[From the U.S. Government Printing Office, www.gpo.gov]





                                                                                      Task 55         FINAL PRODUCT Gloucester counw
                                                                                      FY W          Creative Rural Development Program





                                    Program Development Manual
                                                              for a                            I
                            Creative Rural Development Ordinance


                                              Gloucester County, Virginia
                                                       November 1994


                                                                  EUR


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                                                  VCRMP Grant Program
                                                          FY 1993-1994




                                    This docutnent wu funded, in pat, by the Depw=ent of Environmental  Coma
                                    Resources M"ement Progmm through Grant # NA37OZ03WI of tha= 00"k
                                    and Atmospheric Adminkroian, Office of Cown and Comal Ruoufu Manigemeftt, Under
                                    the comal Zone Mougownt Act of 1972, as mundta.






                                                                                             V







                                             ogram Developm-cm Manual
                                       Cpr
                                                          for a
                                    Creative Rural Development Or-dInance


                                              Gloucester County,,.Yi.,r7g1pia
                                                    November .1114.





                                          PROGRAM NARRAT.fVE





                    Creative Rural Development Ordinance                                       Program Manual


                                                  GLOUCESTER COUNTY
                                  CREATIVE RURAL DEVELOPMENT ORDINANCE
                                                    PROGRAM MANUAL



                    Preface

                    This manual describes one locality's efforts to produce a package of ordinance revisions
                    designed to manage rural development. It documents the VCRMP grant funded
                    process which achieved that goal. The authors of this work hope that the manual will
                    assist other jurisdictions trying to come to terms with increasing rural development
                    pressures. Gloucester County would like to thank the following for their participation
                    and support:

                                      The Virginia Department of Environmental Quality
                                    The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
                                       The Chesapeake Bay Local Assistance Department
                                    The Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries
                                                       LDR, International
                                                    Smith Demer Normann
                                                          Kellerco, Inc.
                                     The Middle Peninsula Planning District Commission
                                      The Hampton Roads Planning District Commission




                    Introduction


                    Gloucester County is located on Virginia's Middle Peninsula, on the north shore of the
                    York River. The County's 225 square miles remain primarily rural, but recent growth
                    trends have begun to threaten the rural features which make the County attractive to
                    growth in the first place. This irony is. not unique to Gloucester, but its impact here is
                        i larly acute. Between 1980 and 1990, the rural sections of the County grew by
                    particu
                    roughly 100%. This number, taken in isolation, is cause for alarm, but the County's
                    growth patterns are even more important than its growth rates. The northern, more
                    rural sections of the County have absorbed the majority of recent growth, and that
                    growth has occurred in a scattered, sprawling fashion. The impacts of this type of
                    development on rural character and environmental quality are subtle but significant;
                    small subdivisions gradually erode the open space systems which form the rural
                    landscape. As previously suggested, the situation is common throughout Virginia, and
                    enacting measures to deal with the phenomenon proves extremely difficult.

                    Gloucester County's Comprehensive Plan of 1992 establishes the need to take
                    definitive steps to manage rural growth. It recommends strategies to deal with both
                    the density and the pattern of rural residential development. Specifically, the Plan


                    Gloucester County 1994                                                             Page I





                   Creative Rural Development Ordinance                                       ro m Manual


                   recommends adoption of ordinance language to encourage clustered residential
                   development in conjunction with permanent open space preservation. The Plan
                   establishes a broad geographic area for implementation of the cluster concept. an
                   tandem with this rural strategy, the Plan establishes a Development District, where
                   public sewer and water should be utilized to support the bulk of future development.)

                   Given the wide range of factors involved in enacting a successful rural development
                   ordinance (market forces, farmland preservation, environmental preservation, quality
                   of development, and fiscal impact of development), the County decided early in the
                   implementation process to hire a planning consultant to accomplish the scope of work.
                   The County also decided to look to the Virginia Coastal Resource Management
                   Program for funding, given the project's primary goal of preservation of open space
                   systems. The grant proposal clearly linked rural development patterns to preservation
                   of coastal resources, and the proposal received funding for fiscal year 1993-1994. A
                   copy of the grant proposal is included as Appendix A.

                   This manual discusses the following items: the consultant hiring process; necessary
                   background studies; formulation of the ordinance language; public input and
                   implementation.



                   Hhing a Consultant

                   When County staff began the process of drafting a request for proposals, they decided
                   to emphasize two critical items: the need to link rural development patterns to
                   environmental quality, and the comprehensive scope of the project. It was felt that if
                   these two factors were understood, consultants responding to the RFP could propose
                   solutions in an informed context. Within that context, the R-FP avoided (to the extent
                   possible) specific program requirements.      The document stated basic goals and
                   pertinent background material, but left a deliberate degree of flexibility. This allowed
                   the County to analyze creative responses, and to gauge the degree to which
                   respondents understood the issues involved. Furthermore, the County was looking for
                   a consultant who could provide direction in this implementation project; and a flexible
                   RFP encouraged respondents to suggest appropriate approaches. The decision not to
                   limit the project at this stage with an overly specific R-FP paid off, since creative,
                   workable responses resulted. A copy of the RFP is included as Appendix B.

                   Of six respondents, four consultant teams were interviewed. The County's interview
                   team consisted of the County Administrator, the Purchasing Director, the
                   Community Development Director, and the Senior Planner. The team conducted the
                   interviews in a fashion which made clear the fact that the County sought direction as
                   to how the project should proceed. The successful consultant demonstrated two
                   things: an understanding of the comprehensive scope of the project, and a creative



                   Gloucester County 1994                                                          -page 2






                    Creative Rural Development Ordinance                                        Program Manual


                    approach to the issues outlined in the UP. The final scope of work reflects these
  4D                factors - it is included as Appendix C.


                    The Background Studies

                    The background research called for in the scope of work turned out to be the key
                    element in the process described herein.        Exhaustive research accomplished two
                    important objectives: it ensured that the ordinance language was responsive to market
                    conditions; and it identified the nature and location of features worthy of preservation
                    efforts.

                    The project began with an assessment of agriculture and silviculture in Gloucester
                    County. This effort extended the project team's knowledge of the current and future
                    status of these rural uses. It was agreed early on that any successful preservation effort
                    would require such knowledge. The consultants began with interviews of key players
                    in the agricultural economy. These included the local extension agent, individual
                    farmers, and representatives from the Soil and Water Conservation District. In
                    addition to the knowledge it provided the study team, the interview effort proved
                    vital as a public education and notification tool. With information gained by means of
                    the interviews, combined with related research results, consultants were able to
                    identify the geographic areas in which the principal farmers operate. When this
                    information was combined with the mapping of large agricultural fields (see physical
                    features analysis below), the essential farmland preservation areas became clear. All of
                    this information was submitted as a discrete report (see Appendix D).

                    In conjunction with the agricultural assessment, a thorough physical features analysis
                    took place. The goal was to further refine the desired pattern of rural development.
                    By overlaying farmland preservation areas with physical features, a realistic depiction
                    of valuable open space systems could be portrayed. To accomplish this, consultants
                    analyzed erodible soils, slopes, prime forest stands, septic tank suitability, groundwater
                    limitations, and the presence of threatened and endangered species. As these features
                    were mapped, patterns of suitable and unsuitable land began to appear.

                    The final, and in many ways most Imiportant, step in the background analysis process
                    involved a market analysis of rural residential trends and a buildout projection based
                    on the County's Comprehensive Plan. In order for the creative rural development
                    ordinance to be effective, the project team agreed that market factors would need to be
                    recognized and taken advantage of The buildout projection enhanced the team's
                    understanding of future development patterns and intensities.            Essentially, the
                    consultants projected future rural population based on density recommendations
                    established in the Comprehensive Plan, in an effort to answer the question: "If this
                    Plan builds out, how may rural residents can the county expect, and where will they
                    live?"



                    Gloucester County 1994                                                             page 3





                      Creative Rural Development Ordinance                                                    m Manual



                      The background analysis produced a rural development map which                          the areas
                      where rural development was most appropriate. The map is included in Appendix D.
                      The studies indicated that the buildout numbers foreseen by the Comprehensive Plan
                      could be sustained in a much more manageable pattern. That is, by encouraging rural
                      development to locate in appropriate areas, and by providing incentives for cluster
                      development, the County could preserve rural character and environmental quality
                      while retaining previously agreed upon development rights. The rural development
                      map also began to solidify zoning implications, and served as a starting point for
                      drafting the language.



                      Drafting the Language

                      The rural development scenario relies heavily on the residential cluster concept. The
                      Comprehensive Plan specifically recommends the technique as a way to preserve rural
                      character and encourage high quality development. At one point during the process, a
                      mandatory cluster provision for developments over a certain size was considered, but
                      the draft language retaiins the cluster technique as an encouraged option.                   It is
                      important to keep in mind that market conditions factored into the entire process.
                      One of the primary concerns of the project team was that a rural development
                      ordinance would be drafted which had no realistic chance of working. Based on the
                      market research performed, the consultants included a range of lot size possibilities for
                      cluster development, which adequately respond to market demand.

                      The language also includes several incentives to encourage cluster development. First
                      of all, the cluster option allows developers to take advantage of a density bonus. The
                      range of bonuses allowed was carefully crafted so as not to violate desirable buildout
                      numbers. Also, and perhaps most importantly, a road building incentive is included.
                      Because cluster developments can include smaller lots with smaller road frontage
                      requirements, road construction costs will prove significantly lower under the cluster
                      option. The project team sees this clear financial incentive as the strongest point of the
                      strategy in terms of realistic chances of implementation.

                      The element of the rural development ordinance which involved perhaps the greatest
                      amount of trepidation and debate was that of what do with the preserved open space
                      resulting from development of a cluster subdivision. Who would own and maintain
                      the land? What uses were appropriate? These and many other questions were asked
                      during the process to ensure that the land preserved was more than just left over space.
                      Obviously, the County's natural resource preservation goals meant that the viability of
                      the preserved area as an open space system would guide the language drafting process.
                      The ability of these preservation parcels to support farming and forestry also played a
                      key role, consistent with the findings submitted in the agricultural assessment report
                      discussed earlier. The resultant language sets up a process whereby the purpose of the


                      Gloucester County 1994                                                                     page 4





                    Creative Rural Development Ordinance                                       ro m Manual


                    preservation parcel will guide the development of the residential lots. Such purpose
                    will be clearly defined up front, within permitted use guidelines, and limits will be
                    placed on future division of the preservation parcel. Although it proved to be the most
                    difficult part of the cluster concept, the draft language suggests an approach to the
                    preservation parcel which responds to agricultural and market conditions, which will
                    preserve open space systems, and which will result in higher quality rural
                    development.

                    A significant challenge in developing the rural development ordinance involved
                    making sure that the language responded directly to the background work and the
                    rural development map. As previously stated, the strength of this entire process lies in
                    the exhaustive background research performed, and as new zoning ideas developed, the
                    project team occasionally found it necessary to refocus. In particular, the link between
                    the zoning pattern established by the background work and the zoning concepts under
                    scrutiny proved particularly difficult to maintain. The translation of zoning concepts
                    into buildout numbers proved necessary to maintain the integrity of the entire growth
                    management strategy. Consequently, the cluster concept is applied differently in
                    different geographic circumstances. As can be seen in the attached language (Appendix
                    E), density formulas and lot size ranges vary for each of four zones: Rural Countryside,
                    Suburban Countryside, Conservation, and Hamlet Cluster. The location and intensity
                    of these zones relates directly to the goals established by the background research.

                    The language also includes a Rural Business District. Although not originally part of
                    the rural development ordinance concept, the Rural Business District will convey
                    significant advantage to overall implementation. First of all, by providing rural
                    residents with a local option for day to day commercial needs, the County hopes to
                    reduce traffic demand on major highways. The transportation and environmental
                    benefits of this strategy are obvious. Also, in conjunction with the Hamlet Cluster
                    option, the Rural Business District will encourage development of small rural village
                    type subdivisions with permanent open space systems.

                    Appendix E also includes necessary Subdivision Ordinance and Comprehensive Plan
                    amendments necessary to implement the rural development concept. Primary among
                    the subdivision amendments is the requirement of public roads in all new subdivisions.
                    Currently, a significant portion of the County's rural residential developments take
                    place in the form of scattered private road subdivisions. The approach requires less
                    time and money investment by the developer, and is frequently used. Implementation
                    of the new public road proposal will prove critical to successful implementation of the
                    cluster concept. As stated earlier, reduced road building costs offer a significant
                    incentive for developing a cluster subdivision. However, if the private road option
                    continues, the incentive will not prove as effective.






                    Gloucester County 1994                                                           page 5






                   Creative Rural Development Ordinance                                      .. Program Manual


                   Implementation Status

                   The Board of Supervisors has held a public hearing on the full revision package
                   (including the Zoning Ordinance, Subdivision Ordinance, and Comprehensive Plan
                   amendments), but no action has been taken. Simply stated, the package needs further
                   public input and refinement. Organizing the hearing proved rather difficult, because
                   the critical background material was so voluminous and complex. For ease of
                   presentation, a summery report was drafted and used at the hearing. That report is
                   included as Appendix F. Despite efforts to emphasize the background analysis in the
                   summary report, parts of the revision package had to be presented in an incomplete
                   context.      This problem was minimized by holding a joint Planning
                   Commission/Board of Supervisors worksession prior to the public hearing. A great
                   deal of the background information was presented at the worksession, and members of
                   both bodies had a chance to get questions answered in an informal setting.
                   Nevertheless, since the hearing ultimately focused on the revision package, contextual
                   problems still exist, and Gloucester faces a significant public education challenge. This
                   is in part due to the timing of the public hearing. The County's contract with the
                   grant funding agency required that a revision package be taken to the hearing level
                   within a certain timeframe.         The County understands the necessity of this
                   requirement, but in Gloucester's case, the hearing (which occurred prior to significant
                   input from the Planning Commission) suggested premature action. Although no
                   action was taken, and the package will now go back to the Commission, the process
                   did suffer significant disruption.



                   Conclusion


                   Gloucester County's Creative Rural Development Ordinance proved to be an
                   extremely comprehensive project. The combination of physical features, market
                   forces, and buildout analysis which factored into the final product turned out to be
                   more than the project team initially expected. This background work, however,
                   proved to be the driving force behind a process which resulted in a strong ordinance
                   revision package which meets the team's expectations. The background studies not
                   only ensured viable policy options, it helped build public support from the beginning.
                   The interviews described earlier in this document made all of the key players aware of
                   the project. The timing of later public education efforts was hampered by the grant
                   schedule and required public hearing, but these early efforts proved critical. Work
                   remains to be done on the product, but the process described herein produced a solid
                   base with considerable consensus built in.









                   Gloucester County 1994                                                             page 6







 0














                        APPENDIX A





                      GRANT PROPOSAL
0














 0



                                        FY'93   Attachment ATask 55
                                               NA370ZO360-01



                              COVER SHEET           9 1993
       1993 VIRGINIA COASTAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT PROGRAM GRANT

         1.   Legal Applicant (Name, Organization, Address, Phone):
              Gloucester County           (804) 693-4040
              Post Office Box 329
              Gloucester, VA 23061


         2.   Project Manager.           Phone:
              Jeff Haughney               (804) 693-4040

         3.   Project Title:

              Creative Rural Development Program
         4.   Area of Project Impact:
              Rural Sections of Gloucester County (As depicted on Appendix A)
         5.   Project Start and End Dates:
              October 1, 1993 - Start
              Seratember 30, 1994 - End
         6.   Pr;ject Duration (in months):
              12

         7.   Proposed Funding
              a. Federal 1: 40,000
              b. Match  ): . 49,000
              c. Total  1: 89,000

         8.   Brief Description of Project (Do not simply refer to attached):
              The purpose of this project is to develop ordinance language which provides
              develocment incentives for enhanced compliance with Cormrehensive Plan goals
              and wi@h environmental preservation initiatives. The pr'ogram will specifically
              address rural development occurring outside targeted growth areas to en-
              courage clustering, preservation of open space systems, and preservation of
              native vegetation as an integral part of development design. Progress will
              be monitored and docxTented in a program development manual.


         9.   Products/Deliverables:

              -program Development Manual

              -Creative Rural Develoarent Ordinance
         10.  Individual Authorized to Make Application:

              a. Typed Name and Title     b. Signature and/Date

              Jeff Haughney, Director

              Community Development &Codes Compliance











                                                        BUDGET
              1-993 VIRGINIA COASTAL RESOURCES MANAGFIAENT PROGRAM GRANT




                Agency/Locality         Gloucest-er Countv
                Project Title          creat-ive Pural De  veloaTent ordinance
                Principal Contact      Jeff Haughney, Direr-ttor of Ccm=itv Developmp_rlt



                Catggories                  Federal Funds               Matching Funds             Total

                a. Personnel                                          $42,000.00                 $42,000.00


                b. Fringe Benefits                                      7,000.00                   7,000.00


                c. Travel



                d. Equipment


                e. Supplies


                .E  Contractual        $40,000.00                                                401000.00


                g. Construction


                h. Other


                i. Total Direct       $40,000.00                      49,000.00                  89,000.00
                   Costs (a-h)


                j. Indirect Cost

                k. Total Cost         $40,000.00                     49,000.00                  89,000.00












           CBJECTIVE AlM DELIVERABLE:

           Gloucester County, utilizing WRMP grant funds, 'recently adopted a Comprehensive
           Plan Update which addresses preservation of the County's rural and environmental
           quality. The Plan seeks to accomplish its goals by concentrating growth in a 40
           square mile Development District, and by closely managing growth which occurs
           elsewhere.    For the effort to succeed, Gloucester will need to focus careful
           attention on adopting ordinance language which encourages a sustainable
           development pattern for growth occurring outside the Development District. A
           specific goal of such an ordinance will be to provide density bonus incentives
           for improved compliance with environmental protection initiatives.

           This project's object ive is to realize zoning ordinance amendments which respond
           to Comprehensive Plan goals, and which specifically seek to manage rural growth
           in an enviromentally sound manner. In particular, ordinance objectives would
           include: concentrating development on suitable land; protecting existing
           vegetation; and permanently preserving significant open space system, including
           wetlands, shorelines, floodplains, farms, and,forests. Cne direct benefit will
           be the ability to include, as part of the review and approval process, enhanced
           management techniques for agricultural and silvicultural activities proposed as
           open space under the new ordinance provisions.

           The following deliverables will result fram the proposal:

           1. A Program Development Manual - The manual will document every aspect of the
              ordinance amendment process, citing appropriate models and outlining the
              decision making process which generates final solutions. It will provide a
              model to other jurisdictions, by focusing on technical, political, and fiscal
              aspects of developing creative rural development ordinances.

           2. A Rural Development Ordinance - Gloucester County will create or augment an
              ordinance designed to implement the goals of the Comprehensive plan relating
              to rural and environmental preservation. The ordinance will be taken to the
              public hearing phase, and will attempt to cluster onto suitable land
              development which occurs outside the targeted Development District. An
              equally important result will be the permanent preservation of significant
              environmental features, through open space requirements. The County will
              specifically focus on preservation and establishment of native vegetation,
              both as part of individual lot design, and as part of open space
              preservation. Furthermore, as part of the ordinance development process,
              Gloucester will research ways to encourage enhanced management techniques for
              farming and forestry tracts proposed as permanent open space. The overall
              intent of the ordinance will be to enhance canpliance with Comprehensive Plan
              goals and with environmental protection ordinances.







                                                                                                0




             BACICRCUND AND JUSrIFICATTON:

             From 1980 to 1990, Gloucester County grew by 50% to 30,000 residents, with
             growth rates exceeding 100% in the County's rural northern section. Current
             land use management ordinances have proven insufficient in fostering an
             environmentally sound developient pattern, to the effect that shorelines, steep
             slopes, metlands, and floodplains are threatened. Gloucester's vast waterfront
             continues to attract new develoument; erosion control and other environmental
             protection ordinances have proven helpful in protecting shoreline resources, but
             new provisions, which relate directly to rural development patterns are also
             necessary. A creative development ordinance, which includes incentives 4for
             clustering development on suitable land, preserving systems of open space, and
             incorporating native vegetation into developrent design will fill this gap.

             Effective management of Gloucester County's Development District will obviously
             prove essential in maintaining the County' s'environmental character, since
             concentrating growth where public sewer and water are available represents the
             most direct route the County can take toward growth management. Efforts to
             achieve these goals will prove useless, however, unless supplemented by
            .effective rural planning and implementation. Growth pressure remains most
             intense in the rural sections of Gloucester County, and rural management
             ordinances nust be developed which act in tandem with Development District
             provisions. Current rural develoFment patterns result in sprawling large lot
             subdivisions which largely ignore sensitive areas such as erodible soils, steep
             slopes, floodplains, and wetlands. Another effect of this development pattern
             is the loss of opportunity to utilize indigenous vegetation for its aesthetic
             and environmental benefits. Clearly, if these trends are to be reversed,
             cluster development techniques will prove necessary.

             Furthermore, although jurisdictions throughout Virginia have adopted significant
             erosion control and wetlands protection ordinances, agricultural and
             silvicultural activities remain largely exempt. A rural developnent ordinance
             which encourages preservation of farmland as permanent open space could also
             include: incentives for enhanced agricultural best management practices.
             Resulting techniques would not only guarantee the quality of a particular open
             space system, but would provide models for replication.

             The link between land use and water quality recently has been the subject of
             state-wide debate and legislative action; clearly, a land use ordinance
             amendment strategy meets the goals of Virginia's Coastal Program. Project
             results will be used to manage rural growth creatively, recognizing that large
             lot zoning often exacerbates thLz environmental problems it is designed to
             prevent.    The proposal will produce tangible results in terms of erosion
             control, habitat preservation, and water quality protection, thereby enhancing
             compliance with numerous envirornental regulations.

              NOM:   The proposed study area (Appendix A) contains the following Hydrologic
                     Units: CII, C12, C13, C14, C15, and F02 (Appendix B). The Department of
                     Conservation and Recreation ranks CII and C14 as high non-point source
                     priorities, and ranks all others within the study area as medium
                     priorities. The proposed rural growth management initiative directly
                     addresses developnent issues affecting non-point source pollution.














           SCOPE CF WORK:


           Gloucester Coun@
                            .y will contract with a consultant to review the County's zoning
           ordinance and propose amendments which respond to environmental and rural
           preservation goals outlined in the County's Comprehensive Plan. The success of
           the project will also depend on the participation of the following parties:
           local planning staff, the Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation,
           the Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries, the Alliance for the
           Chesapeake Bay, the Tidewater Soil and Tlater Conservation District, the Virginia
           marine Resources Camnission, local developers, and the citizens of Gloucester
           County.

           The task will be as follows:

           A Program Develognent Manual
           An appropriately procured consultant will work with local staff over the span of
           the project to develop a program manual. The manual will include technical-,
           political, and fiscal information designed to provide the reader with a complete
           understanding of how to develop and implement an environmentally targeted
           creative development ordinance in a rural area. Assistance will be solicited
           from the above referenced agencies to ensure the manual's usefulness to other
           localities.


           A Rural Developnent Ordinance
           The consultant and local staff, in cooperation with a citizens committee
           established specifically for the task, and with the full participation of the
           above referenced agencies, will develop ordinance language which provides viable
           incentives for enhanced compliance with Comprehensive Plan goals and
           environmental protection initiatives, including preservation of native
           vegetation.    Similar ordinances from other jurisdictions will be analyzed to
           determine implementation success, and appropriate models will be used. Local
           staff will conduct informational hearings prior to public hearings for adoption.
           Specific attention will be paid to soliciting input from citizens and the
           developnent cammunity.






















                                                   cz















              TIME SCHEDULE:

                       Task                            Completion Date

              Consultant chosen                        Novenber 1993
              Ordinance draft complete                 June 1994    Tflwit"---ed to DEQ by June 30
              Informational hearings                   June 1994
              Planning Commission hearing              July 1994
              Board hearing                            August 1994
              Program manual                           Septeiber 1994    Draft to DEQ by Sep.t.30,
                                                                         1994.




              BU=T NARRATIVE:

              All federal funds will be dedicated to contract expenses. Cne contract will be
              entered into between the County and a reputable planning consultant.

              Total contract - $40,000.

              Local matching funds for in-kind services will be dedicated to sane portion of
              all deliverables. These funds will be used through the following positions:

              Director of Comirunity Development
                  10-15 hours per week
                  $44,000 annual salary
                  $10,000 salary
                   $2,000 fringe

              Senior Comprehensive Planner
                  20+ hours per week
                  $28,000 annual salary
                  $15,000 salary
                   $2,000 fringe

              Planner II
                  10 hours per week
                  $22,000 annual salary
                   $5,000 salary
                  .$1,000 fringe

              County Engineer
                  5-10 hours per week
                  $44,000 annual  salary
                   $7,000 salary
                   $1,000 fringe

              GIS Mapping Specialist
                  10 hours per week
                  $20,000 annual salary
                   $5,000 salary
                   $1,000 fringe

              total personnel cost: $49,000





                                                                                                GLOUCESTERJ
                                                                                                       COUNTY                     I

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                                                                                                 APPENDIX A:

                                                                                                       STUDY AREA
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                                                                                               APPENDIX 8























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                                                                                 411.
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                                                                           4





             HYDROLOGIC UNITS

             GLOUCESTER COUNTY --                  184317 ACRES


             HYDROLOGIC UNIT BOUNDARY







 9















                         APPENDIX B



                   REQUEST FOR PROPOSALS
 0














 0










                                   REQUEST FOR PROPOSALS
           Issue Date-     May 12, 1993  RFP #93-041

           Title:    Comprehensive Stormwater & Transportation Management
                     Planning Services

           Commodity Code:     905-20

           Issuing Public Body:     Office of the Purchasing Director
                                    County of Gloucester
                                    P.O. Box 329
                                    Gloucester, VA 13061

           Using Agency And/Or Location       Community Development Department
           Where Work Will Be Performed:      Gloucester County, VA

                  Proposals will be received  on June 21, 1993 until 3:00 PM
                  
           local time for furnishing the Goods/Services described herein. The
           proposals will be opened on June 22, 1993 at 3:00 PM local time, and
           offers names will be made public at that time.

           All inquaries for additional project information should be directed
           Lo  Mr. Jeff Haughney, Director, Community Development or Mr. Chris
           DeWitt, Senior Comprehensive Planner at (804) 693-4040.

           All inquiries concerning proposal procedures should be directed to
           Mr. Marion L. King, Jr., CPPO, Purchasing Director at (804) 693-
           6235. The RFP package may be obtained from Central Purchasing.

           IF PROPOSAL ARE MAILED, SEND DIRECTLY TO ISSUING PUBLIC BODY
           ABOVE. -IF PROPOSALS ARE HAND DELIVERED, DELIVER TO: OFFICE OF
           THE PURCHASING DIRECTOR, GLOUCESTER ADMINISTRATION BUILDING, MAIN
           STREET AND DUVAL AVENVUE, GLOUCESTER, VA 23061.

           in compliance with this Request for Proposals and to all the
                                 
           conditions imposed herein, the undersigned offers and agrees to
                   
           furnish the goods/services in accordance with the attached signed
           proposal or as mutually agreed upon by subsequent negotiation.

           Name and Address of Firm:


                                                     DATE:


                                                     NAME
                                                             (Please Print)
                                                     BY:
                                                            (Signature In Ink)
                                                     TITLE:
           FEI/FIN NO.                         TELEPHONE NO:

           The Owner reserves the right to reject any or all Proposals, to make
           award in whole or in part, to vary quantities in accordance with
           
           funds available and to waive any informalities.


           EOE/M/F/H















                                       TABLE OF CONTENTS




              SUBJECT                                                              PAG'm


                1.   PURPOSE    .............................................        3


                2.   PRCJrECT BACKGROUND     ..................................      3


                     SCOPE OF WORK     .......................................       5


                4.   GENERAL REQUIREMENTS      ................................      7

                5.   SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS       ...............................     8

                6.   PROPOSAL REQUIREMENTS      ...............................      8

                7.   METHOD OF PAYMENT      ...................................      9


                8.   COM14-UNICATTONS   ......................................       9


                9.   EVALUATIONI/AWARD CRITE'DTA     ...........................     10

               10.   REQUEST FOR PROPOSAL PROCESS        ........................    11


               ii.   PRICING SCHEDULE      ....................................      11


               12.   GENERAL TERMS AND CONDITIONS    . ........................      11


               13.   SPECIAL TERMS AND CONDITIONS        ........................    22


               1-4   APPENDICES                                                      27
                                   .........................................


                     A. COUNTY    MAP OF STORMWATER AND TRANSPORTATION
                          MANAGEMENT. AND PLANNING AREA


                     B. BIDDER/PROPOSER.QUES"TnNNAIDE


                     C. MINORITY RESPONSE FORM













           RFP 93-041                                                   Page 2 o-f 30













                     PURPOSE

                     The purpose of this Request for Proposals (RFP) process
                     is to competitively procure the required                    planning
                     servi-Ces in a manner most advantageous to Gloucester
                     County's best interests. It also provides firms with a
                     fair opportunity for their services to be considered.

                     This proposal package will focus mainly on Phase I of
                     the comprehensive planning effort. The goal of Phase I
                     will be to refine existing plans for the Development
                     District, specifically recognizing the links between
                     land use, transportation, and stormwater management.
                     The Purchas-ina- Director will assess the progress made by
                     the successful offeror in Phase I and may continue the
                     contract upon a favorable review for Phase II with the
                     successful contractor of Phase I. The goal of Phase II
                     will be to implement zoning ordinance arnendments and
                     uplift the Gloucester County              Comprehensive       Plan's
                     guidelines regarding rural developmental pa-IL-Iterns.

                     Any offeror submitting a proposal and/or the successful
                     contractor of Phase I, agrees that the decisions of
                     Gloucester County are final and shall hold harmless the
                     County,     its directors, employees, consultants, and
                     others involved in this solicitation, selection and
                     award process.        The submission of a proposal indicates
                     acceptance of these conditions.

               2.    PROJECT BACXGROUND


                     The link between          land    use,     transnortat-ion,       and
                     environmental quality has recently become the'subject of
                     national debate and legislation, and ncwhe-rs has the
                     lli-r-Jk made itself more apparent than i-r- metropolitan
                               Jlu--isdict-ions.   Gloucester County,          V-i--g-inia,
                     encompasses 225 square miles within the Hampton Roads
                     Metropolitan Area, and remains a largely rural locality.
                     Its    metro-fringe location within Virginia's Golden
                     Crescent, however, has brought significant growth over
                     the past several decades, and between 1980 and 1990 the
                     County's population grew by 50% to 30,000 residents.
                     These numbers alone generate concern over the County's
                     ability to manage growth, but the pattern of recent
                     development generates even greater concern. Pervasive
                     suburban sprawl now          threatens      Gloucester's       rural
                     character,      and in an effort to encourage a more
                     sustainable, a-f-fordable, and appropriate development
                     pattern, the Board of Supervisors in December 1992
                     adopted a Compre),encive Plan Update which out-lines basic
                     growt-h management strategies.


         RFP 93-04-1-                                                    Page 3 of 30











                     Specifically, the Plan seeks to concentrate growth
                     within a forty square mile Develcpment District, where
                     rece-r-t-ly installed water and sewer lines may reasonably
                     become available over the next twenty years.                 The
                     Development District flanks Route 17 corridor from
                     Gloucest-er Point to Gloucester Cou_-t_1,.o,_,se (see Appendix
                     A), and lies wholly within the Urban Transportation
                     Study Area of the Hampton Roads Metropol-itan Planning
                     Organization. The County provides water service from a
                     reservoir at the north end of the Development District
                     while the Hampton Roads Sanitation District provides
                     sewer service via a force main beneath the York River.
                     The area is rapidly developing, and the southernmost
                     portion lies within the Hampton Roads Urbanized Area.

                     The District provides a range of new and old residential
                     subdivisions, and houses virtually all of the County's
                     commercial, industrial       and    governmental      activity.
                     Development is concentrated along Route 17, and heavily
                     developed commercial strips exist -along portions of the
                     corridor.    Because of this fact, and because Route 17
                     exists-as the only viable north south transportation
                     route, increasing traffic volumes have brought safety
                     and efficiency problems.         The    Comprehensive      Plan
                     authorizes residential densities of up to four units per
                     acre for this area, and outlines strategies to attract
                     business and industrial parks. The County's ability to
                     encourage appropriate growth within the Development
                     District will stand as the primary test of the 'Plan's
                     success.


                     In conjunction with Development District strategies, the
                     Plan sets forth objectives which address the rural
                     portions of the County (see Appendix A). The majority
                     of Gloucester's land area still boasts forests and
                     farmland, which contribute to the County's quality of
                     life. Residential growth rates in the northernmost
                     portion of the County exceeded 100% between 1980 and
                     1990, however, and farm population decreased by one
                     third   during    the. same time frame.          An explicit
                     Comprehensive Plan goal is to reverse this trend, and to
                     preserve rural character.        Recommendations target an
                     overall density of one unit per five acres in the
                     northern and eastern portions of the County, and one
                     unit per one and one-half acres in the western portion.
                     The Plan specifiCally discourages sprawling, larg-e lot
                     subdivisions. Instead, where growth does occur outside
                     the   Development-    DiSLrict,    the Plan recommenf@s a
                     traditicnal development       pattern    which    relies     on
                     cluster-4-ng and ---,t--en s2;zce prese-rvation.    Succassful



          RFP 93-041                                                 Page 4 of '30









                            implementation of this objective will prove vital to
                            growth management.

                            The Comprehensive  Plan      establishes   solid    growth
                            management concepts which parallel those employed in
                            many Virginia localities.    The Plan, however, lacks
                            detailed background studies and policy recommendations
                            on how best to achieve the goals. Gloucester County now
                            needs    to proceed in that direction.

                     3.     SCOPE    OF WORK (PROJECT DESCRIPTION)

                            3.1      Phase One (1)

                                     Utilizing         funds      provided        by      the      Virginia
                                     Department of Environmental Quality through a
                                     Coastal Zone Management Act grant administered by
                                     the National Oceanic and Atmospheric    Agency,
                                     Gloucester stands prepared to undertake the first
                                     phase of the project -- a detailed land use and
                                     transportation  analysis   for  the described
                                     Development District. The project goal will be to
                                     refine existing  plans    for the Develoment
                                     District, specifically recognizing   the links
                                     between land use, transportation, and stormwater
                                     management. As stated in the project background,
                                     concentrating development in proximity to public
                                     infrastructure represents the most direct growth
                                     management   strategy   available        to Gloucester
                                     County. In the absence of detailed plans designed
                                     to handle the intensity of concentrated growth,
                                     however, the strategy could backfire. Along with
                                     such  development  come   concerns  regarding
                                     development patterns and the associated strain on
                                     transportation  networks.          Plan and ordinance
                                     language which recognize this link will ensure
                                     that growth proceeds in a manageable fashion, and
                                     that environmental  management       opportunities are
                                     not lost. Toward that end, Gloucester proposes to
                                     analyze  sub-watershed    stormwater  catchment
                                     opportunities, and build them into land use and
                                     transportation  plans.  Project deliverables       
                                     include       a     Comprehensive    Plan amendment, a
                                     Stormwater Management Ordinance, and a     Program
                                     Development Manual which documents each step of
                                     the process.

                                     Our intent is to realize plan and ordinance
                                     amendments which highlight areas appropriate for
                                     village density development of four to five units
						 per acre.  The language should encourage

              RFP 93-041                                                                   Page 5 of 30
 










                              development      which recognizes the neighborhood
                              scale of historic Gloucester, and which utilizes
                              public water and sewer. Of primary concern is the
                              establishment and maintenance of an efficient
                              transrortation network which provides access to
                              Route 17 but does not rely exclusively on that
                              highway for north south travel. Alternatives to
                              business strip development also              represent       a
                              pervasive     concern;       village     type    commercial
                              development,         incorporated        into        planned
                              communities,       and       business/industrial         park
                              development will be considered. Treatment of the
                              Route 17 corridor is also a priority. Finally,
                              all of the above measures should take into account
                              the preservation and utilization of significant
                              stormwater management opportunities.

                              The successful consultant should have experience
                              working in urbanizing rural communities,                  and
                              should possess a strong knowledge of traditional
                              development patterns on the Middle Peninsula.
                              Weight will also be given to stormwater management
                                                                                
                              experience and knowledge of             development       and
                              redevelopment of highway corridors.

                       3.2    Phase Two (2)

                              Gloucester County also anticipates receiving funds
                              for Phase 11 of the project -- zoning ordinance
                              amendments for the rural sections of the County.
                              The County has submitted a grant proposal to the
                              Department of Environmental Quality, and we expect
                              favorable review by September, 1993,          Upon award
                                                                   
                              of these funds , we anticipate  continuing contract
                              work with the consultant performing the Phase 1
                              work. The goal of Phase II will be to realize
                                                                                      
                              ordinance       amendments      which      respond     to
                              Comprehensive Plan recommendations regarding rural
                              development patterns. Specifically, we hope to
                              adopt     language which provides incentives for
                              clustering development on           suitable      land
                              exchange for permanent preservation of significant
                              open space systems.  Issues to       be    examined
                                                          
                                                      
                              include    options   which qualify for density 
                              bonuses: Performance standards for individual lots
                              and open space tracts, mixed use potential; open
                              space maintenance agreements; and the treatment of
                              farmland     and forestry tracts as open space.
                              Protection     of     farmland,     wildlife  habitat,
                              wetlands,     floodplains, steep slopes, erodible
                              soils, and native vegetation will play             a major


           RFP 93-041                                                      Page  6 of 30














                                          
                            role.    A residential cluster ordinance and a more
                                                
                            Comprehensive traditional neighborhood       ordinance
                            are both desired.

                            If Development District provisions are          to prove
                            successful in managing County growth,           ordinance
                            language which addresses the pattern            of rural
                            development will become vital. Although         one deals
                            with fairly dense development and one with fairly
                            sparse development, the line between the two
                            phases of this project cannot be overemphasized;
                            one cannot succeed without the other. For this
                            reason, the successful consultant will  need to
                            demonstrate an understanding of the tie between
                            urban and rural landscapes, and of the link both
                            have to environmental preservation. Experience
                            with agencies such as the Virginia Department of
                            Conservation and Recreation, the Virginia Marine
                                                                        
                            Resources Commission, and the Alliance for the
                            Chesapeake Bay will prove helpful, since these and
                            other agencies   Will be involved with the project.
                            Also, as part of Phase II, a citizens committee
                            will be established to            participate    in     the
                            ordinance development process; proposes should
                            therefore demonstrate willingness and ability to
                            work with diverse groups of people.

                            Schedule;


                            Grant period for Phase I ends September 30, 1993.
                            Gloucester has applied for an extension which
                                    
                            would    allow     the project to proceed through
                            December, 1991.

                            We expect monies for Phase I to be awarded in
                            September, 1993.

               4.    GENERAL REQUIREMENTS


                     4.1    RFP Response


                            In order to be considered for selection offerors
                            must submit a complete response to this   to the
                                                                      
                            County of Gloucester.         The offeror must submit
                            five (5) complete copies of the proposal.

                     4.2    Proposal Preparation

                            4.2.1    Proposals shall be signed by an authorized
                                     representative    of    the    offeror.     All
                                     requested information must be presented.


          RF 93-141                                                   Page 7 of 30











                                    Failure    to do    so might result       in the
                                    proposal being considered not responsive
                                    and, thus, rejected.

                           4.2.2    Proposals should be prepared in a simple
                                    and straight forward manner with emphasis
                                    on completeness and clarity.

                           4.2.3    Each copy of the proposal should be bound
                                    in a S4
                                           _Lngle volume where practical.        All
                                    documentation submitted with the pronosal
                                    should be bound in that single volume.

              5.    SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS

                    Pro-oosals should be as 'thorough and detailed as possible
                    such that the offeror's capabilities to provide the
                    required services may be properly and fully evaluated.
                    Offerors are required to submit the following items as a
                    complete proposal:

                    5.1    Listing of company facts, name, location and
                           principals.

                    5.2    A company profile or history.

                    5.3    Company must list former projects; completion of
                           previous        comprehensive        stormwater       and
                           transportation studies or related master plan(s)
                           that may be essential for selection.

                    5.4    Work to be performed within four (4) months of
                           executed agreement.

              6.    PROPOSAL REQUIREMENTS

                    6.1    T4tie Page: Shcw the IRIFP subject, name of contact
                           person and date.

                    6.2    Table-04. Contents

                    6.3    L e t t _= --r- c fTr an sm 4-1 t t a 1A statement by the
                           prospective firm of their understanding of            the
                           work,    with - desc-ription     of    approaches     and
                           procedures to be amployed,

                    6.4    Oral Presentation: Offero--s who submit a proposal
                           in response to this RFP may be required to give an
                           oral or written clar-ificat-icn of their proposal to
                           -he County of Gloucester. This will provide an
                           opportun4+,v for the offeror          to    clarify     or


         RFP 933-041                                                 Page 8 of 30











                          elaborate on the proposal but will in no way
                          change the original proposal. if there is an oral
                          presentation,     it is to be at- the offeror's
                          expense. The County of Gloucester will schedule
                          the time and location of this presentation. Oral
                          presentations are an option o-Iff the County and may
                          not be conducted; therefore, proposals must be
                          complete,

              7.    METTHTOD OF PAYMENT

                    The firm will be paid by invoice(s) submitted to Central
                    Accounting at the completion of the project. No payment
                    will be made without the prior written authorization of
                    the   Director    of    Community Development and Codes
                    Compliance, Gloucester Count,Y.

              8.    COMY.UNICATIONS


                    Any failure to adhere to the provisions set forth below
                    may result in the rejection of any offeror's proposal or
                    in the cancellation of this Request.for Proposals.

                    8.1   informal Communications

                          From the date of receipt of this Request for
                          Proposals    by    each    offeror until a binding
                          contractual agreement exists with the selected
                          offeror(s)     and all other offerors have been
                          notified, or when       the    County    rejects     all
                          proposals, informal communications shall include
                          but not be 1-im-ited to: (1) requests from offerors
                          to
                                any departments of the County (with the
                                1- 4
                          excep-lon of the       designated     County     Central
                          Purchasing    Office) for information, comments,
                          speculation,     etc.;    (2)   requests    from     any
                          department of the County (with the exception of
                          the designated County purchasing authority) for
                          information, comments, speculation, etc. regarding
                          the RFP, respon-ses or process.

                    8.2   Formal Communications


                          8.2.1    Nature--.o-f Communication: From the date of
                                   receipt of this Request for Proposals by
                                   each offeror until a binding contractual
                                   agreement exists witih the selected offeror
                                   or when the County of Gloucester rejects
                                   all- proposals, all communications between
                                   the public body and the offeror will be
                                   --Formal- or as requested by the County


         RFP 93-04-1-                                              Page 9 of 30

















                                   
                                   Purchasing    Office.  Address all inquiries
                                   to Mr. Jeff Haughney at (804) 693-4040.

                          8.2.2    Revisions/Additions to RFP: Revisions or
                                   additions to this Request for Proposal
                                   shall be at the sole discretion of the
                                   public body.     In the event it becomes
                                   necessary to revise any part of this
                                   Request for Proposals, revisions will be
                                   mailed by the issuing office to            all
                                   offerors to whom the initial RFP was
                                   mailed or by whom the initial RFP was
                                   requested.

               9.   EVALUATION AND AWARD CRITERIA


                    9.1   Description & Percentage

                          9.1.1    Experience with comprehensive stormwater,
                                   land use, and transportation studies and
                                   related    master   plans.       Demonstrated
                                   ability to work with agencies such  as the
                                   VA Marine Resources Commission, VA Dept.
                                   of Conservation and Recreation, and the
                                   Alliance for the Chesapeake Bay. 505
                        9.1.2    Offeror's proposal, responsiveness, and
                                   general presentation. 30%

                          9.1.3    Price. 20%


                          A minimum score of 80% will be necessary for
                          consideration.


                    9.2   Evaluation and Award of Contract


                          Selection shall be made of two or more offerors
                          deemed fully qualified and best suited among those
                          submitting    proposals    on    the   basis of the
                          evaluation factors included in the Request for
                          Proposals, including price, if so stated in the
                          RFP. Negotiations shall be conducted with the
                          offerors so selected. Price shall be considered,
                          but need not be the sole determining factor.
                          After negotiations have been conducted with each
                          offeror so selected, the County shall- select the
                          offeror which, in its opinion, has made the best
                          proposal, and shall award the contract to that
                          offeror. The County may cancel this RFP or relect
                          proposals at- any time prior to an award, and is
                                                
                          not required to furnish a statement of the reason


          RFP 93-041                                             Page 10 of 30











                           why a particular proposal was not deemed to be the
                           most    advantageous     (Section    11-6115D, Code of
                           Virginia). Should the County determine in writing
                           and in its sole discretion that onlix one -fferor
                           is fully qualified, or that one offeror is clearly
                           more    highly qualified than the others under
                           consideration, a contract may be negotiated and
                           awarded to that offeror. The award document will
                           be a contract incorporating by reference all the
                           requirements,     terms    and    conditions    of the
                           solicitation and the contractcr's proposal as
                           negotiated,

               10.   REQUEST FOR PROPOSALS PROCESS

                     This Request for Promosals is nart of a competitive
                     procurement process that helps to serve the Count"y of
                     Gloucester's best interests.        It also provides firms
                     with a fair opportunity for their services to be
                     considered.    The process of cbmpeClitive negotiations
                     being used in this case should not be confused with the
                     different process of competitive sealed bidding. The
                     latt.-er process is usually used where the services being
                     procured    can be precisely described and price is
                     generally the determinant factor.          With competitive
                     negotiation, on the other hand, price is not required to
                     be the determinant factor, although it may be, the
                     County has the flexibility it needs to negotiate with
                     one or more firms to arrive at a mutually agreeable
                     relationship.

               11.   PRICING SCHTEDULE


                     Proposals should contain a section for price. Pricing
                     however should be separate for Phase I and Phase I!, and
                     should be in keeping with our grant funding schedule.

               12. GENERAL TERMS AND CONDITIONS



                     12.1  Vendor's Manual

                           This solicitation is subJect to the     p_-0-14SjOnS of
                           the Commonwealth of Virainia vendor's manual and
                           ?ry    revisions    there"Co,   which    are      hereby
                           .Mcorporated into this contract in -heir entirety.

                     12.2  Apnlicable Laws and Courts

                           ';"his solicitaticn and any resulting contract shall
                           be governed in all respects by the laws of the


          RFP 93-041                                               Page 11 of 30











                          Commcnwealth of Virginia and any litigation with
                          respect thereto shall be brought in the courts of
                          Gloucester, Virginia. The contractor shall comply
                          with applicable Federal, State and Local laws and
                          regulations.

                    12.3  Anti-Discrimination

                          By submitting their bids or proposals Bidders or
                          Offerors certify to the County/Schools that they                                                                         
                          Will conform to the provisions of the Federal
                          Civil Rights Act of 1964, as amended, as well as,
                          the Virginia Fair Employment Act of 1975, as
                          amended, where applicable, the Virginians With
                          Disabilities Act, the Americans With Disabilities
                          Act and Section 11.51 of the Virginia Public
                          Procurement Act which provides:

                          In every contract over $10,000 the provisions in
                          A. & B. below apply:
                                          

                          A.  During the performance of this contract, the
                              contractor agrees as follows:

                              The contractor will not discriminate against
                              any    employee or applicant for employment
                              because of race, religion, color, sex or
                              national. origin, or disabilities, except where
                              religion, sex, or national origin is a bona
                              fide    occupational qualification reasonably
                              necessary to the normal operation of the
                              contractor.     The contractor agrees to post in
                              conspicuous places, available to employees and
                              applicants for employment, notices setting
                              forth the provisions of this nondiscrimination
                              clause.


                              The contractor, in all         solicitations     or
                              advertisements for employees placed by or on
                              behalf of the contractor, will state that such.
                              contractor  is an equal opportunity employer.

                              Notices, advertisements, and        solicitations
                              placed In accordance with Federal law, rule or
                              regulation shall be deemed sufficient for the
                              purpose of meeting the requirements of this
                              section.

                          3. The contractor will include the provisions of 
					A. above in every subcontract or purchase


         RFP 93-041                                           Page 12 of 3O












                                  order over    10 , 000 so     tthe provisions will
                                  be binding upon each subcontractor or vendor.

                      12.4   Ethics in Public Contracting

                             By submitting their bids or proposals, all bidders
                             or offerors certify that their bids or proposals
                             are made without collusion or fraud and that they
                             have not offered or received anv kickbacks or
                             enducements from any other bidder or offeror,
                             supplier,     manufacturer      or    subcontractor        in
                             connection with their bid or proposal, and that
                             they have not conferred on any public employee
                             having     official      responsibility        for      this
                             procurement      transaction     any     payment,      loan,
                             subscription, advance, deposit of money, services
                             or anything of more than nominal value, present or
                             promised, unless consideration of substantially
                             equal or great value was exchanged.

                      12.5   Immigration Refirm and Control Act of 1986

                             By signing this bid or proposal, the bidder or
                             offeror certifies that it does not and will not
                             during the performance of this contract employ
                             illegal alien workers or otherwise violate the
                             provisions of the Federal Immigration Reform and
                             Control Act of 1986.


                      12.6   Debarment Status


                             By submitting their bids or proposals, all bidders
                             or offerors certify that they are not currently
                             debarred from submitting bids or proposals on
                             contracts by any agency of the Commonwealth of
                             Virginia, or are they an agent of any person or
                             entity that is currently debarred from submitting
                             bids on contracts    by    any    agency    of  the
                             Commonwealth of Virginia.

                      12.7 Antitrust


                             By entering into a contract, the   the contractor
                             conveys, sells,     assigns,    and transfers to the 
                             Count/School Board of Gloucester, Virgina all 
                                   
                             rights, title and interest in and to all causes of
                             the action it may now or hereafter acquire under
                             the antitrust laws of the United States and the
                             Commonwealth      of   Virginia,      relating      to the
                             particular  goods or services purchased or acquired
                             by the County/Schools under said contract.


          RFP 93-041                                                    Page 12 of 30













                      12.8 Mandatory Use Of State Form And Terms          An
                             Conditions


                             A.   Invitation For Bids: Failure to submit a bid
                                  on the official County/School          -form provided
                                  for that purpose shall be a               cause     for
                                  rejection of the bid.           Modification of or
                                  additions to any portion of the invitation for
                                  bids may be cause for rejection of the bid;
                                  however, the County/Schools reserves the right
                                  to decide, on a case by case basis, in its
                                  sole discretion, whether or not to reject such
                                  a bid as nonresponsive. As a precondition to
                                  its acceptance, the County/Schools may,-in its
                                  sole    discretion, request that the bidder
                                  withdraw or modify nonresponsive portions to a
                                  bid which do not affect quality, quantity,
                                  price or delivery.       No modifications of or
                                  addition to the provisions of the contract
                                  shall be effective unless reduced to writing
                                  and signed by the parties.

                             B.   Reauest For Proposals: Failure to submit a
                                  proposal on the official County/School form
                                  provided for that purpose may be a cause for
                                  rejection of the proposal.            Return of the
                                  complete document is required.           Modification
                                  of or additions to the General Terms and
                                  Conditions of the solicitation may be cause
                                  for rejection of the proposal; however, the
                                  County/Schools reserves the right to decide,
                                  on    a   case by case basis, in its sole
                                  discretion, whether to reject such a proposal.

                      12.9   Clarification Of Terms

                             If any prospective bidder or offeror has questions
                             about the specifications or other bid documents,
                             the prospective bidder or offeror should submit a
                             written request to the buyer whose name appears on
                             the face of this solicitation,   no   later than  5
                             days before the due date. Any revisions to this
                             solicitation will be made only by addendum issued
                             by the buyer.

                      12.10  Payment By  Subcontractor


                             A    contractor     awarded a contract under this
                             solicitation is hereby obligated:


				RFP 93-041                                               Page 14 of 30











                           A    To pay the subcontractors within seven (7)
                                days of the contractor's receipt of payment
                                from the    County/Schools for the proportionate
                                share of the payment received            for     work
                                performed   by the subcontractor under the
                                contract;   o[Ar

                           B.   To notify   the agency and the subcontractor, in
                                writing,    of the contractor's intention to
                                withhold payment and the reason.

                                               
                           The    contractor     is    obligated to    pay      the
                           subcontractor interest at the rate of one percent
                           per month (unless otherwise provided under the
                           terms of the contract) on all amounts owned by
                           the contractor that remain unpaid seven (7) days
                           following receipt of payment from the County/
                           Schools, except for amounts withheld as stated in
                           B. above. The date for mailing of any payment by
                           U.S. Mail is deemed to be payment to the address.
                           These provisions apply to each sub-tier contractor
                           performing under       the    primary     contract.        A
                           contractor's oblialation to pay an interest charge
                           to a subcontractor may not be construed to be an
                           obligation of the County/Schools.

                    12.11  Precedence Of Terms


                           Paragraphs 1-11 and 30-31 of these General Terms
                           and Conditions shall apply in all instances.              In
                           the event             is a conflict between the other
                           General Terms and Conditions and any Special Terms
                           and Conditions in this solicitation, Special Terms
                           and Conditions shall apply.

                           Invoices

                           Invoices for items ordered, delivered and accepted
                           by County/School agencies/departments/authorized
                           users shall be submitted by the contractor direct
                           to the payment address shown on the purchase
                           order/contract.    All invoices shall show            the
                           County/School   contract     number and/or federal
                           employer         identification         number         (for
                           proprietorships, partnerships, and corporations).
                           Invoices covering orders for local public bodies
                           shall be submitted by the contractor to such
                           public bodies in the form required by them.





         RFP 93-041                                                  Page 15 of 30














                       12.13   Payment Terms

                               Any payment terms requiring payment in less than
                               30 days will be regarded as requiring payment 30
                               days after invoices or delivery, whichever occurs
                               last.     This shall not affect offers of discounts
                               for payment in less than 30 days, however.

                       12.14  Qualifications Of Bidders

                               The  County/Schools  may  make   such    reasonable
                               investigations   as  deemed proper and necessary to
                               determine the ability of the Bidder or Offeror   to
                               perform  the  work/furnish  the  item(s)  and   the
                               Bidder     or     Offeror   shall furnish   to  the
                               County/Schools all such information and data    for
                               this  purpose as    may  be   requested.        The
                               County/Schools        reserves the right to inspect
                               Bidder's  or Offeror's physical facilities prior to
                               award   to satisfy questions regarding the Bidder's
                               or Offeror's capabilities.       The County/Schools
                               further   reserves  the  right to reject any bid or
                               proposal if the evidence    submitted     by,    or
                               investigations of, such Bidder  or Offeror fails to
                               satisfy the County/Schools  that   such  Bidder  or
                               Offeror   is  properly qualified  to  carry out the
                               obligations of the contract and     to complete the
                               work/furnish the item(s) contemplated therein.

                       12.15  Testing And Inspection

                               The  County/Schools   reserves the right to conduct
                               any  test/inspection   it  may  deem  advisable  to
                               assure     supplies and  services  conform  to  the
                               specification.

                       12.16   Assignment Of Contract

                               A contract shall not, be assignable      by     the
                               contractor in whole or in part  without the written
                               consent of the County/Schools  Purchasing Director.

                       12.17   Changes To The Contract

                               Changes can be made to the contract in any one   of
                               the following ways:

                               A.   The    Purchasing   Director may order changes
                                    within  the  general  scope of the contract at
                                    any time by written notice to the  contractor.
                                    Changes  within  the  scope  of  the  contract


           RFP 93-041                                                       Page 16 of 30
 











                               include, but are notlimited to things such as
                               the  method  of  packing  or shipment and the
                               place of delivery or installation.        The
                               contractor shall comply  with the notice upon
                               receipt. The contractor  shall be compensated
                               for  any  additional  costs  incurred  as the
                               result  of  such  order  and  shall  give the
                               County/ Schools  a  credit  for  any savings.
                               Said compensation shall be determined by one
                               of the following methods:

                               1.  By mutual agreement between the parties in
                                   writing; or

                               2.  By agreeing upon a unit price or using a
                                   unit price set forth in the contract, if
                                   the work to be done can be expressed  in
                                   units,   and the contractor account for the
                                   number of units of work performed, subject
                                   to the purchasing agency's right to audit
                                   the    contractor's records   and/or   to
                                   determine the correct number of units
                                   independently; or
                                                

                               3.  By ordering the contractor to proceed with
                                   the work and to keep a record of all costs
                                   incurred and savings realized. A markup
                                   for overhead and profit may be allowed if
                                   provided by the contractor.          The same
                                   markup shall be used for determining a
                                   decrease in price as the result of savings
                                   realized.   The contractor shall present
					     the purchasing agency with all vouchers
                                   and records of expenses  incurred     and
                                   savings realized. The Purchasing Director
                                   shall have the right to audit the records
                                   of the contractor as it deems necessary to
                                   determine costs or savings. Any claim for
                                   an    adjustment    in     price   under this
                                   provision must be asserted by written
                                   notice to the Purchasing Director within
                                   thirty (30)days from the date of receipt
                                   of the written order from the Purchasing
                                   Director. If the parties fail to agree on
                                   an amount of adjustment,    the questions of
                                   an increase or decrease in the contract
                                   price or time for performance shall be
                                   resolved in accordance with the procedures
                                   for resolving disputes provided by the
                                   Disputes Clause of this contract or,
                                   there is none, in accordance with the


         RFP 93-041                                               Page 17 of 30
 













                                                    
                                    disputes provisions of the Commonwealth of
                                    Virginia's Vendor's  Manual.   Neither the
                                    existence of  a   claim  or  a     dispute
                                    resolution     process,  litigation or any
                                    other provision  of   this  contract shall
                                    excuse  the   contractor     from promptly
                                    complying with the changes ordered by  the
                                    Purchasing  Director    or     with    the
                                    performance  of the contract generally.

                                                                
                           B.   The parties may   agree in writing to modify the
                                scope of the    contract.      An   increase  or
                                decrease    in the   price of     the   contract
                                resulting from such   modification    shall   be
                                agreed to by      the parties as a part of their
                                written  agreement to modify the scope   of  the
                                contract.


                    12.18  Default

                           In    case   of failure to delivery goods or services
                           in accordance   with  the   contract     terms    and                                                                    
                           conditions,     the County/Schools, after due oral or
                           written  notice,  may  procure   them   from    other
                           sources   and   hold   the contractor responsible for
                           any     resulting      additional      purchase   and
                           administrative  costs.        This remedy shall be in
                           addition  to  any  other     remedies    which    the
                           County/Schools may have.

                    12.19  Taxes


                           Sales   to  the County/School Board of Gloucester,
                           Virginia are normally exempt from State sales tax.
                           State  sales  and  use tax certificates of exempt,
                           Form ST-12 and ST-13, will be issued upon request.
                           Deliveries  against this contract shall be free of
                           Federal  Excise  and  Transportation  taxes.   The
                           County's  excise tax exemption registration number
                           is 54-6001312.   The  School  Board's  excise  tax
                           exemption registration number is 54-6001313.

                    12.20  Transportation and Packaging

                           By  submitting    their    bids/   proposals,  all
                           bidder/offerors certify and warrant that the price
                           offered  for  FOB  destination  includes  only the
                           actual freight rate costs at the lowest  and  best
                           rate  and  is  based upon the actual weight of the
                           goods to be shipped.    Except     as    otherwise
                           specified  herein,  standard commercial packaging,


         RFP 93-041                                                  Page 18 of 30
 









                          pack4na and shipping containers shall be used.
                              -L
                          @11 shIpping containers shall be legibly marked or
                          labeled on the outside withi the purchase order
                          number, commodity description, and quantity.

                   12.21  Quantities

                          Quantities set forth in this solicitation are
                          estimates of annual usage, and the successful
                          bidder    shall    supply    at   bid prices actual
                          quantities as ordered, regardless of whether such
                          total quantities are more or less than those
                          shown.


                   12.22 Deliverv Point

                        .Except when otherwise specified herein, all items
                          shall be F.O.B. delivered any point within the
                          County of Gloucester, Virginia as directed by
                          ordering department, institution or agency of the
                          County/Schools     or   Public    bodies      of     the
                          Commonwealth as defined in Section 11-37 of          the
                          V-4-rainia Public Procurement Act.


                   12.23  Orders

                          Applicable departments, institutions and agencies
                          of the County/Schools may- order by issuing a
                          County/School purchase order, unless instructed
                          otherwise by the Director of Purchasing.

                   12.24  Audit-


                          TLh-,e contr-actor hereby agrees to retain all books,
                          records, and other documents relative to this
                          contract for J:Jve (5) years after      -'r4-
                                                             L.   L-Lnal payment,
                          or until audited by the County/School Board of
                          Gloucester, Virginia, whichever is sooner. The
                          County/Schools, its authorized agents,            and/or
                          auditors shall    have full access to and the rigli-ft
                          to examine any of said materials during said
                          period.


                   12-25  Cancellation Of Contract

                          The   Purchasing Director of Gloucester County
                          reserves the right to cancel and terminate any
                          resulting contract, in Part or in whole, without
                          penalty, upon 60 days written notice to the
                          contractor.     Any contract cancellation notice
                          shall not --e-lieve the contractor of the obligation


        RFP 93-041                                                Page 19 of 30









                           to  deliver any outstanding orders issued prior to
                           the effective date of cancellation.

                    12.26  Additional Information

                           The County/Schools reserve the right to ask any
                           bidder/offeror to submit information missing from
                           its bid/proposal, to clarify its bid/ proposal,
                           and to submit additional information which the
                           Purchasing Director deems desirable.

                    12.27  Availability Of Funds

                           By signing this bid/proposal the bidder/offeror
                           agrees that the County/School Board of Gloucester,
                           Virginia, shall be bound only to the extent of the
                           funds available or which may hereafter become
                           available for the purpose of any resulting
                           contract.


                    12.28 Special Or Educational Discounts

                           A.  During the contract period, if the contractor
                               offer promotional discounts as a general
                               practice or offers educational discounts to
                               schools and institutions of higher education
                               for items available under this contract, which
                               the result that those prices are lower than
                               the prices available under this contract, then
                               the promotional discounts shall be made
                               available to all purchasers under this
                               contract, or in the case of educational
                               discounts, they shall be made available to
                               schools and institutions of higher education
                               eligible to place orders against this
                               contract.                                               
                               
                           B.  The effective date for price changes/discounts
                               will    be  the   date    that    the    lower
                               prices/discounts were made available to the
                               contractor's customers generally or to schools
                               and     institutions    of higher education as
                               applicable.

                           C.  If the contractor does not sell to purchasers
                               eligible to place orders against this contract
                               at the lower prices/discounts required bv
                               subsection A above, it shall owe a rebate to
                               each affected purchaser which is equal to the
                               amount of the overcharge. Said rebate shall
                               be made within 30 days after the contractor


        RFP 93-041                                          Page 20 of 30
 











                                 becomes aware of the overcharge or within 30
                                 days after the purchaser requests the rebate,
                                 whichever comes first.


                     12.29       Delays In Award

                            Delays in award of a contract(s), beyond the
                            anticipated starting date, may result in a change
                            in the contract period indicated in the
                            solicitation.  If this situation occurs, the
                            County/Schools reserves the right to award a
                            contract(s) covering the period equal to or less
                            than the initial term indicated in the
                            solicitation.


                     12.30  Drug Free Workplace

                            "The contractor acknowledges and certifies that he
                            understands that the following acts by the
                            contractor, his employees, and/or agents
                            performing services on County/School Board
                            property are prohibited:

                                                                         
                            A.   The unlawful manufacture, distribution,
                                 dispensing, possession or use of alcohol or
                                 other drugs; and

                            B.   Any impairment or incapacitation from the use
                                 of alcohol or other drugs (except the use of
                                 drugs for legitimate medical purposes).

                            The  contractor further acknowledges and certifies
                            that he understands that a violation of these
                            prohibitions constitutes a breach of contract and
                            may result in default action being taken by the
                            County/Schools in addition to any criminal
                            penalties that may result from such conduct."

                     12.31  Contractual Disputes


                            In accordance with Section 11-69 of the Code of
                            Virginia, claims arising out of this contract,
                            whether for money or other relief, may be
                            submitted to the County of Gloucester, by
                            submitting the claim in writing, with all
                            necessary data and information to substantiate the
                            claim attached, to the Purchasing Director on the
                            first page of this solicitation.





         RFP 93-041                                                     Page 21 of 30
 













             13.   SPECIAL TERMS AND CONDITIONS


                   13.1  Availability of Funds

                          It is understood and agreed between the parties
                          herein that the County shall be bound hereunder
                          only to the extent of the funds available or which
                          may hereafter become available, "subject to
                          appropriation" by the Board of Supervisors for the
                          purpose of this agreement.

                   13.2   Bid/Proposal Acceptance Period

                          Any bid/proposal resulting from this solicitation
                          shall be valid for 120 days. At the end of the
                          120 days the bid/proposal may be withdrawn at the
                          written request of the bidder/offeror. If the bid
                          or proposal is not withdrawn at that time it
                          remains in effect until an award is made or the
                          solicitation is cancelled.


                   13.3   Termination of Contract

                          The Purchasing Director reserves the right to
                          terminate the contract in whole or in part for the
                          convenience of the County, including but not
                          limited to, the right to terminate the design
                          criteria, preliminary design, construction
                          documentation, bidding, contract award,                                                           -ration phases.
                          inspection, and contract administration phases.

                          Termination for the convenience of the County
                          shall require no breach of contract by the
                          consultant as a condition, and may be done at the
                          sole unconditioned discretion of the Purchasing
                          Director.     Upon notice that all or part of the
                          contract has been [terminated for the convenience
                          of the County, the consultant shall immediatelv
                          cease all work on any portions of the contract
                          terminated.      All work product generated by the
                          consultant shall be delivered to the Purchasing
                          Director     upon    request, whether completed or
                          uncompleted and shall be the property of the
                          Purchasing Director to use as he may deem fit. If
                          the contract is terminated for the convenience of
                          the County, the consultant shall be paid for work
                          done to the date of the termination, but shall not
                          be entitled to any payment for the terminated
                          portions, including lost profits.




        RFP 93-041                                                Page 22 of 30
 



                 13.4   Identification of Bid/Proposal Envelope

                        If a special envelope is not furnished, or if
                        return in the special envelope is not possible,
                        the signed bid/proposal should be returned in a
                        spearate envelope or package, sealed and
                        identified as follows:

                        From:
                              Name of Bidder/Offeror                 Due Date

                            
                              Street  or  Box Number                  Time


                              City, State,  Zip Code                 IFB No. / RFP No.


                              Name of Contract/Purchase              IFB/RFP   Title
                              Officer or Buyer

                         The envelope should be addressed as directed on
                         Page l of the solicitation.

                         If a bid/proposal not contained in the special
                         envelope is mailed, the bidder/offeror takes the
                         risk that the envelope, even if marked as
                         described above, may be inadvertently opened and
                         the information compromised which may casue the
                         bid or proposal to be disqualified.
                         Bids/Proposals may be hand delivered to the
                         designated location in the office issuing the
                         solicitation.  No other correspondence or other
                         bids/proposals should be placed in the envelope.

                  13.4   Indemnification

                         Contractor agrees to indemnify, defend and hold
                         harmless the County, its officers, agents, and
                         employees from any claims, damages and actions of
                         any kind or nature, whether at law or in equity,
                         arising from or caused by the use of any
                         materials, goods, or equipment of any kind or
                         nature furnished by the constractor/any services of
                         any kind or nature furnished by the contractor,
                         provided that such liability is not attributable
                         to the sole negligence of the using department or
                         to failure of the using department to use the
                         materials, goods, or equipment in the manner
                         already and permanently described by the



          



        RFP  93-041                                                    Page  23 of 30

       
                        
 







                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              
                                                 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                


                                                               
                                                                                                                             











                                              contractor on the materials, goods, or equipment
                                              delivered.


                                  13.6        Insurance

                                              By signing and submitting a bid or proposal under
                                              the solicitation, the bidder/offeror certifies                                                                  the solicitation, the bidder/offeror certifies
                                              that if awarded the contract, it will have the
                                              following insurance coverages at the time the work
                                              commences. Additionally, it will maintain these
                                              during the entire term of the contract and that
                                              all insurance coverages will be provided by
                                              insurance companies authorized to sell insurance
                                              in Virginia by the Virginia State Corporation
                                              commission.

                                              During the period of the contract the County
                                              reserves the right to require the contractor to
                                              furnish certificates of insurance for the 
                                              coverages required by the County as indicated.

                                              Insurance Coverages Required:

                                              Worker's Compensation  -- Standard Virginia
                                              Worker's Compensation Policy.

                                              Broad Form Comprehensive General Liability --
                                              $500,000 Combined Single Limit, with the County
                                              named as additional- insured. When maintenance is
                                              being contracted for automobiles, or unlicensed
                                              motor vehicles, a Garagekeeper's Legal Liability
                                              policy and Garage Liability policy will be in
                                              effect. The coverage shall include:

                                              Premises                         Operations;                    Products/Completed
                                              Operations: Contractual, Independent Contractors;
                                              Owners and Contractor's Protective; Personal
                                              injury (Libel, Slander, Defamation of Character,
                                              Limit

                                              Automobile Liability -- $500,000 Combined Single
                                              Limit


                                     13.7     Prime Contractor Responsibilities

                                              The contractor shall be responsible for completely
                                              supervising and directing the work under this
                                              contract and all subcontractors that he may
                                              utilize, using his best skill and attention.
                                              Subcontractors who perform work under this
                                              contract shall be responsible to the prime
                                                                                                          Page 24 of 30
       RFP 93-041                  
 











                                            contractor.  The contractor agrees that he is as
                                            fully responsible for the acts and omissions of
                                            his subcontractors and of persons employed by them
                                            as he is for the acts and omissions of his own
                                            employees.

                                 13.8       Subcontracts

                                            No portion of the work shall be subcontracted
                                            without prior written consent of the purchasing
                                            department.  In the event that the contractor
                                            desires to subcontract some part of the work
                                            specified herein, the contractor shall furnish the
                                            purchasing department the names, qualifications
                                            and experience of their proposed subcontractors.
                                            The contractor shall, however, remain fully liable
                                            and responsible for the work to be done by his
                                            subcontractor(s) and shall assure compliance with
                                            all requirements of the contract.

                                 13.9       Ownership of Materials

                                            Ownership of all data, materials and documents
                                            originated and prepared pursuant to this Request
                                            for Proposals shall belong exclusively to
                                            Gloucester County, Virginia and is subject to
                                            public inspection in accordance with the Virginia
                                            Freedom of Information Act. Trade secrets or
                                            proprietary information submitted by an offeror
                                            shall not be subject to public disclosure under
                                            the Act; however, the offferor must invoke
                                            protection under this section prior to or on
                                            submission of the data or other materials, and
                                            must narrowly specify and identify the data or
                                            other materials to be protected and state the
                                            reasons why such protection is necessary.
              
                                    13.10   Fee Basis


                                            All proposals shall include a "Fixed Fee" for all
                                            services/goods provided (Turnkey Price), as
                                            minimally described in the Request for Prposals.
                                            A "Final Fee" will be negotiated prior to award of
                                            contract.
                                            


                                  13.11     Contractual Disputes


                                            In accordance with Section11-69 of the Code of
                                            Virginia, claims arising cut of this contract,   
                                            whether for money or other relief, may be                                                                                                                                   submitted to the County of Gloucester by


              RFP 93-041                                                                                     Page 25 of 30
 











                         submitting the claim in writing, with all
                         necessary data and information to substantiate the
                         claim attached, to the Purchasing Director on the
                         first page of this solicition.

                  13.12  Hold Harmless

                         Any offeror submitting a proposal agrees that the
                         decisions of Gloucester County are final and shall
                         hold   harmless    the   County,    its    directors,
                         employees, consultants,  and others involved in the
                         design and selection,    and the successful offeror
                         of. this proposal. The  submission of a proposal
                         indicates acceptance of these conditions.







































        RFP  93-041                                            Page 26 of 30
 


                                                                              IGLOUCESTER@
                                                                                    COUNTY

                                                                               APPENDIX A:




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                   PPD Q1_nA1                                                      APPENDIX A                                                   aqe    27 of 30
















                                       APPENDIX B
                                  BIDDER QUESTIONNAIRE

                        To Be Completed By The Bidder/Offeror
                                         (2 Pages)


        Submitted by
                         (Name of Bidder/Proposer)    ( )    An Individual
                                                      ( )    A Prtnership
                                                      ( )    A Corporation
        Princinal Office Address:




        The undersigned guarantees the truth and accuracy of                     all
        statements and all answers to questions hereinafter made.

        1.    Qualification Of Bidder/Proposer: The Bidder must have the
              capacity in all respects to fully satisfy all of the
              contractual requirements. Failure to provide the below
              information will be just cause for rejection of the bid/
              proposal.

        2.    Years in Business:  Indicate the length of time you have
              been in business providing this type of service:

                                 years               months


        3.    Location Of Business: Give complete address, description of
              property, and special features.









       4.     Give information which will indicate the size and capacity
              of your organization, including number of employees, etc.,
              which are available for utilization on this contract:









        RFP 93-041                   Appendix 14 (B)              Page 28 of 30
                                      IV             I
 






                                                         



        5.   List below the requested information concerning contracts
             your organization has in progress for the type of work
             required.


                                     Per Cent   Scheduled         Name &
        Contract      Contract     Completed    Beqinning &       Address
        Title          Amount         Date      Ending Date       of Owner










        6.   List below the requested information concerning contracts
        your organization has completed in the last ten years for this
        type of work.

                                                             Name and
        Contract        Contract      Beginning and          Address
         Title           Amount        Ending Date           of Owner








                   Name of Offeror:


                   Address of Offeror:







                   By
                              (Signature in Ink)


                      (Printed Signature)        (Title)

                   Date:









        RFP 93-041              Appendix 14 (B)              Page 29 of 30
 




                                                     C_
                                   APPENDIX C


                              COUNTY OF GLOUCESTER
                               CENTRAL PURC11ASING
                         VENDOR'S MINORITY RESPONSE FORM




        Definition of Minority Business

        The following definition of "Minority Business" may be found in
        Title 2.1, Chapter 7.5, Code of Virginia.

        "'A Minority Business' is a business enterprise that is owned or
        controlled by one or more socially or economically disadvantaged
        persons. Such disadvantage may arise from cultural, racial,
        chronic economic circumstances or background or other similar
        causes. Such persons include, but are not limited to Blacks,
        Puerto Ricans, Spanish-speaking Americans, American Indians,
        Eskimos, and Aleuts."

        As defined by the Virginia Department of Minority Business
        Enterprises:

        "The term 'Minority Business Enterprise' means a business at
        least 50 per centum of which is owned by minority group members
        or, in case of a publicly owned business, at least 51 per centum
        of the stock of which is owned by minority group members. For
        the purpose of the preceding sentence, minority group members are
        citizens of the United States who include, but are not limited
        to, Blacks, Spanish-speaking, Oriental, Indians, Eskimos, and
        Aleuts."


        ----------------------------------------------------------------
        Please indicate below if you are a minority vendor. This form
        may be submitted with your bid/proposal or sent separately.
        Failure to complete this form will not result in your
        disqualification. This information is sought for statistical
        purposes only and will not be a factor used to make an award.

        Minority Vendor?       Yes             No
        IF YES, PLEASE PROVIDE THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION:

        Name
        Title
        Telephone No.
        Firm's Name
        Address



        Federal Identification Number (FIN) -------
        Brief List of Goods/Services Provided
 0



        RFP 93-041                  APPENDIX C                 Page 30 of 30







  I















                         APPENDIX C



  0                    SCOPE OF WORK









  I








                               Part C
                               Phase 11 Work Scope

                               The initial tasks in Phase 11, like those of Phase 1, also seek to gain a fuller
                               understanding of current and projected trends in the rural area of the
                               County through a review of background material, interviews with key actors
                               and specific data analysis. Since the rural area is so much larger than the
                               Development District, and detailed planning is not the goal of this phase,
                               map analysis and data gathering will be at a more general level than in
                               Phase 1.

                               Task 1 Review Existing Back-around Material
                                                                    0

                               Ceneral socio-economic and demographic trends for the County as a whole
                               were reviewed in Phase 1, Subtask 1.1. In addition, an overview of relevant
                               trends in the agricultural economy were also included in this earlier task.
                               However, we will take a somewhat more detailed look at these trends in
                               this task. Items for review include:

                                         Relevant census data on the rural population including changes in
                                         total population, age, occupation, income, housing value, level of
                                         education, labor force characteristics, etc.

                                         Analysis of changes in key sectors of the agricultural economy from
                                         the Census of Agriculture between 1982 and 1987. Issues for
                                         analysis will include change in size of farms, nature and value of
                                         farm products, owner/renter patterns, and so forth. This census-
                                         based analysis will also include a review of Cloucester's
                                         relationship to the regional agricultural economy and key linkages
                                         to it. It is important to understand the "critical mass" of the
                                         agricultural economy in the Middle Peninsula since the conversion
                                         of agricultural land to rural residential land will inevitably erode
                                         this regional critical mass. Strateaies for clustering and conservation
                                         of farmland (as opposed as to "open space") will be better directed
                                         if the dynamics of the agricultural economy are understood.

                                    ï¿½    Review of published material on the agricultural economy of the
                                         Middle Peninsula from sources at Virginia Tech, the College of
                                         William and Mary, and VCU.

                                   ï¿½     The effects of the use value taxation program for parcels in
                                         Agricultural and Forestal Districts.



                                                                                                               45







                                  Groundwater Management Area requirements (in the event that
                                  Gloucester County is so designated).

                              ï¿½   Review of current standards in the County for on-lot septic systems
                                  and wells as well as policies towards package treatment plants,
                                  community water systems, shared or community septic systems and
                                  land application.

                              ï¿½   Other resources identified by the County or that appear relevant in
                                  the course of reviewing the above material.

                         Subtask  1.2 Interview Key Actors

                         This subtask occurs concurrently with the above task. it will provide us with
                         a direct feel for trends and realities in the rural portion of the County. We
                         will be guided by the Community Development Department as to key
                         interviewees. We envisage interviewing approximately 5-7/ individuals. A
                         preliminary list includes the following:

                                  Farm Bureau representatives
                                  Key farmers (2-3 individuals including timbering operators)
                                  Realtors or developers in the rural area
                                  Soil Conservation Service staff active in the County


                         Task 2 Create Base Maps

                         As with Phase 1, we are assuming conventional techniques for base
                         mapping. However, in the rural area in particular, satellite-based images
                         could be used since the level of detail required for analysis is gross and
                         since Landsat mapping will suffice. Satellite images could also be readily
                         analyzed to distinguish various crop types, differentiate between vegetative
                         cover, identify wetland areas,. and other analytical exercises. in the kickoff
                         meeting with the County, the team will be ready to discuss the CIS option
                         for land use mapping in both Phases I and 11.

                         Subtask 2.1 Create Rura.1-Area Base Map

                         It is envisaged that this base map will be at 12, 000' scale, the same as
                         the existing Comprehensive Plan map. Information to be shown as overlays
                         on the base map includes the following:

                                  USCS Topo at 20' intervals and slope map analysis already
                                  conducted by the County.


                                                                                             46









                                                                                                    nous State
                                        mapping of soils by farming suitability as  produced by va
                                        or Federal agencies.

                                        Mapping of agricultural and silvicultural activity in the County.
                                        This overlay will indicate the location, extent and use of key farm
                                        parcels (owned and rented). This information will be gathered
                                        through interviews with the agricultural community and other
                                        knowledgeable sources.

                                        Environmental features to include vegetative cover, streams,
                                        wetlands, wildlife habitat, location of any rare and endangered
                                        species, soils particularly vulnerable to high rates of erosion, etc.
                                        This information will be a separate overlay on the base map.

                                        The tax maps of Gloucester County will be reviewed to identify
                                        several typical situations of land ownership around one or two
                                        selected rural centers proposed in the Comprehensive Plan, and
                                        typical areas in each of the various districts defined in the Plan,
                                        namely the Suburban Countryside District, the Rural Countryside
                                        District and the Bayside Development District. The purpose of
                                        examining the tax maps and creating these small vignettes is to
                                        identify typical land ownership patterns as a basis for proposing
                                        cluster incentives or other options for zoning in the rural area.
                                        Testing of these options and illustrative plans will be prepared
                                        using these vignette areas which show a range of parcel ownership
                                        patterns, farming and open space conditions, etc.

                                        Important scenic roads and viewsheds in the rural area.

                                        Other unique features such as high points, special environmental
                                                                          0
                                        areas, important mineral resources, etc.

                                   ï¿½    The boundaries of the Comprehensive Plan's various districts will
                                        also be identified as an overlay on the base map.

                                   ï¿½    We are assuming that a soils suitability mapping for septic systems
                                        has already been conducted and can be used in this exercise.

                                   ï¿½    Mapping of water yield areas in the County based on well yield
                                        data, aquifer information, geological studies, and other sources.
                                                                   0

                                        The location of existing residential development, recorded but
                                        unbuilt lots and subdivisions in process that have been approved
                                        but not yet recorded. This information will be gathered from the


                                                                                                            47







                                     Department of Community Development who will assist with this
                                     task.


                           Task 3 Synthesize Rural Area Conditions to Prioritize
                                     Conservation Areas

                           The consultant team will synthesize several of the above maps so as to
                           produce a composite ranking of areas for conservation. The team will
                           document and present its ranking system to the County and Citizens'
                           Advisory Group. The outcome of this task will help structure a zoning
                           approach for the rural areas of the County.


                           Task 4 Develop Zoning Approach

                           Subtask 4.1 Develop Zoning Concepts for the Rural Areas

                           Within the general framework of the adopted Comprehensive Plan, the
                                      0
                           team will use the results of the previous task as one important ingredient in
                           proposing various zoning concepts for the rural area. The range of concepts
                           to be developed will include:

                                ï¿½    Simple cluster options for development in the various districts of
                                     the rural area. These will specify densities, lot sizes, arrangements
                                     and standards for septic and well systems, and techniques for the
                                     protection of open space remaining after clustering. The above
                                     cluster concepts will be presented as a baseline mandatory
                                     approach for future development in the rural areas.

                               ï¿½     Cluster concepts which are not mandatory, but optional. These
                                     options would be differentiated from standard large lot concepts by
                                     moderate density incentives.

                               ï¿½     Clustering with a "Density Exchange Option". This approach would
                                     apply in particular to the rural areas of one unit per five acres
                                     where protection 'of the agricultural industry was a goal. The
                                     concept would create large blocks of contiguous prime farmland by
                                     allowing the transfer of density within the rural area to other rural
                                     areas, which for a range of reasons could not support large-scale
                                     agricultural activity. While the legal basis for such an approach,
                                     which is similar to the Transfer of Development Rights concept,
                                     may not yet exist in Virginia, it is nevertheless an option worth
                                     exploring since such legislation may well occur in the future.

                                                                                                      48







                                       Testing for a rural-to-urban Transfer of Development Rights
                                       concept. In this approach, development rights are sold by rural
                                       landowners to urban land owners and the two goals of preserving
                                       rural character and encouraging denser development within the
                                       Development District can be accomplished. The practical
                                       implementation of this approach is complex, however, and
                                       depends on there being a market for these development rights for
                                       both the seller and the buyer. Nevertheless, it may have some
                                       appeal and the team proposes to do some quick-cut tests of its
                                       feasibility.

                                       Zoning for 'the Rural Centers. An approach to 'these centers could
                                       be part of the Density Exchange Options in the rural area, in which
                                       density can be shifted from farmland into rural centers. However,
                                       this concept is difficult to implement. Alternatively, standards and
                                       guidelines for traditional hamlet development patterns will be
                                       proposed for rural centers as described in the 1992
                                       Comprehensive Plan. Traditional patterns of such development in
                                       the Middle Peninsula will be used as a model for this zoning
                                       concept. The potential for mixed use zones, relevant special
                                       exceptions, home occupations, etc., will be considered when
                                       developing this concept. Sketches to illustrate it will be produced.


                            The above various concepts and/or others will be presented in summary
                            written and graphic form for the Citizens' Advisory Committee and the
                            County's response. A slide show to illustrate these concepts and to educate
                            the public will be produced by the consultant as part of this task.

                            Subtask 4.2 Select Appropriate Zoning Approach

                            The County, Citizens' Advisory Croup and Planning Commission will
                            participate in this task. A briefing for the County Board of Supervisors will
                            also be held at this point to solicit their response and input. The outcome
                            of this task will be relative consensus around a zoning approach that is
                            acceptable and meets the goals of the Comprehensive Plan.

                            Subtask 4.3 Assess Traffic Implication of Rural Zoning Approach

                            KELLERCO will project any modifications to traffic assumptions from Phase I
                            for the rural area in this task; they will evaluate their impacts and make
                            recommendations accordingly. More broadly, KELLERCO will assess rural
                            area travel patterns within the County and its connections to the region, and



                                                                                                          49








                             will make recommendations on improvements and priorities as part of a
                             rural plan ammendment.


                             Task 5 Draft Language for the Rural Area Zoning Ordinance

                             The team will produce a first draft of the zoning districts and other relevant
                             portions of the Zoning Ordinance to implement the preferred zoning
                             concept from the previous task. The draft zoning language will be clear and
                             straightforward, and will be illustrated with sketches as necessary.

                             The Zoning Ordinance will take into account provisions for uses as of right,
                             as well as special exceptions in the various rural districts. Housing mix and
                             mobile home development standards will be reviewed. The selection of
                             special exceptions in the various zoning categories will be based on the
                             team's understanding -of the current ordinance's provisions, current trends in
                             the rural area of the County, and the goals of the County for the rural area.
                                                                 0

                             Methods for preserving the remainder open space will be prepared. These
                             may include notes on record plats to identify Open spaces as unbuildable
                             and other techniques to address different ownerships of the remainder open
                             space. For example, if a Homeowners' Association is responsible for the
                             space, or if it is held in separate ownership for agriculture, appropriate
                             methods for safeguarding these lands against 'their future development will
                             be provided, such as three-way covenants which include the County.


                             Task 6 Develop Guidelines to Preserve Rural Character

                             Either as part of the Zoning Ordinance or in the Subdivision Reaulations or
                             in both, auidelines that address the design of development in rural areas will
                             be provided. These will address items such as the location of development
                             on soils of different types, forest preservation, development on steep slopes,
                             tree buffers from the road, scenic views, the creation of hamlet and village
                             character, and so forth.


                             Task 7 Amend Comprehensive Plan, as Necessary

                             If the foregoing tasks have generated amendments to the Comprehensive
                             Plan for the rural area, these will be drafted for adoption in this task. Both
                             this task and the previous task will include meetings with the County and
                             Citizens' Advisory Group for education, feedback, alternatives and
                             consensus.



                                                                                                     50







                          Task 8 Produce Final Report and Products

                          Subtask 8.1 Produce Final Draft Report Documents

                          The results of the preceding tasks will be packaged so that the County can
                          prepare them for formal review at public hearings and community meetings.
                          The consultant will prepare simplified descriptions and illustrations from the
                          material developed to date as handouts for the public. We recommend
                          that the County do a video of the consultant's presentations of the above
                          aroups that can be aired on local cable television so that the public at-large
                          0
                          will have an opportunity to understand these proposals.

                          Subtask 8.2 Participate in Worksessions and Revisions to the Draft
                                       Products

                          The consultant will participate with the Planning Commission and the Board
                          of Supervisors in a worksession on the above products and incorporate
                          revisions as necessary.

                          Subtask 8.3 Produce Final Report

                          Consultants will provide the County with a camera-ready copy of the
                          Zoning Ordinance Amendments and Subdivision Regulation Amendments as
                          well as Comprehensive Plan Amendments, if warranted.





















                                                                                                 51







  I














                       APPENDIX D




               AGRICULTURAL ASSESSMENT AND
  0              RURAL DEVELOPMENT MAPS












  I







     0









                                                                D R A F T



                                      Agriculture & Silviculture
                                                                   in
                                              Gloucester County


     I









                                                              . Submitted by:

                                                       LDR International, Inc.
                                                        9175 Guilford Road
                                                   Columbia, Maryland 21046

                                                               April 6, 1994







     I









                      Table of Contents




                      1.0 How Trends in Agriculture Relate to Zoning Issues

                          ..............................................................


                      2.0 Approach to This Analysis

                          ...........................................................


                      3.0 County Farmland, Farms and Farming: Less farmland, fewer farms,
                         higher land values and more idle cropland.

                          ....................................................................


                      4.0 Trends in Regional Farmland, Farms and Farmina: One fourth of the    
                          region is farmland, over half of the farms grow field crops and over half
                          of the farms are less than 100 acres.
                             .......................................


                      5.0 Trends in Forestry: Still two-thirds of the County and stable.

                          ........................... .....................


                      6.0 The County Farm Operator: Fewer farms, more rental farmland and
                         tenant farms, family farms still dominate.

                          ......................................................


                      7.0 Farm Operators in the Region: Much like Gloucester's.
                                           

                          .......................................................


                      8.0 Agricultural Products in the County: Corn, soybeans, chicken & hogs
                          are down; vegetables, nursery products, livestock are up.
                        

                        ............................................................


                      9.0 Agricultural Products in the Region: Corn and soybeans dominate
                         crops, hogs and pigs dominate livestock; Gloucester excels in orchards
                         and horses; region-wide, farms suffer losses.
                                    
                         ..............................................................












 
 







                               List of Tables




                               Table I       Farm Characteristics - Cloucester County, Virginia
                               Table 11      Number of Farms by Size - Cloucester County, Virginia
                               Table III     Change in Regional Farmland Values, 1982-1987
                               Table  IV     Number of Farms by Type - Cloucester County, Virginia
                               Table  V      Regional Farm Characteristics - 1987
                               Table  VI     Number of Farms by Size - 1987
                               Table VII     Number of Farms by Type - 1987
                               Table  VIII   Cloucester County Forestry industry - 1991
                               Table  IX     Cloucester County Forestry Industry - 1992 Value
                               Table  X      Agricultural Operator Characteristics - Cloucester County,
                                             Virginia
                               Table  XI     Regional Agricultural Operator Characteristics
                               Table  XII    Crop Acreage and Quantity - Cloucester, Virginia
                               Table  XIII   Sales by Commodity ($1000 - 1987 Dollars) - Cloucester
                                             County, Virginia
                               Table  XIV    Number of Livestock - Cloucester County, Virginia
                               Table XV      Crop Acreage - 1987
                               Table  XVI    Number of Livestock - 1987
                               Table XVII    Farms by Value of Sales - 1987




                               Note:         The Source of the above Tables is the US Census of

                                             Agriculture, unless otherwise noted.







                                 Agriculture and Silviculture in Gloucester County


                                 1.0    How Trends in Agriculture Relate to Zoning Issues

                                 This memorandum is part of a work effort to determine an appropriate new
                                 zoning pattern and ordinance for the rural areas of Cloucester County. The
                                 Adopted Comprehensive Plan calls for 11/2 acre lots (which is also the current
                                 zoning allowance) along the western and eastern edges of the North County
                                 and for five acre lots in the Central North Area. The Plan also urges a cluster
                                 approach to zoning, in which density or unit yield is calibrated at, say, five
                                 acres per unit but lot size is held to 11/2 acres, thus leaving three-quarters or
                                 more of the land undeveloped.

                                 The cluster approach and a five acre density presupposes the value of
                                 maintaining agriculture or silviculture or at least of preserving "rural character".

                                 Since the zoning approach will affect the way in which land owners can farm,
                                 conserve or develop their land, it is vital to understand the status and
                                 importance of agriculture and silviculture in Cloucester County. its trends and
                                 dynamics are the context against which land use regulations must be
                                 developed and .-valuated.      Establishing that context is the purpose of this
                                 background paper.

                                 2.0    Approach to This Analysis

                                 A proper understanding of the trends in Cloucester County's agriculture
                                 requires a broader examination of the agricultural industry throughout the
                                 recrion. Cloucester's agricultural industry is part of a network of farms and
                                 related service infrastructure which includes King and Queen, Mathews, and
                                 Middlesex Counties. Therefore, this discussion references both Cloucester
                                 County and its reg*
                                                   Von.

                                 3.0    County Farmland, Farms and Farming: Less farmland, fewer farms,
                                        hiorher land values and more idle cropland.

                                 Farmland occupies less than one-fifth of Cloucester County. The Census of
                                 Agriculture reports that in 1987, 25,831 acres of Cloucester County was
                                 farmland, or 18% of the total county area. This represents a 21% reduction in
                                 county farmland or a loss of 7,064 farmland acres since the census count in
                                 1982. (See Table 1). Map 1 depicts the location of farmland which is over 25
                                 acres in area. These larger farm areas amount to about
                                 of all farmland. The distribution of farmland appears as a scatter-shot patterii
                                 across the County. About                              is found above Cloucester
 0                                                              ................ 41 ........ .. .......













                                                            C
                                  Courthouse and             r                 south of the Courthouse. Farmland in
                                  Gloucester County is generally not concentrated in large contiguous blocks of
                                  several hundred acres, especially in the northern half of the County. In the
                                  southern half, a few areas of contiguous farmland exist which average around
                                                 M
                                                   os
                                                     t of the southern acreage is farmed by only three farmers.

                                  This five-year period for 1982 to 1987 also saw a 20% decline in the number
                                  of farms' from 162 to 130. Over that time, the average size of Gloucester's
                                  farms decreased marginally (2%) from 203 acres to 199 acres. The most
                                  significant acreage reduction occurred in large farms above 500 acres. (See
                                  Table 11.)    The Agricultural Extension Agent for Gloucester County, Gene
                                  Daniels, believes that this loss of farmland during the Eighties has tapered off
                                  with the recession of the past five years. He also asserts that the farmland lost
                                  in the Eighties was of marginal quality and that its sale allowed farmers the
                                  necessary cash flow to invest in equipment and improve their operations.

                                  While the size and number of farms in Gloucester County decreased between
                                                                                   2
                                  1982 and 1987, the average market value , in constant dollars, of land and
                                  buildings per farm and per acre has increased by 18% and 7% respectively.

                                  Cropland, pasture, and farm woodland have all decreased significantly since
                                  1982 by 130/lo, 47%, and 42% respectively. While the total percentage of
                                  cropland has decreased by 13%, the percentage of cropland harvested has
                                  decreased even more (26% or 5,134 acres) and the amount of pasture has
                                  more than doubled, increasing by 358 acres. Most likely, some of this formerly
                                  harvested land became pasture. This may be an indicator of the County's
                                  ,growing horse industry. Also significant is the fact that the percentage of idle
                                  cropland has tripled over the last five years, from 235 acres to 732 acres.
                                  Leaving cropland idle is often a precursor to residential development.

                                  Table IV illustrates the number of farms in Gloucester County by type. It is
                                  noteworthy that there has been a reduction in every farm type except
                                  sheep/lambs ( --33%) and horses/ponies (+21%). There have been significant
                                  reductions in the number of wheat farms (-62%) and hog/pigs







                          The Census defines a farm as "any place from which S1,000 or more of agricultural products were
                          produced and sold or normally would have been sold during the census year.'

                      2   According to the CenSUS, "market value refers to the value the land and buildings would sell for under
                          current market conditions."








                                4.0     Trends in Re-ionai Farmland, Farms and Farming: One fourth of
                                                      0
                                        the re-ion is farmland, over half of the farms grow field crops and
                                              0                                           0
                                        over half of the farms are less than 100 acres.

                                The Census of Agriculture (see Table V) reports that in 1987, 106,748 acres or
                                22% of this four-county region consisted of farms. This represents 1.2% of the
                                State's total farm acreage. The proportion of land in farms ranges from a low
                                of 14% in Mathews County to a high of 26% in King and Queen County.
                                Gloucester County ranks third in the region with 18% of its land in agriculture.
                                Statewide, the percentage is 34.1%. The number of farms per county range
                                from a low of 77 in Mathews County to a high of 157 in King and Queen
                                County. Average farm size ranges from a low of 104 acres in Mathews County
                                to a high of 339 acres in King and Queen County. Gloucester County ranks
                                third in the region with an average farm size of 199 acres. Statewide, the
                                average farm size is 194 acres.

                                In terms of value for land and buildings, Mathews County has the lowest
                                average value per farm of $229,428 and Gloucester County has the highest
                                average value per farm of $460,069, over double that of Mathews County.
                                King and Queen County have the lowest average value per acre of $923,
                                compared to Mathews County with the highest averacre value per acre of
                                $2,210 acres. Gloucester County follows close behind Mathews County with
  0                             an average value per acre of $2,198.
                                The average farm size in the region was 220 acres. Table VI details the
                                number of farms by size. Over 50% of the reajon's farms are less than 100
                                acres in size. Cloucester County has 50% (17) of the region's farms less than
                                10 acres in size and King and Queen County have 100% (6) of the farms 2,000
                                acres or more. In terms of farm type (see Table VII), the majority (65%) of
                                farms grow field crops.         Gloucester County has 56% (9) of the
                                nursery/greenhouse/sod farms and 46?/o (35) of the horse/pony farms.

                                This proliferation of farmettes and the emphasis on nursery stock and horses
                                are all indicative of a transition in farming to serve the suburbanizing market.
                                                                          Z.

                                5.0     Trends in Forestry: Still two-thirds of the County and stable.

                                While the census does not provide data on forestry, it is nevertheless important
                                to dwell on forestry because it occupies so much of Gloucester County.
                                According to the U.S. Department of Forestry, in 1991, 94,613 acres of
                                Gloucester County was forestland, or 606% of the total county area (see Table
                                Vill). In 1992, the forestry industry had sales valued at $1,507,975. While this
                                represents a slight decline (7.5%) of $122,025 from 1987, it is a significant
                                increase over 1983 values (see Tables Vill and IX).








                                 There are no old growth forests in Cloucester, most of the County's forests
                                 having been cleared at least four times for farming over the past 200 years.
                                 Though there is an abundance of prime farming soils in the County (see Map
                                 11), farmland never became sufficiently valuable in Cloucester in recent decades
                                 to warrant clear cutting. There are farmers who believe that future agriculture
                                 will continue on current farmland and that no new farmland will be created
                                 because of the prohibitive costs and time required to clear forests and prepare
                                 land for agriculture.

                                 The County's good soils support a variety of evergreen, mixed and hardwood
                                 forests. Since 1983, the proportion of hardwood stumpage value has increased
                                 markedly from 13% to 31 % of the total stumpage value (see Table IX). Several
                                 major industries harvest timber for paper construction in the County. The
                                 Chesapeake Corporation, for example, owns about 5,600 acres of woodlands
                                 over which they harvest selectively if timber prices are high. If timber prices
                                 are low, they harvest timber offsite from local land holders. About 300 acres
                                 of their holdings are slated for development by the subsidiary company,
                                 Delmarva.

                                 The ecological benefits of the County's forestlands in terms of water quality
                                 and wildlife habitat are self-evident; they also support a very important
                                 recreational activity of Southern Virginia - that of hunting.

                                 6.0    The County Farm Operator: Fewer farms, more rental farmland and
                                        tenant farms, family farms still dominate.

                                 Table  X illustrates Cloucester's agricultural operator' characteristics.   There
                                 were  130 agricultural operators in 1987, down 20% from 1982.                 The
                                 percentage of full owners (operators that own all the land they farm) has
                                 decreased by 37%. In 1982, over half (56%) of all operators were full owners;
                                 whereas in 1987 less than half (44%) of all operators were full owners. This
                                 group of full owners represents 4,937 acres or 19% of Cloucester's farmland.

                                 On the other hand, the percentage of tenant farmers (farmers who operate
                                 only land they rent from others) increased by 71%. In 1982 tenant farmers
                                 comprised 4% of the. agricultural operators and by 1987 tenant farmers
                                 comprised 9% of the agricultural operators. This group represents 2,732 acres
                                 or 11 % of Cloucester's farmland.

                                 Part owners (farmers who operate land they own and also land they rent) has
                                 decreased by 6%. In 1982 part owners comprised 40% of the operators and



                         For census purposes, the number of operators is the same as the number of farms.

                                                                                                                  4








































                                                Al








                                 in 1987 they comprised 47% of the operators. These owners represent 70%
                                 of Gloucester's farmland, with 47% being owned and 53% rented.

                                 Of the 130 farms, the majority (86%) of them were owned by individuals or
                                 families and 8% were owned by family corporations. Five percent (5%) were
                                 owned by partnerships.

                                 The number of farmers indicating that agriculture is their main occupation has
                                 decreased from 80 (49%) in 1982 to 58 (45%) in 1987. The Agricultural
                                 Extension Agent estimates that today there are only about 30 large scale, full
                                 time farmers active in the County.     The averag@ age of the operator has
                                 increased, slightly, from 33.3 years in 1982 to 53.6 years in 1987. This small
                                 upward movement in average age is consistent with surrounding counties and
                                 State trends.


                                 7.0    Farm Operators in the Re-ion: Much like Gloucester's.
                                                                    0

                                 The above characteristics for Gloucester are similar to those of the region.
                                 Table XI illustrates recrional agricultural operator characteristics. There were
                                 447 farm operators in the region in 1987. Eighty-eight percent (88%) of the
                                 farms were owned by individuals or families. Forty-six percent (46%) of the
                                 farmers owned all the land they farmed in 1987. Another 46% of the farmers
                                 both owned and rented the land they farmed. Eight percent of the farmers
                                 rented all of the land they farmed. When the four counties are compared on
                                 an individual basis, Mathews County shows the highest percentage (55%) of
                                 farmers who own all the land they farm and Middlesex County has the highest
                                 number of tenant farmers (12%). A review of the principal occupations of the
                                 reuion's farm ooerators shows that 46% of the farmers are full-time and 54%
                                 of the farmers @re part-time farmers.

                                 8.0    Agricultural Products in the County: Corn, soybeans, chicken &
                                        hogs are down; vegetables, nursery products, livestock are up.
                                          1.7               0


                                 The chief crops grown in Gloucester County include corn and soybean (see
                                 TableXII). Together they account for 85% of the County's crop acreage (Table
                                 XV). The amount of acreage harvested decreased by nearly 30% for both crops
                                 between 1982 and 1987. Sales for both these commodities have similarly
                                 declined by at (east 55% (see Table X111). The one crop which has had an
                                 increase in acreage harvested is veaetables, increasing from 19 acres to 42
                                 acres. This increase in vegetable farming is a possible indicator of increasing
                                 urbanization and the crops being oriented to these consumers. As mentioned
                                 earlier, another indicator of urbanization in Gloucester County is the increase
                                 in the nursery/greenhouse/sod industry.     Over the five year period, sales
                                 increased by 40% in constant 1987 dollars, from $691,000 to $965,000. (in








                                order to avoid disclosing data on individual farms, the Census does not indicate
                                sales from vegetable farms or acreage for nursery/greenhouse/sod farms.)
                                                                                    b

                                In general, according to the Extension Agent, there are three kinds of farming
                                in Gloucester County: large scale operations of about 800 acres, farmed by a
                                core of approximately 30 farmers which accounts for 90% of farmland use;
                                "sustainable" agriculture on much smaller acreages, which include organically
                                grown crops and others grown under special conditions; and finally,
                                0
                                I'alternative" farming which includes vegetables, exotics and backyard "Mom &
                                Pop" farmettes.

                                Livestock inventories and sales increased between 1982 and 1987, with the
                                exception of poultry (see Table XIV). The number of chickens three months
                                and older has decreased dramatically, from 2,661 chickens to 303 chickens.
                                The reason for the significant reduction in the number of chickens, according
                                to the Extension Agent, is that the large feed mills moved to the eastern shore
                                where there were more producers. Since feed and buildings are the two
                                biggest overhead costs associated with chickens and the cost to grow and to
                                                                                                    0
                                ,-rind the chicken feed is prohibitive for individual farmers, chicken production
                                simply stopped. As mentioned earlier, there has been a 50% reduction in the
                                number of hog@pig farms. The dynamic explaining these trends is, in part, a
                                transition in County farming over the past decade from labor-intensive activities
                                like hogs and livestock to capital-intensive farming which seeks to maximize the
                                efficiency of expensive equipment over large acreages.          The number of
                                horses/ponies has nearly doubled from 134 horses to 260 horses. The horse
                                industry shows an increase in sales of 18% from $33,000 in 1982 to $39,000
                                in 1987. This increase in the horse industry is another indicator of Gloucester's
                                increasing urbanization.

                                9.0    Aaricultural Products in the Region: Corn and soybeans dominate
                                         to                              0
                                       crops, hoors and picrs dominate livestock; Gloucester excels in
                                                  0           0
                                       orchards and horses; region-wide, farms suffer losses.
                                                                  0

                                Over 95% of the reaion's farmland is devoted to field crops with nearly half of
                                                    0
                                the acreage in soybean; hogs/pigs dominate over half of the region's livestock,
                                with cattle/calves and horses/ponies constituting the other half. (See Table XV.)

                                King and Queen County harvests over half of the region's grain and soybeans
                                (see Table XV). Middlesex County harvests 60% of the         region's vegetables.
                                Gloucester County constitutes nearly half of the region's orchards. In terms of
                                livestock (see Table XVI), Gloucester County produces 62% of the region's
                                horses/ponies; King and Queen County produce 64% of the region's hogs/pigs.



                                                                                                                 6








                                in terms of total sales in 1987, King and Queen County has the highest at
                                $5,389,000 (see Table XVII).    Middlesex County has the highest in total
                                average sales per farm at $39,776. From the stand point of gains and losses,
                                36% of the region's farms had gains and 64% of the farms had losses in 1987.
                                Statewide, 54% of the farms had gains and 46% of the farms had losses.








































                                                                                                          7






              Table 1. Farm Characteristics                   Gloucester County, Virginia

                                                                                  1982             1987     % Change
              Land Area (Acres)                                                  144121          144121             0%
              Land in Farms (Acres)                                               32895            25831           -21%
                Proportion in Farms                                               22.8%            17.9%           -21%
              Number of Farms                                                       162             130            -20%
              Average Size of Farms (Acres)                                         203             199            -2%


              Value of Land/Buildings
                Average per Farm (1987 Dollars)                                  388848          460069            18%
                Average per Acre (1987 Dollars)                                   2050             2198             7%


              Cropland (Acres)                                                    20982            18315           -13%
                Harvested                                                         20125            14991           -26%
                Pasture/Grazing                                                     511            1069            109%
                Other                                                               346            2255            552%
                  Not Harvested, Not Pastured                                       235             732            211%


              Pasture (Acres)                                                     3063             1620            -47%
                Cropland only for Pasture                                           511            1069            109%
                Woodland Pasture                                                  2042              276            -86%
                Other Pasture                                                       510             275            -46%


              Total Woodland (Acres)                                              9512             5546            -42%






              Table II. Number of Farms by Size                      Gloucester County, Virginia

                                                                                  1982             1987    % Change
              Number of Farms                                                       162             130            -20%
              Less than 10 acres                                                      17              17            0%
              10-49 acres                                                             57              44           - 23 %
              50-69 acres                                                             8               9            13%
              70-99 acres                                                             9               9             0%
              100- 139 acres                                                          11              6            -45%
              140-179 acres                                                           8               6            -25%
              180-219 acres                                                           6               4            -33%
              220-259 acres                                                           7               6            -14%
              260-499 acres                                                           16              14           -13%
              500 - 999 acres                                                         16              9            -44%
              1000- 1999 acres                                                        7               6            -14%
              2000 acres or more                                                      -               -






             Table III. Regional Farmland Values

                                                                      King/Queen         Mathcws      Middlesex Gloucester
             Av. per Farm                                                                                                  +18%
             Av. per Acre                                                                                                   +7%




             Table IV. Number of Farms by Type                     Gloucester County, Virginia

                                                                               1982           1987    % Change
             Field Crops
              Corn for Grain                                                     82             48          -41%
              Wheat for Grain                                                    34             13          -62%
              Barley for Grain                                                   25             14          -44%
              Soybeans for Beans                                                 93             63          -32%
              Hay                                                                53             35          -34%
             Vegetables                                                            6              4         -33%
             Orchards                                                            11               8         -27%
             Berries                                                           (NA)               4
             Nursery, Greenhouse, Sod                                            11               9         -18%
             Cattle and Calves                                                   42             35          -17%
             Hogs and Pigs                                                       30             15          -50%
             Sheep and Lambs                                                                      4           33%
             Horse and Ponies                                                    29             35            21%
             Poultry                                                             18             11          -39%



             -      Represents zero
             (D)    Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual farms.
             (NA)   NOEAvailable
             (x)    Not applicable








          Table V. Regional Farm Characte ris tics - 1987

                                                                   % of        King/       %of                    % of                        %of
                                                 Gloucester       Region      Queen      Region    Mathews      Region   Middlesex         Region        TOTAL
          Land Area (Acres)                            144121       29%       202982        42%       55776        11%           85728        18%          488&)7
          Land in Fat-ins (Acres)                      25831        24%        53266        50%        7W2          7%            19659       18%          106748
            Percent in farins                          17.9%                   26.2%                  14.3%                      22.9%                     22.0%
          Number of Farms                                130        29%          157        35%           77       17%               83       19%            4-17
          Average Size of Farms (Acres)                  199                     339                    104                        237                       220


          Value of Land/Buildings
            Average per Farm (1987 Dollars)            460069                 289471                 229429                     377037
            Average per Acre (1987 Dollars)             2198                     923                   2210                        1552



          Cropland (Acres)                             18315        24%        37863        50%        5801         8%            14024       18%           76003
            Harvested                                  14919 1      25%        30147        '19%       4372         7%            11487       19%           60997
            Pastufe/Grazing                             1069        43%         1148        46%         294        12%             (D)         0%            2511
            Other                                       2255        23%         6568        66%        1135        11%             (D)         0%            9958
             Not Harvested, Not Pastured                 732        40%          298        16%         131         7%             666        36%            1827


          Pasture (Acres)                               1620        31%         2441        47%        1083        21%             (D)         0%            5144
            Cropland only for Pasture                   1069        43%         1148        46%         294        12%             (D)         0%            2511
            Woodland Pasture                             276        17%         1083        66%         270        17%             (D)         0%            1629
            Other Pasture                                275        27%          210        21%         519        52%             (D)         0%            1004,


          Total Woodland (Acres)                        5546        22%        13704        54%        1440         6%             4813       19%           25503



          -      Repfesents Zero
          (D) Wiihheld to avoid disclosing data for individual fafnis.
          (NA) Not available
          (x)    Not applicable



                     0                                                                              0                                                                               0


            Table V1. Number of Farms by Size - 1987

                                                                         % of         King/         % of                    % of                         %of
                                                      Gloucester       Region        Queen       Region    Matliews       Region     Middlesex         Region        TOTAL % of'rotal
            Less than 10 acres                                   17        50%            It        32%              2        6%                4        12%                34          8%-
            10-49 acres                                          44        31%            29        21%              42      30%                25       18%               140        31%
            50-69 acres                                          9         35%            7         27%              6       23%                4        15%                26          6%
            70-91) acres                                         9         21%            19        45%              6       14%                8        19%                42          9%
            100- 139 acres                                       6         21%            16        55%              4       14%                3        10%                29          6%
            140- 179 acres                                       6         23%            14        54%              2        8%                4        15%                26          6%
            180-219 acres                                        4         17%            7         30%              7       30%                5        22%                23          5%
            220-259 acres                                        6         25%            13        54%              1        4%                4        17%                24          5%
            260- 499 acf es                                      14        30%            16        35%              2        4%                14       30%                46        10%
            500-999 acres                                        9         27%            11        33%              5       15%                8        24%                33          7%
            1000- 1999 acres                                     6         33%            8         44%              -        0%                4        22%                18          4%
            2(XX) acres or inore                                 -         0%             6         I(X)%                     0%                -         0%                  6         1%
                                                                                                                                                                           447        I(X)%

            Table V11. Number of Farms by Type -                      1987


                                                                         % of        Ki ng/         % of                     %of                        % of
                                                      Gloucester        Region       Queen       Region    Mathews        Region     Middlesex         Region        TOTAL % ofTotal
            Field Crops
              Corn for Grain                                     48        27%            73        41%              24      13%                34       19%               179        16%
              Wheat for Grain                                    13        12%            56        50%              10       9%                32       29%               111        10%
              Bar ley for G rain                                 14        23%            35        56%              -        0%                13       21%                62          5%
              Soybeans for Beans                                 63        24%           108        42%              34      13%                53       21%               258        23%
              Hay                                                35        28%            34        27%              26      20%                32       25%               127        11%
            Vegetables                                           4         20%            11        55%              -        () U/0            5        25%                20          2%
            Orchards                                             8         '10%           4         20%              4       20%                4        20%                20          2%
            Berries                                              4         50%            -           0%             4       50%                -         0%                  8         1 %
            Nursery, Greenhouse, Sod                             9         56%            -           0%             7       44%                -         0%                16          1%
            Cattle and Calves                                    35        28%            48        39%              19      15%                21       17%               123        11%
            Hogs and Pigs                                        15        22%            35        51%              8       12%                10       15%                68          6%
            Sheep and Lambs                                      4         25%            2         13%              10      63%                          0%                16          1%
            Horse and Ponies                                     35        46%            14        18%              21      28%                6         8%                76          7%
            Poultry                                              11        25%            15        34%              13      30%                5        11%                44          4%
                                                                                                                                                                          1128        100%






             Table V111. Gloucester County Forestry Industry- 1991

             Total County Acreage                                        144122
             Total Forest Land (Acres)                                    94613
                Total Timberland (Acres)                                  94613
             Total Nonforest Land (Acres)                                 49509


             Source: United States Department Of Agriculture. Department of Forestry
                     Forest Statistics for the Coastal Plain of Virginia, 1991







             Table IX. Gloucester County Forestry Industry- 1992 Value


             Value in 1992 Dollars                                        1983                 1987                 1992
             Pine Total Stumpage Value                                  &38833              1095427              1044211
             Hardwood Total Stumpage Value                               136794              534574               463764
                                                                       1025627              1630001              1507975


             Source: United States Department Of Agriculture, Department of Forestry
                     Forest Statistics for the Coastal Plain of Virginia, 1982-1992



                                                                                                         0


          'rableX. Agf iculttiralOperatoir Characteristics - GloucesterCounty,Virginia

                                                                                      1982        % Total                1987        % Total       % Change


          Full Owners                                                                   90             56%                 57             44%             -37%
          Part Owners                                                                   65             40%                 61             47%               -6%
          Tenants                                                                        7               4%                12               9%              71%
                                                                   Total               162             100%                130            100%


          Agriculture- main occupation                                                  80             49%                 58             45%             -29%
          Non -agricultural main occupation                                             82             48%                 72             5901o           -12%
                                                                   Total               162             100%                130            1000/0
          Operator by days of work off farm
            None                                                                        66                                 35                             -47%
            Any                                                                         87                                 90                                 3%


          Average Age of Operator                                                      53.3                               53.6                               1 %
          Average Years on Present Farm                                                18.3                               18.8                                3%


          Type of Organization                                                                      %Total                            % Total
            Individual/Family                                                          142             88%                 112            86%             -21%
            Partnership                                                                 11               7%                   7             5%            -36%
            Corporation- Family                                                          5               3%                10               8%             1000/0
            Corporation- non-family                                                      2               1%                   -             0%
            Other (&-tate, coop, institutional)                                          2               1%                   1             1%            -50%
                                                                                       162             100%                130            1000/0



                         0                                                                                        0                                                                                            0


          'rabic X1. Regional Agricultural Operator Characteristics

                                                           Gloucester CountV %                                                                          Middlesex County %                      Total Region %
          Full Owners                                                  57          44%               71         45%               42          55%                  35          42%                 205          46%
          Part Owners                                                  61          47%               75         48%               32          42%                  38          46%                 206          46%
          Tenants                                                      12             9%             11            7%                3          4%                 10          12%                   36           8%
                                                 Total                 130         1000/0           157         100%              77          I(X)%                83          100%                447         1000/0


          Agriculture- main occupation                                 58          45%               76         48%               31          40%                  42          51%                 207          46%
          non-agricultural main occupation                             72          55%               81         52%               46          60%                  41          49%                 240          54%
                                                  Total                130         100%             157         100%              77         100%                  83          100%                447         1 (W/O


          Operator by days of work off farm
             None                                                      35                            60                           20                               23                              138
             Any                                                       90                            85                           53                               53                              281


          Average Age of Operator                                     53.6                         55.0                          53.1                             55.6                               54
          Average Years on Present Farm                               18.8                         20.7                          16.7                             20.3                               19


          Type of Organization
             Individual/Family                                         112                          141                           74                               65                              392          88%
             ParInersWp                                                   7                          12                              2                             12                                33           7%
             Corpora tion- Fa m-fly                                    10                              2                             1                                6                              19           4%
             Corporation- non-family                                      -                            I                             -                                -                                1          017/0
             Other (Estate, coop, institutional)                          I                            I                             -                                                                 2          00/0
                                                 Total                                                                                                                                             447         1000/0



                   0                                                                      0                                                                       0



          TableXII. Crop Acreage and Quantity - GioucesterCounty, Virginia
                                                                                                                                % Change       % Change
                                                                 1982 (Ac)      1982 (Qty@____ _1987 (Ac)     1987,(Qty)             Acres             QtY
          Field Crops
           Corn for Grain (Bu)                                             7196         760705           4754         316161         -34%           -58%
           Wheat for Grain (Bu)                                            2060          83019            733          38239         -64%           -54%
           Ba r1ey for G f a in (B u)                                       1591         93521            688          41449         -57%           -56%
           Soybeans for Beans (Bu)                                        11565         403631           8424         213164         -27%           -47%
           Hay (Tons)                                                        948           1600           852            1529        -10%             -4%
          Vegetables                                                          19      -                     42      -                  121%
          Orchards                                                            33            W               51             W            55%
          Berries                                                          (NA)             W             (D)              W
          Nursery, Gfeenhouse, Sod                                           (D)                            34



          -      Represents zero
          (D)    Withheid to avoid disclosing data for individual farms.
          (NA) Not Available
          (x)    Not applicable






             Table XIII. Sales by Commodity ($1000- 1987 Dollars) - Gloucester County, Virgin]
                                                                                           1982 in
                                                                               1982       1987SSS             1987    % Change
             Field Crops
              Corn for Grain                                                    1593           1875            527         -72%
              Wheat for Grain                                                   217            255              96         -62%
              Barley for Grain                                                 (NA)           (NA)              43
              Soybeans for beans                                               2102            2474            1087        -56%
              Hay                                                                54             64              38         -40%
             Vegetables                                                          10             12             (D)
             Orchards/ Berries                                                  (D)            (D)              75
             Nursery, Greenhouse, Sod                                           587            691             965            40%
             Cattle and Calves                                                  166            195             103         -47%
             Hogs and Pigs                                                      202            238             250             5%
             Sheep and Lambs                                                                      8            (D)
             Horse and Ponies                                                    28             33              39            18%
             Poultry                                                             19             22             (D)



             -    Represents zero
             (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual farms.
             (NA) Not available
             (x) Not applicable

             Source: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. 1987 Census of Agriculture AC37-A-46
                     Volume 1, Geographic Area Series Part 46: Virginia, State and County Data.
                    Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1987.






             Table XIV. Number of Livestock                     Gloucester County, Virginia


                                                                                 1982           1987     % Change
             Cattle and Calves                                                    8SO            1025            16%
             Hogs and Pigs                                                       1235            157-3)          27%
             Sheep and Lambs                                                      206             (D)
             Horse and Ponies                                                     134             260           94%
             Poultry (Chickens -3) mo. +)                                        2661             303          -89%




















                 Table XV. Crop Acreage - 1987

                                                                 Gloucester County % Region %                        Kingtq2SL                                                                                                                                                          Total Re&:101, ly-
                                                                                                                                    ![I County % Region %                    Mathews_County % Region %                          Middlesex Coun!y % Region %
                 Field Crops
                   Coin for Grain                                           4754             31%            25%                10185            28%             53%                   1235            26%             6%                 2918            21%               15%          19092            27%
                   Wheat for Grain                                           733             5%               8%                4975            14%             55%                   547             12%             6%                 2853            20%               31%           9108            13%
                   Barley for Grain                                          688             4%             15%                 2996              8%            67%                     -             wo              00/0                770              6%              17%           4454              6%
                   Soybeans for Beans                                       8424             54%            25%                16612            46%             49%                  25U8             54%             7%                 6282            45%               1 wo         33826            48%
                   Hay                                                       852             5%             290/c                 896             3%            30%                   366             8%              12%                 &17              6%              29%           2961              4%
                 Vegetables                                                    42            wo             101/0                 124             00/0          30%                     -             01/0            wo                  253              2%              60%             419             1%
                 Orchards                                                      51            wo             46%                     19            00/0          17%                   (D)             00/0            00/0                   41            wo              37%             111             wo
                 Beffies                                                     (D)             00/0             00/0                  -             00/0             wo                   17            wo            IOQTO                    -             00/0            wc                17            wo
                 Nursery, Greenhouse, Sod                                      34            0%            IOUO/O                   -             Oalo             0%                 (D)             0%              00/0                   -             W/O             wo                34            090
                                                      Total                15578          10 (Y/V                              35807            100%                                 4673           1000/0                               1396-1          100%                           70022            1000/0




                 Table XVI. Number of Livestock - 1987
                                                                                                                               King/
                                                                 Gloucester County % Region %                               Queen County % Region %                          Mathews County % Region %                          Middlesex County % Region %                             Total Region %
                 Cattle and Calves                                          1025             32%            30176                 950           13%             28%                   324             39%             100/0              1039            68%               32%           3388            26%
                 flogs and Pigs                                             1573             50%            25%                 4032            54%             64%                   315             38%             5%                  424            27%               7%            634-1           48%
                 Sheep and Uambs                                             (D)             wo               00/0                (D)             00/0            0%                  111             13%           1000/0                   -             0%              Me              111             1%
                 I lorse and Ponies                                          260             8%             62%                     52            1%            12%                     86            10-70          21%                     21            1%              5%              419             3%
                 Poultry (Chickens 3 mo. +)                                  303             10%            11%                 2480            33%             87%                   (D)             .0%             0%                     65            4%              2%            2848            22%
                                                                            3161           100%                                 7514            1 (M                                  836           I(X)%                                1599            100%                           13110           1001/0



                 -        Represents Zero
                 (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual farms.
                 (NA) Not available
                 (x)       Not applicable



                    0                                                                         0                                                                            0


           Table XVII. Farms by Value of Sales - 1987

                                                Gloucester Region 0/o                          -        Mathews Region %          Middlesex Region %             Total
           Less ilian $2500                               41        28%             45            30%           36        24%               26        18%           148
           $2500-$49W                                     24        35%             22            32%            8        12%               15        22%           69
           $5000-$99(s)                                   11        18%             28            47%           12        20%                9        15%           60
           $10000-$24999                                  17        29%             21            36%            7        12%               14        24%           59
           $25000-S49999                                  17        33%             21            41%            6        12%                7        14%           51
           $50CM-S99999                                   10        45%               5           23%            3        14%                4        18%           22
           $ 100WO or more                                10        26%             15            39%            5        13%                8        21%           38


           Total Sales ($1000)                          3570        24%            5449           37%         2606        18%             3048        21%        14673
                                      ($1000)           3434        24%            5389           37%         2315        16%             3262        23%        14400
                Average per Farm (Dollars)             26216        20%          34322            26%        3W05         23%            39776        31%       130379


           Net Cash Return from Ag Sales


                 Average per farm (Dollars)              1572       41%             675           18%         3781        lW%           -2240        -59%         3788


                                                              County %                      County %
           Farms widi Nei Gains (Number)                  49        38%             64            41%           26        34 'Y(,           23        28%           162          3 6
           Farms mith Net Losses (Number                  81.       62%             93            59%           51        66%               59        72%           284          64%
                                        Total             130       100%            157           I(X)%         77        100%              82        100%          446         100%
                Represents zero
           (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual far ms.
           (NA) Not available
















































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                                                                                             Some farming 3@d
                                                                                                             t
                                                                                             timberin& par        larger
                                            J zr@                                              gional econ my.
                                                                                             re             0

                                                                                                          High amenitj'@high Value
                                                                                                          edges.
                                                                                                                         All




                                                                                                          pural wooded
                                                                                                                           .haracler-

                                                                                                              Reservoir Capacity is
                                                                                                              +10,000 du's.
          C,ood schools, several
          additional schodis needed.




                                                                  S jalk
                                                                                                          Historic corre  affordable
                                                                                                          housing.







                                                                                                          Thru trafficilocal traffic
                                                                                                          conflict - over dependance
                                                                                                                 connection to
                                                                                                          on tine
           Residentidt "stripping' o
                                                                                                          mainland.
            tOdds.


                                                                                                                                    alin,
                                                                                                                    zone, floodO
             Airport site.                                                                                wetlands, Poor soil
                                                                                                          percolation.


             Poor f1scal base - starter
             and mobile homes.

             Housing arva is 'hodge-
             podge'.


                                                                                                          Uni pro, A road "em
                                                                                                          capacity is   6,000-+8,000
                                                                                                                        'O(M) - + -i'000
                                                                                                          job,                   :@ -  -
             Problems -and 0J)Port"InIfit.-I












                                                                                               Allow development on non-
                                                                                               prime, non-erodibte, good
                                                                                               percolation soils. Allow or
                                                                                               require clustering.
                                                                                               Maximize development
                                                                                               along edges, apply
                                                                                               environmental controls,

                                                                                               Ensure some public acce5s
                                                                                               to water,







              Modify regulations to
              prevent further "stripping"" of                                                          v      st conservation
                                                                                                          requirements.
              roads.
                                                                                                          Preserve_;Pnh,3n(-t- historic


                                                                                  V                   'Plan now for post-reservoir
                                                                                 16.                    -ater source.@'






                                                                        It



              Protect key future                                                                          a-Limit development in
              employment opportunities.                                                                       yside

                       Arport
              Relocate
                                                 7-

              Create employment
              opportunities and incentives
                                                                                                                                 A
              for some hi,
                         gher end
              housin-
                                               OIf
                                                                                         AX
                                                                                                          separate thru traffic from
              Foster 2rio horne retirement-__
                                                                                                          local traffic@
              Market.
                                                                                                                        mrn
                                                                                                                All         ercia4
                                                                                                          gun Oct!                 off
                                                                                A
                                                                                                          mainline.
              Increase cow"Istent v and
              definition of "ejo horhmids.
                                                                                                          Push N          Crossing and
                                                                                                          program continuous
                                                                                                                     h collectors for
                                                                                                          north. sout
                                                                                                          re!" s -d buildout capacity of
                     W"itlential   41ing
                                                                                                               000 du's anO +20,M
                     C. unty -Tat',V.@av
                                                                                                          Jobs. (i.e, reduction of
                                                                                                          m,ooo du,s and 35.OW jaW
              Policy Response to                    and Oppominitics

                                                                                                                                     _44







 0















                        APPENDIX E





                          DRAFT
 0         CREATIVE RURAL DEVELOPMENT PACKAGE









                           New Zoning Categories for
                           Gloucester Countys Rural Areas


                           Introduction

                           This paper addresses changes needed to various sections of the Gloucester
                           County Zoning Ordinance and Subdivision Regulations to implement the new
                           rural zoning districts identified in the Updated Comprehensive Plan. The
                           changes are organized by Article of the Ordinance. The paper is a mix of
                           narrative explanatory text and proposed ordinance language.


                           Amendments to the Zoning Ordinance

                           Article 1. Intent of the Zoning Ordinance

                           Add to Section 1 -1 Additional Purpose: "(10) To implement the
                           Comprehensive Plan"

                           Article 2.    Definitions


                           Add "agribusiness".
                           Add "silviculture" as an activity under the definition of "agriculture".
                           Add "cluster development'.
                               "Cluster Development: A form of development that permits a reduction
                               in lot area and bulk requirements, provided there is no increase in the
                               number of lots permitted under a conventional subdivision or increase in
                               the overall density of development, and the remaining land area is
                               devoted to open space, active recreation, preservation of environmentally
                               sensitive areas, or agriculture. Open space is generally to be contiguous."
                           Add "Country Inn".
                               "Country Inn: An historic building(s) in which for compensation, lodging
                               and meals are offered to transient guests on a daily, weekly, or similar
                               short term basis; and which may include related accessory uses."
                           Add "development'.
                               "Development. This term refers to the establishment of a principal use on
                               a site; a change in a principal use of a site; or the improvement or
                               alteration of a site by construction, enlargement, or relocation of a
                               structure, the provision of storm water management or roads, the grading







                                  of existing topography, the clearing or grubbing of existing vegetation, or
                                  any other non-agricultural activity that results in a change in existing site
                                  conditions."
                             Add "Density, net'.
                                  "Density, net: A unit of measure; the number of dwelling units per acre of
                                  the total land to be developed less (1) area of ponds, lakes or other
                                  impounded water bodies; (2) wetlands; (3) areas with slopes in excess of
                                  twenty (20) percent"
                             Add "forest'.
                                  "Forest: Areas of stands of trees the majority of which are greater than
                                  twelve inches caliper, covering an area greater than one-quarter acre; or
                                  groves of mature trees without regard to minimum area consisting of
                                  substantial numbers of individual speciments."
                             Add to definition of "creek or stream..." as designated on the USGS quad
                                  maps".
                             Add "soils erodible".
                             Add Uil@life Management Plan".
                                  "Widlife Management Plan: A Plan developed by an ecologist or natural
                                  scientist which provides measures for the management and preservation
                                  of wildlife in the rural areas of the County. Such a Plan shall contain an
                                  analysis of existing species on site and in the relevant adjacent areas,
                                  related migratory and feeding patterns, relationship of species to their
                                  natural habitat, and appropriate measures to preserve these species in the
                                  face of proposed development."

                             Article 4.     Establishment and Purpose of Districts

                             Create intent clauses for the new districts and delete existing rural district (R-1).
                             Also create new rural business district.


                                  "Conservation District (C-2)

                                  The intent of the C-2 District is to protect and conserve the natural
                                  resources of the Bayside area of the County, to reduce soil and shore
                                  erosion, to protect watersheds and wildlife habitats, reduce hazards from
                                  flood, hurricane and fire, to protect wetlands and to preserve large
                                  contiguous areas of open space and forests. A limited amount of
                                  residential development is permitted and clustering is encouraged to
                                  achieve the districts intent."






                                                                                                                2








                                "Rural Countryside (RC-1)

                                The intent of the RC-1 District is to conserve farm and forestland and to
                                encourage agricultural activities, thereby helping to ensure that
                                commercial agriculture and silviculture will continue as a long term land
                                use and a viable economic activity within the County. The RC District is
                                also established to preserve natural features and the rural landscape, while
                                allowing low density, clustered residential development. Residential
                                development is to be permitted only when it is located and designed to
                                minimize its impact on agricultural land, farming and silviculture, and
                                sensitive environmental features; to create attractive rural developments;
                                and to respect existing features of the rural landscape. Cluster
                                development is encouraged to better achieve these goals."

                                "Suburban Countryside (SC-1)

                                The intent of the SC-1 District is to allow low density residential
                                development within a rural environment. The SC-1 District is intended
                                for limited areas suitable for such development by virtue of their non-
                                prime, non-erodible soils and their suitability for septic systems. In many
                                cases, these areas are already largely committed to low density residential
                                subdivisions. Cluster development is encouraged in order to protect
                                environmental and landscape resources and to preserve agricultural or
                                forest lands."


                                "Business, Rural (BR-1)

                                The intent of the BR-1 District is to provide for the needs of the rural
                                residential and farming communities and to allow for a combination of
                                business and industrial uses not otherwise permitted in the B-1 District."

                           We have identified a number of additional measures appropriate for rural
                           development. In reviewing these, it seems that some of the measures may be
                           applicable to all development in the County, and may constitute general
                           revisions to the ordinances. Generally applicable measures might include:

                                0    25' buffers on contiguous non-tidal wetlands not regulated under the
                                     CBPO.
                                0    No development on slopes above 15% on erodible soils
                                0    No development on slopes above 20% on other soils, where such
                                     areas are measured over a 10' change in grade and are more than
                                     10,000 sq. ft. in area



                                                                                                            3








                           Article 5.    District Regulations

                           On Official Schedule (page 1809) substitute SC-1 for R-1 category and modify
                           permitted uses and special exceptions as shown on the revised Official Schedule
                           tables. (changes are to make uses compatible with a rural residential rather than an
                           agricultural district):

                           Create new categories for C-2, RC-1, HC-1 and BR-1 as shown in the following
                           tables, which are a partial version of the Official Schedule on pg. 1809 of the
                           Ordinance. A listing of permitted uses and caveats is contained under new Section
                           5.4 which is more restrictive on the preserved areas of parcels subdivided as cluster
                           divisions than for parcels not subdivided for residential use. The purpose of the
                           restrictions on preserved areas is to ensure their relative compatibility with residential
                           uses and to permanently protect these preserved parcels from any future
                           development.





























                                                                                                                4



                           0                                                                                                 0                                                                                                    0
          Table 1:               New RC-1 Zone Schedule (changes shown in bold)
                                 (not all column headings from Official Schedule shown in this table)


            Zoning       Permitted        Minimum Lot Size                                            Max. Percent.   of Lot Max. Ht. of           Minimum Yard Dimensions                      Misc. Requirements
            District     Uses                                                                         to be Occupied           Principal
                                                                                                      (Principal &             Building
                                                                                                      Accessory Bldgs.)

                                          With Sewer With Sewer With On-site Width                                             Stories feet        front One Side        Sum of Side Rear
                                          AND Water OR Water             Sewer AND                                                                         Yard          Yard
                                          supply         Supply          Water

                1              2               5               6                7             8                 9                10        11       12         13             14          15                      19

               RC-1


                         Agriculture

                         Fores"

                         Single family    I or5          I or 5          1 or 5           125 or                               2 1/z     35        75      25 or 50      50 or 100      100     If clustered, one acre minimum
                         detached                                                         200                                                                                                   or two acre maximum lots at a
                         dwellings                                                                                                                                                              net density of one unit per four
                                                                                                                                                                                                acres; otherwise five acre
                                                                                                                                                                                                minimum lots required. The
                                                                                                                                                                                                larger alternative dimensions in
                                                                                                                                                                                                the schedule are to be used with
                                                                                                                                                                                                5 acre lots or greater.

                         Mobile           I or 5         1 or 5          1 or 5           125 or                                         15        75      25 or 50      50 or 100      20      Permitted uses continuous
                         home,                                                            200                                                                                                   foundation and skirting required.
                         individual
                         (Rest of table
                         duplicates
                         current R-1
                         table in
                         Ordinance)
          F




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  5



          Table 2:9 New SCA Zone Schedule
                                 (not all column headings from Official Schedule shown in this table)


            Zoning        Permitted Uses         Special Exceptions      Minimum Lot Size                                             Max. Percent. of Max. Ht. of              Minimum Yard Dimensions              Misc. Requirements
            District                                                                                                                  Lot to be             Principal
                                                                                                                                      occupied              Building
                                                                                                                                      (Principal &
                                                                                                                                      Accessory
                                                                                                                                      Bidgs.)

                                                                         With Sewer       With Sewer       With On-site Width                               Stories     Feet Front One            Sum
                                                                         AND Water        OR Water         Sewer AND                                                                     Side     of
                                                                         Supply           Supply           Water                                                                         Yard     Side
                                                                                         I                                                                                                       I Yard
                1                2                        3                     5                6                7            8               8               10         11      12        13        14      15                  19

            SC-1       Agricculture            Child care centers

                       Forestry                Group homes

                       Home gardens            Bed and Breakfast

                       Parks                   Uses required for the
                                               provision and main
                                               tenance of private
                                               wastewater utilities


                       Home
                       occupations,
                       including wayside
                       stands and
                       greenhouses with
                       retail and
                       wholesale of
                       produce.

                       Uses required for
                       the provisions and
                       maintenance of
                       public facilities and
                       utilities


                       In-home child care
                      I provider
                       Single family                                     30,000 or 2      30,000 or 2      30,000 or 2     100 or                           21/2        35      50 or    20 or    40 or     50 or    if clustered, 30,000 sq. IL
                       detached dwellings                                                                                  150                                                  75       30       60        100      minimum or 1 acre
                                                                                                                                                                                                                     maximum lots at a net
                                                                                                                                                                                                                     density of 1 unit per 1 1A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                     acres; otherwise, 2 acre
                                                                                                                                                                                                                     minimum lots required.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                     The larger alternative
                                                                                                                                                                                                                     dimensions in the
                                                                                                                                                                                                                     Schedule are to be used
                                                                                                                                                                                                                     with 2 acre lots or greater.



                         0                                                                                         0                                                                                             0
            Table 3: New HC-1 Zone Schedule
                     (Not all column headings from Official Schedule shown in this table)


                                 2                                3                       5             6           7          a         10 11       12       13        14       is                       19

           HC-11   Agriculture, except that
                   keeping of livestock and
                   poultry shall not be
                   permitted

                   Forestry

                   Home gardens

                   Parks


                   Home oocupations

                   Uses required for the
                   provision and maintenance of
                   public facilities & utilities

                   In-house child care provider

                   Domestic pets, including
                   horses & ponies, provided,
                   however, that horses and
                   ponies shall require a
                   minimim of 2 acres

                   Single family detached                                            20,000 or 20,000 or 1 30,000         100 or 125    21/2 35 25 or      15 or     30 or     50 or    If clustered, 20,000 sq. ft. minimum or
                   dwelling                                                          I                          or 1                               50      25        50        100      30,000 sq. Ift. maximum (for Columns 5
                                                                                                                                                                                        & 6) or 30,000 min. and 35,000 max.
                                                                                                                                                                                        (Column 7) at a net density of 1 unit
                                                                                                                                                                                        per acre; otherwise, 1 acre min. lots
                                                                                                                                                                                        required. Where shared septic fields
                                                                                                                                                                                        are approved, cluster lot size may be
                                                                                                                                                                                        further reduced by 25%. The larger
                                                                                                                                                                                        alternative dimensions in the Schedule
                                                                                                                                                                                        are to be used with 1 acre lots or
                                                                                                                                                                                        greater.

                                                  Churches and other places of
                                                  worship

                                                  Group Homes

                                                  Schools, libraries, museum







        Table 4:               New C-2 Zone Schedule
                               (Not all column headings from Official Schedule shown in this table)


         Zoning          Permitted Uses                               Minimum Lot Size                                                   Max. Percent. of to( Max. tit. of Principal Building
         District                                                                                                                        to be Occupied
                                                                                                                                         (Principal &
                                                                                                                                         Accessory Bldgs.)

                                                                      With Sewer       With Sewer                        Width                                     Stories          Feet
                                                                      AND Water OR Water
                                                                      Supply           Supply                                           I                                           I
               1                              2                              5                6                7               8                    9                  10-15        Miscellaneous Requirements

         C-2             Move the following from Permitted
                         Uses to Special Exceptions:
                            Portable sawmills
                            Golf courses
                            Livestock feed lot
                            Sawmills and
                                 planing mills

                         Add Wthout golf courses* to coun
                         clubs and riding stables in pei
                         list. Add appropriate Special Exception
                         Criteria designation (or
                         Column 4

                         Single family detached dwellings             1 or 7.5         1 or 7.5         1 or 7.5         125 or 250                                As per the       if clustered, 1 acre min, 2 acre max lots at a net
                                                                                                                                                                   RC-1             density of 1 unit per 5 acres; otherwise 7.5 acre min.
                                                                                                                                                                                    lots requried. The larger alternative dimensions in the
                                                                                                                                                                                    -Schedule are to be used with 7.5 acre lots or greater.
        L----.TMobile home, individual                                1 or 7.5         1 or 7.5         1 or 7.5         125 or 250                                As per the
                                                                                                        With On-site
                                                                                                        Sewer AND
                                                                                                        Water







   &able 5:                     New BR-1 Zone Schedule
                     (Not all column headings from official schedule shown in this table)


           Permitted Uses                                            Special Exceptions    Max. Percentage of        Max. Ht of             Misc. Requirements
                                                                                           Lot to be Occupied       -Prindpal uilding
                                                                                           (Principal and
                                                                                           Accessory Buildings)      Stories     Feet

           Animal hospital, completely enclosed                                                       30                21/2        35      Maximum use and structure setbacks
           Auction facility                                                                                                                 shall be 50'from a public right-of-
           Bed & breakfast                                                                                                                  way, 100'from all other residentially
           Blacksmith shop                                                                                                                  zoned property and 30' from a
           Carnivals & fairs                                                                                                                business or industrial distrim All
           Contractors offices & indoor/outdoor storage                                                                                     activities related to the repair and
            facility, provided that the maximum lot size for                                                                                maintenance of vehicles or
            such use shall be ten acres.                                                                                                    equipment shall take place within a
           Farm supply store                                                                                                                building.
           Farmer's market or farm produce stand
           Farm forestery and construction equipment
            repair/service
           Farming
           Feed or grain mills
           Firewood sales
           Gasoline service station
           Government structure, facility or use
           Horse tack and saddlery shop
           Lawn and garden equipment sales, service &
            repair
           Livestock sales and auction markets
           Mulch manufacture
           Nonprofit dub, lodge or community hall
           One dwelling unit per lot improved by a
            business establishment. A dwelling which is not
            within the same structure as the business shall be
            permitted only on a lot of five or more acres.
           Processing and storage of agricultural
            products, including grain, fruit@ vegetables, meat
            or animal products.
           Religious activities, structures used primarily
            for churches and other places of worship
           Retail greenhouse, garden center or nursery
           Sale of Christmas trees or other seasonal
            decorative plant materials between December
            first and January first
           Sawmills
           School bus storage
           Taxidermy
           Uses required for provision and maintenance
            of public facilities and utilities
           Welding service

                                                                     Country Inn
                                                                     Kennels
                                                                     Child Care center
                                                                     General Store













   0








                     (New) Section 5.4 Conservation and countryside District Development
                                            Provisions

                             In the C-2, RC-1, HC-1, and SC-1 Districts, the following provisions shall
                             apply-
                             a)   Forest Conservation. In developments of 15 acres or more, lot
                                  arrangement and layout shall be such that existing forest cover onsite is
                                  retained in large contiguous blocks.
                             b)   Lot Sizes with Shared Septic Drain Field. In developments where units are
                                  to be clustered and shared septic systems are approved by the Health
                                  Department, lot size may be reduced to 33,000 sq. ft.

                             c)   Cluster Subdivision Requirements.
                                  (1)  This type of subdivision consists of cluster lots, which are located on
                                       a portion or portions of the parcel being subdivided, and a preserved
                                       area, which is the entire residual area of the parcel being subdivided.

                                  (2)  The maximum cluster lot size shall be as defined in the Official
                                       Schedule in Section 5-2.

                                  (3)  The maximum number of cluster lots which may be created shall be
                                       calculated by dividing the net acreage of the parcel being subdivided
                                       by the density given in the Official Schedule. For parcels which are
                                       subject to a preliminary subdivision plat approved on or before (date
                                       of adoption), the density shall be derived from the Official Schedule
                                       or the density achieved on the preliminary plat, whichever is greater.
                                       One additional principal dwelling unit shall be allowed on the
                                       preserved area, provided the preserved area is at least 25 acres. if a
                                       dwelling unit is to be allowed on the preserved area, and the
                                       preserved area is less than 25 acres, the number of permitted cluster
                                       lots shall be decreased by one.

                                  (4)  The maximum density of on the Official Schedule refers to principal
                                       dwelling units and not to accessory uses such as farm tenant houses,
                                       caretaker dwellings-or accessory apartments.

                                  (5)  The final plat(s) for the entire preserved area of a cluster subdivision
                                       shall be recorded at the same time that final plats are recorded for all
                                       cluster lots or the first section of cluster lots in the subdivision. Bulk
                                       parcels may be recorded for future sections of cluster lots, provided
                                       such parcels are unbuildable until subdivided into cluster lots.




                                                                                                                   10








                                (6)  The restrictions and requirements for the preserved area given in
                                     Section (d)(7) below shall not apply to the residual land of a minor
                                     subdivision (three or fewer lots plus a residual lot) if the potential
                                     density is not exhausted, but shall apply at the time that a major
                                     subdivision is recorded or the maximum number of permitted cluster
                                     lots are recorded.

                                (7)  The design of a cluster subdivision shall reflect the intended principal
                                     use or uses of the preserved area (i.e. farming, silviculture
                                     conservation area or other allowed uses as listed in Section (d)(8). As
                                     .applicable, cluster subdivisions shall be designed to accomplish the
                                     following objectives:

                                     a.  Result in a preserved area which is functional for its intended
                                         uses;
                                     b.  Cluster new lots in an arrangement which minimizes adverse
                                         impacts on the functioning of the preserved area;
                                     c.  Minimize disturbance of existing farm or silviculture operations;
                                     d.  Avoid the need for removal of existing hedge rows or tree
                                         stands, particularly along public street rights-of-ways and
                                         between housing and farmland; and
                                     e.  Maximize the frontage of lots onto internal local roads and
                                         minimize the frontage and access of lots to state roads of a
                                         minor collector or higher classification;
                                     f.  Buffering where lots back onto public roads of a minor collector
                                         or higher classification; existing wooded buffers shall be
                                         preserved for a minimum depth of fifty feet or a similar
                                         landscape buffer shall be planted.
                                     g.  Preserve the rural and scenic quality of the landscape,
                                         particularly as viewed from public roads.
                                     h.  In projects involving 100 or more acres, a wildlife management
                                         plan shall be submitted.
                                     i.  Open space and conservation areas shall be contiguous both on
                                         site and off tract- Stream corridors and contiguous wetlands can
                                         provide linkage.
                                     j.  Maximum total lot disturbance: Fifty percent of lot area or
                                         25,000 square feet, whichever is less. Site disturbance shall
                                         include all areas disturbed for the purpose of constructing
                                         buildings and structures as well as all graded areas and lawns.
                                         The total shall include disturbed areas both inside and outside
                                         the building envelope.
                                     k.  Maximum total tract disturbance for public improvements
                                         including streets and stormwater management facilities: ten
                                         percent of tract area. This excludes private site amenities such
                                         as tennis courts or golf courses. All improvement-related








                                           disturbance shall be included in this calculation, including areas
                                           of grading and vegetation removal as well as the cartways and
                                           basins.

                                 (8) The following requirements and restrictions shall apply to the
                                      preserved area of a cluster subdivision.
                                      a.   The preserved area may be divided into more than one lot only
                                           at the time that the preserved area is originally recorded and
                                           only if the lots are designated for different principal uses in
                                           accordance with the purposes of the RC-1 DistricL The lot or
                                           lots which constitute the preserved area for a cluster subdivision
                                           shall be referred to as preservation parcels.
                                      b.   Only the following uses may be permitted as a matter of right on
                                           preservation parcels:

                                           1.    Farming.

                                           2.    Conservation areas, including wildlife and forest preserves,
                                                 environmental management areas, reforestation areas, and
                                                 similar uses.

                                           3.    One single-family detached dwelling unit on the preserved
                                                 area for a cluster subdivision, if provided for as required by
                                                 Section (d)3.

                                           4.    Commercial feed mills and commercial grain processing or
                                                 storage facilities, provided that all uses connected with such
                                                 facilities shall be at least 200 feet from lot lines.

                                           5.    Private outdoor recreational facilities, such as parks, athletic
                                                 fields, swimming pools, basketball courts and tennis courts,
                                                 reserved for use by residents of a community and their
                                                 guests. Such facilities shall be located within communities
                                                 where all properties are included within recorded
                                                 covenants and liens which govern and provide financial
                                                 support for operation of the facilities.

                                           6.    Government uses, limited to public schools, conservation
                                                 areas, parks, and recreational facilities.

                                           7.    Sales of Christmas trees or other seasonal decorative plant
                                                 material, between December first and January first, subject
                                                 to the requirements given in Section

                                           8.    Underground pipelines; electric transmission and

                                                                                                                12








                                              distribution lines; telephone, telegraph and CATV lines;
                                              fiber optics/data lines; mobile transformer units; telephone
                                              equipment boxes; and other, similar public utility uses not
                                              requiring a special exception.

                                     c.   Farm tenant houses and caretaker dwellings shall be permitted
                                          as accessory uses on preservation parcels which are improved by
                                          a principal dwelling unit.

                                     d.   Special exception uses which do not require construction of new
                                          structures or use of more than .25 acres of outdoor area may be
                                          allowed on preservation parcels, provided the land area used is
                                          not suitable for agriculture or silviculture. In addition, the
                                          following special exception uses which may require additional
                                          structures or land area may be permitted on preservation
                                          parcels:

                                          1 . Agribusiness provided that all structures and uses associated
                                              with these facilities shall be limited to an area not greater
                                              than 50 acres and located no nearer than 500 feet to an
                                              existing residence on a different lot. In addition, for meat
                                              and dairy processing facilities or livestock slaughtering
                                              facilities, all structures and uses shall be at least 300 feet
                                              from lot lines.
                                          2.  Country clubs and golf courses.
                                          3.  Farm tenant houses and lots of at least 25 but less than 50
                                              acres.
                                          4.  Riding academies and stables.

                                          Special exception uses shall not be allowed on preservation
                                          parcels unless they support the primary purpose of the
                                          preservation parcel and are approved by the Board of Appeals in
                                          accordance with the applicable provisions of Sections 14-16
                                          through 14-21 of these Regulations.
                                    e. Only one preservation parcel within a cluster subdivision may be
                                          improved by a dwelling.










                                                                                                        13









                                            For each preservation parcel, a preservation parcel easement
                                            agreement shall be recorded in the Land Records of Gloucester
                                            County at the time of recordation of the final plat. The
                                            easement agreement shall be approved by the Zoning
                                            Administrator prior to recordation. The easement shall run with
                                            the land, shall be in full force and effect in perpetuity, and shall
                                            describe and identify the following:

                                            1 .  The location and size of the preservation parcel.
                                            2.   Existing improvements on the preservation parcel.
                                            3.   A prohibition on future residential, commercial or industrial
                                                 development of the preservation parcel, other than the uses
                                                 listed in paragraphs 8.a, 8.b, and 8.c above. The easement
                                                 must specify the primary purpose of the preservation parcel,
                                                 and prohibit the use of the reservation parcel for
                                                 incompatible uses.
                                            4.   A prohibition on future subdivision of the preservation
                                                 parcel.
                                            5.   Provisions for maintenance of the preservation parcel.
                                            6.   Responsibility for enforcement of the easement
                                            7.   provisions for succession in the event that one of the parties
                                                 to an easement agreement ceases to exist

                                       g.   Regardless of who the owner of a preservation parcel is or will
                                            be, the property owner and the County shall be parties to the
                                            above easement, and, in addition, either of the following two:

                                            1 .  The State Environmental or Historical Trust;
                                            2. A land conservation organization.
















                                                                                                                14









                          Amendments to the Subdivision Ordinance





                          Article 1, Section 15-2, Purpose of Chapter

                          Add to text, first paragraph, the following phrases (in italics): "These
                          procedures are part of a long range plan to guide and facilitate the orderly,
                          beneficial growth of the Community, to implement the Comprehensive Plan
                          and Major Thoroughfare Plan, and to promote the public health  ..... to provide a
                          guide for good change that occurs when lands and acreage become urban in
                          character as a result of development for residential, business for industrial
                          purposes, to preserve rural character when development occurs in rural areas,
                          to provide assurance that...

                          Section 15-3, Definitions

                          Revise and provide new definitions of streets for consistency with the Major
                          Thoroughfare Plan.

                               Street, major arterial


                               Street, minor arterial


                               Street, major collector


                               Street, minor collector


                               Street; local


                               Expressway (?)
                          Add definition for "Open Space Management Plan"
                               "Open Space Management Plan: A document referencing the open space
                               in a cluster development which specifies who shall own, maintain and be
                               responsible for the subdivision's open space including the preservation
                               parcel. This plan shall be approved by the agent as part of the
 0                             preliminary plat process and shall be recorded with the final plat."

                                                                                                      15










                            insert under definition of "subdivision", Section 15-3.

                            (The following amendments are intended to close the three-lots-at-a-fime
                            loophole in the ordinance for lots over 5 acres which now results in the
                            stripping of lots along existing state roads and in large subdivisions on private
                            roads.)

                                 "Any division of land created after (effective date of legislation) shall have
                                 direct access to a public street or road provided that: no more than two of
                                 these lots shall take access from an existing public road classified as a
                                 minor collector or above and that the original parcel from which the initial
                                 subdivision is created shall be that which existed on (effective date of
                                 legislation); subsequent subdivisions shall be counted against the original
                                 parcei.11

                                 (This approach suggests that the amendment should be adopted as
                                 emergency legislation, i.e. effective upon adoption, to forestall any rush to
                                 subdivide into small blocks to create new original parcels and thus subvert
                                 the intent of legislation; it also requires a Major Thoroughfare Plan which
                                 classifies roads in the county and a definition of major (4 or more lots)
                                 versus minor (less than 4 lots) subdivisions.]

                            Section 15-14, Subsurface Sewage Disposal

                            Insert requirement for applicant to show soils (per the SCS handbook) on the
                            preliminary plat so as to facilitate Health Department review.

                            Section 15-17, Water and Sewage Systems Authorized
                            To maximize the use of public water and sewer systems and to implement the
                            comprehensive plan, the current permissive language allowing private septic
                            and well systems anywhere should be amended. The amendment should
                            reference a public water and sewer service area which is to be included in the
                            Master Water and Sewer Plans. Within this service area, private systems may
                            only be installed on a case-by-case basis for individual lots. in such cases, a
                            commitment to connect to public systems within 18 months of their availability
                            may be required as part of th 'e approval. in proposed subdivisions, dry sewer
                            and water systems shall be installed to be connected at the developer's
                            expense once the public systems are extended to the subdivision. Escrow
                            monies or a bond is to be required for such connections at the same time that
                            other bonding commitments are made.






                                                                                                               16









                          Section 15-22, Reservation of Land for Public Purposes in Residential
                          Subdivisions

                          Since the Comprehensive Plan can more easily show general areas where
                          future public facilities are needed rather than specific sites, the language
                          should be amended to reflect this. Under "public facilities" make the following
                          change:

                               "Where a proposed park ... or public use shown on the County
                               Comprehensive Plan is located in the vicinity of a subdivision, the agent
                               may require dedication or reservation of such areas within the
                               subdivision."

                          Section 15-34 (now reserved)

                          Insert a limit on cul-de-sac lengths to encourage internal loop systems and
                          inter-subdivision connectivity so as to reduce dependance on major roads for
                          all auto trips. Cul-de-sac lengths should be related to number of lots served
                          (or ADT volume) rather than an absolute length. Thus, a limit of 25 lots for
                          cul-de-sacs would mean about a 1000' length for lots of about 100' frontage or
                          about 2,000' for lots with 250' frontage.

                          Division 4. Lots

                          Section 15-40, Arrangement, Design and Shape

                          The 1 00'frontage requirement on state roads is too wide for 10,000 sq. ft. lots
                          which would be square rather than rectangular. For such smaller lots, a 75' or
                          80' minimum frontage is more appropriate, as the zoning schedule indicates.

                          Section 15-49, Preliminary Plat

                          Require applicant to show streams, wetlands, soils and wooded areas on plats.












                                                                                                      17








                          Guidelines for Preserving Rural Character

                          The Comprehensive Plan should contain several principles on preserving rural
                          character that the zoning and subregs can implement in more detail.

                          The goals and objectives for such preservation in the Comprehensive Plan
                          should be organized by Landform. Sample goals and implementation
                          techniques are included in Tables 1 through 3.

                          Table 1. Development Type: Single-Family Development Landform - Farm
                                   Fields

                          Minimize visual              1   Structures should not be placed in open
                          impact                           fields.
                                                       2.  Residences should be located adjacent to
                                                           tree lines and wooded field edges.
                                                       3.  Residences should not front directly on off-
                                                           site streets.
                                                       4.  Where clustering will yield open space that
                                                           can remain in active agriculture, its use
                                                           should be explored and possibly required.
                          Retain rural features        1 . Existing farm roads should be incorporated
                                                           into subdivision design.
                                                       2.  Stone rows and tree lines should be
                                                           preserved.
                                                       3.  Existing agricultural structures such as barns
                                                           and silos should be preserved where feasible.

                                                       1   Roads should follow existing contours.
                          Minimize site                2.  Disturbance for the construction of roads,
                          disturbance                      basins, and other improvements should be
                                                           kept at a minimum.
                                                       3.  Disturbance on individual lots should be
                                                           limited.















                                                                                                    18









                           Table 2. Development Type: Single-Family Development Landform -
                                    Waterfront Development

                           Goals                        ImIglementation Techn@ques

                           Minimize visual              1 . A minimum setback from lakes or ponds
                           impact                           should be consistently maintained.
                                                        2.  The maximum linear disturbance per lot
                                                            should be limited. Disturbances include
                                                            docks, bulkheads, decks, walkways, and
                                                            beach areas.

                           Retain water quality         1 . A water quality management plan should be
                                                            prepared to control chemical pollutants, such
                                                            as hydrocarbons and fertilizers.
                                                        2.  High-quality waters should be identified and
                                                            monitored to maintain and enhance water
                                                            quality.
                                                        3.  On-site wastewater treatment facilities should
                                                            be designed to effectively protect surface
                                                            water and groundwater.

                           Minimize site                1 . Total disturbance, especially within buffer
                           disturbance                      areas, should be limited.
                                                        2.  Roads should follow existing contours.
                                                        3.  Disturbance for the construction of roads,
                                                            basins, and other improvements should be
                                                            kept to a minimum.
                                                        4.  Disturbance on individual lots should be
                                                            limited.





















                                                                                                        19








                           Table 3. Development Type: Single-Family Development Landform -
                                     Wooded Slopes

                           Goals                         Implementation Techniques

                           Minimize visual               1    Structures should not be placed on ridge
                           impact of                          lines.
                           development                   2.   Trees on ridges should not be removed.
                                                         3.   Water towers should not be placed on top of
                                                              ridge lines.
                                                         4. . The height of water towers should be limited
                                                              to an elevation below the crown line of
                                                              mature on-site trees.


                           Retain woodland               1 .  Stone rows and tree lines should be
                           features                           preserved.
                                                         2.   Treed areas between the principal structure
                                                              and the drive or roadway should be retained.
                                                         3.   The creation of extensive lawn areas should
                                                              be discouraged.

                                                         1 .  Roads should follow existing contours.
                           Minimize site                 2.   disturbance for the construction of roads,
                           disturbance                        basins, and other improvements should be
                                                              kept to a minimum.
                                                         3.   Disturbance on individual lots should be
                                                              limited.
                                                         4.   Building envelopes should be limited and
                                                              located in the most suitable areas for
                                                              development.
                                                         5.   Areas beyond reduced envelopes should be
                                                              restricted against development.
                                                         6.   Building envelopes should not be drawn into
                                                              steep slope areas.
                                                         7.   The maximum amount of natural vegetation
                                                              on each site should be preserved.










                                                                                                           20








                                  in the subdivision regulations, special submission requirements for
                                  development in rural areas shall include a graphic and narrative site feature
                                  inventory to include:
                                     11critical areas, vistas, ridge lines, wetlands, floodplains, slopes, tree lines,
                                     stone rows, significant rock outcrops and tree masses, rare and endangered
                                     species habitats, trout maintenance and trout- production streams, and any
                                     additional features uniquely affecting a site."
                                  Beyond cluster design provision recommended in the zoning code (new
                                  Section 5.4(d)(7)a-k), the following guidelines should be inserted into the
                                  subdivision regulations in Division 4, Lots.

                                        New Section 15.48.            Design Standards for Lots in Rural Subdivisions

                                        (a.) Building envelopes shall be located as follows:

                                              1     Building envelopes shall be selected that do not include the tops
                                                    of ridge lines.
                                              2.    Building envelopes shall avoid open fields.
                                              3.    Building envelopes shall be located on the edges of fields and in
                                                    wooded areas to minimize the visual impact of development
                                              4.    Building envelopes shall not include wetlands.
                                              5.    Building envelopes shall not include areas with slopes in excess
                                                    of 35 percent.

                                        (b.)  Where clustering is elected, the following requirements shall apply:

                                              1 .   Clustering shall be permitted upon the submission of an
                                                    acceptable open space management plan.
                                              2.    The minimum common open space shall be contiguous; where
                                                    active recreation is provided, it shall be located to be accessible
                                                    to the majority of units.
                                              3.    Roadways shall follow existing contours to minimize the extent
                                                    of cuts and fills.
                                              4.    Where sites include linear features such as existing access roads,
                                                    tree lines, and stone rows, roadways shall follow these features
                                                    to minimize their visual impact.








                                                                                                                                    21







 0















                        APPENDIX F





                     SUMMARY REPORT
0                USED FOR PUBLIC HEARING













0



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                                                                                                            10125/94
                     Proposed Revisions to the 1991 Comprehensive Plan for Rural
                     Development and Zoning


                     Background

                     In 1991 the Board adopted a Comprehensive Plan to guide Gloucester CountVs
                     development over the next 20 years. This plan is meant to be the basis for future zoning and
                     infrAstructure decisions. It is, therefore, a very important document.

                     The Plan, in essence, divided the County into several large areas and specified their future
                     densities and character. Map I is a generalized interpretation of the Plan. in recognition of
                     current development patterns and trends, the southern half of the Rt 17 Corridor was to
                     have urban densities on public sewer and water. The northern portion of the County was,
                     however, to remain largely rural, without public sewer and water service. The Plan allowed
                     for some residential development in these rural areas at various densities.

                     In the Suburban Countryside area (see map), homes could be built on 1-1/2 acre minimum
                     sized lots; in the Rural Conservation and Bayside areas, homes could be built on 5 acre lots.
                     None of these adopted plan policies are yet law becau-se revised zoning districts and maps
                     are needed to make them legally bindin& Currently, all of these rural areas allew for 1-1/2
                     acre lot5.


                     The 1991 Plan was a broadbrush effort to guide the County's future growth and
                     development As such, it did not look in detail at the impacts of its land use policies in terms
                     of traffic, schools, rural character, environmental issues, and the like. With the widening of
                     the Coleman Bridge and the Countys new capacity for sewer and water, there is some
                     concern that the reviving real estate market could rapidly increase development in the
                     County before the Plads concepts are more detailed and implemented to help manage this
                     growth. Thus a further planning effort was initiated by the Board in 1993 which will result in
                     a range of reoamnended revisions to the current Comprehensive Plan.

                     This report focuses on or@y one part of these recommendations - those for the County's rural
                     areas. The plan revisions will be courity-wide in scope and will address land use and
                     infrastructure in the southern half of the County as well. it wilt make proposals on
                     appropriate future population and employment targets for the County, county@wide traffic
                     and transportation issues, fiscal impacts, environmental conservation, school needs and other
                     important items. The remainder of this report addresses the Plan's recommendations for the
                     rural porbons of the County only. These, of course, will ultimately need to be seen and
                     evaluated witNn the overall contmt of the plan.




                10/25/94      16: 36    V                             LDR, INC                                         01)4/ooq





                      Determining the Locartion of Rural Residential Development

                      As Map 1 indicates, the 1991 Plan envisages more extensive residential development (1 -1 /2
                      acre lots) along the western and eastern edges of the north COUnty, than within the Central
                      Area (5 acre Jots). The hurricane-prone Bayside Area, with its poor soil and wetlands, is also
                      envisaged as a lower intensity area (5 acre lots)- This section of the report takes the 11991
                      work further through a detailed analysis of land suitability for residential development in the
                      rural areas.

                      What criteria should govem the location of future residential development in the
                      Comprehensive Plan's rural areas? In refining the 1991 Plan, this update seeks to analyze the
                      compatibility of the rural areas with residential development using three maiGr criteria-

                      (a)     Septic suitability of soils. Development should occur where the soils can handle
                              septic s@ystems. The Soil Conservation Service (SCS) Handbook for Gloucester County
                              describes and maps the characteristicy. of all County soils and specifically categorizes
                              them according to septic suitability. Map 2 is based on this source.

                      (b)     Non-erodibility ofsoils. Development should occur on soils that are non-erodible.
                              This is good for reasons of water quality, environmental conservation and
                              development quality itself. Again, the 5C.S Handbook classifies soils in terms of there
                              erodibility and Map 3 is based on this source, as consolidawd by environmental
                              planners at the Middle Peninsula Planning District Commission.

                      (c)     Non-prime fann land. Development should occur on soils that are not prime for
                              farming and forestry. While the amount of farmland in the County is small (see Map
                              4 for the location of open l'ields), this activity does generate,!IMWillion for the
                              County annual@, requires little by way of supporting services, and is an important part
                              of the Countys lifestyle and self-image. Forestry, of course, is much more extensive
                              than farming and yields,=E, million annually. map 5 shows the soils classified by
                              the USDA as prime for farmin& which should be avoided as a location for
                              development

                      When one overlays the above three maps, certain areas meet several of these criteria. Map 6
                      prioritizes which and how many criteria are met. Map 7 uses the results of Map 6 (those
                      areas which best meet the three criteria - see legend) to create larger connected areas
                      suitable for residential development

                      Obviously, one must adjust these resultant shapes against the reality of existing development
                      in the County today. It is appropriate, therefore, to connect or extend these areas to include
                      significant areas of development or of platted lotr, Map 8 shows the general location of
                      existing and platted developmenL This map was overlayed over Map 7 to adjust the areas to,
                      better conform with reality@



              10 /2 S.." 9 4113: 37  %2                          LJ)R, !N(:                                  Lit 0051/009





                    A furiher refinement was to use major watershed boundaries to help define the future
                    development areas; since it is desirable to maintain good water quality in the County,
                    especially in the reseivoir watershed, these boundarie5 were used as candidate edges to
                    define the development "biobs@. Map 9 shcws the watershed boundaries in the northern
                    area.


                    A final refinement in the process was to overlay the tax maps on the evolving blobs and try to
                    use major property boundaries to define their edges. The net results of this process are those
                    areas shown in Map 10. These refined areas, then, are proposed for the suburban
                    countryside development (SQ, the most dense rural development district with 2 acre
                    minimum lot sizes.


                    The remaining rural area is proposed as rural countryside (RQ whose prime purpose is to
                    erwourage farming and forestry@ rather than housing; minimum lot size here would be 5
                    acres. The Bayside area is separately called out as a Conservation zone (C-2) because of its
                    unique characteristics (hurricane-prone, high water table, extensive floodplain and wetlands).
                    The residential development here is to occur on lots with a minimum size of 7.5 acres.
                    Obviously all of the above lot sizes are su@ect to compliance with Health Department
                    standards for soil percabillity.

                    Within the rurall area, the 1991 Comprehensive Plan identifies Rural Service Centers which
                    are to be the commercial service hubs for the rural area. This Plan Update recommends
                    wending this concept ta create rw-al hamlets around these service areas. Thus within a 1/4
                    mile radius of the centers, a floating Rural Hamlet zone (RK-I) is provided for which will
                    allow half acre lots at a one unit per acre density, subject to meeting specific design
                    standards.

























                                                                                                               3



                10/25/94     19: 37     V                             LDR, INC                                          0 (1 t3 0 Oq





                      Determining the Character of Rural Residential Development

                      In the previous section, various minimum lot sizes for residential development were
                      proposed by district Thus, for example, in the SC District, the 2 acre lot minimums could
                      theoretically yield 50 lots out of a 1 00-acre tracL However, with land needs for roads,
                      setasides, for possible wetlands or other undevelopable areas, i1he yield would probably be
                      40-45 lots. There is, however, an alternative way to arrange development on the land other
                      than dividing the entire tract of land into 2-acre ;esidential lots.

                      If, in the above example, we used a density measure of I unit per 2 acres rather than lot
                      sizes to govern yield, and we reduced the minimum lot area from 2 acres to, say, I acre,
                      then we would be able to fit So lots into an area half as large as in the first example. The
                      undeveloped land would remain in forestry, farming or open space in perpetuity. This
                      second type of approach is called 'dusteringor "open space zoning. it allows fanning and
                      forestry to continue, encourages the preservation of sensitive environmental features by
                      putting them into the preservation areas, and guarantees future open space around the
                      homes.

                      The current Comprehensive Plan strong@ encourages cluster development in all the rural
                      districts: "due to the water quality protection and rural preservation advantages of clustering
                      residential development the County should explore the option of providing property owners
                      with the incenbw of higher possible densities if certain standards of rural residential
                      development are met (page 44).' Figures I through _ illustrate the principles of duster
                      development of open space zoning.

                      Therefore, a first step in defining the character of the future rural residential development in
                      the County is to insert the cluster concept into the revised zoning districts that must be drawn
                      up to implement the revised Comprehensive Plaft development areas. Since the
                      Comprehensive Plan calls for density increases to encourage dusterin& provided certain
                      design standards are me@ cluster lot sizes should be somewhat less than the minimum lots in
                      non-cluster situations. Figure      lays out duster and non-duster zoning options which
                      incorporates this density incentive.

                      Since the current rural zoning district is an undifferentiated 1-1/2 lot area covering most of
                      the County, obviously the Comprehensive Piads implementation will require considerable
                      revisions to the zoning district Appendix A contains the proposed text revisions to modify
                      the current zoning ordinance to accommodate the new districts. Since its format is rather
                      technical and follows the sequence of the Articles of the Ordinance, it is not easy reading.
                      The important aspects of the Appendix are highlighted in this section of the report so as to
                      ease the reader's passage through the Appendix.

                      Firstly, the key new residential lot size standards and options are given in a series of tables
                      (Tables 1-4 on pages 5-8). The overall purpose of each new district is Oven in several intent
                      clauses on pages 2 and 3.

                                                                                                                        4



               10 L1 5..'9 416: 38     V                             LDR, INC                                          9 007/009





                     As the rural areas develop, conflicts will arise between various commercial uses and the new
                     residents. To forestall such conflicts and to create a place where such commercial uses can
                     service their rural hinterlands, a new Rural Business district is proposed (the BR-1 Zone). It is
                     somewhat different from the Countys current business zone (131). The current S-1 Zone is
                     oriented towards urban and suburban commercial and retail operations; the OR-1 allows a
                     wider mix of rural service uses that are not now permitted in the B-1 but it also restricts some
                     suburban commercial uses from locating in these rural business zones, such as supermarkets
                     or offices. Table 5 on page 9 of the Appendix describes the essentials of this proposed
                     district.

                     The reader will recall that clustering was to be allowed subject to certain design standards.
                     These standards are spelled out in the Appendix, Section SAQ on pages 10, 11 and 12.
                     Because the preserved area of a duster subdivision will, by definition, be adjacent to
                     residential deve@lopment, certain restrictions on the nature of agricultural uses allowed on it
                     are appropriate. An example in the ordinance is that feedmills must be 20Y from lot lines
                     (see (8)b.4 on page 12). Because it is important that homeowners and neighbors have
                     confidence that preserved areas will not be developed in the future, the ordinance spells out
                     easements that are to be recorded with the preservation parcel (see (8) f and g).

                     The Zoning Ordinance, of course, is not the only source of regulations goveming
                     development in Gloucester County. Another important document is the Subdivision
                     Ordinance, which addresses how land is to be subdivided, responsibilities for infrastrucWre
                     and other items. The second section of the Appendix addresses changes necessitated in the
                     Subdivision Repilations by the new rural zones. (The revisions to the Zoning and Subdivision
                     Regulations also inducle other changes related to various recommendations in the
                     Comprehensive Plan and not directly related to the rural zone. These will be addressed in
                     other documents.)

                     One of the characteristics of current rural development in the County is the "stripping' of
                     residential lots along the existing highways. For lots of 5 acres or mofe, such development is
                     exempt from the Ordinance@s street standards and specifications. For the developer, this has
                     the obvious advantage of avoiding road corstruction lot cost. From the publids perspective,
                     however, it destruys the rural chanacter of the County and the multiple driveways will
                     ultimately affect traffic flow and safety. in addition, where three or fewer lots of 5 acres or
                     more are created in one year, these are exempt from any road improvements other than the
                     provision of a right-of-way. This results in buyers holding lots with no paved road access.

                     Worse ye@ lots are purposely subdivided at a rate of three or less per year as part of the same
                     subdivisions so that, in effect, subdivisions are created without paved roads. Subdivision
                     created atone time with more than three lots do require paved roads, which may be private.
                     The Countys experience, howe%w, has been that the maintenance of these roads over time
                     is a problem with Homeowner Association regulations and covenants too poody structured to
                     enforce maintenance and accountability-, the County is usually press;ured to come to the aid
                     of residents, fix potholes and provide maintenance.

                                                                                                                       5




               10/25/94    16:39                                 LDR, INC






                     Because d these problems, the Appendix contains a sIgnificant amendment to the
                     Subdivision Regulations that requires all future subdivisions to access public roads (see page
                     16, insert under Section 15-3). Furthermore, no more than two Icts in future subdivisions
                     can take access from an existing major public road. "Major" is defined as a minor collector
                     road or above. Map _ shows the County road classifications for the Comprhensive Plan
                     update.

                     While not directly related to rural development, another significant amendment proposed in
                     the Subdivision Regulations warrants an explanation. It relates to public sewer and water
                     service (Section 15-17, page 16)_ The areas proposed in the Comprehensive Plan for urban-
                     type density should not be preempted by septic and well developments. Currently, private
                     septic and well systamm are allowed anywhere in the County. However, in the interests of
                     ensuring that the Plan is implemented and that the County receives the sewer and water
                     hook-up revenues, the language of the amendment places certain resVictions, on septic and
                     well development in fiuture urban areas.

                     Section 15-34 (page 17) places some limitations on the length of cul-de-sac roads. These are
                     now not limited at all.

                     Section 15-48 (page 21) adds design standards for lots in rural subdivisions which
                     complement those proposed for the Zoning Ordinance. Section (a) relaws to the areas
                     where homes will be located onsite and refers to their "building envelopee. The building
                     envelope is an area within which the house itself will be located, typically 1001 wide by 75*
                     deep. Section (b) relates to cluster development.

                     Since the Zoning and Subdivision Ordinances must be consistent with the Comprehensive
                     Plan, insertions are required in the Plan which relate to and support the preservation of rural
                     character and rural lot and cluster design s4andards. Therefore Tables 1-3 on pages 18
                     through 20 are to be added to the Comprehensive Pfan to establish principles for the
                     preservation of rural character.

                     The bottom line message of all these new standards is that rural development in Gloucester
                     County will need to be as carefully designed as urban or suburban developments so that
                     visual quality and reasonable environmental conservation are the results throughout-




            10,,25/94  16: 39                          LDR, INC






                 Table
                 Comparative Table of New Rural Zoning Districts





                 Proposed *PlaW Zoning


                                       C-2            RC-1            SC-1           "C-1
                                    (Bayside)     (Wn-Rayside      (Suburban        (Hamlet
                                                     Rural)       Countryside)    Countryside)
                 Cluster Density      1 per 5        1 per 4      1 per 1-1/2 Ac      per 1

                 ClusWr Lot Size
                 Min-Max              1-2 Ac         1-2 Ac       30,000 - 1 Ac  20,000-35,000

                 Non-Cluster
                 Min. Lot Size        7-5 Ac           Ac_            2Ac T lAc








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