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--'Fi -ftoprt AA'- COASTAL'OC- EAN. DATA ORKSHOP.....' 4tVOWelfed'at: th e' koeo,ap"raphic I "@p Mire* 1143,7997' Co-Sponsors: NOAA's National Ocean Ioqtdohic.-Data. Center GC NOAA's Coastal Services Centee 38 University of Rhode Island Graduate- .N63 1997 Final Report NOAA COASTAL OCEAN DATA WORKSHOP Convened at the Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institution Fort Pierce, Florida March 11-13,1997 Co-Sponsors: NOAA's National Oceanographic Data Center NOAA's Coastal Services Center C73 CM0 University of Rhode Island Graduate School of Oceanography -.I US De.nartmnnt of Commerce NOA@@. f- @',@@rvlces center Library CID 2234 E,ouzii !,'ob3on Avenue Charleston, SC 29405-2413 TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ..................................................................................... iii INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................1 WORkSHOP STRUCTURE .......... ......................................................................3 FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ...........................................................6 Data and Information Management .......................................................................6 Data Products and Integration ................................................................................9 Partnerships, Coordination, Cooperation, and Infrastructure ................................9 Training, Education, and Outreach ........................................................................ 12 APPENDICES A. List of Workshop Participants B. Workshop Agenda C. List of Background and Reference Materials D. List of Proposals Submitted E. Notes From Working Group Sessions NOAA COA STA L OCEAN DATA WORKSHOP EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The NOAA Coastal Ocean Data Workshop (the Workshop) was held -at the Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institution in Fort Pierce, Florida, on March I I to 13, 1997. The Workshop included seventy-six invited scientists, managers, and decision-makers from Federal, state, and local government agencies; the private sector; academia; and the general public. In addition, thirty NOAA representatives and two members of the sponsoring institutions attended, for a total of 108 -participants. Workshop participants represented the U.S. coastal and Great Lakes states, and the Territories. FINDINGS and RECOMMENDATIONS Dato and Information Management: 0 The use of both "carrots" and "sticks" was recommended to promote data submission to NOAA/NODC, or to ensure data availability through a distributed system. 0 NOAANODC should develop new user-friendly strategies for serving coastal ocean data over the WEB. 0 NOAANODC should develop on-line catalogs of coastal ocean data and information. 0 To facilitate differing data-access requirements, a catalog could be developed which presents users with choices regarding the level of documentation or metadata viewed. Software for data base queries should be standardized across platforms (PC, UNIX, or MAC). � Access to historical hard-copy data is a problem. There is considerable demand for support of the labor-intensive work required for data rescue and digitization. An advisory group should be established to assist NODC with the formulation of policies regarding identification and prioritization of data bases to access and/or rescue and to focus scarce resources upon. � Considerable support was expressed by the Workshop participants for a central, long- term archive at NODC in addition to, or as a backup for, local archives. All data should be kept in the archive, even poor quality data. There was also support for a distributed data system, with NODC archiving national data sets and other "shoebox" data sets which do not have a home. NOAA COASTAL OCE4 M DATA WORKSHOP � Ecological data in coastal ecosystems is far more compl ex to manage than data from open ocean systems. � As presently collected and archived, species data must be considered highly suspect, and subject to errors that are potentially large and beyond correction. � A peer review process for data quality is needed, as well as standard, automated quality control methods. � NOAA/NODC should conduct periodic workshops on Quality Assurance and Quality Control (QA/QC) for selected data types. � There is a great deal of demand for training in the Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) standards, and for development of, and training in, the -use of metadata documentation tools. � NODC should coordinate and collaborate with the library community. � Participants at the Workshop also identified a requirement for production of region- specific bibliographies on selected coastal issues. Data Products and Integration � New data bases of analysis and visualization tools need to be created, and training in their access and use should be provided. � The data modeling community can cooperate with NOAA/NODC to fill in the gaps in spatial and temporal coverage of coastal data. � NOAA data bases should establish and use a single consistent definition or reference system for the shoreline. � Information and data should be provided on spatial and temporal scales useful for addressing issues at the local, state and regional levels; not just the national level. Partnerships, Coordination, Cooperation, and Infrastructure 0 140AA/NODC should explore the creation of regional nodes, formed by partnerships among universities, libraries, NOAA, and the military sector in order to leverage outreach activities to the various user and data-contributor communities. iv NOAA COASTAL OCEAN DATA WORKSHOP � There are some U.S. coastal regions and Territories with connectivity problems. We must ensure that these areas are brought on line, and not left in a data vacuum due lack of resources, poor system design, or a lack of user-friendly tools and training. � NODC should establish a Liaison Office in the Great Lakes, and should coordinate with the International Joint Commission, the Great Lakes Fisheries Commission, and the Great Lakes Commission. � The appropriate NODC Liaison Officers should include the U.S. Territories in their data collection programs. � Better coordination and cooperation is needed at all levels among agencies and organizations at the Federal, state, and local levels, as well as among regions and among disciplinary experts and managers. NOAAYNODC should establish links within these sectors and make their data resources more accessible to the various coastal user communities. � Understanding coastal issues in the Gulf of Mexico is a complex challenge, involving diverse nations, issues, and habitats. � The multi-state, multi-institution Gulf-Wide Geographic Information System (GWIS) under development by the Minerals Management Service may serve as a good model of a coastal data system. � A number of opportunities for partnering between NOAA/NODC and the Department of Defense (especially the Navy) were identified during the course of this Workshop. � NODC should pursue opportunities to coordinate and collaborate with the Sea Grant Institutions. � As a community, we will have to work "smarter" and in concert if we are going to prepare systems and protocols to utilize anticipated data streams from the exciting new observation and data collection instruments. Training, Education, and Outreach Periodic regional workshops following the model of this national one should be conducted. A "Swat Team," perhaps jointly created by NODC, CSC, and Sea Grant, could be v NOAA COASTAL OCEAN DATA WORKSHOP developed to travel to various scientific meetings to provide training workshops on metadata, quality control, and data access tools. 0 Other training needs, identified in the Workshop included: Geographic Information Systems (GIS), working with remote sensing data,. electronic data retrieval, digitization, data interpretation, photo' interpretation, and VVEB use. 0 U.S. Territory-based agencies, in particular, expressed needs for technical training and equipment to enable them to participate in this effort at the same level as agencies in other regions and sectors. 0 NOAA/NODC should establish rotational positions to provide training for staff from other agencies and organizations. As we enhance management of coastal ocean data, conceptualize new architectures, and develop new products, we must ensure that the requirements of educators and students are considered. � NOAA/NODC should seek out oppoftunities for cooperation with minority institutions in securing, processing and rescuing coastal ocean data. � Although NOAANODC should initially focus its coastal ocean data management activities on the U.S., strategies for global coastal ocean data management should also be pursued in the near future. vi NOAA COASTAL OCEAN DATA WORKSHOP 14 n5 . . . . . . . . . . . liip Ax NOAA COASTAL OCF,4 N DATA WORKSHOP INTRODUCTION The NOAA Coastal Ocean Data Workshop (the Workshop) was held at the Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institution in Fort Pierce, Florida, on March I I to 13, 1997. The workshop was co-sponsored by NOAA's National Oceanographic Data Center (NODC), NOAA's Coastal Services Center (CSC), and the Graduate School of Oceanography of the University of Rhode Island (GSO). Its primary goals were to increase NOAA's responsiveness to customers in the coastal -ocean community, and to encourage the formation of additional partnerships and joint ventures. The Workshop included seventy-six invited scientists, managers, and decision-makers from Federal, state, and local government agencies; the private sector; academia; and the general public. In addition, thirty NOAA representatives and two members of the sponsoring institutions attended, for a total of 108 participants (Appendix A). The regional distribution of the invited participants was as follows: East Coast 23 Great Lakes 9 Gulf of Mexico 19 Islands 10 West Coast 14 The results of the workshop will be used to: Increase NODC's responsiveness to coastal ocean customer requirements in the area of data and information management, including customers within other NOAA programs; Provide additional opportunities for NOAA to form partnerships and joint ventures with stakeholders in the coastal ocean community; Increase the knowledge and awareness of NOAA's activities within the coastal ocean community; and Be responsive to the new National Oceanographic Partnership Program. The major areas addressed were: Identification of data NOAA should acquire, which can be useful to address major regional and national coastal ocean issues and scientific research priorities; MOAA COA STA L OCF-4 Ar DATA WORKSHOP Identification of specific data management requirements: data types, levels of precision, national and international standards, levels of quality control, metadata and documentation, formats, accessibility, timeliness, synthesis products, etc.; and Identification of potential partnerships, joint ventures, and networking to implement the recommendations. Ile next section describes the workshop organization and structure. 2 NOAA COA STA L OCEAN DA TX WORKSHOP WORKSHOP STRUCTURE After an initial introductory plenary session (Appendix B), the Workshop was divided into five working groups for the Identification ofData Required to Address National and Regional Coastal Ocean Issues and Scientific Research Priorities. The five working groups were organized by geographic region: East Coast; Great Lakes; Gulf of Mexico; Islands (including U.S. Virgin Islands, Puerto Rico, American Samoa, Guam, Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands [CNMI], and Hawaii); and West Coast (including Alaska). Each group was asked to briefly review, and modify if necessary, the listings of major national and regional coastal issues/problems, and scientific research priorities which address these issues/problems. These subjects were already addressed by the National Research Council Committee to Identify High-Priority Science to Meet National Coastal Needs; the Subcommittee on U.S. Coastal Ocean Science; and the Regional Marine Research Program Boards. The report, Prioritiesfor Coastal Ecosystem Science (NRC, 1994), identified nine important coastal issues: Eutrophication Habitat Modification Hydrologic and Hydrodynamic Disruption Exploitation of Resources Toxic Effects Introduction of Nonindigenous Species Global Climate Change and Variability Shoreline Erosion and Hazardous Storms Pathogens and Toxins Affecting Human Health A background package of additional reports on this topic was mailed to participants prior to the workshop, and hot links were established to relevant material available on line from the workshop home page (Appendix Q. Tables summarizing the issues and scientific research priorities were posted in each of the breakout rooms used by the working groups. Participants were then asked to identify historical and contemporary data and information which NODC should acquire to support research, management, and decision-making addressing these issues and priority research areas. The coastal data sets already archived by NODC were identified in the NODC report, Inventory of US. Coastal Ocean Data, in the package of 3 AfoAA COASTAL OCE4N DATA WORKSHOP background material. Cross-cutting issues (e.g., data quality and format standards, data sharing and accessibility, data integration and product development) were covered in the next working group session. At the end of the first day, in a second plenary session, a representative selected by each group provided a ten-minute summary of the group's discussions. On the second day, the Workshop was divided into five new working groups. The focus of these discussions was on Specific Data and Information Requirements. Four of the groups were divided up along scientific disciplinary lines: biological, chemical, geological, and physical. The fifth group was composed of managers and decision-makers. The technical data and information specialists in attendance were distributed among all of the groups. Each of the four disciplinary groups discussed data and information requirements regarding: data/parameter types, units, levels of precision and accuracy, levels and types of quality control; metadata and supporting documentation; national and international data and metadata format, content, exchange standards; search and retrieval capabilities of the data and metadata. systems; and means of access to data and information systems, platforms, media. The fifth group discussed data and information requirements from a management perspective, regarding: search and retrieval requirements for systems; means of access to data and information systems, platforms, media; turnaround time for requests; visualization/display, analytical, and conversion tools; and data, information, and synthesis products. On the afternoon of the second day, each working group reported on its discussions and recommendations to all of the Workshop participants during a plenary session. The final working group session, Implementation ofthe Recommendations through Partnerships and Cooperative Ventures, was organized by stakeholders' sectors: Data and Information Systems Management; State, Territory and Local Governments; Military, Classified or Proprietary, and Industrial Data bases; and Sea Grant, Universities, and "Shoebox" Data Set Creators/Custodians. 4 NOAA COA STA L OCF-4N DATA WORKSHOP These four groups were tasked to: 0 Share information about existing coastal data and information management activities, since a number of efforts in this area have been initiated; 0 Propose potential partnerships, joint projects, and cooperative efforts to implement projects growing out of the requirements and recommendations developed in the first two working sessions; 0 Identify potential sources of resources to support the activities, responsible parties, organizations, other project details, etc.; and 0 Present and discuss any written proposals prepared in advance (Appendix D). A final plenary session on the last day provided the opportunity for the selected representatives of the latter working groups to report on their firidings and recommendations. Then, the entire Workshop participated in a discussion leading to a set of recommendations and concerns for communication to NOAA. The next section summarizes the major findings and recommendations from all the workshop sessions. The lists of data sets addressing the major coastal ocean science issues and research priorities can be found in Appendix E, within the individual working group reports. 5 NO" COASTAL OCEAN DATA WORKSHOP FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS Data and Information Management Data Submission The use of both "carrots" and "sticks" was recommended to promote data submission to NOAA/NODC, or to ensure data availability through a distributed system. Most Federal ftindmig agencies already have a requirement within their grants and contracts that all data be forw'arded in a timely fashion to the appropriate National Data Centers. We need to ensure that the spirit as well as the letter of this requirement is widely adhered to in the scientific community. Prior to transmittal to a Data Center, data must be formatted, labeled, and supplied with metadata consistent with practice and standards. These activities all cost investigators precious time and money. A number of straw-man strategies for encouraging this process were offered: Credit for submission of high quality data sets, akin to peer-reviewed publications, should be given to the author(s). The credit should carry sufficient significance to encourage others to cooperate in the same fashion. A dialogue with the fiinding agencies (e.g., NOAA, National Science Foundation, Office of Naval Research, Minerals Management Service, Department of Energy, etc.) should be initiated regarding augmentation of overhead support already included in grants, so that it reflects the costs of data processing and quality control required for submission to the National Data Centers. The idea of "sunset" grants to senior retiring faculty and researchers should be considered, to encourage their participation in quality-assurance, labeling, and packaging their private data sets for inclusion in the National Data Center archives. Data-exchange credits should be provided by NOAA/NODC for submissions. Access, Search, Retrieval NOAA/NODC should develop new user-friendly strategies for serving coastal ocean data over the WEB. Strong support was expressed for the proposed National Virtual Data System, a seamless, distributed ocean/coastal data network system with regional, state and local nodes. Access systems should enable the user to browse the data before downloading them. 0 NOAA/NODC should develop on-line catalogs of coastal ocean data and information. There should be user-friendly ways to query data bases and catalogs. 6 NOAA COA STA L OCE4 N DATA WORKSHOP Controlled vocabularies should be developed to facilitate search and retrieval of data, in coordination with the library community. Participants recommended development of an issue-driven catalog of coastal data sets, as well as the inclusion of hot links from NODC's home page to other sites which serve coastal data. Additional access requirements, included the capability to search and retrieve data by: geographic area; biological genus and/or species; level of precision; and instrument type. � To facilitate differing data-access requirements, users should be presented with choices regarding the level of documentation or metadata viewed from a catalog or data base system. Different users may require different levels of metadata. For example, the highly knowledgeable user may need only to view a project name or a geographic area in order to select desired data, while a k thru 12 student may require a full suite of metadata in order to make his or her selection. � Software for data base queries should be standardized across platforms (PC, UNIX, or MAC). A gap exists between the tools available for UNIX systems compared to those available for the PC and MAC machines. There is a similar need to make software tools for data visualization and modeling available for these platforms. � Access to historical hard-copy data is a problem. There is considerable demand for support of the labor-intensive work required for data rescue and digitization. An advisory group should be established to assist NODC with the formulation of policies regarding identification and prioritization of data bases to access and/or rescue and to focus scarce resources upon. In many cases historical data require digitization; quality control, including addition of metadata and format/unit conversions; and loading into standard data bases with on-line access. The Workshop participants expressed a concern for the fate of data sets thirty, fifty, or a hundred years after their collection. Global climate change research and studies of the changing coastline resulting from anthropogenic activities are two examples of research which have a critical need for historical data. Archive Issues Considerable support was expressed by the Workshop participants for a central, long-term archive at NODC in addition to, or4s a backup for, local archives. All data should be kept in the archive, even poor quality data. Raw data used to generate 7 NOAA COASTAL OCEAN DA TA WORKSHOP integrated data sets and other valued added products should always be accessible from the deep archives for reference purposes. Novel unanticipated uses or new analysis tools may make these original data sets valuable'to future investigators. Finding the resources to support updating and maintenance of the deep archives presents a significant challenge. Perhaps internships and partnerships can be arranged among the Data Centers, Sea Grant, other agencies, and the academic community to provide the necessary support. Long-term archiving of data may present special problems for islands, polar regions, and other areas subject to natural disasters and severe weather. There was also support for a distributed data system, with NODC archiving national data sets and other "shoebox" data sets which do not have a home. Quality Control � Ecological data in coastal ecosystems is far more complex to manage than data from open ocean systems. For example, in addition to offshore production measurements employing carbon isotopes and pigments, coastal data may include leaf lengths, root biomass, tree girth, and leaf litter fall. � As presently collected and archived, species data must be considered highly suspect, and subject to errors that are potentially large and beyond correction. There are no agreed upon international standards for the attributes necessary for the recognition of particular species, and all species are subject to redefinition based on further study. In addition, there are no agreed upon standards of quality assurance for species identification, even if the species have been carefully defined by a competent taxonomist. The new Interagency Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) which is replacing the old NODC Taxonomic Code system is an improvement. However, it makes the error of assuming that species is a well-defined category, and that there is no error in assignment to category. � A peer review process for data quality is needed, as well as standard, automated quality control methods. � NOAA/NODC should conduct periodic workshops on Quality Assurance and Quality Control (QA/QC).for selected data types. Intonnation Management, Documentation, Metadata 0 There is a great deal of demand for training in the Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) standards, and for development of, and training in, the use of 8 NOAA COA STA L OCEA IV DATA WORKSHOP metadata documentation tools. There was much discussion of metadata, and participants recognized the requirement for metadata standards such as FGDC. Participants noted that metadat@ should include, at a minimum: identity of data source; level of QA/QC; and extent of data set, with linkages to subsets so it is always possible to reassemble project data. NODC should coordinate and collaborate with the library community. There should be discussions, clarification, and recognition of the potential role of libraries in coastal ocean data management. Librarians are evolving into guides and navigators of multi- media information and data sources. Libraries could become additional sources for NOAA and other governmental data products. Through bibliographies of data sets, catalogs of extensive grey literature holdings, and utilization of the new generation of metadata, search and recovery systems, the libraries have tremendous potential to contribute to data management and utilization. Future regional workshops that follow up upon this effort should encourage the participation of university and research institute librarians in the mix of stakeholders. 0 Participants at the Workshop also identified a requirement for production of region-specific bibliographies on selected coastal issues. Date Products and Integration � New data bases of analysis and visualization tools need to be created, and training in their access and use should be provided. As new analysis and visualization tools become available, a data base of these and other decision-making aids should be made available on line. Archives of digital images from satellites; archives of aerial photographs of the coast; recently de-classified military and national reconnaissance assets; and historical photographic archives such as that held by the National Marine Fisheries Service (and currently undergoing digitization) should be created. They shodld then be integrated with existing data already archived by the Data Centers. Next Generation Weather Radar (NEXRAD) generates gigabytes of meteorological data (not yet widely available) that can b@ of great value to coastal researchers seeking to link atmospheric forcing to coastal problems. � The data modeling community can cooperate with NOAA/NODC to fill in the gaps in spatial and temporal coverage of coastal data. Model data and model validation through dual use programs such as the Navy Oceanographic Data Distribution System 9 NOAA COA STA L OCE4 N DATA WORKSHOP (NODDS) will enhance understanding of coastal processes. 0 NOAA data bases should establish and use a single consistent definition or reference system for the shoreline. Information and data should be provided on spatial and temporal scales useful for addressing issues at the local, state and regional levels; not just the national level. Most habitat issues deal with a complex ocean-land interface where coastal problems are increasingly seen as connected to watershed processes. NOAA should determine the types and geographic scales of watershed data which should be included in its coastal ocean data management efforts. Partnerships, Coordination, Cooperation, and Infrastructure � NOAA/NODC should explore the creation of regional nodes, formed by partnerships among universities, libraries, NOAA, and the military sector in order to leverage outreach activities to the various user and data-contributor communities. � There are some U.S. coastal regions and Territories with connectivity problems. We must ensure that these areas are brought on line, and not left in a data vacuum due lack of resources, poor system design, or a lack of user-friendly tools and training. Some geographic areas have been neglected by the Data Centers, including the Great Lakes and Territories. Emerging technologies hold out the promise of more rapid and effective access to global ocean data archives. Sectors of our society that have previously had poor access to libraries, data, and information will soon be able to search for and utilize data products from even the most remote locations. � NODC should establish a Liaison Office in the Great Lakes, and should coordinate with the International Joint Commission, the Great Lakes Fisheries Commission, and the Great Lakes Commission. Detailed lake level records exist, which together with the meteorological and physical lake data, serve as a powerful tool by which to examine possible effects that would result from perturbations in the hydrologic cycle such as those related to global climate change. The Great Lakes are a basically closed system, with hydraulic residence times ranging from 3 to 109 years. This topological configuration permits mass-balance approaches as an aid in the study of water flow and the fate of human-introduced chemicals. � The appropriate NODC Liaison Officers should include the U.S. Territories in their data collection programs. Several opportunities for collaboration were identified at this 10 NOAA COASTAL OCEAN DATA WORXSHOP Workshop. For example, there is a unique historical collection of aerial photographs tracking shoreline change in the Virgin Islands, shared by the Island Resources Foundation, the Eastern Caribbean Center, and the University of the Virgin Islands. NODC could collaborate with CNMI in developing data management systems for its coral reef data. There are also data for some of the islands which, it was pointed out, are not readily available from the Department of Defense. NOAA/NODC may be able to play a facilitation role in archiving and providing these data sets to the Territories. 0 Better coordination and cooperation is needed at all levels among agencies and organizations at the Federal, state, and local levels, as well as among regions and among disciplinary experts and managers. NOAA/NODC should establish links within these sectors and make their data resources more accessible to the various coastal user communities. Examples cited during the Workshop included: the Environmental Protection Agency's Storage and Retrieval System (STORET), National Estuary Program, and Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program (E-MAP); NOAA's National Estuari ne Research Reserve and National Status and Trends Programs; and the US Geological Survey's online data on nutrient flux. NODC should actively, but selectively, seek out university and private sector data sets as well. As noted previously, an advisory conunittee could help in identifying these desirable "shoebox" data sets. � Understanding coastal issues in the Gulf of Mexico is a complex challenge, involving diverse nations, issues, and habitats. In addition to the U.S. states and Territories, there are a number of other nations and island nations which should be taken into consideration in establishing any regional centers or nodes for coastal ocean data management. The Gulf region includes extensive reef tracts, mangrove stands, estuaries, hypersaline lagoons, and many other habitats. � The multi-state, multi-institution Gulf-Wide Geographic Information System (GWIS) under development by the Minerals Management (MMS) Service may serve as a good model of a coastal data system. NOAA/NODC should work closely with - MMS both nationally and in the Gulf of Mexico region. MMS has traditionally depended on NODC. for archiving data from the extensive studies of actual and potential impacts of oil and gas industry development on the U.S. outer continental shelf. � A number of opportunities for partnering between NOAA/NODC and the Department of Defense (especially the Navy) were identified during the course of this Workshop. NODC should prepare a listing of data submitted to NODC by the Navy. A number of useful model products are now de-classified and available to the community from the Fleet Numerical Oceanography Center (FNOQ and other Naval facilities. Archiving of FNOC model data output, once models have been standardized so NOAA COASTAL OCEEAN DATA WORKSHOP that their products can be used as a proxy for data, will involve major storage requirements. An index to the bathymetric data available ftom DOD would also be useful to coastal oceanographers. NOAA/NODC will have to review the data products becoming available from DOD sources and determine which are appropriate to archive. � NODC should pursue opportunities to coordinate and collaborate with the Sea Grant Institutions. Sea Grant Marine Advisory Service agents may provide a bridge to Ahe holders of "shoebox" data sets. Sea Grant communicates effectively with its constituents in the academic, state and local government, and private sector communities. This connection may provide a gateway to data sets in these communities. Also, NODC should partner with the Sea Grant Program Directors to gain access to the funds provided to the Directors for coastal data and information management. � As a community, we will have to work "smarter" and in concert to prepare systems and protocols to utilize the anticipated data streams from the exciting new observation and data collection instruments being developed. Satellite photogarnmetry, ocean color remote sensing, NEXRAD data, and real-time output from hundreds of future coastal observation buoys may provide an overwhelming cascade of data by early in the next century. Future data needs will also include some non- traditional data types such as new, improved, proxy indicators of coastal ocean ecosystem health. New technologies should be employed in developing our national systems to address the requirements created by these emerging technologies. Training, Education, and Outreach � Periodic regional workshops following the model of this national one should be conducted. Topics for future workshops included: identification of priority coastal issues; addressing multi-institutional issues; further discussion on the roles of libraries; obtaining user feedback on formats and QA/QC; and focusing on applications addressing specific high priority issues. � A "Swat Team," perhaps jointly created by NODC, CSC,. and Sea Grant, could be developed to travel to various scientific meetings to provide training workshops on metadata, quality control, and data access tools. As many as seven or eight thousand scientists, graduate students, and technicians attend the annual American Geophysical Union meetings. Thousands of other investigators come to the American Society of Limnology and Oceanography, The Oceanography Society, Coastal Zone, and Marine Technology Society meetings. These gatherings would present an ideal opportunity for outreach by the National Data Centers, and for communication with coastal communities regarding a common set of protocols for metadata, (tools, standards, FGDC), QA/QC, 12 ArOAA COASTAL OCE,4N DATA WORKSHOP vocabulary, and new access tools. 0 Other training needs, identified in the Workshop included: Geographic Information Systems (GIS), working with remote sen sing data, electronic data retrieval, digitization, data interpretation, photo interpretation, and WEB use. 0 U.S. Territory-based agencies, in particular, expressed needs for technical training .and equipment to enable them.to participate in this effort at the same level as agencies in other regions and sectors. 0 NOAA/NODC should establish rotational positions to provide training for staff from other agencies and organizations. As we enhance management of coastal ocean data, conceptualize new architectures, and develop new products, we must ensure that the requirements of educators and students are considered. Undergraduate science education is evolving away from the use of textbooks, and toward challenging young students with actual applications and problem-solving assignments utilizing real-world data. This revolution in education is also being extended into the K- 12 curricula, as school'systems take advantage of the new access to information provided by the Intemet. Workshop participants pointed out that study of the ocean environment lends itself exceptionally well to this sort of educational approach. Young oceanographers should be made aware of the resources available at the National Data Centers. 0 NOAA/NODC should seek out opportunities for cooperation with minority institutions in securing, processing and rescuing coastal ocean data. The Historically Black Colleges and UniversitiesMA program could serve as a platform for this effort. 4 Although NOAA/NODC should initially focus its coastal ocean data management activities on the U.S., strategies for global coastal ocean data management should also be pursued in the near future. 13 APPENDICES APPENDLX NOAA COASTAL OCE4N DATA WORKSHOP APPENDIX A LIST OF WORKSHOP PARTICIPANTS 5/30/97 ADDRESSES NODC Coastal Ocean Data Workshop REGION STATE SECTOR LAST NAME FIRST NAME MI TITLE/AFFILIATION ADDRESS CITY ZIP CODE PHONE FAX E-MAIL East CT Academia Monahan Edward Director, Connecticut Sea Grant, University 1084 Shennecossett Road Groton 06340 860-405-9110 860-405-9109 [email protected] of Connecticut East DE Academia Price Kent MAS Leader, Delaware Sea Grant College 700 Pilottown Road Lewes 19958 302-645-4256 302-645-4007 [email protected] East FL Academia Collins John University of Miami, Electrical and Computer 406 McArthur Bldg., Code 0640 Coral Gables 33124-0640 305-284-5566 [email protected] Engineering East FL FederaVNOAA Hendee Jim NOAA/AOML, R/E/AO/OCD 4301 Rickenbaker Cswy Miami 33149-1026 305-361-4396 305-361-4392 [email protected] East FL Federal/Navy Venezia William Senior Technical Representative, Naval 8010 North Ocean Drive Dania 33004-3033 954-926-4009 venazia@sftfdt. navy. mil Surface Warfare Ctr. South FL Testing Facility East GA Academia Marshall Livingston Professor, Clarke Atlanta University, Atlanta 30314 404-880-8853 404-880-6181 [email protected] Department of Biology East GA State Stevens Stuart Georgia Dept. of Natural Resources, Coastal 1 Conservation Way, Suite 300 Brunswick 31520-8687 912-264-7218 912-262-3143 [email protected] Zone Management Program East GA Federal/NOAA Bohne Read Manager, Gray's Reef National Marine 10 Ocean Science Circle Savannah 31411 912-598-2345 rbohne@ocean. nos. noaa. gov Sanctuary East MA Academia Pederson Judith MIT Sea Grant College Program 292 Main Street, E38-300 Cambridge 02139 617-252-1741 617-252-1615 [email protected] East MA Federal/USGS Signell Richard tTSGS -WoodsAole 384 Woods Hole Road Woods Hole 02543-1598 508-457-2229 [email protected] East MA Federal/USGS Butman Brad USGS Woods Hole, Branch of Atlantic 384 Woods Hole Road Woods Hole 02543-1598 508-457-2212 [email protected] Marine Geology East MA Private Remsen David Marine Biological Laboratory 7 MBL Street Woods Hole 02543 508-289-7441 East MD Academia D'Elia Christopher F. Director, Maryland Sea Grant College College Park 20742 301405-6371 301-314-9581 [email protected] Program; also affil. with Chesapeake Biological Laboratory East MD Academia Boesch Donald F University of Maryland P.O. Box 775, 0122 Skinner Hall Cambridge 21613 410-228-9250 410-228-3843 [email protected] East NC Academia Shepard Andrew Science Director, ReFl. Undersea Research 7205 Wrightsville Ave. Wilmington 28403-7224 1-800-862-9872 910-256-8856 [email protected] Center, University of North Carolina - Wilmington East NC Private Waddell Van SAIC 615 Oberlin Road, Ste 300 Raleigh 27605 919-832-7242 919-832-7243 [email protected] East NC State Nagy Zsolt NC Ctr. Geographic Information & Analysis 115 Hillsborough Street Raleigh 27603 919-733-2090 919-733-2090 [email protected] East NH Academia Brown Wendell E Director, Ocean Process Analysis Institute for the Study of Earth, Durham 03824 603-862-3505 603-862-0243 [email protected] Laboratory, University of New Hampshire Oceans and Space, Morse Hall East NJ Academia Grassle J. Frederick Inst. of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Cook P.O. Box 231, Old Blake Hall New Brunswick 08903-0231 908-932-6555 x540 908-932-8578 [email protected] College Campus, Rutgers Univ. East RI Academia Comillon Peter University of Rhode Island, Graduate School South Ferry Road Narragansett 02882 401-874-6283 [email protected] of Oceanography East RI Private Anderson Eric Applied Science Associates and Graduate 70 Dean Knauss Drive Narragansett 02882-1143 401-789-6224 4010789-1932 [email protected] School of Oceanography, URI I East SC Academia Porter Dwayne Director, Geographic Information Processing Columbia 29208 803-7774615 803-7778769 [email protected] Lab. and Research Assistant Professor, Belle W. Baruch Institute for Marine Biology and Coastal Research and the Marine Science Program. University of South Carolina East SC State Van Dolan Bob Assistant Director, Marine Resources P.O. Box 12559 Charleston 29422 803-762-5048 803-762-5110 [email protected] Research Institute Great Lakes M! Federal/COE Thieme Scott Hydrologic Engineer, U.S. y Corps of 477 Michigan Ave. Detroit 48226 313-226-4886 3113-226-2398 [email protected] Engineers, Detroit District Great Lai7es Ml FederaVGLERL Reid Dave NOAA/GLERL ' 2205 Commonwealth Blvd. Ann Arbor -48105-2945 313-741-2019 313-741-2003 [email protected] GreatLakes Ml FedersVUSGS Frank Tony USGS, BRD, Great Lakes ence Center 1451 Green Road Ann Arbor 48105 313-994-3331 x263 313-994-8780 [email protected] Great Lakes Ml Private Leonard Dennis Principal Engineer, Detroit Edison Company 2000 2nd Avenue Detroit 48226 313-235-8714 Great Lakes NY Academia Brandt Steve Director, Great Lakes Can Buffalo State HC 2115 Classroom Bldg., 1300 Buffalo 14222 716-878-4329 716-8784009 [email protected] College I Elmwood Ave. GreatLakes OH State Rupert John Coastal Management Sectidn, Ohio 1952 Belcher Dr., Fountain Columbus 43224 614-265-6415 614-2674764 [email protected] Department of Natural Reso,Urces Square, Bldg C4 Great Lakes W Academia Andren Anders Director, Wisconsin Sea Grant Colle .9e 1800 University Avenue Madison 53705 608-262-0905 608-263-2063 [email protected] Program, University of Wscbnsin - Madison I Great Lakes W Academia Edgington David N Center for Great Lakes Studies, Great Lakes Box 413 Milwaukee 53201 414-382-1708 414-382-1705 Research Facility, Universo of Wisconsin, Milwaukee Great Lakes W State Pohlman John Wisconsin Natural Heritage Inventory, P.O. Box 7921 Madison 53707 608-264-6263 [email protected] Nsconsin Department of Nkural Resources I Gulf AL Academia Schroeder William W Marine Science Program, University of P.O. Box 369 Dauphin Island 36528 334-861-7528 334-861-7540 [email protected] Alabama i Gulf AL Federal/FWS Goldman Larry Federal Co-Chair, Habitat L),egradation Issue P.O. 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Jsv, edu Studies Institute 3ulf LA Federal/MMS Froomer Norman Minerals Management Service, co-chair Gulf 1201 Elmwood Park Blvd. New Orleans 70123 504-736-2782 x2782 504-736-2631 [email protected] of Mexico Program Data a id Information Transfer Committee I I Gulf IVIS Academia Felton Mack Coordinator HBCU/MIA, Gi If of Mexico Building 1103, Room 202 Stennis Space Center 39529-6000 601-688-7121 601-688-2109 Felton. Mac@EPAMAI L. EPA.gov Program Gulf MS Federal/Navy Waterreus J.J. N3C, Naval Meteorology at d Oceanography 1020 Balch Blvd. Stennis Space Center 39528-5005 601-688-5159 601-688-5332 n3c%n3%cnmoc@comis. cnmoc. navy. mil Command z Gulf IVIS Federal/Navy Haeger Steve Naval Oceanographic Offic), OTT Stennis Space Center 39522-5001 601-6884457 Gulf IVIS Federal Herron Rex Gulf of Mexico Program Building 1103 Stennis Space Center 39529 601-688-7008 601-688-2709 [email protected] Gulf TX Federal/NOAA Gittings Steve Flower Garden Banks NMS 216 West 26 Street, Ste I D4 Bryan 77803 409-779-2705 409-779-2334 [email protected] Island AS Territorial Peau- Lelei Government of American Samoa, Office of Pago Pago 96799 011-684-633-5155 684-633-4195 [email protected] Development Planning, Coastal Program Manager Island UMI Territorial Gilman Eric L CNMI Office of the Governor PPP 17l, Box 10000 Saipan 96950-9505 011-670-664-2238 011-670-664-2390 [email protected] Island CNMI Territorial Burr Susan Division of Environmental Quality, CNMI PPP 171, Box 10000 Saipan 96950-9505 011-670-234-1011 Oli-670-234-1003 [email protected] Island GU Academia Matson Ernest A University of Guam Station Wangilao 96923 011-671-735-2176 011-671-734-6767 [email protected] Island GU Territorial Lujan Evangeline Bureau of Planning, Geographic Information P.O. Box 2590 Agana 96932 671-472-4201 671-477-1812 [email protected] Systems Manager Island PR Academia Grove Kurt University of Puerto Rico, Sea Grant College P.O. Box 5000 Mayaguez 00681-5000 787-832-3585 [email protected] Program Island PR Territorial Gonzalez Carmen Manager, Jobos Bay NERR Call Box B Aquirre 00704 787-853-4617 787-853-4618 [email protected] Island LISVI Academia Watlington Roy Eastern Caribbean Center, University of the St. Thomas 00802 809-693-1028 809-693-1025 [email protected] Virgin Islands Island LISVI Territorial Kojis Barbara Division of Fish and Wildlife. Dept. Planning 6291 Estate Nazareth 101 St. Thomas 00802-1104 809-775-6762 809-775-3792 and Natural Resources Island US" NGO Towle Ed Island Resources Foundation 6296 Estate Nazareth No. 11 St. Thomas 00802-1104 809-775-6225 [email protected] West AK Academia Hills Susan School of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences, Fairbanks 99775-7220 [email protected] University of Alaska - Fairbanks West CA Academia -Sherman Douglas Director, University of Southern California University Park Los Angeles 90089-0373 213-740-1961 213-740-5936 [email protected] Sea Granit Program, Hancock Institute of Marine Studies West CA State DiPietro Deanne California Environmental Resources goo N. St. Suite 250 Sacramento 9S814 916-653-8614 916-654-5829 [email protected] Evaluation System (CERES), California Resources Agency West CA State yap Jason California Coastal Commission 45 Fremont Street, Suite 1940 San Francisco 94105-2219 415-904-5468 415-904-5400 West CA Academia Harms Sabine Center for Coastal Studies, 0209, Scrip s La Jolla 92093-0209 619-534-2143 619-534-0300 [email protected] 'pr Institute of Oceanography, University California, San Diego West CA Academic Helly John San Diego Suter Computing Center, La Jolla 92093-0505 619-534-0505 a University of alifornia, San Diego 9500 Gilman Dr. West CA Federal/NMFS Boehlert George NMFS Southwest Fisheries Science Center. 1352 Lighthouse Ave. Pacific Grove 93950-2097 408-648-8447 [email protected] Pacific Environmental Group West OR State Dana Randy Oregon Department of Land Conservation 800 NE Oregon Street #18 1 Portland 97232 503-7314065 x3l 503-731-4068 [email protected] and Development 11 West WA Federal/NOAA Bowlby Edward Olympic Coast National Marine Sanctuary 138 West First Street Port Angeles 98362 206-5264147 West WA Federal/NOAA Megrey Bernard NOAA, National Marine Fisheries Service, 7600 Sand Point Way, NE Seattle 981'15 360457-6622 360457-8496 ebowlby@orean. nos. noaa.gov Alaska Fisheries Science Center West WA Private Crecelius Eric Technical Group Manager, Marine Chemistry 1529 West Sequim Bay Road Sequim 98382-9099 360-681-3604 360-681-3699 [email protected] and Ocean Processes, Battelle Pacific Northwest Division, Marine Sciences Laboratory West WA State Dzinbal Ken Manager, Ambient Monitoring Section, 300 Desmond Dr., P.O. Box Olympia 98504 360407-6672 [email protected] Washington Dept. of Ecology 47710 West WA State Newton Jan Washington Dept. of Ecology 300 Desmond Dr., P.O. Box Olympia 98504 360407-6675 [email protected] 47710 West WA Federal/NOAA Small Jane N Alaska Fisheries Science Center 4000 SW Holgate Seattle 98116 206-933-6662 206-933-8741 [email protected]. net NOAA Folks: MD Scavia Don Director, NOAA Coastal Ocean Program, 1315 East West Highway Silver Spring 20910 301-713-3338 'NCOP, SSMC3, Rm. 15`147 MD Cammen Leon NOAA National Sea Grant Program, R/OR1, 1315 East West Highway Silver Spring 20910 301-713-2435 SSMC3, Rm. 11805 MD Crosby Michael Office of Pcean and 1305 East West Highway Silver Spring 20910 301-713-3155 x144 [email protected] =M=nagement, WORM, SSMC4, Rm. 11536 IVID Monaco Mark NOAA Office of Ocean KOWUrQeS, 1305 East West Highway silver Spring 20910 301-713-3000 xI 89 Conservation and Assessment, 'N/ORCA14, SSMC4, Rm. 9409 1 SC Davidson Margaret Director, NOAA Coastal Services Center 2234 South Hobson Avenue Charleston 29405-2413 803-974-6220 [email protected] SC Afterman-Robinson Jennet NOAA Coastal SeWces -Center 2234 South Hobson Avenue Charleston 29405-2413 803-974-6210 [email protected] SC Miglarese Anne NOAA Coastal Services Center 2234 South Hobson Avenue Charleston 29405-2413 803-974-6230 [email protected] SC Ball Anne NOAA Coastal Services Center 2234 South Hobson Avenue Charleston 29406-2413 803-974-6229 [email protected] MD Reaves Robert NOAA, NWS, Office of Meteorology W/OM21, SSMC2, Rm. 13148 Silver Spring 20910 301-713-1970 711 i MD Winokur Robert S. NOAA, Assistant Administrator ior Satellite NOAA Federal Bldg. 4, Rm. Suitland 20233 301457-5115 and Intormation Services 2069, 4401 Suitland Road NC Quayle Robert Chief, Global Climate Laboratory, NOAA 151 Patton Ave. Asheville 28801-6001 704-271-4245 [email protected] National Climatic Data Center ! I MD Miller Chris NOAA, Environmental information Service, 1315 East West Highway Silver Spring 20910 301-713-1264 E/Ell, Rm. 15531 MD Stone Robert E/SP, NOAA Science Center - WWB, Rm. 5200 Auth Road Camp Springs 207464304 301-763-8142 xI 34 510 IVID Barrientos Celso E/RA3, NOAA Science Center -VWVB, Rm. 6200 Auth Road Camp Springs 207464304 301-763-8102 711D CO Hittelman AJlen NOAA, National Geophysical D@ta Center, 325 Broadway Boulder 80303-3328 303497-6215 303497-6513 [email protected] E/GC I CO Sharman George NOAA, National Geophysical Difta Center, 325 Broadway Boulder 80303-3328 303-497-6345 303497-6513 E/GC QO Holcombe Troy NOAA, National Geophysical Data Center, 325 Broadway Boulder 80303-3328 303-497-6390 EIGC MD Frey Henry l1rector, NOAA National Oceanographic 1315 East West Highway Silver Spring 20910 301-713-3270 [email protected] Data Center, E/OC, SSMC3, 4th Floor MD Fauquet Ronald Deputy Director, NOAA, National 1315 East West Highway Silver Spring 20910 301-713-3267 xI 98 [email protected] Oceanographic Data Center I MD Hamilton Douglas NOAA, National Oceanographici Data Center 1315 East West Highway Silver Spring 20910 301-713-3272 x1 19 [email protected] MD Abram Richard NOAA National Oceanographic. Data Center 1315 East West Highway Silver Spring 20910 301-713-3279 x159 [email protected] MD Conkright Margarita NOAA, National Oceanographic I'Data Center 1315 East West Highway Silver Spring 20910 301-713-3290 x193 [email protected] MD Grimes Dons NOAA, National Oceanographic Data Center 1315 East West Highway Silver Spring 20910 301-713-2607 [email protected],gov MD Cohen Roz NOAA, National Oceanographic Data Center 1315 East West Highway Silver Spring 20910 301-713-3267 x146 301-713-3300 [email protected] MD Sun Charles NOAA National Oceanographic ata Center 1315 East West Highway Silver Spring 20910 301-713-3272 [email protected] HI Caldwell Pat NOAA, National Oceanographic Pata Center, 1000 Pope Road, Rm. 316 Honolulu 96816 808-956-4105 [email protected] Hawaii Liaison Office University.. of Hawaii, Marine Science Bran@@ I FL Crane Mike NOAA, National OceanographicjData Center, 4301 Rickenbaker Causeway Miami 33149 305-361-4305 [email protected] Southeast Liaison Office, AOMV I CA Hall Norm NOAA, National Oceanographic'Data Center, 8604 La Jolla Shores Drive, La Jolla 92037 619-546-7110 [email protected] Southwest Liaison Office P.O. Box 271 MA Heimerdinger George NOAA, National Oceanographic Data Center, Woods Hole 02543 508-289-2497 [email protected] Northeast Liaison Office, McLeah Laboratory, Woods Hole Ocean raphic institution WA Stillwaugh Sid NOAA, National Oceanographic Data Center, Bldg, 3, Rm. 2094, 7600 Sand Seattle 98115 206-526-6263 sstiII%[email protected] Northwest and Alaska Liaison Office Point Way Others: Fl. Schwartz Daniel Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institution (on 5600 U.S. I North Fort Pierce 34946 561-465-2400 x654 [email protected] assignment at CORE in Washington DC) FL Shepherd Robert J. Senior Consultant, Harbor Branch 20823 Nettleton Street Orlando 32833 407-568-8157 [email protected] Oceanographic Institution R1 Leinen Margaret Dean, Graduate School of Oceanography, South Ferry Road Narragansett 02882 401-874-6222 University of Rhode Island RI Hinge Ken Assistant Dean, Graduate School of South Ferry Road Narragansett 02882 401-874-6888 401-874-6889 [email protected] Oceanography, University of Rhode Island NJ Abel Robert 55 du-een Anne Drive Shrewsbury 07702 908-842-3551 APPENDLX NOAA COASTAL OCF_AN DATA WORKSHOP APPENDIX B WORKSHOP AGENDA NOAA Coastal Ocean Data Workshop Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institution (HBOI) Fort Pierce, Florida March 11-13, 1997 Sponsored by: NOAAtNESDIS National Oceanographic Data Center (NODC); NOAAtNOS Coastal Services Center (CSC); NOAA Coastal Ocean Program (COP), and the University of Rhode Island Graduate School of Oceanography (GSO) 1. Preparation and Background for the Workshop - Participants will receive a package of background material and a detailed agenda at least two weeks prior to the workshop.. - Participants are encouraged to prepare written concepts for discussion in Working Session 3 on joint ventures. - Each workshop session will include a facilitator, an NODC rapporteur/resource person, and an NODC regional Liaison Officer. 2. The Workshop Day 0 - March 10. 1997 9:00 -4:30 Meefing of Workshop Facilitators and Conveners Open Arrival of Participants and Check-in at Hotels 5:00 - 7:00 P.M. Registration for Workshop at Hotel Desks 7:00 - 9:00 P.M. Dinner meeting for all NESDIS participants, facilitators, and HBOI coordinators - Convene in the lobby of the Vero Beach Inn Day I - March 11, 1997 APPENDIX NOAA COASTAL OCEAN DATA WORKSHOP 7:30 - 8:30 AM Continental Breakfast and Registration at HBOI 8:30 - 10:10 AM Plenary 1 1. 8:30 - 8:40 A.M. Welcome and Introduction: Dr. Henry R. Frey, Director, NODC 2. '8:40 - 9:00 A.M. Welcome Address: Mr. Robert S.. Winokur, Assistant Administrator for Satellite and Information Services, NOAA 3. 9000 - 9:20 A.M. Coastal Ocean Data - Setting the Agenda: Dr. Henry R. Frey 4. 9:20 - 9:50 A.M. Priorities for Coastal Ecosystem Science: Dr. Donald F. Boesch, President, University of Maryland Center for Environmental and Estuarine Studies 5. 9:50-10:10 A.M. Instructions and Questions: Captain Daniel S. Schwartz, HBOI 10:10 - 10:30 A.M. Break 10:30 - 12:30 P.M. Working Group Session I- Identification of Data Required to Address National and Regional Coastal Ocean Issues and Scientific Research Priorities Five working groups will form: East Coast, Islands (including U.S. Virgin Islands, Puerto Rico, American Samoa, Guam, Northern Mariana Islands, and Hawaii), West Coast (including Alaska), Gulf of Mexico, and the Great Lakes. Each regional group will: 1. Briefly review the major national and regional coastal issues/problems already identified by National Research Council, Subcommittee on U.S. Coastal Ocean Science, Regional Marine Research Program Boards, etc.; and the major scientific priority research areas which address these issues (refer to NRC report in package of background material). 2. Identify historical and contemporary data and information (those coastal data sets already archived by NODC are summarized in the NODC report in package of background material) which NODC should acquire to support research, management, and decision-making addressing these issues and priority research areas. Note: Cross-cutting issu es (e.g., data quality and format standards, data sharing and APPENDU NOAA COASTAL OCEAN DATA WORKSHOP accessibility, data integration and product development) will be covered in the next working group session. 12:30 - 1:30 PM Lunch - Speaker and Topic Margaret A. Davidson, Director, NOAA Coastal Se 'rvices Center; Coastal Ocean Data - Information for Decision Making 1:30 - 2:40 PM Working Group Session I (continued) 2:40 - 3:00 PM Break 3:00 - 4:20 PM Plenary 2 A representative from each group will provide a 10-minute summary of the group's report; and about 30 minutes of general discussion and questions will follow. 4:30 - TBD P.M. Debrief (Executive Board Room) Sponsors, facilitators, rapporteurs will review the results of Day 1. 5:00 - 8:00 P.M. Social Hour and Dinner - Speaker and Topic Dr. Robert B. Abel - Data Handling from Ante Dilluvian Times to the Year 2010 Day 2 - March 12.1997 7:30 - 8:30 A.M. Continental Breakfast at HBOI 8:30 - 10:15 A.M. Working Group Session 2 - Specific Data and Information Requirements Five working groups will be formed. Four of the groups will include scientists, divided up along disciplinary lines - biological, chemical, geological, and physical. The fifth group will include managers and decision-makers. The technical data and information specialists will be distributed* among all of the groups. Each of the four disciplinary groups will discuss data and information requirements regarding: APPEAUX NOAA COASTAL OCEAAr DATA WORKSHOP -data/parameter types, units, levels of precision and accuracy, levels and types of quality control; -metadata and supporting documentation; -national and international data and metadata format, content, exchange standards; -search and retrieval capabilities of the data and metadata systems; and -means of access to data and information systems, platforms, media. The fifth group will discuss data and information requirements regarding: - search and retrieval requirements for systems -means of access to data and information systems, platforms, media; -turnaround time for requests; -visualization/display, analytical, and conversion tools, and -data, information, and synthesis products. 10:15 - 10:35 A.M. Break 10:35 - 12:00 Noon Working Group Session 2 (continued) 12:00 - 1:00 P.M. Lunch - Speaker and Topic Dr. Margaret Leinen, Dean of the Graduate School of Oceanography and Vice Provost for Marine Programs at the University of Rhode Island; Coastal Ocean Data - the University Perspective 1:00 - 2:20 P.M. Plenary 3 Summary report from each Working Group on requirements - 10 minutes per group, plus 30 minutes for general discussion and questions. 2:20 - 2:40 P.M. Break 2:40 - 4:40 P.M. Working Group Session 3 - Implementation of the Recommendations through Partnerships and Cooperative Ventures Four new working groups were convened by sector with respect the stakeholders' data capabilities and needs. These are Data and Information Systems; State, Territory and Local Governments; Military, Classified or Proprietary and Industrial Databases; and iv APPENDIX NOAA COASTAL OCEAN DATA WORKSHOP Sea Grant, Universities, and the "Shoebox" Data Set Creators Custodians. These final four groups are to: Share information about existing coastal data and information management activities, since a number of efforts in this area have been initiated. Then propose potential partnerships, joint projects, cooperative efforts, and modifications to existing programs to implement the requirements and recommendations developed in the first two working sessions. Identify potential sources of resources to support the activities, responsible parties, organizations, other project details-etc. If any participants prepared written proposals, this session is the place to present and discuss them. 4:45 - TBD P.M. Debrief (Executive Board Room) Sponsors, facilitators, rapporteurs will review the results of Day 2. 5:00 - 8:00 PM Social Hour and Working Dinner - Speaker and Topic TBD Day 3 - March 13.1997 7:30 - 8:30 A.M. Continental Breakfast at HBOI 8:30 - 10:00 A.M. Plenary 4 Reports from each working group - 10 minutes each, plus 20 minutes for discussion and questions. 10:00 - 10:20 A.M. Break 10:20 - 12:00 Noon Plenary 5 Wrap-up and Action Items AdJourn APPENDLX ]VO-4A COASTAL OCEA N DATA WOWHOP APPENDIX C LIST OF BACKGROUND AND REFERENCE MATERIALS 1. Biological Resources Division (U.S. Geological Survey) - National Biological Information Infrastructure Biological Metadata Standard - hot link from workshop home page. 2. Collins, E., Woods, M., Sheifer, I.C., and Beattie, J., 1994, Bibliography ofSelected Synthesis Documents on Selected Coastal Ocean Topics, NOAA Coastal Ocean Program Decision Analysis Series No. 3 - copies mailed to participants; hot link from workshop home page. 3. Committee on Environment and Natural Resources Research, 1996, Our Changing Planet - The FY 199 7 U.S. Global Change Research Program. - hot link from workshop home page. 4. Federal Geographic Data Committee Home Page - Information on development of national standards for selected types of data and metadata - hot link from workshop home page. 5. Interagency Taxonomic Information System - on-line database of taxonomic information on flora and fauna from terrestrial and aquatic habitats - hot link from workshop home page. 6. International Coral Reef Initiative - hot link from workshop home page. 7. National Oceanographic Data Center Data Submission Guidelines - hot link from workshop home page. 8. National Oceanographic Data Center Data, 1997, Inventory of US. Coastal Ocean Data - Summaries ofData Sets availablefrom the US. National Oceanographic Data Center - copies mailed to participants. 9. National Research Council, 1994, Prioritiesfor Coastal Ecosystem Science - copies mailed to participants; hot link from the workshop home page. 10. National Research Council, 1995, Understanding Marine Biodiversity - hot link from workshop home page. i APPENDIX NOAA COASTAL OCEAN DATA WORKSHOP 11. Subcommittee on U.S. Coastal Ocean Science, 1995, Setting a New Coursefor US. Coastal Ocean Science, Final Report - hot link from workshop home page. APPENDIX Af0AA COASTAL OCEAAr DATA WORKSHOP APPENDIX D LIST OF PROPOSALS SUBMITTED 1. Rescuing selected historical Puget Sound hydrographic data - Washington Department of Ecology 2. Combining ocean color data and discrete chlorophyll a data to assess eutrophication in Washington State marine waters - Washington Department of Ecology 3. Characterization of oceanic input to Puget Sound for use in assessing water quality - Washington Department of Ecology 4. Physical circulation measurements to support a Puget Sound regional synthesis model - Washington Department of Ecology 5. NODC rotational program in coastal oceanography - NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service, Pacific Fisheries Environmental Group APPENDIX NOAA COA STA L OCEAN DATA WORKSHOP APPENDIX E . NOTES FROM WORKING GROUP SESSIONS APPENDIX NOAA COASTAL OCEAN DATA WORKSHOP GEOGRAPHICAL WORKING GROUP SESSION NOTES REPORT FROM THE EAST COAST WORKING GROUP PARTICIPANTS: Facilitator: D. S. Schwartz Rapporteurs: M. Conkright and G. Heimerdinger Edward Monahan, Kent Price, John Collins, William Venezia, Livingston Marshall, Stuart Stevens, Reed Bohne, Judith Pederson, Richard Signell, Brad Butman, David Remsen, Christopher D'Elia, Donald Boesch, Van Waddell, Zsolt Nagy, Wendell Brown, J. Frederick Grassle, Peter Comillon, Bob Van Dolah, John Ogden, Steve Haeger 1. INTRODUCTION The working group began by identifying a the members in the group, their affiliations, and their specific interests and background related to coastal oceanography. This group represented a -cross section of federal, state, and private interests around the East Coast of the United States. 11. GENERAL ISSUES Several issues of general interests were immediately identified such as: 1. Identify non-traditional data types such as: a. data needed for predictive systems (model validation) meteorology, historical data, ocean color b. proxy indicators - how do you measure health? c. surf zone/nearshore fluxes - critical for coastal models 2. Identify international coastal data with an emphasis on US coastal waters first, then as an eventual component of GOOS - albeit with a coastal data emphasis. 3. Even though this would anticipate discussions in a subsequent session, the group felt the identification of user needs was not as critical as the quality of the data. For example, when studying non-indigenous species,.data quality is important in identifying the absence of species. Related to this is a need for a taxa census. In addition, there is also a statistical need to filter outliers in such data sets as STORET to make them useful.. i APPENDIX NOAA COASTAL OCEAN DATA WORKSHOP 4. The need to distinguish between historical and real time data. 5. There is a need to identify sources of information - e.g. location of Gulf Stream. III. MAJOR DATA TYPES The group identified the following data types as important for coastal studies: bathymetry (need for precise bathymetric data - e.g. for the Gulf of Maine) sediment issues (sediment texture and contaminants) shoreline defirtition suspended particles circulation (currents) fishery dependent and independent (fishery data) hydrography (temperature/salinity/oxygen/nutrients) productivity/chlorophyll marine mammaWendangered species geo-referenced human use patterns (shipping lanes, coastal use) habitats (fisheries, benthic, nursery grounds) coastal atmospheric components (deposition, forcing) IV. PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED WITH COASTAL DATA The group identified the following problems associated with existing data sets: 1. incomplete work on characteristics of the sediments (e.g. sediment texture) 2. many bathymetry sources and formats - there is a need to make NOAA databases consistent, e.g. single definition or reference point for demarking coastline 3. different government. definitions of "shoreline" 4. flexibility of data management, metadata inclusion 5. scalar problem - local vs regional vs larger scale studies need partnerships to resolve local to regional issues V. SUMMARY OF DATA NEEDS 1. Basic/fundamental datasets bathymetry, shoreline, sediment texture land use cover 2. Datasets for model forcing and validation meteorology, ocean color APPENDLX NOAA COASTAL OCEAN DATA WORKSHOP 3. Long term and historical datasets 4., Sources, loadings, point discharge, atmospheric deposition 5. The need for real time data in studying coastal issues 6. Resource needs: territorial boundaries/lease blocks demographic/economic projections geo-referenced human use patterns 7. Merged databases which are GIS compliant. V1. RECOMMENDATIONS 1. Data identification and availability with an emphasis on local/state data - manuscript data - "shoebox" data. 2. NOAA should indei datasets - researchers should know what is available at federal, state and local agencies - make data useful such as putting it in geographical context to make it useful. Where do you go to find all East Coast data? 3. Applications identify needs for the data taking into account the educational community - current focus in education is problem solving, issue oriented - need to use data in classroom 4. Identify long term datasets and make these a priority 5. NODC link with local/state estuary programs - use these efforts to develop national picture (e.g. National Estuary Program - most have some kind of monitoring program). Need to make these data more. available - provide them with technology, benefits of sharing data. Other links are NEP, NEERS, and the USGS online data on nutrient flux entering the coasts 6. There is a need to understand how, who, and why coastal data are collected - local, private, state agencies - (politics of who, why gathers data). 7. Any new data should be available for rapid access (e.g. satellite altimeter data) - suggestion for linking the data rather than providing the satellite data. DATASETS/East Coast Group - Related to the NRC Coastal Issues List 1. EUTROPHICATION A. EUTROPHICATION EXISTING DATASETS South Fla. Ecosystemand Monitoring System - EPA USGS Water Quality assessment - nutrient loading State Monitoring programs/- water quality - STORET-EPA Chesapeake Bay Program All NEP's Long term (LTER) APPENDU NOAA COA STA L OCEAN DX TA WORKSHOP LMER NERR - National Estuarine ORCA - NOAA - eutrophication assessment - Mid Atlantic - regional data pathway to individual institutions NC Corporate Geographic Database - sources EMAP - EPA NOAA OLLD - tide level - NOS NADP - national acid deposition NMFS trawl data - Citizen/State Volunteer Programs - Baywatch Aerial remote sensing - CSC ODAS Mid Atlantic Lidar Permit discharge data - NPDES Continuous observation systems . Rutgers/1JMd./FIO - Chesapeake Bay Submerged aquatic vegetation surveys Biscayne Bay, Chesapeake Bay B. EUTROPHICATION DATA DEVELOPMENT NEEDS International eutrophication data (global) Atmospheric deposition In-situ monitoring East Coast Data modeling forcing/validation data Inventory of "shoe box" data sets by individual PI's and institutes 11. HABITAT MODIFICATION A. EXISTING National Wetland Inventory - NMFW C-CAP - coastal change analysis center (CSC) SPOT - satellite remote sensing Individual state wetland NAP-DOQQ 404 permits - core of engineers submerged aquatic vegetation surveys (SAV) Habitat mapping and dynamics - South Florida Ecosystem and Sanctuary Monitoring System iv APPENDIX NOAA COASTAL OCEAN DA TA WORKSHOP NMFS trawl data Maps of shellfish closure - Sediment texture - USGS and state agencies Environmental sensitivi ty maps - CSC Bathymetry - NOS/Navy/COE/LJSGS COE/EPA/DAMOS dredge disposal Endangered species habitats MMS OCS studies of habitat modification B. NEEDED Nursery areas - fishery natural resources Regional sea floor characterization COE EIS statements for past/future projects Fine scale bathymetry Obstacles to natural migration Ill. HYDROLOGIC AND HYDRODYNAMIC A. EXISTING local project permit data river flow data COE EIS data competing uses data state temperature/salinity/DO data rainfall data - NOS/NCDC coastal structures (inlet changes, jetty structure) NMFS/state fishery data NFWS water fowl data B.NEEDED high resolution aerial photography - state/counties/private IV. EXPLOITATION OF RESOURCES A. EXISTING NMFS trawl surveys state fisheries surveys v APPENDLX NOAA COA STA L OCF-4 N DA TA WORKSHOP catch and landing data fishing effect data coastal mining - mineral resources beach re-nourishment Seamap/MMS data USGS side scan MMS/OCS. Virtual population data - NMFS State shellfish survey human use data (recreation, onshore/offshore boating activities) B.NEEDED NMFS trawl surveys - difficult to access State fisheries surveys - difficult to access V. TOXIC EFFECTS A. EXISTING NST - NOS national status and trends EMAP - EPA/NOAA Corps permit data (COE) STORET-EPA Toxic substances library NEP Basic sediment quality/texture - state, federal OC, %fine grain material State monitoring programs NPDES TOXNET - toxic release inventory (Nat. Library of Medicine) SARA- B.NEEDED Pesticide uses inventory - USDA/EPA Atmospheric loading EPA Great Waters program Regional Sediment quality Real-time vi APPENDIX NOAA COA STA L OCF,4 N DATA WORKSHOP 44coastal canaries" VI. INTRODUCTION OF NONINDIGENOUS SPECIES A. EXISTING ballast water studies circulation/hydrodynamic data B. NEEDED species inventory data VII. GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE AND VARIABILITY A. EXISTING historical archives paleo data B. NEEDED ice core gases data - NSF data sets for modeling inventory of "shoebox" data Vill. SHORELINE EROSION A. EXISTING hydrologic/hydrodynamic data datasets associated with particular events shoreline erosion data NBS continuous beach surveys COE databases NOS tide gauge data storm track data - Nat. hurricane center wave data - NDBC vii APPENDLX NOAA COASTAL OCEAN DATA WORKSHOP B.NEEDED shoreline definition time-series now casting data Lidar IX. PATHOGENS A. MUSUNG health dep"ents boards of health/state agencies shellfish monitoring at state level viii APPENDIX NOAA COASTAL OCEAN DATA WORKSHOP REPORT FROM THE GREAT LAKES WORKING GROUP PARTICIPANTS: Facilitator: A. Andren Rapporteurs: R. Abram and S. Stillwaugh Scott Thieme, Dave Reid, Tony Frank, Dennis Leonard, Steve Brandt, John Rupert, David Edgington, John Pohlman. Summary: - All of the issues in the NRC report are important in the Great Lakes region, although the relative priority varies from region to region and take to lake. - Because of the "Water Quality Agreement" between the United States and Canada, a number of coordinated efforts have addressed issues focussed on water levels, water quality, and ecological effects. These effects have in large measure been recommended by the International Joint Commission (IJC), which recommends action to the two parties. The Great Lakes Fisheries Commission and Great Lakes Commission are also responsible for the coordination of efforts regarding environmental resources. - Detailed lake level records exist, which together with meteorological and physical lake data, serve as a powerful tool by which to examine possible effects that would result from perturbations in the hydrologic cycle (i.e., global climate issues). - The Great Lakes are basically enclosed systems with hydraulic residence times ranging from 3 years to 1809 years. This topological configuration permits mass balance approaches as an aid in studying the flow of water and chemicals. - As an observation by the Great Lakes group, it was noted that there would be tremendous benefits if more databases were available for integration into metadata. EUTROPHICATION EXISTING: Inputs (Rivers) - State DNRs (e.g., Ohio EPA) - IJC (D. Dolan) - USGS/NAWQA - Canada: Database (STAR) CCIW (Ontario, Erie) - Metro sewage districts ix APPENDLX NOAA COASTAL OCEAN DATA WORKSHOP Inputs (Atmosphere): - Great Lakes National Program Office (GLNPO) - Environment Canada (Integrated Atmospheric Deposition Network - Ray Hoff) - EPA (Natl. Atmospheric Deposition Network) In-Lake: - GLNPO (Glenn Warren) - IJC (D. Dolan) - Canada Center for Inland Waters (CCIW - Ora Johansen) - NOAA/GLERL - COE (Dave Reid, Data Rescue) - Nearshore municipal water intakes (Al Becton - Report) - Other intakes - Remote sensing (e.g., CZCS, AVHRR, ADEOS, SEAWIFS) NEEDS: - New models, review loading, e.g., Lake Eric) - Remote sensing (need for better interpretation) - In situ high resolution - Lake surveys HABITAT MODIFICATION EXISTING: - Lake levels (COE, NOS, Canada) - Wetlands (state DNRs, aerial, remote sensing, GIS): need better classification/quality assessment NOAA Hazmat RPI, Nature Conservancy (Sue Crispin), USFWS NatI. Wetlands Inventory (Herman Robinson) - Submerged aquatic vegetation mapping/inventory (now mostly project specific) - Land use/construction (Landsat, SPOT) - State DNRs (GIS) NEEDS: - Better remote sensing - Change in biodiversity/quality change x APPENDIX NOAA COA STA L OCE4 N DATA WORKSHOP Water clarity, SAV, effects of non-indigenous species HYDROLOGIC/HYDRODYNAMIC DISRUPTION EXISTING: - Lake circulation - Localized effects - Model data (derived) - In situ (NOAA/GLERL, only long term data NDBC buoys) - Lake Michigan nearshore (GLERL - Milwaukee, U Wisconsin GLERF) - Watersheds, inflow (USGS, COE) - Episodic events - Water levels NEEDS: - More buoys (in situ needed for ground truth of models) - ADCP data EXPLOITATION OF RESOURCES EXISTING: - Catch statistics (state DNRs, Canada - Tony Frank) - Creel census/sport catch (state DNRs, Canada - Interior) - Research trawls (T. Frank - GL Science Center) - Stocking databases (DNRs, USFWS, GL Fisheries Commission) - Sand/gravel/minerals - Removal records (state geologic surveys, e.g., Ohio) - Lake Erie (Gas - Canada) NEEDS: - Acoustic trawls (extend work in Lake Michigan to other lakes) - Predator assessment TOXIC EFFECTS EXISTING: xi APPENDLX AFOAA COASTAL OCEAN DATA WORKSHOP Levels: - EPA STORET - GLNPO/EPA - Canada - lJC (42 areas of concern) - NOAA Status & Trends - State DNRs - USFWS - COE (sediment) Effects: - USFWS (e.g., reproduction effects, cross bill, tumors) - PCBs (Ongoing Jacobson study of mothers & children) - EPA "Great Waters" report (connect levels and effects) - Saginaw River (Rutherford & Ludwig bird study) - Endocrine disruption (Theo Colbom - birds) Sources: - lJC (Dolan toxic release inventory) - EPA (release vs. deposition) - GLNPO (rivers & atmosphere) - Environment Canada NEEDS: - Data on water changes and concentrations (Lake Michigan work needs to be extended to the other Lakes) - Mercury loadings - Mercury in birds (3 target species) - Bioactive concentration measurements - Mass balance (evasion) NON-INDIGENOUS SPECIES EXISTING: - USFWS - USGS/BRD - Gainesville, FL - Great Lakes Center xii APPENDIX NOAA COASTAL OCEAN DATA WORKSHOP - State DNRs (fish, e.g., goby) - Canada - Ontario Hydro - Purdue University (Web site, Sea Grant) - NY Brockport (Zebra mussel Clearinghouse) - GLERL (Saginaw Bay, Lake St. Clair) - USCG (Ballast water, national database - Smithsonian) - Great Lakes Fish Commission (sea lamprey) NEEDS: - Systematic survey, better overall approach - Early warning system - More emphasis on near-shore, adjacent wetlands - Ecosystem impacts/predictive models GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE EXISTING: - GLERL - thermal structure with thermistor strings (in works) - Meteorological data (NCDC - temperature, precip., ice cover, buoy data) - Lake levels - Paleoclimate/proxy data - Satellite data (SPOT, Landsat, etc.) NEEDS: - Better coordination - Basin wide measurement grid SHORELINE EROSION & SEVERE STORMS EXISTING: - Shoreline survey data (NOS, satellite, aerial surveys) - Property/cadastral survey data/land records - Storm intensity/frequency (NCDC) Dredge records (COE) NEEDS: xiii APPENDU NOAA COASTAL OCEAN DATA WORKSHOP - Shoreline change analysis (via satellite) - Predictive ability xiv APPENDIX NOAA COA STA L 0 CEA N DA TA WOR KSHOP REPORT FROM THE GULF OF MEXICO WORKING GROUP PARTICIPANTS Facilitator: Carney Rapporteurs: D. Hamilton and M. Crane Steve Gittings, Dave Stage, Troy Holcombe, George Henderson, Larry Goldman, Bob Wiseman, J. J. Waterreus, Lee Edmiston, William Schroeder, Mack Felton, Rex Herron, Eric Anderson, Gus Antonini, Mark Monaco, Norman Froomer, Phillip Hinesley, Mark Luther, Doug Hamilton, Mike Crane. Introductions of members in the room Issues: General issue Boundaries Tidal lands to shelf break Tle topic of where is the shore=ward boundary and the ocean boundary was discussed. 1. Habitat Use Loss Assessment Restoration Enhancement Highest category Concern-monitoring not mentioned Identification of habitat 2. Nutrient Inputs Includes contaminants High category 3. Freshwater input Discharge High category 4. Break apart and distribute to Issue 2 and Issue 8. Low category Population stability Cornmercial species and ecosystem scale xv APPENDIX NOAA COASTAL OCEAN DATA WORKSHOP low category 6. Trophic dynamics Links in ecosystem low category 7. Physical modifications Florida doubles survey, recreational boating late 80's NOS to resurvey deep water harbors Highest category Concern - qc of data Data bases: local gov contracts for data collection Source USACE and local 8. Toxic materials Chronic High category 9. Coastal Erosion High category 10. Saltwater intrusion aquifer Low category 11. Catastrophic events all High category 12. Global change sea level, rainfall storminess Low Category 13. Nuisance/exotic species, shrimp virus, range extensions Absolute lowest category Additional data needs Local currents and winds ADCP is possible with met.data xvi APPENDLX NOAA COASTAL OCEAN DATA WORKSHOP Facilitator's Observations on Gulf of Mexico Coastal Data Due to the location of the meeting, the Gulf Coast of Florida was heavily represented, with attendance diminishing rapidly westward. A single Texan was present. When reviewing the NRC coastal priorities, it was evident that habitat change caused the greatest concern. Since the Gulf of Mexico contains a great diversity of habitats, it was to be expected that specific regional interests would vary. The details and data sets identified are given in the session report. It is the purpose of this section to point to three Gulf-wide concerns. 1. Geographic Range of Inter-Region Similarities In many respects the Gulf and Caribbean form a single unit encompassing both the mainland states and islands. Between those states and the islands are a host of nations, island nations, and colonial outposts making this a geopolitically complex region. If NODC chooses to organize regionally, it should be prepared for a multinational effort in the Gulf. The Gulf is also a complex region with extensive reef tracts, mangrove stands, expansive estuaries, the Mississippi-Atchafalaya delta complex, hypersaline lagoons, and many other habitat types either regionally unique or shared with some other regions. In establishing regional centers, NODC bears an obligation of assuring no single habitat or single issue myopia. Understanding coastal issues and coastal habitats in the Gulf and elsewhere is going to be a complex challenge. Simple regional autonomy is actually unlikely to meet complex regional needs. .2. Issue-Based Database Development Can Not Stop at an Arbitrary Shoreline Most habitat change issues deal with a complex ocean-land interface where coastal problems are increasingly seen as connected to watershed processes. For example, canals associated with coastal development are an issue on the Florida coast. Massive land loss is an issue in Louisiana's delta regions. The Gulf of Mexico coast in Louisiana experiences the most rapid apparent sea level rise on Earth. And, Texas has concerns over its extensive barrier islands. NODC would be well served by an effort to determine what types and geographic scales of watershed data should be included. 3. Do Not Ignore Offshore Oil and Gas NOAA is, in some respects, an agency with a peculiar partial mandate. Its focus is the ocean, but it has no mandate for, and only minimal connection to, the offshore oil industry. Minerals Management Service (MMS) in Interior has that resource mandate, but neither MMS or Interior has a particularly strong ocean interests, and have xvii APPENDIX NOAA COASTAL OCEAN DATA WORKSHOP traditionally depended upon NODC for archiving of extensive offshore studies. In this situation one can see signs of both cooperation and diluted effort. With more than 4000 offshore structures off Louisiana and Texas oil and gas issues are extremely important in the Gulf of Mexico. NODC would be well advised to work closely with MMS nationally and within the Gulf The multi-state, multi-institution Gulf-Wide Geographic Information System (GWIS) under development by MMS might serve as a good model of coastal data systems. xviii APPENDIX NOAA COASTAL OCEAN DATA WORKSHOP REPORT FROM THE WEST COAST WORKING GROUP PARTICIPANTS: Facilitator: M. Davidson Rapporteurs: R. Fauquet and N. Hall Participants: Susan Hills, Douglas Sherman, Deanne DiPietro, Jason Yap, Sabine Harms, John Helly, George Boehlert, Randy Dana, Edward Bowlby, Bemard,Megrey, Eric Crecelius, Ken Dzinbal, Jan Newton, Jane Small. 10:44 AM Tuesday Review priority issues Identify existing and historical data sets Doug Sherman (U.S.C. Sea grant Director) Will be the group's "mouthpiece" for reports) Introductions & expectations Review West Coast priorities from NRC report Problem - Addition to priority list: Coast is more thari wetside - watershed, landside, pollution, hazards (seismic & volcanoes) Issues: Eutrophication Habitat modification Hydrodynamic Hazards The above need to be defined in terms of the range of natural variability Is eutrophication a problem? Yes, especially in some local areas. WHAT DATA SETS E)aST and are important to your interests: A. Habitat xix APPENDIX NOAA COA STA L 0 CE4 N DA TA WORKSHOP Shore Birds survey (a NOAA data set of nesting sites) (NOS/SEA Betsy Archer) Hydrographic Surveys, NOAA/NGDC available "Base layer" WA State Dept. of Natural Resources Tom Mumford Tidal, subtidal AK DNR -- Emily Vinion Moss Landing (for Washington data) Rikk Kavitek UAF -- Sid Stillwaugh Washington UW Bob Paine USGS Subtidal BRD Ron Jameson (Corvallis) Pelagic Jan Newton WA DE UW Historical Outer Continental Self SCCWRP Jim Allen (So Cal Coast Water Resources Program) Rita Homer UW Jack Wekell NMFS Seattle U WA Miriam Guichard B. "Critters" Sea birds Ulrich Wilson (WA) Vivian Mendenhall (AK) Roy Lows (OR) Point Reys Bird Observatory Wash. Dept Fish and Wildlife Cris Thom?? Salmon & Steelhead Inventory Washington Dept. Fish and Wildlife Salmon Genetics -- Population Databases Alaska Fish and Wildlife(Also Mammals) Marine Laboratory, Seattle CRIS -- flow. Population xx APPEMDLY NOAA COASTAL 0CE4jV DA TA WORKSHOP Sea Otters USFWS Jim Estes, UC Santa Cruz US Fish and Wildlife, Marine Life Management, Anchorage WA State Dept of Ecology Marine Mammals Management, US Fish/Wildlife Fish Washington F& WL Steve Jeffries OR ODFW Robin Brown CA DFG -- Pete Bonidelli (unsure of spelling) The Nature Conservancy Endangered List Marine Mammals, Smithsonian, James Mead Will Daspit, NMFS, Seattle (Sand Point) International Pac. Halibut Commission. Don McCochran Benthic/invertebrates at State FWS Plankton CALCOFI Any NMFSC WA Dept of Ecology UW Megan Dethier U. AK Fairbanks -- Chirk Chu Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History Shellfish OR Dept. Agriculture WA Dept. Agriculture -- Ray Jandl Bovines HAZARDS SIO Coastal DATA Zoo USC of E -- CA Storm Surge Model Tsunami Warning Kodiak, PMEL USGS Seismic Palo Alto, USGS Seismic CA State Div Mines &U Geol (Sacramento) DOGeology and Mineral Industries OR George Priest AK Geophysical Inst UAF Sherrie George xxi APPENDIX NOAA COASTAL OCF_4N DATA WORKSHOP UW Dept of Geophysics CA Dept. Boating and Waterways -- Ron Flick at SIO So. CA Earthquake Center, U. So. Cal Sea Ice -- Sherrie George, & Martin Jeffries UAF Man -caused problems -- Spills, etc. State Spill Response Office of Marine Safety Coast Guard HaZmAT Exxon Valdez Trustee Council Santa Barbara Channel Study -- SIO MMS Lease Sale Environment Study Eutrophication Wa Dept Ecology Fresh, Costal AK Dept. of Environment Harmful algal blooms UW Rita Homer NNTS Jack Wekell WA Dept of Health Guichard Toxics WA Dept Ecology - Ken Dzinbal SCCWRP Jim Allen Amer. Marine Mammal Tissue Archive Program Paul Becker at NIST (see Susan Hill for Identification) EPA Superfund Data NOAA Damage Assessment Center DOD Coastal Military Site - (Environment study data) (Records of former dumps) USGS CNG Tom Chase US Army Corps of Engineers Dredge spoils data Hydrological (Water Cycle) USGS "NA Stream Flow & Water Quality A" and Stream Flow Data US Army Corps of Engineers, Flow: Civil Engineering Res. Ctr., Dredge xxii APPENDLX NOAA COASTAL OCEAN DATA WORKSHOP PACCLIM Dan Cayan at SIO Div. Of Water Resources -- All coastal states NWS: Flow data -- Office of Hydrology Oregon Water Resources Dept. Mike Ciscell Climate Joint Institute for study of Atmos & Ocean UW Ed Miles PICES Doug McCone Sydney BC (& Sid Stillwaugh) McCone is at: Inst. Ocean Science Global Climate Change Retro numerical model output -- Future Will have time and scale Reanalysis Project / CD Rom NOAANCEP Larry Breaker IF I COULD HAVE ONE DATA SET CREATED: Current and Historical wave characteristics and near shore profiles and sediment characteristics Current and Historical spatial and temporal flow patterns of California and Alaska currents Current and Historical records of patterns of exploited fish populations (fish scale deposits, Fish remains in archeological midden data) Integrative analysis tools for Information products -- integrated together, spatially referenced (Data sets expressed as GIS images) Ocean Color -- Processed imaging / digital format Buoy array (TOGA style) for near shore coast of Washington including Puget Sound and Strait of Juan de Fuca Coastline change and land use change One "true" shoreline TIE into State Data Centers One aim of increase of diversity in NODC data should be to allow documentation of variability Old data sets are important, even if not accurate, to provide information on range of variability Remember the value of historical data sets - for what they reveal about natural variability xxiii APPENDIX NOAA COASTAL OCE4N DATA WORKSHOP Acronyms AK - Alaska DE - Dept. Of Ecology DFG - Dept. Of Fish and Game DNR - Dept. Of Natural Resources F&WL - Fish and Wildlife FWS - Fish and Wildlife Services HAZMAT - Hazardous Materials (NOAA) MMS - Minerals Management Service NIST - National Institute of Standards and Technology NWS - National Weather Service ODFW - Oregon Dept. Of Fish and Wildlife OR - Oregon PACCLIM - Pacific Climate Program SIO - Scripps Institution of Oceanography UAF - University of Alaska Fairbanks USCoE - US Army Corps of Engineers Wa - Washington xxiv APPENDU NOAA COA STA L OCF-4 N DATA WORKSHOP REPORT FROM THE ISLANDS WORKING GROUP PARTICIPANTS: Facilitator: A. Miglarese Rapporteur: P. Caldwell and D. Grimes Lelei Peau, Eric Gilman, Susan Burr, Ernest Matson, Evangeline Lujan, Kurt Grove, Carmen Gonzalez, Roy Watlington, Barbara Kojis, Ed Towle. Prioritize listing of issues Sedimentation was added to the NRC priorities and was ranked as # 1. The group also agreed that population increases is an over-riding issue. Ranking priorities 1. Sedimentation - 8 votes 2. Habitat modification - 7 votes 3 & 4 Eutrophication and Shoreline erosion and hazardous storms (changed to coastal hazards) - 5 votes each 5 Exploitation of resources - 3 6 Hydrologic and hydrodynamic disruption - I 7 Toxic Effects - 0 8 Introduction of nonindigenous species - 0 9 Global climate change - 0 10 Pathogens & toxins affecting human health - 0 Issue #1 - SEDIMENTATION Listing of data sets available: 14 data sets identified 1) USGS gauging station information (Matson) - This is a needed data set for Guam & Saipan. 2) CCAP/NSDINGDC for collecting metadata; also USGS sponsored state and territorial Metadata Coordinating Councils (Towle) 3) Land use data from satellite (Gonzales) 4)Bathyrnetric surveys taken from different years can be intercom pared (Grove) 5)V.I. aerial photography (source=lsland Resources Foundation, Univ. Of Virgin Islands) (Watlington) 6) AVHRR data maintained at NODC (Hendee);CSC did retro I kin AVHRR data; runs xxv APPENDIX NOAA COASTAL OCEAN DATA WORKSHOP on PC, Sea view 7) Ocean Color Thermal Scanner (OCTS) Data - NESDIS/OSDPD 8) Well drilling records (permit files from regional zoning/land use dept. For alluvial plains geology "cores") (Towle) 9) Sediment data in Puerto Rico (contact Kathy Scadler of Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute (Grove) 10) National Technical Means - source military (Crosby) 11) Miscellaneous data sets taken by commercial companies, for example, cable settings by AT&T, offshore surveys by oil companies - Exxon, Puerto Rican Power, MTC & Sprint for CNMI. 12) Directional wave data (current, pressure) Univ. Puerto Rico, (Grove) 13) Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) - Soil data maps 14) Status of US EPA old STORET database There is a lot out there. Need to pull disparate data together. The group had a difficult time identifying know data sets, demonstrating that a primary need of the island is to have these data sets made available. Isolated and unique - Virgin Islands - historical sequence of aerial photos to help track shoreline change do exist; shared between Island Resources Foundation and Eastern Caribbean Center and the Univ. Of the Virgin Islands NEEDS Turbidity data needed Dimension of sediment plumes in coastal waters needed. Integration - correlation/interpretation needed in user friendly format needed. Data alone are useless. ISSUE #2 Habitat Modification Data sets 1) Virgin Islands -All the old aerial photos - Island Resources Foundation/ Army Corps of Engr. (Kojis) (Towle) Highway Dept./ NOAA has flown all of the islands/but does not have all shorelines of every island Dept of Natural Resources/Puerto Rico (Gonzalez) - U.S.G.S. - National Wetland Inventory maps. These maps are not very accurate for island because the scale is too xxvi APPENDLX NOAA COASTAL OCF_AN DATA WORKSHOP large. 2) CCAP Data - Coastal Change (Miglarese) New satellites coming on soon - I acre min. resolution presently available SW comer of PR at Univ. of PR (Gonzales) . 3) Monumentation - I st order, latitude, longitude, elevation; source NOS 4)Univ. of Puerto Rico habitat info.- coral reef, time series 5)Building permits - American Samoa, V.I. Problem of keeping records - destroyed by hurricanes, self-destructing celluloid NOAA's data rescue effort - possible funding source Need national data archive; also local archiving DoD unclassified 6)V.1. - shelf data - reef base CD-ROM (Kojis) 7)St. John, V.I. - benthic map available in digital form from V.I. National Park Service, also CDC/UVI has (Towle) 8)NOAA Harbor charts - these need to be updated for CNMI 9) Army Corps keeps RANS (Gilman) 10) Oil spill sensitivity maps - Research & Planning Institute/ NOAA Hazmat (Towle) 11) Sea bird and turtle nesting; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Gilman), also V.I. N Port Office 12 )Habitat digitizing maps at Univ. Of P.R. 13) Conservation Data Center/P.R., V.I. have data /can help to get in touch 14 )Nature Conservancy - Christmas bird counts/ Audubon (Miglarese) 15) British Virgin Islands; - Marine Atlas has been digitized; in ArcInfo contact Louis Potter, Gillian Cambers, Towle Don't know integrity of the data suggested. Still needs interpretation of the data; issue driven analysis needed. Margaret L. (Rhode Island) - Importance of link with the military for some coastal data; NODC needs to establish this link. There are very little data for the island, especially the Pacific. What data there are is held by the military. Suggest - resolution accepted by all five regions - for NOAA as a outcome of this meeting - to demonstrate; to provide a data set available to the islands. AFTERNOON SESSION ISSUE #3 Eutrophication xxvii APPENDLX NOAA COASTAL OCEAN DA TA WORKSHOP Data sets: CNMI - No ability to use digitized data. Higher priority for training. Guam - Situation if you have the data now, you will be ready. Summarization - there should also be necessity for training and infrastructure development. 1) P.R. - contact Dr. Braulio Jimenez, Dir. Of Grad Environment, Rio Piedras Campus, U. P.R. Biological Research Division (Gonzales) 2) Guam - Water Resources Institute of Guam (U.S.G.S.)(Matson) contact: Jim Marsh at Univ of Guam 3) Div. of Environmental Quality, Saipan - (Gilman) 4) Jorge Capella, Dept of Marine Sciences, Magueyes, Univ of P.R. - Circulation, temp profiles, cross shelf dispersion, conductivity. 5) BOMEX - contact NODC, Rasmussen 6) National Technical Information Service - technical reports and publications 7 )Eutrophication assessment; contact - Mark Monaco Like to have- wish list 1) V.I. - Instruments that actually record nitrates hourly; to tell you about the change; to monitor the continuous change 2) Guam - diurnal change - biggest problem; Instruments not yet available; not sensitive enough 3)AOMEL - getting ready to do air sea parameters and fluorescence telemetered via satellite (Hendee) 4)Cman+ buoys in the Caribbean; I meter 3 meter temp salinity Not just oceanographic data; add coastal ISSUE #4 - SHORELINE EROSION AND HAZARDOUS STORMS change to SHORELINE EROSION AND COASTAL HAZARDS Data now have- 1) Navy has - location of submerged ordnance 2) NWS - P.R., Hawaii, Guam - slosh models; contact Aurelio Mercado 3) Corps of Engineers -100 year flood maps, storin surge 4) NOAA HAZMAT - environmental sensitivity xxviii APPENDIX NOAA COA ETA L OCEA N DA TA WORKSHOP 5 )FIRM maps - from FEMA Suggestion methodology behind FIRM maps.- asking FEMA; National Flood Insurance Program; useful to know the math and logic behind the FIRM; often not coordinated with slosh. 6) CFRAMP - Caribbean Fisheries Resource Assessment and Management Project - Shoreline/erosion rates for P.R.; CARICOM, Guyana 7) V.I. - Pollution Susceptibility Map for territory; contact Island Resource Foundation(Towle) 8) DNR - CDC, U.S. Army Corps Orthophoto Quads, digital with 5 foot contours - Whole Territory, 1995 (Kojis) 9 )NOS Photogrametry 10) Historical storm track frequencies - Army Corps 11) Algae blooms; contacts: Pacific Basin Development Council; World Aquaculture Association AC-A for Aquaculture - at National Agricultural Library, Sherwood Hall, FDA 12) DCTOC - Bottle drifter studies; contact Don Atwood 13) Caribbean Pollution - IOC - mapping for regional pollution 14) Tsunami consultation workshop, May 1996, IOCARIBE; contact: Rafael Steer-Ruiz - Cartagena, Columbia Would like: 1) Historical Tsumani data - NGDC - for Pacific P.R. generating data for 1918 tsunami - Workshop in June (A. Mercado) 2 )Outfalls 3) El Nino data 4) Landfill areas for housing (Samoa) ISSUE 5- EXPLOITATION OF RESOURCES Wish list 1) Altimetry for determining bathymetry- satellite imagery for sea fioor - Known Data 1) Fisheries data NMFS catch data Dept. of Aquatic Resources on Guam P.R. Dept of Natural Resources - fisheries Caribbean Assess of Fisheries - Canadian funded - Belize - Terracomp Science - xxix APPENDIX NOAA COA STA L OCEA N DATA WORKSHOP Jorge Garcia, contact: Frank Granger 2) AOML - harvesting coral (Hendee) 3) Corps. of Engineering Mineral Management Service - lease blocks - mining, sand, gravel, oil, etc. 4) Ocean dumping sites - NOAA xxx APPENDLX NOAA COA STA L OCEAN DATA WORKSHOP OCEANOGRAPHIC DISCIPLINES AND MANAGEMENT WORKING GROUP SESSION NOTES REPORT FROM THE PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY GROUP PARTICIPANTS: Facilitator: V. Waddell Rapportpurs: R. Fauquet and N. Hall Steve Haeger, John Collins, Don J. Wiseman, Jr., George Weatherly, Scott Thierne, Sabine Harms, Edward C. Monahan, Eric Anderson, Rob Quayle, Roy Watlington, Van Waddell, Celso S. Barrientos, Christopher Miller, Robert Reeves, Wendell Brown, Richard Signell, Mark Luther. PHYSICAL DATA GROUP SESSION Data and Information Requirements Identify sets, then step through requirements, emphasizing items not usually recorded with data sets. For example, what model current meter takes the current data Richard Signell - Precipitation, insulation, humidity, other types of data needed for heat flux calculation BATHYMETRY - Grid scale (several resolutions) and original soundings Depth in meters Quality control Spatial continuity, quality control Horizontal and vertical, projection problems Geoid datum Report statistics (max in grid cell, etc) NODC/NAVO should provide index of what bathy data is available from each source (Steve Haeger & R. Signell) SHORELINE xxxi APPENDLX NOAA COASTAL OCEAN DATA WORKSHOP Corps of Engineers - Bathy set has shoreline as zero values (or no data) in bathy files Central repository for data access (perhaps Virtual Data Center covers this) Gridding algorithm, complete parameters TS CURRENTS (OBSERVED) Start and end dates, times, for inventories (not just months) Current meter data (not just inventory) online access DODS system, as client for, eg, MatLab (R. Siegnell explains) Reduces number of steps to access distributed data Under development, official release end of this month NOAA SERVER locates data, for DODS, you need to know source MEL (Distributed systems and access technology will have its own session Wednesday PM, says H. Frey) NODC Assistance in building, implementing distributed servers Instrument type (metadata) MOORED ADCP (Fixed Position, Stationary) Signal strength/ echo amplitude An NODC format is needed Include temperature records Instrument type Instrument orientation (up or down) Should vertical velocity be part of data record? (Controversial - is it useful?) Assumption is that all parameters in header record will be included - what is being listed should be considered the minimum, or additional items (Eric Anderson) Ancillary engineering data (Wendell Brown) items taken into consideration when designing ADCP experiment SEA SURFACE RADAR (OSCAR u, v, quality and x,y quality (Lat, Lon) Info to understand reduction procedures LAGRANGIAN DRIFTERS Method of navigation (Argos, GPS, or other means of positioning) Raw Fixes should be distinguished from interpolated data xxxii APPEAUX NOAA COASTAL OCF-4N DATA WORKSHOP QC info for argos, or other navigation Online access PROFILE INFO (XBT, XCTD, AXBT, AXCTD, Subsetting access and selection (Applies to all data types) CTD instrument type, processing method CTD, XBT drop rate Ron F. describes XBT drop rate problem decision - keep legacy data as is, with info on how to make correction, if desired NAVO does not include instrument type; A rep of NAVO suggests to Ron F. that NAVO might be able to modify MOODS format to include instrument type Other profile parameters: transmissivity Light / PAR DO - Oxygen method Fluor. METADATA, (for all data types) QC, or some measure of data quality, a quality index, or characterization (Not that NODC should dictate QC methods for all data types, but some indication of what QC or Q Assurance has been done is needed in data record PI identification for data set (more important than institution) Instrument type, Data processing procedures SHIPBOARD ADCP (Ron F. explains that E. Firing' s CODAS system is currently used at NODC) Ship orientation and detailed ship navigation - hard to use data from continuously turning ship for example when turning to stay on station Calibration information, of instrument on vessel (reverse track info, etc) SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE Acronyms ADCP - Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler DODS - Distributed Ocean Data System MEL - Master Environmental Library xxxiii APPENDLX ArOAA COA STA L OCEAN DATA WORKSHOP REPORT FROM THE BIOLOGICAL OCEANOGRAPHY WORKING GROUP PARTICIPANTS: Facilitator: R. Carney Rapporteurs: S. Still.waugh and D. Hamilton Judy Pederson, Tony Frank, George Bohlert, Jane Small, Bob Van Dolah, Mark Monaco, Lee Edmiston, Sue Hills, Stephen Brandt, John Pohlman, Barbara Kojis, George Henderson, John Ogden, Mark Felton, Jim. Hendee, Ed Bowlby, Bob Stone, David Remsen, Livingston Marshall, Bernard Megrey, Fred Grassle. Data Requirements: A. Primary Production - Chlorophyll, C14, biomass, nitrogen & phosphorous uptake 1. Data types and units Chlorophyll (milligrams per liter) Carbon 14 uptake Biomass Nitrogen & phosphorous uptake 4. Metadata and documentation* Measurement methods are critical 6. Search and retrieval capabilities Generic geographic and time 7. Access B. Species Identification - needed for all other biology data types 1. Data types and units - need to be able to retrieve data by species (content-based searches) 2. Levels of precision and accuracy* - species level 3. Levels and types of quality control* - method of identification; date of taxon list important 6. Search and retrieval capabilities 7. Access - Species-derived indices are useful, but original data should also be available C. Zooplankton 1. Data t:ypes and units - volumes, counts, weights xxxv APPENDLX NOAA COASTAL OCEA N DATA WORKSHOP 2. Levels of precision and accuracy* 3. Levels and types of quality control* 4. Metadata. and documentation* - collection methods important (gear characteristics) 5. Use of national and international standards for content, format, and data exchange 6. Search and retrieval capabilities 7. Access - related physical data may be needed in estuaries (tide stage, currents) D. Nekton - fish I -Data types and units - stock assessments (lengths, ages); species 2. Levels of precision and accuracy* I Levels and types of quality control* - spatial location quality not good 4. Metadata and docurnentation* 5. Use of national and international standards for content, format, and data exchange 6. Search and retrieval capabilities - generic plus species 7. Access E. Marine Mammals 1. Data types and units - census counts, native harvests, strandings, post-mortems (U ALASKA has Marine Mammal Tissue Bank); image data; genorne data(?) 2. Levels of precision and accuracy* - species 3. Levels and types of quality control* 4. Metadata and documentation*- observing conditions 5. Use of national and international standards for content, format, and data exchange 6. Search and retrieval capabilities - generic plus species 7. Access F. Birds, Turtles I .Data types and units - census (counts) from platforms, shore; radio track; radar; bands; colony counts; organismal data; habitat, images 2. Levels of precision and accuracy* - low 3. Levels and types of quality control* 4. Metadata and documentation* - collection methods, observing conditions 5. Use of national and international standards for content, format, and data exchange 6. Search and retrieval capabilities - generic plus species 7. Access G. Bottom Dwellers xxxvi APPENDLX NOAA COASTAL OCEAN DATA WORKSHOP 1. Data types and units - Trawl, Grab, Images, Transect counts, Video Quadrant Counts 2. Levels of precision and accuracy - gear performance assessment; taxonomy; volume is not recorded, but is critical for derived statistics 3. Levels and types of quality control* 4. Metadata and documentation* - design philosophy is critical 5. Use of national and international standards for content, format, and data exchange 6. Search and retrieval capabilities - generic plus species 7. Access H. Toxicity 1. Data t:ypes and units - Bioassay (e.g. Status & Trends, Mussel Watch) 2. Levels of precision and accuracy*. 3. Levels and types of quality control* 4. Metadata and documentation* 5. Use of national and international standards for content, format, and data exchange 6. Search and retrieval capabilities 7. Access Facilitator's Observations on Biological Coastal Data Robert S. Carney Coastal Studies Institute Louisiana State University Upon determination of the session attendees.' expertise, it was found that there was good representation of experience along ecosystem function and traditional oceanographic lines. Thus we were able to review the discussion topics for primary production, zooplankton, nekton, and benthic consumption. The specifics of this discussion are detailed in the session report. This section is intended as an overview of issues of data type and data usage which may pose new challenges to NODC as it moves into shallow water. 1. Inherent Complexity of Ecological Data from Coastal Systems One has only to start with primary production to see that ecological data in coastal systems can be far more complex than in open ocean systems. In addition to ubiquitous phytoplankton, there are benthic diatoms, submerged plants, stands of mangrove trees, coral symbiotes, and a changing species complex of plants across the estuarine gradient. In addition to the offshore production measurements employing carbon isotopes and xxxvii APPENDLX NOAA COASTAL OCEAN DATA WORKSHOP pigments, coastal data may include leaf lengths, root biomass, tree girth, and leaf litter fall. Even the nature of the traditional oceanographic stations may change. Continuous transects will be more common than discrete stations, and navigation data increasingly suspect. 2. Content-Based Data Retrieval For many ecological processes the major questions are not "what is happening at point X in"the ocean". Rather, it is far more likely that the question will be "where are 0 the places in the ocean where a specific phenomena is occurring or where a certain species is found. A simple example would be a plot of all locations reporting the presence of the commercial crab Callinectes sapidus? The current geographic system employed by NODC does not allow for such a question to be asked. 3. 'The Unresolved Species Problem Since the participants in all ecological processes are members of some species, categorization of data under some species identifier will be'an inherent aspect of any ecological data set. As unavoidable as this is, it poses very serious questions which will only become worse in shallow water. As presently collected and archived species data must be considered to be highly suspect and subject to errors that are potentially large and beyond correction. This is due to two serious mismatches between how systematics and identification progress and the needs of categorical data. First, there are no agreed upon international standards for what attributes are necessary for the recognition of a particular species, and all species are subject to redefinition in response to additional study. Each species category is, in reality, a tentative classification subject to change. Second, there are no agreed upon standards of quality assurance for species identification even if the species have been careftilly defined by a competent taxonomist It should be noted that replacement of the NODC species codes with a new system is an improvement. The old system's attempt to reproduce the Latin hierarchy of kingdom, phylum, order, class, family, genus, species with a numerical equivalence was plagued with hierarchical inconsistencies across taxa (i.e. subspecies, tribes, suborder, superfamily, etc.). And, tracking changes in hierarchical assignment required a historical synonymy. However, the new system still makes the serious error of assuming that species is a well defined category, and that there is no error in assignment to category. Possible Courses for NODC On the whole, biological oceanographers and coastal ecologists are well trained in study xxxviii APPENDLX NOAA COA STA L OCEAN DA TA WORKSHOP design and statistical analysis. They are not, however, well versed in the rapidly progressing world of large scale data management, database structure, and data retrieval. I would venture to guess that few data experts are well versed in the questions and data problems of biologists either. Perhaps then NODC might take the lead in matching minds and finding innovative solutions. Can the fuzziness of systematics be overcome? Can flexible hierarchies be adopted which accommodate changing methodologies? Can the data be made more useful? Answering these questions prior to a wholesale collection of data sets may be the most productive course. xxxix APPENDLX NOAA COASTAL OCEAN DATA WORKSHOP REPORT FROM THE CHEMICAL OCEANOGRAPHY WORKING GROUP PARTICIPANTS: Facilitator: A. Andren Rapporteurs: M. Conkright and P. Caldwell Dennis Leonard, David Edgington, Ken Hinga, Eric Crecelius, Kent Price, Jan Newton, Don Boesch, Christopher D'Elia, Ernie Mitson. 1. DATASETS RELEVANT TO CHEMICAL OCEANOGRAPHY MAJOR DATA TYPES a. Routine measurements: salinity, pH, eH, oxygen, alkalinity, oxygen, nutrients (phosphate, nitrogen species, chlorophyll a, CTD casts, silicate b. metals c. organics d. Sediments e. DOC, POC, sulphides f organic contaminants National status and trends - NOAA EMAP - EPA STORET-EPA NOAA should make available on NOAA server in friendly-user way COE EIS statements - manuscript data Monitoring programs ORCA NOAA eutrophication datasets Alaska deposition datasets Permit discharge data International joint commission USGS NAQUA-USGS National atmospheric deposition network COE sediment data Navy coastal data Synthesis reports - sometimes better than original datasets Who are the users who would use these datasets X1 APPENDIX NOAA COASTAL OCE4N DATA WORKSHOP WATER COLUMN: 1. SALINITYICONDUCTIVITY a. identify conductivity, salinity, depth, pressure in.database and instrument type b. Data sources STORET NODC Navy - classified data c. Precision accuracy is not a big issue in coastal data user should determine what is useful method/technique important be able to retrieve data based on precision and instrument assign a code to data to identify precision d. Quality control , source of the data must be identified data should be kept together for projects e. Metadata metadata. needs to be a part of the data set link data to metadata f. Format g. Search and retrieval spatial resolution in retrieving data user online: browse and search h. Access make EPA data more accessible make data access user ffiendly - STORET fi-ee and open access central vs. distributed data "shoe box" data better served by distributed server then turned over for "deep" archive - large project data should be at central server online retrieval links to other agencies who serve data provide data manipulation tools to facilitate people putting the data online be able to examine historical data before downloading or ordering and to look at level of precision, quality control 2. NUTRIENTS - chemically determined raw measurements and not synthetic x1i APPENDIX NOAA COASTAL OCEAN DATA WORKSHOP nitrogen, nitrate, nitrite, ammonium, TOC, DOC Quality control a. Nutrient quality in state monitoring studies a problem (storage of data, filtering) - sarne for permit data. This problem applicable to metals, organics. Original report critical to understanding the quality of the data - documentation critical particularly for historical data. b. Link between documentation and data - methods section only c. storage is major problem in QC of data Data sources: EMAP - modem, well-documented, broad aerial coverage Great Lakes monitoring by EPA - QA/QC - good quality STORET Units it is difficult to return to original units - filter type/size information important Metadata/Documentation reference to original source - either original report or information about methods and precision preference for keeping datasets separate and merged by PI's Will NODC become the central archive for coastal data? Will it raid other agencies? How aggressive will they be in pursuing data-links to other agencies? Will NODC be the sole archive for the data? Precision/Accuracy report precision/accuracy NationaMntemational standards/formats C. METALS AND TRACE METALS Data Types Trace metal studies in Puget Sound - PMEL Great Lakes Program - Chesapeake Bay xiii APPENDLX NOAA COASTAL OCEAN DATA WORKSHOP Units ug vs. nmoles - important to identify units ppb in US different than ppb in Europe oxidation states - need to keep information, specially for Iron allow for entries that speciate metals Quality control filter type/filter size sampling, storing, analysis - identify whether "clean" techniques "clean" techniques goes beyond EPA methods - need some knowledge about this? no standard/accepted clean techniques - only guidelines want to keep all datasets despite techniques used - data can be used for different purposes Documentation intercalibration important for low-level metals - need to have this information techniques important detection level - limit of detection needs to be documented.trace - less than detection limit and greater than blank Question -Can NODC hold meetings about quality control, precision, documentation issues? Format none for trace metals ORGANICS (HC's, pesticides, herbicides, organo-metallics) Units should be reported as moles many PCB's, PAH's - reported as mg identify in documentation - explicit how it is reported Data types National Status Trends National TVT program - EPA Documentation levels of precision, accuracy x1iii APPENDLX NOAA COASTAL OCEAN DATA WORKSHOP identify whether colloidal Particulate/dissolved -- filtered or not - type of filter Format IUPAC system for identifying compounds RADIONUCLIDES Accuracy/Precision same consideration as metals - precision for every measurement less than should not be reported - precision accurately reported Units dprn or becherels STABLE ISOTOPES NODC should be encouraged to acquired stable isotope data PIGMENTS (phaeopigments, chlorophyll a) Data types routine measurement of chlorophyll in Puget Sound Chesapeake Bay - Quality control filtering techniques - state data prior to 1994 questionable due to techniques Documentation techniques used sample preservation Units ninoles Chlorophyll ELECTRONIC DATA (probe data, CTD) information on calibration of instruments - SEDIMENTS xliv APPEArDLX JVOAA COA STA L OCE4 N DA TA WORKSHOP include interstitial waters NUTRIENTS Data types National Status and Trends EMAP COE EIS reports - major data source Units state whether wet or dry weight moles/g stated explicitly Metadata cores vs. surface grabs - coring device - grabbing device ancillary data - grain size/porosity fraction analyzed acid extracted fraction Documentation extraction methods documented Format recommend using international standards total numbers should not be part of the data METALS AND TRACE METALS Data types NS&T COE Great Lakes National Program Office Puget Sound USGS - coring attempts around the US Gulf of Maine, Puget Sound, Mass. State Geological Survey data Navy remediational studies Units x1v APPENDIX NOAA COASTAL OCEAN DATA WORKSHOP metric/weight or molar/weight Metadata depth in the water, depth in the sediment Documentation type of digestion RECOMMENDATION: Include as part of documentation, volume extracted - particularly for metals and organics Units should be reported as moles for organics and metals "clean" techniques need to be observed for organics and metals NODC should acquire stable isotope data Report as many ancillary data as possible for sediment data x1vi APPENDIX NOAA COA STA L OCEA N DATA WORKSHOP REPORT FROM THE GEOLOGICAL OCEANOGRAPHY WORKING GROUP PARTICIPANTS: Facilitator: A. Miglarese Rapporteurs: R. Abram and G. Heimerdinger Gustavo Antonini, Doug Sherman, Troy Holcombe, George Sharman, Anne Ball, William Schroeder, Kurt Grove, Allen Hittelman, Norman Froomer, Brad Butman. Data Requirements: EUTROPHICATION 1. Data types and units: Sediment load/sediment flux (standard gravimetric - wt/unit Vol/time) 2. Levels of precision and accuracy*: estimates of loads (low-average-high); ideal daily average flux; data from USGS gauging stations 3. Levels and types of quality control* 4. Metadata and documentation*: Standard protocols 5. Use of national and international standards for content, format, and data exchange: None 6. Search and retrieval capabilities: Ideal - online access to retrospective data 7. Access special cases only 1. Data types and units: Remote sensing - suspended loads: (1) reflectancd, (2) ocean color 2. Levels of precision and accuracy*: Predetermined by satellite system 3. Levels and types of quality control* 4. Metadata and documentation*: 5. Use of national and international standards for content, format, and data exchange: Science needs raw data (quantitative); managers needs products (qualitative) 6. Search and retrieval capabilities: Needs for (1) in situ ground truth (may have regional algorithms) and (2) link to discharge data. Good to be able to view/dissect image 7. Access special cases only Data Requirements: SHORELINE EROSION & COASTAL HAZARDS x1vii APPENDIX NOAA COASTAL OCEAN DA TA WORKSHO P 1. Data types and units: Shoreline geomorphology (change over time) 2. Levels of precision and accuracy*: Problem of different reference systems; frequency of resurvey 3. Levels and types of quality control*: Problem of pulling together data from numerous smaller surveys; questions of GPS accuracy (need to reference to benchmarks) 4. Metadata and documentation*: Need for directional wind/wave climatology 5. Use of national and international standards for content, format, and data exchange: 6. Search and retrieval capabilities: 7. Access special cases only I .Data types and units: EarthQuakes (magnitude, location, and depth) 2. Levels of precision and accuracy*: 3. Levels and types of quality control*: 4. Metadata and documentation*: Link to geology for risk assessment and hazard maps 5. Use of national and international standards for content, format, and data exchange: 6. Search and retrieval capabilities: 7. Access special cases only 1. Data types and units: Tsunamis (also storm surgo) 2. Levels of precision and accuracy*: Need higher resolution bathyrnetry near shore (meters to tenths) 3. Levels and types of quality control*: 4. Metadata and documentation*: Need for post-event data (requires contingency plans for deploying survey teams); need bathymetry and topography for run-up models (similar for storm surges); travel time curves and marigrams. 5. Use of national and international standards for content, format, and data exchange: 6. Search and retrieval capabilities: 7. Access special cases only Data Requirements: HABITAT MODIFICATION 1. Data types and units: Geophysical data - bathymetry (profiles or swaths; gridded products. Special needs for shallow water in-shore profiles.) 2. Levels of precision and accuracy*: 3. Levels and types of quality control*: Need for QC when integrating data from x1viii APPENDLX NOAA COASTAL OCEAN DATA WORKSHOP different sources (e.g., COE, MMS); also need mechanism to account for seasonal variation. 4. Metadata and documentation*: "Time stamp data"; problem of assembling data collected at different times. 5. Use of national and international standards for content, format, and data exchange: 6. Search and retrieval capabilities: Recognize that science and management needs differ 7. Access special cases only 1. Data types and units: Side scan son (mosaic of back scatter; product - drape geo- referenced back scatter over bathymetry) 2. Levels of precision and accuracy*: 3. Levels and types of quality control*: Problem of pulling together data from numerous smaller surveys; questions of GPS accuracy (need to reference to benchmarks). Ground truth, if possible and link to sediment map) 4. Metadata and documentation*: Standard metadata (e.g.,, instrument, processing method) 5. Use of national and international standards for content, format, and data exchange: 6. Search and retrieval capabilities: Geo-browse 7. Access special cases only 1. Data types and units: Seismic data (high resolution profiles - horizon data, need raw data) 2. Levels of precision and accuracy*: 3. Levels and types of quality control*: 4. Metadata and documentation*: Standard metadata (accepted protocols) 5. Use of national and international standards for content, format, and data exchange: 6. Search and retrieval capabilities: Need product to preview to determine usefulness of data 7. Access special cases only 1. Data types and units: Sediment characteristics (surface and subsurface): grain size (phi class), composition (including toxics), description 2. Levels of precision and accuracy*: 3. Levels and types of qu@lity control*: 4. Metadata and documentation*: Methodology (may be region dependent); grain size method xlix APPENDIX NOAA COASTAL OCEAN DATA WORKSHOP 5. Use of national and international standards for content, format, and data exchange: 6. Search and retrieval capabilities: 7. Access: Long term goal: complete mapping of the EEZ. Problem of access to historical hard copy data (logistical problem; raster scan if good navigation available). * special cases only 1. Data types and units: Bottom modification data - COE permit data (dredge records), borehole data, and NMFS trawl surveys (where-and for what time period) 2. Levels of precision and accuracy*: 3. Levels and types of quality control*: 4. Metadata. and documentation*: 5. Use of national and international standards for content, format, and data exchange: 6. Search and retrieval capabilities: 7. Access special cases only 1. Data types and units: Shoreline structures, etc. (via municipal, county records or state/local permits) 2. Levels of precision and accuracy*: 3. Levels and types of quality control*: 4. Metadata and documentation*: Need to know materials 5. Use of national and international standards for content, format, and data exchange: 6. Search and retrieval capabilities: 7. Access special cases only Data Requirements: HYDROLOGIC AND HYDRODYNAMIC DISRUPTIONS 1. Data types and units: Hydrolog iAydrodynamic data (important for tmnsport of sediment) 2. Levels of precision and accuracy*: 3. Levels and types of quality control*: 4. Metadata and documentation*: Important to know if data represent natural conditions or reflect man-made changes (e.g., construction of dam). Human impact versus natural variability 5. Use of national and international standards for content, forMat, and data exchange: 6. Search and retrieval capabilities: 7. Access APPENDLX NOAA COASTAL OCEAN DATA WORKSHOP special cases only APPEtVDLX NOAA COASTAL OCE_4N DATA WORKSHOP REPORT FROM THE MANAGEMENT WORKING GROUP PARTICIPANTS: Facilitator: M. Davidson Rapporteurs: D. Grimes and M. Crane Steve Gittings, David Remsen, John Collins, John Towle, Eric Gilman, Larry Goldman, Stuart Stevens, Michael Crane, Carmen Gonzalez, Michael Crosby, Evangeline Lujan, J. J. Waterreus, Ken Dzinbal, Norman Froomer, Jennet Alterman, Phillip Hinesley, Lelei Peau, Marion Clarke, Robert Shephard, Randy Dana, Dave Reid, Reed Bohne, Zsolt Nagy, Rex Herron, David Stage, John Rupert, Charles Sun, Jason Yap, Robert Reeves, Dwayne Porter. Part 1: Taking nine issues from yesterday, what data sets that you would like/wish as . a manager? Part 2: What tools/formats/assistance from technical experts? How do we share it? Part I -WISH LIST EUTROPHICATION 1) Synoptic ocean color data - processed image/ digital pxl 2) Historical and current biological data sets - on fauna; spacial and temporal distribution 3) Database on nutrient applications, i.e., Ag. Extension Service, nutrients on golf courses 4) Signature from the sediment plums; turbidity for Caribbean Island Basin rendering data in different ways 5) Land use data 6) NPDES permit location Customized/ tie into coastal and land use data sets; work out regional requirements; focus on direct targets; more focused like the islands Discussion - repeating yesterday; desire planning tools for the future Discussion - synthesis; how are we going to do; application to politicals; pull it together Discussion - have to know what data you have/ before building systems Land data sets are critical to understanding the ocean problem. Suggestion - Listing of data sets; need time to prioritize; provide a mail out ballot to rank APPFNDIX NOAA COASTAL OCE-AN DATA WORKSHOP order. Comment - three groups here - scientists, managers, educators HABITAT 1) Land use and habitat - trends over time/ temporal/spatial trends/ species, vegetation, water quality Ability to make projections 2). Change detection maps 3) Can data provide info on functional capacity? 4) Human patterns of use; demographic info. overlay 5) The Nature Conservancy and other special area information Integrated into capacity models; sustainable HYDROLOGIC 1) Ground water capacity; stream flow/ allocations 2) Shoreline protection devices; locations; riverine/ ocean front 3) Catalog of modeling tools 4) Reservoir capacity issues 5) Wetlands/ NWI and recharge areas/ relationship to storage capacity 6) Soil types EXPLOITATION OF RESOURCES 1) Ditto the HABITAT list 2) Catch/effect data for reef, pelagics and bottoms - All classes of fish 3) Marine Management Service (MMS) surveys: also state mineral surveys 4) Shallow bathy in area ofjurisdiction TOXICS 1) Ditto the HABITAT list 2) Toxic Release Inventory - SARA (EPA database and law) 3) Historical records of industrial uses of near shore 4) Groundwater movement and air movement patterns - downstream - U.S.G.S. 5) EMAP 6) Spill information - HAZMAT/Damage Assessinent Center - online iiii APPENDLX ArOAA COASTAL OCF-4N DA TA WORKSHOP 7) FDA action level guidelines Permit, monitoring Storm water volumes Spill trajectory models regionally EXOTICS - NONINDIGENOUS SPECIES 1) Emerging issues 2) Invasive Species Act of 1996 - $ 3) Historical and contemporary aerial photos - plants 4) Catalog of eradication methodologies - successful and unsuccessful 5) Habitat maps for marine species 6) catalog of invasive species - current, potential distrib - What are pathways 7)Ballast H20 exchange sites 8) Disease distribution How long before exotics become endemic? Epidemiological maps of the environment COASTAL HAZARDS 1) Shoreline maps - FEMA 2) Demographic change/use 3) Risk assessment models 4) Impacts of sea level rise - wetlands/groundwater Local scale (especially islands) 5) CCAP type maps 6) Catalog of shore line protection devices - success measurements 7) Elevation - U.S.G.S. topo maps not helpful at 5 ft. contours PATHOGENS + TOXINS - HUMAN 1) ISC - fecal coliform data 2) Beach closure data - NRDC + state health 3) Records of incidence associated with waterborne staff. CDC/state health 4) Sediment/water quality characteristics; EPA 5) Livestock liv APPENDLX NOAA COASTAL OCEAN DATA WORKSHOP GIS Suitability of siting industrial septic tanks, package plants Support regulatory Part 2 HOW DO YOU WANT THE DATA AVAILABLE TO YOU? Comment - NOAA is establishing one stop capability for data Need critical environmental factors/ driving factors in the military Need to seek and retrieve Customer base - customer driven From customer surveys - there is a greater commonality between users than expected - ArcView for GIS. CSC did a customer user survey - 60% return rate; moving towards commonality in hardware/software. Delivery system is here with Internet. Tied to the software available in the market. Data Centers moving toward more transparent service feature. NODC has not been large on radar screen. Little connection with other agencies. Avoid duplication with other agencies. Saipan - multiple formats - GIS - need maps now product in hard copy/digital U.K./coral reef data Islands perspective - need technical assistance for photo interpretation; need training Flower Banks use hard copy from NMS hard copy bibliographies of research/data GIS California major effort to develop data integration system regionally based, issue driven Georgia Everything digital, INTERNET want tools over INTERNET - ex.- descriptive statistics to GIS Apalachicola 14400 baud rate same as GA want display tools - maps Puerto Rico - Jobos Bay Internet access IV APPENDIX NOAA COASTAL OCEAN DATA WORKSHOP take hardcopy maps to GIS California VVEB utilities - catalog/access points Metadata/keywords Guam have T I line want data digital and hardcopy/ access on INTERNET or CD-ROM with state's coordinate system - which is not utm smaller scale 1:4800; not in ArcInfo-ArcView Washington on-line GIS; a la U.S.G.S. data available on CD-ROM form Web search tools - standard for keywords post-processed remote sensing images greater use of hot links on web meta data standards - assurance for data quality Alabama grant management; starting from beginning; more technical assistance to use new technology American Samoa same as Guam digital, hardcopy need easy to use web browser need analysis/ modeling tools regional NODC center - for the islands Oregon same as previously stated Grays Reef digitizing is a problem two-way street on data flow synthesis of trends information North Carolina packaged databases - plug & play derivative data bases; synthesized, trends analysis with functionality, visualization Gulf of Mexico everything has been previously said Ohio digitally with Metadata INTERNET, CD-ROM Ivi APPENDLX NOAA COASTAL OCEAN DATA WOPXSHOP regionalization of data - Great Lakes catalog of data, types, scales, format WHAT IS A CATALOG THAT WOULD REALLY BE USEFUL - 1AMSLIC included Involve library community Can we do an issue driven data base/catalog? California is doing this. Develop catalog of web access points/ keywords NEED TECH ASSISTANCEfTRAINING Photo interpretation GIS usage Electronic reporting to OCRM office automation find and use V@EB utilities Ivii APPENDIX NOAA COASTAL OCEAN DATA WORKSHOP IMPLEMENTATION THROUGH PARTNERSHIPS WORKING GROUP SESSION NOTES REPORT FROM THE SEA GRANT, UNIVERSITIES, AND "SHOEBOX" DATA SET CREATORS/CUSTODIANS WORKING GROUP PARTICIPANTS: Facilitator: A. Andren Rapporteurs: R. Abram, P. Caldwell, D. Hamilton, S Stillwaugh Margaret Leinen, Kurt Grove, Ray Watlington, Mark Luther, Ken Hinga, Edward Monahan, Andy Shepard, Dennis Leonard, Judith Pederson, Douglas Sherman, Kent Price, Marion Clarke, David Edgington, Steve Brandt. The facilitator opened the session by posing the following question - and sub-questions - for discussion: Q: How can NODC acquire university (or other) generated data sets? - What is the "carrot" or motivation for researchers to submit data? - What types of data sets are best suited for submission to NODC? - How should these data sets be made available to NODC? Participants in the session addressed these question with the following comments and observations: Because of the large number of such data sets, the NODC could perhaps serve as a node to help people find them. One motivator would be provision of a software tool to help enable information about data sets to be more easily captured. Data collection efforts fimded by NSF and Navy include the requirement that data be submitted to the appropriate national data center. Perhaps other extramural funding agencies need to include this requirement. Many institution are protective of their data (there is typically a two-year delay in data release to allow for publication). It was later pointed out that for students using data in their theses, data release may often exceed two years. Perhaps there needs to be a change in the academic culture that provides rewards (e.g., through the tenure process) for Iviii APPFaVDLX NOAA COASTAL OCEAN DATA WORKSHO P publication of data. And indeed data availability may need to be a pre-condition for publication of results. There are practi cal problems in implementing a program to ensure submission of appropriate data sets. There may need to be a change in culture to recognize data publication as a legitimate activity. Some j ournals are already taking steps in this direction. Problem of rescuing data that may be lost when a PI retires. Perhaps small grants could be awarded in these cases to enable individuals to prepare their data at the ends of their careers. NGDC provides one of their Paleoclimate data sets in exchange for contributors who submit additional data. This incentive of getting a "credit" for submission of data needs to be fostered and advertised. Grey literature is a subset of the shoebox problem. Efforts need to be made (e.g, OCR scanning of publications) to capture these reports and ensure their availability through facilities such as the NOAA Library or Sea Grant Depository. Sea Grant can make a valuable contribution to the effort to locate and preserve shoebox data sets. Sea Grant serves as a two-way link between Federal data resources and data resources at the state and local levels. Marine Advisory Service personnel have the particular talents needed to provide this link. Summary: Promote the "soft option" of requiring submission of standard data types for which formats or systems exist. Catalog or index other data sets to be available on local servers. Use both carrots and sticks to promote data submission to NODC or data availability through a distributed system. Carrots include incentives to submit data (e.g., data@ exchange credit, "sunsef 'grants to'pre-retirees). Sticks are the data submission requirements built into grant such as those from ONR and NSF. Provide incentives to the library/information science community to promote input of grey literature. Sea Grant programs can serve as "ports of access" to state-held data. lix APPENDLX NOAA COASTAL OCEAN DATA WORKSHOP Encourage NODC to actively--but selectively--seek out university and private data sets. An advisory body might help in this selection process. Ix APPENDLX NOAA COASTAL OCE,4N DATA WORXSHOP REPORT FROM THE MILITARY, CLASSIFIED OR PROPRIETARY, AND INDUSTRIAL DATA BASES WORKING GROUP PARTICIPANTS: Facilitator: D. Schwartz Rapporteurs: M. Conkright and M. Crane Cdr. J. J. Waterreus U.S.N., Troy Holcombe, George Sharman, Reed Bohne, Steve Haeger, Bill Venezia, Celso Barrientos, George Bohlert, Evangeline Lujan, Ernie Matson, William Wiseman, Edie Widder, Michael P. Crosby. PURPOSE: JOINT PROJECTS AND PARTNERSHIPS navy is working to declassify much of its data critical environmental parameters being distributed BACKGROUND Navy uses many sources of data to gather information - satellites - Data collected by deployed fleet (e.g. AXBT) - continuous data assimilation, aircraft sampling, helicopter sampling, buoys - low frequency radar examining back scatter - analyze wind speed, current measurements navy working on releasing many products associated with data such as: a. program Whales 94 - examined historical archive to identify whale species and individuals b. SST data in North Atlantic c. Sonar range prediction products of use for geophysical community d. Aircraft study (AXBT) of currents in warm/cold core rings Data being made available as part of the Gore and Congressional initiatives - dual use of data Naval Meteorology and Oceanog=hy Command: approx 90% of the data held by Navy is unclassified - NODDS developed from FNMOC - This is a pc based system where you dial into 1xi APPENDIX NOAA COA STA L OCEA N DATA WORKSHOP FNMOC and retrieve 3-D and 4-D grids of atmospheric and ocean model output. Working with NOAA for linkage between NOAA and NAVY - access for users through NOAA to directly access FNMOC model with 12 hour data update. NOS office responsible was "riffed" (reduction-in-force) and contracted out. Rich source of navy upper atmospheric data (NOGAPS) - T, S, wind fields, atmos. temp., grid point data for 36 levels, can ingest NECEP data, can overlay NICEP fields with FNMOC fields - these are all model gridded data. NODDS does have the capability to download certain observational data. Prediction models: Navoceano (operational) vs. R&D sections - data not shared among the groups Navoceano examining large data sets to determine what to declassify - not yet examining the smaller datasets EEZ problems - sometimes Navy allowed to sample other coasts and can't release the data. Navy does not have much coastal data - they receive--and are seeking--data from outside sources. PDC - Pacific Disaster Center - initiatives for National and International Disaster Centers - wide area network ( PREMIS) to link Hawaiian chains and insular islands for disaster issues. Navy wishes to support and populate the data base for Tsunami before and after pictures, bathymetry information, hazardous spill support RELATED DATA SETS: 1. ADCP - JEDA 2. JPL/NASA data 3. APL data 4. Oil companies - major source of data, particularly in the Gulf of Mexico - very difficult for DOD and other individuals to get data 5. MMS archives information - 20 year proprietary hold on data - oil industry fighting to keep these data proprietary 6. Commercial airlines send atmospheric data to FNOC 7. Data from state agencies DATA NEEDS: 1xii APPENDIX NOAA COASTAL OCEAN DATA WORKSHO P 1. Raw data used to develop the models - XBT classified for 90 days - then goes to MOODS database 2. Coastal bathyrnetry - global and U.S. 5 minute global bathymetric data 3. Deep water bathymetric data under review not all data needs to be released - for instance in Saipan seamount data is of great concern - Provide location of seamounts; - can provide lower level of resolution 4. Archived, information satellite imagery and aerial to examine changes over time can be provided at lower level of resolution 5. Light measurements correlated to vertical migration patterns 6. Inventory of observational data available 7. Q route surveys (side scans for mine-warfare community) in approaches to ports - NAVOCEANO did baseline study (no methodology and training) but data are in manuscript form, and in some cases still restricted. PARTNERSHIPS NOPP - NSWC/NOAA/IJ.Miami/FAU/HBOI Defense Hydrographic, Initiative NOAA and NAVOCEANO and DMA Share databases and expertise Contract for a distributed ocean floor database Contract to look at high resolution bathymetry Universities and oil companies NCDC - NAVOCEANO - DBDBV - enhanced coastal bathymetry NAVY-NOAA - POM model NOAA-DOD - coupled ocean/ atmospheric model Wave Action Model - NAVY and Max Planck Institute LJNOLS - Navy and university partnerships REQUIREMENTS BY NAVY 1. Visualization tools - develop a database of analysis and visualization tools - NAVY needs partners in developing these areas: 2. Bathymetry data at all levels 3. Bioluminescence data 4. Shorelines - need by NAVOCEANO, - need low and high tide shorelines 1xiii APPENDIX NOAA COASTAL OCEA N DATA WORKSHOP 1-80,000 - NOAA has digitized shorelines and are online - 100 m spacing between Lat and Lon. - digitization of NOAA charts Side scans, cores and grabs, XBT - ETF reports (part of MEDEA) which update reports of unclassified data available, status, and current data being examined. RECOMMENDATIONS 1. NODC should archive FNOC model output data once models have been standardized so they can be used as proxy for the data. FN0C currently keeps 3 months of selected model output which are then sent to NCDC for archival - atmospheric and selected fields only. Major amounts of data involved. 2. Need to examine data products available from the Navy and select what is most appropriate to archive. 3. Fishing fleets in the Pacific - instrument these with environmental sensors for real- time or near real time telemetry,of data to shore databases. 4. NOAA should make available a bibliography of what data are available from the Navy and a contact point for each data type. 5. NODC (or NOAA) should prepare a list of data the Navy has submitted to NODC Ixiv APPENDIX NOAA COASTAL OCEAN DATA WORKSHOP REPORT FROM THE STATE, TERRITORY, AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS WORKING GROUP PARTICIPANTS: Facilitator: M. Davidson Rapporteur: D. Grimes and G. Heimerdinger Robert Van Dolah, John Rupert, Philip Hinesley, George Henderson, Lelei Peau, Barbara Kojis, Jason Yap, Eric Crecelius, Ken Dzinbal, Jan Newton, Stuart Stevens, Eric Gilman, Susan Burr, Carmen Gonzalez, Lee Edmiston. DATA IS A 2-WAY STREET How govt. can be more assessable, responsive to you? A reciprocal relationship; move towards reciprocity Doing more with less as federal government reduces funding GA - important that feds know added cost to states CNMI - We have great coral reefs out there; invitation Nationwide standards for monitoring; join the international community Puerto Rico (Gonzalez)- no problem in sharing; committed need technical training and some type of proper quipment. (Lee Edmiston) - Need guidelines. Did survey to locate what type of data P.R. Do not know what data sets NOAA has that apply to P.R. A bibliography does not list the data sets. South Carolina - Bob Van Dolah - more sharing could occur; interactions; feds can help in processing of data; data maintenance; data archive WA - Eric Crecelius - Battelle - How to get a hold of the data; for data users-sponsors Ohio. - John Rupert - policy issue to remind to share data; barriers breaking down; more visionary American Samoa - focus more on Pacific; partnership; need federal team to do assessment and provide; no incentive for local govt. 1xv APPENDU NOAA COASTAL OCEAN DATA WORKSHOP AL- Phil Hinesley - recently got online; technical assistance needed to access data; level funded next year; no one is connected in the state; to standardize the data WA - Ken Dzinbal - data catalogs tremendously helpful; want access to more data products; continuation of this dialogue WA will provide uploading fresh water data to EPA from all water quality stations in the state; respond to 300 data inquiries per year; also online on web page - ge o-referenced; would like to be a hot link site to NOAA's home page WA - Jan Newton - excited with liaison with NODC; partnership FL - George Henderson - need staffing and hardware; Complaint with NODC - getting data out - have to ask correctly V.I. - important that data is put together in manner available to V.I. there are guidelines as to what kind of data that feds want No free e-mail system; makes it difficult for states to access POINTS Problem is to better use NODC's information on web; - NOAA has to create better ways to group the data by keywords - How to access NODC/NOAA - - need easier ways to query data - hot links - expanded keywords WA - Problem is heightened expectations; beyond capability; technological barrier Distance between have and have not's will be greater - Can access data by geographic regions? Yes, but need to identify instrument - More ability to search/sort for islands - Need Issue driven web bibliographies; expand use of "ProCite" software for lXvi APPENDIX NOAA COA STA L OCEA N DA TA WORKSHOP bibliographies - Need bibliography of CD-ROM's of data - Expand mailing list - FGDC guidelines - need to be scanned; guidelines are available on-line NODC needs to provide hot links to FGDC home page - Coastal Data Management Office - NERRS- could be better need more consistency re templates, data formats, metadata guidelines and standard products What happens to the support function? Apprehension re moving too quickly into monitoring databases - Have forms to fill out - National standards - monitoring: coral reefs - water quality - like to have it available via NODC home page - Processing of data NOAA-wide (Carmen Gonzalez) - Data Centers and rest of NOAA - list products/available on-line Major Issues: Costs to States to acquire and limited modes for payment COST OF SHARING - Need $/person to manage "data" to send it to DC - Burden of metadata. format requirements - Long term commitment - Cost of technology INCENTIVES - Besides $'s "tit f - or tat": states put in data; N[C]DC (NOAA) gives back products and training and technical assistance - regional perspectives series 1xvii APPENDIX NOAA COASTAL OCEAN DATA WORKSHOP - transferability of information. to resulting models - regional data can strengthen the accuracy of NOAA products - Regional/Pacific Data Center should encompass the islands - Atlantic/Gulf Regional Data Center should include the islands - NODC Regional Liaisons - excellent idea The following improvements are suggested: - need to travel the regions - network with those who have the data - beyond the universities - network with those who need data - familiar with how data is reached - priority should be those who have a.partnership with NOAA, e.g., CZ, NEERS, SRD, SG - regional basis of url's; addresses for useful web pages + data centers - hardcopy - training/demonstrations of how to access As NOAA looks to regional distributed presence, it should be seamless to the states and synchronized internally to provide more efficient interaction with customers more familial partnerships internally & externally Next time: Have more folks (i.e. librarians) to understand how to catalog and inventory data. 1xviii APPENDIX NOAA COA STA L OCEA N DA TA WORKSHOP REPORT FROM THE DATA AND INFORMATION SYSTEMS WORKING GROUP PARTICIPANTS: Facilitator: A. Miglarese Rapporteurs: R. Fauquet and N. Hall David Stage, Norman Froomer, David Remsen, John Collins, Bernard Megrey, Rich Signell, Allen Hittelman, Tony Frank, John Helly, Rob Quayle, Peter Comillon, Eric Anderson, Van Waddell, Bob Stone, Deanne DiPietro, Brad Butman, Ed Bowlby, Robert Reeves, Scott Thierne, Randy Dana, Charles Sun, Chris Miller, Jane Small, Livingston S. Marshall Jr., Anne Ball, Wendell Brown, David Reid, Zsolt Nagy. DATA DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS with representatives present OSIMS John Collins, Data distribution over multiple servers (Funded by NOAA. Et al) Gulf of Main info system -- Rich S. Of USGS CERES California, 26 related projects (http://ceres.ca.gov) Olympic Marine Program Washington State . North Carolina Information Highway 70 data layers "EYESIGHT"' search engine Peter Comillon. -- DODS BRAINSTORMING SESSION for ideas/ initiatives/ proposals METADATA Metadata definition, acceptance, training, toolkits Two kinds - extractable from data set, and non-extractable eg, geographic range, versus instruments used Full documentation unlikely, split into two subset; desc. of what, where, how to get it, quick description with locator Full documentation Three categories "None" for knowledgeable colleague catalog search information full documentation DISTRIBUTED data/ Regional systems IxiX APPENDLX NOAA COA STA L OCEA. N DATA WORKSHOP Institutional issues -- how do different sources (libraries, fed, state, local, non-profit) Work together -- what is motivation? LIBRARIES DATA ANOMALY detection and reporting systems Feedback to data centers and community CATALOGUES METADATA ONLINE APPLICATIONS NAMING CONVENTIONS to uniquely identify any data or set controlled vocabulary accession number, history of changes, audit trail, lineage licensing DATA MODEL R and D., between pure research and application, - Internet access DERIVED DATA SETS to be served out (Peter C. has built one for Atlas station data) ACCESS METHODS By application or user request Ability to subset INTERFACE ISSUES Search technology Flexibility for different data representation, formatting methods RELIABILITY Peer review MULTIPLE STRATEGIES FOR OPEN ENDED PRODUCT DEVELOPM ENT lxx APPEADLY NOAA COASTA L OCEM DATA WORKSHOP Expect increased use by educational institutions for education as opposed to research, or management ONE STOP SHOPPING Virtual center for data (NOT "Virtual Data Center," which makes it sound like model output -- the Center, not the Data, is virtual.) degree of distribution standardization of formats (eg, NETCDF, others) Units -- can some variation be allowed Value-added -- analysis and synthesis, visualization, interpretation INTEGRATE with what's already being done, awareness of such things as national / international geospace standards ARCHIVING saving for long-term: a library of Congress for data (Other people have other definitions of "archiving" -- short term) END OF BRAINSTORM SESSION - Lumping issues A) ORGANIZATIONAL AND INSTITUTIONAL COORDINATION Distributed data/ regional system nodes institutional coordination Federally funded data collection and archiving archiving data - meaning of term non-federally fimded data served out by NODC Multiple strategies for open ended product design B) DATA QUALITY audit trail, data lineage Data anomaly detection and reporting back to community/ data centers Peer review C) OUTREACH & TRAINING Training, coordination, communication Meetings or BBS among developers of systems Metadata training and guidelines E-mail list NSF (Digital) Library Awareness of national geospace activities lxxi APPENDIX NOAA COA STA L OCE,4 N DATA WORKSHOP D) DATA DISCOVERY AND DESCRIPTION Catalogues Libraries Search technologies Data Lineage E) ACCESS AND DELIVERY METHODS Access methods Interface technology On demand custom CD-ROMS On line subsetting On line applications R&D Internet access F) DATA MODEL (ENV. COASTAL OCEAN) A) ORGANIZATIONAL AND INSTITUTIONAL COORDINATION NOAA establish notion that NOAA data archiving YOUR data is a good thing but maintain intellectual property protection Carrot-type incentives are needed Continuing sponsorship of forums like this for continued momentum for marine information coordination at a technical level Deep archive approach Regional NOAA funded hubs to carry NOAA/ and other data Can stimulate more local interest to contribute to the archive Increased coordination between BRD (Biological Resource Div, USGS) and Coastal data Reps Breakout group high pribifity data sets be pilot project Outreach to other institutions and organizations that are stakeholders B) DATA QUALITY NODC develop peer review process to evaluate data (for highest quality assurance level) develop common quality control methods Discipline specific Develop methods to describe data so that quality can be assessed by user Methods to assess quality and publish (versus assurance of quality Hold a workshop to establish these methods lxxii APPENDIX NOAA COASTAL OCEAN DATA WORKSHOP Audit trail and lineage functions for derived products Be able to discover dependencies C) OUTREACH & TRAINING NOAA, in cooperation with FGDC and state partners, take a metadata training session on the road to the regions Tool used online for training in metadata Involve librarians, use regional NOAA libraries as tool Develop metadata SWAT team Annual national and regional meetings IEEE Digital library community, or in conjunction with national meetings D) DATA DISCOVERY AND DESCRIPTION Coordinate Tier I data documentation GILS for Data Locator, or Tier I data Controlled vocabulary be developed in coordination with library community E) ACCESS AND DELIVERY METHODS Get high level data (derived products) should be readily subsetted Support distributed'data systems -- Explore options, such as: NOAA server concept - distributed access system within NOAA F) DATA MODEL (ENV. COASTAL OCEAN) Acronyms BBS - Electronic Bulletin Boards Server FGDC - Federal Geographic Data Committee NETCDF - Network Common Data Format SWAT - Special Weapons Assault Team lxxiii JINIIIIIIIIIIIIIII 3 6668 14100 0804