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'T, o'& 53 Coastal Zone ROGRAM SUMMARY Information Center FOR 'Isle 'Dc -L-A.-NTERESTED CITIZENS 0 q -A V% 4n n j VY 10 Revised 4; June, 1976 V l@ ST. LAWRr---NCE -EASTERN ONTARIO HC COMNUSSION 107 .N7 317 WASHINGTON STR-E.ET G P77 WATLERTOWN, NE"01 YORK EE- .1976 13601 ST.'LAWRENCE- EASTERN ONTARIO COMMISSION ...... . .... 141SALLE SERVICE AREA WADDINGTON 0 5 10 15 Miles OdgensburT OSWEG H:IE X .-..:,@MORR@ISTOWN ST. LAWRENCE COUNTY -OND -T N RIA NS T 1@i CAP ... .. . .. ...... JEFFERSON COUNT Y E '17'. L;11- FIELD . .... ...... ... SERVICE AREA WLLAGES @4 `D@RSON Alexandria Bay, Brownville, Cape Vincent, Chaumont, Clayton, Dexter, Ellisburg, Fair Haven, Glen Park, Hammond, Heuvelton, Lacona, Mannsville, Mossena, ELL I S B U. @4@G ...... Mexico, Morristown, Pulaski, Sackets Harbor, . . ......... Sandy Creek, and Waddington. . ....... :. ... ....... ... @41 -.b Noy R10114LAND S :Oswego . ..... M EX 10 2--j HAVEN EGO -'@@YRACUSE j BUFFALO 0 ALBANY I.%STERI "ING OSWEGO COUNTY SERVICE ALREA ,CAYUGA COUNTY LOCATM NEW YORK C11Y Z-71 "THE PROBLEMS NEW YORK STATE ANTICIPATES FOR ITS MOUNTAINOUS REGIONS HAVE ALREADY COME TO OUR COASTLINES. THE ST. LAWRENCE- EASTERN ONTARIO COMMISSION PROGRAM SUMMARY FOR INTERESTED CITIZENS U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE NOAA COASTAL SERVICES CENTER 2234 SOUTH HOBSON AVENUE CHARLESTON, SC 29405-2413 Property of CSC Library Joseph A. Romola William E. Tyson Chairman Executive Director St. Lawrence-Eastern Ontario Commission 317 Washington Street Watertown, New York 13601 (315)782-0100 ext. 263, 264 ST. LAIVRENCE-EASTERN ONTARIO COMMISSION INTRODUCTION In response to the accelerated deterioration of the natural'resources of the St. Lawrence River Valley and Eastern Lake Ontario shorelands, the New York State Legislature created the St.-Lawrence-Eastern Ontario Commission. The agency's service ar ea includes twenty-three shoreline towns and tw-o cities in St. Lawrence, Jefferson, Oswego and Cayuga Counties. Thi.s represents more than 400 miles of shoreline, more than 1,000 islands, and about 1,000,000 acres of land. The region has about 117,000 permanent residents and is the summer playground for millions of Americans and Canadians. The Commission is composed of seventeen commissioners, who are supported by a ten-member staff. The commissioners are appointed by the Governor with the advice and consent of the State Senate. There are four commissioners from both St. Lawrence and Jefferson Counties, three from Oswego, and one from Cayuga County. Representation reflects the proportion of shoreline of each county in the Commission's service area. In addition, two state residents from outside the area serve on the Commission. Ex officio members include the Commissioner of Environmental Conservation, the Commissioner of Commerce,. and the Secretary of State. The Commission's purpose is to preserve, enhance and develop the scenic, recreational, historical and natural resources of the region, and to design programs that will encourage the full development of the commercial, indus- trial, agricultural and residential resources. The agencyb.as three major responsibilities: 1) Preparation of a comprehensive development plan for the wise use of the area's r-esources. 2) Review of proposed projects within its service area that might bring about a major change in the quality of the scenic, historical, recreational or environmental resources. 3) Investigation of the high water levels on" Lake Ontario and the St. Lawrence River in recent years. One of the Commission's first accomplishments was a shoreline stud), conducted in cooperation with the New York State College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse. Because Oswego and Cayuga Counties were not yet part of the agency's service area, the study analyzed the natural resources along the shoreline of St. Lawrence and Jefferson Counties. This effort represented a starting point in cataloging the region's resources to avoid destruction and loss of the very characteristics that make the area unique. 2 ST. LAWRENCE-EASTERN ONTARIO COMMISSION St. Lawrence County: Joseph A. Romola, Chairman Banking Executive Sam Agati Labor Leader Hermaii Shulman College Dean Russell Strait Insurance Executive Jefferson County: Lewis V. Branche Banking Executive Z@ William L. Curtis, Jr., Secretary Educator *Michael Eckert Psychiatric Social Worker *Betty McLean Billing Clerk Osivego County: Hugh Nicholson Dairy Farmer Eugene Saloga Public Relations (Utility) (One Vacancy) Cayuga County: Clair Conroy Retired (former County Legislator) At Large: Jane Gra-v Cox Community Leader Richard. i3entoney Collea'e Administrator Ex -Officio: Hon. Peter A.A. Berle Commissioner, Dept. of Environmental Conservation Hon. Mario M. Cuomo Secretary of State Hon. John S. Dyson Commissioner, Dept. of Commerce *-Comi--iissioners -Elect 3 0 COMMISSION ST. LAWRENCE- EASTERN ONTARI C--:,:- --7D OVERALL PROGRAM'DESIGN GENERAL SCHEDULE PHASE 1974 1975 /976 /977 INVENTORY AND ANALYSIS OF RESOURCES PLAN FORMULATION PARTICIPATORY PROCESSES MOM PRESENTATION OF RECOMMENDATIONS CURRENT ACTIVITIES 1) Planning Program The Commission has a $2SI,000 budget for the fiscal year 1976-77. To complement these funds, the agency seeks to use other than state funds to accomplish rn additional research along the St. Lawrence-Easte Ontario shorelands. The Commission's planning program focuses on the unique issues and opportunities of the area's shorelanas, emphasizing the coastal zone and the quality of the environment. This concern for resource quality reflects the importance of these resources to the area's economy. Most of the agency's staff members have been in place only since the summer of 1974. The staff has spent much of the last two years gathering information about our areats coastal resources. Because we know relatively little about our shorelands and near-shore waters, original research as well as literature rev iew was needed. Three broad subjects have been covered.. The first, water resources, deals with the quality of water along the shoreline and the tributary streams leading to the Lake and River; the changing physical character of the shoreline caused by ero @ion and deposition; and the location and characteristics of critical aquatic habitats and their life support systems for fish and wildlife. A second group of studies concerns land resources. Examples include soil and mineral resources; agricultural and forestry industries; major plant and wildlife commun- ities; and scenic values. All of these contribute to the social and economic well-being of the region. The third group of studies deals with developmental resources resulting from man's use of the lands and waters. These elements include shoreline development of permanent and seasonal dwellings; commercial and industrialactiv- ities; outdoor recreation; inland centers of public and private services; employment; transportation; population; the region's economy; and existing land use and develop- mental controls of state and local agencies. This research will be applied as the Commission develops and publishes technical reports, and ultimately, its Coastal Resources Development Guide, for the St. Law- rence-Eastern Ontario area. .2) Project Review The Commission has coastal zone management respon- sibility to review projects within its service area. It reviews proposed construction, land development and.other projects which may damage natural or historic resources, or change the use and appearance of the area's lands and waters. This process is d(@signed to encourage public and private development which reflects a careful balancing of all the interests of the region while respecting the natural environment. During the course of project review, sponsors often make improvements necessary to make the project 6 environmentally compatible. The Commission applies certain criteria to determine whether a proposed development might have an unreasonably adverse effect on the scenic, historic, recreational and natural resources of the region. Some of the factors considered include pollution of air and- water, drainage, flooding and soil erosion, effects on local services and facilities, and local and regional economic impacts. This review may take no more than thirty days. If the project might have an unreasonably adverse effect on the region's resources, the Commission notifies the sponsor who may not undertake or continue the project for an additional sixty days. The Commission uses this time to further review the project. The agency can hold public hearings and report its findings to the project sponsor, public agencies which have power of review or approval for the project, and. to the general public. However, the Commission does not have the power to halt a project indefinitely. It must use these other actions to alert the sponsor, interested government agencies,and. the general. public of possible adverse effects of the project tinder review. 3) High Water Report In 1973, the State Legislature directed. the Commission to stud), the problem of controlling water levels on Lake Ontario and the St. Lawrence River. In addition, the 7 agency ivas to make recommendations t o federal, state, mu- nicipal and private agencies. In March 197S, the Commission published a 290-page report analyzing the impact of high water levels from January .1973 through August 1974. The report's study area included New York sborelands along the Lake and River. To correct the situation, the Commission recom- mended that water level regulation criteria established by the International Joint Commission be reexamined. In addition,' the agency called for acceleration and expansion of flood damage reduction programs, and for the use of str'uctural protection techniques in certain deve loped areas. The use of structural protection in undeveloped areas should be limited, the report said, with greater emphasis on flood plain management techniques to minimize damaues. The report noted that in the absence of effective flood plain management regulations, development has oc- curred in areas where it is not compatible with en.viron- mental limitations. Consequently, these areas hav e ex- perienced great amounts of damage from high water levels. Recommendations made in the Commission's report, if implemented, should lead to a reduction of the total negative impact experienced along the waterway due to high water levels. 8 4) Shoreline Damage Survey Recognizing the Commission's expertise, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers asked the agency to help collect information for the design of a program to minimiz e damage to waterfront property owners. In 197S, the Commission conducted a shoreline damage survey in 0swego County, under contract to the Corps of Engineers. Questionnaires and personal interviews were used to gather information from residential, commercial and industrial shoreline owners. Information collected will be used by the Corps of Engineers to develop engineering programs for emergency shoreland protection, and federal projects designed to prevent damage from high water levels. It will also offer guidance for federal flood insurance.and disaster relief programs. 5) Water Quality Studies Because of the lach of information about embayed areas in the region, the Commission conducted a water quality study at Chaumont Bay in Jefferson County. This is the beginning of a long-term program to determine the impacts of man's shoreline and upland development on the areals water resources. Intensive water sampling was conducted at Chaumont Bay from July 19741to July 1975. Eighteen stations were set, up in Chaumont Bay and five stations in its tributaries. 9 Information was gathered on eighteen different pa- rameters, such as total and fecal coliforms, dissolved oxygen, phosphates and nitrates in water and sediments, pH and alkalinity. All these parameters have a direct relationship with the bay's natural productivity and usefulness to man. Initial study results have identified at least ti@ro important problems. High bacterial counts were recorded at certain stations, indicating a potential health hazard. Inadequately treated wastes are entering the bay water, either human waste via poorly functioning septic systems or animal waste in runoff from agricultural lands, or both. These wastes may contain disease-causing bacteria and viruses, which can then infect individuals who come in contact with contaminated water. A second problem is excessive amounts of phos@hate in the bay. This probably accounts for most of the in- creased growths of weedbeds and. alya.e. This is adversely affecting recreational activities, as well as the i,@ater's aesthetic quality. The Commission is broadening its water quality studies to other shoreline areas along Lake Ontario and the St. Lawrence River. 6) Salmonid Fisher), Supportive Facilities Report Stocking of salmonids (salmon. and trout) was begun in the tributary streams of Eastern Lake Ontario in 1969. This has produced a new and rapidly-grouring sports fishery. 10 When the fishery is fully developed in the 1980's, the Commission estimates that 100,000 fishermen may visit the area annually. Many existing facilities and services are inadequate to meet these growing demands, and pla ns for their improvement are urgently needed. The Commission has prepared a comprehensive plan which identifies additional facilities and services needed to support the fishermen and their families. It also determines suitable locations for needed facilities, outlines actions to implement the plan's proposals, and recommends priorities for investments by public agencies. The Commission estimates the total economic impact of the salmonid fishery could reach $14-million annually by the early 19801s. The key to this expanded economic activity is construction of a $4.S-million.salmonid fish hatchery on the Salmon River in Oswego County. Problems identified in the agency's plan are a shortage of boat launching ramps, pier ni oorings and public access ways to streams and Lake Ontario. In addition, "@-the-re a@ren@e @-or harbors of refuge, boat rescue oper- ations, and.accommodations. The Commission also foresees increased pressure for development along the shoreline and the fishing streams. The agency has made recommendations to protect critical natural resource features in the region, including pro- ducti JTe wetlands, stocked and potential salmonid streams, fragile sand dunes, and erodible bluffs. 7) Soils Survey Program The lack of accurate and detailed soils information has long been a handicap to effective planning and devel- opment in the Commission's service area. As yet, only Cayuga and Oswego Counties have complete d new soils surveys. The Commission has on its staff a soil resource specialist from the U.S. Department of Agriculture. His work involves evaluation and interpretation of soils in- formation for the Commission. The agency has in the past entered into agreements with the Soil and Water Conservation Districts of St. Lawrence and Jefferson Counties. Under these agreements, Commission funds enabled the districts to accelerate soil survey programs in their shoreline towns. This insured .a higher priority of mapping in the coastal zone as@ well 0 - I as speeding completion of the surveys. When completed, the soil interpretations from the four counties will have been integrated to insure that the same soils are assessed in the same way. 8) Resource Users Survey To increase public input, the Commission is conducting a resource users survey' within its service area. Per- manent residents, seasonal home owners, and visitors in the area are being polled. A questionnaire was mailed in February 1976 t o 1100 property owners,. half of whom were permanent residents and 12 half seasonal residence owners. Names were selected in a random manner to allow the results to be more represen- tative of the Lake and River shoreline in the service area. Those surveyed were asked about environmental problems, other problems facing shoreland owners, the specific re- sources they use, services and facilities they need and us'e most, and other' subjects. During the summer, 300 visitors will be surveyed at public and private day-use and extended stay facilities to determine their perceptions and concerns for the area. By gaining a better understanding of the characteristics and needs of the people who live in and visit the area, the Commission can make its Coastal Resources Development, Guide more responsive to those needs. 9) Outdoor Recreation Study The Bureau of Outdoor Recreation, U.S. Department of the Interior, asked the Commission to study the impacts of year-round. navigation on winter.recreation on the St. Lawrence River. Congress has directed the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers to' investiaate the feasibility of opening the St. Lawrence River to winter shipping. To properly judge the total Z> effect of such an action,, the Corps i,.iust have information from the Bureau of Outdoor Recreation. The Commission's study was conducted from January to Mar ch 1976. Information was collected concerning outdoor 13 recreation use on the River between Massena and Cape Vincent. Data gathered included the amount, location and types of outdoor recreation activities on the River, such as ice fishing, cross-country skiing, hiking, and snowmobiling. Commission staff members made field visits to high-use areas to conduct personal interviews with recreationists. In addition, aerial photography was used to gather more information about the numbers and distribution of resource users. The Commission's study will provide the Bureau with basic data it needs to conduct a thorough study of the possible effects of proposed winter navigation on out- door recreation. 10) Citizen Advisory Committees Many of the Commissioners are themselves residents of the service area, providing valuable local input to the agency's work program. In addition, the Commission has established citizen advisory committees. More than 12S persons have volunteered their time and energy in this important activity. These committees are organized geographically by planning sub-areas for the service area. The planning sub-areas from north to south are: Lake St. Lawrence; Ogdensburg-Morristown; Thousand Islands; Eastern Lake Ontario Bays; Mexico Bay; and Northern Cayuga-Oswego. 14 New York State residents who live out'side the four- county area have also volunteered assistance. Some of the fields of interest repr@esented on the committees include agriculture, economic development, environmental management, historic/cultural, natural resource development, real estate economics, recreation, and water resources. These committees encourage greater participation by residents and local government in the Commission's planning program. The groups meet during the year, but most of the work is individual review and comment on Commission reports. Citizens are also encouraged to participate in the agency's public information sessions and-hearings held in the region. THE CURRENT YEAR During the 1976-77 fiscal year ending March 31, 1977, the Commission is hard at work analyzing information about the area's coastal resources. Based on this analysis, the agency will prepare a comprehensive plan for its service area. The first step in this process was preparation of a goals and objectives statement for coastal resources development in the St. Lawrence-Eastern Ontario area. This statement gives broad direction in the ways these resources can be used most productiv ely. During the summer and fall 1976, the Commission will issue a series of technical reports. These publications will deal with specific topics of importance to this area, .such as water quality, fisheries, soils, agricultural re- sources, upland resources, the coastline, and others. These reports will present information and analysis upon which the Commission's Coastal Resources Development Guide will be based.-, The guide will contain recommendations concernina the area's shoreland resources. In early 1977 the guide will be forwarded to Governor Carey; members of the State Legislature; international, federal, state and local agencies; and other officials. Copies of the technical reports and the Coastal Re- sources Development Guide will be available to the public through libraries within the service area and New York State. 16 APPENDIX A THE COMMISSION CONCEPT As an intermediary, the St. Lawrence-Eastern Ontario Commission: --can remove the burden of sensitive land-use decisions r., g -.-.rai resoul--@ce protec4-ion@ from lcca" nat" - L@ J_ elected and appointed officials. --allows local business and professional interests (community leaders as Commission members) to understand the need for a balanced program of economic/environ- mental trade-offs. --provides for the recognition (with at-large and cabinet members as Commissioners) that local resources have state and national significance. --provides a greater return for public dollars invested. --will minimize the feeling that "the state is telling us what to do with our land." --achieves a regional coastal zone management which recognizes natural resource criteria as planning boundaries. --will produce a product at the scale necessary to solve non-point pollution sources. --could possess authority to protect critical resources unique to the Great Lakes shoreline. -provides technical assistance (objectively) at an economy of scale not possible at the Ioc al government level. fills the void created by the absence of local ordinances. --fills the void created by poorly drawn or improperly administered ordinances. Irk ST. LAWRENCE- EASTERN ONTARIO COMMISSION AVAILABUTY OF STAFF RESOURCES ADMINISTRATIVE, FISCAL YEAR 1973-74 FISCAL YEAR 1974-75 Executive Director Director of Planning Public Information Officer Senior Cartographer PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT > It Associate Economist It M Senior Statistical Clerk LAND RESOURCE ANALYSIS Associate Natural Resource Planner Senior Natural Resource Planner Natural Resource Planner IPA) Senior Soil Scientist WATER RESOURCiE ANALYSI'---)' Supervising Limnologist Senior Aquatic Biologist N\NMMNNMNX@@' Natural Resource Planner C: C@ QL CL ST. 1AINRENCE-EASTERIN ONTARIO CO@VISSION Technical Staff Qualifications Title and Name Education Experience Military Service Executive Director William E. Tyson BS Regional Geography- 1959-1966 19S2-1956 Florida State University- State of INY: U.S. Air Force-Research 1959 Dept. of CommerCE!- and Development Command MS Economic Geography- Industrial Geogrz,,pher Guided Missile Control F-lorida State University- Industrial Consultant System Electronic Specialist 1960 'Sr. Industrial Consultant Doctoral Candidate 1966-1970 (Resource Management)- State of NY: SUINTY College of Environ- 0PC_ > mental Science and Director of Appalachia Forestry Program t= 1970-Present State of NY: St. Lawrence-Eastern Ontario Commission- Executive Director Director of Planning Gayle L. Harder BS Sociology and Mathematics- 1957-1966 1954-1956 Tl-fred Universi-ty-1950 Atlanta (Georgia) Metro- U.S. Army-Special Forces MS Urban.SociolQgy- politan Planning at Ft. Bragg-Psychological University of Rochester- Connission-Regiona.1 Warfare-also Provost 19S2 Planner Marshalls General School- MS Regional Planning- Ft. Gordon University of North 1966-1969 Carolina-1954 Atlanta (Georgia)Metro- politan Planning Commission-Principal Research Planner (CONTINUED) Title and Name Education @aerience Military Service Director of Plarb-iin Gayle L. Harder (Cont.) 1969-1973 Central NY Regional Planning and Development Board-Syracuse- Director 1973-Present St. Lawrence-Eastern Ontario Commission-Director of Planning Public Information Officer Peter C. Strakulski BS Public Relations- 1972-1974 1968-1972 'S-oston University-1963 General Electric ConT)any- U.S. Air Force-Information Publicist and Advert-;.sing Officer Dean's List-Boston Copywriter University November 1974-Present St. Law-rence-Eastern Ontario Commission- Public Information Officer Senior Cartographer Steven N. Meyer BS Geography-Wisconsin 1972-1974 'State University-1967 University of Arizona: MA Geography-University Dept. of Arid Lands -6-f Arizona-1972 Research and Geogrophy and Area Developmcr. t- Staff Cartographer July 1974-Present St. Lawrence-Eastern Ontario Commission- Staff Cartographer Title and Name Education Experience Military Service Associate Economist Daniel J. Palm BS Agriculture-Cornell 1969-1972 1965-1967 Un-iversity-1965 Pennsylvania State U.S. Navy-USS VALOR MIS Agricultural Economics- University-Land and Water GATSO-472)-Mine Sweep/ N-ew IMexico State Institute Gunnery Officer and University-1969 Supply Officer Ph.D. Agricultural 1972-1974 Econom4cs-Pennsvlvania Susque anna River Bassin 1967-Present State University-1972 Commission-Staff Economist Currently LCDR-Commanding Officer CONVOY COM 403, 1974-Present Liverpool, NY St. Lawrence-Eastern Ontario Commission- Associ4ate Economist Sr. Statistical Clerk John E. Shattuck, AAS Data Processing- 1974 1969-1970 Jefferson Community JeJT:erson Community U.S. Army-Served in College-1974 College-Computer Thailand Programmer 1974-Present St. Lawrence - Eastern Ontario Commission-S-,. Statistical Clerk Associate Natural Resource Planner (VACANT) Title and Name Education Experience Military Service Sr. Natural Resource Planner Thomas M. Cutter BS Forest Management and 1968-1973 Uu-tdoor Recreation Manage- FraTLEI-in-Essex-Hamilton ment-Oregon State Counties-Instructor of University-1966 vocational agriculture on MF Forest Management and hIgh school level. Also Public Administration of Franklin County Director of Natural Resources- Adult Occupational Education. State University College of Environmental Science 1973-Present and Forestry-1970 St. Lawrence-Eastern Ontario Comiission- Planner Natural Resource Planner Sr. Natural Resource Planner Natural Resource Planner (VACANT) Soil Resource Specialist (IPA) Roger J. Case BS Agronomy-Specializing 196S-1968 1968-1970 'Ll classification and Soil Conservation Service- U.S. Army In So- -Served 2 years morphology-Cornell Student trainee whilE: in as a medic and I year in University-1968 college Viet Nam 1970-Present Soil Conservation Sei-vice- presently assigned to St. Lawrence- Eastern Ontario Comm-,ssion by T Jefferson County SCS as a Soil Resource Specialist Title and Name Education Experience Militaar Service Senior Aquatic Biologist Barbara J. Rockhill AAS Jefferson Comunity 1973 College- (High-, 1-71onors) - State of New York: 10,68 Dept. of Environmental RA Biology-SUNY College Conservation- a t. Oswego - (Cim Laude) - Environmental hrialysis 1970 Unit MA Biological Sciences- S%M at Bin 4ghamton- 1973-1974 1976 St. Lawrence-Eastern Ontario Cormission- Natural Resource Plamer 1974-Present St.' Lawrence-Eastern Ontario Commission- Sr. Aquatic Biologist ST. LAWRENCE-EASTERN ONTARIO COMMISSION Existing Staff Services Administration Executive Director Secretary to Executive Director Public Information Officer Assistant Counsel (Part-Time) Director of Planning 1-Denior Account Clerk Senior Stenographer > Land Resources Program Program Development Unit- Water Resources Program t= (Associate Natural Associate Economist Senior Aquatic Biologist Resource Planner) Senior Cartographer Sr. Natural Resource Sr. Statistical Clerk Planner (Natural Resource Planner) Vacancies include Associate Natural Resource Planner and Natural Resource Planner. Under Water Resources Program, a Natural Resource Planner position was abolished as of March 1976. APPENDIX E ST. LAWRENCE-EASTERN ONTARIO COMMISSION Generation of Other Than State Funds Community Planning Assistance Program $ 30,000 (Shoreline Study of Natural Resources) U.S. Army Corps of Engineers 16,500 (Oswego County Shoreline Damage Study) Coastal Zone Management Act (First Year) S,000 (Coordinate Two Regional Planning Board Efforts) Coastal Zone Management Act (Second Year) 40,000 (Prepare Resource Management Program) U.S. Department of Apriculture (Accelerated Soil Mapping in Coastal Zone) Soil Scientist assigned to Commission 16,000 Additional Federal Personnel in field 16,000 Cogar Foundation to SUNNY Forestry 23)000 (Reinot-e Sensing Demonstration-Chaumont Bay.) New York State Sea Grant 23,000 (Marsh Vegetation and Pike Productivity Studies) U.S. Department of the Interior ls,000 (Study of Yea-r-Round Navigation's Impact on. Winter Recreation-St. Lawrence River) TOTAL $184,SOO I I I I I I i DA7EDUE 7:77 1 i I i @l" . I I I i - I I I GAYLORD No. 2333 PRINTED IN USA I I I I I low I I