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0 COASTAL ZONt INFORMATiom cENTER TOWN OF SUNSET BEACH, NORTH CAROLINA LAND USE PLAN PREPARED BY THE 19 SUNS*ET BEAw TowN-CouNuL SHELTON.TuCKER, MAYOR AND THE @-9 SuNsET BEAcH PLANNIN MRS. FRANCES KANOY, CHAIRWOMAN -9 cl< HD 268 .S86 T69 1976 COASTAL ZONE, INFORMAT,10N GENTER TOWN OF SUNSET BEACHi NORTH CAROLINA LAND USE PLAN PREPARED By THE SUNSET BEACH TOWN COUNCIL SHELTON TUCKER, MAYOR AND THE Su,msET- BEACH PLANNING BOARD MRS. FRANCES KANOY, CHAIRWOMAN TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE PROVIDED BY STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL AND ECONOMIC RESOURCES LOCAL PLANNINGAND MANAG EMENT SERVICES SECTION SOUTHEASTERN FIELD OFFICE JOHN J, HOOTON,* CHIEF PLANNER JAMES B. TAYLORj PLANNER IN CHARGE No DAVID LONGj PLANNER TECHNICAN MELBA THOMPSON, PLANNER TECHNICAN TABLE OF CONTMS 1. INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11. DESCRIPTION PF PRESENT CONDITIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 A.- Population and Economy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . .. 4 B. Existing Land Use . . . . . . . . 7 C. Current Plans, Policies and Regulations 9 111. PUBLIC PARTICIPATION ACTIVITIES A. Major Issues . . . . . . . . . B. Alternatives for Development . . .... . . . . . . . .12 C. Land Use Objectives. Policies and Standards . . . . . . . . .14 'D. Process Used to Determine Objectives and policies . . . . . . . 16 E. Methods Employed In Public Participation . . . . . . .16 IV. CONSTRAINTS . . . . . . .18 A. Land Suitability 0 0 0 . . . . 018 1) Physical Limitations for Development . . . . . . . 18 a) Hazard Areas . . . . . . .. 0 0 0 .18 (1) Man-Made Areas . . . . o o o o18 (2) Natural . . . o . . . o . o18 b) Soil Limitations . . . o o 0 0 0 0 o .23 0 Water Supply Area . . . . . . . o .I. . . . . . . . . . 25 d) Steep Slopes . . . . . . . . . . o . . . . . . . . . . . 25 TABLE OF CONTENTS (Cont.) 2) Fragile Areas ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 a) Coastal Wetlands 26 b) Sand Dunes Along the Outer Banks .. . . . .I . . . . . . . 26 c) Ocean Beaches and Shorelines ... . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 d) Estuarine Waters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 e) Public Trust Elaters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 B. Capacity 6f Community Facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 V. ESTUIATED DE14AND a. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . 27 A. Population and Economy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 B. Future Land Needs 29 .C. Community Facilities Demand . .. . . . . . . . . . . . 29 VT. PLAN DESCRIPTION1 . . . . . . . 0 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 A. Land Classification . . . . . . . . . . . 0 0 . . . . . . . . . 31 B. Proposed Areas-of Environmental Concern . . . . . . . . . 32 C. Implementation', . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 V11. SuMd",ARY . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 VIII. CITY-COUNTY PLAN RELATIONSHIP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 IX. APPENDIX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 1. Introduction "Let's go to the beachl" This is a suggestion,request.,cr demand hep-d throughout North Carolina and indeed throughout many states as spring and summer approach. For those living at or near the coast it may mean a walk to the strand or a one day visit to a local beach. For those living further away, it rnay.mean a.weekend trip or a week long vacation to the coast and for some it means moving into the summer cottage for a stay of from one to three months. To the perman- ent residents of Sunset Beach the "seagon" means Inany different things --economi benefits for the commercial interests, increased recreational activities, an in- flux of tourists-some old friends and some new friends, increased levels of pub- lic service needed to provide for a safe, clean and enjoyable beach. To some the "season" is a time of good business. To others it is a time to relax and.en- joy the good weather, good food, and a stay at the beach. And to still others it is a time when the quiet and solitude of "this'beach." is broken by the mass of people who stay up late, get up early, tramp across the sand. dunes, leave trdsh and litter everywhere and, in general, spoil the beabty of the area. In 1974, the North Carolina General Assembly recognizing the view points expressed above passed the Coastal Area Management Act of 1974. In passing the Act (CAMA) the General Assembly declared, " . . . that among North Carolina's most valuable resources are its coastal land and waters. The coa stal area, and in particular the estuaries, are among the most biologically productive regions of this State and of the nation. Co astal and estuarine waters and marshlands provide almost 90 percent (90%) of the most productive sport fisheries on the east coast of the United States." "In recent years t .he coastal area has been subjected to increasing press- ures which are the result ofthe often conflicting need of a society expanding in industrial development, in' population, and in the recreational aspirations of its citizens. Unless these pressures are controlled by coordinated management, the . very features of the coast which make it economically, esthetically. and ecologi- cally rich will be destroyed." The Coastal Area Management Act calls for a comprehensive plan for the protection, preservation, orderly development, and management of the coastal area of North Carolina." "In the implementation of the coastal area management plan, the public's opportunity to enjoy the physical, esthetic, cultural, and recrealtional qualities of the natural shorelines of th e State shall be preservecl to the greatest extent feasible, water resources shall be managed in order to proserve and nnhince water qual sty and to provide optimum utilization of water resources; land resources shall be managed ii;i-order to quide;,,rowth and development and to minimize damage to the natural environment, and private property rights shall be preserved in accord with the Constitution of this State and of the United States." The Act is in four parts, each dealing with one aspect of a comprehensive management program. The four parts Are: Or2anization and Goals , Planning Processes, Areas of Environment Concern, and Permit Letting and Enforcement. Part one, Organization and Goals, establishes.the fifteen member Coastal Resources Commission with an advisory council composed of members with special technical backgrounds from Loth State and lo@al government. The Coastal Resources Commission members are all residents of the twenty county coastal area and are appointed by the Governor from a list of nominees from the local governments in- volved in the coastal area. The goals sta ted in the Act are: (1) to provide a management system capable of preser ving and managing the natural ecological conditions of the estua- rines, the dunes and the beaches; (2) to insure that the development or preservation of the land and water resources is consistent with the land and water capabilities; (3) to insure the orderly and balanced use and preservation of our coastal resources on behalf of the people of North Carolina and the nation; and (4) to establish pol.icies, guidelines, and standards for the use, pr.otection, and development of our coastal lands and waters % Part two, Planning Processes, establishes the authority of the CRC to pre- pare guidelines for local land use plans and delegate to local government the re- sponsibility to prepare its-own land use plan consistent with the guidelines. Part three, Areas of Environmental Concern, gives the Coastal Resources Commission the authority to adopt and designate Areas Of Environmental Concern. Once these AEC's are established the local land use plans will be used as guides in the issuance of permits for development in the desig nated AEC's. .Part four, Permit Letting and Enforcement, establishes-the criteria for enforcement of the land use plans within Areas of Eny4ronmental Concern. Any development within an Area of ErIvironmental Concern must have a permit. The Act does not require permits for development outside Areas of Environmental Concern. The Act requires the following projects in areas on environmental concern to obtain a permit 3 from the Coastal Resources Commission: those projects currently'needing state permits; those of greater than 20 acres in size; those that involve drillina or excavating natural resources on land or under water; those which involve construction of one or more structures having an area in excess of 60.000 square feet will require a permit from the Coastal Resources Commission. Local governments will establish regulations for what types of developments in Areas of Environmental Concern will need permits from them. Development plans must be consistent with the land use plans in order to receive a permit under part four. Under this section local governments may be a]- lowed to issue permits for minor developments but major development permits will be issued by the Commission. ,Prior to enactment of the Coastal Area Management Act in 1974, the town J of Sunset Beach had already begun to develop a land use plan. This initial plan, prepared by the Sunset Beach Planning Board with assistance from a professional tip -in a-ti-Ci-pa-ti6-n'--f--th-6--CAf4A--d-addressed some, but not all, planner was n 0 an, of the requirements of the Guidelines that were adopted by the CRC. -The initial plan has been revised,updated consistent with the requirements of the CRC and will be available at Town Hall foe review and study. 4 II. DESCRIPTION OF PRESENT CONDITIONS A. Population and Econo Population The 1970 U.S. Census indicates that the permanent population of Sunset Beach was 108. Past population figures are not available because the Town was not incorporated until 1963. Age and Sex distribution characteristics shown below are based' on Fifth Count information provided by the Bureau of Census and also shows a)total of 122 persons. Age, Sex Distribution: 1970 Sunset Beach Male Female Total Pei-cent under 5 4 0 4 3% .5-9 0 0 0 10-14 0 21 21 17% 15:19 0 4 4 3% 20-24 6 5 11 9% 25-34 @6 6 12 10% 35-44 11 15 26 21% 45-54 12 11 23 19% 55-64 7 9 16 14% 65-74 5 0 5 4% !0 over 75 0 0 51 71 122 loff 1973-1974_Population Estimates .1973 1974 Sunset Beach 130 140 1As of July 1 according to N.C. Department of Admin- istration. From the Age, Sex Distribution table above it can be seen that the median age in Sunset Beach is around 37 years compared to 26.5 years for the State. This median age (the point at which half the population is older and half are younger) seems to indicate that the SUnset Beach area tends to attract an older population. It is known that several famili@_;s living in Sunset Beach commute to em- ployment in the Grand Strand Area of Myrtle Beach, Sou 'th Carolina. Spillover from the highly urbanized development to the southwest.should result in an in- crease in population from those families seeking a quiet, residential-oriented community close to an employment center. Econoa By far the most dominant "industry" in Sunset Beach is tourism. The summer season sees an influx of absentee property owners and rental guests. According to a survey of local realtors, conducted by the Brunswick County Planning Depart- nent, there are 126 houses containing 136 rental units being handled by agencies in Sunset Beach. In addition, there are 42 motel units. The full occupancy ca- pacity of the rental units and the motel unit is 1442 or approximately 9 persons per rental and 5 per motel unit. Figures are not available to indicate the humber of owner-handled rental-houses that are utilized The three tables below indicate the occupation characteristics, family income distribution, and personal income characteristics for Sunset Beach In comparison with the county and State. A comparison of occupations indicates. residents of Sunset Beach are above the county in: construction; transportation; communication, etc.; wholesale and reta,il; and finance,insurance and business repair. They rank below the county in: manufacturing; health, education etc.;*public administration; and other industries. Income distribution in Sunset Beach i's centered around the $4,000-$9,999 range (77%): and in the $25,000-49,999 bracket (23%). The median' family.income (half above I/half below), the mean (total divided by number of fami- lies) and the per capita(total income divided by total population) are all consid- erably higher than the county while the median family income compares with the N.C. figure. The poverty level figures (based upon the U.S. Census) indicate no families or individuals in town are below the level established for Brunswick County. (1969) OCCUPATION BY INDUSTRY OF EMPLOYED PERSONS 16 AND OVER Sunset Beach Brunswick North Carolina Construction 13 119.4), 1147 @14.7@ 6.7% Manufacturing 6 9) 2031 25.9 35.4% Transportation, Communications Utilities and Sanitation 15 @22.11 757 (9.7) 5.6% Wholesale and Retail 16 23.8 1384 (17.7) 17.6% Financial, Insurance, Business and Repair 5 (7.5) 367 (4.7) 5.6% Health, Education, Welfare, Legal and Miscellaneous Professional Services 5 (9) 85fll0j) 14.2% Public Administration 378 4. 3.5% Other Industries (Agriculture, Forestry, Fisheries, mines, Personal Services) 6 (9) 910 (11.6) 11.4 -6-7- T1 0 0 % 7828 (1001) 100% Source: U.S. Census 1970 6 (1969) Distribution of Inco)me for Families Sunset Beach Brunswick North Carolina Less than $1,000 0 M 334. '5 4%) 3.4% $1000 - 1999 0 540 8.7 5.4 2000 - 2999 0 432 7.0 5.7 3000 - 3999 0 449 17.2 6.5 4000 - 4999 10 (19.2) 593 9.7 7.2 5000 - 5999 0 548 8.8 8.0 6000 - 6999 12 23%) 496 8.0 7.8 7000 - 7999 6 11.6 362 5.8 7.7 8000 - 8999 6 11.6 436 7.0 7.6 -J1 9000 - 9999 6 11.6 426 6.9 6.9 10000 - 11999 0 665 10.7) 11.7 12000 - 14999 0 411 6.6 10.6 15000 - 24999 0 407 6.6 9.0 25000 - 49999 12 (23%) 84 1.4 2.0 Greater than $50,000 0 15_ .2 0.5 52 (100%) 6198 100% 100% J Source: U.S. Census 1970 (1969) Personal Income Characteristics J Sunset Beach Brunswick County North Carolina Median Family Income $7,666 $6,409 $7,774 j Mean Family Income 13,'668 7,468 8,872 Per Capita Income 5,825 2,010 20492 Persons below poverty level 0 27.7% 20.3% Families- below poverty level 0 22.9% 16.3% Source: 1970 Census 7 B. Existing-Land Use The existing Land.Use.Map accompanying this text together with the table below illustrate the general use of land in Sunset Beach. The field survey was conducted by personnel from the North Carolina Department of Natural and Economic Resources, Division of Community Assistance. --Existing Land Use June 1975 Use Percentage of Percentage of Acres, Developed Land Total Area RESIDENTIAL 64 46 3.4 COMMERCIAL 4 3 .2 TRANSPORTATION, COMMUNICATIONS AND J UTILITIES 2 1 .1 Streets 68 49 3.6 GOVERNMENT AND INSTUTIONAL CULTURALS ENTERTAINMENT, AND RECREATION 2 1 .1 TOTAL DEVELOPED 140 7.4 UNDEVELOPED LAND 346 18.2 WATER 74.4 WETLAND 1414 BEACHES TOTAL AREA 1900 100 _J Source: Soil Conservation Service Aerial Photos 2/72 ,N.C.*Department of Transportation Aerial Photos 12/74 N.C. Department of Natural and Economic Resources, Division of Community Assistance Field Survey Acreages computed from 1"=400' scale map with com- pensating Polar Planimeter Existing land use in the extraterritorial area consists of two small areas of developed land at the east and west ends of town. On the west, at the Junction of Secondary Road 1164 and Shore Line Drive is a small motel, a com- bination gas-grocery store, four (4) homes and a boat sales shop. The area is known as Bonaparte Landing. North on SR 1164 is the newly incorporated commu- nity of Shady Forest and a mobile home subdivision which currently has only four units within t-he planning jurisdiction. Development on the east end con- sists of four miobile homes,' four houses and a seafood store located on SR 1162 at Gause Landing. The vast majority of land in the extraterritorial area is in forestry. Residential Land Use The 64 acres of residential land use contain 237 dwellings. According to -4 the 1970 U.S. Census, there were 173 housing units in Sunset Beach' indicating an increase of 64 units since 1970. Most of these homes are seasonally occupied (81 percent) while 19 percent are occupied year-round. Undeveloped Land Available for Residential Uses This includes vacant subdivided land and unsubdivided land scheduled for residential development.. This land (347 acres) represents the available growth potential, within the present Town limits. Commercial This category includ6s'restaurants, fishing piers, motels and apartments, grocery/gas stations, beauty shops, and real estate offices. These uses are j concentrated on two areas at the intersection of Sunset Boulevard and Shore Line Drive and at the intersection of Main Street and Sunset Boulevard. Transportation, Communication, and Utilities Small lots located on-parallel streets have created a 13 mile network of streets and roads. Street maintenance is a problem here as in other beach towns. Routine maintenance is complicated by blowing sand and eroding roadbeds, The Fire Station, Town Maintenance Building and water tank site account for the remain- der of land in this ca tegory, Governmental and Institutional Governmental land uses include the Town Hall. Cultural, tntertainment and Recreation 6 land uses in this catego that are separable from There are currently no' ry other classifications. The beach area is included in a separate category below as are the marshes and waterways. Access ways to the strand .existat the head of each street and at various other places along the ocean front. These are in- cluded within the street right-of-ways. Some recreation area is pr6vided at the fire station site but this is secondary to the primary.use of the land. VN;@ W@@_ 9 Beach,-Marsh, and Waterways This is by far the largest category of land in Sunset Beach with some 1,414 acres. This includes the beach and dune area 14'rfich is more than.two (2) miles long and 400 to 800 feet wide (approximately 160 acres) and the tidal marsh and waterways. Compatability Problems No significant compatability problems exist between the man-made land uses in Sunset Beach. The Town began as a development project by a single de- veloper. Lots were laid out and designated as commercial or residential. Deed restrictions were enacted to cover all lots specifying the allowable land use. Problems due to minimum lot size do exist at this time because of the lack of public water and sewer systems. These problems stem from a lack of knowledge about environmental problems when the development was begun. Conflict between man and the environment exists with relation to the use of shallow, individual wells and indiv idual septic tanks, not so much at the present, but certainly, as more development takes place and as the population increases. Other problems involve development near Tubbs Inlet to the east and Mad Inlet to the west. C. Current Plans, Policies, and Regulations Sunset Beach has had an active planning program since 1973. Prior to that time certain planning and land use related ordinances had been adopted, these include: Zoning Ordinance, N.C. State-Building Code, a nd Flood Insurance regu- lations. The following documents and plans have been prepared by the Town: Document Date Zoning Ordinance 1972 N.C. Building Code N. A.. Extraterritorial Jurisdiction Ordinance_. Jan, 1974 Land Development Plan (701) Sepi. 1974 Zoning Ordinance Revisions under study Engineering Report - Water System 1973 201 Wastewater Facilities Study underway, Flood Insurance Ordinance 1974 Brunswick County Septic Regulations N.A. Brunswick County Dune Protection Ordinance N.A. Capital Improvements Budget The chief enforcement officer for the Town-enfdrced regulations is the Build- ing Inspector. He;is respons ible for the building co d6, zoning ordinance. and 10 the Flood Insurance Ordinance. The County Health Department enforces septic tank and well site regulations. The County Dune Protection Officer covers the Sand"bune Ordinance and the N.C. Department of Natural and Economic Resources enforces the ."'Itate Sedimentation Control Act and local dredge and fill permitting. J .7 r @@,a M. Public Participation-Activities Public participation In the local land use plan is mandated by the Coastal Resources Commission. For any plan to be effectlye It must reflect the needs and desires of the local citizens. To this end the Initial plan was based upon A Land Development Survey which was sent to permanent residents and Absentee property owners, to det'ermIne'their views as to the course of development they preferred for Sunset Beach and to establith certain goals for the future of the town. The survey resulted in a return of some 70 percent of those sent out. The goals and objectives thus developed were presented and discussed at several public meetings with good attendance. Included in these meetings were discussions of probabl6 Areas of Environmental Concern and proposed land uses which will be pre'sented further be- low. it should be pointed out that with the small population (140) of the town, any meeting attended by both the Planning Board and the Town Council represents a fair percentage of the 53 families on the beach. A.- Major Land Use Issues Sunset BeAch is a quiet community with summer vacation homes for those who like to be away from it all". There is no hustle and rush to life'h&re even in the summer. Results from the survey and the public meetings Indicate that the major land use Issues are over future development. Lack of a public water system is of most importance. Present development must rely on individual wells and septic tanks. Given the sffall lot size (5,000 sq. ft.) on the island part of town a community water system is necessary. The town is scheduled to partici pate In Phase 11 of the 'B runswick County Water Program but there is no firm date for delivery of water. The plans call for Sunset Beach to Install distribution lines and purchase water from the county. Commercial development or family type beach Is a major land use issue with both permanent residents and !absentee property owneTs. Family type beach is wanted In both cases but by only slightly more than half the permanent residents while the absentee owners favor the family beach concept overwh elmingly. This -1,,t-an indica- tion of differing viewpoints with residents seeing the beach as & year-round living, work and playing environment. while the absentee owne .r sees the bea0 a.1 a vacation environment. Other land use issues include zoning enforcement, street maintenance, 12 and lack, of adequate parking. Nun-land use issues but important nevertheless include 'the need for better pplice and fire protecVFOn. There does not appear to be any severe impact within the planning period that can be attributed afi in- crease in the permanent population which has increased from 108 in 19,'0 to 140 in 1974--an average of eight persons per year. The seasonal population, now esti- mated at about 1,800 is expected to increase to 2,500-3,000 people by 1985. Housing in Sunset Beach is generally constructed by contract--that is each home is contracted by the prospective purchaser. Little or nospeculative housing construction has taken'place and given the nature of the community none is likely to occur in the near future. Conservation and protection of the waters and marshland which occupy over 1400 acres in Sunset Beach is an Issue of major importance and one which affects every citizen and property owner in the community. The value of the marsh- land and waters both economically and ecologically is, extremely high. The CAMA requires that development be "consistent with the capability of the land and water for development based,on ecological considerations. Simply stated, develop- ment cannot exceed the ability of the land and waters to accommodate it without destroying the natural environment. What this means,,for Sunset Beach is- that if full development of the area for residential land use is desired some type of ce6- tral sewage treatment system will be required. Initial planning for the needs of the area,will soon be underway but it will be some t ime before sufficient informa- tion or expected needs and probable costs are available. Current trends In funding of sewerage systems indicate that the maJor portion of@the system's cost will have to be paid by the town. B. Alternatives for Development As indicated In the issues section, several alternatives were "posed.--development as a family type beach with sufficient commercial uses to serve the community; development a's a "resort-commercial"beach; high density development; or no increasein'the current,rate of development. Each of these alternatives have certain costs associated with them --eco- nomic, ecologic, and social 'costs. But there are also benefits to be gained from each. Some examples of each are given below: Alternative Cost Benefit I. Low density $ per unit of quiet, uncrowdedl family beac'h services is highest natural environment (water, sewer, etc.) ..protected better 13 Alternative cost Benefit 2. Resort-Commercial higher level of $ per unit of Beach Services needed sooner Services is lower environmental quality of Beach degraded 3. High density higher level of $ per unit of Services needed sooner Residential Services is lower 4. Current Develop- ment $ per unit of Time span for needed Rate Services is higher Services is longer There are, of course. other costs and benefits to be derived from the alternatives listed, and under normal-circumstances, should be considered when determining, which alternative to pursue. As was mentioned,fn the section on Current Plansi Policies, and Regulation, most of the land in Sunset Beach Is subjectto restrictive covenants with regards to type and amount of development. For this reason the only alternative avail- able at this time Is to continue the current development rate. J 14 C. Land Use GoalL. -Objectives, and Standards The goals and objectives forinulated as a result of the surveys and public meetings are guides to the future of Sunset Beach. They sliould be reviewed annually and progreiss noted. If con- d1tions and attitudes change, then these goals and objectives may need to be modi- fied or chaGged to meet. community needs and priorities. Goal To create desirable living areas which will harmonize with the natural surroundings. Objectives (1) Continue to maintain adequate beach access areas for all future residential development. (2) Prevent destruction of the existing sand dunes and vegetation by strict enforcement of the County Dune Protection Ordinance. (3) Establish a water and sewer system as soon as possible. (4) Maintain eligibility in Federal Flood Insurance. Program by adopt- Ing and enforcing the necessary codes and ordinances. (5) Qualify as a local permit letting agency underthe Coastal Area Management Act. Goal Promote sufficient commercial activity to strengthen the tax base and in- sure orderly growth. Objectives (1) Encourage convenience type stores to locate in Sunset Beach. (2) Group commercial activities in existing areas of ,commercial uses by proper zoning. (3) Insure adequate vehicular ingress and egress and suf ficient parking at such commercial uses. Goal - Supply adequate community fa'c'ilities for all future development. 1 15 Objectives (1) Complete planned water system as soon as possible and begin planning for sewer system. (2) Expand And upgradd all Town services-as needed for future development. (3) Actively seek and apply for any and all Federal and State grants to assist in providing needed services to the citizens of Sunset Beach. Development Standards Residential areas should: K4ve public water and sewer service within. corporate limits For new development, have minimum lot sizes where community/public water and sewer service is unavailable-20,000 square feet; feet, if either water and sewer facilities are available, but not both - 15,000 square fpet. Be bound but not crossed by major streets. Construct utilities including electric and telephone lines underground, where the groundwater table prohibits under- ground electric wires, utility poles should'follow rear property lines. Not locate in. flood prone areas or in 'the case of beach communities should be above minimum building elevation and flood proofed as determined by HUD-Federal Insurance Admini- stration. Commercial areas should: Locate near intersections of major streets to better serve trade areas. Not be permitted to develop in strips, but rather in compact, grouped, functional units. Provide adequate off-street parking with designated entrances Y,K and exits. Have adequate space; neighborhood shoppi ng centers should range from 3 to 6 a,cr'e,s in size while for community shopping centers from 10 to 30 acres In size. Have compatible:.signs which do not obstruct sight. Recreation areas should: Be located so as to be availa ble to a wide range of people. Provide a variety of activities to interest more than one segment of the population. Be compatible'with surrounding land uses. 16 D. Process Used to Determine Goals and Objectives The following is an excerpt from the Land Development Plan prepared for Sunset Beach prior to the.passage of the Coastal Area Management @A: "A Land Development Survey was sent to permanent residential and absentee property owners to determine their views as to the course of development they prefer for Sunset Beach, and to establish certain goals for the Town to pursue. The survey resulted in some definite goals for Sunset Beach with a return of 70 percent of those sent out. The in-town residents favor r@maining a family beach by a 51 percent majority and oppose commercial development by the same ratio, however, most were In favor of more con- venience stores for local residents. The out-of-town response was overwhelming in support of remaining a fami- ly tyop@beach. Seven questions were asked concerning a water system, the fire department, public works. police, life guard service, full-time operation of the Town Hall, and being taxed to improve these services. Support varied among all questions. However, a clear majority of those responding were in favor of the services and indicated support of the cost of provid- ing such services." The survey was sent to every resident of the beach and to approximately 100 families who comprise the Sunset Beach Property Owners Association. Reali- zing the survey, although highly successful, did not fully comply with the requirement for public participation under the CAMA Guidelines for Local Planning. the Sunset Beach Planning Board and Town Council began to hold regular scheduled monthly public meetings with telephone notice to the citizens of the beach. Prior to submission of a draft synopsis to the Coastal Resources Commission in March 1976, a public meeting to discuss approval of the Land Use Goals, Object- ives, and Standards was held. E. Methods Employed in Public Partidipation Public participation has been broken into two subsections: Education (the Process 'of informing the public) and Involvement (the process of absorbing the people into the planning program).' The Coastal Resources Commission has published a booklet entitled, Handbo6k.on Public Participation ', which contains recommendations concerning the most effective@ methods to employ when s*eeking widespread participa- tion of the public in the 'planning program. In addition, each locality's public participation program is monlitored periodically by the staff of the Coastal Resources Commission to insure that certain standards are being net. 17 The goal of the public participation program is to generate some some commentary concerning the future of the town from each citizen and public agency and to transform these comments into a statement of local land use issues, objectives, policies and standards. The education phase of the program has utilized posters, pamphlets, newspaper articles about CAMA, and public meetings. The involvement phase has included the Town Council, Planning Board, administra- tive officials, and private citizens. The survey mailed out served as a starting point in developing a draft statement of goals and objectives for discussion at meetings held monthly at the Town Hall. Attendance at th:@se meetings, held on the second Wednesday, ranged from five to as many as 45 and usually represented the majority of families living in town. Additionally, the planner met with local citizens on several occasions to discuss progress in developing a final draft of this report. J 18 IV. Constraints A. Land Suitabilit y N The following is an analysis of the general suitability of the undeveloped lands *ithin the Sunset Beach Planning Area for development. Consideration has been given to the following factors: 1) Physical Limitations 2) Fragile Areas 3) Areas with Resource Potential Several areas which are discussed in this section may be designated as areas of Environmental Concern. In the event this occurs, those lands will be subject to the requirements specified by the Coastal Resources Commission for AEC's. Physical Limitations for Development It a) Hazard Areas (1) Man-made Areas - There are no man-made Hazard areas on Sunset Beach. (2) Natural Areas - Natural hazard areas include coastal flood areas, which are subject to flooding from hurricanes,and high tides, and coastal inlet lands which are subject to erosion and .movement. The ocean shoreline at Sunset Beach is accreting at about 7 feet per year rather than eroding. The Flood Hazard Boundary Map shows the extent to which Sunset Beach is subject. flood hazards. Sunset Beach has two inlets Mad, to the west and Tubbs to the east. The following material is extracted from A Historical Review of Some of North Carolina's Coastal Inlets, by Jay Langfelder, Tom French, Richard McDonald and Richard Ledbetter, of the N.C. State University Center for Marine and Coastal Studies: MAD INLET Pc s@ri pt i Mad Inlet is the southernmost inlet in North Carolina and is also one of the smallest inlets on the North Carolina coast. Its average width is approximately 40VIo 800 feet. It is bounded on the south by Bird Island and on the north by Sunset Bea:h. Bird Island to the south of the inlet consists of a low sandy area which is subjected to periodic flooding during periods of high tide. It g3nerally lacks vegetative cover and appears to be easily erodible. Sunset Beach to the east general-ly consists of some- what higher ground. Mad Inlet presently has an "S" shaped configuration and is extremely long compared to its width. The major flow through Mad Inlet comes from the marshes directly behind.the inlet and from two drainage channels, Blane Creek and Salt Boiler Creek, which drain the inlet and also connect with the Intercoastal Waterway to the north. M-i The general trend of Mad Inlet has been to migrate from the east to the west. As the length of the Inlet becomes excessive, and probably associated with a storm condition, a breakthrough can occur to the east. This produced the sand island that can be seen in the 1956 photography. Since the gen@ral littor 'a:l drift in this area is to the west,*this sand isl*and eventually merges into the high ground to the west. The maximum gorge movement that occured during any successive increments between photo- graphy is about 2813 feet to the east or 444 feet per year between 1949- 1956. This movement was caused by a breaching of the Inlet to the north. The net movement of the 'Inlet from 1938 to 1972 has been 610 feet to the east. It can be noted from the figure that the configuration of the Inlet in 1972 is essentially the 'same as the configuration- in 1949:. Future Trends If appears that Mad Inlet will conti6ue to migrate to the west and retain the "S" shape -chae'acteristic because of the reversals in littoral drift. Based on the simflarity of the position in 1949 and 1972, it appears certain that this Inlet will breech the island to the east and form a oew one as was observed in the 1956 photography. INLET CHARACTERISTICS Year Gorge Gorge Average channel Migration Of Migration Of Net Gorge Net Channel W1 (fdth WIdth Channel Width Gorge W side Gorge N side Migration Migration t) Change Width Change (ft/yr) (ft/yr) (ft/yr) (ft/yr) (ft/yr) (ft) (ft/yr) 938 660 -9 248 7 12 W 23 W 17 V I V 11949 552 1949 552 29 265 -7 457 N 430 E 444 E 461 E 1956 736 1956 736 21 333 36 162 W 128 W 145 W 91 V 1961 840 1961 loo -19 300. 49 204 W 223 W 213 V 237 W 1966 745 1966 745 57 219 9 84 W 150 W @117 V 96 W 1972 .111 t Net Sorge MJ@ra it," I SCft) E Maximum Gorge Migration 2813(f E (1949-1956) 6 MAD INLET 1938 194P ,we@ft'l --,.got We- 16 OF f%.e 7 1 .4. Pi Y., 14 ask 4j, 4N, @WPROiWATE '-SCA"CE': 1" 3333' 7 TUBBS INLET @@scrij@jon Tubbs Inlet is 13cated just east )f Mad Inlet in Brunswick County and is approximately 1450 feet in width. Sunset Beach is located to the west-, and Ocean Isle Beach is located ta the east. The Ocean Isle Beach is a long, low, nZirrow said spit built from the east-west littoral flow. On the Sunset Beach side of the Inlet a low unvegetated sand spit presently exists. !119_nation Trends From 1938 to 1966, the Inlet showed a steady westernly migration of over 1800 feet west. During this period, the gorge of Tubbs Inlet was generally decreasing in width,*from about 1750 feet in 1938. to 719 feet in 1966. In 1969, the Inlet was dredged closed and later reopened at approximately the same location as the 1938 position or about one half mile to the east. Since the Inlet was reopened in 1969 it appears to be widening. Future Trends It is difficult to determine if littoral drift will again cause mi- grations similar to the previous ones, but it is likely. When migrations occur, they probably will be similar, if not faster, due to lack of vegetation on the west boundary. Therefore, it can be anticipated that the Inlet will migrate to a location similar to its location in 1966. INLET CHARACTERISTICS Year Gorge Gorge Average Channel Migration Of Migration Of Net Gorge Not Channel Width Width Channel Width Gorge W side Gorge E side 'Migration Migration (ft) Change Width Change (ft/yr) (ft/yr) (ft/yr) (ft/yr) (ft/yr) (ft) (ft/yr) 1936 1754 -66 432 11 7 E 59 W 26 N is W 1949 985 1949 985 -66 368 -4 11 52 W 117 W as W so V 119% 556 1956 556 62 334 37 112 W 70 V 91 V IDO W 1961 865 1941 865 -31 515 -35 103 W 118 W 110 W 88 W 1966 71 122 465 -47 *This inlet was closed in 1969 by pumping of dredge spoil and 1972 1452 was opened by dredging and blasting later In 1969 at approx- imately the same location as it existed in 1938. Total Gorge Migration (ft) 1849 S/W Maximum Gorge Migration (ft) 1849 W (1938-1966) 8 TUBBSINLET 1938 In W4 10 194 '9;; 4F J4 F-j".1956 01 r W77 ,v -2 1961* 'ALA-, r @10. 4 40 v . ""I - 6 6] Z% 19 7 2,!W!, A, Now 2 Vi @4 J APPROXIMATE SCALE 11" 3333- *",.- fti, 23 b) Soil Limitations There are four different soil%,types found in the Sunset Be'r--h area: Coastal Beach, tidal Marsh, Norfolk fine sand and Saint Lucie fine sand. Each of these soils can be rated according to limitationn for certain uses. The table below shows tbe general suitability of each soil type for various forms pf land use. Soil Interpretations Ounset Beach,_North Carolina Suitability as Source of Degree of Limitation For 'Road Septic. Topsoil Fill Dwellings Tanks Light Ind. Forestry Agriculture COASTAL Poor Good w/ Moderatel Hoderate2 Moderate V. Severe V. Severe BEACH Binder TIDAL V. Poor V. Poor V. Severe V. Severe,V. Severe V. Severe V. Severe RSH 0 ORFOLK Poor Good w/ Moderate Moderate2 M oderate Good Severe INE Binder AND 2 MIoderate Good T. LUCIE Poor 6od W/ Moderate Moderate Severe INE Binder AND 1. Structures wit]; footing on subsoil. 2. Low f ilting action, rapid permeability, excessive density can pollute ground- water. Source: Brunswick County,.Soil Conservation Office., To relate this soil data to the Land Development Plan,@Ithe Coastal Beach soil is found on the island; the Tidal Marsh -includes all the area designated Wetland WatLrlon Figure 1; the Norfolk'Find Sand covers most of the mainland, area with the exception of a small area nortb of the town limits along Secondary Road 1172, which consists of Saint. Lucie Fine Sand. An examina- tion of the Soil Intrepretation Table indicates that all of the soils have limitations for various ukes. On-site soil analysis is reccmmended for in- dividual land use applications before any major development decisions are mades [A T Il I I I I I I I I Such asristanc,e, is avallable from the Brunswick County So3.1 Conservation Office. 'Soil Survey of Rrvinswlck County, North Carol:L11a, UL!.tc-d States Department of Agriculturev Washington, D.C., 1937. 24 It should be pointed out the soils data presented here is from very old studies. The U. S. Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service is preparing amore detailed soil survey for the Outer Banks and barrier islands of North Carolina. As this new information becomes available it should be incorporated into the Land Use Plan. 25 c) Wate.- Sup?ly Area r Located within the Lumber River Basin, all residents in the City of Sunset Beach use groundwater to supply water nepds. As ncd surface supplies PF are used, Sunset Beach is not in any designated public water supply watershed. Very little is knowsn about the hydrogeology of Sunset Beach. Three aquifers or aquifer systems are known to exist: the Post-Miocene Aquifer# the Tertiary System Aquifer, and the Cretaceous System Aquifef. The Post-Miocene Aquifer occurs from land surface to an estimated 40 feet BLE, is composed of sand mostly, and stores groundwater under watertable and/or semi-artesian conditions. Underlying the Post-Miocene from 40 feet BLS to 751 BLS is a Tertiary System Aquifer composed of limestone which stores water under artesian conditions.. . From 75 feet BLS to 1340 feet BLS is the Cretaceous System Aquifer, an artesian and flowing artesian aquifer which contains brackish CW in unconsolidated sands. Basement is encountered at 1340 feet BLS. Nothing is known about the water quality or quantity native to the Post-Miocene and Tertiary System Aquifer. Natural rainfall.does, of course, recharge the Post-Mioce ne Aquifer; Tertiary System Aquifer is recharged by the under special conditions the Post-Miocene. Sunset Beach currently has no public water supply. Each individual, home has a private well drawing water from a depth of 10'-20'. d) Steep Slopes There are no areas within the Sunset Beach Fla.nn ing Area where the predominant slope exceeds twelve (12%) percent-.@ 26 2. Fraqile Areas - Areas within Sunset 3,edch which cculd be destroy- 0.1-.,,damaged by inappropriate development include: Coastal Wetlands Sand Dunes Ocean Beaches and Shorelines Estuarine Waters Public Trust Waters Each of these areas are described in the Areas of Environmental Concern section below. B. Capacity of Communi@y Facilities Sunset Beach provides police pro- tection, garbage pickup, and some administrative services at Town Hall. A voluntear fire department provides fire protection. There are no water and sewer services provided, @nwever, implementation of the Phase II portion of the Brunswick County Water System is expected to be begun within the next eighteen months. Sunset Beach should be atle to provide public water within one year after the project is begun. Brunswick County operates a. county-wide school system and provides. transportation for the children living in Sunset Beach. 27 V EST114ATED DEMAIND A Population and Economy The Guidelines for Local Planning require that a population esti- mate for the next ten years be made and utilized as the basis for de- termining land and facilities demand and for classifying land areas. Major identifiable economic trends or factors in the, economy which might have impact on future land use arerequired to be examined. Three additional factors to be considered in m3king population esti- mates are (1) Seasonal population (2) Local objectives concerning growth, and (3) Foreseeable social and economic change. It should be pointed out that future populal-tion estimates are just that -- estimates, especially in small towns. Lack of detailed data on births, deaths, or migration (in or out of the area) renders the most accurate projection method, cohort-survival', unusable. Using past building permit records, N. C. Department of Administration annual population estimates, and Brunswick County Planning Department pro- Jections, the population estimates for Sunset Beach are as follows: POPULATION PROJECTIONS 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 2000 2025 Brunswick County 24,223 35,621 40,382 50,754 59,000 NA NA- Shallotte Twp. 4,877 5,592 6,339 7,967 9,262 NA NA Sunset Beach 108 140 173 . 206 240 306 471 (Sunset Beach population projections by arithmetid method) The southwest Brunswick beaches have recently been identified as being within a population and, economi,c growth corridor extending up the coast from the Greater Myrtle Beach area to the Southport -Wilmington area. This pattern may be seen in the already.increasing population of Calabash, N. C. and the recent upward trend in'permanent residents of Sunset Beach. There is not expected to be any major economic impact caused by.this growth other than an increased tax base. Major commercial and industri al areas will remain focused at the ends of the corridor, but it may be expected that the permanent pop- ulation and certainly the seasnoal population will.continue to increase. Using the factor of approximately 9 persons per rental dnit available (established in Section '11. A.), and assuming that all the land currently 28 available for residential development (346 acres) is used at the minimum residential dens;",..4,,y required by the Sunset Beach Zoning Ordinance, an additional 11,421 people coulG be housed in Sunset Beach at peak capacity. This figure represents full development and based upon the present trend of about 16 new homes per year, this would occur in approximately 80 years. The existing water and sewer situation cannout continue to support an increasing number of homes, especially on the island. During a recent dry spell of about a month and a half, several homes were experiencing reduced water supplies frcm th6ir wells. The water system mentioned earlier will allievate some of this problem, but within the ten year planning period, a public sewer will become a necessity. Also, as more and more land area is consumed by development and covered with paved streets, houses, and accessory structures that prevent infiltration of rainfall, drainage of storm water becomes a serious threat to nearby marshland. Even with public sewer, urban development can be fatal to the environmentally sensitive wetlands surrounding Sunset Beach. 29 B. Future Land "Needs The following table indicates future.land/use acreage allocations for the year 1985 based upon the "pro'@ected" permanent population of the planning area ( 206 ) and upon certain other factors such as expressed desires for increased residential activity.,the availability of publ'ic services, and additional recreational areas. 1985 Land Demand Approximate _T@S @tln Population Based w/factors Residential 64 9k4 io&` Cow;mercial 4 6 6 Industrial - - - Transportations Communication 2 3 3 Utilities Governmental-Institutional, Cultural, Entertainment 2 3 42 Recreation Total Developed 140 174* 181 Amount of increase - 34 41 IThe increase is expected to be needed for the rise in "second-home" constr6ction,cited in the Population and Economy section above. 2Reflects an increase in the amount of land desired for recreation by local citizens. C. Communill Facilities Demand In July of 1973 the Town received plans and cost estimates for the construction of a water distribution system. The cost estimate was $360,000 including administrative costs. A recent check with the engineers indicated that these costs are still in line at this time and should hold if the project can be implemented this year. Unfortunately, Bruns- wick County$ which is to supply the water, cannot get a commitment from the Farmers Home Administration for funds to begin Phase II of their water project until at least April, 1977. The County has recently engaged an engineering fi m to undertake the studies and develop the plans for the sewerage disposal needs of Sunset Beach, Ocean Isle, Holden Beach, and Calabash area. No date 30 has been set for completion of the study which is required in order to receive State and Federal fu;-I-ds for sewerage collection and treatment. The Town should be able to absorb the projected ten year growth without a sewerage system, but the plans and srecifications should be prepared and the cost estimates kept current in order that the citizens be aware of the costs of future development. 31 VI, Plan Description A. Land Classification System The North Carolina Land Classification System contains five classes of land: a. Developed--Lands where existing population density is moderate to high and where there are a variety of land uses which have the necessary public services. b. Transition--Lands where local government plans to accommodate moderate to high density development during the following)ten year period and where necessary public services will be pro- vided to accommodate that growth. c. Community--Lands where low density development is grouped in existing settlements,or will occur in such settlements during the -following ten year period and which will not require exten- sive public services now or in the future. d. Rural--Lands whose highest use is for agriculture, forestry, mining, water supply, etc., based on their natural resources potential. Also, lands for future needs not cuirently recognized. e. Conservation--Fragile, hazard and other lan6s necessary to maintain a healthy natural environment necessary to provide for public health, safety, or welfare. These five classes provide a framework to be used by the town to identify the general use of all lands within the corporate limits. Such a system presents an opportunity for Sunset Beach to provide for its needs as well as to consider those of the whole state. Also'. it is a statement of policy on where and to what density we want growth to occur, and where we want to conserve the beacWs natural resources by guiding growth. Applying this classification system to Sunset Beach as shown on the accompanying map, land falls into four categories: transition. community, rural, and conservation. All lands identified as potential Areas of Environmental Concern are shown as conservation. Transition lands are those where the town intends to provide necessary public services to serve existing and projected development. LAND CLASSIFICATION MAP 6-1 TRANSITION C COMMUNITY R RURAL R P CONSERVATION R R P P T R 7i P p p p P -5 X, r P Flu- , 7jill p 32 B. Proposed_Areas of Environmental Concern - The Coastal Area Management Act of 1974 requires that local land use plans gff@'special attention to the pro- tection and appropriate development of Areas of Environmental Concern (AEC's). All local governments may suggest these areas and the Co, astal Resources Commission (CRC) will have the final responsibility to identify Areas of Environmental Concern acting upon local suggestions and following the statutory guidelines. The iden- tification of AEC's by local governments will serve to assist the Coastal Resources Commission in the ultimate designation of Areas of Environmental Concern and will also provide for use in the local land use plans. Jhe CRC will use the iden tifica- tion applied by local governments for the purpose of analyzing the territorial extent of the various AEC categories. The identification of AEC's by local.governments will not be utilized for purposes of land tse control or permit letting. Only final AEC's, adopted by the Coastal Resources Commission will be used in the permit letting program. The determination of whether a particular site is within an AEC category will be based upon adopted written descriptions of AEC's and detailed AEC maps.' Any development requiring land area over twenty (20) acres or with a building of 60,000 square feet of floor space will requi re a permit from the CRC if the proposed development is wi thin an Area of Environmental Concern. All smaller developments may be regulated by local governments. The following AEC's have been identified in Sunset Beach: 1. Coastal Wetlands: a. Low Tidal Marshland Description Low tidal marshland exists primaHly below the mean high water line and is subject to inundation by the normal rise and fall of lunar ti des. It can be readily identified by one plant species, salt marsh cordgress (5 pA!:t na Al'LerniflorA) which grows as the dominant vegetative species. Appropriate Land Uses: 33 1) Utility easements and facilities where restoration of low marsh conditions will occur upon completion of the project; 2) Elevated walkways and piers to navigational channels; 3) Access routes for marina facilities; b. High Coastal Marshland Description: High coastal marshland is all other marshland which is not low tidal mArshland and exists between the upper limits of Spartina alterniflora and those land areas reached'by the occasional flooding of the tides. This salt marshland or other marsh zone shall be those areas upon which grow some, but not necessarily all, 'of tne following salt marsh and marsh plant species: Black Needle Rush Juncus roemerianus Glasswort Salicornia spp. Salt Grass Distichlis sp@icata Bulrush Sci rpus spp. Sea Lavender Limonium spp. Saw Grass Cladium jamaicense Cat-Tail Typha spp. Salt-Meadow Grass Spartina patens Salt'Reed Grass Spartina cynosuroides Appropriate and Uses: 1) Elevated walkway and p'iers to naviIgational channels 2) Access for marina facilities where such facilities 'are developed landward of the high marsh boundary; 3) Public utility easements and facillties where natural high marsh conditions will berestored upon comIp letion of the projectse, 4) Ports, d1o .cks, marine.facilities and.channels when such are located and constructed specifically for the public's use, 34 2. Estuarine Waters.: De-.;e-iption: Estuarine waters are brackish waters which are contained within the boundary of Sunset Beach 6ither in sounds, bays, rivers or tributaries. Appropriate Uses: 1) Elevated pier and boat docks except in maintained navigable channels; Public utility easements,and facilities where the natural conditions will be restored upon comple :@ion of the project; 3) The dredging and maintenance of access channels except in productive shellfish beds. .3. Public Trust ireav, Description Public trust areas are waterways,and lands under or flowed by tida-l waters or navigable waters, to which the public may have rights of access or public trust rights and areas which the State of North Carolina may be authorized to preserve, conserve, or protect under Article XIV. Section 5 of the N.C.-Constittition. All waters of1he Atlantic Ocean and the lands thereunder from the mean high water mark to the seaward limit of State Jurisdiction; all natural bodies of water subject to measurable lunar tides and lands thereunder to the mean high,water mark; all navigable,natural. bodies of water and lands thereunderlto the mean or ordinary,high water mark as the case may be, except privately owned lakes having no public access; all waters in artificially created bodies of water in which exists significant public fishing resources or other public resources, which are accessible to the public by navigation from bodies of,:water in which the public has rights of navigation; all waters in artificially created bodies of water in which the public has acquired rights by_. prescription, custom, usage, ledication or any other means. 35 Appropriate Land Uses: 1) Fishing piers in both ocean and estuarine waters; 2) Access for marina facilities, 3) Public utility easement; 4) Dredging and maintenance of navigation channels; 5) Bulkheads, groins and jetties. 4. Excessive Erosion Areas, Coastal Inlet Lands: Description Coastal inlet lands are zones of natural migration or those areas adjacent to those water channels across the outer banks which connect the,ocean with the estuarine waters. This natural zone of migration covers all areas that are expected to be eroded by future inlets and inlet movement based on existing data and studies. Appropriate Land-.Uses: I Conservation activities; 2 Boat landings; 3 Small temporary structure for education and recreation purposes; 4 Docks and public access easement 5 Continuation of present Land Uses:under existing subdivisios with- i-n this.area. 5. Coastal Flood Plains: Description:.,,.,Coastal flood plains are defined as the land areas. adjacent to coastal sounds, estuaries.or the ocean which are prone to, flooding from storms with an annual probability of one percent or greater (100 years-flood), These areas are analogous to the 100 year statistical flood level on a,river. These areas are delineated and identified by the U.S. Army Co.rps of Engineers in conjunction with flood insurance studies prepared.for the Federal Insurance Administration. Appropriate Land Uses: All acceptable land uses and developments must meet stringent 36 engineering standards which will maintain the structures, integrity, stability and safety during a 100 year storm. All forms of development can be undertaken as long as it conforms with the standards set forth in the Federal Insurance Administration Codf- of Federal Regulations. Title 24, Chapter 10, Subchapter B. The Cod e puts forth.specific requirements which must be met to maintain safety during the-flood surge of a 100 year storm. All developments which,do not meet these specific Federal requirements will not be acceptable land uses., 6. Ocean Beaches: Description Ocean beaches and shorela'n'ds are defined as land areas without vegetative covering, consisting of unconsolidated soil materia 1 that exte,nds landward from the mean low tide to a point where any one or combin ation of the following occur: (1) vegetation or (2) a distinct change in predominant soil particle size or (3) a change in slope orelevation which alters the physiographic land 170 rm. Appropriate Land Uses: 1) Fishing piers which are elevated enough to allow lateral access along the.beach front; 2) -Utility maintenance; 3) Conservation measures when such measures are in the public interest. 7. Coastal Dune Lanes: Description: Coastal dune lands are defined as ridges or mounds of loose wind blown material, usually sand, which begin at the landward margin of the frontal dune and extends inl and as one or more series of sand mounds and trough.areas until it reaches either a line of estuarine water.oncroachment or inland soil types. They can be barren, 'partially or compl:tcly vegetated with grasses or woody vegetation. 37 Appropriate Land Uses: Acceptable land uses must be those developments that can be safely undertaken utilizing recognized engineering practices such as the use of pilings to decrease destruction of dunes and thus limit the chance of flood damage. Also sound site preparation and site maintenance techniques must be 6sed to minimize unnecessary damage of the dunes from wind and waters should the development be allowed. Appropriate land uses are limited to the following: 1) Residential 3)t.C.Governmental 2) Commercial .4) Recreational All allowable land uses should be designed so as to limit as much as possible the removal of the natural vegetation. a. Man-Made Dune Lands . .: Description: The subcategory man-made dune lands are artificial extensions of natural coastal dune lands which are usually made to increase the landward margin of.the barrier.island as a result from reclamation and deposition of dredge spoil a.nd bar materials. Appropriate Land Use: 1) Single and,multi-family residential;, Commercial; 3) Govprnmen-tal; 4) Recreational. b. Frontal Dunes Description: The, subcategory frontal dunes are primary sand dune ridges which align.,themselves parallel to the ocean beaches. They begin on the ocean, side at the mean high tide line of the ocean beach and extend over the first dune ridge to the lowest elevation in the depression behind,it commonly called the dune trough. This is the foredune and does not include any slopes of the adjacent.landward dune. 38 However, in areas where the frontal dune has experienced erosion and is less than 15 feet in height (from mewsea level to crest of dune) a 120 foot set back area should be so de7ineated starting from the ocean mean high water line extending,towards the mainland. (The 120 foot buffer zone allows adequate space for the establish- ment of an artificial frontal dune if such a decision is made in the future. The 15 foot minimum safe height of a dune is mentioned in the "Sand Dune Protection Ordinance of Brunswick County". The 120 foot set back is derived from acceptable engineering data from the Army Corps of Engineers which utilizes a, 1:5 slope on the wind- ward side of a dune and 1.3 slope on the leeward side, thus establishing the minimum base area necessary to artificially build a frontal dune 15 feet high). Appropriate Land Uses: The frontal dunes should be considered -unsuitable for all develop- ment which would alter thei r natural functions. Appropriate land uses shall be limited-to the following: 1) Elevated fishing pier; 2) Elevated peddstrian walkways for public access;- 3) Conservation activities. All of these allowable land uses should not damage or destory the existing vegetation on the frontal dune. Development Standards Applicable to all AEC's 1. No development should be allowed in any Areas of Environmental Concern which would result in a yiblation of any rules, regulations, or laws of the State of North Caro 1 i na, the Federal government or any county or town government in wl:ichjhe development takes place. 39 2. No development should be allowed in any AEC which would have a substantial likelih ood of causing pollution of the waters of the State to the extent that such waters would be closed to the taking of shellfish under standards set by the Comission for Health Services,pursuant-to G. S. 130-169.01. C. Implementation - Major public actions needed to implement,the.Land Develooment Plan are listed below. Through the years, as goals and objectives are met or as changes are needed, these actions should be modified and new actions begun to meet the needs,of the community. Immediate Priorities,. J (I ) Complete the water system. (2) Fnforce building code, zoning ordinance and other codes and ordinances to Insure proper and safe development. (3) Encourage public participation in government decisions through the use of informal meetings, newsletter?, etc. (4) Study existing tax structure and rateto determine the ability to finance.needed services, i.e., policies, public works, water and sewer systems, fire protection. (5) Institute a.capital budgeting process,.seeking advisory technical help from available sources, to plan and bu dget for equipment and facility expansion to meet the public need. Near Term Priorities (1976-1979) (1) Continuecode enforcement and qualify for permit letting under C.A.M.A. (2) Establish a Recreation Commission and plan for a community center for local residents. (3) Continue to review levels of public services and upgrade as needed. (4) Maintain conta ct and communication wi.th,residents and property owners through monthly newsletters (include with water bill) and J public meetings to discuss town action. 40 (5) Conduct feasibility study for wastewater treatment system. Immediate-Term Priorities (1979-19?11 (1) Construct a wastewater treatment system. (2). As facilities permit,the town may revise policy concerning ,development of town houses and condominium complexes. (3) Continue enforcement procedures of the Coastal Area Manageiment Act. Long-Term Priorities (1983-1995) (1) Continue reviews and updating of the Land Development Plan. (2) Continue code enforcement with review end revision as necessary to protect the environment and the developmont of Sunset Beach. (3) Continue public participation program. (4) Upgrade services as needed for future development. 41 V 11. SUEVARY The Synopsis prepared in conjunction with this Plan provides a usefui sum.ary of'the most important points covered previously. A discussion of the data assemblyp analysis, and conclusions reached is useful at this point. The expertise of various local, county, state and federal agenciesand people has been utilized in the preparation of this document with the planner acting as gatherer and technical writer. Population and economic data was provided by the U.S. Bureau of the Census, the Brunswick, County Planning Department, the N.C. Department of Administration4 Existing land use data was gathered from a windshield survey by ONER planning staff, with some data from N. C. State University studies. Aerial photographs used were flown by the the U.S. Department of Agriculture and the N.C. Department of Transportation. Soil limitation data was provided by the U.S. Soil Conversation Service. ..Water supply data was prepared by the DNER Regi onal Hydrologist. Data for community facilities was provided by Peirson-Whitman, Incorporated, DNER reports, Town Officials and other State agencie s. Analysis of the data gathered was the responsibility of the Planning Board with the planner assisting with the non-technical definition of technical data. The major conclusions reached with the analysis of the technical data and the public participation process resulted in the Objectives, Policies and Standards Section and the IMplementation Section. 42 VIII. TOWN-COUNTY RELATIONSHIP Portions of the cooperative spirit between the planning staffs for the Town and the County may be found throughout this report. Population data, AEC information, and Land Classification data have been a few of the exchanges of information. Additional aspects of coordination include the exchange and pakicipation in review of the Land Use Goals, Objectives, And Standards for conformity with the corresponding sections of the Town and County reports. Joint staff meetings in addition to the public meetings held throughout the County by the County Planning Department have resulted in a good working relationship at the-staff level. At the policy level, contact between the elected officials is on a more formal basis. Generally, the Mayor attends specific County Commission meetings at either the.Town's or County's request. Additionally, a Sunset Beach Council member serves as the chairman of the County Planning Board. IX. APPENDIX In order for the Tot-;n of Stniset Beach to progress in an nrderly and &-4 1 C fashion, it is of utmost ii-iiportance to obta4 n the opinions, and 1-esponses of its residents. The information you supply in the rollowing questionnaire will be of great value in helping the Town officials in developing goals and objectives for the future development of Sunset Beach. 1. Do you live in Sunset Beach year round? ('Yes) (No) 2. If you live in Sunset Beach only part of the year, when do you arrive in Sunset Beach? A When do you leave Sunset Beach? 3. In what City do you live when not in Sunset Beach? 4. Why did you choose Sunset Beach as a place to live? (Check below) a. Reasonably priced house or land b. Good place to raise children C. Close to friends and relatives d. Quiet e. Pleasant surroundings f. Close to work 9- Low taxes h. Other. explain %,n@ @cp3e_ 0, 5. What would you most like to see improved in Sunset Beach? 'e, e 6. What things do you think have been neglqc@ted in the Town? -k oe --0. -, OA IM V 7. Would you lJ ke to see more commercial establishments in Sunset Beach? (Yes)_ (No) _@<. If Yes, what kind? 8. Would l*k more multi-family housing units built? (Yes) (No 9. Now would you like to see Sunset Beach develop in the future? tm"am_, J UL L ki " 6-4.4ff-i 57 The answers to the following questions which pertain directly to municipal services will be considered by the Town Officials in determining the level of services you, the citizens, want and need. 1. Do you want a municipal water system. (basic to lower fire insurance ratings and public health)? 2. Should the Volunteer Fire Department become a town-funded operation? -Ale) 3. Should the Town -stablish a 40-hour work week with someone in the Town Hall on duty? 4. Should the Town establish a Public Works Department with a full-time employee to handle the work load? 5. Should the Town es e ,Aaj)l i kh a full-time professionally traigy pol department? @@,* /, 9 /// 15,b an e 6. Should the Town provjo_.for 7ublic Life Guard Service on the beach during the summer session? 7. If'you think the T wn.should be providing the above services, which ones are you willing to be taxed for in order safety, and &@ the generaj@ health, public welfare may be protected? PUBLIC PARTICIPATION SU.NDIARY 2 1. Evaluation of your Public Participation Program A. Dops your land use planning depend on the local planaer for direction or does citizen involvement offer direction? "I e-, - ir Ia." " e ;-/@V@Iwd*fl 4'4,@7SC @@' -,S1. *J/IL" lox j'4hrC'4 B. Unique features of your public participation progra:3 that might-be useful to other commun-Ities. 7@ ks-e4-j)@@ 0/., V0, Vey C. How did you develop your Public Participation Program? 74 JS/ ein"A 'pr (*S@ Y e Zko- 2'v> d Ic lla-@ - C-o > 4 .1 D. Do you consider your public involvemen t a success? Please explain. 7 1 C,4 /,r. awe- 'k/ e- 2YfcA--Wv C/ E. List some key-citizens in your public participation program: names, phone numbers. Fk-J1t%A,e.1 Ma;ro;. 2. Steps taken to inform local citizens about the CAM program A. Newspaper -I IA 4 B. Radio C. Television D. Bulletins, Leaflets Newslet ters C-@,4AA C-. W J. rk- Al % I - 19j'Al 1/1) -) 1/1 &@ /Y.-tq- .1 cn-s JI P/ Crl 42._ 4 E. Other Methods - L.i NBLIC PARTICIPATION SM-r4ARY -- Page 2 3. Opportunities for citizens to provide input into land use planning A. ews Dre-&P-sc 1;`j;c-' It A Is Personal intervi 4 C @J/. 1A B. Surveys 7"V1'_Ar'Z/ jr .04 ..' Y"--% .ptc_. C. Workshops and public 6eetings' R10.74-474, IA01401X C/A4,4 4, D. Other Opportunities C,-K.A-.s Xa, A.2d I'll. / d opt 4.. Quality and quantity of feedback from the public A. Approximate percentage of community providing input c5d. ffe, K1'r %_ .2 0% 0 -.@j j" 'A'.. /a#- 0 ethnic groups and social strata involved? B. Are a C. Are non-residents and non-voters involved? lye 5 D. Future participation activities planned A M4 E. How are you reflecting the responses yo are receiving into the land use plans? '14 Pe rson Filing Report Name of Communitly Date of Report kioylclrl!@22 orv J01V T BLI. C--.. HEARING T LAND USE PLANS'. BY BRUNSWICK COUNTY, THE TOWN ' 0 V SOUTHPORT, THE TOWN Of LONG. BEACH, THE TOWN- OF. HOLDEN. BEACH.'-.* AND THE TOWN OF. SUNSET BEACH,.: en that The County Of B .,NOTICE IS HEREBY giv swick, The Towns of Southport, Long Beach, Holden Be and Sunset Beach will hold a joint Public hearing to receive, comments, recommendations and request for changes In land use plans that are proposed to be adopted in accordance with Chapter 113A of the General Statutes of. North Carolina.' M required-'bk said staute and the planning guidelinei...4 4 promulgated thereunder the above mentioned towns and--..,.,.. county are required to adopt said land use plans prilori,to MAY' -2110 1976., This publi6bearing will be held THURSDAY.-MAY 6,3976,-.' IN SUPPLY, . NORTH CAROLINA -., ..AT_...Ti4E,.: AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION BUILDING. All intefested.. citizens are urged to attend and express their views'., Copies of the proposed land use'plans are: available for' public inspection in the County Courthouse iil Soutbportorat the county Planning Department in Southport 0-28d) Lob Lo"PA's b6wW Loon6"c'h t"p '74 against the tov.-a tlant, Ing board. 112 el- rrl@h 0 1 I t.. Al 777) The town board agreed to f meeting after hearing the develop complaints and the planning boa [email protected] L--d%,V own. U T n, rebuttal at their rtgular mee Wednesday night. A.H. Gainey, representing developer of Ocean Crest Subdivi, 0 S@. "who is a client of mine", aakk ommissioners tn approve the tart C WW Inary platta f Air wvt@ At, V ay or the subdivision. 'y '.I submitted the plats for nppi in December (to the planning boai BY LOU 11110PCHAS received a letter from Ch"trp. (Rosette) Short (of the Long F ne county, with LonR Beach, Sunset there are areas such as towns and Creek. Limited, moderate or very fittle- board's actions, said Tuesday the high Surf City has: wateris 'Polluted. slid - - -ar .@each, Holden Beach and Southport, development: where population development Is approved for Wacca- rises were being permitted despite the septic tanks backing up. planning 1), rd' In . try th -vill hold,_a,pAlic hearing Thursday growth Is t.akin% place and must have maw Township. Leland Is planned for fact that only 10 percent of th@ people 90-day moratoviqry@ was In 61i. don't belleive you did that," Jght, May 6_to air views or. their sewer and water facilities. Including continued or moderate - growth as who answered 'questionnaires on the She charged that the count5rplanning "This board has never irrant ar:d-u3e plans which will determine the develooment In all of these areas, serviceds are available. county's future growth policy favored board is "run by developers who art delay In consideration of submisb :@nw Prunswielt Cattily and Its towns the atate has said the total area !or Shallotte Township has opted. for -,high rises and 90 percent were against interested In their own self-gain" and plats," Gainav rAlct. "Me invest ,--III Rre limited yearround population with a them. said the citizens of Brunswick County co@r.,,rPJir:,. that ovms the prf w in the fu ure: sewer disposal should not be over 15 The county and towns' land-uae square miles. The county has large seasonal population. would suffer the c onsequenci-* of their*' 1@nl, ry;y it 1.) )ok et It. 'ri r., -;ns will be used at the basis for recommtnded 70 aquare miles, for.,., Sutton said the count plan encourag She said she had objected to. them planning the couirty'a futur". A,.A'," ho snJd, `Arin this thini Droviding future services such as urban type development In the county.'. es a variety of housing Including single repeatedly and wjuld argue again:;t She Uid $weca" Chv ciuma!i'v -,mm ill ro-ert '.i troot of them (the plik water and sewer facilities in the 2D "The reason for this proposal was family residences, low profile housing. them at a viblic hearing sthedulei in' permis%ive, eav.:,xperr dre atWe to %ell' board) stneb Decernter. coastAl counties, including Brunswick, that !here already was a need for and high rises. Apartments are New Bern May 11 before the Coastal land.@whollher or not @.eptll@ tanka can "Why should I rece!vo su dnd are required an R result of the .water and sewer ser0;es In the approved where a full range of Resources Commission. be uned op. the property cr not. letterl` he asked, "You Coz-atal Area Management Act. b4mest portlow! ,( the county,.. services, such as water, sewer, police- delegated this authority tc tn.st;ml of overatinpr with P "free 4L,d ex!atirq develop- .and rice protection, are provided. '.':' She said the county's land use plan ... Me.cItimns of Brunswick County plannIng board ard they must 0 sai ncluding those. relpri", w;Lh no res, fi.j -re wer: in t;ie menty,' Sutt n d. However, the towns, I '. has "minimum" requirernents without have said they don't want another good faith, which they haven't devo!uoment tn tne colinty V , - Unless a larger area is Included for towns who have opted for the county to defining "minimum". "We have no Myrtle Beach, but that's what they're We've got it do-nothing plo c,ct,.!rf_!lcd b@ stondarAr it.., mAula- water and sewer In the future very do their planning, will decide for minimum lot sizes and the very least - going to get," she said. board," %e- said. Itions set by the Idn':-U.-le Plan$, Sutton little development could occur in the themselves whether they went to allow In health standards. We are going to Tha May eth meeting Is open to the Gainey*t! ild he was at the m said. county, Sutton said. . high rises such as several-story. ocean --end up with the same problem that public. Ali citliens are urnd to attend., mpresentng hib ell ent "to trv a lie also said federal and state grants Among the land use policies front condominiums, hotels.or apart- something done." ter and sewer systt-ma will be (e.Dtatively approved by the county Is a 'men for wa, is Mavor Harold C-ain Invitei i--lued tn accordance with the local "compact road policy" which basically' Sutton said the county land use plan Short, chairman of the Long plans -fter uhev are adopted. says that any land under development. Is "permissive". The towns still have Escaped Convict..C&ught. Plarning Board. to rebut Gi One of the most controversial pointi now can continue to develop. . .their own options. They can have no to the cuunty'B plan, Sutton said, Is the . Road growth and development will high rises or whatever Ithey want. complaints. state says the county planning be discouraged In areas where BOPUC They're adopting their own policies." She :;;vlalned the plat was haf department, Its staff. the planning tank and sewer services are-,not ' Thetowns of Shallotte, Shady Forest An escapee from the New bulletin was posted for the the planning board- without a board and the county commissioners* available, according to the -county's "and Calabash have restrictions against Hanover County prison was escaped convict. - letter. "It had nothing on have approved "too much land for land use plan, Sutton said. high rises tn their plans, Yaupon and apprehended in Shallotte last requests or anything. We cons14 development" tn the future. Growth In productive agriculture Ocean We are permitting them under Wednesday morning by Shal. The escapee, Bruce Gaskins, as a sketch plan. We worked ov, a sketch plan with notations, I "Me Coastal Resources Commission and productive forettland will also be certain conditions, Sutton said. lotte Police Chief Hoyle Var. 29, was transferred to the New and the state staff said that we should discouraged, according to the plan, However, Ms. 13ene Kellagher, a nam. Hanover County prison unit. He preliminary plat," the said. have only approximately 15 square Sutton said. member of the planning board Chief Varnam said he made was serving time for breaking,". Gainey said. '"Me map doettv the arrest at approximately a entering and larceny and for a preliminary. but we don't h@ miles In Brunswick County where Those townships which have 801)rov- representing Lockwood Folly, who has submit a design sketch on at water and sewer should be provided." ed limited to moderate growth ars repeatedly expressed opposition to the a.m.. less than 24 hours after a previous escape.... This means that all over the eountyj Smithville, Lockwood Folly and Town high rises and the county planning.,._ less than 10 acres." The Oceitt, j4r,@: 4 ?A. olly' fornished. Isle Beach. IF 11 FOR SALE-1970 VW 849.060. _I Owne 0/ /k 'j., - -9 "'Ajiv automatic Sedan. 3-4 May 13 isdio. 11-6ck'tspe OCEAN FftOUT LOTS. Ocean 0@yf !o@d conditions. FOR SALE,@Re;r diii 10 Isle 2.M. ;mi @:11050-00. phone- $42-6924 _0 Ad 6 -SECOND ROW -LOTS April 29 A. Yes. Under the cire-im- 1'0145. Sell ror'$73 . tances you descr;bt n,:.@tt Ocean 1 .0 U 22P eacl@ r ;-X' x 52' used Elegant Estat 0 rA %pr, 411slel . I 6.50i.- - .. .. 40,i a ; :@licies insuring privLte mi. @-Z-3 bedroom, 2 full baths. $512.7 senger autos woud pr(%vid%- -GR-I@PEFRUIT IPUL- with I :_-j LOTS. shanot.-- dO and Isstime '@ayments. JrA@ t., -0--OL- q'GOLF CO1jRSE_ wn coverage for your rnothpr-irv jr OpUn - - law, and without addiliontf more Irs.i. kicludes delivery a@d setup. arge. However. yr.-ir policki &an grapefruits ZaT ch Wumlshed._ -&-ppl] a c;4 on1j. will not provide cove.alt -3c OL 'Call LaDone' W1111amson vol@ Cbntact Walker Mobile Homes your mother-in4a%, dr;vio@ bx weaii aid 6se weli c6uw DR car that she owns. Ellington or Judy Yarbroulb. e 7S4-6499. ft PROFESSIONAL WERIOR CUSTOM PAINTING FOI? YO UP, IAUNDERING'@i,-.'. )QVL EXTERIOR SPECIA L NEEDS f -!AND DRY-CLEANING jAr Sir owl PEEL WITH SHALLOTTE DRY CLEANERS' __75 -44 5 4 Shallofife-1,19.t. 1@1' Painting & .9. ---DIVERSIFIED PROPERTIES Waffpap6.ring Phdh'e 287-6778 Ash, N.C. *MANAGEMENT p-fac4ie - brick .-.3 -bedroom, .-I ;bath ome everlo.oking Shabode River. Oversix; lot. Ben'titifui. - j LEGAL NbtICE AMAN - - i @, -.Ill wv -,toal llnla_nil..witerra@ lot. Holden 84 Nodce Is hereby given. In accordance with the T. n r ment le Home'lots - $1.200 up .Mobl Prgvbio 'a of tAe "Coastal A es'Mansge 1974." that the Town' Council of the r 00 wft. to ove Ing Inlafid of Sunset I!eocb wg'l hold a I z . public P7 Im. n -.bearing to bear comments and recommi As.' don's fr@m public and Orl4te parties ..Holden Reach - Brand new ocean front houses. 4 wegs r%M g- 'i propose I tsrW .use plan for -the bedr"," i bilihi, 'Und;r% [email protected] Buy_n0`w-. :Tu - - I f wn @f Suuiet Reach. The bearing *111 be Choose' o'',;i; Intirfor: $55 *000. if - . . I - . . . - held at the Town HAI at 7:38 p.m. on blay It. ..1kolden Beach - 4 bedroom', 2'b. ths'. Priced 96 go. 1976. Cenles of the plan are available for Only 1112,5N. IR-A! r., lbspection In the Cle. A of E.'ourt's office In the ClAulhouse and at the Town Hall between the 0 ;;n Isle'Beach - I block from Inland waterway. 2 bDixrs of I n.m. and 12 weekdsys. Contments c bedrooms, ceramic bath, ' fireplace. Completely and re'cornmendations received will be furnished. Sell or lease with'optlon to purchase. 'considered for frC0fp0r2t1Q0 100 the plan 4 ..Ocean Isle Beach ; 4 bedrooms. .2 baths canal prior to Its adoption. bOuse. 849,500. Terms Avatlable. .Not1ce givep this date. 'April 21. 19#6. 9 Weekends Call 842-698 j4.1 W i r.. Jim Taylor Mon,day-Friday CallIS41-8131 sunset Beach plance% ption L L Wn rNi?N /Y PPA Yee 0, 0