[From the U.S. Government Printing Office, www.gpo.gov]































                                       GUMTS CORAL REEF


                                       Produced by the Division of
                                       Aquatic and Wildlife Resources
































                       *Supplement to
                           accompany Filmstrip,
                           and cassette





 ANTONIO S. QUITUGUA                                                     Agricziftural Development Services
        Director                                                           Aqiiatic .& Wildlife Resmirces
                                                                            f6restry & SM Reswirces
                                                                                 Anitnal Indtistry
          K                                                                       Plant Industry



   4rICTOR T. ARTERO                                  NT 0@               Sales & Permit Infb 134-3943
     Deputy Direct6r                                                      Administrative Ser. 734-39412
                                             AGANA,   i3UAM   96910





              Dear Teacher:

              This filmstrip -and cassette tape on the Coral Reef was prepared by the
              Department of Agriculture's Division of Aquatic and Wildlife Resources
              for use by elementary teachers. It was funded by Guam Coastal Management
              Program, Bureau of-Planning, Government of Guam.
              Side 1 of the cassette is in English. Side 2 is in Chamorro, for use in
              Chamorro language classes. Written scripts, a glossary of new terms and
              a bibliography is included;

              We hope that this presentation on the Coral Reef will generate interest
              on the part of students in one of Guam's most valuable natural resources.





                                                         JUDY BEAVER
                                                         Public Information Officer



              Enclosures
 









                                              GUAM' S CORAL REEF



         (1)         Focus Here

         (2)         Title: Guam's Coral Reef
         (3)         Guam doesn't end at the beach. The most amazing part of Guam begins
                     here, where the waves slide up onto the shore.
         (4)         There is a strange and fascinating world here, just under the            water's
                     bright blue surface...       The Coral Reef.

         (5)         Guam is surrounded by a living wall of coral. Put on your diving
                     mask & swim fins. Let's go down and take a look around.
         (6)         The coral reef is an underwater jungle, rich with wildlife. There
                     are over 700 different kinds of fish and thousands of other animals
                     down here.

         (7)         All these animals, and a lot of underwater plants too, live together
                     in harmony... just like people in a village ...       everyone has a job to
                     to do..'. every animal and plant here, big or small, depends upon the
                     other living things. Biologists call this an ecosystem.
         (8)         The coral reef is one of the most amazing ecosystems on earth. Reefs
                     are only found in 'warm, tropical waters. Coral only grows in shallow
                     water, like near islands, and only in clean, unpolluted water. The
                     most magnificant reefs in the world are in the Pacific Ocean,

         (9)         especially around Guam and Micronesia.

         (10)        The most important member of this underwater community is, of course,
                     the coral. The reef is actually made of coral and coral provides food
                     and shelter for many of the animals that call the reef home.

         (11)        What is  coral? We've all     seen pieces of it washed up on the beach.
                     It's hard and white, and     looks like a rock. When we see it underwater
                     it looks like a strange and wonderful garden of tall trees, odd bushes
                     and delicate flowers.

         (12)        But coral is neither    rock nor plant. All these fantastic colors and
                     shapes and structures are animals..

         (13)        A single coral animal is a tiny, microscopic blob of jelly called a
                     polyp. Each of these polyps, often about the size of a,pinhead,
                     builds a house of stone around itself. Since the little animal doesn't
                     have any bones, this house serves as a skeleton.

         (14)        The coral polyp draws calcium carbonate from the ocean water. Calcium
                     carbonate is the same thing as chalk, or marble or limestone; a very
                     common building material. Using this watery cement, the polyps slowly
                     build these amazing formations.








          (15)        So a piece of coral is not a single animal, but thousands of minature
                      coral polyps living together in a community. When the older polyps
                      die, they leave their little cuplike skeleton behind and new polyps
                      build on top of them.      This is how corals grow.
          (1  6)      Obviously corals grow very slowly. But over millions of years look
                      Iwhat these little engineers can do. A small coral bud can grow into
                      a huge tree. Bulky corals can expand to the size of a car. As these
                      big pieces die and are covered over, mounds of coral become hills and hills
                      become mountains.

          (17)        As the centuries go by, coral can form a wall around an island. And
                      that's what we call the coral reef. Some whole islands are made of
                      coral.

          (18)        Guam started out as a volcan that blew up from the deep ocean floor.
                      But it wouldn't be nearly as.large without the coral that grew for millions
                      of years on the volcanic core.

          (19)        The whole northern end of Guam is a gigantic block of coral miles
                      wide and hundreds of feet thick.

          (20)        Many islands are part volcano and part ancient coral growth. Coral
                      reefs grow around the edge of islands, protecting the land from th.e
                      pounding surf.

          (21)        If the reef is close to shore and shallow it is called a fringing
                      reef. If it is far offshore and separated from the land by deep
                      water, it is called a barrier reef.

          (22)        Guam has mostly fringing reefs, but the reefs around Apra Harbor and
                      Cocos Lagoon are barrier reefs.

          (23)        During the day, most coral polyps hide in their holes. -So a piece of
                      coral looks like a rock with a lot of little pinholes.

          (24)        But at night the polyps come out and look for food. Now they look
                      like millons of tiny flowers.

          (25)        Coral polyps are meat eaters. They use their hair-like tentacles to
                      trap microscopic animals called zooplankton. Zooplankton are so small that
                      a single glassful of seawater Could contain millions of them. The polyp
                      'stings the zooplankton with stinging cells and then stuffs the food through
                      its mouth opening into its stomach.

          (26)        Most corals have another way of getting nourishment. They have tiny,
                      one-celled plants living inside them. These plants, called zooxanthelae,
                      make food for both themselves and the coral.

          (27)        Zooxanthelae give corals their beautiful colors. These corals
                      will die without their plants. Since plants need sunlight and
                      there is no sunlight in deep water, coral reefs only grow in shallow
                      water, usually less than 100 feet deep.








         (28)        Coral is the most important animal in the reef.         Other animals live
                     on the coral, or in little coral caves, or under coral boulders.
                     Many kinds of reef animals eat coral, munching through the limestone
                     to get the juicy polyps inside, others hide near coral and hunt
                     for their dinner.

         (29)        Coral comes in a spectacular variety of shapes, sizes and colors.
                     Some branch out in every direction like this staghorn coral.
         (30)        Some grow in colorful clumps.

         (31)        Other grow fat and round. The pattern on this coral's surface looks
                     like a brain so it's called "brain coral."

         (32)        Not all corals are hard and sharp. Some are soft and flexible like
                     rubber. These are called "soft corals" and there are many different
                     kinds.

         (33)        Biologists estimate that there are at least 300 different species of
                     coral just around Guam.

         (34)        Corals may be the rniost important animals in the reef but the most
                     glamourous, certainly, are the fish. Many reef fish look like they
                     were painted with bright colors just to please snorklers.

         (35)        This butterfly -fish, for example is almost too beautiful to be real.

         (36)        And this angelfish is a masterpiece of nature's art. These rainbow
                     colors are not just for decoration. They serve a purpose.

         (37)        Some fish, like this fairy basslet, use their fancy colors to help
                     them hide; camouflage.

         (38)        Others hope their color patterns will frighten or con-fuse hungry
                     predators.

         (39)        Biologists also think that flashy colors help fish recognize others
                     of the same species, just like a football player's uniform makes him
                     easy to identify by his teammates.

         (40)        Many fish use holes in the coral for hiding places. This is a gobi.

         (41)        Others, like this sharp-nosed puffer feed on tiny shrimp and other
                     animals that live in the coral jungle.

         (42)        Some butterfly fish have long pointed mouths that allow them to poke
                     around in holes and cracks as they search for food.

         (43).       The surgeon fish have darigerous-looking knife blades sticking out of
                     their tail section but they are harmless and eat only plants like
                     algae.

         (44)        The parrot fish is a coral-eater. Guam fishermen like to catch this
                     popular fish. A reef fish not only has to find enough to eat, he has
                     to keep from being eaten by predators.








         (45)        The puffer fish has an unusual way to defend himself. When a predator
                     comes too close, the puffer swells up to several times his normal
                     size.

         (46)        The cheerfully painted clownfish has found an even better means of
                     protection. He snuggles down among the stinging tenit'acles ofa sea
                     anemone.

         (47)        The anemone, which is an animal, uses it tentacles to kill small fish
                     but the clownfish is covered with a special slime that protects it
                     from the stings of its partner.

         (48)        Unlike their technicolor cousins, some reef fish, like this lizardfish
                     are the same color as the bottom. This camouflage helps them hide
                     from predators.

         (49)        The coral polyps must taste really good because lots of'reef fish eat
                     them. The parrotfish has such strong teeth that he can crush the rock-
                     hard coral.

         (50)        Here's a popular fish in the reef. The cleaner wrasse feeds by sweeping
                     the bodies of bigger fish clean. Here you see a cleaner wrasse vacuuming
                     the scales of a larger fish. .

         (51)        Of course many fish get their dinner by eating other fish. The hawkfish
                     sits very still and waits for an unsuspecting fish to swim just close
                     enough so that he can easily catch it.
         (52)        Just outside the safety of the reef, larger predators patrol the
                     waters... always looking for food, These are barracuda.

         (53)        And, of course, there is that famous predator, the shark.

         (54)        There is a lot more to a reef than fish and coral. Some of the most
                     important members of the reef community are plants.

         (55)        Algae, which is a plant, comes in many surprising forms.            This coralline
                     algae could be mistaken for coral. Coralline algae helps cement
                     colonies of coral together and makes the reef stronger.

         (56)        Here, a common brown algae looks like underwater lettuce.

         (57)        Some grasses grow underwater, too. This is turtlegrass, a popular
                     food of sea turtles. Sometimes sea grasses even have flowers.

         (58)        Sponges are animals that look like plants. They grow in one place and
                     pump water through the many holes and channels in their bodies. As
                     the water flows through them they strain tiny food particles from it.

         (59)        Some of your favorite reef animals are probably mollusks or "shells."
                     There are hundreds of different kinds of shells. This is a'cowrie.
                     Cowries are common on the reef flat.









          (60)       Some mollusks, like the common cone shells, move around in search of
                     food. They have a muscular foot that they use to crawl slowly along
                     the bottom and some have a poisonous stinger, so leave cone shells
                     alone!

          (61)       This mollusk, the giant clam, spends most of its life in one place,
                     tightly wedged into the sea floor.

          (62)       Here's an interesting reef animal. The octopus can swim by jet
                     propulsion and squirt black ink to hide itself. They turn bright
                     red when scared. The octopus lives in holes and cracks and is an
                     intelligent, gentle animal.

          (63)       Jellyfish can sometimes be seen patrolling the waters above the reef
                     like spaceships. Their stinging tentacles capture tiny fish for food.

          (64)       Shrimps, crabs, lobsters and their relatives are called crustaceans.
                     This is a small marine shrimp, a favorite food of fish and other
                     I arger animals.

          (65)       The sea urchin can really make a point! These underwater pin cushions
                     have spines all over their bodies for protection. A skin diver who
                     is not careful may be poked with sea urchin spines. Sea urchins can
                     crawl slowly along their many little feet.

          ,,(66)     Starfish are related to sea urchins. There are 20 different kinds of
                     starfish around Guam. Some of them are quite beautiful.

          (67)       This crown-of-thorns starfish looks like a creature from           outer space!
                     The crown-of-thorns eats coral and moves slowly across a           reef, munching
                     coral and leaving a path of destruction behind it.

          (68)       This ancient member of the starfish family is called a crinoid.
                     Crinoids usually hide in the coral by day and crawl out at night
                     on tiny little feet to feed on zooplankton.

          (69)       Anyone who has been swimming in Tumon Bay has seen a sea cucumber.
                     These fat, slow animals eat large amounts of sand. Their digestive
                     systems take plant materials from the sand, leaving it much cleaner
                     than before.

          (70)       This animal looks like a flower, but is actually a worm. The feather-
                     duster worm lives in a tube that it builds itself. The worm sticks
                     out a bunch of feather-like tentacles that it uses to catch food and
                     to breathe. If danger approaches, the feather-duster worm retreats
                     back into his tube.

          (71)       Here's another reef worm. The flatworm looks like a beautiful silk
                     scarf rippling through the water as it swims. These worms feed on microscopic
                     plants that grow on the bottom. They, in turn, are eaten by fish.

          (72)       The sharp teeth and evil-looking smile of the moray eel are enough
                     to frighten anyone. The moray eel hides in caves; hunts and eats fish.








          (73)       Each time you visit the reef you'll discover a new animal. You'll see
                     more if you 90 slow, look carefully and pay attention to detail.
          (74)       Occasionally you'll be the one that is discovered. Many reef animals
                     are just as interested in you as you are in them!
          (75)       It's not necessary to go underwater to enjoy the reef. Hundreds of
                     Guamanians play on the reef every day: swimming, fishing, boating, surfing
                     or just wandering.

          (76)       The reef is one of Guam's most valuable natural treasures. It protects
                     us from big waves and provides us with-food, recreation and beauty.

          (77)       We have to be careful that the reef is not destroyed by pollution,
                     erosion or by those thoughtless people who use poison and dynamite to
                     kill fish.

          (78)       The coral reef is a natural resource for us all to use and enjoy.
                     It's a living community of plants and animals, full of color, strange
                     and wonderful animals, and surprises.

          (79)       Come back and visit the coral reef often!

          (80)       Credits:

          (81)       This filmstrip was produced by the Division of Aquatic and Wildlife
                     Resources, Department of Agriculture, Government of Guam and funded by the
                     Guam Coastal Zone Management Program, Bureau of Planning, Government of
                     Guam.





                                       GLIAM'S CORAL REEF



             1.   Na kalro guini

             2.   Titulo: I Rubintason Guam

             3.   Ahi ti i inai-ha uttimona Guam. I mas na manman na patti Guam, esti
                  tutuhonna anai i napo habhuchuda "gui halom gi tano".

             4.   Guaha guini ti fahongi yan bonita ena estero i mundo, guigi guini gi
                  fondun a sut na mattingan ... yuiga esti i nubintason propio.

             5.   Entero Guam na isla rinudendiayi nu i lalala na acho ni mafananaan
                  "Coral" gi fino chamorro i naana "Chochu". Disdi pao para mona yangi
                  i legko chocho kumeki illegko coral. Pues mega i atmasmo munanggu
                  ya nihi ta bisita i fondun rubintason.

             6.   Kalan i gadun na halom tano esti i rubintason ani abundasia i man lalala
                  na gaga yan chaguan. Guaha guini mas de 700 diffirentis klasi na
                  guihan yan mit pot mito otro kalsen gaga siha.

             @7.  Todo esti siha na gaga yan chaguan man lalala yan manisiha gi inakomprendi
                  pareho'a yan hifa ni taotao gi distrito-to de kada uno guaha ofisiona ...
                  todo gaga yan chaguan guini, dangkulo pat dikiki na minedong, ha
                  dependendi gui gi pumalo ni man lalala gi oriyanan. Eyo na i
                  Biologists ma fa naan esti na sistema i "ecosystem".

             8.   1 rubintason depotsi uno gi estamas na manman na "ecosystem" gi entero
                  i tano. Gi magahet ti to lugat gi tano na huaha esti i rubintason,
                  esti na solo i "tropics" anai i hanom tasi tibio yan templao. I coral
                  pat chochu eyo-ha lokue nai sina lala anai i hanom natata yan guaha
                  isla gi hihot. I etmas bonita yan na manman na rubintason man gaigi
                  guini gi pacifico na tasi.

             9.   Mucho mas guini giya Guam yan Micronesia enteramente.

             10.  1 etmas impottanti na membro guini na komunida yi papa tasi esti i chechu..
                  Entero i rubentason pururuha acho chechu, ya esti i chechu prumududusii
                  nengkano yan i lihing para i umanada na gaga ni manasaga uini hi
                  rubintason.

             11.  Hafa Chochu? Siempre guaha na un Iii esti an mamomokat haogi inai.
                  Apaka kulotna, mahetok gi pinachamo ya i posisionna kalan a6ho. Yangi
                  unsoda gi halom hanom siempre un repara na bonita, na manman yan na
                  nialagu', kalan mohon gaigi hao gi un hatdin anai abundansia i man
                  l6kkana atbot, muntisiyu yan i man dilikao na flores siha.

             12.  Lao i chechu gi maghet ani ti acho ya ahi likue ti chaguan. I bonita na
                  kulot yan fotmasion ni un lihi puru sinat ginen i megai-yan dichiching
                  na gaga ni man lilihing yan man lalala guini.

             13.  U gaga chochu dichiching dimasiao para talii nu i atadikta na maisa.
                  Un pidasito ha na natas ya "polyn" i naanna gi fino englis Najas
                  achamudung yan i putan nagua ya guiya fumatitinas chechu para gumana.
                  Tai tulang*, najas ya naturat-na i gimana ha solo muna tatachu.







              14.  1 natas gi chechu ha istitila i "calcium carbonate" gi tasi ya esti na
                   matiriat ha uusa para ufatinas esti na futmasion. I "calcium carbonate"
                   pareho yan i yesu pat i afug, mas gi kalan potbus na materiat, aproposito
                   para simiento gi halo hanom.

              15.  AM lokue ti di kada uno na chechu uno na gaga. Gu uno-ha na chechu
                   guaha mit pot mit na gaga, ...natas ... pat polyn  ... todos man lalala yan
                   man dadana komo uno na kumunidad. Yangin matai i amko na natas mama
                   queko k sagana ya gi ti abmam na tiempo guaha ot ro natas mama guma
                   guine misi-no na lugat. Gi taiguini na maniela na dumadangkulo, chechu.

              16.  Anuk an dispasio esti i chechu dumangkulu, lao 9i miyonis pot miyones
                   anos i despues atan ha na inasintado i produkto. I un pidasito na,chochu
                   sina dumangkulu kalan tronkun atbot na minedong ya i kala-u na trosu sina
                   umachamudong han i dankululu na tumobit. Kada matai i duankulu na chechu
                   humuyong mama bokka ya i bekka sigi-ha ma-ymenta minidongna estaki
                   humuyong dankulu na oksu.

              17.  1 despues de i siklus pot siklus na tiempo i chechu mas ha-umenta gui gi
                   oriyan i isla ya gi taiguini na manera na mafananago i rubintason.
                   Guaha na isla pago na tiempo ginen rubintason enteramente tati gi un
                   tiempo.

              18.  1 i islan Guam mafanngo ginen un butkan ni makta gi fondun i tasi anakuku
                   na tiempo tati. Lao komo ti i umanada na chochu ni man mafanago yan
                   manmatai gi rubintason ti u todo esti minidongna iya Guam na isla.

              19.  Entero i san lagu na banda Guam puru-ha chochu matiriatna, miyas pot
                   miyas na fineda yan sien pie pot sien pie na pinetpot.

              20.  Megai na isla man pareho yan Guam, patti butkan yan patti chochu. Infin,
                   i rubintason lalala 9i kantu yan oriyan i isla komo protiksion kontra i
                   napu gi tasi.

              21.  1 rubintason ni natata yan hihot gi tano mafa-baab "Fringing reef" gi
                   fino englisya eyo i tadung yan chagu gi tano mafa nanaan "Barrier reef".

              22.  Gi mayot patti todo rubientason Guam "Fringing reefs" lao i rub.intson
                   giya apla yan dano pareho i dos "Barrier reef".

              23.  Durantin i haane man hahalom i natas, pat polyps, gi ngiluniha para
                   ufan atuk. Eyo na an haane na un atan, chechu kalan mohon un pidason
                   achu ni puru-h6 maduk.

              24.  Lao gi puengi man huhuyong i natas para u fan e buka ya i chechu kalan
                   mohon rasimon miyones na flores dikiki.

              25.  1 natas, pat polyps, man tekchu na gaga gi magahet. I meplu na kalulut
                   praktiro gi mangoni gaga dichiching, pot mas matungo "soo-plankton".
                   Para un comprende i dikikena esti i zooplankton masu na gi un basu na
                   hanom tasi miyones pot miyonis na zooplankfon para un soda. Manngi
                   na nengkano i zooplankton ya hunggan guinaiya mampos nu i natas chochu.







           26.  1 mayoria gi chechu man manunuli sustancia gi otro manera. Guaha
                chaguan lalala gi san halomniha ya i naanna gi fino englis zoopanthelae.
                Esti na chaguan mamatitinas boka para guiya yan para i chechu gi mismo
                tiempo.

           27.  1 zonpanthelae na chaguan munanai i chechu nu i sen bonito na kulotna
                siha ya sin esti na chaguan i chechu siempri u matai. Yaki hanisisita
                i chaguan somnak gi tadong na mattingan, pot esu lokue na i rubintason i
                natata-ha na hanom na sina lala. Natata kumeki i legna guine memus de
                sien pie na tinandong.

           28.  1 chechu et mas impottanti na gaga gi rubintason, I pumalo gaga manasaga
                gi hilo i chechu pat gi man dikiki na liyang gi chechu osino i papa i
                man dangkulu na trosun chechu. Megai na gaya rubintason kumakanu i
                chechu, mangangangas i acho-afuk para u ha ke suda i mesgu na.natas gi
                san halom. Guaha loke eyo i man aatuk gi fion i chechu ma mepiska para
                senanniha.

           29.  1 chechu na gaga man gatbo gi megai na figura, minedong yan kulot.
                Guaha eyo i man ramas huyong gi todo diriksion tatkomo esti na kala-u
                "stahorn coral".

           30.  Guaha eyo i humuyong gatbo na rasimo yan se mahyao na tronku.

           31.  Guaha eyo lokue i yomuk yan ridondu. Repara i posisionna esti sa kalan
                taiguihe it titanus ya pot esti na rason na mafa naan "Brain crol".

           32.  AM ti todo chochu mahetuk yan malaktus. Guaha eyo i manana yan naba kalan
                goma. I naanna esti "soft coral", ya la megai difirentis klasi quaha
                nu esti.*

           33.  1 man biologists ma estitima na guaha ti sina.menus de 300 difirentis
                rasa.n chochu guini-ha giya Guam solo.

           34.  1 chechu buente mas impottanti na gaga gi rubintason lao i etmas gatbo,
                siguro na i guihan siha. Megai gi guihan rubintason man malak kulotniha
                ya kalan mohon man mahasngun-ha man ma penta pra uma ribirensia hit,
                hita ni man lili-uf gi mattingan.

           35.  Esti i ababang, pot i hemplo, mampos bonitana esta ti fahunggi na
                lalala magahet.

           36.  Ya esti i anghitan, gi finena inatanmo siempri un disidi na taya mas
                asintado na finanagu ki guiya. I koluntna kulot isa ahi ti para
                adotnu-ha solo, sa gi magahet guaha na sumesitbi.

           37.  Guaha. loki eyo siha na quihan, tatkomo esti i chalak palaoan, i
                umuusa i spot na kulotniha para uha atkgui hafa na pilgro; nota maulek
                na hana "chichilung, kulotna yan i oriyana siha.

           38.  Guaha talo eyo i umuusa kulotniha para uma ispanta yan inkubuka i
                man tekchu.







            39.  Man hahalum i biologists na ginen i kulot i guihan na ha distitinggi
                 haye acha parehuna gi entri i batkada, pareho yan i bulero lokue ni
                 ginen i minision na ha tutungo haye man gachongna gi plasa.

            40.  Megai na guihan muna sesitbi i ngilu siha gi chechu komo fan atukan.
                 Doddu esti i un aatan pago.

            41.  1 pumalu gihan, tatkomo esti i butentin sukrus, diario talilii
                 manochuchu uh.ang dikiki yan otro gaga siha ni man lalala yan manasaga
                 gi halom tano chochu.

            42.  Guaha eyo na abagang, i anaku  uan akadiduk pikuna para u sina man buska
                 negkanona gi ngilu yan i kaka  siha.

            43.  1 tataga na guihan gai atmas ni piligru na chachachak gi tronkun
                 dadalakna. Lao gi magahet ahi ti malamana it tataga na gaga ya fuera de
                 enao taya nanana na chaiguan-ha yan lumut.

            44.  Pago esti i lagua, estagui kakanu chochu prifekto. Ma gof guaiya
                 makoni i lagua nu i man pesdadot Guam. Magahet na i guihan rubintason
                 ti eyo-ha atburutuna i u fan aligao para u kanu lao gi mismo tiempo
                 nisisario u adahi gui n u makanu lokui nu i man tekchu.

            45.  1 buteti taya atmasna lao guaha difinsotna naturat. Yangin guaha
                 tekchu humihut guato giya gOiya insigidas i buteti ha na fan bula
                 tataotaona ya hana dangkulu gui megai buettas mas ki i minidongna
                 depotsi.

            46.  Esti na quihan fomu kakaroti naanna. Para u difendi gui yan para u
                 eskapayi i man tekchu na gaga hui-.qahalom ya umaatuk guini gi goliman
                 madera.

            47.  Esti i guliman madera kalan chaguan lao gi magahet gaga na lalala ya
                 piligru para i man dichiching na guihan. I kalulotna binenu para
                 guihan lao i fomu kakaroti guaha dangesna ya ti guinaiya nu i guliman
                 madera.

            48.  Lao ahi ti todu guihan rubentason man malak yan kalak kulotniha. Chuli
                 esti i pippipu pot i hemplo. Nota na i kulotna ni mas ni menus yan i
                 fondun i msyyinhsn. Bintaha esti para i pippipu sa mapot linii nu i
                 tekchu.

            49.  Siguro manngi i natas chochu, ombri megai gi guihan rubintason gumuaiya
                 kumano. I lagua ni un lilii guini ha nganga ligas i mahetuk na chochu.
                 I nifenna metgot yan makaktus.

            50.. Estagui un guihan ni todos tumungo gi rubintason. Guiya esti i lestun
                 mattingan. Chumochuchu i leston mattingan Gi aplacha i man dangkulu
                 na guihan. Guini na litratu un lilii i lesiun chumochuchu yan hana
                 gagasgas i dangkulu na kakaka.

            51.  Naurat na megai na guihan manochuchu gi otro guihan. Esti na gadao
                 pulan umeenangga otro guihan para u lahihut ya u tuchu.







            52. Gi hiyong i rubintason anai mas latadung i mattingan, man gaigi i
                .man lamudong na tekchu na man eekanu. Un aatan guini pago un batkadan
                 alu.

            53.  0, ya chamu malelefa nu i haluu lokue.

            54.  Gi rubintason guaha mas para un lii fuera de guihan yan chochu. I
                 otro sen impottanti na membro yuini na komunida, i megai difirentis
                 ,kalsi na chaguan tasi.

            55.  Guiya esti i lumut mattingan. Negai difirentis klasin lumut guaha gi
                 rubintason. Guaha na baihi na kalan chochu posisionnna. Ayudo na
                 dangulu esti sa chechetun gi achu yan hasus tietieni i chechu ya mas ha
                 na fifitmi rubintason.

            56.  Pago esti i otro klasi na lumut kalan mohon tipoyo, lao gi magahet
                 guiya esti i chaiguan rubintason.

            57.  Hungan guaha sakati gi halom tasi lokui. Mafa naan esti sakatin hagan
                 pot rason na gof guinaiya kimanu nu i hagan. Guaha na biahi n'a man man
                 flores esti lokui i chaguan tasi siha.

            58.  Estagui un gaga na kalan chaguan posisionna. Kotchan manana naanna
                 ya ti hahanao gi sagana. Ha kukula i hanon tasi gi megai na tubo yan
                 ngulu gi taotaona, ya eyo nanana i man dichiching na pidasu ni man
                 chinichili nu i hanom.

            59.  Possibbli buenti na i etmas yamu na gaga gi rubintason, esti i karakot.
                 Umanada na rasan karakot quaha 9i tasi. -Esti i un aatan pago bungi i
                 naanna ya makokoni esti gi fina lamasa gi rubintason.

            60.  Guaha eyo na lkasin karakot i gai patas ya kumukunanaf para u fan
                 ispiha nana, tatkomo esti i apegaga. Lao guaha na apegaga didiluk ya
                 binenu dinilokna. Pues mas maulek yangin un suhayi to apegaga gi tasi.

            61.  1 otro gaga ini hasan na humanao ya pinat un lugat-ha na sumasaga, esti
                 i hirna. I hima chechetun fitmi gi fondun i rubintason.

            62.  Uno gi etmas malati yan karinosu na gaga rubintason esti i gamsun. I
                 gamsun na gaga mato gi chadik na nanqu yan an nisisario na u atuk ha
                 flichis-ha amesna ya malingun hanum-ha gi meman atad6kmo.

            63.  Sesu esti i papagu di malii puma sesehu tenga gi sepin i tasi gi
                 rubintason. I kalulotna binenu para guihan dichiching ya gi taiguenao
                 na hasosoda i para u kanu.

                 Abundansia lokui gi rubintason esti siha i panglao, umang, mahongan
                 yan palu gaga ni karakot lasasniha. Estagui un dikiki na umang tasi
                 mi alabuenaquenta todo gaga gi tasi gumuai ya kumanu.

            65.  Un aatan pago guini i laum, uno na gaga gi tasi ni suficienti
                 protiksion. Gi todo i tataotaona i laum guaha didiluk ya komo ti un
                 adahi libiano ha tinekcha. Dispasio kumalamtin lao hunggan @ina
                 humanao esti i laum.







            66.  Pumarentis rasanniha i laum yan esti i kiluus tasi. Guaha kasi 20 na
                 klasin kiluus tasi guini giya Guam ya guaha entri siha bonito para ma
                 atan.


            67.  1 otro klasi na kiluus tasi esti i kurenan laktus. Kalan bibinsi i
                 posision yan i.kulot lao i kuronan laktus inimigu para i rubintason.
                 Esti na gaga humahanao ya todo chochu ni ha sosoda mona ha kakanu.
                 Todo i ha falofangui ha distrotrosa konfuetsa.

            68.  Kontodo esti lokui kiluus tasi na familia ya i naanna crinoid. I
                 crinoid mas ancianu na membro gi familian kiluus tasi. Gi haane umaatuk
                 gi halom chochu ya i puengi na hurnuhuyong para u chochu.

            69.  Maseha hayi ni chumagi mato gi tasin tommum, siempre halii esti i
                 balati. Yoyomuk esti na gaga ginen i kantidan unai hi ha kakanu.

            70.  Gi primet inatanmo nu esti siempri i legmo na flores. Ahi, ulu tasi
                 i un lilii guini gi magahet. Sumasaga esti na ulu gi un fina tubu ya
                 i kalulotna ni kalan pulun manuk eyo na humahagung. Komo manenti hafa
                 na piligro insigidas i kalulotn'a hiha man halom tati gi tubu.

            71.  Yangin unlii esti gi halom hanom ni na haso hao un pidasun talapus
                 chita. Atan talo sa siempri un ripara na ulu tasi esti lokue. Munanangu
                 para i fondu ya chumochuchu chaguan. Guaha guihan gumuaiya kumanu
                 esti na ulu.

            72.  Hasan taotao ti maanao nu esti i hagmang buchi. Nota i malagtus nifenna
                 yan imalamana na hichurana. Sumasaga gi liyang rubintason ya i guihan
                 mas yana na nana.

            73.  Di kada biahi na un bisita i rubintason un diskukubri nuebo na gaga ni
                 ti un Iii gi mapos na finatomo. Mas para un liii yangin munangu hao
                 dispasio. Atiendi maulek i hinanaomo yan na gef mata hao gi todo i
                 oriyamo.

            74.. Megai gi gaga rubintason man intirisao nu hago lokue, taimano-ha i
                 intiresmo nu siha.

            75.  Ti nisisario na un liuf gi fondu para un gosa i rubintason. Megai na
                 chamorro dumibiebietti siha gi tasi kada dia; an ti man nanangu pues
                 mamepiska osino man bobuti pat man ee fotgun-ha sin nisisidad.

            76.  1 rubintason uno gi mas prisioso na mina para Guam. Ha protetehi
                 hit kontra i napu, ha nana-i hit nengkanu minagof yan gatbesa.

            77.  Nisisario na taadahi yan ta protehi i rubintason. Munga hit dumistrosa;'
                 nihi ta na para kumuchinuyi yan umplcha-i tasita. Basta i peskan
                 dinamita yan i peskan binenu.

            78.  1 tasi yan i rubintason irinsiata todos para ta usa yan ta gosa gi
                 gasgas yan dinanchi na manera. Lalala na komunida i tasi anai
                 manasaga i man bonito yan manngi no chaguan yan gaga siha.

            79.  Tatalo m1gi ya un bisita i rubintason mas sesu.







             80. Credito:     I prumudusi esti: Chris Wille
                              I mento: Rob Myers
                              I litratista:   Anne Maben
                                              Rob Myers
                                              Mitch Warner
                                              Chris Wille
                              I trumislada:   Carmen Blas
                                              Allyn Camacho
                              I tumaitai:     Jesus Chamorro

             81. Esti na produksion ginen    Division of Aquatic & Wildlife Resources, DOA,
                  GovGuam ya inapasi nu i Guam Coastal Zone Management Program, Bureau of,
                  Planning, GovGuam.









                                                    GLOSSARY


             Algae                   plants without roots that make their own food from sunlight
                                     and minerals taken right from the water. Large
                                     kinds of algae are called seaweeds.

             Anemone                 flower-like animals related to corals that have no
                                     calcium carbonate skeletons. Anemones catch food
                                     with stinging cells in their tentacles.

             Barrier reef         -  a reef which occurs far from the shore and is separated
                                     from the land by deep water. Reefs around Cocos
                                     Island and Apra Harbor are barrier reefs.

             Calcium carbonate -     a mineral that corals and corailinc algae draw
                                     from the water that makes their outer tissues
                                     turn hard. It is the same mineral that is found
                                     in chalk or limestone.

             Camoufla'ge          -  a disguise that helps an animal blend into its
                                     surroundings by using color, shape, or pattern.
                                     It makes an animal hard to see by its predators
                                     or prey.

             Coralline algae      -  tiny plants that live in the ocean and store
                                     calcium carbonate in their cells. They feel hard
                                     to, the touch and help cement coral colonies together
                                     to make the reef stronger.

             Crinoid              -  an ancient relative of the starfish that gets
                                     its food by capturing plankton in a slime found on
                                     its many arms. Crinoids usually perch on sea fans
                                     and other corals while feeding.

             Crustaceans             animals found mainly near or in water that !lave hard
                                     outer skeletons with jointed legs on their upper and
                                     lower bodies. Crabs, lobsters, shrimp, and hermit
                                     crabs are some of the many kinds of crustaceans.

             Ecosystem               all the plants and animals in a community.and the
                                     physical environment they live in.

             Erosion                 washing away or removal of soil by wind or      'rainfall.

             Fringing reefs       -  a shallow coral reef that has grown around       the
                                     edge of an island or continentd

             Hard coral           -  colonies of tiny polyps that can build large
                                     coral reefs with their hard calcium carbonate
                                     skeletons. Each polyp has tentacles numbering
                                     six or multi.ples of six.








            Jet propulsion      -  to propel outward under pressure or force.

            Microscopic         -  an object so small it cannot be seen with eyes
                                   alone.


            Mollusk             -  soft-bodied animals that live near or in the
                                   water that are usually covered by a hard shell.
                                   Animals that live seashells are one kind of mollusk.

            Natural resources   -  available supply of materials that occur in nature.

            Pollution           -  contamination of an environment, especially with
                                   man-made waste.

            Polyp               -  a hollow-bodied animal that is attached to a base.
                                   It has only one body opening which is surrounded
                                   by tentacles. Some body tissue may connect with
                                   a.neighboring polyp.

            Predator            -  an animal that gets its food by eating other
                                   animals.

            Prey                -  an animal that is eaten by other animals.

            Sea grass           -  a true grass that grows in the ocean and gets
                                   its food through roots growing down into the sand.

            Soft coral          -  colonies of tiny polyps which only have spine-like
                                   pieces of calcium carbonate in their tissues.
                                   With these pieces, soft corals have some support
                                   for their bendable colonies. Soft corals always
                                   have eight tentacles.

            Sponge              -  Attached marine animals; the soft skeleton of some
                                   are used for bathing and cleaning.

            Stinging cells      -  special cells found in the body walls of polyps
            (nematocysts)          and jellyfish which shoot out a coiled tube to
                                   sting and capture prey.

            Tentacles           -  long arm-like body parts found around the mouths
                                   of many soft-bodied animals.

            Volcano             -  vent in the earth's crust through which molten
                                   lava and gases are forced out.

            Zooplankton         -  many kinds of tiny animals that spend their
                                   lives floating in the ocean. Most are so clear
                                   you can practically see through them.

            Zooxanthelae        -  one-celled plants that live in the tissues of
                                   corals and some mollusks and manufacture food
                                   for the corals and themselves. Zooxanthelae
                                   give corals their beautiful colors.










                                             Bibliography


           Burgess, Robert F. Ei,:,,p
                                  jorinF,_a Coral Reef.

           Darling, Lois Coral Reefs.

           May, Julian These Islands Are Alive,

           McGovern, Arai The Underwater World of the Coral Reef.

           Richard Randall and L.G. Eldridge Life On Gumm Coral Reef-.

           Rj-chard Randall and L.G. Eldridge On the Reef.

           Ronai, Lili Corals.

           Silverberg, Robert The World of Coral.

           Zim,, Herbert S. Corals.


           All references available at Nieves Flores Library.