[From the U.S. Government Printing Office, www.gpo.gov]
Recreation, Scenic, and Heritage Areas of Particular Concern r woo Iflir1111 I I'll T', OT7MI111; 1 1 117,46''! 1-11"1111,1411111 11 "1! i 11 11 iIIII TI HI I IV r. F. a SO Ei -M -M F @1w*i1dMiiMMzA Mado gas@ 11;Riii 11113iiiiiii iiiiiiiiiiiii Ili MIN ii iii R11111iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii ! ........... V SIP jr moo .......... MIUMM9,001, one Ono i i-M ri 1-5 fiffif H I -go 0 1 F, i j i jjs it givisi -Sam- -111. H.111111191101111 ;41,1101BII, iffliflilifli VON HD 211 e Pu et to A4 R43 1978 e Suc'k1'i0n99 Alaska Recreation, Scenic and Heritage Areas of Particular Concern: Cape Puget to Cape Suckling, Alaska 6q48qP A report by Planning Section Alaska Division of Parks Department of*Natural Resources for Alaska Coastal Management Program Alan H. Meiners W. Terra Prodan Neil C. Johannsen Typing: Phyllis A. Gervell "This project was supported, in part, by federal Coastal Zone Management Program Development funds q(P. L. 92-583, Sec. 305) granted to the State of Alaska by the Office of Coastal Zone q-q1q1qanagement, National Oceanographic and Atmo2qfq;,pher6qi04qc Adm36qinis- qCq@ trationq.q, U. S. Department of Commerce." July, 1977 Revised Draft March 1978 US Department of Commerce NOAA Coastal 40qSqeq-q-q-8qv6q@qccqo Cqcq-qitcq:q7 LI44qbrary 2234 South I q'6qE;qsqz= Ch6qaqi36qAeston, Content's Iqatroductio0qn The Area History Climate -Flora and Fauna IV Transportation 4qvqiqi Land Status 6qVqIqIqI Recreation Use qI4qx Recreation Areas oqf Particular Concern Scenicreas of Particular Concern 63 Heritage Areas of Particular Concern 85 8qS2qc6qlentific and Wilderness Areas of Particular Concern 99 Bibliography 109 Index. 112 M 1=1=31= I Z-31 vw 17--Z- -Atp P;ziric-- mod E>C%^ tq GULF OFI-SLJVKn@- E31 EM I M I I M I M- I I I m I M I m I I =I I I LoCoa'L'ion ir'nila Introduction ,@he marine shoreline of over 3,_500 miles found in the Prince ,Villiam Sound/Controller Bay _po:-zilon of the state represents a spectacular and diverse assemblage of recreation, scenic, wilderness, and heritage resource values to both the people of Alaska and the nation. Although historical records show habitation of this area since approximately 200 A.D., to date the e-ff ects of human use on this area are slight. Con- sequently, the recreational and aesthetic values of this area- have been relatively undisturbed. However, the Prince William Sound/Controller Bay area is by no means isolated from the profound land ownership and land use changes which are occurring throughout Alaska. Potential disturbance and degradation of recreation and aesthetic va- lues may occur from a number of sources. Factors contribu- ting to increased human use of 'L.*he sound include: population growth in Anchorage and elsewhere in the state leading to in- C@ k. - In creased rec@-eation demand for areas such as Prince lVilliam Sound; the transportation of oil from Prudhoe Bay to Valdez- and concomitant shipping activities, development and popula- tion growth; a nationwide increase 'in demand for timber pro- ducts which may bring more portions of the area under inten- sive forest management; potential completion of the Copper River Highway to Cordova and/or a highway connection to Whittier; the construction of a liquified natural gas plant alt. Point Gravina and the development of access roads to that site; the transfer of large amounts of presently publicly- owned'land to Native corporations under the provision of the Native Claims Settlement Act; selections of land by the state for community expansion and recreation needs. -In the coming years a number of land use decisions and plans will be formulated regarding the resources of the Prince William Sound/Controller'Bay area. Amon g these planning activities will be the development of both local and region- al coastal management- plans to direct the development and protection of the area's.coastli-ne. This report has been prepared, hopefully, 'to define more ,.clearly the recreation, scenic, wilderness, and heritage values present in order that they may be fully considered in these and other land use actions. This report is by no means an absolute account of these resource-valuesi but has been formulated to denote particular areas, their approxi- mate boundaries, and acreacre, and values present in order to fulfill more immediate plann-inS needs. T h A r e a Prince William Sound is a scenic and relazively pristine area of the State. The sound, comprised o-f numerous glacier- 4 scoured fiords and both- large and small offL-slnore -Lslands, is bordered by the Kenai Mountains to the wast, Chugach Mountains to the north, St. Eli-as Mountains to the east, and .the open Gulf of Alaska to the south. Vegetation found in this area is similar in nature to the Sitka sDruce-herniock coastal vegetation type found throughout much-of southern Alaska. This area is a sharp contrast to the upland, hard- wood spruce forests which are prevalent throughout much of the remainder of southcentral Alaska. Because of the large, ..intricate and protected waterways, wildli-fe, regional unique- ness of the area, and-proximity-to the Anchorage-Fairbanks railbelt area, Prince William Sound offers unique coastal recreation opportunities to a large segment bf Alaska's po- C, C@ .pulation as well as visitors to the St.ate. ell H st- o -8. Ou h the Prince William Sound and Afognak areas have long been inhabited by the Chugachimiut. Eskimo people. Records at Palugvik on Hawkins Island in Prince William Sound possi- bly date habitation to 200 A.D. The location and composi- tion of archaeological sites throughout the area attest to the marine or coastal orientation@of early inhabitants. de Laguna (1956) states: The Chugach have a keen awareness of geography and history. Every bay, island, rocky point, or beach has its name, and many of these were the scenes of historical or legendary events. Village sites were invariably oa the shore,.usually on protected waters for travel in this area is practically restricted to boats. The village was 'A frequently so placed that it commanded a view of the approaches and a. sFate--le U 0& . . . position seems to have been 2. m more. important consideration that the neigh- borhood-of a salmon stream or a particu- larly rich be d of shellfish. Thus no permanent villages were located at the in- heads of bays, in spite of the tempt g presence of some of the best salmon streams, beeause these were "dead ends" from which escape by water would be impossible in the event of an attack. Temporary camps were, however, made at fish streamsduring the sairon runs. The Eyak people occupied the Copper River-Delta area and re- present cultural attributes of Eskimo, Athabas.1qan -and Tlin git groups. The Tlingit people, residing to south, did upon occasion enter the Prince Nilliam Sound area in raiding parties. European contact began July of .1741 qwqi-Lqh, 8qV_` -_-u-s Bering's landing-, at Kayak Island, southeast oqf the Conner River Del- ta. Spanish and English explorations followed Bering's visit. The first permanent habitation by Iq-qEurcqo-0eaqns in Alas- qkqa was by the Russians in 1784 on Kodiak Island at Three- Saints-Bay. The Russians soon be-an to exploit marine fur- bearing mammals throughout Cook Inlet, Prince l6qNilli4qam Sound, and the Kodiak Island area. 'Other Spanish aqnd English ex- plorations resulted qin the three nations laying claim to Prince William Sound within a two year period. Today, one finds many pl4qacenames of Russian, English, and Spanish ori- gin-along the 8qsouthcentr4qal Alaska coastline. For eighty-three years the Russian American Commany- control-. led southcentral Alaska. In 1867, when Alaska W0qa4qS Durchased by the United States government from Russiq_, feqw changes oc- curred in trade and co=erce patterns exceqp-qc 0qthe ini.t0qiation qo_ commercial fishing activities which*are still very much the regional lifestyle in qthe area. With the discovery of gold in the Fairbanks area, transportation routes to in- terior Alaska became very important. The Richardson trail .between Valdez and Fairbanks was utilized for haul-in6qg, freight; Cordova became a r8qailhe4qad for copper coming out of ..the Kennecott mines near Chitin0qa. .Construction of the Al0qas6qk-qa Railroad in 1920 brought large numbers of construction Workers into the Cook Inlet region. Seward, as the southern terminus of th0qfs project, experqiq- enced a great deal of railroad-related growqmh. During World qWar II a concern for the defensibility of qt0qhe Seward Railroad terminus led to the construction of a second terminus and :Military supply base at qthe head of Passage Canal. This 8qDro- Ject at Whittier involved the construction ofL two railroad tunnels of one and two and one-half miles in length. qli4qrqn4qa6qte The Prince William Sound-Copper River* 'areq,q,q- is within a mari- of -his zone is typified by time climatic zone. The climate L heavy precipitation, often strong surface q.q-qYinds, cool sum- mers and mild winters. Cyclonic storms gener00qa4qzed bY the low- pressure trough located 016q@eqi0q@ the Gulf of Alaska produce clouds, rain, fog, and snow between the months of October qCq, for this area are easterly; through 'March. Prevailing winds local var- however, for the majority of Prince Willi6qa-la Sound iations.in this wind pattern predominate. Local to0qpqrograph32qy both generates and exerts strong wind influence on specific silCes. A phenomena particular to this area is the intense 'Iwilliwaw" winds which spill over the mountain ranges into the coastal areas, occasional!V generating sudden winds of over 105 k.p.h. (65 m.p.h.). Precipitation rates vary considerably throughout.the area. Whittier receives annually 176 inciaes of Drecipitation, while Cordova receives 81 inches. Cordova annually receives 262 cloudy days per year, while Valdez receives only.190. Flora c%nd. Fau-na Terrestrial Flora The terrestrial vegetation of the area is characterized by three major types: (1) Sitka spruce-Western hemlock, (2) wet tundra, and (3) alpine tundra. The Sitka spruce-Western hemlock association occurs from sea level to 600 meters (2,000 feet). Of the three plant associations., this type is the most extensive. However, due to the relatively steep topography of this area, this forest association is confined primarily to a narrow coastal strip and stream valleys. The relative proportions of Western hemlock to Sitka spruce varies. Generally, the percent of hemlock in the forest strand i@hich is greatest in the eastern portions of the sound, decreases steadily as one moves in a west@vard direction. Thus.,.in the western portion of the sound, Sitka spruce occupies a greater portion of the forest association. Alaska cedar, cottonwood, aspen, white spruce, and paper birch are also found in this association. Their existence is, however, patchy and locally restricted. Understory shrubs often found in this association include Sitka alder, devil's club, salmonberry, willows, Pacific red elder, rusty menziesia, copper- brush, blueberry and huckleberry. Grasses, herbs, and other species found in the area include ferns, bluejoint, lymegrass, lichens, mosses, livenvorts, and mushrooms. Above treeline, on all major mountains and ridges, the alpine tundra association is comprosed of low-lying plant mats and "barren" rock. Cam= herbaceous species include white mountain avens, moss campion, black oxytrope, artic sandwort, alpine azalea, as well as various lichens, grasses, and sedges. Associated shrubby species include resin birch .' dwarf arctic birch, cassiope, cravberry, Labrador tea, mountain heath, rhododendron, arctic willow, drawf blueberry, bog blueberry, and craxfoerry. The wet tundra plant association appeaxs generally in low lying and level areas with soils primarily composed of peat. Shrubs in this association include willow, draNvf arctic birch, Labrador tea, shrubby cinquefoil, lingenberry, and bog cranberry. Grasses and other species include: lymegrass, pendant grass, cottongrass, bur reed, mare's tail, rushes, sedges, lichens, mosses, and liverworts. Terrestrial Mammals Approximatly 33 species of occur in the Prince Ailli Sqaund qk a area, among these are: moose, brown and black bear, Si k blact iled deer, mountain goat, wolf, coyote, lynx, wolverine,. pqorCU8qPIne, red fox, qmusql0qwat, snowshoe hare, beaver.- squirrels, mice, and shqxqeqwqs. Also present are marmot, martin, v.*qeaqsel, mi6qf6qfql,:, and river otter v.-hiqc2qh hea-,,ily utilize the in-qtertida6ql areas. Moose are present along the Lo@,;e River in the Valdez aqxeqa, the mainland- near Cordova, on the Copper River Delta, and reporteily aloncr the Nellie Juan River in the Kings Bay area. Winter concqentrqa:-L. ions are foutid on the Copper River Delta and along the Nellie Juan River. Utilizing the extensive willow zone often adjacent to beach and river areas, t2qhey retreat into the spqrquce-hernloc8qk forest for protection.. Mountain goat occur in areas a-round Cochrane Bay, qbqeqtv-q-eqn Icy Bay and Blue Fiord) between Cedar Bay and Long Bay, and in ther 0qm@untqains behind Cordova, as well as other rqe-qn0qote areas. Sitka blac2qL--tailed deer are present -on several of the islands in the sound. The hqighe0qst iinter densities of these deer occur on H6qinchinbrook, H0qm@;Ikinqs, Montague, and Green Islands, where they feed v-ithin the narrow beach fringe where vegetation is generally free of deep snows. Brown bear 0qare present on Kayak Island, Montague Island, Hinqchinbr0qo8qok Island, on the Copper River Delta and in the Valdez area. q18qhey axe concentrated on coastal streams dLiring fall and su:@.-qr!er vhere they feed on qsnir.nin-_ salmon. Black bear occur throughout the mainland as well as on L0qa2qT8qbquqche, E:@q@th8qer, Evans and Chenega, Islands. They are also f ound in the Copper River, Valdez, 6qand College Fiord areas. Both species of bears utilize beach fringe and salmon spawning areas. For a 4qmre 0qco6qWlete identification of species and their habitats, the reader should refer to Alaqs_'ka Fish and Wildlife Inventory of the Northeast Gulf of Alaska (Alaska Department of Fish aqnd Game, 197q5) and other p1pefeqy:en s listed in the bibliogr0qaph6qv Marine..System 1he marine system of the area includes over 3,500 miles of coastline. The Prince William Sound Coastline is convoluted with many bays, inletsi and islands. Beaches are predominately rock although mudflats and sandy beaches also occur. The Controller Bay/Copper River Delta Coastline is characterized by wave-beaten sand beaches and extensive mudflats. The nearshore marine waters of this area have estuarine conditions due to the high level of freshwater inflow from glaciers, the Copper River, and other nunerous rivers and streams. The tool, nutrient rich marine waters produce large quantities of phytoplankton, during-the spring and squ24qmqier. Phytopla00qnkton, the foundation of ma6qrinq,4q@q,q,food webs are partly responsible for the abundance of marine life found in this region. This marine life includes: invertebrates, fish, birds, and maqaqrqa0qn6qals- Subtidal and intertidal algae (seaweeds) are also important components of the q. mqa6qxine food web and support an abundance of invertebrates, fish, birds, and qm6qw2qm2qals. Intertidal Zone: The intertidal zone is inhabited by a variety of plants and animals which are uniquely suited to specific physical, chemical, and biological conditions. 32qMiil00qe the exact composition of intertidal plants and animals varies greatly depending upon these condi- tionsq.. the substrate or bottorqrqm2q-q-type (sand, rock, mud, or coqrqrbination of these) characterizes the types of floral and faunal comnunities 0qu36qhich can be found. 32qV The predominant rocky intertidal and shallow subtidal areas host a nlrl.@er of organisms utilized by marine fish, birds, and mmumals during sor, '- portion of thir life history. For example, rockweed and kelp axe benthic algae upon which herring lay their eggs. In turn, a variety of f is1l and marine mammals eat herring including: salmion, Stellar sea lions, and humpback whales. All areas discussed in this report contain in-cel-cicial zones that are not only important for the healthy function of the r.,_arine ecosystem, but also area utilized by people visiting thern for beachcombing, photography, studying marine life, clam digging, and sport fish-Lnl-. Shellfish: Shellfish found in the area include: king (red, golden or bro,,,.-n, and blue), Dungeness and Tanner crabs; shrimp, razor-clam, cockles, butter clams, and scallops (offshore of the Copper River Delta). Marine Marmials: Marine mmmals knoiva to occur in the area. include: gre@,, fin, sei, huMback, and minke whales, dall and harbor porpoises, killer whales, harbor and northern fur seals, Steller sea lions, and sea otters. Food sources for these animals range from free floating plankton to a wide variety of fish, molluscs, and crustaceans. Areas utilized by these animals and their feeding habits -vary widely. Harbor seals can be found throughout the area concentrating when hauled out in the intertidal zone. and seasonaliv near river-mouths (most notably around the Copper River Delta) during anadromous fish runs. A variety of fish including sole, flounder, sculpin, hake, herring, candle- fish, rockfish, sandlance, and salmon (during the fall) constitutes the diet of harbor seals. Steller sea lions and northern-fur seals generally prefer open areas exposed to the Gulf of Alaska where they feed on herring, pollock, capelin, and sandlance. Sea otters iiLhabit nearshore waters and prefer rocky reefs, shoals, offshore rocks, and help beds found throughout the area. Approximately 5,000 sea otters are reported to occur in the Prince William Sound/Controller Bay area (Alaska Depart- ment of Fish and Game, 1973). Because of the importance of marine mammals to the marine system, they have received nationwide protection under the Marine ALammals Protection Act. The presence of marine mamals in the Prince William Sound/Controller Bay area offers a unique opportunity for recreationists and sightseers to observe these animals in their natural habitat. For additional information on marine manvals in this area, the reader is referred to several papers listed in the bibliography which have been done by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the Alaska Department of Fish and Game on the distribution and behavior of these mwmals. Marine fish: Anadromous fish occurring in the area's marine waters include: pink, red, chum, coho, and king salmn;,-steelhead, Dolly Varden and cutthroat trout. Concentrations of these species vary widely throughout the study area. For exam. le, pink sahmn are commercially har-,.7ested in large quantities in the Prince William Sound area. However, in the Copper and Bering River areas they comprise a very small portion of the annual cormercial salmon harves ilhere red salmon predominate. Other marine fish species of coarneercial importance include halibut, herring, ocean perch, black cod, Pollock, Pacific cod, and turbot. VI Fresh,.@-ater fish: Major fresh@@ater fish found in addition to the previoLLsly, mentioned anadromous species include: rainbow trout (@,;here planted), Arctic grayling (planted near Valdez and Cordova), turbot (found in one lake near Cordova), and white fisli (found in the Cordova/Copper River area). 1'@hile of no direct econarnic or little sport f-iLsnin.- value, several species of sculpins, threespine stickleback, and eulachon provide food for larger species of freshvvater fish. Birds: Approximately half of the 219 species k=vn to occur in the area utilize a variety of water-oriented habitats occurrino@ along the area's shorelines. Overall, bird usage of this area can best be described as transitory, as most species utilize the area's iraters and shorelands while en route to spring and surrmer breedin.g grounds. During spring migration the intertidal areas host several million shorebirds and passerines. Some breeding and nesting does occur throughout Prince C> William Sound as evidenced by the many seabird colonies (Umny with over 10,000 individuals). The Copper River Delta is a vitally important breeding area for Dusky Canada Geese and is also important for ducks, m@,ans, shorebirds and other Nvaterbirds. During the fall. miaratin-- birds utilize offshore waters extensively for resting and feeding. During the winter, shorebirds are often found near rocky reefs; eagles near tidal flats and dabbling and diving ducks near the protected inshore waters. A wide variety of shorebirds and land birds utilize shore and tidal areas while the protected waters of the bays and fiords provide overwintering habitat for many species of ducks. For a detailed discussion of birds utilizing this area, the reader is referred to the 1973 work by Islieb and Kessel titled Birds of the Northern Gulf Coast Prince William Sound Region, Alaska. Transportation The majority of the Prince William Sound/Control6qler Bay area s accessible only by boat or 'qE'qlo4qat plane. Wheeled aircraft can land on a few bea0qch,es in the eastern portion of the area. Direcqt highway access, using the Richardson Highway, is g - cn, available through the community of Valdez. Indirect highway C> 1q@ access is possible from Anchorage by placing an automobile onzo the train at Portage. Once there, l4qau0qnchinqg., a, small boat or boarding one oqf the State Ferries which serve the cq=-uniti0qes oqf Whittier, Seward, Valdez, and Cordova is @qossible. A-limited road system exists in the C4qordovq nqrfn- however, this system is not connected with the contiguous state highway system. Float planes may be chartered from Anchorage, Valdez, or Cordova. Small boat harbors have bee6qh constructed at Cordova, Valdez, Whittier, and Seward. Sche- duled air service is provided to'the communities of Cordova and Valdez. Sightseeing charter boats operate out oqf Whit- tier and Valdez.. Land Status IThe status of land ownership in the Prince William Sound/Con- Itroller Bay region is presently changing , due to the provision !of the Native Claims Settlement Act sand the Alaska Statehood Act. To date, three Native village corporatioqrqis have col8q- lectively selected 294,q,000 acres of lanqi8qj4q@q, T36qhe regional corporation, Chugach Natives, Incorporated, has selected some 69,000 acres. The actual date of conveyance of title to these lands is uncertain. Additionally, the Alaska Statehood-Act entitles the state to. select 400,000 acres for co=u0qnity expansion 0qandq'recre6qatiqlon 6q0 of purposes from the National Forests in Alaska. A porti n this entitlementq'will be selected from federal lands within the Chu-ach National Forest. The sizes and locations oqf state'select0qions is presently unknown. but is expected to be. determined in the near future. 32qWq-32qI4qT While the majority of this area is federally owned and managed as a National Forest by the U. S. Forest- Service, private lands and other types of public lands do exist. Private) com"nauqnity, and state lands occur in and near qthe communities of Cordova, Whi-qc-Lier,- K4qataqll0qa, Ch4qene2qga, Latouche, and Tqatitle_'K_ A large tract o-qfqf land is -ores rz-q_-na8qged by the Bureau of Land Management in the Controller Bay 4qa.rea. The state of Alaska owns several- thousand acres of land sur- rounding the Cordova airport on the Copper River Del-'11-4qa. Private holdings of land'e0qxist at the head of Nelson Bay, in CD, the vicinity.of Katalla, near Port Fidalq--o and T0qatlitlek,*on C@ Naked Island, at Thumb Bay on the south end of Knight Island, 13 and south of the abandoned toqw4qnsite of Latoucq",.e. Addition- ally, numerous individuals hold homesite leases from the Forest Service. A lighthouse reserve of five thousand acres exists at C0qa4qDe Hinchinbrook. Other lighthouse reserves are located at Cape St. Elias., the south end of Elringqt0qon Island, and near the entrance to Port Nellie Juan. The future land ownership picture in the Prince William Sound/Controller Bay area will in all likelihood h0qave2pptre- q@qi_e0qndous ef2qifq-4qct -on the availability and management of re4qcre4qa- tioqn, scenic, heritage, and wilderness resources of the area. Private recreational areas and developments by Native corp- orations on Native lands are likely. Coordination between local co0qw-munities, state agencies, and the federal government C. ID will be essential to insure the protection and accessibility- of recreation, scenic, heritage, and wilderness values which the area offers. qPq;2q@0qr_r0qe4qnqticn Use jWhile no comprehensive recreation use st'6qddie0qs' have been con- ucted for this area, use patterns for specific activities !can be described as follows: qGqhqt2qseeqM9 In terms of persons part icipatinq,q,7q,q,q-, sightseeing 6qis probably q71q, qCq> tivities o2qd28qdurrin- in the area. one of the more popular 04qa00qc qtqD Sightseeing occurs from three principal modes of tr00qansp6qorta-. q?qD qCq@ using recreation- tio00qn: traveling on the State Ferry System, tseein- trips 4qal watercraft, and by private or chartered fligh using small aircraft. While 6qfor recreational boaters sight- seeing may be incidentalq'or a part of the activity of boat- in-, for those traveling in small planes or on the State Fer- ry, sightseeing is generallv the*princ0qipal activity. Sight- qCq@q' er -la- seeing activities tend to concentrate around tideqvq-q@qr0qat cqiers such as the Columbia Glacier, the Blackstone Bay area, and the Harriman Fiord area. 4qI8qX Fishing Three types of sport fishing occur in Prince "illiam Sound land the Controller Bay area. These are rod and reel fishing --or both fresh and saltwater species, pot fishing 'or crabs or shrimp, and digging for clq&qTs (generally razor clams). q? C> -Pod and reel fishing is probably the most coqm-mon activity and generally occurs in marine waters. Comm-on s0qooqrt salmon ffishi0qn2qg areas in4qel4qdde Co-hill Point, Passage Canal, L0qOD6qg Bay, and Eshamy Lagoon, Port Valdez, and the marine waters near Cordova. Can, 6qpqin9 WhqIqlqlq-eq-0qaq'uto campgrounds exist near Valdez and Co4qrdov'2qa, the majority of camping occurs on the shorelines of remote areas. Persons camping in these remote areas generally arrive by kayak or small power boat. S0qand0qspqiqts, wide beach- es. and gravel.bars are popular campsites 4qas.qrhey provide good drainage during periods of rain. Boating The prot ed bays, fior ds, inlets., and passages are the most. popular boating areas in Prince William Sound.- How- ever, during periods of good weather, the entire sound m @ 4qa0qy be safely navigated. Small boat harbors and boat ramps exist at Whittier, Valdez, and Cordova.' Se0qward-based boat- ers occasionally cross Blying Sound from*RqesurrectionB0qay to enter southwest portion of Prince William Sound. The wait- ing'qlists for slips at existing faciliq@ies are long .and gen- erqally indicate a strong interest in boating by south0qeentral reside0qnt.s. A new marina at Shotgun Cove has been proposed, as well as expansions of8qall-existing boat basins. qSeqachc6q6qmbi0qn6qg While the activity of bea4qch4qcombing or beach hiking is 6qp4qos6qsi- ble throughout much of the area, beaches exposed to the North Gulf of-Alaska generally yield the gre8qa-Lest.v8qariety of drift material. Hunting Hunting.for mountain goat, Sitkqa black-t0qailed-@deer, and black bear occurs in numerous areas. 88qThe Copper River Delta is'04qan important waterfowl hunting area. Black bear are' commonly sought in the Patton Bay area. :6qHqil4qk2qi52qn32qq :6qU'bile establishedq'hikiqng trails exist in some areas 8q(q,gener- ally the Cordova area), hiking is believed to occur through- out the sound. 'HoweverqS dense brush and forests of the area ..offer a constraint toq*h40qikers. Hikes often originate from beach areas into alpine zones. 2qX Scuba Diving Several popular scuba diving areas exist in zhe western qpor- the sound. Applegate Island in Port Nellie Juan is tion oL .an extremely popular area due to common clea-- q%vqater condqiq- t-ions. Passage Canal is sometimes used by Anchoqra8qze-based dqivqe--r0qs as an easily accessible diving, area. r11-1-qt*.1aOu1:@,,-h use by divers has not been determined, Danger Isla0qnd,.q1oqc0qated off cqfe the southern tip of Latkouche island, represent's an 0qattr0qa4qc- tiv4qe opportunity for scuba diving due to qthe diverse 0qas8qsem- blage of 0qaquaqt-ic organisms inhabiting this area. qX 32qX4q1 =ago The following areas have been identified on the basis a of their present or potential use for outdoor recrea- tion activities. While outdoor recreation activities do or can occur on all lands within the Prince William Sound/Controller Bay area, these areas have been sin- gled out as they represent particular or outstanding resource values for recreation use. A designated area may possess the ability to support pleasure boating and/or anchoring, beachcombing, hiking, fishing (fresh and saltwater), camping, observing wildlife, scuba diving, clam digging, or nature study. While the pri- mary value of each of the following areas is recrea- tion, associated values of scenic or heritage 'resources present have been noted where these values are also. ,particular or outstanding. While management emphasis :of an area should stress the primary value, associated ,values should be maintained and enhanced if possible. When management of the area for the primary value gen- erates adverse impacts on associated values, mitigation or elimination of impacts through use restrictions or .other controls should be fully considered. Cc %OLD" c8qnq@ -8q4 ,O2qj Primary Value: Recreation Asso@_iated Value: Scenic :Beartrap Bay is located on the northeastern shoreline of Port Gravina. A steep; narrow a ''fiord extending some three and one-half ;,miles inland, Beartrap Bay offers unique scenic and recreational boating opportuni- Latitude: 60'45'N I ties. Many steep glacier-capped peaks are lincluded within this area. Longitude: 146*02'W I Both black and grizzly bear are present. Upland Acres(Hectares): 8,580 (3,432) The northern shoreline and steeper alpine juplands of this area serve as winter range Existing Ownership: Federal for mountain goats. Harbor seals inhabit ANCSA selection (Eyak) the bav. Five bald eagle nests are known partial to exist here. Beartrap Bay serves as a nesting and moulting area for sea birds and waterfowl. Two of the area's streams Existing Management: Forest Sevice Multiple Use !contain runs of anadromous fish: Both re- Icreatqion and scenic value have been rated high for this portion of Prince William Proposed Management: Public and/or Private jSound by the Land Use Planning Commission. Recreation 51 f4@\ @q:q@ I'll IV I q]q@,,"1pp - - q- q/' - ; , " q- ;@@_ -7 qK qj 40qI_0qW/ 74s i0 A -q:q7 )*,Now 30q-- q1,78q: IA. be-ttles 0a, 0JJ Primary Value: Recreation Associated Value: Scenic Latitude: 60'56'N Longitude: 148*171W V L;:I@ie_ an-d weil-_]@roitecte this bay Upland Acres(Hectare,): 10,240 (4,096) te of b' iiTg@lhe :197 ;i fav6ri 0 rs i Port Wells area, as it is thought to be -the most scenic bay on the west shore of Existing Ownership: Federal this major waterway. A number of wildlife sea lions, Existing Management: Forest Service NIultiple Use species, including black bear, :,-geese, whales, waterfowl, seals, dungeness @crabs, halibut, pink and chum salmon, are reported. An abandoned mine is nearby. Proposed Management: Public Recreation -v C-@\. V 777RR rz S-4 N f il 1"I Z > -2 ZZ .3 71. Z' Z @;ICJA M 27 + "N '-7-n 32 5 NXI e 4 Boswell Sag/ Ito L+)j Primary Value: Recreation Associated Value: Scenic, Wildlife & Heritage Exposed to the Gulf of Alaska on the north- This area is accessible by float plane east end of Hinchinbrook Island, this area landings in Boswell Bay or by small boat represents a dynamic storm-beaten coast. from Cordova. Overall, this area offers The large sandspit known as Point Ben- unique recreation, scenic, and heritage tinck, and the four mile Ion,- sand beach values. to the south give evidence ol the ocean's forces at work. A portion of this area, Strawberry Hill Beach, was identified in the Forest Ser- Brown bear are often present in the shore- vice's 1974 Chuzach National Forest: Land line area. Sea otters and harbor seals Use Plan as possessing recreation resource occur in high densities of' of Points Ben- j qualities worthy of special management. tinck and Steele. Boswell"Bay is a common nesting and moulting area for sea birds. Sea bird colonies occur at three sites in this area. Arctic terns and -laucous- Latitude: 60* 23'N winged gulls occupy a colony Zt Point Ben- tinck. A large colony of kittiwake, cor- Longitude: 146*08'W morants, puffins, pigeon -guillemots, and glaucous-winged gulls nest o= Boswell Upland Acres (H ecta res): 11,7010 (4,684) Rocks. A second kittiwake colony occurs on Pinnacle Rock. Both Point Steele and Hook Existing Ownership: Federal Point Rocks exhibit colonies of these spe- ANCSA selection (Eyak) cies. Two streams entering Boswell Bay have partial known runs of anadromous fish, while cut- throat and Dolly Varden trout inhabit 4 ANCSA 14hl selections streams in the bay area. Razor clams are present on the Point Bentinick beaches as Existing Management: Forest Service Nultiple Use, USAF Comm. Site are dungeness crabs offshore. at Strawberry Hill At the northern side of the entrance to Proposed Management: Public and/or Private Boswell Bay, several prehistoric Native Recreation campsites and a burial ground occur. % 0 0 4, 47 41 ell Canoe Passage to djj of AL4SAC4 'If, Primary Value: Recreation Associated Value: Scenic, Heritage T .he Canoe IPassage area, located in the The protected waters of Canoe Passage offer !excellent power boating opportuniti;s. central portion of Hawkins Island, is tra- s Beach textures ranging from sand to gravel. ditionally used by Cordova area resident for a wide variety of recreational activi- and rock provide diversified opportunities for beachcombing and hiking, while trails ties. -Aside from Hartney Bay and the Copper River Delta area, Canoe Passage along streams and to upland lakes offer !opportunities for freshwater fishing and offers probably the highest quality recre- hiking. A Forest Service public use cabin ational area located in close proximity to the community of Cordova. is located in the western portion of the area. Brown bear are present along both the Orca This area has been previously identified Bay and orca Inlet coastlinzs. Sea otters in the Chugach National Forest: Land Use concentrate in Orca Inlet on the eastern Plan (1 as possessing recreation-al shoreline, while harbor seals occur in the attributes. west entrance to the passage. A black- legged kittiwake rookery is also found Latitude: 60*31'N here. The west entrance to the passage is 146*05'W used.by sea birds and waterfowl as a Longitude: nesting and moulting area. Three streams have known runs of anadromous fish while Upland Acres(Hectares): 8,830 (3,532) -dungeness crabs are found in both Orca Bay and Inlet. Dolly Varden trout are also Existing Ownership. Federal found in streams of the area. ANCSA selection (Eyak) entire -Two prehistoric Native townsites as well gement* Forest Service Public :Existing Mana as an Eskimo burial cave are found here. in the Whiskey Recreation The large sandspits Cove- t larea. provide excellent examples of the Public and/or Private Proposed Management: ---,-Idynamics of the shoreline process. Recreation 24 - - --------------------- % -0 7 77 X_' '0 -A V9 ------------ 32- 33 131 W S. -2 Zpa - tI- C> 'A i@K I _N_-6 14 &JO Primary Value: Recreation Associated Value: Scenic Cascade Bay, located in Eaglek Bay, L3titude: 60*55IN thirty-two miles northeast of Whittier, is an area well known to local residents tLongitude: 148'17'W on Prince William Sound because of its spectacular waterfalls. A large volume Upland Acres (H ecta res): 3,740 (1,496) of water pours into the head of the bay i- from a series of lar-e lakes behind it. Existing Ownership: Federal The bay has several 'well-protected anch- orages from which exploration of the bay- Forest Service Nfultiple Use iExisting Management: could follow. The valley is extremely I ugged and remains snow-covered most of Proposed Management: Public Recreation the year.,* I Cite- L -"N @7, 2Z ZI rr: 2 a 3C r- 33 M J, 4 .17 13 "0 C etwo d Of AL4SAC4 Primary Value: Recreation Associated Value: Scenic Cedar Bay, located 44 miles northeast of Whittier, extends about three miles off of .1-Wells Bay in the Unakwik Inlet-Eglek Bay ; area. Rock Island and other small islands !.and some small coves provide anchorages for small boats. Several upland lakes and streams offer fishing for trout and salmon. Birds winter in the bay area and goats fre- quent the uplands with black bear concen- i@trating in the stream valleys. Some limit- 1:.ed copper mining occurred here in 1917. 60*57'N Latitude: @Aqngitude: 147*25'W tares): 6,430 (2,572) Upland Acres(Hec Existing Ownership: Federal L ultip: e Existinq Manacement: Forest Service M iUse P'. osed Management: Public-Recreation p 5? -71 2 U@ Ir 26 C j, '_-Ce h -a t- r t B i ay er e x 0 t at end e d a 44 W Is i bou el B'y the U' 'k' 're' R, 'k I s 1and and and some sma 11 coves P for 'ma 11 bo at s Seve t ff f s reams 0 e' 'h Ing @B'rds wint er the ba e t t up 'j@ q he lan h Co2q92qhqi-q1q1 -0qPoqin6qt/L6qake 2qO'q@6qf Primary Value: Recreation 0q0q5q1 Associated Value: Wildlife, Scenic The cove at Coghill Point although some- what limited in space, is well protected -from prevailing northeast winds. Coghill ..Lake, 4.7 miles long, is a salmon fishing and bear hunting area. Waterfowl migrate and winter in the area; the winter range of Canada geese reaches its northernmost point in North America here. Recreation- F@q@ ists have opportunities for king and tanner JZ crabbing in the bay and collecting hard- 2q54q1,q@. shell clams alon- the shores of College Fiord. Besides being a major sport fishing area for king, pink, sockeye, and coho sal- mon, and cutthroat and Dolly Varden trout, @ithe area's scenic quality is high because '-:of a number of peaks over 3,000 feet, an 'alluvial outwash fan, and several glaciers IJ/ t:!IIJJJ Lying into the cove near Coghill Point. JV iA diversity of vegetation ranging from --tidal flats to glacier-topped peaks lends _i@,-qivariety to the visual scene. V 4N :7.-J'A public use cabin is planned on Coghill IPoint by the Forest Service with a foot A, 7 'trail connecting the cabin with the river and lake. A Latitude: 61'05'N Longitude: 147'56'W Upland Acres (Hectares): 50,000 (20,000) zqo Federal Existing Ownership: (8qV 1 ANCSA l4hl selection r "I R Existing Management: Forest Service restricted use pending land use study ,qfqK-A _ilk Proposed Management: Public Recreation o4ql qY qJ- qr q0q,qi0q@ eq. qzqq 0qN2qr q1q3q11 qk Co8qnnf6qo6qr0qt Cove 2q&qJ%6qf Primary Value: Recrea tion Associated Value: Scenic High mountains and protected waters make Latitude: 60* 43 'NT Comfort Cove, located in Port Gravina, an iexcellent area for camping, hiking, and Longitude: 146*06'W ;.boating. Brown bear are found along streams, while harbor seals occasionally Upland Acres(Hectares): 4,190 (1,676) range into the Comfort Cove area. Both Fede ral ftanner and king crab are found in rhe Existing Ownership: I AqNCSA selection (Eyak) !.-deeper waters in Port Gravina, while dungeness crab are found in the cove it- entire ;-Self. 2p948;6656;20;76q@This area is accessible by either boat or Existing Management: Forest Service Multiple Use float plane. Should a Cordova-Valdez or Port Gravina-Valdez Road be constructed in the future, this area would be accessi- Proposed Management: Public and/or Private ble by auto. Recreation j 4P 17 9 > V /Z @Zs 29 7 39 32 r 2q, q1 -7 00qXq"q, q0 a 10 --Constantine Harbor, A.. -P-ort, Etches clij Primary Value: Recreation, Heritage Associated Value: Wildlife, Scenic Fort Constantine, the first permanent Rus- The impacts of future timber sales on the I slan outpost, was constructed in 1793 by recreation and scenic resources of the the Russian American Company for the pur- unit have not yet been determined. Commer- pose of the sea otter pelt trade. Five cial and sport fishing is a widespread use archaeological sites attest to pre-Russian of the area. occupation of the harbor. In determining management plans for the The area is used for a wide variety of re- area, it should be kept in mind that the creational activities. A large barrier sea birds feeding in this area are un- sandspit protects the harbor from swells usually susceptible to human disturbance at moving through Hinchinbrook entrance. This times of breeding. spit also represents an important resource for coastal recreation activities. Con- This area has been identified by the LUPC. stantine Harbor and Port Etches both repre- for its particular primitive value. The sent boating destinations from Cordova. Forest Service's 197 Chugach National 4 Garden Cove, a small bay off Port Etches, Forest: Land Use Plan states as a mana-e- provides good anchorages and access to re- ment objective for this area that the pre- creational deer hunting. Other activities sent status (of development) should be in the area include nature study of a maintained until an interdisciplinary study colony of sea birds and numerous sea mam- can be completed for the area. mals at nearby Porpoise Rocks. At the mouth of Port Etches harbor seals, some Latitude: 60*20'N sea otters, s 'ea lions, killer, minke, and humpback whales may be seen. The area con- Longitude: 146' 36'W tains some of the best brown bear habitat in the Sound; a high population of Sitka Upland Acres(Hectaresl: 27,000 (10,800) black-tail deer; two streams that are some of the best pink salmon producers in the Existing Ownership: Federal Sound;. and substantial stands of old growth ANCSA selection (Chugach) spruce and hemlock. entire Existing Management: Forest Service restricted use In the past there has been considerable timber harvested. The size of the remain- pending land ust@ study ing stands makes them attractive for addi- tional timber sales in the near future. Proposed Management: Public and!or Private Recreation pt A; @J. CL L-kqp 9W 1407KOS .lb 7, 21Z 7 L _rq 0, 6v Z 15 E 71-i. R T4E -A r t lirOl Vx 1P 71, @k , an /0, @J C1 T 0 C*NK _V5_ Derin River 9 Primary Value: Wildlife, Recreation This unit has the highest concentration of Latitude: 60*08'N nesting pairs and single trumpeter swans 144*15W in Alaska. Along with the Copper River Longitude: Flats, the unit is one of the prime feed- Ing, nesting, and resting areas for migra- Upland Acres(Hectares): 205,500 (82,200) tory waterfowl on the west coast. Sea bird colonies on nearby Win.-ham Island have been Existing 0,,vnership: Federal little disturbed in the past. SDecies on ANCSA selection partial the island include a dense population of State and Private parcels black-legged kittiwakes, numbering over 14,000; a large common murre colony of over 5,000; and some tufted puffins. On @Iartin Existing Management: Forest Service mana-ed for Island murres number over 4,000 and kitti- I Wildlife, Recreation & Oil wakes over 13,000. Bureau of Land Management :Proposed Management: Wildlife and Recreation '!.'A variety of salmon spawn in the small creeks or streams in the unit, and a small but growing moose herd is developing in the vicinity of the National Forest boun- dary in the Campbell-Edwards River drain- ages. Portions of the flats extend beyond the National Forest boundary and are managed by the Bureau of Land Nlanagement and the State of Alaska. The Controller Bay flats are a unique landform feature: a large glacial outwash and delta plain with a mosaic of small lakes, ponds, marsh- -es, sloughs, and indefinite streams. Areas of fra-ile vegetation consist primarily of salt and freshwater marsh grasses, willows, alders, and other shrubs, and a few i scattered stands of Sitka spruce and cottonwood. As it is speculated that large quantities of petroleum exist both on shore and off shore in the Gulf of Alaska, exploratory work has been completed in the area. Pre- sently access is difficult to this area; therefore, few people visit or use these deltas. With the impact of coal or oil development, the number of visitors could increase dramatically. 12 .27 4 --tt -7 V-4 c -V Gandil lz -rl oY V. r :Z; Z -N CONTROLLER BAY BERING RIVER -IX. 7 z ---P:- c7 LS Copoer River Delta - 1@3 C+3j 01F AL45Ac4 Primary Value: Wildlife, Recreation Associated Value: Scenic Cooperatively managed since 1967 between the U. S. Forest Service, Alaska Department of Fish and Game, and Alaska Department of Natural Resources, the Copper River Delta, some 330,000 acres of wildlife habitat, is of national and international significance. The area, a flat tidal marshland inter- spersed with patches of forest where drier soil conditions exist, is utilized by trum- peter swans, dusky Canadian geese, and a host of migratory bird species. This area represents one of the largest known concen- trations of nesting trumpeter swans in North America and-is the only nesting area for the subspecies dusky Canadian geese in the world. Bird densities as hi:xh as 250, 000 birds per square mile have been ob- served during migration periods. Moose and. a variety of other wildlife species utilize the delta as a forage area. Seals concen- trate both at the mouth of the Copper River and near the offshore barrier islands. The Copper River Highway transecting the delta provides great opportunity for the recreational activity of observing wildlife. Several recreation use cabins have been con- structed on the delta by the Forest Ser- vice. Several archaeological sites exist in the delta area. In 1977, this area, including Controller Bay and the coastline to Cape Yakataga was proposed as a National Wildlife Refuge under HR39 (the Udall bill). Latitude: 607 30'N Longitude: 145*301W Upland Acres(Hectares): 470,000 (188,000) Existing Ownership: Federal State ANCSA selection (Eyak) partial, 3 14hl selections State Existing Management: Forest Service/State Cooperative Mana.-ement for Wildlife, Airport Proposed Management: National Wildlife Refuge or continue Cooperative Management 14 =;F5 7 vhr pj 01- NI, yz j 14 ".4p ,y 17 Q> 3@ - 4 1 Yll 0 ;op At tA YY , . rl@l 11> -- -,v r 76.- IJ@ 411 @l 0 P P. 41 VIC, 3',@Tr,, @!qjp JP; -Y, P7, g ,A, 771M V@W 14, - I-A Coot er Island Primary Value: Wildlife, Rec-reatioln- Due to the ocean currents and other fac- r tors, a highly productive assemblage of marine 'flora in this area provides a unique opportunity for fishing and recreational "J skin and scuba diving.' The diversity of rA - C subtidal flora and fauna, such as seapens, eel grass, anemones, an d hydras, and a number of rocky islands jutting from the water make this a scenic spot. There is s.* Y visual evidence on the shoreline of uplift CP during the 1964 earthquake of up to 15 feet. There is a small boat anchorage on a the east side-of the island; useable during periods of good weather, it is surrounded by rocks at low tide. Good beachcombing and bird watching, as well as 1 observation of whales and sea lions, are possible in the vicinity. Latitude: 59*55'N Longitude: 148* 04'W Upland Acres(Hectares): 512 (205) Existing Ownership: Federal 1 ANCSA 14hl site Existing Management: Forest Service ifultiple Use Proposed Management: Marine Sanctimxj IK 16 verickson 80 01' AL-4SAC4 Primary Value: Recreation Associated Value: Wildlife, Scenic The upper end of the bay is completely pro- tected from wind and waves from all direc- tions. Anchorages here all have good holding bottoms, and are shallow enough for small boats. It is a popular sport fishing area for sockeye salmon. Visitors may see bears along streams in the vicinity. Latitude: 60 i2 N Longitude: 147 48'W Upland Acres(Hectares): 5,600 (2,240) 3 i7_ Existing Ownership: Federal Y 7 12 Existing Management: Forest Service Multiple Use Proposed Management: Public Recreation ZZ AL :j 0 17 t is@ Island 7 or ALASk4 Primary Value: Recreation Associated Value: Scenic Disk Island lies between Ingot and Knight Islands, across Lower Passage from Louis Bay. A small anchorage, Disk Island La- goon, is located on the southwest shore of the island. The lagoon is deep with a narrow entrance. An uncharted rock is lo- Latitude: 60'30'N cated in the northwest corner of the la- Longitude: 147'39?W oon. Because there are few places to an- chor around Knight Island, this lagoon with its deep waters, is valuable TO piea- Upland Acres (Hectares): 540 (216) sure boaters. The entire island has high quality primitive values. A small bird Existing Ownership: Federal colony'of kittiwakes is nearby and the 2 ANCSA 14hl selections i opportunities for viewing whales and other sea marnmals in Knight Island Passa-ge makes Existing Management: Forest Service ',Iultiple Use it an attractive area for recreationists; a hill rising 710 feet above sea level provides landform diversity. Proposed Management: Public and/or Private Recreation 2-3 2! Disk Ml@d %k@ J. At-. "4' asta 6 36 _4 3 -A 2D _A 18, A qM6 A01k q% 6qb Of qALq45k4 Primary Value: Pecreation Associated Value: Scenic Drier Bay lies on the highly scenic west Latitude: 60*181N side of Knight Island off of Knight Island :Passage. A number of smaller bays extend off of Drier Bay including: Tap . Longitude: 147*49'W nead Bay, NIallard Bay, Barnes Cove, Northeast Cove, !and Port Audrey. Numerous rocky points, Upland Acres (H ecta resq): 10,34-0 (4,136) linlets, and islands add to the q@i_gh scenic !quality of the area. Some of the bays Existing Ownership: Federal 'have mudflats at.their heads which provide 2 ANCSA 14hl selections Protective anchorages for small boats. Private The Three-Giants, three mountain peaks of over 2,600 feet elevation, surround the head of qtqheq_qbqxq@q_qit q_Nrortqiqiq@asq@,q_qtove. Existing Management: Forest Service Multiple Use .Abandoned canneries at Port Audrey and south of Barnes Cove provide historical Proposed Management: Public Recreation interest to the bay. An abandoned tramway ,and a wharf attest to early copper mining activity in the Drier Bay area. Besides the two canneries and the mines, a small lumber mill once operated in the bay. -A q7N\q- D Aside from its recreational opportunities ;and scenic values, Drier Bay also provides -7 a base for recreationists to exolore sur- :a; i Z .-:7 q8 rounding bays, channels, and other boatin C areas. -A sea bird colony on nearby .Squirrel Island, whales sporting in Knight Island Passage, and a number of bald eagle nests in the area provide ample opportuni- 1@. ties for viewing wildlife. Ma r; Ba Dq_ r 27q@ /A Z7-- iq1j; C 1 1 lslqwds D R 3 q'q\qjj4qjq: q3 4q4 2 qYq, L q0 T 0q10qK .q1qA 19 Eagle Point/ 4 CX F!sh 8 &jj Primary Value: Recreation Associated Value: Scenic, Wildlife The section of coastline extending from Eag,le Point to Fish Bay on the northern coast of Hinchinbrook Island offers numerous bays, islands and points for coastal recreation. Brown bear are found on streams in the Fish Bay area. Anderson Bay and Double Bay contain lar.ge popula- Latitude: 60 28'N tions of sea otters, while the Hawkins Is- land Cut-off area provides habitat for Longitude: 146 - 30 1 11" harbor seal. Bald eagles nest in the Eagle Point area. In addition, the Ander- Upland Acres( Hectares): 16,200 (6,480) son Bay/Double Bay area provides nesting and moultin.- habitat for sea birds and Existing Ownership: Federal waterfowl. 5 ANCSA' 14hl selections Eel grass beds near Yelper-Cove provide food and shelter for a wide variety of marine organisms. Razor clams are found on beach- es near the Hawkins Island Cut-off. Up- Existing Management: Forest Service Multiple Use lifting.of the coastline from the 1964 earthquake provides geologic interest for visitors. Four archaeological sites include two Proposed Management: Public Recreation prehistoric -lative village sites, one on an island in Anderson Bay and the other near Yelper Cove. Many islands and quiet bays make this area highly suitable for boating. The many sandspits, tombolos, and gravel beaches with upland forests make this area also of 0 R C A R A Y high value for beachcombing, hiking, and camping. Wildlife, scenic, and primitive values are also high. The island of Hin- chinbrook was noted by the Land Use Planning Commission for its high wilder- ness value. The area's proximity to Cor- 4 dova makes it particularly valuable to local and state residents. zi 4 K C -7 -ell 0 5#4; 20 --Emerald Cove C8q+) 2qj or At-q"A-$ 12q0q1 Primary Value: Recreation Assoc;ated Value: Scenic Emerald Cove, aLthough separated from Columbia Glacier by Heather Island, pro- vides a good anchorage for boats anchoring in the area of Columbia Glacier. Along with Granite Cove, Emerald Cove offers an opportunity for recreationists to remain in the vicinity of a spectacular tidewater Latitude: 60*57'N lacier and observe related wildlife and scenic features. Occasional killer whales, Longitude: 147*02'W porpoises, and other marine mammals can be seen in the bay. The water is often Upland Acres(Hectares): 1,850 (740) choked with icebergs in front of the tide- water terminus, and the visitor may view Existing Ownership: Federal hundreds of harbor seals resting on the ANCSA selection (Tatitlek) ice flows. Sea life is abundant here, as entire cold water promotes the growth of various plankton. This entire area was rated high for wilderness value by the Land Use Plan- Existing Management: Forest Service ni-ag Cocianission, with medium to high values under study as Scenic Area Ifor scenic quality. The area is presently under study for possible mana.-ement as a Proposed Management: Public and/or Private scenic area by the U. S. Forest Service. Recreation/Scenic Area is '3 __J X0 23, 19 2a .'J. B I A ",j 29' ^5 -25 A Y 3-1 6q'8q-q2 Fqif 1q1 Pqt qXqK q1A 21 ha my L aq o o n &@f of AL-A-Sk-4 Primary Value: Recreation Associated Value: Scenic, Wildlife a is-IF' feet, towering above the lagoon. Esharny La-oon connects with Eshamy Lake by a small creek on the west shore of the lagoon. Gunboat Lakes, a ladder of four lakes, ex- tends north from Eshamy Bay, offering op- portunities for freshwater recreation. Sea lions, whales, sea otters, and harbor seals are seen nearby. The area has been identified by the Forest Service for in- clusion in the Nellie Juan Wilderness Study Area. Because of high scenic and recrea- tion values, it is recommended that the Eshamy Lagoon off of Knight Island Passage associated watershed be recognized along in western Prince William Sound is one of with Eshamy Lagoon as an area of particular the most important sport and commercial concern. The combination of salt water salmon fishing grounds in the sound. Four access and anchorage with freshwater lakes species of salrnon are found in abundance; and streams allows for a wide range of indeed, the name means "good fishing activities. grounds" in the Chugach Eskimo language. A conflict currently exists between sport Latitude: 60*28'N anglers and com-niercial fisheries which is not likely to be resolved in the near fu- Longitude: 148'02@W ture. The Department of Fish and Game is reluctant to encourage more fishing in the Upland Acres(Hectares): 13,820 (5,528) lagoon, and in fact may have to initiate certain limits. Existing Ownership: Federal 11ANCSA selection (Chenega) In the early decades of this century, Esh- entire .amy Lagoon contained a floating cannery * I There are traces of former Native settle- ments on the shores of the lagoon and some Existing Management: Forest Service abandoned Native camps across the cove. study area for-Wilderness Besides its recreational values, the bay Proposed Management: Wilderness or Public and/or is notably scenic with numerous islands, Private Recreation rocky points, and Eshamy.Peak, almost 3,000 IV zz ;5 'C27. -2 -k J. 7 jtr P 22 6 Esther ql8qsqlq@2qa8qn6qd jI 8q0i 2qj or qALq"k4 Primary Value: Recreation Associated Value: qScen--'c, Wildlife Esther Island located at the confluence of Wells Passage and Port Wells in upper Prince William Sound is a twelve mile long island topped by 2,000 foot Deaks of gra- nite. A number of coves and and bays around the island offer excellent anch- orages for small boats, including Esther Bay, Quillien Bay, Lake Bay, Graq;ite Bay, and Shoestring Cove, the latter noted as an area of particular concern. Boaters may often see whales in Port Wells to the west, and sea lions hauled out on nearby islands and rocks. Sea birds nest in the area and seals and otters are also known to be present. Three archaeological sites Latitude: 60*50@N are identified in the vicinity, and the entire island and surrounding upper Prince Longitude: 148' q001i Williarn Sound was identified by the Land Use Planning Commission for high wilder- Upland Acres(Hectares): q23, 3q30 (9, 332) ness values. Existing Ownership: Federal The scenic qualities of the island are im- 2 .'_@qCSA 14hl selections portant to State Ferry passengers viewing the southern portion of the island and Existing Management: Forest: Service recreational boats utilizing the surround- portions of Shoreline in.- waters. Flightseers from Anchorage Managed for Scenic Values frequent the Esther Island area. Proposed Management: Public Recreation '8q@7 C@_ 2'1 > WE q"04qY qF- q'q0 q@qFq5qgqj qPq_q'q.q' Pas q13q0q' q'q3q0q0q, qc .q4q1q6q" qNq'q4q508qr. -q58q- q1 qnqwq, 23- E4qv8qv c6qm., 'bail air qALASAC4 Primary Value: Recreation Associated Value: Scenic 7 q7, 1 17- A 23-- 4q) 19 The bay extends north off of Dangerous Jq@ k- Passage, a popular boating channel. In @Z the western section of Prince William _@Z 30 29, Sound, this bay is known to contain a good 30 @Z- anchorage for small boats near the salt q4 chuck at its head. @8q7q7 X Ewan Lake, one-quarter mile inland, provides opportunities for o; freshwater recreational activities. Ewan Bay is part of a proposal by the Forest q@"\ - A 34 VN-@ , 12 Service for inclusion in the Wilderness 36 System. The whole area is recognized to have particular primitive and scenic values. L r Pink and chum salmon may be found concen- trating in streams around the bay. An archaeological site, related to occupation by the Chenega Natives in the vicinity of E-f the mouth of the bay, is now overgrown with 0qVqj-_7 41 salmonberry bushes. 6q023'N 7 Latitude: 1480q8'W Longitude: q4- 80q7-76qV 8qt Upland Acres (H ecta res): 6,940 (2,776) q@92q@ql 7 'A Federal 20qnq, Existing Ownership: 0qANCSA selection (Chenega) '4qF entire Existing Management: Forest Service 2q1 20 study area for Wilderness q,tqj Proposed Management: Wilderness or Public and/or e Private Recreation qC q:q1qK 1q10q1 q2qQ 24 of qAL Primar/ Value: Recreation Associated Value: Scenic The bay provides a well-protected harbor with a rock bottom for small boats. It is 45 miles from both Whittier and Valdez. Seals and birds occur on nearby Fairmount Island. Other wildlife species in the area include black bear, eagles, and tanner crab. Sport anglers often take pink salmon from, streams along the'bay. The channel between Fairmount Island and the mainland is only about a half-mile wide at its narrowest and has numerous rocks that could make passage dangerous without local knowledge. Latitude: 60*53'N Longitude: 147*231W Upland Acres(Hectares): 3,780 (1,512) Existing Ownership: Federal Existing Management: Forest Service Multiple Use Proposed Management: Public Recreation C q-B X qZj Z; \0q@6qq @j N\ q4q1 /q* q2_q1 qC.q, 0 ql44qa28q@ qWq.q7q: 25 oij Irl Primary Value: Recreation Associated Value: Heritage Galena Bay is a wide bay extending south- east of Valdez Arm and about six miles up the coast from the old mining town of Ellamar. Ellamar Mountain, a peak of over 3,000 feet, towers above the bay. Due to a n=ber of convulutions in the shoreline and one narrow part in the inlet ' it has scenic qualities. The area as a whole was identified by the Land Use Planning Commis- sion as having high wilderness and good to high sceni'c values. A small lagoon at the head of the bay offers opportunities for exploration and hiking. The Forest Service recognizes three anchorages in the bay and has built Latitude: 60'56'N two recreational cabins on the shore. Longitude: 146'40'W Galena Bay was named for lead ore deposits found in the vicinity. An old road built Upland Ac res(H ec tares): 40,500 (16,200) in 1910 and copper mining equipment from extensive copper mines are still visible. Existing Ownership: Federal Brown bear and black bear concentrate along ANCSA selection (Tatitlek) streams in the area and at least one bald entire eagle nest is known. Various other small @,mammals occur, including beaver, marmot, wolverine, lynx, fox, and mink. Canadian Existing Management: Forest Service Multiple Use geese winter on the tidal flats at the head of the bay and on Duck River. One arch- aeological site is known at the mouth of Proposed Management: Public and/or Private Indian Creek. Recreation -n _Y@ qY B 7 j 7 01 L F1 0 P 0'R T 26 Gibbon' A nchorase ALAS of k4 Primary Value: Recreation 4/11 Associated Value: Wildlife Green Island is located to the northwest of iMontague Island, in Prince William Sound. ;In addition to being an excellent anchorage for boats, it is rich in sea birds and sea Latitude: 60'17'N :mammals. Several sea bird colonies are lo- cated in the vicinity including black-leg- Longitude: 147'15'W ged kittiwakes. The entire Green Island is an area of high sea otter density. Cer- Upland Acres( Hectares): 3,040 (1,216) tain areas around the island are noted for their high density of harbor seals. An Existing Ownership: Federal area to the southwest of Green Island 2.ANCSA 14h! selections called the Needle is a sea lion rookery and primary hauling ground. Green Island and Little Green Island are two of the most popular Sitka black-tailed deer hunt- Existing Management: Forest Service managed for ing sites in Prince William Sound. These Recreation and Wildlife islands and adjacent kelp beds, shallow water, and rocky reefs provide ideal habi- tat for deer, sea otter, mink, and land otter. Proposed 1141anagement: Public Recreation and Wildli In addition to the boat anchorage, in suit able weather float aircraft may also land safely. Land use activities in this area should fully consider its wildlife values. The 1974 Chugach National Forest: Land 0@ Use Plan recognizes the wildlife and recre- ational values this area possesses. The 4 plan also suggests the construction of a ublic use cabin be considered. P re-en Isfand 9 13 17 4 C, oil *@723 C C, 2- i 26 26' 27 .am. Granite b"a oij 43rAL&Sk'j Primary Value: Recreation Associated Value: Scenic C-i 25 -2 36 /3@ 3A L@Go <I'M -X. fy Granite Bay, a scenic inlet near the northern end of Dangerous Passage, is attractive to the recreationist boating '1a along Knight Island Passage. As well as offering : good anchorage for small boats, its heavily glaciated valley sides allow There for numerous hiking opportunities. are a number of hideaway corners of the bay and an abundance of island to be ex- '12 23 plored. Killer and humpback whales are relatively -25 abundant in the area; in addition, sea otter and harbor seal are often seen. A zr lake at the head of the bay providis habi- 2. tat for cutthroat trout. The bay has been included in the Nellie Juan Wilderness Study Area. .3 7 (zt' Latitude: 60'251N 3 Longitude: 148*00'W Upland Acres (H ecta res): 3,330 (1332) 1 Federal Existing Ownership: ANCSA selection (Chenega) entire U@ 3 7 Existing Management: Forest Service study area for Wilderness Proposed Management: Wilderness or Public and/or .- LN" Private Recreation 0 1K IdA V- 28 Granite Cave &-)%f Or AL4sk4 Primary Value: Recreation Associated Value: Scenic This cove provides a suitable protected anchorage for small boats. Its primary asset is its proximity to Columbia Glacier. It has the drawbacks of floating ice and the chilly air from the nearby glacier. Wildlife species in the area include black bear concentrating. along streams, sea birds wintering along the coast, and the presence of sea otters and harbor seals in the waters of the bay. Latitude: 60'58'N Longitude: 147'09'W Upland Acres (Hectares): 2,520 (1,008) Existing Ownership: Federal Existing Management: Forest Service under OF study as Scenic Area Proposed Management: Public Recreation X C.1 e -co Z@- 7 j '2'2. 20 Nit A C 0 L V M B I A - , @'/ 29@ e@ -42: 7 B A. Y Elf P!@T-@ -3 2. F7 0 .1K I* Lxl; Pt fflaww" 29 ni, Growler SQ &JNf of AL@04ACj r/1 Primary Value: Recreation Associated Value: Scenic WN Gro wler Bay was the local name recorded in 1916 because of ice seen floating in the bay (a "growler" is a small piece of float- ing ice). With a fine view of the Columbia glacier, it possesses scenic and primitive qualities. In fact, the entire area was noted for high primitive and medium to high scenic values. Fifty-four miles northeast of Whittier, the bay extends three miles to the sound on the northeast side of Glacier Island. It Latitude: 60*53'N offers two good anchorages for small boats. 147'07'W Longitude: Although it is the largest bay on Glacier Island, a number of other small bays are Upland Acres(Hectares): 2,780 (1;112) accessible to boaters, allowing for addi- tional related recreational use such as Existing Ownership: Federal hiking, beachcombing, and wildlife observa- Existing Management: Forest Service tion, as well as trips to nearby Columbia Glacier. Sport fishing for chum salmon and. Use , portion under scenic management cutthroat trout is also a favorite activity in the area. Proposed Management: Public Recreation -IT @7 J C__ 10 r Y A .2 K 60 Hed 30 C-0 or ALask4 Primary Value: Recreatio n Associated Value: Scenic Hartney Bay, located some six-miles south of Cordova by road, is an area tradition- ally used for recreation by both local and non-local recreationisms. Hartney Bay is predominantly a mudflat, although a por- tion of the bay has been cut off from com- plete saltwater inundation due to the con- struction of a road levy, and is presently Latitude: 60* 30'_\T undergoi:ng successional changes to an up- land vegetative community. The U. S. Forest Service has constructed a picnic Longitude: 145*53'W facility in this area which seems to re- ceive considerable use. Upland Acres(Pectares): 9,340 (3,736) Aside from scenic and natural features of Existing Ownership: Federal the area, one of the area's greatest values ANCSA selection (Eyak) entire lies in its accessibility from Cordova by Existing Management: Forest Service automobile. A Native campsite and the restricted use pending remains of an old cannery attest to pre- future ownership vious human activity. Proposed Management: Private Recreation Md MId _7 S, 3;j pt,,@,, L FZ- ..... ...... T, 7 zi 2- /0@ 0 IK IA 31 %-fldden Sa +3j of ALA Primary Value: Recreation Associated Value: Scenic, Wildlife Hidden Bay extends off of Perry Passage on the eastern shore of Culross Island. The entrance can be difficult for large boats 3@ @to negotiate. Nevertheless, the bay pro ;vides a good anchorage for small boats ionce through the passa-ge. The bay has a .number of islands and rocky points as well ,as several streams and fine uplands for ;14- hiking. There is possibly a Native village site in the area. Wildlife thought to be present in the area include black bear, sea otter, harbor seal, whale, and waterfowl. 60'421N Latitude: 148'09'W Longitude: .0 x idden Upland Acres(Hectare,): 6,240 (2,496) Bay Federal -Existing 0,,,Ynership: S@ V1 Existing Management: Forest Service (PIN study area for Wilderness i- Wilde Proposed Management: rness or Public Recreation 24 !? n 'Z@ @ 7K _4 0 1A 32 AN, Jac, &O-Sot sa j Primary Value: Recreation Associated Value: Scenic, Wildlife & Heritage -A -a ES F Jackpot Bay is reported by some who know P R I to be the most scenic and the area well pleasurable area in all of Prince William Sound. Eshamy Lagoon is thought by others to have this distinction. It'provides --v numerous opportunities for water-related activities as well as hiking and nature nj _C' viewing in the uplands. A series of scenic lakes, the Jackpot Lakes, extend northward Do from the bay through country dotted with pothole lakes and surrounded by high gla- Afton cier-topped peaks. There are a number of e.- hideaways for visitors to explore. Soort fishing for red, silver, and pink salmon is a favorite activity in the area. The X, Forest Service recognizes three anchorages '@j there and has included the bay in the 4 N-1 f, r) Nellie Juan Wilderness Study Area. Bear are found along several of the streams draining into the bay. PC' There is an archaeological site at the bay IG A and one at the north entrance, where some archaeological remnants have been found. Jackpot Bay lies off Dangerous Passage near 1" J@ - 4@ Chenega Island; because of its proximity, it provides the opportunity to visit other n attractive bays, such as Icy Bay, in the vicinity. 7" i@4 ewn eg a-,- C Latitude: 60*211N 148'13'W Longitude: 24,130 (9,652) Upland Acres (Hectares): J." Existing Ownership* Federal ANCSA selection (Chenega) 2 entire L 2_@ Forest Service Existing Management: study area for Wilderness 1 7 Proposed Management: Wilderness or Public and/or Private Recreation 33 2@, qr-.q7 8qK6qalt0qalql0qo. and 4qOosf6qtuk t Beaches Of qAqL.4sk., Primary Value: Recreation Associated Value: Scenic Katalla and Softuk are the only other large wave-pounded bars besides Strawberry creation :Reef and Oakalee Beach for beach re in the area of eastern Prince William Sound. The beaches are known for their razor clams, dungeness and tanner crabs, and opportunities for beachcombing. These beaches, presently accessible by way of Latitude: 60'10'N Katalla, could become more accessible to such cormmunities as Cordova for recreation- Longitude: 14,qT 30W al use. Present access to the area is ec 1q300 (920) ilimited to wheeled aircraft landings on Upland Acresq(H tares): 2 !the "outside" end of Coal Beach. Exposed I rship: Federal to the rolling surf of the Gulf of Alaska, Existing Owne old beach lines are easily seen. Uplands, ANCSA selection on Katalla consisting of young spruce-hemlock forest intermingled with grassy openings, provide seasonal habitat for brown bear, with some Existing Management: Forest Service Public bear hunting activity occurring at the Recreation ,present time. The inland shores are typi- geqment: Public and/orrivate Ical estuarine with tidal mudflats and low Proposed Mana ;vegetation, such as grasses and sedges. Recreation 7q@ Y o. Mtn 2qJ. - f4l-, I* r qUqaq,er qVq-7 la qt 2q=qTf Wq@qI Islands 77q7q7q@- - -------------- qSk 34q* Landlocked 0qS6qa I 4qJ6q1 2qojj or AL-q4sk4 Primary Value: Recreation Associated Value: Scenic, Wildlife Located on the north shore of the entrance An area on the southern shore of the bay serves as winter range for mountain goats to Port Fidalgo, Landlocked Bay offers a wide variety of coastal recreation activi- and should be managed for this use. ty potentials. The coastal landscape of this area ranges from low-lying muskeg areas near Graveyard Point to the steep Latitude: 60*50'.N coniferous forest on the bay's north shore. The area also possesses several small is- Longitude: 146*35'W lands, offshore rocks, and a delta at the head of the bay. Streams in the area in- Upland Acresq(Hectares): q9,400 (3,760) clude Lagoon Creek, Reynolds Creek, Horse- I tail Falls Creek, and Chisna Creek as well Existing Ownership: Federal as several lesser streams, most of which ANCSA selection (Eyak) entir have.runs of anadromous fish. 2 Private Parcels Accessible by boat or floatplane, the area I exhibits the potential for campin.-, fishing Existing Management: Forest Service Multiple Use (salt and fresh), hiking, canoeing, beach- portion managed for goat combing, and boating. The drainage basin range boundary of this area includes the 3,842' summit of Copper Mountain and several high Proposed Management: Public and/or Private Recreation elevation lakes. Approximately eight miles due west by water is the Native townsite preserve goat range area of Tatitlek. An archaeological site is located on the southern shoreline of the bay. V' A 'e -q@N t3N qKe t qR 0- R I@8qA 0 q4qtq, 04qM, ,4q1q1 A 4q3- qj, @5 qW4. .3 q7 22 22q.q,"q.q,' !A. qPt q22 21 35 Long Sag/ Ode 2qL0q6.1,2qk2qe 4qSc8qh6qr -ANON, The Long Bay area, a geologic formation of Primary Value: Recreation intrusive granitic rock, is impressively scenic. A short trail leads through wea- Associated Value: Scenic ther-shaped sub-alpine vegetation from Long Bay to Lake Shrode, the site of the Latitude: 60"41'N U.S.F.S. public use cabin. The lake and outlet stream offer good salmon fishing in Longitude: 148*16'W late summer. Commercial fishing vessels use the cove as a transfer point. Nearby Upland Acres (Hectares): are numerous opportunities for viewing wildlife: Dall porpoise are often seen Existing Ownership: Federal in the open waters of nearby Cochrane Bay, and harbor porpoise congregate near the Existing Management: Forest Service shore. The upper end of Long Bay is noted study area for Wilderness for concentrations of seals in the inland waters and black bear along the streams. Proposed Management: Wilderness or Bald eagles nest along the coastline. Public Recreation The Long Bay area is important for arch- _q7 aeological study; several mummy eaves, left by Chugach Eskimos, have been found on the shores of the bay. One archaeolo- F 0 R -ical site is known to exist west of Point Zuqlross. The area is recommended by the Z Y;,o Forest Service for inclusion in the Nellie C' f .Juan Wilderness Study Area. Wells pa8sag- a Tic:, qFqI 8qd r7 y, - q> q;q;8qmq-qE nK .q3 qIqv qV qP 0 49 4qW 36 I I ql6qasked 0qB6qa "'8qY q(qIqi6qj , ell Primary Value: Recreation Associated Value: Scenic Masked Bay, an attractive boat anchorage off of Dangerous Passage on the north shore of Chenega Island, lies within the area proposed by the Forest Service as the Nellie Juan Wilderness Study Area. The Land Use Planning Commission has designated the area as having particular high primi- tive qualities and medium to high scenic values. Although a number of rocks obscure the entrance, Masked Bay is suitable as an anchorage for small boats. Latitude: 60'22'N Longitude: 140qT 02'W Upland Acres (Hectares): 2,180 (872) Existing Ownership: Federal ANCSA selection (Chenega) entire Existing Management: Forest Service study area for Wilderness Proposed Management: Wilderness or Public and/or Private Recreation 0 t Z' 7 14 6qS q4q, 8q@ 04qrqk80qa12q" 2q1 2q2 8q18q752q1 1q94q, q"48q6 q0 q.1K 37 McPherson 4qs0qc2q@2q@ C8q+qYlqf Primary Value: Recreation Associated Value: Scenic This bay provides a good anchorage in the Naked Island group. It is located south of Peak Island which is in large part private- Latitude: 60*40'N ly owned. The area consists of a nurnber of inland bays and islands which make it an Longitude: 147'23'W attractive area for pleasure boarers. Two seabird colonies nearby, one of kitzi-,vakes Upland Acres(H ec tares): 2.050 (820) and the other of puffins, and a number of harbor seals provide opportunities for Existing Owners Ihip: Federal nature viewing. qNIcPherson and Cut@siide Bay, which is also identified as an area of par- Existing Management: Forest Service Ilultiple Use ticular concern for recreation, provide im- portant anchorages for cross-Sound recrea- tional boaters. Proposed Management: Public Recreation e-ii k - I land - ------ t N 4qN6q@ 20- q rj ed 17 7 'z 'jv @:z0q@-- -M -J 31 qIqL q02 q:qZqf qZq-q9q- qX /q* 38 IS 4 11 iount Eccles Ito L+3j Primary Value: Recreation Associated Value: Scenic !The coastal and upland resources of this area present an opportunity for use as a 'community recreation area. Nearby Eyak Lake and Eyak River provide an important ,scenic and recreation resource for people @boating or driving in the area as well as 'Providing a recreation base for Cordova residents. The mountains portray a conti- inuum of vegetation and landforms from snow- @field to sea coast, and provide a spectacu- ;lar backdrop for the community of Cordova. ;This area contains portions of both Eyak Lake and Orca Inlet shorelines. Latitude: 60'32'N The coastline to the north is presently be- Longitude: 145*44'W ing developed. Management objectives of are,): 4,420 (1,768) this area should be to maintain a natural Upland Acres(Hect Isection of coastline close to a major popu- lation area in the sound in order to pro- Existing Ownership: Federal tect the natural beauty as seen from homes State & City and roads, and to provide recreation oppor- Private tunities for Cordova residents. A portion ANCSA selection (Eyak) of this area, generally the northern slope partial of Mount Eccles, serves as a watershed for Existing Management: Forest Service Multiple Use the community of Cordova. Protection of Residential this watershed should supercede all other Watershed land uses in this area. Proposed Management: Public and/or Private I Recreation and Watershed r -'Tmod 2P 3 24 E I A L A C E K 17. i z 6 30 25 20 saddle 32 34 --Nft@ PV JK JA MR46 39 North--2q=8qs8qT'6q82qC0q\_ Cqlij or qALASAC:4 Primary Value: Recreation Associated Value: Seen ic Northwest Bay is located on the north side of Eleanor Island, one of the most north- ernly of the Knight Island group. These Latitude: 60'30'N islands are particularly scenic due to vol- canic origin. It is the last anchorage for Longitude: 147'36'W ,boaters cruising north out of Knight Island Passage before the open sound, anqa there- Upland Acres (H ecta res): 1,220 (488) fore is an important anchorage point for cross-sound traffic. Deer hunting is popu- Existing Ownership: Federal lar here and on nearby Ingot Island. Elea- I :,nor Island is noted for its abundance of qharbor.seals, and whales are occasionally Existing Management: Forest Service Multiple Use seen near the entrance of the bay and in nearby Montague Straits and Knight Island Public Recreation Passage. Proposed Management: "101 Xo,the,! "Bay -2. qr cc qLqN 2q(q:4q7 4q\qJ 3 -qtq. \0qj 0q0 q3A 40 8qC0qq2qVe 8q&J2qj Or ALASkA '4q0q1 Primary Value: Recrdation Aqmciated Value: Heritage, Scenic Olsen Cove, located in the vicinity of Kiniklik at the head of Unakwik Inlet, is well protected from all directions and larae enough to anchor a number of boats. Sport anglers from Whittier, thirty-eight miles to the southwest, take pink and chum salmon. The shores of Unakwik offer oppor- tunities for beachcombing. Two archaeolo- Latitude: 60' 52'N gical sites exist in the area. Several uses are proposed for the area in- Longitude: 147*36'W cluding commercial, residential, and timber Upland Acres(Hectares): 1,150 (460) production. Existing Ownership: qjq@7deral Interest has been expressed by local com- 2 ANCSA 14qhq! s@-Iecticni mercial fishermen and seafood processors in developing processing plants, housing, Existing Management: forest Service restrictive Iand storage facilities in this bay, as management pending State well as other bays in the upper Prince selections William Sound area. Proposed Management: Public Rec-reation 32; 4@ 7@- % J, _Z 3 Dq 71, C. q26qA C-q' q@Eqn qLqL qzqz q2 q0 1K q12qA 41 %*Ax" Outside tl@ TD Primary Value: Recreation n 30 This area provides one of the few sheltered places for anchorage of small boats (another is McPherson Bay on the north shore). Because of its geographic loca- tion, anchorages on Naked Island are impor- tant to cross-Sound recreational boaters from Valdez or Cordova toward Seward. Naked Island gets its name from the fact that Natives reportedly found an insane naked woman there. The island has support- 7;' 1 32 ed a fox pelt farm in the past, and some of the old buildin-s still exist. Sitka 7" black-tailed deer are found as well as a scattering of sea otters around the Island. 'Do Q) The shores of Naked Island provide good opportunities for beaching, and migrating 5 whales are often seen offshore. \3 Latitude: 60'38'N Longitude: 147*28'W Upland Acres (H ec tares): 1,180 (472) Federal Existing Ownership: -- -------- Existing Management: Forest Service Multiple Use L-C, I,"% Proposed Management: Public Recreation -,V .42 0qa0qt0qton 2qdi2qj imary Value: Recreation alue: Wildlife ssociated V Pat Bay, on the south side of Montague Isl d, is a large bay presently used pri- Latitude: 59'56'N mar ly by recreational hunters. There are tes in the area where wheeled planes Longitude: 147*27'W two I can land, there being in all of Prince Wil iam Sound only three sites. A Forest Upland Acres(Hectares): 32,000 (12,800) Ser ice public cabin is maintained there and frequented by deer hunters. Existing Ownership: Federal 4 ANCSA 14hl selections Nea Wooded Island is the site of a large bir colony and a sea lion summer haul-out Existing Management: Forest Service Multiple gro ds. All of Patton Bay is known for Use iar concentrations of sea lions and sea Ott s in surnmer. Bald eagle nest in the Proposed Management: Public Recreation are and Sitka black-tailed deer forage the beaches in winter. 6q7,- 7 8 YJ S 1touche q% /qX tand pr sqa 41 @q0 Ha nn% qU ,';;@6-10 q@q7q@4q7q-qS 12qNqt Wooded qlsq@q' T-q1 q-S is n b n e 43 ot Primary Value: Recreation Associated Value: Heritage, Scenic Sport anglers find this area attractive as Latitude: 60*50'N several species of fish, both sea and freshwater, are present here: red snapper Longitude: 148*20'W (rockfish), halibut, pink, chum, and king salmon, as well as dungeness-crab. Several Upland Acresj Hectares): 13,020 (5,208) anchorages have been identified by the Forest Service in the bay. These are free Existing Ownership: Federal of navigational hazards but exposed to 2 ANCSA 14hl selections southeast winds. The Forest Service has built a recreational cabin here. 7here are several abandoned gold mines and Existing Management Forest Service an old logging operation in the area. I'lultiple Use ISeals concentrate in the waters of the ibay, and ea-les nest nearby as well as Proposed Management: Public Recreation Igeese, duck;, and other waterfowl. e % L7 9 0 Vn N'x < -24wt \c Z9-- P 3A 44 Rocky. Bcx,.,Y/ 4 A Zaikof Sag Rocky and Zaikof Bays are located at the Primary Value: Recreation northern end of Montague Island. The five foot uplift which occurred during the 1964 Associated Value: Scenic earthquake in this area did not damage salmon streams as was the case at the Latitude: 60*20'N south end of the island which uplifted 30 feet. Because of this, this area contains Longitude: 147'05'W the best of the remaining salmon habitat on the island. Brown bear are plentiful Upland Acres (H ecta res): 26,940 (10,776) in this area, primarily due to an abun- dance of salmon. Sea otters are known to Existing Ownership: Federal concentrate in the waters of both bays. 3 ANCSA l4hl selections Access to this area is by boat or float plane. Pleasure boaters utilize both bays. Sitk@ bl,ck-tailed deer are commonly Existing Management: Forest Service managed hunted here. Recreational trapping of fur- bearers also occurs. for Fish, Wildlife and Recreation The Forest Service identified this area for Proposed Management: Fish and Wildlife, and Public Recreation 11;s wildlife, fish, and recreational values in the 1974 Chugach National Forest: Land Use Plan and proposed to manage the area with a regard for these values. The Land Use Planning Commission has identified the whole of Montague Island as possessing good to high scenic values. 2 A Z -@A Z G'. t-'R ft, 15 E Z '23 N, 45 0qb4qa8qwr0qr I 4qB6qa2qy Cqli6qj Primary Value: Recreation Associated Value: Scenic, Wildlife Beca. use of this area's proximity to Va'I'd*ez*, Latitude: 61*03'N it serves as an important area for recrea- tionists, both local and regional. It is Longitude- 146*47'W popular with boaters, providing protection for small boats, convenient as it is near the range limit for those coming from Val Upland Acresq(Hecta rqrq): 13,300 (5,320) dez for a day's activities. Recreation Existing Ownership: Federal opportunities in the area include snort crab, clams, Dartial fishing for silver salmon, ANCSA selections (Tatitlek) and halibut. Wildlife enthusiasts may ob- serve several species of birds here and Possibly black bear. The Forest Service I maintains a public use cabin here. Because. Existing Management: Forest Service Multiple Use Of-its scenic values and shoreline pro- Bureau of Land Management tected from the strong currents of Valdez Proposed Management: Public and/or Private Arm, it is a logical choice for a local Recreation recreation use area. :qJ, Glut POPT VALDE; V 3 L 0 rmnla 5 'h@ 23 J -a4qA 4qe I `7@ _7 Cn 2 2a I q'N qFq, 0-q@R 0q7A qtqe L -q4 qCq, 60qP 24q@q_08q7 qZ 46 Schoppe Bay/. 0qm2qu0qe'qlql6qe2qr C6qO, 0qe Cq+qY2qJ or qALqzk4 '2qX4q/q11 Primary Value: Recreation Associated Value: Scenic This area offers several good anchorages Latitude: 60' 53'N and opportunities for viewing wildlife in a primitive setting. The visitor to this Longitude: 14739'W area might have the chance to experience one or several types of wildlife, in- Upland Acres(Hectares): 4,600 (1,840) cluding: bald eagles nesting in the area, bears in the fresh water streams, seals. Existing Ownership- Federal in the upper bay, and herring feeding off- shore. Existing Management: Forest Service Multiple Use The area is popular for pink and chum sal- mon fishing., Like the rest of Prince Proposed Management: Public Recreation William Sound the area is characterized by heavily glaciated valleys and high steep i mountains rising abruptly from tidewater. 20 N _T_ 36 q@4 q@j q1q'q7 q0 1K 47 e Schrader Island C Primary Value: Recreation MWINC-11 Associated Value Scenic This area includes Shrader Island, locaTed WA in the left arm of Long Bay north of Gla- cier Island in upper Prince William Sound, as well as the surrounding ar ea on the mainland of the bay. Because of its proxi- mity to Columbia Glacier and its high pri- mitive values, it can provide a quality wilderness experience for recreational boaters. The area is known for sport salmon fishing and cutthroat trout, as well as herrin T:5 and tanner crab feeding in the bay. Ea;les @@Z, 0 nest and sea birds winter in the area. Concentration of harbor seals is known to be high in the upper reaches of Long Bay. 0 ne archaeological site is in the area. lip, Latitude: 60'58'N 147'15'W Longitude: MEN Upland Acres(Hectares): 10,430 (4,172) 4' Existing Ownership: Federal 2 ANCSA 14hl selections Existing Management: Forest Service Multiple Use Proposed Management: Public Recreation L 0 X B N@, SCh@der V@. j A- !h-, Pt .777- 01 " Al A 48 Sheep 6 Primary Value: Recreation Associated Value: Scenic, Wildlife Latitude: 60'40'N Longitude: 145*58'W Upland Acres (Hectares): 5,470 (2,188) Existing Ownership: Federal ANCSA selection (Eyak) A saltehuck or saltwater connected lagoon entire occurs at the head of Sheep Bay. Numerous offshore islands make this area important for recreational boating activities. Existing Management: Forest Service portions on Orca Bay managed Notable concentrations of black and grizzly for scenic quality bear occur at the head of the bay and deer Proposed Management: Public and/or Private forage on the beaches in late winter and Recreation spring. A sea bird colony of arctic terns is located on Sheep Bay Rocks and herons and geese nest at the head of the bay. 23, x., Harbor seals and sea otters are known to congregate in the bay. A crab fishery op- erates'throughout; Sheep Bay and riecreation- ists can find dungeness crab and butter clams. Salmon running in local streams -Z!'- 2.il give rise to numbers of bald eagle nests. The remains of a sawmill are located on the north shore of the bay as well as four 77, archaeological sites. J5 2 2 7 I IK 1,A 49 Shul=@iDtrinp% Cove &JJ Primary Value: Recreation Associated Value: Scenic I-J Shoestring Cove, located on the Esther Is- land shoreline of Esther Passage, is an 34 -3 attractive area for recreational boaters anchor- J originating from Whittier. While ages in the cove are somewhat limited, % waters near the entrance of the cove in Esther Passage provide additional anchor- age areas. quarters of a mile in length provide an 'Upland lakes above the cove of over three- iopportunity for freshwater activities, adding to the range of activities possible in the area. Spectacular peaks allow .views over the entire island and into Esther Passage. Streams for fishing hiking, viewing of eagles, black bears, A and scenic features are other possible activities. Shoestring Cove adjoins Es- ther Passage, a scenic waterway of steep % J. 9 ranite cliffs laced with waterfalls and heavily forested uplands. Latitude: 60'52'N Longitude: 147*58'W -19 V Upland Acre s(H ecta res): 3,780 (1,512) _z: Federal Existing Ownership: 27 Existing Management: Forest Service Nfultiple'Use A Portion on Esther Passage Fy managed for Recreation/ 0 Scenic Proposed Management: Public Recreation 50 Shot un Cove 0i Primary Value: Recreation Associated Value: Scenic Slated for development as a small boat i harbor with a capacity of about 1,000 boats, this area provides a good mud-hold- ing bottom for boats and is protected from Latitude: 60'48'N winds off of Passage Canal. It is accessi- Longitude: 148*33'W ble to Whittier, only six or eight miles away. Providing shelter for Whittier-bound boats in periods of high winds, it is a Upland Acres (H ectaresl: 2,910 (1,164) favorite for recreational boaters. Empty barges awaiting pickup are often seen. Existing Ownership: Federal ANCSA selection (Chugach) A five mile road is proposed to connect entire I with Whittier. This could increase recre- i ational use substantially. Existing Management: Forest Service Harbor seals are often seen by visitors. restricted use pending Several large kittiwake colonies in the future ownershin vicinity should be protected, as they are Proposed Management: Private and/or Public susceptible to disturbance. Recreation PA 3S.1 Ge L Col- 12 12-, S s zr J L BLACXS'GN' 2: 51 Shoup. Q'Y .I C-Oi 701 Primary Value: Recreation Associated Value: Scenic Shoup Bay, located 7.5 miles west of Val- Latitude: 61'08'N dez, is accessible primarily by water. Because of its proximity to the community Longitude: 146* 35 1 IV of Valdez, it is a potential recreation area. There are possibilities for trails, Upland Acres (Hectares): 12,740 (5,096) fishing, and wildlife viewing. Mountain goats are frequently seen on the cliffs Existing Ownership: Federal around the bay and dabbler ducks can be portions Private observed feeding in the upper tidal flats. and State Shoup Glacier, the terminus of which lies two miles north of the bay, was the main tributary to the huge glacier that carved Existing Management: Bureau of Land !@lana-ement Valdez Arm. Shoup Bay is listed in the Private and State unknown Guinness Book of World Records for the height of the waves during the 1964 earth- Proposed Management: Public and/or Private q@uake. It is also said that the bay emp- Recreation tied and filled three times. j 7`77' 4 op 'I', a Y 0 .1 K Lj 52 Avlqh@ Ask M 'Sul' I Oij Primary Value: Recreation Associated Value: Scenic, Wildlife Simpson Bay is located 10 miles northwest of Cordova by boat. This area is used ex- tensively by both Cordova residents and visitors to Cordova. "V:' The bay supports populations of both king and dungeness crab. Some 25 bald eagle nests have been identified along the 7-- - shorelines of the bay. Harbor seals range throughout the bay. Simpson, Raging, and Rogue Creeks all support runs of salmon, with brown bear intensively utilizing these creeks. The Forest Service operates a public use 'A c bin at the head of the south fork of a the bay, as well as maintaining a trail to Milton Lake. Recreation, scenic, and wildlife values of the Simpson Bay area T- are all high. Latitude: 60*38'N Longitude: 145*55'W Upland Acres (H ecta res): 22,300 (8,920) Existing Ownership: Federal ANCSA selection (Eyak) entire 'b@ 0. -se Existing Management: Forest Service Ifulriple Use Omit portions near entrance inanaged for scenic values j L Proposed Management: Private and/or Public Recreation V, 53 or ALAS*:'$ Primary Value: Recreation Associated Value: Wildlife, Scenic Siwash Bay, located on the western shore an area identified -as Unakwik Inlet/Eaglek .of Unakwik Inlet six miles north of Olsen Bay area of particular concern and as m Sound, has having high primitive and medium to high Island, in upper Prince Willia both high primitive and scenic values. scenic qualities by the Land Use Planning ,The bay, appealing to an observer, pre- Commission. :sents a continuum of vegetation units ran- 60*571N gin.- from a marshy flat at the head of the Latitude: bay providing excellent waterfowl habitat Longitude: to rocky cliffs and scenic uplands of 147'40'W spruce forest. The bay provides a good ectares): 11,260 (4,504) anchorage for large and small vessels, as Upland Acres(H :it has a mud bottom and is sheltered from all directions. Existing Ownership: Federal 'CSA l4hl selection 1 AN ;In addition to ducks and other water birds .nesting at the head of the bay, a colony of .mew gulls and porpoises in nearby Unakwik :Inlet provide opportunities for wildlife Existing Management: Forest Service ?Tultiple Use :viewin-. Visitors can clam, fish, shrimp, or crab along the coastline. It is known as a salmon fishing area with both pink Proposed Management: Public and/or Private chum occurring. This bay is within Recreation 6 32 31; 3 2 N t' _7 9 S 17 7@_ N 21 -24 23 @27 - -. - '/' 545-@) '30 77-_T' 71k@ 54 COK Harbor or qALq4sk4 Primary Value: Recreation Associated Value: Scenic Knight Island is possibly the most scenic Latitude: 60*15'N island in the Prince William Sound. Al- though smaller in area, a number of inland Longitude: 144qr 42'W bays cause the length of the shoreline to exceed that of Montague Island. Generally, Upland Acres (Hectares): 3,155 (1,262) boat travel is much rougher on the east side of the island; therefore, any anchor- Existing Ownership: Federal ages in that area should be recognized. The primary value of this area is that it Existing Management: Forest Service Mul-ciple Use is one of the few anchora.-es on the east side of tqhe island and well-known for its scenic values. -The grey flat beach of Snug Proposed Management: Public Recreation Harbor provides a good anchorage for small boats, in an area where most of the bays are too rocky for this purpose. Whales travel offshore in'the open waters of the ound, and deer forage along the coastline in winter. A small cannery and sawmill once operated here. qkq@ Most of Kni-ht Island has been identified 1? 7 . a as having high wilderness qualities by persons having knowledge of the area, with a possible exclusion of Thumb Bay. 9 snug 19 qZt '6qAl 20 2 1qV 1pp -29 NiGHr ISLqANO K N0q\ 3q2q-q' 0qk qJq, qi 2q1q7 55 South Elrington Island Primary Value: Recreation Associated Value: Scenic Wildlife South of Elrington Passage is the South Elrington Island area of particular con- cern, a scenic area that provides several anchorages for boats travelling to or from Seward. This anchorage is at the end of Elrington Passage before a fifteen mile stretch to Goat Harbor on the mainland. A narrow sandspit connects North Twin Bay with Fox Farm Bay, a calm and attractive anchorage. The uplands in the area with peaks up to 1,500 feet elevation provide opportunities for viewing the bluffs across Port Bain- bridge on the mainland. Latitude: 59'57'N Longitude: 148'12'W Upland Acres(Hectars): 3,520 (1,408) Existing Ownership: Federal 1 ANCSA 14hl selection Existing Management: Forest Service Multiple Use U.S. Coast Guard Lighthouse Reserve Proposed Mangement: Public Recreation 56 Squirrel Bay Primary Value: Recreation Latitude: 60'00 N Longitude: 143' 09 'W This bay is located on the western shore Upland Acres (Hectares): 900 (360) of Evans Island and provides an anchorage for those boats traveling on the Prince of Existing Ownership: Federal Wales passage between Evans and Bainbridge Island. There is a bird colony nearby on the south shore of the bay. The bay has been identified by the Land Existing Management: Forest Service Multiple Use Use Planning Commission as possessing sce- nic value. Proposed Management: Public Recreation 57 Thumb Bay Primary Value: Recreation Latitude: 60'12'N Longitude: 147'19'W Upland Acres(Hectares): 1,600 (640) Existing Ownership: Federal Private ANCSA selection (Chenega) entire Existing Management: Forest Service Multiple Use Resort Proposed Management: Public and/or Private Recreation Knight Island, a particularly rugged is- land, consists of a number of volcanic in- trusives imparting special scenic quali- ties. Thumb Bay is one of the few suita- able anchorages on the Island. It is a deep harbor, ice free year around, with limited commerical facilities available for boaters in emergencies and provides good protection for float plan landings as well. The size of a former landings as well. The size of a former herring saltery and oil reduction plant, it is now actively operated by local residents as the Prince William Sound Inn. Much of Knight Island has high quality primitive vaules; this area would have to considered an enclave in the total wilderness quality. Nearby are some archaelogical sites of the Chenega Eskimos. 58 Two Moon Bay Primary Value: Recreation Associated Value: Scenic, Heritage Two Moon Bay is located on the southern shoreline at the entrance to Port Fidalgo. Latitude: 60'46'N The bay, as well as Port Fidalgo, serves as a sea bird wintering and nesting area. Longitude: 146'02'W The easternmost arm of Two Moon Bay offers an excellent small boat anchorage. Gradual Upland Acres (Hectares): 5,376 (2,150) sloping forested uplands offer sites for the future development of necessary visitor Existing Ownership: Federal facilities. The landform diversity of this ANCSA selection (Tatitiek) bay is capable of supporting a wide range of recreational activities. The Land Use Planning Commission has rated Existing Management: Forest Service Multiple Use this portion of Prince William Sound, which includes Two Moon, good to high in terms of scenic quality. Proposed Management: Public and/or Private Recreation 59 Useless ccvo=@ Primary Value: Recreation Associated Value: Heritage, Scenic This Cove extends one mile east from Long Latitude: 60'57'N Bay north of Glacier Island in upper Prince William Sound. The upper end of the Cove Longitude: 147' 11'T provides good protection --for a few small boats. Three historical sites and one re- Upland Acres(Hectares): 1,630 (652) lating to the location of the Long Bay Chu- gach Eskimo Village site have been identi- Existing Ownership: Federal fied in the area. Eagles nest on the north shore and mountain goats frequent the ro Cky Existing Management: Forest Service Mult -iDle Use uplands. Sport anglers have an opportunity- to fish for pink and chum salmon in the 1 'LN-CSA 14hl selection freshwater streams and tanner crab and her- Proposed Management: Public and Private ring in the bay, making it an area of di- verse recreational opportunities. Because Recreation of a variety of landforms and environments, it has exceptional scenic values; attesting Lurther to its scenie quality, the area ha; been identified by both the Land Use Plan- ning Commission and Division of Parks staff for its high scenic nature. 2 4 X N G B 14 A, '6 -24@ 2/ ell" -J P. 60 Wells Bay Primary Value: Recreation Associated Value: Scenic Wells Bay is a large bay east of Unakwik Inlet, separated from it by a narrow Denin- sula. It extends north to a forked head. Two anchorages for small boats have been identified in Wells Bay by the Forest Ser- vice. The opportunities for wildlife view- ing in this area are numerous: bald eagles nest in the bay; gulls, terns, and ducks feed on the beaches of the inlet; Canada geese winter on the flats near the head of the bay. It is one of the major concentra- tions of western yellow cedar in the sound. A relatively untouched area, wilderness values are considered to be high. Latitude: 60'56'N Longitude: 147'29'W Upland Acres (Hectares): 5,440 (2,176) Existing Ownership: Federal Existing Management: Forest Service Multiple Use Public Recreation Proposed Management: 61 %NOW. Scenic areas of particular concern have been identified where characteristics of the coastal landscape and/or %;Wm use patterns of offshore waters by recreational water- craft or sightseeing vessels create a valuable visual resource which may be impaired through human alteration of the landscape. While the entire Prince William Sound/Controller Bay region possesses scenic qualities 9@ worthy of consideration in all land use decisions, the following areas have been identified as areas requiring C special visual management. Scenic areas may also possess associated values of re- creation and heritage resources. Management of these resources should be carried out in such a manner so as or ^ 9 to not impair the area's scenic resource. T.-NAM Bainbridge Passage Primary Value: Scenic Associated Value: Recreation This area has been included by the Forest Service in their recommendation for a Nellie Juan Wilderness Study Area. The Forest Service has also identified two anchorages in the passage. The ferry from Seward to Valdez uses this route during periods of poor weather as an alternate to Elrington Passage. Although used by plea- sure boaters, it can be hazardous and boat- ers should be cautious of swells and tide rips, particularly through a very narrow spot halfway through the passage. The passage is scenic with peaks rising over 2,000 feet within a mile of the shoreline. The passage itself is only half a mile wide in most places, rendering it attrac- tive as well as providing an opportunity for viewing sea otters in the shallow waters near the rocky shoreline. Along several streams a concentration of bears has been noted. Black bears can also be seen along the coastline. Latitude: 60-08'N Longitude: 148'12'W Upland Acres (H ectares): 15,000 (6,000) Existing Ownership: Federal 2 ANCSA 14hl selections ANCSA selection (Tatitlek) northern portion Existing Management: Forest Service included in Wilderness study area Proposed Management: Wilderness or Scenic Area 65 Blackstone scm oij r/1 Primary Value: Scenic Associated Value: Recreation, Wildlife < Latitude: 60*08'N Longitude: 148" 12'W Upland Acres(Hectares): 49,540 (19,816) Existing Ownership: Federal ANCSA selection (Chugach) northern shoreline Existing Management: Forest Service included in Wilderness study area Proposed Management: Wilderness or Scenic Area M Blackstone was a prospector who, lost in a storm in 1896 attempting to cross Portage Pass, froze to death with his two com- P anions on Blackstone Glacier. Some local sport anglers and recreational boaters con sider this bay to be one of the most im- 'V, pressive areas in the Sound. It is 11.5 miles long, one to two miles wide, and nearly 200 fathoms deep. Althou.-h in gen- eral Blackstone Bay lacks good anchorages, it can be used in-good conditions by small f boats. A glacier at the head of the bay calves icebergs into the tidewaters, but the ice seldom drifts beyond nearby Willard Island. -4-@' _43 Because of the glaciers and the peaks around the bay, this is one of the most scenic areas in the western part of the Sound. A black-legged kittiwake colony in the area should be considered in any land use plan, as they are particularly prone to disturbance. Harbor seals are also found in the bay. 7 N@_.! 41 66 Bomb Point Primary Value: Scenic Associated Value: Recreation As with Sheep Point to the west, Bomb Point represents an area of high scenic value. Bomb Point forms the eastern entrance to Simpson Bay. This Point commands an out- standing view of Orca Bay and Hawkins Is- Latitude: 60' 37'N land. Landward of Bomb Point is Hole-In- the-Wall, a large salt chuck with a narrow Longitude: 145'52'W channel entrance. The Bomb Point area sup- ports both black and brown bear as well as Upland Acres (Hectares): 670 (268) several bald eagle nests. Sea otters har- bor seals, king, tanner, and dungeness Existing Ownership: Federal crab, occur offshore in Simpson Bay. Boat- ANCSA selection (Eyak) ing, camping, hiking, beachcombing, obser- entire ving wildlife, and fishing are activities for which this area is suited. A major shellfishery operates in Simpson Bay. Existing Management: Forest Service managed to maintain scenic values The 1974 Chugach National Forest: Land Use Plan stated that all land use activi- ties in this area should be managed to maintain a scenic view from the state Proposed Management: Scenic Area ferry. 67 A C44 01F AL4SAC,$ Primary Value: Scenic Associated Value: Wildlife Cape St. Elias is noted for its draniatic A large bird colony nearby on Pinnacle Rock landscape; located on the southern-most tip contains such species as puffins and of Kayak Island, the area is ru.-.-ed, with murres. The Cape is the most eastern range extensive beaches for excellent beachcomb- of breeding abundance for tufted puffins ing, and a spectacular vertical white rock, alon- the north Gulf coast of Alaska. Sea Cape St. Elias, rising 1,620 feet above sea lior: also occur in fairly high density in level. The island, approximately 20 miles the area. The Cape was noted by the Forest long by 1.5 miles wide, is accessible only Service in their Chugach National. Forest: by helicopter or small boar in calm seas. Land Use Plan (1974), and recommended that it be established as a National Historic The Cape St. Elias Lighthouse, constructed Landmark. In 1975. a one acre reserve in 1916, adds historic quality and interest around the Cape Saint Elias Lighthouse was to the scenic qualities of the cape. approved for entry on to the National Re- gister of Historic Places. Latitude: 59'471N Longitude: 144*33'W 3,104 (1,242) Upland Acres (Hectares): Existing Ownership: Federal Oil and Gas Lease entire Existing Management: U.S. Coast Guard 'j Lighthouse Reserve Forest Service managed for historic value Proposed Management: Manage for Scenic and Wildlife Values 2.3 F==rM9 0 3.1w, 1A 68 Zt Cclurnb!Q G1 clar Primary Value: Scenic Associated Value: Recreation, Wildlife Latitude: 61*00'N Longitude: 147*05'W Upland Acres (H ecta res): 49,400 (19,760) Existing Ownership: Federal ANCSA selection (Tallitlek) partial Existing Management: Forest Service maintain scenic values Proposed Management: Scenic Area with Public and Private Recreation f A' Columbia Glacier, one of the largest tide- America, pours off water glaciers in North 7._ the flanks of the 10,000 foot peaks of the Chugach Mountains into Columbia Bay. In ontrast to glaciers of the Alaska interior c 94 -4- Y_ which have, in general, receded in recent times, Columbia Glacier, like most coastal claciers, has stayed in approximately the 7@irl Z7 same position since British mariner George Vancouver first mapped it in 1794. Today the Glacier is a popular destination for -state ferries, private cruise vessels, re- r-7 creational watercraft, and charter air- c raft. The bay has a great potential for visitor information services from the state %I A ferries. Relative ease of access to the area enhances its values for scientific study and research. Hundreds of harbor seals rest on icebergs T_ .2 01 in the bay; sea life is abundant here, as 0 cold water promotes the growth of various plankton. Occasional killer whales, por- poises, and other marine rna-m-mals can be seen in the bay choked with icebergs in front of the tidewater terminus. @he gla- cier, around 440 square miles in area, is a major stopping point for the state ferry between Valdez and Whittier, with an esti- mated 21,000 ferry passen.-ers viewing the area and its wildlife in 1972. The area is t@z'- . - - A under study for possible management as a scenic area by the U. S. Forest Service with 52,000 acres managed in a near nazural state. 0 69 Culross Passage Primary Value: Scenic Associated Value: Recreation, Heritage Small boats find this protected narrow twelve-mile-long passage attractive. Im- pressively scenic, it contains many rocky islands and tiny coves. There is good fishing, in the area for king (chinook) and silver salmon. The Forest Service has identified an anchorage near the south en- trance to the passage, and cites the passage and surrounding viewshed for in- clusion in the Nellie Juan Wilderness Study Area because of its scenic qualities. Black bear occur in some of the streams. Other wildlife species known in the area are deer, harbor seal, sea otter, and wintering waterfowl. Its primary value is as a scenic and recreational corridor. Latitude: 60'40'N Longitude: 148'12'W Upland Acres (Hectares): 15,300 (6,120) Existing Ownership: Federal 6 ANCSA 14hl selections Existing Management: Forest Service included in Wilderness Study Area Proposed Management: Scenic Area or Wilderness 70 Decision Point/ Surprise Cove Primary Value: Sceric Associated Value: Recreation Existing Management: Forest Service, portions The area of particular concern includes for State selection and nearby Squirrel Cove and Hollow Bight. Wilderness Study It has been recognized by the Forest Ser- Proposed Management: Wilderness and Scenic vice in their Land Use Plan as an area that Values needs to be protected for its sensitive Latitude: 60'48'N scenic qualities. This point, jutting out into Passage Canal about ten miles from Longitude: 147' 27'W Whittier, is a favorite area for bald eagle sighting from-the state ferry. Upland Acres (Hectares): 2,100 (840) Should Shotgun Cove receive additional re- creation use, the nearby Decision Point area, particularly Squirrel Cove, will also Existing Ownership: Federal increase in popularity. ANCSA selection (Chugach) entire 71 Primary Value: Scenic Associated Value: Recreation Deep Bay is located on the northeastern end of Hawkins Island, about three air .miles north of Cordova. Due to its geo- graDhicall location and the proximity to the state ferry route, this are is parti- cularly sensitive to visual impacts. In 0 addition, because of its proximity to a /00, growing community, it represents a major recreation resource. The bav is surrounded by two scenic points, Knot Point and Salmo Point; one island is the bay with a C.1 situated in the center of number of rocky cliffs. Channel,.North, and Observation Islands are included in this area. From the bay, a visitor can see 'elson .oui into Orca Inlet to the end of _N ------ -Bay-and up Rude River. Several snow-cover- ed peaks of over 4,500 feet altitude, about 10 miles northeast of Deep Bay, add to the grandeur of the site. The U. S. Forest Service has identified the scenic values -V and sensitivities of portions of this area. W K! N 5 S L N D Sea lions concentrate in the area and one archaeolo-ical site is known. Latitude: 6d 361N T., Longitude: 14546'W 2' Upland Acres(Hectares): 2,720 (1,088) Existing Ownership: Federal ANCSA selection (Eyak) entire Forest Service mana-ed to Existing Management: maintain scenic values Proposed Management: Scenic and Recreation bkc Area 72 Elrington Passage Primary Value: Scenic Associated Value: Recreation Latitude: 60'00'N Longitude: 148'05'W Upland Acres (Hectares): 6,600 (2,640) Existing Ownership: Federal Existing Management: Forest Service managed for Scenic Values Proposed Management: Scenic and Recreation Elrington Pass age is a State Ferry route and the preferred passage for boats coming from the west into Prince William Sound. The passage is nine miles long and approx- imately one mile wide. Because of wide commercial and pleasure boat use, the passage should be protected from any de- gradation of visual quality. Since stands of commercial timber are found along both sides of the passage, timber harvest may cause conflicts between timber management land recreational viewing of the area. The object for management should be to protect the visual integrity of the corridor. 73 Psther Passa( @6m Primary Value: Scenic Associated Value: Recreation Esther Passage provides a scenic waterway between Wells Passage and Port '11'ells to the east side of Esther Island in upper Prince William Sound. It is recognized for its particular scenic values because of its steep granite cliffs laced with numerous waterfalls. Some logging at the 'Z degraded northern end of the passage ha the visual quality somewhat; thus future similar imoacts should be considered 60*51'N seriously. Latitude: The protected nature of the waterway rnakes Longitude: 14 7' 5 5 "N it a valuable boatin.- area for boats of all sizes with at least two good anchor- Upland Acres (H ecta res): 14,200 (5,680) ages present. Uses prevalent in the area include hunting, fishing for trout and Existing Ownership: Federal red salmon, camping, sightseeing, and I ANCSA l4hl selection wildlife viewin@. Bears frequent the streams drainin; into the passage; rock- fish and other marine life abound in Port -Wells. Existing Management: Forest Service managed for I scenic values !It is critical for future mana-ers to pro- itect those aesthetic qualities of the 'Passage that are most visible, as Esther @Passa.ge is a popular waterway for recrea- Proposed Management: Scenic Area dn-d tionists. Public Recreation 7 N -E.s t kh e 5 a 0 R S T_ 0 74 Glacier Island Primary Value: Scenic Associated Value: Recreation Glacier Island, composed mostly of granite pillow lava, is often the destination of recreationists arriving by boat and float plane. A number of bays provide at least seven good anchorages, although boaters should take care to avoid some areas of swift tidal currents and fast running rapids. Fox farms operated on this island from 1900 through the late 1920's. A few buildings and many of the old fox feed pens are still visible. In addition, other heritage Latitude: values include two archaeological sires 60'53'N nearby. Sea lions can be seen swimming Longitude: 147'10'W near Outpost Island or Point Freemantle, with other species occurring in the area (3,752) including eagles, harbor seals, otters, Upland Acres(Hectares): 9,380 herring, and a number of sea bird colonies. It is a major tanner crab fishing area as Existing Ownership: Federal well. 4 ANCSA 14hl selections Because of the proximity of the island to the route of the state ferry, it has scenic values that could be impacted; the Land Use Existing Management: Forest Service Multiple Use Planning Commission has identified the en- northern shoreline managed tire upper Prince William Sound area as for scenic values having medium to high scenic and high wild- Proposed Management: Scenic Area and Public erness values. Recreation 75 Gravina Point Primary Value: Scenic Associated Value: Recreation A large low-lying point of land, Gravina Point represents a high visual sensitivity to both state ferry passengers and recrea- tional boaters. Should a liquified natural gas plant be constructed on this point as proposed, special consideration as to facility design and location should be taken to minimize the visual impacts of Latitude: 60' 38'N such a development. Longitude: 146'15'W With several streams, lakes, and a sand- spit on the-southern portion of the Point, Upland Acres (H ecta res): 9,630 (3,852) this area possesses wide recreational op- portunities. Existing Ownership: Federal ANCSA selection. (Chugach) Black bear and Sitka black-tailed deer have entire been observed foraging on the shore by ferry passengers. A small kittiwake colo- ny is located within the area which should Existing Management: Forest Service managed be protected with use and development buf- for Scenic Values Proposed Management: Continue present Harbor seals haul out in the area. management status 76 p Harriman Fiord A;:4 Primary Value: Scenic '001 Associated Value: Recreation Several mountains (Muir and Gilbert) rising to 10,000 feet, tidewater glaciers, and icebergs provide outstanding scenery for boaters and sightseers by small plane from Anchorage who view the area. Of eleven major glaciers here, Harriman Glacier is the most spectacular, 300 feet high at its face. Ice calving from this glacier drifts in and out with tZe tides. Besides oppor- tunities for sport fishing and viewing glaciers, visitors can explore the ne:rby Latitude: 6 1' 0 2 '-N Sweepstake Mine and aerial tramway built Longitude: 143* 21'W in 1917. A black-legged kittiwake colony is present Upland Acres', Hectares): 101,000 (40,400) on the north side of the fiord, with harbor seals concentrating at its head. The mrost Existing Ownership: Federal northern group of sea otters on the conti- nent occurs in the fiord as well. Commer- cial fisheries operate in fall and winter for blue and king crab. Harriman Fiord is presently under study by the Forest Ser- Existing Management: Forest Service managed for vice for possible designation as a 102,000 scenic values acre scenic area to be managed in a near Bureau of Land Management natural state. Proposed Management: Scenic Area 7;- -17 ro@@_@ /* 'X 4 p-@ _X_ rt"' 7-77 P yl Al Q mom% 0 Ll- 7W 77 a L Z3@ *I C ly C Primary Value: Scenic Associated Value: Recreation, Wildlife Icy Bay and associated Nassau Fiord, two highly scenic bodies of water in the wes- itern portion of Prince William Sound, are best known for their tidewater glaciers. :Upon entering Icy Bay, a recreational boater is struck first by the great number of ice blocks floating throughout Icy Bay and Nassau Fiord. Tiger Glacier and Chene- ga Glacier reach down from the Sargent Ice- field to the waters of Icy Bay and Nassau ,Fiord, providing a scenic backdrop for pleasure boating. This area has been in- cluded in the Nellie Juan Wilderness Study Area. There are two small coves that provide good anchorages. Both glaciers are active tide- water glaciers, and small boats should be X- cautious of glacial calving while anchoring in the bay. There is a high density of harborseals in 2- addition to sea otters; goats range in the uplands. Commercial shrimp fishing occurs A at the entrance to Nassau Fiord. Four bird colonies nearby, consisting of black-legged kittiwakes, horned puffins, and other seabirds, are susceptible to dis- from loud noises, low flying air- turbance craft, or human harassment. These bird colonies, numbering over 2,000 birds each represent some of the highest densities of kittiwakes in the Prince William Sound area. Future land use activities in the bay should allow for ample buffer zones K-. around these colonies. 60'15@N Latitude: Longitude: 148*17'W Upland Acres(Hectares): 24,500 (9,800) 7, - Existing Ownership: Federal ANCSA selection (Chenega) partial 3 ANCSA 14hl selections Q@' - Existing Management: Forest Service, included in Wilderness Study Area _IiF Proposed Management- Wilderness or Public and/or Private Recreation .78 Knowles Head Primary Value: Scenic Associated Value: Wildlife Latitude: 60' 41'N As a prominent headland on-the Cordova- Longitude: 146'38'W Valdez marine highway course, Knowles Head is an important scenic resource for not Upland Acres(Hectares): 5,363 (2,145) only ferry travelers, but also recreational boaters. The Knowles Head area is included Existing Ownership: Federal in an overall area identified by the Land ANCSA selection (Tatitlek) Use Planning Commission as possessing both entire scenic and primitive area values. Like- wise, the Forest Service has identified this area to be managed for its scenic qualities. Existing Management: Forest Service managed for Scenic Values Sea lions are known to concentrate in the Knowles Head area. Proposed Management: Continue present 79 management status 115V COK Primary Value: Scenic Associated Value: Recreation This point is primarily recognized for its Latitude: 6T 46'-N scenic location jutting into Wells Passa.ge. In addition to rocky cliffs with spruce- Lonaitude: 148'23'T hemlock type vegetation, a numnber of in- viting lakes lend to the scenic quality Upland Acres (H ecta res): 3,200 (1,280) and provide for a wide range of recreation- al activities. Mountain goat inhabit the and porpoises peaks above Cochrane Bay, Existing Ownership: Ferlera*f are sometimes seen of *f the point. Sur- Existing Management: Forest Service, included prise Cove provides a good anchorage for in Wilderness Study Area boating enthusiasts. Proposed Management: Wilderness or public Recreation \S I st-& Pr 0 < 77 22' AZ /* 0 ;4 Irwm@" JK 0 80 Pt. Pigot/ r> Entr,.y Cove 0j j Of ALASk,4 'r/I Primary Value: Scenic Associated Value: Recreation This area is an attractive and visually sensitive point of land. Entry Cove pro- vides a good anchorage for boats as it is protected from winds and has a good mud- holding bottom. P-c. Pigot was named by Vancouver in 1794 for one of his midshipmen. Between October and June king salmon may be caught near Point Pigot. Bald eagles nest in the area, and black bear and harbor seal are fairly abundant. Latitude: 60*48'N Longitude: 148* 21 ",V Upland Acres (Hectares): 1,250 (500) -25. Existing Ownership: Federal Existing Management: Forest Service managed to maintain scenic values Scenic*Area Proposed Management- (Liz- C, 0 IK %A 81 "AUG=. look Primary Value: Scenic Associat-d Value: Recreation SheeD Point forms the southern headland for the Sheep Bay entrance. The primary value of this area is its scenic qualities; in addition, several offshore islands and protected coves also offer recreational opportunities. Latitude: 60'37'N Three anadromous salmon streams have led to concentrations of black bear on the Longitude: 146'00'W point. Crab fisheries are located in the bays on both sides of Sheep Point. Upland Acres(Hectares): 3,230 (1,292) The remains of a Native campsite is Existing Ownership: Federal evidenced by the existence of a midden. ANCSA selection (Eyak) This site is thought to be of fairly recent' entire origin. The 1974 Chugach National Forest: Land Existing Management: Forest Service managed Use Plan stated that all land use activi- for Scenic Values ties in this area should be manaaed to maintain a scenic view from the state Proposed Management: Continue present ferry. management status -J@ 4.. 17 0@ ISI 311 Pt 0 I-K 3A 82 Valdez Approaches Primary Value: Scenic Associated Value: Recreation The shoreline and mountain sides on both sides of Port Valdez and Valdez Arm are an important scenic resource. Sightseers aboard a state ferry, as well as recrea- tional boaters, continually view these areas while entering and leaving Valdez. Potato and Entrance Points are particular- ly sensitive as they collectively form Valdez Narrows. The Port Valdez area has been noted by the U. S. Forest Service for its recreational Latitude: 61'04'N values. The Land Use Planning Commission has identified much of this area as Longitude: 146'40'W possessing medium to high scenic and high wilderness values. Upland Acres(Hectares):-21,000 (8,400) Wildlife and birds abound in the area. Existing Ownership: Federal Both Port Valdez and Valdez Arm are also important sport fishing areas. Sport Existing Management: Forest Service for Scenic anglers travel by small boat from Valdez Bureau of Land Management to take advantage of the good fishing for pink and silver salmon and halibut. Proposed Management: Scenic Area 83 West Knight Island Primary Value: Scenic Associated Value: Recreation The western shoreline of Knight Island in Latitude: 60'20'N western Prince William Sound between Mummy Bay on the south and Lower Herring Bay to Longitude: 147'55'W the north contains outstanding ccastal scenic qualities. Aside from numerous Upland Acres(Hectares): 11,600 (4,640) bays of various sizes and shapes, offshore islands and rocks add to the coastal land- Existing Ownership: Federal scape. Long Channel, some eleven miles in 8 ANCSA 14hl selections length, provides for the safe passage of small boats through the area. Protected waters in several areas could allow for safe float plane landings. Existing Management: Forest Service Multiple Use This area possesses excellent opportunities for kayaking or canoeing and observing wildlife and the area's unique landforms. Proposed Management: Public Recreation and Scenic Area 84 Coastal heritage areas of particular concern may re- present either archaeologic (prehistory) or historic (post-European contact) resouces which represent signi- ficant events or periods in human use of the coastline. While some of these areas may possess recreational, scenic or heritage resources, the primary management emphasis should be the stabilization and restoration of the heritage resource. Cape Hinchinbrook Lighthouse Primary Value: Heritage Associated Value: Recreation Marking the entrance to Prince William Sound, Cape Hinchinbrook Lighthouse is the only principle light in Southcentral Alas- kan waters. Construction of the lighthouse began in 1909 and was completed a year later. Although it was thought to be a practically indestructable lighthouse, the light station had to be rebuilt in 1934 because of an earthquake that destroyed the rock foundation. Although currently unoccupied, the light- house has provided invaluable service to commerce in Prince William Sound: fish- eries, steamship lines, barges loaded with ore from the world's largest copper mines at Kennecott, ships bearing oil from Ka- talla, were all aided by the new light- house. Nomination of Kennecoct Mines to the National Register of Historic Places is awaiting final action by the National Park Service in Washington, D. C., and the Katalla Refinery Site is on the Na- tional Register. The lighthouse itself should be considered a heritage site be- cause of its statewide historical signifi- cance. The 5,000 acre lighthouse reservation offers opportunities for higking, beachcomb- ing, camping, and oberservation of wildlife. Should this reservation becom avialable, the Division of Parks should consider in- corporation of this area into the Alaska State Park System. Latitude: 60'14'N Longitude: 147'37' Upland Acres(Hectares): 56,000 (2,240) Existing Ownership: Federal ANCSA selection (Chugach) partial 1 ANCSA 14hl selection Existing Mangement: U.S. Coast Guard Lighthouse Proposed Mangeement: Heritage and Recreation 87 Cape St. Elias L 19 h ih o u s e air AL4sk4 Primary Value: Heritage WIN Associated Value: Scenic Although reportedly unoccupied and down- graded to a minor light in the summer of 1974, Cape St. Elias Lighthouse has long played an important role in the history of Alaska navi-ation. Named by Vitus Bering Latitude: 59'4S'N in July, 1714, Cape St. Elias is an impor- tant landmark for Alaska and widely re- Longitude: 14@r 36*W garded as "one-of the most dangerous points along the entire coast" until 1912. Upland Acres(Hectares)- 490 (196) After appropriation of funds, the light- house was constructed in 1916. Currently hip. Federal Existing Owners it is the only facility now in existence oil and Gas Lease on the island. Existing Management: U.S. Coast Guard Never rebuilt, the Cape St. Eli-as Light- Lighthouse house is situated on 490 acres of light- Proposed Management: Heritage and Scenic house reservation. Kayak Island in its Area entirety is highly scenic and possessing historic values; the Cape with its light- house is the only historic place that can be located at present. The area was noted by the Forest Service in their Land Use Plan (1974). It was added to +.he National Register of Historic Places 18 December 1975. > 7 P, 0 A P ra 9 t 7 1 a 1 4 h d y e e 0 u d C d _t h a a 1 k as n j an t r a d a a P f te A p 0 , us h 88 Ellamar Primary Value: Heritage Associated Value: Scenic Latitude: 60' 54'N Longitude: 146' 42'W Upland Acres (H ect, res): 420 (168) Existing Ownership: Federal ANCSA selection (Tatitlek) entire Existing Management Forest Service mana-ed for Scenic Values Proposed Management:Heritage Area The old copper mining town of Ellamar, si- tuated at the foot of massive Copper Moun- tain, was established around 1898 to develop copper ore. Active mining conti- nued until about 1919; in succeeding years, fish canneries operated until sometime after 1940. Many of the virtually abandon- ed old buildings are visible for many miles away with the aid of binoculars. Residents of Tatitlek, a nearby Native village, use the offshore waters for commercial fishng. In addition to a Russian Orthodox Church in the village, there are four nearby arch- aeological sites. Ellamar is located within a section of coastline extending from Rocky Point to Bidarki Point which the Forest Service has identified as possessing scenic values worthy of special management. Because of the proximity of Ellamar to the village of Tatitlek, land use decisions concerning this area should be coordinated with the local residents. 89 Fort Constantine Primary Value: Heritage Associated Value: Recreation,Wildlife Fort Constantine near Nuchek was the site of the first Russian outpost of the Three- Saints-Bay Settlement (on Kodiak Island) in Alaska. It was a strategic location for the sea otter pelt trade. A Chugach Eskimo village grew up around the post and has been important in the study by inves- Latitude: 60'20'N tigators of cultural change. Another site Longitude: 146'39'W at the head of Constantine Harbor has yielded Russian artifacts, and two others nearby are sites of several pithouses and Upland Acres(Hectares): 50 (20) middens where various tools and a human femur have been excavated. Existing Ownership: Federal I ANCSA selection (Chugach) A fifth site on the.north shore of Con- entire stantine Harbor is the location of the oldest village in the sound according to one Chugach Native. After Russian occupa- Existing Management: Forest Service tion, the last remaining Native inhabitant Land Use Study Pending moved from this village site and founded the present village of Nuchek. Proposed Management: Heritage Site 90 Primary Value: Heritage In 1896, the first petroleum claims in Latitude: 60*11'N -Alaska were staked on what is now private land near th4s unit. Alaska's oil industrv Longitude: 14 47 2 7 'W began in 190@ with a small refinery on Ka-- talla Slough to process the crude oil. Upland Acres (Hectares): 380 (152) T'he Chilkat Oil Company Refinery Site was entered on the National Register of His- Existing Ownership: Federal toric Places September 6, 1974. Although ANCSA selection (Chu.-ach) a fire at th@ refinery in 1933 halted op- eratJons, some of the old railroad beds Existing Management: Forest Service managed and buildings are still evident in the for historic preservation area. Proposed Management: Herita.ge Site The refinery location should be protected from any potential damage because of its historical significance. Access to this area at present is by plane or boat, but there is a planned road through the unit which could be important in developing this site as a historic landmark with potential as a visito; interpretation site after stabilization and reconstruction of 7 the site. 444 Pt 0 1K _tA 91 4 6+3j Primary Value: Heritage Associated Value: Scenic, Recreation Located .5 mile north of-'Kiniklik Island and 37 miles northeast of Whittier in Latitude: 60*51'N upper Prince William Sound, Kiniklik is the site of a Chugach Eskimo Native Longitude: 147'37'W village, abandoned in the -1890's. Old pilings and debris mark the former site of Upland Acres (Hectares): 930 (3712) a Russian Orthodox log church and several houses. Five archaeological sites in the Existing Ownership: Bureau of Land 1 lanagement immediate vicinity attest to heritage 2 ANCSA 14hl selections values of statewide significance. In addition to heritage values, the area is highly scenic because of its location Existing Management: Forest Service managed on the coast, visible by ferry, small boat, for Scenic Values or plane. A number of islands and rocks jutting from Eaglek Bay and Unakwik Inlet provide potentiall for exploratory boating, in addition to providing a good anchorage. Proposed Management: Heritage Area 71@@- 3 7. k" 7 -Y. @En '4@ -1K 1A 92 Mummy Island Primary Value: Heritage Associated Value: Wildlife Six archaeological sites have been identi- Ified on Mummy Island. While the remains of several house pits are thought to occur here, early use of Mummy Islands was pri- marily as a burial ground. A sea bird colony is located nearby on Pinnacle Rocks with a large population of black-legged kittiwakes. This colony should be fully considered in land use plans for the area, as these sea birds are particularly sensi- tive to human disturbance. Latitude: 60'28'N Longitude: 146'00'W Upland Acres (Hectares): 173 (69) Existing Ownership: Federal ANCSA selection (Eyak) entire Existing Management: Forest Service Multiple Use, Archaeological sites protected Proposed Management: Heritage Area 93 Palugik Primary Value: Heritage Latitude: 60' 28'N Palugvik, five miles east of Canoe Passage on Hawkins Island, was proposed as a Longitude: 146'11'W National Historic Landmark and is currently listed on the National Register of Historic Upland Acres (Hectares): 50 (20) Places. The most extensive and most exca- vated site in Prince William Sound to date, Existing Ownership: Federal it supplies evidence of a long-established ANCSA l4hl selection Eskimo occupation and culture on the Paci- fic basin islands of southern Alaska, and clarifies the relationship of the Eskimo to the Tlingit Indians who also lived in the Existing Management: Forest Service area. Archaeological site Proposed Management: Heritage Site 94 Port Chalmers Primary Value: Heritage Associated Value: Wildlife, Recreation and Scenic This bay is located on the north side of Latitude: 60, 15' N Montague Island in a scenic bay dotted with offshore islands and composed of most- Longitude: 147'13'W ly rolling, non-commercial forest land, dotted with muskeg and pothole lakes. Al- Upland Acres(Hectares): 19,500 (7,800) though the earthquake of 1964 uplifted the other end of Montague Island approximately Existing Ownership: Fede r al 35 feet, the Port Chalmers area was uplift- 1 ANCSA 14hl selection ed only five feet. This unit therefore contains some of the best salmon streams Existing Management: Forest Service managed for Fish, Wildlife. and and brown bear habicat on Montague Island. It is also a popular area for Sitka black- Recreation tailed deer hunting and fur-bearer trap- Proposed Management: Heritage, Wildlife, Fish, ping. The beach is an adequate landing Recreation and Scenic site, with a Forest Service cabin nearby. Access is now limited to boat and aircraft; however, as more recreational use is made of Prince William Sound, the offshore is- lands area should become increasingly im- portant. This area, included in the Forest Service Land Use Plan (1974), has high wilderneness and medium to high scenic values, Part of Montague Island has been proposed by the National Park Service as a National Natural Landmark. Further, Port Chalmers was one of Vancouver's landing sites. Two archaeological sites are nearby. The area is scenic and has certain primi- tive values appropriate for hiking and camping. There are numerous opportunities for nature viewing including an abundance of sea otters and harbor seals. Whales are often seen in the Montague Strait. 95 Sawmill Bay Primary Value: Heritage Associated Value: Recreation Sawmill Bay, located on the eastern shore of Evans Island, was formerly the site of the largest cluster of canneries in the Sound. At least a dozen buildings, now abandoned, remind the visitor that this area supported the largest population of the Sound at one point in history. These buildings are spread out around the bay and provide interesting opportunities for exploration. In addition, much of the area is rich in local lore and legend. For this reason, its primary significance is as a heritage site. Since the bay lies at the northern end of Elrington Passage, it is a convenient anch- orage for those boats traveling through the passage. Both Montague Straits and Knight Island Passage are two of the better areas for whale observation in the Sound. In addition, several streams in the area are noted for concentrations of bears. Sea otters abound in high density in the waters of the bav. The area is also located across the bay from Latouche, a former mining area, and currently listed as an archaeological site. these heritage and recreation values make Sawmill Bay an extremely interesting place to visit. Currently the Natives from Chenega are moving their village to Crab Bay on the north side of Sawmill Bya. Latitute: 60'03'N Longitude: 148'00'W Upland Acres(Hectares) 3,411 (1,364) Existing Ownershipe Federal Private ANCSA selection (Chenega) entire Existing Management: Forest Service managed for community development Aquaculture Facility Proposed Mangement: Historic Preservation, Public/Private Recreation Commerical Development 96 Snug Corner Cove Primary Value: Heritage Associated Value: Recreation, Scenic Latitude: 60'44'N Longitude: 146' 3 9 W Upland Acres (H ectares): 3,740 (1,496) Existing Ownership: Federal ANCSA selection (Tatitlek) entire Existing Management: Forest Service While Snug Corner Cove offers small boat Multiple Use anchorages, it is probably best known as the anchorage used by Captain James Cook Proposed Management: Public and/or Private during the eight day lay-up and repair of Heritage and Recreation the H.M.S. Resolution in 177S. Nearby Bligh Island was named after one of Cook's crew members, William Bligh, involved with the mutiny on the H.M.S. Bounty in 1789. Bell Island, located approximately one mile to the west of Snug Corner Cove, serves as a sea bird colony for glacous- wiaged gulls and arctic terns. The shores of !his island are regularly used by har- bor seals as a haul-out area. Snug Corner Cove is easily accessible by float plane or small boat from either Cor- dova or Valdez. 97 West Central Kayak Island Primary Value: Heritage Associated Value: Wildlife, Scenic Kayak Island is generally recognized as the discovery point of Alaska. It was visited by Vitus Bering and George Stellar, natura- list, in 1741. In addition, it was visited Latitude: 59' 53'N by Cook in 1788 when he landed and buried a bottle with an appropriate note and two Longitude: 144' 29'W small pieces of silver in the vicinity of west central Kayak Island. Upland Acres(Hectares): 3,320 (1,292) From data uncovered by investigators, it Existing Ownership: Federal is possible to trace with a great degree Oil and Gas Lease !of accuracy the movements of the expedition along the Alaskan coast. The observations Existing Management: Forest Service Multiple made by Stellar, as recorded in his jour- Use nal, are the first made by a white person in Alaska, and the only written record of Proposed Management: Heritage Area a trained naturalist's observations of this area prior disruption by the Russian fur traders in the late 18tb century. The Bering-Stellar Landing Site has been pro- posed for the National Register of Historic Places and is currently (June 1977) await- ing final action by the National Park Ser- vice. Brown bear and wolverine are present on this portion of the island, as well as a bird colony of medium size. Opportunities for beachcombing and crab fishing are, numerous. The whole island is of high wilderness value. 98 Although the evaluation of wilderness and scientific research areas is generally beyond the scope of this report, the following areas have been identified I through a literature review and should be considered for area of particular concern designations. Wilder- ness areas include those portions of the coastline where the effects of prior human activity are non-ex- istent or unnoticeable. The remains of an old dock or a 19th century cannery may or may not prohibit an area from being considered as possessing high wilderness quality, since few areas remain in% totally untram- meled state. The degree of wilderness is relative and subjective, since decisions often must be made as to whether remains of past human activity constitute lit- ter or artifacL. The designation of an area in this document as having a primary value of wilderness does not necessarily indicate a proposal for addition of the area into the National Wilderness Preservation Sys- tem. Land use actions.which may lower an area's poten- Itial for consideration as wilderness should not be un- Idertaken until such time as a comprehensive study of the area can be completed. ;Scientific areas of particular concern represent those locations where relatively long term and ongoing re- search is occurring. Also included are those areas J where a particular natural feature or ecological sys- tem is in need of preservation for the purposes of monitoring an environmental baseline; inducing changes to observe responses; or for educational purposes. These areas might thus be set aside under a concept such as the ecological reserve system which has re- ceived support from the Land Use Planning Commission. Two areas, Olsen Bay and Port Valdez, have been identi- D" fied as important long term and ongoing research areas. Six areas, including Olsen Bay, have been identified for inclusion into a statewide system of ecological re- serves. These areas include Middleton Island, Macleod Harbor, Hanning Bay Tectonic Deformation Olsen Bay, College Fiord, and Prince @'Vlilliam Sound 'Approaches. it has been proposed that these areas be managed by the existing management agency or landowner in a manner AV which protects the ecological integrity for scientific and educational purposes. Specific acreages and boun- daries have not yet been determined. Nellie Juan Primary Value: Wilderness Associated Value: Recreation. Scenic, and Wildlife The western sector of Prince William Sound is currently being studied for possible inclusion in the National Wilderness Pre- servation System by the Forest Service. Latitude: 60'30'N After completion of the study and recommen- dations, Congress may consider the pro- 148'17'W posal. In the interim, no timber sales, Longitude: grazing permits, roads, pilings, etc., will Upland Acres (Hectares): 703,000 (281,200) be allowed; mineral access and special uses will be permitted as long as wilderness Existing Ownership: Federal values are not jeopardized. Out of a total ANCSA selection (Chenega) of 703,000 acres in the wilderness study partial area, 530,000 are currently administered 27 ANCSA 14hl selections by the Forest Service. Scenic and recreational values of the Existing Management: Forest Service Wilderness Nellie Juan area are important to recrea- Study Area, 173,000 acres tionists from Anchorage. Access is mostly managed bv BLM by boat via Seward or Whittier or by float Proposed Management: Wilderness plane landing. The shoreline of this area is approximately 560 miles, most of which is forested. Wilderness values of this entire area were rated high by the Land Use Planning Commission in their statewide study and scenic values were rated good with selected areas possessing high quali- ties. Most of western Prince William Sound has been glaciated within the last few thousand years. Some areas have been subjected to the advance and retreat of glaciers several t imes. Glaciation has left its mark in the form of U-shaped valleys, many with glaciers or glacial remnants at their heads. One of the larger icefields in Alaska is partially in the area. Deposits of till in various forms such as moraine, drumlins, eskers, and kames, and water- sorted outwash deposits such as gravel terraces and alluvial fans are found wherever this ice has passed. Often these features are intimately associated with and rise above low-lying, swampy areas, present day streams, and outcrops of underlying bedrock. In general, the poorly drained mineral and organic soil appear to dominate over the better soils in the unit. Eco- systems in this area include lakes, estua- rine, riverine, alpine, glacier-icefield, in r iverin, and coastal western hemlock/Sitka spruce forest. If this area is designated wilderness either by Congress subsequent to Forest Service studies and recommendations or by Congress under 39 introduced by Udall this year which proposes it as "instant wilderness", it is anticipated that attten- tiona to this arew wwill draw more recrea- tional visitors. The Prince William Sound area as a whole will receive increases in recreation use due to growth of the population of south- central Alaska, more lesiure time, income, and mobility of that population, as well as local factors including construction of a small boat harbor as Whittier and increased visitor use of the Alaska Marine Highway ferry betwwn Whitter and Valdez. Other interests in the area include demand for state selections of lands to allow for commercial and private development near forest communities, and and pressure from local mills for commercial timber, sales (the study area contains about 26,000 acres of productive forest land). More than a dozen areas discussed in this document are included within the geographi- ical area of this unit and are discussed individually according to the primary values. 101 IL r "Idi 77w,l A ly, 41l C Ulf, .. NA % I,J lp, 4 Gil, s ...... J@ii qt@ 4t m ni Ir k, 17, L7 N-I A Z Z ........... --- Olsen Bay Primary Value: Scentific Associated Value: Scenic, Recreation Olsen Bay is located on the northern shore- line of Port Gravina. Olsen Bay is an im- portant scientific area with fish- and wife-related research ongoing since 1954 by both state and federal agencies. 3 Olsen Bay supports a wide variety of ma- rine and upland wildlife. Brown bear are known to concentrate on both forks of Ol- sen Bay Creek, known for runs of anadro- mou f i s h .Several known bald eagle nests are in the area. Harbor seals concentrate throuhout the bay. The subtidal area supports dungeness crab. Numerous peaks in the 2,000 to 3,000 foot range surround the bay. Several archaeological sites are located along the shores of the bay. While the primary value of this area is its wildlife and ongoing scientific re- search, these values also present recrea- tion opportunities. However, only limited recreation uses or those which do not in- terfere with wildlife habitat and research efforts should be allowed. The 1974 Chuzach National Forest: Land Use Plan re- commends that this area be protected as a scientific study area. Latitude: 60'44'N Longitude: 146'13'W Upland Acres(Hectares): 8,300 (3,320) Existing Ownership: Federal ANCSA selection (Tatitlek) partial 2 ANCSA 14hl selections Existing Management: Forest Service managed as Research Area Proposed Management: Research Area 105 Primary Value: Scien[ific Associated Value: Wildlife, Scenic and. Recreazion The National Marine Fisheries Service is collecting baseline data within Port Val- Latitude: . 61' 04*-N dez to measure any changes in the aquatic Longitude: 146* 30'W system due to the activities at the trans-- :Alaska oil pipeline terminal. Any present or future activities in the area could dis- Upland Acres (H ecta res): 40,000 ('16,000) turb, or discredit, the essential baseline information. Existing Ownership: Federal City The unit is directly across from the town Privare of Valdez and contributes to a panorama of ANCSA selection high veaks, glaciers, muskegs, alpine meadows, timber, and ocean. Port.Valdez is Existing Management: Forest Service Research 12 miles long and two and one-half to three Area, Pipeline Terminal imiles wide. In addition to scientific Facilitv :study, a concentration of boating and other recreational use occurs in the area because of its proximity to the community of Val- Proposed Management: Control Developments to dez. facilitate monitoring efforts @A V_ EZ T j Y 2, Ea, L@F 0- T ----------- F FIG 1.06 The following scientific areas have been proposed as Ecological Reserves:* Olsen_@aX - SC10 Province: Pacific Border Ranges and Marine Location: 60 43"N, 146 12'W (Cordova quad.) Size: Not determined Land Status: U. S. Forest Service Description: This is an area where a great deal of baseline data have been generated from many ecological studies conducted in the past. Therefore, this site will be of extreme importance in evaluating the effects of recent Alyeska pipeline construction in the area. Wildlife found here include harbor seal, brown bear, mountain goat, deer, and wolf. In addition, seabirds, winter in this area. Prince William Sound Approaches - SC11 Province: Pacific Border Ranges and Marine Location: 60 OO'N, 146 00'W (Middleton Island and Cordova quads.) Size: Not determined Land Status: Federal Description: Diverse and rich marine fauna and flora. This area supports coastal and offshore fisheries, and it will be transversed daily by supertankers transporting Prudhoe Bay crude to the West Coast or other ports. Hazardous seafaring areas, biologically highly sensitive to oil pollution. Middleton Island - SC12 Province: Pacific Border Ranges and Marine Location: 59 26'--,\T , 146 20'11V (Middleton Island quad.) Size: Not determined Land Status: Federal Aviation Administration/Coast Guard Description: This is a unique island, located approx- imately at the junction of the continen- tal shelf and continental slope, which displays six wave-planed surfaced indi- cating mixed stages of uplift. There is an unusually large population of feral white rabbits. Joint Federal-State Land Use Planning Commission for Alaska. 1973. "A Proposal for an Ecological Reserve System for Alaska". Resource Planning Team, Anchorage, Alaska. 107 Hanning Bay Tectonic Deformation SC16 Province: Pacific Border Ranges and Marine Location: 59 147 421W (Blying Sound quad.) ?D Size: Not determined Land Status: U. S. Forest Service Description: This area underwent a 30-foot vertical displacement during the 1964 earthquake and may be of extensive importance in studying the transition of ocean floor into a terrestrial community. MacLeod Harbor - SC17 Province: Pacific Border Ranges and Marine Location: 59 5312N, 147 15'W (Blying Sound quad.) Size: Not determined Land Status: U. S. Forest Service Description: This area, located on the southwest coast of Montague Island, is character- ized by raised bog, upland forest, and alpine tundra in relatively close proximity. Wildlife present includes harbor seal, brown bear (concentrated along the streams), deer, and wolverine.. Seabirds also make use of the area in winter. College Fiord - SC18 Province: Pacific Border Ranges and "@Iarine Location: 61 05'N, 147 55'W (Anchorage quad.) Size: 37,120 acres (15,-020 ha)' Land Status: U. S. Forest Service Description: This magnificent area, located in a unique setting deep within -the Chugach C, Mountains, offers not only an excellent example of a fiord, but a large lake (Lake Coghill), a series of subdued ridges, and an alluvial outwash fan as well. Glacial studies have been con- ducted to determine why some glaciers are advancing and others are retreating. 108 Bibliography Alaska Department of Fish and Game. 1975. Alaska Fish and Wildlife Inventory of the Northeast Gulf of Alaska. Prepared for the Alaska Coastal Management Program, Division of Policy Development and Planning, Juneau. 1975. "Distribution and Abundance of Sea Otters, Stellar Sea Lions and Harbor Seals in Prince William Sound" by Kenneth Pritchard. Anchorage, Alaska. 1975. "A Critical Analysis of Some Razor Clam Populations in Alaska" by Richard Nickerson. Anchorage, Alaska. 1976. "Coastal Environment from Cape Suckling to Nuka Island". Paper prepared for the Alaska Coastal Management Program, Division of Policy Development and Planning, Juneau. 1973. Alaska's Wildlife and Habitat. R. LeResche and R. Hinman (Eds.), , Van Cleve Printing, Anchorage, Alaska. Alaska Division of Parks, Office of History and Archaeology. 1974. Aids to Navigation in Alaska History. Anchorage, Alaska. Office of History and Archaeology. Alaska's Heritage Resource 1973-1983. Anchorage, Alaska. 1977. Coastal Recreation Resources: Cordova, Alaska. Prepared for Alaska Coastal Management Program, Division of Policy Development and Planning, Juneau. Alaska Division of Parks. Anchorage, Alaska. Clark, John. 1974. Coastal Ecosystems: Ecological Considerations for Management of the Coastal Zone. The Conservation Foundation Washington, D. C. de Laguna, Frederica. 1956. Chugach Prehistory: The Archaeology of Prince William Sound, Alaska. University of Washington-Press. Seattle, Washington. Ducsik, Dennis. 1974. Shoreline for the Public: A Handbook of Social, Economic, and Legal Considerations Regarding Public Use of the Nation's Coastal Shoreline. MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts. 109 Mull, Gil and George Plafker. 1976. "The First Russian Landings in Alaska". Alaska Journal, Summer 1976. Alaska 'Northwest Publishing Company. Edmonds, Washington. Scheffer, V. B. 1972. "Marine Mammals in the Gulf Of Alaska." and D. Rosenberg (ed.). A Review o--'L' the OceanograT)hy and Renewable Resources of the Northern Gulf of Alaska. institute for Marine Stud-le's, University of Alaska, Fair- banks, Alaska. Selkregg, L. (ed.). 1974. Southcentral Region: Regional Profile. Arctic Environmental Information and Data Center. ,Anchorage, Alaska. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. 1974. Final Environmental Statement: Chugach National Forest Land Use Plan. Anchorage, Alaska. , Forest Service. 1972. "Small Boat Recreation Study and Short Term Development Plan for Upper Prince William Sound". Forest Service, Juneau. U. S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration. 1977. United States Coast Pilot Number Nine, Pacific and Arcti Coasts, Alaska: Cape Spencer to Beafort Sea. Eighth Edition. Washington, D. C. , National Oceanogrphic and Atmospheric Administration. (No date.) "Seasonal Distribution and Relative Abundance of Marine Mammals in the Gulf of Alaska." Clifford Fiscus et. al. 1976. National Oceanographic and Atmospheric C> Administration. "Baseline Studies of Demersal Resources of the Northern Gulf of Alaska Shelf and Slope." Walter Pereyra and Loel Ronholt. U. S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land 11anagement, Alaska OCS Office. 1975. Outer Continental Shelf Proposed Oil and Gas Leasing in the.Northern Gulf of Alaska: Final Environmental Impact Statement. (Four volumes.) Anchorage, Alaska. Fish and Wildlife Service. 1977. "A Survey of Cestaceans of Prince William Sound and Adjacent Vicinity: Their Numbers and Seasonal Movements". John Hall. Anchorage, Alaska. Fish and Wildlife Service. 1976. "Preliminary Catalogue of Seabird Coloni es and Photographic 14apping of Seabird Colonies." Annual Report, Calvin Lensink and James Bartonek. Anchorage, Alaska. National Park Service, Office of Archaeology and L Historic Preservation. 1975. The National Register. Pro.-ram. (Two volumes.) National Register of Historic Places, Washington, D. C. 110 Feder, H. and G. Mueller. 1972. "The Intertidal Region of the Gulf of Alaska''. A Review of the OceqLnogra-chv and Renewable Resources of the North Gulf of Alaska. E. H. Rosenberg (Ed.). institute of Marine Sciences. University of Alaska, Fairbanks, Alaska. Ford, Corey. 1966. Where the Sea Bre'aks Its Back. Little, Brown & Co.. Boston. Grumman Ecosystems Corporation. 1971. Management Planning for the Prince William Sound Region: Phase I, Perspective of Findings and Recommendations. Anchorage, Alaska. Hood, (Ed.). (No date.) Environmental Studies of Port Valdez. Institute of Marine Sciences, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, Alaska. Hennings, Robert A. et. al. (editors). 1975. Alaska Geographic: Prince William Sound. Volume 2 Number 3. Alaska N-orth- west Publishing Compnay. Edmonds, Washington. Isleib, M. and B. Kessel. 1973. Birds of the North Gulf Coast Prince William Sound Region, Alaska. Biological Paper _1714, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, Alaska. Johannsen, Neil and Elizabeth Johannsen. 1975. ExDloring C1. Alaska's Prince William Sound,- Its Fiords, Islands, Glaciers and 11,,ildlife. Alaska Travel Publications, Inc. Anchorage, Alaska. Joint Federal-State Land Use Planning Commission for Alaska. 1974. Resources Inventory, Southcentral Re-Jon. Resources L Planning Team, Anchorage, Alaska. . 1973. "A Proposal for an Ecological Reserve System for Alaska". Resource Planning Team, Anchorage, C, Alaska. 1974. Resources Inventorv in Southcentral Region: Recreatio n and Preservation Opportunities (Pre- liminary Draft) by Richard J.- Stendmark and Thomas H. Schroder. Anchorage, Alaska. Josephson, Carla. 1974. Alaska and the Law of the Sea: Uses of the Sea By Alaska Natives Historical Perspective. Arctic Environmental Information and Daza Center, Univer- sity of Alaska, Anchorage, Alaska. Kessel, Brina. 1972. "Birds of the Northern Gulf of Alaska" in D. Rosenberg (Ed.). A Review of the Oceanography and Renewable Resources of the -Northern Gulf o@ Alaska. Institute-of Marine Sciences, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, Alaska. Index, of Areas Bainbridge Passage 65 Katalla and Softuk Beaches 3 4 Beartrap Bay 3 Katalla Refinery Site 91 Bettles Bay 4 Kiniklik 92 Blackstone Bay 66 Knowles Head 79 Bomb Point 67 Landlocked Bay 35 Boswell Bay/Pt. Steele 5 Long Bay/Lake Schrode 36 Canoe Passage 6 MacLeod Harbor 108 Cape Hinchinbrook Lighthouse 87 Masked Bay 37 Cape St. Elias 68 McPherson Bay 38 Cape St. Elias Lighthouse 88 Middleton Island 107 Cascade Bay 7 Mount Eccles 39 Cedar Bay 84 Mummy Island 93 Coghill Point/Lake 9 Nellie Juan l01-102 College Fiord 108 Northwest Bay 40 Columbia Glacier 69 Olsen Bay 105,107 Comfort Cove 10 Olsen Cove 41 Constantine Harbor/Port Etches 11 Outside Bav 42 Controller Bay/Bering River 12-13 Palugvik 94 Copper River Delta 14-15 Patton Bay 43 Culross Passage 70 Pigot Bay 44 Danger Island 16 Point Cochrane 80 81 Decision Point/Surprise Cove 71 Point Pigot/Entry Cove Deep Bay 72 Port Chalmers 95 Derickson Bay 17 Port Valdez 106 Disk Island 18 Prince William Sound Approaches 107 Drier Bay 19 Rocky Bay/Zaikof Bay 45 Eagle Point/Fish Bay 20 Sawmill Bay (Evans Island) 96 Ellamar 89 Sawmill Bay (Valdez Arm) 46 Elrington Passage 73 Schoppe Bay/Mueller Cove 47 Emerald Cove 21 Schrader Island 48 E ham Lagoon 22 Sheep Bay 49 Esthamy Island 23 Sheep Point 82 Esther Passage 74 Shoestring Cove 50 Ewan Bay 24 Shotgun Cove 51 Fairmount Bay 25 Shoup Bay 52 Fort Constantine go Simpson Bay 53 Galena Bay 26 Siwash Bay 54 Gibbon Anchorage 27 Snug Corner Cove 97 Glacier Island 75 Snug Harbor 55 Granite Bay 28 South Elrington Island 56 Granite Cove 29 Squirrel Bay 57 Gravina Point 76 Thumb Bay 58 Growler Bay 30 Two Moon Bay 59 Hanning Bay Tectonic Unakwik Inlet/Eaglek Bay 103-104 Deformation 108 Useless Cove 60 Harriman Fiord 77 Valdez Approaches 83 Hartney Bay 31 Wells Bay 61 Hidden Bay 32 West Central Kayak Island 98 Icy Bay 78 West Knight Island 84 Jackpot Bay 33 171 /.0) 'k %oj *ZZ@ J t! ;@L 4 G;,,@ `621 v 6 2 9' It 50 26 23 3 0 . . .... 4, 4 ...... tatiilek 5 0 E K A": W iilfr 32' @j,'o 3 6 prince. Wlbm dova sound 0, '31 0 '5 31 0 a nc)' 0 9 rj 1-5 .. . ...... . . Cape u Puget j as A f X@xv. 4z: -9 A@ 7 A@ 4, 74 wh 171, 6 7.0 prince Wi iam 8 cordov'61 sound K\ 0 ....cheneo "j, -7 8 Puget ccApe r ;IT CN, "A" ........... . 1L i-e " 1,4 N@ 6z I'A Ai, 92 whil'i ier .............. 97 ...... .. ...... wl I ova, Sound d Al, vg)l 4 9 ir. . . ......... @OX@l C, c e ap rjuge ef @) . . ....... aldoz Pk' ........... . 6" YI 10 3;. tafitlek,@ 1 wh-f Sk. prioco wi Iiolm cc)rdo@6,,, sound- -1 . .. ...... . J@@ :. .. ....... .... ... ... . 0 ej F 11 c h e@ne le, ga, . ........ . d la Os a 1 k ape uge p lelz , . 1 11 -@L ; JIMMINIMM, 3 6668 14104 3986 1 I'. I I A OL i