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HEL 1T ........... t GC1 085 ment of Commerce Technical Assistance Bulletin #104 M28 1991 Atmospheric Administratiorf C.3 Resource Managemerit QP Foreword March 1991 Marine debris gained national attention during the summers of 1987 and 1988 as a result of the medical waste washups and beach closures along the East coast. Although these washups and closures helped to earn ocean pollution a place on the cover of Time magazine, they represent a remarkably small section of the marine debris problem. Over a million marine animals are killed yearly by marine debris. Vessel damage attributed to debris has been costly to repair and poses a real threat to mariner safety. It has become clear that marine debris is more than just an aesthetic problem. Marine debris has been recognized by the Administration and the Congress as a problem which significantly impacts our coastal and marine resources. The Coastal Zone Act Reauthorization Amendments of 1990 encourage coastal states to reduce marine debris entering our coastal waters by managing uses and activities that contribute to this entrance. This report and bibliography have been prepared to aid the states in their efforts. This document has been organized into three sections. The report (Part 1) offers a brief introduction to the causes and impacts of marine debris followed by an outline of selected local, state, and federal efforts in debris reduction. Ile bibliography cites research reports, articles, books, and legislation which address marine debris. The bibliography lists citations both by subject (Part. H) and by author (Part M). For further information on activities described in this repoM refer to the responsible agency cited in the bibliograpby or contact the Coastal Program Division, 1825 Connecticut Avenue, N.W, Washington, DC 20235, Tel. (202) 573-515& OQ 4n Admowiadpamts OCRM would like to thank the Center for Marine Conservation, the Coastal Zone Information Center, the Marine Entanglement Research*Program, the NOAA Library, and the individual state agencies which provided the information necessM to produce this bibliography. OCRM thanks Chauncey Goss for compiling the bi bliography and authoring this report. Table of Contents Part I An Overview of the Issues Surrounding Marine Debris Introduction and Background .............................. e ............ 1 Legislation ............................................... I .......... 3 Enforcement ................. I ..................................... 5 Port Recycling and Boater Awareness ....................... ............. 8 Educating the General Public .......................................... 10 Coastal Program Involvement .......................................... 13. Part ff Marine Debris Bibliography by Subject Explanation of Subjects ............................................. 11-1 Beach Cleanups ................................................... 11-5 Entangle ......................................................... II-11 General Articles .................................................... 11-15 Plastic Articles .................................................. 11-21 Plastic Publications ........................... ..................... 11-26 Ports and Ships ........ ; ......................................... 11-30 Regulations and Legislation ......................................... 11-33 Part HI Marine Debris Bibliography by Author MARINE DEBRIS STATUS REPORT PART INTRODUCMON In recognition of evidence suggesting marine debris has become a coastal problem which needs to be addressed at the national, state, and local levels, the newly. reauthorized Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972 kCZMA) was amended to include language on marine debris. Section 6210 of the "Coastal Zone Act Reauthorization Amendments of 1990" amends section 309 of the CZMA to include marine debris abatement as one of eight objectives for the newly created Coastal Zone Enhancement Grants program. Under this program, states have been encouraged tomake grants available for "reducing marine debris entering the Nation's coastal and ocean environment by managing uses and activities that.contribute to the entrance of such debris." CZM programs can play a strong role in helping to reduce marine debris by educating both the general public and manners, through management plans which stress recycling and convenient waste disposal, and..through coordinated outreach programs to involve those who regulate and those who create the waste stream. This paper examines the problems caused by debris and some of the approaches which have been - ( implemented to address these problems with a special emphasis on plastics as Toatable" or "persistent" marine debris. BACKGROUND Plastics are problematic to, the marine environment for the very reasons that they are attractive to the marine community. Because plastics are fight, durable, strong, and inexpensive, they make the perfect medium for fishing equipment and product packaging- While not all marine debris is composed of plastics, it is plastics that have thrust the ancient practice of marine disposal into the public and regulatory spotlight. Even though the explosive growth of plastic usage in our society is primarily a post-World War II phenomenon, a significant amount of plastic waste may be found washed up on the remotest shores of Antarctica (Wong, et. al, 1976)., Considering the amount of plastics produced in this country and the amount of plastics discarded by ships worldwide, the fact that persistent debris spares no marine water body is not surprising. In 195.8, the United States produced approximately three billion pounds of plastic. By 1-988, fifty seven billion pounds of plastic were produced, representing an almost twentyfold increase in thirty years (Modem Plastics, 1989). 1 Current projections suggest a continuation of this level of production into the twenty-first century. As plastics become more pervasive aboard ships, there is a greater likelihood they will end up as marine debris. In 1975, it was estimated by the National Academy of Sciences that nearly six and a half billion pounds of marine debris was being discarded by vessels into the sea yearly. It was also estimated that seven percent (nearly forty five million pounds) of this debris was plastic (NAS, 1975). As the use of plastics mi society has escalated, so too has the cost of improper plastics disposal. Marine debris has become responsible for economic losses and poses a threat to the safety and livelihood of the marine community in general. Plastic nets and line can become entangled in propellers and plastic sheeting can be drawn into and obstruct engine cooling intakes. In a survey taken in Newport Oregon, fifty eight percent of the fishermen surveyed indicated that they had incurred costs due to damage caused by plastic debris. On the average, the damage the debris inflicted upon these vessels cost two thousand seven hundred and fifty dollars (Recht, 1988). In a study which examined the insurance claims by Japanese fishing vessels, it was determined that plastics were the leading cause of engine dairage at sea and that fifty million dollars had been awarded to vessels for repairs of damage caused by marine debris (Takehama).' is no longer a threat to mariners. The literature suggests, in fact, that this is where the The costs of marine debris do not dissipate once that debris has washed ashore and costs actually skyrocket. The medical waste washups during the summers of 1987 and 1988 in New York and New Jersey, while bringing the problems of marine debris in general (and medical waste in particular) to the nation's attention, have done so at a great economic cost to these states. It has been estimated that the loss in direct expenditures in New York and New Jersey during 1988 as a result of marine debris fell somewhere between one and five billion dollars (Stewart et al., 1989). In Santa Monica California, a city which is not nationally known for its marine debris problem, over one and a quarter million dollars was spent in 1988 alone to ensure that the beaches were free from debris (City of Santa Monica, 1988). Even though this was not the medical waste which had received so much attention on the east coast, it was the everyday garbage (six-pack rings, plastic bags, bottles, cans, etc.) that each coastal community must leam to confront. It is this unspectacular everyday marine debris which jeopardizes access to, and.threatens the quality of, one of this nation's favorite recreational resources. one can argue that the samples in these surveys are not representative of all vessels bemuse they were conducted in the heavily fished'waters of the Northern Pacific where one would eq)m to find a higher incidence of vessel-plastic interaction. Ilese studies are specific to fishing vessels which by their nature operate in waters laden with plastics. 17hese studies were not designed, however, to be representative of the whole marine community. 717hey were designed to show that a large sector of this community is incurring substantial costs as a result of marine debris, -2- Plastics discarded in the marine environment are more than problematic to mariners and unsightly to beachgoers; they are deadly to marine animals. Even though they are not considered to)dc, animals ingesting, plastics often suffer adverse effects through the fouling of their digestive systems. Marine turtles are widely known to mistake plastic bags for jelly fish while seabirds often mistake plastic resin pellets for fish eggs. Balazs (1975) has documented 79 reports of plastic debris being found in the stomachs or digestive tracts of turtles which contributed to or caused their mortality.2 Plastic pellets are not, usually lethal to the adult birds that ingest them, however upon regurgitation for feeding their young, the plastics have often proven to be indigestible to the juveniles (Day et al, 1985). Ingestion, however, is not the only threat plastics pose to marine life. Due to its longevity in the marine environment and its inherent strength, plastic debris is an effective trap for any animal unfortunate enough to become entangled. Ingestion and entanglement cause the deAth of an estimated one hundred thousand marine mammals and more than a million seabirds each year. Just as disturbing is the fact that of.the two hundred and eighty worldwide species of seabirds, eighteen percent are known to ingest plastics. In certain geographic areas such as Hawaii and Alaska, that percentage climbs as high as eighty eight percent (Day, 1985). It has also been suggested that marine debris has been responsible for the decline of the Northern fur sea] populations on the Pribilof Islands. Up to forty thousand of these seals may die due to entanglement each year,(Fowler, 1985, 1987). LEGISLAITON @While mortality rates as high as these are a new phenomenon caused in part by the overall increases of at sea disposal combined*with the plastics composition of this debris, 3 the laws that regulate marine disposal in this country are almost a century old . The Refuse Act has regulated disposal of debris from ships since 1899 by malcing it illegal to dispose of debris over the sides in U.S. navigable waters., This law, however, only ' prohibits disposal, in rivers and harbors and within a three mile boundary seaward of the United States' coasts. Not until recently has legislation been enacted to address the problems associated with 'persistent marine debris directly. An known species of turtles in domestic waters are listed as either *endangered* or 1hreatened' under the Endangered Species Act The ability to accurately estimate mortality rates is in itself a new phenomenon and Will discount somewhat the claims of large increases in mortality within a population attributable to anything other than improved data collection techniques and methodology. -3- In 1985, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) established the Marine Entanglement Research Program (MERP) in response to public concern over the impacts of marine debris on wildlife. One of the primary goals of this program has been to come to a better understanding of the origin, amount, distribution, fate, and effects of plastic and other synthetic debris in the marine environment (Coe and Bunn, 1987). With that understanding, MERP has been able to develop and implement efforts in education and mitigation. While MERP received its authority statutorily through the Marine Protection, Research, and Sanctuaries Act, the Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act, the Endangered Species Act,and the Marine Mammals Protection Act, there still existed no law which attempted to prohibit vessel generated plastics disposal directly into the sea. In 1987, in recognition that persistent marine debris was threatening our marine wildlife, our coastal economies, and the safety of our mariners, the Congress adopted legislation to prohibit plastics disposal at sea. The Marine Plastic Pollution Research and Control Act and the Driftnet Impact Monitoring, Assessment and Control Act were passed as Titles II and IV respectively of P.L. 100-220. Title 11, the Marine Plastic Pollution Research and Control Act, was passed as a means to control domestic marine plastics pollution from vessels. This Act has placed a ban on plastics disposal from vessels using the criteria of the International Maritime Organization's (IMO) MARPOL Annex V, of which the United States became a signatory in 1987." Title 11 expands Annex V by making it unlawful for any vessel (other than military) to discard plastic debris in the United States' Exclusive Economic Zone (a two hundred mile seaward boundary). Title II also extends Annex V so that it applies to United States commercial and recreational flagships in all foreign bodies of water. Congress passed Title IV of P.L 100-220 (the Driftnet Impact Monitoring, Assessment and Control Act) primarily to address the problems surrounding the use of drift gillnets by both the foreign and domestic commercial fisheries of the North Pacific. The regulation of driftnets has been viewed as a distinct and separate problem from that of ship-generated plastics waste disposal, and therefore was introduced as a separate title. Title IV requires NOAA to evaluate the nature, extent, and effect these driftnets; -have had upon the marine environment. Title IV also charges NOAA with the responsibility of studying the feasibility of driftnet marking registry and identification systems, driftnet bounty programs, and the use of alternative materials in the construction of driftnets. 4MA"OL stands for marine pollution. MARPOL 73/78 addresses the problem of operational pollution from ships and is constructed of five Annexes. Annex I and 11 address shipboard pollution from oil and noxious liquid substances. Annexes 1IL IV and V are optional to signatory nations and address ship-generated pollution by packaged hazardous materials, sewage, and garbage respectively. -4- ecause Title I,I and Title IV address distinct problems, Congress has provided only Title II with enforcement provisions. On November 2, 1987, the Senate approved optional Annex V to the MARPOL 73/78 Convention, entitled "Regulation for the Prevention of Pollution by Garbage from Ships."' Annex V is divided into three mandates. First, it prohibits the discharge at sea of all plastics, including synthetic ropes, synthetic nets and fishing lines, and garbage bags. There is, however, a specific exclusion granted for "the accidental loss of synthetic fishing nets or synthetic material incidental to the repair of such nets, provided that all reasonable precaution's have been taken to prevent such loss." Second, it limits the location at sea where other types of nonplastic garbage may be discharged. Finally, and perhaps most importantly due to considerations of enforceability, Annex V requires that party nations ensure that ports provide accessible reception facilities for ships' garbage. Title II of P.L. 100-220 addressed the enforcement provisions.of Annex V by requiring the U.S. Coast Guard to be responsible for enforcement. ENFORCEMENT The Coast Guard has the primary responsibility for enforcing the regulations which implement Annex V of MARPOL The Act to Prevent Pollution from Ships (33 USC 1901 et s .), authorizes the Coast Guard to administer and enforce discharge provisions of Annex V. While the law does not specifically require an active response (cleanup), it does provide for a maximum civil penalty of twenty five thousand dollars per offense, and a maximum criminal penalty of fifty thousand dollars and/or five years imprisonment for a person who knowingly violates this Act. It also bestows upon the Captain of the Port (COTP) the authority to deny vessels entry into any port where there are insufficient waste reception facilities. Due to the difficulty'in ensuring oceangoing ships comply with this law, the Coast Guard has implemented rules which concentrate on education and port/vessel cooperation in solid waste disposal. The Coast Guard has placed the responsibility of adequate and convenient waste collection facilities upon the ports. The Coast Guard requires that ports provide vessels with well-marked and conveniently located waste disposal facilities.. While the port is not required to haul the waste itself, it must provide the vessel with the names of contractors who will. The Coast Guard realizes the potential burden these requirements place on ports and has remarked that reception facilities for garbage are an "ancillary (though now mandated) service provided by port and terminal op'erators,"'and has recognized it is not the port's primary reason for being in business (Federal Register, 18400, 1989). -5- Ports which receive oceangoing ships subject to Annex I and II or which receive more than five hundred thousand pounds of commercial fishery products are required to have a Certificate Adequacy (COA) from the Coast Guard (Federal Register, 18393, 1989). The COA will ensure that the COTP has evaluated a port's ability to comply with the reception facility requirements. Fortunately, there have been a number of projects which examine ways in which ports may effectively and competitively manage the sudden increases in waste they must handle as a result of MARPOL 73/78. It has been estimated that the recreational fleet is the largest producer of marine debris, accounting for nearly sixty percent of all marine generated waste, and it is in this sector that the Coast Guard admits that its enforcement capabilities have been stretched (Eastern Research Group, 1988). All marinas and recreational boating facilities which have slips for more than ten vessels are required to provide waste reception facilities for those vessels with which they are engaged in business. Obviously, the number of marinas and boating facilities meeting this standard are far too numerous to regulate actively. Instead, the Coast Guard requests that mariners report to them those marinas which do not provide adequate facilities. The Coast Guard, however, will only be able to pursue these reports on an "as resources permit basis" (USCG. Commandant Instruction, 1989). It is in this area of enforcement that state and local governments can effectively and efficiently aid the Coast Guard in helping to ensure compliance with the plastic pollution prevention regulations. The Coast Guard has requested help in the form of state laws mimicking MARPOL whereby the enforcement responsibility of MARPOL could be shared with state agencies. Mississippi passed just such a law when it passed the Marine Litter Act of 1989 (MLA). This law makes it illegal to dump any trash, garbage, or other debris into state coastal waters and, it has charged the Bureau of Marine Resources (BMR) with the responsibility of enforcement. The MLA carries the penalty of a misdemeanor with fines not to exceed five hundred dollars for the first infraction and ten thousand dollars for subsequent infractions. The Marine Utter Act has received a great deal of attention as it has been perceived as the first law attempting to address marine debris at the state level. However, many states have laws which address the problems of marine debris through broad water pollution legislation. In a survey taken by the National Association of State Boating Law Administrators (NASBIA) in September of 1989, thirty seven states responded that they currently had laws prohibiting the discharge of boat waste as described in Annex V of MARPOL The existence of this legislation suggests that while states may have adequate enforcement capabilities, they do not necessarily have resources to address marine debris directly. -6- While the NILA helps reduce the burden on the Coast Guard, it fails to address the underlying problems surrounding the difficulty of enforcing compliance. Enforcement techniques tend to be expensive, often their effectiveness is outweighed by, their costs, given the tremendous volume of vessel traffic On our waterways. This reflects 'the fact that marine debris doe's not have a readily apparent origin. Because it is impractical to assume that increased enforcement and surveillance 'will catch and prosecute enough vessels to solve the marine debris problem (or fund the costs of abatement programs), most states and localities are concentrating their efforts on boater education and public awareness campaigns. PORT RECYCLJNG AND BOATER AWARENESS PROJECTS Perhaps one of the most effective methods to educate the marine community to the dangers of plastic wastes has been undertaken in coordinated efforts by state and local governments through marina and port waste management programs. The ports which have attempted to come to grips with their increased waste stream (due to MARPOL), have communicated and cooperated wellwith, mariners to ensure uncomplicated voluntary compliance. Projects undertaken by the ports *'in conjunction with local, state, and federal efforts provide an excellent opportunity for coastal zone programs to become involved with marine debris abatement. Marine debris abatement projects need not be expensive if a certain amount of creativity is utilized. In some instances, they even provide the port or marina with a more cost effective waste management program than it initially had by capitalizing on profits collected through recycling. Port-supported recycling programs may also benefit the community by ensuring that a steady stream of pre-sorted recyclable waste is available. This steady stream tends to make the community a more attractive customer for waste management contractors. Through recycling, the community may reduce the burden it is placing on its landfill. For many coastal communities which are facing landfill capacity in the next decade, these port and marina recycling projects are brimming with potential. The Port of Newport, Oregon The. Port of Newport undertook a pilot project between January'1987 and March ' 1988 to improve port refuse facilities, educate port users, and to disseminate the results of these efforts to other ports. This project - the Marine Refuse Disposal Project - was funded through a ninety seven thousand dollar grant from NOAXs Marine Entanglement Research Program and a twenty.nine thousand dollar in kind commitment from the Port of Newport. The initial focus of this program was the education of commercial and recreational fishermen to the problems caused by marine debris. As most of these fishermen could empathize with the costs of lost fishing times and vessel repairs debris -7- caused, their cooperation was enthusiastic (Recht, 1990). Part of this cooperation included separating waste for recycling purposes. Through an extensive public awareness campaign combined with planning in such areas as dumpster size and placement and the utilization of a garbage barge for refuse too heavy to carry from vessels, the port was able to elicit port-wide involvement and cooperation from its users. Through recycling, the port actually accrued a profit while disposing of considerably more waste than they had in the past. The recycling of materials such as cardboard and metal has reduced the amount of refuse needing landfill disposal by one third (Recht, 1990). The Port of Newport was chosen for this project because it caters to diverse demands and is active, while at the same time being relatively small. The port supplies moorage and services for up to eight hundred commercial vessels as well as operating a six hundred berth recreational vessel marina and a two berth deep draft shipping terminal. This project has encouraged the participation of all sectors of the port in disposal and recycling. Fishermen have been used in radio and television commercials to educate the public about marine debris. During special occasions, some have even dressed in nets and marched in parades to bring the marine debris message to the public. This program has been a success because it has taken the time to garner public support while at the same time solidifying a concentrated effort within the port community to reduce marine debris. Marina Project in New Jersey New Jersey's marina project was initiated mi November of 1989 and has been jointly funded through matching grants by the U.S. EPA and the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection. The techniques used in this program have concentrated on raising the marine community's awareness of recycling in generaL and of the new responsibilities placed upon mariners by MARPOL in particular. This effort has included two direct mail campaigns to the owners of vessels. The first campaign targeted aH registered vessel owners through the State's Motor Vehicle Services. An informational packet on- plastic marine debris was mailed to all registered boat owners. The second direct mail campaign took place as part of a.prograrn which had targeted three marinas for an intense public awareness campaign. In their annual dockage bills, vessel owners were provided with plastic ma*rine debris information and notification of their marina's participation in the progranL -The primary goal of this prog ram has been to persuade mariners in New Jersey to recycle their trash. New Jersey currently has recycling laws in place which make it mandatory for businesses to recycle at least three items. Most marinas, however, have yet to start recycling programs due to their short seasons, their lack of knowledge about -8- recycling progiams, and the fact that most will not feel compelled to start a program unless their local authorities are aggressively pursuing recycling (Doherty, 1990). The goals of this project were not unlike the Port of Newport's. Emphasis has been placed on educating boaters and marina operators, encouraging visitors (transients) to participate, and informing the public of the goverrunent's involvement in marine pollution. The three recreational marinas chosen for this project represented a diverse range in size, location, amount of transient traffic served, and the format of.their solid waste operations. At all the marinas, well marked containers were placed in' easily accessible locations for mariner's waste disposal -needs. The mariners had been encouraged both with signs and through personal interaction with program staff to sort garbage on their vessel upon disposal to ensure only sorted waste entered the containers. Through trial and error, the program staff found that in order to ensure compliance, the program has to remain flexible enough to adjust to the unforseen needs of boaters. When the - program staff found that the recycling dumpsters were being largely ignored and fined with unsorted garbage, it took only a minor adjustment to improve compliance. The dumpsters were replaced with colored receptacles that were different enough to make people think twice before discarding unsorted wastes into them (Doherty, 1990). This project has stressed'the importance of flexibility as the key to successful compliance. New Hampshire's 'Trashmaster" Program Another tactic which has been used to help reduce marine debris is the offering of an incentive (beyond clean water) for mariners to bring ashore.as much trash as they can. Typically, some sort of competition is established whereby the mariner who consistently disposes of the most trash ashore relative to their vessel size is eligible for special recognition and a prize. Incentive-based boater awareness ca .mpaigns have become common at fishing derbies and other events which bring a large number of vessels together. The Wentworth-by-the-Sea Marina in New Castle, New Hampshire in coordination with the University of New Hampshire Sea Grant Extension Program and corporate sponsorship, hosted an incentive-based waste return program for their customers during the summer of 1989. This program.offered an incentive for mariners to participate by issuing a receipt for each full garbage *bag turned in by the boater and then entering that receipt in a monthly drawing for marine supplies. Ile mariners wire required to pay a five dollar entry fee for which they were issued a summer's supply of trash bags and the right to qualify for the drawings. Two corporations provided a total of seventeen thousand dollars to cover the expenses of the program. In exchange, the sponsors received their names printed on the garbage bags and promotional pieces. This program collected five thousand garbage bags during the summer (Doyle and Barnaby, 1990). As there was no control group, therd-is no indication whether this is more than would have been collected normally by the marina in the absence of the program. The Trashmaster program did not require the boaters to separate their trash, although there was a receptacle provided for the disposal of aluminum cans, so it is difficult to judge whether the marina could have profited through recycling. Regardless of collection rates and recycling successes, the program did foster public awareness and support for marine debris abatement efforts. The fact that over thirty si:K percent of the marina's boats registered and participated in the program indicates a certain level of public awareness was achieved. The Gulf of Me7dco Program The Gulf of Meidco Program was established by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in 1988 as a joint effort between regional offices in Atlanta, GA and Dallas, TX to "take a comprehensive regional approach to solving pollution problems which threaten'the natural, social, and economic viability of the Gulf of Meidco" (Lipka, 1989). One of the goals of this program is to reduce marine debris by increasing the public's awareness of debris reduction strategies. Under the Take Pride Gulf Wide campaign, the Boater's Pledge for a Clean Gulf program has been proposed to reduce marine debris by having boaters sign a pledge stating they understand the environmental consequences of marine debris and that they will refrain from discarding debris over the side. Once. this pledge is signed and returned to the Gulf program office, the boater Will be sent a sticker to be displayed on their vessel and a certificate (suitable for framing) stating the pledge. This proposed boater awareness campaign would be implemented in all five of the Gulf states. EDUCATING THE GENERAL PUBLIC Most efforts made thus far in marine debris abatement have centered around education. Because we are only just realizing that the ocean is finite in its powers of dilution, especially when compounded by the nondegradability of plastics, there. are many who continue to treat wastes at sea in a traditional manner out of ignorance rather than malice. It is for this reason that before enforcement is pursued aggressively, an honest attempt at education should be made. If responsible waste management can be learned at an early age, less t--ffort will have to be spent on adult education. Many states incorporate marine debris education in state environmental education curriculum in the primary, elementary, or secondary schools. As not all educatio In can take place at school, however, many successful educational activities targeting the general public have been instituted. As a certain amount of flexibility is needed to* ensure an effective educational program within any state, there is no one model of what that program should look like. Beach Cleanups and Surveys Voluntary beach cleanups demand the most public participation and, as they involve more than just the marine community, do more to increase the general public's awareness of marine debris, both plastic and otherwise, than any other activity. NOAA, the Coast Guard, and EPA help to support most of these state organized cleanups. The Center for Marine Conservation (CMC), with funding from the Marine Entanglement Research Program, hasestablished two marine debris information offices and a marine debris database. These offices act as clearinghouses for marine debris educational and informational materials. It is with the aid of these materials that state cleanup activities are undertaken. Each state organizes and implements its own beach cleanup as part of the national Coastweeks celebrations. While volunteers clean the beaches, they.also, record the debris they have found onto data information cards. These cards are then sent to the CMC for entry into their database and analysis.. The results detailing the types of debris collected from state to state are published yearly by the CMC.- One of the goals of the cleanups has been to target specific sources of pollution and record who is not .complying with the Marine Plastic Pollution Research and Control Act. Often, debris will have the violator's name printed on it, thereby revealing its probable source. Space has been provided on the collection card for this information. Although this information could be used as evidence if legal action were to be pursued, typically it used to embarrass image conscious firms, when the results are published. Beach cleanups, while being reactive rather than proactive activities, are important for a number of reasons. Beach cleanups allow for a quantification of exactly what has been washing up on our beaches. Improved data makes it possible to evaluate whether marine debris abatement policies have been effective and whether we are making any progress in marine debris reduction.. Perhaps the most obvious benefit of beach cleanups is that they remove debris from the beaches. Much of this debris has the potential to be refloated, so its removal not only affects the beach where it is collected, but also benefits the coast that it would have washed ashore upon next. In 1989, approximately eight hundred and sixty tons of debris were collected from this nation's beaches by more than forty seven thousand volunteers (CMC@ 1990). It is a gesture of state pride to clean up one's beach as well as being educational for those who participate. Successful marine debris abatement will only take place through increasing citizens' public awareness, and the beach cl eanups create this opportunity perfectly. Texas' Adopt-A-Beach Program Texas is widely credited as being the first state to develop beach cleanups and marine debris awareness campaigns. Through both state and national media, Texas was able to bring marine debris and beach cleanups to the nation's attention well before medical waste washed ashore in New York and New Jersey. The Texas Com. missioner of Lands Office issued press releases about the successes of the beach cleanups and the Adopt-A- Beach program as well as developing public service announcements promoting the program a nd the cleanups. The Adopt-A-Beach program was developed in 1987 by that office in a response to the successes of the 1986 beach cleanup. Through this program, volunteers clean their adopted beach three times a year and document their finds on CMC data cards. Much of this data has been used in Congressional testimony and acted as documentation for supporters of the United States' ratification of MARPOL Annex V. Maine's Educatio n Program The State of Maine's Planning Office in conjunction with the Maine Coastal Program has published a booklet called "Charting Our Course: An Activity Guide for Grades 6-12 on Water Quality in the Gulf of Maine.' The publication is specific to Maine's coastal waters and provides an activities-based curriculum for Maine teachers. There is a chapter in this booklet dedicated to marine debris which includes educational activities the teachers should stress in order to make the problems of marine debris "real" to their students. The funds for this project were provided by NOAA!s Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management. California's Adopt-A-Beach Program The California Coastal Commission's Adopt-A-Beach School Education Program is not unlike Maine's educational program in that it suggests activities for the educator to use to spark the interest of the student in coastal issues. California's program incorporates the beach cleanup as an ongoing project in which the class participates. Classes adopt a local beach and register that adoption with the Coastal Commission. After classroom sessions that educate the students about beach ecosystems, marine debris, and recycling, a field trip is taken to the adopted beach. The students collect all the debris they can find on their beach and take any that can be recycled to local recycling centers. -12- Washington's Action Plan for Marine Debris The State of Washington's Marine Plastic Debris Action Plan recognizes the importance of educating both the marine and the. general communities about marine debris. In 1988, the Commissioner of Public Lands appointed a task force of agency and organization representatives to develop a state action plan for addressing marine debris. The purpose of the task force has been to increase public awareness of and interest in marine debris and to -coordinate public and private efforts in debris education and abatement programs. The action recommendations of this task force range from establishing a school curriculum program to developing a public outreach program with public service announcements, publications, and marine debris awareness events (ie. beach cleanups, boat shows, and fairs). Perhaps the most effective part of Washington's plan has been not through its attem' . pts to educate school children and the general public, but has come through its efforts to educate those state agencies which had been ignorant of marine debris and the role they could play in reducing it. Alaska's Marine Debris Education Kit The Alaska Sea Grant College Program has developed a marine debris information kit for educators which contains posters, buttons, brochures, and teaiChing activities designed to educate the public about marine debris. This kit contains a-booklet produced by Sea Grant in conjunction with the Alaska Coastal Management Program and Alaskans for Litter Prevention and Recycling which outlines the problems associated with marine debris and suggests organizational techniques which can be used in beach cleanups. While much of the information in this kit is applicable to any coastal state, the focus of the document is on Alaska's coastal environments. COASTAL PROGRAM RNOLVEME-NT The coastal zone management programs can play an important role in ensuring that the public, the marine community, and the state's regulatory agencies are aware of and actively involved with marine debris abatement. There is a definite need not only for education in this area, but -also for the coordination of, and in some cases the inspiration Ile state coastal programs are advantageously positioned to take the lead in for, e this area as they are familiu with the range of needs within coastal communities and the' likelihood of those needs being addressed given the existing regulatory and bureaucratic structures. Without a coordination of both knowledge and effort, debris reduction programs will find effectiveness elusive. Although ports and marinas are monitored by the Coast -13- Guard, it is unrealistic to think that given their other responsibilities the Coast Guard has the will or the wherewithal to ensure that there is a dumpster conveniently located at the head of every dock in the United States. It is possible that a Coast Guard station, while being aware that it is illegal for vessels to throw plastics overboard, knows nothing about the reception facility requirements for smaller ports and marinas. Without a coordination of effort and knowledge, it is also possible for a town to have an efficient curbside recycling program, but to neglect the inclusion of ports and marinas in that program. The need for coordination can be met through active outreach programs. The state coastal zone management programs can provide an effective vehicle for this coordination. Land use management planning, although not designed specifically to combat marine debris, could provide an excellent opportunity for coastal managers to address marine debris, especially in the areas of marina, port, and harbor. development. Marina permitting activities, for instance, could address marine debris by imposing operational constraints such as dumpster or recycling requirements. Whether or not marine debris programs include industry and other state agencies for both financial and operational support will most likely dictate the success of any such program. In order for the state CZM programs to address the problems surrounding marine debris efficiently and effectively, a knowledge of, and a relationship with, those state agencies currently responsible for enforcement or involved in educational activities is essential. While most states have enforcement capabilities, many find it fiscally unattractive to exercise them. It would be beneficial for the CZM programs to be familiar with any demonstration projects or educational campaigns which have taken place in their states and to understand the relative effectiveness of each of those projects. Demonstration projects in enforcement, education, and coastal development planning which recognize and combat marine debris could all be considered feasible by the CZM programs. By addressing marinedebris from a management perspective, efforts to control debris will be better coordinated, less reactive, and more effective. -14- MARINE DEBRIS BIBLIOGRAPHY BY SUBJECT PART MARINE DEBRIS BIBLIOGRAPHY Explanation of Subjects BEACH CLEANUP This section contains material that has been written on both beach cleanups and beach surveys. Beach cleanups and surveys are usuaflywell organized attempts to document all that has washed ashore. They result in both raw data (for statistical analysis) and cleaner beaches. This documentation tends to be helpful in determining the extent and origin of marine debris in a given. area. ENTANGLE This section includes articles and publications concerning the impacts plastic marine ,debris has had upon marine wildlife. Thousands of animals are killed each year due to entanglement within and ingestion of plastic debris. Gen/ArL This section includes articles from newspapers and magazines which encompass the issues of solid waste management and'marine debris in general. GENERAL This category contains publications about marine debris and solid waste which are not solely applicable to any oth er section. PLASART. This section contains articles which pertain directly to plastic marine debris or plastics waste management. A. fairly large category with many articles for those just becoming familiar with the issues. PLASTIC Publications directly related to Plastic marine debris, plastics waste management, .or the plastics industry. PORT/SFJ3P A category for those interested in the affects of marine debris legislation upon the marine community. This section has.many articles and publications which examine MARPOL Annex V and how it will affect ports/marinas and the shipping industry. REGAEG. This category documents regulatory and legislative actions directed at curbing marine debris in general and plastic marine debris in particular. This office has a copy of those selections marked with an asterisk- MARINE DEBRIS BIBLIOGRAPHY BY SUBJECT NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION OFFICE OF OCEAN AND COASTAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT SUBJECT AUTHOR TITLE DATE COMMENTS BEACH AMOS, A. SURVEY AND FINDINGS OF BEACH DEBRIS 1988 IN PROC. 8th ANNUAL GULF OF CLEANUP ON MUSTANG BEACH, TEXAS. MEXICO INFORMATION TRANSFER MEETING. MMS/OCS.- BEACH BATTELLE STUDY.OF FLOATABLE DEBRIS IN U.S. 9-90 FOR U.S. EPA WASHINGTON, CLEANUP HARBORS. DC.* BEACH CALIFORNIA COASTAL COMMISSION "ADOPT-A-BEACH" SCHOOL EDUCATION 1989 THE OCEANIC SOCIETY, SAN CLEANUP PROGRAM. FRANCISCO SAY CHAPTER.* BEACH CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL TEXAS COASTAL CLEANUP REPORT. 1988 CLEANUP EDUCATION. BEACH CENTER FOR MARINE CONSERVATION COASTAL CONNECTION SUMMER CMC NEWSLETTER ON MARINE CLEANUP 1990 DEBRIS CLEANUP EFFORTS.* BEACH CENTER FOR MARINE CONSERVATION NATIONAL MARINI DEBRIS-DATABASE: 7-17-90 FOR NOAA/NMFS-MERP.* CLEANUP FINAL REPORT. BEACH @COE, J.M. MANUAL FOR MONITORING IN PRESS DRAFT REPORT FOR IOC MARINE CLEANUP PLASTIC/MANMADE DEBRIS ON BEACHES POLLUTION MONITORING UNIT, AND AT SEA. UNESCO, PARIS. BEACH COLE, ANDREW C. et at. ANNUAL REPORT OF THE NATIONAL PARK 9-90 U.S. DOI/NPS TECHNICAL CLEANUP MARINE DEBRIS MONITORING REPORT PROGRAM:1989 14ARINE DEBRIS SIJRVEY. #NPS/NRWV/NRTR-90/04.* BEACH GOCHFELD, M. RISK OF ACCIUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY 5-88 APPENDIX 3 TO NJ THE STATE CLEANUP SYNDROMIE (A.I.D.S.) OR H.I.V. OF THE OCEAN.* INFECTION FROM EXPOSURE TO NEEDLESTICK AT THE NEW JERSEY SHORE. BEACH GOLD, ALAN R. BEACH-CLEANING ARMIES AWAIT THE 5-27-90 NEW YORK TIMES.* CLEANUP DEBRIS OF SLWMER. BEACH HENDERSON, J.R., S.L. AUSTIN & SUMMARY OF WEBBING AND NET FRAGMENTS 1987 NOAA/MMFS-SWFC. CLEANUP M.S. PILLOS FOUND ON THE NORTHWESTERN HAWAIIAN ISLAND BEACHES. BEACH JOHNSON, SCOTT W. ENTANGLE14ENT DEBRIS ON ALASKAN 9-90 NOAA/NMFS NWAFC PROCESSED CLEANUP BEACHES, 1989. REPORT 90-10.* BEACH JOYCE ERIN VOLUNTEERS COMO NEW HAMPSHIRE 9-25-89 PORTSMOUTH HERALD, NN.* CLEANUP BEACHES CLEAR OF LITTER. 11-2 BEACH KING, R. TRASH AND DEBRIS ON THE BEACHES OF 1985 U.S. DOI, NATIONAL PARK CLEANUP PADRE ISLAND NATIONAL SEASHORE. SERVICE INTERNAL REPORT. BEACH LAREAU, JANE SOUTH CAROLINA CONFRONTS ITS LITTER 19a8 COASTAL HERITAGE, S.C. SEA CLEANUP PROBLEM. GRANT CONSORTIUM, pa.* BEACH LUBASCH, ARNOLD H. KEAN AND KOCH PLAN TO USE INMATES TO 1-24-89 NEW YORK TIMES.* CLEANUP CLEAN SHORE. BEACH MARANISS, LINDA ALL ABOUT BEACH CLEANUPS 1989 CENTER FOR MARINE CLEANUP CONSERVATION. GUIDE TO PLANNING A BEACH CLEANUP.* BEACH MERRELL, T. AND S. JOHNSON SURVEYS OF PLASTIC MARINE DEBRIS ON 1987 NOAA/NMFS F/NWC-116. CLEANUP ALASKAN BEACHES, 1985. BEACH MERRELL, T.R. JR ACCUMULATION OF PLASTIC LITTER ON 1980 MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL CLEANUP BEACHES OF AMCHITKA ISLAND, ALASKA. RESEARCH, 3:171-184 BEACH MORGAN, FRANK H. TEXAS ADOPT-A-BEACH PROGRAM. 12-87 IN PROC. 8th ANNUAL GULF OF CLEANUP MEXICO INFORMATION TRANSFER MEETING, MMS/Ocs.* BEACH MORRIS, JULIE TEXAS ISLAND IS AWASH IN LITTER. 5-25-90 USA TODAY.* CLEANUP, BEACH NEILSON, JUDIE THE OREGON EXPERIENCE. 1985 IN SHOMURAIS PROCEEDINGS OF CLEANUP THE WORKSHOP ON THE FATE AND IMPACT OF MARINE DEBRIS, pl54.* BEACH OlHARA, KATHRYN, AND LISA CLEANING NORTH AMERICA'S BEACHES: MAY 1990 CENTER FOR MARINE CLEANUP YOUNGER 1989 BEACH CLEANUP RESULTS. CONSERVATION.* BEACH OlHARA, KATHRYN, AND PATTY CLEANING AMERICAIS BEACHES: 1988 1989 CENTER FOR MARINE CLEANUP DE8ENHAM NATIONAL BEACH CLEANUP RESULTS. CONSERVATION.* BEACH OREGON DEPARTMENT OF FISH AND A NUTS AND BOLTS GUIDE TO ORGANIZING UNDATED CLEANUP WILDLIFE. A BEACH CLEANUP CAMPAIGN THE EASY WAY. BEACH PEART, LESLIE 14ARINE DEBRIS ON THE BEACHES OF 12-87 IN PROC. 8th ANNUAL GULF OF CLEANUP PADRE ISLAND NATIONAL SEASHORE. MEXICO TRANSFER MEETING, MMS/OCs.* BEACH SEA GRANT EDUCATION PUBLICATION A GUIDE TO CLEANING LIP BEACH DEBRIS 5-89 A HOW-TO GUIDE FOR CLEANUP mo.3. IN ALASKA. ORGANIZING A-CLEANUP.* BEACH SILKMAN, RICHARD H. CdASTAL CLEANUP NETS 51,893 ITEMS. 3-8-89 PRESS RELEASE FRON 14AINE'S CLEANUP STATE PLANNING OFFICE.* JI-3 BEACH STIPP, DAVID BEACH SWEEP TURNS UP EVERYTHING, 6-8-90 WALL STREET JOURNAL.* CLEANUP EVEN SINKS. 11-4 MARINE DEBRIS BIBLIOGRAPHY BY SUBJECT NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION OFFICE OF OCEAN AND COASTAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT SUBJECT AUTHOR TITLE DATE COMMENTS ENTANGLE AINLEY, D.G. et a[. MORTALITY OF SEABIRDS IN HIGH-SEAS 1981 FISH. BULLETIN, U.S. SALMON GILL NETS. 79:800-806. ENTANGLE AZZARELLO, M.Y. AND E.S VAN MARINE BIRDS AND PLASTIC POLLUTION. 1987 MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS FLEET SERIES 37:295. ENTANGLE BALAZS, GEORGE H. IMPACT OF OCEAN DEBRIS ON MARINE 1985 IN SHOMURAIS PROCEEDINGS OF TURTLES: ENTANGLEMENT AND INGESTION. THE WORKSHOP ON THE FATE AND IMPACT OF MARINE DEBRIS, p387.- ENTANGLE BALTZ, D.M., & G.V. MORJOHN EVIDENCE FROM SEABIRDS OF PLASTIC 1986 WESTERN BIRDS, PARTICLE POLLUTION OFF CENTRAL VOL.7:111-112. CALIFORNIA. ENTANGLE BAUER, DANIEL PLASTICS DEADLY TO HAWAIIAN 9-87 MAKAI VOL.9 NO.9, U. OF SEABIRDS. HAWAII SEA GRANT COLLEGE PROGRAM.* ENTANGLE BEACH, R.J., T. NEWBY, R. ENTANGLEMENT OF AN ALEUTIAN REINDEER 1976 MURRELET 57:66. LARSON, M. PEDERSEN, & J. JURIS IN A JAPANESE FISH NET. ENTANGLE BEAN, M.J. UNITED STATES AND INTERNATIONAL 1987 A REPORT TO THE MARINE AUTHORITIES APPLICABLE TO MAMMALS COMMISSIOW.* ENTANGLEMENT OF MARINE MAMMALS AND OTHER ORGANISMS IN LOST OR DISCARDED FISHING GEAR AND OTHER DEBRIS. ENTANGLE BERGER, J.D. C.E. AR141STEAD DISCARDED MET MATERIALS IN ALASKAN 1987 NCAA/MMFS. WATERS, 1982-1984. ENTANGLE BERQUIST, J., W. GIESEL, & D. TUNA AND PLASTICS. 1990 UNDERWATER NATURALIST. RUDMAN VOL.19, NO.3:18-19.* ENTANGLE BOURNE, W.R.P. NYLON NETTING AS A HAZARD TO BIRDS. 1977 MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN, 8(4):75-76. ENTANGLE BOURNE, W.R.P., & N.J. IMBER PLASTIC PELLETS COLLECTED BY A PRION 1982 14ARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN, ON GUAM ISLAND, CENTRAL SOUTH 13:20. ATLANTIC OCEAN. ENTANGLE BOURNE, W.R.P., AND G.C. CLARK THE OCCURRENCE OF BIRDS AND GARBAGE 1984 MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN, AT THE HUMBOLDT FRONT OFF 15:343-3". VALPARAISO, CHILE. ENTANGLE CALKINS, DONALD G. STELLAR SEA LION ENTANGLEMENT IN 1985 IN SHOMURA'S PROCEEDINGS OF MARINE DEBRIS. THE WORKSHOP ON THE FATE AND IMPACT OF MARINE DEBRIS, p308.* ENTANGLE CARR, A. RIPS, FADS, AND LITTLE LOGGERHEADS. 1986 SIOSCIENCE, 36:92-100. ENTANGLE CARR, A. THE IMPACT OF PERSISTENT PLASTICS ON 1987 MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN, THE DEVELOPMENTAL ECOLOGY OF SEA VOL. 18 NO.6b:352-356.* TURTLES. ENTANGLE CAWTHORN, M.W. ENTANGLEMENT IN, AND INGESTION OF, 1985 IN SHOMURAIS PROCEEDINGS OF PLASTIC LITTER BY MARINE MAMMALS, THE WORKSHOP ON THE FATE AND. @SHARKS, AND TURTLES IN NEW ZEALAND IMPACT OF MARINE DEBRIS, WATERS. p336.- ENTANGLE CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MARINE WILDLIFE ENTANGLEMENT IN 11-86 EDUCATION NORTH AMERICA. ENTANGLE CONANT, S. MAN-MADE DEBRIS AND MARINE WILDLIFE 1984 IELEPAIO, 44(9). IN THE NORTHWESTERN HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. ENTANGLE CONNORS, P.G. AND G. SMITH OCEANIC PLASTIC PARTICLE POLLUTION: 1982 MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN, SUSPECTED EFFECT ON FAT DEPOSITION 13:18-20. IN RED PHALAROPES. ENTANGLE DAY, R.N. THE OCCURRENCE AND CHARACTERISTICS 1980 M.S THESIS, U. OF ALASKA, OF PLASTIC POLLUTION IN ALASKA'S FAIRBANKS. MARINE BIRDS. ENTANGLE DAY, ROBERT H., D.N. WERLE, & INGESTION OF PLASTIC POLLUTANTS BY 1985 IN SH014URAIS PROCEEDINGS OF F.C. COLEMAN MARINE BIRDS. THE WORKSHOP ON THE FATE AND IMPACT OF MARINE DEBRIS, p3"-386.* ENTANGLE DEGANGI, A*R, & T.C. NEWSY MORTALITY OF SEABIRD.S AND FISH IN A 1980 MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN LOST SALMON DRIFTNET. 11:322-323. ENTANGLE DICKERMAN, R.W., AND R.G. GOELET NORTHERN GANNET STARVATION AFTER 1987 MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN SWALLOWING STYROFOAM. 18:293. ENTANGLE EARTNTRUST STRIPHINING THE SEAS: THE RISE OF 1989 EDUCATIONAL VIDEO ON DRIFTNETTING IN THE PACIFIC OCEAN. DRIFTNETTING, EARTHTRUST, HONOLULU, MI.* TANGLE FELDKAMP, S.D. EFFECT OF MET ENTANCLE14ENT ON THE 1983 NOAA CONTRACT #82ABC-02743. DRAG AND POWER OUTPUT OF SWIMMING SEA LIONS. 11-6 ENTANGLE FLORIDA DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL SUMMARY OF MANATEE DEATHS - 1985. 1985 BUREAU OF MARINE RESEARCH, RESOURCES ST. PETERSBURG, FL. ENTANGLE FOWLER, C.W. A REVIEW OF SEAL AND SEA LION 1988 IN ALVERSON AND JUNE (eds.) ENTANGLEMENT IN MARINE FISHING PROC. WORTH PACIFIC RIM DEBRIS. FISHERMAN'S CONFERENCE ON MARINE DEBRIS.* ENTANGLE FOWLER, CHARLES W. MARINE DEBRIS AND NORTHERN FUR 1987 MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN, SEALS: A CASE STUDY. VOL.18 NO.6b:326.* ENTANGLE FOWLER, CHARLES, AND WORINISA ENTANGLEMENT STUDI ES, ST. PAUL 1-91 NOAA/NMFS AFSC PROCESSED SABA ISLAND, 1990 JUVENILE MALE NORTHERN REPORT 91-01.* FUR SEALS ENTANGLE FOWLER, CHARLES, W. AN EVALUATION OF THE ROLE OF 1985 IN SHOMURAIS PROCEEDINGS OF ENTANGLEMENT IN THE POPULATION THE WORKSHOP ON THE IMPACT DYNAMICS OF NORTHERN FUR SEALS ON AND FATE OF MARINE DEBRIS, THE PRIBILOF ISLANDS. p291.* ENTANGLE FRANCIS, DAVID R. SAVING WHALES AND@ FISHING NETS IN 1989 NATIONAL FISHERMAN VOL.69 NEWFOUNDLAND. NO.13:108.* ENTANGLE FRY, M.D., S.I. FEFER & L. INGESTION OF PLASTIC DEBRIS BY 1987 MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN SILEO LAYSAN ALBATROSSES AND WEDGE-TAILED 18:339-343. SHEARWATERS IN THE HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. ENTANGLE FURNESS, R.W. INGESTION OF PLASTIC PARTICLES BY 1955 ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION SEABIRDS AT GOUGH ISLAND, SOUTH (SERIES A) 38:261-272. ATLANTIC OCEAN. ENTANGLE FURNESS, R.W. PLASTIC PARTICLE POLLUTION: 1985 MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN, ACCUMULATION BY PROCELLAR11FORM 16:103-106. SEABIRDS AT SCOTTISH COLONIES. ENTANGLE FURNESS, R.W. PLASTIC PARICLES IN THREE 1983 MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN, PROCELLAR11FORN SEABIRDS FROM THE 14:307-308. BENGUELA CURRENT, SOUTH AFRICA. ENTANGLE GOCHFELD, M. EFFECT OF ARTIFACT POLLUTION ON THE 1973 ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION, VIABILITY OF SEABIRD COLONIES ON 4:1-6. LONG ISLAND, NEW YORK. ENTANGLE GRAMENTZ, P. INVOLVEMENT OF LOGGERHEAD TURTLE 19W 14ARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN WITH THE PLASTIC, METAL, AND 19:11-13 HYDROCARBON POLLUT16M IN THE CENTRAL MiDITERRANEM. ENTANGLE GUTHRIE, DAN SEA GRANT NETWORK TANGLES WITH FALL OCEANUS.* CASTOFF PLASTIC DEBRIS. 11-7 ENTANGLE HARE, M.P. AND J.G. MEAD HANDBOOK FOR DETERMINATION OF 1987 NOAA/NMFS NWAFC. ADVERSE HUMAN-MARINE MAMMAL INTERACTIONS FROM NECROPSIES. ENTANGLE HARLAN, DAVID STELLAR SEA LION PUT ON 'THREATENED' JUNE 1990 THE DAILY ASTORIAN.- LIST ENTANGLE HAYS, H. AND G. CORMONS PLASTIC PARTICLES FOUND INJERN 1974 MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN, PELLETS ON.COASTAL BEACHES AND AT .5:44-46. FACTORY SITES. ENTANGLE HENDERSON, J. ENCOUNTERS AND ENTANGLEMENTS OF' 1983 ABSTRACTS ON THE FIFTH HAWAIIANIMONK SEALS WITH LOST AND BIENNIAL CONFERENCE ON THE DISCARDED FISHING GEAR. BIOLOGY OF MARINE MAMMALS, BOSTON, MA p.431. ENTANGLE HENDERSON, J.R. ENCOUNTERS OF HAWAIIAN MONK SEALS 1984 MARINE FISHING REVIEW WITH FISHING GEAR AT LISIANSKI 46:59-61. ISLAND, 1982. ENTANGLE HENDERSON, JOHN R. A REVIEW OF HAWAIIAN MONK SEAL 1985 IN SHOMURAIS PROCEEDINGS OF ENTANGLEMENTS IN MARINE DEBRIS. THE WORKSHOP ON THE FATE AND IMPACT OF MARINE DEBRIS, p326.- ENTANGLE HINCK, JOHN DIRGE OF THE bRIFTNETS. 11/12-86 DEFENDERS, p.16.* ENTANGLE HOSS, D.E. AND L.R. SETTLE INGESTION OF PLASTICS BY FISHES. IN PREP IN SH014URAIS (ed.) PROCEEDINGS OF THE SECOND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MARINE DEBRIS, HONOLULU, HI. ENTANGLE' JOHNSON, S.W. DEPOSITION OF ENTANGLEMENT DEBRIS ON 1988 IN ALVERSON AND JUNE (eds.) ALASKAN BEACHES. PROC. NORTH PACIFIC RIM FISHERMAN'S CONFERENCE ON MARINE DEBRIS.* ENTANGLE JOHNSON, S.W. & T.R. MERRELL ENTANG'LEME NT.DEBRIS ON ALASKA'S 1988 NOAA/NMFS-NWC BEACHES. ENTANGLE JOHNSON, S.W. AND T.R. MERRELL ENTANGLEMENT DEBRIS ON ALASKAN 1988 NOAA, NMFS, F/NWC-126. BEA CHES, 1986. ENTANGLE JONES, LINDA L. AND R.C. FERRERO OBSERVATIONS OF NET DEBRIS AND 1985 IN SHOMURAIS PROCEEDINGS OF ASSOCIATED ENTANGLEMENTS IN THE THE WORKSHOP ON THE FATE AND NORTH PACIFIC OCEAN AND THE BEARING IMPACT OF 14ARINE DEBRIS, SEA. p183.* ENTANGLE KENYON, K.W. AND E. KRIDLER LAYSAN ALBATROSSES SWALLOW 1969 AUK 86:339-343. INDIGESTIBLE MATTER. 11-8 ENTANGLE KUBOTA, T. SYNTHETIC MATERIALS FOUND IN THE (IN FROM ABSTRACTS OF THE SECOND STOMACHS OF LONGNOSE LANCETFISH PRESS) INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COLLECTED FROM THE SURUGA SAY, MARINE DEBRIS, HONOLULU, HI. CENTRAL JAPAN. ENTANGLE LAIST, DAVID W. OVERVIEW OF THE BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS 1987 MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN, OF LOST AND DISCARDED PLASTIC DEBRIS VOL.18 NO.6b:319-326.* IN THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT. ENTANGLE LOUGHLIN, T., P. GEARIN, R. ASSESSMENT OF NET ENTANGLEMENT ON 1986 NOAA/NMFS NWAFC REPORT DeLONG, & R. MERRICK NORTHERN SEA LIONS IN THE ALEUTIAN #M-02. ISLANDS, 25 JUNE-15 JULY 1985. ENTANGLE MATE, BRUCE R. INCIDENTS OF MARINE MAMMAL 1985 IN SHOMURAIS PROCEEDINGS OF ENCOUNTERS WITH DEBRIS AND ACTIVE THE WORKSHOP ON THE FATE AND FISHING GEAR. IMPACT OF MARINE DEBRIS, p453.- ENTANGLE PETTIT T.N., G.S. GRANT, & G.C. INGESTION OF PLASTICS BY LAYSAN 1981 AUK 98:839-841. WHITTOW ALBATROSS. ENTANGLE PIATT, JOHN F. AND DAVID N. INCIDENTAL CATCH OF MARINE BIRDS AND 1987 MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN NETTLESHIP MAMMALS IN FISHING NETS OFF VOL.18 NO.6b:344.* NEWFOUNDLAND, CANADA.- ENTANGLE PLOTKIN, P., & A. AMOS EFFECTS OF ANTHROPOGENIC DEBRIS, ON (IN FROM ABSTRACTS OF THE SECOND SEA TURTLES PRESS) INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MARINE DEBRIS, HONOLULU, H 1. ENTANGLE OUIMBY, FRANK SINKING THE DRIFT-NET FLEETS. 3 qrtr 00 GUAM & MICRONESIA GLIMPSES.* ENTANGLE ROTHSTEIN, S.I. PLASTIC PARTICLE POLLUTION OF THE 1973 CONDOR, 75:344. SURFACE OF THE ATLANTIC OCEAN: EVIDENCE FROM A SEABIRD. ENTANGLE RYAN, P.G. EFFECTS OF INGESTED PLASTIC ON 1988 MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN SEABIRD FEEDING: EVIDENCE FROM 19:125-128. CHICKENS. ENTANGLE RYAN, P.G. THE LIFESPAN OF INGESTED PLASTIC 1987 14ARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN PARTICLES IN SEABIRDS AND THEIR 18:217-219. EFFECT ON DIGESTIVE EFFICIENCY. ENTANGLE RYAN, P.G. THE EFFECTS OF INGESTING PLASTIC AND IN PREP IN SHONURAIS (ed.) OTHER MARINE DEBRIS ON SEABIRDS. PROCEEDINGS OF THE SECOND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MMINE DEBRIS, HONOLULU, Mi. ENTANGLE RYAN, P.G. THE INCIDENCE AND EFFECTS OF 1986 N.Sc THESIS, UNIVERSITY OF INGESTED PLASTIC IN SEABIRDS. CAPETOWN, CAPETOWN, UNION OF S. AFRICA. 11-9 ENTANGLE RYAN, P.G., A.D. CONNELL, & S.D. PLASTIC INGESTION AND PCSs IN 1988 MA RINE POLLUTION BULLETIN, GARDNER SEABIRDS: IS THERE A RELATIONSHIP. 19:174-176. ENTANGLE SCHREY, ECKART AND GOTTFRIED RECORDS OF ENTANGLED GANNETS AT 1987 MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN, VAUK HELGOLAND, GERMAN SIGHT.- VOL.18 NO.6b:350.* ENTANGLE SCORDINO, JOE STUDIES ON FUR SEAL ENTANGLEMENT, 1985 IN SHOMURAIS PROCEEDINGS OF 1981-1984, ST. PAUL ISLAND, ALASKA. THE WORKSHOP ON THE FATE AND IMPACT OF MARINE DEBRIS, p278.* ENTANGLE SIEVERT, P.R., L.SILEO, & PREVALENCE AND CHARACTERISTICS OF (IN IN ABSTRACTS OF THE SECOND S.I.FEFFER PLASTIC INGESTED BY HAWAIIAN PRESS) INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SEABIRDS. MARINE DEBRIS, HONOLULU, HI. ENTANGLE SILEO, LOUIS, PAUL SIEVERT, & CAUSES OF MORTALITY OF ALBATROSS 1990 JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MICHAEL SAMUEL CHICKS AT MIDWAY ATOLL. DISEASES, 26(3):329-338.*. ENTANGLE SMOLOWITZ, R.J. TRAP DESIGN AND GHOST FISHING: AN 1978 MARINE FISHING REVIEW, PAPER OVERVIEW. 1306. ENTANGLE SPORT FISHING INSTITUTE. PLASTIC MAY HAVE CAUSED BEACH WHALES 1988 BULLETIN NO. 395:7. .DEATH. ENTANGLE UCHIDA, I. ON THE SYNTHETIC MATERIALS FOUND IN (IN FROM ABSTRACTS OF THE SECOND THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM OF, AND PRESS) INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON DISCHARGED BY, SEA TURTLES COLLECTED MARINE DEBRIS, HONOLULU, HI. IN WATERS ADJACENT TO JAPAN. ENTANGLE WALLACE, NANCY DEBRIS ENTANGLEMENT IN THE MARINE 1985 IN SHOMURAIS PROCEEDINGS OF ENVIRONMENT: A REVIEW. THE WORKSHOP ON THE FATE AND IMPACT OF MARINE DEBRIS, p259.- ENTANGLE WEIRICH, M.T. MANAGING HUMAN IMPACT ON WHALES IN 1987 BULLETIN OF COASTAL SOCIETY, 14ASSACHUSETTS SAY: COUNTERING VOL.10 NO.3:11-13. INFORMATION LIMITATIONS THROUGH THE USE OF FIELD DATA. ENTANGLE YOSHIDA, K. AND SABA, N. THE PROBLE14 OF FUR SEAL ENTANGLEMENT 1985 IN SHOMURAIS PROCEEDINGS OF IN MARINE DEBRIS. THE WORKSHOP ON THE FATE AND IMPACT OF MARINE DEBRIS, p448.* ii-lo MARINE DEBRIS BIBLIOGRAPHY BY SUBJECT NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION OFFICE OF OCEAN AND COASTAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT SUBJECT AUTHOR TITLE DATE COMMENTS GEN/ART. ADLER, J. et at. OUR BEFOULED BEACHES. 7-27-87 NEWSWEEK. GEN/ART. ALBERT, J.L. INFECTUOUS-WASTE FIGHT IS LEFT IN 8-15-88 USA TODAY. LAP OF STATES. GEN/ART. BARRON, JAMES MEDICAL WASTE KEEPS 3 NEW YORK 7-19-88 NEW YORK TIMES.* BEACHES SHUT. GEN/ART. SENET, L. RESEARCHER FEARS'TURTLES EATING 5-22-B4 THE MIAMI HERALD, TC:l. VINYL REEFS WILL DIE. GEN/ART. BLUMENTHAL, RALPH WASTE DUMPING IS SUSPECTED BUT NO 7-25-88 NEW YORK TIMES.* SINGLE 'SMOKING GUM.' GEN/ART. BOURNE, W.R.P. OIL AND GARBAGE IN THE GULF. 1989 MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 20(2):90. GEN/ART. BUSINESS WEEK TROUBLED WATERS. 10-12-87 BUSINESS WEEK:88-104. GEN/ART. BUTTERFIELD, FOX TO SWIM OR NOT TO SWIM AS NEEDLES 7-8-88 NEW YORK TIMES.* WASH ASHORE. GEN/ART. CAPUZZO, JUDITH McDOWELL EFFECTS OF WASTES ON THE OCEAN: THE SUMMER OCEANUS VOL.33 NO.2.* COASTAL EXAMPLE. 1990 GEN/ART. CHAMBERLAIN, T. GHOS78USTER HAUNTED BY GILLNET 9-9-84 BOSTON GLOBE. THREAT. GEN/ART. COLEMAN, F.C. & D.H. WENLE CAUGHT BY ACCIDENT: THE FISHER14ANIS 1983 OCEANS:65-69. UNWANTED HARVEST. GEN/ART. DIXON, T.R. SNORELINE REFUSE. 1978 MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 9:145. GEN/ART. DIXON, T.R. & T.J. DIXON MARINE LITTER SURVEILLANCE. .1981 MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN, 12(9):289-295. GEN/ART. DIXON, T.R. & T.J. DIXON MAR INE LITTER DISTRIBUTION AND 1983 MARINE POLLUTION SULLETim, COMPOSITION IN THE NORTH SEA. 14:145-148. GEN/ART. DIXON, T.R., A.J. COOKE DISCARDED CONTAINERS ON A K ENT 1977 MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN, BEACH. 8:105-109. GEN/ART DUEDALL, IVER W. A BRIEF HISTORY OF OCEAN DISPOSAL. SUMMER OCEANUS VOL.33 NO.2.* 1990 GEN/ART. EATON, P.B. PERSISTENT LITTER. 1984 IN R. WILSON AND R. ADDISON (eds.) THE HEALTH OF THE NORTHWEST ATLANTIC, A REPORT TO THE INTERDEPARTMENTAL COMMITTEE ON ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES. ENVIRONMENT CANADA, DEPT. OF FISHERIES AND OCEANS. lEl/ART. FEDER, H,M*, S,C. JEWETT, 4 I*R* MAN-MADE DEBRIS ON THE BERING SEA 1978 MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN, HILSINGER FLOOR. 9:52-53. GEN/ART. GOLD, ALAN R. LONG ISLAND SOUND IS SO POLLUTED IT 7-6-90 NEW YORK TIMES.* FACES LONG-TERM DAMAGE, SCIENTISTS SAY. GEN/ART. GOODING, R.M., & MAGNUSON, J.J. ECOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF A 1967 PACIFIC SCI. 21:486- 497. DRIFTING OBJECT TO PELAGIC FISHES. GEIIART. GROSS, JANE BEACH DEBRIS STILL A MYSTERY 7-12-88 NEW YORK TIMES.* UNCERTAIN BATHERS STAY AWAY. GEN/ART. GUTIS, PHILIP S. FEARS ON THE BEACHES: WHAT WASTE MAY 7-11-all NEW YORK TIMES.* MEAN. GEN/ART. GUTIS, PHILIP S. CLOSED BEACHES AND WANDERING BARGE: 7-13-a8 NEW YORK TIMES.* TWO CHAPTERS IN THE SAME STORY. GEN/ART. GUTIS, PHILIP S. SEPARATING FACTS FROM HYPER80LE IN 7-9-8,8 NEW YORK TIMES.* REPORTS OF HOSPITAL WASTE ON L.I. GEN/ART. GUTIS, PHILIP S. 20 WAVE 0 F DEBRIS WASHES ASHORE ON 7-8-88 NEW YORK TIMES.* 10-MILE STRETCH OF L.I. BEACHES. GEN/ART. HAYS, CONSTANCE L. JONES BEACH DRAWS A CAUTIOUS CROWD. 7-18-88 NEW YORK TIMES.* GEN/ART. HENDERSON, J.R. MARINE DEBRIS IN HAWAII. 1988 IN ALVERSON AND JUNE (eds.) PROC. NORTH PACIFIC RIM FISHER14AMIS CONFERENCE ON 14ARINE DEBRIS.* GEN/ART. HENDERSON, KATHRYN TRASH IN THE OCEAN IS A SERIOUS 10-88 ENVIRONS, DUKE UNIVERSITY THREAT TO MARINE LIFE. MARINE LABORATORY, BEAUFORT, NC.* GEN/ART. HIGH, W.L. WRECK-NETTERS CATCH MORE FISH THAN 11-81 NATIONAL FISHERMAN, 122. THEY KNOW. 11-12 GEN/ART. NINDS, MICHAEL DO DISPOSABLE DIAPERS EVER GO AWAY? 12-10-88 NEW YORK TIMES.* GEN/ART. HORSHAM, P.V. THE AMOUNT OF GARBAGE POLLUTION FROM 5-82 MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN, MERCHANT SHIPS. VOL 13 NO.5:167-169.* GEN/ART. imo GARBAGE: 14ORE THAN JUST A 1989 IMO NEWS, NO.3. THE JOURNAL NUISANCE .... OF THE INTERNATIONAL MARITIME ORGANIZATION.* GEN/ART. KELLEY, K. OCEAN DUMPING - NO END IN SIGHT. 1988 NATIONAL FISHERMAN 68:18-19. GEN/ART. KELLEY, K. A SEA OF POLLUTION. 6-20-88 BOSTON GLOBE. GEN/ART. KINDT, J.W. SOLID WASTES AND MARINE POLLUTION. 1984 CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY LAW REVIEW, 34:37-100. GEN/ART. KING, WAYNE SWEEPING 20 MILES OF JERSEY'S 8-2-90 NEW YORK TIMES, PRISON WORK LITTERED SHORE. PROGRAM.* GEN/ART. LAREAU, J. OCEANS OF TRASH: WE'RE CHOKING OUR 1988 COASTAL HERITAGE, S.C. SEA SEAS. GRANT CONSORTIUM, 3:4-7.* GEN/ART. LEVIN, MICHAEL H. THE TRASH NESS WON'T BE EASILY 12-15 -88 THE WALL STREET JOURNAL.* DISPOSED OF. GEN/ART. LYALL, SARAN THIS SUMMER, CROWS, NOT NEEDLES, 7-23-89 MEW YORK TIMES.* COVER THE L.I. SHORE. GEN/ART. MARBACH, W.D. S.E. KATZ, 8, D. WHAT TO DO WITH OUR WASTES. 7-27-87 NEWSWEEK. TSIANTAR GEN/ART. MATSUNANGA, S. RECYCLING USED NETS: THE STATUS QUO 1988 IN ALVERSOM AND JUNE (eds.) AND ITS PROBLEMS. PROC. NORTH PACIFIC RIM FISHER14ANIS CONFERENCE ON MARINE DEBRIS.* GEN/ART. MAY, CLIFFORD 0. SOLUTION TO OCEAN WASTE IS BAFFLING 7-17-88 NEW YORK TIMES.* LAWMAKERS. GEN/ART. MIO,S. & S. TAKENA14A ESTIMATION OF DISTRIBUTION OF MARINE 1988 IN ALVERSON AND JUNE (edS.) DEBRIS BASED ON THE 1986 SIGHTING PROC. NORTH PACIFIC R114 SURVEY. FISHERNMIS CONFERENCE ON MARINE DEBRIS.* GEN/ART. MOONEY, 0. THE GARBAGE THAT NEVER DIES BUT 1987 MARINE DIGEST pli-26. KILLS. GEN/ART. MORGANTHAU, T. OMIT 00 NEAR THE WATER. 1988 NEWSWEEK p43-47. GEN/ART. McFADDEM, ROBERT 0. "WE .WACHES SHUT ON 30 DAY OF 7-9-88 MEW YORK TIMES.* POLLUTION. 11-13 IEN/ART. POWICKI, C.R. SUMMER NEARS: WILL BEACH POLLUTION 1989 JOURNAL OF WATER POLLUTION FOLLOW? FED. 61:554-558. EN/ART. RANGEL, JESUS WASTE DROWNS SUMMER ALONG THE JERSEY 7-29-88 NEW YORK TIMES.* SHORE. EN/ART. RUCKELSHAUS, WILLIAM D. THE POLITICS OF WASTE DISPOSAL. 9-5-89 WALL STREET JOURNAL.* GEN/ART. SCHMITT, ERIC MILES OF L.I. BEACHES ARE CLOSED BY 7-7-88 NEW YORK TIMES.* A WAVE OF SEWAGE AND DEBRIS. GEN/ART. SCHREY, ECKHART AND GOTTFRIED LITTER POLLUTION FROM SHIPS THE 1987 MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN VAUK GERMAN SIGHT. VOL.18 NO.6b:316.* GEN/ART. SHIROMA, JAMES A. ADDING EDUCATION TO OCEAN FUN. 11-90 MAKAI, U. OF HAWAII SEA GRANT COLLEGE PROGRAM. VOL.12 NO.11.* GEW/ART. SMART et at. TROUBLED WATERS. 10-12-87 BUSINESS WEEK p88. GEN/ART. SWEAT, DOTTIE MARINE POLLUTION. FALL 1990 IN GEORGIA DWR "OUTDOOR REPORT" VOL.5, NO.3:14.* GEN/ART. TIEDERMANN, JOHN THE MARINE DEBRIS DILEMMA. 1989 NEW JERSEY SHORELINE, VOL.2 NO.3 NJ SEA GRANT MARINE ADVISORY SERVICE.* GEN/ART. TINNEY, R.T. A MORE LIKELY ALLIANCE. 1983 OCEANS p65. GEN/ART. TOUFEXIS, ANASTASIA THE DIRTY SEAS. 8-1-88 TIME'MAGAZINE COVER STORY.* GEN/ART. VAUK, GOTTFRIED, J.M. AND ECKART LITTER POLLUTION FROM SHIPS IN THE 1987 MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN, SCHREY GERMAN SIGHT. VOL.18 NO.6b:316-319.* GEN/ART. VERHOVEK, SAM HOWE NEW YORK OFFICIALS DISAGREE OVER 7-23-88 NEW TORK TIMES.* BEACH DEBRIS. GEN/ART. WALMER, TRACY 22 STATES' 14AKE EFFORT TO.COMBAT 8-31-89 USA TODAY, 6A.* MEDICAL WASTE. 11-14 MARINE DEBRIS BIBLIOGRAPHY BY SUBJECT NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION OFFICE OF OCEAN AND COASTAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT SUBJECT AUTHOR TITLE DATE COMMENTS GENERAL ALASKA SEA GRANT COLLEGE PROGRAM MARINE DEBRIS... IN ALASKA? YES11! 1990 PACKET OF INFORMATION.* INFORMATION FOR EDUCATORS ABOUT ALASKA'S MARINE DEBRIS PROBLEM. GENERAL ALVERSON, DAYTON L. (CHAIRMAN) REPORT OF THE WORKING GROUP ON 1985 IN SHOMURAIS PROCEEDINGS OF MARINE DEBRIS. THE WORKSHOP ON THE FATE AND IMPACT OF MARINE DEBRIS, p527.* GENERAL ARNOLD, R. MAPPING 80TTON DEBRIS SAVES FISHING 1983 SEA GRANT TODAY 6:16-19. GEAR FROM COSTLY HAZARDS. GENERAL BEACH MAINTAINANCE DIVISION TRASH STATISTICS: CALENDAR YEAR 1988 CITY OF SANTA MONICA. 1988. GENERAL BROWN, B. & J. NEFF (eds.) PROCEEDINGS: NATIONAL MARINE 1988 U.S. NATIONAL POLLUTION POLLUTION PROBLEMS AND NEEDS PROGRAM OFFICE, ROCKVILLE, WORKSHOP. MD. GENERAL BULLOCH, DAVID K. THE WASTED OCEAN. 1989 LYONS AND BURFORD, NY, MY. GENERAL BUNN, ALLEN R. NOAAAS MARINE ENTANGLEMENT RESEARCH 12-87 IN PROC. 8th ANNUAL GULF OF PROGRA14: GOALS, PRODUCTS, MEXICO INFORMATION TRANSFER INFORMATION, AND PLANS. MEETING, MMS/OCS.* GENERAL CANTIN, J.,J. EYRAUD, & C. QUANTITATIVE EST114ATES OF GARBAGE IN PREP. SECOND INTERNAT16NAL FENTON. GENERATION AND DISPOSAL IN THE U.S. CONFERENCE ON 14ARINE DEBRIS. MARITIME SECTORS BEFORE AND AFTER HONOLULU, NI. KARPOL ANNEX V. GENERAL CENTAUR ASSOC. & CEE ISSUE REPORT AND WORKPLAN FOR THE 12-31-86 FOR NOAA/NMFS NO. DEVELOPMENT OF A MARINE DEBRIS 50-ABNF-6-00192.* EDUCATION PROGRA14 FOR THE NORTHWESTERN ATLANTIC AND GULF OF MEXICO. GENERAL CENTER FOR KOINE CONSERVATION TRASH ON AMERICA'S BEACHES: A 7-89 NATIONAL ASSESSMENT. GENERAL CENTER FOR MARINE CONSERVATION. ATLANTIC COAST/GULF OF 14EXICO AMD 1989 REPORT TO THE MARINE PACIFIC CGAST (ANNUAL REPORT FOR ENTANGLEMENT RESEARCH THE PERIOD OCTOBER 1, 1988-SEPTEMBER PROGRAM.* 30, 1989). TI-3.5 GENERAL CHAPMAN, DOUGLAS G. (CHAIRMAN) REPORT OF THE WORKING GROUP ON 1985 IN SHOMURAIS PROCEEDINGS OF IMPACTS OF DEBRIS ON RESOURCES. THE WORKSHOP ON THE FATE AND IMPACT OF MARINE DEBRIS, p531.* GENERAL CLEAN OCEAN ACTION CLEAN OCEAN ACTION ANNUAL GUIDE: UNDATED NEW JERSEY SPECIFIC MARINE 1990-1991. POLLUTION BOOKLET.* GENERAL COE, J. AND ALAN R. BUNN DESCRIPTION AND STATUS OF TASKS IN 7-87 NOAA/NMFS SEATTLE, WA.* NOAAIS MARINE ENTANGLEMENT RESEARCH PROGRA14 FOR FYs 1985-1987. - GENERAL COE, J.M. DERELICT FISHING GEAR: DISASTER OR 1986 MASTERS THESIS. INSTITUTE NUISANCE? OF MARINE STUDIES, UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON. SEATTLE, WA. GENERAL COOPER, R., A. CARR & A. HULBERT MANNED SUBMERSIBLE AND ROV 1988 NOAA@NMFS AND MASS. OMF. ASSESSMENT OF GHOST GILLNETS ON JEFFRIES AND STELLWAGEN BANKS, GULF OF MAINE. GENERAL DAHL BERG, MICHAEL L. OBSERVATIONS OF MAN-MADE OBJECTS ON 1985 IN SHOMURAIS PROCEEDINGS'OF THE SURFACE OF THE NORTH PACIFIC THE WORKSHOP ON THE FATE AND OCEAN. IMPACT OF MARINE DEBRIS, P198.* GENERAL EASTERN RESEARCH GROUP, INC. DEVELOPMENT OF ESTIMATES OF GARBAGE 3-3-89 FOR TRANSPORTATIONS SYSTEMS DISPOSAL IN THE 14ARITIME SECTORS. CENTER, RESEARCH AND SPECIAL PROGRAMS ADMINISTRATION, U.S. DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION.* GENERAL EVANS, W.E. POTENTIAL HAZARDS OF MON-DEGRADABLE 1971 PROC. NAVAL UNDERWATER 14ATERIALS AS AN ENVIRONMENTAL CENTER SY14POSIUM ON POLLUTANT. ENVIRONMENTAL PRESERVATION, SAN DIEGO, CA. 14AY 20-21, 1970. GENERAL FEDERAL REPUBLIC.OF GERMANY DEGREE AND EFFECTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL 3-86 SUBMITTED AT THE 13th POLLUTION OF THE GERMAN BIGHT AND MEETING OF THE STANDING ITS COASTS CAUSED BY SYNTHETIC ADVISORY COMMITTEE FOR MATERIAL AND OTHER LITTER DISCARDED SCIENTIFIC ADVICE, BY SHIPS. AMSTERDAM. GENERAL FRANKLIN ASSOCIATES CHARACTERIZATION OF 14JNICIPAL SOLID 6-90 FOR U.S. EPA #68-01-7310. WASTE IN THE UNITED STATES, PRAIRIE VILLAGE, KANSAS 1960-2000 (UPDATE 1990). $25.00 GENERAL GERRODETTE, T., B.K. CHOY L.M. AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF DERELICT 1987 NOAA/NMFS-SWFC HIRUKI GILL NET$ IN THE CENTRAL PACIFIC OCEAN. 11-16 GENERAL HIGH, WILLIAM L. SOME CONSEQUENCES OF LOST FISHING 1985 IN SHOMURAIS PROCEEDINGS OF GEAR. THE WORKSHOP ON THE FATE AMD IMPACT OF MARINE DEBRIS, P430.- GENERAL IGNELL, S., J. BAILEY & J. JOYCE OBSERVATIONS ON HIGH-SEAS SQUID 1986 NOAA/NMFS-NWC.* GILL-MET FISHERIES, NORTH PACIFIC OCEAN, 1985. GENERAL IGNELL, S.E. AND M.L. DAHLBERG RESULTS OF COOPERATIVE RESEARCH ON 1986 NOAA/MMFS-MWAFC. THE DISTRIBUTION OF MARINE DEBRIS IN THE NORTH PACIFIC OCEAN. GENERAL KAHN, J., D. OFIARA, & B. McCAY ECONOMIC MEASURES OF BEACH CLOSURES. 1989 BY WASTE MANAGEMENT USE IMPAIRMENTS AND ECOSYSTEM INSTITUTE, MSRC, SUNY FOR IMPACTS OF THE NEW YORK BIGHT. DYNA14AC CORP. AS PART OF EPAIS NEW YORK BIGHT RESTORATION PLAN. GENERAL KARNELLA, CHARLES (CHAIRMAN) REPORT OF THE WORKING GROUP ON 1985 IN SHOMURA.'S PROCEEDINGS OF MANAGEMENT NEEDS. THE WORKSHOP ON THE FATE AND IMPACT OF MARINE DEBRIS, p538.- GENERAL KEWLEY, WAYNE THE OFFSHORE OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY'S 12-87 IN PROC. 8th ANNUAL GULF OF CA14PAIGN TO STOP OFFSHORE LITTERING. MEXICO INFORMATION TRANSFER MEETING, MMS/OCS.* GENERAL KOSKI, K.V. DERELICT FISHING GEAR AMD PLASTIC 1988 NOAA/NNFS DEBRIS ON SHACKLEFORD BANKS, CAPE LOOKOUT NATIONAL SEASHORE, NC. GENERAL LIFFMANN, MICHAEL L. LOUISIANA COASTAL RECREATION AND 12-87 IN PROC. Sth ANNUAL GULF OF TOIJRIS14 ASSESSMENT TEAM: AN MEXICO INFOR14ATION TRANSFER INNOVATIVE UNIVERSITY APPROACH. MEETING, MMS/OCS.* GENERAL LIPKA, DOUGLAS, AND VILLERE BOATER'S PLEDGE FOR A CLEAN GULF. 1989 PROJECT PROPOSAL BY THE GULF REGGIO OF MEXICO PROGRAM.* GENERAL MAINE STATE PLANNING OFFICE CHARTING OUR COURSE: AN ACTIVITY 1989 CH.S. GOOD OVERVIEW OF GUIDE FOR GRADES 6-12 ON WATER MARINE DEBRIS PROBLEMS.* QUALITY IN THE GULF OF MAINE. GENERAL MEADE', N.F. AND K.N. DRANK AN ECON0141C PERSPECTIVE OF THE IN PREP IN SH014URAIS (ed.) PROBLE14 OF PERSISTENT MARINE DEBRIS. PROCEEDINGS OF THE SECOND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MARINE DEBRIS, HONOLULU, HI. GENERAL MOXNES, T. DENIS FROM SHIPS ACCUMULATED ALONG 1985 NORWEGIAN INSTITUTE FOR NORWEGIAN COAST$. AQUATIC SCIENCES, OSLO. 11-17 ENERAL NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES MARINE LITTER 1975 IN ASSESSING POTENTIAL OCEAN POLLUTANTS. COMMISSION ON NATURAL RESOURCES, NATURAL RESEARCH COUNCIL, WASHINGTON, DC. ENERAL NATIONAL MARINE POLLUTION SUMMARY OF FEDERAL PROGRAMS AND 6-90 NOAA OFFICE OF THE CHIEF PROGRAM PROJECTS FY 1988 UPDATE. SCIENTIST.* GENERAL NATIONAL MARINE POLLUTION FEDERAL PLAN FOR OCEAN POLLUTION 9-85 NOAA, OFFICE OF THE CHIEF PROGRAM OFFICE RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT, & MONITORING SCIENTIST.* FYS 1985-1989. ENERAL NATIONAL OCEAN POLLUTION PROGRAM FEDERAL PLAN FOR OCEAN POLLUTION 9-88 NOAA, OFFICE OF THE CHIEF OFFICE RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT, AND SCIENTIST.* MONITORING. FYs 1988-1992. IIENERAL NATURAL RESOURCES CONSULTANT, SURVEY AND EVALUATION OF FISHING 6-29-90 FOR NOAA/NMFS INC. GEAR LOSS IN MARINE AND GREAT LAKES 50ABNF-9-00144.* FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. IENERAL NATURAL RESOUR*CES DEFENSE EBB TIDE FOR POLLUTION: ACTION FOR UNDATED GENERAL INFO FOR THE COUNC I L CLEANING UP COASTAL WATERS. BEGINNER ON MARINE POLLUTION.* GENERAL NEW JERSEY DEPARTMENT OF THE STATE OF THE OCEAN: THE REPORT 5-88 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION BY THE BLUE RIBBON PANEL ON OCEAN INCIDENTS - 1987. GENERAL NEW JERSEY DEPARTMENT OF NEW JERSEY'S COASTAL OCEAN POLLUTION 1988 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AND PEOPLE: A GUIDE TO UNDERSTANDING THE PUBLIC ABOUT ALL MARINE THE PROBLEMS, THE ISSUES, AND THE DEBRIS.* LONG TERM SOLUTIONS. KENERAL NEW JERSEY DEPARTMENT OF TRAVEL THE ECONOMIC IMPACTOF VISI .TORS TO 10-89 BY OPINION RESEARCH CORP. AND TOURISM THE NEW-JERSEY SHORE THE SL44MER OF PRINCETON, NJ.* 1 19". GENERAL NEW YORK DEPARTMENT OF THE MEDICAL WASTE STUDY. 4-89 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION* @ENERAL NOAA NATIONAL COASTAL POLLUTION DISCHARGE 1987 NATIONAL OCEAN SURVEY, OCEAN INVENTORY. ASSESSMENTS DIVISION. IENERAL' MY DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL NEW YORK STATE COMPREHENSIVE 1988 LONG ISLAND CITY, MY. CONSERVATION FLOATABLE MARINE DEBRIS MINIMIZATION PROGRAM. GENERAL NY STATE DEPT. OF ENV. INVESTIGATION: SOURCES OF BEACH 1988 CONSERVATION WASHUPS IN 1988. 11-18 GENERAL O'HARA, KATHRYN EDUCATION AND AWARENESS: KEYS TO 12-87 IN PROC. 8tH ANNUAL GULF OF SOLVING THE MARINE DEBRIS PROBLEM. MEXICO INFORMATION TRANSFER MEETING, MMS/OCS.- GENERAL OFFICE OF TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT. WASTES IN THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT. 1987 CZIC.* NOT TOO MUCH ON MARINE DEBRIS. GENERAL OFFICE OF TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT. FACING AMERICA4S TRASH--WHAT NEXT 10-89 U.S. GPO #052-003-01-168-9, FOR MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE? $16.00. GENERAL PRICE, R.I. & W. THOMAS MARITIME-ORIGINATED SOLID WASTE IN -1987 N.J . DEPARTMENT OF NEW JERSEY COASTAL WATERS: A.STUDY ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION. OF THE PROBLEM. GENERAL R.L. ASSOCIATES AND U.S. TRAVEL THE ECON0141C IMPACT OF VISITORS TO 1988 N.J. STATE DIVISION OF DATA CENTER THE NEW JERSEY SHORE THE SUMMER OF TRAVEL AND TOURISM. TRENTON, 1988. NJ.* GENERAL REGGIO, VILLERE INFORMATION DEVELOPMENTS AND 12-87 IN PROC. 8th ANNUAL GULF OF SOLUTIONS TO MARINE DEBRIS IN THE MEXICO INFORMATION TRANSFER GULF OF MEXICO: SESSION OVERVIEW. MEETING, MMS/OCS.* GENERAL RIBIC, C.A. AND L.J. BLEDSOE DESIGN OF SURVEYS FOR DENSITY OF 1986 NOAA/NMFS-NWAFC NO.267. SURFACE MARINE DEBRISIM THE NORTH PACIFIC. GENERAL SCHUMACHER, JAMES D.(CHAIRMAN) REPORT OF THE WORKING GROUP ON THE 1985 IN SHOMURAIS PROCEEDINGS OF FATE OF MARINE DEBRIS. THE WORKSHOP ON THE FATE AND IMPACT OF MARINE DEBRIS, p536.* GENERAL SHOMURA, R.S AND H.O. YOSHIDA PROCEEDINGS OF THE WORKSHOP ON THE 1985 NOAA/NMFS.* (EDS.) FATE AND IMPACT OF 14ARINE DEBRIS GENERAL SPAULDING, M., K. JAYKO, & W. HINDCAST OF 04EDICAL WASTE 1988 FOR RI DEPARTMENT OF KNAUSS TRAJECTORIES ON SOUTHERN NEW ENGLAND ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT BY WATERS. APPLIED SCIENCE ASSOC. INC. GENERAL SQUIRE, D.F. THE OCEAN DU14PING QUANDRY: WASTE 1982 STATE UNIVERSITY NEW YORK DISPOSAL IN THE NEW YORK BIGHT. PRESS. ALBANY, MY. GENERAL STEINHAUER, M.S. et at. CHARACTERIZATION OF 14ARINE DEBRIS IN IN PREP IN SHOMURAIS (ed-Y SELECTED HARBORS OF THE UNITED PROCEEDINGS OF THE SECOND STATES. INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MARINE DEBRIS, HONOLULU, HI . GENERAL STEWART, BRENT S. AND PAMELA K. PINNIPED ENTANGLEMENT IN SYNTHETIC 11-89 NOAA/NMFS, SEATTLE, VA.- YOCNE14 14A TERIALS IN THE SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA BIGHT. 11-19 GENERAL SWANSON, L. LONG ISLAND BEACH POLLUTION: JUNE, 1977 MESA SPECIAL REPORT, NY 1976. SIGHT PROJECT, STONY BROOK, NY. GENERAL SWANSON, R.L. AND R.L. ZIMMER METEOROLOGICAL CONDITIONS LEADING TO 9-5-89 WASTE MANAGEMENT INSTITUTE, THE 1987 AND 1988 WASHUPS OF MARINE SCIENCE RESEARCH FLOATABLE WASTES ON NEW YORK AND NEW CENTER, SUNY STONY BROOK. JERSEY BEACHES AND COMPARISON OF GOOD OVERVIEW OF IMPACTS AND THESE CONDITIONS WITH THE HISTORICAL CAUSES OF WASHUPS.* RECORD. GENERAL THE PORT OF NEWPORT MARINE DEBRIS MANAGEMENT SYSTEM: 1987 NA-86-ASH-00022. NEWPORT, QUARTERLY PROGRESS REPORT. OR. GENERAL U.S NATIONAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE THE ROLE OF THE OCEANS IN WASTE 1-81 U.S. GPO. ON OCEANS AND ATMOSPHERE MANAGEMENT STRATEGY. GENERAL U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION THE SOLID WASTE DILEMMA: AN AGENDA 2-89 FINAL REPORT OF THE AGENCY FOR ACTION. MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE TASK FORCE, OFFI CE OF SOLIID WASTE.* GENERAL UNITED NATIONS ENVIRONMENT AD HOC WORKING GROUP OF EXPERTS ON 4-19-85 UNEP/WG.120/3.* PROGRAMME THE PROTECTION OF THE 14ARINE ENVIRONMENT AGAINST POLLUTION FROM LAND-BASED SOURCES. GENERAL WEISBROD, R. NEW YORK STATE MARINE DEBRIS (IN FOR NY DEC. IN ABSTRACTS OF PROGRAM. PRESS) THE SECOND ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MARINE DEBRIS, HONOLULU, HI. GENERAL WILMAN, E.A. EXTERNAL COSTS OF COASTAL BEACH 1984 RESOURCES FOR THE FUTURE, POLLUTION: AN REDONIC APPROACH. WASHINGTON, D.C. $15.00. 11-20 MARINE DEBRIS BIBLIOGRAPHY BY SUBJECT NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION OFFICE OF OCEAN AND COASTAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT SUBJECT AUTHOR TITLE DATE COMMENTS PLAS/ART. ANDERSON, R. CONFERENCE DRAWS GAMEPLAN TO DEAL 1988 NATIONAL FISHERMAN 68:20-21. WITH PLASTIC DEBRIS. PLAS/ART. ANDRADY, A.L. THE USE OF ENHANCED DEGRADABLE 1988 IN ALVERSON AND JUNE (eds.) PLASTICS FOR CONTROL OF PLASTI-C PROC. NORTH PACIFIC RIM DEBRIS IN THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT. FISHERMAWIS CONFERENCE ON MARINE DEBRIS.* PLAS/ART. ANIMALS INTERNATIONAL MARINE LITTER - THE LETHAL ISSUE. SPRING 90 ANIMALS INTERNATIONAL, VOL. X/32:8-10.* PLAS/ART. AUSTIN, H.M. & P.M. STOOP-GLAS THE DISTRIBUTION OF POLYSTRENE 1977 CHESAPEAKE SCI. 18(l):89-92. SPHERES AND NIBS IN BLOCK ISLAND SOUND DURING 1972-1973. PLAS/ART, 8OWKER, MICHAEL CAUGHT IN A PLASTIC TRAP. 5/6-86 INTERNATIONAL WILDLIFE p22.* PLAS/ART. CARPENTER, E.J. AND K.L. SMITH, PLASTICS ON THE SARGASSO SEA 1972 SCIENCE, 175:1240-1241. JR. SURFACE. PLAS/ART. CARPENTER, E.J. ET AL. POLYSTRENE SPHERULES IN COASTAL' 1972 SCIENCE, 178:749-750 WATERS. PLAS/ART. CHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING NEWS SOLID WASTE CONCERNS SPUR PLASTIC 1-30-89 RECYCLING. PLAS/ART. COLEMAN, F.C. AND D.H. WENLE PLASTIC POLLUTION: A WORLDWIDE 1984 PARKS, 9:9-12. PROBLEM. PLAS/ART. COLTON, H.S. JR PLASTICS IN THE OCEAN. 1974 OCEANUS, 18:61-64. PLAS/ART. COLTON, J.S., KNAPP, F.D., AND PLASTIC PARTICLE$ IN SURFACE WATERS 1974 SCIENCE, 185:491-497 S.R. BURNS OF THE NORTHWESTERN ATLANTIC. PLAS/ART. CONNER, D.K.& R. OIDELL THE TIGHTENING MET OF WINE 1988 ENVIRONMENT, 30(1):16-20, PLASTICS POLLUTION. 33-36.* PLAS/ART. COTTINGHAN, DAVID PERSISTENT MARINE DEBRIS. FALL 1989 NOWS MARINER'S WEATHER LOG VOL.33 No.4:12.* PLAS/ART. CRAWFORD, M. THERE'S (PLASTIC) GOLD IN THEM THAR 1988 SCIENCE. 241:411-412. LANDFILLS. 11-21 RLAS/ART. CUNDELL, A.M. PLASTIC MATERIALS ACCUMULATING IN 1973. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN, NARRAGANSETT SAY. 4:187-188. PLAS/ART. CURLEE, T.R. PLASTIC RECYCLING: ECONOMIC AND 1966 CONSERVATION AND RECYCLING INSTITUTIONAL ISSUES. 9:335-350. PLAS/ART. DAY, ROBERT H. DAVID D. SHAW PATTERNS IN THE ABUNDANCE OF PELAGIC 1987 MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN, PLASTIC AND TAR IN THE NORTH PACIFIC VOL 18 NO.6b:311-315.* OCEAN, 1976-1985. PLAS/ART. DUERR, C. PLASTIC IS FOREVER: OUR 1980 OCEANS, 13:59-60. NONDEGRADABLE TREASURE. PLAS/ART. EISENBUD, ROBERT THE PELAGIC DRIFTNET. WINTER OCEANUS, p.76.* 84/85 PLAS/ART. FISHING NEWS INTERNATIONAL TOO MUCH PLASTIC IN THE SEA. 8-86 PLAS/ART. FOWLER, D.W. & T.R. MERRELL VICTIMS OF PLASTIC TECHNOLOGY. 1986 ALASKA FISH AND GAME MAGAZINE, 18:34-37. PLAS/ART. FREEMAN, K. WE'RE CHOKING THE OCEANS WITH 1987 NATIONAL FISHERMAN p67. PLASTICS. PLAS/ART. GLADWELL, MALCOLM PLASTICS MANUFACTURERS-SPEED THE 5-2-89 WASHINGTON POST El.* SEARCH FOR'NEW WAYS TO RECYCLE DISPOSABLE PRODUCTS. PLAS/ART. GRAF, G. THE LOOMING CRISIS IN PLASTIC WASTE 1988 ISSUES IN SCIENCE AND DISPOSAL. TECHNOLOGY-pl05. PLAS/ART. GREGORY, M.R. PLASTIC PELLETS ON NEW ZEALAND 1977 MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN, BEACHES. 8:82-84. PLAS/ART. GREGORY, M.R. VIRGIN PLASTIC GRANULES ON SOME 1983 MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL BEACHES OF EASTERN CANADA AN RESEARCH, 10:73-83. BERMUDA. t LAS/ART. HAMILTON, MARTHA M. PLASTICS MOVE FROM TRASH TO CASH 10-4-90 WASHINGTON POST, DI.- COW. LAS/ART. HANSEN, JUDIE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY DRAFT 5/6-90 FISHERIES VOL.15 No.3:16.* POSITION STATEMENT 09 PLASTIC DEBRIS IN MARINE ENVIRONMENTS. IAS/ART. HARGREAVES, H.S. AND E.W. CARTER SUMMARY OF LOST 09 DISCARDED 1989 FOR THE ANNUAL MEETING OF DRIFTNETS REPORTED ON THE COAST OF THE INTERNATIONAL NORTH BRITISH COLOMBIA IN 1989 PACIFIC FIDNERIES COMMISSION. DEPT. OF FISHERIES AND OCEANS, NANAIMO, B.C. 11-22 PLAS/ART. HECHT, BARBARA PLASTICS RECYCLING BECOMES TOP 5-4-89 THE OIL DAILY.* PRIORITY WITH CITIES. PLAS/ART. HOLUSHA, JOHN NEW PACKAGING THAT SPARES THE 3-28-90 NEW YORK TIMES.* ENVIRONMENT. PLAS/ART. HOLUSHA, JOHN 7 POLYSTRENE MAKERS FORM RECYCLING 6-13-89 NEW YORK TIMES.* PROJECT. PLAS/ART. HOLUSNA, JOHN PLASTIC TRASH: 'SILK PURSES' ftJGHT. 5-3-89 NEW YORK TIMES.* PLAS/ART. HOLUSHA, JOHN DOUBTS ARE VOICED ON DEGRADABLE 10-25-89 NEW YORK TIMES.* PLASTICS. PLAS/ART. JOHNSON, S.W. DEPOSITION, FATE, AND 1989 MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN, CHARACTERISTICS OF DERELICT TRAWL 20:164-168. WEB ON AN ALASKAN BEACH. PLAS/ART. KARTAR, S., ABOU-SEEDO, F. & M. POLYSTRENE WASTE IN THE SEVERN 1973 MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN, SAINSBURY ESTUARY. 4:144. PLAS/ART. KARTAR, S., ABOU-SEEDO, F. & POLYSTREWE SPHERULES IN THE SEVERN 1976 MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN, SAINSBURY ESTUARY - A PROGRESS REPORT. 7:52. PLAS/ART. KELL, LORI PLASTIC DEBRIS ... MORE THAW A LITTER SPRING FATHOM, FLORIDA SEA GRANT, PROBLEM: STOW IT---. 1990 ps-lo.- PLAS/ART. KLEMM, BARBARA AND DOTTIE WENDT &EACH CONFETTI. 3/4-90 SEA FRONTIERS, p2g.* PLAS/ART. MANHEIM, B.S. THE OCEANS ARE CHOKING ON PLASTIC 3-1-86 NEW YORK TIMES EDITORIAL. DEBRIS. PLASART. MANVILLE, ALBERT M. 11 TRACKING PLASTIC IN THE PACIFIC. 11/12-88 DEFENDERS plO.* PLAS/ART. MCMANUS, ROGER E. PLASTIC OCEAN POLLUTION: "STOW IT." 10-87 SEA TECHNOLOGY p8l.- PLAS/ART. MERRELL, T.R. JR A DECADE OF CHANGES IN NETS AMID 1984 14ARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN, PLASTIC LITTER FROM FISHERIES OFF 15:378-384. ALASKA. PLAS/ART. MERRELL, T.R. JR FISH NETS AND OTHER PLASTIC LITTER 1985 IN SHOMURAIS PROCEEDINGS OF ON ALASKA BEACHES. THE WORKSHOP ON THE FATE AND IMPACT OF MARINE DEBRIS. PIS.* PLAS/ART. MORRIS, R.J. FLOATING PLASTIC DEBRIS IN THE 1980 MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN, MEDITERRANEAN. IIA-.125 ,. I PLAS/ART. MORRIS, R.J. PLASTIC DEBRIS IN THE SURFACE WATERS 1980 MMINE POLLUTION BULLETIN, OF THE SOUTN ATLANTIC. IIB:I"-166. 11-23 PLAS/ART. MORRIS, R.J. FLOATING PLASTIC DEBRIS IN T HE 1980 MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN, MEDITERRANEAN. 11:125. PLAS/ART. MROSOVSKY, N. PLASTIC JELLYFISH. 1981 MARINE TURTLE NEWSLETTER 117:5. PLAS/ART. MURPHY, J. THE PERILS OF PLASTIC POLLUTION. 6-2-86 TIME. PLAS/ART. MURPHY, MARVIN PROJECTED DEMAND FOR PLASTIC 1-5-89 THE OIL D .AILY.* MATERIALS SEEN LIMITED BY ECOLOGICAL CONCERNS. PLAS/ART. NAJ, AMAL KUMAR BACK TO THE LAB: BIG CHEMICAL 7-21-a8 WALL STREET JOURNAL.* CONCERNS HASTEN TO DEVELOP BIODEGRADABLE PLASTICS. PLASART. NIGAM, R. PLASTIC PELLETS ON THE CARANZALEM 1982 MAHASAGAR, 15:125. BEACH SANDS, GOA, INDIA. PLAS/ART. OATES, S. PLASTICS PUSHING BOTTLES, CANS OFF 8-25-85 WASHINGTON POST, Fl. SHELVES. PLASART. PARKER, PATRICIA A. CLEARING THE OCEANS OF THE PLASTICS 3/4-90 SEA FRONTIERS pl8.* THREAT. PLASART. PARKER, SUSIE T. DU PONT PLANS TO BUILD RECYCLING 5-4-89 THE OIL DAILY.* PLANT. PLAS/ART. PARR, J. DEGRADABLE POLYMERS? 1987 FORBES p206- 210. PLAS/ART. PAUL, BILL ON THE SHOULDERS OF MRS. ROBINSON 7-5-90 WALL STREET JOURNAL, THE FUTURE RESTS. RECYCLING.* PLAS/ART. PAUL, BILL PACKAGE FIRMS FIND ITS HARD BEING 5-25-90 WALL STREET JOURNAL.* 'GREEN.' PLAS/ART. PRUTER, A.T. SOURCES, QUANTITIES, AND 19811 MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN, DISTRIBUTIONS OF PERSISTENT PLASTICS VOL.16 NO.6b:305-310.* IN THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT. PLAS/ART. SCHIBER, J.G. PLASTIC PELLETS ON THE COAST OF 1979 MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN, LEBANON. 10:28-30. PLAS/ART. SCHIBER, J.G. PLASTIC PELLETS ON SPAIN'S "COSTA 1982 MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN, DEL SOLK BEACHES. 13:409-412. PLAS/ART. SCOTT, G. PLASTIC PACKAGING AND COASTAL 1.972 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF. POLLUTION. ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES 30):35-36. 11-24 PLAS/ART. SCOTT, G. THE GROWTH OF PLASTICS PACKAGING 1975 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LITTER. ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES, 7(2):1313-1332. PLAS/ART. S MOCK, DOUG ARE SHIPBOARD PLASTIdS ALL WASHED 9-88 PLASTICS WORLD:75.* UP? PLAS/ART. STACHECKI, DONNA PUTTING PLASTICS IN THEIR PLACE. UNKNOWN UNKNOWN ORIGIN. DELAWARE SPECIFIC RECYCLING.* PLAS/ART. STEVENS, L. GHOST GILLNETS: PROBLEM NOT 1-87 COMMERCIAL FISHERIES NEWS. CRITICAL. PLAS/ART. STEVENS, WILLIAM K. DEGRADABLE PLASTICS SHOW PROMISE IN 4-11-89 NEW YORK TIMES.* FIGHT AGAINST TRASH. PLAS/ART. TAYLOR, L. DEGRADABLE PLASTICS: SOLUTION OR 1979 CHEMTECH, 9:542. ILLUSION? PLAS/ART. THOMPSON, K. NEW PLASTIC COKE CANS SPARK 2 -21 - 86 THE JOURNAL OF COMMERCE. CONTROVERSY. PLAS/ART. TREZEK, G.J., & J. TIXIER PROCESSING PET BOTTLES INTO HIGH 1987 RESOURCES AND CONSERVATION, PURITY FLAKE. VOL. 15:151. PLAS/ART. VENRICK, E.L., et at. MAN-OWE OBJECTS ON THE SURFACE,OF 1973 MATURE, 241:271 THE CENTRAL WORTH PACIFIC OCEAN@ PLAS/ART. WEHLE, D.H.S. AND F.C. COLEMAN PLASTICS AT SEA 2-83 NATURAL HISTORY VOL. 92 NO.2 9.20. PLAS/ART. WEISSKOPF, MICHAEL PLASTICS REAP A GRIN HARVEST IN THE 3-88 SMITHSONIAN p59.- OCEANS OF THE WORLD. PLAS/ART. WILBER, R.J.- PLA STIC IN THE WORTH ATLANTIC. 1988 OCEANUS 30:61-68. PLAS/ART. WILLOUGHBY, M.G. MAN-MADE LITTER ON THE SNORES OF THE 1986 MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN, THOUSAND ISLAND ARCHIPELAGO, JAVA. 17:224-228. PLAS/ART. WINSTON, J.E. DRIFT PLASTIC - AN EXPANDING NICHE 1982 MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN FOR 14ARINE INVERTEBRATE. 13:348-351. PLAS/ART. WOLFE, DOUGLAS A. PERSISTENT PLASTICS AND DEBRIS IN 1987 14ARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN THE OCEAN: AN INTERNATIONAL PROBLEM VOL.18 No.6b:303.* OF OCEAN DISPOSAL. PLAS/ART. WONG, C.D., D. MOCOONALO, I W. DISTRIBUTION OF TAR AND OTHER 1976 BEAUFORT SEA PROJECT, CRETNEY PARTICULATE POLLUTANTS ALONG THE VICTORIA, BC. BEAUFORT SEA BEAUFORT SEA COAST. TECHNICAL REPORT NO.13. 11-25 MARINE DEBRIS BIBLIOGRAPHY BY SUBJECT NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION OFFICE OF OCEAN AND COASTAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT SUBJECT AUTHOR TITLE DATE COMMENTS PLASTIC ALASKA SEA GRANT COLLEGE OCEANS OF PLASTIC: A WORKSHOP ON 12-a8 REPORT NO. 88-7.* PROGRAM.. FISHERIES GENERATED MARINE DEBRIS AND DERELICT FISHING GEAR. PLASTIC ANDRADY, A.L. EXPERIMENTAL DEMONSTRATION OF 19as NOAA/NMFS SEATTLE, WA. CONTROLLED PHOTODEGRADATION OF RELEVANT PLASTIC COMPOSITIONS UNDER MARINE ENVIRON14EMTAL CONDITIONS. PLASTIC ANDOADY, A.L. THE USE OF ENHANCED DEGRADABLE 1988 IN JUNE AND ALVERSON (eds.) PLASTICS FOR CONTROL OF PLASTIC PROC. NORTH PACIFIC RIM DEBRIS IN THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT. FISHERMAN'S CONFERENCE ON MARINE DEBRIS.* PLASTIC ARTHUR D. LITTLE, INC. INCENTIVES FOR RECYCLING AND REUSE 1973 U.S. EPA. OF PLASTICS: A SUM14ARY REPORT. PLASTIC AUGEROT, X. PLASTICS IN THE OCEANi WHAT ARE WE 1988 WASHINGTON SEA GRANT MARINE DOING TO CLEAN IT UP?* ADVISORY SERVICE.* PLASTIC BAUER, D* PLASTIC POLLUTION: A PERSISTENT 1986 NEWSLETTER OF THE UNIVERSITY PROBLEM OF HAWAII SEA GRANT COLLEGE PROGRAM "MAKAII, VOL.8.* PLASTIC BELL, T.M., J.R. SCHUBEL & R.L. FLOATABLE WASTES AND THE REGION'S 1989 MARINE SCIENCE RESEARCH SWANSON (eds.) BEACHES: ANSWERS TO SOME COMMON CENTER, SUNY STONY BROOK, QUESTIONS. REPORT 85, REF. 89-3.* PLASTIC BERGER, J.D.. AND C.E. ARMISTEAD DISCARDED NET MATERIAL IN ALASKAN 1987 NOAA/NMFS NWAFC. WATERS, 1982-84. PLASTIC BUXTON, R. PLASTIC DEBRIS AND LOST AND 1989 ABANDONED FISHING GEAR IN THE AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT. A BACKGROUND PAPER FRO14 A CANADIAN PERSPECTIVE FOR A WORKSHOP TO RE HELD IN HALIFAX, 14AY 1989. PLASTIC CASPE, R.L. TRANSC RIPT OF TESTIMONY ON THE 7-87 FOR ENVIRON14ENT AND PUBLIC POLLUTION OF COASTAL WATERS BY. WORKS COMMITTEE, FLOATAIILE MATERIALS, SPECIFICALLY SUBCOMMITTEE ON PLASTICS. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION. 11-26 PLASTIC CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL USE AND DISPOSAL OF NOMBIODEGRADABLE 1986 FOR U.S. EPA. EDUCATION PLASTICS IN THE MARINE AND GREAT LAKES ENVIRONMENTS. PLASTIC CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL A CITIZENS GUIDE TO PLASTICS IN THE 19a8 EXCIELLENT SUMMARY OF GENERAL EDUCATION. OCEAN: MORE THAN A LITTER ISSUES FOR THE LAYMAN.* PROBLEM. PLASTIC CENTER FOR PLASTICS RECYCLING TECHNICAL REPORTS #1 THROUGH #39. 6-30-89 818LIOGRAPHY OF PLASTICS RESEARCH RECYCLING AND RECLAMATION REPORTS AND PAPERS, RUTGERS, NJ.* PLASTIC CONOSCENTI, THOMAS FLOATABLE WASTE IN 1988 AND ITS 3-21-89 PRESENTED AT CONFERENCE ON IMPACT ON THE LONG ISLAND TOURIST FLOATABLE WASTES IN THE INDUSTRY. OCEAN: SOCIAL, ECONOMIC, AND PUBLIC HEALTH IMPLICATIONS, SUNY STONY BROOK, NY. PLASTIC COTTINGHAM, DAVID PERSISTENT MARINE DEBRIS: CHALLENGE 1988 NOAA, OFFICE OF THE CHIEF AND RESPONSE: THE FEDERAL SCIENTIST. EXCELLENT PERSPECTIVE. OVERVIEW.* PLASTIC CURLEE, T.R. THE ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY OF 1986 NEW YORK, NY: PRAEGER. RECYCLING: A CASE STUDY OF PLASTIC WASTES. PLASTIC HENEMAN, BURR AND THE CENTER FOR PERSISTENT MARINE DEBRIS IN THE 7-88 A REPORT TO THE MMC AND ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION. NORTH SEA, NORTHWEST ATLANTIC NOAA.* OCEAN,WIDER CAR18SEAN AREA, AND THE WEST CCOAST OF BAJA, CA. PLASTIC INDUSTRIAL ECONOMICS, INC. PLASTIC RECYCLING: INCENTIVES, 1988 U.S. EPA. MARKETS, AND GOVERNMENT ROLES. PLASTIC LEE, MARTIN R. INFECTIOUS WASTE BEACH CLOSINGS. 1988 CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE REPORT FOR CONGRESS. PLASTIC LEIDNER, J. PLASTICS WASTE, RECOVERY OF ECONOMIC 1981 NEW YORK, NY: MARCEL DEKKER, VALUE. INC. PLASTIC LUCAS, Z. STUDY OF PERSISTENT LITTER IN THE 1988 REPORT FOR MOBILE OIL, MARINE ENVIRONMENT USING SABLE CANADA. ISLAND AS A MONITORING STATION. PLASTIC MERRIAM, C. NEAL COLLECTION SYSTEMSFOR PLASTICS IN 7-1-87 CENTER FOR PLASTICS MWICIPAL SOLID WASTE. RECYCLING RESEARCH. TECHNICAL REPORT R9. RUTGERS, NJ. 11-27 PLASTIC MODERN PLASTICS RESIN REPORT 1-89 Mc.GRAW-HILL, NEW YORK, MY. ASTIC MORROW, DARRELL R., & EDWARD M.. AN ECONOMIC MODEL OF RECYCLING 10-14-87 Sim NATIONAL RECYCLING PHILLIPS POST-CONSUMER PLASTICS. CONGRESS. CENTER FOR PLASTICS RECYCLING RESEARCH, RUTGERS, NJ.* PLASTIC McGRAW-HILL MODERN PLASTICS ENCYCLOPEDIA. 1988 NEW YORK, NY.' LASTIC NEW JERSEY DEPARTMENT OF NEW JERSEY FLOATABLES STUDY: 11-87 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION POSSIBLE SOURCES, TRANSPORT, AND BEACH SURVEY RESULTS. ILASTIC NEW JERSEY DEPARTMENT OF NEW JERSEY FLOATABLES.STUOY: DRIFTER 8-88 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECT104 STUDY RESULTS. IPLASTIC NOAA INTERAGENCY TASK FORCE ON PERSISTENT MAY 1988 MARINE DEBRIS. PLASTIC OFIARA, D., DOUGLAS, & B. BROWN MARINE POLLUTION EVENTS OF 1988 AND 3-21-89 PRESENTED AT THE CONFERENCE THEIR EFFECT ON TRAVEL, TOURISM, AND ON FLOATABLE WASTES-IN THE RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIES IN NEW OCEAN: SOCIAL, ECONOMIC, AND JERSEY. PUBLIC HEALTH IMPLICATIONS, SUNY, STONY BROOK, NY. PLASTIC SOCIETY OF THE PLASTICIS, INC. FACTS AND FIGURES OF THE U.S.PLASTIC 1989 WASHINGTON, DC. $150.00. INDUSTRY. PLASTIC STEINHAUER, M., R. RIDGEWAY, & PLASTIC POLLUTION IN THE NEW YORK 1988 PREPARED FOR U.S. EPA REGION P. 86EH14 SIGHT. 11 BY BATTELLE OCEAN SERVICES, DUXBURY, MA. PLASTIC STEWART, THOMAS R, et. at (ads) PERSPECTIVES ON MEDICAL WASTE. 6-89 THE ROCKEFELLER INSTITUTE OF GOVERNMENT, SUNY ALBANY, NY.* PLASTIC SWANSON, R.L. FLOATABLES. APPENDIX I TO NJ THE STATE OF THE OCEAN.* PLASTIC SWANSON,.R.L. FLOATABLE WASTES IN MARINE WATERS. 6-89 IN PERSPECTIVES ON MEDICAL WASTE, ROCKEFELLER INSTITUTE OF 0 OVE RNMENT, SUNY.* PLASTIC SWANSON, R.L. AND R. ZIMMER WASHUPS OF FLOATABLE WASTE MATERIALS IN PREP IN SHOMURAIS (ed.) AND THEIR.IMPACTS ON NEW YORK BIGHT PROCEEDINGS OF THE SECOND BEACHES. INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON 14ARINE DEBRIS, HONOLULU, MI. PLASTIC THE SOCIETY OF PLASTICS INDUSTRY PLEASE DON'T FEED THE BIRDS. 4-90 PLASTIC MARINE DEBRIS EDUCATION KIT DESIGNED FOR PLASTICS INDUSTRY.* 11-28 PLASTIC TITUS, J.B. ENVIRONMENTALLY DEGRADABLE PLASTICS: 1973 PLASTIC TECHNICAL EVALUATION A REVIEW. CENTER, DOVER, NJ. PLASTIC U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION METHODS TO MANAGE AND CONTROL 2-90 CH.3.* AGENCY: REPORT TO CONGRESS PLASTIC WASTES. PLASTIC U.S. GENERAL ACCOUNTING OFFICE DEGRADABLE PLASTICS: STANDARDS, 9-88 RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT. PLASTIC VAUGHAN, D.A. et at. ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF FUTURE 1975 U.S. EPA NATIONAL DISPOSAL METHODS FOR PLASTICS IN ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE. CENTER, CINCINNATI, OH. *PLASTIC WASHINGTON STATE DNR MARINE PLASTIC DEBRIS ACTION PLAN 1988 EXCELLENT OUTLINE OF MARINE FOR WASHINGTON STATE. DEBRIS PROBLEM AND WHO IS DOING WHAT TO SOLVE 17.* PLASTIC WIRKA, J. WRAPPED 19 PLASTICS: THE 1988 ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION ENVRIONMENTAL CASE FOR REDUCING FOUNDATION, WASHINGTON, D.C. PLASTICS PACKAGING. NEW EDITION FALL 90. 11-29 MARINE DEBRIS BIBLIOGRAPHY BY SUBJECT NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC A014INISTRATION OFFICE OF OCEAN AND COASTAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT SUBJECT AUTHOR TITLE DATE COMMENTS PORT/SHIP AD HOC ADVISORY COMMITTEE ON REDUCING NAVY MARINE PLASTIC 6-28-88 REPORT TO ASST. SEC. OF THE PLASTICS POLLUTION. NAVY FOR SHIPBUILDING AND LOGISTICS.* PORTISIIP BAYLISS, RANDOLPH AND C. DEMING FINAL REPORT ON TIE IMPACT OF MARPOL 11-19 NOAAINMFS.* COWLES ANNEX V UPON SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL FACILITIES OF COASTAL ALASKAN COMMUNITIES. PORT/SHIP BRILLAT, TOM MARPOL ANNEX V: HOW IT CAN AFFE CT 1988 RHODE ISLAND SEA GRANT YOU. - REPORT.* PORT/SHIP BRILLAT, TOM MARINE PLASTIC POLLUTION AND MARPOL 1989 R.I. SEA GRANT REPORT.* ANNEX V. PORT/SHIP CAVALIERE, LOUIS A. TRASH MANAGEMENT AT SEA 1988 UNPUBLISHED PAPER GIVEN AT THE CONFERENCE OF INTERNATIONAL SHIP SUPPLIERS ASSOCIATION.* PORT/SHIP CENTER FOR MARINE CONSERVATION DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF 4-90 NMFS SALTONSALL/KENNEDY AND KEARNEY/CENTAUR DIVISION EDUCATION TECHNIQUES TO ELIMINATE AT PROGRAM, SEATTLE, WA.* SEA DISPOSAL OF PLASTICS. PORTISIIP DISENEDETTO, WILLIAM NAVY UNWRAPS PLANS TO CONFORM WITH 7-1-88 THE JOURNAL OF COMMERCE.* RULES ENDING PLASTIC DUMPING. PORT/SHIP DOHERTY, LINDA PILOT PROJECT TO ENCOURAGE PROPER 9-5-90 SUBMITTED TO THE HANDLING AND RECYCLING OF MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT FOR DEBRIS AT A SERIES OF SMALL PORTS IN MARINAS'INTERNATIONAL NEW JERSEY. CONFERENCE,* WASHINGTON, DC.- PORT/SHIP DOYLE, BRIAN, AND ROLAND BARNABY REDUCING MARINE DEBRIS: A MODEL 1990 SEA GRANT COLLEGE PROGRAM. PROGRAM FOR MARINAS. U. OF NEW HAMPSHIRE.* PORT/SHIP DUNAWAY, MARJORIE TOGIAK PILOT PROJECT GARBAGE PICK UP 7-90 U. of ALASKA MARINE ADVISORY SERVICE. PROGRAM and SW ALASKA MUNICIPAL CONFERENCE. PICKUP FROM SEINERS AND GILLNETTERS ON FISHING GROUNDS.* PORT/SHIP FLIMLIN, GEF DISPOSING COMMERCIAL GEAR. 1989 NEW JERSEY SHORELINE, vOL-2 NO.3 WINTER/SPRING.- 11-30 PORT/SHIP GILL, SEAN E. AND TODD M. OLSON STUDY OF PLASTIC WASTE MANAGEMENT 4-90 DAVID TAYLOR RESEARCH ABOARD USS DOYLE (FFG 39). CENTER, BETHESDA, MO.- PORT/SHIP HALLIDAY, JAN OREGON PORT LEADS THE WAY CLEANING 6-88 NATIONAL FISHERMAN p32.* UP MARINE DEBRIS. PORT/SHIP HUNT, W.H. MARPOL ANNEX V: PREVENTION OF 8-87 AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF POLLUTION BY PLASTICS, GARBAGE, AND PUBLIC PORTS. TRASH FROM SHIPS - REPORT ON SURVEY OF SELECTED U.S. PORTS. PORT/SHIP INTERNATIONAL MARITIME IMPLEMENTATION OF ANNEXES V AiD'IV 9-8-88 MARINE ENVIRONMENT ORGANIZATION OF MARPOL 73/78: REPORT OF THE PROTECTION COMMITTEE.* WORKING GROUP ON OPTIONAL ANNEXES.@ PORTISHIP KEARNEY/CENTAUR DIVISION MODEL PLASTICS REFUSE CONTROL AND 12-89 FOR NOAAAMFS SEATTLE, WA.* MINIMIZATION PLAN FOR SHIPS. PORT/SHIP KEARNEY/CENTAUR DIVISION DEALING WITH GARBAGE UNDER MARPOL 11-89 FOR NOAAINMFS SEATTLE, WA.* ANNEX V: EXAMPLES OF COMPLIANCE APPROACHES USED BY THE SHIPPING INDUSTRY. PORT/SHIP MACGREGOR, P. INTERNATIONAL LAWS REGULATING SOLID 1988 IN ALVERSON AND JUNE (eds.) WASTE DISPOSAL FROM SHIPS. PROC. NORTH PACIFIC RIM FISHERMANIS CONFERENCE ON MARINE DEBRIS.* PORT/SHIP MARTINEZ, L.A. SHIPBOARD WASTE DISPOSAL: TAKING OUT IN PREP 'IN SHOMURAIS (ed.) THE TRASH UNDER THE NEW RULES. PROCEEDINGS OF THE SECOND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MARINE DEBRIS, HONOLULU, HI. PORT/SHIP MILLIKEN, ANDREW AND VIRGINIA POLLUTION 114PACTS FRO14 RECREATION 1990 UNIVERSITY OF RHODE ISLAND LEE BOATING: A BIBLIOGRAPHY AND SUM14ARY SEA GRANT, INFORMATION AND REVIEW. EDUCATION OFFICE. S5.00.* PORT/SHIP NIGHTINGALE, DAVID E.B. MARPOL V / MPPRCA, AND SHIP GARBAGE 1989 R.W. BECK AND ASSOCIATES, MANAGEMENT. SEATTLE, WA. G&A FOR PORTS.* PORT/SHIP OLSON, TODD M., SEAN E. GILL, STUDY OF SOLID AND PLASTIC WASTE 3-89 DAVID TAYLOR RESEARCH AND CRAIG S. ALIG MANAGEMENT ABOARD USS EMlORY S. LAND CENTER. BETHESDA, MD.* (AS 39). PORT/SHIP PACIFIC ASSOCIATES THE EFFECTS OF MARPOL, ANNEX V, ON 9-88 NOAA/NMFS.* THE PORTS OF KODIAK AND UNALASKA. PORT/SHIP PARKER, N., S. HUNTER R.J. DE VELOPMENT OF METHODOLOGY TO REDUCE 1987 NOAA/NMFS 85-A&C-00203. YANG THE DISPOSAL OF NOM-DEGRADABLE GOOD TECHNICAL EXPLANATIONS REFUSE INTO THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT. OF AT SEA WASTE MANAGEMENT.* 11- 31 HIP RECHT, FRAN DEALING WITH ANNEX V - REFERENCE 9_a8 NOAA TECHNICAL MEMORANDUM GUIDE FOR PORTS. NMFS F/NWR-23.* PORT PORT/SHIP RECHT, FRAN MARINA REFUSE AND RECYCLING 9-5-90 SUBMITTED TO ENVIRONMENTAL FACILITIES: U.S. WEST COAST PORTS MANAGEMENT FOR MARINAS RESPOND TO MARPOL ANNEX V INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE, REQUIREMENTS & REDUCE COSTS. WASHINGTON, DC. USEFUL INFOR14ATION FOR MARINAS.* PORT/SHIP RECHT, FRAN REPORT ON A PORT-BASED PROJECT TO 7-a8 NOAA/NMFS NWAFC a8-26.* REDUCE MARINE DEBRIS. PORT/SHIP RECHT, FRAN AND S. LASSEIGNE PROVIDING REFUSE RECEPTION IN PREP IN SH014URAIS (ed.) FACILITIES AND 14CRE: THE PORTIS PROCEEDINGS OF THE SECOND ROLE IN THE MARINE DEBRIS SOLUTION. INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MARINE DEBRIS, HONOLULU, HI. PORT/SHIP SCHULTZ, J.P. & W.K. UPTON III SOLID WASTE GENERATION SURVEY ABOARD 1988 U.S. NAVY, DAVID W. TAYLOR USS O'BANNON (DD 987). NAVAL SHIP RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER, ANNAPOLIS, MD. PORT/SHIP STEVENS, L. WIlL TOUGHER LICENSING EASE GEAR 1985 COMMERCIAL FISHING NEWS CONFLICTS? 13(6):21. PORT/SHIP TAKEHAMA, S. ESTIMATION OF DA14AGE OF FISHING IN PRESS IN-SHOMURAIS (ed.) VESSELS CAUSED BY MARINE DEBRIS PROCEEDINGS OF THE SECOND BASED ON STATISTICS OF THE DAMAGE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INSURANCE FOR FISHING VESSELS. MARINE DEBRIS, HONOLULU, HI. PORTISHIP U.S DEPARTMENT OF DISPOSAL OF PLASTICS AND OTHER 8-90 80ATING SAFETY CIRCULAR 70.* TRANSPORTATION, COAST GUARD GARBAGE IN WATERS OF THE UNITED STATES. PORT/SHIP U.S. DEPARTMENT OF REPORT ON P ORT AND SHIPPING SAFETY 1-91 MARITIME ADMINISTRATION, TRANSPORTATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION. NO.18:9-12.* PORT/SHIP U.S. NAVY SHIP'S GUIDE TO RECENT NAVY 1-89 OFFICE OF THE CHIEF OF NAVAL INITIATIVES FOR,SHIPBOARD SOLID AND OPERATIONS.* PLASTIC WASTE DEVELOPMENT. PORT/SHIP U.S. NAVY PLATICS WASTE MANAGE14ENT PROGRAM. VIDEO.* PORT/SHIP WHITEHEAD, JOEL LT.CDR USCG REDUCING PLASTIC POLLUTION IN THE UNDATED MARINE ENVIRONMENT: THE U.S COAST GUARD AND IMPLEMEN7ATION-OF ANNEX V OF MARPOL 73/78. 11-32 MARINE DEBRIS BIBLIOGRAPHY BY SUBJECT NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION OFFICE OF OCEAN AND COASTAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT SUBJECT AUTHOR TITLE DATE COMMENTS REG/LEG. ANDRADY, ANTHONY L. PRESENTATION ON PLASTIC WASTE 9-17-87 CONTROLLING AND REDUCING REDUCTION IN THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION FROM PLASTIC FOR THE SENATE SUBCOMMITTEE ON - WASTE. WASHINGTON DC.* ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION. REG/LEG. AP JAPAN, U.S. AGREE ON DRIFTNET PACT. 12-13-89 THE OREGONIAN.* REG/LEG. BEAN, MICHAE L J. LEGAL STRATEGIES FOR REDUCING 1987 MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN PERSISTENT PLASTICS IN THE MARINE VOL. 18 NO.6b:357-360.* ENVIRONMENT. REG/LEG. BROWN, WILLIAM Y. STATEMENT OF WILLIAM Y. BROWN, 9-17-87 CONTROLLING AND REDUCING DIRECTOR OF GOVERNMENTAL AFFAIRS, POLLUTION FRO14 PLASTIC WASTE MANAGEMENT INCORPORATED BEFORE WASTE. WASHINGTON, DC.* THE SENATE SUBCOMMITTEE ON- ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION. REG/LEG. CASPE, RICHARD L. TESTIMONY OF RICHARD L. CASPE, 7-7-87 CONTROLLING AND REDUCING DIRECTOR WATER MANAGEMENT DIVISION, POLLUTION FRO14 PLASTIC U.S. EPA, REGION 11 BEFORE THE WASTE, ASBURY PARK, NJ.- SENATE SUBCOMMITTEE ON ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION. REG/LEG. CONGRESSIONAL QUARTERLY HOUSE PANEL APPROVE BILLS TO SAN SEA 1987 P.2248. DISPOSAL OF PLASTICS. REG/LEG. CONGRESSIONAL QUARTERLY SPECIES, PLASTICS UP IN SENATE. 10-19-87 WEEKLY BULLETIN.* REG/LEG. CONGRESSIONAL QUARTERLY PLASTICS POLLUTION RESEARCH AND 10-12-87 WEEKLY BULLETIN.* CONTROL ACT-MR 940. REG/LEG. CORBETT, CHARLES.R. STATE14ENT OF CAPTAIN CHARLES R. 9-17-87 CONTROLLING AND REDUCING CORBETT, U.S. COAST GUARD BEFORE THE POLLUTION FROM PLASTIC SENATE SUBCOMMITTEE ON ENVIRONMENTAL WASTE. WASHINGTON, DC.- PROTECTION. REG/LEG. CORRADO, ERNEST J. STATEMENT OF ERNEST J. CORRADO, 9-17-90 CONTROLLING AND REDUCING PRESIDENT, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF POLLUTION FROM PLASTIC MERCHANT SHIPPING BEFORE THE SENATE WASTE. WASHINGTON, DC.- SUBCOMMITTEE ON ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION. REG/LEG. COXE, TRUDY TESTIMONY BEFORE THE SENATE 6-1-87 EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR, SAVE THE SUBCOMMITTEE ON ENVIRONMENTAL SAY. NARRAGANSETT, RI.- PROTECTION, CONTROLLING AND REDUCING- POLLUTION FROM PLASTIC WASTE. 11-33 REG./LEG. DAVIES, TUDOR T. STATEMENT OF TUDOR T. DAVIES, 9-17-87 CONTROLLING AND REDUCING DIRECTOR, OFFICE OF MARINE AND POLLUTION FROM PLASTIC ESTUARINE PROTECTION, U.S. EPA WASTE. WASHINGTON, DC.-. BEFORE THE SENATE SUBC OMM ITTEE ON ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION. REG/LEG. DAVIS, JOSEPH A. HOU SE VOTES TO BAN DUMPING OF 10-17-87 CONGRESSIONAL QUARTERLY PLASTICS AT SEA. p2542.* REG/LEG. DEFENDERS SENATE APPROVES PLASTIC TREATY. 1/2-88 FRONTLINES SECTION p6.- REGILEG. DOUGLAS, JAMES E. JR. TESTIMONY OF JAMES E. DOUGLAS, JR. 9-17-87 CONTROLLING AND REDUCING ACTING DEPUTY ASS19TANT POLLUTION FROM PLASTIC ADMINISTRATOR FOR FISHERIES BEFOR WASTE, WASHINGTON, DC.- SENATE SUBCOMMITTEE ON ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION. REG/LEG. EASTERN RESEARCH GROUP, INC. AN ECONOMIC EVALUATION AND 12-88 FOR U.S. COAST GUARD.* ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF REGULATIONS IMPLEMENTING ANNEX V TO MARPOL 73/78. REG/LEG. FREEMAN, LEWIS R. JR. STATEMENT OF MR. LEWIS FREEMAN, VICE 9-17-87 CONTROLLING AND REDUCING PRESIDENT, GOVERNMENT AFFAIRS OF THE POLLUTION FROM PLASTIC SOCIETY OF THE PLASTICS INDUSTRY WASTE. WASHINGTON, DC.- BEFORE THE SENATE SUBCOMMITTEE ON ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION. REG/LEG. FULLILOVE, JIM BAGGING PLASTICS AND TOXIC PAINT. 11-87 NATIONALFISHERMAN.* REG/LEG. GOSLINER, MICHAEL LEGAL AUTHORITIES PERTINENT TO 1985 IN SHOMURAIS PROCEEDINGS OF ENTANGLEMENT BY MARINE DEBRIS. THE WORKSHOP ON THE FATE AND IMPACT OF MARINE DEBRIS.* REI/LEG* GRECO, JAMES R* STATE14ENT OF BROWNING-FERRIS 9-17-87 CONTROLLING AND REDUCING INDUSTRIES BEFORE THE SENATE POLLUTION FROM PLASTIC SUBCOMMITTEE ON ENVIRONMENTAL WASTE. WASHINGTON, DC.- PROTECTION. REG/LEG. KEENEY, T.R.E UNITED STATES LAW AND POLICY ON 1988 IN ALVERSOM AND JUNE (eds.) KOINE DEBRIS INCLUDING PLASTICS AND PROC. NORTH PACiFIC R114 OTHER SYNTHETIC MATERIALS. FISHER14AMIS CONFERACE ON MARINE DEBRIS.* REGIIEG* KESTER, DANA R, TESTIMONY OF PROFESSOR DANA R. 9-17-87 CONTROLLING AND REDUCING KESTER GRADUATE SCHOOL OF POLLUTION FRO14 PLASTIC OCEAWXWNY, UNIVERSITY OF RHODE WASTES, WASHINGTON, DC.* ISLAND BEFORE THE SENATE SUBCOMMITTEE ON ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION. 11-34 REG/LEG. KIME , J. WILLIAM STATEMENT OF REAR ADMIRAL J. WILLIAM 7-7-87 CONTROLLING AND REDUCING KIME, U.S. COAST GUARD BEFORE THE POLLUTION FROM PLASTIC SENATE SUBCOMMITTEE ON ENVIRONMENTAL WASTE, ASBURY PARK, NJ.- PROTECTION. REG/LEG. KIRK, JAMES J.- TESTIMONY OF JAMES KIRK, DIRECTOR OF 9-17-87 CONTROLLING AND REDUCING PORT DEPARTMENT, THE PORT AUTHORITY POLLUTION FROM PLASTIC OF NEW YORK AND NEW JERSEY BEFOR THE WASTE, WASHINGTON, DC.- SENATE SUBCOMMITTEE ON ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION. REGAEG. KITSOS, THOMAS R. AND JOAN M. CONGRESS AND WASTE DISPOSAL AT SEA. SUMMER OCEANUS VOL.33 NO.2.* SONDAREFF 1990 REG/LEG. LANCASTER, HON. H. MARTIN DEGRADABLE PLASTICS ACT OF 1989. 3-15-89 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD EXTENSION OF REMARKS: E811.* REG/LEG. LAREAU, JANE NEW LAWS, NEW HOPE: WE CAN STOP SUMMER COASTAL HERITAGE, S.C. SEA MARINE LITTER. 1988 GRANT CONSORTIUM, p4.* REG/LEG. LEE, M.R. MARINE PLASTICS POLLUTION CONTROL 5-20-88 U.S. LIBRARY OF CONGRESS,' LEGISLATION. CRS.* REG/LEG. LENTZ, SALLY ANN PLASTICS IN THE MARINE'ENVIRONMENT: 1987 MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN, LEGAL APPROACHES FOR INTERNATIONAL VOL. 18 No.6b:361-365.* ACTION. REG/LEG. MANVILLE, ALBERT M. TESTIMONY OF THE ENTANGLEMENT 9-17-87 CON TROLLING AND REDUCING NETWORK COALITION BEFORE THE SENATE POLLUTION FROM PLASTIC SUBCOMMITTEE ON ENVIRONMENTAL WASTE. WASHINGTON, DC.* PROTECTION. REG/LEG. MAURO, GARY TESTIMONY OF GARY MAURO, 9-17-87 CONTROLLING AND REDUCING COMMISSIONER OF THE GENERAL LAND POLLUTION FROM PLASTIC OFFICE, STATE OF TEXAS BEFORE THE WASTE. WASHINGTON, DC.* SENATE SUBCOMMITTEE ON ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION. REG/LEG. MCCANN, GEORGE,C. TESTIMONY OF GEORGE C. 14CCANN BEFORE 7-7-87 DIRECTOR, DIVISION OF WATER SENATE SUBCOMMITTEE ON ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES, NJ DEPARTMENT OF PROTECTION, CONTROLLING AND REDUCING EMVIROW14ENTAL PROTECTION. POLLUTION FROM PLASTIC WASTE. ASBURY PARK, NJ.- REG/LEG. MCMANUS, ROGER E. TESTIMONY OF THE CENTER FOR 9-17-87 CONTROLLING AND REDUCING ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION BEFORE THE POLLUTION FROM PLASTIC SENATE SUBCOMMITTEE ON ENVIRONMENTAL WASTE, WASHINGTON, DC.- PROTECTION. REGAEG. MISSISSIPPI LEGISLATURE AN ACT TO PROHIBIT THE DISPOSAL OF 3-28-89 SENATE BILL NO.2675 AS PLASTICS AND OTHER GARRAGE IN MARINE APPROVED BY THE GOVERNOR.* WATERS, TO REQUIRE DISPOSAL FACILITIES AT CERTAIM ACCESS AREAS, TO PROVIDE PENALTIES FOR THE VIOLATION OF THIS ACT, AND FOR RELATED PmposibI-35 REG/LEG. MOYER,,STEVEN AND JOHN P.ERNST COMMENTS OF THE NATIONAL WILDLIFE 10-1-87 CONTROLLING AND REDUCING FEDERATION FOR THE SENATE POLLUTION FROM PLASTIC SUBCOMMITTEE ON ENVIRONMENTAL WASTE. WASHINGTON, OC.- PROTECTION. REG/LEG. PARRISH, MOLLY R. BAN ON OCEAN DISPOSAL OF PLASTICS. 9-26-87 CONGRESSIONAL QUARTERLY p2321.- REG/LEG. PYATT, EVERETT STATEMENT OF MR. EVERETT PYATT 9-17-87 CONTROLLING AND REDUCING ASSISTANT SECRETARY OF THE NAVY FOR POLLUTION FROM PLASTIC SHIPBUILDING AND LOGISTICS BEFOR4 WASTE. WASHINGTON, DC.- THE SENATE SUBCOMMITTEE ON ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION. REG/LEG. SEERALD, R.E. IMPLEMENTATION AND ENFORCEMENT OF IN PREP IN SH014URAIS (eds.) ANNEX V OF MARPOL 73/73 IN THE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SECOND UNITED STATES. INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON 14ARINE DEBRIS, HONOLULU, HI. REG/LEG. STROMBERG, E. AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF PORT 1988 WASHINGTON, D.C. AUTHORITIES COMMENTS TO COMMANDANT, U.S. COAST GUARD REGARDING PROPOSED COAST GUARD REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT ANNEX V. REG/LEG. STROMBERG, ERIK STATEMENT OF ERIK STROMBERG FOR THE 9-17-87 CONTROLLING AND REDUCING AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF PORT POLLUTION FROM PLASTIC AUTHORITIES BEFORE THE SENATE WASTE. WASHINGTON, DC.- SUBCOMITTEE ON ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION. REG/LEG. SULLIVAN, JOSEPH F. CURBS ON SEA POLLUTION VOTED IN 5-24-88 NEW YORK TIMES.* JERSEY. REGAEG. SWANSON, R.L. TESTIMONY BEFORE THE U.S. 9-6-88 U.S. GPO. SUBCOM1417TEE ON FISHERIES AND WILDLIFE CONSERVATION AND THE ENVIRON14ENT CONCERNING COASTAL POLLUTION. REG/LEG. U.S COAST GUARD KARPOL 73/75 ANNEX V ENFORCEMENT 5-31-89 COMMANDANT INSTRUCTION POLICIES AND PROCEDURES FOR THE 1416450.30.* PREVENTION OF POLLUTION BY GARBAGE FROM SHIPS. REG/LEG. U.S DEPARTM ENT.Of TRANSPORTATION REGULATIONS IMPLEMENTING THE 6-24-W FEDERAL REGISTER VOL.53 POLLUTION PREVENTION REQUIREMENTS OF NO.122:23884.* ANNEX V OF NARM 73/78 ADVANCE NOTICE OF PROPOSED RULE MAKING. 11-36 REG/LEG. U.S. COAST GUARD THE GULF OF MEXICO AS A SPECIAL AREA 10-2-87 LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL AND UNDER MARPOL ANNEX V. REPORT FROM CHIEF OFFICE OF MARINE SAFETY, SECURITY, AND INSPECTIONS. REGAEG. U.S. COAST GUARD MARPOL 73/78 ANNEX V GARBAGE 5-31-89 COMMANDANT INSTRUCTION RECEPTION FACILITY CERTIFICATION AND M16450.31.* ENFORCEMENT PROGRAM. REG/LEG. U.S. COAST GUARD POLLUTION-PREVENTION REQUIREMENTS OF 1-9-91 FEDERAL REGISTER, 824.- ANNEX V OF 14ARPOL 73/78. NOTICE OF PROPOSED REULEMAKING. REG/LEG. U.S. CODE ACT TO PREVENT POLLUTION FROM SHIPS, 1987 TITLE 33, SECTIONS AS AMENDED. .1901-1912.* REGAEG. U.S. CONGRESS PLASTIC POLLUTION RESEARCH AND 10-13-87 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. CONTROL ACT OF 1987. H.8572.* REG/LEG. U.S. CONGRESS RESOURCE CONSERVATION AND RECOVERY .1976 PUBLIC LAW 94-580, 90 ACT. STAT.2795. REG/LEG. U.S. CONGRESS AMENDMENTS TO COASTAL ZONE 10-26-90 SECTION 309 (a)(4).* MANAGEMENT ACT OF 1972.1 REGAEG. U.S. CONGRESS COMMITTEE ON SESSION ON THE PROBLE14 OF 8-12-86 HEARING BEFORE THE MERCHANT MARINE AND FISHERIES. NOMBIODEGRADABLE PLASTIC REFUSE IN SUBCOMMITTEE OF COAST GUARD THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT AND THE AND NAVIGATION. 99TH OPTIONS THAT EXIST FOR RESPONDING TO CONGRESS, SECOND SESSION. IT. REGAEG. U.S. DEPARTMENT OF REGULATIONS IMPLEMENTING THE 10-27-88 FEDERAL REGISTER VOL.53 TRANSPORTATION POLLUTION PREVENTION REQUIREMENTS OF NO.208:43622.* ANNEX V OF 14ARPOL 73/75 NOTICE OF PROPOSED RULEMAKING. REG/LEG. U.S. DEPARTMENT OF PREVENTION OF POLLUTION FRO14 SHIPS 9-6-89 FEDERAL REGISTER VOL.54 TRANSPORTATION NOTICE OF PROPOSED RULEMAKING. NO.171:37084.* REG/LEG. U.S. DEPARTMENT OF REGULATIONS IMPLE14ENTING THE 4-28-89 FEDERAL REGISTER VOL.54 TRANSPORTATION POLLUTION PREVENTION REQUIREMENTS OF NO.81:la3l4.* ANNEX V OF KARPoL 73/78 INTERIM RULE WITH REQUEST FOR COMMENTS. REG/LEG. U.S. DEPARTMENT OF PREVENTION OF POLLUTION FROM SHIPS, 5-2-90 FEDERAL REGISTER VOL.55 TRANSPORTATION INTERIM FINAL RULE AND REQUEST FOR MO.85:18579.* COMMENTS. .. I REG/LEG. U.S. DEPARTMENT OF PREVENTION OF POLLUTION FROM SHIPS, 7-26-90 FEDERAL REGISTER VOL.55 TRANSPORTATION EFFECTIVE DATE CHANGE. mo.l":30455.* 11-37 REG/LEG. U.S. DEPARTMENT 01 REGULATIONS IMPLEMENTING THE "I-11 FEDERAL REGISTER, 11186,* TRANSPORTATION, COAST GUARD POLLUTION-PREVENTION REQUIREMENTS OF ANNEX V OF MARPOL. REG/LEG. U.S. DEPARTMENT OF REGULATIONS IMPLEMENTING THE 10-1-90 FEDERAL REGISTER, 29967.* TRANSPORTATION, COAST GUARD POLLUTION-PREVENTION REQUIREMENTS OF ANNEX V OF MARPOL 73/78 CORRECTION. REG/LEG. U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTI ON DESIGNATION OF THE GUL F OF MEXICO AS 1-90 FOR IMOIS MARINE AGENCY A SPECIAL AREA UNDER MARPOL ANNEX V. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION C014MITTEE (29th SESSION). REG/LEG. U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS 1985 CODE OF FEDERAL REGULATIONS, AGENCY. FOR THE PLASTICS AND SYNTHETICS TITLE 40, PART 416:304-349. POINT SOURCE CATEGORY. REGILEG, U.S* ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT G U I DELI NES 1985 CODE OF FEDERAL REGULATIONS, AGENCY. FOR BEVERAGE CONTAINERS. TITLE 40, PART 244:278-283. REG/LEG. U.S. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES AMMENDMENTS TO PREVENT POLLUTION 100th CONGRESS HOUSE BILL FROM SHIPS. H.R.940 REG/LEG. U.S. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES PLASTICS POLLUTION RESEARCH AND 100th CONGRESS. HOUSE CONTROL ACT. REPORT 100-360. PART I TO ACCOMPANY H.R. 940. IEGILEG* U*S, HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES* PLASTIC POLLUTION IN THE 14ARINE HEARING, 100th CONGRESS lst COMMITTEE ON MERCHANT MARINE & ENVIRONMENT. 6-17,7-23- SESSION. U.S. GPID SERIAL FISHERIES 87 100-26. REG/LEG. U.S. SENATE PLASTICS POLLUTION CONTROL ACT OF 100th CONGRESS. SENATE BILL iga7. s.633. REG/LEG. U.S. SENATE 100TH CONGRESS REGULATIONS FOR THE PREVENTION OF 11-5-87 TREATY DOCUMENT 100-3. POLLUTION BY GARBAGE FRO14 SHIPS CONGRESSIONAL RECORD (ANNEX V OF NARPOL 73/78). S.15845.* REG/LEG. U.S. SENATE 100TH CONGRESS NARPOL CONVENTION ANNEX V. SENATE EXECUTIVE REPORT loo-a. REG/LEG. U.S. SENATE, COMITTEE ON THE HEARINGS ON BILLS TO STUDY AND 9-7-87 100th CONGRESS. ENVIRONMENT AND PUBLIC WORKS. CONTROL DISPOSAL OF PLASTIC WASTE AN IMPLE14ENT ANNEX V TO MARPOL. REG/LEG. U.S. SENATE. COMITTIE ON PLASTIC POLLUTION IN THE MARINE 7-29-a7 HEARING 100th CONGRESS lst COMMERCE, SCIENCE, AND ENVIRONMENT. SESSION. U.S. GPO SERIAL TRANSPORTATION. 100-294. REG/LEG. U.S. SENATE. COMITTEE ON CONTROLLING AND REDUCING POLLUTION HEARING 100th CONGRESS Ist ENVIRONMENT AND PUBLIC WORKS FRO14 PLASTIC WASTES. 6-1,7-7,9- SESSION. 0100-322.- 17-87 11-38 A@A _41- REGAEG. WEISSKOPF, MICHAEL SENATE RATIFIES PARTIAL SAW ON 11-6-87 WASHIWGTON POST ARTICLE.* DUMPING PLASTIC IN OCEAN. REGAEG. WILLEN, MARK FISHING-PACT EXTENSION INCLUDES BAN 12-26-87 CONGRESSIONAL QUARTERLY ON PLASTIC DUMPING AT SEA. p3212.* REG/LEG. WYPYSZINSKI, ALEX POLICING POLLUTION 1989 NEW JERSEY SHORELIWE, VOL.2 NO.3 NJ SEA GRANT MARINE ADVISORY SERVICE.* 11-39 USA= MARINE DEBRIS BIBLIOGRAPHY BY AUTHOR PART MARINE DEBRIS BIBLIOGRAPHY BY AUTHOR NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION OFFICE OF OCEAN AND COASTAL,RESOURCE MANAGEMENT AUTHOR TITLE DATE COMMENTS AD HOC ADVISORY COMMITTEE ON REDUCING NAVY MARINE PLASTIC POLLUTION. 6-28-88 REPORT TO ASST. SEC. OF THE NAVY PLASTICS FOR SHIPBUILDING AND LOGISTICS.* ADLER, J. et at. OUR BEFOULED BEACHES. 7-27-87 NEWSWEEK. AINLEY, D.G. et at. MORTALITY OF SEABIRDS IN HIGH-SEAS SALMON 1981 FISH. BULLETIN, U.S. 79:800-806. GILL NETS. ALASKA SEA GRANT COLLEGE PROGRAM MARINE DEBRIS... IN ALASKA? YES111 1990 PACKET OF INFORMATION.* INFORMATION FOR EDUCATORS ABOUT ALASKA'S MARINE DEBRIS PROBLEM. ALASKA SEA GRANT COLLEGE OCEANS OF PLASTIC: A WORKSHOP ON FISHERIES 12-88 REPORT NO. ag-7.* PROGRAM. GENERATED MARINE DEBRIS AND DERELICT FISHING GEAR. ALBERT, J.L. INFECTUC)US-WASTE FIGHT IS LEFT IN LAP OF 8-iS-88 USA TODAY. STATES. ALVERSON, DAYTON L, ICHAIRMANI 'RIPORT OF THE "KING GROUP ON MARINE DEBRIS, 1985 IN SHOMURAIS PROCEEDINGS OF THE WORKSHM ON THE FATE AND IMPACT OF MARINE DEBRIS, p527.- AMOS, A. SURVEY AND FINDINGS OF &EACH DEBRIS ON 1988 IN PROC. Sth ANNUAL GULF OF MUSTANG BEACH, TEXAS. MEXICO INFOR14ATION TRANSFER MEETING. MRS/OCS.* ANDERSON, R. CONFERENCE DRAWS GAMEPLAN TO DEAL WITH 1988 NATIONAL FISHERMAN 68:20-21. PLASTIC DEPRIS. ANDRADY, A.L. EXPERIMENTAL DEMONSTRATION OF CONTROLLED 1988 NOAAjNMFS SEATTLE, WA. PHOTODEGRADATION OF RELEVANT PLASTIC COMPOSITIONS UNDER 14ARINE ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS. ANDRADY, A.L. THE USE OF ENHANCED DEGRADABLE PLASTICS FOR 1988 IN ALVERSON AND JUNE (eds.) CONTROL OF PLASTIC DEBRIS IN THE MARINE PROC. NORTH PACIFIC RIM ENVIRONMENT. FISHERMAN'S CONFERENCE ON MARINE DEBRIS.* ANDRADY, A.L. THE USE OF ENHANCED DEGRADABLE PLASTICS FOR 1988 IN JUNE AND ALVERSON (eds.) CONTROL OF PLASTIC DEBRIS IN THE MARINE PROC. NORTH PACIFIC RIM ENVIRONMENT. FISHERMAN'S CONFERENCE ON MARINE DEBRIS.* ANDRADY, ANTHONY L. PRESENTATION ON PLASTIC WASTE REDUCTION IN 9-17-87 CONTROLLING AND REDUCING THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT FOR THE SENATE POLLUTION FRO14 PLASTIC WASTE. SUBCOMMITTEE ON ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION. WASHINGTON, DC.* ANIMALS INTERNATIONAL MARINE LITTER - THE LETHAL ISSUE. SPRING 90 ANIMALS INTERNATIONAL, VOL. X/32:8-10.* AP JAPAN, U.S. AGREE ON DRIFTNET PACT. 12-13-89 THE OREGONIAN.* ARNOLD, R. MAPPING BOTTOM DEBRIS SAVES FISHING GEAR FROM 1983 SEA GRANT TODAY 6:16-19. COSTLY HAZARDS. ARTHUR D. LITTLE, INC. INCENTIVES FOR RECYCLING AND REUSE OF 1973 U.S. EPA. PLASTICS: A SUMMARY REPORT. AUGEROT, X. PLASTICS IN THE OCEAN: WHAT ARE WE DOING TO 1988 WASHINGTON SEA GRANT MARINE CLEAN IT UP? ADVISORY SERVICE.* AUSTIN, N.M. & P.M. STOOP-GLAS THE DISTRIBUTION OF POILYSTRENE SPHERES AND 1977 CHESAPEAKE SCI. 18(l):89-92. NIBS IN BLOCK ISLAND SOUND DURING 1972-1973. AZZARELLO, M.Y. AND E.S VAN MARINE BIRDS AND PLASTIC POLLUTION. 1987 MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES FLEET 37:295. BALAZS, GEORGE H. IMPACT OF OCEAN DEBRIS ON MARINE TURTLES: 1985 IN SHOMURAIS PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTANGLEMENT AND INGESTION. WORKSHOP ON THE FATE AND IMPACT. OF MARINE DEBRIS, p387.* BALTZ, D.M., & G.V. MORJOHN EVIDENCE FROM SEABIRDS Of PLASTIC PARTICLE 1986 WESTERN BIRDS, VOL.7:111-112. POLLUTION OFF CENTRAL CALIFORNIA. BARRON, JAMES MEDICAL WASTE KEEPS 3 NEW YORK BEACHES SHUT. 7-19-88 NEW YORK TIMES.* BATTELLE STUDY OF FLOATABLE DEBRIS IN U.S. HARBORS. 9-90 FOR U.S. EPA WASHINGTON, DC.- SAUER, D. PLASTIC POLLUTION: A PERSISTENT PROBLEM 1986 NEWSLETTER OF THE UNIVERSITY OF "AWAI I SEA GRAXT COLLEGE PROGRAM uMAKAIN VOL.8.* SAUER, DANIEL PLASTICS DEADLY TO HAWAIIAN SEABIRDS. 9-87 14AKAI VOL.9 NO.9, U. OF HAWAII SEA GRANT COLLEGE PROGRAM.* 111-2 BAYLISS, RANDOLPH AND C. DEMING FINAL REPORT ON THE IMPACT OF MARPOL ANNEX V 10-89 NOAA/NMFS.* COWLES UPON@SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL FACILITIES OF COASTAL ALASKAN COMMUNITIES. BEACH MAINTAINANCE DIVISION TRASH STATISTICS: CALENDAR YEAR 1988. 1988 CITY OF SANTA MONICA. BEACH, R.J., T. NEWSY, R. ENTANGLEMENT OF AN ALEUTIAN REINDEER.,IN A 1976 MURRELET 57:66. LARSON, M. PEDERSEN, & J. JURIS JAPANESE FISH MET. BEAN, M.J. UNITED STATES AND INTERNATIONAL AUTHORITIES 1987 A REPORT TO THE MARINE MAMMALS APPLICABLE TO ENTANGLEMENT OFMARINE MAMMALS COMMISSION.* AND OTHER ORGANISMS IN LOST OR DISCARDED FISHING GEAR AND OTHER DEBRIS. BEAN, MICHAEL J. LEGAL STRATEGIES FOR REDUCING PERSISTENT 1987 MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN VOL. PLASTICS IN THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT. 18 NO.6b:357-360.* BELL, T.M., J.R. SCHUBEL & R-.L.. FLOATABLE WASTES AND THE REGION'S BEACHES: 1989 MARINE SCIENCE RESEARCH CENTER, SWANSON (eds.), ANSWERS TO SOME COMMON QUESTIONS. SUNY STONY BROOK, REPORT 85, REF. 89-3.* BENET, L. RESEARCHER FEARS TURTLES EATING VINYL REEFS 5-22-84 THE MIAMI HERALD, TC:l. WILL DIE. BERGER, J.D. & C.E. ARMISTEAD DISCARDED NET MATERIALS IN ALASKAN WATERS, 1987 NOAA/NMFS. 1982-1984. BERGER, J.D. AND C.E. ARMISTEAD DISCARDED NET MATERIAL IN ALASKAN WATERS, 1987 NOAA/NMlFS NWAFC. 1982-84. BERQUIST, J., W. GIESEL, & D. TUNA AND PLASTICS. 1990 UNDERWATER NATURALIST. VOL.19, RUDMAN NO.3:18-19.* BLUMENTHAL, RALPH WASTE DUMPING IS SUSPECTED BUT NO SINGLE 7-25-88 NEW YORK TIMES.* 'SMOKING GUN..' BOURNE, W.R.P. OIL AND GARBAGE IN THE GULF. 1989 MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 20(2)i9O. BOURNE, W.R.P. NYLON NETTING AS A HAZARD TO BIRDS. 1977 KARINE'POLLUTION BULLETIN, 8(4):75-76. BOURNE, W.R.P., & M.J. IMBER PLASTIC PELLETS COLLECTED BY A PRIO N ON GOUGH MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN, ISLAND, CENTRAL SOUTH ATLANTIC OCEAN. 13:20. BOURNE, W.R.P., AND G.C. CLARK@ THE OCCURRENCE OF BIRDS AND GARBAGE AT THE 1984 MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN, HUMBOLDT FRONT OFF VALPARAISO, CHILE. 15:343-344. BOWKER, MICHAEL CAUGHT IN A PLASTIC TRAP. 5/6-86 INTERNATIONAL WILDLIFE p22.* BRILLAT, TOM MARPOL ANNEX V: NOW IT CAN AFFECT YOU. 1988 RHODE ISLAND SEA GRANT REPORT.* 111-3 BRILLAT, TOM MARINE PLASTIC POLLUTION AND MAR POL ANNEX V. 198 9 R.I. SEA GRANT REPORT.* BROWN, B. & J. NEFF (eds.) PROCEEDINGS: NATIONAL MARINE POLLUTION 1988 U.S. NATIONAL POLLUTION PROGRAM PROBLEMS AND NEEDS WORKSHOP. OFFICE, ROCKVILLE, MD. BROWN, WILLIAM Y. STATEMENT OF WILLIAM Y. BROWN, DIRECTOR OF 9-17-87 CONTROLLING AND REDUCING GOVERNMENTAL AFFAIRS, WASTE MANAGEMENT POLLUTION FROM PLASTIC WASTE. INCORPORATED BEFORE THE SENATE SUBCOMMITTEE WASHINGTON, DC.* ON ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION. BULLOCH, DAVID K. THE WASTED OCEAN. 1989 LYONS AND BURFORD, NY, NY. BUNN, ALLEN R. NOAAIS MARINE ENTANGLEMENT RESEARCH PROGRAM: 12-87 IN PROC. 8th ANNUAL GULF OF GOALS, PRODUCTS, INFORMATION, AND PLANS. MEXICO INFORMATION TRANSFER MEETING, MMS/OCS.- BUSINESS WEEK TROUBLED WATERS. 10-12-87 BUSINESS WEEK:88-104. BUTTERFIELD, FOX TO SWIM OR NOT TO SWIM AS NEEDLES WASH 7-8-88 NEW YORK TIMES.* ASHORE.. BUXTON, R. PLASTIC DEBRIS AND LOST AND ABANDONED FISHING 1989 GEAR IN THE AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT. A BACKGROUND PAPER FROM A CANADIAN PERSPECTIVE FOR A WORKSHOP TO BE HELD IN HALIFAX, 14AY 1989. CALIFORNIA COASTAL COMMISSION "ADOPT-A-BEACHN SCHOOL EDUCATION PROGRAM. 1989 THE OCEANIC SOCIETY, SAN FRANCISCO BAY CHAPTER.* CALKINS, DONALD G. STELLAR SEA LION ENTANGLEMENT IN MARINE 1985 IN SHOMURA'S PROCEEDINGS OF THE DEBRIS. WORKSHOP ON THE FATE AND IMPACT* OF MARINE DEBRIS, p3O8.* CANTIN, J.,J. EYRAUD,- & C. QUANTITATIVE ESTIMATES OF GARBAGE GENERATION IN PREP. SECOND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE FENTON. AND DISPOSAL IN THE U.S. MARITIME SECTORS ON MARINE DEBRIS. HONOLULU,-HI. BEFORE AND AFTER MARPOL ANNEX V. CAPLIZZO, JUDITH McDOWELL, EFFECTS OF WASTES ON THE OCEAN: THE COASTAL SUMMER OCEANUS VOL.33 NO.2.* EXAMPLE. 1990 CARPENTER, E.J. AND K.L. SMITH, PLASTICS ON THE SARGASSO SEA SURFACE. 1972 SCIENCE, 175:1240-1241. JR. CARPENTER, E.J. ET AL. POLYSTRENE SPHERULES IN COASTAL WATERS. 1972 SCIENCE, 178:749-750 CARR, A. RIPS, FADS, AND LITTLE LOGGERHEADS. 1986 BIOSCIENCE, 36:92-100. CARR, A. THE IMPAC T OF PERSISTENT PLASTICS ON THE 1987 MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN, VOL. DEVELOPMENTAL ECOLOGY OF SEA TURTLES. 18 NO.6b:352-356.* CASPE, R.L. TRANSCRIPT OF TESTIMONY ON THE POLLUTION OF 7-87 FOR ENVIRONMENT AND PUBLIC WORKS COASTAL WATERS BY FLOATAIILE MATERIALS, COMMITTEE, SUBCOM17TEE ON SPiCIFICALLY PLASTICS. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION. 111-4 CASPE, RICHARD L. TESTIMONY OF RICHARD L. CASPE, DIRECTOR WATER 7-7-87 CONTROLLING AND REDUCING MANAGEMENT DIVISION, U.S. EPA, REGION 11 POLLUTION FROM PLASTIC WASTE, BEFORE THE SENATE SUBCOMMITTEE ON ASBURY PARK, NJ.- ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION. CAVALIERE, LOUIS A. TRASH MANAGEMENT AT SEA 198a UNPUBLISHED PAPER GIVEN AT THE CONFERENCE OF INTERNATIONAL SHIP SUPPLIERS ASSOCIATION.* CAWTHORN, M.W. ENTANGLEMENT IN, AND INGESTION OF, PLASTIC 1985 IN SHOMURAIS PROCEEDINGS OF THE LITTER -BY 14ARINE MAMMALS, SHARKS, AND TURTLES WORKSHOP ON THE FATE AND 114PACT IN NEW ZEALAND WATERS. OF MARINE DEBRIS, p336.- CENTAUR ASSOC..& CEE ISSUE REPORT AND WORKPLAN FOR THE DEVELOPMENT 12-31-86 FOR NOAA/NMFS NO. OF A MARINE DMIS EDUCATION PROGRAM FOR THE 50-AgNF-6-00192.* NORTHWESTERN ATLANTIC AND GULF OF MEXICO. CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL USE AND DISPOSAL OF NONSIODEGRADABLE PLASTICS 1956 FOR U.S. EPA. EDUCATION IN THE MARINE AND GREAT LAKES ENVIRONMENTS. CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MARINE WILDLIFE ENTANGLEMENT IN NORTH 11-86 EDUCATION AMERICA.- CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL A CITIZENS GUIDE TO PLASTICS IN THE OCEAN: 1988 EXCELLENT SUMMARY OF GENERAL* EDUCATION* 14ORE THAN A LITTER PROBLEM. ISSUES FOR THE LAYMAN.* CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL TEXAS COASTAL CLEANUP REPORT. 1988 EDUCATION. CENTER FOR MARINE CONSERVATION TRASH ON AMERICA'S BEACHES: A NATIONAL 7-89 ASSESSMENT. CENTER FOR MARINE CONSERVATION COASTAL CONNECTION SUMMER C14C NEWSLETTER ON MARINE DEBRIS 1990 CLEANUP EFFORTS.* CENTER FOR MARINE CONSERVATION NATIONAL MARINE DEBRIS DATABASE: FINAL 7-17-90 FOR NW/Nl4FS-14ERP.* REPORT. CENTER FOR MARINE CONSERVATION DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF-EDUCATION 4-90 NMFS SALTONSALUKENNEDY PROGRAM, AND KEARNEY/CENTAUR DIVISION TECHNIQUES TO ELIMINATE AT SEA DISPOSAL OF SEATTLE, WA.- PLASTICS. CENTER FOR MARINE CONSERVATION. ATLANTIC COAST/GULF OF 14EXICO AMD PACIFIC 1989 REPORT TO THE MARINE COAST (ANNUAL REPORT FOR THE PERIOD OCTOBER ENTANGLEMENT RESEARCH PROGRAM.* 1, 1988-SEPTEMER 30, 1989). CENTER FOR PLASTICS RECYCLING TECHNICAL REPORTS 01 THROUGH 039. 6-30-89 BIBLIOGRAPHY OF PLASTICS RESEARCH RECYCLING AND iECLAMATION REPORTS AND PAPERS, RUTGERS, NJ.* CHAMBERLAIN, T. OHOSTBUSTER HAUNTED BY GILLNET THREAT. 9-9-84 8 OST ON GLOBE. CHAPMAN, DOUGLAS G. (CHAIRMAN) REPORT OF THE WORKING GROUP ON IMPACTS OF 1985 IN SHOMURAIS PROCEEDINGS OF THE. DEBRIS ON RESOURCES. WORKSHOP ON THE FATE AND IMPACT OF MARINE DEBRIS, p531.* CHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING NEWS SOLID WASTE CONCERNS SPUR PLASTI,C RECYCLING. 1-30-89 CLEAN OCEAN ACTION. CLEAN OCEAN ACTION ANNUAL GUIDE: 1990-1991. UNDATED NEW JERSEY SPECIFIC MARINE POLLUTION BOOKLET.* COE, J. AND ALAN R. BUNN DESCRIPTION AND STATUS OF TASKS IN NOAAIS 7-87 NOAA/NMFS SEATTLE, WA.* MARINE ENTANGLEMENT RESEARCH PROGRAM FOR FYs 1985-1987. COE, J.m. DERELICT FISHING GEAR: DISASTER OR NUISANCE? 1986 MASTERS THESIS. INSTITUTE OF MARINE STUDIES, UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON. SEATTLE, WA. COE, J.". MANUAL FOR MONITORING PLASTIC/MANMADE DEBRIS IN PRESS DRAFT REPORT FOR IOC MARINE ON BEACHES AND AT SEA. POLLUTION MONITORING UNIT, UNESCO, PARIS. COLE, ANDREW C. et at. ANNUAL REPORT OF THE NATIONAL PARK MARINE 9-90 U.S. DOUNPS TECHNICAL REPORT DEBRIS MONITORING PROGRAM:1989 MARINE DEBRIS' #NPS/NRWV/NRTR-90/04.* SURVEY. COLEMAN, F.C. & D.H. WENLE CAUGHT BY ACCIDENT: THE FISHERMAN'S UNWANTED 1983 OCEANS:65-69. HARVEST. COLEMAN, F.C. AND D.M. WEHLE PLASTIC POLLUTION: A WORLDWIDE PROBLEM. 1984 PARKS, 9:9-12. COLTON, H.S. JR PLASTICS IN THE OCEAN. 1974 OCEANUS, 18:61-64. COLTON, J.S., KNAPP, F.D., AND PLASTIC PARTICLES IN SURFACE WATERS OF THE 1974 SCIENCE, 185:491-497 S.R. BURNS NORTHWESTERN ATLANTIC. CONANT, S. MAN-MADE DEBRIS AND MARINE WILDLIFE IN THE 1984 'ELEPAIO, "(9). NORTHWESTERN HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. CONGRESSIONAL QUARTERLY HOUSE PANEL APPROVE BILLS TO RAN SEA DISPOSAL 1987 P.2248. OF PLASTICS. CONGRESSIONAL QUARTERLY SPECIES, PLASTICS UP IN SENATE. 10-19-87 WEEKLY BULLETIN. CONGRESSIONAL QUARTERLY PLASTICS POLLUTION RESEARCH AND CONTROL 10-17-87 WEEKLY BULLETIN.* ACT-MR 940. CONNER, D.K.& R. OIDELL THE TIGHTENIING MET OF WINE PLASTICS 1988 ENVIRONWNT, 30(l):16-200 POLLUTION. 33-36.* CONNORS, P.G. AND G. SMITH OCEANIC PLASTIC PARTICLE POLLUTION: SUSPECTED 1982 MARfNE POLLUTION BULLETIN, EFFECT ON FAT DEPOSITION IN RED PHALAROPES. 13:18-20. 111-6 CONOSCENTI, THOMAS FLOATABLE WASTE IN 1988 AND ITS IMPACT ON THE 3-21-89 PRESENTED AT CONFERENCE ON LONG ISLAND TOURIST INDUSTRY. FLOATABLE WASTES IN THE OCEAN: SOCIAL, ECONOMIC, AND PUBLIC HEALTH IMPLICATIONS, SUNY STONY BROOK, MY. COOPER, R., A. CARR A. HULBERT MANNED SUBMERS18LE AND ROV ASSESSMENT OF 1988 NOAA/NMFS AND MASS. DMF. GHOST GILLNETS ON JEFFRIES AND STELLWAGEN BANKS, GULF OF MAINE. CORBETT, CHARLES R. STATEMENT OF CAPTAIN CHARLES R. CORBETT, U.S. 9-1 7-87 CONTROLLING AND REDUCING COAST GUARD BEFORE THE SENATE-SUBCOMMITTEE ON POLLUTION FROM PLASTIC WASTE. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION. WASHINGTON, DC.* CORRADO, ERNEST J. STATEMENT OF ERNEST J. CORRADO, PRESIDENT, 9-17-90 CONTROLLING AND REDUCING AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF MERCHANT SHIPPING POLLUTION FROM PLASTIC WASTE. BEFORE THE SENATE SUBC014MITTEE ON WASHINGTON, DC.- ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION. COTTINGHAM, DAVID PERSISTENT MARINE DEBRIS: CHALLENGE AND 1988 NOAA, OFFICE OF THE CHIEF RESPONSE: THE FEDERAL PERSPECTIVE. SCIENTIST. EXCELLENT OVERVIEW.* COTTINGHAM, DAVID PERSISTENT MARINE DEBRIS. FALL 1989 NOAAIS MARINER'S WEATHER LOG VOL.33 NO.4:12.* COXE, TRUDY TESTIMONY BEFORE THE SENATE SUBCOMMITTEE ON 6-1-87 EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR, SAVE THE ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, CONTROLLING AND BAY. NARRAGANSETT, RI.- REDUCING POLLUTION FROM PLASTIC WASTE. CRAWFORD, M. THEREsS (PLASTIC) GOLD IN THEM THAR 1988 SCIENCE. 241:411-412. LANDFILLS. CUNDELL, A.M. PLASTIC MATERIALS ACCUMULATING IN 1973 MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN, NARRAGANSETT SAY. 4:187-188. CURLEE, T.R. PLASTIC RECYCLING: ECONOMIC AND INSTITUTIONAL 1986 CONSERVATION AND RECYCLING ISSUES. 9:335-350. CURLEE, T.R. THE ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY OF RECYCLING: A CASE 1986 NEW YORK, MY: PRAEGER. STUDY OF PLASTIC WASTES. DAHLBERG, MICHAEL L. 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WORKSHOP ON THE FATE AND IMPACT OF MARINE DEBRIS, p344-386.- DEFENDERS SENATE APPROVES PLASTIC TREATY. 1/2-88 FRONTLINES SECTION p6.- DEGANGE, A.R. & T.C. NEWBY MORTALITY OF SEABIRDS AND FISH IN A LOST 1980 MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN SALMON DRIFTNET. 11:322-323. DIBENEDETTO,-WILLIAM NAVY UNWRAPS PLANS TO CONFORM WITH RULES 7-1-88 THE JOURNAL OF COMMERCE.* ENDING PLASTIC DUMPING. DICKERMAN, R.W., AND R.G. GOELET NORTHERN GANNET STARVATION AFTER SWALLOWING 1987 MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN STYROFOAM1. 18:293. DIXON, T.R. SHORELINE REFUSE. 1978 14ARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 9:145. DIXON, T.R. & T.J. DIXON MARINE LITTER SURVEILLANCE. 1981 MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN, 12(9):289-295. DIXON, T.R. & T.J. DIXON MARINE LITTER DISTRIBUTION AND COMPOSITION IN 1983 MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN, THE NORTH SEA. 14:145-148. DIXON, T.R., & A.J. COOKE DISCARDED CONTAINERS ON A KENT BEACH. 1977 MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN, 8:105-109. DOHERTY, LINDA PILOT PROJECT TO ENCOURAGE PROPER HANDLING 9-5-90 SUBMITTED TO THE ENVIRONMENTAL AND RECYCLING OF MARINE DEBRIS AT A SERIES OF KANAGE14ENT FOR MARINAS SMALL PORTS IN NEW JERSEY. INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE, WASHINGTON, OC.- DOUGLAS, JAMES E. JR. TESTIMONY OF JANES E. DOUGLAS, JR. ACTING 9-17-87 CONTROLLING AND REDUCING DEPUTY ASSISTANT ADMINISTRATOR FOR FISHERIES POLLUTION FROM PLASTIC WASTE, BEFOR SENATE SUBCOMMITTEE ON ENVIRONMENTAL WASHINGTON, DC.- PROTECTION. DOYLE, BRIAN, AND ROLAND BARNABY REDUCING MARINE DEBRIS: A MODEL PROGRA14 FOR 1990 SEA GRANT COLLEGE PROGRAM. U. OF MARINAS. NEW HAMPSHIRE.* DUEDALL, IVER W. A BRIEF HISYORY OF OCEAN DISPOSAL. SUMMER OCEANUS VOL.33 MO.2.* 1990 DUERR, C. PLASTIC IS FOREVER: OUR NONDEGRADABLE 1980 OCEAN$, 13:59-60. TREASURE. DUNAWAY, MARJORIE TOGIAK PILOT PROJECT GARBAGE PICK UP SERVICE. 7-90 U. Of ALASKA MARINE ADVISORY PROGRAM ard SW ALASKA MUNICIPAL CONFERENCE. PICKUP FROM SEINtRS AND GILLNETTERS ON FISHING GROUNDS.* EARTHTRUST STRIP141MING THE SEAS: THE RISE OF 1989 EDUCATIONAL VIDEO ON DRIFTNETTING IN THE PACIFIC OCEAN. DRIFTNETTING, EARTHTRUST, HONOLULU, Hl.* EASTERN RESEARCH GROUP, INC. AN ECONOMIC EVALUATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL 12-88 FOR U.S. COAST GUARD.* ASSESSMENT OF REGULATIONS IMPLEMENTING ANNEX V TO MARPOL 73/78. EAS'TERH RESEARCH GROUP, INC. DEVELOPMENT OF ESTIMATES OF GARBAGE DI SPOSAL 3-3-89 FOR TRANSPORTATIONS SYSTE14S IN THE MARITIME SECTORS. CENTER, RESEARCH AND SPECIAL PROGRAMS ADMINISTRATION, U.S. DEPARTMENT OF.TRANSPORTATION.* EATON, P.B. PERSISTENT LITTER. 1984 IN R. WILSON AND R. ADDISON (eds.) THE HEALTH OF THE NORTHWEST ATLANTIC, A REPORT TO THE INTERDEPARTMENTAL COMMITTEE ON ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES. ENVIRONMENT CANADA, DEPT. OF FISHERIES AND OCEANS. EISENBUID, ROBERT THE PELAGIC DRIFTNET. WINTER OCEANUS, p.76.* 84/85 EVANS, W.E. POTENTIAL HAZARDS OF NOW-DEGRADABLE MATERIALS 1971 PROC., NAVAL UNDERWATER CENTER AS AN ENVIRON14ENTAL POLLUTANT. SYMPOSIUM ON ENVIRONMENTAL PRESERVATION, SAN DIEGO, CA. MAY 26-21, 1970. FEDER, H.M., S.C. JEWETT, & J.R. MAN-MADE DEBRIS ON THE BERINGISEA FLOOR. 1978 MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN, HILSINGER 9:52-53. FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY DEGREE AND EFFECTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION 3-86 SUBMITTED AT THE 13th MEETING OF OF THE GERMAN SIGHT AND ITS COASTS CAUSED BY THE STANDING ADVISORY COMMITTEE SYNTHETIC MATERIAL AND OTHER LITTER DISCARDED FOR SCIENTIFIC ADVICE, By SNIPS. AMSTERDAM. FELDKAMP, S.D. EFFECT OF MET ENTANGLEMENT ON THE DRAG AND 1983 NOAA CONTRACT #MSC-02743. POWER OUTPUT OF SWIMMING SEA LIONS. FISHING NEWS INTERNATIONAL TOO HMO PLASTIC IN THE SEA. 8-86 FLIMLIN, GEF DISPOSING COMMERCIAL GEAR. 1989 NEW JERSEY SHORELINE, VOL.2 90.3 WINTER/SPRING.* I FLORIDA DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL SUMMARY OF 14ANATEE DEATHS - 1985. 1985 BURENJ Of MARINE RESEARCH, ST. ESOURCES PETERSBURG, FL. 111-9 FOWLER, C.W. A REVIEW OF SEAL AND SEA LION ENTANGLEMENT IN 1988 IN ALVERSON AND JUNE (eds.) MARINE FISHING DEBRIS. PROC. WORTH PACIFIC RIM FISHERMAN'S CONFERENCE ON MARINE DEBRIS.- FOWLER, CHARLES W. MARINE DEBRIS AND NORTHERN FUR SEALS: A CASE 1987 MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN, STUDY. VOL.18 NO.6b:326.* FOWLER, CHARLES, AND NORIHISA ENTANGLEMENT STUDIES, ST. PAUL ISLAND, 1990 1-91 NOAA/NMFS AFSC PROCESSED REPORT BABA JUVENILE MALE NORTHERN FUR SEALS 91-01.* FOWLER, CHARLES, W. AN EVALUATION OF THE ROLE OF ENTANGLEMENT IN 1985 IN SHOMURAIS PROCEEDINGS OF THE THE POPULATION DYNAMICS OF NORTHERN FUR SEALS WORKSHOP ON THE IMPACT AND FATE ON THE PRIBILOF ISLANDS. OF MARINE DEBRIS, p291.* FOWLER, D.W. & T.R. MER RELL VICTIMS OF PLASTIC TECHNOLOGY. 1986 ALASKA FISH AND GAME MAGAZINE, 18:34-37. FRANCIS, DAVID R. SAVING WHALES AND FISHING NETS IN 1989 NATIONAL FISHER14AN VOL.69 NEWFOUNDLAND. NO.13:108.* FRANKLIN ASSOCIATES CHARACTERIZAT16N OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE IN 6-90 FOR U.S. EPA #68-01-7310. THE UNITED STATES, 1960-2000 (UPDATE 1990). PRAIRIE VILLAGE, KANSAS S25.00 FREEMAN, K. WE'RE CHOKING THE OCEANS WITH PLASTICS. 1987 NATIONAL FISHERMAN p67. FREEMAN, LEWIS R. JR. STATEMENT OF MR. LEWIS FREEMAN, VICE 9-17-87 CONTROLLING AND REDUCING PRESIDENT, GOVERNMENT AFFAIRS OF THE SOCIETY POLLUTION FROM PLASTIC WASTE. OF THE PLASTICS INDUSTRY BEFORE THE SENATE WASHINGTON, DC.* SUBCOMMITTEE ON ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION. FRY, M.D., S.I. FEFER, & L. INGESTION OF PLASTIC DEBRIS BY LAYSAM 1987 14ARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN SILEO ALBATROSSES AND WEDGE-TAILED SHEARWATERS IN 18:339-343. THE HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. FULLILOVE, JIM SAGGING PLASTICS AND TOXIC PAINT. 11-87 NATIONAL FISHERMAN.* FURNESS, R.W. INGESTION OF PLASTIC PARTICLES BY SEABIRDS AT 1985 ENVIROW14ENTAL POLLUTION (SERIES GOUGH ISLAND, SOUTH ATLANTIC OCEAN. Ai 38:261-272. FURNESS, R.W. PLASTIC PARTICLE POLLUTION: ACCUMULATION BY 1985 MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN, PROCELLARIIFORI4 SEABIRDS AT SCOTTISH 16:103-106. COLONIES. FURNESS, R.W. PLASTIC PARICLES IN THREE PROCELLAR11FORN im MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN, SEABIRDS FROM THE BENGUELA CURRENT, SOUTH 14:307-308. AFRICA. GERRODETTE, T., B.K. CHOY.& L.M. AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF DERELICT GILL NETS 1987 WM/MMFS-SWFC KIRUKI IN THE CENTRAL PACIFIC OCEAN. GILL, SEAN E. AND TODD M. OLSON STUDY OF PLASTIC WASTE MANAGEMENT ABOARD uss 4-90 DAVID TAYLOR RESEARCH CENTER, i BETHESDA, MD.* DOYLE (FFG 39). III-10 GLADWELL, MALCOLM PLASTICS MANUFACTURERS SPEED THE SEARCH FOR 5-2-89 WASHINGTON POST El.* NEW WAYS TO RECYCLE DISPOSABLE PRODUCTS. GOCHFELD, M. RISK OF ACOUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY,SYNDROME 5-88 APPENDIX 3 TO NJ THE STATE OF (A.I.D.S.) OR H.I.V. INFECTION FROM EXPOSURE THE OCEAN.* TO NEEDLESTICK AT THE NEW JERSEY SHORE. GOCHFELD, M. EFFECT OF ARTIFACT POLLUTION ON THE VIABILITY 1973 ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION, 4:1-6. OF SEABIRD COLONIES ON LONG ISLAND, NEW YORK. GOLD, ALAN R. LONG ISLAND SOUND IS SO POLLUTED IT FACES 7-6-90 NEW YORK TIMES.* LONG-TERM DAMAGE, SCIENTISTS SAY. GOLD,.ALAN R. BEACH-CLEANING ARMIES AWAIT THE DEBRIS OF 5-27-90 NEW YORK TIMES.* SUMMER. GOODING, R.M., & MAGNUSON, J.J. ECOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF A DRIFTING OBJECT 1967 PACIFIC SCI. 21:486-497. TO PELAGIC FISHES. GOSLINER, MICHAEL LEGAL AUTHORITIES PERTINENT TO ENTANGLEMENT 1985 IN SHOMURAIS PROCEEDINGS OF THE BY MARINE DEBRIS. WORKSHOP ON THE FATE AND IMPACT OF MARINE DEBRIS.* GRAF, G. THE LOOMING CRISIS IN PLASTIC WASTE DISPOSA L. 1988 ISSUES IN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Plos. GRAMENTZ, P. INVO LVEMENT OF LOGGERHEAD TURTLE WITH THE 1988 MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN PLASTIC, METAL, AND HYDROCARBON POLLUTION IN 19:11-13 THE CENTRAL MEDITERRANEAN. GRECO, JAMES R. STATEMENT OF BROWING-FERRIS INDUSTRIES 9-17-87 CONTROLLING AND REDUCING BEFORE THE SENATE SUBCOMMITTEE ON POLLUTIOW FROM PLASTIC WASTE. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION. WASHINGTON, DC.* GREGORY, M.R. PLASTIC PELLETS ON NEW ZEALAND BEACHES. 1977 MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN, 8:82-84. GREGORY, M.R. VIRGIN PLASTIC GRANULES ON SOW BEACHES OF 1983 MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH, EASTERN CANADA AN BERMUDA. 10:73-83. GROSS, JANE BEACH DEBRIS STILL A MYSTERY 7-12-88 NEW YORK TIMES.* UNCERTAIN BATHERS STAY AWAY. GUTHRIE, DAN @SEA GRANT NETWORK TANGLES WITH CASTOFF FALL 1 988 OCEAM.* PLASTIC DEBRIS. GUTIS, PHILIP S. FEARS ON THE BEACHES: WHAT WASTE MAY MEAN. 7-11-88 NEW YORK TIMES.* GUTIS, PHILIP S. CLOSED BEACHES AND WANDERING BARGE: TWO .7-13-88 NEW YORK TIMES.* CHAPTER$ IN THE SAME STORY.. GUTISj PHILIP S. SEPARATING FACTS FROM HYPERBOLE IN REPORTS OF 7-9-88 NEW YORK TIMES.* HOSPITAL WASTE ON L.I. GUTIS, PHILIP S. 2D WAVE OF DEBRIS WASHES ASHORE ON 10-MILE 7-8-88, NEW YORK TIMES.* STRETCH OF L.I. BEACHES. HALLIDAY, JAN OREGON PORT LEADS THE WAY CLEANING UP MARINE 6-88 NATIONAL FISHERMAN p32.- DEBRIS. .HAMILTON, MARTHA M. PLASTICS MOVE FROM TRASH TO CASH COW. 10-4-90 WASHINGTON POST, Dl.* HANSEN, JUDIE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY DRAFT POSITION 5/6-90 FISHERIES VOL.15 NO.3:16.* STATEMENT ON PLASTIC DEBRIS IN MARINE, ENVIRONMENTS. HARE, M.P. AND J.G. MEAD HANDBOOK FOR DETERMINATION OF ADVERSE 1987 NOAA/NMFS NWAFC. HUMAN-MARINE MAMMAL INTERACTIONS FROM NECROPSIES. HARGREAVES, N.B. AND E.W. CARTER SUM14ARY OF LOST DR DISCARDED DRIFTNETS 1989 FOR THE ANNUAL MEETING OF THE REPORTED ON THE COAST OF BRITISH COLOMBIA IN INTERNATIONAL NORTH PACIFIC 1989 FIDNERIES COMMISSION. DEPT. OF FISHERIES AND OCEANS, NANAIMO, B.C. HARLAN, DAVID STELLAR SEA LION PUT ON 'THREATENED' LIST. JUNE 1990 THE DAILY ASTORIAN.* HAYS, CONSTANCE L. JONES BEACH DRAWS A CAUTIOUS CROWD. 7-18-88 NEW YORK TIMES.* HAYS, H. AND G. CORMONS PLASTIC PARTICLES FOUND IN TERN PELLETS ON 1974 MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN, COASTAL BEACHES AND AT FACTORY SITES. 5:"-46. HECHT, BARBARA PLASTICS RECYCLING BECOMES TOP PRIORITY WITH 5-4-89 TOE OIL DAILY.* CITIES. HENDERSON, J. ENCOUNTERS AND ENTANGLEMENTS OF HAWAIIAN MONK 1983 ABSTRACTS ON THE FIFTH BIENNIAL SEALS WITN L40ST AMD DISCARDED FISHING GEAR. CONFERENCE ON THE BIOLOGY OF MARINE MAMMALS, BOSTON, MA p.431. HENDERSON, J.R. MARINE DEBRIS IW HAWAII. 1988 IN ALVERSON AND JUNE (eds.) PROC. NORTH PACIFIC R114 FISHERMANIS CONFERENCE ON MARINE DEBRIS.w I I HENDERSON, J.R. ENCOU11TERS OF HAWAIIAN MONK SEALS WITH 1984 MARINE FISHING REVIEW ":59-61., FISHING GEAR AT LISIANSKI ISLAND, 1982. HENDERSON, J.R., S.L. AUSTIN & SUMMARY OF WEBBING AND MET FRAGMENTS FOUND ON 1987 NOAA/NlMFS-SWFC. M.B. PILLOS THE MORTHIJESTERN HAWAIIAN ISLAND BEACHES. HENDERSON, JOHN R. A REVIEW OF HAWAIIAN MONK SEAL ENTANGLEMENTS 1985 IN SHOMURAIS PROCEEDINGS OF THE IN 14ARIVE DEBRIS. WORKSHOP ON THE FATE AND 114PACT OF MARINE DEBRIS. P326.* 111-12 HENDERSON, KATHRYN TRASH IN THE OCEAN IS A SERIOUS THREAT TO 10-88 ENVIRONS, DUKE UNIVERSITY MARINE MARINE LIFE. LABORATORY, BEAUFORT, NC.* HENEMAN, BURR AND THE CENTER FOR PERSISTENT MARINE DEBRIS IN THE NORTH SEA, 7-88 A REPORT TO THE MAC AND NOAA.* ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION. NORTHWEST ATLANTIC OCEAN,WIDER CARIBBEAN AREA, AND THE WEST CCOAST OF BAJA, CA. HIGH, W.L. WRECK-NETTERS CATCH MORE FISH THAN THEY KNOW. 11-81 NATIONAL FISHERMAN, 122. HIGH, WILLIAM L. SOME CONSEQUENCES OF LOST FISHING GEAR. 1985 IN SHOMURAIS PROCEEDINGS OF THE WORKSHOP ON THE FATE AND IMPACT OF MARINE DEBRIS, p430.* HINCK, JOHN DIRGE OF THE DRIFTNETS. 11/12-86 DEFENDERS, p.16.* HINDS, MICHAEL DO DISPOSABLE DIAPERS EVER GO AWAY? 12-10-88 NEW YORK TIMES.* HOLUSHA,.JOHN NEW PACKAGING THAT SPARES THE ENVIRONMENT. 3-28-90 NEW YORK TIMES.* HOLUSHA, JOHN 7 POILYSTRENE 14AKERS FORM RECYCLING PROJECT. 6-13-89 NEW YORK TIMES.* HOLUSHA, JOHN PLASTIC TRASH: 'SILK PURSES' SOUGHT. 5-3-89 NEW YORK TIMES.* HOLUSHA, JOHN DOUBTS ARE VOICED ON DEGRADABLE PLASTICS. 10-25-89 NEW YORK TIMES.* HORSMAN, P.V. THE AMOUNT OF GARBAGE POLLUTION FROM MERCHANT 5-82 MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN, VOL SHIPS. 13 NO.5:167-169.* HOSS, D.E. AND'L.R. SETTLE INGESTION OF PLASTICS BY FISHES. IN PREP IN SHOMURAIS (ed.) PROCEEDINGS OF THE SECOND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MARINE DEBRIS, HONOLULU, HI. HUNT, W.H. MARPOL ANNEX V: PREVENTION OF POLLUTION BY 8-87 AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF PUBLIC PLASTICS, GARBAGE, AND TRASH FROM SHIPS PORTS. REPORT ON SURVEY OF SELECTED U.S. PORTS. IGNELL, S., J. BAILEY & J. JOYCE OBSERVATIONS ON HIGH-SEAS SQUID GILL-NET @1986 NOAA/NMFS-NWC.- FISHERIES, NORTH PACIFIC OCEAN, 1985. IGNELL, S.E. AND M.L. DAHLBERG RESULTS OF COOPERATIVE RESEARCH ON THE 1986 N0AA/MI4FS-NWAFC. DISTRIBUTION OF MARINE DEBRIS IN THE NORTH PACIFIC OCEAN. IMO GARBAGE: MRS THAN JUST A NUISANCE.... 1989 IND NEWS, NO.3. THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL MARITIME ORGANIZATION.* INDUSTRIAL ECONOMICS, INC. PLASTIC RECYCLING: INCENTIVES, MARKETS, AND 1988 U.S. EPA. GOVERNIIENT ROLE$. INTERNATIONAL MARITIME 114PLE14ENTATION OF ANNEXES V AND IV OF 14ARPOL 9-8-88 MARINE ENVIROMMUT PROTECTION ORGANIZATION 73/78: REPORT OF THE WORKING GROUP ON CONNITTEE.* OPTIONAL ANNEXES. 111-13 JOHNSON, S.W. DEPOSITION OF ENTANGLEMENT DEBRIS ON ALASKAN 1988 IN ALVERSON AND JUNE (eds.) BEACHES. PROC. NORTH PACIFIC RIM FISHERMAN'S CONFERENCE 04 MARINE QEBRIS.- JOHNSON, S.W. DEPOSITION, FATE, AND CHARACTERISTICS OF 1989 MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN, DERELICT TRAWL WEB ON AN ALASKAN BEACH. 20:164-168. JOHNSON, S.W. T.R. MERRELL ENTANGLEMENT DEBRIS ON ALASKA'S BEACHES. 1988 NOAA/NMFS-NWC JOHNSON, S.W. AND T.R. MERRELL ENTANGLEMENT DEBRIS ON ALASKAN BEACHES, 1986. 1985 NOAA, NMFS, FINWC-126. JOHNSON, SCOTT W. ENTANGLEMENT DEBRIS ON ALASKAN BEACHES, 1989. 9-90 NOAA/NMF ,S NWAFC PROCESSED REPORT 90-10.* JONES, LINDA L. AND R.C. FERRERO OBSERVATIONS OF NET DEBRIS AND ASSOCIATED 1985 IN SHOMURAIS PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTANGLEMENTS IN THE NORTH PACIFIC OCEAN AND WORKSHOP ON THE FATE AND IMPACT THE BEARING SEA. OF 14ARINE DEBRIS, p183.* JOYCE ERIN VOLUNTEEkS COMB NEW HAMPSHIRE BEACHES CLEAR 9-25-89 PORTSMOUTH HERALD, NH.* OF LITTER. KANN, J., 0. OFTARA, & S. McCAY ECONOMIC MEASURES OF BEACH CLOSURES. USE 1989 BY WASTE 14ANAGEMENT INSTITUTE, IMPAIRMENTS AND ECOSYSTEM IMPACTS OF THE NEW MSRC, SUNY FOR DYNAMAC CORP. AS YORK SIGHT. PART OF EPAIS NEW YORK BIG - RESTORATION PLAN. KARNELLA, CHARLES (CHAIRMAN) REPORT OF THE WORKING GROUP ON MANAGEMENT 1985 IN SHOMURAIS PROCEEDINGS 01: THE NEEDS. WORKSHOP ON THE FATE AND IMPACT OF MARINE DEBRIS, p538.- KARTAR, S.,, A8OU-SEEDO, F. & M. POLYSTRENE WASTE IN THE SEVERN ESTUARY. 1973 MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN, SAINSBURY 40". KARTAR, S., ABOU-SEEDO, F. & M. POLYSTRENE SPHERULES IN TH E SEVERN ESTUARY 1976 14ARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN, 7.:52. SAINSBURY A PROGRESS REPORT. KEARNEY/CENTAUR DIVISION MODEL PLASTICS REFUSE CONTROL AND 12-89 FOR NOAA/NMFS SEATTLE, WA.* MINIMIZATION PLAN FOR SHIPS. KEARNEY/CENTAUR DIVISION DEALING WITH GARBAGE UNDER NARPOL ANNEX V: 11-89 FOR NO W NMFS SEATTLE, WA.0 EXA14PLES OF C014PLIANCE APPROACHES USED BY THE SHIPPING INDUSTRY. KEENEY, T.R.E UNITED STATES LAW AND POLICY ON MARINE DEBRIS 1988 IN ALVERSON AND JUNE (eds.) INCLUDING PLASTICS AND OTHER SYNTHETIC PROC. NORTH PACIFIC RIM. MATERIALS. FISHERMAN'S CONFERENCE ON MARINE DEBRIS.* K .ELL, LORI PLASTIC DEBRIS ... MORE THAN A LITTER PROBLEM: SPRING FATHOM. FLORIDA SEA GRANT. STOW 1990 pe-lo.- 111-14 KELLEY, K. OCEAN DUMPING - NO END IN SIGHT. 1988 NATIONAL FISHERMAN 68:18-19. KELLEY, K. -A SEA OF P OLLUTION. 6-20-88 BOSTON GLOBE. KENYON, K.W. AND E. KRIDLER LAYSAN ALBATROSSES SWALLOW INDIGESTIBLE 1969 AUK 86:339-343. MATTER. KESTER, DANA R. TESTIMONY OF PROFESSOR DANA R. KESTER 9-17-87 CONTROLLING AND REDUCING GRADUATE SCHOOL OF OCEANOGRAPHY, UNIVERSITY POLLUTION FROM PLASTIC WASTES, OF RHODE *ISLAND BEFORE THE SENATE WASHINGTON, DC.- SUBCOMMITTEE ON ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, KEWLEY, WAYNE THE OFFSHORE OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY'S CAMPAIGN 12-87 IN PROC. 8th ANNUAL GULF OF TO STOP OFFSHORE LITTERING. MEXICO INFORMATION TRANSFER MEETING, MMS/OCS.* KIME , J. WILLIAM STATEMENT OF REAR ADMIRAL J. WILLIAM K I ME', 7-7-87 CONTROLLING AND REDUCING U.S. COAST GUARD BEFORE THE SENATE POLLUTION FROM PLASTIC WASTE, SUBCOMMITTEE ON ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION. ASBURY PARK, NJ.* KINDT, J.W. SOLID WASTES AND MARINE POLLUTION. 1984 CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY LAW REVIEW, 34:37-100. KING, R. TRASH AND DEBRIS ON THE BEACHES OF PADRE 1985 U.S. DO[, NATIONAL PARK SE' RVICE ISLAND NATIONAL SEASHORE. INTERNAL REPORT. KING, WAYNE SWEEPING 20 MILES OF JERSEY'S LITTERED SHORE. 8-2-90 NiW YORK TIMES, PRISON WORK PROGRA14.* KIRK, JAMES J. TESTIMONY OF JAMES KIRK, DIRECTOR OF PORT 9-17-87 CONTROLLING AND REDUCING DEPARTMENT, THE PORT AUTHORITY OF NEW YORK POLLUTION FRO14 PLASTIC WASTE, AND NEW JERSEY BEFOR THE SENATE SUBCOMMITTEE WASHINGTON, DC.- ON ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION. KITSOS, TH014AS R. AND JOAN M. CONGRESS AND WASTE DISPOSAL AT SEA. SUMMER OCEANUS VOL.33 NO.2.* BONDAREFF 1990 KLEMM, BARBARA AND DOTTIE WENDT BEACH CONFETTI* 3/4-90 SEA FRONTIERS, P28.* KOSKI, K.V. DERELICT FISHING GEAR AND PLASTIC DEBRIS ON 1988. N0AA/NMFS SHACKLEFORD BANKS, CAPE LOOKOUT NATIONAL SEASHORE, NC. KUBOTA, T. SYNTHEtIC 14ATERIALS FOUND IN THE ST014ACHS OF (IN. FROM ABSTRACTS OF THE SECOND LONGNM LANCETFISH COLLECTED FROM THE SURUGA PRESS) INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BAY, CEN TRAL JAPAN. 14ARINE DEBRIS, H0NOLULU,.HI. LAIST, DAVID W. OVERVIEW OF THE BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF LOST 1987 14ARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN, AMD DISCARDED PLASTIC DEBRISAN THE 14ARINE VOLAS NO.6b:319-326.* ENVIRONMENT. LANCASTER, MON. H. MARTIN DEGRADA BLE PLASTICS ACT OF 1969. 3-15-89 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD EXTENSION OF REMARKS: E811.* 111-15 LAREAU, J. OCEANS OF TRASH: WE'RE CHOKING OUR SEAS. 1988 COASTAL HERITAGE, S.C SEA GRANT CONSORTIUM, 3:4-7.* LARSAU, JANE NEW LAWS, NEW HOPE: WE CAN STOP MARINE SUMMER COASTAL KERIT&GE, S.C. SEA GRANT LITTER. 1988 CONSORTIUM, p4.- LAREAU, JANE SOUTH CAROLINA CONFRONTS ITS LITTER PROBLEM. 1968 COASTAL HERITAGE, S.C. SEA GRANT CONSORTIUM, p8.- LEE, M.R. MARINE PLASTICS POLLUTION CONTROL 5-20-88 U.S. LIBRARY OF CONGRESS, CRS.- LEGISLATION. LEE, MARTIN R. INFECTIOUS WASTE BEACH CLOSINGS. 1988 CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE REPORT FOR CONGRESS. LEIDNER, J'. PLASTICS WASTE, RECOVERY OF ECONOMIC VALUE. 1981 NEW YORK, NY: MARCEL DEKKER, INC. LENTZ, SALLY ANN PLASTICS IN THE MARINE,ENVIRONMENT: LEGAL 1987 MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN, VOL. APPROACHES FOR INTERNATIONAL ACTION. 18 NO.6b:361-365.* LEVIN, MICHAEL H.- THE TRASH 14ESS WON'T BE EASILY DISPOSED OF. 12-15-88 THE WALL STREET JOURNAL.* LIFFMANN, MICHAEL L. LOUISIANA COASTAL RECREATION AND TOURISM 12-87 IN PROC. 8th ANNUAL GULF OF ASSESSMENT TEAM: AN INNOVATIVE UNIVERSITY MEXICO INFORMATION TRANSFER APPROACH. MEETING, MMS/OCS.- LIPKA, DOUGLAS, AND VILLERE BOATER#S PLEDGE FOR A CLEAN GULF. 1989 PROJECT PROPOSAL BY THE GULF OF REGGIO MEXICO PROGRAM.* LOUGHLIN, T., P. GEARIN, R. ASSESSMENT OF MET ENTANGLEMENT ON NORTHERN 1986 NOAA/NMFS NWAFC REPORT #86-02. DeLONG, & R. MERRICK SEA LIONS IN THE ALEUTIAN ISLANDS, 25 JUNE-15 JULY 198S. LUBASCH, ARNOLD H. KEAN AND KOCH PLAN TO USE INMATES TO CLEAN 1-24-89 NEW YORK TIMES.* SHORE. LUCAS, Z. STUDY OF PERSISTENT LITTER IN THE MARINE 1988 REPORT FOR MOIBILE OIL, CANADA. ENVIRON14ENT USING SABLE ISLAND AS A MONITORING STATION. LYALL, SARAN THIS SUMMIER, CROWS, NOT NEEDLES, COVER THE 7-23-89 NEW YORK TIMES.* L.I. SHORE. MACGREGOR, P. INTERNATIONAL LAWS REGULATING SOLID WASTE 1988 IN ALVERSON AND JUNE (a&.) DISPOSAL FROM SHIPS. PROC. NORTH PACIFIC RIK FISHERMAN'S CONFERENCE ON MARINE DEBRIS.* MAINE STATE PLANNING OFFICE CHARTING OUR COURSE: AN ACTIVITY GUIDE FOR 1989 CH.S. GOOD OVERVIEW OF MARINE GRADES 6-12 ON WATER QUALITY IN THE GULF OF - DEBRIS PROBLEMS.* MAINE. MANNEIM, B.S. THE OCEANS ARE CHOKING ON PLASTIC DEBRIS. 3-1-86 NEW YORK TIMES EDITORIAL. MANVILLE, ALBERT M. -TESTIMONY OFTHE ENTANGLEMENT NETWORK 9-17-87 CONTROLLING AND REDUCING COALITION BEFORE THE.SENATE SUBCOMMITTEE ON POLLUTION FROM PLASTIC WASTE. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION. WASHINGTON, DC.- MANVILLE, ALBERT M. 11 TRACKING PLASTIC IN THE PACIFIC. 11/12-88 DEFENDERS plo.* MARANISS, LINDA ALL ABOUT REACH CLEANUPS 1989 CENTER FOR MARINE CONSERVATION. GUIDE TO PLANNING A BEACH CLEANUP.* MARRACH, W.D., S.E KATZ, & D. WHAT TO DO WITH OUR WASTES. 7-27-87 NEWSWEEK. TSIANTAR MARTINEZ, L.A. SHIPBOARD WASTE DISPOSAL: TAKING OUT THE IN PREP IN SHCMURAIS.(ed.) PROCEEDINGS TRASH UNDER THE NEW RULES. OF THE SECOND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MARINE DEBRIS, HONOLULU, HI. MATE, BRUCE R. INCIDENTS OF MARINE KANNAL ENCOUNTERS WITH 1985 IN SHOMURAIS PROCEEDINGS OF THE DEBRIS AND ACTIVE FISHING GEAR. WORKSHOP ON THE FATE AND IMPACT OF 14ARINE DEBRIS, p453.* MATSUWANGA, S. RECYCLING USED NETS: THE STATUS QUO AND ITS 198a IN ALVERSON AND JUNE (eds.) PROBLEMS. PROC. WORTH PACIFIC R114 FISNERNANIS CONFERENCE ON 14ARZNE DEBRIS.* MAURO, GARY TEST114ONY OF GARY KAURO, COMMISSIONER OF THE 9-17-87 CONTROLLING A .ND REDUCING GENERAL LAND OFFICE, STATE OF TEXAS BEFORE POLLUTION FROM PLASTIC WASTE. THE SENATE SUBCOMMITTEE ON ENVIRON14ENTAL WASHINGTON, DC.- PROTECTION. MAY, CLIFFORD 0. SOLUTION TO OCEAN WASTE IS BAFFLING 7-17-88 NEW YORK TIMES.* LA$#tAKERS. MCCANN, GEORGE C. TESTIMONY OF GEORGE C. 14CCANN BEFORE SENATE 7-7-87 DIRECTOR, DIVISION OF WATER SUBCOMMITTEE ON ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, RESOURCES, NJ DEPART14ENT OF CONTROLLING AND REDUCING POLLU710M FRO14 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION. ASBURY PLASTIC WASTE. PARK, NJ.- MCMANUS, ROGER E. PLASTIC OCEAN POLLU17ION., "STOW IT." 10-B7 SEA TECHN(XOGY p8l.- MCMANUS, ROGER E. TESTIMOMY.OF THE CENTER FOR ENVIROU14ENTAL 9-17-87 CONTROLLING AND REDUCING EDUCATION BEFORE THE SENATE SUBCOMMITTEE ON POLLUTION FROM PLASTIC WASTE, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION. WASHINGTON, OC.- MEADE, N.F. AND K.M. DRAZEK AN ECONOMIC PERSPECTIVE OF THE PROBLEM OF IN PREP IN SHOMURAIS (ed.) PROCEEDINGS PERSISTENT MARINE DEBRIS. OF THE SECOND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MARINE DEBRIS, NOWXULU, Mi. 111-17 MERRELL, T. AND S. JOHNSON SURVEYS OF PLASTIC MARINE DEBRIS ON ALASKAN 1987 NOAA/NMFS F/NWC-116. BEACHES, 1985. MERRELL,.T.R. JR ACCUMULATION OF PLASTIC LITTER ON BEACHES OF 1980 MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH, AMCHITKA ISLAND, ALASKA. 3:171-184 MERRELL, T.R. JR A DECADE OF CHANGES IN NETS AND PLASTIC 1984, MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN, LITTER FROM FISHERIES OFF ALASKA. 15:378-384. MERRELL, T.R. JR FISH NETS AND OTHER PLASTIC LITTER ON ALASKA 1985 IN SHOMURAsS PROCEEDINGS OF THE BEACHES. WORKSHOP ON THE FATE AND IMPACT OF MARINE DEBRIS, pl5.* MERRIAM, C. NEAL COLLECTION SYSTEMS FOR PLASTICS IN 04UNICIPAL 7-1-87 CENTER FOR PLASTICS RECYCLING SOLID WASTE. RESEARCH. TECHNICAL REPORT #29. RUTGERS, NJ. MILLIKEN, ANDREW AND VIRGINIA POLLUTION IMPACTS FROM RECREATION BOATING: A 1990 UNIVERSITY OF RHODE ISLAND SEA LEE BIBLIOGRAPHY AND SUMMARY REVIEW. GRANT, INFORMATION AND EDUCATION OFFICE. S5.00.* MIO's. & S. TAKEHAMA ESTIMATION OF DISTRIBUTION OF MARINE DEBRIS 1988 IN ALVERSOM AND JUNE (eds.) BASED ON THE 1986 SIGHTING SURVEY.' PROC. NORTH PACIFIC RIM FISHER14ANIS CONFERENCE ON MARINE DEBRIS.* MISSISSIPPI LEGISLATURE AM ACT TO PRON181T THE DISPOSAL OF PLASTICS 3-28-89 SENATE BILL NO.2675 AS APPROVED AND OTHER GARBAGE IN MARINE WATERS, TO BY THE GOVERNOR.* REQUIRE DISPOSAL FACILITIES AT CERTAIN ACCESS AREAS, TO PROVIDE PENALTIES FOR THE VIOLATION OF THIS ACT, AND FOR RELATED PURPOSES. MODERN PLASTICS RESIN REPORT 1-89 McGRAW-HILL, NEW YORK, MY. MOONEY, D. THE GARBAGE THAT NEVER DIES BUT KILLS. 1987 MARINE DIGEST pll-26. MORGAN, FRANK H. TEXAS ADOPT-A-BEACH PROGRAM. 12-87 IN PROC. 8th ANNUAL GULF OF MEXICO INFOR14ATION TRANSFER MEETING, MNS/OCS.* MORGANTHAU, T. DON'T GO NEAR THE WATER. 19W NEWSWEEK p43-47 MORRIS, JULIE TEXAS ISLAND IS AWASH IN LITTER. 5-25-90 USA TODAY.* MORRIS, R.J. FLOATING PLASTIC DEBRIS IN THE MEDITERRANEAN. 1980 MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN, 11A:125 MORRIS, R.J. PLASTIC DEBRIS IN THE SURFACE WATERS OF THE 1980 MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN, SOUTH ATLANTIC. 118:164-166. MORRIS, R.J. FLOATING PLASTIC DEBRIS IN THE MEDITERRANEAN. 1980 MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN, 11:125. 111-18 OFFICE OF TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT. FACING AMERICA'S TRASH--WHAT NEXT FOR 10-89 U.S. GPO #052-003-01-168-9, MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE? $16.00. OFIARA, D., DOUGLAS, & B. BROWN MARINE POLLUTION EVENTS OF 1988 AND THEIR 3-21-89 PRESENTED AT THE CONFERENCE ON EFFECT ON TRAVEL, TOURISM, AND RECREATIONAL FLOATABLE WASTES IN THE OCEAN: ACTIVITIES IN NEW JERSEY. SOCIAL, ECONOMIC, AND PUBLIC HEALTH IMPLICATIONS, SUNY, STONY BROOK, NY. OLSON, TODD M., SEAN E. GILL, STUDY OF SOLID AND PLASTIC WASTE MANAGEMENT 3-89 DAVID TAYLOR RESEARCH CENTER. AND CRAIG S. ALIG ABOARD USS EMORY S. LAND (AS 39). BETHESDA, MD.* OREGON DEPARTMENT OF FISH AND A NUTS AND BOLTS GUIDE TO ORGANIZING A BEACH UNDATED WILDLIFE. CLEANUP CAMPAIGN THE EASY WAY. PACIOIC ASSOCIATES THE EFFECTS OF MARPOL, ANNEX V, ON THE PORTS 9-88 NOAA/NMFS.* OF KODIAK AND UNALASKA. PARKER, N., S. HUNTER & R.J. DEVELOPMENT OF METHODOLOGY TO REDUCE THE 1987 NOAA/NMFS 85-ABC-00203. GOOD YANG DISPOSAL OF NON-DEGRADABLE REFUSE INTO THE TECHNICAL.EXPLANATIONS OF AT SEA MARINE ENVIRONMENT. WASTE MANAGEMENT.* PARKER, PATRICIA A. CLEARING THE OCEANS OF THE PLASTICS THREAT. 3/4-90 SEA FRONTIERS plB.* PARKER, SUSIE T. DU PONT PLANS TO BUILD RECYCLING PLANT. 5-4-89 THE OIL DAILY.* PARR, J. DEGRADABLE POLYMERS? 1987 FORBES p2O6-2iO. PARRISH, MOLLY R. BAN ON OCEAN DISPOSAL OF PLASTICS. 9-26-87 CONGRESSIONAL QUARTERLY P2321.- PAUL, BILL ON THE SHOULDERS OF MRS. ROBINSON THE FUTURE 7-5-90 WALL STREET JOURNAL, RECYCLING.* RESTS. PAUL, BILL PACKAGE FIRMS FIND ITS HARD BEING 'GREEN.0 5-25-90 WALL STREET JOURNAL.* PEART, LESLIE MARINE DEBRIS ON THE BEACHES OF PADRE ISLAND 12-87 IN PROC. 8th ANNUAL GULF OF NATIONAL SEASHORE. MEXICO TRANSFER MEETING, MMS/OcS.* PETTIT, T.N., G.S. GRANT, & G.C. INGESTION OF PLASTICS BY@LAYSAN ALBATROSS. 1981 AUK 98:839-841. WMITTOW PIATT, JOHN F. AND DAVID N. INCIDENTAL CATCH OF MARINE BIRDS AND MAMMALS 1987 14ARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN VOL.18 NETTLESHIP IN FISHING NETS OFF NEWFOUNDLAND, CANADA. NO.6b:3".* PLOTKIN, P., & A. A140S -EFFECTS Of ANTHROPOGENIC DEBRIS ON SEA (IN FROM ABSTRACTS OF THE SECOND TURTLES PRESS) INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MARINE DEBRIS, HONOLULU, HI. POWICKI, C.R. StRWR MEARS: WILL BEACH POLLUTION FOLLOW? 1989 JMMNAL OF WATER POLLUTION FED. 61:554-558. 111-21 PRICE, R.I. & W. THOMAS MARITIME-ORIGINATED SOLID WASTE IN NEW JERSEY 1987 N.J. DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL COASTAL WATERS: A STUDY OF THE PROBLEM. PROTECTION. PRUTER, A.T. SOURCES, QUANTITIES, AND DISTRIBUTIONS OF 1987 MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN, PERSISTENT PLASTICS IN THE MARINE VOL.16 NO.6b:305-310.* ENVIRONMENT. PYATT, EVERETT STATEMENT OF MR. EVERETT PYATT ASSISTANT 9-17-87 CONTROLLING AND REDUCING SECRETARY OF THE NAVY FOR SHIPBUILDING AND POLLUTION FROM PLASTIC WASTE. LOGISTICS BEFORE THE SENATE SU8COWITTEE ON WASHINGTON, DC.* ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION. QUIMBY, FRANK SINKING THE DRIFT-NET FLEETS. 3 qrtr 90 GUAM & MICRONESIA GLIMPSES.* R.L. ASSOCIATES AND U.S. TRAVEL THE ECONOMIC IMPACT OF VISITORS TO THE NEW 1988 N.J. STATE DIVISION OF TRAVEL DATA CENTER JERSEY SHORE THE SUMMER OF 1988. AND TOURISM, TRENTON, NJ.* RANGEL, JESUS WASTE DROWNS SUMMER ALONG THE JERSEY SHORE. 7-29-88 NEW YORK TIMES.* RECHT, FRAN DEALING WITH ANNEX V - REFERENCE GUIDE.FOR 9-88 NO&A TECHNICAL ME140RANDUM NMFS PORTS. F/NWR-23.* RECHT, FRAN MARINA REFUSE AND RECYCLING FACILITIES: U.S. 9-5-90 SUBMITTED TO ENVIRONMENTAL WEST COAST PORTS RESPOND TO MARPOL ANNEX V 14ANAGEMENT FOR MARINAS REQUIREMENTS & REDUCE COSTS. INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE, WASHINGTON, DC. USEFUL ..INFORMATION FOR MARINAS.* RECKT, FRAN REPORT ON A PORT-BASED PROJECT TO REDUCE 7_88 NOAA/NMFS NWAFC 0 88-26.* MARINE DEBRIS. RECHT, FRAN AND S. LASSEIGNE PROVIDING REFUSE RECEPTION FACILITIES AND IN PREP IN SHOMURAIS (ed.) PROCEEDINGS MORE: THE PORTIS ROLE IN THE MARINE DEBRIS OF THE SECOND INTERNATIONAL SOLUTION. CONFERENCE ON MARINE DEBRIS, HONOLULU, HI. REGGIO, VILLERE INFOR14ATION DEVELOPMENTS AND SOLUTIONS TO 12-87 IN PROC. Sth ANNUAL GULF OF MARINE DEBRIS IN'THE GULF OF MEXICO: SESSION MEXICO INFOR14ATION TRANSFER OVERVIEW. MEETING, MHS/OCS.* RIBIC, C.A. AND L.J. BLEDSOE DESIGN OF SURVEYS FOR DENSITY OF SURFACE 1986 NOAA/NMFS- " FC NO.267. MARINE DEBRIS IN THE NORTH PACIFIC. ROTHSTEIN, S.I. PLASTIC PARTICLE POLLUTION OF THE SURFACE OF 1973 CONDON, 75:3". THE ATLANTIC OCEAN: EVIDENCE FRON A SEABIRD. RUCKELSHAUS, WILLIAM 0. THE POLITICS OF WASTE DISPOSAL. 9-5-89 WALL STREET JOURNAL.* RYAN, P.G. EFFECTS OF INGESTED PLASTIC ON SEABIRD 1988 14ARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN FEEDING: EVIDENCE FROM CHICKENS. 19:125-128. RYAN, P.G. THE LIFESPAN OF INGESTED PLASTIC PARTICLES IN 1987 MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN SEABIRDS AND THEIR EFFECT ON DIGESTIVE 18:217-219. EFFICIENCY. 111-22 MORROW, DARRELL R., & EDWARD M. AN ECON0141C MODEL OF RECYCLING POST-CONSUMER 10-14-87 SIXTH NATIONAL RECYCLING PHILLIPS PLASTICS. CONGRESS. CENTER FOR PLASTICS RECYCLING RESEARCH, RUTGERS, NJ.* MOXNES, T. DEBRIS FROM SHIPS ACCUMULATED ALONG NORWEGIAN 1985 NORWEGIAN INSTITUTE FOR AQUATIC COASTS. SCIENCES, OSLO. MOYER, STEVEN AND JOHN P.ERNST COMMENTS OF THE NATIONAL WILDLIFE FEDERATION 10-1-87 CONTROLLING AND REDUCING FOR THE SENATE SUBCOMMITTEE ON ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION FROM PLASTIC WASTE. PROTECTION. WASHINGTON, DC.- MROSOVSKY, N. PLASTIC JELLYFISH. 1981 MARINE TURTLE NEWSLETTER 117:5. MURPHY, J. THE PERILS OF PLASTIC POLLUTION. 6-2-86 TIME. MURPHY, MARVIN PROJECTED DE14ANO FOR PLASTIC MATERIALS SEEN 1-5-89 THE OIL DAILY.* LIMITED BY ECOLOGICAL CONCERNS. McFADDEN, ROBERT D. 14ORE BEACHES SHUT ON 3D@ DAY OF POLLUTION. 7-9-88 NEW YORK TIMES.* McGRAW-HILL MODERN PLASTICS ENCYCLOPEDIA. 1988 NEW YORK, MY. NAJ, AMAL KUMAR BACK TO THE LAB: BIG CHEMICAL CONCERNS HASTEN 7-21-88 WALL STREET JOURNAL.* TO DEVELOP BIODEGRADABLE PLASTICS. NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES MARINE LITTER 1975. IN ASSESSING POTENTIAL OCEAN POLLUTANTS. COMMISSION ON NATURAL RESOURCES, NATURAL RESEARCH COUNCIL, WASHINGTON, DC. NATIONAL MARINE POLLUTION SUMMARY OF FEDERAL PROGRAMS AND PROJECTS FY 6-90 MOAA OFFICE OF THE CHIEF PROGRA14 1988 UPDATE. SCIENTIST.* NATIONAL MARINE POLLUTION FEDERAL PLAN FOR OCEAN POLLUTION RESEARCH, 9-85 MOU, OFFICE OF THE CHIEF PROGRAM OFFICE DEVELOPMENT, & MONITORING FYS 1985-1989. SCIENTIST.* NATIONAL OCEAN POLLUTION PROGRAM FEDERAL PLAN FOR OCEAN POLLUTION RESEARCH, 9-88 MWA, OFFICE OF THE CHIEF OFFICE DEVELOPMENT, AND MONITORING. FYS 1988-1992. SCIENTIST.* NATURAL RESOURCES CONSULTANT, SURVEY AND EVALUATION OF FISHING GEAR LOSS IN 6-29-90 FOR MW/MMFS SOASHF-9-001".* INC. 14ARINE AND GREAT LAKES FISHERIES OF THE UNITED STATES. NATURAL RESOURCES DEFENSE EBB TIDE'FOR POLLUTION, ACTION FOR CLEANING UNDATED GENERAL INFO FOR THE BEGINNER ON COUNC I L LIP COASTAL WATEM MARINE POLLUTION.* NEILSON, JUDIE THE OREGON EXPERIENCE. 19as IN SNONURAIS PROCEEDINGS OF THE WMKiWW ON THE FATE AND IMPACT OF URINE DEBRIS, pIS4.* 111-19 NEW JERSEY DEPARTMENT OF NEW JERSEY FLOATABLES STUDY: POSSIBLE 11-87 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION SOURCES, TRANSPORT, AND BEACH SURVEY RESULTS. NEW JERSEY DEPARTMENT OF NEW JERSEY FLOATABLES STUDY: DRIFTER STUDY 8-88 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION RESULTS. NEW JERSEY DEPARTMENT OF THE STATE OF THE OCEAN: THE REPORT BY THE 5-88 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION BLUE RIBBON PANEL ON OCEAN INCIDENTS - 1987. NEW JERSEY DEPARTMENT OF NEW JERSEY'S COASTAL OCEAN POLLUTION AND 1988 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS FOR THE ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION PEOPLE: A GUIDE TO UNDERSTANDING THE PUBLIC ABOUT ALL MARINE DEBRIS.* PROBLEMS, THE ISSUES, AND THE LONG TERM SOLUTIONS. NEW JERSEY DEPARTMENT OF TRAVEL THE ECONOMIC IMPACT OF VISITORS TO THE NEW 10-89 By OPINION-RESEARCH CORP. AND TOURISM JERSEY SHORE THE SUMMER OF 1989. PRINCETON, WJ.- NEW YORK DEPARTMENT OF THE MEDICAL WASTE STUDY. 4-89 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION. NIGAM, R. PLASTIC PELLETS ON THE CARANZALEM BEACH 1982 MAHASAGAR, 15:125. SANDS, GOA, INDIA. NIGHTINGALE, DAVID E.g. MARPOL V / MPPRCA AND SHIP GARBAGE 1989 R.W. BECK AND ASSOCIATES, MANAGEMENT. SEATTLE, WA. G&A FOR PORTS.* NOAA INTERAGENCY TASK FORCE ON PERSISTENT MARINE MAY 1988 DEBRIS. NOAA NATIONAL COASTAL POLLUTION DISCHARGE 1987 NATIONAL OCEAN SURVEY, OCEAN INVENTORY. ASSESSMENTS DIVISION. NY DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL NEW YORK STATE COMPREHENSIVE FLOATARLE 14ARINE 1988 LONG ISLAND CITY, MY. CONSERVATION DEBRIS MINIMIZATION PROGRAM. NY STATE DEPT. OF ENV. INVESTIGATION: SOURCES OF BEACH WASHUPS IN 1988 CONSERVATION 1988. OlHARA, KATHRYN EDUCATION AND AWARENESS: KEYS TO SOLVING THE 12-87 IN PROC. 8tH ANNUAL GULF OF MARINE DEBRIS PROBLEM. 14EXICO INFOR14ATION TRANSFER MEETING, MMS/OCS.* O'HARA, KATHRYN, AND LISA CLEANING NORTH AMERICA'S BEACHES: 1989 BEACH MAY 1990 CENTER FOR MARINE CONSERVATION.* YOUNGER CLEANUP RESULTS. OINARA, KATHRYN, AND PATTY CLEANING AMERICAIS BEACHES: 1988 NATIONAL 1989 CENTER FOR MARINE CONSERVATION.* DESENHA14 BEACH CLEA" RESULTS. OATES, S. PLASTICS PUSHING BOTTLES, CANS OFF SHELVES. 8-25-SS WASHINGTON POST. Fi. OFFICE OF TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT. WASTES IN THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT. 1987 CZIC.* NOT TOO MUCH ON MARINE DEBRIS. 111-20 RYAN, P.G. THE EFFECTS OF INGESTING PLASTIC AND OTHER IN PREP IN SHOMURAIS (ed.) PROCEEDINGS MARINE DEBRIS ON SEABIRDS. OF THE SECOND 'INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MARINE DEBRIS, HONOLULU, Mi. RYAN, P.G. THE INCIDENCE AND EFFECTS OF INGESTED PLASTIC 1986 M.Sc THESIS, UNIVERSITY OF IN SEABIRDS. CAPETOWN, CAPETOWN, UNION OF S. AFRICA. RYAN, P.G., A.D. CONNELL, & S.D. PLASTIC INGESTION AND PCSs IN SEABIRDS: IS 1988 MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN, GARDNER THERE A RELATIONSHIP. 19:174-176. SCHISER, J.G. PLASTIC PELLETS ON THE COAST OF LEBANON. 1979 MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN, 10:28-30. SCHISER, J.G. PLASTIC PELLETS ON SPAIN'S "COSTA DEL SOL" 1982 MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN, BEACHES. 13:409-412. SCHMITT, ERIC MILES OF L.I. BEACHES ARE CLOSED BY A WAVE OF 7-7-88 NEW YORK TIMES.* SEWAGE AND DEBRIS. SCHREY, ECKART AND GOTTFRIED RECORDS OF 9iTANGLED GANNETS AT HELGOLAND, 1987 MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN, VAUK GERMAN SIGHT. VOL.18 NO.6b:350.* SCIREY, ECKHART AND GOTTFRIED LITTER POLLUTION FROM SNIPS IN THE GERMAN 1987 MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN VOL.18 VAUK SIGHT. NO.6b:316.*. SCHULTZ, J.P. & W.K. UPTON III SOLID WASTE GENERATION SURVEY ABOARD USS 1988 U.S. NAVY, DAVID W. TAYLOR NAVAL O'SAMMON (00 987). SHIP RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER, ANNAPOLIS, MD. SCHUMACHER, JAMES D.(CHAIRMAN) REPORT OF THE WORKING GROUP ON THE FATE OF 1985 IN SHOMURAIS PROCEEDINGS OF THE MARINE DEBRIS. WORKSHOP ON THE FATE AND IMPACT OF MARINE DEBRIS, p536.* SCORDINO, JOE STUDIES ON FUR SEAL ENTANGLEMENT, 1961-1984, 1985 IN SHOMURAOS PROCEEDINGS OF THE ST. PAUL ISLAND, ALASKA. WORKSHOP ON THE FATE AND IMPACT OF MARINE DEBRIS, p278.- SCOTT, G. PLASTIC PACKAGING AND COASTAL POLLUTION.. 1972 INTERNATIONAL'JOURNAL OF ENVIRO NME NTAL STUDIES 3(1):35-36. SCOTT, G. THE GR OWT N OF PLASTICS PACKAGING LITTER. 1975 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL Of ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES, 7(2):1313-1332. SEA GRANT EDUCATION PUBLICATION A GUIDE TO..CLEANING UP BEACH DEBRIS IN 5-89 A HOW-TO GUIDE FOR ORGANIZING A NO.3. ALASKA. CLEANLJP.* SEEBALD, R.E. 114PLE14ENTATION AND ENFORCE14ENT OF ANNEX V OF IN PREP IN SHMMIS Ceft.) PR=EDIkGS MARPOL 73/73 IN THE UNITED STATES. OF THE SECOND INTER14ATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MARINE DEBRIS, HONOLULU, 41.' 111-23 SHIROMA, JAMES A. ADDING EDUCATION TO OCEAN FUN. 11-90 MAKAI, U. OF HAWAII SEA GRANT COLLEGE PROGRAM. VOL.12 NO.11. SHOMURA, R.S AND N.O. YOSHIDA PROCEEDINGS OF THE WORKSHOP ON THE FATE AND 1985 NOAA/NMFS.* (EDS.) IMPACT OF 14ARINE DEBRIS SIEVERT, P.R., L.SILEO, & PREVALENCE AND CHARACTERISTICS OF PLASTIC (IN IN ABSTRACTS OF THE SECOND S.I.FEFFER INGESTED BY HAWAIIAN SEABIRDS. PRESS) INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MARINE DEBRIS, HONOLULU, NI. SILEO, LOUIS, PAUL SIEVERT, & CAUSES OF MORTALITY OF ALBATROSS CHICKS AT 1990 JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES, MICHAEL SAMUEL MIDWAY ATOLL. 26(3):329-338.* SILKMAH, RICHARD 0. COASTAL CLEANUP NETS 51,893 ITEMS. 3-8-89 PRESS RELEASE FROM MAINE'S STATE PLANNING OFFICE.* SMART et at. TROUBLED WATERS. 10-12-87 BUSINESS WEEK p88. SMOCK, DOUG ARE SHIPBOARD PLASTICS ALL WASHED UP? 9-88 PLAST@,--S WORLD:75.* SMOLOWITZ, R.J. TRAP DESIGN AND GHOST FISHING: AN OVERVIEW. 1978 MARINE FISHING REVIEW, PAPER 1306. SOCIETY OF THE PLASTICIS, INC. FACTS AND FIGURES OF THE U.S.PLASTIC 1989 WASHINGTON, DC. S150.00. INDUSTRY. SPAULDING, M., K. JAYKO, & W. HINDCAST OF MEDICAL WASTE TRAJECTORIES ON 1988 FOR 01 DEPARTMENT OF KNAUSS SOUTHERN NEW ENGLAND WATERS. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGE14ENT BY APPLIED SCIENCE ASSOC. INC. SPORT FISHING INSTITUTE. PLASTIC 14AY HAVE CAUSED BEACH WHALES DEATH. 1988 BULLETIN NO. 395:7. SQUIRE, D.F. THE OCEAN DUMPING QUANDRY: WASTE DISPOSAL IN 1982 STATE UNIVERSITY NEW YORK PRESS. THE NEW YORK SIGHT. ALBANY, NY. STACHECKI, DONNA PUTTING PLASTICS IN THEIR PLACE. UNKNOWN UNKNOWN ORIGIN. DELAWARE SPECIFIC RECYCLING.* STEINHAUER, M., R. RIDGEWAY, & PLASTIC POLLUTION IN THE NEW YORK SIGHT. 1986 PREPARED FOR U.S. EPA REGION It P. BOEHM BY BATTELLE OCEAN SERVICES, DUXBUIRY, MA. STEINHAUER. M.S. et at. CHARACTERIZATION OF MARINE DEBRIS IN SELECTED IN PREP IN SHOMURAIS (ad.) PROCEEDINGS HARBORS OF THE UNITED STATES. OF THE SECOND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MARINE DEBRIS# NOMOlLULU. Mi. STEVENS, L. WILL TOUGRER LICENSING EASE GEAR CONFLICTS? 1985 COMMERCIAL FISHING NEWS 13(6):21. STEVENS, L. GHOST GILLNETS: PROBLEM NOT CRITICAL. 1-87 RCIAL FISHERIES NEWS. 111-24 STEVENS, WILLIAM K. DEGRADABLE PLASTICS SHOW PROMISE IN FIGHT 4-11-89 NEW YORK TIMES.* AGAINST TRASH. STEWART, BRENT S. AND PAMELA K. PINNIPED ENTANGLEMENT IN SYNTHETIC MATERIALS 11-89 NOAA/NMF S, SEATTLE, WA.- YOCHEM IN THE SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA SIGHT. STEWART, THOMAS R, et. at (eds) PERSPECTIVES ON MEDICAL WASTE. 6-89 THE ROCKEFELLER INSTITUTE OF GOVERNMENT, SUNY ALBANY, NY.* STIPP, DAVID BEACH SWEEP TURNS UP EVERYTHING, EVEN SINKS. 6-8-90 WALL STREET JOURNAL.* STROMBERG, E. AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF PORT AUTHORITIES 1988 WASHINGTON, D.C. COMMENTS TO COMMANDANT, U.S. COAST GUARD REGARDING PROPOSED COAST GUARD REGULATIONS TO IMPLEMENT ANNEX V. STROMBERG, ERIK STATE14ENT OF ERZK STROMBERG FOR THE A14ERZCAN 9-17-87 CONTROLLING AND REDUCING ASSOCIATION OF PORT AUTHORITIES BEFORE THE POLLU41ON FRO14 PLASTIC WASTE. SENATE SUBCOMMITTEE ON ENVIRONMENTAL WASHINGTON, DC.* PROTECTION. SULLIVAN, JOSEPH F. CURBS-ON SEA POLLUTION VOTED IN JERSEY. 5-24-88 NEW YORK TIMES.* SWANSON, L. LONG ISLAND BEACH POLLUTION: JUNE, 1076. 1977 MESA SPECIAL REPORT, MY SIGHT PROJECT, STONY BROOK, MY. SWANSON, R.L. FLOATABLES. 5-88 APPENDIX I TO NJ THE STATE OF THE OCEAN.il SWANSON, R.L. TESTIMONY BEFORE THE U.S. SUBCOMMITTEE ON 9-6-88 U.S. GPO. FISHERIES AND WILDLIFE CONSERVATION AND THE ENVIRON14ENT CONCERNING COASTAL POLLUTION. SWANSON, R.L. FLOATABLE WASTES IN MARINE WATERS. 6-89 IN PERSPECTIVES ON MEDICAL WASTE, ROCKEFELLER INSTITUTE OF GOVERNMENT, SUNY.- SWANSON, R.L. AND R. Z114MER WASHUPS OF FLOATABLE WASTE 14ATERIALS AND IN PREP IN SHOMMIS (ed.) PROCEEDINGS THEIR IMPACTS ON NEW YORK SIGHT BEACHES. OF THE SECOND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MARINE DEBRIS, HONOLULU, N I . SWANSON, R.L. AND R.L. ZIMMER METEOROLOGICAL CONDITIONS LEADING TO THE 1987 9-5-89 WASTE 14ANAGE14ENT INSTITUTE, AND 1988 UASHUPS OF FLOATABLE WASTES ON NEW MARINE SCIJENCE RESEARCH CENTER, YORK AND NEW JERSEY BEACHES AND COMPARISON OF SUNY STONY BROOK. GOOD OVERVIEW THESE C OWD 17IONS WITN THE HISTORICAL RECORD. OF IMPACTS AND CAUSES OF WASHUPS.* SWEAT, DOTT IE MARINE POLLUTION. FALL IM IN GEORGIA DNR OWDOOR REPORT" VOL.5, NO.3:14.*' TAKEHAMA, S. ESTIMATION OF OAMAW OF FISHING VESULS IN PRESS IN $NON M IS (ed.) PROCEEDINGS CAUSED BY MARINE 0E8RIS BASED ON STATISTICS OF THE SECOND INTERNATIONAL OF THE DAMAGE INSURANCE FOR FISHING VESSELS. CONFERENCE VN MARINE DEBRIS, NWXULU, Mi. 111-25 TAYLOR, L.- DEGRADABLE PLASTICS: SOLUTION OR ILLUSION? 1979 CHEMTECH, 9:542. THE PORT OF NEWPORT MARINE DEBRIS MANAGEMENT SYSTEM: QUARTERLY 1987 NA-86-ABH-00022. NEWPORT, OR. PROGRESS REPORT. THE SOCIETY OF PLASTICS INDUSTRY PLEASE DON'T FEED THE BIRDS. 4-90 PLASTIC MARINE DEBRIS EDUCATION KIT DESIGNED FOR PLASTICS INDUSTRY.* THOMPSON, K. NEW PLASTIC COKE CANS SPARK CONTROVERSY. 2-21-86 THE JOURNAL OF COMMERCE. TIEDERMANN, JOHN THE MARINE DEBRIS DILEMMA. 1989 NEW JERSEY SHORELINE, VOL.2 NO.3 NJ SEA GRANT MARINE ADVISORY SERVICE.* TINNEY, R.T. A MORE LIKELY ALLIANCE. 1983 OCEANS p65. TITUS, J.B. ENVIRONMENTALLY DEGRADABLE PLASTICS: A 1973 PLASTIC TECHNICAL EVALUATION REVIEW. CENTER, DOVER, NJ. TOUFEXIS, ANASTASIA THE DIRTY SEAS. 8-1-88 TIME MAGAZINE COVER STORY.* TREZEK, G.J., & J. TIXIER PROCESSING PET BOTTLES INTO HIGH PURITY 1987 RESOURCES AND CONSERVATION, VOL. FLAKE. 15:151. U.S COAST GUARD MARPOL 73/78 ANNEX V ENFORCEMENT POLICIES AND 5-31-89 COMMANDANT INSTRUCTION PROCEDURES FOR THE PREVENTION OF POLLUTION BY m16450.30.@* GARBAGE FROM SHIPS. U.S DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION REGULATIONS IMPLEMENTING THE POLLUTION 6-24-88 FEDERAL REGISTER VOL.53 PREVENTION REQUIREMENTS OF ANNEX V OF MARPOL NO-122:23884.* 73/78 ADVANCE NOTICE OF PROPOSED RULE MAKING. U.S DEPARTMENT OF DISPOSAL OF PLASTICS AND OTHER GARBAGE IN 8-90 BOATING SAFETY CIRCULAR 70.* TRANSPORTATION, COAST GUARD WATERS OF THE UNITED STATES. U.S NATIONAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE THE ROLE OF THE OCEANS IN WASTE MANAGEMENT 1-81 U.S. GPO. ON OCEANS AND ATMOSPHERE STRATEGY. U.S. COAST GUARD THE GULF OF MEXICO AS A SPECIAL AREA UNDER 10-2-87 LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL AND REPORT MARPOL ANNEX V. FROM CHIEF OFFICE OF MARINE SAFETY, SECURITY, AND INSPECTIONS. U.S. COAST GUARD 14ARPOL 73/78 ANNEX V GARBAGE RECEPTION 5-31-89 COMMANDMT INSTRUCTION FACILITY CERTIFICATION AND ENFORCEMENT mi"50.31.* PROGRAM. U.S. COAST GUARD POLLUTION-PREVENTION REQUIREMENTS OF ANNEX V 1-9-91 FEDERAL REGISTER, 824.* OF KARPOL 73/78. NOTICE OF PROPOSED REULEMAXING. 111-26 U. S. CODE ACT TO PREVENT POLLUTION FROM SHIPS, AS 1987 TITLE 33, SECTIONS 1901-1912.* AMENDED. U,I* CONGRESS PLASTIC POLLUTION RESEARCH AND,CONTROL ACT OF 10-13-87 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. H.8572.* 1987. U.S. CONGRESS RESOURCE CONSERVATION AND RECOVERY ACT. 1976 PUBLIC LAW 94-580, 90 STAT.2795. U.S. CONGRESS AMENDMENTS TO COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT ACT OF 10-26-90 SECTION 309 (a)(4).* 1972. U.S. CONGRESS COMMITTEE ON SESSION ON THE PROBLEM OF NOWBIODEGRADABLE 8-12-a6 HEARING BEFORE THE SUBCOMMITTEE MERCHANT MARINE AND FISHERIES. PLASTIC REFUSE IN THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT AND OF COAST GUARD AND NAVIGATION. THE OPTIONS THAT EXIST FOR RESPONDING TO IT. 99TH CONGRESS, SECOND SESSION. U.S. DEPARTMENT OF REGULATIONS IMPLEMENTING THE POLLUTION 10-27-a8 FEDERAL REGISTER VOL.53 TRANSPORTATION PREVENTION REQUIREMENTS OF ANNEX V OF MARPOL NO.208:43622.* 73/78 NOTICE OF PROPOSED RULEMAKING. U.S. DEPARTMENT OF PREVENTION OF POLLUTION FROM SHIPS- 9-6-89 FEDERAL REGISTER VOL.54 TRANSPORTATION NOTICE OF PROPOSED RULEMAKING. NO.171:37084.* U,S* DEPARTMENT OF REGULATIONS IMPLEMENTING THE POLLUTION 4-28-89 FEDERAL REGISTER VOL.54 TRANSPORTATION PREVENTION REQUIREMENTS OF ANNEX V OF MARPOL NO.81:18314.* 73/78 INTERIM RULE WITH REQUEST FOR COMMENTS. U.S. DEPARTMENT OF PREVENTION OF POLLUTION FROM SHIPS, INTERIM 5-2-90 FEDERAL REGISTER VOL.55 TRANSPORTATION FINAL RULE AND REQUEST FOR COMMENTS. NO.85:18579.* U.S. DEPARTMENT OF PREVENTION OF POLLUTION FRO14 SHIPS, EFFECTIVE 7-26-90 FEDERAL REGISTER VOL@55 TRANSPORTATION DATE CHANGE. NO.144:30455.* U.S. DEPARTMENT OF REPORT ON PORT AND SHIPPING SAFETY AND 1-91 MARITIME ADMINISTRATION, TRANSPORTATION ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION. NO.18:9-12.* U.S. DEPARTMENT OF REGULATIONS IMPLEMENTING THE 9-4-90 FEDERAL REGISTER, 35986.* TRANSPORTATION, COAST GUARD POLLUTION-PREVENTION REQUIREMENTS OF ANNEX V OF MARPOL. 'U.S. DEPARTMENT OF. REGULATIONS IMPLEMENTING THE 10-1-90 FEDERAL REGISTER, 29967.* TRANSPORTATION, COAST GUARD POLLUTION-PREVENTION REQUIREMENTS OF ANNEX V OF MARPOL, 73/78 CORRECTION. U*S* ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION THE SOLID "STE DILEMMA: AN AGENDA FOR 2-W. FINAL REPORT OF T HE MUN IC, PAL AGENCY ACTION. SOLID WASTE TASK FORCE, OFFICE OF SOLIID WASTE.* U.S. ENVIRON14ENTAL PROTECTION DESIGNATION OF THE GULF OF 14EXICO AS A 1-90 FOR 114019 MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL AGENCY SPECIAL AREA UNDER MARPOL.ANNEX V.' PROTECTION COMMITTEE (29th SESSION). 111-27 U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS FOR THE 1985 CODE OF FEDERAL REGULATIONS, AGENCY. PLASTICS AND SYNTHETICS POINT SOURCE TITLE 40, PART 416:304-349. CATEGORY. U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT GUIDELINES FOR 1985 CODE OF.FEDERAL REGULATIONS, AGENCY. BEVERAGE CONTAINERS. TITLE 40, PART 244:278-283. U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION METHODS TO MANAGE AND CONTROL PLASTIC WASTES. 2-90 cm.3.* AGENCY: REPORT TO CONGRESS U.S. GENERAL ACCOUNTING OFFICE DEGRADABLE PLASTICS: STANDARDS, RESEARCH AND 9-88 DEVELOPMENT. U.S. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES AMMENDMENTS TO PREVENT POLLUTION FROM SHIPS. 100th CONGRESS HOUSE BILL H.R.940 U.S. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES PLASTICS POLLUTION RESEARCH AND CONTROL ACT. 100th CONGRESS. HOUSE REPORT 100-360. PART 1 TO ACCOMPANY H.R. 940. U.S. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. PLASTIC POLLUTION IN THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT. HEARING, 100th CONGRESS Ist COMMITTEE ON MERCHANT MARINE & 6-17,7-23- SESSION. U.S. GPO SERIAL 100-26. FISHERIES 87 U.S. NAVY SHIP'S GUIDE TO RECENT NAVY INITIATIVES FOR 1-89 OFFICE OF THE CHIEF OF NAVAL SHIPBOARD SOLID AND PLASTIC WASTE OPERATIONS.* DEVELOPMENT. U.S. NAVY PLATICS WASTE 14ANAGEMENT PROGRAM. VIDEO.* U.S. SENATE PLASTICS POLLUTION CONTROL ACT OF 1987. 100th CONGRESS. SENATE BILL S.633. U.S. SENATE 100TH CONGRESS REGULATIONS FOR THE PREVENTION OF POLLUTION 11-5-67 TREATY DOCUMENT 100-3. BY GARBAGE FROM SHIPS (ANNEX V OF MARPOL CONGRESSIONAL RECORD S.15845.* 73/78). U.S. SENATE lOOTH CONGRESS MARPOL CONVENTION ANNEX V. SENATE EXECUTIVE REPORT 100-8. U.S. SENATE, COMMITTEE ON THE HEARINGS ON BILLS TO STUDY AND CONTROL 9-7-87 100th CONGRESS.' ENVIRONMENT AND,PUBLIC WORKS. DISPOSAL OF PLASTIC WASTE AN 114PLEMENT ANNEX V TO KARPOL. U.S. SENATE. COMMITTEE ON PLASTIC POLLUTION IN THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT. 7-29-87 HEARING 100th CONGRESS lst COMMERCE, SCIENCE, AND SESSION. U.S. GPO SERIAL TRANSPORTATION. 100-294. U.S. SENATE. COMMITTEE ON CONTROLLING AND REDUCING POLLUTION FROM HEARING 100th CONGRESS Ist ENVIROMMENT'AND PUBLIC WORKS PLASTIC WASTES. 6-1,7-7,9- SESSION. #100-322.- 17-87 UCHIDA, 1. ON THE SYNTHETIC MATERIALS FOUIND IN THE (IN FRO14 ABSTRACTS OF THE SECON DIGESTIVE SYSTE14 OF, AND DISCHARGED BY, SEA PRESS) INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TURTLES COLLECTED IN WATERS ADJACENT TO MARINE DEBOIS, HOWXULU, HI JAPAN. 111-28 UNITED NATIONS ENVIRONMENT AD HOC WORKING GROUP OF EXPERTS ON THE 4-19-85 UNEP/WG.120/3.* PROGRAMME PROTECTION OF THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT AGAINST POLLUTION FROM LAND-BASED SOURCES. VAUGHAN, D.A. et at. ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF FUTURE DISPOSAL 1975 U.S. EPA NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL METHODS FOR PLASTICSIN MUNICIPAL SOLID RESEARCH CENTER, CINCINNATI, OH. WASTE. VAUK, GOTTFRIED, J.M. AND ECKART LITTER POLLUTION FROM SHIPS IN THE GERMAN 1987 MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN, SCHREY BIGHT. VOL.18 NO.6b:316-319.* VENRICK, E.L., et at. MAN-MADE OBJECTS ON THE SURFACE OF THE 1973 NATURE, 241:271 CENTRAL WORTH PACIFIC OCEAN. VERHOVEK, SAM HOWE NEW YORK OFFICIALS DISAGREE OVER BEACH 7-23-88 NEW TORK TIMES.* DEBRIS. 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WOLFE, DOUGLAS A. PERSISTENT PLASTICS AND DEBRIS IN THE OCEAN: 1987 MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN VOL.18 AN INTERNATIONAL PROBLEM OF OCEAN DISPOSAL. mO.6b:303.* WONG, C.D., D. MacDONALD, & W. DISTRIBUTION OF TAR AND OTHER PARTICULATE 1976 BEAUFORT SEA PROJECT, VICTORIA, CRETNEY POLLUTANTS ALONG THE BEAUFORT SEA COAST. SC. BEAUFORT SEA TECHNICAL REPORT NO.13. WYPYSZINSKI, ALEX POLICING POLLUTION 1989 NEW JERSEY SHORELINE, VOL.2! NO.3 NJ SEA GRANT MARINE ADVISORY SERVICE.* YOSHIDA, K. AND SABA, N. THE PROBLE14 OF FUR SEAL ENTANGLEMENT IN 1985 IN SHOMURAIS PROCEEDINGS OF THE MARINE DEBRIS. WORKSHOP ON THE FATE AND IMPACT OF MARINE DEBRIS, p448.* 111-30 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 1 3 6668 00000 7841 1