Ground water availability is limited in the Haines area due to the
close proximity of bedrock underlying most of the area, the poten-
tial of salt water intrusion, and the drainage water from muskeg areas.

Lily Lake, a 32 acre lake located on the northern part of the Chilkat
Peninsula, has been determined by several technical and engineering
studies to be the best year-round source of potable water for Haines.

(6) Climate
The climate at Haines, as in most of Southeast Alaska, is dominated
principally by maritime influences. Although the prevailing wind
direction during the winter months is from the west, bringing extreme-
ly cold air down from the St. Elias Mountains, the impact of these
frigid air masses is moderated substantially by the effects of the
Lynn Canal and its warming influence. The combination of these occur-
ences does, however, result in heavy snowfall, averaging over 125
inches for the five coldest months (November through March).

Frost-free days average about 140 per year. Haines-extreme recorded

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -13-

temperatures range from a high o f 91* (F) occurring in June, to,a
record low in December of -17*.(F).

The following climatological summary for Haines is based on Weather
Bureau information covering 46 years of recorded data:

TEMPERATURE PRECIPITATION

MEANS EXTREMES TOTAL SNOW & SLEET

4j
E E 44
CA 4-3
E 0) C
Cn 0 0
x E f E
4-) 4j

4.) 4j

4J 4j
U fa x x

JAN 1 29.1 17.3 23.2 54 -15 1296 6.61 15.99 34.8 94.4
FEB 31.1 19.7 25.4 '53 -16 1109 4.10 9.14 -21.9 7.0.0
MAR 37.,6 '25.-5 '31.,6 -63 - 6. 1035 4.75 11.55 17.9 68.1

APR 1 46.7 31.8 39.3 72 6. 771 3.40 6.95 3.0. 14.0

MAY 56.8 39.9 48.4 83 24 515 1 2.12 4.08 0.4 10.6

JUN 64.3 46.2 55.3 91 30 291 1.43 3.91 0.0 0.0

JUL 65.5 49.7 57.6 90 35 229 1.94 5.49 0.0 0.0

AUG 63.0 48.2, 56.1. 86 .32 276 2.75 5.76 0.0 0.0

SEP @57.0' 43.4 50.2 6.38 13.93
76 24 444 T
OCT 46.4 35.9 41.2 65 8 738 111.63 20.37 4.0 19.5,
NOV 36.2 26.3 31.3 58 -11 1011 8.60. 17.47 19.9 90.5
DEC 30.1 19.8 25.0 57 -17 1240 6.93 1 16.68 30.7 67.5

8955 60.64 20.37- 132.6 94.4
Year 11 47. 33.6 40.4 91' -17

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES. INC.
I'D
Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -14-

The prevailing wind direction from November through March is from
the west. Prevailing direction for all other months is from the
southeast except for September when it is from the south-southeast.

(7) Vegetation

The natural vegetative cover in the Haines area consists of forest.,
bush, and;alpine tundra.

S.itka Spruce and@Western Hemlock are the predominant species that-
make up much.of the forest, with concentrations of cottonwood near
the Davidson Glacier, and some hardwood species (primarily birch)
found on well-drained slopes abovd the spruce forests.

Muskeg, frequently several feet deep, forms an organic mat in much.
of the low-lying areas.

Above 3,000 feet altitude, alpine tundra is the only vegetation
found, while the areas below that level abound with the alder,
dwarf maple, willow, berry bushes and devil club that form a dense
underbrush in the forested areas.

(8) Fish and Wildlife

Goats, whose numbers are estimated at more than 2,500, are present
throughout the high country surrounding Haines. These vegetarians
move down the mountain slopes as winter snows accumulate, and are
frequently found in the valleys during the winter seeking food and
shelter.

The Haines moose population, which accordInq to local hunters has
been declining steadily for the past 5 or 6 years , is a relatively
recent phenonenom; the moose first being sighted in the area after

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES. INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -15-

the construction (during World War II) of the Haines Cutoff Highway.

Wolves, common to Southeast Alaska, are estimate-d to number 50 in
the area. Black bear is the most plentiful big game animal, num-
bering over 4,500 while brown bears are somewhat rarer with about
300 residing in the area. Moose and bear habitat includes most of
the Chilkat Peninsula, and the valley.and slopes adjacent to Chilkat
Inlet and extending along both sides of the Chilkat River, as well
as the shores of Lutak Inlet.

Waterfowl, including many species of ducks and.geese, are common
in the Chilkat River area, Chilkoot River and Lake, Lutak Inlet
and Taiyasanka Harbor.

The Chilkat River is a major chum salmon spawning stream. Spawning
of Dolly Varden; sockeye, coho, chum and pink.salmon occurs also in
the Chilkoot River. The Glory Hole, a clear water spring located
at the northwest end of Chilkoot Lake provides a superb view of
spawning sockeye (red) salmon.

Eulachon are found in the Chilkat River., Sport fishing is good
throughout the area; the more popular locations including Letnikof
Cove, Lutak Inlet, Chilkoot Lake and the outlet, Chilkat Inlet,
Mosquito Lake and Chilkat Lake (4 miles south of Klukwan). Herman
Lake boasts a sub stantial population of freshwater'shrimp.

(9) Mineral Resources
The metallic minerals in the general area include gold, iron and
titanium, copper, zinc, lead and silver.

Gold; particularly large amounts of "flour".gold is present in the
Porcupine district, while massive low grade iron and titanium deposits

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES' INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -16-

are known to be located near Klukwan. Magnetic disturbance observed
from the tip of the Chilkat Peninsula to Mt. Ripinski, and further
diamond tore drilling investigations also indicate substantial iron
ore to be-present in the immediate Haines area.

Indications of copper-zinc-lead-silver prospects have been observed
near Mt. Kashagnak, about 10 miles northwest of Haines, and at
Sullivan Mountain located 4 mil-es south of Glacier Point.

The most common non-metallic mineral resource is sand and gravel,
which is abundant in the Haines area. Coarser cobble and boulder
deposits are also available in the'immedfate vicinity-

(10) Geophysical Hazards

The four geophysical hazards most common in Southeast Alaska are
flooding (both coastal and stream), mass wastage (rock and/or'mud
slides),@s'now' avalanche, and earthquakes.

Due to the physical location of Haines,' the community is relatively
free of flooding, slide or avalanche dangers, although construction
activity on the slopes north of the city center has caused some local
drainage problems.

Earthquakes, along with tsunamis, seiches,,and associated abnormal
water wave activity constitute the major geophysical hazard to which
Haines is exposed.

The area is designated by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers as being
in Seismic Zone 3 ... a zone where the largest expectable earthquakes
would have magnitudes greater than 6.0, and where major damage to
manmade structures could be expected. @Strongest ground vibration
(shaking) as a result of an earthquake could be expected to occur

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase I)

on manmade fills; specifically the Haines Airstrip, Alaska Depart-
ment of Highways shops near Kaskulu Point, and the Lutak dry cargo
dock area. Settlement of the ground surface due to shaking could
cause damage in the Haines area to roadbeds, buildings and other
facilities whose foundations are wholly or partly on filled land.

Because of the location of Haines on a long and complex fiord
system of varying depth and configuration, it is not possible to
predict With any certainty the height of wave runup and resultant
damage at Haines in the event of an earthquake-caused tsunami or
seiche, but it seems reasonable to assume that Haines has a fairly
high potential for damage from earthquake: or earthslide-induced
waves, particularly if such a wave were to arrive during a period
of high tide.

The flood of September, 19'67, caused by exceptionally h eavy rain-
fall, damaged the road system extensively. Lutak Road, Mud Bay
Road, and a 35 mile stretch of the Haines Cutoff Highway northwe st
of Haines were most affected; although Klukwan was in extreme
danger of inundation from a c reek at Mile 23 which dumped mud and
rodks all around the village.

'Rock, mud and snowslides are not a serious threat to the occupied
areas of the community, although there is potential for damaging
water waves generated by rockslides moving down steep fiord walls
such as are present at Taiyasanka Harbor.

R. W. PAVITT AND AS80CIATES, INC.

Ha,ines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1)

B. MAN-MADE ENVIRONMENT

(1) History

Thetime of arrival of the Tlingit people in the Haines area is lost
in antiquity, but the earliest forays by non-Natives into the region
reported the Chilkats as having a thriving and productive society in
existence, with villages in Klukwan,,in Chilkoot, and along the Chil-
kat delta. In addition to the ample availability of fish, game,
berries and other subsistence resources, the Tlingits had, by the
mid-1800's, already established an extremely profitable trading
business with the Athaba.scan Indians.of the Yukon and interior
Alaska. In 1852, concerned by the threat of possible competition
for this trade, a party of Chilkats raided and destroyed the
Hudson"s Bay Post at Fort Selkirk in the Yukon.

After receiving permission from the Tlingi,t.chiefs to occupy the
crossroads area known as Da-shu on the shore of Portage Cove, John
Muir and S. Hall Young, at the request of Dr. Sheldon Jackson,
marked off the site for a mission to serve the Native people of the
area. The arrival of Presbyterian missionaries in 1881, the re-
naming of Da-shu to Haines, and the establishment of a U.S. Post
Office in 1882 were the beginnings of the Haines community in the
form that we know it today.

The Presbyterian Mission played an important and continuing role in
the development of the community. The federal government a nd the
mission worked closely to provide educational and boarding facilities.
Following construction by the Bureau of Indian Affairs of a new school
in 1907, the Presbyterian Board of Missions operated a hospital, and
later an orphanage, on the site until 1960. A recent gift to the
community by the Presbyterian Church is the tract of land on the
original Mission property which will serve as the site of the Museum.

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES. INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase1) _19-

Although salmon cannerieswere already active,in the 1890's, the gold
strike in the Klondike in 1896,;and the use of the Dalton Trail along
the traditional Chilkat Indian trail fi rmly established Haines as an
important termi,nal point for prospectors and supplies. In 1898, gold
was discovered at Porcupine Creek., 36:miles from Haines, and the pop-
ul ati on growth of th e area ac celerated.

The establishment of Fort William Henry Seward.south of Haines in
1903 further stimulated the growth of thecommunity, and the 1910
federal decennial census counted 445,pe-rsons i-n Haines, 255 at'the
new army installation, 245%in the ancestral TTingit village of " '
Klukwanj andS2 rural-settlers. At this time, there were several
large farms in the area producing a good variety of vegetables which
were sold4not only in Haines and atth6 Post, but were shipped.to
Skagway, Juneau,,Sitka, and evento Seattle. Dairy cattle, goat
herds and a few beef cattle rounded out the agricultural activity.

Encouraged.by the economic stability, and expressing a desire for
better schools and community services, the people of Haines voted
overwhelmi-ngly to incorporate-the City on January 6, 1910.

Copper was being mined in the area, and there were plans drafted
and surveys made for a railroad to the interior of Alaska via the
@Chilkat Valley, but*this project fell through when a government
railroad was built through Seward. Although some gold-mining effort
continued in the Porcupine-.Creek area until the mid-thirties, major
activities ceased in 1916. The loss of these sources of employment
and the gradual decline of the economic importance of the salmon
fishery, along with.the consolidation of cannery facilities in more
economical locations, had a negative impact on the population, and
by 1920,@the official count showed a 30% decline from the'1910 figure
of 19027.

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES. INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -20-

.The World War II,years saw the,deactivation of Chilkoot Barracks,
(formerly Ft. William H.Seward), and a massive construction effort
in connecting Haines to the new Alcan Highway via the Haines Cutoff.
Following the war,, a-group of veterans purchased the Amy reservation,
renamed it Port Chilkoot, and moved to incorporate as a City-.:

Ferry service linking Haines with Skagway and Juneau was begun by
one of those veterans in 1948 with the converted landing craft
Chilkoot, and in 1954,was improved by the new Terri tori aI ..ferry
M/V Chilkat. Transportation and construction-thrived in-this
post-war:period as the Army built the pipeline to Fairbanks, the
Tank Farm,. and the large cargo dock installation at Lutak Inlet.

The '60's saw the timber industry flourish in Haines, and the,
Schnabel Lumber Company, which had started in 1939, became a-major
factor in the Haines economy.

The advent of Statehood in 1959, and the foresight of the young
state in its construction:of a fleet of 500-passenger vessels
plying the Inside Passage stimulated a new industry; tourism. The":
opening of the Haines Cutoff Highway to year-round travel added to
the-potential of this sector of the economy;

Port.Chilkoot became an integral part of-the City of.Haines in 1970;
and in 1972 the-.old Army Post was designated as a National Historic
Site, and again became Fort William H. Seward,.

The closing of the tank farm facility in 1971 seemed to trigger a,
series of economic setbacks forHaines which has persisted through-
out the early '70's. Declines in the salmon fishery and the de-
-pressed state of thetimber industry have seriously limited the
range of job opportunities available to local people.

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -21-

In 1975, the State Legislature authorized the development of Chilkat
State Park south of Haines. Also in 1975, Congress authorized funds
to pave the Haines Cutoff Highway.. It is hoped that implementation
of these legislative:actions, along with the improving economic pic-
ture in Alaska as a result of petroleum development will'inure to
the benefit of the people of Haines.

(2) Land Use

Note: - The "overall planning area" in this study includes
aTT-of the Chil,ka.t Peninsula., Lutak'Inlet, Taiyasanka Har-
bor, Chilkoot Lake, and about 67 square miles of land (in-,
cluding the Rainbow and Davidson Glacters) lying southwest
of.McClellan Flats and the Chilkat Inlet. The "Haines
Community Planning Area" covers the area (including the
Small Tract subdivision) of the Chilkat Peninsula within
.a, mile,of the southern city limit;:.and about 1.3 square
miles' of land west of the city.
Jhe data regarding land use,and landzstatus reported herein
will thus be divided into three parts;.(a) within city
limits; (b) outside city limits; and (c) overall planning'.
area. The data reported for each "unit" is mutually ex-
clusive; that is, the land area for the overall planning
area does not include the area within the Haines community
planning area. Likewise, the number of dwelling units re-
ported for the Haines community planning area does not
include those located within-the city limits.

Due to the differing intensity of I and use in each of
the units, data regarding uses and ownership within the
city limits is quite detailed, while that for the community
planning area (outside city limits) is reportedl,less
specifically. The overall planning'area, little of which
Js in private ownership, is covered in very general terms.
(a) within city limits - 1,700*acres (2.66 square miles)of are a is-
within the boundaries of the City of Haines. Of this total area,
156.9 acres-is water area in Portage Cove, and 97.0 acres is tide-
lands. Upland area totals 1,446A acres' (2.26 square miles).

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES', INC-.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -2Z-

,..Vacant land occupies-1,126.2 acres, or 77.9% of the total uplands
area, although about 250'adres of the presently vacant property
is: felt to be too steep for beneficial development. Deducting
that.-.a-creage from the total vacant land indicates that ove'r"877
.acres of land is vacant and available for development.

Street, road and highway rights-of-way occupy 133.5 acres, or
9.2% of the upland area.

Single family residential I's the dominant private use of land in
the City,at this'ti'me, with,'195 dwe lling units uti-lizing 64.6
acres of-.Iand,,or about 35% of the land'presently developed.

Recreation and open space uses including parks, trails, school
playgrounds, Parade Grounds at Port Chilkoot, State Fairgrounds,
and the open space at the Presbyterian Mission,:amounts to 35.7
acres, or about.19% of the presently.utilized land.

Light industrial and storage us-es.ac'count for 27 buildings.on,
21.0 acres of land. The 38 commercial buildings in the City
occupy 13.4 acres of lanC,which is equfvalant to &little over
7% of present land utilization.

Mobilehome parks, of which 4 are'located in Haines', use 12'.0 acres
(6%) o f the developed 1and to accomodate 65 mobilehome dwelling
units; while 10 individual mobilehomes (not in mobilehome parks)
use 2.1 acres, or just over 1% of the land presently in use.

The 7 gravel and rock quarry areas utilize 11.0 acres of land,
while heavy industrial use, involving 18 structures, occupies
7.5 acres in the City. Together, these uses accoun t for just
under 10% of the developed land area.

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -23-

The 20 multiple family residential buildings contain 77 dwelling
units, and occupy almost 4% (7.0 acres) of the city's built-.up land.

Churches and quasi-public facilities, including the ANB-ANS Building,
occupy 13 buildings on 6.5 acres of land,,or a little over 3% of
the developed area.

Public facilities, which include schools, public safety'buildings,
library, Customs station, public works shops and the Post Office,
use 15.buildings which occupy 5.6 acres of1and.

Residential uses, including single and multiple-family conven-
tional buildings, individual mobilehomes, and mobilehomes located
:.wi:thin parks, total 349 dwelling units, and occupy 85.7 acres of
land, or almost 46% of the-developed property in Haines.

Note: - The table on pages 26 and 27 details the re-
!-ationship,between land use and land.status in the City.

(b) outside of city.-.T.he Haines community planning area covers
several areas offairly intensive land use not within the cor-
porate Timits of the City of Haines. These areas contain,a total
of 2.5 square miles, or 1,625 acres.

Single family residential use includes,.66.dwelling units on 85
acres of land. There are 5 mobilehomes, occupying 6 acres, and
a 4 unit apartment building on 1 acre of land.

1 commercial building is located on 1/2 acre, and another 1/2
acre is used for a light industrial/storage purpose. 41.5 acres
is devoted to heavy industrial use (A lask a Forest Products).

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES,- INC.

Haines Compr ehensive Plan (Phase 1) -24-

5.public facilities utilize 20 acres, while rights-of-way use
63 acres, and-a State-recreation area occupies,7 acres.

Just,under-225 acres., or about 14%,of the 1,625 acre total land
.area in the-community planning@area is-presently in active use.
Of the 1,400 acres of vacant land, a little over 350.acres is
felt to be located on slopes too steep for normal development
practim.-

.,175, acres, including 20 acres of fishing:camps., i s: currently in
use, for- residentia-1, purposes. - Industrial use@, including:Schilabel
Lumber,.the Lutak dry.cargo dock.. the tank farm, and 85-acres of
rock and gravel quarry, presently utilizes about 210 acres.

Public Facilities, including the Haines Airstrip and 2 cemetery
sites make use of 40 acres; while recreational/open space uses
(which 'are interpreted as, including the proposed Chilkat State
Park and the federal Lighthouse Reservation as well as.the
State-operated Chilkoot Lake Recreation Area) occupy 5',745 acres
of land area.

The land presently in use makes up barely 6% of the total land
in the overall planning.area, leaving over 148 squa re miles
undeveloped.

(3) Land Status
(a) within city limits To achieve a full understanding of land
use potential in a community, it is necessary to determine the

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (phase 1) -25-

nature of ownership of the land as well as the present uses.
In the case of Haines, this study reveals a high percentag e of
private land within the city limits.

976 acres (67.6%) of the 1,446.1 acres of upland area in the
City is privately owned, althouqh only 12.8% (124.8 acres) is
presently in use.

Unlike the land tenure situation in many Alaskan communities,
the federal government controls only the 0.6 acres on which
the U.S. Customs station is built.

The State of Alaska, exclusive of highway rights-of-way,%controls
243.7 acres; of which 70.9 acres is presently in use. The local
governments (City and Borough) are the owners of 117 acres, in-
cluding 69.7 acres of street rights-of-way, and are presently
utilizing 87.3 acres, or 74.4% of this land.

The remainder of the land in the City is exempt from taxation by
reason of its ownership; either by religious organizations
(32.95 acres), or in the form of Native Allotments which total
10.05 acres. Virt ually all of the Church holdings are presently
in use, while about .50% of the Native holdings are developed.

(b) outside of city In the Haines community planning area, land
status research reveals more governmental ownership than in the
City, but still indicates quite substantial private ownershi.p.

-1,625 acres is privately.
967 acres, or 59.5% of the total of.
controlled, while.40 acres.'(2.4%)'is devoted to Native allotments.

The land tenure survey,@hows thatthe.remainder of the land is in

LAND USE NATIVE
PRIVATE LOCAL STATE FEDERAL QUASI-PUBLIC ALLOTMENTS TOTALS
LAND GOVERNMENT GOVERNMENT GOVERNMENT (EXEMPT) (EXEMPT)
OWNERSHIP

SINGLE FAMILY RESI,
DENTIAL
no. of dwelling units 165 27 1
197 units
0 4.6
acreage in use 60.
64.6 acres
SINGLE FAMILY RESI.
DENTIAL (MOBILEHOMES)
number of units 10
10 units
acreage in use 2J 2.1 acres
MULTIPLE FAMILY RESI-
DENTIAL
bifldings 20 20tbldgs.
dwe I I i ng . un i ts 77 77 units
acreage in -use 7.0 7.0 acres
MOBILEHOME PARKS
number of parks 4 4 parks
Ch number of units 65
acreage in use 12.0 65 ..units
12.-0 acres
COMMERCIAL
buildings 38
38 bldgs.
acreage in use 13.4 13.4 acres
LIGHT INDUSTRIAL AND
STORAGE
buildings 22. 2 3 27 bldgs.
acreage in use 11.6 3.0 6.4 21.0 acres
HEAVY INDUSTRIAL
structures 18
18 struct.
acreage in use 7.5 7.5 acres
CHURCH AND QUASI-
PUBLIC FACILITIES
buildings 12 1 13 bldgs.
!,"'_@LAND

acreage in use 6.0 .5 6.5 acres

0110 loilm-,

RECREATION AND
OPEN SPACE
number of areas 2 3 6 areas
acreage in use 10.0 0.7 25.0 35.7 acres
GRAVEL AND ROCK
. QUARRIES
number of areas 7 7 areas
acreage in use 11.0 11.0 acres
ROAD & HIGHWAY
RIGHTS-OF-WAY
acreage in use 69.7 63.8 133.5 acres
PUBLIC FACILITIES 2.
no'. of buildings 1 .12 1.1 1 15 bldgs.
acreage in use .24 4.6 .6 .12 5.6 acres
VACANT LAND 853.2 29.7 236.6 -0- 1.8 4.9 1,126.2 acres
TOTAL LAND AVAILABLE
acreage (by owner) 978 .117 307.5 0.6 32.95 10.05 1,446.1 A.
LAND NOW IN USE
acreage 124.8 87.3 70.9 0.6 .31.12 5.1 319.9 A.
14
PERCENT OF LAND 12.8% 74.4% @23.1% 100% 94.4% 50.7% 22.1%
IN USE

1. includes 5 dwelling units located in same building as commercial use
2. U.S. Post Office located in leased building

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES., INC.'@:

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -28-

governmental ownership,.with,9.1 acres (5.6%) controlled by the.
City of Haines, 338 acres or 20.8t in State ownership, and 190
acres, or 11.7% retained in federal ownership.

W overall-planning area In the large (101,169 acre) planning
area which adjoins the Haines.community, land tenure is more typi-
cal of rural Alaska, with only 3% (3,155 acres) of the land in
private ownership. All of the 84,464 acres of Public Domain Land
has been selected by the State of Alaska under the Statehood Act
selection provisions, and is shown on the Bureau..of Land Manage-
ment Status Plats as having been "Tentatively Approved" for trans-
fer to State ownership. (Prior to,the passage of the Alaska Native
Claims [email protected] on-December 18, 1971-(P.L.92-203), Tentative
Approval (TA) was.considered tantamount to ownership. The Claims
Settlement@`Act, however, 'conveyed c6rtai'n selection rights to
qualified Native groups on TA'd lands, and it is reasonable to
assume that the status of this land will eventually be quite
different from that reported here.)

12,290 acres, or about 12% of the land hasalready been transferred
to the State, and is currently shown as StatePatented land. 480
acres are i-n:Native Allotments, and.780 acresare devoted to federal
facilities @including the tank farm and POL facility, the Lutak dry
cargo dock, And the Lighthou se Reservation,at.the north:end of the
Chilkat?eninsula.

(4) Housing.

A survey was conducted. in May, 1976 to. a'tcertain the structural con-
dition and general liveability of the 34.9 dwelling units within the
ci ty I i mi ts.,.

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -29-

The housing inventory shows 197 single family residential units (in-
cluding 5 units located above commercially-used space in business
buildings); 77 dwelling units located in 20 separate multiple dwell-ing
structures,.and 75.mobilehome units.

Three classifications-were used in compiling the survey:
1. Standard- housing that ranges from ade@uate to excellent,
including modern or well-maintained older buildings that@'
appear to comply generally with the provisions of the Uni-
form Building Code.
2. Substandard - housing that is habitable, but deteriorated
beyond upgrading to standard without a 1-a rge investment
''which may exceed the value of the structure..
3. Uninhabitable - housing that is beyond repair, and consti-
tutes a hazard to other structures and/or a nuisance to.a
neighborhood.

Of the total (349)-,dwelling units, the survey revealed th e following

da ta:

Condition Number of Units-. Percent of Total Units
Standard 255 73.1
Substandard 79 22.6
Uninhabitable 15 4.3

349 TOTALS 100.0

Single family residential units constitute about 57% of the total
housing inventory. 'Of the 197 single family units, 83.7% (163) are
in standard'condition, with 25 houses shown as substandard, and 9
units, or 4.5% in uninhabitable condition'.

R. W. PAVITT.-AND ASSOCIATES., INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) ..-30-

The-77 dwell'ing units in mUltiple family structures make up 22% of
the inventory. -51, units, or 66.2% of these:units.are in standard,
conditiont while22 (28.5%) w ere c1assed as substandard@. The 'one
building containing 4 units considered uninhabitable1s not occupied
at this time.

Of the, 75 mobilehomes in the,City,...41 (54.7%). were.found to be in
standard condition, 32 (42.7%).substandard, and only 2 units (2.6'/Q)
were felt to-be uninhabitable.. Mobi.lehome,h.ousing.in Haines con-
stitutes about 21% of the total housing inventory.

(5) Community Facilities and Services:

(a) Local government - Local government- in the. Haines area con-
sists of'the two incorporated muni.tipalities;'the' City of Haines,
and the Haines Borough.

The City of Haines, incorporated in 1910, is a first class city
governed-by an elected Mayor and'an elected Common 'Council of
6 members. A City Administrator is employed to act as chief of
staff, and to assist with detailed administrative functions. The
..City.,has all. powers authorized to first class municipal itie.s -in.
the Munic* al Code (Title 29 of the Alaska Statutes).
ip

The City's administrative offices are housed in leased space in
the Gateway Building on Main Street between 2nd and 3rd Avenues.
1,060 square feet of second floor area is utilized by the City
Administrator's Office, the City Clerk's Office,. the Treasurer's
,.Office, and a conference and map room that serves as the Council
Chambers. The building, owned by the Lynn Canal Corporation of
Haines, was built in 1954-of cast-in-place concrete construction,
and is in good condition. Five off-street parking spaces are

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES. INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -31-

available on the property behind the building adjacent to the alley.

The Haines Borough, incorporated in 1968, is the only third class
borough in Alaska. The elected Borough Assembly serves also as the
School Board, and the primary function of the governmental unit is
to provide the local financial support and administration for the
school system. The Borough Mayor is also President of the School
Board, and the functions of-the Borough include assessment and
collection of taxes for school purposet.

The Borough also leases space on the second floor of the Gateway
Building, using 700 square feet to house the Borough Clerk., the
Borough Assessor's Office, and a conference and meeting room some-
times used for Assembly meetings.

(b).Water and sewer utilities and public works - The principal
water supply for the City of Haines is from Lily Lake located at
an elevation of.about 600 feet above sea level in the high country
South of the City on the Chilkat Peninsula. A new ductile iron
supply line 15,000 feet in length brings water from the lake to
the Port Chilkoot water tower. The 1,500 square foot concrete
block Water Treatment Plant was constructed in 1975 on a 5 acre
site 1/2 mile south of the city, and utilizes three filters
capable of treating 200,000 gallons per day to the appropriate
standards for potable water.

The original 4,500 feet of 6 inch cast iron water mains in Port
Chilkoot were constructed in 1906, and have since been supple-
mented with additional steel and tra nsite mains. The Haines
townsite system, constructed in 1951, includes 14,000 feet@of
6 inch transite mains, while another 6,000 feet of 6 inch transite
serves several subdivision developments north of town. This system

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES, INC..

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -32-

was supplemented in 1975 when 8',000 feet of 6 inch p.v.c. dis-
tribution supply lines were constructed.

Fire hydrants are'located on the mains throughout the.City. ''A
permanent easement'.30 feet wide has been acquired for maintenance
of the supply main from Lily Lake, and for,the site ofthLi-treat-
ment.plant. There@are currently.320 hookups to the Haines'water
System.'

The sewage treatment plant is located on a 15 acre City-owned
parce1of land across the Haines Highway from the U.S. Customs
station, an&adjacent to the State Fairgrounds. *A 150 ft. by
.300 ft.@site houses the 1,200 square1oot structure built in'
1975 which includes a complete laboratory, a sludge dewaterinig
system, and a digester and treatment plant with a 300,000 gallon
per day:capacity. The plant, which provides primary and secondary
:-treatment to sewage collected currently from 350,customers,.is a
modern-facility utilizing a treatment technology designed to
bring,the effluent, which is discharged into tidewater in Portage
Cove@@-to state andfederal standards.

-Also constructed in 1975,.were 80 new-manholes-and 27,000 lineal
feet of.8 inch p.v- *c* sewer mains, two major lift stations with
2,250 feet of force main, and a 4,500 foot outfall line.

The original Port Chilkoot sewer system, like the water system, was
constructed in 1906, and i,ncluded 5,000 feet of terra cotta (clay)
pipe and 14 hand-laid brick manholes. The system in the Haines
town'site was constructed in 1951, and,consisted of 14,500 feet of
concrete mains and 33 manholes. North of the townsite, privately
constructed sewer mains consist of 4,500 feet of 6Anch transite
main and 5 manholes.

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -33-

In addition.to the water and sewer utilities, the Haines Public
Works Department is responsible for maintenance and construction
of roads, parks, cemeteries, drainage improvements and the small
boat'harbor; as well as vehicular maintenance and overhaul for
.all @City departments.

Public works facilities are located on Uni on Street between 5th
6th Avenues on each si'de of the street. A builtoing and-Iot
located at 4th Avenue and Main Street have been declared surplus
to the Department's needs. 'The'2.-27 acre parcel on the north
side of Union Street ts used as a storage and equipment yard,
and@has a 400 square foot'storage t-hed built in the 1950's. The
150' x 250' parcel on the south side of Union Street has'thelmain
maintenance shop which is contained in a 3,575.square foot metal
bui.1ding.'' The parcel is also usedifor equipment parking and storage.

(c).Electric utility Electric power-is-supplied1n the Haines
area by the Haines Light and Power Company, a privately owned
utility located on the south side of Dalton Street between 2nd
and 3rd Av6nu ,es.' The company is owned by George Schnabel.'of
Haines.I The'power plant is on a .150' x'150' parcel of land, and
is-in a reinforced concrete building first built in'1932., An'
addition to the plant constructedin 1956 makes up part ofthe,
3,400 square feet@currently in use.

Peak load capacity of 3,500"KW is produced by 7 diesel electrtc
generators.' The Util'ity servestlectrical power to the entire
Haines community With distribution lines extending as far 'as the
Schnabel Mill on Lutak Road; 3 Mile on the Haines Highway, and
2@miles south of the City to serve the Small Tracts and Mud Bay
Road-area.-There are,presently 519 service 'tonnections'served
by the -.2-8 mi I es- of -tranimi s s i-on 1 i nes.

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -34-

The Schnabel Lumber Company mill has its own diesel generators,
and at times is able to feed excess power back into the town plant.

(d) Solid waste - Garbage and solid wastes are disposed of on a
new 10 acre sanitary landfill site located about a mile south of
the Haines city limit.

The landfill operation as well as the refuse collection is con-
ducted by a private operator, Haines Sanitation Company, as a
City-franchised utility. The equipment used in the solid waste
collection and disposal operation includes a compactor truck,
a 0-4 Caterpillar tractor and a loader, all owned by the private
contractor.

Full refuse collection service is provided to the entire popu-
lated portion of the Borough including the State Parks and Alaska
Marine Highway facility at Lutak Inlet. A vehicle disposal area
is being developed at the landfi-Il.site.

(e) Library - The Haines Public Library.is located on a 50' x 100'
lot on 3rd Avenue between Main Street and the Haines Highway.
The facility is housed in a 1,750 square foot wood frame building
constructed in 1958. The structure is in good condition, and
there is off-street parking space for 4 vehicles on the site.

The Haines Borough owns the land on which the library stands, but
the building itself is owned by the Haines Women's Club, which
operates the facility.

The Haines borough, as part of its educational responsibility,
funds the librarian, and acquisition of new books to add to the
10,000 volume collection currently available. The library provides

R. W. PAVITT..AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase-I) -35-

a lending service to the community, and has seating space for
about fifteen persons in the Wilding. Additional book acqui-
is available through the Inter-libraryLoan Service of
the State Library in Juneau.

M Museum - The Sheldon Museum is presently located on Main
Street between 2nd and-3rd Avenues in 2,400 square feet of leased,
space on the second floor of the Howser and Hyatt Building; a
concrete block structure built in 1974.

The museum houses the Sheldon Collection which*consists of 300
historical publicationt; many items of the gold rush period;
500 items of traditional Tlingit Native arts and crafts, and
historic photographs dep'icting-Native and non-Native cultural
'development in the Haines'area'imthe period 1880-1930.

The'museum is owned by the Chilkat Valley Historical Society,
.,and is operated by its Curator and 6 part'-time volunteers.

(,g) Public safety The important function of public safet@ in
the Haines area is shared by'city* state and federal agencies.
The Haines Police Department a 'he Alaska State Tro-o'pers' are
nd t
the law enforcement agencies, and there is a Magistrate, whose
Court is similar to-a District Court-in the Alaska Judicial
System. The State also maintains a Probation'Office-in;Haines.
Because of the proximity of Haines to the Canadian border, a
stati6n.is staffed by U.S. Custom'S'Service'and U.S. 1. 1mmigration
and Naturalization'Service officers. Fire protection services
are-the responsibility of the Haines Fire Department.
[1] Haines Police Department this function is headquartered
in a 450 square foot reinforced concrete.building constructed

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -36-

in the 1950's which contains a minimal jail facility in addition
to two office spaces. Off-street parking space is available for
4 vehicles on the site located on 2nd Avenue between Main and
Dalton Streets.

The department, which consists of*the Chief of Police and two
Patrolmen, provides full law enforcement coverage to the City,
and cooperates closely with the other public safety organizations.

[21 Alaska State Troopers - The Troopers are headquartered in
450 square feet of leased space in the Howser and Hyatt Build-
ing on Main Street between 2nd and 3rd Avenues.

The office, which consists of.1 Trooper, 1 Fish and Game En-
forcement Officer,, and a full-time secretary, serves the Haines
and Skagway region of Southeast Alaska,in a law enforcement
capacity as well as providing motor vehicle licensing services,
subsistence fishing licenses, and assistance with search and
rescue operations. The station-is well equipped with communi- FM
cations gear which allows direct linkages wi,th Skagway and
,Juneau, as well as contact with mobile units and the Highway'
Department.

[3] Magistrate s Court - The Magistrate, similar to the District
Court in larger communities, hears misdemeanors, civil cases to
$100,000; and serves also as the local recording office, coroner,
Registrar of Vital Statistics, Probate Court, and performs marri-
ages. The Magistrate and a Court Clerk staff the office, which
is located in 900 square feet of leased space in a cast-in-place
concrete building located on Main Street between 2nd and 3rd
Avenues. The space, which is leased from Haisler Hardware, Inc.,
is in good condition and provides 2 off-street parking spaces.

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -37-.

The space is utilized for a large courtroom, the Magistrate's
office, a reception and map room, and a document reproduction

room.

[41 State Probation Office - The State maintains a Probation
Office in 400 square feet of leased second floor space on
Main Street between 2nd and 3rd Avenues.

@The-office, which is staffed by aProbation Officer and-a sec-
retary, provides probation and parole services with qUidance
counseling for juvenile and adult offenders on probation.

Federal customs and immigration services - A 400 square
foot converted wood frame military structure-located at the
-intersection of'Main Street and theflaines Cutoff Highway serves
to house the functions of,the U.S. Customs Service of the Treas-
ury Department, and the Immigration and Naturalization Service
of the U.S. Department of Justice.

2 full time inspectors and 1 part time inspector staff the
station, which serves to administer all U.S. laws and regula-
tions regarding individuals, vehicles and materials crossing
the U*S.4anadian border. U.S.@Department of Agriculture reg-
ulations with respect to foodstuffs and animals are also en-
forced, and records are kept on imported items and,volumes of
traffic :by type.

The Customs Station building, first constructed in the early
1930's, is. in fair condition ast result of good and timely
maintenance work, and is located on a 0.6 acre site which pro-
vides space for the off-street parking of.about 10 vehicles.

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase I) @38-

.[61 Haines Fire Department - The equipment of the Haines Fire
Department is.housed in two locations; in downtown Haines
on the same site as the Poli-ce Department, and on a 100' x 162'
lot in Port Chilkoot on Fort Seward Drive across from the north
corner of the Parade Field.

The downtown station is in,a 500 square foot wood frame buil-
dina constructed in 1948. The Port Chilkoot Station was con-
structed of wood frame in 1906, and contains 840 square feet.
Both stations are owned by the City of Haines.

The fire protection function is staffed by 1 paid.Fireman, and
a volunteer department of 34 trained.men; 1 Chief, 1 Assistant
Chief, 3 Captains, 3 Lieutenants and 26 Firemen. The equip-
ment includes 4 Engine Pump Trucks, a 1,000 gallon Fold-a-Tank,
a jeep with a 300 gallon tank and pump, 2 station wagons, a
modern fully-equipped ambulance and miscellaneous other equip-
ment. Communications gear includes 25 plectron receivers, a
VHF radio base station with mobile units in each vehicle, and
three handsets. 10,000 feet of fire hose is available; 5,000
feet of which is held.in reserve.

(h) Education - The Haines Borough School System provides educa-
tional instruction from Kindergarten through 12th grade as well
as special post-secondary instruction through the Univ ersity of
Alaska and Sheldon Jackson College, and the Alaska Community
College Vocational Education program.

All Haines Borough School facilities are located on a 16 acre
sfte bordered by the Haines Cutoff Highway, 3rd Avenue, and
Allen Road. In addition to the school buildings, the site
accomodates several outdoor recreation areas that include a

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -39-

100' x 100' play area with equipment for the primary children, a
a 2.1 acre field for elementary and junior high use which includes
a baseball diamond and swings; and a full.-size running track and
athletic area currently under development which will serve the
high school students as well as the younger students.

The Primary school- is a wood frame structure built in 1969. It
contains 10,000 square feet of instructional space including a
multi-purpose room, and is staffedby 5 teachers and several
aides and support personnel * The facility serves children from
Kind erga rten through 2nd grade,- and is in good structural and
working condition.-

The Elementary school, serving pupils from*3rd through 6th grades,
is housed-in a wood frame building,containing 28,000 square feet
which was constructed in 1955. Extensive renovations were accom-
plished in 1974, and the elementary structure is in good condition.
.11 classrooms, 2 administrative offices, a media center and a multi-
purpose room serve the instructional requirements of the school
which is staffed by 4teachers, a Principal and his secretary,
.and.support personnel including aides, physical education instruc-
tion, music instruction, other supportive services and custodial
care. The Junior High School facility is contained in a wing built
on to,the Elementary school in 1974; and serves 7th and 8th grade
students in its 16,000 square feet of space., Utilization of the
space includes 7 classrooms and'a gymnasium, the use of which-is
shared with the Elementary school. . 7 teachers and the necessary
support personnel serve the needs of the,junior'high school program.
The facility is in generally excellent condition, and has ' space
adjoining the building for off-street parking for 40 vehicles.

The new Haines High School is housed in a steel frame precast

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -40-

concrete building completed in 1974. The high school facility
includes,a fully equipped gymnasium in its 30,000 square feet.
The modem, well-designed building has a.fully equipped wood-
working shop, a typing room with 17 typewriters and other business
machines, a language lab with console and 12 headphone stations,
a home economics room with staves, sinks, refrigerator and sewing
machines-and a music room with 30 instruments and storage lockers
as well as four sound insulated practice rooms. The well-equipped
gymnasium boasts a full size basketball court with 4 practice bas-
kets and electric scoreboard, and folding bleachers capable of
seating almost 700 people. A media center complete with video
tape equipment, movie projectors, tape and phonograph equipment
and library supplements the 5 classrooms and 7 instructional areas.
The Principal's staff includes 13 teachers, and the necessary aides,
media center personnel, maintenance and custodial cr'ews.

Other than the school principals and their-secretaries, the admin-
istrative staff of the Borough School System consists of the Super-
intendant of Schools and his secretary. The overall educational
program includes supervised summer recreation. School busses, ser-
ving the entire populated area of the Haines Borough, are operated
,on contract by Westoursi Inc.

A pre-school edu cational facility, which also provides some day
care service.has served 50 children in the past year. It is lo-
cated in a recently remodeled wood frame building built in the
.20's on a 90' x 160' site located'on View Drive and First Avenue.
The City of Haines leases the facility to the Haines Pre-School,
which, in addition to a volunteer assistant, is staffed with a
Director/Teacher, 1 Teacher Aide, a Cook and a Custodian. The
4,000 square feet presently in use serves 24 children, and an
additional room is being remodeled to bring the capacity to 36.

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES-INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -41-

M Cultural facilities and services - While social, cultural and
religious institutions of the type reported in this sub-section
are generally not thought of as "community facilities" in the same
sense as water and sewer utilities or public safety functions,
they are A important part of the community, and contribute to
the quality of 'life enjoyed by residents of Haines.

The Chilkat Center for the Arts is located on a 1 acre parcel
of land at Tower Road and Theatre Drive in Port Chilkoot. The
building, which is the equivalent of 3 stories in height, was
completely rebuilt in 1967 as an Alaska Centennial project and
is owned by Alaska Indian Arts, Inc. It is operated jointly by
that non-profit Alaska corporation and the Lynn Canal Community
Players, Inc. Off-street parking is available for 40 cars.

The center has a complete theatrical stage with seating, lobby
space and services to handle up to 300 people. Local play pro-
ductions, visiting concert artists, student performers and the
famous Chilkat Dancers are 611 regular users of the building.
The center is also the home of the biennial State of Alaska
DramaFestival which features drama groups from at least 10
Alaskan communities.

Alaska Indian Arts, Inc. is a non-profit Alaskan corporation
dedicated to the perpetuation of Tlingit arts and crafts. The
operation is housed in a recently remodeled 10,000 square foot
wood frame building which was built in 1906 as the hospital for
Fort William Henry Seward, and is located on a 90' x 218' lot
in Port Chilkoot on Fort Seward Drive.

As many as 20 artisans are @ometimes engaged in the design and
production of Tlingit arts and crafts items, including totem poles,
silver jewelry, carved doors and other graphic arts.

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES. INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -42-

The-Alaska Native Brotherhood and Alaska Native Sisterhood maintain
a 2,400 square foot wood frame building at-the corner of lst.
Avenue and Willard.Street.. The 115' x-153' site provides parking
for 20 cars., and the facility, built in 1974, is irf excellent
condition. The ANB-MS Hall is used for Native cultural events,
and is frequently rented by other community organizations for
recreational and assembly purposes.

The American Legion Hall at the corner of 2nd Avenue and Dalton
Street is a 2,000 square foot building that, in addition to
housing the American Legion meetings and recreational activities,
is also rented for assembly functions by numerous clubs.and orga-
nization@.

The Haines Bill's Club is the local chapter of the Elks Club, and
serves as an assembly hall for the organization as well as a major
recreation facility for local and visiting Elks.

Religious groups which own and operate substantial facilities in
Haines include the Presbyterian Church, the Port Chilkoot Bible
Church, Assembly of God, Catholic Church-and the S alvation Army.
Congregations which rent space for their regular worship services
are the Church of Christ, the Baptist Church and Jehovah's Witnesses.
Worshipping regularly in private homes of their members are the
Mormons and the Baha'is.

Service and civic organizations are also quite active in Haines,
and include the Haines Chamber of Commerce, the Bicentennial Comm-
ittee, The American Legion, iUJS-ANB, The Women's Club, the Elks,
the Business and Professional Women's Club, the Haines Sportsmen's
Association, P.T.A., Chilkat Snowburners, the Haines Arts Council
FH a

and the Lynn Canal Community Players.

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -43-

(j) Recreation and Open Space - Recreation opportunities abound in
the Haines area, and many sectors of the community have assisted
in the construction of the facilities that allow for enjoyment
of the spectacular environnent by residents and visitors alike.
The City of Haines has prepared and adopted a-5 year plan for
the development of recreation areas and connecting trails.

There are 2 privately-developed camper parks in the City of Haines,
onewith 20 spaces adjacent to the Halsingland Hotel in Port Chil-
koot, and one located at I Mile on the Haines Cutoff which also
provides 20 spaces. Two other le ss formal camper parks are lo-
cated on the Chilkat Peninsula, one at Letnikof Cove, and the
other 8 miles south of the city at the end of Mud Bay Road.

The Rainbow Glacier Camp is a Presbyterian-sponsored recreation
camp with a major 1,800 square foot cor.Tnunity building, and
several small cabins. This beautifully situated facility is
located 6 miles south of the City on Chilkat Inlet, and provides
a breathtaking vista of the Rainbow Glacier.

The 8 acre Parade Field in the center of Fort William H. Seward,
provides open space and an authentic Tlingit Indian Tribal House
as well as a log cabin and elevated cache. The area is owned by
Alaska Indian Arts, Inc., and is used for general community rec-
reation as well as a tourist attraction.

The Southeast Alaska State Fairgrounds consist of a 21 acre parcel.
of land which has been under development since 1971. It presently
has 2 large 60' x 120' fair buildings, a corral for horse shows,
covered stalls and a loop access road providing good traffic cir-
culation to and from the Haines Cutoff Highway. The Fair has be-
come a major summer event in Southeast Alaska.

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES. INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -44-

Tlingit Park is a 2.1 acre parcel which was dedicated some 12 F
years ago to the City of Haines. The area has been cleared, and
a covered heavy timber bandstand constructed,. The park, which
overlooks the Portage Cove waterfront between Main Street and
the.Haines Cutoff also contains a'historic cemetery, which has
been cleared and partially reconstructed. Development of Tlingit
Park is continuing at this time.

A system of walking trails is under construction in the City, the
first phase of which will link the Tlingit Park with the boat har-
bor and waterfront, the Presbyterian,Mission properties and Port
Chilkoot. The City's system-of trails is designed to.tie in with
trails;already constructed by the Borough and volunteer groups
which are in the Battery Point, Riley Summit, Lily Lake and Mud
Bay Road areas, as well as with an existing 3 mile trail which
traverses the high.country north of the City to the summit of
Mt. Ripinski.

The Haines Borough is presently developing further recreational
facilities on the school site. A parcel of waterfront property
on the Chilkat River owned by-the Borough is used for a picnic
and camping area.

The Portage Cove Picnic Area and Campgrounds is a 7 acre facility
operated by the State Division of Parks. The area, located on
the south shore of Portage Cove is accessible by Beach Road, and
has facilities for picnicking and tent camping. A large.facility
-is located.at the.head of Chilkoot Lake, 8 miles north of Haines
and is operated by the State as the Chilkoot Lake Picnic Area and
Campgrounds. This substantial recreational development includes
a parking area for 40 vehicles, a boat launching ramp, covered
picnic areas, restrooms and well-developed sites for 60 campers.

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -45-

The State-operated Mosquito Lake Campgrounds is located near Mile
27 on the Haines Cutoff Highway, and has accomodations for pic-
nicking and up to 15 camper vehicles. In addition to a small boat
dock, the facility has a wood storage shed, restrooms and an en-
closed shelter.

A major effort is underway by the-Division of Parks of the Alaska
Department of Natural Resources to complete the planning for the
first phase of development of the proposed 6,000 acre Chilkat
State Park, a facility that will occupy about 2/3 of the land
area on the Chilkat Peninsula. This major State Park will in-
clude a vehicle camper park, trails,'boat launching ramps, tent
camping sites.' a visitor's interpretation center and a replica
of a Native fishing village at Battery Point * Federal (Bureau
of Outdoor Recreation) funding is presently being sought in connec-
tion with this project; and by the City of Haines in order to pro-
ceed with the development of Tlingit Park projects.

M Health and Social Services The Chilkat Valley Medical Center
located in Haines on First Avenue between Willard and Mission
Steets, is the location of several significant health facilities.
The Center is a'50' x 70' wood frame building with a full concrete
basement constructed in 1971 on a 115' x 150' parcel of land which
provides 15 off-street vehicle parking spaces. The facility is
privately owned by Stanley Jones, M.D., who practices medicine
in the building.

Dr. Jones and another physician (General Practitioner) provide
medical services in the diagnosis and treatment of physical prob-
lems of their patients. A pharmacy, some laboratory analysis and
some X-Ray services are available. Referral services to outside
specia'l ists and medical facilities is provided as required.

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES. INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -46-

The U.S. Public Health Service contracts with Dr. Jones to pro-
vide certai'n medical services to Native persons who qualify for
Alaska Native Health Service care.

The Medical Center also has a labor room and a delivery room for
maternity patients, which provides the equivalent of a 3-bed
emergency capability.

The State Department of Health and Social Services leases 550
square feet of space in the basement of the Medical Center. This
space is equip ped with examination tables, immunization supplies,
audiometer, specimen sampling equipment and equipment needed for
basic physical examination by the Public Health Nurse, about half
of whose-time is spent in Haines. (The Nurse also serves Skagway,
Yakutat and Klukwan). The leased space is also'utilized by the
State Regional Psychologist and a State Social Worker, each of
whom make monthly visits to Haines.

The Haines Dental Clinic leases 1,000 square feet of space in the
Medical Center. The.clinic includes two treatment rooms with com-
plete basic dental equipment for provision,of dental services in-
cluding fillings, cleaning, extractions, flouride treatment, root
canals and minor oral surgery. The facility presently is without
a dentist.

(1) Cemeteries - The Haines cemetery facility is located on a 20
acre parcel on Sawmill Road, south of its intersection with 1 Mile
on the Haines Cutoff Highway. 6.5 acres of the land has been de-
veloped and used for burial purposes since 1925.

The facility, which provides space for burial of local citizens
and others desiring burial in Haines, is administered and owned

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -47-

by the City of Haines, and is operated by an appointed volunteer
Custodian/Administrator.

In addition to the City Cemetery, there are three cemeteries in
the Haines area. One of these is the Historical Cemetery located
within Tlingit Park overlooking Portage Cove. This site was used
at the turn of the century by the Presbyterian Mission. There are
about 25 identifiable grave sites;-many with turned wooden fences
and marble headstones with inscriptions. This historic site, which
has suffered from lack of maintenance, has been partially cleared
of underbrush, and is slated for reconstruction,by the Native comm-
unity of Haines as their contribution to the development of the Park.

A large cemetery site, which contains many well-maintained grave-
-sites with turned wooden fences and headstones is located at 4 Mile
on the Haines Highway on the Yendistucky Reservation. This site,
which has been in use for several hundred years, is of considerable
cultural and-historic significance.

Of inestimable archeological and anthropological importance is the
large Native Cemetery at Klukwan. Klukwan was the central village
of the powerful Tlingit nation which at one time dominated much
of Southeast Alaska and the Yukon, and the cemetery contains many
hundreds.of identifiable grave sites and hundreds of other, unmarked

graves.

(m) Communications - The "system" of communications in Haines con-
sists of telephone, cable television and radio, postal service, a
weekly newspaper and a shoppers guide.

Telephone service is provided out to 48 Mile on t he Haines Highway,
to 3 miles south of the City on the Chilkat Peninsula and to 4 miles

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -48-

along the Lutak Road. General Telephone Company of Alaska is the
certificated company providing the service, which includes Direct
Distance Dialing. 516 service connections are currently in use in
Haines on a new,and comprehensive system which has provisions for
up to 800 individual phone services, 8 incoming and 10 outgoing
long distance trunk lines.

General Telephone Co. operates its facilities from a 30' x 40'
brick building located on a 50' x 100' lot at Main Street and
2nd Avenue. The building, constructed in 1973, contains a full
concrete basement, and is in excellent condition. Off-street
parking space for five vehicles is provided on the site.

RCA Alaska Communications, Inc. provides long distance telephone
and.teletype data communications services with a fixed, point-to-
point station. 1 Technician and 1 Operator occupy a 1,600 square
foot wood frame building on Main Street between 4th and 5th Avenues.
The facility, built in 1954, and currently in good condition, pro-
vides off-street parking space for 6 vehicles on its 125' x 280' site.
Some 44 miles of underground cable owned by RCA, which provide ser-
vice to the 42 Mile border station and to the tank farm at 3 Mile
on the Lutak Road, is currently leased to General Telephone Company.

Haines Network Television operates from 360 square feet of leased
space in the basement of the Chilkat Valley Medical Clinic. Two
channels provide 4 week-old television programming from cassette
video tapes, and another channel provides local advertisements as
well as radio programing as broadcast by Station KINY in Juneau.

The Chilkat Valley News is aweekly newspaper (generally) which
publishes local and statewide news items,-local feature stories,
letters to the editor, some advertising, public service announce-

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -49-

ments, legal ads, and a free advertising service for individuals
in the community desiring to buy or sell itemscalled "unclassified
advertisements".. The newspaper enjoys an excellent reputation
statewide, as demonstrated by the fact that about half of the sub-
scribers live outside the Haines area.

The Chilkat Valley News has 10O.square feet of leased space in a
large former barracks building, constructed in 1906, across from
the east side of the Parade Grounds. The newspaper is currently
in its eleventh year of publication.

The Haines Shoppers Guide publishes business advertisements, want
ads, public notices and other information from a 64 square foot
office in the Tradewinds Building on Main Street. Both the Shoppers
Guide and the Chilkat Valley News are printed in Haines by the
Chilkat Press, a local printing service.

The U.S. Postal Service maintains a Second Class Post Office in
Haines in leased space. The building, constructed in the 1950's
is a 36' x 80' wood frame with stucco building in good condition
located on a 100' x 150' parcel-of land on 3rd Avenue between
Main Street and the Haines Highway.

Service consists of a Star Route Delivery one day p ier week up the
Haines Highway, and two days per week to Klukwan. Distribution of
Haines mail is by post office box, of which there are currently 512
in the postal facility, with 100 new boxes to be added this year.
Mail is sent and received daily at the Post Office utilizing the
services of chartered air carriers, and the facility also distrib-
utes@ federal government forms and information bulletins, as well
as posting state and local government notices. I Postmaster, 1
part-time Mailman, and 3 Mail Distribution Clerks are employed.

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES, INC. -

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -50-

A communications facility consisting of an unmanned radio direction
finder transmitter, which broadcasts a continuous radio signal, is
operated by the Federal Aviation Agency (FAA) on a 110 acre parcel
of land located 112 mile southeast of the city limits.. The facility,
which consists of a transmitter in a 1,200 square foot.wood frame
building, and two steel transmission towers, is maintained periodi-
cally by FAA inspection personnel, and is in good condition.

(6) Transportation Facilities and Services

Haines, because of its strategic position at the head of the Inside
Passage, and its accessibility via the Haines Cutoff Highway to the
Yukon and Interior Alaska, is an important transportation hub in
Southeast Alaska.

(a) Surface transportation - In the overall planning area, the
State of Alaska maintains 26.5 miles of roadways which include;
9 miles of road to the Chilkoot Lake Campgrounds, about 1/2 of
which is presently paved; 8 miles of improved gravel road south
of Haines to the Mud Bay Road turnaround; 7.5 miles of the paved
Haines Cutoff Highway, and 2 miles of gravel service roads to pub-
lic facilities and subdivisions outside the city limits. The
State Highway Department also maintains over 2 miles of roadways
within the City, more than I mile of which is presently paved. A
number of road improvements are scheduled for the summer of 1976
including the repaving of Lutak Road to the Ferry Terminal; Main
Street in Haines; Union Street; a portion of Mud Bay Road south
of the City, and the Haines Cutoff Highway from its terminus in
Haines to Mile 5.

State roadways are maintained by the Highway Department maintenance
crew stationed at a 6.5 acre site located at Main and Union Streets.
2 large wood frame structures, built in the 40'sPand a 500 square

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

Haines,Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -51-

foot wood frame storage building house warm storage and equipment
maintenance functions. Major road maintenance equipment operated
from the Highway Department's Haines Maintenance facility include
2 road graders;'4 dump trucks with wing blade attachments for snow
clearance; 2 loaders, 1 with a snowblower; 1 crane; a Cat tractor;
1 brushcutter and 2 pickup trucks. Services provided are mainten-
ance, repair and minor construction on all State-maintained roads
in the Haines area, as well as mechanical maintenance and repair
to equipment operated by the Department and the other State aqencies
in the area. The crew of 10, which includes a Foreman, 2 Mechanics,
1 Clerk and 6 Equipment Operators also maintains the Haines Airstrip
on contract for the Alaska Division of Aviation.

Nearly 9 miles of city streets are owned and maintained by the City
of Haines. The maintenance and repair of these streets, as well
as snow cl earance, is a respo nsibility of the Haines Public Works
Department.

Three bus companies provide surface transportation:
[11 Mar-Air Bus Company Limousine service to and from the
Airport and Ferry Terminal; sightseeing charter and Haines
Highway charter as far as Whitehorse. 2 eleven passenger
busses and 1 thirty-two passenger bus are presently operated,
with a 41 passenger motor coach soon to be in service.
[21 Alaska Yukon Motor Coaches - Operates between Haines and
Anchorage three times weekly (summer schedule) as a common
carrier transporting individuals as well as tour groups. 6
motor coaches are currently in service.
[3] Westours, Inc. - School bus service on contract with the
Haines. School system. 3 forty-four passenger school busses
are operated during the school year, and are maintained and

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -52-

stored at.a covered bus parking structure located at 1/2 Mile
on the Haines Highway.

Also providing surface transportation services in Haines are
two freight transport companies:
[11 Eagle Transfer - Freight-shipping and receiving ser-
vices from the waterfront to the community for Foss Alaska
Lines. 1 Owner/Operator, l' Office Manager and 2 Warehouse-
men operate from a 22,000 square foot concrete block ware-
house in good condition. 2 tractors, 1 van truck, a lowboy
trailer and a fork lift are used in the companies operations.
[2] Lynden Transport - Wallace Garage is the Haines-agent
for this transport organization, which ships freight to and
through Haines to all points. 1 Freight Handler and 1 book-
@keeper are the personnel of this operation which trucks
northbound freight, and loads southbound materials on the
State ferries.

(b) Marine Transporta'tion - Haines'location at the northern end
of the Inside Passage, and the sheltered deepwater natural har-
bor potential of Lutak Inlet, make the community particularly
appropriate for marine transportation activiti'es. Portage Cove,
immediately adjacent to the townsite, also contains several
marine facilities, although it is neither as sheltered or as
deep a harbor location as.Lutak Inlet.

The Lutak Dry Cargo Dock was constructed in the early 50's by
the U.S. Army. The dock has a 1,000 foot long face and a heavy
timber fender system. Ownership of the facility still rests
with the federal government, although the State of Alaska, which
utilizes the south 350 feet of the dock for its Marine Highway

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -53-

terminal facilities, leases the entire property from the U.S.
Government. Negotiations with the General Services Administra-
tion (GSA) are currently underway which, if ultimately success-
ful, would bring the northern 2/3 of the dock into the ownership
of the City of Haines; and the Ferry facilities under State own-
ership. The 650 foot of general cargo dock north of the Ferry
facility is presently leased on contract to commercial users.
Fender system improvements are needed to this section of the dock.
The portion of the facility used by the Ferry System is now in
excellent condition, with structural improvements and maintenance
recently completed. The entire facility.is located about 5 miles
north of Haines via the Lutak Road.

The,Army also constructed in the early 50's, a POL Dock (Petro-
leum - Oil - Lubricants) about 1 1/2 miles south of the Dry
Cargo Dock. This facility, built in connection with the U.S.
Government Tank Farm and the 8 inch diameter pressure pipeline
for the transportation of petroleum products to military install-
ations in Fairbanks, was deactivated by the federal government
three years ago. The dock consists of a concrete and steel pier-
head and approach structure, and 2 concrete and steel dolphins.
Product pipelines run from the dock to the 12 large storage
tanks located on the 80 acre reservation. Located on the reser-
vation are a number of facilities including 10 major buildings
which provided family housing; equipment maintenance and storage
shops, and office space. While the facility is connected to the
.electric power distribution system of Haines Light & Power Co.,
it is equipped/ with standby generating capacity, and has its own
water source and distribution system.

Port Chilkoot Dock is located on the shore of Portage.Cove at the
foot of Portage Street. This venerable facility was built at the

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES. INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -54-

time of great military activity at Fort Seward, and has undergone
substantial modification, reconstruction and repair projects over
the years; a major rebuilding in the 1950's being the most recent
improvement. While the dock was, at one time, the principal fa-
cility for cruise ships and freight, the only present user of the
dock is the Standard Oil Company, whose petroleum products are
off-loaded and transported through a pipeline to a tank farm lo-
.cated on the waterfront some 800 feet from the dock. The facility,
presently owned by the Haines Highway and Terminal Company, is in
poor condition and will* require major structural rebuilding to
again become an important marine transportation facility.

Another privately-owned facility is the Schnabel Lumber Company
dock located on Lutak Inlet at the company's mill. This 1,000
foot long dock is used for the loading of wood products, and has.
an average water depth of 40 feet at the face.

The Union Oil Dolphin and underwater P-6L pipeline at the Port
Chilkoot waterfront on Portage Cove is owned by Gulf Oil of Canada,
Limited; and is used by that company for the transport'of petroleum
products from Vancouver, B.C. into the Yukon Territory. Union Oil
Comp@ny utilizes this facility for local off-loading and distribu-
tion of its petroleum products.

The Haines Small Boat Harbor is located on the Portage Cove water-
front at the foot of Main Street.. The 300' x 400' harbor area pro-
tected by a rock filled and armored 900' long breakwater, was con-
structed in 1958. Heavy timber floats with styrofoam flotation
are sufficient to accomodate 18 stalls for small boats, 34 stalls
for boats from 24 to 40 feet, and float-side moorage for 4 large
boats up to 80 feet in length. A concrete ramp for boat launching
is approached from Main Street, and the "grid" for minor maintenance

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES. INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -55-

is located on-the northeast corner of the Harbor. Electrical and
water utilities are available to boats in the harbor, and refueling
is accomplished by hose and tanker truck. There is off-street
parking for 20 vehicles adjacent to the Small Boat Harbor. The
facility is owned by the State of Alaska, and is operated and main-
tained by the City of Haines. The Harbormaster is the principal
employee involved in administration of the facility, with backup
from the Public Works Department for maintenance and repair. The
Haines Small Boat Harbor is the primary community facility for
moorage of fishing boats, pleasure craft, work boats and transient
watercraft. L ightering facilities for cruise ship passengers are
presently mini mal.

The City and State join tly maintain a small boat moorage facility
at Letnikof Cove, 5 miles south of the city on Mud Bay Road. This
temporary facility has accomodated up to 200 fishing boats during
stormy periods in the fall. The wood piles and floats have been
severely damaged by storms and winter removal from the water, and
beneficial use of this facility would necessitate a completely new
installation.

Foss Alaska, and Lynden Transport both provide marine transport of
freight between Seattle and Haines by use of vans placed aboard the
ships of the Alaska Marine Highway. Lynden Transport provides cus-
tom freight service to Haines, while Foss Alaska redistributes
freight to other points from its receiving station in Juneau. Both
companies provide a basic weekly freight service, with more fre-
quent service when required.

The Royal Viking Line is scheduling three cruise ships into Haines
in the summer of 1976. Several other lines operating in Southeast
Alaska waters have landed in Haines in the past, but lack of

R. W. PAVITTAND ASSOCIATES, INC.

Raitnes Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) .-56-

adequate dockside and on-shore facilities'in the community have
caused a decline in landings.-

.(c) Air Transportation The Haines Airport is located 3 miles
northwest of the city on the Haines Highway. @The facility is on
&'30 acre site owned by the State of ATaska. The State maintains
44,100' landing strip of asphalt treated gravel, 50' in-'width.
There are 4:hangar structures With-me in use by commercial' air-
craft, and the others-by private, owners. All of the hangars are
on surveyed.lots owned'and leased by the State Division of@Aviation.
A 25" x 40" Terminal building has been constructed at the, airport, but
is not currently in use by either of the air services in Haines.
Parking for vehicles is plentiful in terms of space, but the taxi-
way used by aircraft 'is also'used foy-vehicle access which creates
a dangerous:situation. Electric power is not presently available
at:the airport,'and no landing strip li:ghting is present. The
Division of Aviation has no personnellin Haines, but'contracts with
the State Highway Department to provide snow removal and maintenance
to the'runway.

Two commercial.air services use the facility as well as about 10
private ai-rcraft owned by Haines residents.:
[11 L A B_ Flying Service - Owned by Layton A. Bennett of Haines,
LAB has an office on Main and 4th in Haines. Their airport fa-
cility consists of a' refueling station and tie-down facilities
on land leased from the Division ofAviation. LAB bases 2 pilots
in Haines along with three aircraft and a local staff of 3 Dis-
patchers and a Bookkeeper. The fi rm's 10 aircraft serve Haines
and the remainder of Southeast Alaska on a charter flight basis,
and provides scheduled mail service on c onract with the U.S. Postal
Service. Charter flights for scenic Southeast tours and custom
freight service is 'also provided. It is estimated that LAB is

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -57-

currently carrying passenger traffic in excess of 6,000 per year.
[21 Southeast Skyways _Inc. - This Juneau-based and owned fi rm
serves Haines with regularly scheduled air carrier service on a
daily basis. The normal summer schedule includes 4 flights per
day, with.2 flights per day in winter. Freight service is also
provided, and charter service is available. Southeast Skyways
maintains an office in Haines on the Corner of Main St. and
3rd Avenue, and has I Pilot and 2 Agent/Dispatchers stationed
locally. Close to 4,000 passengers per year are transported by
this carrier.

R. W. PAVITT AND A.SSOCIATES. INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -58-'

II.- ECONOMIC BASE STUDY

This-chapter of.the plan studies the
economic.aspects of the Haines area, and
discusses the various sectors of the
economy., It also provides population
analysis and projections as necessary to
@relate the current status of the community
to the economic-development opportunities.
A." ANALYSIS OF THE CURRENT STATUS"OF THE HAINES ECONOMY

(1) flaines-Average Annua1Employment-Survey
(a) Purpose - The purpose of this survey is to provide,..in-formation
on employment in the Haines area economy. Specific information on
Haines has not been generated by the Alaska Department of Labor.
Instead, since 1963, Haines has been recorded as part of the Lynn
Canal-Icy Straits Labor Area which also,includes Skagway, Hoonah,
Gustavus, and Yakutat. Attempts to use Lynn Canal-Icy Straits
Labor Area data for the purpose of gaining knowledge and under-
standing of Haines have been futile because the communities
are very different in employment composition, and general infor-
mation for all of them cannot accurately be applied to Haines.

This survey provides information on the quality, type, and
seasonality of employment in Haines for the first time, and
establishes basic economic data for local planning.

(b) Methodology_ - A questionnaire was designed to be answered by
all employers in the Haines area. The questions sought information
on current employment, employment by month for 1975 and 1976, full-
time and part-time-work, manpower availability, use of non-'
resident labor,-job titles, and some payroll information.
The questionnaire also sought open-ended comments from employers
concerning the local economy.

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase I) _59-

A master list of all businesses and government units in the
Haines area was prepared. In order that no source of employment
was missed, the list was drawn up from four sources:

1. 1975 State of Alaska Business License Directory
which lists everyone with a business license with
a Haines zip code. There were 213 listings.
Haines telephone directory.
3. Alaska Industrial Directory of Employers.
4. Local knowledge.

After compiling this list,@several local people reviewed it
and deleted businesses no longer in existence; made necessary
name changes, and corrected other errors. The result was an
up-to-date list of active businesses and government units which
totalled 118.

These were distributed to 12 volunteer interviewers in mid-April,
1976 who went out into the community and administered the question-
naires to the businesses-and government units. 108 responses were
received for almost complete coverage of the Haines area economy.
Those not responding were questionable or marginal operations of
little economic significance.

it i.s judged that the employment shown for April 1976 is quite
close to that which actually existed in Haines at the time.
Employment figures for other months are slightly less accurate
because they rely on past recall as far,back as January 1975.

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES. INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -60-,

The completed questionnaires were tallied and analyzed,,and
the results are presented in this section.

(2) Other Surveys
In addition to the employment by local firms and government agencies
there were two major sources of-employment which were accounted for with
other methods.
(a) Since fishermen were not includedith Department of Labor
data, thei.r.number was estimated by surveying,one-thi,rd of the
active gillnet entry permit holders residing in Haines. The
questionnaire asked for months spent fishing, type of fish caught,
persons assisting them@ areas fished and supplementary fncome

sourcos.@

A master list of'permit and license holders was obtained"from the
Commercial Fisheries Entry Commission so the number of permit
holders was known. Local knowledge was used to identify which
permit holders were actively engaged in the fishery. 'The survey
provided i'nformation-to estimate the number of fishermen who'
assist the permi't holders. The results of this survey are pre-
sented in the fisheries section.

The other source of employment not covered by the survey was
employment of Haines residents on the trans-Alaska pipeline con-
struction project. No state or-union'records- were available to
res earch this, so local knowledge was relied on entirely.
Several long-time area residents made a concerted effort to identify
persons working on the pipeline in April, 1976. After an hour
of discussion of each name, a total of 43 Haines residents was

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES. INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -61-

positively identified as currently working on the pipeline. Thus,
at the time of the survey the trans-Alaska pipeline project was
revealed to be the third largest employer of Haines residents.

(3) Results of Average Annual Employment Survey
(a) Current Employment - At the time of the Haines employment
survey, there were 472 persons employed by businesses and govern-
ment un-its in the Haines area. An additional 43 persons were
employed as construction workers on the trans-Alaska pipeline
project.

Major individual employers at the time were Ha ines School District
(59 employees) and Schnabel Lumber Company (56 employees). The
Alaska Department of Labor-reported Haines unemployment for April
as 158.

Thus at the time of the survey, the Hai,nes economy appea red this

.way:

Haines Economy April, 1976
Employment 472
Pipeline Employment 43
Total Haines Residents Working 515

Unemployment 158
Total Area Labor Force 673
Percent Unemployed 23.5

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -62-

Self-employed persons accounted for just over 15 percent of those
.working in Haines. Of the total. employees,, 76'percent were working
in full-time jobs while 24 percent were part-time employees.
The bulk of the part-time work was in the trade and service sector
of the economy. 46 percent, or nearly half of the jobs in these
twosectors were part-time jobs.

-The largest concentration of self-employed people was-al,so in trade
and service. 57 ofithe 72 self-employed persons work in these
sectors.

..The largest emRloyer in terms of.sectors was the trade sector with
.125 persons working.. Manufacturing was next with 92 followed by
_:_-local,government.with 84,-the,bulk of which were school.employees.
The service sector occupied 63 people, while transportation and
state government each employed 32. 14 persons worked for the
Federal@Government, 12 were.-employed in communications and public
utilities, 10 in finance, insurance and real estate and 8-persons
were engaged in construction-related work.

Payroll information'was attempted but the question.was optional
and too few persons el:ected to answer the pa roll-question to
allow for meaningful statistics..

(b) 1975 Employment - One extremely important result of the survey
was a fairly accurate reconstruction of the Haines economy for the
entire year 1975. This is perhaps the.most enlightening infor-
mation contained in this economic base study. Table No. 3
shows employment by sector and by month and allows us to see
seasonal changes of each part of the economy. See Table 3 on
page 67.

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -63-

The low month employment for the year 1975 was in January with 471
persons working. The high point was July with 736 employed, including
fishermen. This constitutes a dramatic seasonal fluctuation
with the peak 56.3 percent higher than the low. November employ-
ment dropped to 510 from 725 in September; a drop of almost 30
percent in a period of just two months.

The data for 1975 are likely to be somewhat underestimated because
firms operated in 1975 which were not covered in the 1976 survey.
Only firms an@ government agencies operating in Haines in April,
1976 were possible to survey.

Construction, fishing and manufacturing were the major causes of
the seasonal fluctuation. Only the local government sector
operated in reverse, with less employment in the summer because of
school being closed. Federal government, and finance, in surance
and real estate employment remained the same each month. Com-
munications and public utilities employment.-rose by only one person
for the summer.

Trade, service and transportation, which together comprise over 40
percent of the economy, had moderate seasonal changes.

Table 1 shows total-employment; self-employment, full and part-
time employment and the number of firms and government agencies
in-the Haines area at the time of the survey, which was conducted
in mid-April. Self-employed plus employees equals total employment.
Full-time plus part-time employees equals the employees column.

R. W. PAVITT AND. ASSOCIATES.. IN-C.-

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1), -64-

TABLE I
Haines Area Employment, April 1976

Self- Full- Part-
Sector Firms Total Employed Employees Time Time

Construction 4) 8 4 4 4 0
Manufacturing (.10) 92 5 87 78 .9
Transportation (-8) 32 4 28 19 9
Comm. & Pub. U. 5) 12,. 1 1.1 .9 2
Trade (38) 125 34 91 54, 37
Fin. Ins. & R.E.( 2) 10 1 9 8 1
Servi.ce, @(24) _63 23 40 17 23
Fed. Gov. 3) 1.4. .14 13
Local Gov. 4) 84. 0 -84 72, 12,
State.Gov.. 32 0 32 31. 1
Total (108). 472 72: 305 95
Trans-Alaska-
Pipeline 43 0 43 43 0
Total, Incl.
Pipeline. 515 72 443 348 95

Source: Haines Average Annual Employment Survey, City of
Haines, April.1976.

Note:..There are differences between-these survey results.which show 472
persons employed and the employment by month which shows 496 persons
employed. The difference of 24 is accounted'for by differences in
employment between the week of the survey and in employer's estimates of
employment for the whole month of April. Major differences were
transportation, where no longshoremen were working at the time of the
survey but 42 were estimated for the month; and in trade where 14 more
people were actually working than were estimated for the month.

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES. INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -65-

We can see what changes have occurred in Haines employment by comparing
the results of the April 1976 survey with information from the March
1975 Overall Economic Development Plan (OEDP) report.

This comparison shows a drop of 151 jobs from 623 in 1975 to 472 in
1976. Almost all.of the loss was in manufacturing (lumber mills) and
in transportation (longshoring). Table 2 shows these changes. (See
Table 2 on page 66).

A part of the Average Annual Employment Survey collected information from
employers on monthly employment for 1975 and 1976 to date. The infor-
mation which resulted provides the first accurate information on Haines
seasonal employment patterns in each sector of the economy. Table 3
shows employment for each month in 1975 and the average for the year.
Unemployment-data was available only for December, and that is shown at
the bottom of Table 3. (See-Table 3 on page 67).

The information is presented in Table 3 in a manner very similar to the
way the Department of Labor will produce Haines Labor statistics in the
future. This 1975 information can then be compared to future years and
be useful for quite some time.

We can identify the courses of seasonal employment change by combining
similar types of employment. Table 4 does this for 1975, and shows
that the combination of construction, manufacturing and fishing, is the
most seasonal group of sectors in the Haines economy. Table 5 provides
the statistics which are portrayed in the graph in Table 4. (See
Tables 4 and 5 on page 68).

Employment information from the survey is quite accurate for 1975 and
up to April 1976. Beyond April 1976 are estimates which cannot be
considered as accurate. They are estimates and are not taken from past

R. W. PAYITT-AND ASSOCIATES. WC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -66-:-

TABLE 2
Employment Changes,1975-1976
Haines'Area Economy

March April
1 2
1975 1976 Change
Construction: .19 8 -21*
Manufacturing 221 92 -129
Transportation 65 32 - 33
comm. & PublJc Util. 17.: 1Z: 5.
Trade
113.- 125 12
Fin@. Ins. &:R.-E. 11: 10 1
Service 56'.. @63 7
Fed. Gov.:
@15 14:11, 1
-Local Gov.!: 68: 84, + 16
State Gov. 28,. 32 + 4,
623 472 -151

1. Source:.: 1975 OEDP report. The employment shown in the OEDP.report
was sorted into the-appropriate.sector to make it.comparable to data
from the 1976 survey. The two sets of Idata are similar but not entirely
comparable. The 1975 survey was a phone survey which sought average
annual employment based on estimates of employers. It is not entirely
employment which existed in March, 1975. Construction and manufacturing
are higher than actual for March because of high seasonal peaks. 'The
two surveys agreed within 2% (373 vs.. 380) on.-the 19.75 average annual
employment for all other sectors.
2._5ource: Haines.Average AnnualEmployment Survey,,April 1976.

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES. INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -67-

TABLE 3
Haines Monthly Employment, 1975

i F M A M J J A S 0 N D Avq.
Const. 4 5 5 6 5 31 32 31 29 31 11 11 16
Mfg. 152 148 145 177 174 193 218 206 177 173 121 102 166
Transp. 42 74 77 69 47 75 90 78 87 55 60 '85 70
Comm. & -

P.U. 11 11 11 11 11 12 12 12 11 11 11 11 11
Trade 100 101 102 108 116 129 133 132 125 121 .113 115 116
Fin.,Ins.
& R.E. 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 1.0 10 10 10 10 10
Service 42 50 44 56 60 74 71 68 70 65 63 58 60
Gov. 116 111 111 -113- 80 85 100 136 127 121 135 112
Fed. 14 14 14 14 14 14 '14 14 14 14 14 14 14
Local 65 71 6.6 65 66 28 33 49 85 81 76 90 65

State 31 31 31 32 33 38 38 37 37 32 31 31 34

Total
Empl. 471 515 505 548 536 604 651 637 645 593 510 527 561
Fishing 9 20 70 85 85 80 20 31
Total 471 515 505 557 556 674 736 722 725 613 510 527 593

Unempl oyment 157
Percentage 23.0%

Source: Hain es Average Annual Employment Survey City of Haines, April
1976.

R. W. PAVITTAND'ASSOCIATES-INC..-

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -68-

TABLE 4
Seasonal Changes in Haines Employment, 1975
Selected.Sectors

Month

i F M A M J J A S 0 N D
900
All Employment

600

500
Construction,,Manufacturing & Fishing
400
Transp'n, Trade'& Service
300

200
lOO:-- Fin, Ins. &' R.E...; Comm. &'P.U.; Fed.: Gov t.-

0
J :F M A :@M --J J S 0 D

Month

TABLE 5
Seasonal Changes in Haines Employment, 1975
Selected Sectors,
J F@ A M- J J A S 0 N :-D Avq.
Const, Mfg
& Fishing" 156 153 150' 192 '199-294 335 322 286 224 132 113 214
Fed, FIRE &
Comm.,@& PU 35 35 35 35 35 35 36 36 36 35 35 35 35
Transp'n.,
Trade and 184 225 223 233 223 278 294 278 282 241 236 258 246
Service
Total Empl. 471 515 505 557 556 674 736 722 725 613 510 527 593

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -69

records as was the 1975 information. Also, they include no new
happenings such.as construction or mill reopening. Readers of Table
6 should consider the May-December statistics as only reporting the
results of the survey and not as a realistic estimate of what may
actually occur in the Haines economy for the balance of 1976.

TABLE 6
Haines Monthly Employment, 1976

Estimated: Assuming no mills operate,
Actual - no longshoring and no construction

Const. 6 6 8 8 8 9 9 9 8 8 8 8
Mfg. 100 94 94 93 41 42 41 40 38 32 31 34
Transp. 71 64 71 74 70 47 47 47 48 47 45 44
Comm. &
P.U. 11 11 11 11 11 12 12 12 11 11 11 11
Trade 100 102 108 111 120 130 '130 128 122 118 11-2 115
Fin.,Ins.
& R.E. 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10
Service 58 62 64 63 67 72 75 73 71 62 59 54
Gov. 139 139 124 126 125 126 73 89 131 126 125 125
Fed. 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14
Local 94 94 80 80 78 74 21 38 80 80 80 80
State 31 31 30 32 33 38 38 37 37 32 31 31

Total
Empl. 495 488 490 496 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Fishing 9 20 70 85 85 80 20
Total 495 488 490 505
Unempl. 198 281 75 158
% Unempl. 28.7 36.5 13.3 24.2

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES.' INC.-

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -70-

(c) Business Starts -A summary of the results of the question
'.which asked,@'year busi ness originafly established" is a sketch of
-Ha-ines' growth.

Not every business,replied to the question. 68 responded as did
nine government units. The oldest unit was Klukwan Day School
(1905) while Sourdough Pizza was theyoungest, starting in February
1976. Haines Packing Po.. was the,oldest responding business,
originating in 19T7.

..Year,Business Originally Established

Year No. Established
-1976 4
1973-75
17
1970-72 15
-1965-69 TO
1960-64 10
1955-59 8
:1950-54
6
1940-49 .2
1930@39 I
1920-29 1
1910-19 2
1900-09 1
Total 77
Growth in busi ness was significant in the 1960's'when Schnabel
Lumber Co. expanded early in the decade following a mill fire in
1960, while AF-P began operations in 1.965.. The most pronounced
growth in new businesses which still operate was in the early

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES. INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -71-

1970's,- with 22 starts for 1970-75 compared to 20 for the entire
decade of the 1960's. This was a result of additional mill employ-
ment, excellent fishing years which made money available (several
fishermen own"businesses locally), rapid increase in government
employment, increased tourism and other ferry traffic and pipeline-
related activity.

A number of factors boosted the local economy in the early 70's.
This rise was not caused solely by the timber industry, although
the industry was certainly important in the economy of the area.

(b) Manpower Availability - Almost all of the needs of the Haines
economy are met by the local l,abor force. Most businesses and
government agencies reported no difficulties filling their
positions, and almost all drew from the local area even during
peak seasonal needs.

The timber industry--drew signi.fica-ntly from [email protected]
logging employees, but most logging is actually conducted outside
the.Haines area anyway. The mills, even at peak times, took 85%
of their labor from the local area with only 15% from outside the

area.

There were several employers expressing a need for skilled or
specifically trained people such as:

--skilled mechanics
--airplane pilots
--trained motel employees
--electronic technicians
--beauty operators

R. W. PAVITT AND -ASSOCIATES, INC...

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) .42-1

The demand appears -to be-for goodg wel-l-trained people in these
areas, rath&`than just anyone workiing in these occupations..

The same:demand applies to jobs in less skilled.areas..

Bartenders, cooks, waitresses, tour bus drivers, sales personnel
and dispatchers were jobs which employers reported difficulty
filling w1th "good" people,.: Of cours'e some,of these are low
paying,,and quality employees can't always be expected at low
wages.

Finally, s.ome jobs requiring extensive.education, training and
exper-ience@were`hard:tG fill-from the local labor pool. Super-
viso,ry and technical jobs in government and-accounting skills in
business were needed., Also supervisory people for mill work were
hard to find.

In general, the Haines labor pool" does not meet all the area's
d-emand:for-supervisory technical and@skilled jobs.

Most of the jobs in-the Haines area do not require a-high degree
of skill, training or education, according to the titles listed
by employers. Similarly, most of the area's unemployment is
accounted for by people having job experience in semi-ski1led
or unskilled work, judging from an analysis of Haines employment
requests in 1975-76.

(4)_ Results of Fishermen's Survey
A survey of one-third of the Haines area entry permit holders was
taken to determine the importance of commercial fishing.to the local
economy.

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES. INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -73-

Incom6\data is confidential and not available, but this survey and other
research on fisheries provides this picture of the importance of
fishing in Haines:

There are 57 salmon gillnet entry permit holders residing in Haines who
are actively engaged in the fishery. 20 of the salmon permit holders
also hold licenses for halibut, but local sources indicate that
perhaps only 8 of these make significant catches of halibut. The
others participate during extended salmon closures, or only when halibut
prices are exceptionally high. 8 fishermen are licensed for crab and
only a few are licensed for the herring fishery, which is a very brief,
limited fishery in the early spring. Commercial salmon trolling is
nearly nonexistent in the Haines'area.

In the survey, gillnetters indicated almost exclusive dependency on
fish bound for river systems in the immediate area. None of the
respondents to the questionnaire said they gillnetted outside the Lynn
Canal area. Many other gillnetters in Southeast Alaska fish several
areas with Haines being most heavily fished in the fall. There are,431
gillnet permits for fishing in Southeast Alaska of which 294 are resident
Alaskans and 137 are non-residents.

Thus, the Haines fleet is primarily a gillnet fleet fishing almost
exclusively in the immediate Haines (Lynn.Canal) area. Any change in
fishing-pressure, environmental factors and management policy in the
Haines area would have heavy impact on Haines fishermen. It is critically
important to the economic well being of the fishing fleet that the
Chilkat and Chilkoot systems be managed wisely.

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1)' -74-

It is-estimated from the survey that a total of 80 to 90 Haines residents
are engaged-in fishing each year. This is based on 57 gillnetters with
permits who are known to be active. 59% of these fish alone for salmon
while 41% have someone fishing with them. 40% of them also fish halibut
and have someone helping them. 57 active permit holders plus 23
helpers gives. a total of 80 individuals fishing from as early as April
for halibut and herring to.early October when the fall chum and coho
seasons end.

Obv-iously, there is some duplication and some instances of permit
holders fishing together as partners or fami-lies. This would lower
the actual number. By adding the few trollers, halibut,fishermen
without gillnet permits and crabbers, the total number of fishermen
is raised again. Our best estimate places the number of active fisher-
men.living in Haines at a-low of80 and a high of 90.

Their degree of economic dependency on fishing is unknown but it is
very likely high for a couple of reasons. The 57 permit holders had
to be historically dependent on fishing income in order to qualify
for permits. Also the Lynn Canal catch has been one of the most con-
sistent in Alaska during a period of skyrocketing fish prices which
have enhanced fishermen's gross income considerably in recent years.

About 1/3 of the fishermen surveyed had no other source of income
while 2/3 worked at other jobs in the off-season.

Based on questionnaire results', the following is an estimate of the
number of Haines residents engaged in fishing of all kinds by month:

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES. INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -75-

Estimated Number
of Haines
Month Fishermen Active

April 9
May 20
June 70
July 85
August 85
September 80
October 20

(5) Unemployment and Public Assistance Programs
Unemployment is a useful way to show the status of.a local economy such
as Haines. It was difficult to-obtain Haines unemployment because it
has not been recorded separately until December 1975. Furthermore, the
method of reporting this i nformation is not entirely accurate but is
expected to be refined in the future.

Table 7 gives an approximate idea of the number of people in Haines
receiving Unemployment Compensation. Based on this information, it
is estimated that unemployment ranges between 150 and 200 in the winter
and early spring.

TABLE 7
Unemployment Claims, 1976 to Date
Lynn Canal-Icy Straits Labor Area

1976 Haines Skagway-Yakutat Total

January 198 231 429
February 281 150 431
March 75 211 286
April 158 264 422

Source: Alaska Department of Labor.
(Unemployment is defined as the number of pers'ons claiming unemploy-
ment compensation each month.

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -76

It is important to consider the type of skills held by unemployed per-
sons residing in Haines. This indicates the type of developmen 't which is
most likely to aid employment in the area. Table 8 shows the skills
reported by 111 employment applicants residing in the Haines area.

The table shows that timber-related, transportation and construction
skills are in surplus in the Haines area. Thus mill work, transportation
and construction would help reduce unemployment.

TABLE 8
Employment Applications of Haines Residents
to Employment Office, 1975-1976

Timber Related Transportation
Logging 9 Truck Driver 10.
Sawmill Workers 9 Longshoring 8
Millwrights 2 Pilot 1
20 Cab Driver 1
20

Construction Service, Trade
Fp-erating Engineer 15 Clerical, Sales 11
Mechanic 4 Janitorial, Main. 6
Oiler 4 Waitress 4
Electrician 2 Cook 2
Painters 2 Baker's Helper I
Welders 2 24
29

Other
General Labor 4
Fishermen 4
Agricultural Workers 2
Miscellaneous 8.
18

Total,-- Ill

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES. INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -77-

The existence of public assistance programs in the Haines area was
examined to show the impact on the income of Haines residents. The
data is for October 1975, but there has been little change since then.
according to state officials interviewed.

Food stamp recipients are up from 1 a Year ago to an estimated 20-25 in
April, 1976; about half of which stamp recinients are families.

Table 9 shows public assistance recipients for Haines, Klukwan and
the total area.

TABLE 9
Public Assistance Program Monthly Payments
Haines Area, October 1975

Haines
Public Assistance Haines Klukwan Total Area
Program ..No. Amt. No. Amt. No. Amt.
Old Age Assista-nce $ 171 7 36 7 TO '$' 538
Aid to the Blind 1 167 1 2 247
Aid to the Disabled 4 475 2 199 6 674
Aid to Families w/
Dependent Children. 10 3,155 0 .0 10 3,155
Total 18 $3,968 10 $646 28 $4,614

Source: Alaska Department of Health and Social Services.
Note: -- The purpose of this information is to show the extent of public
assistance programs in the Haines area. The total appears quite small
for an area of 2,000 persons. Public assistance plays only a very
minor role in the local economy.

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES. INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -78-

(6) Sectors of the Haines Economy
The following discussion looks at the Haines economy by employment
sector. This is because all employment statistics are maintained by
sector, and in turn the Haines Average Annual Employment Survey-was
accomplished by sector.

Much of this discussion is based on information from the survey.

(a) Mining @ There is currently no active mining in the area which
could be considered to have employment. Except for extensive gold
activity in the Porcupine area from 1898 to 1917 little has trans-
pired in the mining sector in the Haines area.

The Klukwan iron deposit is thought to have enormous potential,, but
it creates no employment at present.

(b) Construction - There is a very small construction sector in
Haines." There are no major contractors based there, although a
few local men have construction related businesses. Construction
employment drops to near zero except in summer.

On the other hand, a large portion of the Haines labor force has
construction skills, and works in construction when employment
is available. Each season one or two public works projects (roads,
streets, harbors, etc.) and some private construction (housing, new
business buildings) occurs to stimulate this sector.

(c) Manufacturing - Currently there are'no forest products mills
operating, the two major mills having shut down within the last six
months. No fish processing has occurred in the area for several

years.

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -79-

Manufacturing employment in April totalled 93 of which 63 were
associated with the lumber mills. 12 were involved in arts and
crafts manufacture while the remainder were in bakery, printing and
other small operations technically considered manufacturing.

The current status of this sector is low compared to the peak
employment in excess of 300 in the summer seasons of 1973 and 1974.

The manufacturing sector has been and will continue to be volatile
because it is based on the timber industry. The Haines mills,
which are considered small operations as mills go in the industry,
are the first to be affected by the frequent ups and downs of the
timber business.

(d) Transportation - The,largest employer is the longshoring
activity associated with loading timberproducts. At times, over
50 men are involved in this operaiion. This employment is sharply
curtailed by the mill shutdown. Otherwise it is steady because the
mills operate year round when markets are good.

The ferry system employs 10 Haines residents year round and as many
as 16 in the summer season. Most of these are shipboard personnel,
while 4-7 persons operate the terminal.

Air transportation employment is steady and employs 9 to 14 persons
depending upon the season.

Freight and transfer companies employ several persons and there is
an average of 3-5 involved in bus and taxi operations.

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES. INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -80-

The transportation sector is well-rounded with employment from
several sources. It is.generally steady and not overly seasonal.
With the exception of longshoring it is not directly dependent on
the volatile timber industry. In 1975 transportation employment
averaged 70 while varying between a low of 42 and a high of 90.

Ce) Communications and Public Utilities This is a small sector
with a steady year round employment of 11 persons with only one
additional employee in the summer season.

Haines Light and Power, RCA, General Telephone, Cable TV and the
disposal service are the main.employers.

In general, the communication and public utilities sectors are
underdeveloped.

M Trade - This is the largest sector in terms of employment with
126 at the-time@of the survey. This.sector appears to have grown
in recent times. -It is important to note the type of employment
here. Over 100 of the jobs are steady year round employment, but
there is seasonal.fluctuati:on, especially in restaurants and
service stations. A large portion of the employment is part-time
which usually means it is supplemental income for a household.
Wages paid in the trade sector are not particularly high so
economically one trade sector job would not equal a full con-
struction or manufacturing job in.terms of income.

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -81-

Almost all trade sector businesses are small ones. They employ 1
to 5 people, and many are "mom and pop" operations. The largest
employer in the trade sector are the grocery stores, hardware
and restaurants.

The trade sector is well developed for the area's size with a
large number and variety of businesses. From the analysis of
the year of origin question we found that much of Haines trade
and service sector development has occurred since 1970.

(9 Finance, Insurance and Real Estate This' is a small but
very stable sector in the Haines economy with an average employ-
ment of 10 and no seasonal fluctuation. Some major functions
such as construction, financing, special insurance needs and
some real estate are performed outside Haines, usually in Juneau.
Thus for the size of the area this sector could develop more.

W Service - Haines' service sector, while not as large as the
trade sector, can still be considered fairly well developed
for the size of the town. Major service employers are hotels/
motels and medical services. As in trade, most service businesses
are one and two person operations.

The development of the service and trade sectors is probably
attributable. to increased traffic through Haines in addition to
the population residing there.

The service sector also seems to have experienced recent growth
as the Haines economy broadened from basic industry expansion in
the early 1970's.

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

J
Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -82-.

Average annual employment in service was 60 for 1975 and there were
63 working when the April survey was taken. Seasonal fluctuation
ranged from 42 to 74 in 1975.

Many jobs are part-time and the service sector includes many
self-employed persons.

0) Federal Government - The federal government sector consists
of 8 jobs at the tank farm, 4 in the post office and 2 at Customs
and Immigration. This provides 14 year round jobs with no
seasonal fluctuations.

W Local Government - There are three basic categories of local
government.. The schools accounted for 46 jobs in 1975,and for
59 jobs at the time.of the survey. This is about 80% of all
local government employment.. Of the 59 positions, teachers
accounted for 42, 3 were administrators, 3 secretaries, 5 aides
and 6 were custodial and maintenance jobs.

Regular local government is the second category and this includes
the normal full-time staff of administrators, police, fire
and maintenance persons. These numbered 14 in April, 1976.

The third category are loca 1 government employees who are the
result of special state and federally-financed programs such as
NYC or impact fund programs. These averaged 4 to 6 jobs, mostly
occurring in the su mmer.

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -83-

(k), State Government.- State government was a large employer in
the area averaging 34 in 1975, and having 32 employees at the
time of the April survey.

The Marine Highway System employed 4 persons at the terminai and
6 aboard ship, for a total of 10 in April. This rises to about
17 in the summer season.

The Highway Department employs 10 persons in Haines year round.
Thus the ferry and highway transportation function account for 20
of 32 state government jobs in Haines.

Several state agencies have from 1 to 3 persons including the
'State Troopers, Division of Lands, Public Health, Corrections,
Deputy Magistrate, Fish and Wildlife Protection and Weights and
Measures of the Commerce Department.

These positions are all year round jobs with no sea sonal fluctuation.

B. INDUSTRIES IN HAINES AND THEIR FUTURE OUTOOK

(2) Timber Industry
(a) Present Status - The status of the Haines timber industry
since the shutdown of sawmill operations consists strictly of a
machinery maintenance operation. At the time of this writing,
there are no timber industry operations in the Haines area.

Both sawmills, Alaska Forest Products (AFP and Schnabel Lumber
Company (SLC), have shut down their production phases. AFP
closed its operation at the beginning of 1976 and the employment

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES. INC. r

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -84-

survey shows a.decrease from 70 employees in April 1975 to 6 in
April 1976. These 6 employees represent a maintenance crew. SLC
closed after the April employment survey and decreased employment
from 57 to an estimated 5 employees. The beginning employment in
April 1976 was similar to the April 1975 level of 60 employees.
The peak employment.month in 1975 for AFP and SLC was 96 and 70
respectively.

In addition, timber harvesting operations and associated support
..services@to the sawmills were decreased in 1976 or not required
at all as in the case of AFP.

The total manufacturing employment sec.tor decreased from 177
in April .1975 to 93 in-April 1976,: and.further decreased to 41
after closure of the,Schnabel.Lumber Company.

The industry had the advantages of a favorable combination of low
stumpage prices and growing Japanese market conditions since the
mid-1960's. A combination of higher log prices, market slumps,
operating cos.ts and transportation problems has brought a closure
of both mills in 1976.

The wood-products industry is volatile and cyclical world-wide.
Any economy largely dependent upon the industry should expect ups
and downs in cycles lasting 2-5 years. The Haines economy was
held up for longer than that because the peak of world-wide
inflation.drove market prices up for two years (1973 and 1974)
before production and log costs caught up.

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -85-

Two factors that affect the timber industry are housing starts
and the Japanese economy. Both are volatile and subject to
extreme ups and downs.

An example of increased log prices as a result of rising stumpage
and logging costs is that paid by Schnabel Lumber Company from
1972 to 1975:

Year Cost Per MBF
1972 $ 75

1973 100

1974 130

1975 145

AFP tried a domestic market supplying trans-Alaska pipeline con-
struction needs, but ran into problems with transportation and
international tariffs.

The larger timber companies in Southeast A laska control much of
the timber resource and industry financing and naturally-have a
tendency to control them to their own maximum benefit. The smaller
mills are the first to suffer and the last to benefit and that
includes the two Haines mills.

The most heavily financed, largest and most efficient mills
survive the longest in the lumber business.

(b) Future Outlook - In trying to look ahead at the future of
the timber industry in the Haines area several factors appear to
indicate some timber processing will continue in the long run.

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES. INC..

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -86-

We are assuming that one mill will continue to operate in the
'future. This will probably be the Schnabel Lumber Company mill
although it is not expected to operate full time in 1976.

1. Small Business Administrati-on "set-aside" sales will
provide a log supply for smaller firms. This will
make small mill operations more feasible, and will
free these mills from the locked in market situation
which they face.
2. The Haines location is desirable because of the
excellent shipping dock facility and the existing
investment in mills.
3. Chilkat Valley timber is marginal in quality, and
could not support a major operator. In addition,
the Valley has competing uses such as recreation.
Many of the forested State Lands are thus not available
for logging, yet Native Land Claims selections could
provide more timber supply.
4. Another factor that may influence production
in the Haines area is that in -expanding market con-
ditions the larger mills in Southeast will want to
increase production and can contract with the smaller
mills to provide some of their production.

Since the second timber mill in Haines changed its operation to
cut domestic lumber, it is not expected that-they will replace that
equipment to again cut cants for export.

Based on this it is assumed that in the future one mill will operate
in the Haines area and that timber production will remain at that
level and not substantially increase.

R. W. PAV.1TT AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -87-

(2) Fisheries Industry
(a) Present Status.- The catch levels of the 1970's have been the
highest since statehood in Lynn Canal. The Haines fishery is
generally healthy, steady and of high value.

The two economic impacts of fishing are income for fishermen living
in Haines and some seasonal retail business from the transient
gillnet fleet of 100 to 200 boats from June-September.

There is currently no processing in Haines, and few if any
Hainesites work in the nearest processing plant which is at
Excursion Inlet. The last cannery to operate, Haines Packing
Company closed about 1972. Antiquated equipmeh% pollution require-
ments and the declining economics of standard,salmon canning
combined to close the plant; probably permanently.

The Haines area has salmon running from June to October with reds,
cohoes and chums spawning primarily in the Chilkat and Chilkoot
river and lake systems. This provides a longer season than many
areas. In addition several local boats fish halibut in the
spring and crab in the winter, and some troll for salmon to a
minor extent.

The effects of logging, population pressure and sport fishing
have been very minor on the Haines area fish runs. This, plus the
fact that seining in Icy Straits through which Haines-bound
salmon travel, has been virtually closed the last few years, have
aided the status of the Haines fishery.

R. W.,PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES. INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -88-

In spite of the recent decline of the salmon fishery i@n most of
Alaska the Lynn Canal fishery has been good and consistent by
comparison. The best three catches in history have been since 1971.
The fishery does not depend on pink salmon which are the least
valuable and the most volatile'specie of salmon. It is largely
the pink which has caused Southeastern Alaska's low level catches
of recent years. Lynn Canal depends on chums, 'reds and cohoes
in that order of importance..

The fishermen who are active in the Haines area appear to be
diversifying into other species of fish such as halibut, crab,
.herring and even shrimp. This strengthens their income potential,
and adds to the length of their fishing season. Gillnetting still
accounts for the majority (perhaps 90%) of total fishing income but
the trend into other species is important. It makes fishing a
steadier livelihood, protects against salmon cycles and encourages
a longer operating season for any prospective fish processing
plant.

Table 10 shows the catch of salmon in District 15, Upper Lynn Canal.
The catch has been steady,'as fisheries go, ranging from 300,000 to-
about 500,000 fish for 10 of the 13 years shown here.

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -89-

TABLE 10

Catch of Salmon by Species
District 15, Upper Lynn Canal
1963-1975

King Red Coho Pink Chum Total
1975 835 18,077 56,750 2,345 229,125 307,132
1974 1,649 152,238 64,891 5,010 443,900 667,688
1973 2,795 193,701 27,804 14,551 279,342 518,193
1972 1,762 84,063 61,386 14,719 353,981 515,911
1971 4,208 76,685 52,074 6,376 272,591 411,934
1970 3,889 82,940 52,442 24,085 274,485 437,841
1969 3,848 133,448 35,474 9,616 162,958 345,344
1968 3,279 84,399 47,565 8,700 175,713 319,656
1967 3,473 71,399 68,985 16,589 169,282 329,728
1966 2,687 115,829 43,727 7,538 247,690 417,471
1965 4,692 95,054 43,758 5,049 214,150 362,709
1964 3,586 70,918 36,145 7,611 107,145 225,405
1963 2,350 58,987 36,715 14,310 106,545 218,907

Source: Alaska Department of Fish and Game.

To point out the Haines fishery's relative stability, Table 11 compares
the year-to-year change in catch between Haines and all of Southeastern.
Most Haines fluctuations are less than 30% up or down, while
Southeastern catches vary from 331% up, to a 77% drop. 8 of the 12
years show changes of over 30% for Southeastern as a whole, while Haines
changed that much only twice during that period.

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES. INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -90-

TABLE 11
Percent Annual Change in Salmon Catch
Upper Lynn Canal (Haines)
Compared to Total Southeastern

Haines Total
Only Southeast
1975 -54.0% - 26.6%
1974 +28.8 - 26.1
1973 + 0.4 - 41.9
1972 +25.2 + 37.2
1971 - 5.9 - 11.4
1970 +26.7 +107.6
@1969 + 0.8 - 76.5
1968 - 3.1 +331.2
1967 -21.0 - 73.2
1966 +15.1 + 71.9
1965 +60.9 34.6
1964 + 3.0 + 2.6

Source: Derived from Alaska Department of Fish and Game data.

Table,12 shows the Southeast Alaska Salmon Catch since 1950 in order to
trace the overall history of the industry.

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -91-

TABLE 12

Southeastern Alaska Total Salmon Catch

1950-1975

1975 5,680,000
1974 7,738,400
1973 10,478,759
1972 18,053,203
1971 13,162,519
1970 14,851,252
1969 7,153,165
1968 30,435,142
1967 7,060,417
1966 26,300,895
1965 15,274,617
1964 23,386,637
1963 22,834,954
1962 15,781,905
1961 17,060,213
1960 5,623,258
1959 11,327,936
.1958 14,852,516
1957 12,773,130
1956 18,303,416
1955 13,253,434
1954 16,527,234
1953 .11,559,986
1952 17,191,019
1951 30,938,340
1950 16,785,345

Source: Alaska Department of Fish and Game.

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES. INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -92-

In summary, fishing is still a very important economic source for Haines
providing perhaps over 60 households with their major source of income.
By comparison, Schnabel Lumber Company employed about 70 when operating
at its 1975 peak.

Commercial fishing remains a strong economic force and may play a
larger role in the future of Haines. It is particularly important to
the area's Native population, as 50% of the gillnet permit holders are
Native, while Natives account for less than 1/3 of the area's popula-
tion.

(b) Future Outlook The future outlook for fisheries in the
Haines area is for steady and possibly improved catches. In
addition there is definit&potential for a freezer-type processing
plant being established.in the area. One main fisheries firm has
expressed tentative interest in a plant location at Ha'ines.

The state's fisheries management policy under the Hammond adminis-
tration has been conservative. This should result in an increase
in the size of the runs, especially reds, and will benefit Haines
area fishermen at least for the next cycle. If management remains
conservative, the long run outlook for the Haines fishery is very
good. There are many factors accounting for the salmon decline
but overfishing, plain and simple is the major contributor.
Limited entry will be beneficial to.Haines fishermen because the
same number of fishermen will harvest increased runs when the
conservative management policies begin paying off in the late
1970's.

The Haines area is a good site location for a modern fish pro-
cessing plant, and this would be the major source of economic

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES. INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -93-

growth from the fisheries industry for the future. There will be
little or no growth in the number of gillnet fishermen due to
limited entry.

There are several reasons favoring Haines as a fish plant location:
1. There is a substantial resident fishing f .leet in Haines con-
sisting of about 60 boats.

2. There is an even more substantial non-resident fishing fleet
especially in the fall fishery.

3. The catch is relatively steady from year to year. With the
exception of 1974 when a record 667,688 salmon were caught, the
lowest catch since 1965 was 307,132 (1975) and the next highest
was 518,913 (1973).

4. There is a resident labor force available for seasonal fish
processing work. Thus, little increase in population would be
necessary to staff the plant, and Haines residen ts would reap the
benefits.

5. Transportation routes and facilities are favorable. The
northern Lynn Canal fishing grounds are within a few miles of any
plant location, insuring freshness and inexpensive delivery, while
the road system and ferry system could provide transportation to
both Alaskan and outside markets.

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES. INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase I@ -94-

6. The existence of a cold storage facility may stimulate local
custom fish products and other satellite industry.

7. A small scale operation would not be directly competitive with
the major companies which control Southeast Alaska salmon pro-
cessing.

In summary, the potential for fish processing, based on the Haines fish-
ing, is one of the most promising development possibilities found in the
process of the study.

(3) Tourism
(a) Present Status Tourism has been the most discussed economic
influence in the course of the study. There are several reasons
for this:

--tourists and other travelers pass through Haines in large
numbers in the summer season.

--the number of travelers has increased considerably in recent
years and further growth is inevitable, barring a national
depression.

--recent downturns in the area's forest products industries and
general economy, have focused attention on other economic
influences for future development; especially touri'sm.

--the economic impact of the large number of travelers is felt
to some degree in most parts of the small local economy. Thus,
many of the business people'have an interest in increased tourism.

R. W. PAVITT, AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase I) _95-

--many Haines.people realize the effects of tourism can be enhanced
by local action.. Special events, port development, cultural
attractions, local tours and hotel/motel expansion are examples
of local actions by the city, business and individuals which
increase the economic impact of tourism in the area.

People traveling on the Alaska Marine Highway are the dominant form
of tourism in the Haines area. In the summer season the Haines
terminal handles more passenger and vehicle traffic than any other
Marine Highway port including Rrince Rupertand Seattle. Year
round, Haines has more vehicle traffic than any other port and is
a close second to Juneau in total passenger traffic.

All travelers, not just tourists, are what Haines people and
businesses are concerned with. Ferry traffic data shows consider-
able volume even in winter, almost none of which is tourist

traffic.

Cruiseship traffic is much discussed but has had little impact in
the last few years because Haines is bypassed'for several reasons:

--nearly all the world's cruiseships are built outside the U.S.
for economic,reasons. U.S. ships must have U.S.,crews.and their
wage demands make cruiseship operation unfeasible. Foreign
ships with foreign crews comprise.the entire Alaskan cruise
trade. These ships are limited by the Jones Act to four stops
at U,.S. ports. In the Alaska trade Juneau, Sitka and Skagway
are It must" stops, and,Ketchik-an,receives almost all ships.
.Wrangell is a port of call for smaller cruiseships, and Haines
receives only the overflow when the port of Skagway is jammed.

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES. INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -96-

Juneau is a "must" port because it is the state capital, and has
several local tours and the ability to handle large numbers of
tourists.

Skagway is a 11must" port because of its historic fame and the
White Pass and Yukon Railroad excursions.

Sitka is a "must" port because of its historic Russian America
heritage, and excellent local tours. It is also a convenient
location for southbound ships departing Glacier Bay.

Ketchikan receives ships because it is the first major city in
Alaska on the Inside Passage route, and has a good local tour
and excellent shopping.

Air Tourists - The air tourist is the most economically beneficial
for a community. Whether independent or on a tour, the air tourist
must purchase lodging and food locally, which cruise people don't
do, and he must purchase transportation while most ferry passengers
bring their own.

However, only one tour-operator offers Haines as part of any
package tour, so the volume of these type of tourists is limited.

There are two main reasons package tours are limited in Haines:

1. Haines is not a frequent cruiseship stop, and most package
air tours tie into cruiseship routes.
2. Motorcoach authority between Haines, Whitehorse and Fairbanks
is a tangle of red tape and competing interests. This makes
it difficult to schedule tours through Haines on a regular
basis.

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES.1 N C.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) 97-

Air tourists of both the independent and package-tour types do
not visit Haines in volume.

Alaskan and CanadianTourists Juneau (population,20,000) and
Whitehorse (population 13,000) are major cities within easy reach
of Haines. The last several years have-seen an increase in pl6asure
visitors-from these two areas. The Haines-Salmon Derby and the
Southeast Alaska State Fair are-two examples of local@effort which
attract people from these markets.

The Haines area is the most convenient access to the seacoast
for motorists coming from Whitehorse and other,points in the Yukon.
Its popularity -is increasing for recreation,and,vacation purposes
for the Canadians.

(b) Fu ture Outlook -.Ferry,traffic has been and wilil continue
to be the dominant tourist market for.Haines. Development of
businesses,and,.public facilities oriented to this market are con-
siderations for Haines.

Som&time agoAn a 1972 survey cruiselines were asked,what.they
look for in a -port of call. They responded:

--The port should be within convenient running distance of the
..main route.

--The port should have a good local tour, and entertainment
capable of handling passengers efficiently and pleasantly.

-The port should have adequate docking or 1-ightering facilities.

--The port should have shopping opportunities.

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES. INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -98-

Haines meets several of these criteria but its main drawback is
proximity to Skagway, a "must" port, It is unlikely that ships
wiTl stop at both Haines and Skagway because they prefer a-day's
cruising between stops for the most efficient use;of the ship.

The cruise ship potential of Haines is limited because of this,
and ft is not recommended that the community invest large amounts
to attract them. Docks.are not.a requirement. All passengers
are lightered into Sitka,for example., which will handle 89
ships in 1976.

Haines does have some cruiseship potential due to its nearness to
.Skagway. Skagway dock space is limited and there are no plans
to expand just for cruiseships. The harbor is unsuitable for
anchoring and lightering. Finally, Skagway can handle no more
ships but more are scheduled to join the Alaska trade.

It is our opinion that ships which cannot get into Skagway would
stop at Haines if they could be assured of adequate lightering and
passenger satisfaction from bus tours, entertainment and shopping.
It i-s our understanding that the local tour was a failure in
servicing the four ship calls-in 1975. One cruise line sails up
Lynn Canal and back, stopping at neither Haines nor Skagway.

Haines probably will not rival the "big four" in cruise stops
but there is potential for a significant increase in cruise stops
through local action..

Even if Haines could only attract 20% of the cruiseship volume,
that would be 10,000 passengers. This would be equal to about
half of the existing ferry traffic into Haines for the entire
summer season of 1975.

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES. INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase I)
_99-

Clearly some effort would reap.economic benefits, and the*effort
might best be.spent i.n promotion-, organization-and preparation for
handling those people.. The main burden, as well as the main
benefit, falls on the local bus,tour operators to "package" a
local tour and market it to the cruise passengers.

Chilkat State Park is 1 ikelyi-to be developed in the future. Park
.:.development., Al:aska-style, means--additi,onal cAmpgrounds, picnic
grounds, water in summer and perhaps a boat launch@area for boats
on trailers. In other words look for more camper and fishing
visitors..

Kluane National Park in Canada is a long range development which
will attract visitor traffic. It is likely to aid Haines
through traffic of the camper type. Air tourists to Kluane will
go through Whitehorse,-most likely.

In summary, the future tourism outlook calls for increasing ferry
traffic, possible.increases in cruise traffic as an overflow port, and
modest volume of air and package tour touri sts if motorcoach authority
is not resolved.

The largest increase is likely to be in the camper-type market. Tourism
is not likely to become a year round industry complete with conventions
and winter sports, but it is and will be a significant seasonal industry
which can be enhanced by local effort.

(4) Transportation
(a) Present Status - The transportation industry in Haines is a
combination of longshoring, ferry traffic, highway traffic, airline
traffic, cruiseship traffic, barginig, busses, taxis and the dock
and highway facilities of the area.

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) _100-

Several factors contribute to its existence as one of the larger
-sectors of the economy. Longshoring is the largest employer and
is severely affected by the timber industry slump. Most other
transportation businesses are relatively unaffected.

Extensive ferry traffic data is available and is portrayed in the
following tables. As stated in the tourism discussion, Haines is
the largest volume passenger port behind Juneau and is the largest
volume vehicle.port on the entire system.,

Table 13 shows passenger and vehicle traffic a t Haines for the
1963-1975 period. 1975 traffic is nearly double that of 10
years before.

TABLE 13
Alaska Marine Highway Traffic
at the Port of Haines, 1963-1975

Passengers Vehicles
Dis- Dis-
Year Embarking embarking Embarking embarking
1975 Mainline 34,809 32,309 10,978 10,661
- LE CONTE 5,360 6,165 1,508 1,751
Total 40,169 38,474 12,486 12,412

1974 Mainline 29,247 28,079 9,125 9,381
LE CONTE 4,035 3,859 897 904
Total 33,282 31,938 10,022 10,285

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase I) -lol-

TABLE 13 (continued) Passengers Vehicles

Dis- Dis-
Year Embarking embarking Embarking embarking
1973 34,947 31,270 10,378 9,379
1972 30,975 27,136 9,500 8,232
1971 28,123 24,185 8,885 7,964
1970 26,632 24,358 8 541 8,238
1969 24,579 22,247 .8,:104 7,631
1968 23,910 21,620 7,777 6,797
1967 25,505 23,378 7,381 6,415
1966 26,164 21,333 7,512 6,064
1965 24,477 19,355 6,600 5,128
1964 1 8,334 15,267 4,854 3,967
1963 15,346 12,535 41,209 3,086

Seasonal analysis of ferry traffic shown in Table 14 indicates that off-
season traffic is increasing-'at a more rapid rate than summer season
traffic.

TABLE 14
Summer Season Ferry Traffic, Port of Haines
Percent of Annual Traffic Occurring in
June, July and August

Passengers Vehicles
Year Embarking Disembarkia Embarking Disembarking
1975 56% 53% 50% 44%
1974 54 52 50' 45
1973 59 59 54 52
1972 62 61 55 54
1971 60 59 55 54
1970 62 62 55 54

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES. INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -102-

TABLE 14 (continued)
Passengers Vehicles
Year Embarking Disembarking Embarking Disembarking.
1966 68% 650/0' 64% 60%
1963 70 68 70 68

(b) Future Outlook - Haines' role as the connection between the
ferry system and the Alaska Highway will continue to be important
for tourism, freight, local traffic and business travel.

An adequate lightering facility or float may encourage additional
cruiseship stops.

Air transportation is a function of the population size plus
business, government and tourism activity. It will increase as
these factors increase.

The Skagway road should not dampen traffic through Haines but
rather enhance it because it forms a driving loop for tourists.
Trucking mileage through Haines to the interior will still be
shorter and at gentler grade than the Skagway route.

Depending on the final selection of the gas line route, Haines
may play a major role as a transshipment point.

The Haines area may play a minor transportation role in OCS
development.

In summary, the Haines transportation industry is expected to grow due
to the influences discussed.

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES. INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -103-

(5) Mining
(a) Present Status The Haines area currently contains no mining
operations of economi-c significance. There are a few part-time
gold miners in the area, but no operations that could be said to
support employment of any kind.

Like the rest of Alaska, Haines was active in gold prospecting and
mining operations around the.turn of the century. Placer gold
(about $1,000,000) was mined in the Porcupine district, but large
scale mining ceased about 1917.

The Klukwan iron ore deposit was discovered in 1899 and is an
extremely large deposit of titaniferous magnetite ore in both lode
and alluvial form. There are several billion tons of 13% magnetite
iron. There are other deposits nearHaines estima ted at several
billion tons but of lower grade ore, suspected to be less than 10%.
The location of the Klukwan deposit is the east side of the Chilkat
Valley north of town.

(b) Future Outlook - The Klu*kwan deposit may not be mined in the
foreseeable future due to several factors: titaniferous ore
requires more expensive refining; other world deposits are cheaper
in extracting and shipping; the site is environmentally sensitive,
due to its location on the Chilkat River, and a huge mining
operation would be traumatic to the existing lifestyle of nearby
Klukwan.

The technology of mining and primary processing simply has not
been developed to the point where economic and environmental
feasibility can be shown for development of the Klukwan deposit.

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES, INC..

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -104-

There are several copper, copper/nickel and asbestos ore deposits
in the Yukon Territory northeast of Kluane National Park. These
deposits are all located nearer the Alaska Highway and the Haines
Cutoff than to Whitehorse and the railroad to Skagway.

If these deposits are developed then Haines may become the ship-
ping seaport. The Canadian government has an aggressive northern
development policy and the development of these deposits is more
likely to occur than similar deposits in Alaska. r

No mineral development is likely to occur in the Haines area in
the foreseeable future.

(6) Outer Continental Shelf Development
(a)*-Present Status - The federal government has leased large
offshore tracts in the Gulf of Alaska for exploration and develop-
ment by petroleum companies. The prices paid for the leases
indicate high interest and potential. Considerable activity is
expected to begin in the very near future. In fact preparations
have begun to some extent and the impact is beginnning to be felt
in the Gulf Coast communities.

Outer Continental Shelf (OCS) oil development in the Gulf of
Alaska was examined for its possible impact on the Haines area.

(b) Future Outlook - It was concluded that minor trucking and
shipping activity could occur in Haines due to OCS development.
In addition, it is quite possible that employment sim ilar to that
of the trans-Alaska pipeline may result.

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) '-105-

Employment in OCS activity for Haines people is likely to be less
obtainable than on the pi peline. Much of the work is specialized
in offshore construction and oil field work. These are highly
unionized. The activity will be located outside the legal
boundaries of Alaska making enforcement of "Alaska Hire" provisions
a question. There will also be a labor force surplus when the
pipeline is completed, causing more competition for jobs. The
Gulf of Alaska OCS operation will not be as large scale as the
pipeline-which is the world's largest private construction project.

The OCS activity will be serviced via Seward, Cordova, Valdez
and Yakutat. Major supplies such as components of offshore
platforms will be transported to these ports or directly-to the
offshore sites. Other supplies will be stored at these ports or
.,shipped to them from Anchorage, Fairbanks, Seattle and other west
coast ports.

Still; Haines has a good industrial port facility, ferry service,
and highway connections to the interior of Alaska and the "lower
48"; and is reasonably close to Yakutat via water and air. For
these reasons there will possibly be some transportation activity
in Haines associated with OCS development, though it is not likely
to be of major proportions.

(7) Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act
(a) Present Status There has been much discussion of what the
impact of the Native Claims land and money will be on the Haines

area.

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -106-

The 23,040 acres to be selected by Klukwan, Inc. will be the
largest private or corporate land,holdings in the area. This land
will be@selected from the-Chilkat and Chilkoot drainages.

Two groups of area Native people receive.per capita cash distri-
bution of the Settlement.Act money. Klukwan,@Inc. with.133
enrollees, most of which reside in@the area, wi.11 receive $90,
and $81 per year for years 3, 49 and.5, and have previously
..received $185 for the.first two years.. Additional per capita cash
distribution is expected for the second five years.

Haines-at-large enrollees number 153; the majority of whom are
assumed to live in the area, receive no land. They do, however,
receive a more substantial per capita cash distribution which
started at-$500 per year and declines to $450 per year by the
tenth and final year of per capita distribution.

In Alaska, Alaska Natives will receive 2% of the state's mineral
royalties up to a total-of $500,000,000. This may be in the
form of per capita distribution and would be similar in amount to
the present cash distribution.

(b) Future Outlook Since Klukwan, Inc. is a profit making
corporation, and-intends to serve the best economic interests of
its stockholders, the lands selected are likely to be the most
valuable in the area. This would assumably include timberlands
and recreational lands.

It may well be that the Klukwan land selections may contribute to
a more sustained timber industry in the future of the Haines area.
The corporation is interested in employment opportunities for its
members, and the harvesting and processing of Native timber lands
Would provide some local employment. J

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES.. INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -107-

In summary, the land selections are likely to have.significant long-term
impact on the Haines area because it is very probable timber, fisheries
and recreational ventures will occur.

While the cash portion of the settlement is of lesser economic importance,
it does slightly enhance the economit ability of the area's original
people..

Finally, and perhaps most significa ntly, Klukwan, Inc. and the regional
corporation, Sealaska, will have the economic ability to invest capital
in substantial business ventures. If a solid prospect appears; a cold
storage plant for example, then local interests have the ability to
finance construction and operation. In.the.past, local interests have
not had this ability.

This is not to say that a cold storage is a good immediate prospect,
nor..that Klukwan, Inc. or Sealaska would elect to invest. It is only
to say that for the first time, some financial ability.exists, which is
controlled by people who live in the area.

(8) Cottage Industry
(a) Present Status Cottage industry is generally-considered to
be small, home-based manufacturing operations usually making
specialty products such as arts, crafts and food items.

The average annual employment survey was not designed to survey
existing cottage industry. Yet, in,the course of this.study we
came across some instances of it, and some people who felt
cottage industry could be a more important factor in Haines.

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -108-

Alaska has many people who have parlayed special skills or
...talent into businesses.- But they have done this on their own
and have succeeded by virtue of their effort and the saleability
of their products.

(b), Future-Outlook To "develop" cottage industry is probably
not something which the city or an economic development committee
could do. It simply isn't the kind of thing which can be*
.regimented, or willfully developed.

People i.n-Haines do carve, paint-and can'salmon for sale, but they
are limited by their own skill an&effort, and the relatively small
market.for some of these specialty products.

We did find one instance where a cottage industry business could
be expanded if a cold storage facility was available locally.
Custom smoked and canned salmon could be produced year round if a
supply.of fish could be made available by means of freezing.

(9) Arts and Crafts
(a) Present Status - The predominant arts and crafts operation in
Haines is Alaska Indian Arts, Inc., a well-known operation which
produces Tlingit art in various forms but primarily in wood
carvings. In the spring of 1976, AIA employed twelve persons
working in the arts.

.In addition, several Native people in the area produce carvings in
wood.or silver., and others do.beadwork and make clothing such as
moccasins. There are two prominent and other less prominent local
artists who paint.

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES. INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase I) _109-

The volume of visitor traffic aids in sales of arts and crafts.
Also a large number of Hainesites have used arts and crafts as
a part-time source of income from time to time. Thus a considerable
pool of talent currently exists.

(b) Future Outlook - Because of location and because of the talent
pool the.potential exists.in the Haines and Klukwan area for a
cooperative of some sortwhich could assist with marketing. Perhaps
it is more realistic for individual producers to sell through a
coop, thus making a steady supply available to the markets; rather
than attempt to change the lifestyle and prodUction habits of
dozens of individuals in an attempt to achieve regular production.

If coordinated marketing of Haines products were to occur, Haines
could enhance its reputation as a supplier of quality arts and
crafts. Were this to occur employment and personal income in
arts and crafts woul,d increase..

Future employment is expected to remain at current levels or
increase slightly

(10) Agricul ture
(a) Present Status - One small vegetable farm presently exists in
the Haines area. Summer temperatures,and precipitation levels
make Haines a better farming area than much of Southeastern Alaska.

(b) Future Outlook According to soils information contained in
this study the.Haines area is not a prospect for major farming
efforts. However, some excellent land does exist, and development

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase I) _110-

of additional small scale operations is a future possibility.
Land Use:Planning.should conside,r that,the best agricultural lands
be,preserved and not'converted to other uses unless absolutely
necessary.

(11) Gas Pipeline
(a) Present Status -'There has been much discussion of the possible
use,of,the Hain;es-;-Fairbanks:'8-inch pipeline as 6 route for North
Slope natural gas. 'Use of-the corridor for a new line is also
an object of discussion@.'.

the 25-year-old line is not in use and is reported to
be in need of at least some repair. However the corridor is of
most,value and the cost of line renovation vs.@new l1ne con-
struction;may not be a deciding factor in line"location.

There are several gas pipeline routes under consideration and the
most serious routes are along the trans-Alaska oil pipeline
corridor to Valdez or branching off to Cordova. Another route
is through Canada to the Midwest and still another would parallel
the Alaska Highway through Canada. No major firm or consortium
has proposed a Haines route.

Yet the facts that a corridor exists, a road adjacent to the
corridor, tank farm facilities and a deep water port exist,
keeps Haines in the running as a possible gas pipeline terminus
or distribution point for Southeast Alaska. A processing plant
would be part of the port terminal complex for a gas line.

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase I)

(b) Future Outlook - The simple fact that the Haines route is
not one of the more prominent alternatives being promoted gives
it only a distant chance of becoming the gas pipeline terminus.

If Haines were selected it would be in the fairly near future and
within the planning period covered in this report.

Were the Alaska Highway route selected it would present the
possi bility for tapping the line,,at Haines Junction for distri-
bution to Haines and Southeast Alaska'..

Finally, if the Alaska Highway route were s elected, Haines would
receive considerable transshipment activity during the con-
struction stage. A trans-Alaska route would create minor
tran.sportation activity'similar to that caused by the trans-
Alaska'oil pipeline construction.

C. P0PqLATI,QN FORECAS TS FOR 1980.AND 1985

The main task of the economic forecaster is assessing the probability
of future events which affect the economic,base (and consequently the
population dynamics) of a community. In the case of Haines, the con-
cern is with questions such as: "how probable is it that the Klukwan
iron ore deposit will be exploited?", how probable is it that there will
be lumber mill activity in the future?", "how probable it it that tourism
will become a viable year round industry?", and "how probable is it
that a fish processing operation will be started?"

These are examples of the evaluations made after investigating each of
the major sources of economic c hange in Haines. Taken all together
these assessments combine to form a picture of what is reasonable to
expect for the future of Haines.

R. W. PAVI.TT. AND ASSOCIATES.. INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) 112

A range of projections is deve-loped based on those things.which could
reasonably-be expected to happen- The high..proj.ection of population
and.emplgyment assumes that most of the things which could reasonably
happen actually will. The low projection assumes that only a few
of those things will,actually occur. What.actually.will happen is
most likely to be.,somewhere between the low.and the high projection.

Economic,forecastingis not an.exact scJence. It is based on the
best information.we have at the time., and if we doan intelligent,
thorough job of looking at current information,and its. background,
we should be able to make reasonable future projections which will
provide general.guidance to, people, planning for the,future of their
community.

(1) Reasons for Changes in Haines.' POPUldtiOn and Employment
Three factors which tend to impact changes in the,community,'S...
population are analyzed for Haines as follows:

(a) Natural Increase , which is simply births minus deaths. For
,example;,between 1970 and 1975 there were 152 births,and 70
deaths for a net natural increase of,82 persons in the Haines
im
census district. This accounted for only 14.5% of the total
fncrease.of,565 persons according to Department of,Labor population
estimates.

(b) Economic Change results in changes, in the amount of employ-
ment available in an area and consequently impacts the population.
This is by far the most important factor in population change and
has accounted for.,85.5% of the change.since 1970. There have been

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES.. INC..

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -113-

several sources of economic change since 1970 and these are:
increased timber industry activity (until 1975); increased ferry
system traffic and service; increased state budgets which result
in state employment and public works constr uction as well as
revenue sharing in local government; record salmon catches and
prices in Lynn Canal; increased tourism (Alaskans, Canadians and
Americans); Native Claims Act per capita cash distribution, and
Tlingit-Haida housing program; and the side effects of the trans-
Alaska pipeline construction on freight traffic, and as an employ-
ment source for Hainesites.

(c) "Lifestyle" is another cause of--@'population change; one which
is not really measurable in terms of statistics. We know that people
must have income to live, so lifestyle is not totally independent
from*economf@ cs. Yet it is an important factor when we try to
explain population -loss or gain in the area.'

for example, the Haines area is analyzed strictly from an
economic standpoint, it would be reasonable to predict a major
exodus of population with the closure of both mills which employed
over 200 persons in milling and related operations. Yet, this is
not entirely so. Many persons prefer living in Haines and will
do so almost regardless of economic conditions. They will live
on less money, change jobs, work out of town, fish, colleCt
unemployment, or hold several temporary or part-time jobs over a
period of time.

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -114-

In other words, many people 's lifest yle in Haines is the dominant.
motive for residing there; not their occupation. If we assumed
all mill workers and their dependents woul'd move, we would be
making the incorrectLassumption that their occupations were the
primary reasons for-living in Haines in the first place. While
many mill workers will leave and have already left, a significant
proportion will stay and simply' change the ir source of income in

some manner.

Likewise, in good times when more and better paying jobs become
available, many are taken by residents of the area who are "trading
up" from part-time or lower paying jobs, unemployment, out of town
work and so forth. This explains why gains in employment ha.ve not
reflected'as high a gain in population asI one would expect from
past economic growth.

Lifestyle, then, is a major factor which cushions the effect of
economic ups and downs in the Haines area.

(2) Historic Population Trends
The population of the Haines area has s hown substantial upward growth
since the 1960 census. During this period, two Decennial U.S. Censuses
have been conducted that provide a benchmark for analysis.

The 1960 Census shows a total of 875 persons in the Haines area. By
1970 this figure had grown to 1,504, an increase of 71.9%. This
increase occurred primarily as a result of extensive expansion of the
timber industry in the area. T his growth approximated an annual rate

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -115-

of 5.6% for the 10 year period. Continued and increased growth
occurred between the 1970 Census of 1,504 persons and the July 1, 1975
Alaska Department of Labor estimate of 2,069 persons. This 37.6%
growth was equivalent to a 6.5% annual rate or nearly 1% more than
the annual rate between 1960 and 1970. The period 1960 to 1975 shows
a 136.5% total growth or about 5.9% per year.

Table 15 summarizes historical growth rates.

TABLE 15

Haines Historical Growth Rates

Years Annual-Increase
1960-1975- 5.9%
1960-1970 5.6
1970-1975 6.5

The Haines OEDP Report dated March 1975 estimat es a city population of
1,366 and an area population of 1,980. This compares favorably to the
Alaska Department of Labor estimate of 2,069 for July 1, 1975 and may
be closer to the actual 1975 population.

A breakdown of the 1970 Census showing the distribution of population
in the Haines area can be seen in the first table on the following page.

The Appendix to this study contains an analysis of the Haines community
planning area population with respect to age, sex and race character-
istics.

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES. INC

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -116-

1970 Census - Haines Area
Haines City 463
Port Chilkoot 220
Haines Outskirts 442
TOTAL CITY AREA 1,125
Klukwan 103
Terminal Reservations 50 F
Outlying Areas 226
TOTAL,HAINES DISTRICT 1,504
Source: U.S. Census 1970.

The Haines population for each year since 1960 is estimated in the
Teft hand column of Table 16. This gives us a year by year look at
the growth of Haines in recent times.

TABLE 16
Haines Population Estimates 1960-1975

Total
Skagway Lynn Canal-
Haines Yakutat Icy Straits
1960 875 2,070 2,945
J961 639 3,079 -2,718
1962 7551 2,088 2,843
1963 901 2,097 2,998
1964 1,004 2,106 3,110
1965 1,066 2,115 3,172
1966 1,070 2,124 3,194
19b7 1,233 2,133 3,366

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -117-

TABLE 16 (continued)
Total
Skagway Lynn Canal-
Haines Yakutat Icy Straits
1968 1,268 2,142 3,410
1969 1,469 2,151 3,620
1970 1,504 2,157 3,661
1971 1,637 2,144 3,781
1972 1,766 2,121 3,887
1973 1,902 2,205 4,107
1974 2,054 2,476 4,530
1975 2,069 2,732 4,801

Source: Alaska Department of Labor, Current'Population estimates by
Census Division 1960-1975.

Note: - Population estimates for the years 1961-1969 for Haines and
Skagway-Yakutat are derived from Lynn Canal-Icy Straits total as
follows: Skagway-Yakutat increase of 93 from 1960 to 1970 census was
-prorated-over@'the period. The-total for each year was then subtracted
from the Department of Labor estimate for total Lynn Canal-Icy
Straits with the remainder being Haines' population.

(3) Estimating Present Population
The population growth and employment opportunities were all increasing
during the period of 1960 to 1975 as all the data shows. At the begin-
ning of 1976 however, a drastic event occurred in the Haines area that
will have a significant effect on future population and employment
projections. Both of the major employers, that is the two sawmills,
shut down operations. The consequence of this event, in the absence

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES. INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -118-

of other employment opportunities, is to bring a halt to-the growth
rate. In fact, an out-migration occurred that will have a dampening
effect on future projections.

Employment data for the present from the Average Annual Employment F
Survey is used to estimate present population.

Historically the ratio between population and employment in Haines has
varied between about 2.8 and 3.4 persons for every job. The 2.8
persons per job is from 1970 when times were good and the 3.4 is from
1960 when the economy was not as good. On this basis, it is assumed
that 3.5 persons per Job applies to the present... a change reflecting
less employment than in 1975 when the ratio was 3.3.

@By estimating 1976 average annual employment to be 561 including 40
pipeline jobs (down from 633 in 1975), and then multiplying by 3.5
persons per job, we arrive at a.1976 population estimate for the
Haines area of 1,964. Based on local observation and interviews, this
figure appears reasonable. There has been.some population loss in
recent months, but not a great amount. Table 17 shows the 1976
population estimate.

TABLE 17
Population and Employment in Haines- 1960-1976

Pop./Emp.
Population Employment Ratio
1960 875 256 est. 3.4
.1965 1,066 est. 347 est. 3.1
1970 1,504 542 est. 2.8
1975 2,069 593 3.5
1975 2,069 633 (pipeline) 3.3
1976 1,964 est. 521 3.8
1976 1,964 est. 561 (pipeline) 3.5

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase I) _119-

Note: - The 1976 employment survey included 43 persons living in Haines
but working on North Slope oil development projects in April. An
average of 40 is assumed for all of 1976.

The effect of the shutdown of the two mills was to reduce average annual
employment (basic employment) by 72 persons. This has also had its
effect on population. Using a 3.5 ratio,indicates a population of
1,964 or a decrease in population of just over 100 persons.

It is not expected that there-will be a long term decline, as many
persons will attempt to stay in the Haines area and take lower paying
jobs or work out of town. However, wi th the completion of the trans-
Alaska pipeline, those out of town jobs wil I become fewer, and it may
force a further reduction in population. In projecting employment
opportunities, it was not expected that all timber employment would be
lost, but that only one mill would operate in the future and while
both may be closed for most of 1976, one is expected to reopen in the
near future.

(4) Future Population Projections
The 1964 Haines and-Port Chilkoot Comprehensive Plan projected a 1980
popul-ation range of 2,850 for an extreme low and 6,240 for an extreme
high with 3,600 as.the most probable figure. The growth projecied was
,probably over optimistic, as the likely event appears to be near or
below the low projection.

The low projection however, is fairly close for having been made more
than 10 years ago. The difficulty in projecting small numbers is that.
one significant event can completely change the whole outlook. For
example, development of the Klukwan iron ore would substantially change

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES. INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -120-

.the population projections. On the same basis, c.losure of the Haines
Cu toff would have a dramatic adverse effect on future population. It
must be remembered that all population estimates are based on what is
known today, and can be greatly affected by unseen future events.

Three methods can be used to project Haines population and employment:

--Projecting population based on the historic growth rates.

--Projecting population based on Haines' population relationship to
the regional population of Southeastern Alaska.

--Projecting population based on expected future employment in the
Haines a.rea.

The first method results in high forecasts because the historical
growth rates were calculated during periods of fairly rapid growth.
We feel it is unlikely that these growth rates will be sustained through
1985. These forecasts will form the high side of our projections.
After examining all the factors which could cause growth, it appears
that Haines will experience a slower rate of growth than occurred
during the 1960-75 period.

Based on historic growth rates applied to the 1976 population figure,
this first method results in a 1980 population of 2,443 to 2,527;
and a 1985 population of 3,208 to 3,461. Table 18 shows the results
of projecting historic growth rates:

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -121-

.TABLE 18
Population Projections Based on Haines
Historic Annual.-Growth Rates
@1977-1985

1960-70 1960-75 1970-75
Historic Rate 'Rate Rate
5.6% 5.9% 6.5%

1960 875
1965 1,066
1970 1,504
1975 2,069-
1976 1,964 1,964 1,964 1,964

Projected
1977 2,074 2j080 2,092
1978 2,190 2,203 2,228
1979 2,313 2,333 2,373
1980 2,443 2,471 2,527
1981 2, 580 2,617 2,691
1982 2,724 2,771 2,866
1983 2,877 2,934 3,052
1984 3,038. 3,107 3,250
1985 3,208 3,290 3,461

The second method used was based on the historic relationship of the
Haines population to the population of Southeast Al.aska. The 1970
percentage of Haines' population to that of Southeast Alaska (3.5%) was

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -122- 4

used as an average because the 4.1% of the last few years was felt to
be too high with the closure of the mills.@ The Alaska Department of
Labor projects a total population of 661900 for the year 1980 in
Southeast Alaska. If the 1970 relationship of 3.5% is applied, this
results in a 1980 population of 2,342 for the Haines area, which falls
into the same range as the previous projections. If we assume that
Southeast Alaska will continue growing at the tame rate, our 1985
projection for Haines would be 3,104.

Table 19 shows the past relationship between Haines and Southeast
regional population plus projections for 1980 and 1985.

TABLE 19
Population Projections Based on Haines
Population as a Percent of Southeast Regional Population
1980-1985

Southeast Haines As A
Alaska Percent Of.
Historic Region Haines Southeast
1960 35,403 875 2.5% 16
1970 42,565 1,504. 3.5
1971 43,088 1,637 3.8
1972 44,475 1,766 4.0
1973 46,417 1,902 4.1
1974 50,232 2,054 4.1
1975 .50,438 2,069 4.1
Projected
1980 66,900 2,342 3.5
FHai

1985 88,700 3,104 3.5

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES, INC..

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -123-

Source: 1960-1975 Alaska Department of Labor. 1980 Southeast is
Labor estimate. 1985 Southeast assumes same growth for.1980-85 as
estimated for 1975-80.
The third method of forecasting uses'the relationship between population
and employment. The projections developed here are intended to provide
a low side to our series of estimates of futurepopulation.
In this projection we assume that no additional',economic development
occurs to 1980. Employment will remain at the 1976 level except
that pipeline work will cease in 1977, causing a loss of 40 jobs from
the 1�76 level of 561 employed. Thus, 1980 employment is placed at
521. Using our maximum ratio of 3.5 people for every job, this
projects to a population of 1,824 in 1980; (a loss of 140 persons from
1976).

Employment changes more rapidly than population, which must be con-
sidered when projecting population based on employment. From 1960 to
1970, for example, a period of increase in the Haines economy, employ-
ment rose at a rate slightly over 8% per year while,population rose by
only 5.6% per year.

We are anticipating the 1980-85 period to be one of growth for the
Haines area. If the 1960-70 employment growth rate of 8% is projected,
employment will total 765. Assuming the population/emplo,yment ratio
will drop to a more normal 3.0 by 1985, the popu'lati6n would.be 2,295
persons. Table 20 shows thes'e'projections of population based on
employment.

R. W. PAVITT.AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -124-

TABLE 20
@Population and Employment Projections Based on No
Additional Economic Development to 1980, Moderate
Development to 1985

Historical, Population Employment Ratio
1960 875 256 3.4
1965 1,066 .347 3.1
1970 1',-504 542 2'. 8
1975 2iO67 633 3.3
1976 .1,964 3.5a

Projected
1977 1,964 561 3. 5'
1978 --- --- ---

1979 --- ---
1980 T,824 521b 3.5
1985 2,295- d 3.Oc

a. Assumes people-are reluctant to move, and will stay as long as
possible without additional employment.
b. No pipeline workers.
c. Assumes population/employment ratio will decrease to become more
in line with past trends.
d. Assumes 8% employment growth rate, 1980-85.

(5) Population Projection Summary
The closure of the two mills has had a serious dampening effect on
future population growth in the Haines area.

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES. INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -125-

The results of the 1976 employment survey shows a definite decrease in
employment from the 1975 level. The longer the mills are closed, the
more population will be lost as workers are forced to move to seek
other employment opportunities.

Several methods of projecting population were used and the results show
a wide range depending on which assumptions are accepted.

Historic growth rates were applied to the 1976 population, as.estimated
from the employment survey.

These projections, ranging from 2,443 to 2,527 for 1980, and from 3,208
to 3,461 for 1985 assume that there will be no change in the historic
growth rate in the Haines area. Since the.closure of the two sawmills,
however, this growth rate cannot be expected to apply in the absence.
of other employment.

The next step was to attempt to project future employment based on the
1976 survey. The survey shows 561 persons employed in 1976, with 40
of those being pipeline workers. This employment level was expected
to continue through 1977 but would decrease by 40 after 1977 because
of completion of the pipeline. Without these jobs, and with no
replacements, the 1980 population', based on that level of employment,
would be 1,824 persons.

This establishes a broad range of population for 1980 of between 1,824
and 2,443 persons. Another method shown earlier which projects Haines
as a percentage of Southeast Alaska.population, calculates a 1980
population of 2,324, and a 1985 level of 3,104.

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES. INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -126-

With the high and low range now established, any increase in employment
opportunities such as the opening of one:of the mills or some new
operations will tend to increase the population level. From the low range,
for example, the addition of 50 employees would cause the 1980 population
to be approximately 2,000 persons.

The lowest 1985 population projection is 2,295 based on a 1980 base
population of 1,824 and an 8% employment growth from 1980 to 1985.
The highest projection is 3,461, which would be the population if the
6.5% annual growth rate for 1970-75 is applied to the 1976 population
estimate.

The difficulty with these projections is that one major event can pro-
duce dramatic changes because the size of the total population is
small. These figures provide the best estimates available from
existi.ng information.

TABLE 21
Summary of Population Projections

Percent of
Historic Growth Southeast Population/
Rate Method Region Employment
5.6% 5.9% 6.5% Method Method

1976 1,964 1,964- 1,964 .1,964 1,964
1980 2,443 2,471 2,527 2,342 1,824
1985 3,208 3,290 3,461 3,104 2,295

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -127-

Employing a balance of these three methods, it is our considered
opinion that the most likely population for Hai'nes will fall in-the
ranges shown below for 1980 and 1985:
1980 - 2,050 (low) to 2,250 (high)
1985 - 2,500 (low) to 3,000 (high)

At best, population projection for a small community, even for periods
of less than 10 years, is more of-an art than a science. Even so,
there are some indicators that will produce a range of projections
that is, at least, in the ballpark; and the conclusions of this section
as to the 1980 and 1985 ranges have utilized the most reliable of
these indicators.

Beyond 10 years, population projection is neither an art nor a science,
and cannot claim even the dignity of an educated guess. The accelera-
tion of social, economic and technological change in the world today
is so rapid that one simply cannot foresee with any degree of certainty
events 15 or 20 years hence. Nevertheless, a requirement of the con-
tract for Phase I planning services calls for population projections
to 1986 and 1996, in order to facilitate longer range capital improve-
ment considerations, and for the purpose of complying with that regula-
tion, the following range of projections, which constitute an adjusted
extrapolation of the three methods employed in the 1980 and 1985 pro-
jectibns is offered:

1986 - 2,600 (low) to 3,100 (high)
1996 - 3,700 (low) to 4,200 (high)

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -128-

III. ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION

This chapter of the plan provides a discussion,
analysis and evaluation of the factual matters
researched and presented in Chapters 1. and II.
It points out the needs,.deficiencies,.issues
and opportunities of the Haines area, and pro-
vides direction to the development of Phase II
of the Haines Comprehensive Plan.

The nat ural environment of the Haines area is conducive to a broad
range of human activities. The physical location of the community
provides spectacular scenery, and the magnificent combination of
waterfront, mountains, glaciers, fiords and forests that is unique
to Southeast Alaska.

The soils of the area are basically satisfactory for building con-
struction purposes; although prudent engineering practice calls for
soil and foundation material testing to be accomplished prior to de-
sign and construction of substantial structures. Neither the Soil
Conservation Service nor the University of Alaska Agricultural Ex-
tension Service share the enthusiasm of many local people with re-
spect to the potential for economically feasible agricultural opera-:
tions in the Haines area. Yet traditional and recent successful ex-
periences seem to confi m that while the Haines area is certainly not
a verdant and fertile valley, small-scale gardening and specialty ag-
ricultural production can be pursued with moderate success. Clearly,
the land use planning process must recognize even this limited poten-
tial, and carefully examine the need for protection of appropriate
areas from incompatible exploitation.

The Haines area lies in an active earthquake zone; and while the
FHa-

community has not suffered a damaging quake in modern times, the po-
tential for such an occurrence should be kept in mind, and sound

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -129-

engineering practices observed with regard to major construction or
public works projects.

Within the City of Haines, population density is found to be about
575 persons per square mile, assuming a current City population of
approximately 1,300. Considering that the density for the Haines
Borough is estimated to be 0.75 persons per square mile, the City,
which. contains about 2/3 of the Borough's population, is obviously
the.established base of human settlement. The population density
of a community is an indicator of the nature of the town... literally
where it falls on a scale that might range from a sparsely populated
rural hamlet to a crowded urban center. In the case of Haines, both
the.density and the analysis of land use indicate an active small
urban area that Contains ample space for growth and development
without sacrifice of its pleasant small town characteristics.

The total population of the area is not large enough to attract
major trade.outlets which depend on high volume sales, but is suffi-
cient to sustain local retail outlets providing a fairly comprehen-
sive range of goods and services.

A land use plan contemplated as a major element of the Haines Com-
prehensive Plan (Phase II) will address the task of balancing exist-
ing patterns of community land use with the goals and objectives of
Hainesites in the preparation of a practical guide to the growth and
development of the community.

Evaluation of the land status shows a very favorable balance of pub-
lic and private land ownershi-p in both the Ci ty and the Haines Commun-
ity Planning area, indicating a broad range of development potential
that will be complementary to and compatible with existing and proposed

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -130-

governmental projects such as the Chilkat State Park and the enlarge-
ment of the Haines Small Boat Harbor.

The housing in Haines, considering the age of the community and the
marginal economic conditions that have prevailed over much of its
history, is in surprisingly sound condition, with less than 5% of
the 349 dwelling units found to be so deficient as to be considered
uninhabitable. The units classed as substandard constitute over 22%
of the inventory, but improvement is likely to be directly proportion-
ate to the state of the local economy, as maintenance of a safe and
decent home is normally a high priority for most people. Investiga-
tion of the various federal and/or state programs that can be of
assistance in residential rehabilitation efforts is also an indicated
element of Phase II of the planning program.

With respect to community facilities and services; although many de-
ficiencies were noted and will be discussed here, the range and qual-
ity of facilities and services provided is outstanding for a community
the size of Haines, and indicates that the City's public officials
have seriously attempted to meet the needs of the people of the
community. Phase II will provide a Community Facilities Plan which
will relate the needs to the City's overall revenues and fiscal ability
to make improvements to its facilities and services.

City and Borough administrative office space is adequate for the
present operations. The Police and Fire Departments, however, are
operating under crowded and inefficient conditions. Research should
be conducted with respect to the feasibility of a municipal building
to accomodate these public safety functions and the administrative
offices in a central location.

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES. INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -131-

The Public Works Department has broad responsibilities for mainten-
ance-and operation of the sewer andwater untilities, as well as
maintenance and construction of roads, parks, cemeteries,'drainage
structures and the boat harbor. The needs of this function for
additional vehicle housing, covered storage space for materials, and
a secure storage space for materials, and a secure storage structure
for valuable equipment should be addressed in the Community Facilities
Plan. The inflow and infiltration problems currently being experien-
ced by the sewer facility will require careful engineering, and most
likely a major rehabilitation effort to,sections of the old sewer
collection 1ines to correct.

The privately-owned electric utility plant and equipment, although
old, are maintained in good condition, and the utility is currently
adequate to serve the power needs of the community. For several,
years, the Schnabel Lumber Company,has been working on the construc-
tion of a wood-fired steam/electric generating facility at its Lutak
Inlet Mill-with an output sufficient to supply the electrical power
requirements of the entire community@, This generator, Waddition
to ameliorating the fossil fuel consumption of the diesel units now
in use, would serve to lessen the problems currently experienced by
the lumber company in meeting air quality standards. Haines Light
an-d Power would, under such an arrangement, purchase power from
Schnabel Lumber Company for distribution to its customers, and
would maintain its generators as "stand-by" capacity. The current
depressed condition of the timber industry and consequent shut-down
of the mill makes the completion and viability of this unique power
system less probable at this time, but research into this and other
alternative power sources should continue, as development of the
downtown commercial area will be inhibited by the current location,
noise and industrial appearance of the in-town power plant. Reloca-
tion of the present plant should be a long-range objective of Haines.

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -132-

The new sanitary landfill site is a well planned facility, and should
adequately serve the community for 5 10 years before expansion will
be required.

rhe over 10,000 volumes available at the Haines Public Library con-
stitutes a good collection for a community of this size, but the
physical space used by the library has become totally inadequate to
serve the needs of' the users.

The Sheldon Museumt with its excellent collections and enthusiastic
volunteers is one of Haines most impresssive cultural fac-ilities.
Actual construction of the new building for the Museum is now under way
and should continue to enjoy broad and enthusiastit community support.

The small but efficient police force does a capable job of meeting
its responsibilities. The depressed state of the local-economy does
not make it likely that an increase in personnel strength will be a
current priority of the City, but the need for future expansion of
the police function-and the relocation of its office and jail facility
to a central municipal building should be a consideration in community
facilities planning.

The Haines Volunteer Fire Department has long been one of Southeast
Alaska's most highly respected fire-fighting organizations. While
two of the pump trucks are 14 and 17 years old and will eventually
need replacement, the real pressing need of the Fire Department at
this time is for more adequate fire station space for parking and
maintenance of vehicles and storage of equipment. The devel'opment of
a new fire station facility, perhaps in a combined public safety and
administrative building as discussed previously, should be a high
priority item in the Community Facilities Plan.

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES. INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -133-

School system facilities are all in sound condition, and except
for an expressed need by school officials for additional office
and storage space, and improvements to the High School heating and
ventilating system, are adequate for present educational needs. A
vocational education facility is desired to expand the scope of ser-
vices offered by the educational system, and such a structure, along
with the'athletic and track areas currently being developed, would
essentially use up the*balance of the 16 acre in-town site owned by
the Haines Borough. A broadly-based Community Education Program is
currently bei ng developed. Such programs in other communities have
resulted in many benefits in addition to making school facilities
more available to"non-students in the community. These benefits have
been particularly evident in improved communications among people in
a town which, in turn, works toward a better and more cohesive commu-
nity.

An unusually active group of cultural, religious and civic organiza-
tions serves the community well, and, adds much to the quality of life
-in Haines.

Recreational facilities opportunities are another outstanding feature
in the Haines area, and show evidence of participation by many sectors
of the community. Good advantage is being taken of the scenic setting
and historic aspects of Haines in the development of parks and trails,
and the upcoming work on the proposed Chilkat State Park will further
enhance the open-spa ce use opportunitiesfor residents and visitors
alike. Besides being esthetically pleasing additions to a community,
scenic trails, adequate camping locations and pleasant parks are a
major factor in'attracting and retaining visitor interes .t and desire
to return. Haines, as a marine/surface transportation hub, should
take maximum advantage of the opportunities created by the many trav-
elers that visit each year. The City has adopted a plan for the

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES, I.NC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -134-

development of recreation areas and connecting trails, and the coordi-
nation of this@ plan'with the plans of other agencies and groups will
be one of the tasks involved in the preparation,of the Community
Facilities' Plan.

The recent departure of the Dentist from Haines leaves a gap in the
otherwise impressive health services locally available, and it is
hoped that the recruiting efforts currently underway will shortly
remedy this deficiency. The Public Health Nurse has stated the
need fo,rlsome additional equipment; and various members of the
community have expressed concern.for a more active and regular mental
health pfogram than is presently possible considering that the Re-
gional Psychologist visits the community-only on a monthly basis.

The 6.5 acres of developed area in the City Cemetery is felt to be
adequate for at least another 10 years. Both the Haipes Cemetery
on Sawmill Road, and the Historical Cemetery in Tlingit Park are
in need of restoration, clean-up, landscaping and adjustment of
headstones to facilitate mowing as well as more regular maintenance.

Te lephone service, both local and lon g distance appears to be ade-
quate for the present, and has excess capacity sufficient to accomo-
date community expansion. The Chilkat Valley News is a weekly (gen-
erally) newspaper that does an excellent job of covering local news
and providing a forum for the discussion and debate of community
issues. Many local persons have expressed the desire for the paper
to be published more regularly; that is, closer to the "weekly" than
to the "g enerally" stated in themasthead, but the paper is well re-
spected statewide as well as locally. the Haines Shoppers Guide also
helps to fill the desire for news of local events and upcoming pro-
grams. Although the Haines Network Television, through its network

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -135-

television programming and Juneau radio statfon rebroadcasting does
a good job of keeping Hainesites aware of regional, statewide,
national and worldwide news and current events,;there is an obvious
need for additional dissemination of local news, issues and "gossip"
than is currently available. Much discussion has.been conducted with
regard to the establishmentof a small FM public-broadcast radio
station in Haines to achieve the frequently stated objective of
improving local communications. It,is hoped.that further pursuit
of this practicalidea will be incorporated both into the Community
Education.Program and the Phase.II planning program so that expedi-
tious deci sions can be made and the necessary actions taken.

In general, the surface transportation (road) network i.s in good
condition and adequate to handle present community and traveling
public needs,, and the Highway Department and City Public Works
personnel do a generally competent job of snow clearance and main-
tenance, of the.area's roads. Phase II of the planning program
whould address the question of re-routin,g of the Haines.Cutoff High-
way on the U.S. side before paving in order to reduce grades and make
the.route more attractive to freight carriers.

The protected deepwater characteristics of the Lutak Inlet give Haines
the potential of being the finest port in Southeast Alaska. The nego-
tia.tions regarding acquisition of the Haines.Dry Cargo Dock (Lutak
.d.oc,k facility) appear to be coming to. fruition at this time, and will
do much to enhance-the community's opportunities in marine transporta-
tion activity. Once under local control, conside ration should be given
to fender replacement as well as the necessary dredging to increase
the 30 to 35 foot depth of water now available.,at the dock face at low
tide. Phase II will address the feasibility of further implementing
the.recommendations recently made in the Port Development Slydy.

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES. INC.'-

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -136-

Fishing fleet and small boat activity has increased dramatically in
the Haines-area in re cent years,'and the small boat harbor has become
totally inadequate to serve the needs of the cornmunity and transient
watercraft. Work 'is currently underway on a new breakwater and dred-
ging project which will effectively triple the area available for
floats and other facilities in the harbor. The Division of Waters
and Harbors of the Alaska Department of Public Works is currently de-
signing the layout of improvements within the protected area; the con-
struction of which will be dependent on the availability Of funding.
When completed, the Haines Small Boat Harbor will be a modern and
adequate facility.

One program which need not await-massive state or federal qrant funding,
however, is a general cleanup of the Portage Cove waterfront area. Such
an undertaking could be accomplished by a combination of civic organiza-
tions, volunteers and City forces and equipment, and would go a long
way toward upgrading the visual impact of this naturally beautiful area
for-residents and visitors alike.

The Haines Airport, while well located and situated on an adequate
tract of land is actually not an airport, but rather a landing facility.
The air traffic is steadily increasing and the potential for attracting
airborne tourists would be greatly enhanced by upgrading of the airstrip
facilities.. Runway lighting, construction of an adequate terminal buil-
ding with adjacent parking, separation of landside and airside traffic
ways and preparation of an overall airport development,plan are matters
that-should be actively pursued with the State Division of Aviation.

Much of the economic analysis and evaluation is contained within the
body of the Economic Base Study as it pertains to each sector of
industry within the Haines economy. Several items of special economic
interest, however, @eserve particular mention:

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase I)

A fish processing facility in the Haines area appears to be one of the
most promising economic development prospects. There,are several fac-
tors favoring such a development including interest expressed by a
major fisheries fi m. Local par ticipation and interest could aid in
the establishment of such a facility. Interest has also been expressed
locally in a fish hatchery in the upper Lynn Canal area. While the
runs in the Chilkat and Chilkoot drainages .have not deteriorated sig-
nificantly, anything that would aid in maintaining good levels of re-
turning,salmon to the@area-would naturally enhance the continued via-
bility of the Haines fishery and should be encouraged.

Tourist -traffic will increase, but the economic benefit will be largely
dependent.on.the actions taken by local businesses to provide.tours,
services and amenities attractive to the various types of tourists
and travelers. Tourism in Klukwan has.traditionally been i.nhibited
by the location.of the U.S. Customs and Immigration station in Haines.
Traffic is hesitant to stop between the CanadiAn-border.and the station
because of Customs regulations. This situation will.be corrected with
construction of the new.station at the border. Thus, tourism could be
more@significant if the people of Klukwan wish,to encourage visitors.

The transportation industry is so diverse that it is affected by vir-
tually every economic activity. It will continue to grow from influ-
ences such as gas pipe.line activity, timber, tourism, timber, fish
processing, freight and other activities. Local control and planning
of waterfront facilities can aid in the development of thi-s important.
sector of the Haines economy.

It now appears that the possibility of an Alaska Highway natural. gas
pipeline route is coming under more serious consideration in Washington,
D.C. The community should stay carefully aware of@this matter in order
to plan for construction impact and development possibilities that
might occur were an Alaska Highway route eventually selected.

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -138-

IV. GOALS AND OBJECTIVES

The purpose of this chapter is to provide an
abstract of the.,citizen participation that has
been a part of Phase I; and from the input of
local citizens, to articulate a set of goals
and,objectives for Haines that will provi-de
direction to the preparation of the Comprehen-
sive Plan in Phase II of'the planning process. F

One,of the most important aspects of the Phase I project involved the
community questionnaires; the 3 public mee'tings; the establishment of
3 study groups which devoted many hours of discuss-ion and deliberation
to the topics of economic development, social development and community
services; and-the conversations with community leaders and ordinary
citizens ... in short; the gaining of a degree of insight as to what
the local people want to happen in Haines.

The three volunteer Study-Groups met for a total'of almost 200
It person/hours", and discussed a broad range of physical, social, eco-
nomic and environmental issues that bear on the future growth and de-
velopment of Haines. Some of the ideas discussed involved topics of
immediate and practical application, while others were more esoteric
and concerned with long-range future potential. Each,is 'equally val-
uable to the study, however, as they represent a cross-section of
opinion in Haines, and an important indication of the types of policy
direction that the local people desire to see their ele cted offic ials
pursue for their community-

The following is a brief summary (by major topic) of the discussicns,
addressed at the 8 individual meetings of the groups:

Education - Th e community education concept was advanced as well as
the need for vocational education geared to community eMDloyment

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES, INC..

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase I) @-139-

opportunities; the possibilities.of a skill center; a municipal po-
lice academy; a !folk.school" with respect to arts and crafts*, and
an increased effort in day-care for pre-school-children.

Transportation Discussion included a broad range of transportation
issues ranging from the development of a.snow removal plan to the ad-
vantages that might.accru.e to Haines as a result of an express (Haines
to Seattle) State ferry run. Also deliberated were such topics as an
lion-call" bus service for local transportation, charter boat and
lightering services, airport improvements and expansi.on, year-round
trails4 and local control'of the major dock facility at Lutak Inlet.

Fisheries,.- In addition to:dis-cussion of the pros and'cons of 1imited
entry, discussion included questions of the feasibility of a hatchery,
a cooperative cold storage and a fish,processing facility. Suggested
also.was a local tax on non-resident.commercial fishermen.

While timber and mi ning were discussed, the present uncertainties re-
garding these industries lead the study group to conclude that the
market.con.ditions and@other factors impacting these economic sectors
were not matters that could be altered by local action..

Tourism received agreat amount of discussion, and included a number
of attitudinal- suggestions that could hopefully-improve the image of
Haines as a pleasant place to visit., These comments involved town
cleanup and spruce-up activities., friendly and hospitable treatment.
of visitors and adoption@of anvoverall "theme" that would.enhance
visitor interest in the.community. Other topics touched on the Chi,lk at
State.Park, local bus tours, -crafts workshops, Chilkat Dancers, a
"living.vil.lage", entertainment, and other attractions and amenities
that might heighten the appeal,of Haines to.tours and individual
travelers.

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -140-

Energy and petroleum were well discussed from a number of varying
viewpoints. Interest ranged from exploration of alternative elec-
trical power sources (including tidal power, hydro, wind power, and
Schnabel Lumber's unique wood-fired steam/electric possibility) to
expressions of support for an Alaska Highway route for Prudhoe Bay
natural gas, which might open up several possibilities for Haines
through utilization of the military pipeline corridor, tank farm
and POL dock facilities.

Health and social services discussions; besides expressing concern
for recruiting a dentist for Haines, stated the need for better men-
tal health programs, including marriage, family, alcohol and drug
counseling; a "crisis line", and a preventative medicine program.

Library deliberations indicated a desire for the Borough, under its
educational power, to.assume responsibility for library services in
order that the facility might be expanded and coordinated with the
other library services available. Broadening of service to include
satellite facilities and/or a bookmobile was also suggested along
with the desire to have records, films, tapes, microfilm and other
media more readily available.

Discussions that related to the Museum and historic preservation en-
couraged community support of the new building, and better utilization
of the excellent collections contained in the facility. Within this
general topic, thought was also given to the creation of a "historic
district" which might include the Mission property, Tlingit Park, Fort
William H. Seward and the intervening waterfront areas. Restoration
and development of the historic Dalton Trail came in for discussion,
as well as identification and restoration of key archeological sites,
cannery properties and historic cemeteries.

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES. 1NC-

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -141-

Communications discussions centered on the need to keep local people
informed as to what was happening in the community, and included
suggestions regarding a community bulletin board, local informational
programming on the cable television channels, addition of a local
radio channel to the system, and the need for more frequent publica-
tion of the local newspaper. Educational t.v., use of the Canadian
satellite and a civil defense radio network were also topics of dis-
cussion, but therecurring theme that ran through each of the study
groups deliberati-ons favored the establishment of a small FM public
broadcasting facility inflaines for the.dissemination of local news
and announcements, and the' forum.it would provide for discussion and
-debate of local issues as-well as general interest non-commercial
radio programming.

Native affairs discussion brought out the.-need for improved communi-
cations between the Native and=n4ative 'communities. The potential
for the community-education@program to assist in building this "bridge"
and the importance of the older Tlingit people passing on their skills,
crafts and traditions were major topics of discussion, as was the de-
sirability of more active Native participation in civi,c and political
affairs in Haines.:

Deliberation of the subject of trade and services revealed concern
over the continuing shortages of dairy products and fresh produce
,during the tourist season, and included discussion oftooperative
buying ventures., and the need in the school system for courses in
retailing and distributive trades. Also touched on in these discuss-
ions.was the question of desirability of gift shops or outlets for
local arts And crafts work being located in the proximity of cruise
ship docking or lightering facilities4',

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES. INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -142-

Recreation was discussed in considerable depth by two of the study
groUDS with a host of ideas emerging including a clearinghouse for
the 'krade, sale or loan.of sports and recreational equipment, and-
some improved method of desseminating information on recreation ac-
tivities in the community. Interest- was high in develooment of the-
trail system for year-round use. and a-center for winter youth activi-
ties. Social and recreational programs for the senior citizens was
a.topic of discussion, as was the potential for community education
to be effective-in devising programs of this.type including arts and
crafts and a broad parks and recreation program., Protection of wild-
.life habitat to maintain recreational quality-, the need for a youth
hostel; scuba diving and the desire-for an indoor swimming pool. were
the other subjects touched on in this broad-ranging discussion.

In the field of kublic safety, crime prevention and the need for dis-
patcher services; along wi-th the Fire Department's pressing need for
vehicle and equipment.housing and storage, were the principal.topics
of discussion. The need for additional fire hydrants was also stated.

Water and sewer facilities as well as solid waste disposal were topics
of discussion, and brought forth suggestions for energy conservation
through use of methane gas; use of sewer sludge for fertilizer and
other "recycling" ideas. Segregation of materials or incineration at
the landfill site to reduce the volume of buried matter and to aid in
recycling efforts was also deliberated. Community facilities discuss-
ions also produced concern at the condition of the City Cemetery, and
the desire for the development of a site plan for the facility as well
as a general cleanup and landscaping program to be pursued'. Renewal
of the Tlingit Park Historical Cemetery and other significant burial
grounds was also addressed in this discussion.

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

Haines Comprehensi ve Plan (Phase 1) -143-
The desirability of home rule for the' City of Haines was the recurring
theme of the discussions concerning local government. More efficient
use of personnel, improvement of'the tax base and annexation of the
tank farm and Lutak Inlet dock facilities were brought up in this dis-
cussion, as was the need for Native representation on local governmen-
tal bodies. An interesting suggestion was concerned with the develop-
ment of a "file." ofspecial skills possessed by local citizens who
might volunteer-to make their specialized knowledge.available to the
City Council as a civic contribution from time to time as required; the
intent being to make more knowledgeable public input available to the
City government..

Goals and objectives are statements of needs, directions and desired
trends that are Used to develop public policies, Plans and programs
in a community. The definitions used in this study are as follows:
GOALS - are broad, general statements of,desirable ends.
They are targets, or ideals to work toward.
OBJECTIVES - are more specific statements of intent. They es-
tablish direction toward a goal, and are capable
of achievement within a foreseeable time span.

The citizen participation element of the,Phase I planning.program in-
cluded 3 public meetings, 8 meetings of the study groups,, 3 Planning
Commission work sessions, analysis of 45 completed community question-
naires, and conversations with many local citizens. It is estimated
that over 120 individual Haines residents participated in these delib-
erations. The following planning goals and objectives a re felt to be
the sum of the public input achieved during the citizen participation
effort:

COMMUNITY GOAL

TO MAINTAIN AND ENHANCE THE QUALITY OF LIFE IN HAINES THAT MAKES THE
COMMUNITY A GOOD PLACE TO LIVE.

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES. INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -144-

Economic Development

GOAL

A HEALTHY, VIABLE AND STABLE ECONIOMY

OBJEECTIVES*

1. Achieve local control of the major port facilities
2.' Strengthen and encourage the tourism sector of the economy
3. Encourage the development of fish processing facilities
4. Investigate the feasibility of economically beneficial us es of
locally available limestone and clay deposits
5. Develop a positive local position regarding an Alaska Highway
natural gas pipeline route
6. Seek timber processing opportunities
7. Develop-a broader range of locally.available goods and services

Social Development

GOAL

A GOOD COMMUNITY IN WHICH TO LIVE, WORK, PLAY AND RAISE FAMILIES

OB JECTIVES*

1. Develop a strong and comprehensive community education program
2. Improve health care services
3. Assist and encourage preservation of the historical assets of the
community, including Native culture and artifacts, Fort William
Henry Seward, and the permanent home of the Sheldon Museum.
4. Encourage expansion of library facilities and services
5. Improve social relations between the N.ative and non-Native peoples
6. Assist and encourage arts, drama and music activities in Haines
7. Develop broader year-round recreational opportunities for all.
age groups
8. Improve day-care facilities and services

The numbers shown by the individual objectives are for convenience
of discussion only, and DO NOT indicate any order of priority.

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES. INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -145-

Community Services

GOAL

A FULL RANGE'OF NECESSARY AND DESIRABLE COMMUNITY SERVICES

OBJECTIVES*

1. Continue to improve public safety programs,facilities and services
2.. Improve and redevelop local.cemeteries-
3. Develop local-public-broadcast,radio
4. Encourage vocational education facilities and-programs
5. Work toward home-rule (governmental) status
6. Improve the water and sewer utilities
7. Maintain and continue to develop the parks/trails system
8. Seek increased efficiency and economy in local governmental
operations

Phase II of the planning program will continuethe public participation
that provided the@basis of the.,se goals and ohjectives,and will further
detail the objectives. Recommendations will include alternative policy
determinations that the City.Council may consider which will be designed
to work toward the accomplishment of these detailed objectives.

It should be remembered that all sectors of.the community have a stake in
and a respon.sibili.ty for the type of community that Haines will become
in the 5 10 year period coming up. PhaseJI will make recommendations
not.only to,the local governmental unit, but to the business community,
civic organizations, special.interest groups and others that can assist
in achieving the overall goal of making Haines_a good place to live.

The numbers shown by the individual objectives are for convenience
of discuss ion'only, and DO NOT indi cat6-any order of priority.

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) @-146-

V. GENERAL COMMENTS

In the course of the Phase I study, several
subjects were touched upon that are felt to
be worthy of some additional mention. These
matters are narratively discussed herein.

Probably the greatest "need" found in Haines.is not physical, economic
or environmental, but is the social need for a stronger "sense of commu-
nity". Broad participation fn the Community Education Program, en-
couraqement of civic organization assistance in project&such as water-
front cleanup, museum construction, [email protected] restoration, etc.
and continued efforts to improve communications between the Native and
non-Native communities can help in developing,this overall civic con.-
science..

Despite the fact that home rule status for the Haines Borough was de-
feated in a recent referendum on the subject, much interest was in'di-
cated during the course of this study for the City of Haines to achieve
home rule status. This possibility should be thoroughly investigated,
and should be one of the important areas addressed in Phase II of the
planning program.

The importance of the po tential of the Haines Cutoff Highway cannot be
emphasized too strongly. The development by the,Canadian government
of the Kluane National Park, and the establishment by Congress of the
Klondike Gold Rush National Historical Park, along with the scheduling
of develop ment work in the proposed Chilkat State Park will open up a
number of possibilities for maximizing the benefits of tourism in the
Haines area. In addition to the attractiveness of a Parks Tour po-
tential, the transportation sector of the Haines economy can look fo r-
ward to continued development of mining activity in the Yukon, much of
which will in the future find it more expedient to ship primary-processed

R. W. PAVITT AND A SSOCIATES, INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -147-

mineral concentrates over the highway to the Port of Haines than
going through Whitehorse and the narrow-guage railroad to Skagway.

The building in which the library is housed has become totally in-
adequate, and the Haines Borough should be urged to assume the re-
sponsibility for the library under its educational power, and move
to fully integrate the service into an areawide function.

During the final Phase I public meeting, the subject of retirement of
senior citizens in Haines was brought up as a possibility. A glance
at the population analysis contained in the Appendix to this report
will confi m'the fact that the tendency of older Aliskans.-to leave
the state upon retirement is not as prevalent in Haines as in most
Alaskan communities. Adoption of a positive community attitude to-
wards visitors and travelers goes a long way towards impressing people
with the friendliness of a town, and encourages thinking of the commu-
nity as a nice place to spend ones retirement years.

A"final comment ... Haines is a well-located commun'ity with a spectacular
physical setting, a favorable natural environment, a wealth of cultural
and historical attractions, and a nucleus of civic minded citizens.
Desp ite the present depressed state of the local economy, the potential
exists for a sound fisheries sector, an improved transportation and
tourism sector, and other advances in the viability and stability of
Haines' economic base. Enthusiasm alone will not achieve these goals,
but working together to reach the objectives expressed in this report
and agreeing on the policies that will emerge from the planning process
will go a long way towards making Haines into the kind of community
that it has the potential to become.

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -148-

APPENDICES

Appendix 1 Analysis of Haines population data derived from the
1970 decennial Census and.State and University sources.

Appendix 2 Maps.indicating.major faults and other lineaments for
(a') the Haines area, and (b) S-outheastern Alaska.

Appendix 3 Not available at the time of publication of this report;
will consist of a detailed topographic map ofthe City
of Haines.

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase I) APPENDIX 1 -149-

The following table is interpolated from information contained in the
U.S. Census Bureau PC(l)-B3 Alaska (General Population Characteristics
report of the 1970 decennial Census for the Haines Census Division.
This data covers Enumeration Districts 02,(Haines), 03 (Port Chilkoot),
and 05 (Haines outskirts); the sum of which is basically equivalent to
the Haines Community Planning Area. Not included are ED 04 (Eldred
Rock, Letnikof Cove, Moose Valley, Pleasant Camp, Mosquito Lake, St.
James Bay), ED 06 (Klukwan) or ED 07 (Terminal Reservation).

Haines Community Planning Area
Resident Age and Sex Characteristics; 1970

AGE MALE FEMALE TOTALS % OF-TOTAL
Under 5 yrs. 58 52 ill 10
9 63 61 125 11
10 - 14 77 58 136 12
15 - 19 46 54 100 9
20 - 24 32 40 72 6
25 - 29 42 38 80 8
30 - 34 37 40 77 7
35 - 39 38 35 73 6
40 - 44 32 28 60 5
145- 49 44 28 73 6
50 - 54 39 32 71 6
55 - 59 41 20 61 5
60 - 64 18 16 34 3
65 - 69 10 11 21 2
70 - 74 8 8 16 2
75 and over 5 14 19 2
Under 18 yrs. 237 218 455 40
Over 65 yrs. 23 33 56 5
MEDIAN AGE 27.'2 25.1 26.2

The 1970 Census data indicates that 328 Alaskan Natives resided in the
Haines Census Division, but does not give the distribution of the Native
population by ED's. The Institute of Social, Economic and Government
Research of the University of Alaska, in its publication Aqe and Race
by Sex Characteristics of Alaska's Village Population., indicates 109
Natives in Haines, 52 in Port Chilkoot and 92 in Klukwan. (Those are

R. W. PAVITT AND, ASSOCIATES. -INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plw(Phase I) APPENDIX 1- -150-

the only places covered in the Oublication within the Haines Census
Division)'. Assuming the correctness of both publica Itions, the Native
people comprised 21.9m of the total- population of the Census Division.
@The Native,population'of 109 in Haines was 23.5% of th e total population
and the-52 Natives in Port Chilkdot made up 23.6 of that community's
total residents. -Eliminating Klukwan, which is 92% Native, and assum-
ing a small Native count for Eldred Rock, St. James Bay, Letnikof Cove
and other areas not*included,- it is concluded that the Native population
of the Haines Community Planning Area in 1970 was 252, which is equiva-
lent to 22.4% of the 1,125 total residents in the area at that time.

The Haines population, both Native and non-Native, is significantly
older than that of.the State as a"whole. In the Haines Census Divis-
ion, 6.4% of the people are 62 years of age or.older, while only 1.8%
of the State's population is in that age group. Similarly, the median
age of 26.2 years in Haines is exceeded only by Valdez (27.7), Prince
of Wales (27.2) and Seward (28.7) Census Divisions; and is substantially
higher than the statewide median age of 22.9

Phase II will address the significance of this population analysis as
it relates to land use, employment opportunities and needs, and commu-
nity facilities in the community.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) APPENDIX 2* -151-

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

Untit o tin
study ="\
res

L.a*v

20*

Limit of
TIONO study orac
o-tv
at

GLA r?

Cops

ego
EXPLANATION 10'

Major fault
or other lineament,* Uml of linao
.location generalized study ore
rn
Minor fault
or other lineament

-7e
DAVIDSON
4@1-A LF le
0 1 2 3 4 5 041LE3 C*#
o 1 2 3 4 5 KILO)AZTE"31
Map of Haines area and vicinity showing faults or other lineaments.
Takenfrom Twenhofel and Sainsbury (1958), Robertson (1959; unpub. data),
G
r
ab ielse and Wheeler (1961); with additions by Lemke and Yehle (1972)
based upon airphoto and map interpretations.

R. !: W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES. INC.
Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase I) APPENDIX 2 -152-
140*
620 136* 1320
-7

U,
5 "OR wE3T
fit 01II&S.

P11614
0194
YUN2!L

J
Zw
i*,
T. rr,
op

a" IFAWAw

loo
0 10 - , . :. " ' , .II b
150 MiLE3 Ao"AU Jq
0 .100 too KIL01"R5 NO A

Sisk
OPIANATTON 6

pn
Well-defined. -Inferred..
Fault or other lineament

A A a A
Thr'ust fault
WALES
Dashed where inferred; IV I
sawteeth on upper plate
0
-(D Queen Charlotte' Islands: fault powrLAMO
Fairweather fault
Chilkoat Inlet fault
Chilkat River fault
Shakwak Valley fault 540
(9) Chatham Strait fault
(D Lynn Canal fault
(5) Totschunda fault system' QUEEN
CHARLOTTE
G Chuga.ch-St. Elias fault IS.LANOS

flap of Southeastern Alaska and adjacent Canada showing major faults and selected
other lineaments interpreted to be probable or possiblefaults, shear zones, or
joints. Taken from St. Amand (1957), Twenhofel and Sainsbury (1958), Gabrielse
and Wheeler (1961), Brew and others (1966), Tobin and Sykes (1963), Geological
Survey of Canada (1969a;--1969b), King (1969), Plafker (l969,-1"9'7-1)', Souther (1970),
Richter and Matson (1971) with addi-tions andLmodifications by Lemke & Yehle (1972)

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES, INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -153-

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT&

The outstanding public participation in the preparation of this study in-
dicates a strong interest among the citizens of Haines.in maintaining an
active voice in the growth and development of their community. The excel-
lent support of the Haines City Council and the continuing and enthusiastic
participation of the Haines Planning Commission provided the leadership for
this Phase I planning project.
HAINES CITY COUNCIL HAINES PLANNING COMISSION
Gail Wallace, Mayor Tom Haisler, Chairman
Dave Berry Patricia Blank*
David Foulke Steve.Homer,
John Halliwell Harold Horton
Harold Hannon Florence Lammers*
Nicki Hopper Bob Laurie
Charles Pardee David Nanney
*retired Terry Pardee
The assistance of the following individuals in the Phase I planning program
is gratefully acknowledged:
Layton Bennett Mary Hinman Tom Quinlan
Dave Black Bud Hooker Belle Sage
Dan Bockhorst Harold Hopper Frank Schierenb6ck
Marge Busby Dick Jackson Deborah Schnabel
George,Cannelos Maisie Jones George Schnabel
Allie Cordes Stan Jones John Schnabel,
Marty Cordes Harriett Jurgeleit Bob Schwalbach
Connie Fairbanks Neil King Rick Shabo
Pat Goebel Leo Land Sue Shabo
Mimi Gregg Ed Lapeyri Randy Smith
Rita Gregg Fred March Joan Snyder
Ted Gregg Vivian March Bill Sparks
Frank Haas Marge Matthews Mildred Sparks
Henry Hall Elsie Mellott Ran Stone '
Polly Hall Vivian Menaker Dick Turner
Gordon Hamer Beth McCradey Carl Ward
Bill Hartman Steve McPhetres Doris Ward
Edna Hatch Dave Olerud Susie Williams
Lee Heinmiller Faith Pease Retha Young
Ray:Hermann, Charles Pease Bill Zufelt
A special debt of gratitude is acknowledged to the following Hainesites
who gave tirelessly of their talents, time, and the love of their community
Tom Haisler Wendy Hyde Terry Pardee
Elizabeth Hakkinen Ray Menaker Vera Smith
Carl Heinmiller David Nanney Annette Viertel

R. W. PAVITT AND ASSOCIATES. INC.

Haines Comprehensive Plan (Phase 1) -154-

BIBLIOGRAPHY OF SOURCE DOCUMENTS

OEDP REPORT, City, and Borough of Haines.11975
THE FOREST ECONOMY OF HAINES, ALASKA,,'M.. R'. C. Massey & R'. C. Haring,
University of Alaska; ISEGR Report No.'20. .1969%
COMPREHENSIVE PLAN; HAINES AND PORT CHILKOOT, Alaska.St. Housing Auth. 1964
HAINES COMMUNITY PROFILE, Alaska Dept. of Economic Development, Division
of Economic Enterprise. 1975
WATER SUPPLY ANDSEWERAGESYSTEM STUDY, Haines,..Alaska, Engineering Sci-
ence of Alaska. 1970
COMPREHENSIVE AREAWIDE WATER AND SEWER PLAN, Haines,, Alaska; 'Engineering
Science of Alaska. 1972
PORT DEVELOPMENT STUDY@, George W. Davidson & William L. Gute. 1976
MINERAL RESOURCES OF SOUTHEASTERN ALASKA, University'of Alaska,' Mineral
Industry Research Laboratory. Report No.. 28. 1, 1971
POPULATION AND ECONOMY OF TH; HAINES-PORT CHILKOOT REGION, Dr. Richard
Cooley for ASHA. 1963
RECONNAISSANCE ENGINEERING GEOLOGY OF THE HAINES AREA, Lemke & Yehle,
U.S. Geological Survey (Open File Report) 1972
RECONNAISSANCE OF WATER RESOURCES IN THE HAINES-PORT CHILKOOT AREAV
ALASKA; James A.@RcConaghy, U.S. Geological Survey. 1970
SOILS.OF THE HAINES AREA; B. Schoephorster & M. L. Dixon', U.S. Dept. of
Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service.- -1967
PROCEEDINGS: FIFTH NORTHERN RESOURCES.CONFERENCE; Yukon Chamber of Mines,
Whitehorse, Y.T. Canada. 1975
ALASKA'S AGRICULTURAL POTENTIAL; Alaska Rural :Development Council. 1974
GENERAL POPULATION,CHARACTERISTICS,. ALASKA;.U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Census
Bureau. 1,971
ALASKA 1970 CENSUS ATLAS; Alaska Dept of;Labor, Research & Analysis Sec-
tion. 1974
AGE AND RACE 'BY SEX CHARACTERISTICS OF ALASKA'S VILLAGE POPULATION; Univ-
ersity of Alaska, ISEGR. 1973
PART I AND PART II: HAINES-SKAGWAY AREA LAND USE PLANNING STUDY; Alaska
Dept. of Natural Resources, Div. of Lands (Unpublished data) 1975

R. @9 E.

T A. State

lez

161

T. state

S 695
@tS chnabel Mill
-6tak Dock
PRO U tS PIPEL14F
,Uq
0 D FROMIJOROUG
TOI--Z
14
NATIONAL FOREST L
4-
ly

INES COM NIT-//
7
V, -PLAN G AR HILKOOr IN6 ALASKA SU

FOR THIS TICN
lial

.9 a
+

16 1
17

Liss, 160A
22 Z 24 2C
i.A. State
+;
Ir@ 25 14

L E G E N 0 4

PRIVATE

STATE
GOVERNMENT

FEDERAL
GOVERNMENT
18 11% 15
NATIVE (EXEMPT) +

21 22
us;& aS5
Tal,.ni
1,10.d
LAND TENURE MAP 30 a\ @0,
HAINES OVERALL A + +
PLANNING AREA T paration of th s report was fi %4jp part
SCALE: I" = 8000' roug a grant from the Department of Ho bWtg and
rban IS elopment, under th Section
HausQX Act qS_1W4rWks _J_

- ----------- __4_4---- t-

77
0 7

z 0

T 31 S
L E G E N 0

PRIVATE +

LOCAL GOVERNMENT
INN STATE GOVERNMENT 01
FEDERAL GOVERNMENT 2

CHURCH & QUASI-PUBLIC
(EXEMPT)

NATIVE (EXEMPT)

@11M_NOIM MI'm

LAND TENURE MAP

HAINES COMMUNITY PLANNING AREA

SCALE: I" a 1500'

SEC's 26.27,28,31,34.34 T 30 S
SEC*S 2.3.4 T 31 5, R SO E, C.R.M.
The preparation of this report was financed In part
through a grant from the Department of Housing and
Urban Development. under the provisions of Section
,701 of the Housing Act of 1954, as amended.

-7-71F-

255 0
253 C
256 0
2 _13
253 C 1256 C1 -2
2iiio
,3

53
'256 J i@ 235
D

260 A i
j . j -
258 A
258 A

53
2 a

256 A

2 10
239 A
2
X
C

is
255 C

Is
55
253

255 C.

is 259 A

3313
7--T 31 S
31 S

255 B Ch Gra :::y 5 ndy Lo:m, 3to 7% So es
L E G E N D
i
255 C Ch Gra y S:ndy Lo m, 7to 12% :.Ppes
255 0 Ch Gravvel IySandy Loam, 12 to 20% Slopes -.62
255 E Ch Gravelly Sandy Loam. 20 to 30% Slopes
255 F Ch Gravelly Sandy Loam, 30 to 60% Slopes 255 V,

256 A De Gravelly Sandy Loam, 0to 3% Slopes
256 B De Gr:vel:y Sandy Lo:m, 3to 7% Slopes 261 Ei
r t
256 C De G vel y Sandy Lo m, 7 o(2% Slopes
256 0 De Gravelly Sandy Loam, 12 to 20% Slopes 259 A 255 F
258 A Ka Silty Clay Loam 18
259 A Kina Peat of
260 A Maybeso Mucky Peat, 0to 3% Slopes
260 8 Maybeso Mucky Peat, 3to 7% Slop s
261 A Lu Very Gravelly . Coarse Sand, 0 to 3% Slopes
261 3 Lu Very Gravelly Coarse Sand, 3 to 7% Slopes Is a
262 EF Tolstoi Very Stony Silt Loam, 20 to 60% 119 A
9-262 Rough Broken Land Tolstoi Complex 255 c
9 Rough Broken Land
source: "Soil$ of the H.i- Are.. Al..-" bY the Soil C.--tl- S-i-..
18 Gravelly/Rocky Beach U.S. Departrrant Olt Agriculture, 1967,

53 Tidal Marsh SOILS MAP

HAINES COMMUNITY PLANNING AREA

SCALE: I" = 1500'

The preparation of this report was financed in part
through a grant from the Department of Housing and
Urban Development, under the provisions of Section
201 of the Housing Let of 1954, as amended.

R. 56 E@.@
-7--L
+ +
+

-USS. 654
USA 96 Uss. 967
-USS 3995
U@
07
--US.S. 374 U&S 94
IIZZ
7-

x I
/USS 946- @7
+ +1 +
U.
S 695
3
49-.... Schnab I Mill
49
AOL Lutak Dock
+ 4_ PRoourts PIPELj1A.F-
U.S.S+ 906 4- U;@ 17.-" EXCLUDED FROM @OROUG + +c@
AISS.3394 14 t 14 Us& 1492,,@
ronefli +
80y 4- 4-
2 A: @4 . 3 20 21-__. 23
2
U

27 -0,4
@Er-,,H At NES C TY/

MAPS
PLANN G AR
36,CKILK00% [email protected] S..I
74-- 7: F 0: :11@ ;T.."
jTION gal
6 16

pr@
7
* IS
20 Chilkat :0,: P.,k
4a
.9 sa 11 11 North U n It

r I
4<.
+ Ir
LJ-S5. 160 ACI
22 24 1 2
7. 41 T

14 4-1
25
+ 1243 jr
Kmhu
+ IM-

-4-

4
4
L E G E N D

-rr1o posed
RESIDENTIAL + +
Chilkat State Park
12 7 -7
INDUSTRIAL South Unit
ROCK/Ci RAVEL +
QUARRY 3 L- 18 15
RECREATION
+
+ + f +
10 PUBLIC FACIL+ES D. @.
2 19 21 22
VACANT 3 US,& 865 TW-i
+ + + + 4 + + +
7. as,- 00
LAND USE -MAP 25 L 30 a$'
+ IL
HAINES OVERALL a
PLANNING AREA reparation of hi a report was in zglIML in part
gh a grant from t e Department Ltning and
SCALE: I" = 8000' rb opnent, un er '0 Of. Se.!fn
o
k 59 ;@. @--L@01 e H 1@@-g Ac f d

7 30 S

AREA SERVED BY BOTH WATER AND SEWER

AREA NOT SERVED BY CITY SEWER

AREA NOT SERVED BY CITY WATER

AREA,NOT SERVED BY EITHER
C TY WATER OR SEWER

- - - - - - - - - - - - - -

WATER & SEWER SERVICE AREAS

HAINES COMMUNITY PLANNING AREA

SCALE: I" = 15001

The preparation of this report was financed in part
through a grant from the Department of Housing and
Urban Developnent, under the provisions of Section
'701 of the Hous ing Act of 1954, as amended.

42' (A

3EM

_LL

@OIIOIITI
... --------

0 d

CORPO@@TE LIMITS

st..
...................................... , P-1.
,Chilk Or

Lin on Oil Tanks
chill, C, "ll,
for in.

T 30_S
T 31
LIMITS
L_ E G E N D 0
TRANSPORTATION

STATE ROAD, PAVED
FAA Stall.
STATE ROAD.. GRAVEL

CITY ROAD, GRAVEL

................... SERVICE ROAD OR TRAIL

COMMUNITY FACILITIES

PRIVATE FACILITY FAA 0 T-

QUASI-PUBLIC FACILITY

PUBLIC FACILITY

-h - - - - - - - - - - - -

TRANSPORTATION AND COMMUNITY FACILITIES MAP The preparatian o
through a grant f
HAINES COMMUNITY PLANNING AREA Urban Developnent
SCALE: I" = 1000' 701 of the Housin

L A N D U S E

L I M I T S
2 2@

-- ---------

@-Ma

tj 2.

:,I RIr, .2

p k

0
F1 IM - - _11 M -.1 N
RUM,
..... : Wi@ !

..................

Ir
H.
ON.

......... .
INUM:

3
2

T 30 S
T 31 S 4+3 LIMITS
L E G E N D

..........
SINGLE FAMILY RESIDENTIAL

SINGLE FAMILY RESIDENTIAL MOBILE HOME

MULTI-FAMILY RESIDENTIAL

MULTI-FAMILY RESIDENTIAL MOBILE HOME PARK

COMMERCIAL .... ..

LIGHT INDUSTRIAL & STORAGE

HEAVY INDUSTRIAL
A

CHURCH & QUASI-PUBLIC

. ..........
RECREATION/OPEN SPACE

GRAVEL & ROCK QUARRY

UNDEVELOPED LAND

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 4

LAND USE MAP The preparation o
through a grant f
HAINES COMMUNITY PLANNING AREA Urban Devel0pnent
701 of the Housin
SCALE: I" - 1000'

SECIS 26.27.20.3 3,34,3 5 T 30 S
SEC'S 2.3,4 T 31 5. R 59 E, C.R.M.
CIOIIA-.1411
IIMITS.@

1101121111111k
36668 141048126