[From the U.S. Government Printing Office, www.gpo.gov]

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                                 TOWN OF NEWFIELDS

                        WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT
                                AND PROTECTION PLAN



                                              1990







                       Supplement to the Newfields Master Plan




                                           Prepared for
                                   The Newfields Planning Board

                                           Prepared by
                               The Rockingham Planning Commission
       [HD
        1694
         N4
        W384
        1990






























                                       WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
                                          AND PROTECTION PLAN


                                                for the


                                     Town of Newfields Master Plan


                                            Prepared for the
                                        NEWFIELDS PLANNING BOARD













                                                 by the


                                     ROCKINGHAM PLANNING COMMISSION


                                               June, 1990

                                                               U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE NOAA
                                                               COASTAL SERVICES CENTER
                                                               2234 SOUTH HOBSON AVENUE
                                                               CHARLESTON, SC 29405-2413



           The New Hampshire Coastal Program provided a grant for the preparation of this
           document which was financed, in part by the Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972,
           as amended, administered by the Office of Ocean and Coastal Resources Management,
           National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.





                                                                Property Of CSC Library










                                                   TABLE  OF CONTENTS


                                                                                                    Page

             INTRODUCTION   .............................................................               1


             I.    SURFACE WATER RESOURCES     .............................................            2


             II.   GROUNDWATER RESOURCES     ...............................................            7


             III.  POTENTIAL THREATS TO WATER RESOURCES        ................................       16


             IV.   GROWTH IN DEMAND FOR WATER      ..........................................         22


             V.    INFRASTRUCTURE   ......................................................            24


             VI.   EXISTING-PROGRAMS AND POLICIES       .......................................       26-


             VII.  ANALYSIS ..........................................         ; .................    29


             VIII-RECOMMENDATIONS    ..............................................         o ......  33



                                               LIST OF TABLES AND MAPS



             Table  I    Acreage of Wetlands and Floodplain Areas        ....     ................      6

             Table  2    Nonpoint Pollution Sources and Remedies         ........................     16

             Table  3    .Projected Water Demand   ...........................     o  .............   23

             Map A       Regional Watersheds..    ..... o ....................................          3

             Map B       Watersheds and Perennial Water Bodies        ..........................        5

             Map C       Wetland Soils   ..................................................             8

             Map D       Flood Hazards and Bedrock Geology       ..............................         9

             Map  E      Aquifers  .......................................................            11

             Map  F      Aquifers and Wells    ................    ..............................     13

             Map  G      Potential Pollution Sources      .....................................       19

             Map  H      Principal Point Pollution Sources to the Squamscott
                         River and Great                                                           ** 21

             Map  I      Soils Suitability for Septic Systems        ...........................      25












                                               APPENDICES



                                                                                        Page

          APPENDIX I      Summary of Well Completion Report Data
                          for the Town of Newfields  .................................  38


          APPENDIX II     Inventory of Underground Storage Tanks  ....................  39

          APPENDIX III    Public Water Systems Inventory  ............................  40

          APPENDIX IV     Organic Chemical Analysis of Well #5  ......................  41











                                             INTRODUCTION



           This component of the Town of Newfields Master Plan addresses the requirements,
           established by the New Hampshire Office of State Planning under the authority
           of RSA 4-C:20,I, for the preparation of local water resource management and
           protection plans*

           The purposes of this chapter are to identify and describe surface and groundwater
           resources; to identify existing and potential threats to these resources; to
           evaluate the adequacy of water resources to meet the current and future needs
           of the Town; to evaluate existing local programs which have the potential to
           impact water resources; and to identify regulatory and nonregulatory programs
           that could further enhanc e water resource management and protection efforts.

           The protection and wise use of water -resources -are of crit-ical -concern to the
           Town of Newfields.  With a large majority of the Town dependent on groundwater,
           from both private wells and the Town of Newfields Water Department wells, the
           quantity and quality of this resource must be protected from depletion and/or
           contamination.    Other Town water resources, such as swamps, ponds, rivers,
           streams, and wetlands, are important not only because they are often hydrologi-
           cally related to groundwater, but because they provide ecological, scenic and
           recreational value to' the town as a whole.

           In general, there is a direct relationship between land use and water quality.
           The right use in the wrong area, or the right use carried out in the wrong way
           can degrade and contaminate both surface and groundwater, increase flood hazards,
           destroy water-based wildlife and interfere with scenic and recreational values.
           It is the responsibility of the Town to take reasonable precautions to protect
           all water resources from incompatible uses and, in so doing, protect the health
           and general welfare of the community.










          I.    SURFACE WATER RESOURCES


          Watersheds


          The Town of Newfields contains three regional watersheds, as depicted on Map
          A - "Regional Watersheds" - the drainage areas for the Squamscott, Piscassic
          and Lamprey Rivers.      The Squamscott River and Lamprey River watersheds are
          identified on the "New Hampshire Hydrologic Unit Map" (source: U.S. Department
          of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service, May 1982), and the Piscassic River
          Watershed boundary was delineated by the Rockingham Planning Commission using
          7.5 minute topographic maps (Newmarket Quadrangle, NH and Epping Quadrangle,
          NH; U.S. Geological Survey, 1973).

          The following paragraphs provide a general description of each watershed.

          a)    Lamprey River Watershed:    The Lamprey River has a total length of about
                42 miles.   The watershed area covers- portions of 12 towns -- Northwood,
                .Deerfield, Candia, Raymond, Fremont, Epping, Newmarket, Durham, Lee,
                Newfields, Barrington, and Nottingham.      The total area is approximately
                135,900 acres (211 square miles).    The area of the Lamprey River watershed
                contained within Newfields is about 576 acres (.9 sq. mi.).

          b)    Piscassic River Watershed: The Piscassic River has a total length of about
                12 miles.  The watershed area covers portions of Fremont, Epping, Exeter,
                Newfields, and Newmarket.    The total area is approximately 13,500 acres
                (21 sq. mi.).   The area of the PiscAssic River watershed contained within
                Newfields is about 2,124 acres (3-3 sq. mi.).

          c)    Squamscott River Watershed: The Squamscott River has a total length of
                approximately 6.8 miles.   The watershed area covers portions of Newmarket,
                Stratham, Newfields, and Exeter. The total area of the Squamscott watershed
                is 12,019 acres (18.8 sq.-mi.).   The area of the Squamscott River watershed
                contained within Newfields is about 2,016 acres (3-1 sq. mi.).

          Watersheds Within Municipal Boundaries

          The three regional watersheds contained within Newfields are drained by a number
          of smaller streams.    These drainage areas are depicted on Map B - "Watersheds
          and Perennial Water Bodies" (source: Newmarket, Exeter and Epping, N.H.
          Quadrangle; 7.5 minute topographic maps; U.S. Geological Survey, 1973).
          Description of each drainage system are provided below.

          a)    Lamprey River

                Unnamed stream in Northwest corner of Town, elevation of 100 feet, flows
                Northeasterly for a distance of   '1.5 miles into a pond at Town's border.
                Approximately 3,200 feet of this stream is classified as intermittent.
                A second intermittent stream converges with this stream and is approximately
                2,250 feet long.     In addition, just below the pond, a short unnamed
                perennial stream of 1,500 feet joins the stream.

            .-,,,--The Lamprey . River is f ed b_y . two-, unnamed perennial streams ..in Newf ields.,
                shown on the map as L-1 and -L-2. ' L-1 begins at a point just west of Bald
                Hill Road and flows north 4,500 feet at an approximate elevation of 80
                MSL into an unnamed pond at the Newmarket Town Line.        Stream L-2 is fed


                                                    2




                                         Regional WaLersheds

                                         Map A
                              Source:  USGS 1:100000 DLG files                             Regional vatersheds
                       Prepared by the Rockingham Planning Commission
                                          June 1990
                       Scale 1:93780 or 1"     1.5 Miles              SRG














                                                                                                                          CY)
                       Lam r y R i             e r
                                                                              HEIF ELD



                                     E PING
                                                        P i,-s@a is s                 r
                                                            Kilo
                                                                          XETER
                                                           RENTWOODI
                     FREMO                ENTVOOD                                                      STRA
                                                                                                           T H11 A 9

                                                                                                            Dv@
                                                                                        ,u am








                by two intermittent streams labeled LI-1 and LI-2 on Map B.         The combined
                distance of these two intermittent streams is 5,500 feet.

                L-2 west at an elevation of 80 feet MSL for 1,500 feet and then joins stream
                L-1. Both unnamed perennial streams and both unnamed intermittent streams
                have a legislative classification of "B".

          b)    Piscas sic River

                The Piscassic River flows for 4.3 miles, from southwest to        north central,
                through the Town of Newfields.     From its entry into Town at the southwest
                corner, the River drops from an approximate mean sea level elevation of
                110 feet to roughly 80 feet MSL.        The legislative classification of the
                Piscassic River is "A" which is the best state classification and denotes
                highest water quality.

                The Fresh River and four unnamed perennial streams serve as tributaries
                to the Piscassic River in Newfields. Each has a legislative classification
                of "A" -                                                                                I
                1)   Fresh River f lows northward from Exeter at an elevation of
                     approximately 100 MSL.     Within Newfields it flows for approximately
                     500 feet into the Piscassic Ice Pond.

                2)   Unnamed Streat P-1 flows northward      out of Exeter for 1,250 feet at
                     approximately, 100 ML and joins the Fresh River at the southern end
                     of Piscassic Ice Pond.


                3)   Unnamed streat P-2 flows from north central Newfields at an elevation
                     of roughly 80 feet MSL for a distance of 2,500 feet into Newmarket.

                4)   Unnamed stream P-3 flows northerly from a starting elevation of
                     approximately 106 feet just north of Littlefield for roughly 7,500
                     feet.   When this stream exits, Newfields at the Newmarket town line
                     its MSL elevation is approximately 80 feet.

                5)   Unnamed stream P-4 flows in a southerly direction for 1,000 feet until
                     it joins with stream P-3 (described above) at 80 feet MSL.

                Within the Piscassic River Watershed is one perennial artificial pond,
                the Piscassic Ice Pond.      Located in southeastern Newfields, the pond is
                approximately 10.3 acres in size and is at an elevation of 90 - 100 feet
                MSL.  The pond is fed by the Fresh River and P-1 (see Map B) from the south
                and the western section of the. Piscas@sic River.       The eastern section of
                .the Piscassic River flows out of the northeastern end of the pond.            The
                pond has an approximate shoreline of 1.3 miles.

                At the northeastern end of the pond is a dam registered as number 171-01
                with the New Hampshire Water Resources Board (depicted on Map B -
                "Watersheds and Perennial Water Bodies").         The Board has given the dam
                a hazard class rating of "AA".      Class "AA" dams are so designated because
                failure would not result in_a menace to public-safety. . This is the least
                hazardous structure classification.






                                                     4













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                                                                                                                                                                    6,
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                                                                                      Map B                                                                                           land Hill                               S-1
                                                                             Watersheds and
                                                                     Perennial Water Bodies


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  S-
                                                                                 watershed Boundary


                                                                                 Peretudal Water Body



                                                                       Prepared by the Rockingham Planning Commission
                                                                                          June 1990
                                                                             Sources: Ne.market. Exeter and Epping
                                                                                      7.5 minute radr.*@ks, U.S.
                                                                                      Geological  ey.

                                                                                      Dwn Data W Iti-ers and
                                                                                      Streams', NA. Water Resources
                                                                                      Board Febm" 1989.















                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     n-n
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                                                                                                                    F..1 3600     2700      Woo       900        0           1/4           1/2           3/4            1killb








           c)    Squamscott  River

                 The Squamscott     River flows     for 2.8 miles serving as the eastern town
                 boundary from north to south.        The Squamscott River is a tidal river that
                 flows,into Great Bay, as a result the elevation is 0 feet MSL for its entire
                 distance in Newfields.      The legislative classification for the Squamscott
                 River is "B".


                 Within the Town of Newfields, the Squamscott River is fed by 6 perennial
                 streams, one of which has been named Parting Brook.                 All six have a
                 legislative classification of "B".

                 1)   Parting Brook:       Beginning at a point just north of Piscassic Road
                      in central Newfields, the Brook flows southeasterly 1.6 miles.                The
                      Brook begins its flow at an elevation of 100 feet MSL and ends at
                      the Squamscott River (0 feet MSL).

                 2)   S-1: Beginning at an elevation of approximately 90 feet MSL in south-
                      eastern Newfields, this stream flows north for a distance of 4,250
                      feet and joins Parting Brook at an elevation of roughly 55 feet MSL.

                 3)   S-2: Beginning at an elevation of approximately 70 feet MSL in north-
                      eastern Newfields, this stream flows south 1.4 miles before entering
                      the Squamscott River (0 feet MSL).

                 4)   S-3:   Begins at a point on the northeastern Newfields town line at
                      an elevation of 20 feet MSL and flows south 3,250 feet to empty into
                      the Squamscott River (0 feet MSL).

                 5)   S-4:   Begins at a point 500 feet east on the same town line as S-3
                      above, at an elevation of approximately 10 feet MSL and flows south
                      250 feet where it joins stream S-3 to enter the Squamscott River (0
                     -feet MSL).

                 6)   S-5:    Beginning at a point on Newfields' southeastern border with
                      Exeter, the stream flows south for roughly 500 feet at an elevation
                      of 60 feet MSL and exits into Exeter before joining the Squamscott
                      River.


                 Table 1 - "Acreage of Wetlands and Floodplain Areas", presents a breakdown
                 of the acreage of floodplain areas, and poorly drained and very poorly
                 drained soils within Newfields' three regional watersheds.            The areas for
                 muck and ponded soils, both of which are classified as very poorly drained
                 soils, are also inventoried.


                                                    Table 1
                                  Acreage of Wetlands and Floodplain Areas

                                       Squamscott River       Piscassic River         Lamprey River

           Poorly drained soils              285 acres              426 acres              99 acres
           Very  poorly drained soils
                 Muck                           0acres               41 acres                0acres
                 Peat                          88 acres              52 acres              12 acres
                 Ponded                        21 acres              78 acres              23 acres
                 Other                         57 acres              71 acres              66 acres
           Floodplain                         301 acres             487 acres              92 acres


                                                        6









           Map C    "Wetlands", depicts the locations of wetland areas throughout the Town
           of Newfields.    This information was taken from an Soil Conservation Service
           County Soil Survey Map (source: USDA Soil Conservation Service, 1985).      Wetlands
           are defined as poorly and very poorly drained soils.       Much of these    wetlands
           are contained in Newfields 100 year flood zones, which are depicted        on Map D
           - "Flood Hazards and Bedrock Geology".       Flood boundaries are those    shown on
           the Town of Newfields "Flood Insurance Rate Map" (effective date June     5, 1989)  '
           published by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA).       In general, the
           100-Year flood zone surrounds the major water courses throughout Town.           The
           largest contiguous flood areas surround the Squamscott River, Parting Brook
           and the Piscassic River.


           Development should be located away from wetlands and floodplains.       The filling
           of and use of wetlands for building construction not only destroys wetlands
           and their benefits, but may also lead to groundwater contamination.         Building
           within a floodzone may also reduce the, floodplain's,-capacity to absorb..and retain
           water during periods of excessive precipitation and runoff.     Moreover, in regard
           to building within floodplains, contamination may result from flooding damage
           to septic systems.      Without specific floodproofing design and construction,
           design within floodplains poses threats to public health, safety, and welfare.

           In accordance with NH Code of Administrative Rules (Wr700) the Water Management
           Bureau (of the Water Resources Division, NH Department of Environmental Services
           (DES)) compiles data on all water users throughout the State which withdraw
           or discharge more than 20,000 gallons of water per day. According to the Bureau,
           the Town of Newfields presently has no major users of surface waters.

           Potential Surface Water Supplies

           The Piscassic River in the largest fresh water river in Newfields and is the
           only one with a legislative classification of "A".        According to RSA 149:3-1
           "Class A waters shall be of the highest quality....     There shall be no discharge
           of any sewage or wastes into waters of this classification.      The waters of this
           classification shall be considered as being potentially acceptable for water
           supply uses after disinfection".    According to the New Hampshire Water Quality
           Report to Congress 305(b), the Piscassic River is in full compliance with the
           water quality standards set by their legislative classification (source: NH
           Department of Environmental Services, Water Supply and Pollution Control
           Division; April, 1988). This is true of all of the water bodies within Newfields
           except the Squamscott River.     Although, at this time, the most economical and
           practical source for public water from within Newfields would be from
           groundwater, the potential for using surface water resources does exist.            A
           report prepared by Hydroscience Associates of Durham in 1986 for the Newfields
           Water Comissioners found that a surface water supply on the Piscassic River
           was possible but further studies were needed to determine feasibility.             As
           discussed in the next section, a municipal water supply system is presently
           operated in Newfields.



           II. GROUNDWATER RESOURCES


           The term  aqui f er i s de f i ned- as earth - mat-e ri il- @ -c ontaini ng - suf f i c i ent q uant I ti es
           of groundwater for pumping.      The U.S. Geological Survey has been working on
           aquifer delineation maps for the communities located in the Lower Merrimack/
           Coastal area for over two years,- and although this -new information is available
           it has not yet been published .     Therefore, other sources have also been used
           to assess the groundwater resources for Newfields.


                                                     7




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                                                                                0                         1/3                       2/3
              Sources:                      Complex               Systems Research                                  Center,                UNH;
                                            F e b r u a r y 19 9 0 - S o i I s d e I i n e at i o n b a s e d
                                            o n f ile I d w o r k , c o n d u c t e d b y I h e U S D A S o i I
                                            C o n s e r v a           i o n S e r v          .j c e , c o m @ I e It e d i n 19 8 5
                                            Preliminary Data - Subjec to Change.
                                            Prepared by the Rocki.figham Planning
                                            CommIssion, May                                199 0                                                          S R G

















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                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         No
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                                                                                         Map D                                                                                                 Oakland Hill
                                                                                  Flood Hazards
                                                                           and Bedrock Geology



                                                                               Flood Hazards


                                                                               Bedrock Boundaries

                                                                               Proxent and pyroxent-hornblende dioritv and itabro,
                                                                   Oe9         with minor granodiorite and granke; Exeter
                                                                               plutun.

                                                                               Kittery formation - Well bedded and graded-beddtd
                                                                   OZk         purple and green phylfite and tan calctreous siltstone,
                                                                               grading upward into the Ellot formation.
                                                                               FAIM formation: gray to green thyflile, qi!@rtzfte and
                                                                                                         6
                                                                   oze         quarU mica schist and well-be ded cak-silicate.


                                                                          Prepared by the Rockingham Planniaig Commission
                                                                                              June 1990

                                                                     Sources:    "Flood Insurance Rate Map, Town of Newfields
                                                                                 Rockingham County, New Ilajupshire;" Federal
                                                                                 Emergency Management Agency, June Sth 1989.

                                                                                 Geological Map of New Hampshire: U.S.
                                                                                 Geological Survey/State Geologist, 1986.



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           Stratified Drift Aquifers

           The groundwater resources of Newfields have been investigated several times.
           Two federal agencies - the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) and the U.S.
           Geologic Survey (U.S.G.S.) - based their findings on the surficial geology of
           the Town.    They assumed that areas in Town which contained stratified drift
           formations would also yield the greatest amount of groundwater.         As mentioned
           previously, the Town contracted with Hydroscience of Durham in 1986 to prepare
           a study detailing present and future demand for water.      In addition, D.L. Maher
           Company produced a study entitled "Evaluation of Alternative Groundwater Supplies
           - Newfields, N.H.".     These four sources provided the basis for the aquifers
           shown on Map E - "Aquifers".

           Of the four sources reviewed, the studies completed by the U.S.G.S. entitled
           Availability of Groundwater in the Piscataqua and Other Coastal River Basins,
           Southeastern New Hampshire, by John E. Cotton, Water Resource Investigations
           77-70, 1977 (hereinafter referred to as the Cotton map) and Geohydrology. and
           Water Quality of Stratified Drift Aquifers in the Exeter, Lamprey, and Oyster
           River Basins, Southeastern, N.H."; 1990 gives the best aquifer delineations.
           These studies identified areas of high, medium or low potential to yield
           significant quantities of groundwater (see Map E).       The reference map provides
           the following narrative with respect to the delineated aquifers on the Cotton
           Map:

           Potential High Yield Aquifers - "Areas inferred to be underlain by medium to
           very coarse sand or sand and gravel with sufficient saturated thickness to have
           high potential to yield water.     Included are areas with fine-grained surficial
           deposits, which are inferred to be underlain by medium to very coarse sand or
           sand and gravel,    Wells located by systematic ground-water exploration within
           these areas should yield sufficient quantities to meet or augment municipal
           and industrial requirements. Deposits are thinner and wells would be less produc-
           tive along the margins of these areas.       Pumping wells adjacent to streams or
           lakes may induce surface water to infiltrate the aquifer."

           Potential Medium Yield Aquifers - "Areas inferred to be underlain by relatively
           thin saturated sections of medium to very coarse sand or sand and gravel that
           have medium potential to yield water.     Shallow wells and infiltration galleries
           located by systematic groundwater exploration within these areas may yield suffi-
           cient quantities of    water for small municipal and rural water districts and
           commercial and light   industrial use.    Deposits are thinner and wells would be
           less productive along   the margins of these areas, except where they border areas
           of high potential. Pumping wells adjacent to streams, or lakes may induce surface
           water to infiltrate the aquifer."

           Potential Low Yield Aquifers - "Areas inferred to be underlain by fine and very
           fine sand, silt, and clay that have low potential to yield water. These deposits
           may yield sufficient water to wells for domestic and light commercial use.
           In places, thin lenses of coarse sand and gravel with higher potential yield
           may occur within or underlie these deposits, but these lenses may or may not
           have adequate storage or recharge to provide large sustained well yields.         Pum-
           ping wells adjacent to streams, lakes, or tidewater may induce surface water
           to infiltrate the aquifer."

           The Cotton study   found one high yield aquifer to exist in Newfields.         Located
           in the northeastern section of town, this aquifer encompasses the entire


                                                     10


















                                                                                                                                                                    A
                                                                                     ......... ..
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      NEWMARKELT
                                                                                    . .... . . .
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                                                                                                        Littlefield
                                                                                                                                PISCASSIC


                                                                                                                      P,                                                                         Hickey Hill                      87


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                                                                                            Ma p E                                                              Ail-                       Oakland Hill
                                                                                         Aquifers


                                                                               Illigh Potential to yield groundwater (1)


                                                                               Medium Potential to yield groundwater (1)

                                                                               Stratified Drift Aquifer
                                                                               Transmissivity < 500 feet squared/day (2)
                                                                               Stratified Drift Aquifer
                                                                               Transmissivily 500 - 1000 feet squared/day (2)
                                                                               Stratified Drift Aquifer
                                                                               Transinissivity 1000 - 20W feet sqUared/day (2)

                                                                               Groundwater Potential (Rest) (3)



                                                                         Prepared by the Rockloithovii PlannInti 0,111,11641111%
                                                                                            .1 le 1990

                                                                                 (1)                          In the I-r
                                                                                      Mer,irnack       4Iver liamin. Souih,,,,t,r.
                                                                                                 cmon,         1977.   .

                                                                                 (2)  "(;"hvdroloav and Water onnuty or StratIfted
                                                                                      -Drift Aqulfr@i In the F.%etrr, Iarnprry. and
                                                                                      Oyiter R1,rr 11-In,
                                                                                      U.S.G.S.; 1990,

                                                                                 (3)  "Index ror Grould-ater Potential", llydroxclence
                                                                                      &I'sorlate.q. 19116; N-fleld, Man Update.
                                                                                      1988.
                                                                                                          U0           @WH OF HOERWRELDSor HoHno
                                                                                                                            F.., 3000     2700       600      900       0             1,/4                        3/4            1 MIN
                                                                                                                                                                        4








            NewIlelds Town Center*     Its boundaries lie almost entirely within the Town of
            Newfields and its size is approximately 482 acres.

            The 1990 U.S.G.S. study verified this location and provided information regarding
            the transmissivity of this aquifer as well as the other aquifers existing in
            Town.  Transmissivity is the rate at which water is transmitted through a unit
            width of aquifer under a unit of hydraulic gradient. It is equal to the product
            of hydraulic conductivity and saturated thickness (source: Groundwater Resources
            of the Lamprey River Basin, Southeastern New Hampshire: J.E. Cotton; U.S.
            Geological Survey, Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4252; 1988).            This
            information is displayed on Map E.

            Areas of high and medium potential to yield groundwater have been mapped.             In
            addition, those areas determined by Hydroscience Associates to have the best
            potential to yield groundwater as detailed in the 1988 Newfields Master Plan
            Update are shown in the south and southwestern sections of Town.

            Bedrock and Till Aquifers

            The State Geologist Map (previously cited), which depicts Newfields' surficial
            geology, contains information regarding the location and extent of till (and
            marine sediment) formations.     In general, till material has poorly sorted grain
            sizes, which results in limited porosity, transmissivity and hydraulic
            conductivity.     Given these qualities, till formations would not be suitable
            for municipal water supply wells*      Hence, these areas have not been delineated
            in this plan.

            The bedrock geology of Newfields was determined using the "Interim Geologic
            Map of New Hampshire", U.S. Geological Survey/State Geologist (1986), prepared
            at a scale of one inch equals approximately four miles.         As previously stated,
            Map F depicts the bedrock wells which were mapped by the Water Well Board.
            In addition, the fault lines of different formations are shown on 31liap D - "Flood
            Hazards and Bedrock Geology".

            Newfields has three general types of bedrock geology:

            1.   Kittery Formation (metamorphic)

                 a)   OZk - well bedded and grade-bedded purple and green phyllite and tan
                      calcareous siltstone;

            2.   Elliot Formation (metamorphic)

                 a)   OZe - gray to green phyllite, quartzite and quartz mica schist and
                      well-bedded calc silicate.


            3.   Ordovician Plutons (igneous)

                 a)   Oe9- proxene and pyroxen,e - hornblende diorite and gabbro,. with minor
                      granodiorite and granite; Exeter Pluton.

            Appendix I includes a list of well,log data for Newfields.          Map F depicts the
            location 6f wells that       are located outside the stratified " drift aquifers
            previously identified.




                                                       12

















                                                                                                                                                                                                %

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     qEWMARKILT

                                                                                                                                                                                                           %%
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                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    ROAD                                                        VS1
                                                                                                                     1P -I                                                                   Piscassic                                        i
                                                                                                                                                                                             Ice Pond                                                                      pom'g
                                                              Aquifers, Wells and
                                                          Municipal Water/Sewer
                                                                                                                                                              E14-
                                                                         Service area                                                                                        -4
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Duklond Hill


                                                                         Stratified Drift Aquifer


                                                                         Bedrock Well
                                                             x           Gravel Well                                                                                                                                                                                                               20
                                                                         Public Water Systents


                                                                         Municipal Wells
                                                                         Contaminated Nluiticipal
                                                                         well

                                                                         Sewer District


                                                                         Water District


                                                            Prepared by the Rockiugham Plaiming Commission
                                                                                  Julie 1990
                                                sourr.:   'G'ohydruluzy and Water Quality .1 Stralird.U61% Aq.ff- I. the "mr, Urnpl,y,
                                                          ad 0imer River      Soalhmierto NAL", V.S.G.S.; Im.
                                                          State of New Ilamphim Water R,,ourcts Board, 'Surruvary of WO CuuvpI,fiun Report
                                                          Data for the Town of Newfill6u, August 19U.
                                                          Simi, of New Harnphhim Water Supply,Enginetring Bureau, Water Supply & ftilutiun
                                                          control Di".. Dept or E-k-ma S .. kes: -'pubfic Water Sygenot;
                                                          Inventory". May 19".
                                                          Tow. of N..WdS [email protected] Man Update, public Ulilities Section,
                                                          19".






                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  M
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           Radon


           Rad on contamination in  water from bedrock wells has recently become a concern
           throughout the U.S.   Radon is a colorless, odorless, cancer-causing gas produced
           as uranium (typically occurring in trace amounts) decay.     This gas escapes from
           water once it is brought up from the ground.       For example, when a shower is
           used in a home with radon-containing water, radioactive gas diffuses into the
           air.


           Several years ago, New England was surveyed for its susceptibility to radon
           using remote sensing techniques.        A map was produced from this project
           entitled: "Generalized Bedrock Geologic Map of New England with Emphasis on
           Uranium Endowment and Radon Production", (W. J. Olszewski, Jr.; UNH, 1986).
           Around this time, the U.S.G.S. drafted a map (unpublished but available for
           inspection at the State Geologist Office) showing the uranium concentration
           in rocks throughout New Hampshire.    In April 1989, the State Geologist devised
           a   radon susceptibility rating" system for the bedrock types in the region,
           based on the probability of radon occurrence.      This rating system ranged from
            very low" to "very high".     The bedrock types listed above and shown on Map
           D11 have been rated as follows: OZk = medium; OZe = medium; and Oe9 = very low.

           Potential Groundwater Supplies

           Groundwater is a very valuable resource for the Town of Newfields. For decades,
           it has been the source of water for individual wells and the Newfields municipal
           water system.   Groundwater has the potential to provide the Town with drinking
           water for many generations to come.      However, the resource is vulnerable to
           contamination or depletion if not properly managed and protected.

           Groundwater quality can be impaired by a variety of materials.          Sources of
           groundwater contaminants include landfills, commercial and industrial wastes,
           agricultural fertilizers, human sewage, road salting, etc. Groundwater quantity
           is reduced by contamination of available groundwater supplies, over-pumping
           in the aquifer   zone, and increasing impervious surfaces such as roof tops and
           parking lots,   thereby preventing recharge of the aquifer.      These threats to
           groundwater are discussed further herein (see Section 111).

           All five of the municipal wells operated by the Newfields Water department are
           located within the aquifer described as having high potential to yield water,
           according to the Cotton Maps cited previously.     The five-well municipal system
           lost the use of one well in 1988 due to contamination.       This loss has placed
           the Newfields water municipal system at maximum service capacity, and has
           necessitated the active search for a new source of groundwater.

           The most current information regarding the' delineation and the capacity of
           existing aquifers inn Newfields is the result of research undertaken by the
           U.S.G.S. over the past two years.       This report quantifies important pumping
           factors,   such as water table elevation, saturated thickness, transmissivity,
           direction of groundwater flow, and water quality.           This report has been
           finalized, although it is not yet in circulation for the general public.         The
           boundaries for aquifers within Newfields, according to this study, are displayed
           on Map E.    This map also, displays saturated thickness and transmissivity.. In
           'light of  this information, and corroborated by the Cotton and Hydroscience
           reports,   it appears that additional groundwater wells would be best located
           in the aquifers located in the northwestern corner of Town and in the aquifers
           in the central and northeastern areas of Town (see Map E).

                                                    14









          Newf ields'  most practical source for additional water supplies is from its
          aquifers (with the possible exception of the surface waters of the Piscassic
          Ice Pond), because of their accessibility and relative purity.    It is therefore
          necessary for the Town to protect its aquifers by enforcing measures which will
          promote groundwater recharge and reduce the risk of contamination.    This course
          of action will help to safeguard an excellent source of drinking water for the
          future residents of Newfields.

































































                                                  15









            III. POTENTIAL THREATS TO WATER RESOURCES


           Potential Nonpoint Pollution Sources


           A.    Within Newfields


                 I.   Existing Potential Pollutant Sources:

                      Nonpoint sources of pollution involve the diffuse discharge of wastes
                      from sources which are widely spread, difficult to identify, and hard
                      to control. Nonpoint pollution is typically produced from land runoff
                      during times of rain and snowmelt.

                      The following is a general list which briefly describes potential
                      nonpoint pollution sources, and their associated mitigation techniques,
                      within the Town of Newfields:


                                                  Table 2
                                  Nonpoint Pollution Sources and Remedies

                 Source                                Remedy

                 subsurface sewage disposal            replacement and/or relocation;

                 agricultural runoff and               best management practices, e-g-, concrete
                 infiltration                          manure pits, no winter manure-spreading,
                                                       etc.;

                 road salt storage and                 salt sheds, decrease salt to sand ratio,
                 application                           emphasize mechanical snow removal using
                                                       plows, graders, etc., reduce frequency
                                                       of application; increase use of calcium
                                                       chloride and other de-icing chemicals;

                 storm runoff from construction        erosion control measures e.g., haybales,
                 sites                                 silt fences, straw mulch, etc.;

                 storm runoff from parking lots        catch basins which trap grit, oil and/or
                                                       grease;


                 sediments from silted-in              maintenance programs
                 catch basins and detention ponds

                 application of lawn fertilizers       integrated pest. management, e.g., soil
                 and pesticides to farmland,           testing, biological pest control, timing
                 gardens, and lawns.                   of lawn care, etc.

                 runoff/leachate from junkyards        drainage collection/ treatment systems,
                 and abandoned landfills               and proper disposal of hazardous
                                                       materials, e.g. battery acid, gasoline,
                                                       etc. with a certified hauler;

                 leaking underground storage           'remove -abandoned tanks, monitor and
                 tanks                                 regulate existing tanks;

                 roadside application of insecti-      biological pest control, e.g., use of
                                                                                    0
                 cide for mosquito control             non-toxic insecticides such as bacteria
                                                       which attacks mosquito larvae.

                                                       16








                        Tn 1982, the Water Supply and Pollution Control Division (of the N.H.
                        Department of Environmental Services (DES)) published a report
                        entitled: inventory of Groundwater and Surface Water Potential Nonpoint
                      -Pollution Sources.     The report's scope covered most of Strafford ana
                        Rockingham Counties.       Newfields was cited as having the following
                        potential nonpoint pollution sources:

                        -    Pesticides:   Newfields participates in the Seacoast Area Mosquito
                             Control (SAMC) program.      After flooding events, SAMC crews spray
                             a biological pesticide ("BT!") on salt marshes and, to a lesser
                             extent, freshwater wetlands throughout Town.               The pesticide
                             contains bacteria which attacks mosquito larvae.                Biological
                             control of larvae mosquitos has much less potential for adverse
                             health impacts than spraying adult mosquitos with a synthetic
                             and more toxic insecticide (e.g., Resmethrin).            Although cited
                             by the State's Pollution Inventory, Newfields'                  pesticide
                             application program has relatively minor environmental impacts.

                        -    Salt Sheds and Salted Roads:        There are two salt sheds located
                             i n Town.   One is a State of New Hampshire facility located on
                             Route 108 just north of the Route 85 junction.           The second shed
                             is Town-maintained and is located on the east side of Squamscott
                             Street.   Both of these facilities are located within the primary
                             aquifer in Town.       Newfields contains several roads that are
                             subjected to substantial winter salting.            Road salting should
                             be minimized within the Town's aquifer area.

                        Other potential nonpoint pollution sources within Newfields, but not
                        identified by the 1982 DES inventory, are described below.

                        -    Underground Storage Tanks:         As of December    5, 1989, the N.H.
                             Department of Environmental Services had             identified eleven
                             underground fuel storage tanks at four sites throughout
                             Newfields. The capacity of these tanks range from 1,000 to 20,000
                             gallons, while the ages range from 3 to 25 years.           Detailed data
                             relative to tank location (by street address), owner's name,
                             tank number, capacity, type of product stored and the tank's
                             age is presented in Appendix II, - "Inventory of Underground
                             Storage Tanks".

                        -    Pesticide Application: As of May, 1989, the N.H.         Office of State
                             Planning released a map        "Potential Pollution Sources, Southern
                             N.H. Water Supply Study"        which showed two sites in Town where
                             pesticides are applied.          All pesticides should be applied
                             according to best management practices as prescribed by the
                             Rockingham County Conservation District. In addition, "integrated
                             pest management", using biological pest control, should be
                             considered for these sites.


                        Information was also taken from the Waste Site Inventory, maintained
                        by the Waste Management Division of the New Hampshire Department of
                        Environmental Services, dated September 1987 (the most recent inventory
                        available).     The only facility cited within Newfields is Harva
                        Industries, formerly the Kingston- Warren Plant.




                                                         17







                      The sites desc ribed above are depicted on 'Map G    "Potential Nonpoint
                      Pollution Sources."


                 2.   Future Potential Pollutant Sources


                      a.   Near Term - As of May 1990, the Newfields Planning Board did
                           not approve any residential or non-residential development which
                           could be considered a future potential pollutant source.

                      b.   Long Term - Review of the Newfields Zoning map and Future Land
                           Use map shows that a significant amount of land along the western
                           side of NH Route 108, north of the intersection with NH Route
                           85., is zoned commercial /industrial.   This is also the location
                           of the Town's best aquifer, as well as four of the Town's
                           municipal wells.   When reviewing future developments within this
                           district, runoff from commercial and industrial sites should
                           be considered as potential sources of non-point pollution to
                           groundwater and surface waters.

            B.   Contributing Areas Outside of Newfields

                 In determining the areas outside of Newfields which exhibit potential
                 threats to the Town's water resources, it was appropriate to categorize
                 Newfields' water resources into surface water and groundwater.

                 1.   Groundwater


                      a.   Existing Potential Pollutant Sources

                           As displayed in Map E - '  'Aquifers" - most of Newfields' aquifers
                           that have been determined to be of high enough quality to serve
                           as a source of municipal drinking water are located entirely
                           within Town boundaries. This means that responsibility for their
                           protection is a Town function.        However, the aquifer located
                           in the northeast section of Town and the source for all of the
                           existing municipal wells, extends northward into the Town of
                           Newmarket.    In this area land uses are varied and could pose
                           a otential threat.    For the most part, the area is zoned rural
                           residential (2 acre density).       Along Route 108 however, lots
                           that immediately front the road are zoned business. In addition,
                           within a half mile of the Newfields town line, on the eastern
                           side of Route 108, there is an industrial subdivision currently
                           served by sewer and water.        The Town of Newmarket has one
                           potential threat near the northeast aquifer that is a pesticide
                           application site as identified by the NH Department of
                           Agriculture.

                      b.   Future Potential Pollution Sources

                           Future land use information for aquifers extending beyond
                           Newfields' boundaries is based on telephone discussions with
                           the Town of Newmarket Planning Board.






                                                     18










                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 ----4 -;L-qEWM.ARKET


                                                                                                                                                                                  -4-              %                           41v-  -         Cl.,k Hill
                                                                                                                                               41                                                    %
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                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       9
                                                                                                              ittlefield               ISCASSIC


                                                                                                                                                                                                            Hickey Hill


                                                                                                                                                                                 pisco                               ROAD
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Porn,,



                                                                                                Map G
                                                                                                                                                                                                     Oaklond Hill
                                                                                   Potential Non-Point
                                                                                     Pollution Sources


                                                                                              Aquifer Boundaries


                                                                                              Covered Salt Pile
                                                                                   X]         Pesticide Application Sites

                                                                                              lleavily Salted Roads
                                                                                  101         Underground Storage Tanks

                                                                                Prepared by the Rockingham Planning Connubision
                                                                                                    June 1990

                                                                   Sources:     "Geohydrollogy and Water Quality of Stratified-Drift Aquifers in
                                                                                the Exeter, Lamprey, and Oyster River Basins, Southeastern N.U.",
                                                                                U.S.G.S.; 1990.

                                                                                Waste Site Inventory", Waste Management Division, N.H. Department
                                                                                of Environmental Services, November 1986.
                                                                                "Inventory of Groundwater and Surface Water Potential Non-Poini
                                                                                Pollution Sources", N.H. Dept. of Environmental Services, February
                                                                                1982.

                                                                                "Underground Storage Tank Information", N.H. Dept. of Environmental
                                                                                Services, March 1999.

                                                                                "Pesticide Application Sites% N.H. Dept. of Agriculture/Complex Systen's
                                                                                Research.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 HoNo

                                                                                                                                F... 3600      2700       .000       900        0              1/4            1/2            3/4              1 mod








                           The northeastern aquifer shared with Newmarket is zoned a mix
                           of rural/ residential, business, and industrial.     These uses are
                           planned to continue in the future for this area.        The Town of
                           Newmarket has adopted an Aquifer Protection Ordinance that
                           prohibits land uses that would negatively impact groundwater.

                2.    Surface Water - Piscassic River and Squamscott River Watersheds

                     a.    Existing Potential Pollution Sources

                           The Town of Epping has the greatest impact on the Piscassic River
                           due to the short distance it travels in the Town of Exeter.
                           In Epping, the Piscassic flows through areas of divergent land
                           use, including low-density residential, commercial, and
                           industrial.   The 1982 Inventory of Groundwater and Surface Water
                           Potential Nonpoint Pollution Sources list Keefe Environmental
                           Service as a hazardous waste site currently regulated under the
                           Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation and Liability
                           Act of 1980 (CERCLA).    The area in which the Piscassic travels
                           through Exeter is low-density residential that is predominantly
                           undeveloped woodlands.

                           The Squamscott River serves as a portion of the municipal boundary
                           for the communities of Exeter, Stratham, Newfields and Newmarket.
                           It is fed by surface waters from the Towns of Exeter, Stratham
                           and Newfields.   The area along the River in Exeter is zoned low
                           density residential.      In Stratham, the corridor located next
                           to the Squamscott River   is zoned predominantly rural/agricultural
                           with a small section      zoned for professional offices.        Both
                           Stratham and Exeter are members of the Seacoast Area Mosquito
                           Control (SAMC) program. Periodic spraying of biological pesticide
                           on salt marshes and freshwater. wetlands takes place.        Although
                           cited by the State's Pollution Inventory, this pesticide
                           application program has relatively minor environmental impacts.
                           This is the major nonpoint pollution threat to the Squamscott
                           River.


                           There are three major point pollution sources on the Squamscott
                           River that impact the shellfish capacity of Great Bay.
                           Periodically the gathering of shellfish in Great Bay is restricted
                           because bacterial counts reported in excess of the 70 coliform
                           bacteria per 100 mililiters standard for such waters.             The
                           pollution problems of Great Bay stem primarily from the municipal
                           sewage treatment plants op     erated by the Towns of Newmarket,
                           Newfields, and Exeter.     The treatment plants are shown on Map
                           H - "Principal Point Pollution Sources to the Squamscott River
                           and Great Bay".     Two of these plants have a direct impact on
                           the Squamscott River in Newfields.         A brief review of the
                           operating conditions and possible improvements as described in









                                                    20








                                            PRINCIPAL POINT POLLUTION
                                          SOURCES TO THE SQUAMSCOTT
                                                     RIVER AND GREAT BAY


                                                                          Map H




                                                                                                      a Treatment F2cility
                                                                                                         Sewered Area













                                L 0 5



              JII
                                                                               IN.
                                                                                 K
                      c x
























                                                               0 ID












                                                                                                          ft"opl.-orc 0"74Z a, SIALTE v%&-M"r







                                                                                  21








                           the  Interagency Report on the Shellfish Waters oE New Hampshire
                           (by Water Supply and Pollution Control Division, N.H. DES,
                           February 1989) follows.

                           I.   Newfields


                                This facility is underloaded and has good treatment; however,
                                the automatic tide clock designed to control discharge on
                                the outgoing tide has never worked properly.          With four
                                NPDES coliform violations during a 15-month period in
                                1988-89, there is a need to assess the contact tank baffle
                                configuration to assure effective kill over varying
                                conditions.


                           2.   Exeter


                                Although improvements have been made to        this system, it
                                remains inadequate for present and future loadings and is
                                occassionally out of permit compliance.      A major upgrading
                                (i.e., expansion of lagoon capacity, chlorination contact
                                chambers, etc.) is presently close to completion and should
                                result in an adequate facility.

                           If these recommendations are carried out, public health will
                           be protected and shellfish resources will be restored for
                           surrounding communities.


                      b.   Future Potential Pollution Sources


                           The Town of Epping has a riverbank protection ordinance which
                           prohibits specific land uses within 75 feet of the Piscassic
                           River and this should limit potential threats in the future.

                           The communities of Exeter and Stratham both enforce shoreland
                            rotection ordinances that should serve in the future to limit
                           inappropriate land uses along the Squamscott River.



           IV. GROWTH IN   DEMAND FOR WATER


           Projected Growth in Demand for Water

           In June, 1987,       the, Water Management Bureau of the N.H. Department of
           Environmental Services, Water Resource         Division, initiated the Water User
           Registration and Reporting@ Program.    The objective of the program is to    , gather
           accurate data on the major users of the State's water and the demands placed
           upon aquifers, streams, and rivers. To accomplish this objective, all facilities
           which use an average of 20,000 gallons (or more) of water per day must register
           with the Division.    According to the Bureau's latest list (October, 1988), the
           Town of Newfields' Water Department is the only user in Town of 20,000 gallons
           of water per day.The lack of detailed data on water usage makes it extremely
           dif,ficult to quantify water consumption and to identify changing trends in water
           use.   An attempt was made to calculate the gross daily consumption from
           residences using household and population data published by the N.H. Office
           of State Planning.    In 1988, Newfields' estimated population was 848 persons.
           Assuming a standard of 150 gpd per capita per day (source: Subdivision and

                                                     22








            Individual Sewage Disposal System Design Rules", N.H.           DES, Water Supply and
            Pollution Control Division; April, 1987), Newfields used 127,200 gallons of
            water per day in 1988.

            Table 3 below reveals the projected demand for water for Newfields utilizing
            population projections supplied by the Office of State Planning.

                                                    Table 3
                                          Projected Demand for Water

                            Population            Average Daily Production Need (gpd)*

                 1990          1,036                              155,400
                 1995          1,185                              177,750
                 2000          1,330                              199,500
                 2005          1,500                              225,000
                 2010          1,679                              251)850


                   ADPN = 150  gallons per capital per day



            The water demand for the non-residential sectors will be entirely dependent
            upon the types of commercial or industrial uses located within Newfields and
            whether or not they are water-intensive uses.                  There is very little
            non-residential use in Town now.          Most of what exists is connected to the
            municipal water system.      At this point it is assumed that residential water
            .demand will account for the majority of Newfields' water usage during the next
            10 to 20 years.    During this time, the Town's water demands will be met by the
            Newfields' Water Department and the continued use of private wells.

            In December of 1988, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers released a report entitled
            "New Hampshire Route 108 Water Supply Study" to provide a starting point for
            the investigation of instituting a regional water system along Route 108.               In
            this study, the municipal water systems of several communities along           the Route
            108 alignment were inventoried.       From this information, projections      of f uture
            water demand were made for each community, as well as the study area as        a whole.

            The Newfields' Water Department had a reported yield of 135,000 gpd in 1988.
            The study further indicated that according to figures released for             1986, the
            Newfields Water Department provided an estimated 78 gallons per day per capita
            to individuals on Town Water service. A projection for water demand was
            developed assuming that by the year         2,010 there would be 100 percent water
            service for Newfields' residences and that per capita water use would increase
            by 15 percent over the study period.       According to   projections made under these
            assumptions, the average daily demand      for water in 2,010 would be .15 MGD and
            the reported supply would be .14 MGD;      resulting in   a demand deficit of .01 MGD
            (10,000 gallons).     This information combined with the results of projections
            for water demand for the other communities in the        study area supported further
            investigation into the viability of a regional water supply.







                                                       23









            V,   INFRASTRUCTURE


            A.   Septic System Usage

                 According to the Town of Newfields' 1988 Master Plan, approximately              half
                 of Newfields' 323 dwelling units are served by septic systems and                half
                 are served by the Newfields Wastewater Treatment Plant.            This plant was
                 constructed in 1983. to serve the Village of Newfields and the. two
                 manufacturing facilities operated by the Kingston Warren Company.

                 In 1988, the plant processed 35,000 gallons of effluent per day.                  The
                 facility is designed for a maximum capacity of 117,000 gallons per day.
                 Although septage (material removed from septic systems) that originates
                 in Newfields can be disposed of at the Newfields Wastewater Treatment Plant,
                 it is not encouraged by the plant operators.           Due to the low volume of
                 daily wastewater,        the facility has very limited septage disposal
                 capabilities. As a result, most of the septage created by the homes outside
                 of the Town Sewer District is disposed of through an agreement with the
                 Newmarket Wastewater Treatment Plant.


                 There are no plans for major expansion of the Sewer District in the near
                 future.   This means that there is a high potential for growth in the number
                 of septic systems in Town.      It is probable that the lion's share of future
                 development (during the next ten years) will be served by septic systems.

            B.   Soil Potential Ratings

                 Using national standards, virtually all of Newfields' soil types have
                 received a "severe" rating for septic system development.           In fact, there
                 are only a few soils throughout Rockingham County that are not classified
                 as having "severe" limitations for septic system development.              In light
                 of this, the Rockingham County Conservation District and the USDA Soil
                 Conservation Service developed a more meaningful set of land use guidelines
                 based on soil types.

                 In May 1987, the "Soil Potentials for Development - Rockingham County"
                 manual was published by the RCCD.             Five soil potential classes were
                 provided:    very high, high, medium, low and very low.          Low and very low
                 potentials are assigned to those soils having severe soil limitations,
                 with costs of design measures extremely high or prohibitive.

                 Map I - "Soils Suitability for Septic Systems" - depicts the general areas
                 of Newfields which have different soil potentials for septic system develop-
                 ment.    Soils with low and very low poiential were mapped because they had
                 limitations due to steep slopes or high water tables (as well as high shrink-
                 swell properties, short depths to bedrock, and stoniness).

            C.   Solid Waste Disposal

                 The Town of Newfields is a member of the Lamprey Regional Solid Waste
                 Cooperative.      Household trash is picked up weekly and trucked to the
                 district incinerator at UNH. Large noncombust*bl It - such as ap
                                                                      1 e 1 ans              -pliances
                 are presently hauled to the Newmarket dump throul@ an inter-municipal
                 agreement.




                                                        24



                                                                                              Town of                                        Newf ic Ids
                                                     S o I I                      S u i t a b 1. 1                                      L Y.             f 0 r                  S e P -1



                                                                  . .........
                                                              I=3

                                                                                                                                                      a-E



                                                                                                                                    MM





                                                                                                             Till
                                                                                                                                          -MIJ









                              ALIP I


                                                                 S c a I e    i n M i I e s

                                                   0                  1 /3               2/3

       o u r c e s        S o i I s P o t e n t i a I f o r D e v e I o p m e n t - R o c k i n g h a m C o u n L y                U   S   0    A
                          S o i I C o n s e r v a t i o n S e r v i c e a n d R o c k i n g li a ru C o u n t y C o n s e r v a t i o n
                          D i s t       M a y 19 8 7

                          C o m p I e x S y s t e m s R e s e a r c h C e n t e r            U N 11    F e b r u a r y 19 9 0          S o i I s
                          d e I i n e a t i o n b a s e d o n f i e I d w o r k              c o n d u c t e d b y t h e U S D A S o i I
                            o n s e r v a t i o n S e r v i c e       c o in p I e t e d i n 19 8 5          P r e I i m i n a r y D a t a
                          S u b j e c t t o C h a n g e

                          Prepared by the Rockingham Planning Commission, May 1990. SRG







           D.    Public Water Supply

                 Map F shows  the location of five public water systems, all of which draw
                 from groundwater.      Of these five systems, only the Newfields' Water
                 Department wells are defined by the N.H. Water Supply Engineering Bureau
                 as "community" systems.    The remaining wells are "non-community" systems.
                 A complete inventory of these systems is provided in Appendix III.

                 The Water Supply and Engineering Bureau requires periodic water quality
                 testing of public water systems throughout Newfields. In 1988, such testing
                 revealed unacceptable levels of volatile hydrocarbons at municipal well
                 number five (see Map F).       This discovery of contamination has resulted
                 in the closing of the bedrock well which has a capacity to pump at 30
                 gallons per minute. Appendix IV is a copy of the Organic Chemical Analysis
                 of the well indicating those substances exceeding primary standards.

                 Newfields' most significant public water system, in terms of service area
                 (1-32 square miles) and population served (423 residents), is the Newfields'
                 Water Department. The water system draws from 4 wells with a maximum daily
                 yield of between 50,000 and 55,000 gpd and an average daily production
                 of 47, 700 gpd.  The service area for the Newfields' Water System is shown
                 on Map F.

                 According to information contained in the report entitled "Southern N.H.
                 Water Supply Study, Volume 2, Appendices Draft, June, 1989", the water
                 quality 'from all four wells is good and no treatment is required, however,
                 chlorine is added.


                 Because of the well contamination discussed above, a moratorium on any
                 new service connections has gone into effect.      This situation is currently
                 being rectified by the addition of a sixth well to the system shown on
                 Map F as W6.    Capacity tests of this well have shown it to be capable of
                 sustaining yields of 85 gallons per minute.        Plans have this well being
                 incorporated into the municipal system by the early fall of 1990.



           VI.   EXISTING PROGRAMS AND POLICIES


                 Each ordinance and regulation in Newfields was reviewed for the purpose
                 of identifying the elements of each which have the potential to impact
                 on any of the.following eight water resource parameters (WRP):

                 1)   Erosion and sedimentation;
                 2)   Surface water flows;
                 3)   Groundwater recharge;
                 4)   Management of existing and potential contaminant sources;
                 5)   Flood storage;
                 6)   Encroachment on wetlands;
                 7)   Nutrient levels; and
                 8)   Wildlife and fisheries habitat.

           Building  Ordinance

           a.    Sewerage:  Section 2(b)2 requires that all septic systems must meet minimum
                 State and local standards (#7, #3).


                                                     26








          b.   Special Flood Hazard Area:       Article VIII:   Requires a permit for any
               construction or substantial improvement that proposes to alter or relocate
               a water course, prohibits any project which reduces the flood carrying
               capacity of a water course (#5, #2, #8).

          .Zoning Ordinance

          a.   Residential District:    Section 4-4-2(c) prohibits manure piles within a
               400 foot radius of Town wells (#3, #7).

          b.   Commercial District:     Section 4.5.1(b) mandates that the percentage of
               buildings and accessory structures shall not cover more than 30% of the
               lot area (#2, #3).

               Section 5.4.2(e) requires that during commercial excavations the minimum
               elevation shall be four feet above annual mean high water table and that
               drainage ways shall be provided to prevent ponding. Erosion control devices
               are required to prevent siltation (#l, #3).

          C.   Shoreland Protection District:   Article 11 provides performance standards
               and regulates certain land uses with specified district boundaries which
               could potentially damage water or environmental quality (#2, #4, #6, #8).

          d.   Aquifer Protection District:     Article 12 provides performance standards
               and prohibits certain land uses which are considered to be potential
               contaminant sources, within the Town's designated aquifers (#3, #4).

          Subdivision Regulations

          -    Section IV,(b) mandates that land subject to period flooding or poor
               drainage, or inadequate capacity for sanitary sewage disposal, shall not
               ordinarily be subdivided (#3, #5, #6).

          -    Section IV,(j) requires that in teh absence of public sewers, each lot
               must prove adequate area for the installation and operation of an individual
               sewage disposal system including information on percolation and test pits
               (#45 #7).

          -    Section IV,(l) requires a performance bond for road construction including
               drainage structures (#4, #5).

          -    Section V,(c)(d) requires that the preliminary subdivision plan shows the
               following information: existing watercourses, ponds, or outstanding water;
               existing water mains, sewers, culveris, drains and proposed connections
               or alternative means of providing water supply and disposal of sewage and
               surface drainage, designs of any bridges or culverts (#2, #4, #5).

          -    Section VI,(b)2 requires that the final plot plan display the following:

               -    drainage courses and easements(#2, #5);
                    proposed methods of sanitary sewerage and computations therefore,
                    with soils data showing res.ults and locations of percolation tests
                    and test pits(#4, #7);
               -    proposed storm drainage accompanied by a     drainage analysis map and
                    computation for the entire watershed area,   methods of supplying water
                    (#2) #8$ #7);

                                                  27








                     if a subdivision is to be served by a public water supp  ly or by public
                     sewers, a statement from the department involved, attesting to the
                     availability of such service (#3, #7).

                Section VII Road and Utility Standards require:
                     a)   sewer and drain construction must conform to Town standards,
                          drainage facilities be installed and constructed under supervision
                          of the Town Engineer (#2, #5).
                     d)   Street Construction
                          4.    subgrade and all ditches shall be constructed and maintained
                                so that drainage will not be impeded (#2, #5).
                     e)   Drainage Design
                          1.    drainage design must not direct run-off on to abutting
                                properties unless proper drainage easements are created
                                (#2, #5).
                          2.    drainage facilities must be adequate to accommodate potential
                                run-off from the entire upstream drainage area (#2, #5).
                          4.    no natural water course shall be altered or obstructed in
                                such a way as to reduce the natural run-off capacity (#l,
                                #2, #5).
                          5.    culverts shall be provided for any driveways which cross
                                a water course (#2, #5).
                          6.    drainage pipe design must be based on Burkli-Zeigler or
                                Rational Formula computations (#2, #5).
                     f)   Drainage Construction
                          2.    Catch basins and manhole covers shall be constructed in
                                accordance with Water Supply and Pollution Control Division
                                (#l, #2, #5).
                          4.    Concrete headwalls shall be constructed at the open ends
                                of any drain pipe where the same serveas outlets to the
                                drainage system (#1, #2, #5).

           Site Plan Review Regulations

                Section IX,(d),4, requires access parking and loading areas are constructed
                so as to minimize dust, eriosion and run-off conditions that would have
                a detrimental effect on abutting property (#1, #2, #5).

                Section IX,(d),8, water supply and sewage disposalfacilities are sized
                to adequately meet the needs of the proposed use under regulations of New
                Hampshire Water Supply Pollution Control Division (#3, #7).

                Section IX,(f), Required Exhibits:

                     sketch of site showing water bodies (#'s 1-8)
                     the size and proposed location of water supply and sewage facilities,
                     future expansion of same facilities, and distances from existing water
                     and sewage facilities (#3, #7)
                     the type and location of solid waste disposal facilities (#4, #7)
                     The location, elevation and layout of catch basins and other surface
                     drainage features (#l, #2, #5)






                                                   28










          VII. ANALYSIS


          Analysis Regarding Water Supplies

          According to the New Hampshire Water Supply Study, July 1989, 55 percent of
          Newfields population is served by the municipal water service and 45 percent
          is served by small, private wells.       It is assumed that the municipal system
          will experience growth gradually, but a ratio of service similar to the one
          existing will continue for at least the next 10 years.

          The Town of Newfields appears to have at least three potential sources for a
          future municipal water system.     These options (described more fully in Section
          IV) are listed below:

          1)    Drill additional wells into the Town's primary stratified drift aquifers
                (located near the Town Center and on the west side of Town).

          2)    Investigate the possibility of using the surface waters of the Piscassic
                River as a municipal water source as discussed in the Town Master Plan.


          3)    Pursue the concept of a regional water supply using the Lamprey River.
                (This option seems the least likely of the three.)

          .Analysis Regarding Other Water Resource Purposes

          a)    Discharges:  There are no significant sources that discharge wastes into
                the Town's surface water.       Therefore, there is presently no need to
                determine the "assimilative capacity" of Newfields' surface water
                resources.


          b)    Recreation:   Relative to other towns within Rockingham County, Newfields
                has..many streams and rivers. The Town also contains an extensive shoreline
                along the Squamscott River.    Water-related recreational activities include
                shell and fin fishing, boating, swimming, and skating.

                In 1977, the N.H. Office of State Planning published a study entitled:
                "Wild, Scenic, and Recreational Rivers for New Hampshire."     out of 67 other
                rivers being classified throughout the State, the study classified the
                Piscassic River as a "Recreational River" (and the Squamscott River as
                a "Scenic River").   The study defined recreational rivers as those:      which
                provide outstanding recreational opportunities in natural surroundings.
                These rivers should be protected for      their natural qualities which can
                provide for a wide range of active and passive outdoor recreation
                activities.  Recreational rivers should: be readily accessible,; have high
                water quality; have enough water to provide for fishing and canoeing; and
                be at least five miles long.

                The Squamscott River and Piscassic River are the most suitable waters for
                boating.   Canoeing is particularly popular along the Squamscott River.
                Newfields has one public access area: the Town's landing       at the foot of
                Squamscott Street.   Since the Town-owned landing has such a limited area
                (2 acres),' the, Town should investigatd acquiring additional land or
                conservation easements around this site.




                                                    29







                 The Piscassic Ice Pond   in Newfields has sufficient volume, quality, and/or
                 access to be suitable    for public swimming.    All water-related recreation
                 requires high water quality for an ideal experience.      Poor quality affects
                 the safe enjoyment of water recreation and impairs its aesthetic appeal.
                 Newfields must safeguard its surface water quality, particularly that of
                 the Squamscott and Piscassic Rivers, in order to provide the opportunity
                 of sports fishing, boating, and swimming for present and future townspeople.

           c)    Wetlands:  Wetland types found in Newfields include shrub swamps, shallow
                 and deep marshes, meadows, and forested swamps.        Lands with soil having
                 a high seasonal water table, and classified as poorly or very poorly drained
                 soils by the USDA Soil Conservation Service, are also considered to be
                 wetlands.  Wetlands are important, valuable, natural resources and worthy
                 of protection from   inappropriate use.    They have been found, in general,
                 to provide critical  ecological and socially valuable functions, including:

                 1)   provide habitat and reproduction areas for plants, fish and wildlife;
                 2)   help maintain ground and surface water levels;
                 3)   act as flood water storage areas;
                 4)   absorption and filtration of pollutants and sediments (caused by up-
                      stream erosion);
                 5)   provide opportunities for recreation and education;
                 6)   contribute to scenic values.

                 Many of the wetland areas in Newfields are adjacent to rivers and streams.
                 The  salt marsh along both sides of the mouth of the Squamscott River
                 represents approximately one half of all the marsh in the             Great Bay
                 estuarine system - over 400 acres (source: Great Bay National Estuarine
                 Research Reserve Management Plan - Draft;      N.H. Office of State Planning,
                 Concord, NH; January 1989).        This complex of extensive salt     marsh and
                 adjacent farmland is prime habitat for migratory waterfowl.        In addition,
                 four rare and endangered plants -- the large salt marsh aster, the exerted
                 and the prolific knotweeds, and the stout bulrush -- have been identified
                 in this area by the N.H. Natural Heritage Inventory.

                 The filling of and use of wetlands for building construction not only
                 destroys wetlands and their benefits, but may lead to groundwater contamin-
                 ation as well.     Leaching fields constructed in filled areas are likely
                 to be placed too near the seasonal,high water table below and to have an
                 inadequate receiving layer for proper treatment of the septic system's
                 effluent.


                 There is an ongoing need to protect       wetlands   in Newfields.     Statewide,
                 wetlands are under increasing development pressure due to the depletion
                 of the most developable land.     Although the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
                 and the State of New Hampshire have laws and regulations governing wetlands,
                 they do not always provide the degree of protection needed.              Existing
                 regulations look at each dredge and fill request as a separate application,
                 resulting in a piecemeal approach.        In addition, the inadequate number
                 of federal and State inspectors means that some wetlands are not
                 sufficiently protected.    A local wetlands ordinance enables the community
                 to protect wetlands in a Town-wide context. Unlike State and federal rules,
                 local regulations can give the Town control over the location of structures
                 and septic systems in relation to wetlands.          For these reasons, local
                 control over the use of wetlands should be instituted in Town.



                                                     30








           d)    Fisheries:     The Piscassic and Squamscott Rivers,and the Piscassic Ice
                 Pond are the most commonly fished water bodies in Newfields.                  These
                 resources, are  currently being stocked with anadromous fish by the N.H. Fish
                 and Game Department as part of a Statewide restoration program.                This
                 program involves stocking the rivers with game fish such as rainbow trout         '
                 river herring, American shad, steelhead, brown trout, salmon, and eastern
                 brook trout.


                 Newfields must safeguard its surface water quality in order to provide
                 the opportunity of commercial and recreational fishing for both present
                 and future townspeople.

           e)    Wildlife Habitat: River, stream, and wetland corridors provide the richest
                 habitat for the greatest number of fish, wildlife, and flora.            Fish and
                 wildlife populations cannot succeed within a limited range, and waterfowl
                 and other birds need ground-level nesting habitat.          Protection of these
                 linear corridors is essential to the stability of wildlife populations.

                 Riparian corridors (i.e., shorelands) also contribute much in terms of
                 recreational benefits, i.e., canoeing, hiking, fishing, birding, horse
                 trails, cross. country skiing, picnicking, etc.             Shorelands are also
                 sensitive due to flooding, erodibility, and proximity to open water. More-
                 over, soil type and percent slope typically limits the development potential
                 of a shoreland area.


                 The Great Bay Estuary provides prime habitat for many wildlife species.
                 According to a N.H. Fish and Game study, more than 90,000 birds reside
                 in the estuary (source: Inventory of the Natural Resources of Great Bay
                 Estuarine System; N.H. Fish and Game Department; December 1981).         Thousands
                 of Canada geese and black ducks rest and feed in the fall.             Osprey are
                 common in the spring and fall migration.       Three rare and endangered animal
                 species that live within in the estuary include the bald eagle, common
                 tern, and the common loon.

                 In addition to excellent coastal habitat, Newfields also has important
                 inland habitat areas.       Examples include: wetlands; river and stream
                 corridors;    forests such as coniferous, hardwood, and mixed woodlands;
                 and open lands comprised of meadows and fields. These habitat types support
                 a wide range of animals including game species such as deer, coyotes,
                 raccoons, rabbits, and pheasant.      Newfields' prime wildlife habitat areas
                 include the Squamscott River corridor, many acres of salt marsh, The
                 Piscassic River, Parting Brooke, and the Piscassic Ice Pond.

           f)    Hydropower:   There are no hydropower dams in Newfields, nor are there plans
                 for any in the future.     The hydropower market is not as strong as it was
                 ten years ago (during the height of the nation's energy shortage) because
                 of uncertain markets for electricity, environmental restrictions, and alter-
                 native power sources which aremore economical.

                 Harnessing hydropower is not always benign to the fish, animals, and people
                 that use the impacted river.       Hydro development can result in the loss
                 of productive habitat, degrade water quality, and cause direct mortality
                 of fish (especially juvenile fish traveling downstream) and other aquatic
                 organisms.




                                                      31








                 If, any hydropower. facilities are proposed in the future, no decision should
                 be made by Town officials until a thorough site review and evaluation is
                 performed. The cumulative impacts of hydropower dams along the river should
                 also be considered.


           g)    Fire Protection:    Newfields' Subdivision and Site Plan Review Regulations
                 enable the Planning Board to require fire safety facilities, such as fire
                 ponds and dry hydrants.        Historically, the Board has required at least
                 one fire pond and dry hydrant within or adjacent to a large development.
                 Considering the regular occurrence of wetlands throughout Town, development
                 engineers have had no problem locating areas suitable for fire ponds.

           h)    Conf licting Uses:     The principal conflict that exists between competing
                 uses involves the Squamscott River, which receives waste water flows from
                 the municipal sewage treatment plants of surrounding towns (i.e., Exeter,
                 Newfields, and Newmarket), and where recreational and commercial fishing
                 takes place. This conflict could be mitigated by upgrading these treatment
                 plants, and separating their combined storm sewers, and discouraging
                 significant increases of sewage loading to Great Bay.

           Management of Potential Threats

           Section III, "Potential Threats to Water Resources", presents a full discussion
           of existing and permitted future land uses that pose threats to water resources
           within Stratham.      A brief discussion of Stratham's primary potential threats
           to identified water resources, including mitigation measures, is presented below.

           1)    Road Salting:    Newfields contains three major highways (e.g., N.H. Routes
                 85, 87, and 108) that are heavily salted during winter months.               Certain
                 segments are located over parts of Newfields' primary aquifers (see Map
                 G).  Road salting should be minimized throughout Town, but especially along
                 roads that overlay aquifer areas. Road salt reduction methods are specified
                 in the following section under "Nonregulatory Programs"        #10.

           2)    Salt storage:    The Towns salt storage shed is located within the primary
                 aquifer utilized for municipal water service.          Even though this facility
                 is covered, Town officials should closely monitor potential leaching effects
                 on the aquifer.      If necessary, this site should be relocated.          The New
                 Hampshire State Department of Transportation salt shed           is locted within
                 the same aquifer on the west side of NH Route 108.

           3)    Agricultural runoff:       Areas of tilled farmland can be found throughout
                 Town.    Farmers should employ Best Mapagement Practices         (promoted by the
                 Soil Conservation Service) for manure, herbicides,               pesticides, and
                 fertilizers in order to minimize agricultural runoff that could be harmful
                 to surface an d groundwater resources.

           4).   Pesticide application:     Two sites in Town have been, and continue to be,
                 sprayed with pesticides.      In addition to using Best Management Practices,
                 "integrated pest management" using biological pest control should be
                 considered for these sites.


           5)    Underground storage   tanks: Eleven active or abandoned     underground petroleum
                 storage tanks have    been identified and described in      Appendix II.     All of
                 these should be considered potential risks to water resources.               Further
                 measures to manage underground storage tanks are described in section VIII.

                                                       32









           As a final note, most existing and future non-residential land uses, particularly
           those which use and discharge water, should be regarded as potential threats
           to surface and groundwater resources.     Sites with failing septic systems should
           also be considered potential threats to water resources.

           Additional management and protection techniques for water resources are described
           in the following section.



           VIII. RECOM14ENDATIONS


           Nionregulatory Programs

           It is recommended that the Town of Newfields employ the following nonregula-
           tory programs in order to manage and protect its water resources:

           1.   Through hydrogeologic studies and pumping tests the Town should determine
                the viability of its identified aquifers (depicted in Map F) as additional
                sources for the municipal water supply.

           2.   The Town should consider redefining the Industrial District.           As shown
                on the future land use map for the Town the northern industrial district
                lies almost entirely within the Town's primary high yield aquifer.

           3.   Educational and informational programs should be developed in order to
                provide the general public with an understanding of the operation, proper
                use, and maintenance of septic systems and leach fields (i.e., regularly
                pumping out septic tanks, avoiding disposal of hazardous or harmful wastes,
                etc.)    This would likely prevent unnecessary system contamination and
                failures, thereby protecting surface and groundwater resources.

           4.   Develop a septic system inspection program, especially for primary aquifer
                recharge areas, in order to ensure that these systems are adequately
                maintained.


           5.   Continue to promote and participate in the annual Household Hazardous Waste
                Collection, sponsored by the Rockingham Planning Commission.           For past
                collections, Stratham's share of the costs was funded directly by the Town.

           6.   Appropriate money for land acquisition to be used for the protection of
                land and water resource conservation areas.          There are generally five
                different methods for protecting these natural areas:

                a)   Land Purchase;
                b)   Option of Right of First Refusal;
                c)   Purchase and Resale;
                d)   Bargain Purchase;
                e)   Easements - Conservation Restrictions and/or Purchase of Development
                     Rights.

                Conservation funds enable the Town to act on short notice when a valuable
                parcel @of land is threatened.      This land may be of critical importance
                for protecting significant wetlands, shoreland, wildlife habitat, or
                recreational areas.



                                                     33








           1,   The Conservation Commission should also seek land acquisition funding
                through State and Federal grants (e.g. Trust for New Hampshire Lands, the
                Land and Water Conservation Fund, and the Pitman-Robertson Fund through
                the N.H. Fish and Game Department).

           8.   The Conservation Commission should work with people who own land having
                conservation potential by promoting the tax incentives associated with
                the donation of land or easement restrictions.      The Current Use Assessment
                Program also provides tax abatements on parcels of 10 acres or more or
                on "natural preserves" of any size.

           9.   The Newfields Planning Board should work with their counterparts in
                surrounding towns to promote land use planning practices that are mutually
                beneficial to protect the Squamscott River and Great Bay and common
                watersheds, wetlands, and aquifers.         Newfields may choose to develop
                inter-municipal agreements (pursuant to RSA 53-A) to protect these shared
                resources.   During the 1989 session, the N.H. Legislature approved Senate
                Bill 161 which authorizes agreements between municipalities to develop
                water resources management plans.

           10.  Continue and enhance the Town's program to reduce the amount of road salt
                used, especially in aquifer recharge areas.      The following methods should
                be employed:

                a)    Emphasize mechanical snow removal;
                b)    Mix sodium chloride with calcium chloride and/or sand to reduce the
                      total amount of sodium chloride applied;
                c)    Periodically re-calibrate salt spreaders so that they apply the correct
                      amount of salt/sand mix; and
                d)    Post areas where reduced salting is practiced, which will encourage
                      drivers to reduce speeds and drive more cautiously.

                This program should be adopted for both Town and State-owned roads.            In
                the meantime, the N.H. Department of Transportation should be notified
                of the Town's desire to reduce road salting within its primary aquifer
                areas.


           11.  Develop a program to inspect and maintain drainage control facilities,
                (e.g. catch basins and detention ponds, and culverts) throughout Town.
                If these devices become filled with sediment, they can no longer perform
                their function.


           12.  Develop a program emphasizing water conservation.        Using less water may
                increase the efficiency and       useful life of individual sewage disposal
                systems throughout Town.

           13.  Encourage farms and pesticide     users to employ Best Management Practices
                (BMP's) as prescribed by the Soil Conservation Service.           BMP's include
                storage of manure in concrete     pits, and more efficient and better timed
                application of fertilizer and pesticides.

           J4.  Develop a water quality data    'base for monitoring contamination events in.
                both surface and ground waters throughout Town.
           15.  The Planning Board should be kept informed by the Rockingham Planning Commis-
                sion regarding the availability and appropriateness of regional or State
                water resource data.


                                                     34









          16.   The Great Bay estuarine system has been designated as the Great Bay National
                Estuarine Research Reserve by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
                Administration (NOAA).   The Great Bay reserve is one of 17 throughout the
                country.   The research reserve system is a non-regulatory federal program
                that emphasizes research, education, and land protection.        The Office of
                State Planning has provided the initiative in establishing the program
                in New Hampshire, although once under full implementation, the State Fish
                and Game Department will assume program responsibility.

                Another organization committed to conserving the land and water resources
                of Great Bay is the Great Bay Estuarine System Conservation Trust (GBESCT).
                The GBESCT is a private, non-profit citizen's group whose membership is
                drawn largely from the Seacoast area.        Although originally organized as
                a local land trust, the GBESCT also has worked to protect water quality,
                as well as air quality and critical marine habitat.

                In order to promote the protection of the Great Bay Estuary, the Town should
                work with the abutting landowners, the Office of State Planning, the GBESCT,
                the Water Supply and Pollution Control Division, the Fish and Game
                Department, the Rockingham County Conservation District, and the Rockingham
                Planning Commission on wise land stewardship of the watershed.

          The costs of instituting these nonregulatory programs are expected to be vari-
          able, but relatively low. For example, any assistance provided by the Rockingham
          Planning Commission is either at reduced cost or no cost, as part of Newfields'
          annual membership in the Commission.

          The most expensive programs include hydrogeologic studies and land acquisition.
          Costs associated with land conservation efforts involving donations of land
          and easements would involve survey, legal, and recording fees.           The outright
          purchase of these lands or the purchase of development rights would obviously
          entail substantially greater costs.

          Household Hazardous Waste collection and disposal costs, which can be expensive
          even in a regional program, may in the future be covered by the dues paid to
          the Lamprey Regional Solid Waste District.       Matching funds are available from
          the Waste Management Division of the N.H. Department of Environmental Services.

          Virtually all of these nonregulatory programs could probably be carried out
          by existing voluntary and paid manpower.        It should not be necessary to hire
          ,additional personnel to conduct or supervise any of these activities with the
          possible exception of #2, establishing a septic system inspection program.
          Hydrogeologic studies, however, would require contracting with professional
          consultants.


          Regulatory Programs

          The Town of Newfields enforces a building ordinance, a zoning ordinance, sub-
          division regulations, and site plan review regulations.       All have been reviewed
          .and found to contain provisions specifically pertaining to            water resource
          protection.                                          4P.

          All options for regulatory programs (required by the State's Administrative
          Rules for water resource plans) were considered, and the following     new or revised


                                                    35








           regulatory programs are recommended in order to improve and/or enhance existing
           local water resource management and protection mechanisms:

           I.   A wetlands conservation district ordinance should be adopted by the Town
                to regulate land uses near wetland resources.

           2.   Erosion and sedimentation control regulations should be adopted by the
                Planning Board.    These regulations provide standards and guidelines for
                development planning, for the purpose of controlling erosion and preventing
                sediment transport to wetlands and streams. The Rockingham County Conserva-
                tion District has developed a model ordinance which the Town could use
                as a starting point.

           3.   Newfields should develop its own Underground Storage Tank (UST) regula-
                tions. Requirements to be considered are as follows:

                a)   Require the removal of all abandoned tanks;
                b)   Ban all new underground heating oil tanks with a capacity of less
                     than 1,100 gallons.   These tanks need not be registered with the N.H.
                     Water Supply and Pollution Control Division, thereby making them diffi-
                     cult to monitor and regulate;
                c)   Amend the Site Plan Review regulations to require development plans
                     to identify the location, type, content and capacity of each proposed
                     inground petroleum and chemical storage tanks in order to maintain
                     a current inventory.

                The N.H. Water Resources Action Project has developed other such guidelines
                which Newfields could use to develop and administer a local UST regula-
                tory program (source: "Guidelines for Controlling Underground Storage
                Tanks", Tools for Community Water Supply Protection, N.H. Water Resources
                Action Project, 1985, prepared by Sharon F. Francis, N.H. Natural Resources
                Forum, Sky Farm, Box 341, Charlestown, NH 03603).

           4.   Lar ge subdivisions and the associated roads and drainage facilities can
                have a negative impact on the environment, including water resources.
                The Subdivision Regulations should be amended to require an environmental
                impact study for large subdivisions to insure that the damage to the environ-
                ment is minimized.


           5.   The types of land uses reviewed under the Site Plan Review regulations
                may require large volumes of water.       These uses have the potential to
                deplete other wells in the area relying on the same groundwater resource
                for their supplies. Therefore, if a p@oposed land use requires large water
                supply volumes, the following information should be required:

                a)   The on-site location of the proposed well, its expected yield, pumping
                     duration and quantity (maximum) of water withdrawn;
                b)   Subsurface groundwater conditions (e.g., saturated thickness, direction
                     of groundwater flow, etc.);.
                c)   Location of abutting water supply wells, amount of water being pumped,
                     and maximum capacity needed;
                d)   Effect. of proposed use on abutting water supplies.

           6.   Amend the Subdivision and Site Plan Review regulations as follows:

                a)   Promote the use of catch basins designed to trap oil and sediments;
                b)   Encourage road designs that require less use of de-icing chemicals
                     (e.g. roads with minimal slope and/or turning radius, etc.);

                                                   36









               c     Require that runoff be retained on-site and that no degradation of
                     water quality shall occur. This will provide for groundwater recharge
                     through the infiltration of retained water.   This provision will also
                     safeguard abutting properties from increased flows which can cause
                     flooding and erosion damage.

          7.   The   Newf ields  Conservation Commission should consider mapping and
               documenting prime wetlands as authorized under RSA 483-A:7, and subsequently
               recommend their adoption as part of the Zoning Ordinance in accordance
               with RSA 675:3.    The State  of New Hampshire Wetlands Board is required
               to give special consideration  to prime wetlands during the review of dredge
               and fill permit applications.

          Generally, the cost of preparing   proposed amendments to regulations and ordi-
          nances is minimal.   Technical assistance can be provided at low or no cost by
          the Rockingham Planning Commission or the Rockingham County Conservation
          District. There would be some expense involved with complying with the statutory
          requirements for the publication of hearing notices.     The Town should not need
          to hire any personnel for the preparation of the proposed amendments to regu-
          lations and ordinances.


          Unless the members of the Conservation Commission possess certain technical
          qualifications relative to the mapping and identification of wetland areas or
          can obtain voluntary assistance from qualified residents, some funding may have
          to be budgeted for training or the provision of limited technical assistance
          for prime wetlands mapping.

          Since the goal of the surface and groundwater portions of this Plan is to assure
          that local land use decisions resulting from this planning process are based
          upon the most comprehensive   and reliable scientific and technical information
          available, it is important that all implementing ordinances and regulations
          include: (1) a process that allows applicants for local approvals to present
          documented scientific and      technical information which differs from the
          information used to prepare    this Plan; and (2) mechanisms that would enable
          local decision makers to consider the scientific and technical information
          submitted by the applicants prior to making a final decision.


























                                                  37














                                               APPENDICES




                APPENDIX I      Summary of Well Completion Report Data for the
                                Town of Newfields


                APPENDIX II     Inventory of Underground Storage Tanks

                APPENDIX III    Public Water Systems Inventory

                APPENDIX IV     Organic Chemical Analysis of Well #5







                                                                                                                                    SUMIARY OF WELL COMPLETION DATA
                                                                                                                                 jij@jmki@ (f 'kill.                  RiiiRl (1.414 101 11-i IMIN It flf@f"111(6                                                                                                                                                                                APPENDIX I
                          jkti             41.11                          NAME                                ROAD                               he             FARM                MY        Uohp         M RSN         ME         1010        BUD       CASING    VIII      YID         V10         Sit        MR&IRD(N                 0(  Noll
                          11,      u )l:'         I Jl                                             3,, 1. 1 Ic. I I R-J                                                             I". it    P., /11)/1)    0      5      1        V, 0        4 @-. .'it (1) CQ                                     31.12      12-1-12-S
                          III      441t,           0                                               U I t'-I I 1 9 1                                                                 II'I.Il   1--'. bol'11   P,                          c      t @.!4)                                               0.11)                               2
                                                                                                         hI     ;j                                                                                                                                        48 IM       1                      06                                           2   Y.
                          0.                 2 -, t          I'Zitnizi    RcV(A A;Cb1:.            Bill pill Rd                                                                                        I.)   I      I      1        24.6        14. 1,A)  '14M)       .1      1. (Ill     M. (ki      10 lit     2                        2
                          III      i j"I @51 'ti-ts          P. will.'    -I,                      Bild Hi I I Rd                                2, 1                                                                               3191.11     @5. 01    1111.19)            141         3. @111     10.14;     1 M,                                              k I a
                          I                                                                        (br'IA;IIs fiwN io Pic @5                                                                                                                    I(Au      A, (A)                          CO. (xj
                          171      01(  177- nil             M. C@'CJI icil                        HSII hilli Ra                                                                              9 -11fl/M      I      I      1        200 - it    C. M      20,00       3                   6. fit
                          I!       0@'7 !t I - 1.2-Iff 72    11. Roy                               K-lis nill Rd                                                                                                    I      I        3ab         3.00      20. (A)     3                   .1.50       4 0. (q)   1                        2
                          ;71      [I"JI I'57-;5V            R I I V6113ire                        Hills mill Rd                                                                              8.106/2(.      1      1      1        40111.0     15-00     311.011     S       1.00        2. 00                  124                      1
                                   t6   .9 171 Its           W. ;@.wlb                             IIAII lik Rd                                                                                              I      1      1        0,11.111    A. (11)   4 1.        3       1. I'A)     It.. 66                5                        2   it
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1      1        8(m. 6      5.oo

                                        .1) 9i f,                                                  Oi @ I 'i Js M
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    11-0.0      7.,25     4 2. fjfj   1       1.16.          'A       I!,.01     I                        I   It
                                                             j  dil 1                              111.1 lit RI                                                                                                                     .@Al. it    14 W      'M. 111!    1       1.16           al       11. 111)   A
                          11                                 w t.it 6@F   'j  I rt; Act L          Ric   163                                                                         lit. j                  I                      'j 1. It    t.S.to)   11.11:              1.14i       4. 41                  4
                                                             w 6                                   Ric   6                                                                                    V /04 /-A      I      I      I        ia. 1)      9.1m      2 1. (k                         a 00                   1                        1
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                "16.00    4 5. (Al    3       1). f (1    0. LYJ      I
                                                                I                                  Rte   8@                                                                          t it, 4  V ft),  'P.    I      i      I        it 5. (1
                                                                 Of LCLI it ajl@                   oil   Me    of                                                                                                                        0      3@. Ill)  @-O. (k.    3       (1. ! I  I M 0)                    124
                                   )2i  ibt-llas             luAl of                               cot   @lz   $I                                                                                                   I      I        I IM u      $5. (y)   i 0. Of)    3       0. It)      45.60                  Q                        2
                          IIIJjOl       1 19                 A. @Ilhc                              Ate   17                                                                         1?0.o     g@112/15       I      1      1        440.0       15. (A    25.110      3       1. wl       2.!0        MAO        3                        1   it
                                                                          sor:                     Fit   11                                                                                                                         240.11      0' w      i I M       I          1i       4.1'0                  1-4
                                        M-80                 E. i it: e,                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  2
                          IV. c-'t      11; 674              G. verl,ilit                          file  1?                                                                                   8.; /fill 18   1      1      1        1120. 1)              ISI.06                          1 S. (101              1-4                      2
                                   L I ?10S-144              M. Wocal j                            Ale   V                                                                                                                 0        &5.0                              1       8.1,10      15.C6       7. M       1-4-1)                   1   Jr.: I
                                                             6                                     Ali   l?                                      214            3                             11.411612-5    1      1      1        111.) 11    5111-Ul   76.00       3       (1.         511 (10                1                        2
                                        lb-81!               G. vir, i    it                       kit   V                                                                                    f. 101/19      1      1      1        1(0.0       at.ou     44.06       S                 100.01                   14                       2
                          I?.      @u   @1 7-9               0. alki,                              Ate   67                                      201)           27                            &.109/28       i      2      1        2110.0      5. 00     4 1. w      3       0.17        J.Aj                                            2
                                        %7- :8               6, ifl@      I t'i                    Ate,  E                                       214            1                             It. 106/29     1      1      1        ?00. 0      IjO. 00   81.00       3       0.11@       36. 4 1                                         2
                          .1l'uh        6cb. 5;14            A            s                        iti   El                                                                                                  I      1      1        202. 0      A. (111   31). (Xl    3       0, V)       25.00                  "1                       2
                                                             6            1! it                    Rte   U                                                                                                                          10                                                    1 S. ch                                         3
                                   (u."5 Ill 674                                                                                                                                              t. JO?l I a    I      I      I        1" .0                 1 sr (it    3                                          .1
                                                                                                                                                                                              a 1 /09/ 10                  1        X115. 4     f(p. M    9!,. Ili 1  3       0.0         30. Ill
                                   1"   It, I te             i  1 -:1-1 11.                        kit   0                                       214            d                                                                        1                                                                       111-4                    2
                                   ':'                       j  -.. j ki.A I                                                                                    iol 1,                        11-:11211 #    I      k      1                    3.(0      2 1. (it    3                   2. 03
                                   -0"  Y!A                  f. ril Ale                                                                                                                       t-404/01       I      1      1        3111.0      .650      "It.) - III '13     1 00        12. (K)

























                                                                                                                                      APPENDIX II



                                                                                                          INVENTORY OF UNDERGROUND                               STORAGE TANKS


             41111861001                mcwr Ili V             HOOPIRS 6111CRAL      SIORE                OR 2 Rif.     M                             ROWELL    I 11AISON   CO, INC.            (6031   112-2118       of        4,000  Now   In  Use           Fet(Ollus - Diesel
             01111861002                1111 If lit Ps         HOOPERS 6ENIPAt       SIORE                OR 2 RIE.     109                           ROME.     11 WAISON   CO.. INC.           16031   112-2418       Of        8,00   Now   lit Use           feitoleui - 61soline        I
             0IM96100S                  N(WfitLD5              HOOPM 6ENERAL         SIORE                OR 2 RIL.     108                           RON111.   I WAISON    CO, 141.            160")   1,12-241@      01        8.000  Now   In  Use           Felfaleve - 6isoline        v
             01105051001                MINI'Mos               XINGSION-NARRIN       CURFORAIION          ROUIE 65                                    MCSION-WARREH         CORPORAIION         160@)   )]?-)))1       01       20,000  mom   In  Use           12 H(AlIN6 OIL              v
             01105051002                litorlites             XINGSION WARREN       CORf*DhAllOW         Roull 65                                    KINGSION-11AMN        COR[ORAII011        16431   112-911        03       20,000  Now   In  Use           12 H[AIIN6 OIL              v
             01105060001                111111flitis           9111651011-WARREN     COfiF`ORAIIOH        SWAMSCOII     SIRM                          KINGSION-WARRIN       CORPORA1104         (643)   M-911          16       10.250  Now   In  U-.e          12 full OIL                 v
             02IM91001                  HEW[ lit DS            MINFIRDS (011NIRY 510RE                    AAIM 519fil                                 htwfltlos COUNIRT 51014                   16A))   659-2152       25        1.000  Now   In  Use           reltultus       61solior    U
             01101511002                M1111,11105            MENFiEtIls COUNIAW SIORE                   NAIN Simi                                   x[lifictos COUNIfty SIORE                 1605)   659-2152       25        1,000  NON   In  Use           pelloleI14      limline     U
             oiI2262001                 1111.111FIRDS          SIAIE Of N.M. 1.0.1. FAIROL 6              1101111 JQ8                                 51AIE Of NH DOI                           161M)   211-2055       OL        1,000  hug   In  use           retrultus       Diesel
             01121621002                91 If lit ps           SIAIE Of N.M.        11.0.1. FAIREM. 6     ROUIE 100                                   SIAIF Of fill 001                         16051   211-2055       06        4,000  NON   In  Ili: e        felfolm         o4ioline
             .0111262100)               Kill Ittos             SIAIf Of N.M.        D.O.I. FAIROt 6       h0tilt JOB                                  SIAIE Of NH DOI                           164m    211-2055       op        1.000  No%   In  use           12 full, OIL














                                                                                     APPENDIX III
                                                                    Public Water Systems Inventory










                                                                              PUBLIC WARR SYSTEMS INVENTORY                            Date:                             05*111117
                                                                             Va er upply          n@fneerli@q     reiu
                       See Map to Loczte System                            Water Supply A Pollution Control Div.
                      -)                      I                               Dept. of Environnental Services
                        ..............      J.ft ..........................             M.........           ...........  =..........    a.........................
               SYSTEM NAME                    LATITUDE/          OWIIER'S IIJUIE                      01INER'S                     TOIIN                           TELEPIC'JIE
                                                  LONGITUDE                                    MAILING ADDRESS                  (no Zip)                        (No Area COCO
                                           .....................       = .......              ....  ===..==  ..............     =.= ... Q= ..............          .............
               4cwFIELDS WATER DEPARTMENT      0430221/0705630                                    TOWN HALL                        NEWMARKET 'I                    NH 772-4627
               CONNORS BOTTLING COMPANY        0430IS6/0705644 ALFRED CONNORS                     P.O. BOX 196                     NEWFIELDS                       NH 772-3376
               4.11. PUBLIC WORKS A HWY. DEPT. 043024 3/07OSS58  VINCENT BATEMAN                  ROUTE 108                        NEWFIELDS                       NH 778-8876
               GREAT BAY CAMPING VILLAGE       0430249/0705646   GEORGE W. STAPLES                P.O. 1323                        SEABROOK                        NH 474-9029
               THE HALF BARN                   0430301/0705556   GORDON SWANSON                   ROUTE 108                        NEWFIELDS                       WH 778-7898






























































                                                                                               40







                                                                              APPENDIX IV                       PAGE 1


                                                                   State Of New Hampshire
                                           WATER SUPPLY AND POLLUTION CONTROL COMMISSION
                                                               WATER SUPPLY DIVISION 

                                                             Organic Chemical Analysis


            Sample No.:                 17999
            EPA No.:                    168015    -    BRW 2   BEHIND SCHOOL
            System Name              NEWFIELDS WATER DEPARTMENT
            Owners Name
            City or Town             NEWFIELDS
                    
            Person sampling:         RENE.
            Date SUbMitted:          09-18-85,15:28
            Date Completed:          10-14-85
            Person submitting:       PAC

            kaw/Treated/Unknown-
		AW_

            Comments

             TAP IN PUMP HOUSE

                             
                                                                      

             Test Name                                                       Result              Test Name                     Rusult
                                                                             (ug/l)                                            (ug/L)
																			   
                     Volatile Organics                                                         Volatile Organics (cont.)                                                         
                                                                                                    
            Benzene                                 <                         5.0000     *   1,2-dichloropropane                ND
            BeTa Xylene                             <                         5.0000     *   1,3-dichloropropene                ND
            Ortho and Para Xylene                   <                         5.0000     *   1,3-dichloropropane                ND
            Dichloromethane                         ND                                   *   Chlorobenzene                      ND
            Chlorodibromomethane                    ND                                   *   Dichlorobenzene                    ND
            Tribromomethane                         ND                                   *   Ethylbenzene                        <      5.0000
            Trichloromethane                        ND                                   *   Toluene					   <	    5.0000
            Chloroethane                                                                 *   Dichlorobromomethane               ND
            1,1-dichloroethane			    ND	                             *
            1,2-dichloroethane			    ND	                             *
            1,1,1-Trichloroethane                   ND                                   ********************************************************
            1,1,2-trichloroethane                   ND					     *	Pesticides & Herbicide
            Tetrachloroethane                       ND                                   *
            1,1-dichloroethylene                    ND                                   *    Endrin			(0.2)	
            dichloroethylene (c+t)                  ND                                   *    Lindane             (4.0)
            frichloroethylene                       ND                                   *    Methoxychlor        (0.2)
            Terrachloroethylene                     ND                                   *    Toxaphene		(0.5)
            Vinyl chloide										     *    2,4-D	 		(100.0)
            Bromomethane                                                                 *    2,4,5-TP Silver     (0.005)
            Chloromethane                                                                ********************************************************
            Trichlorofluoromethane                  ND                                   *                            Trihalomethanes
            Acetone					    ND					     *	
            Tetrahydrofuran				    ND					     *
            Diethylether                            ND                                   *    Total Tranalomethanes
             ethylethyl ketone			    ND					     *
             ethylisobuyl ketone                    ND					     *	


                                                           ug/L   =   micrograms per liter
                                                              >   =   greater then
                                                              <   =   less then
                                                             ND   =   none detected
                                                             PR   =   Present

            

                                                                                                    41
 

						APPENDIX	IV PAGE2
						

						STATE OF NEW HAMPSHIRE
					WATER SUPPLY AND WATER POLLUTION CONTROLL COMMISSION
						WATER SUPPLY DIVISION
			
						Organic Chemical Analyse

Sample No.:			47299
EPA No.			1681115 	MRW 2 DEH NO    001
System Name		  NEW FIELDS WATER DEPARTMENT
Owners Name
City or Town	  NEWFIELDS

Date sampled:	09-17-85 13:10
Person sampling:	RENE
Date Submitted:	09-18-85 05:20
Date Completed:	10-14-85
Person submitting:PAO
Comments:

TAP IN PUMP HOUSE

Test Name			MCL			Results		Test Name			MCL		Result
							(mg/)									(mg/l)


		Primary Standards								Secondary Standards

Arsenic		(0.05)			.0056			Chloride, Cl		(250)	    15.000
Barium		(1.0)							Copper, Co			(1.0)		
Cadmium		(0.010)						Iron, Pe			(0.30		.4000
Chromium		(0.05)						Manganese, MD		(0.05)	.0500
Lead			(0.05)			.0100			Sulfate, SU4		(250)		24.0000
Mercury	    (0.002)							Sodium,Na		    (20-250 	30.0000
Selenium		(0.01)			.0100			Turbidity		    (N.T.U.
Silver		(0.05)						Specific Connactance    (Mhos	      11.0000	
Nitrate/Nitrite   (10.0)			.2500			pH			    (units         7.8900
Fluoride, F		  (2.4)			.2000			Total Hardness  as     CaC03       108.0000
Coliform Bact./100 ml				    0			Calcium Hardness as    CaC03        54.9000
Non-Coliform Bact.				    0			Total Alka       as    CaC03	     123.2000	
Iron Bacteria								TDS (for Dis. Sol.)    (500)
Coliform, Tot. MPN/100							Corrosive Indices
	Other Heavy Metal								    Aggressive
Aluminum, Al					.0600				    Langelier
Antimony, Sb								Color (15 apparent units)
Molybdenum, Mo								Foaming Agents MBAS (0.5)
Vanadium, Va								Hydrogen Sulfide	 (0.05)
Zinc, Zn						.0300			Odor           (3 T.O.N.)
										Temperature           C. 
	Radioactivity							      Radioactivity (cont.

Gross Alpha    (15p0/1)							Uranium
Radium 226,228  (5p0/1)							Radon						1939.0000

				mg/l = Milligrams per liter - (otherwise noted)
				CN   = Confluant Growth
				}    = greater than
				{    = less than
				ND   = none detected
				PR   = Present
				pC/l = picocuries per liter



								42




                                            APPENDIX IV    PAGE 3

                                                                       



                                 State  of New Hampshire
                   WATER SUPPLY AND POLLUTION CONTROL      COMMISSION

                                  Water Supply Report

      Reporting and Billing Address
     --------------------------------


         NEWFIELDS WATER DEPARTMENT
         ATT: WENDELL SARGENT
         RFD #2
         NEWMARKET, NH     03857


        Sample Location

     EPA Number:          1681015
     Owners Name:         RENE
     System Name:         NEWFIELDS WATER DEPARTMENT
     City or Town:        NEWFIELDS


     Additional Information

     ----------------------------
     Sample No.:              52229 
     Person Sampling:     RENE     
     Date sampled:                  
     Date Received:
     Date Complet:
     Person Receiving: HOWARD




     Comments:


     PUMP STATION     DUPLICATE OF 52228


                  




                Test Name                      Result            Standards             Above
                                            (see units) Recommended     Allowable      Limit

     Methane,  dichloro-       ug/L     ND
     Methane,  dichlorobromo-  ug/L     ND
     Methane,  tribromo-       ug/L     ND
     Methane,  trichloro-      ug/L     ND
     Methane,  tetrachloro-    ug/L     ND
     Methane,  chlorodibromo-  ug/L     ND
     Ethane,  1,1 dichloro     ug/L     ND
     Ethane,  1,2 dichloro     ug/L     ND
     Ethane,  1,1 ltrichloro   ug/L     ND
     Ethane,  1,1,2trichloro   ug       ND
     Tetrachloroethane         ug/L     ND
     Ethylene, 1,1 dichloro    ug/L     ND
                                              43
 




                                    APPENDIX IV     PAGE 4
      Ethylene,   trichloro       ug/L     ND
      Ethylene,   tetrachloro     ug/L     ND
      Propane,   1,2 dichlorc,    ug/L     ND
      1,3dichloropropane          ug/L     ND
      Benzene                     ug/L       <      5.OM"
      Benzene  .. chloro          ug/L     ND
      Benzenes, dichloro          ug./L    ND
      Benzene, ethyl              ug/L     ND
      Toluene                     ug/L     ND
      Xylene meta isomer          ug/L     ND
      Ethylene, chloro            ug/L     ND
      Methane,trichlorofluoroug/L          ND
      Styrene                     ug/L     ND
      Acetone                     ug/L     ND
      Tetrahydrofuran             ug/L     ND
      Diethyl ether               ug/L     ND
      Methyl ethyl ketone         ug/L     ND
      Methyl isobutyl ketone      ug/L     ND
      Propene 1,3 dimethyl t      ug/L     ND
      Xylenes (ortho & para)      ug/L     ND
      Trichlorotrifluoroeth.      ug/L     ND
      1,2Dichloroethylene c+tug/L          ND
      Cyclohexane                 ug/L     ND
      ChlorofluoroMethane         ug/L     ND
      DichlorodifluoroMethaneug/L          ND
      DichlorotrifluoroEthaneug/L          ND
      ----------------------------------------------------------------------------


          cts/100ml    = Counts per 100 ml                 SC     = Screen Sample
          CN           = Confluent                         >=     = Greater than or equal
          >            = Greater than                      <=     = Less than or equal
          <            = Less than                         @@     = Sample of MCL
          ND           = None Detected                     PR     = Present
          DE           = Deleted.


























                                              44




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