[From the U.S. Government Printing Office, www.gpo.gov]


                                                                                 FINAL PRODUff        FY'94 Task 209&b
                                                                                 MCNIMS           Eastern Shore Dredging Plan- Phase 11
                             d@x
                                                                                                                        yrz 4


                     Nil



                           7- A
                                            ,q!Az




                                                                             ak.
                                                                                                       enal"
                                                                                       Od
                                                                             6d"",
                    ,@,@-B, eneficial 'Us
                    Ilk,



                                                                                   nia

                   A




                           liawartw
                                            _X        cu@t           bY
                                                                      Christopher W.         Frye,
                                              11F -,,Np stlerode.'   and      bert-J.'   Byrnp..

                               J,




                                                                                                                           V, e
                                                         Final Report      td   th
                             E. 5@._@,
                                  @,4@z     @rir             i  ',,Resource     Comrai'sioti-
                                                kinfa     ar ne               S           S       J-
                                             _v.
                                                         -Inst        of-@          -scien-C  -
                                                 irg@pia!       itute      Airific           e


                     Ke       rO




                                                                     T
                                                                      'o
                                                                                                                      I MI&       01
                                         Th     Devartifient     of nvilro, mental... Quality,
                                                                     E'
                                      Viiginia'Coastal      Resource     At                P  ogram,-,
                                                                            ;nagement
                                                                     and
                                 T
                                     C@          ad Occlnic     a  - _M       i-ph              1     tion
                                   h    Nati?Ln"                 nd     mo.,     cric Admin s6a'
                                                                                                                    J




                                                                May   1996
                  GC1
                                                                                                               71

                  P38
                   1996

                                                                                    3W,


                                                                                                                   y
                                                                                A
 ir





             [email protected] Uses of Dredged Material from the
                         aterway on the Coast of Virginia (WCV)

                                                           by
                     Walter 1. Priest, 111, Christopher W. Frye, Janet Nestlerode, and Robert J. Byrne





                                                   Final Report of the
                                        Virginia Marine ResourcesCommission
                                                           and
                                           Virginia Institute of Marine Science


                                                           To



                                        The Department of Environmental Quality
                                    Virginia Coastal Resource Management Program
                                                           and
                                 The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration












            This project was funded. in part. by the Virginia Coastal Resource
            Management Program through grant number NA470ZO287 01 of
            National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration under the Coastal
            Zone Management Act of 972 as amended


            Special Report No. 330 in Applied Marine Science and Ocean Engineering
       QN   Virginia Institute of Marine Science
                                                                                                      vims
            School of Marine Science
            College of William and Mary
            Gloucester Point, Virginia 23062




                                                        May 1996











                                                      Table of Contents


              Chapter                                                                                      Page

               I.     Introduction  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                          I



               11.    Historical Dredging and Placement     . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                    3
                        Background
                        Dredging History
                        Dredge Material Placement Sites
                        Plates I - 13


              Ill.    Natural Resources Evaluation   . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                     33
                        Shellfish/Aquaculture
                        SAV
                        Fishes/Blue Crabs
                        Colonial Waterbirds


              IV.     Sediment Evaluation   . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                        38


              V.      Benthic Evaluation    . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                        39
                        Introduction
                        Methods
                        Results
                        Discussion


              V1.     Beneficial Use Option Evaluation     . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                   49
                        Introduction
                        Evaluation Process
                        Application of Evaluation Process
                        Planning Process

              VII.    Summary    . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                         57

                      References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .                         59


                      Appendices
                             A       WCV Channel Sediment Data
                             B       Benthic Assessment Method (B.A.M.)
                             C       VMRC Subaqueous Maps
                             D       Seaside Baylor Grounds - Bottom Type Survey









                       1. Introduction                                            There is increased acknowledgment
                                                                              that dredged materials can have environ-
                           The Waterway on the Coast of Vir-                  mentally beneficial uses. For several
                       ginia (WCV) is an inland waterway along                decades the Corps has utilized the con-
                       the Atlantic coast between Virginia's bar-             cept of beneficial uses of dredged mate-
                       rier islands and the Eastern Shore main-               iial throughout the United States. Ex-
                       land, extending from Cape Charles to                   amples of beneficial uses vary from
                       Chincoteague Bay. Segments of the WCV                  shoreline stabilization and erosion
                       were originally designated under the                   control to marsh creation, oyster reefs,
                       Intracoastal Waterway and provided a                   and upland sites suited for bird and
                       protective navigational route along the                wildlife use. Several beneficial use-type
                       eastern seaboard. The quiescent waters                 projects have been accomplished within
                       found within the marsh/lagoon complex                  the Chesapeake Bay region. They
                       behind the barrier islands provided this               include Barren Island (198 1), Smith
                       protection, but the depositional nature of             Island (1987). Slaughter Creek (1987),
                       the area made maintaining a navigational               Eastern Neck National Wildlife Refuge
                       channel difficult. The current project is              (1993), and Kenilworth Marsh (199 1) [ 11.
                       maintained by the Norfolk District of the              Within Virginia beneficial uses of dredged
                       U. S. Army Corps of Engineers (Corps) as               material have mostly centered on beach
                       a Federal Project channel (Plate 1). Since             nourishment (e.g Virginia Beach,
                       .1962, an average of 275,000 cubic yards               Willoughby Spit, Queens Creek, and
                       of material per year have been dredged                 c thers).
                       from the channel of the WCV and placed                     The Barren Island project is an
                       within a variety of nearby estuarine habi-             example of how sandy dredged material
                       tats.                                                  can be placed along a shoreline to abate
                           Traditionally the Corps has held the               erosion as well as creating vegetated
                       responsibility of evaluating each dredging             vietlarids and high marsh habitat capable
                       project and identif@ring the potential                 of sustaining avian wildlife. In the
                       placement sites within the seaside la-                 '@'-,Iaughter Creek project fine-grained
                       goons that would adhere to a 50-year                   dredged material was placed overboard in
                       dredging plan. Once the Corps identified               a mound configuration and planted with
                       their preferred placement sites, a Joint               oyster cultch to mimic a natural oyster
                       Permit Application was submitted to the                reef. The Eastern Neck National Wildlife
                       State depicting the site locations and the             Refuge project is another example of
                       estimated amount of material to be                     placing dredged material along an
                       dredged. As a result. it sometimes was                 eroding shoreline, in conjunction with
                       difficult to realize the effort expended by            offshore breakwaters, to abate erosion.
                       the Corps during their internal                        The intertidal portion of that placement
                       assessment and what environmental                      area was also sprigged %vith smooth and
                       considerations were made.                              saltmeadow cordgrass, creating a
                           A more comprehensive approach                      vegetated wetland.
                       proposed by this plan, would be to                         Although a fair number of these
                       involve a broader based interest group                 projects may have been designed with a
                       during the preliminary site selection                  single goal in mind such as marsh
                       process. The result would be a group                   creation, oyster reef creation, shoreline
                       decision over the proposed dredged                     protection, and development of upland
                       material placement sites that                          -,N-ildlife habitat. the end product benefits
                       incorporates beneficial uses, lessens the              a wide range of communities and
                       environmental impacts, and considers                   organisms. For example, an overboard
                       value engineering.                                     placement area that is mounded and
                                                                              planted with oyster cultch not only



                                                                           I










                      provides a more desirous habitat for                such as silt and clay. Coarse-grained
                      oyster spat to attach and flourish, but             materials are also more resistant to
                      the new substrate provides a similar                erosion processes, making them
                      structural habitat for other organisms.             desirable for beach nourishment, marsh
                      Many valuable fish species, as well as the          erosion control, and basement substrate
                      very important blue crab, are known to              for oyster habitat. The beneflcial uses or
                      orient and feed around oyster reefs. In             habitat options are somewhat limited
                      addition, oysters are ftlter feeders that           'within the Eastern Shore barrier island
                      remove algae and suspended solids from              @system due to the fine-grained nature of
                      suspension, thereby having a positive               @the dredged material and the remoteness
                      influence on water quality.                         of the dredging sites. There are, however,
                          Intertidal wetlands created &orn                slight variances in the character of the
                      dredged material can protect an eroding             dredged material along the entire WCV
                      headland, but the wetlands also provide             which improve the pool of potential
                      foraging areas for wildlife and refuge for          placement options.
                      juvenile finflsh and crabs. The vegetated               Most of the material dredged from the
                      wetlands also serve as a natural filter by          INCV is a mixture of silt, clay, and some
                      removing sediments, nutrients. and other            Sand. There are a number of potential
                      matter transported by upland runoff into            beneficial uses, according to the particle
                      the adjacent waterways.                             size. for these types of sediments: upland
                          Since each dredged material                     uses, oyster habitat creation, avian
                      placement practice has a host of                    nesting and foraging habitat, wetland
                      potential benefits which are intertwined            creation. and beach nourishment. The
                      with estuarine ecology, it is difficult to          dredged materials generated from the
                      singularly define a placement project               1VCV navigation project have traditionally
                      with respect to a targeted beneficial use.          been placed in open water sites,
                      It might be more appropriate to refer to            intertidal mudflats. contained upland
                      beneflcial uses in broader terms, such as           sites, and along eroding marshes and
                      habitat creation or modification. It                beaches. Although Virginia's resource
                      should be noted, however, that at each              agencies and navigation experts have
                      placement site one targeted habitat may             realized that incidental benefits could
                      be more appropriate than another.                   accrue from these placement practices,
                      Selecting the best placement option will            there has been little effort to develop a
                      depend on the physical characteristics of           comprehensive plan that would exploit
                      the site, nature of the material to be              the material generated from the WCV.
                      dredged. and the resource tradeoffs                     The goal of this project is to develop a
                      especially associated with benthic                  long-range management plan for the
                      habitats (see Chapter V). For the                   placement of dredged material from the
                      purposes of this report, beneficial uses            NVCV. This management plan will
                      will be described as they have been in the          provide a set of goals. objectives, and
                      past (i.e. oyster reef habitat. marsh               mechanisms upon which long-terin
                      creation and protection, beach                      planning and the appropriate beneficial
                      nourishment, etc.).                                 use options can be based. Furthermore,
                          The primary factors to be considered            this report focuses intensively on
                      when determining what type of structure             assessing the environmental impacts to
                      or habitat can be constructed from                  the Eastern Shore's benthic community
                      dredged material are the geotechnical               since this is the habitat most often
                      properties and the method by which it               disturbed by the maintenance of the
                      will be dredged. Hydraulically dredged,             WCV. This and other information was
                      unconfined, coarse-grained material                 collected, compiled, and included in this
                      (sand and gravel) will stack more quickly           report to support the management plan.
                      and steeper than fine-grained material


                                                                      2








                     H., Historical Dredging and                      'h Plates 2 through 13 which is keyed, in
                         Placement                                    Table 2. to the dredging dates and sites
                                                                      utilized.
                     Background                                            Virtually all dredging is effected using
                                                                      hydraulic methods with disposal
                         The Waterway on the Coast of                 achieved via pipeline to overboard or
                     Virginia (WCV) was authorized in the             upland sites.'Table 3 indicates the site
                     River and Harbor Act of 19 10 with               characteristics as:
                     modifications in the River and Harbor Act             a  Overboard
                     of 1945. The project, completed by 1959,              0  Marsh, diked
                     provides for a waterway channel of six                *  Marsh, unconfined
                     foot depth and sixty foot width between               0  Upland
                     Chincoteague Bay and the Chesapeake                   0  Beach Nourishment
                     Bay at Cape Charles. Similar sectional                The locations of all the dredged
                     waterways were authorized and realized           sections of the WCV channel and any
                     along the Maryland and Delaware coastal          corresponding overboard placement sites
                     embayments. In 1970 Congress                     shown in Plates 2 through 13 have been
                     authorized development of a continuous           entered into the VMRC mapping system.
                     Delaware Bay-Chesapeake Bay Waterway             fly integrating the survey data collected
                     which would connect and enhance the              by the Corps with the survey information
                     sectional projects. Due to prohibitive           found in the VMRC mapping system, a
                     cost, the project was not engaged [2.31.         highly useful tool is now available that
                     Maintenance of the Virginia waterway,            will assist in the process of selecting
                     however, continues under authorization           dredged material placement sites and
                     of the WCV.                                      beneficial use options.
                                                                           The following provides a brief
                     Dredging History                                 description of each of the project areas
                                                                      and a summary of the dredging history.
                         Of the total length of approximately         Chesapeake Bay to
                     85 miles much of the WCV waterway                blagothy Bay (Plate 2)
                     follows channels with natural depths
                     exceeding project depths. Some 15                     The southern reach of the WCV
                     sections do require periodic maintenance         begins by connecting the Chesapeake
                     dredging (Plate 1). For the most part, the       Bay to Magothy Bay through Fishermans
                     areas that shoal transit shallow bays            Inlet and a man-made canal between
                     exposed to wind wave agitation as well as        Raccoon Island and the mainland. The
                     tidal currents that contribute to                total length of this reach is approximately
                     sedimentation in the channels. Since             23,000 linear feet and at least one million
                     1962 the total maintenance dredging              cubic yards of material have been
                     (Table 1) amounts to approximately 9             rnaintenance dredged from this reach
                     million cubic yards(MCY) [4].                    over a 30-year period. The maintenance
                     Dredge Material Placement Sites                  rnaterial generated from this section of
                                                                      the WCV has a high concentration of
                         During initial construction and              s@ind and has typically been placed along
                     subsequent maintenance a large number            eroding shorelines (CBMB 1, 2, 6 and 7).
                     of placement sites have been utilized.           Some of these placement sites have
                     Some sites have been used on a                   provided positive benefit s to the avian
                     continuing basis but many have been              community. However, a large amount of
                     used on a periodic basis. The geographic         material was placed on marsh during the
                     distribution of placement sites is shown         initial construction and now harbors


                                                                  3










            Table 1. Summary of Maintenance Dredging




                     Channel Segment                      Total              Time           Approximate
                                                     Maintenance            Period            Dredging
                                                    Dredging - CY                            Frequency
                                                                                               (Years)

              Chesapeake Bay to Magothy Bay                 1,029,792    1962 to 1993              5

              Magothy Bay (north)                             369.508    1977 to 1993              4

              Eckichy Marsh Channel                             68,406       1991

              Gull Marsh Flats                              1,427,409      1962-1994               4

              North Channel                                   943.346      1963-1992               4

              Sloop Channel                                   804,1513     1962-1992               4

              Swash Bay & White Trout Creek                 1.215,081      1962-1993               5

              Bradford Bay                                    358,382,     1962-1991               7

              Burtons Bay and Cedar Island                  1.110,613      1962-1994               4
              Bav

              Metompkin Bay                                 1,308,6715     1963-1993               6

              Gargathy Inlet                                    67,490     1961-1974

              Kegotank Bay & Northern                         280.914      1964-1983               6
              Narrows

              Bogues Bay                                        20,189       1978

              Hog Creek                                       178.1313     1974-1991               8

              Lewis Creek                                     113,662      1972-1992

              TOTAL                                         9,295,756
















                                                                 4










            Table 2. Placement Sites Utilized for Channel Maintenance.
                        See Plates I through 13 for Locations




                                    DELAWARE BAY - CIIESAPEAM BAY WATERWAY
                                    (Previous Project - Waterway on the Coast of Virginia)
                                              Accomack - Northampton County

                                              Chesapeake Bay to, Magothy Bay



                                                                       Placement Sites _(CBAIB)
                  Date Dredged            C.Y. Dredged         IL   2    3     4     5    6     7     8

              June-September 1958              NW                              V                V

              July 1960                  Maintenance &
                                              Widening

              January-May 1962                114,160

              April-May 1964                  86.450                          V?
              July 1964                       39.263

              March-April 1965                78.694

              M@Ly 1966                       63,195           V

              Mav-June 1967                   133,636

              October-November                90,010
              1967

              June-JuIv 1969                  72,901

              June-July 1970                  24.116           V

              March-Mav 1972                  91.239

              October 1976                    43,495

              April-May 1982                  108.607

              Februarv 1988                   51,896           V

              April 1993                      32,130









                                                             5







          Table 2 (continued)





                                DELAWARE BAY - CHESAPEAKE BAY WATERWAY
                                (Previous Project - Waterway on the Coast of Virginia)
                                         Accomack - Northampton County

                                                 Magothy Bay



                                                              Placement Sites (ME)

                Date Dredged          C.Y. Dredged         1       2

            October-November             144.257
            1977

            1982                            ?

            March-April 1987             102,852

            February 1990        1       50,635

            December 1993                71,764







































                                                       6







           Table 2 (continued)



                                   DEIAWARE BAY - CEESAPEAKE BAY WATERWAY
                                   (Previous Project - Waterway on the Coast of Virginia)
                                            Accomack - Northampton County

                                               Eckichy Marsh Channel




                                                                 Placement Sites (ECM)

                 Date Dredged            C.Y. Dredged          IL       2

              June 1 69                   24,484(NW)

              October 1991                  68,406



                                                   Gull Marsh Flats






                                                                 Placement Sites (GMF)

                 Date Dredged            C.Y. Dredged          1        2       3
              September 1958                 (NV%f)

              September 1962                150,980

              March 1965                    133,203

              June-JuIv 1969                185,991            ?

              March-May 1976                231,191

              March-April 1982              274,805

              March 1986                    204,871

              JuIv 1991                     120,586

              January- February             125,782
              1994















                                                           7







           Table 2 (continued)



                                   DEIAWARE BAY - CHESAPEAKE BAY WATERWAY
                                   (Previous Project - Waterway on the Coast of Virginia)
                                             Accomack - Northampton County

                                                     North Channel




                                                                   Placement Sites (NQ

                 Date Dredged             C.Y. Dredged          1        2        3

             August 1957                      (NW)

             February 1963                   97.990

             June 1967                       115,161

             January-March 1972              120,278

             March 1975                      139,574

             April 1982                      114,868

             February 1986                   101,914

             May 19                          1 lu,626

             June 1992                       142,935



                                                     Sloop Channel




                                                                  Placement Sites (SQ

                 Date Dredged             C.Y. Dredged          1        2        3       4

             August 1957                      (NW

             October 1962                    106,900

             July 1967                       161,890

             January 1974                    113,580

             November 1977                   92.565

             May 1982                        97,189

             March 1986                      82,303

             Mav 1                           62,247

             June-JuIv 1992                  87,482



                                                            8







           Table 2 (continued)



                                   DELAWARE DAY - r.I=ArEAKE DAY WATERWAY
                                   (Previous Project - Waterway on the Coast of Virginia)
                                            Accomack - Northampton County

                                            Swash Bay & White Trout Creek



                                                                         Placement Sites (SBUT)

                   Date Dredged               C.Y. Dredged           1    2    3    4     5    6     7

              August 1957                          (NW)              V    V    V

              October 1962                        178.6  45               V

              July 1967                           208,822

              January-February 1974               239,990

              October 77-Januarv 1978             157.589                 V

              September - November             187, 100 (SB)
              1983

              September -November              83,500 (Wr)
              1983

              March 1988                          47.886

              March-April 1993                    111,519                                      V


























                                                         9







           Table 2 (continued)




                                   DELAWARE BAY - CHESAPEAKE BAY WATERWAY
                                   (Previous Project - Waterway on the Coast of Virginia)
                                            Accomack - Northampton County

                                                     Bradford Bay




                                                                 Placement Sites (BB)

                Date Dredged            C.Y. Dredged          1       2        3       4

            July 1957                       (NW)

            October 1962                   65.566

            July-August 1967               47,150

            March 1977                     101,802

            November 1983                  37.000

            November 1983                  41,000

            October 199.                   65,850




































                                                          10







           Table 2 (continued)




                                   DEIAWARE BAY - CHESAYEAKE BAY WATERWAY
                                    (Previous Project - Waterway on he Coast of Virginia)
                                            Accomack - Northampton County

                                            Burtons Bay and Cedar Island Bay




                                                                Placement Sites (BBCIB)

                 Date Dredged           C.Y. Dredged          1        2        3       4

             June 1957                       (NW)

             November 1962                  139,776

             September 1967                 193,276

             July 1969                      21,752

             December 1973                  194,186

             December 77 -                  176,618
             January 1978

             April-September 1983           198,635

             April-June 1987                95,326                                      V

             November-December              39,250
             1992

             Februarv 1994                  51.794                              ?       ?







           Table 2 (continued)




                               DELAWARE BAY - CHESAPEAKE BAY WATERWAY
                               (Previous Project - Waterway on the Coast of Virginia)
                                       Accomack - Northampton County

                                               Metompkin Bay




                                                                      Placement Sites (MTB)

                  Date Dredged            C.Y. Dredged      1.   2    3    4    5     6    7    8   9.
             November 62-February         699,350(NVr)
             1963

             September 1967                  217.853

             February-September 1973         498,851

             October- November 1986          465,375

                    1990 ,                      ?

             JIluary-February 1993           126,596




























                                                           12







           Table 2 (continued)





                                    DELAWARE BAY - CEMSAPEAKE BAY WATERWAY
                                    (Previous Project - Waterway on the Coast of Virginia)
                                             Accomack - Northampton County

                                                      Gargathy Inlet




                                                                          Placement Sites (GI)

                   Date Dredged                C.Y. Dredged            1        2

             September 1957                        (NM

             November-December 1961                18,730

             July 1964                             4,313            V

             March 1965                            7,930

             August 1967                           3,832

             August 1969                           5,660            V

             June 1970                             9,128            V

               anuary 972                          7,551
            --February 1974            1           10,346

















                                                             13







           Table 2 (continued)




                                   DEIAWARE BAY - CHESAPEAKE BAY WATERWAY
                                   (Previous Project - Waterway, on the Coast of Virginia)
                                            Accomack - Northampton County

                                           Kegotank Bay & Northam Narrows




                                                                        Placement Sites(KBNN)

                  Date Dredged               C.Y. Dredged               1         2      3      4

             October-November 1958               (NW)

             June-July 1964                     108.194

             May-June 1970                      133,756

             February-March 1978                27.542

             August-October 1983                11,422



                                                      Bogues Bay




                                                                         Placement Sites (BB)

                  Date Dredged               C.Y. Dredged            1        2        3       4

             Januarv-Februarv 1978              20.189
























                                                           14







           Table 2 (continued)



                                   DEILAWARE BAY - CHF-SMEAKE BAY WATERWAY
                                   (Previous Project - Waterway on the Coast of Virginia)
                                           Accomack - Northampton County

                                                      Hog Creek




                                                                        Placement Sites (HC)

                  Date Dredged               C.Y. Dredged           1        2        3       4

             February 1974                      55.121

             October 1983                       64.077

             August 1991                        58,935



                                                     Lewis Creek




                                                                        Placement Sites (LQ

                  Date Dredged               C.Y. Dredged           1        2       3        4

             Au.i4ust-October 1963           80.255 (NW

             February-May 1972                  34.415
             August 1992                        79.247                  T-











                                                          15










                                              Table 3. Character of Dredge Material Placement Sites


                                                                            Chesapeake Bay to Magothy Bay            Magothy        Ecklchy     Gull Marsh          North         Sloop Channel         Swash Bay/WbIte Trout (SBVM
                                                                                         (CBMB)                      Bay (MB)       Marsh       Flats (GMF)       Channel              (SC)
                                                                                                                                    (EChO                           (NC)
                                                                          1    2 _ 3      4    5     6    7    11     1      2      1      2    1    2     3    1     2 1 3       1   2 1 3      4_     1   2    3     4     5    6    7

                                                 Overigiard                                                                  v


                                                 Marsh.


                                                 Marsh, Unconfined

                                                 Upland                                                                                                             I    I
                                                 Beach Nourishinew                                                                                                                             -LL                   I    I     I


                                                                           Bradford Bay          Buttons Bay/Cedar                   Metampkin Bay (MTH)                     Gar&&           Kegotank Bay/              Rogues Day/
                                                                                (BB)             island Bay (BBCIB)                                                           thy       Northern Narrows(KBNN)         Rog Creek (BB)
                                                                                             I                                                                                (GI)                                          -(HC)
                                                                          1    2    -1    4     1    2    3     4_   5     1    2    3     4 1 -5-1 6      7  1 8     9     1- 2        1       2       3      4        1         1

                                                 Overboard                                                                                                                              wr


                                                 Marsh, Diked


                                                 Marsh, Unc(.1111ned


                                                 Upland
                                                 Beach Nourishment                                                                             -LL                                v
                                                                                                                                                                                                    @3










                      large stands of Phragmites australis                  eriod. the greatest amount of all of the
                      (CBMB3, 4, and 5).                                   WCV shoals. The entire 1.4 million cubic
                                                                           yards of dredged material has been
                      Magothy Bay (Plate 3)                                placed overboard onto subaqueous
                                                                           bottom (GMFl, 2, and 3). Several
                          The WCV extends northward from                   intertidal hummocks emerged from
                      lower Magothy Bay through upper                      subaqueous bottom as a result of the
                      Magothy Bay and into Mockhorn                        successive placement of dredged material
                      Channel. The shallowest section of the               within those same areas.
                      WCV in this area occurs in upper
                      Magothy Bay where approximately 7,800                North Channel (Plate 5)
                      linear feet of channel requires
                      maintenance dredging. The amount of                      Where Gull Marsh Channel merges
                      material maintenance dredged since                   with Great Machipongo Channel. the
                      1977 is approximately 370,000 cubic                  WCV turns north through Hog Island
                      yards. According to historical records, all          Bay. At channel marker 186, the WCV
                      of this material has been placed                     then turns northeast into North Channel.
                      overboard on subaqueous bottom                       A 5, 100 linear foot section of North
                      (Table 3).                                           Channel has yielded 943,000 cubic yards
                                                                           of maintenance material over a 29-year
                      Eckichy Marsh Channel                                period. All of the material has been
                      and Gull Marsh Channel (Plate 4)                     placed overboard on subaqueous bottom
                                                                           C)IC 1. 2, and 3). Based on surface grab
                          The WCV follows Mockhorn Channel                 samples, the material appears to be a
                      northward to Sand Shoal Channel. where               mixture of sand, silt, and clay. Records
                      it then turns to the east and continues              indicate that several areas within the
                      towards Sand Shoal Inlet. As the WCV                 above-referenced placement sites were
                      approaches the oceanside, it turns                   subsequently leased by seaside
                      northwest into Eckichy Channel at                    waterman. Apparently the placement
                      channel marker 224. A short section of               sites became suitable habitat for oysters
                      the WCV channel near Eckichy Marsh                   to set and grow.
                      has experienced minor sedimentation,
                      therefore, requiring maintenance                     Sloop Channel (Plate 6)
                      dredging on two separate occasions. The
                      dredged material resulting from these                    The WCV follows North Channel to
                      episodes has been placed on marsh                    Cunjer Channel where it traverses the
                      (ECM1) and in an overboard site (ECM 2).             northern end of Hog Island Bay, heading
                      The material placed against and upon the             towards Sloop Channel. The southern
                      vegetated marsh at ECMI has provided                 portion of Sloop Channel, approximately
                      some erosion protection and possible                 5, 100 linear feet, has required the
                      benefits to colonial waterbirds.                     removal of approximately 840,000 cubic
                          From Eckichy Marsh the WCV                       yards of material over a 30-year period.
                      continues through Spidercrab Bay in a                The majority of the fine-grained dredged
                      northeasterly direction within Gull Marsh            material has been placed overboard and
                      Channel. Gull Marsh Channel contains                 adjacent to an eroding marsh fringe
                      approximately 7,200 linear feet of shoal.            (ISC 1, 2, and 4), but in 1974 113,580
                      Table I indicates that this section of the           cubic yards were placed unconflned on
                      WCV has had over 1.4 million cubic                   an intertidal marsh site (SC3). Several of
                      yards of material removed over a 32-year             these placement sites have been utilized
                                                                           as nesting habitat by colonial waterbirds.




                                                                       17










                     Swash Bay and White Trout                         is a 7.200 linear foot section of the WCV
                     Creek (Plate 7)                                   that requires maintenance dredging.
                                                                       Appro)dmately 358,000 cubic yards of
                         The WCV follows Sloop Channel to              dredged material has been removed from
                     the northeast until it crosses Sandy              this section of the WCV since 1962 and
                     Island Channel. and then enters Little            placed in overboard sites (13131, 2, 3 and
                     Sloop Channel along the western side of           4). Site BB3 was located near an eroding
                     Revel Island Bay. These areas remain              marsh ftinge and may have provided
                     naturally deep and do not require any             some erosional protection for the high
                     maintenance dredging. Little Sloop                marsh. It should also be noted that
                     Channel converges with White Trout                material placed along the southwestern
                     Creek at the head of The Swash, where             side of the dredged channel (BB1 and 2)
                     the WCV then turns north into White               created intertidal mounds that became
                     Trout Creek and towards the southern              productive oyster habitat.
                     end of Swash Bay.
                         Appro)dmately 4,500 linear feet of            flurtons Bay and Cedar Island
                     White Trout Creek and 8,400 linear feet           flay (Plate 9)
                     of Swash Bay require maintenance
                     dredging. It is difficult to determine the            Upon miting Bradford Bay, the WCV
                     volume of maintenance material that has           continues easterly within Wachapreague
                     been removed from each of the two                 Channel until reaching Custis Channel.
                     projects, since they are usually                  Custis Channel takes the WCV in a more
                     accomplished under the same contract.             northerly direction into Burtons Bay.
                     A combined total of 1.2 million cubic             There is appro2dmately 21,500 linear feet
                     yards of maintenance material has been            of channel within Burtons Bay and Cedar
                     dredged over a 3 1 -year period. The fine-        Island Bay that requires maintenance
                     grained material has been placed in               dredging. The total amount of mateflial
                     confined inarsh sites (SBW71, 2. and 4).          maintenance dredged from these two
                     as well as overboard on subaqueous                bays since 1962 is appro2dmately 1. 1
                     bottoms (SBWT3, 5. 6, and 7).                     million cubic yards. A large portion of
                         Records indicate that dredged                 the dredged material was hydraulically
                     material was initially placed near SBWT2          placed on upland (BBCIB I) and into an
                     in an unconfined manner, the area                 overboard site (BBCIB2). Areas of the
                     subsequently became a heron rookery.              overboard site have been leased due to
                     Moreover, dredged material placed on              the oyster habitat created. More
                     subaqueous bottoms along the western              recently, the material has been placed
                     side of Swash Bay Channel created well            into other overboard sites (BBCIB3. 4.
                     developed intertidal mounds that became           and 5).
                     suitable oyster habitat. SBVM is no
                     longer used as a rookery, but the                 Nfetornkin Bay (Plate 10)
                     intertidal mounds on the west side of
                     Swash Bay remain under private lease by              The WCV e2dts Cedar Island Bay via
                     watermen.                                         Longboat Creek, follows Longboat Creek
                                                                       to a man-made passage connected with
                     Bradford Bay (Plate 8)                            Folly Creek, and then e@dts Folly Creek
                                                                       through another man-made passage into
                         The WCV enters Seal Creek at the              lower Metomkin Bay.
                     northern end of Swash Bay and                        The WCV channel through Metomkin
                     continues northeasterly until reaching            Bay is appro2dmately 26,400 linear feet
                     Millstone Creek. Once into Millstone              long. Due to high sedimentation and
                     Creek the WCV turns northwest towards             rapid barrier island migration rates in
                     Bradford Bay. Within Bradford Bay there           this area, a 16,000 linear foot section of


                                                                   18










                      the channel was relocated during the late          placed unconfined on tidal marsh
                      1980's. Appro)dmately 1. 1 million cubic           [KBNN2, 3, and 4) and at an overboard
                      yards of material have been dredged over           site (KBNNl).
                      a 30-year period. Placement sites have
                      varied from diked marsh (MTBl),                    Bogues Bay (Plate 12)
                      unconfined marsh [MTB2, 3 and 4),
                      overboard, subaqueous bottoms (MTB5                    The WCV follows Northam Narrows to
                      and 6). and along the oceanside of                 Assawoman Creek and continues
                      Metomkin Island (MTB7, 8, and 9).                  ffirough Hog Creek, Little Cat Creek, and
                      Several beneficial uses have resulted              Cat Creek into Bogues Bay.
                      from these placement activities: portions          Approximately 2,000 linear feet of
                      of the previously used overboard sites             channel through Bogues Bay requires
                      have been leased by watermen for oyster            maintenance dredging. Over 20.000
                      cultivation, and the material pumped to            cubic yards of material were dredged in
                      the Atlantic side of Metomkin Island may           '1978 and placed unconfined on marsh
                      have provided some erosion protection.             arid intertidal flats (BB 1). Portions of
                                                                         these areas have been leased by local
                      Gargathy Inlet, Kegotank Bay,                      watermen.
                      Northam Narrows and
                      Hog Creek (Plate 11)                               Lewis Creek (Plate 13)

                          Wire Passage provides a naturally                  The WCV e@dts Bogues Bay and
                      deep course for the WCV to e2dt                    follows Island Hole Narrows towards
                      Metomkin Bay and continues in a                    Chincoteague Inlet and Chincoteague
                      northerly direction to Gargathy Inlet.             Channel. The northern stretch of the
                      Gargathy Inlet is a highly dynamic ocean           WCV follows Chincoteague Channel into
                      inlet where sand is continuously shifting          Lewis Creek, then enters Chincoteague
                      and depositing into the nearby WCV.                Bay and continues into Maryland waters.
                      Early records indicate that over 67,000            Appro2dmately 6.500 linear feet of
                      cubic yards of material were dredged               channel has yielded 113, 000 cubic yards
                      between 1961 and 1974 with a dredging              of dredged material over a 29-year period.
                      frequency of less than two years (Table            The material has been placed along the
                      1). All of the sandy material has been             shoreline of Chincoteague Island (LC2
                      placed along the oceanside of southern             and 3), overboard in Chincoteague Bay
                      Assawoman Island and northern                      (LC4). and on marsh (LCU.
                      Metomkin Island (GI I and 2) as beach
                      nourishment material. It has also
                      enhanced e@dsting shorebird habitat.
                          From Gargathy Inlet, the WCV
                      orignally follwed First Creek into
                      Kegotank Bay. Due to the continued
                      migration of southern Assawoman
                      Island. however. First Creek has been
                      filled entirelywith sandy deposits. As a
                      result the WCV has been relocated
                      through Kegotank Creek into Kegotank
                      Bay. Historically there has been a 4,800
                      foot section of channel through Kegotank
                      Bay and other short channel segments
                      within Northam Narrows that have
                      yielded over 280,000 cubic yards of
                      maintenance material. The material was



                                                                     19






                                                                                  Plate 1. Index Map




                                              (MD.p                       -3                                                           16







                                            v






                                                                                       S


                                                                                                                                                    th cif

                                                                                                                                          no
                                                                                                         'WVF
                                                                                                                                           I-A

                                                                                                                                              p
                                                                                                                                                kfil

                                                                                                                                                      'g,           97




                                                                                    1 X 4.1

                                        vx@




                                                                                          R-N 0 1
                                                                               Va
                                                                                                               Ic

                                                                                                                                                        ï¿½rjm--t'@
                                                                                                                                                         "G
                                                                                            -&js
                                                                                                                              N


                                                                                             7 4

                                                                                         t3


                                  112


                                                                            E199






                                                                                                                                                                    21
                                                       t                                                                                                @L@m         101 17,


                                                                                                       20






                                                                                                                                                          Plate 2. Chesapeake Bay to Magothy Bay Channel


                                                                                     In.
                                                                                                                                                     LL
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                05



                                                         X









                                                                                                                                                                                                          f ill



                                                                                                                            PE          cz
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       10 V
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   2z
                                                                                  it i)                                                                                                                                                                                                                               I T  H
                                                          'ILt'   J'j    7%     1 :X     1                7
                                                                  Jgi                        41


                                                                                                       L'y


                                                                                                                                     RRAW


                                                                                                                                                             ly



                                                                                                                         ggm

                                                                                                                             N@    MOM
                                                                                                                             EMN





                                                                                                                J."
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     Dredged Mat

                                                                                                                                                                                                            AN.
                                                                                                                                                                                *OA
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       Colonial Waterbir
                                                                                                       --L,                                                        -t-       'W-          AD
                                                                                                                                                                                                          0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           Shrub                            mar

                                                                                                                          @ @7i
                                                                                                                                                                                                      w
                                                                                                            Z
                                                                                                          ... .... . .
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         0


                                                                                                                                                                                       X

















                 t
                                                                                                                                                            o,                    I I  I I,' I
                                                                                                                                                                                                           41,4

                                                                                         4

                                                                                                                            4@                     14
                                                         4. 4)
                                                            4.                                                                                   Aa
                                                     ,4, 4 11 ',it=                                                                              , I
                          "4,                                                                                                                                                 "1 IN, @,j
                                                  Vol I                                               zi416                                                                                               o
                                                                                                                                                                               '17
                                                                                                                                                                                      14 4'
                                      4                                                    14,4
                                                                                                                             @@ 41,              )4 A@, I@P@
                                              N       ol, 1                                                                                  CAk
                          j                                                         OW
                                                                                                                              4 4
                                                                                                                                                                       TH
                                                                                                                                               '16
                                                                                                                                       14
                                                                                                                                                                                     . . . . . . . . . . . . .


                                                                                                                                                                                                  ARE,
                                               1 4    4--
                     p                                                                                                                           "'4141
                                                          41
                                                                                                                                                                                   1V
                          r        :4@,T                    @4
                                                                                                                                                                     11N, Poo@-@qj             I'vfkfil,

                4@        ENO      1  4.,

                              MAR


                                                                       M n
                                              ji jr




                                         4.0
                                                                                              -4,0  4
                                                      .4                                     Ju
                                           el k fQ 4,
                                                                                     f                        Ig
                                                  if

                                                                                                                                                 %Uil


                                                                                                                                                                                           al,






                                                             Plate 4. Eckichy Marsh Channel
                                                                       and Gull Marsh Channel
                                                MEN
                                                                       'o        -M.                                     "N
                                                                                                                                     n. -grm
                              S, 0
                                                                                                                                                   0-
                                                                                                                                     M
                                                                   v-1
                                                                        MM&4.
                                                                         arv  V
                                                                       R

                                                    V-
                                                                                                                         g
                                                                 S
                                                 N
                                                                   t                                                                                         `k
                                                                       @"R
                                                 AV                11   151,
                                                                   Nli-I'l
                                                                                                                         If        GMF
                                                                       v            Rt

                                                                                                                                v
                                                                                                                             p z
                                  ;10
                                                                                                      ,v


                                                                                                                                     W4
                                                                                                                                                     1    - MR
                                      5d
                                                                               -8'
                                      t
                                                                                         A
                                                                 A
                                                                                                      8N
                                                                                                                             5A
                                                                                                      R
                                                                                                      -2f
                                                                         q
                                                            Ng
                                                                                                                                         r
                                                                                                              IVA
                                                                 @,M
                                                                   i,
                                                                                                      1AP.
                                                                                 w
                                                                                                                                             -K
                                                                                                               0,                         U I;        rREQ
                                                                                                      4,2, 1,
                                                21 ad aEili:l  4_'WiR       @!x zgg
                                                                                                      "A_ 61- M
                                                                                                           _E@
                                                                                                      -011
                                                                                                                         A""R Zk7*i,,-, WIL
                                                                                                                             'A 11,@,@,:,O%       ww, -         gm
                                                                                                      X1 N
                                                                                                      tI'E ,                                          R
                                                                                                      @51
                                                        N
                                                                                                                                                      4
                                                                                                                                                  N@
                                                                                    R
                                                                                                            -wl -                                               -1 7m@,
                                                                                                                                       %
                                                                                    .0
                                                                                                                                                                   "R
                                                                                                                             V
                                                                                 "IN     Rol
                                                                                                               @Sp
                                                                                                                                                              ;N,
                                                    -Xi,
                                                                                    R?
                                                                                                         R
                                           2                                                             W
                                                                                     'R,
                                                                                                       V
                                                                                                                   x
                                                                 "M'
                                                                                                                'a
                                                                                                                01--
                                                                                                                         MS
                                                                                                      + -

                                                 7'
                                                                                                      A",
                                                                                                                                                                SO
                                Rif                                      t_
                                                                                                                                      'J
                                                                                                                                                        1,04
                                                                                                                             4
                                                                                                                             . S-I. W...
                                                                                                                             -
                                                                                                                                                  @S T, 1@
                                                                                                                                  A               U
                                                                                     ECM              M., vt

                                                            Z,14' W_
                                                                                 li@     M
                                                                                                                                   i',4RR,        -w-
                                                                                                      51i 0"
                                                                                         in.          MIM
                                                                                                      R.
                                                                                                      _54'             Nn
                                                                                                      05,
                                                                                                      R.
                                                                                         W
                                                                                         5
                                                                             "M
                                                        V,'@   j@fb:F@,T3 gwl', -
                                                                                         P,
                                                             AM    1011@1                             I".                                           nN Rhlv
                            [3@                                                          r6

                                                                       g
                                                                                    P-0
                                                                                mg







                                                                                                          Dredged Material Placement




                                                                                                      Colonial Waterbird Colonies 1993-1994
                                                                                                      [] Shrub 0 Marsh                      Beach/Dune

                                                                                                      0                                                     2 Mile
                                                        -C U10,15








                                                                                                      23





                                           Plate 5. North Channel


                                                                                                            iM@-@
                                                                                                       '4


                                                         kf, sx.
                                                            v       v".


                                                 P



                                                         I.,
                                                                                                     f

                                                         W
                                                                                  C
                                                                                  N     T'.g p'.
                                                    N.
                                                                       A
                                                                      5"
                                                                                            Ae"o.,
                                                 3h


                        3F
                                                                                                       '.5
                        0,
                                         t
                                                                                                        X",
                                                                                  W5- F
                                                                                  F "E,

                                       vq,




                                                                                  R




                                                        41.


                           NP
                                                                                  A
                                                                                  R



                                           '5



                                A,
                        'E"
                                                                                                 fy
                                                           -6,
                                             Q
                                                     v-@;,p g


                                 XN

                                                 Z.V" @'V,
                                                                                  n@Z

                                   IA
                                                 Ij



                                           4
                               V,
                                                                Rx, 0
                                                              ",A
                                                                                  0
                                                                                    1"NA   "'.x,
                                 A  2
                                             Mal,
                                                       A
                                         ,'Eu
                                                                                  Al
                                                            'AT
                                                                                                tM
                                                          xj;,nF
                                                                                                     ICT
                                             A




                                                                                         UIM
                                                          gN
                                             66.@   N
                                                                                  k-
                                                                              -wn
                                                    6-A      "( vK 'I"

                                                      M@
                                                                                                                  Dredged Material Placement
                                  w
                                                                                  25@ @sp

                                                    U-IM
                                                                                                          Colonial Waterbird Colonies 1993-1994
                                                    Y
                                                          t
                                                                                                             Shrub             Marsh             Beach/Dune


                                                                                                   0                                                             2 Mile



                                                                                            24







                                                                Plate 6. Sloop Channel


                                           ft-d.mtsl.k.


                                                                                           fL

                                 1-@ Z107011     z@)
                                                                                                              5


                                                                                 ma.
                                                                              "M
                                                                                                            R
                                          7


                                                                                                                'N'.0
                                                                                                           INS             m
                                  -Fz-
                                             qy4-2,       4
                                                                                                     ka    ..3
                                                                                                            .0.1   P
                                                     V21,
                                                          rz
                                                                                     mm      5,
                                               @R4-
                              SC
                                3
                                                                                         -mm
                                                      V   -NN                                    @v
                                                                         "..nuggo,
                                                                           g
                                                                                              ft R
                           4

                          SC      2                       m

                                                                R



                                                                            +

                                                                                                  B,
                                                                                                                                5@'
                                                                 NO
                                                            ,S@48
                                                               w'. 1"
                                                                       C
                                                                                                                                       .w
                                                                      '0
                                   ",@f
                                                          r
                                                                                                                                    M-N
                                                          49


                                                                           A
                                                                                      jg*
                                                                                                                                                . . . ... .. .


                                   n-v-
                                                                                           1r,
                                                                                                                     wW
                                                UP,         IF
                                                                                        -   A     ZAN
                                                In
                                                                                                           ION,,
                                           O"Pi
                                                                                          OR
                              Rk
                                                                                                                          1Z                    -e3
                                                     141,



                              rA
                             OR                                                                                                             @LT
                                                 N
                                          @T 11                          g,
                                                                 OF,!
                                                                @VM



                                                          IXlh
                                                                                                                                            y,
                                                                                                                                  3y


                                                                                               Dredged Material Placement




                                                                                        Colonial Waterbird Colonies 1993-1994
                                                                                      [:] Shrub       0 Marsh                Beach/Dune

                                                                                 0                                                          2 Mile
                                                                                                                               17-





























                                                                                 25






                                                         Plate 7. Swash Bay and White Trout Channel




                                                                                                      Z.









                quinb



                                                                                                                     gg
                                             rf
                                                                                                              44




                                                                  A -4







                                                                                                                                -J@
                                                                                   ';B






                                                                                                                                  @z
                                                                                                              r7
                                                                                                       -T-
                                                                                                                                        Drecig




                                                                                                                                  Colonial W

                                                                                                                                    Shrub


                                                                               Awl,
                                                                      1-g- --M2.6








                                                                                            Plate 8. Bradford Bay


                                                                                                                         U R   T
                                                             14





                                                                                                                   mock Cove






                                           IAX=t
















                                                    v

                                                Ae





                                        "d 11@'



                                                                                                       z
                                jj@

                                                                                                                                                       Dredged Ma



                                                                                                                                                Colonial Waterbir

                                                                                                                                                  Shrub           Ma


                                                                                                                                         0







                                                                   Plate 9. Burtons Bay and Cedar Island Bay

                                                                                       7 .



                                                                                                                                                          4m

                                                                                                         _7
                                                                                                      -F_
                                                                                                                       -Z






                                                                                                                                                            77
                    cl

                        ji
                                                                                                    Y-
                                                                                              74*
                                                                                                                                     q. 5r


                                                                                                               BC1


                                                                                                                          q

                                                                                                                                              !IR-a
         CT @Ikf 4
                                                                                                                                              Z4


                                                                                                                       @A_
                                                                                                           W
                                                                                                                               u. _f,"
                                                                                                                             @:6 @2?E
             ZZI                                                                                                                              'N

                                         BC1
                                                          xell:@'..@:,                             Ve                                                   Dredg
                                                                         gq


                                                                           A".
                                                   N
                                                      W,                                                                                         Colonial Wa
                                                                      NEW,
                                                                        R    NP
                                                                                                                                                   Shrub


                                                                                                                                           0






                                                                                       PI  a  te     10. Metompkin Bay

                                                                                                                                                                    U
                                                                                                                                                           n
                                                                                                                                                                                               j


                                                                                                                                W
                                                                                                                            IL
                                                X
                                        7%                                            v
                                                Ak                                                                                                     .....          @_Z
                                                                      zv                                                        ... .... . . .............
                                   IA
                                                                                                                                                                                            MTB
                                        _7- I
                                                                   e's                                                               .. .... ....                           .4
                                                                                                                                                                          4
                                                                                                                                                                                               7
                                                 '3'
                                                                                                                  ..........            Realigh6d
                                                                                                              ZT,

                                                                          N
                                                               7fj

                                                                                                                                                                                                 ...........

                                                                                                                                                                           MTB
                                                                                                                                                  MTB
                                                                                                                                                                             8         V..
                                                                                                                        ki

                                                                                                       A
                                                                                                        EN
                                                                                                        R-A
                                                                                                                NII.F.,
                                                                                         F
                                                                                                           31


                                                                                                                                             '26

                                                 4@"
                                                                                           VWR
                                            w                                                                                 . . . . . .. . ..
                                                                                                                                                            MTB
                                                                                                                                                              9


                                                                                                                                                  .. ... .....
                                                                                              N
                                                                        MTR
                                                                                           vs MIR'              -       *  1@         . @
                                                                                                   g


                                                                                                    7E! @i
                                                                         ,@A
                                                                                WIN                                                                    ...... ...
                                                                                                                              Ak.                    . .....
                                                                  NITB
                                                                                                            Y
                                                                                                                                                              .......... . . .. . ......    ........

                                            NITB                                                                                                                      .... ...
                                                                                                                                                              ...........
                                                                                                             '@X
                                                      Id           IVI 1 0
                                                                      2
                                                         P





                                                                                      _7
                                                                                                                     R "i



                                                                                                                                  Dredged Material Placement



                                                                                                                        Colonial Waterbird Colonies 1993-1994
                                                                                                                            Shrub                  Marsh          ABeach/Dune

                                                                                                               0                                                                             2 Mile



                                                                                                                 29




















                                  4 j                   4 4@@j
                                                                      4"
                                                     @lp 6'j
                                                                                     "Nil

                                                                                                                                                                              149
                                                                                                 4@
                                                                                     At'
                                                     rol, 514119"'              A
                                                                                                      7/4



                                                                                                       A'o I
                                                                                                                           IN,




                                                                                                                                                                  ï¿½r.
                                                                                                                                                                    i,
                                                                                         yl


                                                                                                                                            4!


                                                                                                                                                                                              JN
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        ...........
                      cc
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                wop.,
                                                                                   '6@
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            s-1
                                                                                                                                                4 14
                                                                                                                                           -i -T@
                                                                                                                                                                 "I  .      .11
                                                                                                                                                           'i4
                                                                                                                                                                   yr,
                                                                                                                                                             4  414
                                                                                                                                                                 4't@'T       Pit     -1111
                                                                                                                                                                                   t4
                                                     VAR








                                                                                                                                                                                      A.101









                                                                                                 Plate 12. Bogues Bay



                                                                                                                                                                           'A  p
                                                                                                                           ROGUES






                                                  I-V




                                                                                                                                                             4-



                                                                                                                    Ora
                                                                                                                    Itz 18A
                                                                                                      ;Lz-

                                                                                                                @7, P,





                                                                                                  L@-,   8a


                                                                                                      F't               F7
                                                                                                                                                                             Dredged



                                                                                                                                                                      Colonial Water
                                                                                                                                                                   [] Shrub

                                                                                                                                                               0
                                                                                                                                                               v     i      i     i      j





                                                                                        Plate 13. Lewis Creek


                                                                                                                                                               'k
                                                                                                   4







                                                                                                                                      p




                                                                816k. p

                                                                                                                    g   -


                                                                LA.,




                                                                                                                                        sfvo
                                                                                                                                                         77--. -
                                                                                                               I-V
                                                                                                                                                 V
                                                                                                                                                        g
                                                                                                                                                   -   IF,
                                                                                                                                                  -W







                                 INe



                                                                        7@-


                                 ,01





                                                                                                        Q:



                                                                                                                                   P4



                                                                                                                                       dry"



                                                                      off                                                      cz@
                                                                                          CD                                      W



                                                                                                                               P




                                                                                                                                                   Dredged Material Placement


                                                                                                              PW
                                                                                                        :V  .
                                                                                                                                         Colonial Waterbird Colonies 1993-1994

                                                                                                                                                                                            Beach/Dune
                                                                                                                                            Shrub
                                                                                                                                                                    Marsh


                                                                                                                               0                                                                                2 Mile
                                            TOMS COVE





                                               ------ ------                                 --- ----                                  -------------                   - --------

                                                                                                                      32










                      M. Natural Resources                               diseases [6]. These shallow intertidal reef
                                                                         systems are numerous throughout the
                         The WCV stretches along the seaside             seaside, but small in size - less than one
                      of the Eastern Shore of Virginia between           to two acres [7]. Consequently. there is
                      the barrier islands and the mainland               relatively little information about the
                      (Plate 1). The lagoon and marsh complex            exact location and productivity of
                      through which the WCV passes is one of             individual oyster reefs or bars.
                      the most pristine environments                        The VMRC's Oyster Grounds Leasing
                      remaining along the Atlantic Coast of the          and Surveying Department is responsible
                      United States. The beaches of the barrier          for surveying subaqueous ground for
                      islands are used as nurseries by both              public and private shellfish cultivation,
                      endangered and non-endangered species              leasing private shellfish grounds, and
                      of turtles and shorebirds, and the entire          maintaining oyster ground lease records.
                      area supports a large assemblage of                All of the existing public grounds and
                      colonial waterbirds, shorebirds, and               private leases are surveyed and entered
                      waterfowl. The lagoon and marsh system             into the VMRC mapping system. VMRC's
                      also provide important nursery habitat             survey and lease records of the entire
                      for many important finfish which are               Eastern Shore are contained in Appendix
                      harvested both commercially and                    C. The VMRC survey and mapping data
                      recreationally. In addition, the seaside of        do not indicate, however, the presence or
                      the Eastern Shore has historically been            value of any particular resource within
                      an area of very high shellfish                     mapped grounds.
                      productivity.                                          As a result of this study, the VMRC
                         As a result of the great abundance of           mapping system has been updated to
                      natural resources found along the WCV,             include the locations of all the sections of
                      and the lack of nearby inland or upland            the WCV requiring maintenance
                      disposal sites, the placement of dredged           dredging, as well as the historical
                      material has the potential to impact a             overboard placement sites. This -will
                      wide variety of environments and natural           enable a desktop review that quickly and
                      resources. Therefore, it is essential to           accurately locates a dredging project
                      identify the areas of high resource value          relative to public and private shellfish
                      so that any impacts from dredge material           grounds. Site specific information about
                      placement can be minimized. while                  the presence of shellfish resources will
                      possibly enhancing various components              still have to be garnered from the
                      of the habitat surrounding the WCV.                leaseholders, local waterman, and Marine
                                                                         Patrol Officers familiar with the sites in
                      Shellfish/Aquaculture                              question.
                                                                             The Virginia Marine Resources
                          The seaside of the Eastern Shore has           Commission's Oyster Conservation and
                      the largest extent of public shellfish             Repletion Department manages public
                      grounds in any one area of Virginia. In a          shellfish grounds for the conservation
                      study conducted during the late 1970's             and promotion of oyster resources. As a
                      [51 it was determined that approximately           part of their responsibilities, public
                      7.226 acres of public shellfish grounds            oyster grounds on the seaside are
                      had moderate to high potential for oyster          improved by shell planting and the
                      growth, primarily based on substrate               turning of old beds to increase setting
                      composition (Appendix D). Most of these            substrate in spawning areas. During
                      oysters (Crassostrea virginica) on the             the years of 1992-94 approximately 31
                      seaside of the Eastern Shore are found             individual sites were shell planted and/or
                      on intertidal flats, They have adapted to          experienced "turnover", a process
                      intertidal elevations, which lessens their         whereby buried shell is brought up to the
                      exposure to aquatic predators and                  surface. A 1995 survey of those sites

                                                                     33









                      showed relatively good numbers (100-300           Virginia. There has been an 8 to 14
                      oysters per square meter) of small                percent annual growth rate for much of
                      oysters. There is some encouragement              the last ten years [9]. In 1993
                      that further reef rehabilitation and              approximately 72.2 million clams were
                      creation may have some success on the             produced in Virginia, valued at over 11
                      seaside [71. All of the oyster repletion          million dollars. The state's largest clam
                      sites have been surveyed and entered              producer is located on the bayside of the
                      into the VMRC mapping system, and can             Eastern Shore. There are, however, other
                      be readily identified (Appendix Q.                operations working on the seaside that
                         The inter-tidal oyster reef habitat            utilize private leases as clam growout
                      found on the seaside of the Eastern               areas, as well as withdrawing seawater
                      Shore represent an ecologically valuable          from the creeks and channels for their
                      resource. Hopefully, future dredged               hatcheries.
                      material placement activities can be                  A hatchery can be extremely sensitive
                      accomplished in a manner to benefit this          to changes in water quality, especially
                      habitat. It is interesting to note that           during warm water months when
                      many small intertidal sand and shell              productivity is high within the hatchery.
                      mounds were created along the WCV as a            A time-of-year restriction of March 15 to
                      result of dredged material being                  October 31 may be appropriate for
                      repeatedly placed in the same areas over          maintenance dredging or material
                      a 30-year period. Some of the mounds              placement activities that are in the
                      became colonized by oysters naturally             vicinity of a shellfish hatchery.
                      and were eventually leased by watermen            Additionally, select areas along the
                      because of their economic viability [6].          seaside have proven to be more
                         Other valuable shellfish resources             productive as clam growout areas due to
                      found along the seaside of the Eastern            water quality, tidal hydrodynamics,
                      Shore include the quahog (Mercenaria              nutrient flux, and other variables. These
                      mercenaria) and surf clam (Spisula                areas may be more sensitive to dredged
                      solidissima). Both the surf clam and large        material placement activities, and should
                      quahog clams are commonly used in                 be considered during the evaluation of
                      clam chowder and as clam strips. Small            placement options.
                      quahogs, or cherrystones. are valued by
                      restauranteurs for their half shell               Submerged Aquatic Vegetation (SAV)
                      market. The surf clams are found along
                      the Atlantic beaches and offshore of the              There are little to no aquatic grasses
                      barrier islands, while the quahog clam            within the barrier island complex from
                      can found throughout the barrier island           Fishermans Island to Chincoteague Inlet.
                      system. There is, however, little                 At the northern extent of the WCV,
                      quantitative information about the                however. within Chincoteaaue Bay
                      abundance or location of naturally                behind Assateague Island, aquatic
                      occurring clams on the seaside. A review          grasses occur quite extensively[ 101.
                      of the VMRC commercial landings data              Zostera marina and Ruppia maritima have
                      for the seaside of the Eastern Shore              been depicted in very high densities all
                      indicate that clam harvests have                  along the eastern shore of Chincoteague
                      fluctuated between 75,000 and 620.000             Bay, north of the Town of Chincoteague.
                      pounds (meat weight only) from 1973 to            The Lewis Creek project is the only
                      1992. The trend, however, appears to              maintenance dredging project on the
                      show a severe drop in landings during             Eastern Shore that has the potential to
                      the 1990's.                                       impact submerged aquatic vegetation.
                          While the harvest of natural clam             SAV is very sensitive to changes in water
                      stocks has decreased, aquaculture of              clarity and light penetration through the
                      clams has shown solid growth trends in            water column. Further investigations


                                                                    34









                      may be necessary in order to develop best             skates have also been reported to have a
                      management practices for dredged                      considerable presence within the Eastern
                      material placement near known SAV                     Shore barrier island complex for use as
                      resources.                                            both a nursery and foraging habitat [ 17).
                                                                            These studies have also shown that adult
                      Fishes\Blue Crabs                                     orjuvenile anadromous fishes are
                                                                            generally not present within the barrier
                          The Eastem Shore seaside inlets and               island complm possibly due to the high
                      associated lagoons, or estuaries, provide             and stable salinities found within the
                      important nursery habitat for                         seaside estuaries.
                      commercially and recreationally                          Due to the highly dynamic and
                      important fishes [ 11, 12,251. Specifically,          complex seaside inlets and lagoons, there
                      juvenile summer founder, croaker, and                 is little, if any. site specific information
                      spot have been found to utilize the                   pertaining to the geographic distribution
                      seaside barrier island lagoons. Summer                of certain species and their preferred
                      flounder, one of the more commercially                habitat (i.e. inlets, creeks. lagoons, mud
                      and recreationally valued fishes, migrate             bottom, sandy bottom, etc.). It does
                      seasonally from ocean beaches and                     appear, however, that the majority of
                      estuaries to continental shelf waters.                commercial harvesting of firifish occurs
                      Adults migrate during late fall and winter            within the inlets and along the shallow
                      from their inshore grounds to offshore                waters offshore of the barrier islands.
                      shelf waters where they will remain until             Conversely, the majority of recreational
                      April to June. During the summer                      fisherman concentrate within the
                      months the adults return to shallow                   protected waters behind the barrier
                      coastal waters having salinities greater              islands, but near the oceanic inlets.
                      than 28 o/oo, sandy substrate, and                    Norcross [121 reported capturing juvenile
                      situated in areas having sNvift flowing               flounder exclusively from along the edges
                      waters [ 131. Excellent recreational                  of the sandy inlets and main channels on
                      fishing opportunities exist along the                 the seaside, but also recognized that
                      seaside inlets and main channels.                     extremely young founder may associate
                      Chincoteague and Wachapreague are                     with silty/clay substrate near salt
                      both very popular destinations for                    marshes within the lagoons.
                      founder fishermen.                                       During her 1986-88 study [121,
                          Although eggs and larval stages are               Norcross found that the number of
                      found exclusively in shelf waters, juvenile           species sampled on the seaside showed a
                      founder are found only in the                         strong seasonal component with the
                      estuarine/ coastal environment.                       diversity lowest in February and highest
                      Recruitment of juvenile summer founder                in October. The most abundant group of
                      begins as early as the fall and continues             fish was sciaenids (silver perch, spot,
                      through spring and into the summer                    croaker, weakfish, kingfish. red drum
                      [121. Furthermore. some studies have                  and black drum). Croaker were of the
                      indicated that juvenile summer founder                greatest abundance during the fall of
                      associate with shallow mud bottom                     1986, but were infrequently captured in
                      habitats during their first months of life            the winter and spring. Spot abundance
                      [ 141. The backbay lagoon and inlet                   was high during the spring and summer,
                      environments of seaside provide excellent             while newly recruited silver perch and
                      habitat for both adult and juvenile                   weakfish appeared in late summer and
                      summer flounder.                                      fall.
                          Other researchers [15,16] have                       The blue crab can be found
                      collected 38 and 99 different species of              throughout the barrier island system,
                      fishes from Magothy and Chincoteague                  but fishing or potting pressure generally
                      Bays, respectively. Sharks, rays, and                 occurs during the summer and fall


                                                                       35









                      within the waters immediately adjacent            subaqueous-limited bays within
                      to the navigational channels and                  Accomack County. Spatial limits of
                      naturally occurring inlets and channels.          existing habitat need to be considered
                      The water in which the pots are placed            during the site by site analysis of dredged
                      needs to be deep enough so that at low            material placement options.
                      tide the crabs remain submerged, and                 The majority of the sediments
                      also so that the waterman can easily              dredged from the WCV are fine-grained
                      navigate and fish the pots.                       and susceptible to resuspension after
                         Approximately 4.5 million pounds of            placement from tidal currents and waves.
                      hard blue crabs were commercially                 Waves are -capable of resuspending
                      harvested from the seaside of the Eastern         bottom sediments in the shallow water
                      Shore in 1983. This represents a peak in          environment in which the majority of the
                      the landings data for the period of 1973          dredged materials from the WCV are
                      through 199 1. In 1989 approximately              placed. For some of the smaller bays.
                      2.9 million pounds were reportedly                sediments resuspended from dredged
                      landed, but the total poundage fell to            material placement areas may contribute
                      26,500 by 1991.                                   substantially to the overall increased
                         It is not clear what impacts, if any,          turbidity during a storm event.
                      the placement of dredged material onto            Conversely, resuspended sediments in a
                      intertidal and subtidal habitats has on           large bay such as Hog Island mostly
                      adult and juvenile finfish, and blue crabs        originate from natural bottom deposits.
                      of the Eastern Shore. It is known,                In either case, the shallow water bays
                      however, that overboard placement of              can reach very high water temperatures
                      dredged materials does result in short            during the summer months and
                      term increases in turbidity and nutrient          potentially enter periods of low dissolved
                      levels. and decreased oxygen levels. The          oxygen. Therefore, it may be prudent to
                      depletion of oxygen levels, however,              further limit dredging and placement
                      during dredging operations is localized           activities within small bays and lagoons
                      and of short duration [18,19]. Studies by         to the months of low water temperature.
                      Schubel et al. [201 and Masters [2 11 have
                      both found that high concentrations of            Colonial Waterbirds
                      suspended. fine-grained sediments did
                      not have significant, adverse impacts on             The marsh/lagoon complex through
                      the survival of eggs and larvae of the            which much of the WCV traverses
                      blueback herring, alewife, American               contains hundreds of breeding colonies of
                      shad, yellow perch, white perch, striped          waterbirds. The Virginia Department of
                      bass, and spot. High suspended solids             Game and Inland Fisherieswas
                      levels can , however. adversely impact            subcontracted through this grant to
                      the hatching success, larval development          provide an inventory of the bird colonies
                      and settlement of oysters [ 181.                  adjacent to the WCV. and their preferred
                         The conversion of subaqueous                   habitats [221.
                      habitat to intertidal and emergent habitat            During a 1993-94 survey [221, 270
                      through dredged material placement may            waterbird colonies were identified within
                      have, however. a longer-term impact on            the Eastern Shore barrier
                      the abundance of fishes and crabs. The            island/ marsh/ lagoon complex. An
                      bays and lagoons of the lower Eastern             estimated 62,979 pairs from 23 species
                      Shore (Northampton County) contain                were surveyed, accounting for 72% of the
                      greater areas of subaqueous habitat than          colonial waterbirds known to breed in the
                      the bays behind Metomkin, Assawoman,              coastal plain of Virginia. Large numbers
                      and Wallops Island. Therefore,                    of pairs are found within Cobb Bay, Hog
                      productivity of the lower bays may be             Island Bay, and adjacent to the causeway
                      less impacted than the more                       leading to Chincoteague Island.


                                                                    36









                         The species identifled in the bird            further document any colonial nesting
                     survey [22] can be categorized into three         sites within the project area.
                     groups: 1) wading birds, 2) terns and                 Watts [22], provides several general
                     skimmers, and 3) gulls, pelicans, and             and specific recommendations on how
                     Forster's tems. The wading birds prefer           dredged material placement along the
                     to nest within island and lagoon shrub            WCV can positively impact colonial
                     habitat, dominated by wax myrtle and              waterbirds and/or shorebirds. In
                     saltbush, respectively. The majority of           summary:
                     the wading birds identified in the 1993-              Existing habitat could be enhanced to
                     94 study were found to nest in patches or             better facilitate breeding and/or
                     ridges of saltbush associated with the                foraging by 1) placing sandy material
                     marsh/lagoon complex. Only a fraction                 near the ends of barrier islands to
                     of the available habitat, however, is used            maintain elevation of breeding
                     by waders for nesting. The waders                     grounds, and 2) placing dredged
                     mostly forage within intertidal mudflats              materials on low elevation tidal flats
                     and along the edges of the shallow, open              to increase their frequency of
                     water areas.                                          subaerial exposure, and thereby,
                         Terns and skimmers are found to                   improve foraging opportunities,
                     nest on sandy foredune areas along the                especially within intertidal-limited
                     Atlantic side of the barrier islands and on           lagoons
                     isolated sandy/shell ridges within the                Create new habitat by placing sandy
                     lagoon complex. This type of nesting                  dredged material within open water
                     habitat is also very prevalent and only a             lagoons as emergent islands with a
                     portion of it is utilized by the terns and            minimum surface area of 0.25 ha
                     skimmers for nesting. Open water
                     lacroons behind the barrier islands are               All of the 270 nesting sites identified
                      ID
                     the preferred foraging areas for tems and         in the 1993-94 study have been entered
                     skimmers.                                         into the VMRC mapping system. This
                         The third group of birds - gulls,             will provide a quick and accurate method
                     pelicans. and Forster's terns can be              for identification and location of the
                     found nesting in two separate areas. The          nesting sites found during the 1993-94
                     gulls and pelicans nest in vegetated              assessment, and assist in the process of
                     dunes and swales found mostly along the           selecting placement options and
                     oceanside, while the Forster's terns nest         beneficial uses of dredged materials.
                     in low saltmarsh and elevated marsh
                     ridges in the backbay regions. This
                     group of birds will forage in the surf
                     zone. beach. ocean waters. lagoonal bays
                     and mudflats.
                         It should be noted that not all of the
                     identified nesting sites are occupied on a
                     yearly basis. some colonial nesters move
                     from year to year to new sites. This will
                     have an impact on the restrictions that
                     might be imposed on a particular
                     dredging project within the vicinity of a
                     nest site. In general, projects should be
                     accomplished during the late fall and
                     winter months to avoid the breeding
                     period. For projects that may occur
                     during spring and summer, however, a
                     site by site analysis will be necessary to


                                                                   37










                          IV.      Sediment Evaluation                                in Table 4. Results from the sediment
                                                                                      analysis of the entire sample set can be
                              One of the most important factors in                    found in Appendix B.
                          determining the feasibility of a particular                     A review of the channel sediment
                          placement option, is evaluating the type                    data indicate that a number of channels
                          of sediment being dredged. The grain                        have substantial amounts of sand that
                          size of the sediments to be dredged needs                   could potentially have beneficial uses.
                          to be mapped both horizontally and                          The highest sand percentages (>750/6)
                          vertically so that the type and amounts of                  were Wise Point and Kegotank Bay.
                          material available can be accurately                        Channels with mid-range sand
                          determined. This will dictate, in large                     percentages (25%-75%) included:
                          measure. how the dredged material will                      Magothy Bay, Eckichy Marsh, Gull
                          behave once it is deposited in the marine                   Marsh, North Channel, portions of Sloop
                          environment. Grain size, nominal.side                       Channel, Metomkin Bay, portions of
                          slopes, and mound stability will have a                     Northam Narrows, Bogues Bay, and
                          tremendous influence on the size and                        Lewis Creek. The remainder of the
                          shape of the deposit and, consequently,                     channels. White Trout Creek, Swash Bay,
                          its usefulness as a habitat modifier.                       Bradford Bay, and Burtons Bay averaged
                              Since the nature of the sediment is so                  <25% sand (Table 4).
                          important, this study attempted to
                          characterize the sediments involved in
                          dredging the WCV by systematically
                          sampling each of the shoals that are
                          routinely dredged by the Corps.                             Table 4. Mean Grain Size of WCV
                          However, due to the large area routinely                    Channel Sediments* From Frequently
                          maintenance dredged and the limitations                     Dredged Areas
                          of this study, only the horizontal                                                         Percent
                          variations in sediment size were                                Channel (Shoal)          Sand   Silt    Cla
                          investigated. For more detailed analysis,
                          it will be necessary to map the sediments                       Wise Point               78.1   10.5    11.4
                          of a severely shoaled channel both                              Magothy Bay              39.4   34.6    26.0
                          horizontally and vertically. For the                            Eckichy Marsh            57.2   27.8    15.1
                          purposes of this study, however, the                            Gull Marsh               52.3   29.8    17.9
                                                                                          North Channel            43.1   34.9    22.1
                          sampling scheme provided enough                                 Sloop Channel            31.9   42.8    25.3
                          information to support the proposed                             White Trout Ck           11.6   55.6    32.8
                          evaluation process.                                             Swash Bay                  5.7  55.4    38.9
                              Surface sediment samples were                               Bradford Bav             18.0   50.2    31.8
                          collected with a grab sampler at regular                        Burtons Bay                9.8  52.0    38.2
                          intervals along each section of the           Zn                Metomkin Bay             41.9   32.9    25.2
                                                                                          Kegotank Bay             80.1   11.8      8.2
                          dredged channels. The distance between                          Northam Narrows          50.0   26.1    23.8
                          each sample varied with the length of the                       Bogues Bay               65.5   18.4    16.1
                          channel and ranged between 1000 and                             Lewis Creek              26.2   40.3    33.2
                          2000 feet. The location of each sample                        Based on surface grab samples
                          was determined using a hand held Loran
                          C receiver, The samples were returned to
                          the VIMS Sediment Laboratory where
                          they were analyzed for percent sand, silt,
                          and clay. The sand fraction was then
                          run through a Rapid Sediment Analyzer
                          to determine the sand grain size
                          distribution. The data are summarized




                                                                                  38










                      V. Benthic Evaluation                              sediment which can destroy portions of
                                                                         the population. Second, it changes the
                      Introduction                                       physical structure of the site, i.e.
                                                                         elevation or depth and sediment grain
                         The impact of a project on existing             size.
                      communities is always a major concern                  Recovery from the smothering occurs
                      whenever any type of habitat                       in a number of ways including: vertical
                      modification Is undertaken. In this                migration of the existing benthos,
                      regard, a number of questions need to be           migration of adults from undisturbed
                      asked during the evaluation of each                areas, reproduction and recruitment
                      construction project. Is the habitat that          from undisturbed areas and residual
                      is being affected of greater value than the        populations in portions of the placement
                      one replacing it? Are the acute short-             area [231.
                      term impacts outweighed by the potential               The physical changes in the site
                      long-term benefits? Is there going to be a         indirectly affect recolonization by
                      net benefit to the ecosystem due to this           influencing the types of organisms
                      modification? These questions and                  capable of repopulating the area.
                      others concerning the long- and short-             Changes in elevation from subtidal to
                      term impacts of a project need to be               intertidal, for example, can significantly
                      addressed regardless of the type of                affect the nature of the benthic
                      project in order to ensure the benefits of         community that colonizes the site.
                      a proposed project exceed the potential            Similarly, the sediment composition will
                      detriments.                                        strongly influence the kinds of organisms
                          In the case of the WCV, a number of            that can be recruited to the placement
                      habitat types, including vegetated                 area.
                      wetlands, intertidal mudflats, beaches,                The difficulty comes in assessing the
                      subtidal bottoms and uplands, can                  nature and extent of these impacts on
                      potentially be affected by dredging                the habitats because the resulting
                      projects. Each of these habitat types has          changes in the communities can be very
                      its own inherent set of environmental              subtle and, consequently, difficult to
                      values that will be either lost or                 distinguish from natural variability. In
                      significantly changed if used as a                 addition, benthic studies of this type can
                      dredged material placement site.      Since        be very costly and time consuming.
                      most of the dredging on the WCV involves           What this study sought was a
                      overboard placement on subtidal                    methodology that was reasonably
                      bottoms, it was decided to look at these           sensitive to changes in the environment
                      impacts in some detail. In particular.             and not too laborious or time consuming.
                      there was concern about the value of the           The method selected was the Benthic
                      existing benthic habitat both as a                 Assessment Methodology (BAM), recently
                      commercial shellfish resource and as an            developed at VIMS [241. It was chosen
                      ecological resource which provides                 because it is comparatively easy to
                      foraging and nursery areas for numerous            implement, does not require extensive
                      species of finfish. Of interest were the           taxonomic identification, is responsive in
                      types of conversions that occur when               a timely manner, is not particularly
                      these habitats are used as placement               expensive, and is sensitive to the
                      areas including both community                     anticipated level of impact. This was,
                      responses in the short-term and also the           however, the first use of this method in a
                      long-term recovery prospects.                      marsh/lagoon complex like the Seaside
                          The overboard placement of dredged             of the Eastern Shore.
                      material physically impacts the benthic                The BAM is unique in that it looks at
                      community in two different ways. First,            the long-term stability of the benthic
                      it smothers the existing benthos with              community as a measure of its value or

                                                                     39










                      importance. This evaluation is based on             Methods
                      a number of factors including the depth
                      at which the organisms live, their                      The Magothy Bay sites (Figure 1) were
                      functional life style, the size of the              sampled in May 1995. The new
                      organisms and the percentage of the                 placement area had last been used in
                      biomass found at depth. All of these                December 1993. The old placement area
                      factors imply that large, long-lived, deep          had last been used in 1977. The Swash
                      living organisms are indicators of a                Bay sites (Figure 2) were sampled in
                      degree of equilibrium and long-term                 June 1994. The new placement area had
                      stability in the community. Recently                last been used in April 1993. The old
                      reestablished or stressed benthic                   placement area had last been used in
                      communities tend to be dominated by                 1983. The Lewis Creek sites (Figure 3)
                      small, shallow-living, short-lived                  were sampled in July 1995. The new
                      organisms that might have very high                 placement area had last been used in
                      densities, yet 'are not really indicative of a      August 1992. The old placement area
                      stable community.                                   had last been used in the late 1940's.
                          The BAM technique was utilized in               Two potential placement areas, a control
                      two different ways in this study. First, it         site and a channel station at Ramshorn
                      was used to evaluate short- and long-               Bay (Figure 4) were sampled in July
                      term impacts of overboard dredged                   1995.
                      material placement on the benthic                       The sites at each channel were
                      community at three maintenance                      sampled three times with a 225CM2
                      dredged channels along the WCV,                     (I 5cm x l5cm) box corer to a depth of at
                      Magothy Bay (Figure 1), Swash Bay                   least 15cm. The top 5cm of each core
                      (Figure 2), and Lewis Creek in                      were removed and bagged separately
                      Chincoteague Bay (Figure 3). At each of             from the rest of the 'core. Both sections
                      the channels three stations were selected           were stored on ice in transit. Upon
                      to represent the most recently used                 return to the laboratory both sections
                      placement area, an older placement area             were sieved through a 0.5mm screen.
                      that has not been used in at least ten              The animals in each core section were
                      years, and an undisturbed area that has             enumerated, sized, and weighed and
                      never been used as a placement area.                their life history detennined. These data
                      The purpose of this sampling regime was             were then used to score each core
                      to investigate the short- and long-term             according to the BAM outlined in
                      differences in benthic communities                  Appendix B to determine its numerical
                      among the sites at each channel as                  rating.
                      measured by the BAM technique.                          In addition, sediment cores were
                          It was also used as a planning tool to          taken at each site for analysis of sand,
                      compare and evaluate potential new                  silt, and clay content.
                      placement sites at Ramshorn Bay (Figure
                      4), the site of a proposed channel                  Results
                      relocation. Here, it was used to help
                      determine the relative value of the                     The mean scores for the BAM
                      benthic community at several sites to see           technique and the sediment grain size
                      if any significant differences existed that         analyses for each site at the three
                      might direct the placement away from or             dredged channels have been compiled in
                      towards a particular area as a means of
                      minimizing the impacts.






                                                                      40











                         Figure 1.          Magothy Bay Benthic Assessment Methodology (BAM) Sites.










                                            OUNTONN
                                            COVE




                                                               MAGOTHYBAY







                                                                                                                                         MOC@ORJY ISLAND




                                                                                                                               CABIN   Q
                                                                               BAM I                                           COVE



                                                                                                                                                              PO




                           I.ANDING


                                                                                           BAM 3


                           BULLS
                          LANDING                                                                                                                                   C.
                                                       BAM 2
                          C@S-!61
                                                                                                                                                      @c
                                                                                                                                                              E..




















                                                                                                   41









                       Figure 2. Swash Bay Benthic Assessment Methodology (BAM) Sites.










                                                                                            SM
                                                                                            MIX





                                                                                                   BAM 2
                                                                            (( lid                     PUBLIC GROUND
                                                           BAM 3






                                                                                                                     C@EL


                                                                             SWASH BAY
                                                                            DREDGED MATERIAL
                                                                              PLACEMENT AREA




                                                                                                     @ATIE@EASE


                                                                                  BAM 1





                                                          -n TROUT
                                                            CMEEK


                                                                                                                             0










                                                             ESLOOP
                                                                                                                    BIRD COLONY

                                                                                                                    BENTHIC SAMPLING SITE


                                                                                                                         SCALE: 1:20000
                                                                                                                          1"=1666.66'











                                                                                                   42
  -A










                           Figure 3. Lewis Creek Benthic Assessment Methodology (BAM) Sites.






                                                                           B
                                                                           AM
                                                                            &   2









                                                      CHINCOTEAGUE BAY











                                                                  BAM 1
                                                                                                       BLAKE PT.



                                                                  PLACEMENT
                                                                    AREA



                                                                         264

                                                                                       "14,
                                                   BAM 3
                                                             I        .!j    ,263




                                                                                                            CHINCOTEAGUE ISLAND






















                                                                                                    43









                                       Figure 4. Ramshorn Bay Assessment Methodology (BAM) Sites.














                                                                                  VMS

                                                                                                                                               CKADDINO LAU

                                               509TREX CREEK



                                                                                                8    3








                                                                  IQXTREE
                                                                                                                                     THE QVTLEr



                                                                                  J



                                                                                                                              OUTLET BAY


                                                                                                                              PUBLIC GROUND
                                                    R-ArHORN BAY
                                                                                 9 A/@ 4     BAM I
                                                                                                       BAM 2





















                                                                                               44









                      Table 5. The raw data and BAM                       changes in the physical structure of
                      evaluation scores for each site are                 sediment such as increased amounts of
                      provided in Appendix B along with the               sand and shell might influence the
                      explanation of the methodology.                     results. The trend in these data,
                          Several sample sections from                    however, appears to Indicate that the
                      Magothy Bay were lost. Consequently,                placement areas recover with time.
                      there were only two complete replicates                While the trend remains the same,
                      at the new and old placement sites and              the absolute scores are different at each
                      only one complete replicate at the                  channel. The highest scores, 8.0, 7.7,
                      undisturbed site.                                   and 7.0. indicating good habitats, were
                          The BAM scores were, with one                   found at the Lewis Creek and Swash Bay
                      exception at Magothy Bay, uniformly                 undisturbed sites and the Swash Bay old
                      highest at the undisturbed site and                 placement sites, respectively. With the
                      lowest at the recently used site at each            exception of the recently used site in
                      channel with intermediate values at the             Magothy Bay, all the other scores, 4.0,
                      old placement areas. The percent sand               4.0, 5.0, 5.0. and 5.7, fell in the slightly
                      in the sediment varied considerably                 to moderately disturbed habitat range.
                      among the sites at each channel with no             The lowest score, 1.5, indicating a poor
                      apparent trends.                                    or seriously disturbed habitat was found
                          The results from Ramshorn Bay are               at the recently used site in Magothy Bay.
                      compared in Table 6. The two proposed               This channel also had the lowest score.
                      placement areas and the control site                4.0. for the undisturbed site. These
                      showed very little difference. The station          scores were likely influenced by the lost
                      in the proposed channel appeared to be              core sections and lack of replication at
                      somewhat lower in value according to the            each of the sites. Additionally, the
                      BAM technique. With the exception of                sediments at the undisturbed and old
                      the inshore placement site, the surface             placement sites in Magothy Bay were
                      sediments were also similar.                        very dense, well-consolidated clays that
                                                                          were difficult to penetrate with the box
                      Discussion                                          corer.
                                                                              At Swash Bay, the major differences
                          The average BAM scores follow a                 appear to be between the recently used
                      fairly consistent pattern at each of the            site and the older site and the unused
                      maintenance dredged channels, with the              site. The values of 7.0 and 7.7 at the
                      highest values at the undisturbed site,             latter sites are probably not substantially
                      intermediate values at the old placement            different and are indicative of well-
                      area. and the lowest values at the most             developed habitats according to the BAM.
                      recently used site. The observed pattern            The recently used site scored somewhat
                      in the BAM scores is most likely related            lower in the slightly to moderately
                      to natural recovery processes following             disturbed habitat category. The basic
                      placement but might also reflect changes            difference in the data is the percentage of
                      in the habitat not related to recovery.             biomass below 5cm which is considerably
                          Following a disturbance the habitat             lower in the recently used site. This
                      may or may not be degraded but the                  score, 5.7, could be taken as an
                      community is shifted to some other                  indication that the community is
                      configuration. The recovery process (or             recovering from the disturbance but has
                      movement towards the original                       not had sufficient time for the deep living
                      configuration) may be affected by habitat           biomass to reach undisturbed levels.
                      changes or biotic processes (recruitment,           According to the score of 7.0 for the old
                      competition and predation).                         site, this appears to be achievable over
                          The BAM method was designed to be               time.
                      used in soft-bottom communities and



                                                                     45

















                                                                                                       Table 5.
                                                                     BENTHIC ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY (B.A.M.)
                                                                                                         AND
                                                                                SEDIMENT GRAIN-SIZE SUMMARY


                                                                               Swash Bay                                 Chincoteague Bay                                Magothy Bay


                             Station Type                     B.A.M. Sand            Silt       Clay         B.A.M.        Sand       silt         Clay        B.A.M.       Sand        Silt Clay



                             Undisturbed                      7.7            9.6     57.5       32.9            8.0        30.4       47.9          21.7         4.0        14.1        47.7 37.9



                             Old Disposal                     7.0          24.8      43.1       32.2            5.0        86.6       10.1           0.3         5.0        13.0        42.5 44.5


                             New Disposal                     5.7           9.5      53.7       36.7           4.0         94.8       0.9            4.4         1.5        36.5       44.1 19.4




                             Total BAM score interpretation:
                                      0 - I   Poor habitat, seriously disturbed
                                      2 - 3   Moderately disturbed or stressed habitat
                                      4 - 5   Slightly disturbed to moderately disturbed habitat
                                      6 - 8   Good habitat


















                                                Table6
                              RAMSHORN CHANNEL DATA SUMMARY


                                    B.A.M.                   SEDIMENTS


          Station                  Mean Score          % Sand      % Silt       % Clay

          BAM I - Inshore            7.7                26           57           17
          placement area

          BAM2 - Offshore            6.7                13           47           40
          placement area

          BAM3 - Channel             4.7                18           45           37
          near day marker

          BAM4 - Control             7.0                13           53           34
          west of marsh




          BAM score interpretation:
          0-1 Poor habitat, seriously disturbed
          2-3 Moderately disturbed or stressed habitat
          4-5 Slightly disturbed to moderately disturbed habitat
          6-8 Good habitat






















                                                       47










                        At Lewis Creek in Chincoteague Bay,                Aside from the direct impacts to the
                     the major differences in the cores were           benthos and'from a broader landscape
                     the lack of large, long-lived animals living      perspective, the physical structure of
                     deeper than 5cm in both the new and old           these mounds, i.e. the elevation and
                     placement areas. This may have been               coarser-grained sediments found near
                     influenced by the significantly higher            the discharge. produces pronounced
                     percentages of sand found at these sites,         physiographic differences in otherwise
                     94.8% and 86.6%, as compared to the               homogeneous, shallow, soft-bottom
                     30.4% sand at the undisturbed site                communities typical of bays in the
                     which is the site that scored a perfect           barrier island lagoon system. This
                     average score of 8.0. Perhaps these               structure creates an "edge effect" that
                     sandier sediments were no longer                  may increase diversity within the benthic
                     suitable for colonization by deep                 community resulting from a variety of
                     dwelling, large, long-lived organisms.            sediment types, flne to coarse-grained,
                        The BAM scores at the recently used            and elevational exposures, subtidal to
                     placement areas at Swash Bay, 5.7, and            supratidal. The amount of "edge" and
                     Lewis Creek, 4.0. both indicate only              diversity within the habitat would
                     slightly to moderately disturbed habitat          increase with increasing elevation.
                     values. This indicates a substantial              Increased community productivity is
                     amount of short-term recovery                     often associated with increasingly diverse
                     considering that the dredged material             habitats. Enhanced community
                     had been in place only 14 months at               productivity can, in turn, attract mobile
                     Swash Bay and only 36 months at Lewis             organisms such as blue crabs, fishes,
                     Creek.                                            and shorebirds to forage in the area
                        The data from Ramshorn Bay                     thereby increasing its ecological value.
                     indicate that the benthic communities at
                     the proposed placement locations and
                     the control site are not appreciably
                     different. Hence, because the values are
                     similar, the impacts to the benthic
                     community would be similar and,
                     therefore, would not be a deciding factor
                     in the selection of the placement area.
                         Based on the data to date it appears
                     that this method is capable of discerning
                     differences among similar habitats at a
                     particular channel in a simple,
                     comparatively inexpensive and timely
                     manner. The differences observed may
                     be related. in part, to the differences in
                     the sediments found among the sites at
                     each channel and differences in the
                     communities at the different channels as
                     well as differences in recovery time. All
                     of these factors, however, would combine
                     to make comparisons between channels
                     very difficult.







                                                                    48












                       V1. Beneficial Use Options                              Table 7. Beneficial Uses of Dredged
                               Evaluation                                      Material

                       Introduction                                            PLACENZNT OPTION         BENEFICIAL USE
                                                                               Beach Nourishment         Erosion Control/Avtan
                           Beneficial uses for dredged material                                          Habitat
                                                                               Marsh Toe/Intertidal      Erosion Control/Avian
                       can often be realized by exercising                                               Habitat
                       selected options during its placement.                  Overboard                 Fish Structure/Avian
                       The feasibility of these options depends                                          Habitat
                       on a number of factors associated with a                                          Oyster & Avian Habitat
                       particular dredging project and the                     Marsh Island              Wetland Habitat
                                                                                                         Avian Habitat
                       environmental setting of the site.                      Unconfined Marsh          Avian Nesting Habitat
                       Engineering factors influencing the
                       selection of a placement option include                     Beach nourishment is the placement
                       the pumping distance, volume of                         of reasonably compatible sandy
                       material, type of sediments, placement                  sediments along a high energy shoreline
                       area capacity and cost. The                             to supplement the sediment supply to
                       environmental factors include the                       that reach and help stabilize the location
                       proximity to e2dsting living resources,                 of the shoreline.
                       spawning periods, nesting habitats.                         Colonial waterbird habitat can be
                       water quality concerns and habitat                      developed in a number of ways using
                       modification or destruction. Physical                   dredged material. One method is
                       factors. such as tides, currents, fetch and             ancillary to beach nourishment projects
                       bathymetry are also important because                   where the beaches created are high
                       they influence the behavior of the                      enough and wide enough to provide
                       dredged material during and after                       suitable habitat for terns and skimmers.
                       deposition. If all of these considerations              The creation of island habitats, either
                       can be evaluated and allowances made in                 shelly subaerial sand, sparsely vegetated
                       the plans to accommodate these                          transition zone areas, or shrub
                       restraints, avenues can become available                communities, can provide habitat
                       to make beneficial use of the material.                 capable of accommodating the nesting
                           Because of the variety of habitats and              requirements of terns, skimmers, gulls,
                       resources found along the WCV, there                    pelicans or herons. These isolated marsh
                       are numerous options to make beneficial                 islands also provide a competitive
                       use of the dredged materials from the                   advantage or increased likelihood of
                       waterway. Table 7 lists a number of                     nesting success because of the lack of
                       dredged material placement options that                 mammalian predators. Islands in the
                       could have beneficial impacts. Even with                sense of an isolated habitat type can also
                       this range of options, situations may                   be produced by the unconfined
                       occur where circumstances prevent the                   placement of dredged material in a
                       incorporation of any of these beneficial                monospecific stand of marsh grass.
                       uses into a dredging plan. In these                     These areas provide increased elevation
                       instances, the aim of the dredging                      as protection against flooding, shrub
                       process becomes, simply, to dispose of                  habitat for heron nesting, low ridges for
                       the dredged material in the least                       gull nesting, and some measure of
                       environmentally damaging method.                        predator protection through its
                                                                               remoteness.






                                                                          49









                         Oyster reef development on the WCV            dredged material islands. This
                     involves the construction of an intertidal        complexity allows for the integration and
                     platform from dredged material that can           interaction. of these communities so that
                     then be planted with cultch and seed              the maximum ecological benefit can
                     oysters to initiate the reef The                  accrue to the system.
                     advantages of this type of habitat are
                     that the oysters are not exposed to as            Evaluation Process
                     much predation and disease because
                     they are not submerged as often. This                 In determining the viability of any of
                     elevation also helps to increase growth           these options for beneficial use, the net
                     rates. If quantities of sand are available        environmental impact of the proposal
                     in the dredged material the appropriate           must be considered. The value of the
                     intertidal elevations can usually be              option in terms of increased productivity,
                     achieved during a single placement. If.           improved habitat diversity, shoreline
                     however, there is only a small amount of          protection or economic benefit must be
                     sand. it may take several dredging cycles         weighed against the potential adverse
                     and a number of years to produce a                impacts of the proposal. In the final
                     stable platform of sufficient elevation to        analysis, the placement option needs to
                     provide the foundation for a new reef.            be the most advantageous, least
                         Marsh creation can be achieved by             damaging and most efficient. This
                     either island formation or by the                 analysis involves value judgements by
                     augmentation of an existing shoreline.      It    project managers and decisi   'on makers
                     involves building the material to                 that should endeavor to maximize the
                     elevations above mean tide level where            public and private benefits while
                     the appropriate grasses can be planted            minimizing the public and private
                     and survive. Intertidal wetlands of this          detriments. It is hoped that this report
                     type have considerable habitat value and          provides the baseline information and a
                     can also provide some measure of                  framework or process whereby these
                     protection to eroding shorelines.                 types of decisions can be reached.
                         The concept of island creation                    When planning a particular dredging
                     inherently incorporates the production of         project it will be helpful to follow a
                     all of these habitats: intertidal mudflats,       specific process to evaluate which of the
                     intertidal oyster reefs, vegetated                placement options are potentially viable
                     wetlands. and sandy subaerial transition          and which are not. Figure 6 provides a
                     zones and beach/dune grasses because              flow chart that follows a process whereby
                     the lower elevation habitats must be              placement options can be identified,
                     developed in order to produce the higher          evaluated, and selected for
                     elevation ones (Figure 5). These concepts         implementation. Each of the elements in
                     also apply to situations where the                the chart are described in some detail in
                     dredged material may be placed along an           the following paragraphs.
                     existing shoreline for the development of             The initial step in identifying
                     additional habitat or shoreline                   potential placement options and
                     protection.. It only remains to capitalize        associated beneficial uses for dredged
                     on the availability of these areas by             material according to the process
                     fostering the development of all of the           outlined in Figure 6 is to characterize the
                     potential habitats at a particular site by        material to be dredged. Contaminated
                     placing oyster cultch in the intertidal           sediments would not be available for use
                     areas and planting the vegetation                 in the marine environment, but this
                     appropriate to the existing elevations.           situation rarely occurs on the seaside of
                         All of these community types and              the Eastern Shore due to the pristine
                     attributes contribute to the complexity of        nature of the area. However, there are
                     the environment around one of these               several harbors and creeks (e.g. Oyster


                                                                   50









                                                                                         HYPOTHETICAL
                                                               INTERGRATED HABITAT DREDGED MATERIAL ISLAND


                                                     Subaerial Sand/Shell-Sparse Vegetation
                                       High Marsh S. atterniflora + S. patens                                   4,1                       Upper Limit of
                                           Low Marsh Spartina alterniflora                                                                Mean High Wat
                                                                                                                                          Mean Tide Leve
                                            Oyster Shell Cuitch
                                   Mudflats                                                                                               Mean Low Wate,
                                   Subtidal
                                   Bottom                                                Sandy Material
                                   oale,4
















                                                      10,




                                                             VV


                                                                                                                                          AS'
                                                                      -0


                                                                 -7
                                                                        "nt,


                                                                                                                                    g,
                                                                        @;O'%


                                                                                                                                               Plan Vie
                                                                                                                 4114#

















                                                                                       Figure 5. Dredged material island.







                                                     DDOCESS
                              -IC
                        BENEF 11, AL USEEVALNTIONRI
                                  F
                                     rDredgediValei-ial
                                     o


                                 WPM-

                                                         --)-Upland Disposal


                         )..Beneficial Use Options


                   SAND                SILT                 CLAY
                  Oyster Reef         Oyster Reef     Bird Foraging Habitat
               Bird Nesting Habitat Bird Nesting Habitat Marsh Protection
               Beach Nourishment   Bird Foraging Habitat
                Marsh Creation       Marsh Creation
               Construction Material


                   Beneficial Use Options Available
                                  I              I
                         Site Evaluation and Impact Assessment




         RESOURCE ASSESSMENT PHYSICAL PARAMETERS          ENGINEERLVG
            Benthic/Marine Community    Currents            Site Capacity
               Beach Community           Fetch             Pumping Distance
               Marsh Community         Bathymetry        Geotechnical Properties
               Upland Commun ity       Tide Range              Costs

                                  PREFERRED OPTION
                                          4
                                         RE
                          ENVIRONMENTAL /  GULATORYREVIEW


                           NO +- OPTION ACCEPTABLE
                                          I
                                    BENEFICIAL USE
                                          I
                                     MONITORING


                                     MAINTENANCE
                               Figure 6. Beneficial use evaluation process.

                                          5-2









                      Harbor, upper Parkers Creek) that are             diversity of adjacent habitats also need to
                      known to have undesirable deposits that           be determined.
                      should not be placed within the barrier               A concurrent assessment should also
                      island complex. Upland placement                  be made of the physical nature of the site
                      would be the preferred alternative in this        because this will dictate the stability of
                      type of situation.                                the material once it is placed in the area.
                         A list of beneficial use options               For example, if fine-grained sediments
                      appears below the grain size                      are placed in areas of high currents or
                      determination that is distinguished by            wave action, the likelihood that they will
                      the dominant grain size of the dredged            migrate out of the placement area would
                      material (Figure 6). Each of the listed           be high. The tide range and bathymetiy
                      grain sizes (sand, silt, and clay) respond        or elevations at the placement area are
                      differently to the physical processes             also important because they will help
                      within the marine environment. As a               dictate the capacity of the site as well as
                      result, tide range, fetch. currents. and          the amount of material needed to achieve
                      bathymetry, may limit placement options           a specific change.
                      at a given location. The listed beneficial            The final concurrent assessment
                      uses below each grain size are not                involves the engineering feasibility and
                      definitive, but represent the types of            project costs associated with each
                      projects that we feel have the greatest           potential beneficial use option. After all
                      potential along the WCV.                          of the pertinent information described
                         Once grain size has been determined            above has been obtained and
                      and a list of beneficial use options is           interdependently evaluated, a preferred
                      formulated, a series of concurrent                placement site and beneficial use can be
                      assessments need to be made of the                selected based on the positive and
                      living resources, physical parameters,            negative aspects of that option.
                      and engineering factors (Figure 6). The               The preferred beneficial use option
                      resource assessment should focus on the           would then be introduced to the
                      areas determined to be potential                  regulatory and environmental review
                      placement sites as well as the adjacent           process that is facilitated by the joint
                      areas that could be indirectly impacted.          permit application. If approved, the
                      The previously-discussed benthic                  dredged material would be placed in a
                      assessment method (B.A.M.) is                     manner consistent with the decision
                      recommended for assessing the benthic             rendered during the evaluation process
                      community in and around potential                 depicted in Figure 6. Monitoring and
                      placement areas located on subaqueous             possible maintenance of a placement site
                      bottoms. Other recommended resource               may be necessary in order to sustain the
                      assessments would include colonial                intended beneficial use.
                      waterbirds and shorebirds: evaluating                 The one aspect of the management
                      public grounds/private leases and                 process for the beneficial use of dredged
                      shellfish repletion sites, as well as other       material that has been neglected the
                      marine flora and fauna; and evaluating            most is monitoring. This is an important
                      potential impacts to adjacent marshes             consideration in dynamic systems like
                      and uplands.                                      Seaside's barrier islands. The complex
                         All of the potential community types -         physical and biological processes that
                      benthic, marsh, beach and upland, have            define this type of system can often
                      ecological values that will be affected.          modify the value of once productive
                      These impacts need to be quantified and           placement areas through erosion or
                      factored into the decision-making                 vegetative succession, for example. It is
                      process. If a specific type of habitat is         vital to the continued success of
                      being proposed as a beneficial use, the           beneficial use projects that monitoring be
                      proximity of similar habitats and the             incorporated into the construction plan


                                                                    53









                      so that its success can be evaluated and            would require several placement cycles to
                      also to identify future measures that               accumulate enough material to reach the
                      might be necessary to maintain or even              intertidal elevations necessary for oyster
                      enhance the beneficial use of a particular          reef development. This would also
                      project.                                            require long-term commitments from all
                                                                          three parties for the eventual success of
                      Application of the Evaluation Process               the project.
                      Oyster Reef Development                                 The Corps agreed to continue to place
                                                                          the dredged material at the same location
                          A previous effort that produced the             to allow the material to accumulate in
                      Swash Bay Dredged Material Placement                the highest profile possible and to make
                      Area Management Plan is an example of               every effort to provide cultch for the area
                      how this type of process can be used to             once a sufficient intertidal area had been
                      optimize benefits. It was developed as a            built. They also agreed to periodically
                      joint effort by the Corps. the Virgi nia            survey the placement area to document
                      Marine Resources Commission, and the                its behavior between placement episodes.
                      Virginia Institute of Marine Science. It            VMRC agreed not to lease the area for
                      involved the development of a new                   oyster production as long as it is actively
                      dredged material placement area using               being used as a placement area by the
                      beneficial uses because the old area had            Corps. VIMS agreed to provide
                      been leased for oyster production.                  monitoring with funding from the Corps.
                          Swash Bay is one of the shallow bays                The monitoring of the first placement
                      along the WCV that is routinely dredged             episode in 1993 has produced a
                      by the Corps (See Plate 7). Since its               substantial amount of information on the
                      construction in 1957, the Corps has used            recovery of the benthic community. the
                      a combination of overboard, unconfined              distribution of surface sediment   ' types.
                      marsh and diked marsh disposal sites for            and the behavior of the sediment mound
                      the dredged material.                               as it responds to the physical
                          Oysters on the Seaside of the Eastern           environment of Swash Bay.
                      Shore grow almost exclusively in the                    Preliminary results from that study
                      intertidal zone where they are less                 indicate that the intertidal area of the
                      susceptible to diseases and predators.              mound created from dredged materials
                      The previous placement episodes had                 decreased in size from 1.93 acres to 0.41
                      created a large number of intertidal                acres over a 14-month period [6]. This
                      hummocks covered with shell that began              type of geophysical information will prove
                      to support populations of oysters. In               useful when attempting to design and
                      1985, the entire placement area was                 build a dredged material placement site
                      leased from the State for shellfish                 with specific goals in mind. Other
                      cultivation (See Figure 2). As a                    results of the stud indicate a relatively
                                                                                              Y
                      consequence, it was no longer available             short-term recovery of the benthic
                      for dredged material placement. This                community that was covered by the
                      precipitated the need to develop a new              dredged material [ 191.
                      overboard placement site.                               The material from the next dredging
                          Because of the potential for oyster             cycle will be placed on top of the existing
                      habitat creation demonstrated by the                mound in the continuing effort to develop
                      past practices, the Corps decided to                a stable platform within the intertidal
                      pursue oyster reef development in Swash             zone that can serve as the foundation for
                      Bay as a beneficial use. Unfortunately,             an oyster reef. Once future placements
                      the analysis of the sediments to be                 produce an intertidal area of roughly ten
                      dredged indicated they were very fine-              acres, the plan calls for the area to be
                      grained (approximately 6% sand). This               cultched to initiate the reef development.



                                                                      54



















                                                                                              0
                                                                                              IA




                                                                    Dredged Channel                                                                        Dredged Channel
                                                                                                                           w



                                                                                           00
                                               r
                                                                                                                                                                                      M
                                                                                                                                                                                       o
                         M                                                 8
                                               r+ m










                                 CL


                                                                                              0
                                 m

                         tA      m
                         LA                                                                5 'A
                         Z       w                                                            m
                         M                                                                 0-
                                 0


                         0       0                                 Dredged Channel
                                                                                                                                                           Dredged Channel
                         VI
                         :r
                                                                                           010
                                               06                                          06
                                                                                                                                        !LI
                                                                                                                                           0
                                               0
                                                                                           0                                                                                        0
                                                                                                              M
                                                             \\, N









                      At this point the placement area would              associations, local government, and any
                      be moved to a new area and the process              other party that might have an interest in
                      begun again.                                        the seaside. Conducted on the shore,
                         This process would be repeated as                this initial step would allow groups the
                      necessary to accommodate the volume of              opportunity to review a given project and
                      material that needed to be dredged. Once            make recommendations on potential
                      all of the area available for reef                  beneficial uses of the dredged material.
                      development has been utilized, it                   VMRC would oversee these proceedings.
                      becomes necessary to reuse the original                Phase two of the evaluation process
                      sites in the order they were developed.             would involve a "Beneficial Use
                      Existing oyster and shell resources would           Development Team" comprised of
                      be stripped from the reef and additional            regulatory and advisory individuals that
                      dredged material pumped into place. This            would normally participate in the Norfolk
                      additional material would help maintain             District dredging management process.
                      the required intertidal elevations by               The team would follow the procedures
                      offsetting the long-term consolidation              outlined in this project in an effort to
                      and erosion processes that would tend to            identify the best possible use of dredged
                      lower the elevation of the reef. After the          materials. The comments and
                      appropriate elevations and area have                recommendations obtained during the
                      been reestablished the reef would then be           public review phase would be considered
                      replanted with cultch and seed. A                   during this process. Final site selections
                      schematic of this process is presented in           for the placement of dredged material
                      Figure 7.                                           would then be subjected to the existing
                                                                          regulatory/environmental review process.
                      Planning Process

                          The recommended beneficial use
                      evaluation process and dredged material
                      placement site selection utilizes a team
                      approach, Moreover, we recommend a
                      two phase evaluation for each WCV
                      dred ing project, as each project comes
                           9 't,
                      up for review. The first phase or "public
                      review" would invite non-regulatory
                      groups such as working watermen,
                      wildlife conservation organizations,
                      recreational and commercial fishing

















                                                                      56









                     VH.     SI'MM=7                                 subaerial sand and shell. This structural
                                                                     complexity and habitat diversity allow
                        This project has centered on                 ecological processes to integrate and
                     developing a beneficial use evaluation          interact producing a habitat complex
                     process whereby each project could be           with an ecological value greater than that
                     reviewed on a individual basis, its             of the individual habitats.
                     benefits and detriments assessed,                   The Benthic Assessment Method
                     resource tradeoffs evaluated, and               (BAM) selected to monitor the recovery of
                     placement option(s) agreed upon through         the benthic communities at the
                     a consensus process. The beneficial use         placement sites appeared to be capable of
                     evaluation process has been presented in        discerning differences among the sites at
                     Chapter VI. It is the recommendation of         each of the dredged channels. The
                     this study that the described process, or       assessment scores with one exception
                     a similiar version. be adopted by the           followed the same pattern where the
                     Corps and collectively exercised by the         highest values were found at the
                     various regulatory, environmental, and          undisturbed sites, the lowest values at
                     advisory groups within Virginia.                the most recently used sites, and
                        As part of this process, future              intermediate values for the older
                     dredging and dredged material placement         placement sites. The absolute values of
                     projects that are designed to provide           the BAM scores, however, varied
                     specific beneficial uses should be              considerably among the channels and
                     formally designated as construction             were not necessarily comparable. The
                     projects. This would emphasize the              scores indicated both short and long
                     positive aspects of the beneficial use and      term recovery at all of the channels
                     connote the fact that something is being        except one. The differences observed
                     built. As such. it is imperative that the       appeared, for the most part, to be
                     design be properly engineered and the           attributable to differences in sediment
                     placement plan be specifically followed by      grain size, benthic community type and
                     the dredging contractor. Oversight by           age of the placement area.
                     members of the Beneficial Use
                     Development Team would also be helpful
                     to address unforseen contingencies that
                     might arise during construction.
                        The placement of dredged material
                     can be specifically managed in a number
                     of ways to produce important habitat
                     features such as oyster reefs and colonial
                     waterbird nesting habitat. Additionally,
                     the construction of islands from dredged
                     material placement, regardless of the
                     intended purpose, can contribute to the
                     ecology of the landscape in numerous
                     ways due to the structure and -edge
                     effect" it creates in the landscape. Other
                     types of placement areas produce similar
                     impacts to a greater or lesser extent.
                     This structure fosters a diversity that
                     would not otherwise occur at the site
                     because any island is necessarily made
                     up of a number of habitat components
                     such as shallow subtidal bottom,
                     intertidal flats, vegetated wetlands, and


                                                                  57









                  Acknowledgment: Virtually all the documentation on dredging and material placement
                  in the WCV is either U.S. Army Corps of Engineers reports or reports prepared for the
                  Corps. In addition to providing documentation, the project has been specifically
                  assisted by T. D. Woodward, Elizabeth Grey Waring, Roger Pruhs, and Ronald G. Vann
                  of the Norfolk District.
                      We wish to thank Rick Kellam, R.A- Parks, Sid Adams, Hank Badger, Benny Stagg,
                  and Paul Rogers from VMRC for assistance in the field and computerized map
                  development: Janet Nestlerode, Giancarlo Cicchetti, Beth Hinchey. and Randy Cutter for
                  their assistance with the benthic sampling, Mark Luckenbach and Read Bonniwell for
                  their exceptional logistical support: Robert Diaz for assistance in the adaptation of the
                  BAM method which he initiated; Harold Burrell and Diana Taylor for the Figures and
                  Plates, Diane Perry for word processing, Ruth Hershner for final report preparation and
                  Wanda Cohen for her help with publishing this report.









































                                                             58









                      References                                             [8] Aquatic Reef Habitat Plan -
                                                                             Agreement Commitment Report,
                      III Garbarino, S. D., R. N. Blama, M. C.               Chesapeake Bay Program, Annapolis,
                      Landin, and T. R. Patin, 1994,                         Maryland, October 1994.
                      Environmental Restoration and
                      Enhancement Using Dredged Material                     [9] Martin, Richard W., 1995,
                      in Chesapeake Bay, Maryland, In: Proc.                 Opportunities in Aquaculture, Sea
                      Dredging 1994, pp 384-395.                             Technology, Vol. 36, No. 9, pp 59-63.

                      [21 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers,                      [101 Orth, R.J., J.F. Nowak, G.F.
                      1976, Delaware Bay--Chesapeake Bay                     Anderson, D.J. Wilcox, J.R. Whiting,
                      Waterway in Delaware, Maryland and                     and L.S. Nagey. 1995. Distribution of
                      Virginia (Delmarva Waterway), General                  Submerged Aquatic Vegetation in the
                      Design Memorandum Phase 1. Draft                       Chesapeake Bay and Tributaries and
                      Environmental Impact Statement,                        Chincoteague Bay - 1994. Virginia
                      Philadelphia District, Corps of                        Institute of Marine Science, Gloucester
                      Engineers.                                             Point, VA 23062. 277 pp.

                      [31 Century Engineering, Inc., 1983,                   [111 Norcross, Brenda L., 1988,
                      Engineering Analysis to Provide Short-                 Development of Models Relating
                      Term and Long-Term Maintenance                         Environmental Variations with Strength
                      Dredging and Disposal Alternatives for                 of Recruitment of Virginia's Populations
                      Several Shoals on the Upper Reaches of                 of Croaker, Summer Flounder and Spot,
                      the Federal Navigation Project--WCV,                   Special Report.
                      Towson, Maryland.
                                                                             121 Norcross, B. L., and D. Hata, 1990,
                      [41 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers.                      Seasonal Composition of Finfish in
                      1994, Data Compilation on Volumes                      Waters Behind the Virginia Barrier
                      Dredged and Placement Sites (with                      Islands, Virginia Journal of Science, Vol.
                      update by T.D. Woodward). Norfolk                      4 1. pp 441-46 1.
                      District.                                              1131 Powell, A. B., and F. J. Schwartz,
                      [51 Sea Grant Marine Advisory Program,                 1977, Distribution of Paralichthid
                      198 1, The Present and Potential                       Flounders (Bothidae: Paralichthys) in
                      Productivity of the Baylor Grounds in                  North Carolina Estuaries, Chesapeake
                      Virginia, Applied Marine Science and                   Science, Vol 18, pp 334-339.
                      Ocean Engineering. Vol. 243.
                                                                             1141 Norcross, B. L.. and David M.
                      [61 Priest. Walter I., Christopher W.                  Wyansku, 1993, Interannual Variation in
                      Frye, and Janet Nestlerode, 1995, Use                  the Recruitment Pattern and Abundance
                      of Dredged Material For Oyster Habitat                 of Age-0 Summer Flounder, Paralichthys
                      Creation in Coastal Virginia, In: Proc.                dentatus, in Virginia Estuaries, Fishery
                      Oyster Reef Habitat Restoration-A                      Bulletin, Vol. 92, pp 591-598.
                      Synopsis and Synthesis of Approaches,
                      April 23-26,1995, Williamsburg, VA.                    1151 Swartz, Frank J.. 196 1, Fishes of
                                                                             Chincoteague Bay and Sinepuxent
                      [71 Fishery Independent Standing Stock                 Bays, The American Midland Naturalist,
                      Surveys of Oyster Populations in                       Vol. 65 (2). pp 384-408.
                      Virginia, Chesapeake Bay Stock
                      Assessment Committee. Annapolis,
                      Maryland, October 1995.



                                                                       59










                     161 Kimmel, Joseph J., 1973, Food               1241 Diaz, R.J. and A. Maxemchuck-
                     and Feeding of Fishes from Magothy              Daly, in prep. Benthic Assessment
                     Bay, Virginia, M.S. Thesis, Old                 Method: A Rapid Approach to
                     Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia.         Environmental Impact Assessment.
                                                                     Virginia Institute of Marine Science,
                     1171 Hoese, H. Dickson, 1962, Sharks            Gloucester Point, VA.
                     and Rays of Virginia's Seaside Bays,
                     Chesapeake Science, Vol 3., No. 3. pp           [251 Richards, C.E. and M. Castagna.
                     166-172.                                        1970. Marine Fishes of Virginia's
                                                                     Eastern Shore (Inlet and Marsh, Seaside
                     [181 Stem, E. M. and W. B. Stickley,            Waters). Chesapeake Science, Vol. 11,
                     1978, Effects of Turbidity and                  No. 4, pp 235-248.
                     Suspended Material in Aquatic
                     Environments: Literature Review.
                     Technical Report D-78-2 1. U.S. Army
                     Corps of Engineers.

                     119] Durand, J. B. and J. Gabry, 1981,
                     Overboard Disposal of Dredge Material,
                     Rutgers University, Fourth Annual
                     Report prepared for NJDEP.

                     [201 Schubel, J. R., A. H. Auld, and G.
                     M. Schmidt, 1974, Effects of
                     Suspended Sediment on the
                     Development and Hatching Success of
                     Yellow Perch and Striped Bass Eggs.
                     Ches. Bay Institute Special Report No.
                     35.

                     [2 1 ] Masters, Meryl A., 1982, The
                     Effects of Dredge Material (Suspended
                     Solid Phase) on the Hatching Success of
                     Spot Eggs, M.S. Thesis, Old Dominion
                     University. Norfolk, Virginia.

                     (221 Watts, Bryan D., 1994.
                     Distribution of Colonial Waterbirds on
                     the Eastern Shore of Virginia:
                     Implications For Beneficial Uses of
                     Dredge Material. Special Report,
                     Virginia Department of Game and
                     Inland Fisheries, Richmond, Virginia.

                     [23] Maurer, D., R.T. Keck, J.C.
                     Tinsman, and W.A. Leathem, 1982.
                     Vertical Migration and Mortality of
                     Benthos in Dredged Material: Part III-
                     Polychaeta. Marine Environmental
                     Research, Vol 6, pp 49-68.




                                                                66




 I
 I
 I                                                                APPENDIX A
 I              Channel Sediment Grain Size Composition
 I
 I
 I
 I
 I
 I
 I
 I
 I
 I
 I
 I
 I



 .4










                Appendix A - Page 1
                                     Channel sediment composition from the WCV.


                Channel              Sample        % Gravel    % Sand       % Slit     % Clay


                Wise Point           WCV 2               0.2%      83.6%        5.0%       11.2%
                                     WCV 4               0.8%      93.4%        1.5%       4.3%
                                     WCV 6               0.0%      94.7%        0.1%       5.2%
                                     WCV 8               2.0%      92.7%        0.3%       5.0%
                                     wCV 10              2.7%      92.1%        0.5%       4.7%
                                     WCV 12              0.0%      92.9%        1.7%       5.4%
                                     WCV 14              0.4%      95.4%        0.2%       4.0%
                                     WCV 16              0.0%      83.7%        7.5%       8.8%
                                     WCV 18              3.3%      91.9%        0.4%       4.4%
                                     WCV 20              1.4%      69.2%       13.0%       16.4%
                                     WCV 22              1.5%      46.1%       31.3%       21.1%
                                     WCV 24              0.2%      42.6%       30.1%       27.1%
                                     WCV 26              0.0%      23.9%       45.2%       30.9%
                Magothy Bay          WCV 28              0.0%      58.3%       24.2%       17.5%
                                     WCV 30              0.2%      53.8%       28.0%       18.0%
                                     WCV 32              0.1%      77.0%       11.7%       11.2%
                                     WCV 34              0.0%      63.4%       22.3%       14.3%
                                     WCV 36              0.0%        3.4%      54.5%       42.1%
                                     WCV 38              0.1%      11.6%       50.6%       37.7%
                                     WCV 40              0.1%        7.4%      51.1%       41.4%
                Eckichy Marsh        WCV 42              0.0%      50.8%       28.8%       20.4%
                                     WCV 44              0.0%      69.5%       17.5%       13.0%
                                     WCV 46              0.0%      64.4%.      22.6%       13.0%
                                     NVCV 48             0.0%      50.5%       34.9%       14.6%
                                     WCV 50              0.0%      56.9%       31.6%       11.5%
                                     WCV 52              0.0%      56.9%       26.1%       17.0%
                                     WCV 54              0.0%      41.6%       40.9%       17.5%
                                     WCV 56              0.0%      66.6%       19.8%       13.6%
                Gull Marsh           WCV 58              0.0%      40.4%       37.5%       22.1%
                                     WCV 60              0.0%      76.5%       12.4%       11.1%
                                     WCV 62              0.0%      32.3%       43.7%       24.0%
                                     WCV 64              0.0%      69.9%       19.0%       11.1%
                                     WCV 66              0.0%      43.1%       36.2%       20.7%
                                     WCV 68              0.0%      60.4%       26.4%       13.2%
                                     WCV 70              0.0%      43.2%       33.5%       23.3%
                North Channel        WCV 72              0.0%      32.5%       42.6%       24.9%
                                     WCV 74              0.2%      33.3%       40.1%       26.4%
                                     WCV 76              0.1%      44.1%       34.2%       21.6%
                                     WCV 78              0.0%      40.8%       35.5%       23.7%
                                     WCV 80              0.0%      46.6%       31.7%       21.7%
                                     WCV 82              0.0%      60.7%       25.0%       14.3%










                Appendix A - Page 2


                Channel             Sample         % Gravel    % Sand       % Silt     % Clay

                Sloop Channel       WCV 84              0.0%       67.0%       21.2%      11.8%
                                    WCV 85              0.0%       48.0%       33.6%      18.4%
                                    WCV 86              0.1%       51.6%       31.4%      16.9%
                                    WCV 87              0.0%       45.1%       36.7%      18.2%
                                    WCV 88              0.0%       20.6%       46.1%      33.3%
                                    WCV 89              0.0%       13.8%       55.5%      30.7%
                                    WCV 90              0.0%       10.2%       54.5%      35.3%
                                    WCV 91              0.0%       10.8%       55.6%      33.6%
                                    WCV 92              0.0%       19.9%       50.5%      29.6%
                White Trout Ck      WCV 114             0.0%       27.9%       43.8%      28.3%
                                    WCV 115             0.0%        4.0%       52.9%      43.1%
                                    WCV 116             0.0%        4.9%       63.2%      31.9%
                                    WCV 117             0.0%        9.4%       62.6%      28.0%
                Swash Bay           WCV 118             0.0%        3.3%       57.3%      39.4%
                                    WCV 119             0.0%        7.5%       59.4%      33.1%
                                    WCV 120             0.0%        3.6%       53.8%      42.6%
                                    WCV 121             0.0%        4.6%       56.5%      38.9%
                                    WCV 122             0.0%        9.4%       50.2%      40.4%
                Bradford Bay        WCV 123             0.0%       33.9%       40.6%      25.5%
                                    WCV 124             0.0%       11.7%       56.6%      31.7%
                                    WCV 125             0.0%        3.0%       57.4%      39.6%
                                    WCV 126             1.2%       32.9%       40.9%      25.0%
                                    WCV 127             0.0%        7.3%       55.7%      37.0%
                Burtons Bay         WCV 128             0.0%        3.4%       51.5%      45.1%
                                    WCV 129             0.0%        7.8%       56.6%      35.6%
                                    WCV 130             0.0%        2.1%       56.3%      41.6%
                                    WCV 131             0.0%        0.5%       50.0%      49.5%
                                    WCV 132             0.0%        4.2%       53.1%      42.7%
                                    WCV 133             0.0%        8.9%       54.7%      36.4%
                                    WCV 134             6.9%       12.6%       53.6%      26.9%
                                    WCV 135             0.0%       31.4%       40.5%      28.1%
                Teagles Ditch       WCV 136             0.0%       14.9%       54.0%      31.1%
                Cedar Island Bay    WCV 137             0.9%       37.3%       31.4%      30.4%
                Metomkin Bay        WCV 138             0.6%       93.4%         3.0%       3.0%
                                    WCV 139             0.0%       34.8%       39.7%      25.5%
                                    WCV 140             0.0%       19.3%       47.0%      33.7%
                                    WCV 141             0.0%        1.2%       46.3%      52.5%
                                    WCV 142             0.0%        1.6%       50.1%      48.3%
                                    WCV 143             0.0%       15.2%       56.8%      28.0%
                                    WCV 144             0.0%       88.5%         9.3%       2.2%
                                    WCV 145             0.0%       80.3%       11.3%         8.4%










               Appendix A - Page 3


               Channel             Sample        % Gravel    % Sand      % Silt    % Clay


               Kegotank Bay        WCV 146            0.0%      93.4%       3.3%        3.3%
                                   WCV 147            0.0%,     72.8%      16.7%       10.5%
                                   WCV 148            0.5%      65.0%      21.9%       12.6%
                                   WCV 149            8.1%      80.4%       5.2%        6.3%
               Northam Narrows     WCV 150            0.0%      95.4%       2.1%        2.5%
                                   WCV 151            1.3%      94.8%       1.3%        2.6%
                                   WCV 152            5.3%      88.3%       2.4%        4.0%
                                   WCV 153            0.2%      11.2%      52.0%       36.6%
                                   WCV 154            0.0%        1.2%     52.5%       46.3%
                                   WCV 155            0.0%        2.7%     46.4%       50.9%
               Bogues Bay          WCV 156            2.4%      85.8%       5.9%        5.9%
                                   WCV 157            0.0%      57.8%      23.8%       18.4%
                                   WCV 158            0.0%      50.6%      25.5%       23.9%
               Lewis Creek         WCV 159            0.0%      84.4%       6.8%        8.8%
                                   WCV 160            0.2%      57.0%      21.9%       20.9%
                                   WCV 161            0.0%        5.6%     52.2%       42.2%
                                   WCV 162            0.0%      16.8%      46.7%       36.5%




 I
 I                                                                   APPENDIX B
 I               Benthic Assessment Method (B. A. M.)
 I
 I
 I
 I
 I
 I
 I
 I
 I
 I
 I
 I
 I

 I



 @4










                    Benthic Assessment Method (BAM)

                    Rapid bioassessment needs to be:
                         1. Reliable at telling impact from non-impact
                         2. Able to identify impacts from the same disturbance in different communities
                         3. Affordable, minimize the need for special equipment and taxonomic
                            expertise
                         4. Rapid return of data and answer
                         5. Understandable by non-expert

                    Approach to calibration of BAM:
                         1. Select known impacted sites
                         2. Select natural undisturbed areas as reference points
                         3. Establish range of variability in time and space
                         4. Determine influence of salinity, sediment. and other special environmental
                            conditions that could modify the method
                         5. Set maximum value for the index in different habitats


                    The Benthic Assessment Method:
                         1. Developed for use in soft bottom estuarine habitats
                         2. Is a stepped approach with three levels:
                              1. Evaluation
                              2. Identification
                              3. Biomass determination
                         3. Is based on the premise that healthy areas contain well developed and
                            diversely-functioning communities
                         4. Disturbed areas have communities with altered functions


                    The BAM needs the following data:
                         1. Benthic samples, anywhere frorn 0.02 to 1.0 m2
                         2. Sampler can be a diver core, box core, or grab with an opening top that can
                            be SUb-cored
                         3. Depth of sample needs to be about 15 cm; sample needs to be sectioned
                          . into a 0-5 cin layer and a >5 em layer
                         4. Sieve size should be 0.5 mm, standard in estuarine work, for the 0-5 cm layer;
                            A 1.0 mm. sieve can be used for the >5 cm layer
                         5. Replicate samples are needed at a site to assess the average condition.

                    Application of the Benthic Assessment Procedure

                    Phase I - BAM - Evaluation
                       Sieve, Look, and Score:
                       Is the fauna in the >5 cm section?       yes - 1      no - 0
                       Is fauna in the >5 cm section large?     yes - 1      no - 0
                                   (>2 cm long)

                    Phase 11 - BAM - Identification
                    From the same samples, identify to major group and determine
                    functional life style.
                         If present, then score:
                              Only surface dwellers      0
                              Small burrowers            1
                              long-lived large fauna     2












            Phase III - BAM - Biomass determination
                From the same samples determine the biomass of each layer.
                   0-5 cm layer + >5 cm layer = 100% of biomass

            Score percentage of biomass in the >5 cm layer as:
                   0-10%     0
                 10-20%      1
                 20-50%      2
                 50-80%      3
                 80-100%     4


            Add scores from all three phases to get BAM assessment value.


            For Virginia estuaries the operational ran-se of scores can be from 0 to 8.
                                       zn

            In general, scores indicate:
                0-1    Poor habitat, seriously disturbed
                2-3    Moderately disturbed or stressed habitat
                4-5    Slightly disturbed to moderately good habitat
                6-8    Good habitat


            Interpretation needs to be based on the possible range of BAM conditions
            within the system being studied.









                                                     MAGOTHY BAY B.A.M. DATA - 4 MAY 1995


                              Site             Core           Fauna        Is fauna -[-Fauna           Section       Total              C"o         Total       ornments:
                                               section        present in   in >5 cm life stule         biomass       Biomass        biomass         BAM
                                               I            I >5cm?        h                          1(34)          fie)           in >5 cm       Score*
                              New              0 - 5 cm.      yes (1)      no (0)        small         0.911         0.951            4.2%           (2)        sfc biomass
                              Placement                                                  burrowers                                      (0)                     does not
                              Area                                                                                                                              include
                                                                                                                                                                Nassarius
                                               >5 cm                                                   0.040                                                    (9.043g with
                                                                                                                                                                6 Nassarius)
                                               0 - 5 cm       no (0)                     small         0.293         0.293              0%           (1)
                                                                                         burrowers                                      (0)
                                                                                         (1)
                                               >5 cm                                                   0.000


                                               0 - 5 cm       yes (1)      no (0)        small                                                                  top sectio n
                                                                                         burrowers                                                              of sample
                                                                                         (1)                                                                    missing
                                               >5 cm                                                   0.246


                              Undisturbed      0 - 5 cm,      yes (1)      no (0)        small         2.385         4.131            42.3%          (4)
                              Area                                                       burTowers                                      (2)


                                               >5 cm                                                   1.746


                                               0 - 5 cm       yes (1)      no (0)        small         0.701                                                    bottom
                                                                                         burrowers                                                              section of
                                                                                                                                                                sample
                                                                                                                                                                missinc,
                                               >5 cm


                                               0 - 5 cm       yes (1)      no (0)        small                                                                  top section
                                                                                         burrowers                                                              of sample
                                                                                         (1)                                                                    missing
                                               >5 cm                                                   0.227


                              Old              0 - 5 cm       yes (1)      no (0)        small         0.530         2.452            78.417v        (5)        sfc biomass
                              Placement                                                  burrowers                                      (3)                     does not
                              Area                                                                                                                              include
                                                                                                                                                                Nassarius
                                               >5 cm                                                   1.922                                                    (3.707g with
                                                                                                                                                                2 Nassarius)
                                               0 - 5 eni      yes (1)      no (0)        smill                                                                  top section
                                                                                         burrowers                                                              of sample
                                                                                         (1)                                                                    missing
                                               >5 cm                                                   1.878


                                               0 - 5 cm       yes (1)      no (0)        small         0.195         0.373            47.7%          (5)
                                                                                         burrowers                                      (3)


                                               >5 cm                                                   0.178




                                  Total BANI score interpretation:
                                           0 - I   Poor habitat. seriously disturbed
                                           2 - 3   Moderatelv disturbed or stressed habitat
                                           4 - 5   Slizhtlv disturbed to moderaLeiv disturbed habitat
                                           6 - 8   Good habitat









                                                                  SWASH BAY B.A.M. RESULTS - JUNE 1994


                                                                   Core           is fauna        Is fauna           Fauna           Section          Total             %              Total
                             Site             Replicate         Section           present         in >5cm            lifestyle       biomass          biomass        biom    ass       BAM              Comments:
                                                                                  in>5cm?           laree?                      I       (P)            (V)           in >5 cm         score
                             New                     1          0 - 5 cm.         yes (1)         yes (1)            small           1.3330           2.0137            34%              (S)
                                                                                                                     burrowm
                        Placement                               > 5 cm                                                (1)            0.6807                             (2)
                             Area                    2          0 - 5 cm          yes (1)         yes (1)            long-lived      0.5582           1.9984            72%              M              large Nereis
                                                                                                                     large fauna
                                                                > 5 cm                                                (2)            1.4402
                                                     3          0 - 5 cm          yes (1)         yes (1)            small           0,5613           1.0661            47r/,.           (S)
                                                                                                                     burrowers
                                                                > 5 cm                                                (1)            0.50,48                            (2)
                       Undisturbed                   1          0 - 5 cm          yes (1)         yes (1)            long-lived      0.4827           7.0717            93%                             large Nereis
                                                                                                                     large fauna
                             Area                               > 5 cm                                                (2)            6.5890                             (4)
                                                     2          0-5cm             yes (1)         yes (1)            IQ g-lived      0.6338           3.9136            831/r.           (8)            large Nereis
                                                                                                                     larigle fauna
                                                                > 5 cm,                                               (2)            3.2798                             (4)
                                                     3          0 - 5 cm          yes (1)         yes (1)            t'Sniall        0.2770           2.1408            87 rk            M
                                                                                                                     UMI%*"S
                                                                > 5 cm                                                (1)            1.8638                             (4)
                             Old                     1          0 - 5 cm          yes (1)         yes (1)            bsmall          0.6379           4.2831            85%              M
                        Placement                               > 5 cm                        1                       (1)            3.6452                             (4)                       1
                             Area                    2          0 - 5 c m         yes (1)         yes (1)            Iong-lived      10.5559          14.7868           29@i             (6)            laree Nereis.
                                                                                                                     large fauna
                                                                > 5 cm                                                (2)            4.2309                             (2)                             holothuroidea
                                                                                                                     lone-lived      0.427                                   C/C.        (8)            lar-e Nereis
                                                                                                                                              3       13.1988           97
                                                     3          0 - 5 cm           es (1)         yes (1)            [urge fuuna              .-
                                                                > 5 cm                                                (2)            12.7715                            (4)                                 small
                                                                                                              J                                                                                         Mercenaria



                          Total BAM           score interpretation:
                                     0- 1         Poor habitat. seriously disturbed
                                     2 - 3        I'vloderatelv disturbed or stressed habitat
                                     4 - 5        Sli2htly disturbed to moderately disturbed habitat
                                     6- 8         Good habitat








                                                   CHINCOTEAGUE B.A.M. DATA - 18 July 1995


                                                                                                                    otal                        Total
                                                                                                                    i
                                                                                                                    io
                                                                                                                     om
                                                                                                                       ma
                                                                                                                 FBass biomass                  BAM
                              Site             Core         PFra n a        fauna      F;auna         ecmt n                                                ornments:
                                                               u          Is                         S    io
                                                               s ,           ;, cm li                 io ss
                                               section        e e t in I  in -5    nTlfc stule I     b    a       (g)
                                               1            >5cm?         laraL?                                                in >5 cm, Score*
                              Undisturbed      0 - 5 cm     yes (1)       yes (1)      long          0.314        3.647           91.4%           (8)       small
                              Area                                                     lived (2)                                                            burrowers in
                                                                                                                                                            sfc; large
                                               >5 cm.                                                3.333                          (4)                     Nereis and
                                                                                                                                                            Glycera in
                                                                                                                                                            bottom
                                               0 - 5 cm     yes (1)       yes (1)      long          0.183        2.85            93.6%           (8)       small
                                                                                       lived (2)                                                            burrowers in
                                                                                                                                                            sfc; large
                                               >5 cm                                                 2.667                          (4)                     Nereis and
                                                                                                                                                            Glycera in
                                                                                                                                                            bottom
                                               0 - 5 cm     yes (1)       yes (1)      long          0.161        3.11            94.8%           (8)       small
                                                                                       lived (2)                                                            burrowers in
                                                                                                                                                            sfc;. large
                                               >5 cm                                                 2.949                          (4)                     Nereis and
                                                                                                                                                            Glycera in
                                                                                                                                                            bottom
                              New              0 - 5 cm     yes (1)       no (0)       small         0.126        0.33            47.6%           (4)
                              Placement                                                burrowers
                              Area             >5 cm                                   (1)           0.157                          (2)
                                               0 - 5 cm     yes (1)       no (0)       small         0.256        0.356           34.6%           (4)
                                                                                       burrowers
                                               >5 cm                                   (1)           0.123                          (2)

                                               0 - 5 cm     yes (1)       no (0)       small         0.266        0.446           35.4%           (4)
                                                                                       burrowers
                                               >5 cm                                   (1)           0.158                          (2)

                              Old              0 - 5 cm     yes (1)       no (0)       small         0.132        0.629           79.0%           (5)       sfc biomass
                              Placement                                                burrowers                                                            does not
                              Area                                                                                                                          include
                                                                                                                                                            Nassarius
                                               >5 cm                                                 0.497                          (3)                     (7.126- with
                                                                                                                I                                           Nassarius)
                                               0 - 5 cm     yes (1)       no (0)       small         0.231        0.886           711.9%          (5)       sfc biomass
                                                                                       burrowers                                                            does not
                                                                                                                                                            include 6
                                                                                                                                                            Nassarius
                                               >5 cni                                                0.655                          (1)                     (12.2662
                                                                                                                                                            with
                                                                                                                                                            Nassarius)
                                               0 - 5 cm     yes (1)       no (0)       small         0.255        0.621           58.9 %          (5)       sfc biomass
                                                                                       burrowers                                                            does not
                                                                                                                                                            include 5
                                                                                                                                                            Nassarius
                                               >5 cm                                                 0.366                          (3)                     (10.682g
                                                                                                                                                            with
                                                                                                                                                         I  Nassariusd


                                Total BAM      score interpretation:
                                          0- 1    Poor habitat. seriously disturbed
                                          2 - 3   Moderately disturbed or stressed habitat
                                          4- 5    Sliahtlv di sturbed to moderatelv disturbed habitat
                                          6-8     Good habitat




                                                          RAMSHORN B.A.M. DATA - 17 July 1995

                               Site             Core          Fauna            fauna       Fauna         Section       Total             %           Total        ornments:
                                                section       present in     Ins >5 cm life stule        biomass       Biomass        biomass        BAM
                                                I           I >5cm?                                      (g)           (g)           in >5 cm       Score*
                               Site # 1         0 - 5 cm      yes (1)        yes (1)       long          1.532         3.749             59%           (7)
                               Inshore East                                                lived (2)
                               Side of
                               Marsh            >5 cm                                                    2.217                           (3)

                                                0 - 5 cm      yes (1)        yes (1)       long          0.069         2-209             97%           (8)
                                                >5 cm                                      lived (2)     2-140                           (4)

                                                0 - 5 cm      yes (1)        yes (1)       long          0.006         1,265             9 9 C/"       (8)
                                                >5 cm                                      lived (2)     1.259                           (4)

                               Site #2          0 - 5 cm      yes (1)        no (0)        sm burr       0.167         0.934             82%           (6)
                               Offshore
                               East Side
                               of Marsh


                                                >5 cm                                                    0.767                           (4)

                                                0 - 5 cm      yes (1)        yes (1)       long          0.018         2.347             99%           (8)
                                                                                           lived 02
                                                >5 cm                                                    2.329                           (4)

                                                0 - 5 cm      yes (1)        no (0)        sm burr       0.063         0.512             88%           (6)
                                                                                           (1)
                                                >5 cm                                                    0.449                           (4)

                               Site # 3         0 - 5 cm      yes (1)        yes (1)       long          3.828         7.485             49%           (6)
                               Channel                                                     lived   (2)
                               Station
                               Near Day
                               Marker
                                                >5 cm                                                    3.657                           (2)

                                                0 - 5 cm      yes (1)        no (0)        sm burr       0,198         1.384             86%           (6)

                                                >5 cm                                                    1.186                           (4)

                                                0 - 5 cm      yes (1)        no (0)        sm burr       1.359         1.452             6%            (2)

                                                >5 cm                                                    0.093                           (0)

                               Site # 4         0 - 5 cm      yes (1)        yes (1)       long          0.306         1.71              82%           (8)
                               Westside                                                    lived (2)
                               of Marsh         >5 cm                                                    1.404                           (4)

                                                0 - 5 cm      yes (1)        yes (1)       long          0.272         1.826             85%           (8)
                                                >5 cm                                      lived (2)     1.554                           (4)

                                                0 - 5 cm      yes (1)        yes (1)       sm burr       1.849         2.663             31%           (5)

                                                >5 CM                                                    0.814                           (1)



                                  Total BAIM score interpretation:
                                          0 - I     Poor habitat, seriously disturbed
                                          2 - 3     Moderateiv disturbed or stressed habitat
                                          4 - 5     Sliahtly disturbed to moderately disturbed habitat
                                          6 - 8     Good habitat




I
I                                                             APPENDIX C
I              VMRC Oyster Lease Ground Maps
I
I
.1
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
.1
I
I
I
i


4




















                                                                                                                                 . . . . . . . . . . . .


                                                                    RACCOON ISLAND



                                                                                            - - - - - - - - - - - -
                                                           RACCOON CAEEK                          ------
                                                             12-02-01                   - ------                                                                                           WIN ISLAND
                                                                                                                                       ISLAND NAY
                             LONG Fl.
                                                                                          11-11   X-m-H     -----                    12-04-00
                              CHANNEL                     P.O. 22 IV$                --l  x::




                                                                                                                                                                          P.O. 23 IM



                                             WIN.-








                                                                  SMITH ISLAND INLET
                                                                       ,,_02-02                                                             ...













                            FISHEIMAN INLET
                                IS-63-09





                                                    4




                                                                                                                                     ATLANTIC OCEAN
                                    s                                                                                                      0 .
                                                                N,                                                                      12. 0 00
                                                                                                                                                                                    COMMONVEALIH OF VI
                                                                                                                                                                                  LW INE RESOURCES C
                                        E\l













                                                                                                                                                                                        BU17H ISLAND I
                          FI*VMAw                                 3
                             ISLAND
                                                      ADAMS ISLAND


                                                                                                                                                                                  "OR.THMP7oN    Co.   DI


                               40

















                                                                               ti

                      WIN
                      I $LAND



























                                                                      ATLANTIC OCEAN
                                                                        12_ 00-00





















                                                                                                                       COLWONWEALTH 0
                                                                                                                      UARINE RESOURCES

                                                                                                                            SM17" 15
                                                                                                                     Mj%
                                                                                                             I Mm NOR7KAMP7ON Co.
                                                A
                   05-2760





                                                                                                             T-1
                                 COMMONWEALTH OF VIROINIA                                                                                     a
                                MARINE RESOURCES COMMIIIISION
                                     SMITH ISLAND SAY                                                                                      P.O. 40 (311  11              1 P.10
                       cum --v 20Q      MAOOTHY BAY


                                                                                                                                              I XAND
                                NORTHAMP70N CO.   DIST. 25

                       NOTE@
                       ALL COORDINATED PIS IN C:\CAD\CAT6\Z85274QF.                                   %
                       SOME C40RD. PTS ALSO IN Cl\CAD\CAT&\JOO274OF,






                                                                                               to 1311


                                                                                                     +                       ,%




                                                                                                                         .6. 20  % -r
                                                                          MAG01HY SAY                                     (all
                                                                            12-03-01


                                                                                                                                        P.O. 41














                                                   MILI CREEK
                                                    2 03.03
                                                                                              5K I DMOIRE
                                                                                               I$LANO                    SMITH ISLAND BAY
                                                                                                                             12-04-00





                                                                                                                                                                            BE



                                                   LONO PIT.
                                                   CHAW"HIEL          coo
                                                                     SL                            P.O.  (111).
                     @@2740





















                P.O. 40 (311
                                                                                                                                                                     HOLE


                                                                                                     llis k"SIA CA.
                                                                                         17             12-21-00

                                                                                                                                                12 R.

                                                                                                             P.O. 45




                                                    P.O. 42 1311
                                                                                                                                                                           +


                                                                                                                                           P.S. 44 1311





                                                                                                 SMITH ISLAND
                                                                                                                         P.O. 43 1313                                            ATLANTIC OCEAN
                                                                                                                                                                                    12-00-00








                                     SMITH ISLAND lAY


                                                                                                 P.O. 40 1411











                                                                                                                                                                                           COMMONWEALTH
                                                                                                                                                                                         MARINE RESOURCE

                                                                                                                                                                                                SMITH ISL

                                    P.O. 2; (31)                                                                                                                                               - .. .11, tz

                                                                                                                                                                                          NORTHAMPTON C



















                                                                                                                                                                                   ofto     WWI"
                         SQCKWIN                                                                                W=                                                                           I 11LAND
                          ISLAND                                                                                                                                                    V
                                                                                                                                     bovn4 jAY

                                                                   23            P.O. 37 1301                                                                     P.O. 47 13011
                                                                     A.     --

                                                                            N'Iv=
                                                                                                                                       .IOE7KNI*ff
                                                                                                                                 24                                            1 @'-" 13AL 04LNKL

                                                                                                                                                                   P.O. 40 130)








                                                                                                                                                                  MINIK ISLAND








                                                    gig CAEEK MAAS"
                                                       12-21-00





                                                                                                                                                                                                  INVU:

                                            1`0773@ CA                                                                                       9 m
                                                                                                                                      0110111N. AY
                                                                                                                                       12-13







                              EOGNOO
                               CA,                                                                                                                          CO"NWEALYN OF VIROINIA
                                                                                                                                                          WARIME RESOURCES COMM16610H
                                                                                                                                                                     3OU7W DAY
                                                                                                                                                                SHIP 6140AL 04ANNEL
                                                                                                         so                                              Is
                                                                                                      (Sol
                                                                                                                                                           HOR7KALAPTON   Co. DIST. 25              All.

                                                                    P.O. 39
                                                                      1301                                                                     If                          WIN 19LAW          14
                                    THOM CA.


                       3
                        15
                           -270D



































                                                                                                  COVE        rQI









                                                                                                                                                                                     P.O. 21
                                                                                                                                                                                       t3l I

                                                                                                    MACH
                                                                                                   MARSH                                                                                                  MOCKHOAN ISLAND




                                                                                                                 0 0 10 1311                                                                   CASIN
                                                                                                                                            DREDGED AREA          ï¿½                             COVE






                                                                                                                                                        UAWTW $A
                                                                                                                                                          12-01-01



                                            COML40NWEALTH OF VIRGINIA
                                          MARINE REWURCU COWAMSION
                                                       MAG07HY SAY                                                                                                        W*-V
                                                    MOCKHORN MAND
                                                         KAE 14-                                                                                                                                             SMIIN ISLAND W
                                                                                                   P.O. to 411)
                                                                                                                             1@























































                                             HoR.'KAmplom CO. DtST. 25
                                                                                                                                                                                                             P
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      -. 7T
                                                                                                                                                                                                              .0. 40
                              31 -2740



                                   = m = M









                                'SN I I
                                    8   IN L   AKREL
                                        @?A
                                             os

                                                                               17 M.
                                                                                  M
                                  f.G. 4
                                    ISO?                         U%lLf ISLAM









                                            INK CA.




                                                                                  +








                                                                                                         ATLANTIC MEAN
                                              ....                                                          12-00-00






















                                                                                                                                                                                                            COMMONWEALTH
                                                                                                                                                                                                          MARINE RESOVRCE
                                                                                                                                                                                                                SHIP SHOAL
                                                                                                                                                                                                                   MYRYLE I
                                                                                                                                                                                                    --AZ Am

                                                                                                                                                                                                           NOR714AMP70@N CO.


























                                                                                                                                MOCKNORN SAY
                                                                                                                                  1                                   MOCKWIDAN CH&NNEL
                                                                                                                                                                          12-01-05




                                                                                                                    F.G. 16 430)







                                                                                           Moll" SCO17
                                                                                               co",







                                                                                                                                                         THE MAXRO"
                                                                                                                                                          12-03-04









                                                                     +                                                                                                          MOCKHDRM ISLAND







                                                                                                                                    lpAwTw SAM
                                                                                                                                      12-03-01

                                        COMMONWEALTH OF VIROINIA
                                      MARINE RESOURCES COMMISSION
                                              MOCKHORN OAY
                                               MA007HY DAY


                                       NORTHAAMPTON CO.   DIST.  25                                                           'Ar-



















                                                                                   COMIAONWEALTH OF VIRGINIA
                                                                                @IJIARIKE RESOURCES COMMISSION
                                                                                             SOUTH OAY
                                                                                              -.E   I.W

                                                                                 NORTHAMPTON Co.      DIST. 2S
                                       MOCK"DA" ISLAND                                     cutritl rNiM.





                                                                                                                                                                                                           RED DRUM DR

                                                                                    as 1601














                                                                                P.O. 36 130)




                                                                                                                             11@11 lAY                                   94 (SO)
                                                                                                                              12-14-00










                                                                                                                                       /JOE WEST



                                                                                                                                                                                                          37



                                                            P.O. 37 1301
                                                                                                                                                                                                    T", ISLAND
                                                                                                                                                                                                       A-01
                                                                                              %                                                                                                               :"@     m
                                                                                                                                                 P.O. 47 (30)



                              "0-2760





















                                             P.O. 30 (30)
                                    SOUTH JAY

                                                                           % .0,
                                RED DRUM                Z.G. It  (lot
                                 DRAIN



                                                  NEW INLET
                                                   12- 4-02       49
                                                                      32

                                  34






                                     GODWIN ISLAND                     31
                                       12-14-01



                                                                                                              &ILA IC OCEAN
                                                         SHIP 300AL ISLAND 30                                      00.00
                                 P.S. 34 1301








                                                                       290





                                          NMI" ISLAND
                                                     7

















































                                                                                                                                                                          COLMONVEAL
                                                                                                                                                                       MARINE RE30
                                                                                                                                                                                  HE
                                                                                                                                                                             SHIP 6



                                        0'"it SHOAL VAAHHEL
                                             12-14. 03
                                 -2700                                                                                                                                   NORT!"T'01,





















                                                                                                                                                                                                          8ANP $110

                                                                                                                                                                       NI Jkly RAY
                                                                                                                                                                 51OCK112-0                            CO11 IAY
                                                                                                                OY57ER Uit                                                                               12-17-00

                                                                                                                                                                             P.O. 17 1501


                                                                                                         OYsTEA                                                                    CD
                                                                                                                                                                                                               40












                                                                                                                                                                                     low                        moc
                                                                                                                                                                                                                 13

                                                                                                                                                                                                          qm 39,
                                                                                                                                                      u



                                                                                                                                              F.0 16 (;0)
                                                                                                                                                                                                        MOCAO"m
                                                                                                                                                                                                           It- 05-0





                                                                                                                                                                                POINT OF
                                                                                                                                                                                  11OCK
                                                                                                                                                                                CHANNEL









                                          COMUDNWEALTH OF VIROINIA
                                        MARINE REOOURCES COMAISF)iON                                                                               VOCKWA SAY
                                                  MOCKHORN BAY                                                                                        12-0V 06
                                                     OYSTER



                                         NORT14AMPTON CO. D187. 25 1                                   11

                          @45-2740



















                                                                                                 .171
                                                                                                                                          COAS SAY




                                                                                                                                                                                      0.6. 24



                                                                                                  %
                                                                                                                                                 st




                                                                                                                                                              MAN AND SOY
                                  440                                                                                                                            MARSH

                                                                                                                                                    so


                                                                                                                +                                           +


                                                                                                                                lb, 40

                                                                                                                   RVNNING
                                                                                                                  CKANKL

                                                                                                                                              P.O. 27 ISO)
                                                                                                                                                                         52
                                      COMMONWEALTH OF VIROIHIA                          NEW MARSH
                                    MARINE RESOURCES COMMI "ION
                                              SOUTH BAY                          43
                                              NEW MARSH



                                         Z"                           42
                                     NORTHAMPTON CO. DI'ST, 25






                             MOC"AN ISLAND




                                                                                                                                t-                                               10WH SAY
                                                                                                                                                                                  12-14-00
                                                                                  P.O. 35 ISO$



                                                                                                                                 .Igo

                             Vol)


















                                             SAY

                                                           P.O. 25 1301







                              53


                            P.O. 24 130)



                                                                54







                                                                            WRECK IPLAND


                             .,Jul
                                                                                    N.

                                                                               33

                                                                                                                        ATLANTIC OCEAN
                                                                                                                           12_09.00




                                                        P.O. 26 t301





                                                                            Ss





                                                           $6






                                                                                                                                                                 COMMONWEALTH
                                                                                                                                                               MARINE RESOURC
                                                                                                                                                                         SOUTH
                                                                   so                                                                                     =V          WRECK
                                    SOUTH SAY
                                     12-14-00
                                                         P.O. 2                                                                                    1           NORZAMPTON C
                          %-2700
























                                                                                                                                 TAYLOR CREEK








                                                                                                                                                                                 RAMIRO" IAY
                                                                                                                                                                                    13-05-00


                                                                                                                                                                               P.O. 14 129  301


















                                                                                                                                       P.O. 15 430)                    CHANIIL


                                                                                                                                    BOACK NIERRY IAY
                                                                                                                                             ob
                                                                                                                                                                                ELKINS MARSH




                                       COMMDNWEALTH OF VIROINIA
                                     MARINE RESOURCES COMMISSION
                                             RAMOHORH BAY                                                                                                                   47
                                           BROCKENDERRY DAY
                          1110190 WIM L,.'IIL



                                    WRINAMP70N CO.       DIST, 25                                                                                P.O. 17  01

                         360-2140
























                      f.b. 14
                     1.
                        A 301                                                                                   ECKICHY MARSH                       F.S. 13 1301





                                     CROW #AV                                      CEDAR CREEK
                                     IS_Os_Oz                                        12-20-00




                                                                                                                                            ECKICHY FLA72



                       -Tar'..










                                                                                                                                                              Wo SAY
                                    ELKINS MAAS"                                                                                                              12-17-00






                                            COCKLE P%o CA.
                                               12-1a










                                            46
                                                                                                                                                          COLSONWEAL7H OF VIR
                                                                                                                                                         MARINE RESOURCES Cohl
                                                                                                                                                                   COBB BAY
                                                                                                                                                    Al.





































                                                                                                                                                                  CEDAR CREEK
                                                                      SAM SHOAL CHIMINEL



                                                                                                                                                            MORTHMPTON CO. D
                    W276D                                         :Qi4                                                                                             IMM = x-n



















                                   IIA
                                                                                                               110 EASTEA                 6
                                                                                                             6,  MAIIIIN
                                                                                                                                                                                                               No

                                                                                                                             67

                                                                     P.O. Is (30)


                                                                                                                                                                                                        cob lot











                                                                               1,1111loy FLATS




                                                                                  Coll 1AY
                                                                                   U-17-09





                                                                                                                                        LOON
                                                                                                                                      CH&NNE


                                                                                                                                                                              60








                                                                                                                          CARVKLL 110LE
                                                                                                                                                                                            ATLANTIC OCEAN
                                                                                                                                                                                                Ir-00-00






                                                                                                 3ANC, 3NOAL INLET                                                                         C044DNWEALTH OF V
                                                                                                                                                                                         MARINE RESOURCES CO
                                                                          WRECK                                                                                                                      COBB BAY
                                                                          IIILAND                                                                                             119= --v %.,%%    $AND SHOAL IN


                                                                'Dior                                                                                                                    'MR.TH"PTON Co.       0

                          3 0-2760




















                             COll 43LAND


























                                                                                                                 ATLANTIC OCEAN
                                                                                                                    12-00-00






















                                                                                                                                                                                COLIWONWEALTH OF
                                                                                                                                                                              MARINE RESOURCES C

                                                                                                                                                                                       COBB ISLAN
                                                                                                                                                                    rim 2-1.1 :441a



                                                                                                                                                                               NOR-THAMP70H CO.



































                                                                                                                                                                         Hai














                                                                                                                                                                          P. 0.


                               EAOTVILLE





                                                                                                                              INDIAKTOWK CIEEK
                                                                                                                                 13- OS-03










                                                                                                                                                                         P.O.


                                COMMONWEALTH OF VIRGINIA
                              MARINE RESOURCES COMMISSION                                                                      INDIAUTOWN NECK
                                      RAUBMRH SAY
                    =BwA =t Wk%     INDIANTOWN CREEK

                    EMNORTRUPTON CO. DIST. 25                                                                                               t
                    9@'2740



                                                                                                                                                   4100         MIND











                                                                                                                                                                                  COMMONWEALTH OF
                                                                                                                                                                                MARINE RESOURCES
                                                                                                       105                                                                               RAUSHORN a
                                                                                                                                                                                       SPIDERCRAB
                                                                                                                                                                                          OU7LET BA
                                                                                                                                                                     mirm W., r_m
                                                                                                        3UNDAY
                                                                                                         Plic"
                                                                                                                                                                               NORTHAMP'TON CO. D
                                                                                                104       102


                                                                                                          101











                                                                                                                                                                         OknLE7 JA
                                            P.O. 14 (M                                                                                                                    13-rI00Y


                                                                                        ELKINS MAA$H
                                        RAMSHOIN SAY                                                                                                     P.O. 13 1201



                                                                      d            ot,

                                                                                97

                                                                       +                                                                                           +
                                                            N


                                                                       06
                                                                                                                    III IDEACAAA SAY
                                                                                                                       13-01-00

                                                               95



                                                                                                                                                           ECKICHY
                                                                          9a                                                                                MAAsm
                                                                          :M.
                                                                                                                     VAr



                          375-2760



                              all@ 111111milm llw@m@ mm mm im










                                                                                                                                                                                  COMMONWEAL7N OF
                                                                                                                                                                                MARINE RESOURCES
                                                                                                                                                                                        H" ISLAND
                                                                                                                                                                                          OUILE7 8
                                                                                                                                                                     r
                                                                                                                                                                         V;at x A
                                                                                                                                                                      r-
                                                                                                                                                                               NORTK`AMP7ON CO.
                                                                                                                                                   72



                                                                                                                                                               PARCHASY
                                                                                                                                                         T      IkW


                                                                                              11A       74                                                         +

                                                                                                                                                                      MOISISLAW SAY
                                                                                              MUSH                                                                        -2$-00

                                                                                                76


                                                                                                  77
                                                  OVI E IIA
                                                        .00                                -7.                       P.O.


                                                                       +                                            4







                                                                                                                                                                                AIL
                                                                                                                                  OR
                                                                       .4.-Q     94                                                                                    OA
                                                                       lQ-210     v                                                                                L117LE EASIER
                                                                      81         so                                                                                    UARSH

                                                                                                                   N.

                                                 12                                                                       110 EASIER U&ISH

                                                                                   Coca SAY
                          i            03
                          375-2790



                               U11401mimm@-mmmmm moo











                                                                               N09 ISLAND



                                                                                                             NORTH CHANINIEL



                                                                            CAEA7 MACHIPONGO INLET
                                                                                   13-02-00

                                        HOO I!LAHP 6AY
                                           1, 23-00








                                                                                                   lob








                                                                                                                                                                 ATLANTIC OCIAN
                                                                                                                                                                    15-00-00

                                                                                                    107











                                                                    COO$ ISLAND








                                                                                                                                                                                        COMIAONWEALTH 0
                                                                                                                                                                                      MARINE RE30URCES
                                                                                                                                                                                          GREAT MACH  IP
                                                                                                                                                                                              HOG 16LAN



                                                                                                                                                                                             7. .'s

                                                                                                                                                                                     NORTHAMPTON CO.














                                                                                      OR ICK HOLM Wit                                       CA3TLE 61 DOE CREEK
                                                                                                                                                 IS- 1-00









                                                                                                                                                                                           120





                                                                     +                                                                     bmAT FIONO MAA114    +
                                                                                                                                                1;-07-00



                                                                                               ISLAND
                                                                                                                                                              c*" I INI; HARSH


                                                          SOMEE CREEK


                                                                                                                                       I ar

                                                                                                                                                                                   PONELLI CA.
                                                                                                                                                                                                M


                                                                                                                     lor




                                                                              SOXIKEE
                                                                                                                                                    THE OUTLET





                                                                                                                                            P.O. Is 4291


                                                                                                                                                                                         OUT ET lAY
                                                                                                                                                                                           M21-00


                                                                            o"SHORN BAY                                                                                         COMMONWEALTH OF
                                      HOLT                                    ti-05-00                                                                                        MARINE REGOURCES
                                                                                                              111110101" 1011n                                                          OUTLET B
                                                                                                                                                                                       WEBB6 ISL

                                                                           P.O. 14 420)

                                                                                                     110
                                                                                                                                                                              IORZP7'0@14 Co.



       milml so Mae M                                                                         M M m m MM m M












                                                                                                            0. 3 1291









                                        SHORT PROMS W&R$H                     120
                                            13-07-00
                                                       Ulht-l 24


                                                                     + 122




                                               121         THE PEEPS



                                                                                                                                                                     AND
                                                                                                                                                               HOG I!L   #AY
                                                                                                                                                                  1, 29-00









                                      OUT El lAY


                                                              113                                                       Im

                                                                                                             9ML MARSH CHUMEL
                                      P.D. 13 1")              114    lit


                                                                                                                                                                                    NOTE:
                                                                                                                                                                                    3.P. 144 NOT mA

                                                                                                                                                                               COMMONWEALM OF
                                                                                                                                                                             MAR INE RESOURCES
                                                                                                   WAL WAISH                                                                        1400 ISLAND
                                                                                                                                                                                   314ORT PRONG
                                                                                                            117
                                                                                                               3" 1
















                                                                                                                                                                tin NORTHAMPTON CO.

                         390-2780






























                                                                                                                                                  HOD ISLAND




















                                                                                                                                                                                  ATLANTIC OCEAN
                                                                                                                                                                                     13-00-00
















                                                                            ROGM ISLAND


                                         WQ I        AV
                                            ",!LAM 9
                                               29-00                                                                                                                                       COMMONWEALTH OF
                                                                                                                                                                                         MARINE RE5OURCE3
                                                                                                                                                                                                 MG ISL&K
                                                                                                                                                                                     XXII         ROOM 13L
                                                                                                                                                                                                     rMs I-$.
                                                                           1                                               1                                               fm NlOR7K-&M-lP-7-0-H CO.
                            @-9-0-28GO




















                                                                                                                                                                                                                     Ho

                                                                                                          WAIDNIFILLE





                                                                                                                                                PHILLItS CREEK
                                                                                                                                                   13-1  01                         THE kUfADCK$






                                                                                                                                                                                    REP lAJ4K CREEK
                                                                                                                                                                                        13.10-00
                                                                                                                                     RED IANK





                                                                                                                                                       x

                                                                                                                                                                                                   FOOLIND POINT




                                                                                                                                       $RICK NOUVE NECK














                                                                                                                                                                                                                    we
                                                                                                                                                                       CA37LE KIbW COL.
                                                                                                                                                                            13-17-00


                                                                                                                                                         Je

                                                                                                                                                                                                                      P


                                             COMMONWEALTH OF VIRGINIA
                                           MARINE RESOURCES COWAISSION
                                                  SHORT PRONG MARSH
                                                    RED BA14K CREEK
                                                    PHILLIPS CREEK                                                                                                                          3MAI PRO" MASH
                                                                                                                                                                                                 13-07-00
                                                                                   M33 I-
                                          NOR7HAMP7ON    Co.     1115T, 2s

                            405-2750


































                                                                                                                                OREAl
                                                                                                                              UACHIPONOO
                                !ny .1.0.1 -N.T                                                                                CHANNEL


                                                                                V










                                                                                                       HDO ISLAND DAY
                                                                       P.O. 3 (29)                        13.23-00














                                                                                    NOTE:
                                                                                    S.P.**S 143 A 145 HOT MAPPED
                                                                                                                                                                  O&EAT
                                                                                    COMMONWEALTH OF VIRGINIA                                                   M&CHIFON90
                                                                                  MARINE RESOURCES CONM13$ION                                                    CHANNEL
                                                                                          POO ISLAND BAY
                                                                              wr_    GREAT MACHIPONGO CHAN.

                                         7-@

                                                                                 NORTHAMPTON CO.      DIST. 25
                       4 - L730



                                  will                                      m                            m












                                                                                                                                                                           MONTH  INLET
                                                                                                                                                                             14-01-00


                                                                                                    EOOINO
                                                                                                    MUSH



                                                                                                                                                          141


                                                                                                                                                                   t4


                                                                                                                                                           143

                                                                                                                                                 140

                               ".AV                                                                                                       lap           wom!"NARROWS
                                                                                                                                                           13   -00
                                                                                                                                                                                144
                                                                                    :J:f.                                              *krvx                                      +

                                                   P.O. 1 (20-29)



                                                     NO I!LAND SAY
                                                           23-00

                                                                                                                                                                                             STAKE

                                                                    -ISO                                                                                 P.O. 2 129$


                                                          .. . .. ......
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  I'm OIL




                                                    130             AL 134 An
                                                           RION 3NO
                                                               UARSH


                                                                    ISIF
                                                                      AUR
                            .Sir


                                                                    142                                                                                                                   CONMONWEALIN     OF V  IROINI
                                                       U.
                                                                                                                                                                                        UARINE RESOURC         :ommlss
                                                                 mwq                                                                                                                                      E3 C
                                                                                                                                                                                                 W* ISU        SAY
                                                                                                                                                                                                   NORTH   INLET
                                UV                                                                                                                                                               HODGES   NARRM


                                                                                                                                                               POINT                  NORTKUIPTON     CO.      61. 25 &
                                                                                                                                                                                        ACCCUACK CO,



                                                                                                                                                                                                                     AIL





                            -AOS-2800



































                           NN ISLAND













                                                                                                     AILAN11C OCEAN
                          145                                                                           1&-90-90






















                                                                                                                                                                  COWAONWEALTH OF V
                                                                                                                                                                MARINE RESOURCES C
                                                                                                                                                                       ATLANT:C OCE
                                                                                                                                                                         "DO KAND




                                                                                                                                                              NORTHAMPTON CO.      V,



                                    1111 foul I111N 111110 INS m 1110 111111 11110 1111111 111110 m




































                                                                                                                                          IN WA CILEEk







                                                                                                                                                                  P.O.


                                                                                                                              6110"OVILLE


                      K"IAWADOX


                                 COMMONWEALTH OF VIRGINIA
                               MARINE RESOURCES COMMISSION
                                                                                                                                                  t NZISET

                                                                                                                                +--.- ^1-1EE11


                                      RED,BANK CREEK
                                     MACH PONOO RIVER
                     mm wa. V-=
                     995-El
                                  Z 7. "A          !.3 1"1
                              NORTHAMPTON CO.    DIST. Z5 I[                                                                             I!         lito   CALIK
                                                           I                                                                             I             Imoo
                                                           1
                    420-2760



                              till 1111 liimii m m













                                                                                     UP W" NECK                                              COMMONWEAL  TH OF VIRGINIA
                                                                                                                                            MARINE RESOURCES COMMISSION
                                                                                                                                                   1400 ISLAND DAY
                                                                                                                                                  MACH IpoNGO R IVER
                                                                                                                               =A-A --W, mxr_        UPSHUR NECK


                                               MACHIPONOO RIVER
                                                                                                                                          WRTVI'PTON CO.     DIST. 25 & 29
                                                                                                                                            ACCOMACK Co.

                                                                                                                                                 1107EI
                                                                                                                                                  P.   146 Nor MAPPED


                              OREENS
                              CREEK








                                                                                                                           P.O. 06 128-291
                                                                                                                                                            m.
                                                                                                                                                           0-23-00
















                                          P.O. 67 (20)










                                                                                                                                                                             M04TH CHANNEL








                    420-27BO



                                     11111 Imp =I                                                                                   M                              M                                              M M







                                                                                                                                                                        f

                                                001DENS'FAKE BAY                                                             164
                                                    14-01-0$                                                                                                    167
                                                                             KOOP CHANNEL                                     SANDY
                                                                                14-01-12                                            ISLAND

                                                                                                                                   165


                                                                                                                                                                                                                             SANDY IS
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     ,@AND
                                                                                                                                                  too                                                   CD                             03-02
                                                                                                     161
                                                                                              40                   P.O. 65 128)                                                                                        J41

                                                                                                               SANDY ISLAND BAY
                                                                   ILACOKVrK                       162              14-03-01
                                                                      C                       a-

                                                                                     +
                                           160                                                                                                                                                157




                                                                                                                      65 1251



                                                                                                                                                             BIG C"

                                 IS,                 P.O.     (28-291



                                                                                                $55


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     film INLE
                                                                                                                                               4:111 "Y POLE IAAA3H                ISO
                                                                                                                     156                            14-01-14                                                       152
                                              COMMONWEALTH OF VIROINIA               +                                                        +
                                            MARINE RESOURCES COMMISSION                                                                        rHE STAACOHYS
                                                      SANDY ISLAND SAY                                                                         ISHO TER CHAN.)
                                                     CHIMNEY POLE MARSH
                                          "-Xr.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                     IS$ DNA
                                                                                                                      I X", I
                                                                                                                       N
                                            1ORl1AMP7'0"N CO.       DIST. 25        20
                                              ACCOMACK CO.                                                                                                 1400

                                                                       AND BAY
                                                                   13-23-00


                                                                                                                              #UAL IC OAOUND                       148
                                                                                                                                   1281
                                        P.O. 1 (26-20-1                                                                                                                     0147
                                                                                                                                 IAR SAY























                                                                 ISLAND
                                     NEVIEL ISLAND






                                          THE WASH
                                           14-01 -P&












                           $11    El
                             folul



                                                                                                              AILA)n 11 OtEAN
                                                                                                                 14-00-00

                          SANDY IS
                                4@&Nb V.R&WIEL
                                  03-02








                                                      QUINDY INLET

                            MAIN INLET
                              14-01-00








                                                                                                                                                                                 COMMOWEALIN OF
                                                                                                                                                                               MARINE RESOURCES C
                                                                                                                                                                                   SANDY ISLAND C
                                                                                                                                                                                        NOUN INI.
                                  Noo ISLAM                                                                                                                                U-"%L       OUINBY INL


                                                                                                                                                                             HORYNAMPTON CO. DIS
                                                                                                                                                                              ACCOMACK CO.



                                L I















                                         COMMONWEALTH OF VIROINIA                                                                              P.O. oll (281
                                       MARINE RESOVRCES COMMISSION
                                              MACHIPONOO RIVER
                                               PARIINO CREEK


                                         ACC-0MA,C-KI CO.          29
                                       NORTHAMPTON CO.





                                                                                                               SELL NECK
                                                             )
                                                                  t.o. A-xrl-
                                                                         01,
                                                                 P.O.            P.O. 6
                                  WILLIS VdAltF             P.O. I-                                             MACIPON00 RIVER
                                                                                   7                                 4-01-01                                                                        P.O. 64 1


                                                      t.O. v
                                                                                 P.O. A-12
                                                                                  CKUT 21
                                                                                                                                                                                                      VISHLIN
                                                                     P.9. 10                                                                                                                           14 .01

                                                  P.O. 11



                                                        .0. 12


                                                     PARTING COEEK                                                                             UPINIA NE4:K























                           ot-3 -5- 2 7 6 0




















                                                $HUR DAY
                                                   I
                                         'IfEl"'EL &L. BAY
                                                                                                                                                                                 11ADFOAD
                                                 ISL. CHAN.                                                                                                                          14-07-17


                                                                                    76=                      P.O. 61 128)
                                                                                                                                                                                                              LI7YLE 111.99t
                                 ACCOMACK CO.         0;6,7     29                    .44'.                                                                                                                     CVLANNEL

                                  COMMONWEALTH OF VIRGINIA
                                MARINE RESOURCES COMMISSION                                           UP910A BAY                      MAJOR HOLE SAY
                                                                                                       14-01-07





                                                                                                                 177





                                                                                                                        W411E PERCH COVE
                                                                                                                                                            17$-                                      REVEL,,!ILAW SAY
                                                                                                                                                                                                           I of-or
                               P.O
                                                                                  P.O. 02                                                       174
                                                                                                       P.O. al 121

                                                                                                                                                                                     P.O. so its)                   P.O. $9 Its)



                                                                                                                  %172
                                                     63 1261







                                                                                                                                                                     Ira)







                                                                                                       SANDY ISLAND


                                            P.O. 64 6201
                                                             " @29
                                                              N IA
                                                              "a I ON








































                                         101DENSTAKE SAY                                                                                               SANDY 13
                                                                                                                                                              4@AMD CRANNEL                                                REVEL
                                                                                                   bLOOt                                                         03-02                                                            "L
                                             14-01-05                                                   04RMNEL                                                                                                                  14.
                                                                                                     14-01-62
                                                                                                                                      1                 1211,
                                                                                                                                      '4
                              5-2000



















                                OVAIN #AV
                                14-05-03
                                                 f.o. 35 126)



                     P.O.
                      124?                                                            OAAAAMORE 11LAND

















                                          $WA164





















                       REVEL I KAND


                                                                                                                          AILAMIC OCEAN
                                                                                                                             14.  90
                                                                                                                                                             COWM07EALIN OF VIROI
                                                                                                                                                            MAR I NE E60URCES COMMIS
                                                                                                                                                                     IWAM SAY
                                                                                                                                                                     714C SWAtH
                                                                                                                                                          r-"m



                                                                                                                                                I            ACCOMACK CO.     DIST.
                     -2420                                                                                                                      i           -          -


































                                                                                                                                                                            QUINSY plow



                                                                                                                                                                                    f.a. f6a



                                                                                                                      CAT3 It I DGE                                           11W




                                                                                                                                                       MDAELAND MW


                                                                                                                                                                         MACH:4poNeo RIVER I
                                                                                                                                                                                01-01


                                                                                                                                                                        PA.    t2ft





                                      COMMONWALIH OF VIROINIA
                                    UARINE RESOURCES COUMISSION

                                           MArHIPOH00 RIVER                                      FARI I NO CAEEK
                           rim pilm U.-AIM  OUINSY RRIME                                           14-01-15



                                       ACCOMACK CO. D137. 20                                                           SELL NECK
                                                                                                                                                             *4
                        450-2780

















                                                                           COMMONWEALIN OF VIRG I                             t.$. 30 t2sl
                                                                                                IN A
                                                                                                681"
                                                                         MARINE REODWCES COMMI
                                                                                  UFSHUR BAY                                                P.O. 30 120)
                    MAMPOHOD RIVER                                                 $WASH BAY                            BRADFORD fAY
                        44-01-01                                                                                . - A     IA-05.05

                                                                              Aw. 1. laf

                                                                          ACCOMACK CO.      DIS1. 29
                        C7                              $RADFORD MCI.
                                                                                                                                                                         ISO




                                                                                                                                                                          P.O. al 1281

                                                                                                                     WIRE CREEK








                                                                                                       IMF RD MALM
                                                                                                          14007-17                                       P.O. 34 1281



                                                                                                                                                         SWARM lAY





                            VVINAV







                                                              UPSM& ï¿½AY
                                                               14-01 .1,7


                                                   LIZ            P.O. 111 (20



                                                                                                                                                         171



                                                                                                                                       WHITE TROUT
                                                                                                                                         Ca'EK
                                                                           PEALEII FT.
                                                       11 N-I
                     50-2600




               OIL













                                                               fill


                                   36
                                 (24







                                 3EAL
                               ca K
                                                               MILL3TONE CMEEK
                                             lot                  14-05-04


                                                                                                                     14-OS-01

                                                                      Wil





                                                                                                                                CLUBH"E
                                                                                                                                  OUT
                .F







                                                CAEEN CHANNEL
                                                                                                                              tARAMOSE SoLAND

                                                        P.O. 33
                                                         428)







                                                      DAAWINO
                                                      CHANNEL
                                                                                                                                                                 0LAWIC OC
                                                                                                                                                                   IA-00-00



                                   3WAIN JIAY
                                   14-OS-01
                                                                                                                                                            COMWNWEALTH OF
                                                                                                                                                          MARINE RESOURCES
                                                                                                                                                                   0ASH
                                                                                                                                                                 HORSESHOE
                        -J.                                 P.O. AS Iz&                                                                                         MILLSTONE
                              P.O. 35


                                                                                l' 'QLE
                                                                                4'Ej
                                                                                                                                                           ACCOMACK CO.

                       450-2020





















                        PAIIAMORE
                         I OLAND



























                                                                                                        AILAN11C MAN
                                                                                                           14-00 00





















                                COMMONWEAM OF VIRGINIA
                               MARINE RESOURCE$ COMMISSION

                                    PARRAMORE ISLAND
                     =tr,ï¿½ wivnrm



                                ACCOMACK CO.    D167. 29
                                                            4
                  450-2a4O



















                       L             COMMONWEALTH OF VIRGINIA
                                   MARINE RESOURCES COMMISSION
                             Wig U.419L     BRADFORD DAY
                                            WACHMREAWE




                                     ACCOMACK CO.    DIST. 29







                                                                                                                                                                                   14-07-16

                                                                                                                                          F.C.O. NO.




                                                                                                                                         f.c.o. No. I






                                                                                                                                                     RUXOVER






                                                                                                                                                                                    1261





                                                                                                             +





                                                                                                       990101tb NECA

                                                                                                                                                        9AUf0f!ofAY
                                                                                                                                                          14-os
                                                       "04100fto AIVER
                                                           14 -01-01        0
                                                                                                                                                                       f 6-38

                                                                                                                                      ZPA:



                               0














                                                                                                                                                                                                                0. 147
                                                                                                                                                                                                                9271        205

                                                                                                                                       IVRTONS SAY
                                                                                                                                         14-05-07
                                                                            ISO&                                              M=
                                                                                                                                                                                                         %         204
                                                                                                                                                                                                          %
                                                                                                                                                                                              1601





                                                                                                            10.0   As
                                                                                                              t27 201
                                                                                                                                                                                                                               A7LAN
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   14

                                                                 196                                                                                     IT

                                                                    v      ILE 01*15
                                                                                    Ulu-


                                                                                           Uri

                                                                                                                         ISO                          jx*
                                                Qfu
                                                                                                                                                      104         19            -%A;r
                                                                                                                              H
                                                                                                                                       cei WWII                                                 CEDAR ISLAND

                                                                                                                                                      102 AQk
                                                                                                                                        IP3
                                                                       CUALEW SAY
                                                                         14-OS-06           117
                                                                                                    -a'
                                                                                                   m
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          NWEALTH
                                                                                                                                                                                                                MAMUE RESOURC
                                                                                                                   WACIWAEA" CHANNEL                                                                                        BURTON
                                  f.f. 37                                                                                14-07-IS                                                                                      WACWREA


                                                                         Mu
                                  111FAY00D                                                                                                                                                                      ACCOMACK      CO.
                                  14-OS-05




                                                          144                                                                                 CLUSHOWE
                                                                                      Igs                                                        MARSH
                                                                                                                                                                            WACWAEAOM INLET
                                                                                                                                                                                 I'l-65-00


                                                   102
                                    I.e. 36
                                            1
                                       it)LL$ HEAD                  IRADFORP CKkNKL
                                                              133        14-05-DA

                                                                                                                                                                        NOASESHH LEAD
                                                                                                                                                                            14.05.01               fAlkAMOAE ISLAND

                                  5-      0



     lop so m m an m                                                                                         no m m m m m


























                                                                                                                 ATLANTIC OCEAN
                                                                                                                    14-00. 00




















                           OM044
                           sHoALS



                                                                                                                                                                                  COW"HKALIN 0
                                                                                                                                                                                MARINE REbOURCED

                                                                                                                                                                                       PARRAMDRE
                                                                                                                                                                      =6-A     MAU



                           PAAAAMPAE
                            IsLAND                                     I                                                                                                          ACCOMACK CO.
                          4"A RPHWO . @-2 0 @40































                                                                                                                                                               LOUSIVILLE
















                                                                                                                                                                                 F INN
















                                                                                                                                                                         p.



                                                                                                                                            NICKAWAkPU3 CILEEK
                                                                                                                                                14-07-16


                                      COMMONWEAL71-1 Or VIRGINIA
                                    MARINE RESOURCEO COMM1681ON
                                            FINNEY CREEK
                                             LOCU67VILLE
                           =901=11: 4.131fil.
                           IM ACCOMACK CO. D1 67. 20



     moo                               mmm@mm m mm m









                                                                 CURTIS NECK                                      P.O. 40
                              ==t M. r-li&                      Ww                                                                   P.O. 49
                                                              C0TIS CREEK      40                                                      4271                         IIIILAI 00

                                                                                                          TEAGLES     CEDAR IV-AND lAY
                                                                                                           DITCH         14-OS-OP

                           COMMONWEALTH OF VIROIHIA
                         MARINE RESOURCES COMMISSION                               P.O. 42 127)
                                 BURTON$ BAY                       16
                                OREAT CHANNEL
                                                                XMIA.


                           ACCOMACK Co.   DIST. 20              '.127
                                                                 4. 43
                                                                                                                   CEDAR ISLAND                        LE
                                                               +                                                                                   ATTIEL



                                                                       P.O. 44 1271


                                                                                            206

                                                                                            -                                  OAEAT CHANNEL
                                                                                                                                 IA-07-12










                                                               t
                                                                 P.O. 'Is 127)
                                                                                                                                               207


                                                                                                                                                        SLOOP
                                                                                                      P.O. A7 12 1                                     CHANNEL

                                                                                        ItA1701411 RAY
                                                                                         14-05-07                                          Sol
                                                                                                                                                          202
                                          8 P'O. 41 (27)

                                                                      -.0. AS
                                                                       1271                                                                          "EAT Kff COVE
                                                                          200



                                                                                                                                                                       203































                                 ,EDAA
                                IPLAND
















                                                                                              ATLANTIC OCEAN
                                                                                                 14-00-00























                                        COLIMONWEALTH OF VIROINIA
                                       MARINE RESOURCES COMMISSION
                                              OREAT CHANNEL
                                              CEDAR 16LAND




                                        ACCOMACK Co. D1 $7. 29
                           LA
                           480-2840



     Mae M M No M MM m M M m man MI













                                                                                                                                                                P.O. so (27)

                                                                                                                         JOYNES NICK





                                                                                                                       FOLLY CREEK
                                                                                                                         %4.97.97






                                                                                                                     NAYS
                                                                                                                     Olml




                                  CoMMDNWEALTH OF VIRGINIA
                                MARINE RESOURCE$ COMMISSION
                                                 I
                                        FOLLY CREEK
                                      CEDAR ISLAND DAY
                           xrr. r.."13.
                                                                                                  CROSS CREEK
                                                                                                    14-97-96
                                                                                                                                              LOW040AT CREEK
                                                                                                                                                14-07. 01
                                 ACCOMACK Co.    DISI. 20











                                                                                                                                                                    cfb&A Is






                                                                         017110 NECK

                                                                                                                  CED&A ISLAWD lAY
                                                                                                                     1, 05
                                                         CU9714 CREEK                                                  . .09       14'
                                                            14-05. 13                                         f.e. 40 (2711                                      MAI CKMML
                                                                                                                                                                   14-05-12

                                                            I                                                                       P.O.
                                            Vgr
                    495-2020



      Mao m mmm MM M M mm m MM








                                                         T
                                                         METOW
                                                           iomAN.O."

                                    ME70MKIN 6AY
                                        14-0-00




                                                                              f.e. 51 ter)







                                 P.O. 50 127)
                                 - 213
                                 CP@              IXTOI&IN INLE7        211
                                                      14-07-00


                                        FLOUNDEft
                                        Will

                                    tit

                                    ....                                                                                                                   ATLANTIC OCEAN
                                                                                                                                                              14-00.00
                                    A



                                 LONOSOA7
                                 'CREEK
                                 4-07-01



                                                                  N -1
                                                                  .U.N.

                                                               210




                                            CEDAR I%LAf0




                                                                                                                                                                                                               COMMONWEALTH OF
                                                          .....                                                                                                                                              MARINE RE30URCE3

                                                      Rop                                                                                                                                                             METOUKIN I
                                                                                                                                                                                                 W.01 "-w. um
                                                                                                                                                                                                              ACCOMACK'C'o'l

                                    28140



     [Nil low m m an                                                                       1111111110 m w                                   m m MIND m









                                      COMMONWEALTH OF VIRrINIA     21
                                    MARINE RESOURCES COMMISSION
                                            METOMKIN DAY
                                            PARKER CREEK
                          =Irma =I0 n191.



                                     ACCONACK Co.      DIST. 20
                                                                                                                                                                            PARKER NECK




                                                                                                                                                                 PARKER CRIER.




                                                                                                                                                                       wtr.











                                                                                                                                                             IAYLYS NECK




                                                                                                                                                                            IATTLE VT.











                                                                                                                                                      114STON CREEK
                                                                                                                                                         14-09-01




                                                                FOLLY CREEK
                                                                 $A-07.07
                                                                F  '   EEK
                                          k-. AL 07@ 7
                                                                                                                                     JOY1411 NECK
                                                                                                                                                                                       NET
                                                                                                                                                         it 11




















                                                                                                                           ISLAND

                                PARKER NECK
                                                                                                          224                         225

                                                                                         #.a. st 4271

                                                                                                          a    223
                             P.O. $1 1271






                                                                                                         222







                                                   wr

                                        AAW                                                            221





                                                                                                   2to                                                  ATLANTIC OCEAN
                                                                                                                                                           14-00-00


                                                                                                  21*





                                                                                         217


                                                                                            NEIONKI
                                                                                              ISLANDN


                                        NETOLOUN SAY
                                           14-09-00







                                                                                                                                                                                       COMMONWEALTH OF
                                                                                                                                                                                      MARINE RE30URCE3

                                                                                                                                                                                               METOWIN



                                                              tis
                                                                                     P.O. $1 1211
                                                                                                                                                                                       ACCOMACK CO.
                                              0                    /    li





















                                                                                                                                                             JACK*$ OUT

                                                                                   GAROATHY NECK                                                                                                                               04




                                                                                                                                        OAAQATW CREEK
                                                                                                                                            14-11 01


                                                                                                                     CRE201K IF
                                                                                           17 S CREE
                                                                                            4! it .11, K


                                                                                                                                                                       WIRE PA SAOE
                                                                                                                                        un.                              14. 0939                   231
                                                                                                                                                                                                             OAKOAIHY
                                                                                                                                                                                                               $EACH


                                                                                                                           90"71(Y lAY
                                                                                                                              14-ti-al
                                                                                                                                                      I"IPOINO CA.
                                                                                                                                                        14.11- 12
                                                                                                                           P.O. S2 (26)


                                                                 WHITES NECK


                                                                                                                                                                                         2"

                                                                                                                                   TAOvr CA,
                                                                                                                                    14-11-10


                                                                               CRIPPEN CREEK                                                                                                                    ATLANTIC OCEAN
                                                                                  14-09-07                                                                                                                         14-WOO


                                                                                                                                                           WE'SOMKIN ISLANI)         U
                                                                                                                                                                                 ZZIP








                                          SUM  ICK CREEK
                                             14-OSI-05
                                                                                                                                   PEEP CREEK
                                                                                                                                     14-09.11


                                                                                                                                                             227                                           COMMONWEALIH OF V
                                                                                                                                                                                                         LIARINE RESOURCES C
                                                                                                                                                                                                                   GARGA7HY DA
                                       PARKE& NECK                                                                                                                                                                 WIRE PASSA
                                                                           &CIONKIN #Ay                                                                                                      mu M. 'Alit. U."M
                                                                              94-09-00                        WIRE PAS$AGE
                                                                            P.O. St (271
                                                                                                                                     I                                                                    ACCOMACK CO. D


                             52$-2840

























                                                                                                                                                                                            IA- IS-OF,










                                                                              NODEPT TOWN                                                                      WORIHM CREEK
                                                                                                                                                                  14-13-07
                                                                                                                                                                                              EGO MAR










                                                                                                                                                                                                P.O.


                                                                                                                                       HOO NECK








                                                                                                                                                                                    KEfO
                                                                                                                                                                                      ,AjAHK lAY
                                                                                                                                                                                         11-02






                                                                                                                                                                                              P.O. 55
                                                                                                                                                                    P.O, $4                    426
                                                                                                                                                                      (26)

                                                                                                                                         DA. &CK:Ii OW
                                                                                                                                             4-11 04                                       All CREEK
                                           COMMONWEALTH OF VIRGINIA                                                                                                                        14-11 06
                                         MARINE RUOURCE6 COMMISWON
                                                  KE007ANK BAY
                                                 OAROA7HY CREEK                                                        WAGAIRY CREEK
                                                                                                                                                                          KEG*IAW CREEK
                                                                                              fag _,Iwu_                                                                      14-11-OA
                                                                                                            T.Ar".

                                          ACCOMACK CO.       016T. 29                    OAA"7IfY NECK


                           540-2840























                                       ASSAWOMAN CAEEK
                                          14-13-02














                                                       233


                                ASSAWMAN ISLANV




                              KEOOTANK #AY
                                IA-11-02



                                                                                                                  ATLANTIC OCEAN
                                                                                                                     14-00-00






                           P.O.
                             126

                                                                        +











                                                                                                                                                                                     COMMONWEALTH OF
                                                                                                                                                                                   MARINE RESOURCES
                                                                                                                                                                                          A44AWOMAN
                                                                                                                                                                                         ASSAWOMAN
                                                    AM                                                                                                                              ACCOMACK c"o.






























                                                                                                                                                  PETTIT NIANCH




                                                                                                                                                                                All




                                                                                                                                                      +
                                                                                                                                     FERSIL&ION WHY




                                                                                                                                                                     ADIANIONAN CREEK
                                                                                  U&PI'SVILLE

























                                       COMMONWEAL71-1 OF VIROINIA
                                     MARINE RESOURCES COMMISSION
                                            ASSAWOMAN CREEK
                                             HOGNECK CREEK
                                                                                                                                                          @@..EEK
                                                                                                                                                                   HoGWCK 5CREEK
                                      ACCO"MACK CO.     DIS7. 29

                         t55-21J40



























                                                                                                                            CAT






                                ARIUCKLE NECK                        HOO CREEK
                                                                     14-13-00
                                                                                                                             WALLOPS,ISLAND
                                                                                                                               N.A.  A .



                                                     OYSIER IIA
                                                      14-1 3.12

                                                    P.O. 57 (26)





                                    AAlI,ICK E CREEK                  -                                  LITTLE
                                         L                                                               AT CREEK
                                                                     3-04                               14-11-06
                                      T14 1' 3If           I IIAV 14                                    C
                                                     P.O. 56 4261
                                                                                                                                                                          ATLANTIC OCEAN
                                                                                                                                                                             14-00-99

                           AIISAW"N  CR EEK                                                HDO CREEK
                               14-13-02                                                    14-13-00,
                                                            UU,






                                      MUD NARAOIRS
                                       14-13-06







                                                                                                                                                                                COMMONWEALTH OF
                           WATHM NAAA                                                                                                                                         MARINE RESOLIRCES
                               14-13-05                                                                                                                                              A33AWOWN
                                                                                                                                                                                        WDUANS
                                                                 A53AWOUAJ( CREEK                                                                                           MAIL     WALLOP3 13
                                                                     14-11-02
                                                                                                                                                                   ttï¿½tzt=2tz4     Z'
                                                                                                                                                                                ACCOMACK"'Cl.






















                                                                                                                                                                OLD, 9001
                                                                                                                                                                 mulon



                                                                                                                          IMF




                                                                                                             ?OML,te IlAy
                                                                                                                    05

                                                                                                                        (26)          P.O. 22 126
                                                                                                                        0.





                                                                                                                     1261-
                                                                                                                    P.O. 2s
                                                                                                                                                        THE

                                                                                                            P.O. 2b 1261       WLAST KARRO"

                                                                                                                    235



                                                                                                                            TAYLOR NUA0103




                                                                                                                                                      ISLAND
                                                                                                            426)                                       HOLE


                                                                                                                                             "Ur






                                                                                                              to  426)


                                                                                        OOOLIES fAY
                                                                                         14.15_03                                                                         WALLO
                                   COMMONWEALTH OF VIROINIA                                                                                                                 K.PA
                                 MARINE RESOURCES COMMISSION
                                          THE NARRO 6
                                          POWELLS  BAWY                                                                         2b)
                        cm      =Q        BOOKS BAY                                                                      P.Om 29



                                    ACCOMACK CO.    01$7. 28
                                                                                                                          CAT CREEK
                                                                                                                          14-13-10

                       570- 660





















                                                                                                                                                                               TEA"
                                                                                                                                  C
                                                                                                                                  CHINCOTEAOM
                                                                                                                                       OIMT                THE
                                                                                                              HAMMOCK 01.                         245     CAJUL

                                 MAAbH                                                                                                                                                                                  AS AT
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          CHA
                                                                        CHIFICOTEAOM CHANNEL
                                                                              14.1 5-26
                                                                                                                                                                                                                         A3%
                                                                                                                                                                                                                             t

                                               '7-

                                          WALKER #I.


                                                                                                                                     "lOAl
                                   THE                                                                                                 '01                                          SLACRIP91KY DRAIN
                                 NAllows                                                                                                                                                  A-16-05
                                 14-IS-40                                          236                                                                                                  1101; DATW)







                                                                                                                                          CHINC07!AGM I?&El
                                                                                                                                                14 IS-00                                                                 TOM
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          14.1

                                                                 W&LLOPS ISLAM
                                     SLOOF                           N.A.s.A.
                                      Ovi




                                                                                                                                                                              'DINT
                                                                                                                                                t14



                                                                                                                                                                                         +
                                                                                                                                                                                                              ASSATEAVUE ISL
                                                                                                                                                                                                             CHINCOTEAGM M,








                                                                                                                                       ATLANTIC OCEAN
                                                 COMMONWEALTH OF VIRGINIA                                                                14-00-00
                                                                                                                                   "'NCOTE
                                                                                                                                       110,



















































                                               MARINE RESOURCES COMMISSION

                                                     CHINCOTEAGUE IMET

                                   Im            ACC-QUIA"C-K Co.    D11-811T." 28




















                                                                                                               CHIMCOICAGM H.W.A.

                                   LEA3ECOINERS 1-10 ON 1027 DATI.M.
                                   ILEASECOINEA* 29,-73 ON 1603 DATIA1.
                                   10@ 1 DATLU OVEALAIt. TO UATCH 1027
                                   I'Anu.IVIS VATVU FAQM 1170$774.


                                                         AOOATEAOVE ISLAND









                                                                                   Ar.-L.

                                                                                                    LITTLE TOM
                                                                                                       COVE
                                                                                                          +






                                              TOMS COVE
                                               IA-15-02
                                                                                                                                                     ATLANTIC EAN
                                                                                                                                                          0 .:C
                                                                                                                                                        14- 0 0













                                                                            P,C.O.4








                               AWlEAOUE ISLAND                                                                                                                   COMONIVEALTH OF
                                   L.El"
                                   L.
                                   I
                                   DA
















































                                                                                                                                                                WINE REQOURCES

                                                                                                                                                                         TOMS C
                                                                                                                                                      =It-.% *Wr. &M
                                                                                                                                                                          KAM 14.
                        1 570-2900                               1                                                                                                ACCOMACK CO.

























                                                                                                                                                  WALLOPS NECK



                                                                                                                                                             JENNY*l ow
                                                                                                                                                              14-IS-34












                                                                                                                                                                            P.11
                                                                                                                                     ,IUTIOK41L AERICS           SINONEASTON
                                                                                                                                       SPACE ADMINMRATION            PAY
                                                                                                                                                                   14-15.1






                                                                                                                                                                     I

                                                                                                                                           LIME
                                                                                                                                          SIMONEAS70H
                                                                                                                                            CLEEK
                                                                                                                                           14MESt"I 4

                                                                                                                                                               Ito
                                                                                                                                                            SIMONEASION
                                                                                                                                                              CREEK










                                                                                                                                                                         KENDALL




                                  C
                                    mm             VIROINIA                                                                                WAIII PAY
                                   o ONWEALTH OF                                                                                             14-15-10
                                 MARINE RESOURCES COMMISSION
                                       SIMONEASTON BAY                                                                                                  -P.O. Is 1251
                                          WATTS BAY                                                                                  P.O. I
                       l:um ml =r-                                                                                                     425)

                                                                                                                             f.O.z
                                                                                                                               Its)                                        WALKE
                                   ACCOMACK CO. DIST. 28
                                                                                                                               (it,
                    585-2860                                                                                                    e,
















                                                                                        P.O. its
                                                                                          125
                                                                        14



                               4low'S  WT
                                 14-is-30                                                                      Um
                                                               P.C.9.             f.   t3 12s!l                                                240
                                                                                                   IN.                                         Mato"
                                                                                                                                          II&E
                                                                                                                                              musk
                                 3IWW0T0V SAY                                                         U91                                                         gist
                                                                                     0.0, 14                                                                        J4. V301          CRIKOITAOM
                                                                                                                                                  lAY                                               1%



                                                                                                                                              IAV

                      IRS
                                                          AV               14-ls-v                                                                                                          'bit
                                                                                                                                                                                                      UASU

                                                                                                                        omf" vokm
                                                                                                                          14-ts-20

                                                                                                                                                            2so

                                                                        VA,
                                                                                                                                                                            Fir


                                                                           IUZ
                                                                                                                                      to I UT
                                                                                                                              243
                                                                                                                                                                                                        t4O

                                                                                       WILL)II Matti           "'-ts.24

                                                                 WILLI1, CkUK
                                                                   14-15-27                                                                                                          I"It           it" clklubg
                                                                           +                                                                                                       Xfl                  waste
                                                                      Z40   age                                                        #UOLIC CLAMMINO IAOtM                                        wZ6.04
                                                                                                                                                                                        culwAnti" ISLAM

                                                                                                                                                                                    1EAU               I A
                                                                                                                                                                             R I NE M04E 4 0 URUC Asp CVQIWRot 1414 10 K
                                                                                                                                                                                    OUEEN 11IOUND

                                            14@   If
                                                 237                         210

                                   to"
                                14-15.1                        134                                        NEW MARSH   16LAND                                   =Irm cm malm

                                                                                                        244
                                                                                                                                                                                                    ILAU 1111.
                                                                                                                                                                                                      14
                                                                              CMtNCGnA"                                                                                                                 .'6.05
                                                                                                                                                                                                      1001 DAT
                                                                                                                                         cma                                                    OVEWIP Im
                                                                                                                                                                                                        mIli
                                                                                                                                   A                                                           ILA I fillm4l.



















                                                                  IP27 DATUM                                                 DEEP HotE
                                                             CHINCOTEAGUE SAly                                                 CREEK
                                                                  14-15-17

                                                                                                          L I TTI 963 DATUM
                                                                                                              LE OYSTER  lAY
                                                                                                               14-IS-96



                                                                                                                                                                          IV   DATUM
                                                                                                                                                                     JAMEYT          A13H
                                                                                                                                                                              CJEEK m"3H            CAARS
                                                                                                                                                                           14-16-02                 MAA3H



                                                                                                          EEL
                                                  CHINC01EAOUE                                           CREEK
                                                     ISLAND



                                                                                                           PINEY ISLAND



                                                                                                                                             AWTEA4VE
                                                                                                                                               CHANNEL


                                                                                                                                                                                   JANE 'S
                                                                                                                                                                                       I A
                                                                                                                                                                                    CREE



                                                                                          KWAIES
                                                                                 uzu-


                                     .Zfir...



                                                                                                                                         ASSATEAOUE ISLAND                                                                             ATLANTI
                                                                                                                                        CHINCOTFAOUE N.W.A.                                                                               14.0



                                     Z,


                                                                                    1#03 DATUM
                                                             HAALLY'll               L IYE t:NOAL
                                                               OWN                     A. .03


                                          1901  DATUM
                                         HOAVE MARSH
                                           14-16-04

                                                             WEI
                                                            !
                                                             943 DATUM OVERLAID 70 MATCH
                                                             127 DATUM. 196S DATUM 11
                                                            F OM 11763774 AND 11603774.                                                                                                                                     COMMONWEAL711
                                                                                                                                                                                                                         MARINE RESOURCE
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     LIVE 6
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 ASSAIEAGUE
                                                                                                                                                                                                            =IAlA"-Wrm



                                                     013 DATUM
                                                   ACK 'I.   DRAIN
                                                 IL
                                                     14-16-                                                                                                                                                                 ACCOMACK CO.



      Loin M an m                                                                                           m

































                                                                                                                                                                                             PF 462-1 4 I"3f ARE 1013 DAW
                                                                                                                                                                                  +          SAIAtIl"90" ISP10. iff-H&AVED11"Jil
                                                                                                                                                                                             OVERLAID 10 MA104  19,21 UJ!E"



                                                                                                                                                                               LITTLE VOSOUSTO CREEK
                                                                                                                                                                                      14-15-29






                                         COMMONWEALTH OF VIROINIA
                                       MARINE RESOURCES COMMISSION

                                            LITTLE MO$OUITO, CA.



                                                                                                                                                                                     NATIONAL AERONALITICS AND SPACE ADMIN.
                                          ACCOMACK CO. DISY, 28
                        L
                        600-2860




















                                      COMMONWEALIN OF VIRGINIA
                                    MARINE RESOURCES COMMISSION

                                           CHINCOTEAGUE DAY
                          =w" =w A-IL
                                       ACC'O@U'ACK CO.   DIST. 28






                                                                           9.=t




                                           NORM70M
                                           LANPINO








                                                           HORRIOWN SAY                                                        tHIMtOlE&OkX 10
                                                                                                                                   14-15-17








                                                                                                     262!

                            tF 11632. I'IAII:NIVRU"
                            MOSOU,70 ARE , 3 A7W                                   _(.E
                            OVEALAID ON IP27 MAP.                                        ArIN

                                                                                          #.0. 11 125)


                                   L117LE
                               MOSOU110 CREEK                                                                                                FAX
                                       29                                                                                                   b*VTH 260


                                                                                                                                              261




                                                                                                                                                                                          164
                                      MOIOVI TO CREEK                                COCKLE                           P.O. 9 -                            I - Is-il"    WIAE MAXII003
                                         14-15-23                                     CREEK
                                                                                                                                                                      251
                               bBO




















                                                                                                          CMISAININEALTH OF VIROINIA
                                                                                                       MARINE REGOURCES COMMI44ION                                                                'ILDCAT MUSH
                                                                                                               CHINCOTEAOUE BAY
                                                                                                              ASSATEAGUE CHANNEL




                                                                                                          ACCOUACK CO.         D16T.    20

                                                                                                                            PUBLIC tLAMMINIS OAOUV
                                                                                                                                                                             BAY










                                                                                                                                                                                EAST
                                                                                                                                                                                OUT                        AS.;!mw BAY
                                                                       CHIHCO7EA8UE BAY                                                                                                                        14 15-37
                                                                            14                                                                      &ACH I E
                                                                               -15-17                                                                COVE



                                                                                                                              Jill                                                   woos
                                                                                                                                                                                     WOVE



                                                                                                                                                                                  P.S. 12



                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  ASSAT
                                                                                                                                                                                     W,                                          CHINCOT


                                                                                                                                                               P.O. of                                LITTLE MORRIS
                                                                                      +                                                                          l2s)                                      ISLAND
                                                                                                                                                                                                          14     1
                                                                                                                                                                                                           -16-01

                                                                                          ILAKE ?I.




                                            L=
                                                                       4
                                                                                                        CHINC97EA" ISLAM
                                                                                                                                                                                     MORRIS 15LAND
                                                                   Z63                                                                         1-40  STE    y
                                                                                                                                                    y
                                                                                    rJr'                                                           4-15-08                      M07Ee       11 ISLAM.
                                                                                                                                          -Ur                                   11TOTOLY'STEEPJAY. AND
                                                                                                                                                                                A1:ATEAr        Al ON
                                                                                                                                                                                10 3   AW   OVERLAIP
                                                                                                                                                                                         102,  0AILU.
                                                                                                                                                                                I    T          AOM
                                                                                                                                                                                198"3OACT                      1 111LE
                                                                                    CHIKOTEAOLE SAY                                                                                     W
                                                                                    LEAS0 NOT SHINN                          Pep                                                MAI .164                           -ï¿½L.
                                                ;Uwig    upp
                                                                                    I full
                                                                                                                                                                                                              Lm






















                                          SUM lAY
                                           14-15-as















                                       ASSAIEWA ISLAND
                                      CHIMCOIEAOM N.W.A.










                                                                                                                                  ATLANTIC OCEAN
                                                                                                                                     IA-OD-OO






















                                                                                                                                                                                 COMMONWEALT14 OF
                                                                                                                                                                               UARINE RESOURCES

                                                                                                                                                                                      ASSATEAOVE
                                                                                                                                                                    =11-A
                         L72920                                                                                                                                     m            ACC@OM'ACICI@Cvo.



     illimm m @muwmvw@mwmm MGM










                                           COMMONWEALTH OF V ROINIA
                                                                IRI
                                         MARINE RESOURCES COMMISSION
                                                CHINCOTEAGUE PAY
                               r.m               GREENBACKVILLE
                                            ACCOMACK CO.      1>131. 2b


                                                                                                            MARYLAND

                                                                                                                                           . ...............




                                                                                                            VIROINIA      +


















                                                                                           CAflAIM*9 COVE SUIDV.




                                                                      moll 1
                                                                      SlA7IOM3 CAI. lOWN3END. CEpn(*.
                                                                        CAP NO, COORDINAIED OR MA#FEP.
                                                                                                                                                                                     ICHINCOTEASM SAY       P
                                                                            P.O. NO. 9                                                                                                   W-IS-IT




                                                    $WA4 OVF CREEK



                                                                                                                                                                                               I'VILIC CLAMMI
                                                             P.O. NO. 4               P.O. NO. 5

























                                                                                          WE














                          LON% f7



                                                                                                                                                    PUILIC CLAWINS SKOtM 1251



                                                                                       CHINCOTEA W SAY
                                                                                          14.1 VIT





                                                                                                                                             269

                                                                                                                           Co"Ps M&ASHEs


                                                                                                                                           "Imp

                         HSI





                                                                                                        tUILIC CLAMMIHS GAWJNP 12S)



                                                                               COMMONWEALTH OF VIRGINIA
                                                                              MARINE RESOURCES COMMISSION
                                                                                   CHINCOTEAGVE SAY
                                                                    MarIll  MATI.    COARDS MARSHES

                                                                                                                                                   Ku
                                                                                                                                                   @WN COVE          TILKAT PT.
                                                                                ACCOMACK7CIO. 0';ST.  23
                                                                                                                                     I
                                                                                                                                    pz@



                           Mimi m@@lwomlmwwm









                                     COMMONWEALTH OF VIROINIA
                                   MARINE RESOURCEOP COMM166ION
                                         CHINCOTEAOVE OAY
                                            FOPE6 SAY
                          mm -_w =Ira
                                             -ME I I.-


                                     ACCOMACK CO.   DIST. 26

















































                                                                            14-15-17




 I
 I                                                               APPENDIX D
 I              VIMS Baylor Ground Surveys
 I
 I
 1,
 I
 I
 I
 I
 i
 I

 2
 0

 a









 14




 44



                        @tllmmmmmwwlmmm                                                                                                                                                                                                         -










                                                                                                    SEASIDE








                                                                                                                               cm.c



























                                                                                                           It                         4.1



                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     GZB


                                                                                                                                                                            Lf




















                              SEASIDE


                                                          Jr



                                                    P7

                                                                 )2


                                                Ar



                                          44


                                                           Ar























                                               V-1



















                                                     SEASIDE







































                                                   "n" Kc.











                                                                          co




























                                 0,.I. R.Ck          S..d -d M.d

                                 S"I ard M,d         Clay
                                 Sb.11 ww S&W                                                                        clpne*
                                 8-d                                                                                                          S4
                                 S..d          MS..  MW S-."d                                                       Gut
                                               OCC   OClhipod                                                                               a

                                   Old Boyllw U.
                           ......  Fw-,,S?wel,n                                                                                           12
                                   S,01, ..d.1y
                                   Rw-fld                                                 SEC A


                        0              .000            Ou TON                            SEC's
                                                        SHOPES A-
                         0                                                     -"It (SEC-C
                                                                 10-al
                                                                           -7- -7
                          LOCUSTVILLE
                                                                                                    GRE4,'


                                                                                                                   -k-


                                                                                            f-T
                                                                                                                                G
                                                       0.0.      BUR70,V
                                                                                -7

                                               .0.                                                                                  ly



                                                                                                                           cqvc.








                                                                                                            8.2 y


                                                                                                                               CEOAn
                                                 HAVLOVIR
                                                                                                                               ISLAND




                                                                                  ... @loc@
                                                                                     N.,


                                                                                              V.

                                                         9iL                                                                  m
                                                                            GOO                                        WYE     a           -C mEAGUE
                                                                                                                       CHA A'S             C0 L@ O@
                                                             ,C,                                                                        40WACHA@E"VE
                                                                  ..be;
                                                    O.G

                                                                                                                                          0
                                SEASIDE                                                                                                      LW- O@T












                                             5 SEASIDE
                                                                                                                                                                       2


                                                                          ORA     a

                                                      -A
                                                                       V
                                         c..AC.
                                                HAUL                                                           ,RADfORO CHAN
                                                                                                                                                              10
                                                OVER


                                                                                                                                                           13
                                                                                                  \4  .. .1.
                                                                                                                                                            '0
                                                                    84qA
                                                                        ZPAOAD BAr












                                                                                                                                                                                        PARRAMORE
                                                                                                                                                                                          ISLAND
                                                                                                                                                                110



                                               BRADFORD NECK




                                                                                                                                             S.,-*SH BAY





                                                          Oy,W Rock                   So.* .@o M@d
                                                          Shell Wd Md                 cl.,                                                                                                  DRAW

                                                          Shell d.d Soho
                                                                                                                                                                   7.,
                                                          S-d Shell                   8Arrv Bolt-
                                                          S-d                 NS      Not S-eyea
                                                                              OCC     occ.p,ta

                                                            S-YIQI L
                                                  - - -     Old SQyI0, L-
                                                   -------- F.,rner Sh.,.I,..                                                  %if                    CHAP4
                                                            S101. Sowtdcry
                                                            k.ol.t.d

                                            UPSHUR
                                               NECK




                                                                      j1.,,SH4UjR BAY
  IRMO                                                                                                          MAJOR 'OLE
                                                                                                                     RAY                                           -
                                                                                                                                                                   0
















                                                                                                                                                                                 oysle, Rack

                                                                                                                                                                                 She]) and Mu4

                                                                                                                                                                                 Shell and Sand

                                                                                                                                                                                 B.,..d shell
                                                                                                      w                                                                  ED      Smd                N S

                                                                                                                                                                                   Baylor Lin
                                                       10                                                                                                                          Old Baylor Lino
                                                     12                                                                                                                            For or Shwehns
                                                                                                                                                                                   S."' Boundary
                                                    13                                                                                                                             1.11
                                                                                                                                                                                     stricted


                                                                LANUMG-
                                                                                                                                                                                             swAsH 8Ar
                                                                                                                                                         cp

                                                                                                                                             TROUr
                                                                                     %
                                                                                                           ups@A
                                                                                                                                                                       CIYA A,
                                                                                                                                                            @Oop





                                                                                                                                      .4y*
                                                                                                                                                          1w




                                                                                                                                                                           ft

                                                                                                                      WH rf  PfACH
                                                                                                  -Z                   Cove
                                                                                                                                                            4            t

                                                                                         \x
                                                                                                                                                                                                 REVEL I



                                                                                                                                                                   to,
                                                                                                              Al fNR                                 N
                                                                                                          f C11
                                                                                                 SAN
                                                                                                                               SAmD.
                                                      ..........                                               SANDY ISLAND                       4

                                                                                BOROE,.,TAKE                                                                                       0
                                                                                    qAf                                                                                                               0 00
                                                        SEASIDE
                                                                                                                                                                                   0










                                            SEASIDE                                                                           Y   7*30'                                                                   7-30'                           +



                                                                                                                                                                                                                    SANDY                     ISLA

                                                                                                         4


                                                                                                  p




                                                                 UPSH
                                                                         R NECK
                                                                                                                                                   % ab,




                                                       WESTCOTT



                                                                                          ......                           _@06    ISIAIVO BAr                                      --A

                                                      9.7
                                                                                                                                                                                                  .4.



                                                                                                                                                                                                     CU
                                                                                                                                                                                                       %E@
                                                                                                                                NORrtf CHANNFL
                                                                                                                                                                                                       A 0


                                                   Oym, Rock                       Sand and Mud

                                                   Shell and Mud                   Cloy                                                                                                                                                        UR
                                          E'A Shell and Sand                       G,o,oel                                                                                                                                                     (L-
                                                   Buried Shell                    Barren Bottom
                                                   Sand                   NS       No'uSu,,,eyed                                                                                                                                                IZZ)
                                                                          occ      Occ ped                                                                                                                                       EGGI G
                                                                                                                                                                                                                     EGGING                      N
                                          - - -       Baylor Line                                                                                                                                                   MARSH
                                             - -      Old Baylor Line                                                 d                       .600
                                                ----  Farm, Shouehne
                                                      State Boundary
                                                      Restricted
                                                                                                                      0



                                                                          loll 1111111110 M M 010 M M ON M






                                                          SEASIDE




                                                                                                                                                                                                                   &LACAf DOCK COYAf


                                                                                                                                                             NoRrm cNANNIL



                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        UR



                                                                                                                            V
                                                                                                           ... 4.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        RSm

                                                                                                                           so_
                                                                                                                                                               NOG ISLAND BAY
                                                                                 A
                                                                   ;41   f.,
                                                                                                                                                                                                          -1@ A.1
                                                                              01,
                                                                                                                                                                                                           OV.
                                                                                                 7r
                                                                                                   : xk-@

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    +


                                                                                                                                                                                                         HiGH
                                                                                                                                                                                                          SHOAL
                                                                                                                                                                                                            MARSH








                                                                                                                                                                            +                            +

                                                                                       d
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 ow.,




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 OcIc   Nl1'.a
                                                                         sNoRT                                                                                                                                          Z-Z B., L..
                                                                           PRONG                                                                                                                                                 Old ft@ L.
                                                                             MARSH





                                                        a                  *oo                                                                                                                                                                     d, Lo..wl a
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                '.Y' 6U"





                                                         0




















                                                                                   SEASIDE

                                                                                                                                                                                                 LY






                                                                                                                                                                       7'
































                                                                                                                                                                                                       ecle- A.'s

                                                                                                             +
                                                                                                                                                           +             11 11E


















                                                                     10 SEASIDE

                                                                                                                            ---- ------------













                                                                                                                                                                                                             4.@   ITT
                                                                                      IT













                                                                                                                                                                                                                  LITTLE
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             cma U..o

                                                                                                                                                                                          SIG
                                                                            -I-
                                                                                                                                                      41,

                                                                                                                                                                                                                      C2
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Oil

















                                                            11 SEASIbE
                                                                                                       JYJ
                                                                                           _x                       zn@o















                                                                                                                                                       MIN

                                                                                                                                                             "4,








                                   12 SEASIDE

                                                      +                                                                           +                        +
                                                                                                                  COW SAY

                                                                                                                                                                        5AAo [email protected] jmxrr
                                    SAAIV SAVAL CHANVIt






                                                                                                                                                     QA,
                                                                                                                   A-


                                                                                                           mr

                                                                                                                                    .01                  *RECK ISLAND
                                                                                               MAN       Y MARSH






                                                      NEW MARS14                                           l:






                                                                                                            SOUTH sAy










                                                                                                                                           CZ
                                                                                                                                                    No

















                                                                                              GODWIN ISLAND
                                                                                    mps










                                                -ITE PERCH
                                                                    MIOGLI
                                                                    NIN,





                                                                                                -IN- 'SLA-0                        V
                                                                                                                                                                  S.               S    .1 S-.
                                                                                                                                                                                 @c







                                                                                                                                                                   0
                                                                                r /n(
                                               BIG CREE.
                                                 "As.
                                                                                                                                                                    0



















                                                                                                                            13 SEASIDE































                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                .....................





                                                                                                                              NOAA COASTAL SERVICES CTR LIBRARY
                                                                                                                                                                          1
                                                                                                                              3 6668 14110950 6
                                                                                                              1.                                                          I
                                                                                                                                                                          I
                                                                                                                                                                          i
                                                                                                                                                                          I
                                                                                                                                                                          I
                                                                                                                                                                          I
                                                                                                                                                                          I
                                                                                                                                                                          I
                                                                                                                                                                          i
                                                                                                                                                                          I
                                                                                                                                                                          i
                                                                                                                                                                          I
                                                                                                                                                                          I
                                                                                                                                                                          I
                                                                                                                                                                          i
                                                                                                                                                                          i
                                                                                                                                                                          I
                                                                                                                                                                          i