    [From the U.S. Government Printing Office, www.gpo.gov]

                 HAVELOCK

                                          LAND USE PLAN UPDATE 1986
                                      CITY OF HAVELOCK, NORTH CAROLINA            WR      1987

                                               Adopted by the
                                       Havelock Board of Commissioners

                                              December 8, 1986

                                              Certified by the
                                 North Carolina Coastal Resources Commission

                                              January 23, 1987

                                                 Prepared by
                                           Clark Planning Services
                                     Robert E. Clark, Principal Planner
                                                Kinston, N.C.
                                                                            COASTAL Z01\7r@
                                                                        INFORMATION CENTER

                       The preparation of the report was financed
                       in part, through a grant provided by the
                       North Carolina Coastal Management Program,
                       through funds provided by the Coastal Zone
                       Man agement Ac,i of 1972, as amended, which
                       is administer6d by the Office of Ocean and
                       Coa8tal Resource Management, National Oceanic
             HD        an&.Atmospheric Administration.
             211
             .H38
             H382
             1987

                                           Property of COC Library

                                             LAND USE PLAN UPDATE 1986
                                         CITY OF HAVELOCK, NORTH CAROLINA

                                              BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS

                                              Thomas F. Mylett, Mayor

                           Mrs. Eva G. Sermons                          Henry H. Witten
                           Lee K. Allen                                 Richard G. Rice. Jr.
                                                 Jimmy A. Sanders

                                          H. Ralph Kennedy,.City Manager

                                                  PLANNING BOARD

                                               James Elder, Chairman

                           Al Aylward, Vice Chairman                    J. B. Pierce
                           George Bryant                                Sue Wolbert
                           Clifford B. Noe                              *Ronnie Olkowski
                           Jack Adam                                    *William B. Giddings
                           Donald Beaver                                *John Gillespie
                           Grady Friday                                  *former members
                           James H. Beasley
                                       U . S . DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE NOA@
                                       COASTAL SERVICES CENTER
                                       2234 SOUTH HOBSON AVENUE
                                       CHARLESTON V SC 29405-24 '13

                                               CLARK PLANNING SERVICES
                                                 I 100 N. Pollock Street - Kinston, N.C. 28501
                                                   Phone (919) 523-7108

                                                                            7

                                                         TABLE OF CONTENTS                   Page

                         EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

                         CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
                             ... Purpose of Study
                             ... The Study Area                                                2
                             ... Introduction                                                  3
                             ...Citizen Participation                                          3

                         CHAPTER II ANALYSIS OF CHANGE
                             ... Population                                                    8
                             ...Impact of Seasonal Population                                 10
                             ... Economy                                                      10
                             ... Existing Land Use                                            .13
                             ... Current Plans, Policies, and    Regulations                  22
                             ... Significant Land Use Compatibility Problems                  27
                             ... Problems form Unplanned Development                          30
                             ... Areas Experiencing or Likely to Experience
                                Land Use Changes                                              31

                         CHAPTER III CONSTRAINTS TO DEVELOPMENT                               32
                             ... Introduction                                                 32
                             ...Water System                                                  36
                             ... Sanitary sewer                                               40
                             ... Education                                                    42

                         CHAPTER IV ESTIMATED GROWTH DEMAND                                   43
                             ... Introduction                                                 43
                             ... Population Growth                                            43
                             ... Impact of Community Development                              47

                         CHAPTER V DEVELOPMENT ISSUES AND POLICY STATEMENTS                   51
                             ... Introduction                                                 51
                             ... Resource Protection Policies                                 57
                             ...... Areas of Environmental Concern                            57
                             ...... Coastal Wetlands                                          57
                             ...... Estuarine Waters                                          59
                             ...... Public Trust Areas                                        60
                             ...... Estuarine Shorelines                                      62
                             ...... Ocean Hazard Areas                                        64
                             ...... Public Water Supply Categories                            64
                             ...... General                                                   66
                             ...... Constraints to Development                                66

                             ... Resource Production and Management                           69
                             ...... Recreation
                             ...... Productive Agricultural Lands                             70
                             ...... Forestry                                                  70

                                                              a

                                                            TABLE OF CONTENTS Continued

                                                                                                   Page

                               ...... Mining                                                         71
                               ...... Commercial Fishing                                             71
                               ...... Off-Road Vehicles                                              71

                               ... Economic and Community Development Policies                       72
                               ...... Moderate Urban Growth Desired                                  72
                               ...... Commitment to Providing Services to Development                72
                               ...... Redevelopment Policies                                         73
                               ...... Commitment to State & Federal Programs                         73
                               ...... Assistance to Channel Maintenance
                                         and Beach Nurishment                                        73
                               ...... Energy Facility Siting and Development                         74
                               ...... Tourism, Beach, and Waterfront Access                          74
                               ...... Strip Commercial Development                                   74

                               ... Storm Hazard Mitigation, Post Disaster Recovery,
                                        and Evacuation Plans                                         75
                               ...... Storm Hazard Mitigation Plan                                   76
                               ....... Post Disaster Recovery                                        80

                          CHAPTER VI LAND CLASSIFICATION                                             84
                               ... Introduction                                                      84
                               ... Land Classifications                                              84

                          REFERENCES                                                                 88

                          APPENDIX                                                                  a-1

                          TABLES
                               I... Population Trend.s--Havelock, MCAS Cherry
                                  Point, Township 6, and Craven County 1940-1985                      9
                               2... Annexation History 1975-85                                       10
                               3...MCAS Cherry Point, Military & Civilian Population
                                  1979 and 1985                                                      11
                               4 ... Local & Regional NARF   Q-MCAS Cherry Point Off-Station
                                  Civilian Populat    ion Commuting Patterns, June 1986              11
                               5....Existing Housing Types in Havelock and Extra-
                                  territorial Jurisdiction, January 1986.                            12
                               6... Total Value of Residential and Non-Residential
                                  Construction, Havelock, N.C. 1982-May 1986                         13
                               7... Existing Land Use in Havelock and its Planning
                                  Area--January 1986                                                 14
                               8... Housing Tr ends by Neighborhood Study Areas
                                  1962, 1974, & 1986 (Less MCAS Cherry Point
                                  and Off-Station Military Housing)                                  16

                                                                   b

                           TABLES con't
                                9... Housing Trends 1962, 1974, & 1986, Havelock, N.C.          18
                              10 ... Havelock Residential Building Activity 1982-1985           19
                              11 ... Growth in Water and Sewer Services, 1975 and 1985          36
                              12 ... Havelock Water Distribution                                37
                              13 ... Water Tap Fees                                             38
                              14 ... Water/Sewer System User Trends 1985-86                     39
                              15 ... Sewer Tap Fees                                             41
                              16 ... Havelock Area School Enrollments                           42
                              17 ... Population Projections, Havelock, Twp. 6,
                                    and Craven County 1985-95                                   44
                              18 ... MCAS Cherry Point Military Housing Projections
                                    for 1986-2000                                               45
                              19 ... Projections of 1995 Acreages by Land Use in
                                    Havelock and its Planning Area                              48
                              20 ... Available Platted Lots or Approved Lots, Units,
                                    and Spaces by Housing Types in Havelock and
                                    its Extraterritorial Area, January 1986                     49
                              21 ... Changing Issues and Actions Taken or Pending
                                    to Address Them                                             52
                              22 ... Structures Effected by Flood Hazards, Havelock, N.C.       77
                              23 ... Structures in Hazard Areas Effected by
                                    Major Hurricanes, Havelock, N.C.                            79

                             FIGURES
                                    1... Percentage of Housing Stock by Type in
                                      Havelock and the Extraterritorial Area       1962,
                                      1974, and 1986                                            17
                                    2... Population Trends & Projections, Havelock, N.C.        46

                             MAPS

                                    I... Location of Havelock to the Region                       2
                                    2... Havelock Planning Area                        follows    3
                                    3... Neighborhood Study Areas                      follows  15

                                                                        appended to the text
                                    A-1 ... Existing,Land Use, January 1986
                                    A-2 ... Constraints to Development
                                    A-3 ... Land Classification, 1986

                                                             c

                       EXECUTIVE SUMMARY   HAVELOCK LAND USE PLAN,UPDATE 1986

                       Introduction

                            This planning document is a comprehensive update of Havelock's 1981
                       and 1976 Land Use Plans that were also prepared in accordance with the
                       North Carolina Coastal Area Management Act of 1974 and the Act's planning
                       guidelines. The guidelines have been revised somewhat since 1981, re-
                       quiring local governments to address more thoroughly local policies
                       effecting water quality and hurricane damage prevention. In addition, the
                       plan presents an analysis of changes-in the man made and natural environ-
                       ment occuring during the last five.years, addressing significant changes
                       in plans, policies, and regulations effecting the community now. Pro-
                       jections of desired and expected changes in the City are made in light of
                       locally adopted growth management policies.

                       Highlights of Major Changes

                            There were few major policy changes needed in this plan update.
                       However, a great deal of change has occured in Havelock during the last
                       five years. This is reflected in the following list of the more
                       significant changes that were examined in preparation of this update;
                       changes that may continue influencing Havelock for many more years.

                       1.   The FederalEmergency Management Agency published detailed flood
                            mapping and the City prepares to adopt a local ordinance so that
                            flood insurance can continue to@be offered to Havelock.

                       2.   The City funds Phase1- Water System Improvements to meet current
                            needs and better meet increasingly higher demands for new development
                            service.

                       3.   The City funds Phase I   Sewer Improvements in order to increase
                            treatment capacity to keep pace with development service'demands.

                       4.   The Air-Installations Compatible Use Zone Study for MCAS Cherry
                            Point is updated and amended reducing high level noise impacted
                            residential areas. The City accepts noise factors but does not
                            adopt recommended accident potential zone recommendations.

                       5..  The City amends Water/Sewer Rates to place more emphasis on creating
                            fund balances to.help raise monies for needed systems improvements.

                       6.   The City amends Water/Sewer Tap Fees upward, better reflecting true
                            costs created by new development for systems operation, maintenance,
                            reserve capacity, and future improvement needs.

                       7.  The City extended its extraterritorial jurisdiction, increasing the
                           area under City zoning, subdivision, and related land use controls.

                                                           i

                        8.   Priority for the Havelock By-Pass slips by five years.   *The 1986
                             Department of Transportation TIP schedules right-of-way acquisition
                             for 1995.

                        9.  Croatan National Forest 2005 - Management Plan is published, clearly
                            indicating the forest management; recreational policies in effect for
                            Havelock's major neighboring land use.

                      10.   There is a sharp increase in Townhouse/Condominimum development, moving
                            from 11 to 19% of all housing stock. If these trends continue, re-
                            sidential development may not have to spread out as much as it would
                            if single-family housing were to continue dominating the market.

                      11.   The good health and increased mission of MCAS Cherry Point is reflected
                            in increased local development. The previous plan was prepare under a
                            period of stable but reduced military activity at Cherry Point.

                       .12. Havelock's Community Appearance Commission becomes active and people
                            seem to be more aware of how good community asthetics positively
                            effect quality of life.

                      13.   Craven County Tourism Development Authority is created and the
                            potential for increased tourism business related to MCAS Cherry
                            Point and the Croatan National Forest is recognized.

                      14.   Recreation improvements increase sharply as a result of City's Sub-
                            division Ordinance Provisions for land dedication or  fee in lieu of
                            dedication.,

                      15.   The City commissioned the Preliminary Engineering Report on the Mc-
                            Cotter Drainage Basin, which is published in October 1984. It re-
                            commends a major drainage plan.for East Havelock to help solve serious
                            local flooding problems.

                      .16.  Increased public awareness of drainage problems caused by new deve-
                            lopment could translate to support for funding major drainage pr6grams
                            and adoption of developer impact fees.

                      17.   Sedimentation/Erosion Control Ordinance enforcement authority is taken
                            back by theVorth Carolina Department of Natural Resources and Comm-
                            unity Development over enforcement questions raised concerning the
                            Woodhaven Street extension across Joe's Branch.

                      Population, Economy,  and Land Use Change@j

                            The last detailed land use and development analysis for Havelock was
                      presented in the 1976 CAMA Plan. Because of the substantial community
                      growth experienced during the last five years, this plan update includes
                      a completely updated examination of land use changes and accompanying
                      large scale mapping.

                             Population.     Havelock's population was estimated at 21,600-11 in 1985,
                        up 3,882 over the 1980 Census figure of 17,718. The non-MCAS Cherry Point
                        portion of this increase was 3,673 which translates into an average annual
                        increase of 735 people. The total off-@station Havelock population increased
                        from 4,627 to 8,300 in five years. By the year 1995, if the City can continue
                        providing needed water.. sewer, and other basic public services to keep pace
                        with demand, population is expected to reach 13,800. Therefore, the plan update
                        afforded an opportunity for a reexamination of growth management policies and
                        utilities services capacities to sustain a projected ten year addition of 5,500
                        more people and projected conversion of 1,167 acres of undeveloped land into
                        various land use categories.

                             Economy.     Havelock's economic well-being continues to   depend on the
                        continued stability of employment, both military and civilian, at the Cherry
                        Point Air Station and the Naval Air Re-work Facility (NARF). Military payroll
                        for 1985, at Cherry Point was over 300 million dollars. Civilian payroll
                        added another 147 million to the area's economy.- Of 5,779 civilians working
                        on-station, 957 reside in Havelock. Although it is difficult to project, the
                        near future outlook for Cherry Point seems very stable with probably some
                        increase in its mission given the emphasis placed on a strong national military
                        posture.

                             Nearly all of the rest of Havelock's principally service and construction
                        industry with over 500 local business enterprises is in good condition and
                        growing.

                             Land Use.     In Havelock and its.planning area, between 1976 and 1986,
                        nearly 1,000 acres (one and two-thirds square miles) of land area has been
                        converted from forest and field into streets, houses, new businesses, active
                        recreation lands, and other land uses associated with a growing suburban
                        community.

                             The January 1986, land use survey revealed 3,652 housing units in
                        Havelock and its planning area, finding 1,626 more than were in place in 1974.
                        The survey also found that 19 percent of Havelock's housing was in townhomes,
                        apartments, and condominiums, up from 13 percent in 1974, but that single-
                        family detached houses on individual lotsarestill preferred by most buyers
                        with 65 percent of all housing being of this style. Finally, the survey
                        found 591      mobile homes, 46 more than 1974, but comprising only 16
                        percent of all units, down from 27 percent in 1974.

                             Development of retail and other service industry businesses has also
                        been brisk. The four and a half mile long "downtown" commercial strip along
                        U.S. Highway 70 is filling in rapidly. During the past twelve years the
                        number of establishments has more than doubled to over 500. The last six
                        years has seen the building of East Plaza, Westbrook Shopping Center, Cherry
                        Plaza and others@along with two motels and a third now under construction.
                        By the year 1995'i another 121 acres of land will be needed for commercial
                        land use activities. Because vacant frontage along U.S. 70'is dwindling
                        redevelopment of marginal older businesses sites with more efficient site

                        1/ N. C. Office of Management and Budget population estimate including
                          annexations through July 1, 1984.

                                                           iii

                      useage is expected to occur. In addition, some neighborhood service business
                      is expected to occur in the NC 101 and McCotter Boulevard vicinity.

                      Constraints To Development

                           Havelock still has significant natural and man-made contraints to
                      its continued expansion.   Although for the ten-year planning period
                      adequate room is available within the planning area to accomodate the
                      anticipated need for 1,167 acres of new development space, the City
                      is faced with longer term growth restrictions that must be planned for.

                           The major constraints are virtually unchanged from those described
                      in earlier plans; they are: 1) high ground water table and poorly drained
                      soils, 2) limiting bounds of Croatan Natural Forest, 3) MCAS Cherry Point
                      lands, 4) the high noise and accident potential zones depicted in the Air
                      Installations compatible Use Zone (AICUZ) program, and 5) sensitive natural
                      lands generally within the 100-year flood plains of area creeks.

                           This plan update has provided a more accurate mapping of two of these
                      constraints, inorder to provid e better information for local land use
                      planning, there are: (1) the 100 year-flood plains and floodways of Slocum
                      and Hancock Creek are now'shown reflecting 1985, Flood Insurance Rate Maps
                      and Floodway Boundary Maps published by the Federal Emergency Management
                      Agency and U.S. Army Corps of'Engineers; (2) secondly, the 1981 Updated
                      Air Installations Compatible Use Zone study's delimited high hazard noise
                      and accident potential zones have*been added to the map. Both of these
                      mappings were also used in preparation of the Land Classification Map
                      update, thereby more clearly showing which sensitive areas will be better
                      protected from new development.

                      Public Participation in Policy Development

                           Included in the plan update was an extensive community attitude survey
                      of residents concerns and awareness of community services, environmental
                      issues, and development issues. This survey occurred ten years following
                      Havelock's first CAMA Plan preparation when a nearly identical survey of
                      the communities residents was undertaken. Comparisons of the highly
                      publicized second survey with the first one was a major plus in focusing
                      the attentionof the City Planning Board and City Commissioners on eval-
                      uating past performance in addressing local land use issues. These
                      issues were closely examined in developing the ten year plan. This up-
                      date was especially important to these boards because only one Planning
                      Board member and the Mayor from the current administration had been in-
                      volved with developing the first plan and there was little local satis-
                      faction nor use of the update that was prepared and adopted in 1981.

                           The plan update was- @prepared by the planner working closely with
                      the Planning Board and City staff and with input from the Craven County
                      Planning Director, MCAS Cherry PO'int officials, Craven County Emergency
                      Preparedness Coordinator, National Forest Service, the Chamber of Commerce
                      and numerous other local, state, and federal agencies.

                                                          iv

                       Policies and Growth Management Decisions for the Next Ten Years

                            Regarding the number one local issue of public concern --- poor
                       drainage --- there was a great deal of debate. Local officials are ex-
                       pected to consider during the next five years a combination of assessment
                       tax districts and developer impact fees for making system-wide drainage
                       improvements in the McCotter Canal and East Prong of Slocum Creek drainage
                       basins. Monies from these sources could theLl be used to help finance
                       improved drainage of large sections of East Havelock that experience very
                       serious'localized flooding during heavy rain storms. The preliminary
                       drainage plan recommending these improvements was published in October 1984,
                       how implementing that plan would effect pollution of Slocum and Hancock
                       Creeks was not evaluated in this plan update. However, related to the
                       draining issue in East Havelock, this plan proposes with the exception of
                       limited potential commercial development along U.S. 70 between Havelock
                       and the proposed U.S. 70 bypass, to stop development at the McCotter Canal
                       and the Croatan National Forest boundary. If substantial development does
                       occur east of McCotter Canal, a twenty-fold increase in storm-water runoff
                       rates-would be expected over current levels.

                            Land Use Controls.    The Havelock Board of Commissioners and Planning
                       Board will continue to use the City's existing zoning and sub-division re-
                       gulationsto manage development within the City's jurisdiction. No major
                       changes in basic zoning regulations or patterns are projected, nor con-
                       sidered necessary during the ten year planning period. Two zoning topics
                       were addressed during the preparation of this plan that will effect local
                       development policy and environmental issues. Firstly, the City adopted a
                       reduction by one-third its requirements for paved off-street parking space
                       in non-residential development. This will provide a long term reduction
                       in required undeveloped land conversion and reduce storm-water runoff.
                       Secondly, local officials are exprected to adopt and enforce flood plain
                       zoning regulations later this year.

                            Hurricane Storm Hazards.    The policies addressing the hurricane
                       storm hazard mitigation and post disaster recovery issue were addressed
                       in the 1981 Plan. However, this  update endorses policies addressed in the
                       Craven County Hurricane Evacuation Mitigation and Post-Disaster Reconstruction
                       Plan prepared by George Eichler & Associates, Inc. June 1984, as it pertains
                       to Township 6 and Havelock.  Furthermore,, as mentioned, the City intends to
                       adopt a Flood Plain Zoning Ordinance in late 1986. Thereafter enforcing con-
                       struction/permit regulations under the FEMA Regular Insurance Program. Be-
                       cause of Havelock's limited water front exposure, these regulations will be
                       a major part of the City's post disaster re-building policy. Flood proofing
                       or elevationof non-residential construction and elevation of residential
                       construction above the 100-year flood levels, plus restrictions on filling
                       or development in floodways will provide a significantly higher level of
                       protection of properties subject to flooding or destruction during a
                       hurricane disaster. The other important aspect of this policy is to continue
                       working with the Craven County Emergency Management Office and Cherry Point
                       in coordinating disaster preparedness,.emergency operations, and post disaster
                       recovery.

                                                           v

                   Major Land Classification Changes

                        At least four events necessitated changes in the City's Land
                   Classification Map adopted in 1981. These were: (1) substantial residential
                   growth,. occuring   with annexation of nearly a square mile of developing
                   lands, (2) extension of the City's extraterritorial limits to include lands
                   previously covered under the Craven County CAMA Plan (1982 update),
                   (3) publication of accurate flood plain information which has influenced
                   accurate Conservation Class mapping of wetlands and waterways, and
                   (4) publication of the 2005 Croatan National Forest Management Plan.

                        Developed class.     There is an increase of 631 acres in the developed
                   classification resulting from expansionof city water and sewer services
                   associated largely with developer petitioned annexations.

                        Transition class.     Approximately 2,000 acres of land was added to the
                   City's planning jurisdiction in 1982,by the extension of the City's extra-
                   territorial jurisdiction. Also, five (5) sub-categories of the transition
                   classification have been' defined and mapped to better reflect projected
                   de,velopment types and densities and planned utility service extensions with
                   future annexations. These sub-classes include: (1) R-L Residential low
                   density with average lot sizes above 15,000 square feet; (2) R-M Residential
                   with lot sizes averaging 10,000-15,000 square feet, (3) R-M-H Residential
                   with average lot sizes from 5,000-10,000 square feet, (4) C-C Commercial
                   Cluster, and (5) L-I, Light Industrial.

                        Rural class.     With the expansion of developed and transition lands there
                   is a much reduced projection for needed rural classification..

                        Community class.     There were no community classifications shown in either
                   the earlier plan or this update.

                        Conservation class.     One major change in the conservation classification
                   category resulted from more accurate mapping of the 100-year flood plain.
                   Secondly, approximately 1,300 acres of Croatan National Forest was added to
                   the conservation classification and removed from the rural classification.

                   Summary

                        In conclusion, this plan update reflects local desires for continuing
                   Havelock's progress in growth with concern for protecting the natural and man-
                   made environment. The policies, plans and regulations currently in place and those
                   under consideration as implementation strategies provide adequate protection of
                   Areas of Environmental Concern. Finally, examples of policies and implementation
                   strategies that will further the goal of contributing to the environmental
                   integrityof coastal lands included in this plan that-were not previously adopted
                   are: I)change of approximately 1,000 acres of Croatan National Forest located
                   within Havelock's extraterritorial area into the conservation from the rural
                   land classification category, 2) proposed adoption of a Flood Plain Zoning
                   Ordinance in conformance with the Federal Emergency Management Agency's
                   regular insurance program, 3)adoption of an amendment to the City's zoning

                                                       vi

                       ordinance requiring one-third less paved parking for commercial land use
                       development, which will reduce stormwater runoff intensity, 4)improved
                       access to the estuarine waters of Slocum Creek and a preliminary greenway/
                       trail plan strategy, and finally 5)encouraging new development in Western
                       Havelock where fewer problems occur from high ground water tables and poor
                       surface drainage.

                                                         vii

                       CHAPTER I

                       INTRODUCTION

                                                       PURPOSE OF STUDY

                             The City of Havelock prepared a Land Use Plan in 1976 and updated it in
                       1981 in response to the Coastal Area Management Act, passed by the North
                       Carolina Legislature in 1974. The purpose and intent of the act is best
                       described in Section .0101"Introduction to Land Use Planning" Subchapter
                       7B    Land Use Planning Guidelines (as amended 06/17/85):
                             .0101 Introduction
                             (a)      The Coastal Area Management Act of 1974 establishes a
                                      cooperative program of coastal area management between
                                      local governments and the state. Land use planning lies
                                      at the center of local government's involvement, as it
                                      gives the local leaders an opportunity and responsibility
                                      to establish and enforce policies to guide the development
                                      of their community.
                             (b)      The purpose of these state guidelines is to assist local
                                      governments in  each of the 20 coastal counties with the
                                      preparation of  their own individual land use plans. Each
                                      county and the  municipalities within the coastal counties
                                      are encouraged  to develop a plan which reflects the desires,
                                      needs and best  judgement of its citizens. The land use
                                      plans prepared  under these guidelines, when considered
                                      together, form  the basis for "a comprehensive plan for the
                                      protection, preservation, orderly-development and management
                                      of the coastal area of North Carolina," which is the primary
                                      objective of the Coastal Area Management ACt of 1974.

                             Further  in the guidelines in Section .0201 (c), the heart of why
                       North Carolina communities and counties need to prepare land use plans
                       is described.
                             .0201    Introduction
                             (c)      Local governments, through the land use planning process,
                                      address issues and adopt policies that guide the development
                                      of their community. Many decisions affecting development are
                                      made by other levels of government, and local policies must
                                      take Account of and coincide with established state and
                                      federal policies. Most decisions,.however, are primarily of
                                      local concern. By carefully and explicitly addressing these
                                      issues, other levels of government will follow local policies
                                      that deal with these issues. Policies which consider the type
                                      of development to be encouraged, the density and patterns of
                                      development, and the methods of providing beach access are
                                      examples of these local policy decisions.

                                                               1

                        More significant even that the "requirement" that communities prepare
                   Land Use Plan every five years is the uses that are made of the local plans
                   once they have been completed. In the publication, The Impact of State
                   Re@ulation of Coastal Land in North Carolina, prepared by Charles D. Liner
                   of the Institute of Government at Chapel Hill, he noted the impact of local
                   land use plans on state and federal decisions:

                        ...Land-use plans have a potential effect  on (local) land use because:
                        (a)     CAMA Permits may not be issued for development that is
                                inconsistent with land-use plans (since CAMA permits are
                                required only in AECs, this effect is limited to land
                                within AECs).
                        (b)     Local ordinances-and regulations that  apply to AECs must
                                be consistent with the land-use plan;  local ordinances and
                                regulations affecting land outside AECs are subject to
                                review by the Coastal Resources Commission, which is
                                authorized to recommend modifications to the local government.
                                Federal actions involving grants, licenses, permits, and
                        (c)
                                development projects must be consistent with local land-
                                use plans, as required by Section 307 of the FCZMA.
                        (d)     In accordance with the Governor's Executive Order Number 15,
                                certain state agency actions and policies must be consistent
                                with land-use plans;

                                                  THE STUDY AREA

                         The City of Havelock is Coastal (as shown in Map 1) near the south-
                    eastern edge of Craven County and within the southeastern Coastal plain
                    of No rth Carolina.

                                                                                 Vancebora

                                                                      CRAVEN     Now Berne
                                                                      COUNTY

                    HAVELOCK
                                                                                      Havefink

                    Map I . . . . Location of Havelock to,the Region

                                                         2

                            Previously described in the first two CAMA Plans for Havelock, the
                       City has two "planning areas". Both include the City of Havelock plus
                       lands lying beyond the corporate limits. Map 2 shows these planning areas.

                            One of them is unchanged since preparation of the earlier.CAMA Plans.
                       It is the 10.09 square miles of land included in,the City's projected sewerage
                       facilities planning area to the year 1995. Officially referred to as the "201
                       Wastewater Facilities Planning Area," it is also called the "201 Planning Area".
                       The engineering firm of Moore-Gardner Associates prepared the 201 Plan for
                       Havelock in 1973. That plan and facilities designed within its framework are
                       used by the City and the North Carolina Division of Environmental Management
                       in judging funding decisions for improvements or expansion of the city's
                       wastewater treatment.systems.

                            The second planning area, ref erred to as the City's extraterritorial
                       area, has changed since the 1981 CAMA Plan update was published. The City
                       extended the extraterritorial area in 1982 westward by a mile up to the Hick-
                       man Hills community along both sides of U.S. 70 West. This area includes the
                       developing Westbrook Subdivision and shopping center area and the Connor Manu-
                       facturing Company. The extended jurisdiciton also includes about 1,000 more
                       acres of Croatan NationalForest to the west and south of Havelock. It was
                       also extended over a mile along N. C. 101 toward Harlowe.

                            Within these areas the City's zoning, subdivision regulations, and
                       building code enforcement programs were put into effect. Craven County also
                       administers state building codes and subdivision regulations, but does not
                       have zoning regulations.

                            For the purposes of this plan, with the exception of MCAS Cherry Point,
                       the City of Havelock and its extraterritorial jurisdiction is the planning
                       area for which data collection, and analysis and plans and policies have been
                       updated.

                                                  CITIZEN PARTICIPATION
                            Successful planning'forany unit-of local government must include the
                       involvement of the citizens for which the plan is being prepared. The
                       necessity of citizen participationin the planning process is recognized by
                       the State of North Carolina and is, therefore, one of the requirements of
                       the Land Use Planning Guidelines of the CAMA Act.

                            There are various forms citizen participation can take. Some are
                       more successful than others.

                            The City of Havelock was fortunate to have developed an extensive
                       program of public awareness about land use planning and development
                       issues in preparation of the 076 CAMA Plan. The house to house survey of

                                                            3

                                               4To New Bern

                                                                                                                          CRAVEN COUNTY,NORTH CAROLINA
                                                                                                                CITY      OF HAVELOCK             PLANNING          AREA

                                                           @W,

                                                                                                                                 CLARK   PLANNING SERVICES
                                                                                                                                       KINSTON , N.C.

                                                   A,

                                                                                                                                 Havelock 1986

                          71
                                                                                                                                 Havelock     in    1976
                                                                 F                                                    We m--ij   Extraterritorial         Area 1976
                                                                                                   T=1=1.7                       Extraterritorial         Area 1986

                                                                                                                                 Croatan National         Forest

                                                                                                                                 201 wastewater Facilities
                                                                                                                                     Planning Area

                                                                                                            cluding NCAS
                                                                             VIE
                                                                001"Y'                                         HERRYIPOINT 1980

                                                                               /Z. ,

                                                                       v,

                                                                            'N

                                                                                                                                 Or.
                                                                                                         Ali  Ole,
                                                                                                                           o

                                                                                         f
                                                                                                                      j-q@--

                                                 Wj
                                                ""Z,                                                                          To Morehead City
                                                                                                                                                              MAP 2

                       nearly 50 percent (50%) of Township 6 off-station residents was very
                       helpful to the Citizens Advisory Committee and Planning Board in gauging
                       local public opinions about how Havelock should develop as a community in
                       the future,

                            Because ten years had passed since that first opinion survey, Clark
                       Planning Services (CPS) personnel discussed with the Planning Board whether
                       to repeat the survey as part of the plan update. The Planning Board members
                       agreed that some form of opinion survey--asking the same or similar questions,
                       would provide an objective comparison of the issues believed important then
                       and now. A follow-up survey would help the board explain just how-well the
                       City's development had matched earlier expectations, providing perhaps more
                       insight in deciding how much emphasis should be placed on the various deve-
                       lopment issues and policies that would evolve into this futuristic plan.

                            What form should,the survey take? Should it be conducted the same
                       as before? What about including the on-station military residents since
                       the City's population does include them now? Were all of the earlier survey
                       instrument's questions useful or relevant? How could the survey instru-
                       ment be improved? These and other questions were discussed with the
                       Planning Board at their regular meetings in November and December 1985.

                            During the Planning Board's discussion of these and other related
                       questions some members expressed concern that it would be difficult for
                       them to conduct a survey as before without substantial help from, say
                       another active Citizen's Advisory Committee that would need to be created
                       for the task. Others felt that a sample survey, scientifically administered
                       by telephone or with in-person interviews might provide a better, if not
                       easier or quicker, means of surveying. The Planning Board members decided they
                       would have CPS repeat the ealier survey following agreed to revisions.
                       Additionally, CPS was to look into several methods of conducting the survey
                       within Havelock and the extraterritorial planning area, developing a schedule
                       for conducting it, and provide information to the public about the survey
                       before it is conducted. Finally, the survey results would be shared with the
                       public through local media. The whole experience would increase the likeli-
                       hood that Havelock's Land Use Plan would be prepared with a maximum of public
                       participation.

                            Therefore, in an effort to determine local opinion about planning and
                       development, Clark Planning Services engaged the assistance of Behavior
                       Research Associates, Kinston,North Carolina,a professional opinion surveying
                       company to conduct a random-cluster sample survey of households throughout
                       the City and extraterritorial area. The survey was conducted in February 19
                       The survey team used 136 personnel interviews and 75 telephone interviews.
                       The survey contained questions about the respondentspersonal characteristics
                       and questions regarding planning, land use controls, public facilities, and
                       growth. A copy of the survey and, summary data collected is included in the
                       appendices of this plan.

                       I/ Behavior Research Associates, George M. Britton, PhD., Director
                          Kinston, NC, February 2-6, 1986.

                                                           4

                       Results of the Survey

                             The following summary analysis of the opinion survey is from a
                       report prepared by Behavior Research Associates.

                                    IlAn attempt was made to sample each residential
                                     area and to randomly select the households to
                                     be included in the survey. A clustered,
                                     focused sample was utilized in order to assure
                                     that the sample was indeed representative of
                                     Havelock and surrounding planning jursidiction
                                     areas.

                                     Many ancillary remarks were made and noted.
                                     The interviewers were instructed to present
                                     their questions/statements and to make note
                                     of any ancillary remarks. The remarks were
                                     discussed and presented as part of this
                                     report as attachments to each page of the
                                     survey instrument.

                                     Our survey team was well received by the
                                     community. We were welcomed in almost
                                     every instance with a friendly willingness
                                     to cooperate. Those persons interviewed
                                     seemed grateful that the Havelock Planning
                                     Board was interested in their input."

                             How large should Havelock be 10 years from now? Seventy-seven
                       percent (77%) of thexespondents favored some increase to a substantial
                       amount of growth for Havelock. Many of those same respondents were some
                       of the seventy-nine percent (79%) who felt there should be more business
                       development (shopping opportuniries) in Havelock. The interviewers fre-
                       quently heard people say a shopping mall would be desirable. At the same
                       time however, a significant 75 percent believed the City "must" control
                       growth to allow services to keep pace. Furthermore, this issue       . . . . .
                       "frequently set off an elaboration on what was perceived as "growth pains".
                       development in swamps, overcrowding in the schools, traffic problems at 7 am
                       and 4 pm, drainage, etc.

                             Planning was perceived by 11 percent of respondents to be a help in
                       dealing with problems of City growth, because . . . . 11many perceived Havelock
                       to be growing randomly without plan or purpose.."

                             The natural environment of the area was believed an important asset to
                       the community. Even with a long standing public desire to attract more private
                       industry for economic stability, 85 percent believed an environmental impact
                       statement should be required first. Likewise, 69 percent want to protect the
                       Croatan National Forest from more development. Judging too, from the knowledge
                       most respondents had of the problems development in "swamps" particularly in

                                                              5

                                                                                     The.HavelGck Progress, Thursday, February 13, 19M -5
                                                                         City seeks ideas
                                                                      of future usage
                                                                                                                 select the most appropriate
                                                                         For the second time in a decade         means for implementing the
                                                                      residents of Havelock are being            policy recommendations.
                                                                      asked what they like and dislike              According to the schedule,
                                                                      about the community, what they             during April a second public
                                                                      want it to be in the future and,           forum will be held to discuss the
                                                                      how to best attain those goals.            existing and possible amend-
                                                                         In 1976 almost 50 per cent of           ments to the Land Classification
                                                                      those@ residences returned' their          plan and Land Development plan
                                                                      Surveys, listing their likes and           before the proposed plan is sub-
                                                                      dislikes, desires and fears. Those         mitted to the board of commis-
                                                                      results were implemented into a            sioners. Then in May a final
                                                                      land use planning and develop-             public hearing will be held jointly
                                                                      ment by the Citizens Advisory              by the Planning board and the ci-
                                                                      committee. The forms' were                 ty board before adopting the
                                                                      distributed by Boy Scout                   CAMA plan update.
                                                                      organizations and included a
                                                                      complete sampling of all residen-.
                                                                      tial units.
                                                                         This time, according to Robert             Clark's data on the 1975 survey
                                                                      Clark, now principal planner of            shows 842 citizens, or citizens'
                                                                      Clark's Planning Eervices, the             homes, responded to the study.
                                                                      sampling will be done in the form          Of these 530 lived within the city
                                                                      of an opinion survey, either in            limits_ 257 lived in the extrater-
                                                                      person or by telephone, to a               ritorial limits, and there were 55
                                                                      cross-section of residents. Clark          "other".
                                                                      in the initial survey was employed            The bulk of the returns were
                                                                      with     a    state    agency        in    submitted in the age categories of
                                                                      Washington, N.C. and since has             18 to 54. Of these 179 were bet-
                                                                      left state employment to form his          ween 18-24, 193 were between
                                                                      private firm. He is still working          25-34, 208 were between 35-44
                                                                      with the Havelock Planning,                and 183 were between 45-54.
                                                                      Board.                                     Owners of homes were 543 while
                                                                         "Comparng the results from              118 were renters. The military
                                                                      this opinion survey from a similar         responders were 347 with 183
                                                                      one done 10 years ago should               employed in civil service, 114
                                                                      prove interesting for all those in-        were in business service-support
                                                                      volved," he said. "Rarely do               and 108 were retired. Of those
                                                                      communities make the time oi               answering, 232 had lived in the
                                                                      direct the effort to formally ask          community less than two years,
                                                                      people what they think about city          135 had lived here 24 years, 125
                                                                      services and where-how they feel           here for 4.6 years, 139 6-10 years
                                                                      the town should change in Years            and 178 more than 10 years.
                                                                      to come."                                     For services offered by the
                                                                         "The public forums that                 community 23.6 per cent said
                                                                      follow the survey should be very           they thought the Rescue Squad
                                                                      helpful to me and the Planning             offered excellent services, 15.4
                                                                      board. in rvommending local and            per cent thought the same for fire
                                                                      state policies or programs.to ad-          protection. Of the 22 categories,
                                                                      dress the.issues that are impor-           these two were the only ones
                                                                      tant.'!                                    rating double digits in excellence.
                                                                         The 1986 survey will be similar         Garbage and sanitation nudged
                                                                      to the one conducted in 1975 ex-           the public schools for third and
                                                                      cept it will be done in a sampling         fourth place, 8.9 and 8.1 per
                                                                      of 10 per cent of the in-city and          cent.
                                                                      extra-territorial residents. Clark            For facilities only three
                                                                      said it would be, telephonic, and          categories received double digits
                                                                      in-person interviews of major age          in the excellence category, gar-
                                                                      groups (the elderly, middle-aged           bage and rescue tying at 14.3 per
                                                                      and younger adults). He said the           cent with fire protection rankina
                                                                      survey would also obtain                   third at I I per cent.
                                                                      .responses from military, non-                'Very poor" rankings in the
                                                                      military, retired people, males            services category scored several in
                                                                      and females and would be                   the double digits category: storm
                                                                      grouped for comparisons.                   drainage led the list with 24.5,
                                                                         The survey will be conducted            adult recreation programs, 23.6;
                                                                      this month and during March                sewage, 22.6, cornmercial air-
                                                                      with public forums scheduled for           port, 22.4; medical services, 21.5;
                                                                      March to discuss the survey                and teenage recreation, 18.8.
                                                                      @esults and examine the identified            Ranking "very poor" in terms
                                                                      issues. Finally Clark and his peo-         of racilities were almost the same
                                                                      ple will prepare a summary of the          ones.
                                                                      issues and alternative policy                 The 1975 survey found most
                                                                      statements for the Planning                thought the community's ap-
                                                                      board. Tlie.Planning board will            pearance was -good, 26.0 or
                                                                                                                 average, 42.3; thought city rela-
                                                                                                                 tions with the county were god,
                                                                                                                 21.3 or average, 41.1 and rela-
                                                                                                                 tions with Cherry Pont were
                                                                                                                 itood. 36.5 or average, 28.5

                      East Havelock, was causing in localized flooding problems', it seems reasonable
                      to conclude that many do not feel it appropriate to allow more development in
                      these areas to further add to poor drainage problems.

                           The Planning Board felt the survey was a good lesson in need for continuing
                      public involvement   in the planning process; because although the survey re-
                      vealed a significant percentage perceived the city to be growing hapazardly,
                      members felt the city "was" largely planned, especially since the mid '70's
                      when the(201 Facilities Plan and first CAMA Plan were prepared. Furthermore,
                      most of the development of subdivisions, townhouses, and apartments were in
                      compliance with street design controls contained in the City's zoning and
                      subdivision regulations. The members also believed the City and developers
                      were responsible, that the City has little choi:ce but to deal with development
                      in areas of poor drainage'because there- is so little room for Havelock to grow
                      otherwise.

                           In a sense, both views are correct. The City has been progressive in its
                      planning and regulations of development. As a new community with rapid growth
                      a number of clearly modern regulations are in effect in Havelock's planning
                      area, such as: planned development regulations, recreation land dedication
                      or.fees in lieu of dedication to provide adequate recreational opportunities
                      as development occurs, and limiting driveway cuts on thoroughfares like
                      McCotter Boulevard as new subdivisons are laid out.

                           However, because Havelock has grown up so quickly, sandwiched between
                      MCAS Cherry Point and Croatan National Forest, and generally limited to having
                      soils with high ground water levels in most areas, the City has problems that
                      must be accomodated to some degree and not necessarily totally solved
                      (i.e., poor drainage).

                           Major traffic congestion along U.S. 70 is not an easily solved problem
                      either. One possible solution to alleviating much of this problem would be
                      with the construction of a by-pass as called for in the Havelock Thoroughfare
                      Plan (1977). The survey respondents were asked about whether the N. C. De-
                      partment of Transportation should develop the by-pass. Interestingly, the
                      respondents were strongly split on-this one.          Forty-six percent (46%)
                      favored the by-'pass and thirty-eight percent (38%) were against it. Those
                      against generally offered two reasons for their opposition. They either
                     -feared loss of "beach business" traffic to Havelock's established businesses
                      or they saw a"major loss of Croatan National Forest as negative points.

                           The City's drinking water was rated very low by those surveyed.

                                       "The interview  team was frequently subjected
                                        to samples of rust or muddy colored water
                                        with a distinct taste."

                           Overall the 'survey found the public was well informed of community
                      issues and felt much the same about the city as those who responded to the
                      1976 opinion survey. In general, the survey was very well received and re-
                      cognized as a tool the City officials would use in planning future growth.

                                                         6

                            In addition to the survey, people in the Havelock area were exposed to
                       the planning process through excellent media coverage from January through
                       December 1986, with articles on land use issues and progress reports on
                       plan preparation. A half dozen articles about the land use plan appeared
                       in the Havelock Progress or the Sun Journal, Havelock Edition.

                            And furthermore, the Planning Board held 'a public forum on April 1,
                       1986, and met in open joint session with the Board of Commissioners on
                       the 25th of August and September 22, 1986.

                            Finally, the Board of Commissioners held an advertised public hearing
                       on December 8, 1986, prior to adopting the plan.

                            Throughout the rest of this document, an attempt will be made to
                       describe how the survey results and other factors important to developing
                       the plan update will mold a rationale set of policies for managing Havelock's
                       development during the coming ten years.

                                                         7

                        CHAPTER II

                        ANALYSIS OF CHANGE

                             Basic to the CAMA planning process is the required examination of
                        changes that have occurred since the 1981 CAMA Plan was prepared. This
                        updating has afforded an opportunity to re-examine previously identified
                        land use issues, development policies, and short-range projections with
                        five years of hindsight.

                             Largely, this chapter summarizes recent changes in population,
                        economy, and land use patterns as indicators of how Havelock's resources
                        (its people, natural and built environment), are changing; giving basic
                        information for projecting future changes and developing local policies
                        that help direct wise land use managment choices.

                             As will be seen in the following pages, people are coming to Havelock
                        at a quickening pace, the economic base is still strongly linked to MCAS
                        Cherry Point, residential development is occuring with a quick pace in
                        response to a demand for new housing, and the U.S. 70 commercial strip is
                        filling in with service related businesses.

                                                        POPULATION

                             Table 1 shows p  opul'ation growth trends for Havelock, MCAS Cherry
                        Point, Township 6, and Craven County from 1940 to 1985. As reported
                        in previous plans, the area has had continuing population increases
                        since MCAS Cherry Point was developed in the early 1940',s. While the
                        1981 CAMA Plan indicated Havelock's population growth rate had slowed
                        somewhat following a 3 percent average annual rise for the preceding
                        ten years, the last five years very clearly show a return to rapid
                        population growth for Havelock with a 79.4 percent increase in the
                        off-station resident population,

                             Table 2, Annexation History was prepared to show that the last
                        five years have added approximately 531 acres to the City, but only
                        266 of the 3,673 increase in Havelock's population was attributed to
                        annexation of existing populations. Therefore, the City experienced
                        a 73.6 percent real increase.

                             Craven County too, has experienced an 8.3 percent growth in
                        population in the' last five years, adding 5,912 people. Significantly
                        though, Havelock's 3,407 new population growth represents 57.6 percent
                        of the County's increase.

                                                             8

                     Table 1    . . . Population Trends - Havelock, MCAS Cherry Point,
                                      Township 6, and Craven County 1940-1985

                                                  MCAS             *Havelock          Township       Craven
               Year          Havelock         Cherry Point        Cherry Point           6           County

               1940               100                                                      623       31,298

               1950            11500             10,000              111500            11,695        48,823
               196& 1/         2,433                                                   18,053        58,773
                   1/
               1970-=          3,012                                                   20,798        62,554
               198W          (4,627     +        13,091)            17,718             21,963        71,043
               19851/        (8,300     +        13,300             21,600             25,843        76,955

               Sources: 1/   U.S. Census of Population 1960, '7    0, and '80
                          2/ N. C. Office of State Budget & Management; other      estimates by Clark
                             Planning Services, Kinston, NC based-on analysis      of City utility
                             records, windshield survey, data supplied by the      Facilities Development
                             Department, MCAS Cherry Point.

                             The City of Havelock annexed MCAS Cherry P     oint and off-stdtion
                             military housing on December 28, 1979, adding 13,091 milita.-y
                             personnel and dependents to the City's population.

                     With MCAS Cherry Point's resident population estimated at 13,300 in 1985,
                Havelock's total population has risen from 17,718 in 1980, to 21,600 in 1985.

                     Under such rapid change it's no wonder some people who where surveyed
                were concerned development of Havelock may be out of control.

                     What has fueled such rapid population increases for Havelock is the in-
                creasing level of activity and personnel loadings both military and civilian at
                MCAS Cherry Point. Table 3 further.illustrates this relationship. The total
                military and civilian personnel associated with the air station and NARF in-
                creased by 5,493 from 23,791 to 29,284 between 1979 and 1985.

                     Table 4 was included to show how significant the air-station's employ-
                ment is to Havelock and@the region. According to the information supplied
                by the Facilities Development Department, MCAS Che     'rry Point, in June 1986,
                there were 957*civilians working on station who listed Havelock as their place
                of residence. Interestingly too, 1,431 reside in New Bern with another
                745 commuting from the close by City of New Port.

                                                      9

                                             Table 2   . . . Annexation History 1975-1985

                                       Number of           Est. Area in                           Housing
                                         Areas                Acres              Population          Units

                          1975              8                  238                     237             61
                          1976              -                     -                     -                -
                          1977              -                     -                     -
                          1978              1                   69                      0                0
                          1979              1                 5,000                17,500            2,617
                          1980              10                 139                      0                0
                          .1981             2                   20                      0                0
                          1982              14                 279                     171             96
                          1983              6                  159                      4              66
                          1984              3                   27                      11               7
                          1985              5                   46                      80             39

                             Total
                          1975-85           50                5,976                18,003            2,886

                          Source: Annual Boundary and Annexation Surveys, 1975-85 filed with
                          the U.S. Bureau of the Census; Havelock City Clerk's Office

                                                    IMPACT OF SEASONAL POPULATION

                                There is no apprec    iable seasonal population in Havelock or its
                          planning areas and none is anticipated in the ten year planning period.
                          Beach and resort communities of Morehead, Beaufort, Emerald Isle vicinities
                          receive seasonal population impacts. The.304 motel rooms in Havelock
                          principally serve the visitors and temporary transfer personnel to Cherry
                          Point. There are no time-sharing units, nor fishing/hunting camps within
                          the jursidiction.

                                                                 ECONOMY

                                Obviously the socio-economic health of Havelock, Craven County and
                          much of the region is dependent on the level of activities, military per-
                          sonnel and civilian employment, at MCAS Cherry Point.

                                Military payroll for 1985, at Cherry Point was over 300 million dollars.
                          Civilian payroll added another 147 million to the area's economy. Although
                          it is difficult to project, the near future outlook for Cherry Point seems
                          very stable with probably some increase inits mission given the recent emphasis
                          placed on a strong national military posture.

                                                                   10

                           Table 3 . . . MCAS Cherry Point Military & Civilian Population
                                            1979, 1985

                                                        1979-11          198521         Ch2nge         %
                     MCAS Cherry Point,
                     NARF & Hospital
                             Military                     8,291          11,966        3,675           44.3%
                             Civilian                     4,500          4,980            480          10.6%
                             Dependents                 11,000           12,338        1,338           .12.2%
                             Total                      23,791.          29,284        5,493           23%

                     *includes 2d MAW, Cherry Point (9,809) plus NARF            (94), and Naval Hospital (269)

                     1/ Cherry Point Master Plan (1980), estimates by           public relations personnel
                     2/ Fact Sheet, Marine Corps Air Bases Eastern Area, updated June 1985,
                        Management Assistance Office

                           Table 4 . . . Local & Regional NARF & MCAS Cherry Point Off-Station
                                            Civilian Population Commuting Patterns, June 1986

                           Selected Cities Civilian                      Counties         Civilian
                                                Employees                                 Employees

                           New Bern              1,431                   Craven           2,818
                           HAVELOCK               957                    Carteret         1,766
                           New Port               745                    Onslow             419
                           Morehead   City        395                    Pamlico            252
                           Beaufort               337                    Jones              102
                           Jacksonville           180                    Lenoir               45
                           Swansboro              135                    Beaufort             37
                           All other towns       1,317                   All others            58
                                                                               total      5,497

                     Source: MCAS, Cherry Point, Facilities Development Department, June 13, 1986

                                   TABLE 5   . . . Existing Housing Types in Havelock
                                                 .and Extraterrritorial Jurisdiction, January 1986

                                                                          Multi-Family
                                               Single        Mobile      (Apts, Townhomes,       Total
                                               Family        Homes        Condominiums)          Units
                      Havelock (inside 1/
                      City limits)     -       1,627          345            682                 2,654

                      Within
                      Extraterritorial
                      Jurisdiction               736          246             16                     998

                      Total
                      Planning Area            2,363          591            698                 3,652

                      Clark Planning Services, windshield survey January, 1986
                      1/ City limits as of January 1, 1986, not including MCAS Cherry Point or
                          off-station housing (i. e., Fort Macon Village, Slocum Village)

                                                          12

                         Building activity is another indicator of economic health. During the
                    last several years increases in housing and non-residential bxiilding
                    construction have placed the city in the top twenty-five in North Carolina
                    cities. Table 6 shows the total value of building construction for Havelock
                    from 1982-1986.

                   Table 6   . . . Total Value of Residential and Non-Residential Construction
                                   Havelock, North Carolina 1982-May-1986

                                        $ Value                   $ Value                     $ Value
                                         Residential              Non-Residential             Total

                   1982                $ 8,702,931                $ 1,215,906                 $  9,918,837
                   1983                $ 9,040,697                $ 2,094,419                 $  11,135,116
                   1984                $ 3,288,875                $ 4,385,718                 $  7,674,593
                   1985                                                                       $  8,183,485
                   1986  (5 mos.)                                                             $  5,156,631

                        Total                                                                 $  42,068,662

                   Source: Havelock Building Inspections Department

                         Development of retail and other service industry businesses has also
                    been brisk. The four and a half mile long "downtown" commercial strip along
                    U.S. Highway 70 is filling in rapidly. During the past twelve years the
                    number of establishments has more than doubled to over 500. The last six
                    years ha s seen the building of East Plaza, Westbrook Shopping Center, Cherry
                    Plaza and others along with two motels and a third now under construction.

                                                   EXISTING LAND USE

                           The last detailed land use and development analysis for.Havelock was
                    presented in the 1976 CAMA Plan. Because of the substantial community
                    growth experienced during the last five years, this plan update includes
                    a completely updated examination of land use changes and accompanying
                    large scale mapping.

                                                         13

                                                                          %

                                                       q
                                                             _-0

                    Westbrook Subdivision. . . This house site is filled to create positive
                    drainage from the lot.   The City's.Subdivision Regulations discourage
                    total tree clearance  in:new.housing developments..

                           kk

                    Single family detached site-built homes represent 65 percent of Havelock's
                    housing.

                           The following pages contain an analysis of existing land use in Havelock
                    and its extraterritorial jurisdiction. The analysis was made fr       'om the results
                    of a "windshield survey" conducted by Clark Planning Services at various times
                    in December 1985, and January 1986. The survey was intended to inventory
                    existing development and identify: 1) significant land use compatibility
                    problems; 2) major problems which have resulted from unplanned development
                    which may have implications.for future land usage; and 3) areas experiencing
                    or likely to experience changes in predominant land use.

                           Prior to conducting the survey, it was determined that land uses would
                    be identified under eight categories . . . residential, commercial, industrial,
                    government/institutional, recreation, undeveloped, forest, and barren or
                    cleared lands. In order to assess housing types, residential uses were class-
                    ified into single-family, detached, mobile homes, and multi-family (included
                    townhouses, apartments, and condominiums). These various land use patterns are
                    depicted on Map A-1, Existing Land Use Map, which,is provided as a foldout in
                    the back pocket to this document.

                                      Table 7.      Existing Land Use in Havelock
                                                    and its Planning Area - January 1986

                                                           1986
                                                                       %               % of
                    Land Use                   Acerage            Developed            Total
                    Residential                1270.8                48.2              16.4

                    Commercial
                    (inc. office space)         278.0                10.5               3.7

                    Industrial                    25.0                 0.9              0.3

                    Transportation,
                    Communiciations    &
                    Utilities                   684.8                25.9               8.8

                    Government &
                    Institutional               154.6                  5.9              2.0

                    Cultural,
                    Entertainment,
                    & Recreation                223.0                  8.5              2.9

                    Total Development          2636.2                100%              34.0

                    Croatan National
                     Forest                    1452.0                                  18.7

                    Restricted Wetlands
                     & Water                    600.0                                   7.7

                    Other Undeveloped
                     Lands                     3071.8                                  39.6.

                    Total Undeveloped
                     Lands                     5123.8                                  66.0

                    Total Planning Area        7760.0                                  100.0

                    Source: Clark Planning     Services, Land Use Survey, January 1986

                                                          14

                              Table 7, identifies land use by acreage in the planning area. Approx-
                       imately 34 percent of the 7,760 total acrea within the planning area was
                       developed. The remaining 66 percent, or 5,133.8 acres of undeveloped lands
                       are categorized as (1) Croatan National Forest with 1,452 acres, (2) restricted
                       wetlands and water areas at 600 acres, (3) and 3,071.8 acres of undeveloped
                       vacant, barren, or wooded lands.

                              Residential.   To facilitate analysis of where various housing types
                       are occuring over time, the Gity and its planning area were subdivided into
                       thirteen neighborhood study areas. These areas were considered to have
                       similar land use characteristics. They are shown on Map 3 and are referred
                       to by number and common name in the various tables that follow. Neighbor-
                       hood study areas 1-9 are the same as those that data was collected for in two
                       earlier land use surveys (1962 and 1974). Areas 10, 11, and 12 were added to
                       encompass additions to Havelock's off-station planning area since 1974.
                       Area 13 represents the MCAS Cherry Point. All family and bachelor military
                       housing data, both on and off-station, were documented separately and are
                       included in the City, planning area, or neighborhood area totals. Table 8
                       provides a three decade comparison by neighborhood study area of the housing
                       development trends.

                              Single family and multi-family housing increased sharply by 358 units
                       in the Havelock High School Area (Area 9). The greatest increase, however,
                       occurred in the McCotter Blvd. area (Area 10), where no housing existed
                       twelve years earlier a total.of 546 units were surveyed. Most of those
                       housing units were built just in the last five years.

                              In Area 12, the 70 West Area, a total of 196 housing units were added
                       between 1974, and 1986, with most of that increase occurring in the Westbrook
                       Subdivision.

                              The land use survey revealed little chang e in the numbers of mobile
                       homes within the planning  area. They increase by 9 percent from a total
                       of 545 to 591 units. This was perhaps one of the more surprising findings
                       of the survey because in the earlier land use plans it was assumed that
                       the highly transient nature of military personnel and their families living
                       off-station would have meant more mobile homes for Havelock as personnel
                       loadings at the station increased. One major 313 lot preliminary development
                       plan was approved East of McCotter Boulevard in 1983, but the mobile home
                       Subdivision has not developed. Perhaps some of the demand for mobile homes
                       has gone to other area communities or has been absorbed by the trend for
                       more multi-family (particularily townhouses) units.

                              The chart in Figure 1, was prepared to show the percentages of each
                       housing type found in the Havelock planning area in 1962, 1974, and 1986.
                       The data indicate@s that although there was an increase in the number of
                       mobile homes in the last twelve years, as a percentage of all housing
                       types mobile homes dropped by 9 points from 27 to 16 percent. Whereas,
                       townhouses and other multi-family housing rose steadily from 13 to 16 percent

                                                           15

                                                                                                           U/
                                                                                    ZD
            @'j                          . .......                                                                                                                                            CK
                                                                                                                                                                                     HAVELO

                                                                                                                                                                                     NORTH CAROLINA

                                                   -4 t
                                                                                                   "A
                                                                                         r
                                                                                   ARRVE-
                                                                                   F!
                                                                                                                                                                                     I Sherwood Forest
                                                                                                                                                                                     2 Forest Hills
                                                                                                VINT-
                                                                                                                                                                                     3 Woodhaven
                                                                                                                                                                                     4 Tryon Park
                                                                                                                                                                                     5 Fleetwood

                                                                                                                                                            N@                       6 Ketner Heights
                                                                                                                                                                                     7 Greenfield
                                                                                                                                                                                     8 Creek Street
                                                                                                                                                                                     9 Havelock High School

                                                                                                                                                                                  10   McCotter Boulevard
                                                                                                                                              -41h,
                                                                                                                                                                                  i I  Marmann-Terrace
                                                                                                                                                                                       70 West
                                                                                                                                                                                  12
                                                                                                                                                                                  13
                                                                                                                                                                                       MCAS,Cherry Point
                                                                                                                        r                                                       V,

                                                                    h@

                                                                                           'e

                                                                                                                     OLD EXTRATERRITORAL
                                                                                                                                           LIMITS   1976

                                                                                                                               EXTRATERRITORAL   LIMITS   1981

                                                                                                                                                                NEIGHBORHOOD STUDY AREAS

                                                                                                                                                                                  MAP 3

                                                                                                                                                         mmm WNW,=

                                                                                                                                                                                            so                                                                                              now

                                                                                       TABLE 8           . . . Housing Trends *by Neighborhood Study Areas 1962, '74, '86
                                                                                           Havelock, NC (Less MCAS Cherry Point and off-station military housing)

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Multi-Family Units
                                                                                                                     Single-Family Houses                                       Mobile Homes                                              Apts, Townhomes, Duplexes
                                                          Neighborhood Study Area                                     1962          1974          1986                           1962          1974          1986                           1962           1974                  1986

                                                          1.    Sherwood Forest                                          28            69           73                                0              0           0                              0               0                     0
                                                          2.    Forest Hills/Jackson
                                                                  Trailer Park                                           29            54           72                            ill           208          220                                1               4                     2
                                                          3.    Woodhaven                                              180           258           358                                5           40           36                               2             30                    25
                                                          4.    Tryon Park                                             149           326           358                                7              2           2                              5             89                  116
                                                          5.    Fleetwood                                                63            65           95                               25           42           23                               5             24                    30
                                                          Total in 1974              City Limits                       _@4_9           _72-         5-6                           T 4-8         -i 9-2       18-1                              13           147                   168

                                                          6.    Ketner Heights                                           56          250           337                               13           92           98                               4               6                     8
                                                          7.    Greenfield                                               59          116           215                                8         119          110                                0               0                   26
                                                          8.    Creek Street                                             27            34           58                                0              1           3                              4               0                     0
                                                          9.    Havelock High              School                           0          23          255                                0              9         10                              74           105                   230

                                                          Total in 1974 Extraterri-                                    174-2         V2_3          _@_65                          -21             2-1        '@_21                           -82              1-1                 264
                                                             territorial Area

                                                         10. McCotter Boulevard                                             0             0        286                                0              0           0                              0               0                 260
                                                        11. Marmann Terrace                                                                         60                                                         71                                                                     0
                                                        12. 70 West                                                                                196                                                         18                                                                     6
                                                                                                           a 1/                                                                   -5            -32          -89                             _0             _0                    266
                                                          Total in old one-mile are                                      14            28           42

                                                          Total                                                      605          1,223         2,363                             174.          545          591                               95           258                   698

                                                          Sources: *The 1962 housing data from: Land Analysis and Sketch Plan, Havelock                                                                              NC (Division of                Community Planning);
                                                                                The 1974 data program: Havelock Land Use Plan, 1976, Department of Natural & Economic Resources;
                                                                                The 1986 data by windshield survey, Clark Planning Services, Kinston, NC
                                                             I/ The current Extraterritorial area boundries follow geographic features whereas the old one mile limits from
                                                                    1962, were undefined archs. Otherwise, both encompass the same developed areas.

                                                             FIGURE
                                              Percentage of Housing Stock by Type
                                           in Havelock and the Extraterritorial Area*
                                                        1962, 1974, 19861/

                                                                                  Single Family
                                                                             0 = Mobile Homes
                                                                             C3 = Multi-Family including
                         100                                                      Apartments, Townhouses,
                                                                                  Condominiums

                          75

                                         6 9 %
                      M                                                  65%

                                                        60%
                      0

                      4.4
                      0   50

                      cu

                                                         27% c),
                          25             20%                              19%

                                                         13%              16%
                                         11% 13

                                            1962            1974           1986

                                1/ 1976 Land Use Plan, Havelock, NC, Department of     Natural & Economic
                                   Resources and Clark Planning Services: 1986 Land Use Survey

                                *Does not include MCAS Cherry Point

                                                           17

                                                     7 ri

                                       - - - - - - - - - - - - -

                   The greatest percentage increase in housing  styles between 1981-1986 was
                   in*townhouses, increasing from approximately 13 to 19 percent of all
                   housing units.

                                                                         .........

                                                                        . . . . . . . . . . .

                   Bulldozer clears land for housing.  In less than 6 months  the field above
                   located off Kim Avenue changed into 20 triplex townhouses.

                       of all housing types during the same period. Single family detached
                       houses on individual lots remained the preferred housing style with
                       65 percent of the market in the most recent survey; halfway between a
                       high of 69 percent in.1962, and the low of 60 percent in 1974.

                                Table 9 provides a comparison of total housing units by type for
                       the same surveyed years. The,most recent count found 3,652 total units
                       within the sam area that had 874 housing units in 1962, compared to
                       2,.026 units twelve years ago.

                                It is evident through examination of local building.permit data
                       illustrated by Table 10,1that much of the housing construction described
                       above-has occurred in thefour year period from 1982, to 1986, when
                       building permits were-issued                 for 781building permits.

                                Table 9          Hbusing.Trendi      1962,   174,      186,  Havelock, N.C.*

                                                                                                                 Multi-Family
                                                                                                                 Including
                                                Single-Family                   Mobile   Homes                   Duplexes
                                                         % of                            Z of                              of
                                              Number.    Total.               Number-    Total               Number    Total Totals
                        19621/
                     ''Total                    605       69%                   174       20%                    95      11%      874
                        Havelock                449       73%_                  148       24%                    13        2%     610
                        One-Mile.               166                              2 6.,    10%                    82      31%      264

                        19742/
                        Total                 1,223       602                   545       27%                 Z58        13%    2,026
                        Havelock                772       64%                   292-_@    24%.,               147        12%    1,211.
                        One-Mile                451.      55%                   253-      31%*                111        14%      815

                        1986-3/
                        Total                 2,363       65%.                  591       16%                 698        19%    3,652
                        Havelock                956.      68%,                  281       20%                 168        12%    1,405
                        One-Mile              1,407,      63Z                __310,       14%                 530        24%    2,247

                        *Data does.not      include   MCAS     Cherry   Point,  nor:-off-station     military housing.        Alsoo
                         in order to negatelthe hou;ing.changes resulting.from-annexation and changes in
                         the extraterritorial area,.all figures.             reflect 1974 City limits and the current
                         extraterritorial boundary.

                        1/  Land Use Survey and       Analysis, 1962, Division of           Community Planning,
                            Raleigh, NC
                        2/  Land Use Survey,.January 1974, Division of Community Assistance, NC Depart-
                            ment of Natural & Economic Resources, Washington, NC; and water meter
                            records July, 1975, for both in and outside city, Havelock Utilities Department.
                        3/  Clark Planning Services, Land Use Survey, January 1986.

                                                                           18

                                         AN,

                                                                                      Jackson Trailer
                                                                                      Park . . . making rooi
                                                                                      for more mobile
                                                                                      homes. The City
                                                                                      regulates fill
                                                                                      materials, limiting
                                                                                      biodegradable
                                                                                      materials, providinj
                                                                                      stable building
                                                                                      sites.

                                      J,

                                                                         -UM

                   -The City enforces hurricane zone tie down  requirements for mobile homes.

                           Commercial. The four and a half mile long."downtown" commercial
                   strip fronting on either side of Main Street is filling in rapidly.
                   Development of new retail and office@services has been brisk during                     the
                   past decade with approximately a doubling of such establishments from
                   250 to nearly 500. Table 5 shows that although residential construction
                   has dominated the value of building construction from 1982 to 1986, non-
                   residential building activity has been increasiing-,.Jits share of the                  total
                   dollar amount. More retail and service type businesses have sprung                      up
                   to serve the rapidly increasing resident population of the civilian
                   and military community. Since.1979,.the City has witnessed construction
                   of the.Westbrook Shopping Center, Cherry Plaza,.East Plaza,- the expansion
                   of several other centers:, including Centur           y 21 Plaza, and two new motels.
                   with a third one.now on the,way.

                           The land use     survey revealed that       commercially related land uses
                   had increased from       132 acres in 1974     , to 278 acres lin 1986. Since most'
                   of that change had       occurred in.the preceeding 6 years,. which translates
                   into an average annual-increase of:23 acres for the period.
                           Besides the continued'      spread of    the-business district north and south
                   along U.S. 70, signs of private redevelopment are also appearing in older
                   sections of the-strip-as some newer buildings:are.beginning to replace
                   older shops.. This is eviden        tby the'example of a new'two story office
                   condominium under construction opposite, the Public Safety Building. No
                   attempt was made here to.perform a market.analysis of.of.fice or retail
                   spacei demmand-nor to-'determine what impact might,there might be on service
                   businesses if through-.traffic.were diverted-to a-Bypass.

                          .The  survey   also--noted.  that,convenience      type  businesses were starting
                   to appear    near the-intersection of:N.C-. 101 and McCotter-Blvd. This activity
                   was predicted in the previous CAMAP,lans:..,
                               Table. 10       Havelock  Residential  Building  Activity  1982-1985

                                Single                                                                  Quadra-
                                Family   Duplex    Condos.   Towhhouse     Apt     motel    Triplex     Plex
                        Year    Units     Units    Units-,   Units@       units.   Units    Units      'Units Totals
                        198Z      122       40                 ...34        66      36         3         12      313
                        1983      1241      10                  37                             3           4     178
                        1984       64                                               18                     4       86
                        1985       83       26                                                 27        68      204

                        Totals 393          76        0         71          66      54         33        88      781

                        NOTE: All figures are expressed as     housing units not structures built.

                        Source: Havelock Building Inspection     Department

                                                                19

                                      HHULLU

                                                                            7@

                    Increasing traffic congestion remains a major  concern for area residents.

                                            P-J.

                   Afternoon rush hour traffic between  Main Street and Cherry Point's Main
                   Gate at N. C. 101.

                         Industrial. One of the primary objectives forf--Havprlock that was
                   included in the two previous CAMA Plans was to increase the industrial
                   employment base in order to be less dependenton employment fluctuations
                   at the military base. Little change, however, has occurred in the amount
                   of land devoted to manufacturing. The survey showed a slight increase
                   from 18 to 25 acres devoted to industrial uses; including the Connor
                   Homes Manufacturing Plant located north-of the City near the intersections
                   of US 70 and Greenfield Boulevard, and the Blue Bell building and
                   a vacant building west.of Belltown Road at Woodhaven Street.

                         Transportation, Communications, and Utilities. This land use
                   category includes utility right-of-ways, locations of the city's water
                   and wastewater treatment plants, streets and railroad right-of-ways.
                   A total of 684.8 acres or 25.9 percent of the planning area is used for
                   these facilities and services. The major changes in this category has
                   been caused by the corresponding increases in residential street right-
                   of-way dedication.and new street construction.

                         Government &'Institutional., Not including Havelock's largest
                   occupant of 5,000 acres contained in the air station or other federal
                   properties such as the Croatan, there are 154.6 acres of land used for
                   government and institutional purposes. Schools and public buildings and
                   grounds are included inthis category. The Existing Land Use Map (A-1)
                   shows the location.of the new Roger Bell Elementary School east of the
                   High School off N _.C. 101. Havelock is proud, too, of the new Public
                   Safety Building and newly renovated.City Hall located off Hatteras
                   Blvd. This municipal government complex also-includes the Public Works
                   Building, a newly refurbished former Rescue Squad building that now serves
                   as a new Senior Citizen's Community Center. Also, located here is the
                   newest symbol of the community--a Harrier-Jet, permanently mounted atop
                   a pedistal and displayed inclear-view-of,.motorists traveling along
                   Main Street.

                         Cultural, Ent ertainment, & Recreation. There are 233 acres of land
                   fncluded in parks, churches, lodges, theaters, and cemeteries. About a
                   dozen neighborhood parks from as small as an acre to the nearly 5 acres
                   have been added.-to the acreage in recreation use by developer donation
                   as called.for in,@the City's subdivision regulations. Space for an
                   air museum that has been proposed by the Alfred A. Cunningham Air
                   Museum Foundation, Inc. is presently being sought in addition to a
                   million dollar plus sports and convention.center that has.been proposed
                   by the City Recreation Department.

                         Croatan National Forest. There are 1,452 acres in the Croatan
                   National Forest, containing mostly managed forests, located within the
                    ity's extraterritorialarea. The Citizen's Opinion Survey found that
                   69 percent of the'! respondents did not want to see more of the Croatan
                   sold for development. The Croatan boarders the City limits and jurisdic-
                   tion east of McCotter Canal and the planning area northwest of Greenfield
                   Boulevard.

                                                        20

                                                                                            4

                                               rm

                                                   77

                      Havelock has had sign     regulations for ten years, but sign clutter is
                      still evident. Notice how       the portable sign above blocks driver vision
                      from on-coming traffic.

                             ---------------
                           . . . . . . . . . .

                                 .I Zr,                                    . . . . . . . .

                                                                  P -74

                                                                 U-0
                             -wen

                      More attention could be paid to providing landscaping in many           parking lots.
                      The City reduced requirements for off-street paved parking by           one third
                      in 1986.

                                                          401

                              City Hall undergoes major internal  ren ovation in 1986.

                                    4e:4

                                                                    RMW
                              705

                            New Department of Public Safety houses  police and rescue.

                                                                            V. Pi

                                                      T@

                    The picnic shelter and grounds of the new Walter B. Jones complex were
                    added irr 1985, to the area-across from City Hall.

                    The City desires to conserve natural wildlife habitat in wooded swamps and
                                                                      A

                    flood plains along the tributaries of Slocum and Hancock Creeks.

                         Restricted Wetlands and Water Areas. The Existing Land Use Map
                   includes information denoting the floodplains of local creeks as taken
                   from the preliminary Flood Insurance Maps for Havelock (September 1985).
                   Wet and very poorly drained soils not suitable for development together
                   with wooded swamps are generally located withing the 100-year flood
                   plain. There are 600 acres of these lands and water areas located within
                   the planning area. This is not to imply that all poorly drained wet
                   soils are confined to the 100-year flood plain. Indeed this is not the
                   case since nearly all of the.'soils in the planning area have from severe
                   to moderately severe wetness-hazards (see related discussions in the,
                   chapter on Constraints to Development).

                         Other Undeveloped Land s. Those lands that were found to be vacant,
                   cleared, wooded, partially cleared, and barren grounds were included in
                   the land use category labeled Other Undeveloped Lands on the Existing
                   Land Use Map. Approximately 300 acres of this category were in transition
                   from wooded to cleared for development of housing. Altogether, 3071.8
                   acres were included in the undeveloped land category.

                                                  21

                                        CURRENT PLANS, POLICIES AND REGnATIONS

                            Below is a list of the current plans, policies, and regulations that
                       are presently in effect in Havelock. Each one of these are affecting land
                       use in Havelock today. The existing plans will provide information which
                       will assist in the preparation of this plan update. They also serve as a
                       base from which change can be measured. The current policies and local
                       regulations will be reveiwed in view of recommedations adopted in the 1976
                       CAMA and 1981 plans and any problems which may have developed over the past
                       five years. The listing of relevant state and federal regulations provides
                       a basis for determining whether local regulation of any possible land use
                       problems is warranted. Furthermore, current local policies and regulations
                       should be evaluated from time to time to insure they reflect local desires
                       and are still consistent with changes in state or federal law that may have
                       occurred during the past five years. This summary provides a guide to the
                       City and developers when a land development project is proposed.

                       Changes made between 1981-86.

                            Since the 1981 CAMA Plan update the following plans have been pub-
                       lished that should be added to the earlier listings:

                            1.    Air Installation Compatible Use Zo ne (Update) Cherry Point
                                  MCAS, 1981. The first AICUZ plan was adopted in 1975. The
                                  update included acknowledgement of major changes in aircraft
                                  operational changes implemented following noise studies, re-
                                  view of operational levels, and flight paths. Operational
                                  changes were made that significantly reduced noise over deve-
                                  lopment on and off-station. Also, a more accurate noise
                                  description using the day/night average sound level (LdN)
                                  replaced the earlier composite noise ratings (CNR). More
                                  accurate determinations of accident potential zones resulted
                                  in larger areas being impacted than before. Havelock zoning
                                  ordinance changes were subsequently made to reflect these changes.

                            2.    Land and Resource Management Plan Croatan and Uwharrie National
                                  Forests 1986-2000, National Forest Service, May 1986. The
                                  comprehensive management plan is a major policy document that
                                  clearly designates forestry land management practice for
                                  National Forest lands including those in Havelock's planning
                                  jurisdiction. Three management groupings are identified for
                                  these lands; including: a) No. 2 (located west/northwest in
                                  the Greenfield Boulevard vicinity) described as:

                                         "Old timber and car-touring areas. Timber
                                          harvested for wood and wildlife habitat.
                                          Many old trees left. Animals needing old
                                          stands favored. Off-road vehicles per-
                                          mitted on designated routes."

                                                        22

                                  b) No. 3 (located southwest and south of Havelock,) as:

                                         "Commercial timber and hiking.   Stands
                                          thinned and.harvested at 40-to-80-years
                                          for high-quality sawtimber. Many roads
                                          closed to public. Animals needing young
                                          stands favored. No off-road vehicles.
                                          Visitors use mainly on foot or horseback."

                                  c) No. 5 (located adjacent to and southeast of the McCotter
                                  Canal and City's jurisdiction), described as:

                                         "Modified natural areas. Trees not cut for
                                          timber production. Openings created for
                                          wildlife. Most roads closed. Little human
                                          disturbance of animals. Visitor entry on
                                          foot or horseback."

                                  All of the above described Croatan holdings and management areas
                                  are depicted on the Constraints to Development Map (A-2) and
                                  considered in preparation of the Land Classification Map (A-3).

                           3.     Craven County, North Carolina Hurricane Evacuation, Hazard
                                  Mitigation and Post Disaster Reconstruction Plan, George
                                  Eighler & Associates, Inc., June 1984. This plan was prepared
                                  using the process outlined ift Before the Storm - Man@_9@
                                  Development to Reduce Hurricane Damages; (August, 1984) by
                                  McElyea, et al. It includes recommended policies and imple-
                                  mentation techniques for Craven County including Township 6.

                            4.    Craven County Land Use Plan Update, Craven County, North
                                  Carolina, John Schofield, AICP, Consultant Planner and
                                  Donald Bumgardner, County Planner (February 1982). The
                                  plan was an update of the CAMA Plan (1976) prepared under
                                  the planning guidelines of the Coastal Area Management Act.
                                  An amendment to the Land Classification Map adopted May
                                  6, 1983, changed froin Community and Rural to Transitional
                                  land adjacent in the Westbrook Subdivision area prior to
                                  extension of the City's extraterritorial jurisdiction.
                                  Coordination of the Craven County and Havelock's Land Use
                                  Plan and development policies is required by the CAMA
                                  guidelines.

                            5.    Flood Insurance Study, Havelock, North Carolina, Federal
                                  Emergency Management Agency, September 23, 1985. The study
                                  includes Havelock and its extraterritorial jurisdiction.
                                  Flooding caused by hurricane induced storm surge is studied
                                  in detail. Areas projected for development in areas possibly
                                  subject to flooding through 1988, were studied in detail also.
                                  The study, flood insurance rate map and floodway boundary map

                                                         23

                                  were most helpful in preparing the Constraints to Development
                                  Map (A-2) and Land Classification Map (A-3), and in helping
                                  define those limited areas subject to flood damage during
                                  hurricanes. A Flood Plain Zoning Ordinance will be adopted
                                  in late 1986, by Havelock to put in place required and necess-
                                  ary building controls and flood plain protection measures in
                                  conformance with the Federal Emergency Management. Agency's
                                  Flood insurance program.

                            6.    Preliminary Engineering Report on McCotter Canal Drainage
                                  Basin for the City ofHavelock, North Carolina, James E.
                                  Stewart & Associates, Inc., October 1984. Major drainage
                                  problems in the face of increa,sing development in East Have-
                                  lock prompted the City to commission this  preliminary drainage
                                  plan. It proposes alternative systems of   artificial drainage
                                  structures and ditching improvements that  would shed stormwater
                                  and seasonal high water ground water from  developed and deve-
                                  loping sections of the City, and the rest  of the McCotter Canal/
                                  Shop Branch drainage basin. The McCotter   Canal is proposed under
                                  Alternative I for channelization by an open concrete channel.
                                  Total preliminary cost estimates indicate approximately $6.3
                                  million would be required to build a system of concrete and
                                  earth channels or $2.4 million using all earth channels.

                                  Limited new ditching and some improved maintenance has occurred
                                  following the study. However, methods of financing the recommended
                                  improvements have not been determined.

                                  The plan has not been evaluated concerning the potential for
                                  water pollution in the Shop's Branch, Hancock Creek, and Slocum
                                  Creek estuarine systems.

                           Policies and regulations effecting land use in Havelock that have been
                      adopted within the last five years include:

                            1.    Standard Design Criteria and Operating Procedures--Streets@
                                  waters, sanitary sewer, storm sewer-City of Havelock, North
                                  Carolina, prepared by Moore-Gardner & Associates, Ashboro,
                                  North Carolina, adopted by the Havelock Board of Commissioners,
                                  January 10, 1983. The ordinance includes provisions requiring
                                  temporary and permanent' erosion control measures in accordance
                                  with approved erosion control plans. In addition the City
                                  requires establishment or seeding of ground cover on new deve-
                                  lopment sites 221jar to issuance of a certificate of occupancy
                                  by the Inspections Department.

                                                            24

                           2.    Capital Reserve Ordinances - Water System Expansion and Waste-
                                 water treatment of Havelock, North Carolina, adopted June 25,
                                 1984. These reserve funds are providing a means of setting
                                 aside monies to use for major improvement to the City's Water
                                 treatment and distribution and wastewater systems enabling the
                                 city the ability to match state Clean Water Funds and expand
                                 or improve these utilities to meet increasing demand.

                           3.    Revised Water and Sewer Connection Fee Schedules were   adopted
                                 by the Havelock Board of Commissioners, September 28,  1981. These
                                 user fees provide for "impact" monies; those needed to enlarge
                                 and upgrade the water and wastewater utilities as a result of
                                 new development being added to these systems; Revenues over
                                 costs of operation go into the capital reserve funds.

                           4.    Fiscal 1986-87 Budget, City of Havelock, which includes funds
                                 for Phase I Water System Improvements ($467,000) and Phase I
                                 Wastewater Treatment System Improvements ($850,000). The use
                                 of these funds is explained in Chapter III under Community
                                 Facilities.

                           5.    Amendment to Section 3, Article II, Appendix A of the Havelock
                                 Zoning Ordinance, September 25, 1984, when the Accident Potential
                                 Zones I and II plus updated noise zones from the AICUZ Plan
                                 Update (1,981). These amendments were made in response to the
                                 AICUZ Plan Update as a tool to aide in implementing the compatible
                                 land use objectives of the AICUZ program for MCAS Cherry Point
                                 and Havelock.

                           6.    Amendment to Article III, Section 1, Appendix to the Havelock
                                 Zoning Ordiance reducing off-street parking area requirements
                                 for non-residential uses by one-third (August 1986). In re-
                                 cognition that excessive paved off-street parking was being
                                 required for non*-residential development, the City reduced by
                                 one-third the number of spaces required. This has the re-
                                 cognized (long term) benefit of saving scare land for open
                                 space, landscaping, And building construction. Furthermore,
                                 less paved area should mean less polluted storm water runoff
                                 into area streams.

                           7.    Enforcement of the North Carolina Sedimentation Erosion Control
                                 Act requirements under jurisidiction of the City of Havelock,
                                 by ordinance was taken over by the North Carolina Department of
                                 -Natural Resources and Community Development, Division of Land
                                 Resources. The local Sedimentation Erosion Control Ordinance
                                 includes provisions for erosion control of lots as small as
                                 7,000 square feet, whereas the states jurisdiction stops at a
                                 minimum of one acre.

                                                             25

                           The Division of Land Resources took over enforcement of the
                           Act's provisions in 1984, following their findings that
                           Havelock was not adequately enforcing the ordinance as it
                           related to the Woodhaven Street crossing of the East Branch of
                           Slocum Creek.

                     8.    Minimum Housing Code of the City of Havelock (October 1, 1981).
                           Although Havelock's housing is relatively new and in good
                           condition, the city adopted a minimum housing code similar to
                           the North Carolina Model Minimum Housing Code prepared by the
                           N. C. League of Municipalities (1978). The Building Inspections
                           Department enforces this code. The City should be.commended .
                           for enforcing these regulations as   a   preventative maintenance
                           policy that too many other North Carolina communities with
                           poor housing conditions have not adopted.

                     9.    The Zoning Ordinance was amended in 1985, to add the R-7 MH,
                           Mobile Home Subdivision section. It permits development of
                           planned subdivisions for the sale or rental of lots for
                           manufactured housing. Until this ordinance was enacted
                           mobile homes were required to locate in mobile home parks..
                          @Minimum lot size was set at 5,000 square feet.

                      Relevant Federal and State Regulations.  The North Carolina Division
                of Coastal Management, North Carolina Department of Natural Resources and Community
                Development published, "A Guide to Protecting Coastal Waters through Local Planning,
                May, 1986." The guide contains a comprehensive summary of various state and federal
                laws effecting water and land disturbing activities in coastal North Carolina.
                This plan includes the guide's summary by reference.

                                                      26

                                 SIGNIFICANT LAND USE COMPATIBILITY PROBLEMS

                          The most significant land use compatibility problem facing the
                    future development of Havelock remains the noise and crash potential caused
                    by military aircraft operations over or near populated areas.

                          A second area of concern to the community is drainage of existing
                    developed sections of the city, particularly eastern segments, and plan-
                    ning and funding major drainage improvements. The Coastal Resources
                    Commission has added another factor to the equation--reducing the pollution
                    potential of urban storm water runoff on coastal waters.

                          Military Aircraft Operations at MCAS, Cherry Point. The development
                    of the Havelock commuity has occured as a direct result of the presence of
                    the air station. The economic and social well-being of the city and region
                    are very much effected by changes in military and civilian employment at
                    Cherry Point and NARF. This is well understood by most of the residents
                    living off-station who live, work, and play under the everpresent military
                    aircraft operations. Not too surprisingly then, interviewers conducting
                    the Citizen Attitude Survey last February found that over 75 percent of the
                    sampled population were "concerned" about noise and aircraft operating
                    overhead, but*they also stated they knew about these things when they
                    moved there and very much supported the military base. These survey results
                    were similar for civilian as well as military respondents. George M.
                    Britton, of Behavior Research Associates, summed it up by saying: "It
                    (aircraft noise, etc.) was a popular    non-issue."-!/Regardless, however,   of
                    the majority opinion, the military and city officials need to take the       issue
                    even more seriously than they have during the last ten years as more devel-
                    opment unsuited to locating near aircraft operations pressures for available
                    space. To prevent further encroachment of incompatible development, thereby
                    providing a quieter and--safer environment for the people in Havelock and
                    to protect the mission of the air station and its economic benefits, the
                    Air Installation Compatible Use Zones (AICUZ) Program was instituted at
                    MCAS, Cherry Point in 1975, and updated in May 1981.
                          The 1981 AICUZ Update was published too late to'be referred to in the
                    previous CAMA Plan Update. Signift    *cant changes had occured in the operational
                    functions at the air station between 1978 and 1981, as a result of noise

                    !/Citizen Opinion Survey, Havelock, N.C., Behavior Research Associates,
                    Kinston, N.C. (February 198.6).

                                                        27

                       surveys in an effort to reduce high noise levels over populated areas
                       on and off the air station. The executive summary to the 1981 AICUZ Update
                       of the earlier program:

                                   "Two important changes in the methodology of determining
                                     a station's AICUZ have been implemented since the 1975
                                   surveys . . .   the day/night average sound level (Ldn)
                                   noise discriptor has been used instead of,the composite
                                   noise rating (CNR) descriptor. Ldn is an objective noise
                                   measure that predicts more accurately (emphasis added) the
                                   impact of noise on peo@_le. The method of determining
                                   accident potential zones (APZ's) has also changed; resulting
                                   in a larger area being impacted. This change more accu-
                                   rately reflects the potential for accidents."1/

                             The updated AICUZ's noise and accident potential zones are shown
                       on Map A-2, The Constraints to Development Map of this plan. It reflects
                       a significant reduction of higher noise levels over populated areas; but
                       more area off runway 5 is located in APZ's because of the more accurate
                       criteria mentioned above.

                             Even while the first AICUZ plan was being prepared the air stationis
                       command and logistics personnel worked closely with City officials in
                       seeing that the AICUZ' goals would be implemented by the City. The City
                       was the first North Carolina community located near an airport to adopt
                       and enforce a comprehensive package of policy and regulatory controls
                       to help implement such a compatible land use plan. These actions included:

                                   1. Zoning ordinance amendments to reflect AICUZ standards;
                                   2. Zoning map amendments to reflect AICUZ footprints;
                                      Use.of Subdivision Regulations to screen residential
                                      subdivision proposals;
                                   4. Adoption of a noise disclosure ordinance requiring notice
                                      to home buyers to noise levels effecting the property; and
                                   5. A development moratorium for potentially highest noise
                                      and accident potential zones that kept incompatible
                                      residential subdivisions from developing.

                             After the 1981 Update was published Havelock amended its zoning
                       ordinance to incorporate the new APZ's. This was not accomplished until
                       September 1984, after the city first extended its extraterritorial area
                       in 1983. Also, and perhaps because of the substantial change in noise
                       levels over populated areas, the Fair Disclosure Ordinance has not been
                       enforced or amended.   Although it should be mentioned that both the Veteran's
                       Administration and Federal Housing Administration'operate under a
                       Federal directive that necessitates their acceptance of noise levels
                       being within acceptable limits before approving financing for new housing
                       projects.

                             Not knowing whit the future mission changes will be at the air station
                       makes it difficult to plan for compatible land use ten years or more into

                                                         28

                      the future. There are already signs that runway 32, east of N.C. 101,
                      will see more aircraft activity. With this in mind and as recommended
                      in the 1981 AICUZ Update, the military has recently acquired about
                      100 acres on the east side of the curve in N.C. 101 and parallel to
                      runway 32. This provides a small amount of buffer considering the Noise
                      Zone 3 (75 Ldn) extends across the highway several hundred feet over
                      private property which is under consideration for development as a part
                      of a 150 acre planned development project.        The City will need to
                      act cautiously, as it has in the past, to work within the objectives of
                      the AICUZ program. During the fall of 1986, the City Board of Commiss    *ioners
                      acted prudentiallyfollowing advise from Base personnel, in first denying
                      a developer's request to re-zone an area located in a Noise Zone 3 area
                      from a residential--agricultural (R-20A) "holding zone" to medium to high
                      density residential (R-7 and R-M), opting instead to pursuade the applicant
                      into a more compatible commercial zoning for 50 acres closest to the high
                      noise and re-arranging the remaining 100 acres for the planned residential
                      development. The Land Classification Map (A-3) reflects similar patterns.

                             The unsubdivided vacant lands located off the end of runway 5,
                      between Woodhaven and Foxcroft subdivisions is subject to various APZ's
                      and is zoned light industrial which would generally permit development
                      of property in conformance with the AICUZ. However, residents from
                      within the Woodhaven subdivision who live near the Blue Bell factory
                      expressed concerns on the opinion survey that they did not want to see
                      more factories locate nearby. Property located across the railroad
                      and within APZ's is owned by the National Forest Service, which will be
                      retained in the Croatan in support of the AICUZ.

                             In summary, there needs to be a continuing dialog between officials
                      for the city and the air station in order that future development conflicts
                      can be avoided.

                             Drainage and Soils   Poor drainage, especially in eastern Havelock
                      together with the all too frequent heavy rain shQwers'was on everyones
                      minds when the opinion survey was conducted in February, much as it was
                      when the first attitude survey was conducted ten years earlier.     People
                      throughout the community are, however, more aware of the problem    now , yet
                      more development is effected by poor drainage than ever before.     Storm
                      water drainage was . . ."the number one issue amoung the persons    selected
                      by the survey.".'   Furthermore, the surveyors noted:

                                  "Even those not effected by this problem cited
                                   this as a major problem for others, therefore
                                   a major issue. Most persons seemed to want to
                                   place the 'blame' on development that was allowed
                                   in flood plain or 'swamp' areas." 1/

                             The City his spent money and energy attempting to solve the drainage.

                      I/Citizen Opinion Survey, Havelock, N.C., Behavior Research Associates
                      Kinston, N.C. (February 26, 1986), p. 2.

                                                         29

                                                  az
                              Ir -

                                          At
                            1_407_-
                                       t4

                    The above photo shows good example of shallow well-maintained open ditch
                    or swale along McCotter Boulevard.

                    The large ditch below drains eastward toward McCotter canal. Ditch
                    maintenance is a constant problem.

                            mi=

                                                           @;R
                                                         -2W

                    problems. The 1976 CAMA Plan included ample descriptions of the
                    existing and future concerns and some of the consequences of the
                    Qity,@s continuing growth on flat terrain and soils with high ground
                    water tables with inadequate drainage systems. With this in mind the
                    City adopted - a strategy for dealing with the problems.which started
                    with.(l).having    City wide large scale plainimetric maps with detailed
                    topographic information prepared; and (2) having an engineering study
                    prepared to analyze the-existing drainage systems in light of expected
                    development.impacts on increasing storm water runoff. The drainage
                    study would then provide short term and long range recommendations for
                    improving drainage throughout the City and its jurisdiction. More
                    discussion,of the drainage constraints on development and some of the
                    related issues are described further in Chapter III, Constraints to
                    Development.

                                        PROBLEMS FROM UNPLANNED DEVELOPMENT

                          Since the early to mid-seventies the City of Havelock has been
                    actively engaged in planning for the growth and development that was
                    predicted would occur. The City's Zoning Ordinance, Subdivision
                    Regulations, utility planning and extension policies have all been adopted
                    inorder to provide growth management.- The earlier CAMA Plans, 201
                    Wastewater Facilities Plan, two drainage studies, Standard Design Criteria,
                    and many other plans, policies, and regulations have been put into
                    use for the purpose .of reducing potential for problems of unplanned
                    development. Even with these land use tools 'and those of the federal,
                    state, and county governments too, all.potential problems from past
                    and future development may not  '@- --have been dealt with properly in
                    the past nor may they be totally avoided in the future. One of the
                    purposes on this plan update is to identify policies and implementation
                    strategies to address those land use problems that can be anticipated.

                          Some of the more obvious problems from unplanned development have
                    already been mentioned above, namely: incompatible residential development
                    in high noise and accident potential zones; or too rapid development
                    on poorly drained soils when downstream drainage systems won't handle
                    the added storm water runoff. Other problems have been a hodgepodge
                    of mixed commercial, residential, and office uses that built along
                    Main Street withAnadequate parking lots, driveways, and setbacks from
                    the road--mostly before there were any zoning or other development
                    regulations.

                          Controversial zoning issues have,-arisen from time to time even
                    with the land use tools available to the city. Residents of established
                    single family large lot neighborhoods generally do not desire higher
                    density (smaller'lot) subdivisions or multi-family housing to locate
                    next door. Concerns generally revolve around increased traffic and
                    a feeling that existing property values will be adversely affected.

                                                         30

                                  yl@

                                                                      jg

                                                V

                                                           US-

                                    . . . . . . .                WWI @ 7-

                    Curbs and gutters channel  street storm water into drains in this West
                    Havelock subdivision..

                                                             twin,
                                                    EN

                             200 R

                    Open ditches and no curbs and gutters in this area of east Havelock
                    retain some water days following rain showers.

                        AREAS EXPERIENCING OR LIKELY TO EXPERIENCE MAJOR LAND USE CHANGE

                         From examination of existing and approved development proposals
                   in view of historical trends and the grown projections discussed
                   in Chapter IV,
                         Havelock will continue to develop outwardly from the City as well
                   as have some degree of infill on available lands that are already under-
                   going residential and commercial development. Generally for the ten
                   year planning period the area southeast and east of McCotter Blvd.
                   and along N.C. 101 toward its curve near runway 32 will see continued
                   development with most of it in housing.(this of course if the various
                   constraints discussed in Chapter IV are satisfactorily addressed).
                   Additional residential development is also anticipated southwest of the
                   Tryon Park area, northwest of the city in the Greenfield Blvd. area,
                   and north of the Westbrook Subdivision. The principal land use that
                   will be displaced as a result of continued -City expansion will be forest
                   lands.

                                                    31

                       CHAPTER III

                       CONSTRAINTS TO DEVELOPMENT

                                                     INTRODUCTION

                                    Havelock continues to grow within the confines of significant
                       man-made and natural constraints. Careful planning is required in order
                       for Havelock to continue developing in a way that will lessen the quality
                       of life for present and future residents, nor distroy natural resources
                       the coTamunity.is fortunate to be surrounded with. As described in Chapter
                       IV, Estimated Growth Demand, there is adequate land available with few
                       constraints or ones for which careful planning and sensible actions will
                       overcome identified constraints, to provide the estimated 1,167 acres
                       of development room needed in the next ten years..

                             The major  constraints to development are virtually unchanged from
                       those described  in the earlier CAMA plans, namely:

                                    1)  High ground water table and poorly drained soils in
                                        90 Percent of the planning area;
                                    2)  Flooding both caused by development in poorly drained
                                        areas and from larger storms that may cause major
                                        flooding in the floodplains of local creeks;
                                    3)  Steep slope areas along the terraces that overlook
                                        local creeks;
                                    4)  Fragile natural areas such as coastal wetlands, wooded
                                        bottomlands, areas that sustain remnant plant or
                                        animal species;
                                    5)  Boundaries of the Croatan National Forest;
                                    6)  Boundaries of properties owned by the MCAS, Cherry Po *int;
                                    7)  The high noise and accident potential zones depicted
                                        in the AICUZ within the planning area; and
                                    8)  Adequacy of community facilities to sustain growth.

                             Soils--Suitability and Limitations. The Soil Conservation Service
                       published detailed soils information for the Havelock area.in August
                       1973. There were 39 soil mapping units identified in the survey, all but
                       the Kalmia loamy sand soils with 2 to 6 percent slopes have severe
                       restrictions for septic tanks caused by high ground water tables. Except
                       where construction of new streets, parking lots, houses, commercial
                       buildings, and other development has disturbed surface conditions the
                       soil survey is siill current.

                             Flooding Caused by Poor Drainage and Development. The preceeding
                       chapter included some descriptions of the symptoms of developing a
                       community in an area with generally flat terrain and poorly drained
                       soils. Flooding of ditches, vards, and streets occurs frequently following
                       locally heavy rains.

                                                          32

                            The City commissioned the engineering firm of Townes, Edwards, &
                      Fisher of Morehead City, N. C., to prepare a drainage study of Havelock
                      and the extraterritorial area in 1977. The study was completed in
                      August 19 77, and reviewed by a special drainage committee for the Planning
                      Board.11 By 1978, an extensive listing of recommended immediate and long term
                      solutions were adopted. There are too ma ny actions contained in the report
                      and program-of-work to list here. A copy of the study is on file at the Public
                      Works Department for reference. Suffice to say, the ..ity began implementing
                      manyof the maintenance recommendations and also acquired a 60 foot wide easement
                      from Weyerhouser Corporation east of the Tryon Park subdivision for use as
                      a major diversion ditch for storm water runoff from the Cherry Plaza
                      commercial area. Havelock seemed to be on its way toward solving some of
                      its drainage problems.

                            Meanwhile, development picked up quickly as the air station's
                      activities increased and after the City was able to begin allowing more
                      tap-ons to the ity's sanitary sewer and water systems. Between 1980,   ' and
                      1986, approximately 900 housing units were built in the McCotter Boulevard
                      and Havelock High School areas. A second drainage study was commissioned by
                      the ity as a result of compounded flooding problems in the eastern drainage
                      basin to McCotter Canal. The engineering firm of James E. Stewart and
                      Associates, Inc., Jacksonville, N.C., indicated in their report that was
                      presented to the city in October, 1984, that the McCotter Canal was not low
                      enough and did not have enough grade to allow the accelerated gro2und water and
                      storm water runoff to drain from individual development projects - In essence
                      a major overhaul of the McCotter Canal and the feeder ditch system was sugges@ed.
                      Two basic alternatives were presented.. one called for mostly concrete channels
                      at an estimated cost of 6.6 million dollars. The second was less expensive
                      initially at approximately 2.4 million dollars, but because it called for mostly
                      earthen open cut channels it would have higher maintenance costs associated
                      with failing embankments.

                            Since the McCotter Canal drainage study in 1984, the City has been
                      exploring various methods of funding the improvements.    A combination
                      of drainage basin special tax assessments, new development impact fees
                      to pay for improvements required downstream to accomodate additional runoff
                      from new development, and general funds, bond financing, and state assistance
                      are all being considered. In addition, the City is expected to reexamine
                      its Standard Design Criteria, with consideration of adopting some form of
                      a storm water management criteria so that future development would need to
                      submit alternative drainage plans with an emphasis of storm water retention.
                      In addition, the State Environmental Management Commission and Coastal
                      Resources Commission strongly favor local governments to evaluate the
                      effects urban storm water runoff has on coastal waters. Using holding
                      ponds and avoiding development of areas requiring extensive artificial drainage
                      is preferred by the state in order to protect down stream water quality.
                           1/ The d-rainage committee included Jim Elder, Jim Shank, Art Watson,
                      Ken Barnes, and William A. Townes, P.E.
                           2/ Preliminary Engineering Report, McCotter Canal Drainage Basin, for
                      the City of Havelock, James E. Stewart & Assoc., Inc., Jacksonville, N.C.,
                      October, 1984.

                                                          33

                             Another point was made by the consulting engineers to the McCotter
                       Drainage basin study that is worth mentioning here. On page P-20,
                       of the study was the following statement:

                                   "This report assumes that those areas lying to the
                                    Northern and Western sides of the existing McCotter'
                                    Canal are or will be developed in the near future.
                                    The area lying South and East of McCotter Canal
                                    commonly known as the Forest Service and Weyerhauser
                                    properties is assumed not to be developed within
                                    the foreseeable future."1/

                             Given the current and anticipated significant drainage problems
                       that need to be overcome on the Northern and Western side of the
                       McCotter Canal, the City does not believe it will be desireable for
                       Havelock to promote development East'of the McCotter Canal during
                       the next ten years. The same is generally true for the area South
                       of the Canal with the exception that the City believes it is very
                       important to extend McCotter Boulevard Southwestward as proposed in
                       the Thoroughfare Plan. The Land Classification Map (A-3), therefore
                       shows approximately 100 acres of forested land Southwest of U.S. 70
                       in Transition Class. While the majority of Forest Service land Southward
                       is shown in the Conservation Class.

                             Flooding Along Area Creeks.   The City has been waiting for
                       ten years for the detailed maping of the'100 year flood plains and
                       floodways and the Flood Insurance Study so that a Flood Damage Prevention
                       Ordinance could be adopted. The City is expected to adopt such an
                       ordinance late in 1986, begin enforcing it and enter the Regular Insurance
                       Program. The ordinance will help the ity to prevent obstructions to
                       the Iloodways of creeks, lessening potential flooding damage s to properties
                       The Land Classification Map includes not previously filled or developed
                       lands within the 100-year flood plain in the Conservation Class,
                       to further protect them from incompatible development.

                             Steep Slope Areas. The 1976 CAMA Plan suggested the existance of
                       a number of places in Havelock near Slocum Creek and the East and West
                       Prongs of Slocum Creek where slopes exceeded 12 percent. The slopes
                       are subject to excessive erosion if vegetation is removed. The detailed
                       planimetric mapping of the City showing one foot contours and elevations
                       should now be consulted to locate these areas more precisely.

                             Fragile Natural Areas. Chapter V, includes basic descriptions of
                       Areas of Environmental Concern and other fragile habitats in the
                       Havelock area and the policies and strategies for protecting them.

                       1/ Stewart,'p-20, 07tober 31, 1984.

                                                          34

                           Boundaries of the Croatan National Forest. Within the planning area the
                      boundaries of the Croatan have remained fixed since before the 1981 CAMA Plan
                      Update. The Croatan limits outward expansion of development to the Southeast
                      South, Southwest, West, and Northwest. The Land and Resource Management Plan
                      Croatan and Uwharrie National Forests 1986-2000, contains a comprehensive
                      management program for all the lands within the Croatan. Very detailed des-
                      criptions of wildlife habitat, remnant species, such as the red-cockaded wood-
                      pecker, recreation opportunities, and timber management are included.l/

                           Boundaries of MCAS Cherry Point. As mentioned elsewhere in this plan
                      update, the very existence of the City of Havelock and the development that has
                      been witnessed since 1941, has been directly a result of the air station. The
                      City does not anticipate any significant changes inthe Base's property holdings
                      in the near future,

                           AICUZ. A summary of the constraints to development caused by aircraft
                      operations at the air station are described in Chapter II, pp. 27-29. The
                      current Air Installations Compatible Use Zone Plan for Cherry Point provides a
                      complete program for the air station and community to minimize development con-
                      flicts within the planning area. Reference should also be made to the Constraints
                      Map (Map A-2) in the back pocket of this plan. The map shows a portion of the
                      1981 AICUZ noise and crash hazard footprints together with new flight patterns
                      identified by the base in 1986.

                      I/ Land and Resource Management Plan 1986-2000, Croatan & Uwharrie National
                        Forests, USDA Forest Service Southern Region.

                                                        35

                                                       WATER SYSTEM

                              The Havelock water system started operating in 1968. Table 11
                       illustrates the growth in customers served by the expanding system. In
                       August 1975, there were 1,638 customers on a system that was in need of
                       additional elevated storage tank and treatment pumping cpacity to keep up
                       with the growing demand from potential residential and business customers
                       especially in East Havelock. Beginning with plans prepared by the firm of
                       Moore-Gardner and Associates, Ashboro, North Carolina in August 1973, the
                       City has undertaken a number of water treatment system improvements,
                       allowing service of new subdivision development and annexed areas. These
                       improvements included a 300,000 gallon elevated storage tank located be-
                       hind Cherry Plaza in East Havelock, treatment filters and distribution
                       lines. By June 30, 1986, the water system had added 1,055 users of all
                       types, a    64 percent increase from 1975, with an average annual growth
                       rate of 96 customers.

                                    Table 11. . . Growth in   Water and Sewer Services
                                                   1975 and 1986

                                                                                                    Average
                                                             198 2/        %                        Annual
                       Single Family,           1975-11          6-=       Change       Change      Growth
                       trailers, small
                       businesses                1,546       2,564           66%        1,018           99.5

                       Apartments, larger
                       businesses, churches,
                       and schools                  92          129          407.          37            3.4

                       All Users                 1,638       2,693           64%                        95.9

                       Source: Havelock Utilities    Department

                       1/ August 30, 1975
                           June 30, 1986

                             Presently, the 900,000 gallons per day pumping capacity is adequate for
                       most of the year, but is insufficient to maintain current customer demand and
                       provide adequate fire protection'reserves in.the elevated storagetanks.
                       during extended dry periods. During extreme emergencies, if the water plant
                       becomes inoperable or fire fighting volumes are needed it is possible to ob-
                       tain water from the MCAS Cherry Point water system by turning interconnecting
                       valves.

                              Improvements to the water system budgeted in the 1986-87 City budget
                       includes$467,500 for Phase I of the Water Plant Expansion. These funds are

                                                            36

                       earmarked for construction of an additional underground storage tank. In
                       1988, the City plans to add additional water treatment capacity of 1.5
                       million gallons per day by construction of a second treatment plant adjacent
                       to the Cherry Plaza elevated storage tank. State Clean Water Grant funds and
                       funds from the City's Capital Improvements Fund for-water system improvements
                       are projected to be sufficient to meet these needs.

                             Table 12     shows volume totals of treated.water distributed to the
                       public from July 1984 to June 30, 1986.

                                           Table 12 ... Havelock Water Distribution
                                                           1984-19861/

                                                             (in millions)
                                                       1984           1985         1986

                                    July               2.57           2.78         ---
                                    August             2.66           2.69         ---
                                    September          2.46           2.68         ---
                                    October            2.45           2.62         ---
                                    November           2.28           2.52         ---
                                    December           2.34           2.52         ---
                                    January            ---            2.52         2.61
                                    February           ---            2.52         2.36
                                    March              ---            2.57         2.70
                                    April              ---            2.72         2.93
                                    May                               2.66         3.00
                                    June               ---            2.98         2.84

                       Source: Havelock Utilities Department
                       _!/Treated volumes of water sold to the public per month.

                              Current tap on fees for connection to the water system were established
                       November 1, 1981, based on recommendations from the City's consulting engineers
                       at the rates shown in Table 13 . These rates were set to equitably 'Pay for
                       user costs to the system for operation, maintenance, and routine replacement
                       of equipment and facilities. These rates are in conformani7 with all Federal
                       regulations perta@ning to the construction, grants program.-

                                                            37

                                              Table 13.       Water Tap Fees

                            "The fees to be charged as tap on or connection fees are as follows:

                                             Water Tap on or Connection Fees
                     (a)    Tap ons or connections prior to November 1, 1982 within subdivisions
                            recorded on or before October 31, 1981 and subsidivions having re-
                            ceived Step II approval on or before October 31, 1981 under the
                            Havelock Subdivision.Ordinance form      the  Board of Commissioners:

                            3/4 inch meter  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      $   150.00
                            I inch meter  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      $   200.00
                            1-1/4 inch meter  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      $   300.00
                            1-1/2 inch meter  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      $   425.00
                            2 inch meter  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      $   550.00
                            3 inch compound meter    . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     $    to be negotiated
                            Outside city limits add    . . . . . . . . . . . . .     $    50.00

                     (b)    Tap ons or connections except     as provided    otherwise in Subparagraph
                            (a) above, and all tap ons or     connections   on and after November 1, 1982:

                            3/4 inch meter  . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .     $ 650.00
                            1 inch meter  . . . .                                    $   700.00
                            1-1/4 inch meter  . . .                                  $   800.00
                            1-1/2 inch meter. .      . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     $   925.00
                            2 inch meter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... .          $1,050.00
                            3 inch compound meter    . . . . . . . . . . . . . .          to be negotiated
                            Outside city limits add    . . . . . . . . . . . . .     $    50.00

                            The foregoing fees under    this Subparagraph (b) shall      be increased
                            by $500.00 for each residential living unit in excess of one served
                            by a master water meter.

                     Source: Havelock City Code

                     1/ Moore-Gardner & Associates, User Charge System, Havelock 201 Facilities
                         Plan, June 1979.

                                                          38

                                      In 1984, the City adopted a Capital Reserve Fund for water and
                             sewer treatment facilites improvements. Most of the added tap-on fees
                             collected since then from new development has gone into this fund.
                             These monies plus State Clean Water monies and pay as you go General
                             Fund dollars are being used to undertake the Phase I improvements to both
                             systems.

                                     The 1986-87 budget also includes $35,000 for construction of loop
                             connections: one at Highway 101 and Shipman Street; one between
                             Speight Street and Nunn Street of Shepard Street; and one on Lynnwayne
                             Circle. These loops are part of the City's continuing program to upgrade
                             its water distribution systems for domestic use and fire fighting
                             purposes.

                                                                   Table 14 . . . Water/Sewer System User Trends 1985-86

                                                                     1985                               1986
                         Rate Schedules and         Jul)r   Aul    Sept   Oct   Nov   Dec    Jan   Feb    Mar   Apr    nz     June
                         Meter Size

                         Inside Water & Sewer      2355 2376      2403 2413     2428 2450 2482     2490 2510 2526 2544 2564
                             code (01) 3/4"

                         Inside Water (Only)
                             ,code (02) 1"             65  64        63    63      63     63    64    64     64    64     64     63

                         Outside Water & Sewer
                             code (04) 1V               2     2       2     2       2      2     2   62       62   .62     62    62

                         Outside Water (only)
                             code (05) Li"             63    63      63    63      63     63    63    63     64    64     64     64

                             Total                  2485   2505    2531  2541   2556   2578   2611 2619    2640 2656    2674  2693

                             Source: Havelock       Utilities      Department

                                                                           39

                                                                                        The City's drinking water
                                                                                        received low marks by
                                                                                        those surveyed in February
                                                                                        1986. The treatment plant

                                                                              -4

                                                           I'll . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
                                                        10,

                     and elevated 300,000 gallon
                     storage tank on Lynwayne
                     Circle will be supplemented
                     by improvements to pumping
                     capacityat the Webb
                     Boulevard site in'1987.
                     Other improvements
                     scheduled for the
                     next five years will
                     just keep pace with
                     demand.

                                                                                  3- WM @W-

                        The public opinion survey conducted in February 1986, indicated that the
                  residences using the Havelock water supply were generally dissatisfied with
                  the color and taste of their drinking water. The interview team was frequently
                  subjected to samples of rust or muddy colored water with a distinct taste.
                  According to the Public Works Director, sediment periodically enters the water
                  system when the treatment plant's water softeners are down. When storage
                  capability is sufficient and during off peak demand periods the following
                  solutions to the problems are suggested as possible means of reducing the    amount
                  of line sediment and improving water color.

                        (1)   Initiate a systematic hydrant/line flushing program starting
                              closest to the treatment plant and working outward. This
                              could be assigned to the Fire Department which would also give
                              them the opportunity to 'perform pressure tests;

                        (2)   Initiate a line cleaning or "pegging" system to loosen scale
                              and sediment as part of the hydrant flushing program.

                        These programs, or others, may help provide more consistently clear
                  drinking water, but could raise public complaints during flushing periods.
                  A public education program with notices to customers in advance of such
                  procedures would be appropriate.

                                                 SANITARY SEWER

                       The City of Havelock ownes and operates a 1.25 million gallon per day
                  (mgd) capacity nitrification type sewage treatment plant, located off of
                  Jackson Drive and adjacent to Slocum Creek. The City is operating under a
                  permit (called a Special Order of Consent or SOC) issued by the North Carolina
                  Division of Environmental Management. The present average daily sewage flow
                  treated at the plant is 1.0 mgd. The SOC allows the City to treat another
                  115,350 gallons per day--nearly at the plant's capacity. Phase II treatment
                  plant improvements have been approved by the Division of Environmental
                  Management to raise treatment capacity to 1.5mgd. These improvements include
                  adding a new circular clarifer, new lines from the existing contact beds,
                  and an intermediate pump station. All construction must be completed and the
                  plant operational before September 1987, so that the City may stay in compliance
                  with state regulations and meet its commitmentt for development to tap on to
                  the system.
                       Havelock's 1986-87 fiscal year Capital ImprovementsFund includes
                  appropriations of $850,000 for completing the Phase II sewer plant expansion.
                  The revenues for the project come from the following sources:

                       1. Transferred from reserve for Plant Expansion    - $222,000.
                       2. Transferred from General Fund                   - $200,000.
                       3. State Clean Water Funds                         - $413,280.
                       4. Interest Earned                                 - $ 14,720.
                                                              . Total     - $850,000.

                       Once Phase II is completed the expanded treatment  plant will be able
                  to accomodate projected sewage treatment demand until the end of the ten-year

                                                       40

                    planning period. The City's long range wastewater treatment plans call
                    for quarter million gallon per day increases in capacity--staying ahead of
                    demand--eventually reaching a maximum of 2.5 mgd capacity at the Jackson
                    Drive plant.

                           The City has a progressive sewer tap on or connection fee schedule
                    and requires new developments to install sewage collection lines in accordance
                    with its subdivision regulations and standard design criteria. Current
                    fee schedules are shown in Table 15. No significant policy changes regarding
                    sewer system utility extention are anticipated in the planning period.

                                             Table 15 .      Sewer Tap Fees

                                            Sewer Tap on or Connection Fees
                    (a)    Tap ons or connections prior to November 1, 1982 within subdivisions
                           recorded on or before October 31, 1981, and subdivisions having re-
                           ceiv'ed Step II approval on or before October 31, 1981 under the
                           Havelock Subdivision Ordinance from the Board of Commissioners:

                           4 inch service lateral   . . . . .. . . . . . . . . .     $    90.00
                           6 inch service lateral   . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..     $ 165.00
                           If service lateral must cross     a paved street,
                                 add . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .       $  110.00

                    (b)    Tap ons or connections except     as provided otherwise     in Subparagrap  h
                           (a) above, and all tap ons or     connections on and after November 1, 1982:

                           4 inch service lateral   . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      $  590.00
                           6 inch service lateral   . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      $  665.00
                           If service lateral must cross     a paved street,
                                 add . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .       $  110.00

                           The foregoing fees under this     Subparagraph (b) shall     be increased
                           by $500.00 for eachresidential living unit in excess         of one served
                           by a master water meter.

                    Source: Havelock City Code

                                                               41

                                                     EDUCATION

                         Elementary and secondary public school facilities are provided to the
                   Havelock area by the Craven County Public'School system, which merged with
                   the City of New Bern public schools in 1982. There are presently four schools
                   in Havelock with the new Roger Bell Elementary School under construction and
                   scheduled for opening for the 1986-87 school year. This new school is located
                   off NC Highway 101, one-half mile east of Havelock High School.

                         Table 16, below, summarizes school enrollments and building capacities
                   anticipated for Havelock area schools during the 1986-87.school year.

                                       Table 16 . . . Havelock Area School,
                                                       Enrollments and Building Capacities

                                             1986-87 Est. Enrollmen ts             Building Capacity
                   Havelock Elementary                  610                                 750
                   West Havelock Elementary             960                               1,050
                   Roger Bell Elementary                506                                 750
                   Graham Barden Elementary             560                                 750
                   Havelock Jr. High School             850                               1,000
                   Havelock Highschool                  800                               1,000

                         The new elementary school will substantially reduce over crowding that
                   has been a problem in West Havelock Elementary and Havelock Elementary Schools,
                   where temporary classrooms have been used for several years to handle 'an excess
                   demand of approximately 300 elementary school students.

                         Projected population increases in the Havelock, Harlowe, Township 6 area
                   indicate expansions or additional classroom space will again be needed toward
                   the end of the ten year planning period.

                                                        42

                       CHAPTER IV

                       ESTIMATED GROWTH DEMAND

                                                      INTRODUCTION

                             Having discussed many facets of how existing development has occured
                      in Havelock, and having provided analyses of the relative strengths and weak-
                      nesses of existing land use patterns, an attempt will be made in this chapter
                      to determine future demands which will be placed on the land. These demands
                      will include population and economic growth and the relationships of that
                      growth to future land needs to accomodate it. The period of concern is from
                      1985 to 1995.

                             Much of this chapter is devoted to discussions of development issues
                      concerning economic and community development which are prescribed b, lnnd
                      use planning guidelines of the Coastal Resources Commission. However, if
                      they were not required, it would be necessary to discuss most of them because
                      of their applicability to future development in Havelock. From these discussions
                      and projections of future growth will emerge a set of policy statements (in the
                      next chapter) which will include existing City policies toward development, as
                      well as possibly new policies which may have heretofore not been considered or
                      adopted.

                                                    POPULATION GROWTH

                             Recalling the increase in population referred to in Chapter   II it is
                      relatively safe to anticipate continued growth of Havelock's population in the
                      future. While positive population growth is anticipated ... and shown oil the
                      following table of populations projections... it must be noted that there are
                      numerous variables and relationships between them which must be maintain6d in
                      the future as they have in the recent past. For example if the two major area
                      employers MCAS Cherry Point and NARF reduce civilian employment or military
                      personnel, and no new employment opportunities are made available to absorb.the
                      resulting unemployment, it is reasonable to assume that there would be a sig-
                      nificant exodus of Havelock's residents to other employment centers. The
                      exodus in this example would be comparable to the one experienced in other military
                      towns during the late 70's whdn major reductions in force (RIF) took place at
                      some military facilities. Havelock's slowing in population increase during this
                      same period was largely the result of a slight reduction in force at Cherry Point.
                      Employment at NARY and MCAS Cherry Point and future military personnel loadings
                      are expected to increase slightly-@-but steadily through the planning period.

                             Restated, there has to be a balance between employment opportunities,
                      capacities of public facilities to accomodate growth, availability o     :@aie,
                      affordable housing and many other factors before population growth ca;1 be
                      assured. At the present time all of those variables appear to be in proper
                      balance. Because of that, reasonable projections of future population can be
                      made.

                                                           43

                              Table 17 shows projections of future population by five-year periods.
                      These projections were prepared by assuming 5 and 10 year increases slightly
                      higher than those experienced during the 1970-1980 period, approachin& the
                      higher rate of the last five years. Counts for Havelock, MCAS Cherry Point,
                      Township 6, and Craven County are shown for comparison purposes. Chapter II,
                      contains an examination of population and development trends, providing a
                      background for the kollowing projections.

                                      Table 17 . . . Population Projections - Havelock,
                                                           Township 6, and Craven County 1985-1995

                                                        TRENDS                                      PROJECTIONS
                                       1/       1980          198.5       1990      No.                 1995        No.        %
                      Craven County-           71,043      76-,955     '9-1,296    T_,341      5.6     86,610       5,314    6.5
                                  2/
                      Township 6=              21,963      25,843      29,000      3,157     12.2      31,500       2,500    8.6
                      Havelock 1/               4,627        8,300     11,200      3,000     36.1      13,800       2,500   22.1
                      MCAS Cherry Point        13,091      13,300      13,900         600       4.5    14,600      1 700     5.0
                      Total Havelock!/         17,718      21,600      25,200      3,600     16.7      28,400       3,200   12.7
                      Extraterritorial!/        2,523        2,500       1,800     (-700)    (-28)       1,700      (-100)  (-5.5)

                      Total Planning            7,150      10,800      13,100      2,300     21.3      15,500      2,400    18.3
                      (less Cherry Point)

                      Source: 1980 Census of Population Project              ions: 1/ by NC Office of Imallagement &
                                 Budget and 2/ by Clark Planning Services (arithmetic method discounting
                                 for project7d Base population [Table 18] and adding projected annexed
                                  population.

                               As shown above, the County as a whole can expect an increase of 4,341 more
                      residents within the next five years and a total of 5,314 more between 1990,and
                      1995; a net ten year gain of 12.5 percent.
                               Of the projected 9,655 ten year increase in Craven County's population,
                      Havelock can expect, with a continued active annexation program, to gaia about
                      4,700 in population from 8,300 in 1985,to 13,800 by 1995. Approximately 800 o
                      the 5,500 increase in Haveloc0s (net-MCAS Cherry Point) population is expected
                      from annexation of existing subdivisions lying within the extraterritorial area,
                      which shows a decrease from 2,500 to 1,700 in population occuring during the
                      same ten year period a's Havelock's city limits are extended.
                               Havelock's total population with MCAS Cherry Point is expected to increase
                      from 21,500 in 1985, to 28,400 in 1995, a 6,900 increase or 32 percent. An
                      analysis of these population changes on future development and land and community
                      facilities demarids is discussed later in this chapter.

                                                                       44

                            Table18   . . . MCAS Cherry Point Military Housing Projections
                                              1986-2000

                                                                                                Change
                                                                     YEAR                      86-95
                                                          1986          1990         1995       & %            2000
                     Bachelor enlisted quarters        4,078         4,800'         5,500        1,422      .6,000
                                                                                                   35%

                     Housing for military
                     personnel in transition               206          206           326          120          326
                                                                                      58%

                     Hos tess House
                     temporary lodging                      30            30           30            0           30
                     Married family housing
                     1 BR                                  114       No projections   have been made
                     2 BR                              1,053
     It              3 BR.                             1,147
                     4 BR                                 470
                     5 BR                                    3
                     Inactive                               11
                          S.Total                      2,798         2,798          2,798            0        2,798
                                                                      (assumed same levels)
                            Totals (units).            7,112         7,834          8,654        1,542        91154
                                                                                                   22%

                     Source:   Facilities Development Department, MCAS Cherry Point, July 31, 1986.

                                                             45

                     30,000

                                                                  28,00

                     25,000-                                   25,24

                                                          21,600            14.600

                     20,000-

                                                      17018

                                                                   15,5007
                     15,000

                                                                    13,800A,
                                               ANNEXATION OF
                                                               13.100 07
                                               MCAS Cl

                                               POINT ADDED

                                               13,091 in 1979
                                                               11,300

                                                           10, 800

                     10,00()

                                                           8,300

                                                       7

                                               6,1600..

                      51000-
                                               1,1-    4,62@

                                               3,012

                                      2,344

                                    ... ... ... .
                       100

                        1940
                                  50      60      70       so  85   90 95 2000

                                            Y E A R

                                       2
                                  FIGURE    POPULATION TRENDS & PROJECTIONS HAVELOCK, N.C.

                                                  46

                                       IMPACT OF GROWTH ON COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT

                             Considering the projected growth in population and the anticipated
                      stability and growth in the local economy, how then, will this growth take place?
                      Where will it take place and what types of growth can Havelock reasonably expect
                      and/or desire? An attempt to answer these questions is made in the following
                      paragraphs.

                             Using the population projections shown on Table 18 and the existing
                      land use acreages shown on'Table 19 , ratios of population per acre of each
                      land use were calculated for the City and its planning area. By assuming that
                      these ratios will remain constant over the next ten years, they can be multiplied
                      by the projected 1995 populations of each area, resulting in the total number of
                      acres needed for each land use. To determine the additional number of acres which
                      will be needed during this period' the total 1995 acreages are subtracted from
                      those in 1986.- Table 19 contains the results.

                            The existing land use analysis in Chapter II, indicated there are 3,071.8
                      acres of undeveloped land within Havelock and its planning area that has some
                      development potential. Table 19 reveals a projected total development demand of
                      1,167.2 acres by the year 1995. Therefore, it appears possible to reasonably
                      accomodate this high level of land demand without unduly needing to pressure
                      sensitive wetlands, the Croatian National Forest, or high hazard noise and
                      accident potential zones.

                                                        47

                                  Table19    . . . Projections of 1995 Acreages by Land Use
                                                    in Havelock and its Planning Area

                                                        1986                                      1995
                                                                                         Total          Additional
                        Land Use              Acreage            Pop/Acre,11.            Acreage        Acreage Needed
                        Residentiali/.         1270.8                8.4                 1845.2              574.4

                        Commercial
                        (inc. office
                          space)               278.0               38.8                   399.5              121.5

                        Industrial               25.0             432                       35.9              10.8

                        Transportation,
                        Communications &
                        Utilities              684.8               B.8                    981.0             296.2

                        Government &
                        Institutional          154.6               69.9                   221.7               67.1

                        Cultural,
                        Entertainment,
                        & Recreation           223.0               48.4                   320.2               97.2

                        Total Development 2636.2                     4.1                 3803.5            1167.2

                        I/  Planning Area total populations of 10,800 estimate           for January 1,   1986 and
                            15,500 for 1995 were used in these calculations.
                        2/  Residential land use acreage is net area for streets and right-of-way
                            (approx. 25%)

                                                                   48

                             TABLE20   . . . Available platted or approved lots, units,
                                             and spaces by housing types in Havelock        1/
                                             and its Extraterritorial Area,    January 1986-=

                                             Available lots/space
                                             City Water/                             Average Lot/
                                             Sewer        No                         Space Size     Approx
                    Housing Type             Available +  Sewer    Total             in sq. ft.     Acerage

                    Single Family              @476        156       632             14,000          235

                    Multi-family               334          0        334              4,400           34
                    (Apts, Townhomes,
                    Condos)

                    Mobile Homes               443          18       461              5,000           17

                            Totals           1,253         174     1,427                             286

                    Note: These figures do not include MCAS Cherry Point
                    I/ Data estimated by compiling information from windshield survey, January
                        1986, and reviewing approved subdivisions and development plans on file
                        in the Havelock Director of Inspections Office.

                          Existing Approved Land Capacity. Recalling that on page 44,
                    the estimated additional population of 4,700 people (net gain not including
                    effects of annexation), the next question arises: How many and what types
                    of housing should be expected to be added to the existing housing stock?
                    in order to determine an estimate an assumtion was made that average occupied
                    household size would remain at 3.1 people. Dividing 4,700 by 3.1 equals
                    1,510 occupied housing units, with another 75 added at an assumed 5% vacancy
                    rate yields 1,585 units. Again, assuming the same percentages of units
                    in each major housing type today remains constant for the ten year period
                    and the following numbers of single family, multi-family, and mobile home
                    units would be expected:                                    1995 est. demand

                                               Single Family (65%).x 1585 -      1,030
                                               Multi-Family (19%) x 1585 -         301
                                               Mobile Homes (16%) x 1585 -         254

                          Then,  from the.above the estimated 1995, demand    for new single
                    family houses would be 1,030; an additional 301 multi-family units
                    would be needed; and 254 more mobile homes. Where then will these projected
                    housing units locate? Table 20, above includes data that suggests the
                    availability of 1,253 lots or spaces that have already been approved

                                                       49

                       for City' water and sewer (app  roved subdivision and development plans).
                       Another set of assuations must be made to estimate how many of the projected
                       housing units by type will be absorbed. An 80 percent fill up rate
                       was assumed for single family house lots, a 90 percent fill up rate was
                       assumed for multi-family and mobile home developments. The following
                       projections can then be made:

                                                                                      1995 on City
                                                                                           water & sewer

                                               Single family    (80% fill) x 476 = 381
                                               Multi-family     (90% fill) x 334 = 300
                                               Mobile homes     (90% fill) x 443 = 399

                                                                                   1,070  total

                             If the above figures are subtracted from the total demand by
                       housing type, it is possible to estimate the residual demand that will
                       seek other available lots that do not have City sewer or developers
                       will consider requesting additional development approvals. Below are
                       the results:

                                                                                1995 residual demand
                                                                                -     for new developments
                                   Single family    1,030 - 381 absorption      649
                                   Multi-family        301 - 300                   1
                                   Mobile homes        443 - 399                  44

                                                                                694 total

                             The above exercise was provided as an illustration only of the
                       possibilities that perhaps as many (or more) as 1,070 new housing units
                       could be absorbed by existing approved developments with City water and
                       sewer committments. The remainder, 694 would require new developments
                       with most being of the single family variety.

                                                          50

                   CHAPTER V

                   DEVELOPMENT ISSUES AND POLICY STATEMENTS

                                                  INTRODUCTION

                         Growth management of a rapidly developing coastal community requires
                   serious thought regarding values; including conflicting des'ires for growth,
                   economic prosperity, quality of life, quality and protection of the environ-
                   ment. The Coastal Area Management Act places responsibility on the local
                   governing board to see that local policies7are consistent with the Act's goal
                   of protecting valuable coastal resources.
                         The land use plan prepared under"t'he Act's guidelines must address five
                   general policy topics, which are: 1) Resource protection, 2) Resource production
                   and management, 3) Economic and community development, 4) Continuing public
                   participation, and 5) Storm hazard mitigation. Other issues and policies to
                   address them may be locally determined.

                         The 1981 CAMA Plan included locally adopted policy statements, objectives,
                   policy alternatives, and implementation/enforcement decisions by the City of
                   Havelock to address subjects within eachof the first four topics listed above.
                   Each policy was re-examined during the preparation of this plan update as
                   discussed in the following pages. Additionally, the Storm hazard mitigation
                   policies are added to this chapter.

                         Table 21 (pp 52 to 56 ) provided to show a-compilation of issues and
                   actions taken to address them during the last 5 to 10 years. Pending or
                   proposed actions and palicies are described for upcoming years.

                         Issues.    A total of 14 issues were identified in the first CAMA
                   Plan. Four others were added in the 1981 Plan Update. These issues and
                   some of the actions taken to address them are itemized in the first section
                   of the chapter entitled "Changes." In addition 15 more issues of varying
                   degrees of concern are added by this plan update.

                                                 51

                            Table 21 ...   CHANGING ISSUES AND ACTIONS TAKEN OR PENDING TO ADDRESS THEM 1976.'81,'.86

                                                                                         IMPLEMENTATION PROGRESS

                           1976 CAMA PLAN                                ACTIONS TAKEN TO                         PENDING OR PROPOSED
                                                                         ADDRESS ISSUES                           ACTIONS & POLICIES
                                Fourteen Issues

                            1.  902 of soils beyond sewerage             No change in soils, but                  Phase I Wastewater treatment
                                system would not accept                  most lots in Westbrook I, and            will raise capacity from
                                septic tanks & high demands for          the Indian Hills II, and                 1,000,000 to 2.25 million
                                increasing wastewater treatment          Marmann Terrace subdivisions have        gallons per day by 1988
                                capacity and sewer line extensions       developed with septic tanks;             sufficient for ten year
                                must be met if growth is                 approximately 1000 housing units         planning pvriod
                                to occur as projected                    connected to wastewater treatment
                                                                         system 1980-'85

                            2. A desire to reduce traffic                NC Department of Transportation          Congestion w.i.11 remain through
                                congestion of US 70                      has primary control, however: 1)         planning period. The City is split
                                                                         city and DOT adopted Thoroughfare        but generally favors 70 bypass
                                                                         Plan in 1977, 2) center turn lane        as in Thoroughfare Plan. DOT's
                                                                         added from Miller Blvd. eastward,        1986 TIP schedules right-of-way
                                                                         3) cross-over turn lanes added           purchase for 1995. Also, MCAS
                                                                         east and west in 1986. Westwood.         Cherry Point seeks rear (West)
                                                                         St. is completed in 1986, and            access to 70 to reduce peak
                                                                         progress continues on developing         hour traffic congestion.
                                                                         McCocter Blvd.                           Protection of corridors for
                                                                                                                  proposed minor thoroughfares
                                                                                                                  is high priority.

                            3.  Very poor drainage in much of            Topographic mapping and first            Portion of Webb.Blvd. petition
                                the city with no plan for                preliminary drainage study               for closing open.diLch and
                                drainage improvements & no               completed in 1977. A more                adding sidewalk is pending,
                                plan for system-wide access              detailed preliminary drainage            decision of various funding
                                easements for ditch mainten-             study of the McCotter Canal &            methods for much of the '84
                                ance                                     drainage basin is completed              drainage study recommendations
                                                                         in 1984, with alternative concrete       expected in planning period:
                                                                         and/or earth channel designs             1) developer impact fees, 2)
                                                                         costing from $2.4 to $6.6 million.       drainage basin special tax
                                                                         Limited easements acquired,              assessments, 3)bond issue, 4)
                                                                         developers required to design            and other funding sources to
                                                                         drainage into their subdivisions         be considered.
                                                                         with concern for downsystem
                                                                         impact.

                            4. Lack of good land for industrial          Little change has occured. The           Addicional efforts by the
                                development to aide in divers-           new Westwood Street extension            Committee of 100 and the Craven
                                ifying industrial jobs                   from US 70 to Belltown Rd. impro-        County Development Commission
                                                                         ves visibility and accessibility         are needed together with the
                                                                         for additional manufacturing on          city and county to acquire or
                                                                         the East side of Belltown Rd.            option property for industrial
                                                                                                                  recruitment. Additional light
                                                                                                                  industrial zoning in high noise
                                                                                                                  -areas east of Havelock along
                                                                                                                  NC 101 will be considered in
                                                                                                                  the planning period.

                            5.  Incompatibility of land uses             The city adopts AICUZ Plan (1975)        The potential for incompatible
                                with noise and crash potential           policies in '76 CAMA Plan, adds          residential and recreational
                                from aircraft using MCAS                 zoning amendments in '77; the '81        and other uses still exists
                                Cherry Point                             CAMA Plan Update endorses AICUZ;         as development pressures for
                                                                         the 1981 AICUZ Plan Update is            these uses continue eastward
                                                                         published substantially reducing         toward runway'32 and in the
                                                                         noise impact on city but enlarg-         Belltown Rd. area. Uncertainty
                                                                         ing and more clearly defining            over predicting future MCAS
                                                                         accident potential zones; city           Cherry Point activity means the
                                                                         incorporates changes in zoning           city will continue
                                                                         ordinance. The Foxcroft sub-             monitoring new development
                                                                         division, Bent Creek planned             proposals with a conservative
                                                                         development, and a multi-family          eye where greatest potentials
                                                                         housing redevelopment proposal           for increased aircraft activities
                                                                         for Finney's Plaza are examples          may occur. Policies      directing
                                                                         of continuing residential deve-          incompatible uses away   from or in
                                                                         lopment pressures close to high             ptomimity to noise zone 3 and
                                                                         noise or accident potential              APZs will continue.
                                                                         zones (APZ).

                                                                               52

                              Table... 21 . . . CHANGING ISSUES AN  D ACTIONS TAKEN OR PENDING TO ADDRESS THEM 1976, '81, '86            (Continued)

                                                                                           IMPLFMENTATION PROGRESS
                              1976 CAMA PLAN                               ACTIONS TAKEN TO                         PENDING OR PROPOSED
                                   Fourteen Issues                         ADDRESS ISSUES                           ACTIONS & POLICIES

                              6.   Lack of off-station                     Overall the availability of              MCAS Cherry Point projects an
                                   private rental housing                  rental housing did not imp@ove           additional 1,422 bachelor en-
                                                                           as demand increased during the           listed quarters by 1995, with
                                                                           past five years. Actually, as            722 of them scheduled by 1990.
                                                                           a percentage of total housing            Some of this increase will
                                                                           types,mobile homes decreased             accomodate increased personnel
                                                                           from 27% to 16% between 1974             loadings, but it is uncertain
                                                                           and 1986. However, between               how many units will be reduced
                                                                           198-3 and 1986, 403 mobile               from tile local housing market.
                                                                           home lots were approved.                 Temporary housing for military
                                                                           Multi-family housing did                 personnel in transition is ex-
                                                                           increase sharply during the              pected to increase by 102 units
                                                                           same period from 13% to 19%              during tile planning period.
                                                                           of all housing, but most of
                                                                           this was in townhouse owner
                                                                           occupied housing.

                              7.   Strip development of U.S. 70            The four-mile commercial strip           A slight extensio@ of clustered
                                   is a concern and possibly               along U.S. 70 has extended on            shopping centers with limited areas
                                   NC 101 where frontage roads             to nearly five miles since               is expected near the projected Mc-
                                   or controlled access may                1976, along with in-fill and             Cotter Boulevard intersection with
                                   be needed                               some redevelopment of older              East Main Street. Infill commercial
                                                                           commercial sections has                  and office development along Main
                                                                           occured. NC 101*from the                 Street will continue during the
                                                                           High School eastward is                  planning period. U.S. 70 bypass is
                                                                           showing sig ns of gommercial             not expected during the next ten yearc.
                                                                           road frontage development. On            An analysis of its projected impact
                                                                           tile positive side, the Westbrook,       on local business should be conducted
                                                                           Cherry, Plaza East, and other
                                                                           strip shopping centers were
                                                                           built with limited driveway
                                                                           access to U.S. 70. Signage
                                                                           regulations seem to have done
                                                                           a fair job in keeping down
                                                                           increased sign proliferation.

                              8.   Not enough available land               This rate of increase did not            The analysis and projections shown
                                   for 9 Z annual increase                 occur as it had in the early             in Chapter IV, estimated Growth
                                   in sin gIe-family housing               70's. The '81 AICUZ Plan                 Demand, and additional 574 acres
                                   co,,struction                           Update also substantially                will be needed for residential
                                                                           reduced the amount of high               development by 1995. Most of this
                                                                           noise zone 3 restricted                  will be corfverted from unproductive
                                                                           properties.                              vacant or barren lands.

                              9.   There was a perceived or real           The most recent Citizen                  The 1976 CAMA Plan recommended
                                   lack of coordination among              Survey showed Havelock's                 a City-County-MCAS laison meeting
                                   officials from Craven County            relations with Cherry                    on perhaps a quarterly basis to
                                   Havelock, and Chetry Point              Point to be excellent com-               share ideas and coordinate various
                                   concerning common -problems             pared to generally good                  services and facilities planning.
                                   (e.g., recreation, health,              responses to this question               This and other possible forums is
                                   public safety, education,               ten years ago. Relations                 still recommended for the future.
                                   and land use planning)                  with Craven County rated
                                                                           good to satisfactory this
                                                                           year and average to poor
                                                                           ten years earlier. The
                                                                           Tourism Development Board,
                                                                           consolidated New Bern/Craven
                                                                           County schools and emergency
                                                                           management appear to be examples
                                                                           of satisfactory or good coordination.
                                                                           However, Havelock's desire to esta-
                                                                           blish more county services in Have-
                                                                           lock in addition to main offices in
                                                                           New Bern have strained relations at
                                                                           times between the County officials
                                                                           and counterparts in Havelock. Ex-
                                                                           cept for periods when the AICUZ plan
                                                                           was updated, the City's jurisdiction
                                                                           was extended, or during hurricane
                                                                           readiness/emergencies these agencies
                                                                           have not met routinely to discuss
                                                                           common issues.                            53

                            Table 21   . . . CHANGING ISSUES AND ACTIONS TAKEN OR PENDING TO ADDRESS THEM 1976, '81, '86          (Continued)

                            1976 CAMA PLAN                                              IMPLEMENTAT10N PROGRESS
                                                                        ACTIONS TAKEN TO                       PENDING OR PROPOSED
                                 Fourteen Issues                        ADDRESS ISSUES                         ACTIONS & POLICIES

                            10. Lack of informing people                Both the 1976 and 1986                 The City will undertake Citizen
                                 of what local government               Citizen Attitude Surveys               Attitude Surveys on a five year
                                 is all about                           proved the value of in-                basis. Most respondents to the
                                                                        volving the public in                  '86 attitude survey indicated they
                                                                        identifying public con-                kept abreast of local government
                                                                        cerns and community                    activities through the three local
                                                                        planning. The process                  newspapers and radio stations. The
                                                                        helps inform people that               City will continue using these forums
                                                                        they are part of local                 to advise the public and welcome
                                                                        government. The inter-                 their participation in board and.
                                                                        viewers for the '86                    commission meetings.
                                                                        survey reported that most
                                                                        respondents were pretty well
                                                                        informed about city services
                                                                        AICUZ, drainage problems,
                                                                        and a host of other local
                                                                        issues.

                            11.  Too much clear-cutting                 During the 1986, Citizen               During 1987, the City will re-examine
                                 versus selective tree                  Attitude Survey, the community         its current regulations, method  s  and
                                 clearing as development                appearance question resulted           enforcement procedures for retaining
                                 occurs--deteriorates                   in many ancillary remarks              more tree cover in all development
                                 community appearance                   regarding Havelock's "strip            projects. Also, the City will study
                                                                        city" appearance. The City's,          the costs/benefits and feasibility
                                                                        Subdivision Ordinance en-              of requiring new vegetation and tree
                                                                        courages preservation of               plantings in new commercial and sub-
                                                                        open space and existing tree           division developments. Both st   u dies
                                                                        cover. However, the January            will be assigned to the Planning
                                                                        1986 land use survey revealed          Board and Community Appearance
                                                                        a pattern of developers re-            Commission.
                                                                        taining more tree cover in
                                                                        West Havelock where natural
                                                                        drainage is better. More
                                                                        land grading in poorer drained
                                                                        soils in east Havelock has
                                                                        resulted in a loss of most of
                                                                        tree cover there. Nearly all
                                                                        trees have been cleared in
                                                                        advance of commercial
                                                                        development.

                            12. No public boat access to                Public boat access to Slocum           The desire for a public boat access
                                 Slocum Creek                           Creek has not occured. The             will.remain a goal. Further on in
                                                                        Yaht Club still maintains a            this chapter is a discussing f
                                                                        members only marina at Crystal         policy and implementation st
                                                                        Lake off Slocum Creek. Havelock        that will lead to a plan for an inter-
                                                                                                                                              0
                                                                                                                                              rategies

                                                                        has acquired a rather unique           connected trail/access/park system
                                                                        "fishing" and nature access for        that will hopefully increase
                                                                        pedestrians by development of a        pedestrian access to the natL!ral and
                                                                        350' elevated wooden walkw3y           scenic waters of Slocum Cre6      A
                                                                        and fishing point with parking         funding request to Division c
                                                                        in the Stonebridge Landing             Coastal Management will be made for
                                                                        Subdivision. The nearly 5              Fiscal Year 1987-'88.
                                                                        acre wooded swamp and the
                                                                        monies for the improvements
                                                                        were acquired by the City
                                                                        through its subdivision
                                                                        ordinance requirement for
                                                                        land dedication or fee-in-lieu
                                                                        of dedication provisions.

                                                                               54

                            Table 21 . . . CHANGING ISSUES AND ACTIONS TAKEN OR PENDING TO ADDRESS THEM 1976, '81! '86                 (Continued)

                            1976  CAMA PLAN                                              IMPLEMENTATION PROGRESS
                                                                         ACTIONS TAKEN TO                        PENDING OR PROPOSED
                                  Fourteen Issues                        ADDRESS ISSUES                          ACTIONS & POLICIES

                            13.   No-use of vacant                       The former "flat-tops" military         Expansions of the City's public
                                  federal government open                family housing between CunnJng-         buildings to the east in front of
                                  space although some of it              ham Boulevard and Roosevelt!            Ft. Macon Village is expected during
                                  could be used for deve-                Boulevard is largely impacted           the next ten years. The City is
                                  opment of housing. industry,           by high noise and accident              interested ip seeing the Tourism
                                  or recreation                          potential zones from aircraft           Development Authority's proposal
                                                                         using runway 5. The City is in          for an Air Museum become a reality
                                                                         the process of leasing approxi-         on the government property near
                                                                         mately 17 acres of property east        Roosevelt Boulevard and NC 101,
                                                                         of Roosevelt Boulevard for              although this proposal is hot
                                                                         recreation. The City has                presently compatible with the
                                                                         constructed its new Public              AICUZ Plan.
                                                                         Safety Building and the Walter
                                                                         B. Jones park improvements'east
                                                                         of City Hall on some of that
                                                                         vacant property.

                            14.   Too few landowners hold a              Durin g the past five years more        No major changes in National Forest
                                  majority of undeveloped                private land holdings have been         Service or Cherry Point land holdings
                                  land in the planning area              developed or approved for future        are anticipated in the ten year period
                                  (private, National Forest,             develoom4nt, Approximately 1,427        within Havelock's planning areas.
                                  (NFS), and Cherry Point)               lots or spaces that have been           However, several hundred acres of
                                                                         approved are estimated to be            Croatan National Forest west of
                                                                         available for development in            Greenfield Boulevard is recommended
                                                                         the entire planning area. The           for land exchange between the National
                                                                         Forest Service has not swapped          Forest Service and private land owners
                                                                         any properties near Havelock            for possible housing development.
                                                                         in recent years. Other than             Also, approximately 100 acres of NFS
                                                                         the public uses mentioned in            southeast of Shepard Street in the.
                                                                         13 above, the Cherry Point              vicinity of McCotter Boulevard ex-
                                                                         has not permitted any non-              tension is proposed for exchange and
                                                                         military development of its             development as housing and'cluster
                                                                         property. In 1986, the military         commercial (see the Land Classifi-
                                                                         acquired approximately 100 more         cation Map A-3).
                                                                         acres between NC 101 and runway
                                                                         32 (all within a noise zone 3).

                            1981 CAMA PLAN UPDATE

                                  Four More Broad Issue
                                  Categories Added

                            15,   Resource Protecti6n (AEC's             For one example see item III            This Plan update endorses National
                                  and Constraints)                       in the above list concerning            Forest Service forest management
                                                                         preservation of hardwood bottom         practices for Croatan National
                                                                         land along estuarine shore in           Forest(see subject heading in
                                                                         Stonebridge Landing.                    this chapter)
                                                                         City looses enforcement of              A Flood Damage Prevention
                                                                         State provisions of Local               Ordinance will be passed in late
                                                                         Erosion and Sedimentation Control       1986, increasing control of
                                                                         Ordinance, retaining control            development in fragile floodplains.
                                                                         of less than acre provisions.
                                                                         Resulted from differences between       The City will continue supporting
                                                                         City and State over Woodhaven           policies and regulations to
                                                                         Street construction through             implement AICUZ and add procedures
                                                                         East Prong Slocum Creek.                for receiving Base comments on      .
                                                                                                                 questionable development proposals.

                                                                                                                 The update includes a Storm Hazard
                                                                                                                 Mitigation, Poast-Disaster Recovery,
                                                                                                                 and Evacuation Plan later in this
                                                                                                                 chapter.

                            16. Resource Production and                  See discussion and policies             City supportive of protection
                                  Management                             under this heading later in             of forest resources in Croatan
                                                                         chapter.                                National Forest. The City will
                                                                                                                 support limited land swapping
                                                                                                                 per NFS policy and Land Class-
                                                                                  55                             ification map (A-3).

                           Table 21   . . . CHANGING ISSUES AND ACTIONS TAKEN OR PENDING TO ADDRESS THEM 1976, '81, '86 (Continued)

                           17.    Economic and Community                Under rapid growth pressures            City will continue working
                                 Development.                           for land and public services    the     toward goals established in
                                                                        City adds approximately 1000            prior plans.
                                                                        housing units in five years.
                                                                        Development occurs under Cityls         Land Classification Map
                                                                        various land use regulation     a,      provides room to grow within
                                                                        but community becomes increasingly      ex isting developed areas and
                                                                        aware of constraints on land            transition land classes. The
                                                                        for development. Flooding from          City can accomodate public
                                                                        poor drainage in East Haveloc           desire for moderately paced
                                                                        increases.                              growth without adverse environ-
                                                                                                                mental consequences under
                                                                        City funds  water and sewe r systems    sound land use regulations.
                                                                        improvements to meet desired
                                                                        moderate growth projections.            The City will continue trend
                                                                                                                of improving "quality of life"
                                                                                                                through recreation programs,
                                                                                                                improved community appearance,
                                                                                                                efforts to reduce traffic
                                                                                                                problems, etc. See policies
                                                                                                                on these and other subjects
                                                                                                                later in this chapter.

                           18. Continuing Public                        Normal methods of continuing            The Citizen's Attitude Survey    's
                                 Partici.pation                         public involvement through active       of 1976 and 1986, proved very    ns
                                                                        boards, news media coverage of          helpful for good public relatio
                                                                        events, and public meetings             and for getting issues identified
                                                                        are continued. Havelock's       res-    and priorities established. A
                                                                        idents are very active in local         similar survey will be repeated
                                                                        government.                             in five years.

                                                                             56

                                                 RESOURCE PROTECTION POLICIES

                        A.    Areas of Environmental Concern

                              Estuarine System Categories.      The first AECs discussed collectively
                        are those water and land areas of the coast that contribute enormous economic,
                        social, and biological values to North Carolina and Havelock as components of
                        the estaurine system. Included within the estuarine system are the following
                        AEC categories: estuarine waters, coastal wetlands, public trust areas, and
                        estuarine shorelines. Each of the AECs is either geographically within the
                        estuary or, because of its location and-nature, may significantly affect the
                        estuary. The maps accompanying this plan in the back pocket show the waters
                        and flood plains of Slocum and Hancock Creeks: Within these areas are all of
                        the local AEC categories.

                              Management Objective of the Estuarine System.        After ten years of ex-
                        perience under the CAMA program Havelock continues to give high priority to
                        the protection and coordinated management to estuarine waters, coastal wetlands,
                        public trust areas, and estuarine shorelines, as an interrelated group of AECs,
                        so as to safeguard and perpetuate their biological, social, economic, and
                        aesthetic values and to ensure that development occurring within these AECs
                        is compatible with natural characteristics so as to minimize the likelihood
                        of significant loss of private property and public resources.

                            .......  Coastal Wetlands

                                     Coastal wetlands are defined as any salt marsh or other marsh
                        subject to regular oroccasional flooding by tides, including wind tides
                        (whether or not the tide waters reach the marshland areas through natural or
                        artificial watercourses), provided this shall not include hurricane or
                        tropical storm tides.

                              Coastal wetlands contain some but not necessarily all, of the
                        following marsh plant species:

                                     1)     Cord Grass (Spartina alterniflora),
                                     2)     Black Needlerush (Juncus roemerianus),
                                     3)     Glasswort(Salicornia spp.),
                                     4)     Salt Grass (Distichlis spicata),
                                     5)     Bulrush (Scriput spp.),
                                     6)     Saw Grass (Cladium jamaicense),
                                     7)     Sea Lavender (Limonium spp.),
                                     8)     Cat-tail (Typha spp.),
                                     9)     Salt Meadow Grass (Spartina patens),
                                     10)    Salt Reed Grass (Spartina cynosuroides).

                              Included   in, this definition of coastal wetlands is "such contiguous
                        and as the Secret 'ary of NRCD reasonably deems necessary to affect by any
                        order in carrying out the purposes of this Section." (G.S. 113-230(a)).

                                                               57

                           Ork"
                                               90

                    In early 1986, Woodhaven Street was re-constructed on a new  fill and roadbed
                    across Joe's Branch and (West Prong of Slocum Creek). After  initial construction
                    in 1985, the road was washed out. This stream is bordered by a hardwood
                    bottom land with a floodway and floodplain identified in the City's new Flood
                    Insurance Maps.

                                                                                 N@

                                                              MAP:.

                                                       WrOMMIK

                                                         5-V

                    House on Shore Drive . . . note smoothly filled house site and yard in flood
                    plain of East prong Slocum Creek._

                              Coastal wetlands in the Havelock jurisdiction are limited to relatively
                        small areas along the shorelines of Slocum and Tucker Creeks.

                              (a)   Policy Objective

                                    To give highest priority to the protection and management of coastal
                        wetlands so as to safeguard and perpetuate their biological, social, economic
                        and aesthetic values; to coordinate and establish A management system capable
                        of conserving and utilizing coastal wetlands as a natural resource essential
                        to the functioning of the entire estuarine system.

                              (b)   Appropriate Land Uses

                                    Suitable land uses shall be those consistent the management objective
                        in this rule. Highest priority of use shall be allocated to the conservation of
                        existing coastal wetlands. Second priority of coastal wetland use shall be
                        given to those types of development activities that require water access and
                        cannot function elsewhere.

                                    Unacceptable land uses would include, but would not be limited to,
                        the following examples:. restaurants and businesses; residences, apartments,
                        motels, hotels, and trailer parks; parking lots and private roads and high-
                        ways; and factories. Examples of acceptable land uses may include utility
                        easements, fishing piers, docks, and agricultural uses, such as farming a     nd
                        forestry drainage, as permitted under North Carolina's Dredge and Fill Act
                        and/or applicable laws. Earlier in 1986, for instance, Havelock constructed
                        an elevated walkway and small fishing pier in the Stonebridge Landing Sub-
                        division through wetlands in order to provide access to Slocum Creek.

                                    In every instance, the particular location, use, and design
                        characteristics shall be in accord with the general use standards for coastal
                        wetlands, estuarine waters, and public trust areas.

                              (c)   Development Policy Alternatives

                                    Development policy alternatives for coastal wetlands in Havelock
                        including the following: (1) city or other public body acquisition for open
                        space uses; (2) prohibition of private development through regulation;
                        (3) regulated development of appropriate land uses; and (4) action by the
                        Coastal Resources Commission to remove the AEC designation from the area.

                              The City has used acquisition by its Subdivision Regulation pro-
                        visions for dedication of land to obtain five (5) acres of wetlands as
                        mentioned above. The City however, may not have the opportunity to use
                        this tool again because all of the developable portions of lands adja-
                        cent to wetlands along Slocum Creek have been subdivided and developed
                        with the exception perhaps of a very few lots, Acquisition of some
                        wetlands may be possible through obtaining private donation of conser-
                        vation easements.'. The outright negotiated purchases of wetlands is 11ot
                        considered financially feasible by the City.

                                                              58

                               The ddsired alternative to accomplish the policy objective is to re
                        gulate development insuring appropriate land uses in coastal wetlands.
                        Appropriate land uses are listed under section (b). The Land Classification
                        Map places these areas into the "conservation" category. Havelock will also
                        seek assistance from the N. C. Division of Parks and Recreation in methods
                        of obtaining conservation easements for wetlands.

                               (d)   Implementation/Enforcement

                                     Havelock will implement and enforce the Coastal Wetlands policy
                        objective through strict andvigorous city enforcement,of AEC regulations,
                        the City Zoning Ordinance, proposed Floodplain Regulations, and full
                        cooperation with state and federal permitting and enforcement agencies.

                        (2] ........ E.stuarine Waters

                                     Estuarine waters are defined in G.S. 113-A-113(b)(2) as "all the
                        water of the Atlantic Ocean within the boundary of North Carolina and all the
                        waters of the bays, sounds, rivers, and tributaries thereto, seaward of the
                        dividing line between coastal fishing waters and inland fishing waters, as
                        'set forth in the most recent agreement adopted by the Wildlife Resources Commission
                        and the department of Natural Resources and Community Development filed with
                        the Secretary of State, entitled "Boundary Lines North Carolina Commercial
                        Fishing--Inland Fishing Waters."

                                     Estuarine waters in Havelock are the waters of Slocum Creek,
                        Hancock Creek, and Tucker Creeks. The waters of Tucker Creek are not bounded
                        by lands under the city's regulatory control, however.

                               (a)   Policy Objective

                                     To give the highest priority to the conservtion and management of
                        the important features of estuarine waters so as to safeguard and perpetuate
                        their biological, social, aesthetic, and economic values; to coordinate and
                        establish a managment system capable of conserving and utilizing estuarine
                        waters.

                               (bY   Use Standards

                                     Suitable land/water uses shall be those consistent with the manage-
                        ment objectives in this Rule. Highest priority of use shall be allocated to
                        the conservation of estuarine waters and its vital components. Second priority
                        of estuarine use shall be given to those types of development activities that
                        require water access and use which cannot function elsewhere such as simple
                        access channels; structures to prevent erosion; navigation channels; boat
                        docks, marinas, piers, wharf  s, and mooring pilings.

                               (c)   Development.Policy Alternatives

                                     Havelock estuarine waters should be considered a most valuable
                        public asset. Poiicy alternatives considered were: 1)total and complete
                        conservation of estuarine waters, 2)limited use consistent with public

                                                               59

                        and private requirements for access under Corps 404 and CAMA permit
                        requirements.

                                     The-City believes that protection of water quality and the
                        natural appearance of its Creeks to be important. Some limited access
                        for increased public use of Slocum Creek has been a continuing objective
                        for the City. Within the ten year planning period efforts will be made to secure a
                        public boat ramp. Conservation of estuarine waters is possible at the
                        same time. These Creeks can be used with the value of use far out weighing
                        any harmful effects on these waters. Appropriate uses of these areas are
                        the uses stated in the Use Standards section (b), the City Zoning Ordinance,
                        and proposed Flood Plain Regulations.

                              (d)    Implementation/Enforcement

                                     Havelock will implement and enforce the estuarine waters pol      icy
                        objective through-strict and vigorous enforcement of AEC regulations, the
                        City Zoning Ordiance, the below one acre provisions of the Erosion and
                        Sedimentation Control Ordinance, and proposed Flood Plain Regulations.

                                     In every instance, the particular location, use, and design
                        characteristics shall be in accord with the general use standards for
                        coastal wetlands, estuarine waters, and public trust areas.

                        [31 ........ Public Trust Areas

                                     Public trust areas as defined by the State of North Carolina are
                        all waters of the Atlantic-Ocean and the lands thereunder from the mean high
                        water mark to the seaward limit of state jurisdiction; all natural bodies of
                        water subject to measurable lunar tides and lands thereunder to the mean high
                        water mark; all navigable natural bodies of water and lands thereunder to
                        the mean highwater level or mean water level as the case may be, except
                        privately-owned lakes to which the public has no right or access; all water
                        in artificially created bodies of water containing significant public
                        fishing resources or other public resources which are accessible to the public
                        by navigation from bodies of water in which the public has rights of navi-
                        gation; and all waters in artifically created bodies of water in which the
                        public has acquired rights by prescription, custom, usage, dedication, or any
                        other means. In determining whether the public has acquired rights by pre-
                        scription, custom, usage, dedication, or any other means. In determining
                        whether the public has acquired rights in artificially created bodies of water,
                        the following factors shall be considered:

                                     (1)   the use of the body of water by the public,
                                     (2)   the length of time the public has used the area,
                                     (3)   the value of public resources in the body of water,
                                     (4)   whether the public resources in the body of water are mobile
                                           to the extent that they can move into.natural bodies of water,
                                     (5)   whether the creation of the artificial body of water
                                           required permission from the state, and

                                                               60

                                   (6)   the value of the body of water to the public for navi-
                                         gation from one public area to another public area.

                                   Public Trust waters in Havelock are limited to the upper reaches
                       of the City's Creeks. The only significant intrusior in the past five years
                       has been the construction of Woodhaven Street across from Joe's Branch.

                             (a)   Policy Objective

                                   To protect public rights for navigation and recreation and to pre-
                       serve and manage the public trust areas so as.to safeguard and perpetuate their
                       biological, economic and aesthetic value.
                             (b)   Use Standard's

                                   Acceptable uses shall be those consistent with the management
                       objectives in (c) of this Rule. In the absence of overriding public benefit,
                       any use which significantly interferes.with the public right of navigation or
                       other public trust rights which the public may be found to have in these areas
                       shall not be allowed. The development of navigational channels or drainage
                       ditches, the use of bulkheads to prevent erosion, the buildings of piers,*
                       wharfs, or marinas are examples of use that may be acceptable within public
                       trust areas, provided that such will not be deterimental to the publi6 trust
                       rights and the biological and physical functions of the estuary. Projects
                       which would directly or indirectly block or impair existing navigation channels,
                       increase shoreline erosion, deposit spoils below mean high tide, cause adverse
                       water circulation patterns, violate water quality standards, or cause de-
                       gradation of shellfish waters are generally considered incompatible with the
                       management policies of public trust areas. ..In every instance, the particular
                       location, use, and design characteristics shall be in accord with the general
                       use standards for coastal wetlands, estuarine waters, and public trust areas.

                             (c). Development Policy Alternatives

                                   Havelock public trust waters should be considered a valuable public
                       asset. Policy alternatives considered where total prohibition of use and con-
                       servation of public trust waters or (2)-limited use consistent with the use
                       standards of section (b).

                                   Havelock does not believe the first alternative to be realistic.
                       Some of these areas may be used without violating the public trust of the
                       waters with the use value far outweighing any.harmful effect created. The
                       second alternative is considered desirable, even with the limited size of
                       these areas in Havelock. This was the case in 1984, when the City first
                       constructed Woodhaven Street. The local concern for improved traffic access
                       justified the crossing of Joe's branch. The floodway restrictions soon to be
                       in place will further restrict development into public trust waters.

                             (d)   Implementation/Enforcement

                                   Havelock will implement and enforce its public trust waters
                       policy objective through strict and vigorous enforcemen t of AEC regulations,

                                                          61

                      the City Zoning Ordinance, the City   is (below one acre provisions of the)
                      Erosion and Sedimentation Control Ordinance, and proposed Flood Plain Ordinance.
                      The City will cooperate fully with state and federal permitting and enforcement
                      agencies with jurisdiction over public trust waters by notifying effected
                      agencies when potential development activities are proposed near these waters.

                      [41 ........ Estuarine Shorelines

                                   Estuarine shorelines are those non-ocean    shorelines which are
                      especially vulnerable to erosion, flooding, or other adverse effects of
                      wind and water and are intimately connected to the estuary. This area
                      extends from the mean high water level or normal water level along the
                      estuaries, sounds, bays, and brackish waters as set forth in an agreement
                      adopted by the Wildlife Resources Commission and the Department of Natural
                      Resorucesand Community development (described in regulation 0206(a) of the
                      State Code) for a distance of 75 feet landward.

                                   Est"uarine shorelines in Havelock are generally of the wooded
                      swamp type and are limited to the shorelines of Slocum Creek (east and west
                      prongs) and Tucker Creek.

                            (a)    Policy

                                   Objective. To ensure shoreline development is compatible with both
                      the dynamic  nature of estuarine shorelines and the values of the estuarine
                      system.

                            (b)    Use Standards

                                   (1)   All development projects, proposals, and designs shall be to
                                         substantially preserve and not weaken or eliminate natural
                                         barriers to erosion, including, but not limited to, peat
                                         marshland, resistant clay shorelines, cypress-gum protective
                                         fringe areas adjacent to vulnerable shorelines.

                                   (2)   All development projects, proposals, and designs shall limit
                                         the construction of impervious surfaces and areas not allowing
                                         natural drainage to onlyso much as is necessary to adequately
                                         service the major purpose or use for which the lot is to be
                                         developed. Impervious surfaces shall not exceed 30 percent
                                         of the AEC area of the lots, unless the applicant can show
                                         that such a limitation will allow no practicable use to be
                                         made.of the lot.

                                   (3)   All development projects, proposals, and designs will comply
                                         with the following mandatory standards of the North Carolina
                                         Sedimentation Pollution Control Act of 1973;

                                               All  development projects, proposals, and designs shall
                                               provide for a buffer zone along the margin of the estuarine
                                               water which is sufficient to confine visible silitation
                                               within 25 percent of the buffer zone nearest the land
                                               disturbing development.

                                                              62

              Quiet. . .
              scenic neighborhoods . . .
              Initial visual impressions
              of Havelock are not re-
              presentative of the many
              fine residential
              neighborhoods found a mile
              or less from the U.S. 70
              commercial strip. Nicely
              .wooded, sloped lots with
                                                                                                 _41
              fine homes are the Havelock                                     @ar
              most don t see

                                   The Havelock few see.

                                                                           Because Havelock has
                                                                           developed so quickly--
                                    tz                                     without a master trail
                                            7                              ystem and water access
                                                                           s
                                                                           plan, views like this
                                                                           one of Slocum Greek, off
                                                                           the Cedar Lane area,
                                                                           are held privately--
                                                                           limiting public access.
             w7

                                                 No development project proposal or design shall permit
                                                 an angle for graded slopes or fill which is greater than
                                                 an angle which can be retained by vegetative cover or
                                                 other adequate erosion-control devices or structures.

                                                 All development projects, proposals, and de'sig  ns which
                                                 involve uncovering more than one acre of land shall plant
                                                 a ground cover sufficient to restrain erosion within 30
                                                 Yorking days of completion of the grading; provided that
                                                 this shall not apply to clearing land for the purpose
                                                 offorming a reservoir later to be inundated.

                                     4)    Development shall not  have  a significant adverse impact on
                                           estuarine resources.

                                     5)    Development shall.not  significantly interfere with existing
                                           public rights of access to, or use of, navigable waters or
                                           public resources.

                                     6)    No major public facility shall   be permitted if such facility
                                           is likely to require extraordinary public expenditures for
                                           maintenance and continued use, unless it can be shown that
                                           the public purpose served by the facility outweighs the
                                           required public expenditures for construction, maintenance,
                                           and continued use. For the purpose of this standard, "public
                                           facility" shall mean a project which is paid for in any part
                                           by-public funds.

                                     7)    Development shall not cause-major or irreversible damage to
                                           valuable documented historic architectural or archeological
                                           resources.

                              .(c)   Deveiopment Policy Alternatives

                                     Development policy alternatives tor Estuarine Shorelines in Havelock
                        include the  following: (1) city or public acquisition of shoreline; (2) pro-
                        hibition of  private development through regulation; (3) regulated development
                        of appropriate land uses; or (4) action by the Coastal Resources Commission
                        to remove the AEC designation from the area.

                                     Fortunately the City has acquired the five acres of wooded swamp
                        in the Stonebridge Landing Subdivision which borders the west shoreline of
                        Slocum Creek. The limited access elevated wooden walk and fishing pier meanders
                        through the natural area barely disturbing it. It serves as an example of the
                        public's desire in Havelock to wisely use its regulatory functions to acquire
                        a valuable natural resource for public use and without endangering the sensitive
                        area. In 1987, the City will request assistance from the N. C. Division of Parks
                        and Recreation to'work with the City's Recreation Department in developing a plan
                        for acquiring similar natural areas in floodplains, for the purpose of'developing
                        an integrated greenway system.

                                                               63

                                   Furthermore, the City's proposed floodway regulations in the
                       Floodplain Ordinance, Corps 404 and CAMA permit requirements will limit
                       private development in estuarine shorelines. Removal of estuarine shore-
                       lines from designation as an AEC is not considered desirable by the City and
                       .is not viewed as a realistic alternative.

                             (d)   Implementation/Enforcement

                                   ,Havelock will implement and enforce the estuarine shoreline policy
                       objective through strict and vigorous enforcement of AEC regulations, the city
                       zoning ordinance, the city's below one acre provisions of the erosion and
                       sedimentation control ordinance, and by informing state and federal regulatory
                       agencies of pending development that may fall under their jurisdictions. As
                       mentioned too, the city will continue its efforts to obtain public acquisition
                       of estuarine shorelines by donation or conservation easements as part of its
                       proposed public access/greenway program.

                       [5) ........ Ocean Hazard Categories

                                   The next broad grouping is composed of those AECs      that are considered
                       natural hazard areas along the Atlantic Ocean shoreline where, because of their
                       special vulnerability to erosion or other adverse effect of sand, wind, and
                       water, uncontrolled or incompatible development could unreasonably endanger
                       life or property. Ocean hazard areas include beaches, frontal dunes, inlet
                       lands, and other areas in which geologic, vegetive and soil conditions indicate
                       a substantial possiblity of excessive erosion or flood damage.

                                   There are no ocean hazard category AECs.within the Havelock Planning
                       Area.

                       [6] ........ Public Water Supply Categories

                                   The third,broad grouping of AECs includes valuable small surface
                       water supply watersheds and public water supply well fields.

                                   There are  no identified Public Water Supply category AECs within
                       the Havelock Planning  Area.

                       [71 ........ General

                                   The fourth and final group AECs is gathered under the heading of
                       fragile natural and cultural resources areas that are defined as areas con-
                       taining environmental, natural or cultural resources of more than local
                       significance in which uncontrolled or incompatible development could result
                       in major or irreversible damage to natural systems or cultural resources,
                       scientific, educational, or associative values, or aesthetic qualities.

                                   There are fragile natural areas within Havelock's jurisdiction
                       containing remnant species of animals. Within the Croatan National Forest
                       and in the remaining bottom land hardwood swamps of Slocum Creek and Hancock,
                       Creek there exist three threatened or endangered animal species. The red-
                       cockaded woodpecker, American alligator, and potentially the Neuse River

                                                            64

                        waterdog could be threatened by development in wooded bottomland or by
                        insensitive tree management programs.

                              The Land and Resource Management Plan Croatan and Uwharrie National
                        Forests 1986-2000 has designated three management areas for National Forest
                        lands within Havelock's planning area as described in Chapter II, p. 22-23.
                        All these area management programs provide long term protection of wildlife
                        resources and maintenance of areas for remanant species.

                              In the 1976 CAMA Plan, Havelock designated potential areas o f environ-
                        mental concern including those listed in the preceding'pages and'the category
                        of fragile environments containing remanant species of animals and plants
                        (DCA, pp. 106-109). However, in the 1981 CAMA Plan update this category of
                        locally significant AEC was overlooked, although essentially areas with remnant
                        species are contained within the 100 year flood plain area which are covered
                        by conservation policies adopted under other AEC categories (i.e.,, estuarine
                        waters, shorelines, wetlands, etc.).

                              (a)   Development Policy Alternatives

                                    Alternative development policies considered by Havelock relating
                        to natural areas within the Croatan National Forest likely to contain remanant
                        species include: (1) placing some, none, or all three management areas into
                        a "conservation" classification thereby indicating to the Natural Forest Service
                        what Havelock's desires are for these lands; (2) adopting no conservation or
                        development recommendations for Natural Forest lands because federal law permits
                        local policy or regulation,

                                    A majority of those residents responding to the opinion survey
                        in February 1986, indicated a preference that more of the Croatan National
                        Forest should not be soldfor development. Conflicting desires, were ex-'
                        pressed by the same respondents toward efforts by the N. C. Department of
                        Transportation and Havelock to see U.S. 70 bypass built, much of which, would
                        cut through more of the Natural Forest's lands. The City has seriously weighted
                        both desires and decided to continue seeking plans to develop the bypass, but
                        supports the mandatory requirement for a complete "environmental impact"
                        assessmentof the impact of such facility on areas that may sustain remnant
                        species and other wildlife resources.

                                    However, during the ten year planning period Havelock does not
                        feel the U.S. 70 bypass will be developed. The City of Havelock has adopted
                        the following policy statements regarding Fragile Natural Areas within the
                        city's planning jurisdiction: (1) the Land Classification Map will reflect
                        a conservation category for undeveloped hardwood bottom lands located within
                        the 100 year flood plain and Croatan Management areas 3 and 5, located southeast
                        and southwest of Havelock. Approximately 150 acres of NFS lands adjacent to
                        Greenfield Boulevard, outside of Floodplain areas, and close to the proposed
                        routing of the U.S. 70 bypass are shown in "transition" on the Land Classification
                        Map.

                                                           65

                       [81  ........ Constraints to Developm nt

                                    Constraints to development are discussed-in Chapter III of this
                       plan. The following are the Havelock policies on resource protection in
                       these areas.

                              1)  Man-Made Hazard Areas. The major man-made hazards effecting
                       Havelock are aircraft using the MCAS Air Station at Cherry Point. The
                       Air Installations Compatible Use Zone (AICUZ) program developed for the
                       air station by the U.S. Department of Defense, identifies noise and accident
                       potential zones over Cherry Point and the surrounding country side that
                       result from military air traffic. The Constraints to Development Map (A-1),
                       contained in the back pocket, illustrates the 1981 AICUZ Plan Update plus
                       several recent flight patterns added to the foot print. Copies of the
                       plan may be seen at the public library and City Hall.

                             (a)    Policy Objective

                                    Havelock will continue supporting the use of Cherry Point by the Marine
                       Corps and implementing and enforcing the (APZ) and Noise Zone 3 land use re-
                       strictions of the AICUZ study.

                             (b)    Appropriate Uses

                                    The AICUZ study provides a land use compatibility matrix which
                       provides a listing of appropriate and conflicting land uses recommended for
                       each category of noise and APZ under the following ratings judged by density
                       of population, type and density of structures and height restrictions:

                                    No New Development - The land use and related structures are not
                                    compatible and should be prohibited.

                                    Restricted New Development - The land use and related structures
                                    are generally compatible; however, some special factors should
                                    be considered.

                                    No Restrictions - The land use and related structures are compatible
                                    without restrictions and should be considered.

                             In 1983 (see Chapter II, p.25 ), the City expressed its continuing support
                       for the AICUZ plan by adopting amendments to the City Zoning      Ordinance incorporating
                       Noise Zone 3 and APZ restrictions on land use.

                             (c)    Development Policy Alternatives

                                    Because of the vital importance to Havelock that Cherry Point
                       plays, the only acceptable alternative development policy for this man-made
                       hazard is to support the AICUZ plan, enforce the Zoning Ordinance provisions

                                                             66

                         restricting certain land acres within hazard areas, and refrain from allowing
                         incompatible development to occur that may jeopardize the military's ability
                         to continue its various missions without placing Havelock's citizens in un-
                         necessarily hazardous living/working conditions.

                               (d)    Implementation/Enforcement

                                      The City will implement and enforce this policy objective through
                         enforcementof zoning-and subdivision regulations$ and by requesting assistance
                         from the Base Commander when development proposals are made that may be in
                         conflict with the AICUZ plan.

                               2)     Natural Hazard Areas.      The most significant potential natural
                         hazard to liTe and property in Havelock are high winds and flooding caused by
                         hurricanes. The last section of the chapter contains the storm hazard mitigation,
                         post-disaster recovery and evacuation plans and policies.'as have been identified
                         and adopted for Havelock.

                               (a)    Excessive Erosion Areas: Estuarine and River Erodible Areas Policy
                         Objectives.    The 1981 CAMA Plan update (p.82) suggested that excessive erosion
                         was a natural hazard in,Havelock.            Estuarine      shorelines and floodways
                         alongSlocum Creek from Cedar Creek Drive and up both East and West Prongs of
                         Slocum Creek are subject to erosion, especially if marsh and hardwood'bottom
                         lands are cleared. These areas then become unstable and subject to excessive
                         scour. Policies and regulations described under prior sections concerning
                         these shorelines should provide adequate protections to properties along these
                         creeks. No additional policy alternatives were considered.

                               (b)    Coastal Floodplains Policy Objective. The City anticipates adopting
                         a Flood Damage Prevention Ordinance (floodplain ordinance) before 1987, this
                         following along awaited and delayed publication of flood insurance and floodway
                         boundary maps which only became available during the past year.

                               (c)    Development Policy Alternatives.       The City.could consider not
                         adopting a floodplain ordinance and not participating in the National Flood
                         Insurance Program. This was not considered a reasonable alternative because
                         the City desires to allow flood insurance to be made available within Havelock's
                         jurisdiction and Havelock considers it important to limit the types of deve-
                         lopment in floodplains that may otherwise create greater risks to life and
                         property if not regulated.

                               (d)    Implementation/Enforcement. The City's Director of Inspections
                         will be assigned the responsibilities for enforcing      the Floodplain Ordinance.

                               3)     Other Hazardous or Fragile Land Areas.

                               (a)    Water Supply Sources.      A majority of respondents to the February
                         1986, opinion survey felt the city's drinking water was very poor tasting and
                         frequently "muddy' '' looking, which is a treatment and delivery issue. Chapter
                         III includes a description of proposed Phase I improvements to the water system
                         and recommendations that may improve the drinking water.

                                                               67

                                   Havelock's potable water supply comes exclusively from
                       the Yorktown Formation, an acquifer of Miocene sands and limestone.
                       The groundwater is pumped from deep wells and then filtered and treated
                       at the Lynnwayne Circle.water treatment plant to remove iron and other
                       disolved minerals. Overlaying the fully charged Yorktown Formation are
                       generally flat sandy coastal soils with excess water for recharge
                       purposes. Excess water seeps into streams, ponds at the surface, evap-
                       orates, or transpires through vegetation. The City will continue
                       supporting state and federal regulations designed to protect ground-
                       water supplies. The City's Water Department will continue providing
                       responsible state agencies water samples for testing and data on volumes
                       of water pumped.

                                   The City of Havelock recognizes that surface water contam-
                       ination may, over time, adversely effect the quality of deeper ground
                       water supplies. Therefore, the City supports efforts of the Neuse
                       River Foundaiion, Inc. and the Division of Environmental Management in
                       there efforts to reduce sedimentation, phosphates, and nitrification
                       of surface waters in the Neuse River and its watershed.

                            (b)    Unique Coastal Geologic Formations. No geologically impor-
                       tant sites are known to exist in the Havelock vicinity. A policy
                       statement on the subject is not warranted.

                            (c)    Significant Historic, Architectural, & Archaeological Resources.
                       There is perhaps one potentially significant archaeological site in Havelock.
                       It is a Civil War bunker located near the Atlantic and East Carolina
                       Railroad tracts. The site has reportedly been disturbed and will likely
                       not merit an arcaeolgical investigation.

                                   A few structures were identified as having potential architectural
                       significance by Peter Sanbeck of the North Carolina Department of Cultural
                       Resources during an inventory of Craven County conducted in 1980. The
                       Havelock Community Appearance Commission will be asked to study the best
                       means of protecting any such structures during their 1987, program of
                       work; and to report their findings to the Board of Commissioners.

                            (d)   Stormwater Runoff. The City of Havelock is aware of the
                       State Division of Environmental Management's concerns that stormwater 'runoff
                       from urban development may very well be adversely effecting water quality
                       in Slocum Creek and the estuarine water system although this issue has
                       not been a major local issue. The City does recognize and support efforts
                       by the State, Neuse River Foundation, Inc., and the U.S. Soil Conservation
                       Service to encourage wise land use practices to reduce sedimentation and
                       and other pollutants caused by land disturbing activities and intensive
                       development of impervious surfaces which increase runoff.

                                  The dity will continue to enforce its Subdivision Regulations,
                       and coordinate enforcement of Erosion and Sedi mentation Control with NRCD,
                       and adopt a Flood Damage Prevention Ordinance in order to reduce
                       water pollution from starmwater runoff in new development. The City's
                       Director of Inspections will continue requiring contractors to seed new
                       lots under the City's Standard Design Criteria and those provisions of

                                                      68

               the City's Erosion and Sedimentation Control Ordinance that regulate
               land disturbing activit es in addition.to the State's enforcement limits.

                            Some coastal communities have adopted stormwater management
               plans to limit the rate of stormwater runoff to no greater than those
               rates existing prior to development. Because of concern for keeping
               new development from increasing drainage "downstream" to levels that
               will not cause increased localized flooding, the Planning Board and
               City Board of Commissioners have been requiring developers of new subdiv-
               isions to provide hydrologic information prior to plan approvals under
               the City's Subdivision  Ordin ance.

                           The McCotter Canal Preliminary Drainage Study (Stewart, 1984)
               did not include an evaluation of potential increased runoff effects on
               water qualitv.in receiving waters.,

                     In 1987-88  the City will seek assistance  from the State to include such
               an analysis in any final drainage planning. This will include serious thought
               toward amending the Subdivision Regulations,Standard Design Criteria, and/or
               Zoning Ordinance to include: (1) standards for vegetative buffers; (2) minimize
               impervious areas; and (3) maximize grassed swales along new subdivision streets.

                                      RE SOURCE PRODUCTION AND MANAGIMENT

                     The importance of agriculture,.forestry,  mining and commercial  fishing are
               discussed in the*data analysis section of thisplan.- The 1976 CAMA Plan and the
               '81 update included discussions.of sound managment of the above resources to the
               City and Craven.County. The'City of Havelock-policy.withrespect to natural re-
               source production.and management.recognizes the close relationship between the
               City policies and the economic dependence of.many county residents on the land
               and water resources of the area.

               [1] ........ Recreation

                           Havelock.is located in an area with many natural resources which are
               valuable for recreational purposes. Most noteable are the Neuse River, the natural
               and man made recreation facilities at Cherry Point and the resources of Croatan
               National Forest. Perhaps equally important to city residents are the programs of
               the Havelock recreation Department which utilize city resources and facilities.
                     The City has expanded its  rec reation lands and facilities in the'past five
               years through use of mandatory dedication of land or fee in lieu of dedication
               within the new.subdivision development.

                     Sermanis Park a 3.3 acre neighborhood park located north of McCotter Boulevard
               in Castle Downs subdivision and the 4.48 acre site in Stonebridge Landing used as
               a natural preserve wit4 fishing pier both serve as contrasting examples of recrea-
               tion land uses made possible through the mandatory recreation dedication provisions.

                     The new Walter B. Jones Park funded in part through a Land and Water Conser-
               vation Grantoff Hatteras and Atlantic Avenues was developed on former government

                                                  69

                                     Slocum Creek access opportunity. . .

                     Several undeveloped, generally steep sloped and wooded lots, may be
                     found fronting on public streets and touching smaller streams-leading
                     to Slocum Creek. The one above, for instance, off Bristol Lane provides
                     an excellent opportunity for improved pedestrian trails. Public purchase
                     of these parcels or donation of perpetual conservation easements for
                     greenway system development is suggested. The Westbrook, Ketner Heights,
                     and Stonebridge Landing vicinity offer Havelock's best but'dwindling
                     opporLunity for a beautifully linked system of hiking, jogging, and
                     nature trails.

                                                                    S

                                          L:w

                                                   NM66-4-

                     Residents along Webb Boulevard and other  throughfares have expressed
                     their desires for wide sidewalks and bike trails. A   city-wide trail-park
                     or greenway plan is proposed as a start at developing such a system.

               housing land across from the new Public Safety Building.

                      (a)   Policy Objective.

                            In addition to the continuing successful development of community
               and neighborhood parks, three other recreation needs were identified for agressive
               development in the planning period: (1) acquire a public boat access ramp to Slocum
               Creek; (2) build a multi-purpose recreation complex as recommended by the Recreation
               Department and Advisory Board; and (3) prepare a plan to develop an integrated
               trailpark or green way system to interconnect various neighborhoods with recreational
               facilities and provide access to.natural areas.

                      Havelock supports recreation through preservation of the surrounding natural
               resources and the programs, facilities. and activities of the Havelock Recreation
               Department.

                      (b)   Policy Alternatives.

                            Havelock recognizes the   importance of recreation   for city
               citizens. The city financially supports the programs of the       City
               Recreation Department to the fullest extent possible., The city is aware
               of its responsibility in the area of recreation and has attempted and will
               continue in the future to provide recreation programs, facilities, etc.,
               for city residents.

                      (c)   Implementation/Enforcement.

                            Havelock will  implement.and  enforce the recreation policy
               objective through the City Recreation Department, Advisory Board,-and by
               enforcement of the Subdivision Regulations. Also, in 1987, the Recreation
               Department will seek assistance from the N. C. Department of Parks and
               Recreation in means of planning a.greenway system or trail park system
               for Havelock.

                            The City also, endorses the National Forest Services recreation
               plans and land management program-s for the Croatan National Forest.

                            The City Recreation Department should be consulted for more
               information concerning'specific recreation polici    es and programs.

               (2]  ......... Productive Agricultural Lands.

                            There were no farming-activities noted    within Havelock's
               planning area during the 1986 land use survey. The City of Havelock
               does not believe a policy addressing productive a-griculturallands is
               necessary at this time.

               (31  ........ Forestry

                      (a)   Policy Objective.

                            Lands.in forestry management within Croatan National Forest and
               located in Havelock's planning jurisdiction are important natural resources.
               The City supports careful management of forestry lands as practiced by the

                                                    70

                  The winding elevated wood walkway
                                                                   J,
                  affords the lucky visitors of
                  Havelo
                        ck's newest public fishing
                  pier a rare opportunity to find
                  nature. The 5 acre wooded swamp
                  is full of song birds and plant                                 j @r@
                  life. This is an excellent example
                                              Depart-
                  ment and Planning Board in obtaining
                  of far sighted Recreation

                  land donation by the subdivision's
                  developer under the City's Sub-
                  division Ordinance, that requires
                  p4rks/recreation land dedication
                  or fees in lieu.of dedication.
                  Furthermore, CAMA permits and
                                                               - V, @ --
                  U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
                  regulations were instrumental   in
                  helping maintain this area as   a
                  natural conservatory. The access
                  trail and elevated ramps also  pro-
                  vide easy access to the handicapped
                  to an otherwise unaccessible  scenic

                  area.

                                                                           Public fishing pier   providi
                                                                           rare access to the water.
                             T, -W                                         The West Prong of Slocum
                                  e,-@ *,f7
                                                                           Creek,can now be reached V11
                                                                           a 350 foot long elevated woo(
                                                                           trail located in Stonebrid
                                                                           Landing.
                                                                                                       go

               ------------

                       National Forest Servic  e which do not substantially harm the environment.
                       The City also supports the National Forest Services' policy of land swaping
                       to consolidate holdings when it is practical to obtain: (1) right-of-way
                       for U.S. 70 bypass, (2)        those.- lands for future development southeast
                       of U.S. 70 near the projected extension of McCotter Boulevard, and (3) well
                       drained less restrictive soils for housing development northwest of Green-
                       field Boulevard.

                              (b)   Appropriat Uses.

                                    Proven forestry manage   ment practices which are environmentally
                       safe or any use proven to meet the policy objective.

                             W      Development Policy Alternatives.

                                    Basic.al ternatives considered were: 1) urge the Forestry Service
                       to give up more land for development; 2)-permit unrestricted development or
                       use through a no control policy; or 3) encourage development only where the
                       overall housing or economic conditions'of the city can be shown to directly
                       benefit; or 4) preserve all of the existing NFS land holdings. The city
                       believes a combination of alternatives 1, 3, and 4 are appropriate        to
                       insure the least interference with-a valuable resource Ind meet the needs
                       of the-City to expand alittle.

                             (d)    Implementation/Enforcement.

                                    The policy objective will-be implemented and enforced by-the
                       City Planning Board using-the.existing City'Subdivision and Zoning Ordinances
                       and the Land Classification Map.

                       (41 ........ Mining

                                    There continue to be   no areas  within the Havelock Planning
                       Area with the potential for creating any type of mining activity. The City
                       of Havelock does not believe a policy addressing mining is necessary at this
                       time.

                       .[51 ........ Commercial Fishing

                                    The City of Havelock does not believe a policy addressing
                       commercial fishing is necessary because there are no commercial fishing
                       operations of any type located within the Planning Area.'

                       [61 ......... Off-Road Vehic les

                                    There are no areas within the Havelock Planning Area (except
                       the Croatan National Forest) where public use of off-road vehicles occur
                       with any frequenci. The city does not believe a policy addressing off-road
                                         y
                       vehicles is necessary or required at this time.

                                                             71

                                    ECONOMIC AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT POLICIES

                           In 1976 Havelock Land Use Plan and 1981 update lists the following
                    as goals of the City of Havelock.

                    General Goals

                           Six general development goals for the Havelock area were still considered
                    appropriate by,the City Board of Commissioners. These general goals form the
                    basic community development policy objectives for the next ten years:

                           1)    To provide a harmonious living environment which is safe, healthy,
                                 and attractive--not only to those so choosing to live here, but
                                 for those passing through as well;,
                           2)    To expand the employment base from that of a "one industry town"
                                 so that opportunities for employment will be available for all
                                 who seek them;
                           3)    To promote development (residential, commercial, industrial, and
                                 recreational) that.is compatible with the noise and crash hazards
                                 which result from the, normal aircraft operations of Cherry Point
                                 Marine Corps Air Station;
                           4)    To provide wide ranged educational, cultural, and recreational
                                 opportunities to meet the needs of all of the community's residents
                                 through a cooperative program of public and private investment of
                                 time and money;                   q
                           5)    To preserve the qualities of the    natural environment which make the
                                 area attractive  as a place to live and visit;
                           6)    To provide public services and facilities to meet the needs of the
                                 people in a timely, efficient, and orderly manner.

                    Table 22, located toward the beginning of this chapter summarizes efforts made
                    by Havelock during the past to reach these goals.

                        ........ Moderate Urban Growth Desired.

                                 Both the 1986 and 1976*opinion    surveys indicated r"idents desired
                    to see guided moderate growth for the future. They were concerned with pro-
                    tecting the environment, allowing growth to keep pace with Havelock's ability
                    to provide services, and in such a way that traffic and poor drainage problems
                    would not increase.

                                 Necessarily, with outward city growth    generally restricted by the
                    various constraints shown on the Constraints to Development Map (A-2), one
                    might question whether there is adequate room available and services necessary
                    to meet demands described in Chapter IV. From the analysis of vacant land and
                    the projected ability of Havelock to "reasonably" keep pace with the projected
                    ten year development, the existing planning area can accomodate the desired
                    and projected growth.

                    [2] ........ Commitment to Providing Services to Development.

                                 the City of Havelock is committed and capable to     provide the
                    necessary public services required to meet the ten year projected growth       demand.

                                                              72

                     The costs for this development are to be shaied to some extent by the City;
                     but are largely to be met by developers and new residents or b     "usinesses
                     that will be required to provide all internal public facilities and contri-
                     bute "impact" or service fees too. In addition to current fees charged to
                     developers for water, sewer, recreation and (land) services, the City will
                     consider impact fees for drainage improvements.

                     [3]   ........ Redevelopment Policies.
                                  There are no areas of Havelock which currently requires'major
                     redevelopment. 'Havelock is a relatively new City and.with the possible
                     exception of only a few isolated buildings. No major redevelopment activities
                     are anticipated in Havelock during the planning period. Redevelopment or
                     remodeling of specific structures will of course be encouraged within the
                     permitted uses of the city zoning ordinance. The City currently does not
                     desire to participate in publicly sponsored housing rehabilitation.programs.

                     (4]   ........ Commiment- to State and Federal Programs.

                                  Havelock is generally su  pportive of state and federal programs
                     including.eroison control, public water access, highway improvements, and
                     construction, port facilities, dredging, military facilities, recreation,
                     etc.. There are.no federal or state programs with exception of those located
                     at, Cherry Point which,, at pr esent create either overriding interest or con-
                     cerns in Havelock. The City is basically supportive of all Cherry Point
                     activities-and recognizes thefact that without the base Havelock would not
                     exist as it does today'. -The@City is.willing to.commit resources to specific
                     proejcts individually provided funds are available and the best interests of
                     the city will be served. The city is an active member of the Neuse River
                     COG and.reviews all-state and federal projects included under the-A-95
                     Project Notification and Review System. All official comments are directed
                     through the City Administrator's Office.

                     [5)  ........ Assistance to Channel Maintenance and Beach Nourishment.

                                  Havelock supports necessary channel maintenance and shoreline
                     nourishment projects provided the benefits gained.can be proven to be
                     greater than the resulting cost whether financial or to the environment.
                     In Havelock, Slocum, and Tucker Creeks, are the only waters. The city will
                     generally support any projects or programs which will improve the public
                     accessibility or-use.potential.of these creeks, provided environmental
                     hazards are not overriding concerns.

                                  The City supports the Corps of Engineers' programs to maintain
                     and improve  existing waterways as an avenue of commercial and recreational
                     traffic. Given the economic importance of the waterway, there is no
                     real alternative to this positon. The city does not believe it should
                     provide direct financial assistance to State agencies in maintaining adequate
                     channels in the Hivelock area. However, the city will assist, if requested,
                     in obtaining easements for work and in identifying sites for "borrow"
                     material and for deposition of "Spoil" material. The 'city cannot provide
                     funding for these projects at present.

                                                            73

                                                           Ak-

                                                      ANIL

                                 Utility easements make possible trails. . .

                        Neighborhood children and adults have already created "informal"
                        trails along this CP&L electric power line easement that stretches
                        from the Lynwayne Circle area to Manchester Drive in Westbrook
                        Subdivision, crossing through Stonebridge Landing and Ketner
                        Heights. Formal creation and improvement of a trail along this
                        corridor should be considered along with feeder trails
                        connecting to points accessing scenic nature trails along
                        Slocum Tucker Creeks should be a priority item in a master trail-
                        park recreation plan. Additional encroachment agreements,
                        trail preparation, signage, and maintenance programs would be
                        necessary elements. Raleigh, N.C.'s Greenway System is a model.

                                                                                49U

                                                         V

                         (61  ........ Energy Facility Siting and Development.

                                     Havelock has no specific policy on energy facility siting or
                         development at this time.    The City is generally opposed to developing or
                         locating of any major energy facility within the Havelock Planning Area.
                         The City's Zoning Ordinance doesn't permit such a facility. The City
                         does not believe a facility can be located on available land which will
                         not be an extreme hazard to the surrounding developed area.

                                     The City reserves the right to and will comment on the locating
                         of any proposed energy facility but only after extensive review of benefits
                         and accompanying hazards.

                         [7]  ........ Tourism, Beach, and Waterfront Access.

                                     Havelock does not receive substantial economic benefit from
                         tourism. Most traffic either leaving or going to the beaches and tourist
                         areas of Carteret County does not see Havelock as a major tourist area.
                         Some commuter trade is generated seasonably by through beach traffic.

                                     During the next five years the Craven County Tourism Deve-
                         lopment Authority and City'will continue efforts to develop an air museum
                         in Havelock. In addition, the Recreation Department will consider adding
                         a line item in the 1987-88 budget request for 50 percent matching funds
                         for either a Land and Water Conservation Fund grant or CAMA grant to
                         help the City acquire a site for developing a public boat access to
                         Slocum Creek.

                         [81  ........ Strip Commercial Development.

                                     Havelock's Main Street is a case study in the development and
                         maturing of a strip commercial business district. In a way though, for
                         most of its four to five mile length, Main Street is not an ugly hodge-
                         podge of driveways, billoards, signs, solid asphalt. Yes, it does have
                         some of these characteristics, but by far not as many as Bragg Boulevard
                         in Fayetteville or U.S. 17 in Jacksonville, North Carolina.

                                     Havelock has adopted and enforced special exception regulations
                         in the Zoning Ordinance that allows the Planning Board to review developers'
                         site plans for many highway commercial businesses, enabling the City to
                         obtain better planned parking lots, landscaped areas, screening fences
                         between businesses and houses to the rear, and intergrated driveways. Also,
                         the City has a sign ordinance limiting the size and placement of on-premise
                         and off-premise signs. Unfortunately, there is still somewhat of a sign
                         jungle appearance about the area and portable signs seem to be everywhere.

                                      Additionally, the Appearance Commission's influence can be seen
                         with less junk scAttered about than ten years ago.

                                      Havelock's residents and officials want to continue efforts
                         to improve the image of the Main Street area. The City has through its
                         Zoning Ordinance and the Land Classification Map (A-3) limited the amount
                         of new acreage permitted to develop commercially along Miller Blvd.,
                         McCotter Blvd, N.C. 101, and other collector streets. This policy will
                         continue.

                                                               74

                                  STORM HAZARD MITIGATION, POST-DISASTERRECOVERY, AND
                                                      EVACUATION PLANS

                            Severe hazards from hurricanes are a real possibility throughout the Coastal
                       Plain and Outer Banks of North Carolina. Hurricane Gloria for instance,
                       potentially a major category hurricane, came so close to land falling directly
                       on Craven County in October 1985, that serious damage from wind and flooding
                       could have occured even in Havelock which is more protected than many other
                       coastal communities lying closer to the sounds and ocean. The evacuation
                       planning and-coordination of personnel from Cherry Point, Craven County,
                       Havelock, and other neighboring communities were put to a "test run" under the
                       Craven County Hurricane Evacuation, Hazard Mitigation and Post Disaster Recon-
                       struction Plan (1984). Overall the corresponding emergency operations centers
                       coordinated shelter set-ups, communications, and personnel assignments fairly
                       well.

                            Significant amounts of traffic from evacuations of Carteret County
                       passing through Havelcok via U.S. 70 and N.C. 101 did cause major traffic
                       congestion locally, localized power outages occured along with some wind
                       damage. Gloria was a close call--not a major disaster. But because of the
                       high probability that more damage and calamity could occur, local governments
                       are required to prepare several documents in advance of major storms so that loss
                       of life and property may be kept at a minimum and that damage from high water and
                       strong winds can be repaired or reconstructed in a timely and proper manner
                       following the disaster.

                            In the excellent text on the subje  ct, Before the Storm: Managing Develop-
                       ment to Reduce Hurricane Damages, McElyea, Brower, & Godschalk, 1982,.these
                       four documents are recommended:

                                  I.      a hazard mitigation plan;
                                  ii.     a reconstruction plan;
                                  III.    ordinances and resolutions dealing with hazard mitigation
                                          and reconstruction;
                                  IV.     detailed and accurate property information.

                            This section  of the 1986 CAMA Land Use Plan Update is provided to assist
                       the City of Havelock in developing policies, plans and information in line with
                       the above basic documents in orderto manage development in areas subject to
                       damage from future hurricanes. The 1981 CAMA Plan Update (p.87) addressed some
                       of the necessary policies related to civil preparedness and evacuatiou planning,
                       but not mitigation and post recovery plann   ing.

                            1. The hazard mitigation plan identifies hazard areas in the community, the
                       susceptibility to property damages and what actions will be taken following
                       disaster. It provides. . ."the f   'oundation for how reconstruction takes
                       place.       (McElyea, Brower, & Godschalk, pp. 7-36).

                                                              75

                              2.   Personnel responsibilities and procedures for assessing damages and
                        permitting repairs and re-construction are identified in the reconstruction
                        plan.

                              3.   Putting as many policies, procedures, and regulations in effect before
                        a major disaster is good insurance. It reduces confusion that would otherwise
                        occur following a disaster.

                              4.      Finally, because documentation of losses for disaster relief must be
                        accomplished promptly and in proper detail following disasters the local govern-
                        ment.should have good property maps and details of ownership and property value
                        information readily available. These things will assist the assessment team in
                        documenting losses.

                              The City has adopted, by reference, the     applicable policies and procedures
                        detailed in the Craven County Hurricane Evacuation Plan. It provides guidance
                        for coordinated evacuation communications, operations, shelter set-up and so on
                        for the Cherry Point-Havelock area. Emergency preparedness activities are pro-
                        vided at Cherry Point through a "team" of department directors and coordinated
                        by the Disaster ControlOfficer, who also serves as a laison with local officials.
                        The Craven County Fire Marshallserves as the Craven County Emergency Management
                        Coordinator with offices and the Operations Center located i         New Bern. Have-
                        lock's operations's center is the Public Safety Building.

                             ........ Storm Hazard Mitigation Plan

                              (a)     Hazard causes and potential damages.     There are four potential
                        causes of property damages and fatalities associated with hurricanes that are
                        briefly discussed here:

                                      1.    Flooding;
                                      2.    high winds;
                                      3.    wave action;
                                      4.    erosion.

                              1.   Flooding.    According to a statement on page 4 of the preliminary Flood
                        Insurance  Study published for the City of Havelcok (September 23, 1985):

                                      "The dominant source of flooding in the City
                                      of Havelock isstormsurge and riverine
                                      flooding. Storm surge . . . propogates (effects)
                                      . . .Slocum Creek, Southwest Prong Slocum
                                      .Creek, and Hancock Creek.: riverine flooding
                                      from heavy rainfall occurs on East Prong
                                      Slocum Creek and Tributary (Joe's Branch),
                                      Southwest Prong Slocum Creek, and Tucker
                                      Creek.,,"

                                                                  76

                            Not everyone in Havelock would-necessarily agree with the above statement
                      if asked where flooding problems are likely to occur following locally heavy
                      rains. An extremely flat terrain, high ground water table, and a poor drainage
                      system combine to cause localized "flooding" in east Havelock, especially from-
                      Main Street to McCotter Canal following heavy rains. Flooded streets, yards,
                      and wet carpeting on first floors of some houses is not uncommon. Rains asso-
                      ciated with a hurricane can cause flooding that doesn't show up in the Flood
                      Insurance Study.

                            Nonetheless, Floodway Boundary Maps depicting floodwavs,         Flood Insurance
                      Rate Maps depicting the 100 year flood limits for local creeks,and special storm
                      hazard (SLOSH) maps published by the Department of,    the Army, Corps of Engineers
                      were examined to determine the extent of existing development that would be effected
                      by storm surges and riverine flooding associated with hurricanes. All boundaries
                      were transferred to the Constraints to Development Map (A-2). Fortunately for most
                      of Havelock and its extraterritorial area, the storm surge is limited to the flood-
                      ways and existing channels which effect relatively few buildings. Table 22 indi-
                      cates the-number and types of structures effected by flood hazards in Havelock.

                                  Table 22 . . . Structures effected by Flood Hazards
                                                  Havelock, NC

                                          Flood
                                          Zone &           Structure       Number        Est. $
                      Stream Name         Elevation*       Type                          Value**
                      Southwest Prong                      Mobile
                       Slocum Creek          A             Homes.             16         $160,000

                      Slocum Creek           A-5 9'
                       Crystal Lake Area     A   9'        Houses             9          $720,000
                                                           Commercial         2          $ 80,000
                       Cedar Creek Dr.       A   9'        Houses             2          $160,000

                      Shore Drive            A   9'        Houses             1          $ 70,000

                      Lynnwayne Circle       A   9'        Houses             3          $ 50,000
                                                           Mobile homes       4          $ 32,000

                      Totals                                                  37        $1,272,000

                        Base flood evelvation or 100-Year flood in feet above mean sea level
                        Estimated real and personal property values by Clark Planning Services
                      Source: Clark Planning Services, based on examination of 1"=100' topographic
                      maps with two foot,'contours, Townes, Edwards & Fisher, P.A. Morehead City, NC
                      (March 23, 1977); 'Preliminary Flood Insurance Study Firm and Floodway Maps, SLOSH
                      maps showing Hurricane Hazard Areas subject to flooding, and land use survey
                      January, 1986. All maps are on file at the Havelock Public Works Department.

                                                             77

                             These Special Flood Hazard Areas are further. defined as, A5 and A6 insurance
                        zones within the 100-year flood plain.

                             2.    High winds.    Hurricanes vary greatly in sustained wind speeds, from
                        a minimum of 73 miles per hour to extremes of 165 miles per hour with wind gusts
                        up to 200 miles per hour. An extreme hurricane would do signficant damage if
                        full force winds hit Havelock. . . causing uprooted trees, major damage to
                        buildings, overturning mobile homes, down powerlines, etc. to 100% of the Have-
                        lock area. Well constructed, wind resistant buildings fare best under such
                        conditions.

                             3.    Wave action.    Wind-driven water and associated wave action may
                        effect limited estuarine shorelines in Havelock. Effected shorelines are essen-
                        tially those described in the Flood Insurance Study as A-5 and A-6 zones where
                        flooding would occur up to 9 feet above mean sea level near the more open widths,
                        of Slocum Creek and West and East Prongs of Slocum Creek up to the culverts at
                        Main Street. Note, however, the following statement from the Flood Insurance
                        Study:

                                           "No wind wave analyses were performed for the
                                            City of Havelock. Wave height analyses were
                                            not performed in the study area because it
                                            was determined that it would be unlikely that
                                            the 100-year wave height would occur coin-
                                            cident with the 100-year surge elevation.
                                            In accordance with the current FEMA guide-
                                            lines, it is recognized that wave hazards
                                            which may exist in certain areas will not
                                            be reflected in the study or maps."
                                            (p.13).

                             Although the analysis was not   performed, the limited potential   wave action
                        accompanying a 100-year. storm surge could ef f ect eleven houses, the  yacht club, and
                        a metal contractor's building located in the A-5 flood zones on the     eastern
                        exposed shorelines of Slocum Creek (see table 22 ) from Cedar Creek     Drive to the
                        Riverside Drive area.

                             4.    Erosion.    Very little bulk heading has been done in along Slocum
                        Creek in Havelock where some erosion may occur. Because of the limited expo-
                        sure of property in Havelock to wave action, erosion is not a significant
                        hazard.

                             Summary.   In conclusion it has been'suggested that perhaps all of Have-
                        lock's buildings could suffer some damage from major hurricane winds. Such an
                        effect would necessarily require a "direct hit", which is not as likely as a
                        11close passage" where less damage would occur.

                             Unlike much of Coastal North Carolina, Havelock's higher elevations and
                        limited flood plains along its estuarine waters (where little development has
                        occurred) means that flooding in those areas would directly effect less than
                        one (1) percent of the City's buildings with a estimated value of $207,000.00.

                                                                78

                       Wave action associated with flooding and storm surge could potentially effect
                       a maximum ofeleven ofi these buildings. Little if any damage would be asso-
                       ciated with erosion along Havelock's estuarine shorelines.

                            Table 23 summarizes the estimated number, percentage, and value of the City's
                       total structures that may be effected in various hazard areas in the most severe
                       hurricane conditions.

                                   Table 23 . . . Structures in Hazard Areas effected by
                                                 Major Hurricanes, Havelock NC*

                                    Residential          Commercial            Damage Values
                                                                               (in thousands of
                                    No.       %          No.      %             Dollars*)

                     1.High winds 2500        100%       150     100%           $207,200.0
                     2.Flooding       35      1.4%        2      1.3%           $ 1,272.0
                     3.Wave action     11'    0.4%        2      1.3%           $     960.0
                     4.Erosion        -       -           -       -                   -

                       *Estimated as real and personal property values. June 30, 1986, total City
                        of Havelock valuation for real and personal property was $207,200.00.

                       Source: Clark Planning Services, based on examination of I"=100' topographic
                       maps, with two foot contours, Townes, Edwards & Fisher, P.A., Morehead City, NC
                       (March 23, 1977); Preliminary Flood Insurance Study Firm and Floodway Maps, and
                       land use survey January, 1986. All maps are on file at the Havelock Public
                       Works Department.

                            The estimates of damage from various hazards are provided to give an
                       "indication" of potential damages assuming all the structures would be totally
                       lost, which is not the likely the case. In addition to those structures, over-
                       head power lines (including telephone and cable) are very susceptible to major
                       hurricane force winds. There are approximately 4.5 million dollars in utilities
                       listed for taxes in Havelock as of June 1986. No estimates were made of damages
                       that may occur to utilities and streets.

                            (b)    Policy Statements and Implementation.        Havelock's policies and
                       strategies to implement a storm hazard mitigation plan and minimize potential
                       damage include the following:

                            1.     Flooding policies.     The City Board of Commissioners anticipate
                       adopting a Flood Damage Prevention Ordinance (floodplain ordinance) as required
                       and is provided b@ the National Flood Insurance Program as the City enters into
                       the Regular Flood YInsurance Program in late 1986. As described earlier in this
                       chapter the preliminary flood insurance rate maps and flooding maps have been
                       submitted to the C@ity for review and comment. A public meeting was held in
                       July 1986, by personnel with the Federal Emergency Management Agency to explain

                                                                   79

                        the program and receive comments concerning the mapping. The City supports
                        the program and will enforce the construction standards and flooding re-
                        strictions once adopted.

                             The City also supports the continued enforcement of the U.S. Army Corps
                        of Engineers 404 and CAMA Wetlands restrictions and development permit re-
                        quirements.

                             Furthermore, because of the localized flooding, 4n eastern Havelock, the
                        City Planning Board and Board of Commissioners will (I)continue to require new
                        subdivision development to provide adequate drainage facilities in accordance
                        with the City's Standard design Criteria and Operating Proce-dures, and (2)pur-
                        sue by 1988, developing a plan to finance drainage improvements as basically
                        recommended in the 1984, Preliminary Engineering Report on the McCotter Canal
                        Drainage Basin.

                             2.     High winds.     The City of Havelock will continue to enforce the
                        N.C. State Building Code and any efforts by the Coastal Resource Commission
                        to work with the N. C. Building Code Council and Department of Insurance to
                        evaluate and improve wind restrictive construction design in structures built in
                        hurricane zones. The City will also continue enforcing its zoning ordinance
                        requirements for mandatory registration and tie-down/set-up standards for
                        mobile homes.

                             3.     Wave action.    Havelock  supports the CAMA development permit
                        regulations.for estuarine shorelines which will help ensure properly
                        secured structures and bulkheading that may be accomplished in conjunction
                        with construction permitted by the Havelock Zoning Ordinance and proposed
                        Flood Damage Prevention Ordinance.

                             4.     Erosion Control.    Because of the very limited damage potential,
                        the City of Havelock does not propose any additional estuarine shoreline
                        erosion control regulations above CAMA and Corps of Engineers 404 permit
                        requirements. The City also supports the Sedimentation Pollution Control
                        Act of 1973. However, the City maintains that the State regulations do
                        not go far enough in reducing erosion and sedimentation potential because
                        they do not apply to land disturbing activities of less than one acre.
                        Therefore, the City of Havelock would consider re-assuming responsibility
                        from the State for enforcement of its Soil Erosion and Sedimentation Con-
                        trol Ordiance which regulates land disturbing activities down to 7,000
                        square feet.

                        [21  ........ Post Disaster Reconstruction Plan

                             The City of Havelock will coordinate evacuation and reconstruction activities
                        caused by a major storm through the Craven County Emergency Operations Center as
                        called for in the Craven County Hurricane Evacuation Plan.
                             The following@sections provide a policy framework for identifying res-
                        .ponsible personnel and procedures for assessing damages and permitting repairs
                        and reconstruction following a major storm.

                                                                  80

                           (a)    After evacuation orders are issued the Mayor will appoint a Post-
                      Disaster Recovery Team  composed of the following team members:

                                           1.  City Manager
                                           2.  Public Works Director
                                           3.  Chief-Public Safety Department
                                           4.  Chief-Fire and Rescue Departments
                                           5.  Director of Inspections
                                           6.  City Clerk-Tax Collector

                            The Public Works Director will serve as the team leader with principal
                      responsibilities for overseeing the Emergency Operations Center under the
                      direction of the City Manager. The Public Safety Building will serve as the EOC,
                      where communications functions will be-centered and are tied to the Craven County
                      EOC in New Bern.   The Disaster Recovery Team will be responsible for the following:

                                    1.   Keeping the appropriate County and State officials
                                         informed;
                                    2.   Establishing an overall restoration schedule and priorities;
                                    3.   Determining requirements for outside assistance and requesting
                                         such assistance when beyond local capabilities;
                                    4.   Keeping the public informed;
                                    5.   Assembling and maintaining records of actions taken and
                                         expenditures obligations incurred and reliable estimates of
                                         sustained damages;
                                    6.   Recommending to the Mayor to proclaim a local "state of
                                         emergency" if warranted;
                                    7.   Commencing and coordinating cleanup, debris removal and
                                         utility restoration which would include coordination of
                                         restoration activities undertaken by private utility companies;
                                    8.   Identify those structures that must be  -demolished or are
                                         structurally unsafe and should be condemned;
                                    9.   Identify repairs needed to damaged structures and utilities
                                         and conducting repair and restoration of essential facilities
                                         and services;
                                     10. Assisting private busine.sses and individual property owners in
                                         obtaining information on the various types of assistance that
                                         might be available to them from federal and state agencies.

                           (b)    -Immediate Clean-up.   The Public Works Director will be responsible
                      for directing city forces in clean-up activities: removing debris, opening
                      roads and bridges, cutting and removing fallen trees and coordinating with
                      utility companies the removal of unsafe electric power lines and securing any
                      gas leaks.

                           (c)    Post-Emergency/Long Term Recovery Phase.     The Disaster Recovery
                      Team will be responsible for overseeing an orderly reconstruction process
                      after a major storm in accordance with the City's building, zoning, and
                      other land use regulations. Three reports are required to be submitted
                      in requesting state assistance: the Situation Report, the Damage Assessment
                      Report, and the Expenditure/Obligation Report.

                                                              81

                              The Situation Report alerts county and state officials of pending
                        treat or in progress hurricanes and the city's conditions and responses
                        to the emergency.   It will be prepared on the necessary forms by the
                        Team, approved by the Mayor, and submitted as necessary during the treat
                        or occurance of a major storm.

                              Within 48 hours assessments of damages must be.submitted through
                        the Craven County EOC Coordinator (Fire Marshal). The City Manager will
                        appoint a Damage Assessment Team consisting of the following persons:
                        the Director of Inspections, local building contractor, and Utilities
                        Director. This team will immediately tour the community to obtain a pre-
                        liminary assessment of the damages, classifying damaged structures by type
                        and percentage of damage to total value using the following criteria as
                        modified from Carolina County Prototype Disaster Relief and Assistance Plan
                        (N. C. Division of Emergency Management, 1981):

                                     1.    ''Destroyed" - replacement required greater than 80 percent
                                           of value;
                                     2.    "Major Damage" - extensive repairs needed over 30 percent
                                           of value and building is uninhabitable or cannot be used;
                                     3.    "Minor Damage" - damaged less than 30 2ercent of value and
                                           building is usable or habitable with caution and issuance,
                                           of a temporary certificate of occupancy;
                                     4.    "Habitable" - damaged less than 15 percent of value and
                                           building is useable or habitable.

                              Documenting    damages will be done on forms acceptable by the appropriate
                        state and federal disaster assistance agencies.

                              The Director of Inspections will-be responsible for seeing that damaged
                        buildings are appropriately "posted" as condemned or that they may be used under
                        11temporary" certificates of occupancy depending on the above damage classification
                        and applicable State Building Codes, and the City's Minimum Housing Code, and
                        Zoning Ordinance.

                              The Public Works and Utilities Directors will be responsible for assessing
                        damages to water and sewer systems, storm sewer, and city streets.

                             (d)    Reconstruction Standards.     Redevelopment following a major storm
                        will be done under the city's flood plain regulations, building regulations,
                        zoning ordinance and standard design criteria. Structures destroyed but not
                        previously conforming to these standards must be re-built according to those
                        regulations. Structures wilth minor damage will be permitted to be immediately
                        rebuilt. Conforming buildings suffering major damage will be allowed to be re-
                        built following issuance of necessary permits.

                            .(e)    Development Moratoria.     In order to allow accurate damage assess-
                        ment, clean-up activities to proceed, and basic utilities to be placed back in
                        service without interference, the City Board of Commissioners may pass
                        a'temporary moratorium for certain re-building activities --- most likely
                        re-construction for non-conforming destroyed buildings.

                                                              82

                            The moratorium would also permit time to provide alternative re-building
                      solutions to those owners of property lying within special flood hazard areas
                      in order to insure to the maximum extent possible that new construction will
                      have a reduced chance of being hit by another major storm. Depending on the
                      extent and types of damage the temporary moratorium may last up to 60 days.

                           W       Special/Temporary Housing.    Following destruction of residences,
                      it will be necessary to find  temporary substitute housing for families while
                      homes are re-built. Some of   this housing may be provided through use of
                      transient lodging facilities  and by friends and relatives of the homeless
                      families. Another option is   to temporarily permit placement of an approved
                      mobile home unit on the same  lot where the home was destroyed, but only for
                      a maximum period of 6 months  while the new home is built. The zoning ordi-.
                      nance presently does not permit such an arrangement but, the City Board of
                      Commissioners will ask the Planning Board and City Attorney to draft an
                      ordinance allowing temporary mobile home use that could be adopted following
                      a disaster.

                           (9)     Reconstruction Schedule.     The first week following the disaster
                      will be used by the Damage Assessment Team to complete necessary reporting of
                      damages to state and federal agencies. Target time frames for other recon-
                     .struction activities are suggested below as a management guide in setting
                      priorities:

                                   1.    begin repair of critical utilities and facilities within
                                         24-72 hours with priority to electricity, and water supplies;
                                   2.    declare temporary moratorium (if needed) within first week
                                         as damage assessment is completed. Minor repairs may begin
                                         immediately;
                                   3.    during the first two weeks evaluate effectiveness of miti-
                                         gration policies and hazards identification to see whether
                                         they should be used unchanged before rebuilding starts;
                                   4.    major repairs may begin under adopted regulations following
                                         plan approvals.

                            (h)    Agency Responsible for Implementation.    The City Manager will direct
                      and oversee administration of the city's Post-Disaster Reconstruction Plan re-
                      portingto the City Board of Commissioners in regular or special sessions of the
                      board as needed. The City Manager will insure that the Post Disaster Recovery
                      Team and Disaster Recovery Team perform their functions in a timely manner,
                      coordinating their work with the Craven County Emergency Management Office,
                      state, and federal agencies.

                            The Mayor, in his capacity as Chief elected official, appoint any other
                      task forces that are needed and not anticipated here.

                            U)     Repair and Replacement of Public Utilities.    The Public Works
                      Director will be responsible for overseeing the repair or replacement of water,
                      sewer, storm sewet, and streets. The City will follow normal procedures for
                      obtaining required engineering and contracting services for the purpose of re-
                      designing or relocaing these facilities before re-construction in order to make
                      them less subject to damage from another hurricane. Such actions will require
                      action by the City Board of Commissioners.

                                                         83

                        CHAPTER VI

                        LAND CLASSIFICATION

                                                      INTRODUCTION

                             The final step in the CAMA Plan update process is preparation of a
                        land classification map. The land classification mapping system was
                        devised by the Coastal resources Commission to aid in implementation of
                        the policies adopted as part of the land use plan. It allows Havelock
                        to identify precise areas where applicable local, state@ and federal
                        policies will apply. Designation of land classifications permits Have-
                        lock to demonstrate where and in what amounts urban growth should occur
                        and areas where resource protection is a priority.

                             The system contains five  separate classifications; developed, tran-
                        sition, community, rural, and conservation. The following discussion
                        contains a definition of each classification and an analysis of their
                        impact on land use. The relationships between City policies and the indi-
                        vidual classifications are also discussed. Furthermore... it is important
                        to remember that land classification is primarily a tool to assist imple-
                        mentation of policies, not a strict regulatory mechanism. An updated land
                        classification map is included as Map A-3.

                                                 LAND CLASSIFICATIONS

                        Developed Land

                             Areas classified as developed include lands presently developed.for
                        urban purposes at or approaching a density of 500 dwellings per square mile
                        which are provided with municipal public services, including at least public
                        water, sewer recreational facilities, and police and fire protection.

                             The intent of the developed class is to provide areas for continued
                        intensive urban development and redevelopment. Areas classified as
                        developed are"generally those lands already used for urban purposes, al-
                        though there are scattered occurrences of undeveloped land. Most of the
                        land area within the off-station City limits is classified as developed
                        while there are no areas outside the town limits in the developed class.

                             There are a few undeveloped areas in this classification which do
                        not have water and sewer service but as they become developed it will be
                        the developer's responsibility to provide these services in accordance
                        with City policy.

                        Transition Land

                             The transition classification contains lands that currently have
                        some urban services plus additional lands necessary to accommodate
                        the population and economic growth anticipated within Havelock's planning
                        area during.the ensuing 10-year planning period. Lands classified as
                        transition must be served or be readily served by water and/or sewer
                        and other urban services, and.generally be free of severe physical
                        limitations to development.

                                                          84

                          Since most urban development in the coming ten years will be
                     occuring in transition classed lands, those are naturally the areas of
                     the community where local, state, federal and developer expenditures
                     for public water, sewer lines, and streets will be directed. In essence
                     these are the growth areas, together with continuing in-fill on developed
                     classified lands, represent the most intensive areas projected for
                     development by 1996. .                                                                I
                          Transition areas are limited to areas within the City limits or
                     in close proximity to the City. Annexation of these areas would be
                     expected or possible during the next ten years.

                          The transition classification system when applied to Havelock's
                     planning area works best when subdivided into the following five categories
                     of primary land use type: (1) R-L Residential-Low Density; (2) R-M
                     Residential-Medium Density; (3) R-M-H Residential-Medium to High Density;
                     (4) C-C Commercial Cluster; and (5) L-I LightIndustrial.

                          (1) R-L Residential-Low DensLty has potential or contains lands
                     most appropriam for single family, larger residential lots, generally
                     averaging 15,000 square feet or larger in area. Public institutional
                     uses like schools and larger parks would also be appropriate. The established
                     Greenfield Heights and new Roger Bell Elementary School are examples.
                          (2) R-M Residential-Medium Densit transition category is ifitended
                     to provide lands for single family and perhaps duplex style development
                     with average lot sizes in the 10,000 to 15,000 square feet range. The
                     proposed Jerrett Estates and part to the Greenfield Blvd. area are
                     representative.
                          (3) R-M-H Residential-Medium to High Density development may
                     include a range of housing: single family, mobile home estates, duplexes,
                     townhouses, and apartments, although not necessarily all mixed together.
                     Here the area lot size would range from 5,000 to 10,000-square feet. The
                     Land Classification Map shows several of these classes, but they are
                     generally in close proximity of other medium to high density development
                     si,ch-as Pine Villa Townhouses located east of McCotter Blvd.

                     CC- Commercial Clusters - Lands with this designation are considered appro-
                     priate for shopping center and grouped commercial-service development.
                     Commercial and service development in a clustered fashion should help to
                     alleviate the need and demand for strip development.

                     L-I - Light Industrial- The lands within this designation are considered
                     most desirable for industrial development and as such should not be
                     preempted by other land uses because of the importance of industrial
                     development to Havelock's economic and community development. In Chapter IV
                     it was projected that 10.8 acres of industrial land would be required duiring
                     the planning period, an amount approximately equal to the industrial

                                                         85

                       space that remains undeveloped on the north side of Belltown    Road vicinity.
                       Yet as mentioned above,it is important to reserve land for industrial deve-
                       lopment to avoid preemption, to provide alternative locations., and to prepare
                       for unanticipated industrial development. As a result Havelock included approxi-
                       mately 50 acres in the light industrial class. These lands are,located along
                       Belltown Road and off of. Greenfield Boulevard at West Main Street.

                       Community Land

                           . The coumunity classification is considered appropriate for areas
                       characterized by a small grouping of mixed land uses such as residences,
                       churches, and schools which do not require public sewer service. The
                       purpose of the community class if to provide for clustered development to
                       meet housing, shopping, employment, and public service needs within rural areas.
                       These areas may require City water because land use or development density
                       prevents use of both private wells and septic tanks.

                            there are no areas classified as community'within the Havelock
                       Planning Area. The Hickman Hills area west of Havelock's jurisdictio-11 is
                     classified community in the Craven County CAMA Plan update 1.982.

                       Rural Land

                            Lands classified as rural are those best suited for agriculture, forest
                       management, mineral extraction, . and low density urban uses where urban
                       services will not be required and valuable natural resources will not be
                       over-exploited. The rural class is the broadest of the five land classes
                       in the sense that a wider range of land uses are appropriate.

                            Within Havelock's planning jurisdiction, rural lands are located
                       entirely in the extraterritorial area.

                            Areas were classified as rural for many reasons, but primarily because
                       the lands are presently best suited for agriculture or forest production and
                       urban services are not expected to be available during the planning period.
                       The Havelock's Zoning Ordinance is consistent with the areas designated as
                       rural in that all areas designated rural are zoned RA-20, a district which
                       permits low density residential uses and has no restrl.ctinns on.forest cr
                       agricultural activities.

                       Conservation Land

                            The conservation classification applies to land that should remain
                       essentially in its natural state, principally because the lands are fragile
                       or hazardous for urban development or have natural resources too valuable
                       to endanger. Lands considered appropriate for the conservation class
                       are those containing major wetlands, undeveloped shorelands that are unique,
                       fragile, or hazardous for development, wildlife habitat, publicly owned
                       water supply watersheds and aquifers, and forest lands which possess severe
                       limitations for any types of development, and which will remain undeveloped

                                                          86

                      for commercial purposes.

                           Several areas in Havelock's planning area have been classified
                      as conservation, including: much of the Croatan National Forest, the
                      estuarine waters of Slocum and Tucker Creeks, and the wooded swamps
                      that are located within flood plains and areas subject to hurricane
                      storm flooding. Any development in the conservation classification
                      will require proper permits from the City, state, and or federal
                      government.

                      Changes in Land Classifications from 1976, '81, to '86

                             The basic land use development patterns for Havelock's planning area
                      were predicted in the 201 Wastewater Facilities Plan (Moore-Gardner & Associates)
                      in 1973. Within that earlier plan's framework, the 1976 CAMA Plan and the 1981
                      update predicted a roughly balanced amount of new subdivision and commercial deve-
                      lopment to occur in East and West Havelock. This pattern has held mostlv true
                      except that (as discussed under the Chapter II) more development than was
                      predicated occured to the east and southeast as well as west of the extraterri
                      torial limits that existed in 1981. Noteably the City extended its extraterri-
                      torial area in 1983, up to the McCotter Canal and further westward as well
                      include rapidly developing-areas. Additionally, the Westbrook Subdivision and
                      Westbrook Shopping Center areas were re-classified from Rural to Transition on
                      the Craven County Land Classification Map on May 6, 1983. However, both Craven
                      County and the City of Havelock inadvertently overlooked the need to re-classify
                      from rural to Transition the area east and southeast of the Webb Boulevard Area
                      to McCotter Canal during the same period. Although the City did extend its
                      jurisdiction over the area in 1983.

                            -The Land Classification Map presented in this update includes all of the
                      area within the City's present planning jurisdiction. The other significant
                      changes proposed on this map are the creation of five sub-categories of trans-
                      ition lands as discussed earlier. These are'proposed in order to provide a
                      finer tuned picture of development type (i.e., residential, commercial, or
                      industrial) and intensity (low, medium, or higher density residential classes)
                      for local planning purposes.

                                                         87

                                               UPDATED GENERAL REFERENCES
                                                          1986
                                                      LAND USE PLAN

                       Drainage Study for City of Havelock, NC - (September 1977), Townes, Edwards &
                       Fisher, P. A., Consulting Engineers

                       Standard Design Criteria and Operating Procedures - Streets, water  s, sanitary
                       sewer, and storm sewer City of Havelock, NC (January 10, 1983), prepared by
                       Moore-Gardner and Associates

                       Ordinances
                        Capital Reserve Ordinance - Water System Expansion - adopted June 25, 1984

                       -Capital Reserve Ordinance - Wastewater Treatment    adopted June 25, 1984

                        Dedication of Streets, etc. Major Subdivisions    adopted October 28, 1980

                       Havelock Land Use Plan -(1976)..         prepared for and adopted by the Havelock
                       City Board of Commissioners, Technical Assistance provided by NC Department of
                       Natural & Economic Resources, Division of Community Assistance, Robert E. Clark,
                       Project Planner

                       Sub.chapter 7B- Land Use Planning Guides of the NC Administrative Code, (June
                       17, 1985) - The NRCD Office of Coastal Management

                       Summary of the Havelock Land Use Plan, (May 17, 1976) - Prepared for and
                       adopt ed by the Havelock City Board of Commissioners-, technical Assistance
                       provided by NC Department of Natural & Economic Resources Division of
                       Community Assistance,

                       Havelock & Cherry Point Map -.(.1978) copyright Patricia A. Bailey

                       Zoning News - Ballots Cast on Growth and Environmental Controls, Maryland
                       Commission Adopts "Critical Area" Rules - (Dec ember 1985) -.American Planning
                       Association

                       Guidance Handbook - to help local governments  make site specifics findings
                       affecting site specifics findings affecting the initial Chesapeake Bay Critical
                       Area - (April 1985) - Prepared for Maryland Department of State Planning, by
                       Rogers, Golden & Halpern, Inc.

                       City of Havelock - Land Use Plan Update - (June 1981) prepared under NC Coastal
                       Area Management Act of 1974 for Havelock NC by Board of Commissioners, Technical
                       Assistance by - Neuse River Council of Governments

                       Wrightsville Beach NC - CAMA Land Use Plan - 1985 Update, (July 1985) prepared
                       by Talbert, Cox and.Associates

                       201 Wastewater Facilities Plan - Havelock - 201 Planning Area - User charge
                       system - (June 1979) Moore, Gardner & Associates Inc.

                       Widening Hatteras and Atlantic Avenues - Public Safety Building     Havelock NC
                       (1983) MGA Incorporated, Architects and Egnineers Planners

                                                           88

                      Thoroughfare Plan - Havelock NC - (March 1977) adopted by NC Board of
                      Transportation - August 12, 1977

                      Before the Storm - Managing Development to Reduce Hurricane Damages
                      (August 1984) by William D. McElyea, David J. Brower, David R. Godschalk, with
                      Barry Seymour

                      Craven County Land Use Plan - (February 1982) prepared by the Craven County
                      Board of.Commissioners and the Craven County Planning Board with assistance
                      from Donald Baumgardner, County Planner and John Schofield, AICP, Consultant
                      Planner

                      Air Installation Compatible Use Zones Update - Cherry Point MCAS - (1981)

                      Flood Insurance Study - City of Havelock NC -,(September 23, 1985) - Federal
                      Emergency Management Agency

                      Preliminary Engineering Report on McCotter Canal Drainage Basin for City of
                      Havelock Craven County, NC - (October 1984) James E. Stewart & Associates, Inc.

                      Fiscal 1985-86 Budget  City of Havelock

                                                         89

                                                                                                                                                                              HAVELOCI
                                                                                                                                                              PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT QUESTIONNAIRE

                                  We were commissioned to survey Havelock and its environs
                                                                                                                                            I.    Where do  you IJv4? (Check One)
                                                                                                                                                        1.  Inside the Havelock City Limits?        162
                                  and to present a completed report of our findings to Mr.
                                                                                                                                                        2.  Outside the Havelock City Limits?        49
                                  Bob Clark of Clark Planning Associates. The survey instrunent                                                         3. Ave you a non-Tesident?                   0
                                  was designed and revised during three subsequent Meetings.                                                2.    Name the  neighborhood, subdivision. at project what*
                                                                                                                                                  you live  ldeAtbtooke. WEAt Gate. Kttnt4 HtA. , Von Lee Ott.
                                                                                                                                         whiape4ing PirIC6, Cabtft DOWnS, COM9E PaAk, GiteeKlieLd HtA., G)Leen6ietd
                                  A survey team headed by Dr. Tim Britton of Behavior Research                                           Mobitt Eatatca, FuNcat        Httta, luchaun laft. raxft,@ffavetoek Pd/Lk, Pine Ac4t,
                                  Associates interviewed residents in the Havelock planning                                                 3.    Age                                                       Woodhaven PaAk
                                                                                                                                                        1.  Be low le         3
                                  area on February 14, 15. 21, and 22 and presented their                                                               z . 10 to  24       31
                                  findings to Mr. Clark on February 28, 1986.                                                                           3.  25 to  34       61
                                                                                                                                                        4.  35 to  44         6
                                  We were able to complete 136 personal interviews and 75                                                               5.  45 to  54       43
                                  telephonic interviews. An attempt was made to sample each                                                             6.  55 go  64      -i T
                                                                                                                                                        I . 65 or  over
                                  residential area and to randomly select the household to be
                                                                                                                                            4.    Sax
                                  included in the survey. A clustered, focused samp@e was uti-                                                    '.J.    115       Female    96          19 joint-couptea .... 4ex oJ majo4
                                  lized in order to assure that the sample was indeed represen-                                             S.    Which of  the following applies to you?        ite6pondent waa noted)
                 In               tative of Havelock and surrounaing planning jurisdiction areas.                                                    144 1. Own or purchasing home
                                                                                                                                                     41 2.  Rent a home
                                  Many ancillary remarks were made and noted. The interviewers                                                       14 3.  Own other property in   Havelock area
                                                                                                                                                     26 4.  Live in a mobile home                           P)
                                  were instructed to present their questions/statements and to
                                                                                                                                            6.    How  tons have you livad*in the  Havelock &real
                                  make note of any ancillary remarks. The remarks were discussed                                                                                                       0
                                                                                                                                                  1.   Under 2 years      61-                          0
                                  and presented as part of this report as attachments to each                                                                           +6                               1  100
                                                                                                                                                  2.   2 to 4 years                                    U)   cy,
                                                                                                                                                                                                       C:
                                  page of the survey instrument.                                                                                  1.   4 to 6 years       16-
                                                                                                                                                  4.   6 to 10 years                                        0
                                  Our survey team was well received by the community                We were                                       S.   Hare than 10 years      96                           rt

                                                                                                                                                                                                            M
                                  welcomed in almost every instance with a friendly willingness

                                  to cooperate. Those persons interviewed seemed qjrAtCfUJ_that
                                  the Havelock Planning Board was inierested.in their ipeut,

                                  Citizen Opinion Survey, Behavior Research
                                  Associates, George M. Britton, PhD., Director
                                  Kinston, NC. February 26, 1986

                                                                                                                                           10.    Please indicate  the deicee of                        be       a
                                         What is your primary occupationl                                                                         agre                                         log               IL
                                7.                                                                                                                    ement or disagreement with              .4
                                         (There   may be more than one response)                                                                  ... h of the following statements
                                         33       1. Civil Service                                                                                1.  There is enough business development         12   29       Z3   126     41
                                                                                                                                                      in Havelock
                                                  2. Milit'ary Service                                                                            2.  More industry In Havelock would              31   92       18   5 3     17
                                         27       3. Retiree                                                                                          improve the quality of life
                                         5        4. Unemployed                                                                                   3.  New industry locating in Havelock                          3    10      19
                                         -7-                                                                                                          should be required to file an
                                                  5. Student'                                                                                         environmental Impact statement               11
                                         28       6. Housewife                                                                                    4.  A person should be able to do                11   2 3      0    81      96
                                         0        7. Farming or Forestry                                                                              anything he wants with his land
                                         7        g. Construction or Craft                                                                        5.  Planning can minimize conflict*
                                                                                                                                                      be -ween economic development                16  13 5      31   26      3
                                                                                                                                                        r
                                         4        9., _Clerical                                                                                       and environmental protection
                                         8        10. Sales                                                                                       6.  We have enough people living                                            2
                                         _6                                                                                                                                                        211  41       5    102     4
                                                  it. General Labor                                                                                   in Havelock now
                                         12.      12. Self Employed                                                                               7.  We should try to attia1ce more               2 2 121                    10
                                         24       t3. other   /Langes 640M t4ack dAivejL to tave)tn emptoyee                                          permanent residents
                                                   to 6choot teachm                                                                               8,  We should give high priority
                                                                                                                                                      to improved community or
                                                                                                                                                      county services (central                     41  106       16   21      11
                                8.       How do you get most of your information about activities in the City of                                      or area water systems.
                                                  noted by numbek 06 time4 mentioned; wo4d oj mouth=121                                               sewage disposals. etc.)
                                         Havelock?-                                                                                               9.  We must control City
                                         New BeAn Sun-JoLuLitats69; Havetock P)tog)te64-92; Wind�oc!L=48                                              growth to allow services
                                                                                                                                                      to keep pace with the                        14  146       7    32      12
                                9.       In @our opinion.-which of the following best described how large                                             need
                                                                                                                                                 10.  We should develop local
                                         Vievelor                                                                                                     tourism (i.e.. Greaten
                                                  .k should be 10 year item now? (Choose One)
                                                                                                                                                      National Forest, Cherry                      2    99       0    97      13
                                         3Z       1. Remain about the same size as now                                                                Point)
                                         91       2. Increase a small.amount                                                                     11.  We should be concerned
                                         72       3. Increase a substantial amount                                                                    with airport flight                                        0    36      18
                                         16       4. Decrease in size                                                                                 patterns
                                                                                                                                                 12.  We should be concerned
                                                                                                                                                      with aircraft noise                          29  151       1    14      16
                                                                                                                                                      pollution
                                                                                                                                                 13.  More of the Greaten
                                                                                                                                                      National Forest near
                                                                                                                                                      Havelock should be                           25   32       8    10,9    3 7
                                                                                                                                                      sold for development
                                                                                                                                                 14.  Mobile homes should
                                NOTE:    The City (exclusive of Cherry Point MCAS) has nearly doubled in                                              only be allowed in
                                         p pulation in the last tO years.                                                                             planned mobile home                       102     60       0    4 5     4
                                                                                                                                                      park$
                                                                                                                                                 15.  The City of Havelock
                                                                                                                                                      and State Dept. of
                                                                                                                                                      Transportation should
                                                                                                                                                      develop the HWY 70                           17   91       32   75      6
                                                                                                                                                      By-Pass of Havelock
                                                                                                                                                 16.  Commercial  airlines should be
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      F
                                                                                                                                                      allowed to  use Cherry Point                 1)   49       126  IF04 1 21

                                         NOTE`* Rating iA ba4ed on a poaaibte pe4ject aco/Le ol 2110.

                                                                                                                                                        12.    Are you generally pleased with the way Havelock is developing?
                                                                                                                                                               yea     161       No 48           had I "not 6u,%e" anaweJt4 that woutd
                                                                                                                                                                                                 not aay yea o4 no.
                                           Rate the following community services/and/or facilities from           zero (0)
                                           to ten (10). where 0 is very poor, 10 is excellent, and 5 Is           satisfactory.                         13.    List two (2) or more chIngs you like about Havelock.
                                                                                                                                           N ORDER OF          1.      the peopte 1j4iendty and inte4esting)
                                           SERVICES                          (Circle One)                                                  REQUENCY OF
                                           1.   Re scIus Squad                        8  7   6  5   4  3   2  1   0    1741                ENTION ....         2.      p4oxim.ity to wateAt ApolttA and hunting
                                           2.   Public Schools               to    9  8  7   6  5   4  1   2  1   0    1318                                    3.      aize (amatt town atmoapheiLel LOW CRIME &4equentty added.
                                           3.   Street Conditions            10    9  8  1   6  5   4  3   2  1   0     728
                                           4.   Teenage-Re creation                                                                                     14.    List two (2) or move things you d     Ion't like about Havelock and would
                                                Programs                     to    9  8  7   6  5   4  3   2  1   0     352                                    Like to see changed.
                                           5.   Adult Recreation                                                                                               1.      tie jo/c 01 .... d4ainage and Itoada
                                                Programs                     to    9  8  7   6  5   4  3   2  1   o     611                                    2.      "eed a 4hopplIng Cente4 matt and bette4 Ae4tauflant4
                                           6.   Fire Protection              to    9  8  1   6  5   4  3   2  11  0    1546                                    3,      citowded 4ehoot6 ... ..Mdrly mentioned IS MObite unita at I achoo,
                                           7.   City Government              10    9  8  7   6  5   4  3   2  1   0    1111
                                           8.   County Government            to    9  &  7   6  5   4  3   2  1   o    1266
                                           9.   Law Enforcement              10    9  8  7   6  5   4  3   2  1   0    1110
                                         to-    City Planning                10    9  8  7   6  5   4  3   2  1   0    1239
                                         It.    Medical Services             10    9  a  7   6  5   4  3   2  1   0    1424
                                         12.    Library Services             10    9  8  7   6  5   4  3   2  1   0    1212
                                         13.    StormWater Drainage          to    9, 8  7   6  5   4  .1  Z  1   0     J18
                                         14.    Sewage treatment             to    9  8  7   6  5   4  3   2  1   0     613
                                         15.    Drinking water               10    9  8  7   6  5   4  3   2  1   0     816
                                         16,    Garbage Collection           10    9  e  7   6  5   4  3   2  1   0    113 5
                                         17.    senior Citizens Programs     10    9  8  7   6  5   4  3   2  1   0    1030
                                         18.    Park facilities              10    9  8  1   6  5   4  3   2  1   0    1304
                                         19.    Comnuotty Appearance         to    9  a  7   6  5   4  3   2  1   0    1289
                                         20.    City Relations with
                                                County                       10    9  8  7   6  5   4  3   2  1   0    1301
                                         21.    Ulations with CherKy
                                                Point MCAS                   to    9  8  1   6  5   4  3   2  1   0    1816

                                                                             -4-

                                                                                                                                                                                   3

                                             page #3, major question #10

                                                                                                                  None of the interviewers were presented with critical
                             question #5 seemed difficult for the respondents to clearly                                            01
                                                                                                                  comments about the RESCUE SQUAD. The gist of the remarks
                             understand. We are not certain that the interviewers were                                 about th  0 NBLIC SCHOOLS were basically structural.
                                                                                                                  made          e F
                             able to elaborate on this without biasing the response.
                                                                                                                  Schools in the Western regional seem to have a bit of a

                             question #9 frequently set off an elaboration on what was                            halo effect  ..... doing the best we can with what we've got.

                             perceived a "growth pains": development in swamps, over-                             STREET CONDITIONS were in the running for lower ratings.
                             crowdin�'ih the schools, traffic problems at 7am and 4pm,                            Most residents complained about potholes and drain4%p. Some
                             drainage, etc.                                                                       expressed concern at the -confusion caused by access roads.
                             qu@sticns 11 &  12 responses could be misinterpreted. In about                       TEENAGE RECREATION PROGhAMS were perceived to be non-existent.
                                                                                                                  Many persons praised pre-teen programs but there seems to be
                             75% of the cases in which this was identified as a problem,                          a Igeneral perp tion of "nothing for our teens to do".
                             qualifiers were used. These comments most frequently were:                                         FS-7
                                                                                                                  ADULT RECREATION PROGRAMS was frequently met with puzzled
                             "It isn't avoidable .... without the noise there wouldn't be
                                                                                                                  looks and "we don't know of any but I guess they're okay".
                             any Air Base, Cherry Point or Havelock"; or, "We knew about
                                                                                                                  FIRE PROTECTION was another area that received rave reviews.
                             the noise when we came here". It is the opinion of the resear-
                                                                                                                  Areas served by Volunteer and City services fared equally well.
                             chers that this is a popUlar no,n-issue.                                                         6711
                                                                                                                  CITY GOVERNMENT received mixed reviews. The interviewers are

                             question #15 was debated and not clearly decided in most                             of the opinion that any "government" would receive mixed
                             instances. A major concern seemed to be the loss of transient                        reviews at this time. Many persons expressed negative response
                             traffic and business in Havelock, especially beach traffic.                          to the idea of Havelock extending to include their communities,

                                                                                                                  even t.hough this question was not presented as such.
                             question #16 did not seem to be of significant importance to                                        (4)
                                                                                                                  LAW ENFORCEMENT was an area touched on by many ancillary
                             persons not affiliated with the military base. The split was                         remarks. Most interviewees seemed to perceive that the law
                             generally military against and civilians for or undecided.                           enforcement personnel "wear a heavy badge" and could benefit

                                                                                                                  greatly with a little attitude adjustment. "They could be a
                                                                                                                  whole lot more friendly and helpful" was frequently mentioned.
                                                                                                                                    (1-0 ).
                                                                                                                  The area of CITY PLANNING was not met with a great deal of

                                                                                                                                                                                           5

                                enthusiasm or recognition. Many perceived Havelock to be                                                                                     ing of
                                                                                                                         GARBAGE COLLECTION received the third highest rat
                                growing randomly without plan or purpose.      Our survey team                           the services and facilities evaluated. We made an attempt
                                was instructed to respond that @ur survey      was part of an orga-                      to differentiate between private and city uickuR and both
                                nized'planning effort.                                                                   services reLeived very high ratings, consistently.
                                                                                                                                I   /;@                                          responses
                                MEDICAL SERVAS was difficult to evaluate. Many of our sample                             SENIOR C TI   IS PROGRAMS received a strange mix of
                                received medical services on the base or drove to New Bern                               ranging from a "non-existent" to "outstanding". Most persons

                                or Carteret c unty.
                                                                                                                         responding to this item were not aware of much activity in
                                LIBRARY SERVICES received good marks when we were able to                                this area but still not willing to rate it below (5).
                                interview persons familiar with the facility. Most seemed                                PARK FACI 09    did not receive very many comi@ents from
                                aware of but not   desirous of using the facilities in Have    lock.
                                              (13)                                                                       respondents.to this item. Most persons were either not inte-
                                STORM WATER DRAINAGE is A#l as the major issue among the
                                                                                                                         rested in this service or relatively pleased with what is
                                persons selected in this sample Population. Even those not                               available at this time.
                                effected by this problem cited this as a major problem for                                              ('19,
                                others  .therefore a major area issue.Most _persons seemed to                            COMMUNITY APPEARANCE was the subject of many ancil-1,3ry remarks,
                                                                                                                         most regarding the appearance of Havelock as a "strip city"
                                want to place the "blame" on development that was allowed                                built up on highway 70. Se  .venteen persons complained about

                        I       in flood plain or "swamp" areas..
                       Ln                                                                                                the "Movie Mate" operation.
                                SEWAGE TREATMENT-teceived low marks (relatively) because it                              CITY RELATIONS WITH  THE COUNT:-YFd1 id not stir many comments or
                                seems so close_ly_tied to the waterldraifiag   .e issue. Many persons                    remarks. Most persons interviewed seemed to have little
                                using septic tanks co]nL)la ined of this as an issue in other                            knowledge or interest in t    s opic.

                                areas of the planning district.
                                                                                                                         RELATIONS WITH CHERRY POINT MCAS received the highest rating
                                DRINKING WATER is a major issue     in areas served by the city                          of any item in this survey. Most persons attributed this to
                                system.. The interview team was frequently subjected to sample's                         the present Commanding General's staff and his excellent
                                of rust or muddy colored water with a distinct taste. The                                leadership. We encountered frequent mention of jointly spon-
                                numerical rating on this as an issue should be examined so                               sored MCA'S/Havelock programs. A significant majority of the
                                that Persons with private wells could be excluded from the                               interviewees perceive the U.S.M.C. to be a very good neighbor.

                                analysis.

                                                                                                                                                                              7
                                                                                            6

                            Persons responding Ea question number thirteen, two or                             but most persons mentioning this as an issue tied it back
                            more things that you like about Havelock, most frequently                          to what seems to be unplanned growth .... the perception

                            mentioned the friendly Deople who seem to have settled in                          that Havelock is growing faster than the community ability
                            this area. We can understand and appreciate this. Our survey                       to develop adequate support services. The desire for police

                            sample included 136 personal interviews. we only encountered                       to work an a more friendly helpful attitude and water and
                            two households unwilling to cooperate with us. We were most                        sewage problems were also frequent ly mentioned. Persons
                            frequently welcomed and often invited to share coffee and                          identifying with these problem areas were quite outspoken

                            fresh baked cookies. The entire survey team was impressed  by.                     in expressing their frustration,at obtaining some relief,

                            our warm reception.                                                                or at least assurances that their concerns were being beard

                            Proximity to water spo rts and hunting was the second most                         by those who are a part of the decision making process.

                            frequently mentioned attraction. The small size of the town
                            and low crime rates were also frequen tly mentioned. Based on                      Orderly, planned growth, at a rate that would allow the
                                                                                                               development of adequate support services and facilities
                            consensus of the survey team, we can conclude that Havelock.
                                                                                                               seems to be the desire of most Havelock area residents.
               03           residents appreckate the small community 4tmosphere and are
                I                                                                                              Sentiment was also noted that would be supportive of growth
               ON           supportive of-pjanned orderly Irowth. The population seems
                                                                                                               in harmony with what is perceived to be an attractive natural
                            very much in tune with environmental concerns. Interviewees
                                                                                                               environment.
                            seem to favor growth in harmony with what they perceive to

                            be a comfortable natural setting.

                            Item number fourteen, two-or more  things that you don't like                      Respectfully submitted by:
                                                     (r,                                                       BEHAVIOR RESEARCH ASSOCIATES
                            about Havelock, recei ved.diainaqe problem recognition most
                            frequently but rouqh roads and potholes seemed to be of equal                                 09@5()
                                                      OT11                                                                  X_7kz@@
                            importance. We also encountered frequent mention of the need                                    'tt@, Ph.D.
                            or wish for a shopping mall and better ron-fastfood restau-
                            rants. Overcrowding in the schools was mentioned frequently                        February 26,-1986

                                                                                                          DATE DUE

                                                                                      GAYLORDINo. 2333                                  PRINTED IN U.S.A.

                                                                                                  3 6668 14105 8513