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                                          1993 UPDATE
                                            TO THE
                               FAIRVIEW AREA COMPREHENSIVE PLAN






            A REPORT OF THE PENNSYLVANIA DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES TO
               THE NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION PURSUANT TO
                                NOAA AWARD NO. - NA270ZO335-01



                             DER GRANT/CONTRACT NO. - CZ1:92.01PE
                                 GRANT TASK NO. - CZI:92PE.03
                                        ME NO. - 92269
                                 Coastal
         PENNSYLVANIA
                                                   ZonE
                                                                        


         The Fairview Township portion of this project was financed in  part through a
         federal Coastal Zone Management Grant from the Pennsylvania Department of
         Environmental Resources with funds provided by the NOAA.           The views
         expressed herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect
         the views of NOAA or any of its subagencies.


         The preparation of this Plan and associated maps was funded, in part, through
         a SPAG Grant from the Pennsylvania Department of Community Affairs, under the
         provisions of Act 8 A, approved June 30,1992, as administered by the Bureau of
         Community Planning, Pennsylvania Department of Community Affairs.
                                                                      
                                                                        











































































                                                                                 PREFACE













                                 INTIRCIDUCTION

      The Township of Fairview and the Borough of Fairview, Erie County,

      Pennsylvania, retained the services of Mourice Waltz Planners and

      Consultants to update the 1980 Fairview Area Comprehensive Plan.

      This Plan is to be considered as an update to the 1980 Plan and

      should be used in concert with the 1980 Plan.  While both documents

      are to be used for working purposes, some sections of the 1980 Plan

      have either been restated or summarized for the ease of the reader.




      The Comprehensive Plan Update consists of four elements:

      The People, The Land, The Infrastructure and The Plan.



      'The preparation of this Comprehensive Plan Update was funded in

      part through grant assistance from the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania

      through the Coastal Zone Management Program and the State Planning

      Assistance Grant Program.




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                    HISTCRIC SUMVARY OF THE FAIRVIEW AREA




      The small community of Fairview Borough was incorporated in 1868

      and covered an area of one square mile. William Sturgeon built a

      modest log building which was the first tavern.     The Sturgeon's

      were the first settlers of the area. A steam planing and saw mill,

      two wagon shops, a hardware store,     two millinery stores, drug

      store, and three general stores were the basic components of the

      shopping area in the 1870's.



      A surveyor named Francis Scott settled in the eastern portion of

      what is now Fairview Township.        This early settlement and

      incorporation made Fairview one of the County's original thirteen

      townships.




      The area receive d its name at the mouth of Walnut Creek. Colonel

      Forster and Captain Swan, who followed Francis Scott to the area,

      were standing on a high bluff overlooking the area when Colonel

      Forster exclaimed, "This is the fairest view I have seen yet."



      Upon reviewing records with the State Historic Preservation Office

      in Harrisburg, it has been determined that the only historically

      registered building in the FairviewArea is the Sturegon Building,

      site of the present historical building.













                                 TABLE OF CONTENTS



        THE PEOPLE                                             Page

             Growth Patterns and Projections                     1
             Housing Trends                                      5
             Future Housing Needs                              12

        THE LAND


             Introduction                                      16
             Natural Features                                  19
             E,xisting Land Use                                26

        THE INFRASTRUCTURE

             Community Facilities                              29
             Municipal Buildings                               36
             Community Water                                   41
             Community Sewer                                   43
             Transportation                                    45

        THE PLAN                                               51


        SUPPLEMENTAL STUDIES

             Fairview Area and the Pennsylvania CHAS
             Fairview Borough Capital Improvements Program
















                             LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS


                                                                     PAGE

       TABLE     1 1980-1990 CENSUS                                    2
       TABLE    11 FAIRVIEW BCROUGH POPULATION PROFILE                 3
       TABLE   III FAIRVIEW TOANSHIP POPULATION PROFILE                4
       TABLE    IV HOUSING PROFILE                                     6
       TABLE     V COUNT OF HOUSING UNITS                              9
       TABLE    VI HOUSING VALUES, W INTENANCE, VACANCY               10
       AFFORDABLE HOUSING WP AND TABLE                 Following      11
       TABLE eVII HOUSEHOLD PROJECTIONS                               14
       TABLE VIII EXPECTED TO RESIDE                                  14
       TABLE   IIX EXISTING LAND USE ACREAGE                          18
       BLUFF LOSS IMP                                  Following      25
       WATER SERVICE WP                                Following      42
       SE10ER SERVICE MAP                              Following      44
       FUNCTIONAL CLASSIFICATION OF HIGHWAYS           Following      50
       GRAVEL ROADS                                    Following      50
       LAND USE PLANS                                  Following      54











































































                                                     THE PEOPLE















                           GROWrH PATTERNS and PROJECTIONS




        Within Erie County, Pennsylvania, Fairview Township and Fairview

        Borough are two of twenty communities which experienced population

        growth  from 1980 to 1990.      Fairview Township grew by 321 people

        (4.27%), and Fairview Borough grew by 133 people (7.17%).



        Conversely, some Erie County communities experienced as much as 13%

        to 14% loss in population.



        The Fairview Area has experienced growth since 1960. Between 1980

        to 1990 the Borough of Fairview grew by approximately 7% and the

        Township of Fairview grew by approximately 4%.       There is no reason

        to assume that a similar growth rate will not continue to the year

        2000, particularly in light of proposed public water and sewer

        system expansions.     However, it should be noted that the Borough

        is depleting    its sources of available undeveloped land.            this

        coupled with the national phenomenon of smaller family size could

        result in a leveling of population growth beyond the year 2000.

        Through the use of the Cohort Survival Method of population

        projection adjusted for migration, Fairview Borough is projected

        to the year 2000, at 2055, Fairview Township, at 8519 and the

        Fairview Area at 10,646.













                                                                         TABLE I
                                         1980-1990 Pennsylvania State Data Center
                                                            Penn State Harrisburg
                                              1980 and 1990 Census of Population

               Municipal Name                          County Census9O                Censusao             %Change

               Erie County                             Erie           275572            279780                 -1.50
               Albion Borough                          Erie              1575              1818                -13.37
               Amity Township                          Erie              1034              1098                - 5.83
               Concord Township                        Erie              1384              1434                - 3.49
               Conneaut Townshi      p                 Er i e            1938              1893                2.38
               @
                 orry Cit                              Ifie              7216              7149                0.94
                 ranasville Borough                      fie             598               703                 -14.94
                   inboro,Borough                      Ifie              7736              6324                22.33
               ilgin Borough                             fie             229               235                 -2.55
               Ilk CrW Township                        ifie              1738              1775                2.08
                 ria City                                fie          10871a            119123                 8.73
               @ajfvjew aefough                        [fie              1988              1@5                 7.17
                 airview lownship                        fie             7839              7511                4.27
               Ftankl.l Town@hip                       Irie                                                    9.8@
               Girard     o r o u g                      fie             IM                12 1 1151           10.1
               @Irard jownshj@                         Erie                                                    0.
                 reene lownshi                         Erie              14M               flil                1.11
                 rnnfleld T?wnsh@p                       fie             1@171             i@'17
                 af orcree                                               1
                            k    owns ip                 fie               08           14 44                  1.1
               Lake City Bo                            [fie                                2JJ4                5
               Lawrence ParV@Nlflship                    fie             41N               4 4                 bAl
                   oeuf Townsp                         Irie                                15H                 @.40
               Wlhan Goroug                              fie             IN                4 b
               ,@c@@an,Tow@shipli,p                    Erie
                 I  cr eK     owns                     Erie              4Mi             414Hi                 T-H
                 ill %Iaq Borough                      Ir                125                                   0.@7
               Lth ast orough                            I'lee           4 1/              4@'N                1. 7
               @@fth E@st Township                                                         57j@                5
                   atea   orougn                       I rr 1 ee         6 W7              4                   Hi
               RrioVteld Township                      Irie                                                    @..h
                 mmi      ownsfilp                       rI e            HO                H151
               Union Township                          Erie              1735              1779                2.47
               Union   City Borough                    Erie              3537              3623                2.37
               Venango TowNhip                         Irie              2235              2089                6.99
               Washington       ownship                  fie             4102              3667                15.00
                 a t e r o r d orough                  I rie             149J                                  @: 85
               Werlord Nrisnip                           r16             340               IM,                 1  37
                 attsb       BMW                       Irie              416                                   5.26
               tyrie @olwlris ip                         He              26 9              1@60                4.98
               Wesleyville Borough                     Erie              3655              3998                8.58

















                                                                 2












 t                                    TABLE I I
                                 FAIRVIEW 96ROUGH
                              1990 POPULATION PROFILE


                            Persons           % of Total



      TOTAL  POPULATION       1988              100%


      Under  5                153                7.6
      5-17                    611               30.7
      18-20                    83                4.1
      21-24                    87                4.3
      25-44                   665               33.4
      45-54                   195                9.8
      55-59                    99                4.9
      60-64                    95                4.7
      65 and over             197                9.9


      Male                    944               47.4
      Female                  1044              52.5


      White                   1955              98.3
      Black                      5               0.2
      Indian                     0               1.1
      Asian                      0               0.2
      Other                    23                1.1

      Hispanic Origin          31                1.5


      -----------------------------------------------------------------
      Source:
      1990 CPH-1-40
      1990 Census of Population and Housing
      @@S@01)epartmjn@tof Commer
        o mi cs an atistics @6nistration
      Bureau of the Census





















                                          3












                                      TABLE I I I
                                 FAIRVI@W TOMSHIP
                              1990 POPULATION PROFILE


                             Persons           % of Total



       TOTAL POPULATION      7839              100%


       Under 5                441                5.6
       5-17                  1528               19.4
       18-20                  235                2.9
       21-24                  241                3.0
       25-44                 2136               27.2
       45-54                 1073               13.6
       55-59                  461                5.8
       60-64                  374                4.7
       65 and over           1350               17.2


       Male                  3838               48.9
       Female                4001               51.0


       White                 7738               98.7
       Black                    50               0.6
       Indian                    0                  0
       Asian                    50               0.6
       Other                     1               0.0

       Hispanic Origin          29                0.3


       -----------------------------------------------------------------
       S o u r c e :
       1990 CPH-1-40
       IS90 Census of Population and Housing
       U.S. Department of Commerce
       Economics and Statistics Administration
       Bureau of the Census
















                                      HOUS I NG




      INTRCIDUCTION



      Housing has long been a nationwide planning. concern.      Likewise, it

      is of critical local    importance.   Therefore, this section of the

      Fairview Area Comprehensive Plan addresses the condition of local

      housing stock along with its availability and affordability. This

      section will also cover certain elements relative to housing from

      the 1990 Census.    These characteristics are from the 1990 Census

      of Population and Housing, Summary Population and Housing

      Characteristics for Pennsylvania, Publication 1990 CPH-1-40.




      GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS




      Attached is a General Housing Profile for Fairview Township and

      Fairview Borough Table IV taken from the 1990 Census of Population

      and Housing, Summary Population nd Housing Characteristics for

      Pennsylvania, Publication 1990 CPH-1-40.         The total number of

      housing units within the Fairview in 1990 was 3,397. The details

      of those un I ts by un i t  type are shown on the general         housing

      profile.     About 94 percent of all units are single-family

      dwellings. Of these, an estimated 90 percent are owner-occupied.

      This high,percentage of owner-occupied homes typically is found in

      stable communities with higher than average residential property

      values.
                                          5


















                                     TABLE I V
                             GENERAL HOUSING PROFILE
                               FAIRVIEW AREA 1990

                                 Fairview Borough       Fairview Township

      Total Housing Units                723                  2674
      1 Unit Detached                    628                  2458
      1 Unit Attached                       6                   34
      2-4 Units                           39                    36
      5-9 Units                           37                    14
      10 or more Units                      4                   42
      Mobile Homes                          9                   90

      Homeowner Vacancy                   .9                    1.1
      Rental Vacancy                     3.6                    5.1
      Overall Vacancy                    2.0                    4.1

      Persons Per Owner-Occupied Unit    2.88                   2.91
      Persons Per Rental-Occupied Unit2.42                      2.25
      Persons Per Household              2.74                   2.93

      Owner-Occupied                      569                   2321
      Rental-Occupied                     135                    203

      Median Contract  Rent($)            348                    236

      Units with Deferred Maintenance       31 (5%)              101 (450


      ----------------------------------------------------------------
      Sourc -
      1990 8PH-1-40
      1990 Census of Population and Housing
      U.S. Department ot Commerce
      Economics and Statistics Administration
      Bureau of Census


      MULTI-FAMILY UNITS

      Multi-family units number 212 and are typically rentals.       Finally,

      it must be noted that mobile homes, which total 99 units, compose

      two percent of the Area's housing stock.


      Of importance to note, from the profile, is the overall vacancy

      rate of four percent. Such a rate can be regarded as "healthy".


                                         6













        rate of four percent. Such a rate can be regarded as "healthy".

         That is, it provides a fair number of units to meet the market

        demand while not providing an overburden of homes which could

        destabilize the market.  However, the vacancy rate is not evenly

        distributed among housing types. When a detailed analysis of the

        vacancy rate is made, one can find that the availability of single-

        family,-units is only .9% in Fairview Borough and 1.1% in Fairview

        Township. These are extremely low vacancy rates and do not provide

        for the desired availability of homes for purchase.



        HOUSING CONDITIONS

        During the preparation of the Comprehensive Plan Update, a

        windshield survey of al I housing units in the Fairview Area was

        undertaken. A map which shows the general location of homes with

        deferred maintenance deficiencies was prepared and will be used by

        the governing body for   rehab i I i tat ion programs. This category

        includes those homes which are in need of some form of maintenance

        beyond the annual maintenance cycle. The number of housing units

        with deferred maintenance is modest and accounts for only

        approximately four percent of the total housing stock within the

        Fairview Area.




        HOUSING COST and AVAILABILITY



        The Pennsylvania Housing Finance Agency (PHFA) determined through a

        1988 study,  ent i t I ed "Pennsylvania Housing", that Erie County

        provides affordable housing opportunities.  According to the PHFA,


                                7












      no more than twenty percent,(20%), of the gross income can be used

      for housing cost in order for housing to be considered affordable.

      Housing costs are impacted by a variety of factors, such as land

      prices and other development costs. If the costs incurred by the

      developer are substantial, then higher costs of purchase or rent

      are obviously passed on to the consumer.


              F"
      As presented in the 1980 Comprehensive Plan the Township had an

      abundance of high quality housing in 1970, with fifty-four,(54%),

      percent of the units valued at more that $25,000.        The mean market

      value of the Township's housing stock in 1970 was $30,832.             This

      exceptionally high mean value is directly attributed to the number

      of units with a value exceeding $50,000.       Not many communities can

      compare favorably to the Township with respect to the number and

      percent of   high   value   units.    On   the  o t h e rhand, less    than

      eighteen,(18%), of the Township's housing was valued at less than

      $15,000.



      Housing values in     1970 in Fairview Borough revealed that            the

      housing stock was    more modest in size and value, but it was in

      exce I I ent phys i ca Icondition.   The mean market value for          the

      Borough's housing stock was $17,343.



      According to 1990 census figures, the 1970 housing value trends

      still hold true today, with a median housing value in Fairview

      Township of $106,000 and Fairview Borough of $66,200 and                low


                                          8












          deferred maintenance units of four percent, (4%), and five

         percent, (5%), respectively.



         The above data simply reinforces the fact that certain portions of

         the Township can be considered upper-middle to high income suburban

         residential areas while the Borough is essentially a middle-class

         commu n i t y . Regardless    of   the   economic    differences,     both

         communities contain housing that is relatively new and in excel lent

         physical    condition    and   thus   offer    attractive     residential

         possibilities to persons with diverse economic backgrounds.



         Both Fairview Borough and Fairview Township have experienced

         significant housing growth since 1980, 26% and 22% respectively,

         which accounts for an overall growth in housing of 23%.



                                          TABLE V


                                      FAIRVIEW AREA 1980-1990

                                 COUNT OF HOUSING UNITS


                                          1980        1990     % Change

         Fairview Township                2193        2674      +22%

         Fairview Borough                   572        723      +26%

         Fairview Area                    2765        3397      +23%














                                       TABLE VI


                      FAIRVIEW AREA HOUSING VALUE STATISTICS

                                 MULTI-FAMILY UNITS

                                     Total Units    Mul ti-Fami ly Units 0/aTotal

        Fairview Township              2674                 126                5

        Fairview Borough                 723                86               12

        Fairview Area                  3397                212                6




                                    SINGLE FAMILY

                      HOUSING UNITS WITH DEFERRED MAINTENANCE

        Fairview Borough                 628                 31                5

        Fairview Township              2458                 101                4




                             FAIRVIEW AREA VACANCY RATE


                                      Cwner             Rental          Overall

        Fairview Township               1.1%                5.1%              5%

        Fairview Borough                 .9%                 3.6%             2%

        Total                                                                 4%






















                                           10
















                                TABLE VI Con't.


                               HOUSING VALUE 1990

                               FAIRVIEW TOWNSHIP

       Less $50,000   $50,000-99,999   $100,000-149,999    $150,000-1999

           162               733              542               219

       $200,000-299,999   $300,000-+   Lower Quartile Dollars

           202                78             $71,800

       Median                 Upper Quartile Dollars

       $106,000                   $152,700



                                FA I RV I EW BOROUGH

       Less $50,000  $50,000-99,999   $100,000-149,999   $150,000-199,999

          107                400              24                  5


       $200,000-299,999   $300,000-+   Lower Quartqile Dollars

             1                 0           $53,000

       Median                  Upper Quartile Dollars

       $66,200                         $80,400

       Source:
       1990 CPH-1-40
       1990 Census of Population and Housing
       U.D. Department of Commerce
       Economics and Statistics Administration
       Bureau of Census




                                                      (1988)



            ERIE
         CRAWFORD      WARREN     McKEAN     POTrER     TIOGA     BRADFORD  SUSQUEHANNA

                       FOREST                                             WYOMING
               VENANGO            ELK  CAMERON                    SULLIVAN
        MERCe                                            LYCOMING
                    CLARION                     --CLINTON                  LUZERNE
      LAWREN              Lilo S                                    OLUM
            BUTLER                CLEARFIELD                   M NT  R         CARBO
                    STRONG                               SNYDERN  U                         N
     BEAVER              IND"                    I                   SCHUYLKILL
         ALLEGHENY            CAMOR  13LAIR         UN
                                          NTIN 0      pMRy   DAUPH    0     BERKS
                    ORELAND

     WASHINGTON
                        SOMERSET BEDFORD  LTO FRANKLIN                                      HIA
          E



      NOTE: Moderate affordablilly problem means median-Incomo family of throo cannot afford average volon Affordabk
            price home under 1OX down option. Sorioun problom moans that madlan Income family of throo
            cannot afford wvoroï¿½a, solos price home with o1thor 1 OX or 2OX down.
                                                                                        LA" Anrordabk
      Source(*): State Tax Equanzation Vd.; Fed. Homo Loan Bank Bd.; Not. A33oc. of Homo BuIldom; U.S. Dopt.
               orvio**u3lng and Urban Dov.                                                Aff"dcNe










                         AFFORDABILITY OF RESIDENTIAL PROPERTIES IN 1988 BY COUNTY




                                          MINIMUM ANNUAL INCOME
                         1988             NEEDED TO PURCHASE
                         AVERAGE SALES    AVERAGE SALES PRICE          1988
                         PRICE FOR        RESIDENTIAL PROPERTY         COUNRY
                         RESIDENTIAL      -------------------          MEDIAN INCOME
    COUNTY               PROPERTIES       20%DOWN   10% DOWN           (FAMILY OF 3)

    ADAMS                $71,922          $26,096    $29,499           $29,063*
    ALLEGHENY             67,784           24,545    27,753             29,438
    ARMSTRONG             32,479           11,840    13,377             25,313
    BEAVER                49,249           17,622    19,953             16,188
    BEDFORD               22,889            8,625      9,708            24,563
    BERKS                 64,216           23,208    26,247             31,313
    BLAIR                 44,135           15,859    17,948             24,563
    BRADFORD              40,702           14,675    16,601             24,563
    BUCKS                140,662           50,201    56,858             31,188*
    BUTLER                61,923           22,349    25,279             26,563
    CAMBRIA               28,196           10,364    11,698             23,938
    CAMERON               35,399           12,847    14,522             25,063
    CARBON                71,020           25,758    29,119             29,875
    CENTRE                78,846           28,691    32,422             28,063**
    CHESTER              144,786           51,579    58,431             31,188**
       ARION              30,564           11,180    12,626             24,750
    -d.EARFIELD           26,211            9,679    10,920             25,000
    CLINTON               42,139           15,171    17,165             24,563
    COLUMBIA              47,621           17,060    19,314             24,625
    CRAWFORD              41,010           14,781    16,7@2             27,125
    CUMBERLAND            84,155           30,680    34,663             30,625**
    DAUPHIN               71,217           25,832    29,202             30,625
    DELAWARE             108,790           39,554    44,703             31,188**
    ELK                   41,694           15,017    16,990             28,938
    ERIE                  55,860           20,076    22,720             28,938
    FAYETTE               30,685           11,222    12,674             29,438
    FOREST                26,180            9,669    10,908             24,563
    FRANKLIN              62,442           22,543    25,498             26,250
    FULTON                39,519           14,267    16,137             24,563
    GREENE                28,492           10,465    11,814             24,563
    HUNTINGDON            39,217           14,163    16,020             24,563
    INDIANA               44,982           16,150    18,279             26,563
    JEFFERSON             33,214           12,093    13,665             25,500
    JUNIATA               24,209            0,023    10,169             24,563
    LACKAWANNA            76,176           27,690    31,296             24,625**
    *Less Affordable. Median income family of three cannot afford average sales
    "Least Affordable. Median income family of three cannot afford average
    sales price home with either 10 or 20 percent down, based on 28% of gross income..









   'ANCASTER             $78,676          $28,627   $32,350            $29,250*
   ,AWRENCE              34,336            12,480    14,105             25,750
   LEBANON               61,229            22,089    24,987             30,625
   ,LEHIGH               90,641            33,111    37,401             29,875**
   LUZERNE               49,269            17,628    19,960             24,625
   LYCOMING              50,446            28,048    20,435             25,313
   MCKEAN                27,683            10,187    11,496             26,188
   MERCER                35,480            12,875    14,554             26,188
   MIFFLIN               36,745            13,311    15,050             24,563
   MONROE                87,751            32,028    36,181             24,625**
   MONTGOMERY            139,102           49,680    56,263             31,188**
   MONTOUR               58,914            21,221    24,009             25,313
   NORTHAMPTON           95,903            35,083    39,622             29,875**
   NORTHUMBERLAND        32,648            11,898    !N,$$$             @$,%(t,#
   PERRY                 50,694            18,141    20,540             30,625
   PHILADELPHIA,         46,838            16,791    19 00.7            28,938
   PIKE                  105,027           38,297    43:26@             24,625**
   POTTER                30,567            11,181    12,628             24,563
   SCHUYLKILL            33,561            12,213    13,801             24,563
   SNYDER                47,339            16,963    19,203             24,563
   SOMERSET              40,671            14,664    16,589             23,938
   SULLIVAN              26,783              9,876   11,144             24,563
   SUSQUEHANNA           44,548            16,001    18,109             24,563
   TIOGA                 26,242              9,690   10,932             24,563
   UNION                 66,957            24,235    27,404             24,563*
   VENANGO               31,767            11,595    13,098             25,500
     ARREN               43,141            15,516    17,557             28,938
   4ASHINGTON            63,497            22,938    25,944             29,438
   WAYNE                 86,022            31,300    35,451             24,563**
   WESTMORELAND          54,822            19,688    22,282             29,438
   WYOMING               52,589            18,851    21,340             24,625
   YORK                  73,622            26,733    30,217             29,063*

   Sources: state Tax Equalization Board (average sales prices): Federal Home Loan
   bank (Interest rates);Nati.onal Association of Home Builders (property taxes and
   insurance costs); U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (median
   family incomes).
















                                FUTURE HOUSING NEEDS



      HC)USEHOLD PROJECTIONS

      A housing plan cannot concentrate on the existing housing stock

      alone. Housing is a dynamic arena, and new homes will be needed.

      Traditionally, there are three sources which drive the demand for

      new home-s.   One is to serve as replacement units for homes which

      are taken out of the housing stock due to abandonment, fire,              o r

      similar reasons. In contemporary times, a second reason has been

      the much discussed decrease         in household size, where a given

      population's need for homes will increase as the average number of

      people in each household decreases.           Finally, any     increase    in

      population will also result in an increased demand for housing.



      One element of this equation is to estimate the need for

      replacement housing.     Housing attrition, the     loss of homes through

      abandonment, conversion to other uses, fire         or natural calamity,

      is frankly, a difficult one to ascertain.           Various regional and

      national statistics suggest an annual average       attrition loss of .75

      percent to one (1) percent of the housing stock.              That number

      appearsmuch too high for the FairviewArea.          Unfortunately,-census

      figures are just not reliable enough to use for such fine-grain

      calculations.     Furthermore,    due to   the nature of     local    record

      keeping a precise figure cannot be garnered in that fashion.              We

      can state that, based upon the housing survey, only one to two

      units are in a dilapidated state.        Over a five year period,       this

                                           12











      number is set at only one to two, a very smal I count which wi I I

      only have a minor impact on housing needs.         The annual attrition

      rate is set between .2 to .4 units or .02% of the total housing

      stock.



      In order to estimate future housing needs, some type of household

      projection is needed.     Generally, this projection is a function of

      population and average household size. The result of that figure

      should present an accurate estimate of those "expected to reside"

      persons in the Fairview Area.        Based upon available demographic

      studies, a continuing trend of decreasing household size can be

      projected. Between 1990 and 2000, the average household size in

      the Fairview Area is expected to decrease sl ightly from the 1990

      count of 2.9 in Fairview Township and 2.7 in Fairview Borough to

      an average of 2.7 for the Area in 2000.



      The 1990 Census by       the U.S. Bureau of      Census records 22.96%

      low/moderate income persons       in Fairview Borough and        12.7% i n

      Fairview Township.       The  census further     records   1.7% minor i ty

      persons in Fairview Borough and .7% in Fairview Township.             These

      rates have been applied to the household         projection to estimate

      expected to reside projections.










                                          13













                                       TABLE VII

                               VACANCY RATE ADJUSTWENT

                           HOUSEHOLD PROJECTION YEAR 2000

                              Population        Household Size         Households

        Fairview Borough          2055                   2.7              761

        Fairview Township         8591                   2.7             3182

        Total                    10646                   2.7             3943

        Total  adjusted for .02% attrition rate/5 years                  3951




        it is estimated that the number of households       will   increase from

        3397 in 1990 to 3943 in the year 2000.         The resulting household

        projection of 3943 was then adjusted by the .02% annual attrition

        rate, thus a projected year 2000 households of 3951 .      This is based

        upon an average household size of 2.7 in the year 2000.

                                            TABLE VIII


                          NEW HOUSEHOLDS EXPECTED TO RESIDE

                              Total               LMI           Minority

        Fairview Borough         40                 9                1

        Fairview Township       509                65                4

        Total                   549                74                5




        REDUCING BARRIERS TO AFFCRDABLE HOUSING

        The Borough of Fairview recently updated          its zoning ordinance

        through a detailed review by the Fairview Borough Planning

        Commission.   During the review consideration was given to reducing

        barriers to,affordable housing.


                                            14











        The Township of Fairview recently updated both its subdivision

        regulations and zoning ordinance.       Du r i ng the update process,

        consideration was given to reducing barriers to affordable housing.



        Consideration included such factors as lot size, set backs,

        definition of mobile homes, required infrastructure andmobile home

        park regulations.



        The one remaining concern which will be addressed in the proposed

        land use plan is the need for developable land for more dense

        multi-family housing units.




        FAIRVIEW AREA AND THE PENNSYLVANIA CHAS

        A special section has been prepared which deals with the Fairview

        Area and the Pennsylvania Comprehensive Housing Affordability

        Strategy.    The recommendation of the Pennsylvania CHAS for

        Northwest Pennsylvania has been considered in the housing strategy

        and is contained in the special study section of the document.



















                                          15










































































                                                         THE LAND















                                             THE LAND




         INTRODUCTION

         The land and its features are an important element to be considered

         in the proposed land use synthesis.              Elements to be considered

         consist   of   t h e land's   regional    setting,     riverine and physical

         features,    soils and geology and existing             I and use.      Wi th the

         except ion of the loss of add! t ional bl uf f area si nce            1980,    very

         little changes in the physical features have occurred,               which is to

         be expected.       However,     there have been growth changes             i n the

         ex i st i ng I and use wh i ch wi I I be d i scussed i n deta i I . Wet I ands have

         become an important issue in the late 1980's and 1990's.

         Therefore, attention will be payed to this element, which was not

         previously discussed in any detai I in the 1980 Comprehensive Plan.

         Resou r ce maps wh i ch have had no s i gn i f i can t changes s i nce 1980 w i I I

         not be presented, but can be found in the 1980 Comprehensive Plan.




         LOCATION

         Fairview Borough and Fairview Township are located in the west

         central portionof Erie County.          The Township is bordered by Girard

         Township to the west and Millcreek and McKean Townships to the

         east. To the north is Lake Erie, and Franklin Township forms the

         southern border.        Fairview Borough is completely surrounded by

         Fairview Township and is situated at the crossroads of Routes 20

         and 98.




                                                 16












        The area is located approximately five (5) miles west of the City

        of Erie, and is in the midst of an important transportation network

        extending from Cleveland, Ohio to Buffalo, NewYork and Pittsburgh,

        Pennsylvania. The Fairview Area is located near Interstates 90 and

        79 which are the primary arterials connecting these three major

        cities. The Borough is 1.3 square miles in area and the Township

        is 26.9 square miles, forming a combined area of 28.2 square miles.



        The existing land use by acreage, as discussed later, is contained

        on Table IIX.







































                                        17
















                                       TABLE I I X
                              EXISTING LAND USE ACREAGE





        LAND USE     FAIRVIEW BOROUGH       FAIRVIEW TOMSHIP           TOTAL

        Residential         274                    2040                 2314

        Commercial           39                      112                 151

        industrial            1                      348                 349

        Vacant              412                    13193             13605

        Public               83                     1051              1134

        Streets/RR           88                     1038              1126






































                                         18















                                 NATURAL FEATURES




        RIVERINE



        The Fairview Area is part of the Great Lakes drainage basin and is

        drained by two (2) major watersheds.      The larger is Elk Creek,

        which flows in the southern portion of the Township, while Walnut

        Creek, in the eastern portion of the Township empties into the Lake

        in the northeast   corner of   the Township.    Additional   drainage

        occurs through a number of tributaries.   These include Porter Run,

        Brandy Run, Falk Run, and Goodban Run adjoining Elk Creek and Bear

        Run on Walnut Creek.     In addition, Trout Run and four unnamed

        streamsempty directly into Lake Erie. Detailedmaps are contained
        s

        in the 1980 Fairview Area Comprehensive Plan.



        Flood Plains in the Fairview Area have been delineated by the

        Department of Housing and Urban Development's Federal       Insurance

        Administration.    The official   FIA Flood Hazard Boundary Maps

        illustrate flood plains for the Fairview Area. Flood prone areas

        are located adjacent to Elk Creek, Walnut Creek, Trout Run, and

        portions of Brandy Run and Bear Run.















        TOPOGRAPHY

        The topography of the Fairview Area varies in elevation from 572

        feet to 1,180 feet above sea level.      Along the lake, a steep bluff

        rises an average height of approximately seventy (70) feet to a

        relatively level plain which extends as a narrow corridor along the

        entire south shore of Lake Erie.       This plain does not generally

        exceed an eight percent slope and in most of the area a slope of

        less than three percent predominates. The Lake Plain extends three

        to four mi les inland to a more pronounced slope, rising to a region

        of rol I ing hi I Is where eight to f if teen percent slopes predominate.

        Slopes which exceed fifteen percent in the Lake Plain are either

        the resul t of stream val leys which traverse this area or the resul t

        of wave action from Lake Erie upon its shoreline. Further south,

        steep slopes and escarpments have been formed by Elk Creek as I t

        f lows f rom east to west.      The highest elevations in the Area,

        reaching approximately 1 , 180 feet above sea level , occur in the

        southeast corner of the Township resulting in harsh terrain in some

        locations.




        Slope can be def ined as the measured change of the land surface

        f rom the horizontal distance.    A slope of one hundred percent would

        constitute a forty-five degree angle, where the vertical rise is

        equal to the horizontal distance.






                                           20











        Slope categories are defined and interpreted as follows:

        0-8 PERCENT-flat to nearly flat land where slope presents few or

        no constraints for conventional development.

        9-15 PERCENT-moderately steep land where slope may be an important

        factor in determining suitability for certain types of conventional

        development.

        16-25 PERCENT-very steep land where slope is a critical factor in

        determining suitability for certain types of conventional

        development.

        OVER 25 PERCENT-excessively steep land where slope is a prohibitive

        factor for all types of development.



        Given   favorable soi I   characteristics,    slopes of up     to  f i f teen

        percent are general I y assumed to be su i tab I e f or most      types of

        conventional development.         On slopes over fifteen percent,

        development problems tend to be more severe, and special

        engineering techniques and/or design approaches are of ten needed

        to properly overcome them.       Slopes exceeding twenty-five percent

        tend to be so ecologically fragile and pose suc        h severe problems

        for development, that they are considered to be undevelopable for

        all practical purposes.



        Areas wi th excess i ve I y steep s I opes shou I d be I ef t i n the i r natura I

        state and used as open space buffers.          Most of these areas are

        wooded stream valleys that perform an important ecological

        function-namely      soil    stabilization     and    erosion      control.


                                            21












       Consequently,    if any action    is directed toward these areas,        i t

       should be    to preserve and conserve       their unique character and

       function.       For  example,    various conservation methods and/or

       techniques could     be emp I oyed  t o prevent   further    environmental

       damage and to insure that such areas are protected f rom adverse

       development impacts.



       There are several steep slope areas in the Fairview Area and most

       of these are part of the Walnut Creek and Elk Creek stream val leys

       that pass through the Township. Other less extensive steep slope

       areas include bluff areas along the Lake Erie shoreline, small

       streams such as Trout Run which empty into the Lake, and portions

       of the escarpment that lay between U.S. 20 and the rai I roads.          The

       latter area is particularly noticeable west of Eaton Road.



       A slope map is in the 1980 Fairview Area Comprehensive Plan and

       will be used to prepare the proposed land use plan.




       SOILS



       Prime agricultural soil has unique chemical and physical properties

       which creat-e superb natural fertility.        Its most important value

       is its great food productivity.        However, these soils have many

       other resource values which       reflect their natural        flexibility.

       Prime agricultural land characteristically has gentle slopes, deep

       soil and good to excellent drainage.         These conditions are ideal


                                           22











        for all types of development activity and offer significant

        aesthetic and recreational value in addition to intrinsic

        agricultural value.



        Most of the original concentrations of prime soil have been

        eliminated due to extensive subdivision and development.         Fairview

        Borough is located in what was once one of the largest

        concentrations of      prime agricultural       soils in     the    Area.

        Development within Fairview Township is also generally occurring

        on prime soils, reducing the availability of prime agricultural

        soil in the Area.




        Soil properties affect the location, construction and maintenance

        of buildings. Soils are rated slight, moderate or severe in terms

        of the degree of limitation for development.      Most  of the problems

        encountered   in  land development    are related    to on-lot     sewage

        disposal.   Successful operation of a septic tank disposal         f i e I d

        depends on the soil's permeability and the depth to a limiting


        zone.




        Soil conditions which allow effluent to pass too rapidly or too

        slowly may not be acceptable for sub-surface sewage disposal.

        Other alternatives may exist such as small flow surface discharges

        and community systems.     These type systems, however, often times

        provide  additional -development     cost   and may    be   economically

        prohibitive.     Consideration to soils suitability is a prime


                                           23












         consideration in the Erie County Soils Survey and will be used to

         develop the Proposed Land Use Plan for the Fairview Area.

         SENSITIVE AREAS



         Sensitive areas consist primarily of flood plains, wetlands, bluff

         areas and special mud sl ide and erosion and steep slope areas. Al I

         of the above are present in the Fairview Area and mapped in the

         1980 Comp r ehens i ve P I an and w i I I be used i n t he Land Use Syn t hes i s.



         Since 1980 the bluff area in some locations has been reduced by as

         much as f ive feet, (see Bluff Loss Map at the end of this section).

         The Fairview Township Supervisors intend to undertake aerial

         photographs and detailed mapping of the bluff in late 1993 or early

         1994.     However, an attempt has been made to map this area in

         sufficient detail to be used in the proposed land synthesis. Low

         lying flood plain areas, found within the numerous stream valleys,

         are prone to f I ood i ng dur i ng per i ods of h i gh water or rap i d run

         off. These are considered unsuitable for general development due

         to frequent high water and/or flooding or consistently                          wet

         cond i t i ons due   to a high ground water           table.     Moreover,      the

         designated flood plains are highly regulated with respect to                    the

         type of development that can occur in the flood plain.



         Since 1980 when the Fairview Area Comprehensive Plan was prepared,

         there has been considerable change in the regulation governing

         development on wetland areas.            The major change deals with low


                                                 24











       wetland being more defined.   At the writing of the Comprehensive

       Plan Update, wetlands include those areas previously defined by

       the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, as well as all soils defined

       by the U.S. Soil Conservation Services as hydric soils or soils

       with hydric inclusions. In order to consider these wetland soils

       in the land use synthesis, the soils which are considered as hydric

       or with hydric inclusions have been mapped, the work maps are

       available at the Township office for detailed consultation.






































                                       25









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       P.O. BOX 191. SHARPSVILLE. PA 16150

















                                 EXISTING LAND USE


       INTRODUCTION



       The existing land use of a community is an important factor         i n

       helping to determine the current trends in land uses and provides

       one important ingredient in the land use synthesis to prepare a

       proposed land use plan.   Commonly, the existing land use is broken

       into several typical land use types, such as residential,

       public/semi-public,      recreation,      commercial       industrial,

       agricultural and vacant.



       During the course of the Comprehensive Plan Update, the existing

       land use of both     the Borough and    the Township were     updated.

       Existing land use maps have been prepared in work map form and are

       available at the Township and Borough offices. The maps will be

       updated on a daily basis as permits for construction, conversion

       or demolition are issued.    The maps were also used in the Land Use

       Synthesis which was undertaken to develop the plan.




       FAIRVIEW BOROUGH




       In the case of Fairview Borough the existing land use has not

       changed significantly since 1980, with the exception of continued

       infilling of existing available property and the provision of a


                                         26












         rn,'Jiti-family complex, located in the northern central extremes of

         the Borough. The general land use pattern of the Borough consists

         of predominate      corrme r c i a Ialong U.S. Route 20 with scattered

         residential uses; the northernmost area of theBorough is committed

         to  residential     use;   the   southwestern portion        is   c orrrn i t t e d to

         residential, agricultural, and wooded use; and the southeastern

         portion is corrrni tted to predominately agricul tural use with some

         scattered residential and commercial uses. The recreational uses

         are discussed in the Community Facilities section.



         FAIRVIEW TCW,4.SHIP




         In the case of Fairview Township, the only appreciable land use

         changes since 1980 are in residential land use consisting primarily

         of single-family subdivision activity.           The general land use trends

         of Fairview Township consist of signif icant residential development

         in the northernmost portion               of the Township with              other

         concentrations along various streets and roads within the central

         and southern portions of the Township.           The industrial activity to

         date   is genera I I y   located    in an east-west direction from the

         railroad tracks south to the West Ridge Road. However, this band

         running through the Township is not heavi ly concentrated and is

         scattered with some residential and public uses.








                                                27















        GENERAL

        The most predominate and extensive development within the Borough

        and the Township is that of residential uses.    As presented in the

        housing element of this plan, there has been a continual

        progression of residential development part.icularly in the

        Township.    The Borough is rapidly approaching a built out

        schematic, unless additional properties are made available for

        residential development.    However,   in the case of the Township

        there is significant property remaining for such residential

        development. Of importance to note is that there is one land use

        that does not   appear  to be of particular abundance within       the

        FairviewArea.   This is the mediumdensity land use of multi-family

        development.



        There is also not much commercial development within the Township,

        particularly in the formof clustered commercial areas which could

        serve neighborhoods or clusters of neighborhoods for convenience

        activity.   It would also appear that additional areas should be

        considered for industrial development activities, particularly in

        the area close to the intersection of Route 98 and Interstate 90.



        The acreage in the various land use types within the Borough and

        the Township has been calculated and previously presented.






                                         28


































                                                           TIHE
                                                            NFRASTRUCTURE














                                OCKMJNITY FACILITIES




       Since 1980, community faci I I ties in the Fairview Area have changed

       a great deal. This section will address those changes and evaluate

       recommendations for future community facilities for the Fairview

       Area.




       EDUCATICN FACILITIES



       Presently, the Fairview School District maintains one elementary

       school, a middle school, and a high school. Because of the rural

       suburban elements of the Area, most of the students are bused to

       and from the schools.




       Chestnut Elementary School

       Built In 1927 as a high school, the first major renovations and

       additions to the building occurred in 1937 and 1952.             A second

       addition was added in 1972. The bui Iding is a two-level , crescent-

       shaped structure of 62,761 square feet and comprises the complete

       educationa.1   facilities    f o rgrades   kindergarten    through    four.

       Located on a 13.8 acre site at 7554 Chestnut Street, the building

       contains sixteen (16) general classrooms wi th separate art, general

       music, resource, computer lab and cafeteria areas.



       Enrol Iment for the 1992-93 school year was 620 students, wi th a


                                           29












      staff of 38 teachers, a nurse, a guidance counselor and a

      principal.



      By the year 2000, enrollment at Chestnut Elementary is anticipated

      to be near 757 students.       This will place operating beyond the

      functional capacity with severe program limitations.



      Garwood Middle School

      Build in 1961 as a high school, this building has been expanded to

      its current 90,000 square feet of instructional space.       The Garwood

      Middle School is a four year comprehensive academic middle school

      housing grades five through eight.      The building is a single story

      structure located on 39.66 acres, at 4967 Garwood Street.



      Enrollment for the 1992-93 school year was 550, with a staff of 35.

      By the year 2000 projected enro I Iment wi I I be at 621 .            This

      projected enrol Iment is somewhat of a problem as the building is

      exceeding capacity at      the present    time.    This bui Iding    is a

      candidate for renovation and expansion to meet the needs of the

      instructional program.



      Fairview High School

      Constructed In 1973, this open plan school at 7460 McCray Road, has

      been modified to accommodate program requirements.               Spreading

      across 154,848 square feet of space, this three story split-level

      building has a student commons which serves as a foyer for the


                                         30











      cafeteria, auditorium, gymnasium and anatatorium.



      Enrollment for the 1992-93 school year was 530 with a faculty of

      33.    This high school currently has instructional programs for

      grades 9 through 12.       It is felt that this school        is adequate to

      handle school growth for the coming years.





                       PAST AND PROJECTED SCFlOOL ENROLLIVIENT

                        YEAR             ENROLLIVIENT


                        1980                 1948
                        1981                 1850
                        1982                 1837
                        1983                 1800
                        1984                 1751
                        1985                 1744
                        1986                 1753
                        1987                 1790
                        1988                 1749
                        1989                 1757
                        1990                 1749
                        1991                 1751
                        1992                 1779
                        1993                 1800
                        1994                 1852
                        1995                 1880
                        1996                 1910
                        1997                 1967
                        1998                 1992
                        1999                 1997
                        2000                 2026


      These figures represent a modest, yet, steady growth pattern over

      the past ten years.



      Within any school district it is important to note the need for

      additional educational processes beyond the traditional learning


                                            31











       experience.   The Fairview School District has a wide variety of

       such learning programs.

       Special Education Programs

       The Fairview School District provides appropriate education for all

       identified exceptional children, through its own District-operated

       program thorough the Intermediate Unit program, or thorough

       approved private schools.       These programs and services are

       organized to effectively and efficiently meet the needs of

       exceptional children. District-operated programs for exceptional

       children (gifted) include participation in ProgramEnhance sponsored

       by Edinboro University of Pennsylvania.



       The District uses the services of the Northwest Tri-County

       Intermediate Unit #5 to conduct programs for the Educable Mentally

       Retarded, Trainable Mentally       Retarded, Profoundly      Mentally

       Retarded, Emotionally Support, Neurologically Impaired, Physically

       Support, Speech and Language Impaired, Hearing Impaired, and Vision

       Impaired.



       Exceptional students may also participate in programs offered at

       the Erie County Technical School.   Several exceptional students are

       presently enrol led in vocational    programs and are supported by

       facilitators, who are professionals assigned to assist.



       Exceptional students are mainstreamed to the maximum extent

       possible.   Gifted and Speech/language students are enrolled in


                                        32












        regular classes the majority of the school day. Physical Support

        and other exceptional students also are mainstreamed; these special

        education students are eligible for the same services and programs

        that   are made available       to other    students.     Fairview School

        District school administrators are aware of the possibility, that,

        students participating in special education services outside the

        District could be required to attend school within the Fairview

        School District in the future, especially those students attending

        classes    in neighboring school      districts;   such an action would

        require employment of additional -teaching staff and designation of

        additional classroom/laboratory areas.



        Education Support Services

        Located on a site of approximately fourteen acres at the Chestnut

        Elementary School is a large tract of non-instructional or

        cocurricular    use.    The   two  bu i I d i ng t ranspor tat i on  center/bus

        garage i s capab I e of hous i ng twenty- three buses under i ts roof .

        Other areas are designed for support service personnel, such as,

        director, food service, support staff, and mechanic repairs.



        Located at 7460 McCray Road the central administrative personnel

        are accommodated in a two-level rectangular brick structure. This

        one acre building sits prominently between FairviewHigh School and

        Garwood Middle School.            District Superintendent, Assistant

        Superintendent, Controller, and supporting personnel occupy this

        building along with the tax office. A Board of School Directors'


                                             33












       meeting room      is available on the top level with an auxiliary

       meeting room on the lower level.



                               RECREATION FACILITIES

       Within any community the need for       recreation faci I ities   is as

       essential as the need for water, sewer and shelter.     With the close

       proximity to Lake Erie and the associated facilities and current

       programs offered by the Fairview Area Recreation Authority little

       is   necessary    to   enhance    the   community-wide     recreational

       opportunities for the Fairview Area.         The following narrative

       includes a listing of the activities offered for the residents of

       the Fairview Area.




       Fairview is unique in that     it has a very active and successful

       Recreation Authority (FRA), which coordinates programs year round for

       residents of both Fairview Township and Fairview Borough.           Each

       member of the FRA is appointed by the Borough of Fairview, Fairview

       Township, or the Fairview School District. There are seven members

       on the Board.       With four lists of programs for year-round

       activities, these programs are sent to each resident.     The programs

       do vary in content and number f rom season to season and year to

       year .  A fee is charged to each participant which covers in most

       cases,  the expenses.     However,   it must benoted that not all

       programs are financially successful.       Most of the programs have

       paid instructors, and programs are cancel led if the minimum number

       of participants needed to cover expenses is not reached.


                                          34












        The Fairview Area also offers many private recreational activities,

        i nc I udi ng:

           WLD RANCH    located on Woolsey Road which        is owned by      the
         Federated Church    of  East   Springfield.     This  faci I ity  offers
         religious retreats for youth and adults as well as a variety
         of other activities, such as , horsemanship, archery, riflery
         and swimming in season.

        -CAIVF NOTRE DANE originally began as a boys retreat which was
         used from June through August, but has evolved into a residential
         camp for boys and girls for year-round use.         The center of the
         surrrne@r activities include fen cabins, dining hall, game room,
         chapel , administration building, bathroom/shower buildings, paved
         area for basketball, volley ball and tennis, a large fenced in
         area of barnyard fowl and animals, ball field, three acre pond
         for boating and fishing, nature and craft center and miles of
         hiking trails. There is also a modern swimming facility in this
         area.   A total of 851 children attended the camp in the summer of
         1992. The staff consist of college age students, some of which
         are specialists in handling hearing impaired programs.

        -CAW HAWTHRONE RIDGE is owned by the Penn Lakes Girl Scout
         Council.
         This property is used year-round by the Girl Scouts from five
         Pennsylvania counties and one Ohio township. Over 4,980 girls
         and adults visited the site for camping experiences and day events
         during 1992. There are five winterized cabins, two with indoor
         bathrooms, four platform tent units, and a large nonwinterized
         hall. There are also open areas for hiking, cross country skiing,
         and a new swimming pool.





















                                           35















                             KUNICI PAL BU I LIDINGS


     Fairview Township Municipal Building

     Built on a five acre lot in 1964 on McCray Road, this building is

     in excel lent condition.    With offices for the Zoning Officer,

     Planning Commission Secretary, Municipal Authority and an area in

     the conference room for the Township Secretary, it is felt that it

     is adeqfUate for future and present needs of the Township

     government.  There is also a large garage and work area to the rear

     of the building which houses the Township road equipment.



     Besides being a place for many Township activities,this building

     is also the location where the Township of Fairview holds

     elections.




     Although it is in excel lent physical condition, this building is

     not handicapped accessible.       Therefore, the Supervisors are

     presently preparing to make handicap accessibility improvements to

     the entrance as well as the bathroom facilities.



     While, the Township Municipal Building is adequate to meet future

     and present needs of the Township government, it is proposed and

     plans are underway to construct a building to house the Municipal

     Authority adjacent to the Township Building.







                                     36













     Fairview Borough Municipal Building

     This one story brick structure built on Franklin Street houses

     offices for the Borough Secretary and the Police Chief as well as

     administrative offices and the Borough Council chambers. Sharing

     4.1 acres of land with the Borough's well field and water storage

     tank, the bu i I d i ng i s i n good phys i ca I cond i t i on and i s adequate

     to meet the needs of the Borough for the future.



     For the most part this building is handicapped accessible; with

     the only barrier being the entrance to the building.     The bathrooms

     and inside the building are handicapped accessible.     For the future

     there may be a need to renovate the building's entrance in order

     to remove any barriers.




      Fire Protection

     Fire protection    is provided by the Fairview Firemen's Rel ief

     Association, a volunteer fire department which operates and

     maintains two f ire stations in the Fairview Area.        Station One

     which is located in     the Borough on East Main Street,      is a new

     building which was purchased in 1981.    Additions were subsequently

     added to the building.   Fire Station Two is located in the Township

     on West Lake Road near Eaton Road.



     The Association has a total of twenty-six (26) f ire f ighters and

     twelve (12) fire police who have received special training in fire

     f ighting and rescue techniques as wel I as f irst aid training.   This



                                        37











     organization also holds fire drills once a week and attends fire

     protection seminars.     There is also an eighteen (18) member

     auxiliary.    As in any organization success depends upon the

     generation of funds.    These funds are generated by the auxiliary

     holding dinners at Fire Station One. Fire Station One also has a

     social hall which is rented for showers, weddings, etc.    Funds are

     also generated through the solicitation of the residents of the

     Fairview, Area,  a turkey   raf f I e and an open house.    This all

     volunteer organization also has several f ire protection programs

     offered to the children of the Fairview Area.




     Equipment

     Station One Houses:

     1. A 1970 maximum pumper equipped with a 1000 gallon/minute pump
        and a 750 gallon water tank.

     2. A 1992 International tanker 1000 gal Ion/minute pump, 3000 gal Ion
        water tank.

     3. A Heavy Reasquel 1977 Chevy maximum Bodry 250 gal Ion/minute 300
        gallon water hydraulic rescue tool.       The rescue truck   is
     equipped with a full compliment of equipment including axes,
     saws, jacks, life lines, oxygen equipment, etc.

     Station Two Houses:

     1. An 1800 gallon tanker equipped with a 400 gallon/minute pump.

     2. A 1986 Grunman fire cat 1000 gallon/minute 1000 gallon tank.

     3. A 1984 Horton ambulance.

     This volunteer fire rescue service is also aided by a Paramedic

     unit provided by the West County Paramedic Association.



     The Department receives approximately 631 calls per year.       These

                                      38












        calls consist of 376 ambulance, 46 WA, 80 fire, 8 vehicle fires,

        7 grass fires, 4 hazardous materials, 100 miscellaneous.



        The average response time for a fire call is approximately five to

        eight minutes; approximately three minutes are required to

        mobilize the equipment.     Only a small portion of the Township lies

        beyond the generally accepted three mile service area radius for

        the suburban-rural area.




        Presently, even with the increase in development within the

        Fairview Area, i t is fel t that the Department adequately handles

        the emergencies as they arise.



        I t needs to be noted that there is a mutual aid agreement wi th

        municipalities outside of the Fairview Area in the case of a major

        fire or rescue problem.



        Also, elections for the Borough are held at Station One.



        Postal Services

        Bui I t on Garwood Street in the Borough of Fairview,           this f irst

        class,  r u r a Idel ivery off ice has been showing a      Isteady growth

        pattern. The brick one story building was dedicated in April of

        1968.    There are 652 post off ice boxes and 2,299 del iveries.

        Fairview Borough and Fairview Township are served by the County-

        wide house numbering system.


                                             39















       Health Care Facilities

       Within the Fairview Area is the Fairview    Manor Home, a senior

       citizen care service. This modern facility has 121 beds, with a

       staff of 124. There is presently a ninety-nine percent occupancy

       r a t e .



             or
       Excellent hospital facilities are within reasonable distance from

       the Fairview Area in the City of Erie.




































                                      40
















                            CQNMN I TY WATER SERV I CES




       FAIRVIEW BCRO(JGH

       The availability of public utilities, particularly public water

       supply and sewage collection treatment systems is of significant

       importance for intensive future development.        Oftentimes the

       location of such activities drive development trends.



       The water distribution system available to the Fairview Area is

       shown on the accompanying map. The water service within Fairview

       Borough is provided by the Fairview Borough system and obtains its

       supply from wel Is. As with any older system, continued maintenance

       and improvements are necessary for continued operation. As shown

       on the water distribution map, the Borough   is proposing to extend

       a main I ine along Avonia Road from the Borough I imits into the

       Township to serve the proposed industrial area shown on the

       proposed land use plan map.    As stated in the 1980 Comprehensive

       Plan, the Borough may need to consider interconnecting with the

       Erie suburban system in the future in order to maintain suff icient

       capacity and service capacity.



       Fairview Township

       The water service for Fairview Township is shown on the water

       distribution map.   However,   it should be pointed out that bulk

       water is sold to several private systems within the Township which


                                        41












        consist of the Manchester Heights area, the Lake Shore area, the

        Colony area, and the Old Orchard area. The remaining areas of the

        Township are served by individual wells.                Since 1980, the

        Pennsylvania Water Company sold the Erie suburban division to the

        Mil Icreek Township Water and Sewer Authority and subsequent to that

        sale, the Fairview Township Water and Sewer Authority purchased

        that portion of the water system within Fairview Township.                The

        Fairview Township system is no longer served by wel Is located

        between the Conrail tracks and West 38th Street; is now

        interconnected to the City of Erie system



        Due to the    limited availability of federal and state funds for

        public utility extension, many of the plans which were considered

        in the 1980 Comprehensive Plan have been pushed           back until such

        time that demand and financial options would allow those expansion

        plans to proceed.       It  is not anticipated      that  any signif icant

        expans I on other than that wh i ch i s conta i ned i n th i s p I an wi I I

        occur through the f i rst decade of the year 2000.           However,     the

        proposed projects have been mapped.



        I t is important    to note three rather pressing projects.            Those

        i nclude water distr ibut ion to the north Avonia Road area to resol ve

        existing serious water quality problems and the replacement of the

        systems servicing the Colony and Lake Shore areas.






                                            42








         FAIRVIEW AREA
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                            OQVMNITY SEWER SERVICE




       As shown on the accompanying map, the Fairview Township Water and

       Sewer Authority serves the extreme northeast portion of the

       Township with public sewer service and also extends from the

       intersect ion of Ridge Road and Swansvi I le Road west along U.S.

       Route 20 to within approximately 2500 feet of Fairview Borough.

       Fairview Borough is not served by a public sewage collection and

       treatment system. The sanitary sewage collection system collects

       sewage and transports it via an interceptor system that extends

       from Fairview Township through Millcreek Township to the City of

       Erie's collection and treatment system. There are numerous waste

       water treatment plants that primarily serve specific subdivision,

       industries, and the school districts.   There are several smaller

       on-site private waste water treatment plants scattered throughout

       the Township. These systems range from extended aeration systems

       to septic tanks with sand filters. The remaining portions of the

       Township and the Borough are served by existing on-lot sewage

       disposal systems.



       It is proposed, and shown on the accompanying map, that the sewage

       collection line on Route 20 be extended in a westerly direction

       through the Borough to Avonia Road and then south on Avonia Road

       to the proposed industrial area. It is further proposed that the

       Walnut Heights area, which is a subdivision immediately south of


                                       43












      Route 20 between the Borough and Dutch Road, also be served. The

      Township of Mi I Icreek is currently extending sewers to Mi I Ifai r

      Heights in Millcreek Township.    When such services are provided,

      it is logical that the Sunnydale Subdivision, the Princess Ann

      Subd i v i s i on, and the Br i d I ewood Subd i v i s i on i n the ext reme eastern

      portion of Fairview Township and Heidler Road could be served.



      As in the case of proposed water service areas, the proposed sewer

      expansion projects have been shelved until such time as demand and

      f inancial resources for system expansion would ai low such expansion

      to proceed. However, the plans have been mapped,
































                                       44








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         ,&A,,&,&MOURICE WALTZ                                                                                                                                        swo  ep%,
         'OVWAlr PLANNERS AND CONSULTANTS
                P.O. BOX 191. SHARPSVILLE. PA 16150
















                                                  TRANSPCRTATICN




            Transportation

            The transportation element deals primarily with vehicular access.

            However,       with      the    advent       o f    the     federal       "American         with

            Disabilities" Act, Fairview Borough is required to provide

            handicapped ramps at all intersections where sidewalks are

            provided.



            Other elements subsections consist of functional classification,

            an assessment of improvements which are still valid since 1980 and

            proposals for new projects and programs.



            Highway Improvement Program



            This portion of the Plan contains recommendations for physical

            improvements to the existing highway/road system that should be

            programmed       by    t h e  local     commun i t i es     and/or      t h e   Pennsylvania

            Department of Transportation (PennDOT). Included are both safety and/or functional

            improvements designed to improve internal circulation and mitigate potential accident situations.
            The recommended improvements are categorized for convenience.


            Upgrading Rail Crossings

            This deals with a critical safety situation at Blair Road.

            Rubberization projects should be undertaken at Dutch, Blair,Eaton

            and Millfair Roads at the railroad crossings.


                                                          45















        Hazardous Intersections

        This accident analysis section in the 1980 Plan identified several

        intersections that have a high incidence of accidents due to a

        number of various factors. Since 1980, the following intersections

        still need improvements:

        1. Pasadena and Hardscrabble Drives at West Lake Road (PA 5)

        2. Whitehall Place at West Ridge Road

        3. Bear Creek at West Ridge Road

        4. Millfair Road at Heidler Road

        5. Avonia Road (PA 98) at 1-90



        Suggested recommendations for reducing the accident potential at

        these intersections are as follows:

        1. Pasadena and Hardscrabble Drives

        Install high visibility warning signs to indicate:
          a. numerous left turns
          b. substantial cross traffic
          c. substantial traffic entering the highway

        2. Whitehall Place

        Install high visibility warning signs to indicate left turns and
        traffic entering the highway

        3. Bear Creek Road

        Install high visibility dangerous intersection signs on U.S. 20 and
        yellow turning with caution light.

        4. Millfair Road at Heidler Road

        Widen the intersection by increasing the radius and paved "Flares"
        at each corner of the intersection. Also post appropriate warning
        signs.



                                         46
















        5. Avonia Road at 1-90

        Improve sight visibility on the east and west bound exit ramps
        where traffic enters PA 98.   Existing guard rails and bridge sides
        tend to obscure north and south bound traffic on PA 98. Also, the
        surface conditions of the approach to the overpass and the bridge
        deck should  be  resurfaced   (and perhaps reconstructed) ,to eliminate a
        dangerous surface condition. Also, warning signs could be posted
        on PA 98 warning motorist of traffic entering the highway from I-
        90.




        Hazardous Road Sections

        The Accident Location Map in 1980 reveals several hazardous road

        sections that have resulted in a high number of accidents. Since

        1980, the following road sections still need improvements:

        1. West Lake Road in the vicinity of Avonia Road

        2. West Ridge Road in Fairview Borough

        3. Sterrettania Road between Platz Road and Bear Creek Road

        Suggested improvements to the above areas include:



        1. West Lake Road to Avonia Road

           Several road side commercial uses encroach on the roadway on the
           east side of the intersections. Furthermore, there are some
           older style channelization dividers for left turn lanes from
           Wes t Lake Road wh i ch shou I d be upg r aded. Spec i f i c i mp r ovemen t s
           could include upgrading the appearance of the intersection and
           the western approach to it by signing, lighting, renovation of
           the left turn lanes and other visibility improvements.

        2. West Ridge Road in Fairview Borough

           This road section is similar to the preceding section except
           the speed limit is lower in the Borough. Most accidents in
           this area are related to turning movements generated by the
           numerous residential and commercial uses situated on Main
           Street.



                                         47













           Practical solutions to the problem are limited to improved
           signing, enforcement of parking regulations and speed limits
           and improved channelization at the intersection of PA 98 and
           U.S. 20. As with the preceding road section, it may be
           difficult to implement significant improvements due to the
           encroachment of present development on the intersections
           and roadways.

        3. Sterrettania Road (Platz to Bear Creek Road)

           This is one of the most hazardous road sections in the Fairview
           Area. Existing deficiencies include a narrow, winding cartway
           ele-vation changes, poor berms and a poor road surface. All
           accidents have been generally attributed to driver negligence;
           i.e. driving too fast for conditions, speeding, etc. But,
           obviously, the present alignment and surface conditions are
           inherent contributory factors.  Recommended improvements should
           include:

           Reconstruction of the hazardous section f rom West to Nissen Road
           to the intersection of Bear Creek and West Roads.

        New Road Construction

        The extension of Platz Road is probably the most essential of the

        new road proposals.  Extending the road to U.S. 20 would eliminate

        the need for traff ic to go through the Borough.      It would also

        serve as a stimulus to residential development in the area south

        of U.S. 20.   Sieb Road should also be extended to the Franklin

        Township line.



        Maintenance of Clear Sight Lines

        There are several   areas  in  the Fairview Area that     should be

        protected from intrusions into the clear sight triangles at

        intersections and clear sight I ines along certain road sections.

        PennDOT should take a much more active role in such maintenance and

        enforcement along some roads.



                                        48












         Improvements to Support Economic Development

         The Township recently created a New Industrial Park ( IP-1 I) Zoning

         District which     is  located along Route 98         j us t north  of    1-90

         interchange.     At the time of creation,        the Township's planning

         consultant performed a demand/capacity analysis for Route 98. As

         stated in the conclusion, Route 98will need improvements, over the

         long term, to sustain future traffic volumes.



         While   t h i sis not   an   immediate concern,      Route 98 wi I I      need

         improvements during the planning period. In conjunction with the

         Route 98 improvements, the intersection and signal ization of Route

         98 and Route 20 wi I I also need improvements, (i.e. turning, radius, turning

         lanes, appropriate signalization).



         Hard Surface Improvements

         The Townsh i p on I y has approx imate I y three and one ha I f mi I es of

         gravel roads. These roads have been located on the attached map.

         I t I s recommended that appropr i ate improvements be made dur i ng the

         planning period to provide a hard surface.



         Proposed Bridge Progra

         The only bridge in the Township which is proposed for improvements

         in the twelve year highway program of PennDCT, as prepared by the

         municipal planning organization, (Erie County Department of

         Planning), is the Luther Road Extension Bridge on Van Camp Road.




                                              49












       There are numerous other bridges which will need attention during

       the planning period, such as:

           Hathaway Bridge

           Platz Road/1-90 Bridge

           Franklin Road/1-90 Bridge

           Bear Creek Road Bridge

           Neff Road/Bear Run

           Ulman Road/Bear Run

           Lohrer Road Bridge

           Porter Bridge/Van Camp Road

       Mi I Ifair Bridge was recently improved by a joint $150,000 deck

       replacement project by Mi I Icreek Township and Fairview Township.

       During the planning period   the bridge will   need superstructure

       improvements.

       PennDOT and the Fairview Area must consider and fund an ongoing

       bridge improvement program.






















                                       50











        A. Study Route 98 from 1-90 North to and including the intersection
            of Route 98 and Route 20, to recommend improvements to handle
            increased traffic due to the proposed industrial park complex
            north of 1-90 on route 98.

        B.  Prepare an ongoing bridge improvement program.

        C.  Develop a joint municipal/PennDOT program for the maintenance
            of clear sight triangles.

        D.  Finish paving of final three and one half miles of gravel roads
            in Fairview Township.

        Proposed Land Use

        The proposed land use plan is herein presented.      In the preparation

        of the Land Use Plan,      a land use synthesis was performed,        the

        synthesis considered existing features such as soils, flood plains,

        bluff erosion areas,     wetlands,   topography,   existing   land use,

        utilities and vehicular access.



        During the synthesis, consideration was given to providing

        additional developable land for multi-family housing development

        and neighborhood retail service. Consideration was also given to

        rearranging    and    providing    likely    development    space     for

        industrial/economic development.



        As a part of     the plan recommendations     it  is recommended that

        Fairview Township consider a de-centralized (neighborhood), concept of

        recreation. This de-centralized concept suggests that recreation

        be provided close to concentrations of housing.      Thus, reducing the

        distance of travel to a park and increasing the opportunity for

        walking or bicycling to the facility.



                                           53













        It is suggested that the Township consider revising the subdivision

        regulations to require mandatory dedication of park space and or

        payment of a fee in lieu of dedication (recreation impact tfee),  Through

        dedication of land or collection of funds to allow acquisition, a

        comprehensive park system can be acquired and developed     wi thout

        becoming a significant burden to Township residents.



        Through a recreation impact fee, development costs could also be

        considered.




        Intergovernmental Cooperation

        Fairview Borough and Fairview Township have recently entered into

        discussion and study to consider expanded cooperation and

        coordination in dealing with problems which are common to both
        communities and for the mutual benefit of both communities. These

        discussions should consider, at a minimum, the following:

             1. Consideration of a Joint Municipal Authority or shared
                administration of the municipal water and sewer system.
                During these discussions, there are numerous options
                which could be considered.

             2. Shared services, such as, police and public works.

             3. Shared administration, such as, land use controls and other
                local, county or state mandated activities.












                                        54





        FAIRVIEW TOWNSHIP





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                 FAIRVIEW TOWNSHIP
                                                                                                       -1 L A K E
                     COUNTY,            PENNSYLVANIA
       ERIE

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                                                                                            FUNCTIONAL
                                                                                            CLASSIFICATION


                                                                                            PRINCIPAL ARTERIAL

                                                                                      Mason MINOR ARTERIAL

                                                                                      mom   MAJOR COLLECTOR
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                                                                                            MINOR  OLLECTOR






                                                                                        WCHAEL 8AKER.J"-.I"C-
                       MOURICE WALTZ
                       PLANNERS AND CONSULTANTS











































































                                                         THE PLAN














                                         THE PLAN


        Introduction



        The Plan for the Fairview Area contains these basic elements:

        housing, infrastructure, and proposed land use. The Housing Plan

        is contained in the Housing Study Element and only summarized here.

        The Infrastructure Plan is contained in the Community Facilities

        and Utilities Section and Transportation Elements are only

        summarized here. The proposed Land Use Plan is presented here.



        Housing

        The housing conditions of the FairviewArea are generally good with

        only four    to  five percent    of  the units demonstrating deferred

        maintenance.     However,    to maintain housing mix at al I          income

        levels, a housing rehabilitation program should be considered.

        This is particularly true given the low vacancy rate in single

        family units of approximately one percent.



        The Fairview Area averages only six percent of the total housing

        stock in multi-fami ly uni ts.       Consideration should be given to

        providing addi t ional    area for such uni ts,     particularly    in   the

        Township where developable land is available. Consideration must

        be g i ven to hous 1 ng suppor t stock such as ne i ghborhood recreat i on,

        retail convenience services and public utilities.






                                             51













      Housing Strategy


      Develop Housing Rehabilitation Program

      Provide Developable Land for Multi-Family Units

      Provide Housing Support Activities

      Access Financial Resources




      Utilities

      The Community Facilities and Utilities Element contains proposed

      extensions and improvements for the public water and sanitary sewer

      system serving the Fairview Area.       Fairview Borough, Fairview

      Township, and the Fairview Municipal Authoritymust actively pursue

      avenues to provide the necessary financing to proceed with the

      proposed improvements.



      Utility Strategy

      Develop a Detailed Capital     Improvements Program for Water and

      Sanitary Sewer Improvements.



      Transportation

      The Transportation Element contains a detailed Highway Improvements

      Program.  This improvement programwas developed considering those

      improvements which have taken place since 1980 and an assessment

      of current needs. In addition to proposing critical improvements

      to hazardous intersections and roadway section the Plan contains

      certain other recorrrnendat ions.




                                       52















                                           FAIRVIEW TOWNSHIP
                   ERIE COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA

                                                                                                    A 9 r
























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                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  LAND USE PLAN




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        AGRICULTURAL



                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        RESIDENTIAL

                                                                                                                                                                                              LA
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Low Density
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Law/Madium Density

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             Medium Density

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           CONSERVATION


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           PUBLIC


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           C0tJERCIAL


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           INDUSTRIAL
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               "NEW

































































































































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                                              MOURiCE WALTZ                                                                                                                                                   c Q.suLl-.6
                                              PLANNERS AND CONSULTANTS




                                FUTURE LAND USE PLAN












                                                                                                                                                                           LEGEND


                                                                                                                                                                          SUBURBAN RESIDENTIAL
                                                 . ........ ..

                                                                                                                                                                          URBAN RESIDENTIAL


                                                                                                                                                                          COMMERCIAL


                                                                                                                                                                          INDUSTRIAL


                                                                                                                                                                          RESTRICTED INDUSTRIAL


                                                                                                                                                                          PUBLIC


                                                                                                                                                                          RECREATION










                                                                                                                                                                          UI'DA'I'E- 1993
                                                                                                                                                        AkA.AkIVIOURICE WALTZ
                                                                                                                                                        'W"'W41W PLANNERS AND CONSULTANTS
                                                                                                    Soo          0       5m         tow                       PO BOX 191. SHARPSVILLE. PA 16150
                                               Fm
                                                     PLY .4                                                      SCALE IN FEET

                                                  IN I


                                                                                                    The preparation of this @ap
                                                                                                    f,,-a,,,d in  part orough a cc=-
                                                                                                    p-her._      Planning l-t fl-                                       PREPARED By
                                                                                                    the Depart@,wnt of Has uq and ur an
                               FAIRVIEW                      BOROUGH                                D-lp-t urder the pr- of
                                                                                                    section 701 of the Housing Act                       ROBERT PANTON Ek ASSOCIATES
                                      ERIE COUNTY.             PENNA.                               of 1954.  as ar-@ -A as
                                                                                                    t-d by   @;@:          pl-n-Ing                              PLANNING CONSULTANTS
                                                JUNE. 1980                                          P-n.y  I     @f. D@pa i-rt of C-
                                                                                                    --t-         f_..                                            BEAVER. PENNSYLVANIA






































































                                                         SPECIAL STUDIES









                                  FAI RVI EW AREA

                                       and

                              TI-E PENqSYLVANIA CHAS



   The citation of problems associated with the Southwest Region as stated in

   the "Pennsylvania Comprehensive Housing Affordability Strategy (CHAS) for

   federal fiscal years 1992-1996" are closely applicable to the Fairview

   Area.




   Economic Development



   This Region, like Region Five, pointed out that economic development can

   help solve housing affordability problems. 1-busing assistance will be

   needed as long as incomes are insufficient to afford decent housing.



   Financing



   Coordination with Farmers Fbme Administration; This Region is primarily

   rural and consequently eligible for Farmers Home Administration (FnHA)

   housing programs.




   Environmental Issues



   The Region contains much undeveloped land and expanses lacking

   infrastrucutre. The State's environmental regulations appear to play

   a greater role in housing issues here than in other portions of the State.







                                SS1









   In particular, regulations of wetlands, on-lot sewage, and water systems

   is a concern. The Cormunwealth needs better coordination and quicker

   processing of environmental permits and approvals because the Federal

  .Government is making environmental approvals a prerequisite for project

   funding. Availability of infrastructure is also critical for the

   development of affordable housing in rural areas.



   Elderly and Persons with Disabilities



   Persons with disabilities are a very diverse group. Nbt only do their

   disabilities differ significantly (e.g., mobility, vision, hearing

   impairments, mental limitations), but they span a broad range of ages,

   races, incomes, personal needs and goals.



   Persons who are mentally retarded, persons with mental illness, and

   persons with physical disabilities who do not need supportive services

   share at least one commn housing problem-access to affordable housing.

   Nhny of these individuals are low income and have great difficulities

   locating housing opportunities that they can afford.



   Access to housing for these individuals can also be difficult because of

   discriminatory practices within a cormmnity. Zoning and other regulatory

   barriers often make affordable housing impossible for persons with

   disabilities.



   Persons with physical disabilities who do not need supportive services

   still have important unmet housing needs-structural accessibility in





                                 SS2








   particular. A housing unit can be affordable but useless for a disabled

   person if he or she cannot get through the door.



   Two significant obstacles are cost and poor design. Nbdifying an existing

   structure can be extremely costly and may be unfeasible. In some cases,

   there may be difficulties in obtaining funds to modify an existing

   structure. In addition, these costs can escalate further if local

   governments tax these modifications as property improvements increasing

   the value of the home. Even if adaptive modifications are made, poor

   design can make units undesirable if accessibility features are not

   workable and functional.




   Federal and State laws can provide persons with disabilities with some

   assistance in overcoming accessibility problems. The Federal laws

   mandating accessibility include:



       Section 504 of 1973 Rehabilitation Act, Title VIII of 1968

       Civil Rights Act (as amended), and the Americans with

       Disabilities Act of 1990.




   The relevant State laws are the:




       Pennsylvania Human Relations Act of 1974 and the Universal

       Accessibility Act (Act 166 of 1988).



   Pennsylvania's older population (age 60 and over) grew faster than the

   rest of the State's population over the decade. For example, between 1980






                                  SS3









   and 1987 the number of Pennsylvanians sixty and over increased 8.3 percent

   while the under sixty population decreased 1.1 percent. On a percentage

   basis, the elderly population age eighty-five and older is growing twice

   as fast as the entire elderly population. These trends are expected to

   continue through the nineties and will result in major social and economic

   changes. Pennsylvania ranks second among all states in the percentage

   ,of its population sixty-five and older.



   Nbst older Pennsylvanians can satisfy their housing needs if they possess

   good health and have sufficient income. Fbwever, older Pennsylvanians

   with health limitations or who lack special supports have limited housing

   options. In addition, upper and moderate income older persons are faced

   with long waiting lists for continuing care retirement coTmunities,

   limiting housing options even when incomes are sufficient.



   Three major obstacles faced by this population group are the need for home

   repairs or rmdifications, lack of affordable housing, and a shortage of

   extended care facilties. A sampling of 2,606 elderly individuals taken in

   1988 by the Pennsylvania Assoclation of the Area Agencies on Aging

   Directors (PAAAAD) found that housing needs fell into these categories:



   -Fbme repairs/improvements with 17.6 percent of requests.

   -Affordable corimnity housing with 34.7 percent of requests.

   -Institutional care with 47.7 percent of requests.



   The need for costly home repairs was also identified in a 1976 FLD study






                                 SS4











   rhey need housing located close to their jobs with easy access to

             transportation. 'Mey should also have expanded opportunities

   or homeownership. For AFDC families , housing assistance should be a

   :orriponent of larger self-sufficiency efforts such as education, job

   .raining, household rmnagement, child care and personal counseling.



   .ow Income Individuals



   n 1980 there were nearly 350,000 persons    living alone in Pennsylvania

   vith incomes below poverty levels. For such households, there is a need

   or mDre affordable single-room occupancy (SRO) and efficiency apartments

   n the State. Low income individuals also need supportive services

            training in tenant responsibilities and life skills, job

   ;raining, and if needed, access to substance abuse treatment.



   Zacial and Ethnic Mnorities



   .'his special needs group encounters problems in housing beyond

   iffordability and supportive service needs which were discussed above.

   Anorities are disproportionately iripacted by housing discrimination

   Aiich limits their housing choices. Discrimination can include actions

   )y housing providers, sellers, landlords and neighbors. Even planning

   .nd zoning decisions of local governments can be based on discriminatory










                                   SS5
















        PROPOSED CAPITAL IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM

                   FAIRVIEW BOROUGH

        INTRODUCTION

        
        A Capital Budget is the fiscal planning of a Comprehensive Plan                     
        Capital Improvements should not be limited to rehabilitating the
        old and must provide for the new. The Capital Improvement Program
        should not be limited to infrastructure development and should
        embrace both physical development and a plan for change in the type
        and level of municipal services. The time horizons for the CIP for
        Fairview we recommend from 5 to 10 years. Before proceeding further
        with the process,it must be pointed out that CIP is subject to
        annual review in lieu of changes in the plan, forecasts and
        conditions which may alter scheduled project s/programs . The CIP
        budget is tied to the annual budget and is a continuing process
        which extends beyond a single year.

        The Capital improvement will be based upon recommendations of the
        Planning Consultants and as approved by the Planning Commission.
        After which a proposal will be made outlining a proposed CAPITAL
        IMPROVEMENT BUDGET within the Fairview fiscal agenda.


        I.  GENERAL GOVRENMENT ELEMENTS
            A. Municipal blds.
            B. Administration Facilities
                  1. Personnel
                     Office Equipment


        II. PUBLIC SAFETY ELEMENTS.
            A. Police
                  1. Personnel
                  2. Equipment-Vehicles -Special Police Type -etc.
                  3. Communications-operations-etc.
            B. Joint agreements with other municipalities
            C. EMS - ambulance service -
            D, Fire Protection Service
            E. Building Codes - Zoning, other land use controls, etc.
            F. Housing Rehabilitation Program-grants from other agencies.
















                                       SS6
 















         III. PUBLIC W0RKS ELEMENTS
           A. Personnel shared with water utility
           B. Equipment shared with water utility
                 1. Maintenance
                 2. Replacement - reserve fund
                 3. Miscellaneous
           C. Roads/Streets
                 1. Maintenance schedule
                    Replacement - Reconstruction - Pavement Management
                    Program - reserve fund.
                 3. Projects with and through PADOT.
           D. Water Utility
                 1. Personnel -sharing
                 2. Equipment
                 3. Maintenance
                      a. Tanks
                      b. Well heads
                      C. Pumps
                      d. Distribution system


       IV.  PARKS AND RECREATION
           A. Development of facilities and programs by and through
          existing Authority.




































                                  SS7
 














                   1PTZC)1P@S1E;1D 1;UES1F_1::Z_X71F_ 1FU1%MI1%TC:;




      ELEMENT I - GEM. GOV. - There appears to be no need for capital
      expenses at this time for administration facilities. The office
      equipment is be adequate to meet the day to day operations of the
      Borough including utility (water) billing etc. With the possibility
      of a sanitary sewer system in the not too  distant future it may be
      necessary to replace existing hardware and software. Such costs
      should be included as pat of the costs of implementing a sanitary
      sewer fiscal management system. There is no need to install any
      changes at this time.

      The Borough Secretary should be part of the preparation and
      involved in the   implementation of any Capital Budgets and/or
      Capital Funds. The present computer system may need to be
      reprogrammed or have revised software to include such fiscal
      pro,grams.


      ELEMENT II - PUBLIC SAFETY - Personnel costs may be improved by
      the participation in an intergovernmental sharing program (same as
                                                       4=
      COG) with other municipalities. This could release funds for other
      Capital Expenses in public safety. The Comprehensive Plan will
      govern this area of capital programming. To establish a capital
      D
      reserve fund for the Public Safety element an inventory of existing
      major equipment, vehicles, radios, etc., assign a life expectancy
      to each item and estimated costs of replacement.      In a Capital
      Reserve Fund place an amount to be placed in    the fund each year
      from the G.F. Budget to have adequate funds in the year scheduled
      for replacement. This element includes funding  for a Housing Rehab
      Program together with funds available through   grants.

      ELEMENT III - PUBLIC WORKS - Capital Reserve Funds within this
      Element should include one for "pavement management" or pavement
      inventory. Several methods may be employed to provide for a sound
      and economic method of keeping roads/streets in good condition. The
      other would be a Equipment Replacement Fund (reserve fund). The
      latter is a simple process achieved through the present
      administrative structure. Obtainin- information on the existing
      equipment and forecasting life expectancy, estimated replacement
      costs, and annual funding requirements. The pavement management
      process is a matter of expertise in the gathering of information
      and designing an appropriate program. Some of the work could be
      carried out by Borough employees, Road maintenance, traffic
      controls, parking, etc. are major factors in the General Fund
      budget and can be enhanced by sound management in all areas of the
      process.










                                   SS8















      HOUSING REHABILITATION PROGRAM - Budget min. of $3500 to $5000 to
      develop program.


      UTILITIES IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM - Bud-get Funds in amount as
      recommended by Consultants for studies to acquire additional
      sources of water supply including access to Lake for water intake,
      storage, etc.

      ONGOING DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM - Allocate annually $1000 to $1500 to
      provide funds for development projects, including utilities.













































                                    SS9









































































                                                                                                                  i














                   MOURICE WALTZ -
                   PLANNERS AND CONSULTANTS                         P. 0. BOX 191, SHARPSVILLE, PA 16150
                                                                                              412-962-9848











































































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