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PASQUOTANK COUNTY LAND USE UPDATE JUNE, 1989 1990 PREPARED BY CDC FILE COPY THE PASQUOTANK COUNTY COMMISSIONERS AND THE PASQUOTANK COUNTY PLANNING BOARD Ratified by the North Carolina Coastal Resources commission on December 1, 1989 Technical Assistance provided by the Albemarle Commission Adopted by the Pasquotank County Board of Commissioners on HD October 16, 1989 211 N8 P37 1989 preparation of this report was financed in part through a grant provided by the North Carolina Coastal Management Program, through funds provided by the Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972, as amended, which is administered by the Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Pasquotank County Land Use Plan Update June, 19 8 9 Pasquotank County Board of Commissioners Jimmy Dixon, Chairman Tommy Harris W.C. Owens, Jr. Zee B. Lamb J. Timothy Thornton Patsy McGee W.C. Witherspoon. Pasquotank County Planning Board David Harris, Chariman Calvin Kirby, Vice Chairman James Fletcher Fred Riley Ruf us Jackson William Smart Paul Stallings Herbert T. Mullen, Jr., County Attorney Randy Keaton, County Manager The preparation of this report was financed in part through a grant provided by the North Carolina Coastal Management Program, through funds provided by the Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972, as amended, which is administered by the Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. It is the intent of the Pasquotank Board of Commissioners that this Land Use Plan, as adopted, be utilized as a planning tool and not as a zoning or regulatory document. It is not the intent of the Board of Commissioners that the Land Use Plan be utilized by any agency, federal or state, or by any court of law to restrict land use activities otherwise approved by appropriate officials of the county. Therefore, to the extent that there are legal requirements for utilization of this plan in any regulatory or land use process before any agency or commission, said agency or comrn@ssion is instructed, to the extent allowed by law, to interpret the provisions of this land use plan in the broadest possible way so as not to restrict or impede the utilization of real property where the utilization is in conformity with all applicabl@@ County ordinances. The delineation of districts and the specifications of ty es of uses within @ p districts are not to be inclusive, and the Board of Commissioners reserves the right to make chan-es, as determined by the Board of Commissioners, in such bounda"ries or uses as long as the overall intent of the plan as a development guideline for the entire community is not transcended. Such variation or change shall not be considered as an amendment of this plan, it being the intent of the Board of Commissioners that this flexibility be an integrel provision of this Land Use Plan. It is the intent of the Board of Commissioners in adopting this Land Use Plan to eliminate or restrict any innovative land use practices. Therefore, nothing within this plan should be interpreted to restrict special use planning, mixed-use planning or zoning, or mixed-use property in planned unit development or other such forms of development that are otherwise subject to specfic controls imposed by zoning, subdivision or other ordinances adopted from time to time by the Board of Commissioners. The provisions contained within this section shall supercede, in case of any conflict with any other provision of this land use plan, such other provisions. Prmmb[e TABLE Or CONTENTS ESTABLISHMENT OF INFORMATION BASE I PRESENT CONDITIONS SUMMARY ........................................................ I I POPULATION GROWTH ....................................................................... I I POPULATION DISTRIBUTION ...................................................... 13 Townships ........................................................................ 13 POPULATION COMPOSITION ....................................................... 14 RACIAL COMPOSITION ...................................................... 14 Age Groups ....................................................................... 15 Sex Distribution .................................................................. 21 ECONOMY ......................................................................................... 22 TOTAL COUNTY OUTPUT ........................................................... 22 Land and Capital ................................................................. 24 Labor .............................................................................. 26 Profits ............................................................................. 27 Output Summary ................................................................. 28 TOTAL COUNTY PERSONAL INCOME ............................................ 28 FARM INCOME .......................................................................... 30 EMPLOYMENT .................................................. 31 MAJOR MANUFACTURING EMPLOYERS IN PA TANK COUNTY ......................................................................... 32 EXISTING LAND USE .......................................................................... 33 DEVELOPMENT PATTERNS ......................................................... 33 DOMINANT LAND USES ............................................................. 33 LAND USE COMPATIBILITY PROBLEMS ........................................ 33 Agricultural Lands ............................................................... 34 Residential Development ........................................................ 34 Housing ........................................................................... 35 Areas Likely to Experience Growth ........................................... 35 Estimated Future Demand ...................................................... 36 PROBLEMS WITH UNPLANNED GROWTH .............................................. 36 EXISTING LAND USE MAP ................................................................... 37 CURRENT PLANS, POLICIES, AND REGULATIONS ................................... 38 REGULATIONS ................................................ -38 POLICIES .................................................................................. 39 PLANS ..................................................................................... 39 STUDIES .................................................................................. 40 CONSTRAINTS TO DEVELOPMENT: LAND SUITABILITY ............................ 41 Soils ........................................................................................ 41 Water Supply .............................................................................. 42 Areas of Environmental Concern (A.E.C) ........................................... 43 PUBLIC TRUST WATERS ................................................... 43 ESTUARINE WATERS ........................................................ 43 ESTUARINE SHORE .......................................................... 44 COASTAL WETLANDS ....................................................... 44 PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES .......................................................... 44 FRAGILE AREAS ....................................................................... 44 The Great Dismal Swamp ....................................................... 44 Man Made Hazards ....................................................................... 44 Historical, Cultural, & Archealogical Sites ............................................ 44 @Z' CONSTRAINTS TO DEVELOPEMENT: ...................................................... 45 CAPACITY OF PUBLIC FACILITIES ........................................................ 45 Water System .............................................................................. 45 Solid Waste ................................................................................ 46 Fire Protection ............................................................................. 46 TabLe of Contents t W TABLt OF CONTENTS Emergency Services ...................................................................... 47 Educational Facilities ............... Impact of Seasonal Population .......................................................... 48 Policy Issues: Resource Protection ............................................................. 49 Issue: Soil Limitations .................................................................. 49 Issue: Flood Plain Development ........................................................ 49 Issue: Septic Tank Limitations .......................................................... 50 Issue: Freshwater, Swamps, & Marshes .............................................. 51 Issue: Cultural and Historical Resources .............................................. 51 Issue: Manmade Hazards ................................................................ 52 Issue: Protection of Potable Water Supply ............................................ 52 Issue: Stormwater Runoff --Agricultural Development ............................ 53 Issue: Stormwater Runoff -- Residential Development ............................. 53 Issue: Industrial Impact on Fragile Areas ............................................. 54 Issue: Development of Sound and Estuarine System Islands ....................... 54 Policy Issues: Resource Production ............................................................. 56 Issue: Productive Agricultural Lands .................................................. 56 Issue: Commercial Forest Lands ....................................................... 56 Issue: Commercial and Recreational Fishing ......................................... 57 Issue: Existing and Potential Mineral Production .................................... 57 Issue: Off- Road Recreational Vehicles ................................................ 57 Issue: Residential and Commercial Development Impact on Any Resource ...... 58 Issue: Industrial Development Impact on Any Resource ............................ 58 Issue: Impact of Peat or Phosphate Mining on Any Resource ...................... 58 Policy Issues: Economic and Community Development ...................................... 59 Issue: Types and Location of Industries Desired ..................................... 59 Issue: Local Commitment to Provide Services to Development .................... 59 Issue: Types of Urban Growth Patterns Desired ..................................... 60 Issue: Redevelopment of Developed Areas ........................................... 61 Issue: Commitment to State and Federal Programs in the Area ..................... 62 Issue: Assistance to Channel Maintenance and Beach Nourishment ............... 62 Issue: Energy Facility Siting and Development ....................................... 63 Issue: Tourism, Waterfront, and Estuarine Access .................................. 63 Issue: Density and Location of Anticipated Residential Development ............. 64 PUBLIC PARTICIPATION ..................................................................... 65 STORM HAZARD MITIGATION, POST-DISASTER RECOVERY PLAN ............. 66 Storm Hazard Area ....................................................................... 67 Vulnerability ............................................................................... 67 Severity of Risk ........................................................................... 67 Ma-nitude of Risk ........................................................................ 67 RISK TABLE FOR HAZARD AREAS ....................................... 67 Estuarine Shoreline .............................................................. 68 Flood Hazard Area ............................................................... 68 Public Trust Waters .............................................................. 68 Rest of the Community .......................................................... 68 Evacuability ................................................................................ 68 Policy Statement .......................................................................... 69 Issue: Mitication of Storm Damaze ........................................... 69 Post Disaster Recovery Plan ............................................................. 70 PURPOSE: ....................................................................... 70 ORGANIZATION: .............................................................. 70 SUPPORT TEAM: .............................................................. 70 SUPPORT TEAM COMPOSITION AND RESPONSIBILITIES: ........ 70 Schedule of Activities .................................................................... 71 Tab(o of Contents Li TABLt OF CONTENTS IMMEDIATE ACTION: ........................................................ 71 Longterm Reconstruction Actions ............................................. 71 Damage Assessment ............................................................. 72 Damage Classification ........................................................... 72 Reconstruction Development Standards ....................................... 72 Development Moritoria .......................................................... 72 COMPOSITE STORM HAZARD MAP ........................................................ 73 LAND CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM AND LAND USE MAP: ............................ 74 PASQUOTANK COUNTY ...................................................................... 74 Land Classification System ....................................................... ....... 74 Land Classification Districts ............................................................. 74 Developed: ........................................................................ 75 Transitional: ....................................................................... 75 Community ....................................................................... 75 Rural Service: .................................................................... 76 Conservation: ..................................................................... 76 LAND CLASSIFICATION MAP ............................................................... 77 Relationship Between Local Policies and....... Inter- Governmental Coordination ....................................................... 78 Table of Contents iiL ESTABLISHMENT OF INFORMATION BASE This 1987 Pasquotank County Land Use Plan Update relies heavily on the previous land use planning documents prepared in cooperation with the N. C. Division of Coastal Management. The 1976 Pasquotank County Land Use Plan, the'initial Pasquotank County CAMA Land Use Document, provides a basis for measuring changes in most of the base studies. This plan provided a great amount of base study information concerning the population, economy, and physical land use constraints. The 1981 CAMA Land Devel- opment Plan Update for Pasquotank County presented the County's first attempt to ar- ticulate local policies concerning specific land use issues. This document proved valuable in helping to focus the lanning process toward policy development. C@ p Base information data was taken from a variety of State, Federal, and Local sources. Specific quantitative data concerning land use and development changes were obtained from records maintained by local county officials; particularly the records from the Pasquotank County Tax Supervisor's office and the office of the Pasquotank County Building Inspector. Interviews were conducted with the Pasquotank County Manager, the County Building Inspec- tor, the County Water System Supervisor, the Superintendent of Schools, and various public officials. The County Manager was particularly helpful in supplying information to fill the gaps in local records. Monthly meetings were held with the Pasquotank County Plannin,- Board. Meetings were adver- tised in the local newspaper in an effort to solicit citizen participation. The following section reports on the accomjphshments the county has made in pursuing its policies set forth in the 1981 Land use Update. In some cases, policies were not adopted for particular issues, yet the county took significant steps toward addressing some of these particular issues; the County's achievements in these areas are included in this report.. PREVIOUS POLICY ACHIEVEMENTS: PASQUOTANK COUNTY Issue: Soil Limitations Previous 1981 Policy: There are existing policies related to physical and man-made constraints to development. These are set forth in the County's subdivision regulations, Articles VII and VIII, and in the County's septic tank ordinance and flood plain ordinance. No other policies related to constraints to development are considered necessary at this time." Cama Land Development Plan Update for Pasquotank County, North Carolina, 1981, Ferren Planning Group, Greenville, NC. Current 1987 Policy: The county shall rely on existing regulatory instruments and processes to insure I proper considerations of soil limitations to the intended development. Achievements The County still relies on the District Health Department for approval of septic systems. The Health Department has been recommending a soil transplant type system for use on 1Prx-cznuntjm*-Lk. rnuyLtu fAmruf Pfimm UndAtc. I qR7 I provisional soils in the county. The District Health Department in cooperation with the NC Agriculture Extension Service and the Albemarle Commission will undertake a study on the effectiveness of this system and determine what improvements, if any, are needed to the system so that land owners can be assured of use of these provisional lands for residential purposes. Issue: Flood Plain Development Previous 1981 Policy: " There are existing policies related to physical and man-made constraints to development. These are set forth in the County's subdivision regulations, Articles VII and VHI, and in the County's septic tank ordinance and flood plain ordinance. ... No other policies related to constraints to development are considered necessary at this time." Cama Land Development Plan Uj2date for Pasquotank County, North Carolina, 1981 Ferren Planning Group, Greenville, NC Current 1987 Policy: The county will insure that development in flood hazard areas meet the requirement of its flood plain ordinance. Achievements The county has entered into the regular phase of the National Flood Insurance Program. Final maps of the flood hazard areas have been received, and the county has adopted an ordinance to regulate development in flood hazard areas as recommended by the Federal Emergency Management Agency. Issue: Septic Tank Limitations Previous 1981 Policy: " There are existing policies related to physical and man-made constraints to development. These are set forth in the County's subdivision regulations, Articles VII and VIII, and in the County's septic tank ordinance and flood plain ordinance. No other policies related to constraints to development are considered necessary at this time.", Cama Land Development Plan Update for Pasquotank County, North Carolina, 1981 Ferren Planning Group, Greenville, NC. Current 1987 Policy: The county shall continue to rely on the District Health Departments septic tank permitting process to insure proper development in respect to septic tank :M limitations. Achievements The County still relies on the District Health Department for approval of septic systems. The Health Department has been recommending a soil transplant type system for use on provisional soils in the county. The District Health Department in cooperation with the NC Agriculture Extension Service and the Albemarle Commission will undertake a study on the effectiveness of this system and determine what improvements are needed, if any, to the system so that land owners can be assured of use of these provisional lands for residential purposes. Va@nuntAmt&. rnuntij fxittd. U@za Vfnn Undata. I QR7 Vnna 9 Issue: Freshwater Swamps, & Marshes Previous 1981 Policy: " There are existing policies related to physical and man-made constraints to development. These are set forth in the County's subdivision regulations, Articles VII and VIII, and in the County's septic tank ordinance and flood plain ordinance. No other policies related to constraints to development are considered necessary at this time." Cama Land Development Plan Update for Pasquotank County, North Carolina, 1981, Ferren Planning Group, Greenville, NC. Current 1987 Policy: It shall be the policy of Pasquotank County to preserve the integrity of the swamp's ecological function. Achievements The fresh water swamps in the county are all located in a flood hazard area, develop- ment in these areas are regulated by the counties Flood Hazard Area Development Ordinance. Issue: Cultural and Historical Resources Previous 1981 Policy: None Current 1987 Policy: The county will encourage the preservation of significant historical andcultural ZP t@ artifacts. However, the county shall not pledge any general financial support to such projects, and does not wish to establish any local regulatory controls on these artifacts. Achievements The county is now having a survey taken to identify and catalog all historically signifi- Z:1 cant structures and sites in the county. Issue: Manmade Hazards Previous 1981 Policy: To ensure safe operations of aircraft around the Coast Guard Base, the County will consider the preparation of minimum height and hazard standards." Cama Land Development Plan Update for Pasquotank County, North Carolina, 1981 Ferren Planning Group, Greenville, NC. Current 1987 Policy: 'Me same as the previous land use policy. Achievements Current regulatory authority over the Coast Guard Air Base Clear Zones and Approach Zones is exercised by the City of Elizabeth City. City Zoning Regulations restricts Z, construction to one foot in height for each 50 foot distance from the end of the runway. I New FAA regulations require that a Clear Zone to extend 3,000 feet from the end of the C@ runway with no permanent habitable structures allowed.Beyond the Clear Zone is the Approach Zone that has a density restriction of no more than 25 persons per acre. The 1PMqr3iLntxi*i1. Pountu frxvLrf I.Lqc,. T-)fA-ivL Uncfxita i QR7 Prina. .1; County is working with the Coast Guard to facilitate their acquisition of easements or 0 lands within the identified Clear Zone. Density control in the Approach Zones is still the urisdiction of City of Elizabeth City through Local Legislation promulgated in 1969 i C@ 0 Issue: Protection of Potable Water Supply Previous 1981 Policy: None. Current 1987 Policy: It is be the policy of Pasquotank County to protect the County's fresh water supply by strictly enforcing the lot size requirements of the State Department of Health on all developments in the county. Achievements The District Health Department which approves the placement and construction of sep- tic systems in Pasquotank County is about to undertake a study in cooperation with the NC @tate Agricultural Extension Service and the Albemarle Commission that will test the effectiveness of the systems now being installed and their affect on groundwater supplies. Issue: Stormwater Runoff -- Agricultural Development Previous 1981 Policy: None. Current 1987 Policy: It has always been the Policy of the Pasquotank County Board of Commissioners to encourage use of the best management practices Z:. recommendations of the U.S. Soil Conservation Service. Achievements In the 1987 program year Pasquotank County farmers received and allocation of $81,951 through the North Carolina Department of Agriculture's Cost Share Program for Non-Point Source Pollution Control. Issue: Stormwater Runoff -- Residential Development Previous 1981 Policy: None. Current 1987 Policy: Pasquotank County shall continue its policy of requiring all proposed subdivision plats to be first inspected by the District Health Department for recommendation of drainage improvements and of permitting only those subdivisions where needed improvements receive Health Department approval. The County is amending their subdivision regulations to require developers to submit comments and recommendations from the Land Quality Section, Division of Land Resources as to sedimentation and erosion control requirements and from the Department of Environmental Management as to the applicability of state storm water draina-e controls. Achievements The county's revised subdivision regulations require the receipt of comments from the Land Quality Section, Division of Land Resources and from the Department of Envi 1Pr1.Qn11.ntnV1k rnoint.1i f Sind. 11.qV, T-)flxn UnrInta 1 AA7 P ruw. 4 ronmental Management as to the applicability of state regulations and as to the sug- Z: gested and required improvements needed for regulatory compliance. Issue: Industrial Impact on Fra2ile Areas Previous 1981 Policy: None. Current 1987 Policy: The county shall continue to support industrial development and shall proceed to make the needed improvements to properties it now owns to attract new industries. All identified fragile areas along with all known AEC's are classified as Conservation and thus are restricted from most industrial uses. Achievements The County has purchased a second industrial development site north of Elizabeth City on US 17 to accommodate new industrial growth. This site is free of any fragile areas or Areas of Environmental Concern. Issue: Development -of Sound and Estuarine System Islands Previous Policy: None. Current 1987 Policy: None. Achievements None Issue: Productive Agricultural Lands Previous 1981 Policy: "It shall be the policy of Pasquotank County to include provisions in any future land use regulations for the protection of the County's 'active' agricultural land from indiscriminate development." Cama Land Development Plan Update for Pasayotank County, North Carolina, 1981, Ferren Plannin,- Group, Greenville, NC. Current 1987 Policy: The county recognizes the danger of losing its best agricultural land to development. However, the county also recognizes the right of an individual to dispose of and to use his property as he desires. The county is unwilling at this time to place any use controls on land. Achievements The County is reconsidering the prospect of imposing Zoning controls on at least a portion of the county. It is anticipated that agricultural zones will an important devel- opment control tool. 1Pr.L-Qjr3i.Lntcxvtfa, rr)u*,Lttj fAmvuf 11@a Pfimn llnriixtv. I QR7 'Pana S Issue: Commercial Forest Lands Previous 1981 Policy: None. Current 1987 Policy: Pasquotank Countywill encourage reforestation ofclearcut timberlandsasa soundforest management practice. The County will continue to promote Best Management Practices for forestry operations within the county. Achievements None Issue: Commercial and Recreational Fishing Previous 1981 Policy: None. Current 1987 Policy: None. Achievements None Issue: Existing and Potent ial Mineral Production Previous Policy: None. Current 1987 Policy: These peat deposits are located in the Dismal Swamp and therefore under federal control. This is not an issue at this time. Achievements None Issue: Off- Road Recreational Vehicles Previous 1981 Policy: None. Current 1987 Policy: None. Achievements None Issue: Residential and Commercial Development Impact on Any Resource Previous 1981 Policy: None. Pasquotank County Land Use Plan Update 1987 Page 6 W Current 1987 Policy: The county will rely on its existing regulatory tools and the pen-nitting activities of the various local state and federal agencies to prevent any ham-iful damage to its resources. The County will consider the development of a county zoning ordinance to regulate the impacts of commercial development on county resources during the upcoming planning period. Achievements None Issue: Industrial Development Impact on Any Resource Previous 1981 Policy: None. Current 1987 Policy: None Achievements None Issue: Impact of Peat or Phosphate Mining on Any Resource Previous 1981 Policy: None. Current 1987 Policy: None. Achievements None Issue: Tyl2es and Location of Industries Desired Previous Policy: The County recognizes that due to the availability of water and sewer utilities in and near Elizabeth City, the County supports efforts to locate new industries in those areas where facilities are available. The County also supports industrial development in other areas of the County where water service and transportation access are available, and where limited sewage disposal is required." CAMA Land Development Plan Update for Pasquotank County, North Carolina , 1981 Ferren Planning Group, Greenville, NC Current 1987 Policy: The County shall actively pursue the location and creation of new industries into Pasquotank County so long as such industries do not degrade the quality of life. The County has purchased two sites suitable for the location of new industries. Achievements The County has purchased a second tract of property to be developed as an indusrtial park. 1Pm-Qi3untavtfz. rountu Nituf 11w. Pfan Unriaw. I QR7 Pane 7 Issue: Local Commitment to Provide Services to Development Previous Policy: "At the present time decisions as to whether or not service [water service] can be tv provided to new developments will have to be made on a case by case basis. .. CAMA Land Develo -i2ment Plan Update -for Pasguotank County, NC 1981 Ferren Group, Greenville, NC. Y The Current 1987 Policy: Pasquotank County is committed to the policy of providing the highest quality and the greatest quantity of public services that its revenues will allow. Achievements 'Me County has initiated two major improvement projects that will take approximately 5 years to complete: a water system improvement program that will double the capacity of the present system and will require an investment of more than a million dollars and a long-range education facility renovations and constructions program costing more than $1.3,000,000. Issue: Types of Urban Growth Patterns Desired Previous Policy: "The County will consider the preparations of a zoning ordinance which would reflect the recommendations of this CAMA Plan Update, and which would specify the types, locations, and densities of desired future growth." Cama Land Development Plan Update for Pasquotank County NC, 1981, The Ferren Group, Greenville, NC. Current 1987 Policy: Pasquotank County, following the policy recommendations of the 1981 CAMA Plan Update, initiated a planning study to develop a zoning ordinance for the County. Due to a ground swell of citizen protest against land use zoning the county decided not to pursue this legislation. The County, in light of recent developments, is again considering the adoption of a County Zoning Ordinance for at least centain areas of the county and is in the process of securing a consultant to assist in the preparation of an ordinance. Thus the County's current policy is the same as the policy stated in the 1981 Land Use Update. Achievements The county has developed a multi-fan-lily development ordinance, a mobile home park ordinance, and has revised and updated their subdivision reg.-Pulations; the county is now in the process of securing consultant services for developing a zoning ordinance. Issue: Redevelopment of Developed Areas Previous Policy: "... the County considers it unnecessary to take a policy initiation on this issue. " Cama Land Development Plan Update for-Pasquotank County NC, 1981.-The Ferren Group, Greenville, NC. Current 1987 Policy: The County shall pursue financial assistance from state and federal agencies for the purpose of implementing its redevelopment plan for low income I neighborhoods adjacent to the city limits of Elizabeth City. Two phases of this I I Pa-,nuouinh. Pountu fimvLd, 11-,g. Wi-irL Unriato. I CIR7 'PCIM7, R plan have been initiated. One is complete; the second is nearing completion. The County plans to request funds from the NC Division of Community Assistance for the Third Phase of this Program. Achievements The county has completed the redevelopment of one neighborhood near Elizabeth City. Now streets and drainage were installed along with water and sewer lines. All struc- tures were repaired to an acceptable standard. The County is now preparing a plan to redevelop another county neighborhood. Issue: Commitment to State and Federal Programs in the Area Previous Policy: "It shall be the policy of the County to cooperate with state and federal agencies in the evaluation of proposed projects by such agencies which will impact the County and to advise said agencies of the County's position on these projects through the A-95 review process and/or the County Manager." Cama Land Develogment Plan Update for Pasayotank County NC, 1981,The Ferren Group, Greenville, NC. Current 1987 Policy: The County shall continue to participate in all state and federal programs which in the County's opinion will be of benefit to its residents. Achievements The County relies heavily on state and federal programs. The state departments of Human Resources, Natural Resources and Community Development have several divi- sions whose consultation is essential to the County's land development process. The State Department of Agriculture and its Agricultural Extension Service are heavily used for erosion and non-source pollution control, well as research efforts into ground water contaniination prevention and into efforts to promote the use of Best Management Practices. Issue: Assistance to Channel Maintenance and Beach Nourishment Previous 1981 Policy: " It shall be the policy of the county to support beach nourishment and channel maintenance projects by state and federal agencies." Cama Land Development Plan Update for Pasquotank County NC, 1981,The Ferren Group, Greenville, NC. Current 1987 Policy: It shall be the county's policy to lobby vigorously to keep the Dismal Swamp Canal open and functioning. Achievements The County along with other interested groups was able to convince the Corp of Engi- Zn neers to continue the operation of the Dismal Swamp Canal and to make needed im- provements to the locks and to clear navigational obstructions from the canal. 1Pm-znijA-Arivifa. rni.Lntu fxiruf. U.-za Wimn Undsita, I OR7 PrInV. A Issue: Energy Facility Siting and Develogment Previous 1981 Policy: "This is not an issue." Cama Land Development Plan Update for Pasauotank County NC, 198LThe Ferren Group, Greenville, NC. Current 1987 Policy: None. Achievements None Issue: Tourism, Waterfront, and Estuarine Access Previous 1981 Policy: None Current 1987 Policy: The County will seek to acquire the right of way, title, or easement of property that will provide public access to beach and waterfront areas. Achievements The county is participating in the continued funding of operations and staffing of a Welcome Center located along US 17 south of the Virginia state line in Camden County, just north of Pasquotank County Issue: Densitv and Location of Anticipated Residential Development Previous 1981 Policy: "The county will consider the preparation of a zoning ordinance which win consider the most appropriate locations and densities of waterfront subdivisions and other developments." Cama Land Development Plan Ue or Pasquotank County NC, 198I.The Ferren Group, Greenville, NC. pdat___L_ Current 1987 Policy: Same as the 1981 Policy Achievements The county initiated a study to prepare a zoning ordinance immediately after the preparation of the 1981 Land-Use Update, but overwhelming citizen resistance convinced the Commissioners that the time had not yet come for zoning. Recent events concerning development in the county has made the county consider once again the preparation of a zoning ordinance. Prxqm.Lnt-xx*,Lk. rm.Lntu f xinrf llca Pfmvt UnrIxita I QR7 'Prma i A W PRESENT CONDITIONS SUMMARY Population and economic growth have been stable and steady if somewhat slow in Pasquotank County. The population growth rate since the end of the 1950's has averaaed between 4% and 5% annually. The most significant factor in the population is its gradual aging. In 1970 the number of persons over 65 years of age accounted for less than 10% of the county population; in 1980 this percentage had grown to more than 11.5% and is projected to reach 15% by the year 2000. The dependency ratio, the ratio between those population segments that are either considered pre-school, school-age and elderly and the remaining part of the population, will remain essentially the same during the plannin- period. The demands on the local community will be altered, however, since the composition of the dependency group will shift from being composed primarily of preschool and school age to made up of primarily elderly persons. The total economic output of the county has demonstrated a slow steady growth similar to that of the population. When measured in constant 1967 dollars the county's economic output has gown at an annual rate of 3.11 % since 1967. This is slightly less the growth rate of the GNP of the nation during much of this time period, but closely approximates the national economic growth rate since 1980. Generally speaking land use in the county has not changed significantly since 1981. The county's principal land-use continues to be agricultural, forestry, and single-family residential uses; however, . As was the case during the previous planning period, platting activity has been much more active than actual building activity. The best housing data available is a comparison between 1970 and 1980 census counts. The number of housing units during that 10-year period increased by 1,823 units, with mobile homes accounting for 535 units or 25% of all new units. Recent reductions in the home mortgage interest rates along with the completion of the new county water system has stimulated new housing construction in the county. If interest rates remain at the current level land development and housing construction will play a substantially greater role in the county's economy during the next five years. POPULATION GROWTH Except for two separate decades, population growth in Pasquotank County, since the turn of the century has remained steady, but very slow. As the graph below indicates, the two decades from 1910 to 1920 and from 1940 to 1950 are obvious exceptional growth periods. Growth during these two ten-year periods was 22.2% and 18.4%, respectively. It is not known what historical forces or events led to the steep growth during the 1910 decade. The 1940 decade, of course, was the decade of World War U, during which many persons and families relocated to areas containing military training or production facilities; this was also a period of extreme fertility and the beginning of the "baby boom." The two obvious peaks in the graph below are separated by equally obvious periods of almost flat growth rates. It is interesting to note that the earlier period of flat growth is at a consistently higher level than growth since 1960. Growth during the earlier 1920 to 1950 period averaged 7.4% per decade, while growth since 1960 has averaged only 5.4% per decade. Projected growth rates pre- pared by the NC Office of Budget and Management indicate a still lower rate of growth in the county for the future, with growth rates for the period from 1980 to 2000 projected at only 4.5% per decade. PrIqr3li@ntimt1k rr)-vit'i rxituf U,:@a Pfxivt Unrfxxtr. I qR7 Prma I I POPULATION GROWTH AND GROWTH RATE POPULATION GROWTH 1900 2000 PASQUOTANK COUNTY 32000 1985 Population 0.25 29,356 28000 M - 0. % -0.2 P 24000 . ..... ....... E C R 0 15 H S 16000 20000 A 0.1 N 0 ......... 12000 00 N ..... G S 8000 ......... ....... . . ....... E ..... 0.05 4000 M. .. 0 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 195 0 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 El TOTAL pop. -0. % CHANGE S ource NC Department of Management and Budget Population Projections for Counties 1980-2010 The table below presents the actual population counts for the designated census periods and the projections prepared by the NC Office of Budget and Management. It has taken eighty years for the population in Pasquotank County to just more than slightly double in number. The county popula- tion in 1900 was 13,660 persons; in 1980 the county's population reached 28,462, or 108% of the turn-of-the-century population. This is the equivalent of investing $13,660 at 0.92% for eighty years compounded annually. POPULATION GROWTH PASQUOTANK COUNTY 1900 - 1980 1900 1910 1920 193011940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 TOTAL 13,660 16@693 17,670 19,143 20,568 24,547 25,630 26,824 28,462 29,893 30,998 % CHANGE n a 22.20 5.85 8.34 7.44 19.35 4.41 4.66 6.11 5.03 3.70 Source NC Department of Management and Budget Population Projections for Counties 1980-2010 T-)r1.ca1LntixttL, lPrinc,, 1*2. POPULATION DISTRIBUTION PASQUOTANK COUNTY: TOWNSHIPS Newland Providence Pasquotank County Township Population 1950-1980 lizabeth City 1950 1960 1970 1980 NEWLAND 1621 1716 1923 2059 Mt. Herman Nixonton PROVIDENCE 1235 1960 2819 3910 MOUNT HERMAN 1434 1594 2352 3403 ELIZABETH CITY 15836 15870 15507 14297 Salem NIXONTON 2641 3063 3135 3591 1580 1427 1088 1202 Source: US Bureau of Census 1950, 1960, 1970, 1980 Townships The Pasquotank County population has always been heavily concentrated in the Elizabeth City township. However, since 1960, this concentration has diminished. In 1950, the Elizabeth City township accounted for 65% of the county's total population ; by 1980 this concentration had dropped to just slightly more than 50%. Historically, the Elizabeth City township and the Nixonton township were the county's most populous townships. Since 1970, however, the town- ships of Providence and Mount Herman have shown the greatest amount of population growth. Providence township now outranks Nixonton in total population, but it is still a distant second to Elizabeth City. Population growth in Providence and Mount Herman townships has been encouraged by the improved mobility of the general population and the improved transportation linkage of highway US 17. The recent four-laning of this major transportation corridor has caused an increased number of commercial and industrial establishments in these townships. Nixonton, while losing to Providence its position as the second most populous township in the county, has demonstrated steady, respectable growth . In the 1970 to 1980 period Nixonton grew by 456 persons for a 15% growth rate. A great deal of this growth is due to new waterfront subdivision development and housing construction along the Pasquotank and Little Rivers. ASQUOTANK COUNTY TOWNSHIP GROWTH 1950 TO 19801 16000 ELIZABETH CITY 12000 E MOUNT R HERMAN S 8000 E NEWLAND 0 N ... 4000 E3 PROVIDENCE S F M N I X ONT ON SALEM 1950 1960 1970 19 E C M H L IT 0 Z Y U A T Providence Her_._ NiXonton S. le, ER M 4 L NEVAND VDEN CE M N ONTO SAL_ 80 E,I US CENSUS BUREAU POPULATION COMPOSITION As is shown in the sections that follow, there are some significant and noticeable trends developing in the composition of Pasquotank County's population. The number of residents who are 60 years of age or greater continues to increase and to account for a greater share of the population. The number of school age residents has decreased, particularly in the 5-year-old to 9-year-old age group, and is projected to continue this trend into the near future. The number of females partici- pating in the labor force is increasing, thus following the national trend of greater female participa- tion. The sections that follow present information on the following, specific components of the I county's population: racial composition, age group distributions, labor force composition, and sex distribution. RACIAL COMPOSITION RACIAL COMPOSITION UOTANK COUNTY 1970 2000 35,00 30,000- 25,000 20,000 ED WHITE ........... NON-WHITE .. .... .... . .... . .......... 15 9000 VHITE 4- TOTAL ......... 10,000 ..... ..... 5, 0 0 0 NON-WHITE 1970 1980 1985 1990 2000 Source NC Department of for Coun es 980-2010 The non-white population in Pasquotank County increased in population from 1970 to 1980 but remained rather static in its proportion of the county's total population. In 1970, non-white resi- dents accounted for 38.01 % of the county population and numbered 10,197 persons; by 1980, the number of non-white residents had declined by 418 persons and made up 37.3% of the county population. Projections provided by the N.C. Department of Budget and Management indicate that this trend will continue at least through the five-year period covered by this document. Projections for the year 2000 estimate that 11,644 non-whites will reside in Pasquotank County and will account for 3 7.0% of the county population. RACIAL COMPOSITION OF THE POPULATION PASQUOTANK COUNTY 1970 TO 2000 1970 % 1980 % 1985 % 1990 % 2000 % WHITE 16,627 61.99 17,847 62.70 18,287 62.29 18,515 61.94 19,354 62.44 NON-WHITE 10,197 38.01 10.615 37.30 11,069 37.71 11,378 38.06 11,644 37.56 NO TE TOTAL 26,824 100.00 28,462 100.00 29,356 100.00 29,893 100.00 30,998 100.00 Source NC Department of Nianagement and Budget Population Projections for Counties 1980-2010 Age Groups The following sections discuss those ag, segments of the population that generally require special or more frequent types of services both from the private and from the governmental sectors and that in their own way create certain types of development and service demands. These age groups are as follows: The School-Age Group ( 5-19 years old) This group naturally creates the demand for educational and recreadonal facilities and services. The Family-Forming Group ( 15-35 years old) This group is generally responsible for new household formations and new offspring, thus creating demands for new housing facilities and C forming the base for future internal population growth. The Potential Labor Force ( 16 years and older) This group is usually responsible for all the goods and services produced in an area; however, not everyone in this group participates in the work force. The Elderly ( 65 years and older) This group spans the greatest number of years and could be segmented further into additional age groups ranging from aged to infirm, with I= tp each having, very specialized and critical needs. The Dependency Sector ( under 16 and over 65) This group only generally measures those persons who are considered dependent on someone else for the major portion of their personal needs and economic support. There are, of course, persons under 16 years of age and over 65 who are self- sufficient; however, they generally are not numerous. There are also many persons not in these a-e groups that are, in some ways at least, dependent on outside support. Vrx@,nuntxirtfa. rmxntu frind. I.Lqc,. Wr.Ln Uncfxxtv. I CIR7 PrIna I S School Age SCHOOL AGE COHORTS PASQUOTANK COUNTY 1970 2000 3,500 NC OFFICE OF BUDGET & MANAGEMENT 3,000 2,500. 5-9YRS 2,000 10-14YRS 15-19YRS 1,50 1,000 50 0 ------------- 1970 1980 1985 1990 2000 Source NC Department of Management and Budget Population Projections for Counties 1980-2010 Projections indicate a decline in the school-age population cohorts (5 to 19 years old) during the planning period. The persons in this cohort numbered 8,386 in 1970; by 1980, the number of school-aged children had declined by more than 1,000 children to 7,375 persons and is estimated to decline by more than another 1,000 children to 6,283 by the year 2000. The table below shows the number of persons within the age group and the group's percentage share of the total popula- tion. As can be seen in the table, the school-age cohort accounts for an increasingly smaller share of the county's population. SCHOOL AGE COHORT IN THE POPULATION PASQUOTANK COUNTY 1970 TO 2000 1970 % 1980 % 1985 % 1990 % 2000 % 5-9YRS 2,683 31.99 2,057 27.89 2,054 30.33 1,829 27.72 1,768 28.14 10-14YRS 2,882 34.37 2,222 30.13 2,026 29.92 2,111 31.99 2,115 33.66 15-19YRS 2,821 33.64 3,096 41.98 2,692 39.75 2,658 40.28 2,400 38.20 TOTAL 8,386 100.00 7,375 100.00 6,772 100.00 6,598 100.00 6,283 100.00 Source NC Department of Management and Budget Population Projections for Counties 1980-2010 Pasquotank County Land Use Plan Update 1987 Family Forming FAMILY FORMING COHORTS PASQUOTANK COUNTY, 1970-20'00 35,000- 30,000 30,998 25,000. 26,824 20,000- 15,000- 8,248 10,499 9,202 10,000 . . ... . ...... 5,000 .......... 0 . ........ 1970 1980 1985 1990 2000 18 15-24yrs M 25-34yrs 13 FAMILY FORMING TOTAL POPULATION Source NC Department of Management and Budget Population Projections for Counties 1980-2010 The family-forming cohort showed positive and substantial growth during the 1970 to 1980 decade. Present population estimates and projections for the future indicate a decline in this cohort after 1980. This decline, together with the modem trend among young adults of postponing mar- riage longer than previous generations had done and the trend toward smaller households, dimin- ishes the likelihood that this cohort will generate any substantial growth rate during the planning pe- riod. FAMILY FORMING COHORTS IN THE POPULATION PASQUOTANK COUNTY 1970 TO 2000 1970 % 1980 % 1985 % 1990 % 2000 % 15-19yrs. 2,821 10.52 3 096 10.88 2,692 9.17 2,658 8.89 2,4 70 7.74 20-24yrs. 2,551 9.51 3,186 11.19 3,242 11.04 2,908 9.73 2,786 8.99 25-29yrs. 1,591 5.93 2,320 8.15 2,365 8.06 2,208 7.39 1,985 6.40 30-34yrs 1,285 4.79 1,820 6.39 2,200 7.49 2,272 7.60 2,031 6.55 FAMILY 1 8,248 1 30.75 1 10,422 1 36.62 1 10,499 1 35.76 110,0461 33.61 1 9 202 29 69 1 TOTAL POP. 126,8241 100.001 2 8.4 6 2 110 0.0 01 29,356 1100.00129,8931100.001 3,9 Source NC Department of Management and Budget Population Projections for Counties 1980-2010 Pasquotank County Land Use Plan Update 1987 Page 17 Potential Labor Force POTENTIAL LABOR FORCE PASQUOTANK COUNTY 1970 - 2000 NC OFFICE OF BUDGET & MANAGEMENT 20,000 40,000 T 0 - ---------- 16,00 30, 00 T A 12,000 L 20,000 S K ,000 mix., .... 10,00 NX 4 900 0 . .......... . . . ........... . ......... . .. . ........ . .......... ....... ........ 0 0 0 1970 1980 1985 1990 2000 16 -64YRS 65,YRS 13, POTENTIAL TOTAL LABOR FORCE POPULATION Source NC Department of Management and Budget Population Projections for Counties 1980-2010 The potential labor force generally includes all persons over 16 years of age. Of course, not all of these persons actually participate in the work force. Many are enrolled in school; many are over 65 years of age and are retired; many are physically unable due to handicaps or poor health; and many, particularly in agricultural areas such as Pasquotank County, are females who work on the farm or in the home but are not counted as participating in the labor force. The potential labor force in Pasquotank County grew at a much faster rate during the past census decade than did the population as a whole; the population increased by only 6. 1 % while the poten- tial labor force increased by more than 17%. The 16 years or older group accounted for 68.8% of the 1970 population of Pasquotank County and numbered 18,473 persons. By 1980, this group accounted for 76.0% of the county's population and numbered 21,462 persons. By the year 2000, the potential labor force is projected to increase to 22,337 persons, but to account only for 72% of the population. POTENTIAL LABOR FORCE PASQUOTANK COUNTY 1970 TO 2000 1970 % 1980 % 1985 % 1990 % 2000 % 16 -64YRS 15,8S1 59.20 18,341 64.44 19,16 5 65.28 14,957 50.04 17,624 56.86 65+YRS 2,592 9.66 3,287 11.55 3,764 12.82 4,212 14.09 4,713 15.20 POT.LABOR 18,4 7 3 6 8.8 7 21,628 75.99 22.929 78.11 19,169 64.13 22,337 72.06 TOTAL POP. 2 6,8 2 4 10 0.0 0 28,462 10 0.0 0 2 9,3 5 6 10 0.0 0 2 9,8 9 3 10 0.00 30,998 100.00 Source NC Department of Management and Budget Population Projections for Counties 1980-2010 Labor Participation Labor force participation grew faster than the potential labor force. Between 1970 and 1980, the number of persons actually working or seeking employment and living in Pasquotank County in- Z. 1-1 U creased by 64 persons or approximately 21.2%. Labor participation among male residents in- creased from 6,512 persons in 1970 to 7,353 in 1980; the participation rate among males, however, I I Pasquotank County Land Use Plan Update 1987 Page 18 decreased from more than 75% of all mates in the potential labor force in 1970 to just slightly more than 72% in 1980. Labor participation among females, on the other hand, increased by 1,353 per- sons from 1970 to 1980. The labor participation rate increased from 39.29% in 1970 to 45.47% in 1980. Females workers accounted for 41 % of the total county labor force in 1980; this is a substantial in- crease from their 37% share in 1970. The number of males in the labor force increased from 1,967 persons in 1970 to 2,334 in 1980, an increase of 367 people or 18.6%. The increase in female participation in the Pasquotank county labor force is typical of the national trend toward a greater number of women and a greater proportion of women working, outside of the home. LABOR PARTICIPATION PASQUOTANK COUNTY 1970 TO 2000 1970 1980 PERSONS 16 YEARS AND TOTAL MALE FEMALE TOTAL MALE IFEMALE OLDER IN THE COUNTY 18,473 8.6 5 6 9,817 21,628 10,171 11,457 PERSONS 16 YEARS AND OLDER IN LABOR FORCE 10,3 69 6.512 3,857 11,563 7,353 5,210 ILABOR PARTICIPATION 156.13 %175.23 72.29 %, 45.47 % Source: US Bureau of Census 1970, 1980 Elderlv ELDERLY PERSONS: PASQUOTANK COUNTY-1970 2000 NC OFFICE OF BUDGET AND MANAGEMENT A 4,000- 35,000 3,500- ------------- 30,000 9 e 3, 0 0 0 25,000 2,500 G 2,000 20,000 r 15,000 011 0 1,500 10,000 00 1,000 P 50 0, S 0 0 1970 1980 1985 1990 2000 EN 65-74 YRS 75+YRS TOTAL TOTAL ELDERLY POPULATION Sourco NC Department of Management and Budget Population Projections for Counties 1980,2010 T'he elderly age group is the fastest growing segment of the Pasquotank County population. In 1970, this group accounted for only 9.66% of the county's population. By 1980, this group com- 2 prised 11.55% of the county population and is projected to increase to 15.2% of the population by the year 2000, with the greatest growth occurring in the over-75-years-old segment. Pasquotank County Land Use Plan Update 1987 Page 19 The over-75-years-of-age cohort is expected to be almost as great as the 65-to-74-year-old cohort by the year 2000. ELDERLY COHORT IN THE POPULATION PASQUOTANK COUNTY 1970 TO 2000 1970 % 1980 % 1985 % 1990 % 1 2000 % 65-74 YRS 1,654 6.17 2,194 7.71 3,657 12.46 2,502 8.37 2,444 7.88 75+YRS 938 3.50 1,093 3.84 1,542 5.25 1,710 5.72 2,269 7.32 TOT. ELDERLY 2,592 9.66 3,287 11.55 5,199 17.71 4,212 14.09 4,713 15.2 TOT. POP. 26,824 100.00 28.462 100.00, 29,356 100.00 29,893 100.00 30,998 .100.0 Source NC Department of Management and Budget Population Projections for Counties 1980-2010 Dependency Sector DEPENDENCY COHORTS PASQUOTANK COUNTY 1970 2000 NC OFFICE OF BUDGET & MANAGEMENT 6,000 35,000 ...... - ------- -------- A 5,000 30,000 T 9 0 25,000 . ..... ... .. . .......... e 4,000 20,000 a G 3,000 15,000 r S 2,000 0 10,000 00 . ... ...... 1,000 5,00 0 P ..... ..... S 0 1 . ...... 0 1970 1980 1985 1990 2000 0-15 YRS 65+YRS 13 TOTAL 0" TOTAL DEPENDENTS POPULATION Source NC Department of Management and Budget Population Projections for Counties 1980-2010 The dependency group is the population sector that typically derives a major portion of its economic support from sources other than direct participation in the labor force. For the most part,this group includes dependent children under 16 years of age and persons over 65 years who are retired and draw a major portion of their income from governmental transfer payments, such as Social Security, and from pension programs. The dependency ratio is the ratio of persons in these age ranges to those who are not. Theoretically, the higher the dependency ratio the more self-sufficient is the area. This measure- ment provides a general indication of the number of additional persons that must be supported by the overall economy. This measurement, however, usually undercounts the number of persons who may be in need of financial assistance or social services since it is based strictly on ages of in- dividuals and not on specific economic or social conditions. As the table below indicates, the number of persons in the dependent age category has not exhibited Pasquotank County Land Use Plan Update 1987 Page 20 any particular trend since 1970; it is presently at its greatest number. The 1990 projections indicate a decrease of approximately 3.5% in this segment, while the year 2000 shows a slight increase of less than 1 %. One particularly important phenomenon is the increasing proportion of the elderly persons in this component. By 1985, the elderly accounted for more than half of the persons in this population component; by 2000 the elderly will account for 55% of this component The dependency ratio indicates that the ratio of non-dependents out numbers dependents at a ratio of greater than 3 to 1 for all years shown DEPENDENCY COHORTS IN THE POPULATION PASQUOTANK COUNTY 1970 TO 2000 1970 r % 1980 % 1985 % 1990 % 2000 % 0-15 YRS 5,565 20.75 4,279 15.03 4,080 13.90 3,940 13.18 3,883 12.53 65+YRS 2,592 9.66 3,287 11.55 5,199 17.71 4,212 14.09 4,713 15.20 TOT. DEPEND. 8,157 30.41 7,566 26.58 9,279 31.61 8,1S2 27.27 8,596 27.73 TOTAL POP. 26,824 100.00 28,462 100.00 29,356 -100.00 29,893 100.00,30,9T8 100.00 DEPENDENCY RATIO: F1 7_378 7 Source NC Department of Management and Budget Population Projections for Counties 1980-2010 Sex Distribution The ratio of men to women in Pasquotank County is approximately one male to 1.004 females, a percentage population split of 49.9% males and 50. 1 % females. Population projections from the N.C. department of Budget and Management indicate a slightly less even distribution by 1990,with males accounting for 50.63% of the population and females for 49.37%. 1PmQrjiintjmnjk. rx)iitLtsi Lrind. l1w. TTan Undaro. I CIR7 lPrinv. W ECQN@!_MY The followin- section analyzes the Pasquotank County economy in terms o f total county output, total personal income, employment, and entrepreneurship. TOTAL PERSONAL INCOME Total Personal Income measures all of the income received by residents of Pasquotank County. This measurement includes earnings received by county residents working outside the county and adjustments to earnings of persons working in Pasquotank County but residing outside of the county. Government transfer payments received by residents of the county are counted in the in- come total, but social security contributions are not. TOTAL COUNTY OUTPUT Total county output is the measurement, in dollars, of the total earnings produced in Pasquotank County and does not include earnings of county residents working outside of the county or pay- ments received by county residents through government transfer payments such as Social Security. The output measurement, however, does include social insurance contributions made by persons working in Pasquotank County and interest, rent, and dividends received by county residents. EMPLOYMENT: Employment measurements include labor force growth, participation and composition, employment distribution by industry and job classification, the commuting work force, and job growth within the county. ENTREPRENEURSHIP: Entrepreneurship is simply the measure of growth in local business activity. This includes the growth in sales in the county, the increase or decrease in business establishments, and new job cre- ation and payroll growth in the local business sector. TOTAL COUNTY OUTPUT Output of a given area is the sum of all dollars paid to the four factors of production: labor, land, capitol, and profits. Labor + land + capitol + profits = total county output Labor, land, and capital are consumption factors; and profits are the residual or value added through local entrepreneurial activities. The following sections discuss these four factors and pre- sent historic data concerning their growth and the shift in the proportion each contributes to the county's overall production. The data used in these sections were compiled by the Bureau of Economic Analysis, U.S. Department of Commerce, and are available on an annual basis from 1965 to 1984 and at three-year intervals prior to 1965. For the purposes of this study, data for the years 1959, 1967, 1970, 1975, 1980, 1984 will be used. These years roughly approximate five-year intervals for trend identifica- tion and include Census years for cross references (1970 &1980), the latest year for available in- formation (1984), and the earliest year for which Consumer Price Index information is available (1967). Prx@auntjmr&. rr)u*,Ltu fAatuf. 11qa PCan Uncfxxtv. I q87 PrIng, 72. TOTAL COUNTY OUTPUT PASQUOTANK COUNTY 1967-1984 US Bureau of Economic Analysis $280,000 $240,000 Dollars Constant D-11 Current ($11000) ($11000) $160,000 0 $120,000 0 0 $80,000 $40,000 $ 0 4 1967 70 7 5 8 0 84 1967 7 0 75 80 8 4 LEI s. s. I. PROFITS WAGES CAPITAL Source: Unpublished Local Area Personal Income Series; Regional Economic Information System; Bureau of Economic Analysis, US Department of Commerce; April 1987; Distributed by NC Data Center This analysis looks at output data from two perspectives: Total County Output as expressed in cur- rent dollars and Total County Output expressed in constant 1967 dollars. Constant dollar mea- surements describe the value of the total county output in what economist call real terms, as current dollars are adjusted to the purchasing power of dollars in some preceding index year, in this case 1967 dollars. The Consumer Price Index information used to adjust this data was provided by the N.C. Office of Budget and Management. PASQUOTANK COUNTY TOTAL COUNTY OUTPUT 1967 - 1984 1967 1970 1975 1980 1984 INT,DIV,RENT $7,729 $10,021 $17,224 $32,280 $53,973 WAGES $32,063 $45,380 S73,089 $125,919 $168,320 PROFITS $8,610 $10,288 $13,742 S10,191 $20,243 SOCIAL SECURITY S1,049 I S2,321 $4,598 $7,971 1 $11,604 CURRENT DOLLARS $49,451 1 S68,010 1_$108,653 J$176,361 1 $254,140 1 INT,DIV,RENT $7,729 $8,618 $10,679 $13,235 $18,351 WAGES $32,063 S39,027 $45,315 S51,627 $57,229 PROFITS S8,610 S8848 S8,520 S4,178 S6,883 SOCIAL SECURITY 8q$1,049 S1,996 S2.851 S3.268 S3,945 [CONSTANT DOLLARS $49,451 $58,489 1 $67,365 $72,308 $86,408 % ANNUAL CHANGE CURRENT DOLLARS NA 37.53% 1 59.76% 62.32% 44.10% CONSTANT DOLLARS NA 18.28% 15.18% 7.34% 19.50% % TOTAL CHANGE 1967-1984 CURRENT DOLLARS I 413.92%J CONSTANT DOLLARS -1 74.731 Source- Data compiled from Unpublished Local Area Personal Income Series; Regional Economic Information System; Bureau of Economic Analysis, US Department of Commerce; April 1987; Distributed by NC Data Pasquotank County Land Use Plan Update 1987 Page 23 W Center The graphs and tables above present comparisons of the change in Pasquotank County's total county output from 1967 to 1984 as expressed in current and 1967 dollars. As can be seen, there are some striking differences. The double di '-it inflation rate in recent years has taken its toll in the purchasing power of the dollar. The 1984 total county output expressed in constant dollars is less than a third of its current dollar value and less than 28% greater than its constant value in 1975, for a real annual increase of only 3.11 % over the past nine years. The most obvious and notable trends indicated by the data are the g-reater dependence of the county's output on the labor factor, the increasing importance of t@e capital sector, and the rather flat performance of the profit sector. Social Security contributions and other retirement contribu- tions by local residents now consume almost 20% of the county's total output. TOTAL COUNTY OUTPUT Pasquotank County 1967 - 1984 (current dollars) 250000- -LABOR 200000 150000. -LAND C A PITA L- 0 0 100000 PROFITS 0 .. .......... ...... 50000-- S U 110 0-13-WQ6QMM= 0 1967 1970 1975 1980 1984 WAGES INT,DIV,RENT PROFITS I US Bureau of Economic Analysi Source: Unpublished Local Area Personal Income Series; Regional Economic Information System; Bureau of Economic Analysis, US Department of Commerce; April 1987; Distributed by NC Data Center Land and Capital The Bureau of Economic Analysis provides data on income received in thecountythat isderived through rents, dividends, and interest. This data is used here as the estimate of land and capital consumed or generated in production in Pasquotank County. There is a separation problem with this data. It is impossible to determine from the data available whether all of the interest, rents, or dividends received as income in the county actually represents the investment of land,and capital in the county or investments at some other place. There is also no way to identify the amount of rents and interest used in production in Pasquotank County that is supplied by firms and individuals outside of the county. For the purposes of this study it is assumed that a balancing out takes place. The amount of in- vestment coming in to the county from non-residents is treated as equal to the amount of rents, in- terest, and dividends earned by county residents through investments outside of the county, thus making the earnings in the county through this factor equal to the amount consumed in the county's output. This assumption makes the figures expressed highly questionable, and they should not be viewed as absolutely accurate. They are sufficient, however, to identify trends in the overall county econ- T)m<zniint.ank Pni.Lntij fAmrLrf. ll@zv. PfarL I1nrfnt,9. 1 A97 'Prino. 24 omy in terms of growth and of the changes in compositional factors. TOTAL CAPITAL OUTPUT PASQUOTANK COUNTY, 1967-1984 3000 250000 200000 CURRENT DOLLARS'-' 150000 ..... . . 100000. ............ .. 50000 CONSTANT DOLLARS 0 . 11967 70 75 80 8 4 CURRENT DOLLARS CONSTANT DOLLARS Source: Unpublished Local Area Personal Income Series; Regional Economic Information System; Bureau of Economic Analysis, US Department of Commerce; April 1987; Distributed by NC Data Center The graph above and the table below show the steady increase in the importance of capital as a pro- duction factor in Pasquotank County. In 1967, capital accounted for less than 15% of the County's total output; by 1984, capital accounted for more than 21% of total output. Growth in the capital production factor during the 17-year-period from 1967 to 1984 was almost 700% when measured in constant dollars and more than 237% when measured in constant 1967 dollars. Capital was the only production factor to more than double during this study period. Total Land and Capital 1967-1984 ($1,000) Land and Capital 1967 1970 1975 1980 1984 Current Dollars $7,729 $10,021 S17,224 $32,280 $53,973 Constant Dollars 7,729 8,618 10,679 13,235 18,351 Total Output 48,402 65,689 104,055 168,390 242,536 Capital as a % of Output 15.96% 15.25% 16.55% 19.17% 22.25% Annual Change Current Dollars NA 23.45% 14.37% 17.48 16.80% Constant Dollars NA 3.68% 4.78% 4.49% 9.66% Total Change(1967-1984) Current Dollars 698.31% Constant Dollars 237.43% Source: Data Compiled from Unpublished Local Area Personal Income Series; Regional Economic Information System; Bureau or Economic Analysis, US Department of Commerce; April 1987; Distributed by NC Data Center 'Me growing importance of capital is a world-wide phenomenon and not peculiar to Pasquotank County. Production increases are more and more dependent on the expansion of production facil- ities and improved technology and equipment which increase land and capital requirements. Pasquotank County Land Use Plan Update 1987 Page 25 W Labor TOTAL SALARIES AND WAGES PASQUOTANK COUNTY 1967 TO 1984 CURRENT AND CONSTANT DOLLARS ($11000) 180000 J 160000 140000 $ 120000 1 100000 Current Dollars 0 0 80000 $168,320 o 60000 40000 --------- Constant Dollars $57,229 20000 0 '1967 '70 '75 -@o 84 CURRENT DOLLARS CONSTANT DOLLARS I Source: Unpublished Local Area Personal Income Series; Regional Economic Information System; Bureau of Economic Analysis, US Department of Commerce; April 1987; Distributed by NC Data Center Labor is represented by the total wages and salaries paid to persons working in Pasquotank County. This includes wages earned by persons working but not living in Pasquotan"k' County. For the pur- poses of this study, it is assumed that all wages earned in Pasquotank County is from production in the county. Thus, if a travelling salesman headquartered in Pasquotank County makes sales to other parts of the Z@ country of products produced in still other regions of the country, hiswage is still counted as Pasquotank County production. During the seventeen-year period between 1967 and 1984, labor has fluctuated from slightly more than 66% of total County output to almost 75% . Annual increases in the labor factor have averaged less than 5%, when measured in real terms. The greatest percentage increase occurred during the I three-year-period from 1967 to 1970 when this factor increased by more than 7%. During the re- maining fourteen years this factor increased at more modest rates of 2% to 3%. Total Wages and Salaries 1967-1984 ($1,000) Wages and Salaries 1967 1970 1975 1980 1984 Current Dollars $32,063 $45,380 $73,089 $125,919 S168,320 Constant Dollars 32,063 39,027 45,315 51,627 57,229 Total Output 48,402 65,689 104,055 168,390 242,536 Wages as a % of Output 66.24% 69.08% 70.24% 74.78% 69.40% Annual Change Current Dollars NA 13.84% 12.21% 14.46% 6.73% Constant Dollars NA 7.24% 3.22% 2.79% 2.17% Total Chan -e(1967-1984) Currenmt Dollars 424.97% Constant Dollars 78.49% D $1 68 Source: Data Compiled from Unpublished Local Area Personal Income Series; Regional Economic Information System; Bureau of Economic Analysis, US Department of Commerce; April 1987; Distributed by INC Data Center 'Pfiqnij.ntAiv&. rr)i.Lvttu fxivtd. l1qv. Vfxivt l1nrfr.Ltv. I QFV7 13rina 2fi W Profits PROFITS OUTPUT L PASQUOTAN K COUNTY 1967 TO 19 84 25000- US BUREAU OF ECONOMIC ANALYSIS 20000- $ 15000- --cc-Tr-rent Dollars 0 X.-X: X, 0 10000- 5 2 0, 2 4 3 0 5000 onstant Dollars 0 OHIO ------- 883 '1967 170 175 '80 '84 CURRENT DOLLARS M CONSTANT DOLLARS Source: Unpublished Local Area Personal Income Series; Regional Economic Information System; Bureau of Economic Analysis, US Department of Commerce; April 1987; Distributed by NC Data Center The Bureau of Economic Analysis provides data on what is termed proprietor's income. This represents the profits collected by business establishments in the county. These profits represents the value added to intermediate products used or traded in local business activities. ne down turn in the profit sector from 1975 to 1984 can be almost totally attributed to declines in farm commodity prices. The steady decline since 1975 reflects the inability of farm prices to keep pace with rising production costs during the period, particularly increased capital costs, such as increased machinery costs and higher interest rates. This cost squeeze creates the need for larger production units and thus increased capital costs in the form increased costs for land and machinery. The table below presents the same information contained in the previous tables on the changes in production factors . As can be seen in the table, the value added by entrepreneurial efforts is Pasquotank County has fluctuated. Total profits are down in real terms but have increased in cur- rent trems. In real terms profits decreased by an estimated $1,727,000 or over 20% from 1967 to 1984. In current terms, however, there was an increase of over 135%. Profits fell from a high of Z7 17.9% of total output in 1967 to a low of 8.35% in 1980. Total Profits 1967-1984($1,000) Profits 1967 1970 1975 1980 1984 Current Dollars $8,610 $10,288 $13,742 S10,191 $20,243 Constant Dollars 8,610 8,848 8,520 4,178 6,883 Total Output 48,402 65,689 104,055 168,390 242,536 Profit as a % of Output 17.79% 15.66% 13.21% 6.05% 8.35% Annual Change Current Dollars NA 6.50% 6.71% -5.17% 19.73% Constant Dollars NA 0.92% -0.74% -10.19% 12.94% Total Change(1967-1984) Current Dollars 135.11% Constant Dollars -20.06% So urce: Data Compiled from Unpubilshed Local Area Personal Income Series; Regional Economic Information System; Bureau of Economic Analysis, US Department or Commerce; April 1987; Distributed by NC Data Center 'Prx@r3ijntjmtik rr)tLvttij fszvu-f 11--t7. T-)frxvL l1nefixtc. I QJ17 'Pr.Lnc,. 97 W Output Summary There has been very little value added as the result of entrepreneurial activities in the county since 1967. Much of the potential profits have been consumed by additional capital costs. A part of the problem is the county's reliance on agriculture as its primary basic industry. Agriculture is an extractive industry as are fishing, forestry, and mining; these industries are ex- trememely volatile and susceptible to international economic trends and technological improvements in production methods and equipment. Farm land represents a finite resource in Pasquotank County which cannot be expanded. Increased production in this sector must rely on increased ud- lization of this resource either through the cultivation of lands presently not in cultivation, increased production from existing lands now being farmed, or improved farm prices for farm commodities. Of these options, improved farm prices offer the greatest possibility of improved county output. This is the one option over which the farmers in Pasquotank County have no control. The cultiva- tion of marginally productive lands generally does not provide any great economic advantage unless accompanied by improved prices. 1 It is doubtful that any great technological improvement will occur that will give the Pasquotank County farmer an advantage over other farmers in the world. Technological improvements gener- ally provide less productive areas of the world with a better means of competing with the American farmer and generally result in lost obs in the farming sector, fewer farmers and larger farms, and greater capital requirements. Increased county output will most likly require less reliance on the agriculture sector and the ex- pansion or introduction of less resricted types of industries, such as manufacturing or wholesale and retail trade. Increased development of tourism and commercial activities in the trade sectors of- fers the best possibility of taking advantage of the abundant water resources in the county. TOTAL COUNTY PERSONAL INCOME 1 TOTAL PERSONAL INCOME PASQUOTANK COUNTY 1967-1984 $300,000 $250,000 oo Current Dollars $200,0 -------- lConstant Dollars IN: 7' $150,000 $100,000 $50,000 $0 1967 1970 1975 1980 1984 1967 1970 1975 1980 1984 PROFITS TRANSFER IM LAND & CAPITAL LABOR PAYMENTS Source: Unpublished Local Area Personal Income Series; Regional Economic Information System; Bureau of D ol @1., s Economic Analysis, US Department of Commerce; April 1987; Distributed by NC Data Center 1P)ri,znijnrnnf*. rr)i.Lntij fand. 11-,v. 13fan Ltnrfatv. I AR7 13 ano. -2. R W Total personal income is a measure of all incomes received by residents of Pasquotank County, regardless of where it is produced. This data includes earnings of residents commuting to work outside of the county and govermnent transfer payments, such as social security or military re- tirement pensions. These two categories of income are added to the total county output data to pro- vide the total income. Deducted from this total are the earnings of non-resident wage earners working in Pasquotank County and social security contributions. The data on Income are pre- sented in a similar form as that of total county output with comparisons of income in constant as well as current dollars. As shown on the graph above and the table below, total personal income has steadily increased both In constant dollars as well as in current dollars. In real terms, incomes have increased by approxi- mately 5% annually since 1967. Labor still accounts for the lion's share of the County's total per- sonal income. Government transfer payments and interest, dividends, and rents are the two fastest growing segments of income earnings in the county, accounting for 17.5% and 18.4% respectively of the county's 1984 total personal income. Proprietors' incomes generally reflect the volatility of farm product prices. In real terms, proprietors' incomes peaked in 1970. TOTAL PERSONAL INCO E : PASQUOTANK COUNTY 1967-1984 ($1,000's) 1 1967 1970 1975 1980 1984 LABOR $32,063 $39,027 $73,089 $122,026 $168,320 LAND & CAPITAL $7,729 $10,021 $17,224 $27,195 $53,973 TRANSFER PAYMENTS $5,722 $8,470 $21,156 $30,858 $51,431 PROFITS $8,610 $10,288 $13,742 1$1 866 $20,243 CURRENT DOLLARS $54,124 1 $67,806 1$125,211 1$195,945 967 ($1,000's) 1967 1970 1975 1980 1984 LABOR $32,063 $33,563 $45,315 $50,031 $57,229 LAND & CAPITAL $7,729 $8,618 $10,679 $11,150 $18,351 TRANSFER PAYMENTS $5,722 $7,284 $13,117 $12,652 $17,487 PROFITS 1 $8,610 $8,848 $8,520 $6,505 $6,883 CONSTANT DOLLARS $54,124 $58,313 $77,631 $80,337 $99,949 % ANNUAL CHANGE CURRENT DOLLARSSI NA 25 28% 814.66% 56.49% 50.03% CONSTANT DOLLAR NA 7.7*4% 33.1317b 3.49% 24.41% % TOTAL CHANGE 1967-1 CURRENT DOLLARS 1 443.14 % CONSTANT DOLLAR 84.67% Source: Data Compiled from Unpublished Local Area Personal Income Series; Regional Economic Information System; Bureau of Economic Analysis, US Department of Commerce; April 1987; Distributed by NC Data Center ,Prx,zr3,Lnt,mnL. rn,,L*ttj f -nd, 11--o. Vf.,mrL llncfatv. 1 (1117 lpnnv. 9cl FARM INCOME. TOTAL FARM INCOME PASQUOTANK COUNTY 1975-1984 ($1,000 $35,000 $30,000 $25,000 $20,000 $15,000 $10,010 $5,000 $ 0 ($5,000) 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 TOTAL FARM TOTAL FARM ACCUMULATED TOTAL FARM REVENUES EXPENSES INVENTORY INCOME Source: Unpublished Local Area Personal Income Series; Regional Economic Information System; Bureau of Economic Analysis, US Department of Commerce; April 1987; Distributed by NC Data Center While agriculture is one of the more dominant land uses in Pasquotank County, accounting for more than 30% of all county land, it does not generate a similar percentage of personal income. Since 1975, total farm income in Pasquotank County has fluctuated from a high of 6.2% of total county income to a low of slightly more than 0.5% in 1980. Generally the trend seems to be downward. The diminishing importance of agriculture as a major source of income is a national trend and his- torically has been occurring since the invention of the steam engine. Fewer and fewer farmers are capable of producing more and more products. Farm & Non Farm Income : Pasquotank Countv 1975-1994 1975 1976 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 Non-Farm Income 1 367 $127,153 $202,804 $224,942 $239,499 $261,621 $287,363 Farm Income $7,487 $7,815 $1,185 $3,636 $5,462 $2,937 $8,392 % Farm Income 6.20% 5.79% 0.58% 1.59% 2.23% 1.11 % 2.84% Total Personal Income $120,854 $134,908 $203,989 .$228,578 S244,961 $264,558 $295,755 (Income measured in SI.000) I Source: Data Compiled from Unpublished Local Area Personal Income Series; Regional Economic Information System; Bureau of Economic Analysis, US Department or Commerce; April 1987; Distributed by NC Data Center Pasquotank County Land Use Plan Update 1987 Page 30 EMPLOYMENT EMPLOYMENT, UNEMPLOYMENT, AND UNEMPLOYMENT RATE: Total Labo PASQUOTANK COUNTY 1970 1984 % Unemploymen Force Rate 1400( 8.00% 1200 7.00 6.00% 1000 800( 5.00 % 4 . 0 0 600 3.00% 400( 2 . 0 0 200( 1. 0 0 0 197( 1 '71 '72 '73 '74 '75 '76 '77 '78 '79 '80 '81 '82 '8 3 6 84 0.00% El UNEMPLOYED EM EMPLOYED - RATE OF UNEMPLOYMENT Source- Unpublished Local Area Personal Income Series; Regional Economic Information System; Bureau of Economic Analysis, US Department of Commerce; April 1987; Distributed by NC Data Center 'Me Pasquotank County labor force increased from 10,230 persons to 12,750 persons between 1970 and 1984. The number of county residents employed increased by 2,420 persons, while the number of unemployed residents increased by 100 persons to 750, for an average annual unem- ployment rate of less than 6% during the fourteen-year interval. LABOR FORCE AND EMPLOYMENT- PASQUOTANK COUNTY 1970 - 1984 1970 '71 '74 175 '77 '78 179 '80 1 '83 1 '84 1 EMPLOYED 10140 10590 1156U 11660 11770 11560-1 11520 12000 UNEMPLOYED 650 710 480 680 520 630 930 870 750 9800 RATE OF UNEMPLOYMENT 6953350% 16.76% 4.52% 7.8002 5.56%4 17%5 0 7.45To?102% 5.88% TOTAL LABOR FORCE 10'3 1) 1 0 1 1) 10610 11391) 12241) 1141(l) 1140 Source: Data Compiled from Unpublished Local Area Personal Income Series; Regional Economic Information System; Bureau of Economic Analysis, US Department of Commerce; April 1987; Distributed by NC Data Center Employment in the county also grew substantially during the 1970 to 1984 period, increasing by I more than 34% or 2,692 new jobs. The table below presents 1970 and 1980 data from the US Bureau of Census showing the employment changes in the various employment sectors in Pasquotank County. Pasquotank County Land Use Plan Update 1987 Page 31 PASQUOTANK COUNTY EMPLOYMENT BY INDUSTRY 1970 & 1980 Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing, 1970 1980 % C h -an ge and Mining 552 478 -13.1 ZD C n.struction 662 842 27.19 o Manufact-L=g 1,764 1,635 -7.31 Non-Durable Goods 763 548 -28.18 Durable Goods 1,001 1,087 8.59 Transportation 188 243 29.26 Communications and Public 1110 Utilities 411 24.55 Wholesale Traade 278 439 57.91 Retail Trade 1,800 1,971 9.50 Finance, Insurance, & Real Estate 275 412 49.82 Personal, Entertainment, and Recreation 171 280 63.74 Professional and Related Services 1,798 2,577 43.33 Health 420 766 82.66 Education 1,043 1,447 38.73 Other 335 364 8.66 Public Administration 710 882 24.23 Total Employment 9,343 10,712 l4t- - - As the above table indicates, the fastest growing employment sectors in Pasquotank County are Health Services, Business Repair Services, Wholesale Trade, and Educational Services. These employment growth trends are an indication of the growing importance of the service sector as an employer and the value of regionally oriented services to the local economy. . The table below lists the major manufacturing employers in Pasquotank County. ZD I MAJOR MANUFACTURING EMPLOYERS IN PASQUOTANK COUNTY EMPLOYER PRODUCTS /SERVICES EMPLOYEES... 17 South Mfg Children's wear 95 Elizabeth City Cotton Mill Cotton Yam 115 Pell Paper Box Company Boxes,printing 40 Sanders Co.,Inc. Foundry 45 IXL Furniture Co.,Inc. Cabinets 115 J.W. Jones Lumber Co. Lumber 62 Pro-Gro Peat Moss 35 Leslie Co. Control valves and repair 20 TCOM Corp. Airborn Comm. Systems 40 *Chesapeake lumber Lumber 140 Animal Crackers Children's Wear 75 *Atlanta Knitting Mills, Inc. Children's Wear 75 Dolphin Systems Fuel System Components 25 Davric, Inc. Government Printing 110 Hockmeyer Equipment Corp Industrial Mixers 47 Airship Industries Blimps 60 Cabinet World Cabinets 15 Since the preparation of this table Chesapeake Lumber and Atlanta Knitting Mills have announced that they would be closing their operations in Pasquotank County.(Net Loss 215 Jobs) Pr3_,Qni1,nt.r.Lv&. PniLnttj f xitul. Uqa. Pfimn Uncfarv. I AR7 P n n v. Z 2. C 4f ly J) lot Al TO lir n V C, it - v 9 y kk" tu- !A ... . . . . . . . . . . . -V LEGEND o@ Q RESIDENTIAL 4 FOREST AGRICULTURE A,, INDUSTRIAL C 0 A, The preparation of this map was financed in throath a grant provided by the North Carolin Coastal Management Program, through funds provided by the Coastal Zone Management Ac 1972, as amended, which is administered by t Office of Ocean and Coastal Resources Management, National Oceanic and Atmosphe Administration. EMPLOYMENT SUMMARY Even with the loss of the two industrial employers noted above the employment outlook is sta- ble for Pasquotank County. The County has and continues to develop as a retail, financial, medical, educational, and service center for the region. The annual average unemployment rate during the past five years has been below the state rate. Efforts of the Pasquotank-Elizabeth City Industrial Program are begining to produce results. EXISTIN-Q-LAND USE DEVELOPMENT PATTERNS Development outside of extra-territorial jurisdiction of Elizabeth City had all but ceased until the construction of the county water system. Health department regulations coupled with the severe limitations of Pasquotank County soils to septic tank suitability meant that almost all new residential development required a minimum lot size of 40,000 square feet. The availability of a public water supply reduced this land requirement to 25,000 square feet on provisionally suitable soils, which are most of the soils in the county. New development has generally been occurring as an outward expansion of the urban cluster of Elizabeth City, and along the major arterial transportation routes leading away from the city--along US 17 north toward the Tidewater area of Virginia, south toward Perquimans County, NC., and east along NC 34 toward the Coast Guard Base and Weeksville. The most significant platting activity is occurring along the US 17 Corridor. Z) Zn DOMINANT LAND USES AREA Thousands of Acres %OF TOTA-L LAND 146.1 77.70% WATER 42.0 22,30% TOTAL 188.1 100.00% MAJOR CATEGORIES OF LAND USE FORESTRY 78.2 41.60% CROPLAND AND PASTURES 57.1 30.40% URBAN AND BUILT-UP 5.0 2.66% LAND USE COMPATIBILITY PROBLEMS One new land compatibility problem has surfaced since the previous land use update: the siting of solid waste transfer stations. The county planning board has recommended to the Pasquotank County Commissioners an amendment to the county's subdivision regulations requiring subdivi- sion developers to dedicate utility easements as dumpster sites to serve the needs of their particular subdivision. iPrqn,,nt.,xrLfQ. rr),.Lttt,, fxiruf 11-zg, PfAirL Un&itv. I QR7 Prina 'AA tr and Nuisances associated with farm operations and safety hazards associated with the air af ic in out of the Coast Guard base were thoroughly reviewed in the previous land use update. The county has implemented height restrictions through their multi-family housing, ordinance, but no locational restrictions are enforced by the county. An attempt was made by the planning board and the county comrriissioners immediately following the adoption of the 1981 ILand Use Update to implement a zoning ordinance for the county. This attempt met with such strong opposition from county residents that the county commissioners elected to delay its implementation until county residents expressed the need for such locational control. Due to recent developments and new interest expressed by a number of residents in the county, the County Commissioners are proceeding with the development of a zoning ordinance for those portions of the county most likely to experience growth pressures in the next ten-years. Agricultural Lands Agricultural land, next to forest lands, are the most dominant land use in the county. Approximately 30% of the county land area is devoted to crop production. Principal crops gown in the county are corn, soybeans, wheat, irish potatoes, and various other truck crops. As has been the general trend nationwide, the number of farms in the county has been diminishing while the size of the farms has been increasing. Fewer farmers are farming more land. Overall, farm acreage has fluctuated over the years; but according to the US Census of Agriculture, the number of acres farmed in 1982 was greater than that farmed in 1964. The table below lists the uti- lization of farm land during the years 1964, 1969, 1974, and 1982. It seems that the amount of farm land that can be put into production has remained fairly constant during the 18 years covered by the Census. PASQUOTANK COUNTY : AGRICULTURE LANDS 1964,1969, 1974, 1982 1964 1969 1974 1982 FARM ACREAGE(acres) 73,400 67,500 63,000 73,766 NUMBER OF FARMS 446 379 304 253 TOTAL VALUE OF FARM PRODUCTS($) 8,136,000 6,988,000 16,200,000 21,849,000 AVERAGE VALUE OF PRODUCTS PER FARM($) 18,242 18,438 53,289 86,360 AVERAGE SIZE OF FARM(acres) 164.6 178 207 291.6 Residential Development Large lot requirements, high interest rates on home mortgages, high required equity contributions, C@ I and the high cost of ar 4riculture lands combined to all but halt residential development in the county during the early 1980's. The construction of the county water system is 1981 reduced the large lot requirement in most areas of the county , but it was not until 1986 after home mortgage rates had fallen substantially that development activity showed a substantial upturn. Subdivision platting activity increased substantially in 1986. Between January, 1982, and 1. 1 lPfx@mLntruil. rountu f A-ind, 11-,a T)favt Unffiitp. 1487 Pruw. 94 W December, 1985, the Pasquotank County Planning Board gave preliminary or final approval to subdivisions containing a total 200 lots. In the eighteen months since January , 1986, the Pasquotank County Planning Board has given approvals to subdivisions containing a total of 535 lots. The demand for building lots and new homes seems to be strictly due to local growth. The county does not seem to be affected by the burgeoning growth occurring in the Tidewater Virginia area. Housing, The following table presents comparative housing data for the two previous census years 1970 and I 1980. As can be seen the number of total housing units and occupied housing increased at more than three times the rate of the county's total population. The county's population increased at slightly more than 6% during this interval while occupied units increased by 22%. 121D 1.2m %CHANGE TOTAL HOUSING UNITS 8634 10457 21% OCCUPIED 7952 9723 22% VACANT 682 734 8% VACANCY RATE 7.90% 7.02% -11.27% TOTAL VACANT 682 734 22% AVAILABLE FOR SALE 61 67 9.84% AVAILABLE FOR RENT 251 248 -1.2% UNITS UNAVAILABLE 370 419 13.24% TOTAL OWNER UNITS 5155 6425 24.64% OCCUPIED 5094 6358 24.81% VACANT 61 67 9.84% VACANCY RATE 1.18% 1.04% -11.9% TOTAL RENTAL UNITS 3109 3613 16.21% OCCUPIED 2858 3365 17.74% VACANT 251 248 -1.2% VACANCY RATE 8.07% 6.86% 14.99% MOBILE HOMES 536 1171 118.47% OCCUPIED NA 1061 NA VACANT NA 110 NA VACANCY RATE NA 9.39% NA Of particular concern is the falling vacancy rate among both owner and rental units. This decline plus the high mortgage rates that have prevailed since 1980 have probably caused the vacancy rate C@ 1@' -_ for rental units to fall below 5%, a threshold that indicates an extremely tight housing market. Another housing characteristic of particular interest is the increasing growth in the number of un- available units. This characteristic usually indicates growth in second homes or vacation cottages. Areas Likely to Experience Growth The areas most likely to experience development growth are generally those areas in and around Elizabeth City and principal transportation corridors leadinar out of the city, Highway US 17 both north and south, and NC 34 to the east. Elizabeth City is now in the process of carrying out an annexation study in the faster growing areas adjacent to its city limits. High density development will most likely occur where public sewer service from Elizabeth City. The higher intensity uses will most likely occur on land adjacent and with direct access to US 17. 13azounbatik rmintil Vand, 11,qc, Pfxln Unrbxtv. I AR7 'Princ"35 W Estimated Future Demand The North Carolina Office of Budget and Management estimates a population growth increase in Pasquotank County of 2,53 )6 persons by the year 2000. Usin_g the 2.93 persons per household rate of 1980 indicates that 865 more housing, units will be occupied in the year 2000 than were oc- cupied in 1980. Assuming; a vacancy rate of 7% , identical to that of 1980, 926 new dwelling units will be needed by the year 2000. This is a production rate of slightly more than 46 dwelling units per year. Current production rates are sufficient to sustain this demand. Assuming a water usage of 100 gallons per person per day, additional daily water production would 1' 4' have to increase by 253,600gpd. This increased demand is well within the capacity of the planned county water system improvements. Assuming a solid waste generation of 6 cubic yard per week for each 13 households of 2.93 C: persons each, an additional 400 cubic yards of solid waste will have to collected and disposed of in the City-County land fill each week. 'Me new City-County land fill was opened in 1983 and has a projected life of 27 years or until the year 2010. According to the population estimates provided by the NC Office of Budget and Management, there I Z:@ is a projected decline in the number of school age cohorts by the year 2000. No additional school facilities will be needed once the present renovation plans are complete, and assuming the standards for optimum facilities do not change. Police protection in the county is provided by the county sheriffs office. The staffing needed is ba- sically a function of the number of calls, the physical area to be covered and demands made on the department rather than a set service ratio based on population. The saffing and equiping of the sheriffs department will be based on this service demand criteria. Fire protection in the county is provided by six organized units of volunteer firefighters and one unit of paid firefighters. The most densely populated area of the county in and around Elizabeth City is serviced by a paid staff on duty 24-hour per day. The combined firefighting force in the county is 244 persons. This available force yeilds a service ratio of one firefighter for every 44 housing units. To maintain this service ratio the volunteer squads must recruit an additional fireman each year to keep pace with housing growth. Historically, the volunteer squads have enjoyed excellent participation from residents and feel they can maintain this service ratio. The county is presently developing a 911 erneraency communications system in cooperation with the City of Elizabeth City andCamdenCounty This system will provide these three local jurisdiction with a much more effi- cient and immediate access to emergency services such as fire, police, and emergency medical ser- vices. PROBLEMS WITH UNPLANNED GROWTH Unplanned growth problems in Pasquotank County mentioned in previous plans are predominantly vestiges of the past. The platting and sale of lots now considered unbuildable by Health Department standards and flood plain development are the two most significant problems. Future occurrences of these problems are being prevented through the subdivision review process and the implementa- tion of the county's subdivision regulations, the permitting policies of the District Health Department, and the enforcement of the county's flood plain ordinance. Pa@znuntavtfi. rnuvau Frituf Uqa Viin llndata 1 C127 'PrIna. U W CURRENT PLANS, POLICIES, AND REGULATIONS Pasquotank County relies on six basic regulatory tools to control development in the county. These tools are based on minimum performance standards. The County does not attempt to control land use by assigning particular uses to particular lands. C) REGULATIONS Mobile Home and Mobile Home Park Ordinance The Pasquotank County Mobile Home and Mobile Home Park Ordinance, adopted in August, I Zn 1980, is the County's first attempt at imposing locally mandated development controls. This ordi- nance establishes specific development standards for siting mobile homes, including minimum lot size, yard dimensions, access, and public utility services. The ordinance does not identify particu- lar areas for mobile home development; &e emphasis of the ordinance is orderly development rather than any spatial arrangement. North Carolina Building Code In July of 1984, the County employed its first full-time building inspector to enforce all elements of the North Carolina Building Code. The Building Code, of course, regulates all new construction and the installation of electrical, plumbing, and mechanical services, as well as mobile home in- stallations. This year,1987, the county employed its second full-time building inspector. Pasquotank County is in the 100 mph wind velocity zone. Construction and mobile home installa- tion standards for this zone are enforced. Pasquotank County Subdivision Regulations, 1977 In June, 1977, Pasquotank County adopted subdivision regulations. This ordinance, like the mobile home park ordinance, emphasizes orderliness of development. The ordinance, in addition to as- signing decision-maldn- responsibilities, establishes applications and permit procedures and amendment and appeal mechanisms; it defines the term subdivision and establishes minimum de- velopment standards including lot size, set backs, lot width and dimensions, access, roadway stan- dards, drainage requirements, and public facility services. Pasquotank County Flood Plain Ordinance, 1986 Pasquotank County is participating in the Regular Phase of the'National Flood Insurance Program and enforces the required precautionary regulations required by this program. The County uses the Special Flood Hazard Boundary Maps provided by the Federal Emergency Management Agency and imposes specific construction standards in these flood hazard areas. Multi-Family Dwellings Ordinance of Pasquotank County 1985 Adopted in December, 1985, this ordinance regulates the development of all structures containing more than one livino- unit. POLICIES Rules and Regulations of the Pasquotank County Water System 1981 The Rules and Regulations of the Pasquotank County Water System, inadditionto governing the operation of the system, formally state the County's policy concerning waterline extensions and ex- pansion of water services. The system generally provides water service to all areas of the county. These Rules and Regulations indirectly impose some spatial guidance for development intensity, as the heavier users of water must be serviced by larger- sized'-'water lines. These rules also provide a method of controlling development tin-dng by imposing limits to the number of customers of vari- ous use intensities that can be served by a specific size of water line. County Health Department Septic Tank Permits The County Health Department, in addition to the subdivision regulations and the Mobile Home Park Ordinance, regulates development density in Pasquotank County. The regulations of this agency establish minimum lot sizes and minimum soil conditions for the installation of on-site sewage disposal systems of less than 3,000 gallons. The minimum lot size for septic tank ap- proval in the county is 15,000 to 25,000 square feet for lots served by public water and 20,000 to 40,000 square feet for those usin- on-site water supplies. These standards are county-wide mini- mums and are contingent on certain soil conditions and drainage characteristics of the building site. PLANS CAMA Land Use Plan for Pasquotank County, 1976 The 1976 CAMA Land Use Plan was the initial county land use plan prepared under the Coastal Area Management Act. The plan provides valuable base data for referencing changes in land uses, development patterns, and development trends in Pasquotank County. The plan also provides a land classification scheme for the county. 1981 CAMA Land Development Plan Update for Pasquotank County, North Carolina, The Ferren Planning Group, Greenville, NC The CAMA Land Development Plan Update for Pasquotank County was the first five-year update of the 1976 CAMA Land Use Plan. The plan describes the changes that took place in the county during the five years following the 1976 plan, updates the land classification map, and formally ar- ticulates county policy concerning specific development issues. An Appraisal of Potential for Outdoor Recreation, Pasquotank County Soil and Water Conservation District. This plan provides valuable data concerning the use of non-developed lands in the county. In Pasquotank County, this represents most of the county's land area. The plan provides an inven- tory of the agricultural and forested areas of the county, their productive potential, and their inherent weaknesses. The plan also includes a general soils map of the entire county and addresses the county's water management, erosion, and drainage problems. C@ Z@ Pasquotank County Water Improvements Plan, 1987 Outlines proposed improvements to the Pasquotank Water System to be completed in the next 5 years . The Plan calls for the doubling of plant capacity during the next 24 months with supply wells added as needed. rnuntij fxinA. 11ca Vfn si I J nrfn to- 10 R? -n--- 7n W Pasquotank County Long-Range Educational Facility Renovation and Construction Plan 1987, Pasquotank County Board of Education. This plan outlines the proposed renovation and construction plans proposed by the Pasquotank County Board of Education for the period 1987-1993. The overall construction plans are extensive, calling for an investment in new facilities of over $13,000,000. The Plan calls for the construction of three new schools as well as extensive additions to and renovation of existing structures. STUDIES ELIZABETH CITY - PASQUOTANK COUNTY SCHOOL SURVEY REPORT 1984-1985, Department of Public Instruction, Division of School Planning. Comprehensive survey performed on request from the Pasquotank County Board of Education. The findings and recommendations found in this report is the basis for the Long Range Educational Facility Renovation and Construction Plan now being undertaken by the County. r,-..-+. r ___r i i-- nr-- i i --r-.- i no-7 CONSTRAINTS TO DEVELOPMENT: LAND SUITABILITY Soils Soils in Pasquotank County place severe constraints on development. The soils in the county ex- hibit two seriously limiting characteristics: a high concentration of what the District Health Department refers to as 2:1 clays, clays with a high shrink/swell capacity that are almost impervious to water-, and a very shallow depth to the seasonally high water table. The high clay content requires large lot development in areas without public sewer and water facili- ties; the shallow depth to water table demands extensive drainage facilities to maintain the minimum separation between septic tank drain fields and the water table. The table below lists the n-dnimum lot sizes allowed by the District Health Department. These minimums are based on soil conditions. As is indicated in the table, areas without public sewer assuredly will be developed at very low densities. PUBLIC WATER OR COMMUNITY WATER NO WATER NO SEWER or SEWER PUBLIC WATER & Suitable Provisionally Suitable Provisionally SEWER PROVIDED Soils Suitable Soil Soils Suitable Soil Minimum Lot Area 15,000 sq,ft. 15,000 25,000 20,000 40,000 Lot Width 80 ft. 75 125 100 100 or 200 Front Yard Setback 3 0 ft. 30 ft. 30 ft. 30 ft. 30 ft. Rear Yard Setback 20 ft. 20 ft. 20 ft. 20 ft. 20 ft. Side Yard Setback 15 ft. 15 ft. 15 ft. 15 ft. 15 ft. As may be evident in the table above, the construction of the Pasquotank County Water System was a boon to development. The availability of public water reduces the minimum land requirement by almost 40%. 'Me table below lists the various soil associations found in Pasquotank County and their limitations for septic fields, light industry, and roads and streets. As is indicated in the table, at least 72% of the land area in Pasquotank is rated as having severe or very severe limitations to these three devel- opment factors. Pri.qmintimyLk. rountu fxiruf 11@zg. Viin Un&2tv. I QR7 Pnna 41 W SOIL LIMITATIONS: PAQUOTANK COUNTY % Septic of Soil Tank Light Roads and County Association Limitations Industry Streets Pasquotank Moderate Severe Moderate 8% Barclay Moderate Moderate Moderate Weeksville Severe Severe Severe Bertie Moderate Moderate Moderate 6% Othello Severe Severe Severe Othello Severe Severe Slight 14% Bertie Moderate Moderate Moderate Dragston Moderate Moderate Moderate 4% Pokomoke Severe Severe Severe I Portsmouth Severe Severe Severe 12%@ Bayboro Severe Severe Severe 29% Elkton Severe Severe Severe Bladen Severe Severe Severe Mucky Peat Very Severe Very Severe Very Severe 27% Swamp Very Severe Very Severe Very Severe___J Water Supply Typically water in Pasquotank County is drawn from the Upper Yorktown aquifer. This aquifer underlays the water table aquifer and can generally be found from 5'to 13'feet below the ground surface. This aquifer ranges to 130 feet in thickness. Wells in this aquifer range from 35' to 80' feet in depth and generally produce yields from 1 to 100 gpm. Water in the Upper Yorktown is for the most part hard, alkaline, and tends to form scale. This aquifer contains freshwater in all parts of the county, but is underlain by the more salty Lower Yorktown aquifer. In areas of cone depression near major pumping points salt water intru- sion may occur. The Pasquotank County Water System pumps from the Upper Yorktown aquifer. The system is now pumping from 9 wells with the maximum yield of any well being 100 gpm. 0 Areas of Environmental Concern ( A.E.C The Coastal Resources Commission has designated four categories of environmental concern in the twenty coastal counties included in North Carolina Area Management Act: 1) The Ocean Hazard System 2) The Estuarine System 3) Public Water Supplies 4) Natural and Cultural Resource Areas Two of these four categories, the Estuarine System and Public Water Supplies, pertain to Pasquotank County. The Estuarine System category contains four components designated as areas of environmental concern: Estuarine Shorelines, Public Trust Waters, Coastal Wetlands, and Estuarine Waters. All four of these components are present in the County. The Elizabeth City Well Field has been designated as a Public Water Supply A.E.C. PUBLIC TRUST WATERS Public Trust Waters are all waters and submerged lands in the twenty county coastal region where the public has rights of use including rights of navigation and recreation. The Coastal Area 0 Management Act more specifically identifies Public Trust Waters as: 1) All waters of the Atlantic Ocean and the lands thereunder from the mean high water mark to the seaward limit of State jurisdiction; 2) All natural bodies of water subject to measurable lunar tides, and all lands thereunder the mean high water mark. 3) All navigable natural bodies of water, and all lands thereunder, except privately owned lakes to which the public has no access; 4) All water in artificially-created bodies of water containing significant public fishing resources or other public resources which are accessible to the public by navigation from bodies of water in which the public has navigation rights; 5) All waters in arti ciallv-created bodies of water in which the public has acquired rights by prescription, custom, usage, dedication, or any other means. PUBLIC TRUST WATERS Public trust waters in Pasquotank County essentially include all navigable streams in the county. The major components of this category in the county,are the Albemarle Sound, the Pasquotank River, the Little River, Big Flatty Creek, Little Flatty Creek, New Begun Creek, Knobb's Creek and Symonds Creek. ESTUARINE WATERS The Pasquotank River downstream ftom the US 158 bridge from Elizabeth City to Camden County to the Albemarle Sound; all waters of the Albemarle Sound; the Little River downstream from the Narrows to the Sound, and in Big Flatty Creek from a line connecting Marston Creek and Davis Creek to the Sound. Paqf3unbarda. Pnointu f xiva. tbza Pfrin Unriata. I CIR7 Prina 4A W ESTUARINE SHORE A seventy-five foot buffer strip measured landward from the mean high water line of the estuarine water. A landward measurement from the estuarine portion of the Pasquotank and Little Rivers, and the Albemarle Sound. COASTAL WETLANDS Specie specific areas, identified by the presence of ten plant species used as indicators. Coastal wetlands are found throughout the county and cannot be mapped. PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES The Elizabeth City Well Field is one of only two well fields designated as an A.E.C. The wellfield consists of 250 well points piped by a vacuum system. These are mostly shallow wells producing yields of about 2 gpm each. There are 4 deep wells in the field producing yields of 400 gpm. Total capacity of the well field is approximately 1.5 mgd. FRAGILE AREAS The Great Dismal Swamp Ile Great Dismal Swamp comprises approxirnately 30,000 acres in northern Pasquotank County. The area contains an abundance of wildlife and of aquatic and wetland plants. It also contains abundant peat deposits that could become a valuable economic resource. Man Made Hazards Man made hazards affecting development have been thoroughly discussed in previous land use updates and no new hazards have surfaced. Typically they are agricultural storage facilities, petroleum storage facilities, and transportation facilities--particularly airports and railroads. Chief among the man made hazards in the county is the Coast Guard Air Station facility located on Weeksville Road. At present development in the Clear Zones and the Approach Zones leading to the runways is controlled by the Elizabeth City Zoning Ordinance. Even though the Air Station is located outside the City's extraterritorial jurisdiction, this power and responsibility was granted the City through special state legislation in 1969. Historical, Cultural, & Archealogical Sites The county has just had an inventory of all historical and culturally significant stuctures and sites completed for them through a grant in cooperation with the NC Division of Archives and History. This catalog of information provides an information base on which decisions concerning particular sites or structures can be made should a time arise when the county feels compelled to take stronger actions concerning these artifacts. One reviewer requested that the historical structure and site report be included as an addendum to this document. The historical structure and site report is a 106 page document, its length makes its inclusion here impractical. 1Da.,Qr3unt.ixvtJk. rnuritti fxittd. 11@a *PfyirL llnrfafa I QR7 '0- -- A A CONSTRAINTS TO DEVELOPEMENT: CAPACITY OF PUBLIC FACILITIES Water System The Pasquotank Water System began operation in April, 198 1, with approximately 2,900 cus- tomers. The System consists of over 1,000,000 linear feet of water distribution mains, three 200,000 gallon elevated storage tanks, one 300,000 gallon elevated storage tank, 500,000 gallons 1 of ground storage for treated water, a 1.20 M-d. water treatment plant served by nine wells pump- ing 750,000 gpd. Maximum production of any well does not exceed 100 gallons per minute. Water service is now available to practically all areas of the county, with interconnections with the South Mills Water Association system and the Inter-County Water Association system in the eastern portion of Perequirnans County. I I On January 6, 1987, the system was providing service to 4,370 connections. Thus, during the system's first 68 months of operation 1,470 new customers were added to the system, a monthly average of 21 new service connections per month. I In addition to the increase in water users, water usage per connection is increasing. Water usage has increased from 3,897 gallons per month for each meter to 4,437 gallons per month per meter. More customers and greater usage have resulted in the water plant nearing capacity on peak days. According to the county's consulting engineers, a continuation of this trend will result in a maxi- mum day use exceeding maximum theoretical plant capacity by 1990. The graph and table below portray the six-year history of the water system's growth since it began operation in April, 198 1. WATER_': T T h 2, 0 0 0 Peak usage for April: 1,884, 25,000 h 1,800 . 0 S 1,600 20,000 U * 1,400 * 1,200 15,000 n d 1,000 d 800 10,000 G a 6 0 0- G a 5,000 40 0- H 20 0- ... .. . . n 0 0 0 s 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 n Average Day Maximum Day Total Pasquotank County Land Use Plan Update 1987 Page 45 PASQUOTANK COUNTY WATER SYSTEM 1981-1987 APRIL WATER USAGE 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 Average Day 439 543 498 531 647 630 678 Maximum Day 633 795 624 654 1,884 846 953 Minimum Day 284 444 323 439 222 487 414 Total 7,469 16,293 14,948 15,955 19,421 19,213 20,341f The Pasquotank County Water System and the Pasquotank County Commissioners began planning for a plant expansion in 1985. The Water System Improvement Plan calls for a doubling of treat- ment capacity from 1.2 M-d to 2.4 M-d with a sufficient number of new wells to supply twice the peak daily water usage. The new treatment plant will be operational in 1988. New wells win be added as water demand increases. Solid Waste Pasquotank County provides solid waste collection through thirty-one transfer points stratecrically located throughout the county. The county contracts with Clean Sweep, Inc., of Elizabeth City to transfer the waste from the dumpster sites to the landfill. Clean Sweep furnishes the trash recepta- cles (either 8 cubic yard or 6 cubic yard green cans) and the compactors and other needed vehicles. The county furnishes the sites to be used as collection points. The average weekly collection from the thirty-one sites is 2,074 cubic yards. All sites are picked up at least once weekly; however, the frequency of pick-up is determined by usage, the number of dumpsters, and the type of waste nor- mally disposed of at the site; some sites are picked up as many as 5 a times week. The county shares ownership of the landfill with Elizabeth City. Camden County contracts with the county and Elizabeth City for use of the landfill. The present Pasquotank County/Elizabeth City land fill became operational in 1981 and has an expected remaining life of 27 years. The land fill serves Elizabeth City, Pasquotank County, and Camden County. The contractural arrangements with Clean Sweep and with the city provide a cost effective means of providing this service to county residents. Fumishing the transfer sites is the weak link in this ar- rangement. The County actually owns only two of the transfer sites; the remaining sites are in use on a non-lease basis and could be lost at any time. No one is anxious to have one of these sites lo- cated near his or her home. The Pasquotank County Subdivision Regulations now require subdividers to dedicate solid waste utility easements of sufficient size to servze the residents of their development. The proposed Solid Waste Utility Ordinance would require all new subdivisions with more than 6 lots to provide a solid waste utility easement of sufficient size to serve the subdivision's potential residential demand. The size of the easement is determined by the number of dumpsters required; one dumpster is re- quired for each thirteen residential lots or any part thereof. Sites with more than three dumpsters must be totally off street with sufficient space for the compactor vehicle to carry out all operations off-street and to reenter the street system in a forward manner. The Ordinance requires that the udl- ity easements be screened from view. The County offers subdividers the option of constructing and dedicating individual sites or of contributing to a county fund for the construction of a public site to serve all subdivisions in a particular area of the county. Fire Protection Fire protection in the county is provided through seven organized fire districts, six of which are 1. L_ staffed by volunteer fire fighters. One district, the Central district, serves the extra-territorial juris- Pn.@zf3tisAAmttk. rnuKtu f Amvuf lZza PfAan Uncfrirv@ 1 q R7 1prina 4fi diction of Elizabeth City and is staffed by the Elizabeth City Fire Department. Six of the districts are rated and the seventh expects to receive rating soon. All volunteers are equipped with pagers with the exception of the Inter-County fire district which serves the western section of Pasquotank and a portion of Perquimans County. All Pasquotank members of the Inter-county volunteer staff are equipped with pagers. 'Me Central district, served by the Elizabeth City Fire Department, is staffed by paid firefighters 24 hours a day and needs no pagers. The table below lists each of the fire dis- tricts, their equipment, and their staffing. DISTRICT STAFF MOBILE EQUIPMENT WEEKSVILLE 50 VOLUNTEERS 1# 1000 GPM PUMPER 750 GAL.BOOSTER (ALL WITH PAGERS) 1# 1250 GAL. TANKER 450 GPM I# BRUSH TRUCK / 250 GAL. I# UTILITY VAN PROVIDENCE 27 VOLUNTEERS 1# 1000 GPM PUMPER 750 GAL. BOOSTER (ALL WITH PAGERS) 1# 1250 GAL. TANKER 350 GPM. 1# UTILITY VAN NEWLAND 28 VOLUNTEERS 1# 1000 GPM. PUMPER / 750 GAL.BOOSTER (ALL WITH PAGERS) 1# 1250 GAL. TANKER / 450 GPM. 1# UTILITY VAN 19 UTILITY TRUCK ]I,1TER-COUNTY 25 VOLUNTEERS 1# 750 GPM.PUMPER / 750 GAL. BOOSTER ( 15 WITH PAGERS) 1# 1250 TANKER / 500 GPM. NIXONTON 29 VOLUNTEERS 1# 1250 GAL PUMPER/ TANKER 1000 GPM (ALL WITH PAGERS) I# 1500GAL. TANKER / 250 GPM SOUND NECK 50 VOLUNTEERS 1# 750 GPM. PUMPER / 500 GAL. BOOSTER (ALL WITH PAGERS) 1# 1250 GAL. TANKER 250 GPM. CENTRAL 35 PAID STAFFERS 1# 1000 GPM PUMPER 750 GAL. BOOSTER (ON DUTY 24 HOURS) 1# 1250 GAL. TANKER 450 GPM. Emergency Services Emergency Medical Services are provided through a cooperative arrangement with Elizabeth City and Camden County. The emergency medical service is staffed by seven paid, full-time personnel: I a director and six Emergency Medical Technicians. The Emergency Service owns three modular ambulances and three vans, all fully equipped. The full-time staff mans the service 10 hours per day / six days per week. Rescue Squad volunteers fill-in the off-duty hours of the paid staff to provide 24 hour / seven day per week service; at least two rescue squad members are on duty during the off-duty hours of the paid staff. Currently there are 25 rescue squad members, 12 EMTs and 13 ambulance drivers. At present, both the Emergency Medical Staff and the Rescue Squad have a Basic EMT rating. During the coming year the staff and rescue squad volunteers will undertake new training to qualify the Service for an Advanced-Inten-nedi ate EMT rating. An A-I rating will allow the qualified EMT I personnel to administer Cardiac drugs, intra-venous therapy, and to operate a defibulator. At least one A-I qualified technician would be on duty at all times. The Rescue Squad is equipped with two dive boats and a crash truck with extriculation equipment. 1PMq(3jjntjj*.Lk. rountli fnttd. tbza Prian Undlitp. 1.487 Prina 47 The Rescue is organized with a six-man dive team for water rescue. The greatest limitation to providing emergency medical service is the lack of adequate communica- tion equipment. Rescue Squad members"and the Emergency Medical Staff do not have pagers. Tie radio equipment in the vehicles and three walkie-talkies are the only communication equipm'@' ent for these emergency services. The county, in cooperation with Elizabeth City and Camden County, attempted to secure state aid to establish a centralized communication system and an emergency telephone number system similar to a 911 system. The state denied the request; however, the county intends to continue to work toward securing such a system. Educational Facilities The Pasquotank County Board of Education and the Pasquotank County Commissioners have initi- ated a long range educational facility program aimed toward bringing all school facilities into com- pliance with optimum state standards by 1993. Portions of this program have already begun, one new elementary school is under construction and another has been approved for funding and will begin early next year. When fully implemented, every existing school campus will have received improvements. Old, outdated, and structurally unsafe buildings will have been razed and in many cases replaced with new facilities. The construction plans call for the construction of three new schools and the renovation or expan- sion of all usable existing facilities. Total cost of the program is estimated at over $13,000,000. Z@ Impact of Seasonal Population Seasonal population generated by Elizabeth City State University, Roanoke Bible College, and the College of the Albemarle are important elements of the Pasquotank County economy. These sea- sonal. impacts have been rather consistant over the years and do not pose any great burden to ex- isting public facilities. 13cm@Zoikotiank r01-L*'Lt1j f xivixf 11@a 14sirt 11ndxitp. I QR7 Prina 4.9 POLICY ISSUES: RESOURCE PROTECILO._N Issue: Soil Limitations Findings: Most of the major soil associations in Pasquotank County have limitations to development, the principal limitation to development being either a shallow depth to water table and high clay content. There are areas with pockets of soil that display characteristics different from that of the general soil association and these areas have been mapped. The principal limita- tion to residential development is of course septic tank suitability. Low soil strength and se- vere shrink swell characteristics pose limitations to road construction and light industries. Severe slopes in excess of 12% do not exist in the county to any appreciable degree. Previous 1981 Policy: " There are existing policies related to physical and man-made constraints to development. These are set forth in the County's subdivision regulations, Articles VII and VIU, and in the County's septic tank ordinance and flood plain ordinance. ... No other policies related to constraints to development are considered necessary at this time." Cama Land Development Plan Update for Pasquotank County, North Carolina, 1981, Ferren Planning Group, Greenville, NC. Current 1987 Policy: The county shall rely on existing regulatory instruments and processes to insure proper con- Z_@ ZD siderations of soil limitations to the intended development. Implementation Strategies: The county building inspector will enforce the provisions of the North Carolina Building Code concerning construction on soils with structural limitations. The Pasquotank County subdivision permitting process is based primarily on soil suitabil- Z@ ity. All proposed developments must receive favorable recommendations from the Pasquotank County Health Department before any permit shall be issued. The county shall require the subdivider to submit comments, recommendations, and re- quirements from the certifying officer of the Land Quality Section, Division of Land I Resources, as to proper sedimentation and erosion control.. Issue: Flood Plain Development Findings: Flooding is a potential problem in approximately 50% of the county according to the Flood Plain Bo'undary maps prepared by the Federal Emergency Management Agency. Flood plain areas essentialiy ring the county along the shores of thePasquotank and Little Rivers , the Albemarle Sound, and the extensive swamp areas in the northern and southern sections of the county. -Prmnuntxinfa. rx)untij f xind, 11@a Pfnn Unrfatv- I CIR7 Vang. 4Q Previous 1981 Policy: There are existing policies related to physical and man-made constraints to development. These are set forth in the County's subdivision regulations, Articles VII and VIII, and in the County's septic tank ordinance and flood plain ordinance. ... No other policies related to constraints to development are considered necessary at It this time." Cama Land Development Plan Update for Pasquotank County. North Carolina, 1981, Ferren Planning Group, Greenville, NC Current 1987 Policy: The county will insure that development in flood hazard areas meet the requirement of its flood plain ordinance. Implementation Strategies: Pasquotank County is participating in the regular phase of the Federal Flood Insurance Program. The required ordinance has been adopted and the standards are being enforced. CD Subdivision regulations shall require elevation monuments to be erected in all new subdivi- sions where no existing elevation monuments are nearer than 2500 feet in order to facilitate rD the determination of proper first floor elevations. Issue: Septic Tank Limitations Findings: Almost all General Soil Associationsin Pasquotank County are subject to either severe or very severe limitations to septic tank use. Limitations are due primarily to a high water table and to high clay content in the soils Previous 1981 Policy: There are existing policies related to physical and man-made constraints to development. These are set forth in the County's subdivision regulations, Articles VII and VIII, and in the County's septic tank ordinance and flood plain ordinance. No other policies related to con- straints to development are considered necessary at this time." Cama Land Development Plan Update for Pasquotank County, North Carolina, 1981, Ferren Planning Group, Greenville, NC. Current 1 987 Policy: The county shall continue to rely on the District Health Departments septic tank pern-iitting process to insure proper development in respect to septic tank limitations. Implementation Strategies: The installation of all septic systems shall require apern-iit fromthe County HealthOfficer, who shall investigate the proposed site and make assessments as to soil suitability, space requirements, construction requirements, and placement of the proposed system. The is- suance of final Plat approval shall require the compliance of all restrictions mandated by 'Pa-zmintixtil. rnunttj Entuf 11w. Pfrin Unriatg. I QR7 PaM7, S(1 the permitting officer. The county will work closely with the District Health Department, the Soil Conservation Service and other agricultural agencies to ensure the proper construction and placement of agricultural lagoons. Issue: Freshwater, Swarngs, & Marshes Findings: In Pasquotank County swamp and marsh cover 40% of the land area. These areas are important in that they help to slow erosion and provide filtering for contaminates and re- tainage basins for excess nutrients. These areas produce many organisms vital to the lower order of the food chain. While these areas are not likely to experience any major develop- ment pressures in the near future nor be the location for major residential development, they are frequently drained and cleared for agricultural uses. However, the new "Swamp Buster" regulations will severely limit any development of swamp lands for agricultural purposes. Previous 1981 Policy: " There are existing policies related to physical and man-made constraints to development. These are set forth in the County's subdivision regulations, Articles VII and VIH, and in the County's septic tank ordinance and flood plain ordinance. No other policies related to con- straints to development are considered necessary at this time." Caina Land Development Plan Update for Pasquotank County, North Carolina, 1981 Ferren Planning Group, Greenville, NC. Current 1987 Policy: It shall be the policy of Pasquotank County to preserve the integrity of the swamp's ecologi- cal function. Implementation Strategies: Wooded swamps shall be designated Conservation Areas on the Land Classification Map and their use restricted to the same as those permited in Areas of Environmental Concern. Issue: Cultural and Historical ReSQUrces Findings: The county recently participated in a grant program with the Division of Archives and History that inventoried historically significant structures throughout the county. This in- ventory has been completed and all information concerning has been sent to the Division of Archives and History in Raleigh. None of this information is available at the county. Previous 1981 Policy: None 'Pmqnu,nr.ri*-Lk. rnuntu fcind. 11qa Pfimn llnrfato. I q87 PrInp. SI Current 1987 Policy: The county will encourage the preservation of significant historical and cultural artifacts. However, the county shall not pledge any general financial support to such projects, and does not wish to establish any local regulatory controls on these artifacts. Issue: Manmade Hazards Findings: Primary manmade hazards and nuisances in Pasquotank County are the transportation net- work, heavy air traffic in the corridors near the U.S. Coast Guard Air Station, and storage facilities for fuel, fertilizers, chemicals, and grain. The transportation network and the air traffic near the Coast Guard Base presents the great- est hazard to life and limb. The county has no zoning ordinance and no controls governing the number, width, or spacina of points of egress and access from properties to the transportation system. The US Department of Transportation monitors and approves construction in the designated AICUZ (Air Installation Compatible Use Zone) adjacent to the Coast Guard Base. The City of Elizabeth City has zoning juristiction over these zones. The county has adopted height restrictions for muld-family residential structures of two-sto- ries or thirty-five feet, which ever is less, however, there are no height restrictions on any other types of development. Development restrictions may be required for all construction within 3,000 ft of the Coast Guard Station runways. Previous 1981 Policy: " To ensure safe operations of aircraft around the Coast Guard Base, the County will con- sider the preparation of minimum height and hazard standards." Cama Land Development Plan Upda te- for Pasquotank County, North Carolina, 1981 Ferren Planning Group, Greenville, NC. Current 1987 Policy: The County shah commission the preparation of a Zoning Ordinance for those portions of the county in greatest need of increased development control. Implementation Strategies: The county shall commission the preparation of a Zoning Ordinance to control development in the AICUZ Zones and other portions of the county Issue: ProteCtion of Potable Water SuDply Findings: Protection of potable water supplies is of critical concern in Pasquotank County. Fresh 'Pmqr3u,)tcxt&. Pmintu fAavtd 11@a Pfrxn Unrfimtv, I Q87 Prina '32 water supplies occupy a very narrow stratum of the watertable aquifer. Most wells over 50 feet in depth begin to draw salt water, making them unusable as a potable supply. The County established a county wide water system in 1981 to ensure availability of safe water to all residents; initial sign-up listed 3750 users. Since that time, over 1100 new users have been added to the system. Previous 1981 Policy: None. Current 1987 Policy: It is be the policy of Pasquotank County to protect the County's fresh water supply by strictly enforcing the lot size requirements of the State Department of Health on all develop- ments in the county. Implementation Strategies: The County subdivision regulations now require a minimum lot size of 15,000 and 20,000 square feet. Typically the soils in the county will require lots to be larger than these stated minimums. Issue: Stormwater Runoff -- Agricultural Development Findings: Nutrient loading of the surface waters of the Pasquotank and Little Rivers from storm water runoff from agriculture lands has generally not been a recognized problem in the county. No studies are available that describe the scope and extent of this problem are available. In general, the farmers in the county recognize the potential dangers to the surface waters in the area from the rapid loading of fertilizer enriched stormwater into the drainage basins of the county and to a great extent have initiated best management recommendations of the Soil Conservation Service Previous1981 Policy: None. Current 1987 Policy: It has always been the Policy of the Pasquotank County Board of Commissioners to en- courage use of the best management practices recommendations of the U.S. Soil Z@ Z.1) Conservation Service. Issue: Stormwater Runoff -- Residential Develol2ment Findings: Development in Pasquotank County is mostly scattered rural residential development on lots that generally average more than 25,000 square feet. Stormwater runoff from residential Prj_,r,r3iintxivda. rountij fxitiA. Ur-a Pfan Undimtv. I QR7 Prina SA uses is not a significant problem. Present subdivisions regulations require at least 15,000 square foot lots for areas with available public water and sewer, minimum lot sizes in areas with only public water available are 25,000. These large lot sizes should reduce the impact of storm water runoff. Previous 1981 Policy: None. Current 1987 Policy: Pasquotank County shall continue its policy of requiring, all proposed subdivision plats to be first inspected by the District Health Department and of perriiitting only those subdivisions where needed improvements receive Health Department approval. Issue: Industrial ImUact on Fragile Areas Findings: None of the major industries in Pasquotank County are located on areas that can be consid- ered fragile. The County presently controls two areas for industrial development. These ar- eas are on soils that are capable of supporting such development. Previous 1981 Policy: None. Current 1987 Policy: The county shall continue to support industrial development and shall proceed to make the needed improvements to properties it now owns to attract new industries. Implementation Strategies: The county will take what steps are necessary to ensure that industrial development does not severely damage fragile areas. Issue: DeveloUment of Sound and Estuarine System Islands Findings: Not an issue at this time. Previous Policy: None. Current 1987 Policy: None. rmintu Liiruf 1,Lqc,. Pfnvt Unriatc. 1927 Vnn@ RA I &% OrJVCL LUb I 1@4@PuTt @7Jd wz>Ti -pu-uj rr4-t4TtUj 'tjUMr4UTMj@>rJCL I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I m -- W POLICY ISSUES: RESOURCE PRODUCTION Issue: Productive A2ricultural Lands Findings: The 1982 Census of Agriculture reported that of Pasquotank County's approximately 188,000 acres, 73,500 acres were harvested cropland. Mostofthecounty is suitable for agricultural production. The best agricultural areas, according to the soil associations, oc- curs in the south central area of the county. The least suitable areas are those in the swamps and flood plains. Previous 1981 Policy: "It shall be the policy of Pasquotank County to include provisions in any future land use regulations for the protection of the County's 'active' agricultural land from indiscriminate development." Cama Land Develogment Plan Update for Pasquotank County, North Carolina, 1981 Ferren Planning Group, Greenville, NC. Current 1987 Policy: The county recognizes the danger of losing its best agricultural land to development. However, the county also recognizes the right of an individual to dispose of and to use his property as he desires. The county is considering developing a zoning ordinance to control development on these valuable lands. Issue: Commercial Forest Lands Findings: Roughly 42 % of the land in Pasquotank County is forest land. Most of this area is located in the swamp areas of the county. While a large percentage of the land is devoted to forest or wooded areas, only 20% of this wooded land is actually suitable for conventional forest production. The conversion of forested lands to agriculture production and the lack of re- forestation have reduced the total acreage of wooded lands in the county; however,the dominant land use in the county is still forest. Previous 1981 Policy: None. Current 1987 Policy: Pasquotank County will encourage reforestation of clear cut timber lands as a sound forest management practice. 1Jn_-_mjA-jtxx". rnt.L*ttu farLd, 11,za Pfixvt UnrfAarv. 1 QA7 rA n a Issue: Commercial and Recreational Fishing Findings: Commercial fishing has not been a significant factor in the Pasquotank County economy in the past. Not an issue. Previous 1981 Policy: None. Current 1987 Policy: None. Issue: Existing and Potential Mineral Production Findings: Approximately 17 to 25 million tons of moisture-free peat may be present in the county. This is according to the 1980 Annual Report on Peat Resources in North Carolina. Yet, regardless of the abundance of this resource, no mining activities are underway. Previous Policy: None. Current 1987 Policy: These peat deposits are located in the Dismal Swamp and therefore under federal control. This is not an issue at this time. Issue: Off- Road Recreational Vehicles Findings: Not an issue. Previous 1981 Policy: None. Current 1987 Policy: None. Pasquontank County Land Use Plan Update 1987 Page 57 Issue: Residential and Commercial Development Impact on Any Reqsource Findings: The most critical resources affected by new development are agricultural lands being taken out of production and converted to a new use, the increased demands on the water supply. Both of these resources are now in ample supply. This is not an issue at this time. Previous 1981 Policy: None. Current 1987 Policy: The county will rely on its existing regulatory tools and the peqnnitting activities of the vari- ous local state and federal agencies to prevent any harmful damage to its resources. Issue; Industrial Development Impact on Any Resource Findings: None Previous 1981 Policy: None. Current 1987 Policy: None Issue: Impact of Peat-or Phosphate Mining on Any Resource Findings: While peat deposits in the Dismal Swamp provide a potential marketable natural resource, the lands containing theses deposits are controlled by the federal government over which Pasquotank holds no jurisdiction. Previous 1981Policy: Not an Issue. Current 1987 Policy: Same as the 1981 Policy. Pasquotank County Land Use Plan Update 1987 Page 58 POLICY ISSUES: ECONOMIC AND COMIWNITY DEVELQENIENIT Issue: TvT)es and Location of Industries Desired Findings: For several years Pasquotank County and Elizabeth City have actively pursued and re- cruited industries to locate into the county. The construction and subsequent expansions of the county water system have made industrial development sites possible in most parts of the county. The county has purchased two tracts of land as sites for industrial development. With few exceptions, mostly agricultural operations and neighborhood commercial estab@- lishments, industrial development in Pasquotank County has occurred in or near Elizabeth City or the Coast Guard base, areas that are served by public sewer. Because of the ex- treme soil limitations, all industries requiring water in the manufacturing Process would have either to be located in close proximity to existing sewer lines or to provide its own sewage treatment and disposal. Industries requiring only limited sewage disposal can be located in other areas of the county, depending on soil conditions and appropriate and ap- proved sewage systems. Previous Policy: " The County recognizes that due to the availability of water and sewer utilities in and near Elizabeth City, the County supports efforts to locate new industries in those areas where fa- cilities are available. The County also supports industrial development in other areas of the County where water service and transportation access are available, and where limited sewage disposal is required." CAMA Land Development Plan Update for Pas(juotank County, North Carolina , 1981 Ferren Planning Group, Greenville, NC Current 1987 Policy: The County shall actively pursue the location and creation of new industries into Pasquotank County so long as such industries do not degrade the quality of life. Implementation Strategies: To continue to support the Elizabeth City/Pasquotank County Economic Development Authority. Issue: Local Commitment to Provide Services to Development Findings: Water service is the only public service operated by revenues generated through user fees. All other services provided by the County are available from general fund revenues to all county residents. rnuntij f imnd. IAqc,. 'P(nn Unclatp. I CIR7 Prina 'A Water service expansion will be dictated by economic feasability (ie., will user fees pay for expansion). Subdividers are required to install water lines at their own expense and dedi- cate these lines to the County. A 1984-1985 School Survey Report prepared by the NC Deparment of Public Instruction, Division of School Planning, for the Pasquotank County School System outlined an exten- sive program of demolition, renovation, and new construction to bring the county's school system up to minimum standards. Since the report was published, the county has lost one elementary school building by fire and two have been closed because of safety hazards. The county has begun a long-range, $13,000,000 construction and renovation program to up- grade usable structures and construct needed additional facilities. The siting of solid waste transfer sites has become a serious problem for the County. The County presently maintains thirty-one transfer sites but only owns two. This lack of site control poses a serious threat to existing service . Previous Policy: "At the present time decisions as to whether or not service [water service] can be provided to new developments will have to be made on a case by case basis. . ." CAMA Land Development Plan Update for Pasquotank County, NC,198].The Ferren Group, Greenville, NC. Current 1987 Policy: Pasquotank County is committed to providing the highest quality and the greatest quantity of public services that its revenues will allow. The County has initiated two major improve- ment projects that will take approximately 5 years to complete: a water system improve- ment program that will double the capacity of the present system and will require an invest- ment of more than a million dollars and a long-range education facility renovations and con- structions program costing more than $13,000,000. Issue: Types of Urban Growth Patterns Desired Findings: Pasquotank County residents generally prefer low density, single-family developments of conventional homes. I-ligh intensity commercial and industrial uses are preferred along major arterial roads and near available public sewer and water service. The construction of the County water service in 1981 and subsequent expansions of the system have made public water available to all areas of the County, thus making lower den- sity, single family subdivision development feasible in all sections of the county. Z:1 Previous Policy: "The County will consider the preparations of a zoning ordinance which would reflect the recommendations of this CAMA Plan Update, and which would specify the types, loca- tions, and densities of desired future growth." Cama Land Development Plan Update for Pasquotank County NC, 1981.,..-The Ferren Group, Greensvillel NC. 1PrL.,::rmx)tjm". rx)untu frind, 11qa 'PGXvL Undritv. I QR7 Pana fin Current 1987 Policy: Pasquotank County, following the policy recommendations of the 1981 CAMA Plan Update, initiated a planning study to develop a zoning ordinance for the County. Due to a ground swell of citizen protest acainst land use zoning the county decided not to pursue this ZD legislation. Due to recent developments in the county an as increased display of interest from various groups and individuals in the county , the County Conunissioners are once again considering the adoption of zoning controls over portions of the county. The County's current policy is to rely on its existing land development regulations and to commission the preparation of a zoning ordinance for identified areas of the county for consideration and possible adoption. Implementation Strategies: 1) A second building inspector has been hired to assist in the monitoring of existing regulations. 2) Update existing development regulations to improve control of developments. ZP 1 3) Amend existing regulations as needed to achieve specific public needs. 4) Cominission the preparation of a zoning ordinance for designated portions of the county for study and consideration. Issue: Redevelopment of Developed Areas Findings: There are a number of low-income neighborhoods in Pasquotank County where housing conditions and existing waste disposal systems do not meet the modem definitions of de- cent, safe, and sanitary housing. The County is committed to the redevelopment of these areas and shall continue to pursue financial assistance from the various state and federal agencies to improve living conditions in these areas. Presently there are five Housing Rehabilitation Programs active in the County: 1. Roanoke Avenue Revitalization, CDBG 2. South Martin Street Revitalization, CDBG 3. Region R Housing Preservation Program, FmHA 4. Sections 504 Housing Rehabilitation Program, FmHA 5. Weatherizations and Energy Conservation Program, E.I.C. Previous Policy: it ...the County considers it unnecessary to take a policy initiation onthisissue." Cama Land Development Plan Update for Pasguotank County NC. 1981, The Ferren Group, Greensville, NC. Cnuntu f xind, PfavL Unjintp. 1 QR7 prina fi I Current 1987 Policy: The County shall pursue financial assistance from state and federal agencies for the purpose of implementing its redevelopment plan for low income neighborhoods adjacent to the city limits of Elizabeth City. Two phases of this plan have been initiated. One is complete; the second is nearing completion. The County plans to request funds from the NC Division of Community Assistance for the Third Phase of this Program. Implementation Strategies: The County will attempt to identify the extent and location of substandard housing in the county and seek state and federal assistance as it deems necessary. The County will continue to enforce the NC Building Codes as a means to reduce the frequency of substandard hous- i n g. Issue: Commitment to State and Federal Pro2rams in the Area Findings: Pasquotank accepts financial and technical assistance from a variety of federal and state pro- grams. It would be impossible for the County to provide the quantity of services now avail- able to County residents without this financial assistance. Many of the programs are mandatory and must be implemented by the County. For non-mandatory programs, the County reserves the right to pick and choose the timing and the extent of its participation. Previous Policy: "It shall be the policy of the County to cooperate with state and federal agencies in the evalu- ation of proposed projects by such agencies which will impact the County and to advise said agencies of the County's position on these projects through the A-95 review process and/or the County Manager." Cama Land Development Plan Update for Pas(Zuotank County NC, 1981.,The Ferren Group, Greensville, NC. Current 1987 Policy: The County shall continue to participate in all state and federal programs which in the County's opinion will be of benefit to its residents. Implementation Strategies: Continue to support the NC Department of Transportation and intensify pressure to upgrade US 17, US 158, and NC 34. Issu e: Assistance to Channel Maintenance and Beach Nourishment Findings: Channel Maintenance is of great importance to many of the county's manufacturing and 'Prxqnuntxxrif2. rnurttu fxivLd. lbza T)fA-LrL 11n4sitv. I C187 Prina fi? shipping concerns as well as to its boating and fishing interests. The county is particularly concerned about the continued maintenance and operation of the Dismal Swamp Canal. Almost annually, the residents of Pasquotank and Camden Counties muster as much politi- cal pressure as possible to convince the US Army Corps of Engineers to continue to main- Z:) tain the Canal locks and to keep the channel clear and operational. Previous 1981 Policy: " It shall be the policy of the county to support beach nourishment and channel maintenance projects by state and federal agencies." Cama Land Development Plan Update fo Pasguotank County NC. 1981.The Ferren Group, Greensville, NC. Current 1987 Policy: It shall be the county's policy to lobby vigorously to keep the Dismal Swamp Canal open and functioning. Issue: EnerLyv Facility Sitim! and Development Findings: Pasquotank County considers the possibility of an energy facility site developing in the county to be very remote. Therefore, no policy on this issue is necessary. However, should this become an issue in the future, a policy will be developed at the appropriate time. Previous 1981 Policy: "This is not an issue." Cama Land Development Plan Update for Pasayotan County NC, 1981,The Ferren Group, Greensville, NC. Current 1987 Policy: None. Issue: Tourism-Waterfront, and Estuarine Access Findings: Pasquotank County does not control any points of access to any beach or waterfront area. However, there are several private access points and road ends controlled by the Department of Transportation. The Pasquotank County Planning Board has designated four such areas for possible development as public access areas. The four areas are located on or near road ends at Morgan's Comer, Possum Quarter Road, Brickhouse Road, and at Glen Cove. Tourism, at present, is not a major factor in the local economy. However, it is growing in significance and holds a great deal of potential. The County supports the construction of a tourist information center planned for construction along US 17 north of Elizabeth City. The planned tourist center site fronts both the highway and the Dismal Swamp Canal and I will provide regional tourism information to travellers using either the highway or the canal. Pm@zfminbitik rountu Lanrf. 11ca Watt 11nrfA-itv. I CIR7 13emp. fiA The City of Elizabeth City presents an attractive, picturesque setting that could be capital- ized on if an extensive downtown revitalization program can be successful . The County fully supports the City's efforts to improve its downtown waterfront and its attempt to have a new Bed and Breakfast Inn constructed on the waterfront. The City has a large Historic Preservation District where much renovation has already been accomplished and much is now underway. Previous 1981 Policy: None Current 1987 Policy: The County will seek to acquire the right of way, title, or easement of property that will provide public access to beach and wate@front areas. Implementation Strategies: The County will apply for a grant through the Division of Coastal Management to study the possibilities of public waterfront access and boat ramps in the county. Issue: Densitv and ocation of Anticipated Residential Develogment Findings: Development density in Pasquotank County essentially is controlled by Health Department Regulations governing septic tank installations. Generally speaking, the minimum lot size in the county is 15,000 square feet for lots served by public water and sewer and 20,000 square feet for lots on suitable soils served only by public water. These minimums are based on the general characteristics of soils in the county. Specific soil types and specific sites may require additional land area for proper operation of the septic systems. If additional land area is required for development, the lot size minimum almost doubles, requiring 40,000 square feet for provisionally suitable lands not served by either public sewer or water and to 25,000 square feet for those served by public water. Development trends and recent subdivision platting activity indicate that new growth will likely occur as a general expansion of the urban cluster of Elizabeth City, and along principal transportation corridors, particularly US 17 and NC 34. Previous 1981Policy: None. Current 1987 Policy: It shall be the policy of Pasquotank County to rely on existing local regulations and the per- C) mitting policies of the District Health Department to control residential densities. The county believes that it is appropriate at this time to reconsider locational controls,such as zoning, on development in specfic areas of the county. 1P(zqjr3i1.ntrzrLf2. Pnuntij farLd. Uqa VfrirL UnrfA-itv. 1Q87 Pnna 64 PUBLIC PARTICIPATION Public participation was an ongoing feature during the development of this plan. Eleven regularly scheduled monthly meetings were held before the Pasquotank County Planning Board at their reg- ularly scheduled board meetings. The public was notified prior to each meeting through notices in the local paper. Special meetings were held as different land use issues with a high degree of local a concern were realized. Special meetings were held concerning the effectiveness of the septic systems currently being use in the county that permits development on provisional soils. As a result of this discussion the County and the District Health Department are participating in a research effort being carried out by the N@ State Agricultural Extension Service and the Albemarle Commission that will test the effectiveness of this system and will develop alternative methods should they be required. A special public meeting was held to allow the Coast Guard to present there operational and capital improvement plans and to discuss what land use controls must be undertaken to control population density in the Approach and Crash Zones of their Air Facility. These discussions have led the county to reconsider the prospect of using zoning regulations as a possible development control. :M :D I Discussions of public service provisions led the planning board to recommend and have drafted re- visions to the County's Subdivision Regulations and to have developed a Solid Waste Collection Site Ordinance. These activities generated other public meetings where collection service providers and developers eagerly expressed their views. Concern over the responsiveness of the County's Emergency Services has led to the development of a 911 emergency communication network in co- operation with Camden County and the City of Elizabeth City, additional public meetings I Two advertised Joint Public Meetings with the County Board of Commissioners and the Planning Board were held to discuss the development of the planning document and the various issues that were emerging One Workshop was held early on in the planning process where representatives from the Division of Coastal Management presented an overview of the CAMA Planning Process and what the ex- pectations were in the planning process. Paqc2untA-inf2, rx)untij f xind. 11--a Pfan Unrfatv. 1 C127 Prinp. fiS STORM HAZARD MITTGATION, POST-DISASTER RECOVERY PLAN The purpose of this section is two fold: 1) to assist the county in managing development in those areas most likely to suffer damages from a severe storm or hurricane; and 2) to reduce the risk to life and property from future hurricanes. High winds, flooding, intense wave action, and coastline erosion are the four physical forces of a severe storm or hurricane that create threats to life and property. Flooding claims the most lives during severe storms or hurricanes; high winds cause the most property damage. Only by identify- ing those areas in the county most likely to suffer damage from any of these forces or combination of these forces can a community develop a meaningful storm mitigation plan. Mapping Hazard Area Vulnerability Assessment Identify Severity of Ri Identify Magnitude in Each Hazard Area in Each Hazard Area Inventory Land Assess Ev cuability Inventory Struct Identifyin g Mitigation Needs Reviewing Current Me Poor Coverage Poor Enforcement] Reviewing Alternative Measures Implementation Monitoring Using the planning scenario recommended in BEFORE THE STORM: Managing Development To Reduce Hurricane Damages, by McElyea, Brower,and Godschalk, the community can identify the areas most likely to sustain storm damages and make a vulnerability assessment of the identi- fied storm hazard area. The vulnerability assessment includes the severity and magnitude of risk in each storm hazard area. The followin- chart ta-ken from BEFORE THE STORM outlines the Pasquotank County Land Use Plan Update 1987 Page 66 procedure and the sequence of steps used in the storm hazard mitilgation process. Storm Hazard Area The following Composite Hazard Map indicates those areas in Pasquotarik County most likely to sustain damage from flooding and other water related hazards, such as wave action and shore ero- sion. The map is a composite of the flood hazard areas indicated on Slosh Maps prepared by NC Division of Emergency Management and of identified Areas of Environmental Concern located in the county. All of the county is assumed to be susceptible to wind damage, so this area is not mapped. Vulnerability Vulnerability of an area is measured by both the severity and magnitude of risk. The severity rank- ing is based on the number of physical forces likely to affect a particular identified storm hazard area. The rankings suggested by McElyea, Brower, and Godschdk is a scale from I to 4. Areas I t@t7 likely to receive damage from all four physical forces of a hurricane are ranked as 1; those receiving only wind damage are ranked as 4. The magnitude of risk is based on the population and the nurn- 1.7 0 ber and value of developed properties in the storm hazard areas. Severity of Risk The table below ranks the severity of risk associated with the identified storm hazard areas in the county and the physical forces affecting the different areas. Magnitude of Risk As the Risk Table below shows, severe storms and hurricanes most seriously affect the special flood hazard areas in the county. The boundaries of these designated areas have been officially designated by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMIA). @Pasquotank County is in the regular phase of the National Flood Insurance Program. The Federal Emergency Management Agency has prepared Flood Hazard Boundary Maps for Pasquotank County; these maps establish flood elevations for all sections of the county and are available from the County Building Inspector. RISK TABLE FOR HAZARD AREAS EXPOSURE TO DAMAGING FORCES HAZARD AREA SEVERITY WAVE HIGH RANK EROSION ACTION FLOODING WIND PUBLIC TRUST WATERS 4 + FLOOD HAZARD 3 AREA REST OF THE 4 COMMUNITY Exposure Level: (+) High, Moderate, (4) Low QR7 Princ. fi7 Estuarine Shoreline The Estuarine Shoreline would be the AEC that would suffer the most damage. This area is subject to dama-e from wind, flooding, and from wave action in those areas fronting the Sound. There is a substantial amount of recent residential development along the Pasquotank River. Most of this development is north of New Begun Creek and would be sheltered from severe damage from wave action. The main threat is hiah winds and flooding. Flood Hazard Area The special flood hazard areas designated by FEMA in Pasquotank County are the wooded swamps and marsh areas along the Pasquotank River and the bottom land surrounding the major creeks and streams in the county. These areas are essentially undeveloped except for an occasional abandoned agricultural building. Forests and forestry are the primary land uses and activities in these areas. Occasional flooding will not damage the forests and will cause only minor inconve- niencies or delay to most forestry activities. Public Trust Waters The Creeks and tributaries feeding into the Estuarine portion of the Pasquotank River and directly into the Albemarle Sound are the most likely Public Trust Waters to suffer severe damage. Flooding and high winds would inflict the greates damage. CD ID Rest of the Community High winds cause most of the property damage in Pasquotank County, simply because they affect ZP all properties. Damage is of two types: 1 ) direct wind damage, and 2) indirect wind damagefrom downed trees, wind-born debris, and downed utility lines. Wind damage potential increases almost exponentially as the number of mobile homes in the county increases. Evacuability The county has adopted an evacuation plan . The plan establishes various teams, their respon- sibilities and identifies team members and alternates. The Main evacuation routes are US 158, US 17, and NC 34. Nine predetermined shelter sites have been established and their staffing determined. Residents living south of New Begun Creek would need to begin evacuation early since the creek may flood the highway. PmqmLnt-xitiL. rni.LtLtu fxinA. 11@,a PfA-xvL Uncirttv. I qR7 pnnc. fiFt Policy Statement Issue: Miti2ation of Storm Dama!!e Findings: County areas affected by the various storm hazards are as follows: Hazard Area Affected High Wind Entire County Flooding 100-year Flood Hazard Area Public Trust Waters Erosion Shorelines of Public Trust Waters Flood Hazard Areas The greatest collective damage is from wind damage because the whole C, county is affected. Most seriously affected developed areas are those with property improvements in flood plains areas. Greatest risk potentials are the Flood Hazard Areas. Previous 1981 Policy: None Current 1987 Policy: It will be the policy of Pasquotank County to enforce all controls and regulations it deems necessary to mitigate the risk of severe storms and hurricanes to life and property. Implementation Strategies: 1) High Winds @5 Pasquotank County will follow and support the N.C. State Building Codes and their requirements regarding, design for high velocity winds. The County also supports requirements for mobile homes such as tie-downs that help reduce wind damage. Pasquotank County enforces construction and mobile home installation standards for 100-mph winds. 2) Flooding Pasquotank County will support the hazard mitigation elements of the National Flood Insurance Programs. Pasquotank County, which is in the regular phase of this program, supports regulations regarding elevation and flood-proofing of buildings and utilities. The county also supports CAMA and 404 Wetland Development Permit processes. 13m-_nu.ntat&. rnuntij fxiruf 11@a 13frin Undatc. I QR7 13rina fi.Cl _W 3) Wave Action and Shoreline Erosion These are not issues. Post Disaster Recovery Plan Pasquotank County proposes the following Disaster Recovery Plan as a general outline of the pro- Z@ cedures the County wiH follow in the event of a major disaster. The plan includes a timetable for carrying out recovery activities and a list of personnel who will be responsible for each component of the plan. PURPOSE: This plan has been developed to provide for an orderly and coordinated recovery and reconstruc- tion of areas of Pasquotank County suffering the effects of a major disaster. The underlying goals of this plan are to minimize the hardships to affected residents, to restore and initiate reconstruction in a timely manner, and to reduce or eliminate any bottlenecks in securing Federal or State Disaster Assistance. ORGANIZATION: The Board of County Commissioners will function as the Pasquotank County Recovery Task Force. The mission of the task force is to direct and control recovery activities and to formulate recovery policies as needed. SUPPORT TEAM: The County Commissioners will designate the following Recovery Support Team to assist in the implementation of this plan. The mission of the support team is to provide personnel and resources for the implementation of recovery activities as directed by the Recovery Task Force. SUPPORT TEAM COMPOSITION AND RESPONSIBILITIES: Pasquotank County Manager: To manage, control, and coordinate the efforts of the support team. Sheriff: To provide additional surveillance in the disaster area; to locate obstructions to traffic; and to advise the County Manager of the location of downed transmission lines, ruptured water lines, etc. Tax Supervisor: To provide and direct personnel in carrying out damage assessment; to prepare damage as- sessment reports for the Recovery Task Force; and to revise property records. Building Inspector: To assemble personnel and to conduct a survey of structural conditions in the disaster area; to coordinate actions with the Tax Supervisor, and to prepare structural damage reports and classifications of damages. Social Services Director: To provide personnel to assist in finding shelter for persons who are homeless; to assist ap- plicants in requesting aid from various state and federal agencies providing disaster relief. L`zn11X1tXXrLk, rr)1.L*'tt.1.J fnruT llza PfAM*L Uncirltv. 1 QR7 'Pel"C" 7n County Health Officer: To conduct damage assessment of on-site water supplies and sewage disposal systems; to prepare damage reports; and to make recommendations concerning restoration and reuse of on-site systems. Water Service Director: To conduct assessment of public utilities; to assemble personnel for clean up; and to orga- nize and direct the restoration of public utility service. Schedule of Activities Recovery activities will consist of two types: preplanned activities that can begin immediately or as soon as is reasonably possible after the storm has passed; and long-term, permanent reconstruc- tion activities that will be begun once the extent of the damage is known. IMMEDIATE ACTION: 1) Declare a moratorium on all repairs and development 2) Begin clean-up and debris removal 3) Coordinate the restoration and repair of electrical service to affected areas 4) Begin Emergency repairs of essential public facilities 5) Maintain additional surveillance and extra security measures in affected areas 6) Deploy assessment teams 7) Prepare assessment reports These immediate actions should be completed within ten days of the storm event. Longterm Reconstruction Actions 8) Evaluate, classify, and map damages 9) Review of moratorium decision 10) Establish priorities for public facilities repair 11) Submit damage report to State and Federal agencies 12) Notify affected property owners of damage classifications and required repairs 13) Lift moratorium on repairs not requiring pen-nits 14) Lift moratorium on sifing of replacement mobile homes 15) Lift moratorium on conforming structures requiring major repairs Pm<znuntank rnuntu f Aand llza Viin Undsitp. 1 AR7 Parw. 7 1 16)_ Assist affected property owners with damage reglistration and filing request for dis- aster relief 17) Negotiate with property owners needing improvements to on-site water and sewage ZP 0 systems 18) Lift moratorium on repairs and new development The duration of the reconstruction and recovery period will depend on the nature and extent of the storm damage. Repairs of minor structural damages should be able to commence within two weeks of the storm event. Damage Assessment As soon as possible after the storm the assessment teams will be deployed to measure the extent and nature of the damages and to classify structural damages to individual structures. T"he inspec- Z@ 0 tion teams will consist of the County Building Inspector, the County Health Officer, and the Direc- tor of the County Water System. Before any new construction will be permitted in or adjacent to any Area of Environmental Concern CAMA major and minor pernlit officers will be consulted. The assessment will not be detailed, but will provide an initial overview of the scope of storm damages, an inventory of affected properties, and preliminary assessments of the extent of damages to individual structures. Detailed inspections are being sacrificed in an effort to save time in begiriming, restoration activities and in securing disaster relief from various State and Federal Agencies offering financial assistance. Damage Classification Structural damages will be classified in the following manner: Destroyed - if estimated repair costs exceed 75% of assessed value Major Repairs - if estimated repair costs exceed 30% of assessed value Minor Repair - if estimated repair costs are less than 30% of assessed value Reconstruction Development Standards In general, all units requiring major repairs and all new construction shall comply with all devel- opment regulations in force at the time repair or new construction is initiated. This shall include compliance with all provisions of the building code governing construction in 100 mph wind ve- locity zones, all regulations concerning development in designated Special Flood Hazard Areas, and all Health Department Regulations regarding on-site septic systems. The lone exception to this general rule concerns the application of development restrictions on affected residential lots smaller than 15,000 square feet (the minimum lot size required by the County Health Department). Where structures on these substandard sized lots have been classified as either "destroyed" or requiring "Major Repair" as a result of the storm damage, the County shall make a determination concerning reconstruction and reuse with or without improvements to the on-site disposal system on a case basis. Development Moritoria 'Me immediate development moratoria will remain in effect until the assessment reports are completed and the scope and nature of the storm damage has been fully reviewed by the County Corriniission. The County Commission at that time may rescind or extend the duration of the moratoria based on their assessment of the situation. Such decisions of the Commission may affect all or any portion of the county. Pm-Qnuntzink rniLvLru f xittd. 11@a Pfxin Undarv. 1(187 Prina 72. C Pas COMF 0 tw 7 'ot' '@o All c-.0 0 C? The preparation of this map was financed in part through a grant provided by the North Carolina Coastal Management Program, through funds provided by the Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972, as amended, which is administered by the Office of Ocean and Coastal Resources Management, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Q t 'IV LEGEND @-A C 0 STORM DAMAGE HAZARD AREAS CATEGORY I STORM CATEGORY I I &III STORM LAND CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM AND LAND USE MAP: PASQUOTANK COUNTY Land Classification System The land classification system presented here provides the mechanism for implementing the county's development policies according to geographical areas of the county. The Pasquotank County land classification system is based on the standardized CAMA land classification system. Through this system, the the Pasquotank County Board of Commissioners have designated general geographical areas of the county for anticipated or permitted development densities, for permitted or anticipated services to support development, and for anticipated growth. The policy statements and implementation strategies stated in this plan are then applicable to areas of the county containing resources that have been identified for protection Z@ or development. The land classification system is not a regulatory instrument, but a general 4:1 application guide for the county's growth policy. It is the intent of the Pasquotank County Board of Commissioners to view the boundaries as flexible rather than intractible. The land use classification areas delineated on the Land Classification Map should be viewed as approximate and general whereby slight intrusions by developments pern-iitted in areas designated for greater development densities and more intensive infrastructure improvements into areas designated for lesser densities and minimal infrastructure improvements shall not be viewed as an amendment to the land classification map. The County is classifing a large portion of its area as transitional . The purpose for this classification is to permit developers to construct community waste disposable systems for their individual developments. This classification does not increase the allowable density in the area and does not mean that the County anticipates growth . Existing county development regulations now permit single-family densities in excess of the 500 units per square mile specified as a minimum for this classification. Due to the severe septic tank limitations of soils in the county the county commissioners feel that by permitting developers to construct community sewer systems housing may become more affordable and the threat of contamination to the county's groundwater reduced. Land Classification Map The land classification map provided here gives local governments and the general public a convenient reference for identifying those geographic areas of the county designated for speci- fied types, levels, and patterns of development. The approximate location of the land classification boundaries are indicated on the land classification map. These boundaries should not be construed as being definite. 0 Land Classification Districts The CAMA land classification system contains five broad development classes: developed, transitional, community, rural, and conservation.This system emphasizes the timing of devel- opment of growth rather than the establishment of severe use restrictions. Pnozounti-ink. rnunttj fartJ. 1,Lqc,. Pfan Unfiatv. 1 qR7 Pana 74 Developed: The purpose of the developed classification is "to providefor continued intensive development of existing cities" [NCAC 15: 7B .0204 (d)(1)(A)I. The regulations also establishes specific qualifying densities for . ZP. this district as well as specific land use characteristics. The only area in Pasquotank County meeting the regulatory I Zn description of this district is the incorporated town of Elizabeth City. The developed land classification, then, is composed only of the incorporated area of Elizabeth City. Permitted development is regulated by the Elizabeth City zoning ordinance. Transitional: The stated purpose of the transition class is "to provideforfu- ture intensive urban developments on lands that are suitable and that will be provided with necessary urban services." [NCAC 15: 7B .0204 (d) (2) (A) Transition lands generally lie along either side of US 17, US 158, and Main Street Extended thr`o@'ugh out the county extending approximately one mile on either side of US 17 and Main Street Extended, in the northern section of the county from a line one mile south and running parallel to SR 1001 and SR 1354 reaching northward to the County line, and forming a band of land encirciling the southern half of the county and extending approximately one-quarter mile to the inland side of the most obvious perimeter road shown on the land use classification map Community CAMA re-ulations define the community district as mixed use, low-intensity, clustered development generally associated with rural crossroads communities. In Pasquotank County, the areas designated as community are all existin- crossroads communities that exhibit clustering; this is essentially all land areas with more than three adjacent minimum-sized lots of record. The minimum lot size in the county is 15,000 square feet if served by public water and 20,000 square feet if an on-site water supply is used. The community of Weeksville and its environs located in the southern half of the county and totally surrounded by transitional lands as indicated on the Land Classification Map. Prmatintank rx)untu Land. 11@,a PfnrL Unrfatv. i QR7 Prjrw. T3 Rural Service: The stated purpose of the rural district is "to providefor agri- cultural, forestry, mineral extraction, and various low-intensity uses on large sites including low density dispersed residential uses. . ." [NCAC IS: 7B .0204 (d)(4)(A)I- The regulations indicate that development in theseareaswill use on-site water supplies and waste-water disposal systems. The County has made public water available to all of the county; therefore, the county has created a rural service sub-district to provide public water to the type development described in the CAMA rural classification. The rural service district covers most of the county. 'Me only area designated as Rural Service lies in the northern partion of the county in an area known as "the Desert" and composed of lands generally associate with the Great Dismal Swamp. Conservation: The stated purpose of the conservation class is "to providefor effective long-term management and protection of significant, limited, or irreplaceable areas" [NCAC 15: 7B .0204 (d) (5) (A) I In Pasquotank County, conservation areas include all areas of environmental concern desicrnated by CAMA and all 404 wetlands. All land uses that can be permitted under the existing CAMA re ulations and US Corps of Engineers 404 Wetlands 9 regulations are allowed in the conservation district. Pasquotank County Land Use Plan Update 1987 Page 76 ......... . ..... . ....... .. . ......... LAND z .1. . .......... 7 ? 7 q, t PASQ . ..... ... ............ ........... ............. .... .... .... .... ..... .... N- L LEGEND A N, Developed Transition Community ............ ............. ............ Rural Service Conservatiort 'Me preparation of this Map was financed in part through a grant provided by the North Carolina Coastal Management Program, through funds provided by the Coastal Zone by the Office of Ocean and Management Act of 1972, as amended, which is administered Costal Resource Management. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. I a W_ RELATIONSW BETWEEN LOCAL POLIGES AND LAND CLASSWICATION AR policies developed during this planning process and formally stated in this document have con- sistently emphasized the County's intent of relying on existing local development regulations and on the various state and federal agencies with jurisdiction. The land classification system provided in this document makes no restrictions on land use. Any development is permitted on any site if such development complies with existing local regula- tions and with the various permit requirements of the state and federal agencies with jurisdic- tion. Inter-Governmental Coordination Pasquotank County has designated areas adjacent to Elizabeth City as transitional lands. Much of this area is composed of the extra-te'rritorial jurisdiction of Elizabeth City. This designation gener- ally reflects the land use plan prepared last by Elizabeth City. Growth trends indicate that this area wiH receive a large portion of the new development expected to occur the five year planning period. Any development densities greater than one dwelling unit per 20,000 square feet will have to occur in these areas and is almost completely contin gent of the City's sewer expansion plans. fjxnd llqc,. Pfjmrt Prjxw. 7R w I I I @ I I I I I I I I I I I I c , I I I I I 3 6668 14101 2544 I