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LPotential Wetland Mitigation Sites Within the Municipality of Anchorage COASTAL ZONE INFORMATION CENTER June1988 GB 625 A4 P68 GB 1988 R' EE S 0U R C A N A L Y 5 T S US Department of Commerce NOAA Coastal Services Center Library 2234 South Hobson Avenue Charleston, SC 29405-2413 Potential Wetland Mitigation Sites Within the Municipality of Anchorage US Department of Commerce NOAA Coastal Service, Center Library 2234 South Hobson Avenue Charleston, SC 29405-2413 Prepared by Resource Analysts in association with Falls Creek Environmental Rundquist & Company and Fineline Graphics Prepared for the Municipality of Anchorage Economic Development and Planning Department Contract No. 81837 June1988 ALASKA COASTAL MANAGEMENT PROGRAM The operation of this document was financed in part by funds from the Alaska Coastal Management Program and the Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. U.S. Depart- ment of Commerce. It was administered by the Alaska Department of Community and Regional Affairs, Division of Muncipal and Regional Assistance through the Municipality of Anchorage Alaska. INTRODUCTION The purpose of this project was to identify wetlands within the Municipality of Anchorage (MOA) which may benefit from mitigation actions to: (1) restore or rehabilitate disturbed or significantly altered wetlands; or (2) enhance the value of specific wetlands by modifying or improving their wetland functions. An ancillary objective of this project was to identify wetlands which may be appropriate for acquisition by MOA or other agencies and organizations to protect important wetland functions from development activities or disturbance. Preparation of this list of Potential Wetland Mitigation Sites is the initial phase of soliciting agency and public input for wet- land locations of concern and assimilating preliminary background information to evaluate the potential for mitigation actions. This report is intended to be a working document for the MOA subject to updates, revisions, and the inclusion of supplemental information pertinent to the evaluation of potential mitigation actions in wetlands. Funding for this project was provided through a grant from the Alaska Coastal Management Program. EVALUATION PROCEDURES FOR MITIGATION WETLANDS The project team reviewed wetlands identified in the Anchorage Wetlands Management Plan (Draft Revision September 1987), fresh- water wetlands within the MOA but not covered by the Wetlands Management Plan, and wetlands which occur in the intertidal areas within the MOA from Portage Creek to Eklutna. Potential wetland mitigation locations were geographically grouped into three areas: Portage Creek to Girdwood; the Anchorage Bowl; and Eagle River to Eklutna. Information concerning suggested wetland mitigation sites and-general background data was gathered from government agencies, reports, and interviews with knowledgeable individuals concerning Anchorage area wetlands. Individuals and agencies contacted during the course of this study are identified in Appendix A, and a list of references is presented in Appendix B. Approximately 90 wetland locations were initially evaluated by the project team; 51 wetland sites are considered in this report. Each wetland site is identified, pertinent descriptive information pro- vided, and a location map of the site attached. The sites have been numbered sequentially from south to north with a prefix of "P11 for the Portage-Girdwood area, "A" for the Anchorage Bowl, and "E" for the Eagle River-Eklutna area. An Evaluation Date has also been included to allow for revision and updating of individual site in- formation or the inclusion of additional wetland locations. Since field reconnaissance of potential mitigation sites was not included within the scope of work for this phase of the project, the summary information, evaluations, and potential mitigation actions present- ed are based primarily on input received during interviews and data collection. In assessing potential mitigation wetlands, particular attention was given to biological and hydrological characteristics of each site. Human use data, zoning, ownership, aerial photography, reference to Anchorage Wetlands Management Plan information, and soils data were also noted when available. Wetland types were divided into coastal/estuarine and freshwater. The identification of wetland functions follows the approach outlined in the September 1987 draft revision to the Anchorage Wetlands Plan and includes: 0 groundwater recharge/discharge 0 flood storage and desynchronization 0 shoreline anchoring/erosion control 0 sediment trapping 0 nutrient retention and removal 0 food chain support 0 fisheries habitat 0 wildlife habitat 0 active recreation 0 passive recreation/heritage value A map of the general wetland location, wetland boundary, and area of interest for potential mitigation action is included for each site. The wetland boundary depicted is consistent with the wetland 2 limits currently recognized in the September 1987 draft Revised Anchorage Wetlands Plan. In some cases, particularly outside the Anchorage Bowl, suitable base maps were unavailable. Due to the preliminary status of background information for indiv- idual wetland sites, the Potential Mitigation Actions as outlined are purposefully general, as is appropriate for this stage of the project. Future work should include prioritization of wetland mitigation sites, selection of a limited number of high priority wetlands for more detailed evaluation, and preparation of site- specific mitigation plans, including approximate costs for restoration and enhancement activities. WETLAND ACQUISITION In examining the ownership.of potential mitigation wetland sites in this report, it is apparent that many of the wetlands of concern are fully or partially in private ownership. It is recognized that some of the Potential Mitigation Actions discussed may require acquisition of private lands before certain mitigation actions can be implemented. Future discussions of potential acquisition of high value wetlands should include the groups and organizations with wetland interests and the ability to acquire and management such lands. Appropriate groups might include the Alaska Department of Fish and Game, MOA Planning and Economic Development Department, MOA Heritage Land Bank, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, ADNR Division of Parks, Ducks Unlimited, and private land owners, as appropriate. Purchase, trades, lease buy-outs, and other innovative land acquisition actions could be considered by such a group. SITE INFORMATION FOR POTENTIAL MITIGATION WETLANDS The following section presents the assimilated site information for each of the potential wetland mitigation locations. Categories of information coverage are standardized for each site, and a map identifying the location, wetland limits, and general area of mitigation concern follows each information text. 3 POTENTIAL WETLAND MITIGATION SITES within the MUNICIPALITY OF ANCHORAGE 4 MUNICIPALITY OF ANCHORAGE POTENTIAL WETLAND MITIGATION SITE WETLAND SITE NO: Pi EVALUATION DATE: 6/30/88 WETLAND GEOGRAPHIC AREA: PORTAGE TO POTTER MARSH LOCATION NAME: PORTAGE TO GIRDWOOD PONDS MOA WETLAND PLAN DESIGNATION (SEPT. 1987 REVISION): N/A MOA WETLAND MAP SHEET (1982 COVERAGE): N/A MOA AERIAL PHOTO: Date 1985 Number 34-37,38a,39,40 WETLAND OWNERSHIP: MOA Public X Private ZONING: N/A WETLAND FUNCTIONS: Groundwater Recharge/Discharge X Flood Storage & Desynchronization Shoreline Anchoring/Erosion Control X Sediment Trapping X Nutrient Retention & Removal _X Food Chain Support X Fisheries Habitat X Wildlife Habitat X Active Recreation Passive Recreation & Heritage Value X WETLAND TYPE AND DESCRIPTION: Coastal (estuarine) X Freshwater X primarily freshwater runoff impounded between ARR and Seward Highway; some areas are perched above tidal influence., while others are actively influenced by tidal fluctuations SOILS: typical soils may include near surface bedrock with coarse grained colluvial deposits overlain by and intermixed with fine-grained tidal deposits (silts) Depth to water table: may be near surface Surface soil erodibility: may be highly erodible 5 EXISTING HABITAT AND VEGETATION'. open water ponds with vegetated margins FISH AND WILDLIFE USE: ponds have been sampled by ADF&G and many found to support Dolly Varden and rearing juvenile coho salmon; seasonal migratory bird use, especially in the spring HUMAN USE: wildlife viewing. HYDROLOGY: Watershed: unnamed creeks Location within watershed: at creek mouth/estuary Water Balance Components: Mean annual precipitation: about 40 inches (Ott Water Engrs, 1979) Evapotranspiration: 10-20 inches estimated for Anchorage (Zenone, 1976), likely similar for this area Tidal influence: diurnal tide will likely contribute water to the site Stream channel inflow/outflow: significant inflow from the small creeks draining the mountains during the snowmelt period in spring and rainstorms in the late summer and fall - stream outflow will probably be significant because of the excess precipitation over evapotranspiration Surface runoff inflow: significant during runoff events in areas where surface runoff has not been concentrated into creek channels Groundwater inflow/outflow: ponds generally at or near sea level - groundwater interchange would probably be negligable Storage capacity: ponds generally have small surface areas and confined overbank areas and would not likely be capable of storing large quantities of water during a runoff event Water Quality Components: Wetland quality: unknown; probably minimal capacity for water quality improvement within the wetland Pollutant sources: washoff from the Seward Highway and railroad embankments may contribute sediments,,oil and grease, and other pollutants to the ponds; runoff from the mountains would tend to flush pollutants from the ponds SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION: 1"=100 feet MOA Maps 5112, 5113, 5214, 5314 6 POTENTIAL MITIGATION ACTIONS: Restoration Enhancement X Acquisition Existing ponds upslope of the Seward Highway and ARR could be enhanced to provide nesting, feeding, and staging habitat for waterfowl and waterbirds. Where juvenile salmonids have access to the wetlands and ponds, rearing areas could be developed. 7 NO MAP AVAILABLE Identification of Potential Wetland Mitigation Sites Within the Municipality of Anchorage site fiORTAGE TO - Prepared by: Resou Site No.: Pi Name: GIRDWOOD WETLANDS I MOA Wetland No.: NIA Analysts 7188 MUNICIPALITY OF ANCHORAGE POTENTIAL WETLAND MITIGATION SITE WETLAND SITE NO: P2 EVALUATION DATE: 6/30/88 WETLAND GEOGRAPHIC AREA: PORTAGE TO POTTER MARSH LOCATION NAME: TWENTYMILE RIVER DRAINAGE MOA WETLAND PLAN DESIGNATION (SEPT 1987 REVISION): N/A MOA WETLAND MAP SHEET (1982 COVERAGE): N/A MOA AERIAL PHOTO: Date 1985 Number 40,41,42 WETLAND OWNERSHIP: MOA Public X Private ZONING: N/A WETLAND FUNCTIONS: Groundwater Recharge/Discharge X Flood Storage & Desynchronization X Shoreline Anchoring/Erosion Control X Sediment Trapping X Nutrient Retention & Removal Food Chain Support X Fisheries Habitat X Wildlife Habitat X Active Recreation X Passive Recreation & Heritage Value WETLAND TYPE AND DESCRIPTION: Coastal (estuarine) X Freshwater X Lower reach of the Twentymile River system is tidally influenced with tidal guts extending into the wetland from the main river. Wetlands are open marsh with limited availability of open water in some areas. SOILS: may be alluvial deposits with significant amounts of silts and clay overlain by peat Depth to water table: may be near surface Surface soil erodibility: N/A 8 EXISTING HABITAT AND VEGETATION: sparse vegetation, with fairly uniform sedges; high water table; limited open water ponds FISH AND WILDLIFE USE: waterfowl and geese spring and fall staging, feeding; some nesting but limited due to type of habitat; some fall staging for sandhill cranes when migration over Portage Pass is halted by weather; used by moose summer and winter; pink, king, sockeye, coho in Twentymile River system; possible rearing in wetlands by king and coho salmon HUMAN USE: wildlife viewing, hunting, fishing, trapping, cross country skiing, HYDROLOGY: Watershed: Twentymile River Location within watershed: on and adjacent to tributary creeks that are tidally influenced Water Balance Components: Mean annual precipitation: about 40 inches (Ott Water Engrs, 1979) Evapotranspiration: 10-20 inches estimated for Anchorage (Zenone, 1976), likely similar for this area Tidal influence: diurnal tide will likely contribute water to the site Stream channel inflow/outflow: significant inflow is probable from the small creeks draining the mountains during the snowmelt period in spring and rainstorms in the late summer and fall; stream outflow will likely be significant because of the excess precipitation over evapotranspiration Surface runoff inflow: significant during runoff events along mountains in areas where surface runoff has not been concentrated into creek channels Groundwater inflow/outflow: unknown - wetland may recharge groundwater, but quantity of net outflow is likely to be small Storage capacity: large surface area of wetlands provides a large storage capacity for probable longer duration flow through potential mitigation areas Water Quality Components: Wetland quality: unknown; probably significant capacity for water quality improvement within the wetland Pollutant sources: some washoff from railroad, but most mitigation areas may not be affected SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION: prior enhancement work on wetland areas along west side of Twentymile River; depressions blasted by joint state/federal effort to provide open water for waterfowl; ponds made too deep, sides too straight 9 POTENTIAL MITIGATION ACTIONS: Restoration Enhancement X Acquisition Tidal guts on west side tributaries could have water control structures or checkdams installed to provide shallow, seasonally flooded wetlands for staging and nesting waterfowl. Structures may be designed to create estuarine wetlands with occasional tidal mixing. Shallow water wetland could provide rearing habitat for for salmonids spawned in other areas of the Twentymile River drainage. 10 NO MAP AVAILABLE Identification of Potential Wetland Mitigation Sites Within the Municipality of Anchorage Site No.: TWENTY MILE Prepared by: Reso P2 Site Name: RIVER MOA Wettand No.: N/A Analysts 7/88 MUNICIPALITY OF ANCHORAGE POTENTIAL WETLAND MITIGATION SITE WETLAND SITE NO: P3 EVALUATION DATE: 6/30/88 WETLAND GEOGRAPHIC AREA: PORTAGE T0 POTTER MARSH LOCATION NAME: GIRDWOOD TIDEFLATS EAST OF GLACIER CREEK MOA WETLAND PLAN.DESIGNATION (SEPT. 1987 REVISION): N/A MOA WETLAND MAP SHEET (1982 COVERAGE): N/A MOA AERIAL PHOTO: Date 1985 Number 35 WETLAND OWNERSHIP: MOA Public x Private ZONING: N/A WETLAND FUNCTIONS: Groundwater Recharge/Discharge Flood Storage & Desynchronization x Shoreline Anchoring/Erosion Control x Sediment Trapping x Nutrient Retention & Removal Food Chain Support x Fisheries Habitat Wildlife Habitat -X Active Recreation Passive Recreation & Heritage Value x WETLAND TYPE AND DESCRIPTION: Coastal (estuarine) x Freshwater estuarine wetlands with limited open water; some unvegetated tideflats; homogeneous Carex sp. SOILS: The site is in an estuarine deposit geologic unit, composed of silt and clay of marine origin with poor drainage conditions. The following soils information is from a well log at a site in an estuarine deposit geologic unit along the highway northwest of the site (Glass and Brabets, 1988): Type Thickness Permeability Surface layer: wet peat, gravelly 6 ft low Sub layer 1: clay 16 ft very low Sub layer 2: water gravel 22 ft likely high Depth to water table: likely near surface Surface soil erodibility: likely high EXISTING HABITAT AND VEGETATION: sedge meadow and unvegetated tideflats FISH AND WILDLIFE USE: some use by waterfowl and shorebirds, but limited by availability of open water habitats; seasonal use of tideflats by bald eagles (feeding and roosting) HUMAN USE: open space, wildlife viewing (especially bald eagles) HYDROLOGY: Watershed: Glacier Creek Location within watershed: at creek mouth/estuary, adjacent to the channel Water Balance Components: Mean annual precipitation: about 40 inches (Glass and Brabets, 1988) Evapotranspiration: 10-20 inches estimated for Anchorage (Zenone, 1976), likely similar this area Tidal influence: diurnal tide will likely contribute water to the site Stream channel inflow/outflow: significant inflow from Glacier or Virgin Creeks is possible at this site depending on boundaries selected; stream outflow will be significant because of the excess precipitation over evapotranspiration Surface runoff inflow: highway probably blocks surface runoff Groundwater inflow/outflow: site generally at or near sea level; groundwater interchange would likely be negligible Storage capacity: storage capacity would depend on the ultimate size of the wetland enhanced Water Quality Components: Wetland quality: unknown; site would have low to moderate capacity for water quality improvement within the wetland Pollutant sources: washoff from the Seward Highway may contribute sediments, oil and grease, and other pollutants to the wetland SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION: 1"=100 feet MOA Maps 5112, 5113 12 POTENTIAL MITIGATION ACTIONS: Restoration Enhancement. x Acquisition some areas of tideflats support homogeneous sedge communities but lack open water areas, suitable nesting locations, feeding areas which would encourage waterfowl use of the wetland habitat; develop shallow depressions which would be influenced by marine waters but not degraded by silt deposition; consider possible impoundment by embankment to retain outflow of Glacier and/or Virgin Creeks 13 IC @b Ab A, _)40 A, *(040 Q q 40 A, OA',4,0 #0,40 SCIVO 0, S S 10, ........... .............. ............... .............. ............... ............... 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Identification of Potential Wetland Mitigation Sites Within the Municipality of Anchorage Prepared by: Resource Site No.: P3 Site Name: GIRDWOOD TIDEFLATS I MOA Wetland No.: None Analysts 7/88 Scale: 1'1=1001 MUNICIPALITY OF ANCHORAGE POTENTIAL WETLAND MITIGATION SITE WETLAND SITE NO: P4 EVALUATION DATE: 6/30/88 WETLAND GEOGRAPHIC AREA: PORTAGE TO POTTER MARSH LOCATION NAME: VIRGIN CREEK WETLANDS MOA WETLAND PLAN DESIGNATION (SEPT. 1987 REVISION): 158/166 MOA WETLAND MAP SHEET (1982 COVERAGE): N/A MOA AERIAL PHOTO: Date 1985 Number 35, 36 WETLAND OWNERSHIP: MOA X (158) Public X (166) Private ZONING: R-11 (Turnagain Arm District) WETLAND FUNCTIONS: Groundwater Recharge/Discharge X Flood Storage & Desynchronization X Shoreline Anchoring/Erosion Control X Sediment Trapping Nutrient Retention & Removal _X V Food Chain Support di. Fisheries Habitat X Wildlife Habitat X Active Recreation Passive Recreation & Heritagd Value X WETLAND TYPE AND DESCRIPTION: Coastal (estuarine) X Freshwater X series of partly-connected patterned, open-complex wetlands north of ARR right-of-way within Virgin Creek floodplain (MOA wetland 158); between ARR and Seward Highway, wetlands important to water quality of lower Glacier and Virgin Creeks SOILS: site is mostly in an estuarine deposit geologic unit, composed of silt and clay of marine origin with poor drainage conditions; the following soils information is from a well log at a site in an estuarine deposit geologic unit along the highway northwest of the site (Glass and Brabets, 1988): 14 Type Thickness Permeability Surface layer: wet peat, gravelly 6 ft low Sub layer 1: clay 16 ft very low Sub layer 2: water gravel 22 ft likely high Depth to water table: likely near surface Surface soil erodibility: N/A EXISTING HABITAT AND VEGETATION: sedge meadows in tidally-influenced areas FISH AND WILDLIFE USE: - waterbirds, moose, beaver, muskrat, pink and coho salmon HUMAN USE: wildlife viewing HYDROLOGY: hydrological association of Glacier Creek and Virgin Creek mixed upstream from wetland area; Watershed: Virgin Creek Location within watershed: near creek mouth/estuary, on and adjacent to the channel Water Balance Components: Mean annual precipitation: about 40 inches (Glass and Brabets, 1988) Evapotranspiration: 10-20 inches estimated for Anchorage (Zenone, 1976), likely similar for this area Tidal influence: diurnal tide will likely contribute water to the site Stream channel inflow/outflow: significant inflow from Virgin Creek and other unnamed creeks is possible at this site; Virgin Creek may have sustained base flow in winter (Glass and Brabets, 1988); stream outflow will be significant because of the stream inflow and excess precipitation over evapotranspiration Surface runoff inflow: surface runoff likely from the mountain to the east Groundwater inflow/outflow: site may have a net outflow to the groundwater system Storage capacity: storage capacity is likely to be large Water Quality Components: Wetland quality: Virgin Creek has relativly low concentra- tions of dissolved solids and the primary cation and anion are calcium and bicarbonate (Glass and Brabets, 1988); wetland may have moderate capacity for water quality improvement within the wetland 15 Pollutant sources: washoff from the Railroad may contribute sediments, oil and grease, and other pollutants to the wetland SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION: 1"=100 feet MOA Maps 5014, 5015 POTENTIAL MITIGATION ACTIONS: Restoration Enhancement X Acquisition possible impoundment of Virgin Creek flow upstream from ARR to create open water areas (MOA wetland 158); may also use winter construction to create shallow, irregular depressions and islands in wetlands complex; impoundment in tidally-influenced area could create estuarine wetlands with open water suitable for waterfowl staging and feeding; may be able to develop freshwater or moderately estuarine rearing areas for salmonids, particularly coho salmon 16 ... ........ ........................ ................. ......................... ................ ................. .................. ...........I ............... ................. ............................ .................. ............................ ................. ............................. .................. ............................. .................. .............................. .................. .............................. .................. ............................... ............... ... ............................... .................... ................................ ..................... ................................ ....................... ...........*................ ....... ......................... ................. ..... ....... ........................... ... ........ .....................I............. .............. ........ .................... ............ .......... ...... ................... .......... .... ......... .......... ........... ........ ........... ................................................. ............... 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Identification of Potential Wetland Mitigation Sites Within the Municipality of Anchorage VIRGINOREEK Prepared by: Resource Site No.; P4 Site Name: WETLANDS MOA Wet land No.: 158 & 166 1 Analysts 7/88 TS1,11, MUNICIPALITY OF ANCHORAGE POTENTIAL WETLAND MITIGATION SITE WETLAND SITE NO: P5 EVALUATION DATE: 6/30/88 WETLAND GEOGRAPHIC AREA: PORTAGE TO POTTER MARSH LOCATION NAME: TIMBERLINE DRIVE & VAIL DRIVE MOA WETLAND PLANDESIGNATION (SEPT. 1987 REVISION): 145 MOA WETLAND MAP SHEET (1982 COVERAGE): @N/A MOA AERIAL PHOTO: Date 1985 Number 34, 36 WETLAND OWNERSHIP: MOA Public Private ZONING: R-11 (Turnagain Arm District-) WETLAND FUNCTIONS: Groundwater Recharge/Discharge X Flood Storage & Desynchronization X Shoreline Anchoring/Erosion Control Sediment Trapping X Nutrient Retention & Removal Food Chain Support Fisheries Habitat Wildlife Habitat X Active Recreation X Passive Recreation & Heritage Value WETLAND TYPE AND DESCRIPTION: Coastal (estuarine) Freshwater X high water table open bog with some beaded pond development SOILS: site appears to be in a glacial diamicton geologic unit, composed of chiefly diamicton containing high proportion of silt and clay matrix with generally poor drainage conditions (Glass and Brabets, 1988): Depth to water table: may be near surface Surface soil erodibility: N/A EXISTING HABITAT AND VEGETATION: two to four small open water ponds with water lilies, some emergent vegetation on margins 17 FISH AND WILDLIFE USE: past use by small numbers of shorebirds; some potential for occassional summer use by moose; however, area is stall, surrounded by residential development, and lacks cover HUMAN USE: open space, hiking, wildlife viewing HYDROLOGY: Watershed: unnamed creeks Location within,watershed: unknown Water Balance Components: Mean annual precipitation: about 40 inches (Glass and Brabets, 1988) Evapotranspiration: 10-20 inches estimated for Anchorage (Zenone, 1976), likely similar for this area Tidal influence: none Stream channel inflow/outflow: apparently a small channel flowing through the site Surface runoff inflow: surface runoff possible from the mountain to the east Groundwater inflow/outflow: site may have a net outflow to the groundwater system Storage capacity: storage capacity may be small Water Quality Components: Wetland quality: unknown; probably has little capacity for water quality improvement within the wetland Pollutant sources: developed residential area may introduce washoff which may contribute sediments, oil and grease, and other pollutants to the wetland SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION: 1"=100 feet MOA Maps 4915, 4916 some open space plotted in private ownership lands POTENTIAL MITIGATION ACTIONS: Restoration x Enhancement Acquisition Wetlands southeast of road intersection should be evaluated for water flow disturbance from surrounding residential development. Altered drainage patterns may need attention to restore wetland to pre-disturbance condition. 18 E I S-S 9 -> a 7 R-11 3 4 AD 2 to CO 3 0 -9 5 4 /0 9 F 7 3 to 9 NA 10 3 4 P R. 7 5 6 to 9 8 PARK RES. TR- 5 - an 7 4 Is O@lp z 3 4 C 6 C A 16 P. R. 9 13 15 T -4 R C', 9 12 4 4b 46 0 \t <v FC VA 1R. 23 1 2 3 4 5 10 a Y. 10 19 2 I !;.r ANONIrZ OR. 3 C4 10 4 40 7 9 0 14 9 39 9 10 10 11 12 Oft RIN D E 13 it 12 1b 4- 17 2 9 21 R-11 7 16 \J%q Ot Zo lk Wetland Areaof M M Mitigation Interest Identification of Potential Wetland Mitigation Sites Within the Municipality of Anchorage TIMBERLINE DRIVE Prepared by: Resou Site No.: Site Name: AND VAIL DRIVE MOA Wetland No.: 145 Analysts 7/88 @Scale- 1-=500, MUNICIPALITY OF ANCHORAGE POTENTIAL WETLAND MITIGATION SITE WETLAND SITE NO: P6 EVALUATION DATE: 6/30/88 WETLAND GEOGRAPHIC AREA: PORTAGE TO POTTER MARSH LOCATION NAME: GLACIER CREEK MOA WETLAND PLAN DESIGNATION ( SEPT. 1987 REVISION): 144 (west part) MOA WETLAND MAP SHEET (1982 COVERAGE): N/A MOA AERIAL PHOTO: Date 1985 Number 36 WETLAND OWNERSHIP: MOA X Public Private ZONING: R-11 (Turnagain Arm District) WETLAND FUNCTIONS: Groundwater Recharge/Discharge X Flood Storage & Desynchronization X Shoreline Anchoring/Erosion Control Sediment Trapping X Nutrient Retention & Removal Food Chain Support Fisheries Habitat X Wildlife Habitat X Active Recreation Passive Recreation & Heritage Value 11 WETLAND TYPE AND DESCRIPTION: Coastal (estuarine) Freshwater X wetlands adjoining east side of Glacier creek downstream from crossing of Alyeska Highway SOILS: site is in a glacial diamicton geologic unit, composed of chiefly diamicton containing high proportion of silt and clay matrix with generally poor drainage conditions (Glass and Brabets, 1988) Depth to water table: probably near surface Surface soil erodibility: N/A EXISTING HABITAT AND VEGETATION: unknown 19 - FISH AND WILDLIFE USE: Dolly Varden and coho salmon utiliz e Glacier Creek, but suitable clear water rearing areas are limited HUMAN USE: open space, wildlife viewing, fishing HYDROLOGY: hydrological connection of MOA wetland 144 to Glacier Creek not known but suspected Watershed: Glacier Creek Location within watershed: adjacent to creek; may be within floodplain of unknown recurrence interval (Flood Insurance Study may identify flood boundary) Water Balance Components: Mean annual precipitation: about 40 inches (Glass and Brabets, 1988) Evapotranspiration: 10-20 inches estimated for Anchorage (Zenone, 1976), likely similar for this area Tidal influence: none Stream channel inflow/outflow: unknown Surface runoff.inflow: surface runoff likely from the developed area and mountain to the east Groundwater inflow/outflow: site may receive a net inflow from the groundwater system Storage capacity: storage capacity may be large Water Quality Components: Wetland quality: unknown; site may have low to moderate capacity for water quality improvement within the site Pollutant sources: developed residential area may introduce washoff which may contribute sediments, oil and grease, and other pollutants to the wetland SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION: 1"=100 feet MOA Map 4815 POTENTIAL MITIGATION ACTIONS: Restoration Enhancement x Acquisition Construction of access channels and shallow depressions in wetland could provide rearing habitat for salmon. The site should be connected only at outlet so that silty water from Glacier Creek is not allowed to enter and eventually fill up the site with silt. Suitable rearing habitat is limited in the Glacier Creek drainage. 20 D8L 40 4V&... An .50 r.9 Ll .50AA 70 04 2 S. 43 te, 8 A FR-a .@A C, 0 R-4 A/Yec PLI ................ VE. C .4 .......... C/S# . ..... .... . .. . ........ . ......... . 9 ..... 41 ..... . ........ .. ......... 4 13 0- 9 4b 4b . ............. ......... ::4V: -4 ....................... 4 ....... ............... D-2 rR-a . ......... ........ ........ 9 x ..... ......... . ............ ......... ...... .... .......... 9 .......... ........... . .......... .......... 14 ........... .. . ........ .............. ... ......... .... 13 R 0-3 ............. ... ........ . ........ ............. . lei ............ ................ ....... 13 X. 0-4 ....... .... 0 G-1 7 110 ....... ........ ............... ...................... ................. ............. 2 7 .......... .. ...................... 9(j E-i .. .... .ik .... ..... ... 3 . ...... .. . . ... . ........ ..... ... ............ .Fz. ::-::;@A ............. .......... . . ...... ............. .................... E-2 A.- ............... ................. 6 ............... ............... ........... .................... ........... ........... . ............... X ................... ......... ...... ...... ... ................ ...................... ................ ...................... .... .......... ................. . ................... .............. RA 4 ........... ............... Wetland X, E-3 ............ .... ........ ............ M Area of ....... .... . -::*.:.:.:.:-:.:.:.:.:-:.:.:.:.: :: mmm Mitigation Interest X: ................ .......... ..... ...... ... ........................ ............. .... ................... Identification of Potential Wetland Mitigation Sites Within the Municipality of Anchorage Site No.: P6 --TSIte Name: GLACIER CREEK MOA Wetland No.: 144 Prepared by: Resource Is: 111=100, Analysts 7/88 Sca MUNICIPALITY OF ANCHORAGE POTENTIAL WETLAND MITIGATION SITE WETLAND SITE NO: P7 EVALUATION DATE: 6/30/88 WETLAND GEOGRAPHIC AREA: PORTAGE TO POTTER MARSH LOCATION NAME: BOG AT UPSTREAM END OF WETLAND 160 MOA WETLAND PLAN DESIGNATION (SEPT. 1987 REVISION): 160 MOA WETLAND MAP SHEET (1982 COVERAGE): N/A MOA AERIAL PHOTO: Date 1985 Number 35 WETLAND OWNERSHIP: MOA Public Private x ZONING: unknown, probably R-11 WETLAND FUNCTIONS: Groundwater Recharge/Discharge x Flood Storage & Desynchronization x Shoreline Anchoring/Erosion Control Sediment Trapping Nutrient Retention & Removal Food Chain Support x Fisheries Habitat x Wildlife Habitat x Active Recreation Passive Recreation & Heritage Value x WETLAND TYPE AND DESCRIPTION: Coastal (estuarine) Freshwater x area is currently sphagnum bog with high water table, limited open water areas; has beaver pond along Tidewater Slough SOILS: The site may be in an estuarine deposit geologic unit composed of silt and clay of marine origin with poor drainage conditions. The following soils information is from a well log at a site to the east near the border between the estuarine deposit and alluvial deposit geologic units (Glass and Brabets, 1988): Type Thickness Permeability Surface layer: organics 2 ft low Sub layer 1: sand and gravel 11 ft high Sub layer 2: silty hardpan 11 ft low 21 - Depth to water table: spongy sphagnum appears to have very high water table Surface soil erodibility: N/A EXISTING HABITAT AND VEGETATION: sphagnum bog, scattered black spruce around margins grading to western hemlock/Sitka spruce in adjoining drier areas FISH AND WILDLIFE USE: moose, snowshoe hare; rearing coho and king salmon in Tidewater Slough HUMAN USE: open space, wildlife viewing, cross country skiing HYDROLOGY: Watershed: Tidewater Slough Location within watershed: upstream segment of slough Water Balance Components: Mean annual precipitation: about 40 inches (Glass and Brabets, 1988) Evapotranspiration: 10-20 inches estimated for Anchorage (Zenone, 1976), likely similar for this area Tidal influence: probably none Stream channel inflow/outflow: significant inflow from unnamed creeks is possible at this site - stream outflow may be significant because of the stream inflow and excess precipitation over evapotranspiration Surface runoff inflow: surface runoff likely from the mountain to the west Groundwater inflow/outflow: site may have a net outflow to,the groundwater system Storage capacity: may be moderate Water Quality Components: Wetland quality: unknown; site may have moderate capacity to improve water quality within the wetland Pollutant sources: none apparent SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION: 1"=100 feet MOA Maps 4812, 4912 POTENTIAL MITIGATION ACTIONS: Restoration Enhancement X Acquisition Lack of open water areas does not allow this wetland to achieve full potential for waterfowl nesting, staging, and feeding habitat. Winter construction could be used to scoop out shallow 22 depressions, ponds, and interconnected channels to attract waterfowl. Advisability of direct hydrologic connection to creek in MOA wetland 160 would have to be investigated. Juvenile coho and king salmon present in Tidewater Slough could utilize accessible open water areas for freshwater rearing. 23 NO MAP AVAILABLE Identification of Potential Wetland Mitigation Sites Within the Municipality of Anchorage .. Prepared by: Resou Site No.: P7 Site Name: WETLAND 160 BOG MOA Wetland No.: 160 1 Analysts 7/88 MUNICIPALITY OF ANCHORAGE. POTENTIAL WETLAND MITIGATION SITE WETLAND SITE NO: P8 EVALUATION DATE: 6/30/88 WETLAND GEOGRAPHIC AREA: PORTAGE TO POTTER MARSH LOCATION NAME: TIDEWATER SLOUGH WETLANDS MOA WETLAND PLAN.DESIGNATION (SEPT. 1987 REVISION): 160/164 MOA WETLAND MAP SHEET (1982 COVERAGE): N/A MOA AERIAL PHOTO: Date 1985 Number 35 WETLAND OWNERSHIP: MOA Public x Private ZONING: unknown WETLAND FUNCTIONS: Groundwater Recharge/Discharge x Flood Storage & Desynchronization x Shoreline Anchoring/Erosion Control x Sediment Trapping x Nutrient Retention & Removal Food Chain Support x Fisheries Habitat x .Wildlife Habitat Active Recreation Passive Recreation & Heritage Value WETLAND TYPE AND DESCRIPTION: Coastal (estuarine) x Freshwater x Wetlands along Tidewater Slough include tidally-influenced open marsh areas immediately upstream from the Seward Highway and open bog areas (freshwater) at the upstream end of the drainage. Beaver pond is apparently present on Tidewater Slough above tidal influence. There is a limited presence of open water areas in the bog habitat. SOILS: Site may be in an estuarine deposit geologic unit composed of silt and clay of marine origin with poor drainage conditions. The following soils information is from a well log at a site to the east near the border between the estuarine deposit and alluvial deposit geologic units (Glass and Brabets, 1988).- 24 Type Thickness Permeability Surface layer: organics 2 ft low Sub layer 1: sand and gravel 11 ft high Sub layer 2: silty hardpan 11 ft low Depth to water table: may be near surface Surface soil erodibility: N/A EXISTING HABITAT AND VEGETATION: sparsely vegetated tidal areas; homogeneous Carex sp. away from tidal guts; open bog with sphagnum moss above tidal influence FISH AND WILDLIFE USE: Tidewater Slough currently provides rearing habitat for coho and king salmon which are apparently spawned in other systems. Rearing habitat in the tidally-influenced slough is very limited. Waterfowl habitat is limited in the tidal area. Beaver are present above tidal influence and have constructed dams on the stream. HUMAN USE: open space, wildlife viewing, cross country skiing HYDROLOGY: Watershed: Tidewater Slough Location within watershed: near creek mouth/estuary, probably on and adjacent to the channel Water Balance Components: mean annual precipitation: about 40 inches (Glass and Brabets, 1988) Evapotranspiration: 10-20 inches estimated for Anchorage (Zenone, 1976), likely similar for this area Tidal influence: diurnal tide may contribute water to the site Stream channel inflow/outflow: significant inflow from unnamed creeks is possible at this site - stream outflow may be significant because of the stream inflow and excess precipitation over evapotranspiration Surface runoff inflow: surface runoff likely from the mountain to the west Groundwater inflow/outflow: site may have a net outflow to the groundwater system Storage capacity: storage capacity is probably large Water Quality Components: Wetland quality: unknown; site probably has moderate capacity to improve water quality within the wetland Pollutant sources: none apparent SUPPLE14ENTAL INFORMATION: 1"=100 feet MOA Map 3134 - 25 POTENTIAL MITIGATION ACTIONS: Restoration Enhancement x Acquisition create open water habitat for waterfowl and suitable rearing areas for salmonids through construction of an impoundment and/or development of interconnected shallow depressions in the riparian wetlands; must balance estuarine habitat for waterfowl, freshwater wetland rearing for salmonids, and fish passage access for juvenile salmonids 26 NO MAP AVAILABLE Identif ication of Potential Wetland Mitigation Sites Within the Municipality of Anchorage Prepared by: Reso Site No.: PS Site Name: TIDEWATER SLOUGH I MOA Wetland No.: 160 Analysts 7/88 MUNICIPALITY OF ANCHORAGE POTENTIAL WETLAND MITIGATION SITE WETLAND SITE NO: Al EVALUATION DATE: 6/30/89- WETLAND GEOGRAPHIC. AREA: ANCHORAGE BOWL LOCATION NAME: WETLAND NORTH OF SECTION HOUSE MOA WETLAND PLAN DESIGNATION (SEPT. 1987 REVISION): 63 MOA WETLAND MAP SHEET (1982 COVERAGE): A110 MOA AERIAL PHOTO: Date 1985 Number 26-16, 9-5 WETLAND OWNERSHIP: MOA Public X Private ZONING: PLI (Public Lands and Institutions) WETLAND FUNCTIONS: Groundwater Recharge/Discharge Flood Storage & Desynchronization X Shoreline Anchoring/Erosion Control Sediment Trapping X Nutrient Retention & Removal X Food Chain Support X Fisheries Habitat X Wildlife Habitat X Active Recreation Passive Recreation & Heritage Value X WETLAND TYPE AND DESCRIPTION: Coastal (estuarine) X? Freshwater X? wetland between ARR and Seward Highway north of Section House; open water and shallow margin vegetation; created by impeded drainage of the two embankments; may be isolated SOILS: probably tidal deposits composed of silt, very fine sand, and maybe clay; infiltration and permeability are extremely low (Emanuel and Cowing, 1982) Depth to water table: likely near surface Surface soil erodibility: N/A 27 EXISTING HABITAT AND VEGETATION: unknown FISH AND WILDLIFE USE: waterfowl, shorebirds, geese, terns, gulls in adjoining Potter Marsh HUMAN USE: wildlife viewing, open space HYDROLOGY: Watershed: none Location within watershed: between highway and railroad embankments with connection to Turnagain Arm Water Balance components: Mean annual precipitation: about 18 inches (Ott Water Engrs, 1979); greatest runoff in late spring and late summer Evapotranspiration: 10-20 inches (Zenone, 1976); greatest amounts in early summer Tidal influence: probably receives water from diurnal tidal cycle Stream channel inflow/outflow: no inflow; probable drainage channel outflow through culverts to tideflats Surface runoff inflow: negligible Groundwater inflow/outflow: may have net outflow,to groundwater Storage capacity: probably small due to small size and steep embankment slopes adjacent to the site Water Quality Components: Wetland quality: unknown; probably minimal water quality improvement capacity within wetland Pollutant sources: washoff from the highway may introduce sediments, oil and grease, and other pollutants to the site SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION: none POTENTIAL MITIGATION ACTIONS: Restoration x . Enhancement Acquisition Remove fill material from wetland between Seward Highway and ARR and re-establish shallow water vegetation. - 28 R-3 SL A.C. 84-21 PLI 4 SL 6-; - 2' 7z 0@ V Wetiand m Area of Mitigation Interest Identification of Potential Wetland Mitigation Sites Within the Municipality of Anchorage Prepared by: Resource Scale: 11'=S001 SECTION HOUSE 63 Analysts 7188 Site No.: Al Site Name WETLAND NORTH Oi MOA Wetland No.: MUNICIPALITY OF ANCHORAGE POTENTIAL WETLAND MITIGATION SITE WETLAND SITE NO: A2 EVALUATION DATE: 6/30/88 WETLAND GEOGRAPHIC AREA: ANCHORAGE BOWL LOCATION NAME: POTTER MARSH MOA WETLAND PLAN.DESIGNATION (SEPT. 1987 REVISION): 63 MOA WETLAND MAP SHEET (1982 COVERAGE): A105 (OX A110 MOA AERIAL PHOTO: Date 1985 Number 8, 9 WETLAND OWNERSHIP: MOA Public X Private X SITE SPECIFIC WETLAND STUDIES: USGS Hydrology; Water Rights Permit ZONING: Potter Point State Game Refuge; State Ownership, ADFG Mgt WETLAND FUNCTIONS: Groundwater Recharge/Discharge X Flood Storage & Desynchronization X Shoreline Anchoring/Erosion Control X Sediment Trapping X Nutrient Retention & Removal X Food Chain Support X Fisheries Habitat X Wildlife Habitat X Active Recreation X Passive Recreation & Heritage Value X WETLAND TYPE AND DESCRIPTION: Coastal (estuarine) X Freshwater X open water estuarine marsh with good mix of feeding, nesting, resting areas; created by the impoundment of Rabbit Creek and Little Survival Creek during construction of the New Seward Highway SOILS: probably tidal deposits composed of silt, very fine sand, and maybe clay; infiltration and permeability are extremely low (Emanuel and Cowing, 1982) Depth to water table: near surface Surface soil erodibility: N/A 29 EXISTING HABITAT AND VEGETATION: (south end) grass and sedges; open water at times, site is gradually drying up; alders, willows, Scirpus sp., Festuca vulca, Calamagrostis sp., wild raspberry, iris, cow parsnip and currant (north end) extensive open water areas connected to Rabbit Creek and Little Rabbit Creek; good mix of open water, vegetated islands, escape/nesting cover FISH AND WILDLIFE USE: main marsh provides some-of the best waterfowl and geese nesting and feeding habitat in the Anchorage area; mallard, pintail, Canada geese, Aleutian tern, gulls most conspicuous; (South end) tree swallows, red-winged black-birds, varied thrush; less suitable for waterfowl since fill placed in the area for roadways, old Weigh Station HUMAN USE: heavily utilized by the public for waterfowl and wildlife viewing, education; parking and viewing amenities provided by ADF&G; walking and hiking; ice skating; open space; cross country skiing. HYDROLOGY: Watershed: Rabbit, Little Rabbit, and Survival Creeks Location within watershed: at mouth/estuary Water Balance components: Mean annual precipitation: about 18 inches (Ott Water Engrs, 1979); greatest runoff in late spring and late summer Evapotranspiration: 10-20 inches (Zenone, 1976); greatest amounts in*early summer Tidal influence: receives water from diurnal tidal cycle Stream channel inflow/outflow: significant amounts; Survival Creek is main source to the south end of Potter Marsh Surface runoff inflow: significant amounts Groundwater inflow/outflow: may have net inflow from groundwater Storage capacity: very large Water Quality Components: Wetland quality: see detailed reports; probably substantial water quality improvement capacity within wetland Pollutant sources: washoff from the highway may introduce sediments, oil and grease, and other pollutant s to the site SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION: 34-acre parcel at the south end of the marsh includes a 55-year lease (expires 2015) for industrial/commercial purposes to Alaska Steel Corporation; several inholdings of private land occur along 30 the east side of Potter Marsh adjoining the Old Seward Highway; detailed hydrology studies have been done at this site 1"=100 feet MOA Map 3034 POTENTIAL MITIGATION ACTIONS: Restoration Enhancement Acquisition X Evaluate buy-out of existing commercial lease to avoid direct development impacts on the wetland should the lease rights be exercised. Consider purchase of private land inholdings to avoid development impacts and consolidate management of the wetland. , Evaluate the advisability and benefits of dredging open water areas to improve waterbird habitat. 31 Y., TfN -j. 500' 0, 500' 1000* SCALE Wetiand Area of Mitigation Interest Identification of Potential Wetland Mitigation Sites Within the Municipality of Anchorage Prepared by: Resource Tm - Analysts 7/88 Scale: Site No.: A2 -FSIte Name: POTTER MARSH OA Wetland No.: 63 MUNICIPALITY OF ANCHORAGE POTENTIAL WETLAND MITIGATION SITE WETLAND SITE NO: A3 EVALUATION DATE: 6/30/88 WETLAND GEOGRAPHIC AREA: ANCHORAGE BOWL LOCATION NAME: RABBIT CREEK WETLANDS MOA WETLAND PLAN-DESIGNATION (SEPT. 1987 REVISION): N/A MOA WETLAND MAP SHEET (1982 COVERAGE): A105 MOA AERIAL PHOTO: Date 1985 Number 7-4, 8-4 WETLAND OWNERSHIP: MOA Public X Private x ZONING: PLI (Public Lands and Institutions) WETLAND FUNCTIONS: Groundwater Recharge/Discharge Flood Storage & Desynchronization Shoreline Anchoring/Erosion Control x Sediment Trapping X Nutrient Retention & Removal x Food Chain Support x Fisheries Habitat X Wildlife Habitat X Active Recreation X Passive Recreation & Heritage Value X WETLAND TYPE AND DESCRIPTION: Coastal (estuarine) X Freshwater e -sting wetland is comprised of limited vegetated areas on xi essentially unvegetated tideflats; tidally-influenced channel of Rabbit Creek passes through the area west of the ARR embankment SOILS: tidal deposits composed of silt, very fine sand, and clay; relative permeability is low to very low (Freethey, 1976) Depth to water table: near surface Surface soil erodibility: highly erodible EXISTING HABITAT AND VEGETATION: tideflats with limited vegetative development on west (downstream) side of ARR embankment 32 FISH AND WILDLIFE USE: Salmon and Dolly Varden use Rabbit Creek as a migration corridor to upstream spawning areas. Some areas of tideflats are used by ducks and geese for spring and fall staging and resting. Some existing auditory disturbance in the area due to the proximity of the ADF&G Rifle Range immediately north of the site. HUMAN USE: wildlife viewing, hunting, hiking HYDROLOGY: Watershed: Rabbit Creek Location within watershed: at mouth/estuary Water Balance Components: Mean annual precipitation: about 16 inches (Ott Water Engrs, 1979); greatest runoff in late spring and late summer Evapotranspiration: 10-20 inches (Zenone, 1976); greatest amounts in early summer Tidal influence: receives water from diurnal tidal cycle Stream channel inflow/outflow: significant amounts available from Rabbit Creek Surface runoff inflow: very little Groundwater inflow/outflow: may have little net groundwater exchange Storage capacity: depends on size of site Water Quality Components: Wetland quality: see reports for Rabbit Creek quality; probably moderate water quality improvement capacity within wetland Pollutant sources: washoff from the railroad embankment may introduce sediments, oil and grease, and other pollutants to the site SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION: 1"=100 feet MOA Map 3134 POTENTIAL MITIGATION ACTIONS: Restoration Enhancement X Acquisition Development of an impoundment on Rabbit Creek providing estuarine shallow marsh on downstream side of the ARR right-of-way would enhance the limited areas of marsh vegetation which currently exist and potentially provide an extension of the Potter Marsh habitat. The impoundment would likely be more brackish than Potter Marsh and must provide for fish passage of salmon and Dolly Varden which utilize Rabbit Creek. - 33 r 0!@ )204 2 O@X 200 i99 201 E27 206 208 210 211 212 213 229 3 234 2@3 232 TiES zffq 2 2 2 3 4 23-1 236 2,39 24 S 0 241 32 33 4 0 @j Ip s. Wetiand Areaof @@m Mitigation Interest 21ON 3 2 @O6 I-T E S Z -N-" 2 Identification of Potential Wetland Mitigation Sites Within the Municipality of Anchorage RABBIT CREEK Prepared by: Resource Site No.: A3. Site Name: WETLANDS I MOA Wetiand No., None I Analysts 7188 7Scale- 1-=500' MUNICIPALITY OF ANCHORAGE POTENTIAL WETLAND MITIGATION SITE WETLAND SITE NO: A4 EVALUATION DATE: 6/30/88 WETLAND GEOGRAPHIC AREA: ANCHORAGE BOWL LOCATION NAME: CAMPBELL/KLATT COASTAL IMPOUNDMENT MOA WETLAND PLAN DESIGNATION (SEPT. 1987 REVISION): N/A MOA WETLAND MAP SHEET (1982 COVERAGE):- A74 & A83 - MOA AERIAL PHOTO: Date 1985 Number 4-1 to 4-4 3-1, 3-2, 3-3 WETLAND OWNERSHIP: MOA x Public x Private x SITE SPECIFIC WETLANDS STUDIES: feasibility study of impoundment for the Municipality currently in progress by Ott Water Engineers ZONING: PLI (Public Lands and Institutions), R-1 (1 family residential district) WETLAND FUNCTIONS: Groundwater Recharge/Discharge Flood Storage & Desynchronization Shoreline Anchoring/Erosion Control x Sediment Trapping x Nutrient Retention & Removal x Food Chain Support x Fisheries Habitat x Wildlife Habitat x Active Recreation x Passive Recreation & Heritage Value x WETLAND TYPE AND DESCRIPTION: Coastal (estuarine) x Freshwater The area is currently comprised of vegetated and unvegetated tideflats and wetlands associated with series of small interconnected ponds constructed in an unsuccessful attempt to create a coastal marsh utilizing upland freshwater input. SOILS: tidal deposits composed of silt and gravel, very fine sand, and clay; relative permeability is low to very low (Freethey, 1976) 34 Depth to water table: near surface Surface soil erodibility: highly erodible (see "in progress" feasibility report for detailed evaluation) EXISTING HABITAT AND VEGETATION: intertidal vegetation community and sparsely vegetated tidal mudflats FISH AND WILDLIFE USE: limited (occasionally abundant) use by shorebirds, waterfowl, and geese primarily during spring and fall staging; some nesting in permanent pond areas HUMAN USE: At present, limited use is made of the area during the fall by duck hunters; more suitable hunting habitat is available to the south toward Potter Marsh and north of the mouth of Campbell Creek. The area provides some wildlife viewing opportunities HYDROLOGY: see "in progress" feasibility report by Ott Water Engineers for details Watershed: Bayshore Creek; unnamed creeks spring runoff Location within watershed: at mouth/estuary Water Balance Components: Mean annual precipitation: about 15 inches (Ott Water Engrs, 1979); greatest runoff in late spring and late summer Evapotranspiration: 10-20 inches (Zenone, 1976); greatest amounts in early summer Tidal influence: receives water from diurnal tidal cycle Stream channel inflow/outflow: would require inflow from Bayshore and/or Campbell creeks and possibly some storm drain runoff Surface runoff inflow: very little Groundwater inflow/outflow: may have little net groundwater exchange Storage capacity: depends on size of site Water Quality Components: Wetland quality: (see "in progress" feasibility report) Pollutant sources: washoff from the steep slopes of the bluff may introduce sediments SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION: 1"=500 feet MOA Zoning Maps 13, 17 - 35 POTENTIAL MITIGATION ACTIONS: Restoration Enhancement x Acquisition Potential enhancement could result from development of a coastal impoundment on the tideflats utilizing freshwater input from the Klatt area and/or Campbell Creek. In addition, the impounded area would require creation of suitable depressions, islands, and shallow vegetated areas to provide nesting, staging, and feeding habitat for waterfowl. Concerns would involve adequate freshwater input, engineering feasibility, costs of construction, hunting activity and public safety, and concurrent uses (such as coastal bike trail). 36 1;4 IA- r R-8 3 45 0 4, 29 IL Campbell/Kiatt 9@ ndment to be constructed '%14* this area eveloomem A%0 M 4%# Witland a" Area of M M Mitigation Interest SM 0* Soo, 1000, SCALE Identification of Potential Wetland Mitigation Sites Within the Municipality of Anchorage CAMPBELIJKLATT ared by: Resou 7c@ Scale: Site No.: A4 Site Name: COASTAL IMPOUNDMENT I MOA Wetland No.: None =Ysts 7/98 MUNICIPALITY OF ANCHORAGE POTENTIAL WETLAND MITIGATION SITE WETLAND SITE NO: A5 EVALUATION DATE: 6/30/88 WETLAND GEOGRAPHIC AREA: ANCHORAGE BOWL LOCATION NAME: ANCHORAGE COASTAL REFUGE & COASTAL IMPOUNDMENTS MOA WETLAND PLAN.DESIGNATION (SEPT. 1987 REVISION): N/A MOA WETLAND MAP SHEET (1982 COVERAGE): A74, A83, A91-92 MOA AERIAL PHOTO: Date 1985 Number 1-8 WETLAND OWNERSHIP: MOA X Public X Private X ZONING: principal area is encompassed within the Anchorage Coastal Refuge; public lands are owned by the state of Alaska and managed by the Department of Fish and Game WETLAND FUNCTIONS: Groundwater Recharge/Discharge X Flood Storage & Desynchronization Shoreline Anchoring/Erosion Control X Sediment Trapping X Nutrient Retention & Removal X Food Chain Support X Fisheries Habitat X Wildlife Habitat X Active Recreation X Passive Recreation & Heritage Value X WETLAND TYPE AND DESCRIPTION: Coastal (estuarine) X Freshwater current wetlands are principally comprised of unvegetated tideflats, tidal guts, and vegetated estuarine marsh with some isolated open water wetlands generally situated inland of tidal influence. The area of interest extends from approximately Point Campbell to Potter Marsh. SOILS: tidal deposits composed of silt, very fine sand, and clay; relative permeability is low to very low (Freethey, 1976) Depth to water table: less than 10 feet (Freethey, et al., 1974) Surface soil erodibility: highly erodible (see feasibility report for the Campbell/Klatt Coastal 37 - Impoundment for detailed evaluation of similar environment Ott Water Engineers, 1988) EXISTING HABITAT AND VEGETATION: unknown FISH AND WILDLIFE USE: The tideflats and areas of open water marsh are utilized by waterfowl, geese, and shorebirds with the majority of use occurring during spring and fall migration. Some waterfowl and geese nesting does occur, but the availability of suitable habitat is relatively limited. HUMAN USE: wildlife viewing, hunting, hiking HYDROLOGY: Watershed: varies depending on location Location within watershed: at mouth/estuary Water Balance Components: Mean annual precipitation: about 15 inches (Ott Water Engrs, 1979); greatest runoff in late spring and late summer Evapotranspiration: 10-20 inches (Zenone, 1976); greatest amounts in early summer Tidal influence: receives water from diurnal tidal cycle Stream channel inflow/outflow: would require inflow from freshwater creeks and possibly some storm drain runoff Surface runoff inflow: very little Groundwater inflow/outflow: may have little net groundwater exchange Storage capacity: depends on size of site Water Quality Components: Wetland quality: depends on water sources; probably moderate water quality improvement capacity within wetland Pollutant sources: washoff from the steep slopes to the north may introduce sediments SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION: see feasibility report for Campbell/Klatt Coastal Impoundment for details of similar type of site 1"=500 feet MOA Zoning Maps 4, 7, 12, 17, 18, 21, 25 Private ownership of inholdings within the Anchorage Coastal Refuge comprise a significant portion (in excess of 170 acres) of the designated refuge lands above mean high tide. 38 POTENTIAL MITIGATION ACTIONS: Restoration Enhancement X Acquisition X Evaluate acquisition of private ownership inholdings within the Anchorage Coastal Refuge to consolidate ownership, management, and potential mitigation/enhancement actions appropriate to the refuge. Evaluate the feasibility of coastal impoundments utilizing a mix of freshwater and marine waters to develop estuarine wetlands on areas that are currently unvegetated tidelands. The Campbell/Klatt coastal impoundment currently under study is an example of the type of enhancement activity that may be feasible at other locations within the Anchorage Coastal Refuge. The principal limiting factor would appear to be the availability of freshwater input from the adjoining uplands to the east. An impoundment with open water, vegetation, islands, and a mix of shallow and deeper water parcels could provide attractive habitat for waterfowl, goose, and shorebird nesting, feeding, and migration staging. 39 I a '4- .1. @ T 7- IP-4 li;E 21- c'." 23 21- 2y ;i7 cr ---------- 2@ m U, 211 T- 3 's-c 63\ 'A 7 T.. 7"R t 'x" 20 (D!, @@'T` N' ell G T 'z: @3 2. A-23' 2', 2 "I MWIJ' 29k -2. 28' 7- A + x '2 p'-.- P5 4 4 Wetiand Area of m m m Mitigation Interest Identification of Potential Wetland Mitigation Sites Within the Municipality of Anchorage ANCHORAGE. Prepared by: Resource Site No.: AS Site Name- COASTAL REFUGE MOA Wetland No.: None Analysts 7/88 Scale, 1,126,720 MUNICIPALITY OF ANCHORAGE POTENTIAL WETLAND MITIGATION SITE WETLAND SITE NO: A6 EVALUATION DATE: 6/30/88 WETLAND GEOGRAPHIC AREA: ANCHORAGE BOWL LOCATION NAME: KLATT BOG MOA WETLAND PLAN.DESIGNATION (SEPT. 1987 REVISION): 9 MOA WETLAND MAP SHEET (1982 COVERAGE): A75-76, A83-84 MOA AERIAL PHOTO: Date 1985 Number 4 5. 6 WETLAND OWNERSHIP:- MOA Public X Private X SITE SPECIFIC WETLANDS STUDIES: Hogan and Tande, 1982; Hogan and Tande, 1983; Glass, 1986b; ZONING: core area of wetland is mostly R1A and R2A WETLAND FUNCTIONS: Groundwater Recharge/Discharge X Flood Storage & Desynchronization X Shoreline Anchoring/Erosion'Control Sediment Trapping X Nutrient Retention & Removal _X Food Chain Support X Fisheries Habitat Wildlife Habitat X Active Recreation X Passive Recreation (OX Heritage Value X WETLAND TYPE AND DESCRIPTION: Coastal (estuarine) Freshwater X a mix of forested and open wetlands characterized as a convex patterned bog complex with bog ridges, wet hollows, and scattered bog islands and shallow ponds SOILS: Soils range from forest duff to peats. Underlying the surface organic material are fine-grained soil layers of varying thickness consisting of inorganic clay-silts, silts, sandy silts and silty sands. Sands predominate in the east and portions of the south. Highly frost susceptible soils are present over most of the area. The hydrologic soils group is Classification D. 40 - Studies have revealed that peat depths ranged from 10 to 23 feet. -Occasional gravel layers as well as sand and other fine-grained soils were encountered below the peat. Ground water was encountered at or near the surface of every boring. Seasonal frost was found in the upper 3 feet of 25% of the borings. No real permafrost was encountered. Prior to construction of area roads, the soils in the area were typically moderate to high permeability alluvial deposits with significant amounts of silt and clay overlain by peat of variable depth (Freethey, 1976); may be large proportions of sand (Glass, 1986b); entire area of sand deposits underlain by silt and clay from the Bootlegger Cove,Formation (Glass, 1986b); post-construction materials may reflect removal or compression of the peat and placement of relatively free draining fill Depth to water table: less than 10 feet (Freethey et al., 1974) Surface soil erodibility: N/A EXISTING HABITAT AND VEGETATION: 16 major wetland vegetation types identified and mapped (Hogan and Tande, 1982); range from small permanent ponds in the northcentral part of the bog to graminoid wet meadow to closed forest; study includes detailed description of dominant plants, evidence of frost activity, soils, soil moisture, seasonal water conditions string bogs occur in the north and central portions of the area, and forested bog swamp occurs in the northeastern and northwestern quadrants; bog ridges and wet hollow make up the string bog complex and are oriented perpendicular to water flow birch, black'spruce, shrubs, grasses, sedges, and moss; near Paxson/Campbell property., drier site with birch, labrador tea, some white spruce saplings; vegetation type descriptions are complicated by old drainage ditches which have altered at least the south half of the bog FISH AND WILDLIFE USE: mallard, sandhill crane, coyotes, snowshoe hare, red fox, moose, spruce grouse, northern shrike, lapland longspur, red-backed vole, dusky shrew, masked shrew, and short-tailed weasel; near Concord Hill pond, moose and geese (nesting occurs here), bald eagle, northern harrier 38 species of birds have been observed at Klatt Bog with the greatest species.richness during the breeding season; 15 species have been reported to nest in the area; Klatt Bog does not attract migrating waterfowl or shorebirds in the numbers found on nearby coastal flats or Potters Marsh; Hudsonian godwits are present during spring migration and the summer; bird numbers and species use are generally low during the fall with reduced bird presence and activity after August 15th - 41 HUMAN USE: open space, wildlife viewing, hiking, cross country skiing; provides public education function HYDROLOGY: no major surface input; most important for storm storage and flood hazard reduction; it is assumed that water movement near subsurface and surface follows the contour lines; natural drainage appears to be west/southwest; part of the bog once drained toward Campbell Lake, and a portion may presently drain into Bayshore Lake; most of the area presently appears to drain to the southwest toward the ocean bluffs (Hogan and Tande, 1982); probable drying trend due to ditching and reduced water input. Watershed: contributes to Bayshore Lake and directly to Turnagain Arm Location within watershed: wetland constitutes majority of watershed Water Balance Components: Mean annual precipitation: about 15 inches (Glass, 1986b); greatest runoff in late spring and late summer Evapotranspiration: 10-20 inches (Zenone, 1976); greatest amounts in early summer (Glass, 1986b) Tidal influence: none Stream channel inflow/outflow: very little stream inflow; stream outflow is in several channels Surface runoff inflow: minor amounts Groundwater inflow/outflow: groundwater flow is generally from east to west; there is a net groundwater inflow to the site in significant amounts Storage capacity: very large storage in its 2.3 square miles Water Quality Components: Wetland quality: dissolved solids less than 500 mg/l, yellowish brown color, some samples of relatively high iron and manganese concentrations, main ions of calcium and bicarbonate (Glass, 1986b); probably substantial water quality improvement capacity within wetland Pollutant sources: washoff from adjacent roads and development may introduce sediments and other pollutants Comments: see USGS report (Glass, 1986b) SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION: 1"=100 feet MOA Maps 2527,2528, 2529, 2530, 2626, 2627, 2628, 2629, 2630, 2728, 2729 1"=500 feet MOA Zoning Maps 17, 18 42 POTENTIAL MITIGATION ACTIONS: Restoration x Enhancement x Acquisition x Central sections of the southwest wetlands, especially BLM lands south of O'Malley, are recognized as critical wildlife habitats. Cumulative impacts from infrastructure and development have altered the bog's fringes and hydrologic regime. Save the core habitat (bog ridges and wet hollows) and fill drainage ditches that have reduced water table; construct depressions to create open water habitat; private ownership lands have been identified by MOA as acquisition priority for USFWS Wetlands Concept Plan 43 7io-- a Is 11 to .000, r H; -a 1000, 00 14 PLI -7 (A t :-I C A r'.. ;0.,o A.; If 1001/1, TR .4 rR AREA 4# D. E. -vfj.0,14(f IV r AR, D, ................. ...... T ...... .... ............ . . ........... . . . ....... .. . ...... .......... . .. .............. ................ X .............. . .... . .......... ................ ............ ........ .. A, ...... ... .. .. .. .. ..................... .............. . ... . . . ... .................. ... ....... ... ...... ........ ............ .. .. ... . . . ..... . ......... ........... ....... ...... (9 ..... ........ .. ....... .. ....... ... ............... ........ ..... .. ............. ............ ............. ...... . . . . ....... ... ... . ...... ........... .. ............ ...... ........... .............. DEVELODWEN H. rR A N 6 T R-2A rR A 'agw41 J W@tland Sao* a, Soo, 1000, Areaof 1 1-1 1 1 1 1 Mitigation Interest W19 U @IT SCALE Identification of Potential Wetland Mitigation Sites Within the Municipality of Anchorage Pre Site Name: KLATT BOG Analysts 7/88 Site No.: A6 TMOA Wetland No.: 9 1 pared by: Resourc @7 Scale: MUNICIPALITY OF ANCHORAGE POTENTIAL WETLAND MITIGATION SITE WETLAND SITE NO: A7 EVALUATION DATE: 6/30/88 WETLAND GEOGRAPHIC AREA: ANCHORAGE BOWL LOCATION NAME: O'MALLEY/C STREET WETLANDS MOA WETLAND PLANDESIGNATION (SEPT. 1987 REVISION): N/A MOA WETLAND MAP SHEET (1982 COVERAGE): A77 MOA AERIAL PHOTO: Date 1985 Number 6-4, 6-5, 7-8 WETLAND OWNERSHIP: MOA Public x Private ZONING: 1-2 (Heavy Industrial), T (Transition District) WETLAND FUNCTIONS: Groundwater Recharge/Discharge x Flood Storage & Desynchronization x Shoreline Anchoring/Erosion Control Sediment Trapping x Nutrient Retention & Removal Food Chain Support Fisheries Habitat Wildlife Habitat x Active Recreation Passive Recreation & Heritage Value x WETLAND TYPE AND DESCRIPTION: Coastal (estuarine) Freshwater x wetland is not natural but created by construction activities associated with O'Malley and C Street development; wetland is principally open water pond with poorly developed margins SOILS: prior to construction of the roads, the soils in the area were typically moderate to high permeability alluvial deposits with significant amounts of silt and clay overlain by peat of variable depth (Freethey, 1976); may be large proportions of sand (Glass, 1986b); entire area of sand deposits underlain by silt and clay from the Bootlegger Cove Formation (Glass, 1986b); post-construction materials may reflect removal or compression of the peat and placement of relatively free draining fill 44 Depth to water table: less than 10 feet (Freethey et al., 1974) Surface soil erodibility: N/A EXISTING HABITAT AND VEGETATION: man-made open water pond with poorly developed, but increasing, shoreline fringe wetland; vegetation present includes Carex sp. and rushes. FISH AND WILDLIFE USE: Provides resting and nesting habitat for waterfowl in the spring; ducks are present whenever open water is available. HUMAN USE: high visibility to public using O'Malley and C Street area; wildlife viewing, open space HYDROLOGY: appears to be enclosed wetland with only discernible surface inflow from culverts under roadway embankment; input is mainly from drainage-collecting culverts under O'Malley Road; drainage is from south to north. Watershed: Klatt Bog Location within watershed: headwaters Water Balance Components: Mean annual precipitation: about 15 inches (Glass, 1986b); greatest runoff in late spring and late summer Evapotranspiration: 10-20 inches (Zenone, 1976); greatest amounts in early summer (Glass, 1986b) Tidal influence: none Stream channel inflow/outflow: possible culvert connections to allow inflow and/or outflow, but must be verified Surface runoff inflow: negligible Groundwater inflow/outflow: groundwater flow direction generally from east to west; there may be a net groundwater outflow from the site contributing to groundwater inflow to Klatt Bog Storage capacity: very little storage Water Quality Components: Wetland quality: unknown; probably minimal water quality improvement capacity within wetland Pollutant sources: washoff from adjacent roads may introduce sediments and other pollutants SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION: appears to be within the ADOT/PF right-of-way 1"=100 feet MOA Maps 2530,2630 45 POTENTIAL MITIGATION ACTIONS: Restoration Enhancement x Acquisition The function and productivity of the developing wetland could be enhanced by stabilizing clean water input, encouraging revegetation of pond margins with suitable plants, modifying pond depth and shoreline configuration, and creating vegetated nesting islands. If dredging is considered, such activity would have to be scheduled during periods of minimal bird use. 46 -0 4 6 Cn W 106th Ave 2A TR 3 6 8 dMA V P 8 2 TP A r19.4,1 TR C 1-2 V F C e,"- O'l 4/23 21 1 28 T 19 z 9 10 2. 1A r\- < 22A4 22A > 7 22 rp 0 CRE7E St 22A5 j2 JOAN Crt 7 7 4 141 ,I C\j @4A A SL 7-R D 2 TP E 24 E 24C Par - ---------- 8 6 2A . . ............. 7 R A 26 (-7-R E 7R a R m C V2 @32 0 6 TR C 3: 'D 514 ;TF I 3iB ":I t 31C 8 1111 qN a 11 1 -.- 4 Wetland CD > 26 5 Dr Areaof m Mitigation Interest 'C L W z 71415 4A F ,C 21 _ T26@1, r Identification of Potential Wetland Mitigation Sites Within the Municipality of Anchorage O'MALLEY/C STREET Prepared by: Resource Site No.: A7 -TSIte Name: WETLANDS MOA Wetland No.: None Analysts 7/88 Scale: 1"=500' MUNICIPALITY OF ANCHORAGE POTENTIAL WETLAND MITIGATION SITE WETLAND SITE NO: A8 EVALUATION DATE: 6/30/88_ WETLAND GEOGRAPHIC AREA: ANCHORAGE BOWL LOCATION NAME: FURROW CREEK/ TANAGA TERRACE WETLANDS MOA WETLAND PLAN.DESIGNATION (SEPT. 1987 REVISION): 26A MOA WETLAND MAP SHEET (1982 COVERAGE): A93 MOA AERIAL PHOTO: Date 1985 Number 7-4, 7-5, 7-6, 8-5, 8-6 WETLAND OWNERSHIP: MOA Public Private X ZONING: T (Transition District), R-1A (1 Family Residential, large lot), R-7 (Intermediate Rural Residential District) WETLAND FUNCTIONS: Groundwater Recharge/Dis charge X Flood Storage & Desynchronization X Shoreline Anchoring/Erosion Control Sediment Trapping X Nutrient Retention & Removal x Food Chain Support X Fisheries Habitat Wildlife Habitat X Active Recreation Passive Recreation & Heritage Value x WETLAND TYPE AND DESCRIPTION: Coastal (estuarine) Freshwater X riparian wetlands with direct hydrologic link to Furrow Creek SOILS: The soils in thearea are typically high to very high permeability alluvial deposits (Freethey, 1976). Depth to water table: may be near surface Surface soil erodibility: N/A EXISTING HABITAT AND VEGETATION: unknown 47 FISH AND WILDLIFE USE: moose overwintering habitat; freshwater bird use, partic ularly at east end of the wetland HUMAN USE: open space, wildlife viewing HYDROLOGY: Watershed: Furrow Creek Location within watershed: adjacent to stream channel in midsection of watershed; mostly dry above Pintail Drive Water Balance Components: Mean annual precipitation: about 15 inches (Ott Water Engineers, 1979); greatest runoff in late spring and late summer Evapotranspiration: 10-26 inches (Zenone, 1976); greatest amounts in early summer (Glass, 1986b) Tidal influence: none Stream channel inflow/.outflow: Furrow Creek is a major water source Surface runoff inflow: probably receives moderate input Groundwater inflow/outflow: groundwater flow direction probably from east to west; there may be a net groundwater inflow to the site Storage capacity: moderate storage; sufficient to modify Furrow Creek flows downstream Water Quality Components: Wetland quality: unknown; probably substantial water quality improvement capacity,within wetland Pollutant sources: washoff from. adjacent roads and residential areas may introduce sediments and other pollutants SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION: 1"=100 feet MOA Maps 2833, 2834 POTENTIAL MITIGATION ACTIONS: Restoration Enhancement Acquisition x The wetland should remain undisturbed; acquisition should be evaluated. 48 14 20 1511 -31 1 1 rRACr 8 S'- I z @p 121 1@ 161 181 R-4 S L LLJ TP 6 TR 5 A' V d, 0 5 z C < 0 W 0 14 0 OLLY VARDEN Av e 12 TP 9 `2 SL R-1 RAI 9 R-I SL NBOW - - 40 -z4- i84 6 rR 0 w -j 03 Cn 00 1@ TP 13 < CX) (D 7-) co C*j d < < 7 ..... ..... i* ........ L Cir ..... .......... 0 2 4 5 . . .. ...... . ... .... ... r 3 C@ \-D N Dr 4 25 5 30 0 12 29 .......... ...... . BRAN cir 20 14 IDPA K MRK ..... ...... .. ....... ... 16 10 26 2 0 18 V.: mEN Cir 'ANADA C.r 135 9 ........ 3 17 19 21 9 9 5 'TAMYAve HA Dr 9 3 14 21 A D 51 IR 26 7 23 1AU, 1: YN Or 2 (a. 6; 5 2 GEN Crt j4 0-0 312 10 -j 3 15 24 14 < .(r i 21Y 6 Xj 1 6 [718 5 14 3 @13 Uj 1 1 e L: 4 G Or !4@z 19 22\ 16 124 2 25 (P 30 251 22 74 6A 5A 0 0 2 8 q\ 5 2 12 13 23 Wetland ,Nw- a- 27 25 TP 19 5 5 Area of 0, -t 7 12 33 7 0 - -jj 212J 41@ 9 on Interest 99QI , m m m Mitigati 7 171 3 4_ 4 1=7 1 .1 L10 i 7 J ris H A r 9 Identification of Potential Wetland Mitigation Sites Within the Municipality of Anchorage FURROW CREEKITAN Pre0ared by: Resource Site No.: AS Site Nafne: TERRACE WETLANDSAGA I MOA Wetland No.: 26A Analysts 7/88 Scale- 1"=5001 MUNICIPALITY OF ANCHORAGE POTENTIAL WETLAND MITIGATION SITE WETLAND SITE NO: A9 EVALUATION DATE: 6/30/88_ WETLAND GEOGRAPHIC AREA: ANCHORAGE BOWL LOCATION NAME: MOOSE MEADOWS MOA WETLAND PLAN.DESIGNATION (SEPT. 1987 REVISION): 26 MOA WETLAND MAP SHEET (1982 COVERAGE): A86 MOA AERIAL PHOTO: Date 1985 Number 7-6,7-7,8-6,8-7 WETLAND OWNERSHIP: MOA Public Private x ZONING: T (Transition District), R-1 SL (1 Family Residential with Special Limitations), R-7 SL (Intermediate Rural Residen- tial District with Special Limitations), R-6 (Suburban Residential District, Large Lot) WETLAND FUNCTIONS: Groundwater Recharge/Discharge x Flood Storage & Desynchronization x Shoreline Anchoring/Erosion Control Sediment Trapping x Nutrient Retention & Removal x Food Chain Support x Fisheries Habitat Wildlife Habitat x Active Recreation x Passive Recreation & Heritage Value x WETLAND TYPE AND DESCRIPTION: Coastal (estuarine) Freshwater x riparian wetland tributary to Furrow Creek SOILS: The soils in the area are typically moderate to low permeability lake and pond deposits of silt, clay and fine sand overlain by peat (Freethey, 1976). Depth to water table: less than 10 feet (Freethey et al., 1974) Surface soil erodibility: N/A 49 - EXISTING HABITAT AND VEGETATION: Near Church of God: birch, large white spruce; Near frontage road. very wet with aquatic vegetation; In middle: shrubby cinquefoil; Near Baptist fill: spruce FISH AND WILDLIFE USE: winter browse area for moose; waterbird nesting habitat in the southern portion HUMAN USE: open space, wildife viewing, hiking, cross country skiing HYDROLOGY: hydrological connection to Furrow Creek; low-lying central corridor of the wetland complex provides water quality, recharge, and flood storage functions Watershed: Furrow Creek Location within watershed: adjacent to tributary stream channel in midsection of watershed Water Balance Components: Mean annual precipitation: about 15 inches (Ott Water Engineers, 1979); greatest runoff in late spring and late summer Evapotranspiration: 10-20 inches (Zenone, 1976); greatest amounts in early summer (Glass, 1986b) Tidal influence: none Stream channel inflow/outflow: tributary creek is a major water source with a moderate drainage basin north of O'Mally Road Surface runoff inflow: probably receives moderate input Groundwater inflow/outflow: groundwater flow direction may generally be from east to west; there may be a net groundwater inflow to the site Storage capacity: moderate storage; sufficient to modify Furrow Creek flows downstream Water Quality Components: Wetland quality: unknown; probably substantial water quality improvement capacity within wetland Pollutant sources: washoff from adjacent fill at the church, roads, and residential areas may introduce sediments and other pollutants SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION: encroachment by Baptist Church near O'Malley; ditching and dewatering has occurred in the interior portion of the wetland 1"=100 feet MOA Map 2732 - 50 POTENTIAL MITIGATION ACTIONS: Restoration x Enhancement Acquisition x Natural drainage pattern should be re-established. Ditching should be filled or blocked. Acquisition should be considered. 51 -rR4 F0 -1, R .3. R-6 A -40' 2 B'R- 4 A, A -2 'SL 8 A.0.81-175 A.C. 81-17,,,' r,? q 4# A.0. 84- 80 R-3 20 S L 10 18 4 ....... ..... 5 13 7F 3 12 I b 15 2 1 Ld 14,, z 4 13 -j 3 0 X S- 14 13 MONA Ave 6 5 15 M 9 w Cr 10 9 W A MON 4 3 1,81.3] 1 1 IL KLA T T 7 R-1 SL PC) 134-236 T-R 4 TR 3 -4-- 4 --T2-. @5 witki-5 Ave 14 20 1 Ri-U S L TR 6 TR 5 -73- C)1 5 M- is LL ZZ C rk DOLLY VARI Wetland 12 Areaof V-/'NR- I SL M M Mitigation Interest =MM=ww!M^ P4-.. 1. - I- @ A Identification of Potential Wetland Mitigation Sites Coll Within the Municipality of Anchorage 'ared by: rce --7Site Name: MOOSE MEADOWS Tysts 7/8 Scale: 1,,=qnn, Pre Resou Site No.: A9 MOA Wetiand No.: 26 Ana 8 MUNICIPALITY OF ANCHORAGE POTENTIAL WETLAND MITIGATION SITE WETLAND SITE NO: A10 EVALUATION DATE: 6/30/88 WETLAND GEOGRAPHIC AREA: ANCHORAGE BOWL LOCATION NAME: SPRUCE STREET / E. 80TH AVENUE WETLANDS MOA WETLAND PLAN DESIGNATION (SEPT. 1987 REVISION): 19A MOA WETLAND MAP SHEET (1982 COVERAGE): A70 MOA AERIAL PHOTO: Date 1985 Number 8-11, 8-12 WETLAND OWNERSHIP: MOA Public Private X ZONING: R-2M (Multiple Family Residential District) WETLAND FUNCTIONS: Groundwater Recharge/Discharge X Flood Storage & Desynchronization x Shoreline Anchoring/Erosion Control X Sediment Trapping x Nutrient Retention & Removal X Food Chain Support X Fisheries Habitat X Wildlife Habitat x Active Recreation x Passive Recreation & Heritage Value X WETLAND TYPE AND-DESCRIPTION: Coastal (estuarine) Freshwater X shallow lake with limited wetland development along lake margin; South Branch of North Fork Little Campbell Creek passes through the lake SOILS: The soils in the area are typically high to very high permeability alluvial sandy gravel deposits overlain by peat (Freethey, 1976). Depth to water table: less than 10 feet (Freethey et al., 1974) Surface soil erodibility: may be moderate EXISTING HABITAT AND VEGETATION: limited lake margin wetland development near inlet (east side lake), also at west end (not near outlet) 52 FISH.AND WILDLIFE USE: The lake provides rearing habitat for juvenile coho salmon, king salmon, and Dolly Varden (ADF&G Anadromous Stream Catalog). HUMAN USE: functions as a neighborhood park; some swimming activity; Abbott Loop Community Council has proposed acquisition by the MOA and addition to park system; wildlife viewing, open space HYDROLOGY: The lake and wetlands are part of the South Branch of North Fork Little Campbell Creek. Some ditching may have occurred in the area to the north to reduce the water table in the vicinity of private residences. The lake is important for water quality, flood storage/ desynchronization functions in North Fork Little Campbell Creek. Water quality degrades in stream channel immediately below lake outlet. Watershed: South Branch North Fork Little Campbell Creek Location within watershed: on and adjacent to stream channel; lake may have originally been a gravel pit Water Balance Components: Mean annual precipitation: about 15 inches (Ott Water Engineers, 1979); greatest runoff in late spring and late summer Evapotranspiration: 10-20 inches (Zenone, 1976); greatest amounts in early summer (Glass, 1986b) Tidal influence: none Stream channel inflow/outflow: South Branch, North Fork Little Campbell Creek is a major water source with a moderate drainage basin upstream Surface runoff inflow: may receive moderate input Groundwater inflow/outflow: groundwater flow direction may generally be from east to west; there may be a net groundwater inflow to the site Storage capacity: moderate storage; sufficient to modify creek flows downstream Water Quality Components: Wetland quality: unknown; probably moderate water quality improvement capacity within wetland Pollutant sources: washoff from nearby roads and residential areas may introduce sediments and other pollutants SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION: The lake has been in existence for at least 20 years. It has been diminished in size due to some filling activity for construction of Snowview subdivision. An unvegetated man-made berm exists along the north shore of lake. There is substantial community support for establishing a park. - 53 111=100 feet MOA Maps 2035, 2135 POTENTIAL MITIGATION ACTIONS: Restoration x Enhancement x Acquisition x restore riparian wetland vegetation to dewatered areas; evaluate filling of ditches or water control structures to restore water table; possible enhancement of wetlands and open water to encourage use by waterbirds for nesting and feeding; potential to improve rearing habitat for juvenile salmonids; maintain connection with South Branch, North Fork Little Campbell Creek and protect water quality. 54 33 34 z --27 28 30 5 6 i6 0 0 Uj -j z z LAJ @,j 7j- 12, 11-1 20 70 1 16 72nd Ave 2@ 0 43 41 TR L) UJ 16, z w T ILI L 50 0: D 46 p CL 7-2 zo CO P r % 7 E 17'4 21 57 58 t 1 62 b:) 3 64 6 5 6 E (37 R-2A 20-) 6 A 14 10 9 14 2 i6B 4 1 12 1 POND 20-Al StR Mw*.a Ct Is f 6 t 7 18 19 1 21 B < 21C R-2 M A E 80t @A -tA- I 8A "ST =A 25 IRA ZI 5A _fLIL 7A 5 -Z -Ir to 47 40 39- 38 .3 'JA r Q w I.; 7e- r 52A z i5A L 14 3 T DANE C? 54 Wetland 1 A 18 @2 3E i10 m Area of I JTR p r 15@ M Mitigation Interest A 1 3 z 9?11 .n 11 m7 Identification of Potential Wetland Mitigation Sites Within the Municipality of Anchorage SPRUCE STREET/ Prepared by: Resource Site No.: A10 Site Name: E. SOTH AVE. WETLANDS I MOA Wetiand No.: 19A Analysts 7188 Scale: 1"=Rnn, MUNICIPALITY OF ANCHORAGE POTENTIAL WETLAND MITIGATION SITE WETLAND SITE NO: All EVALUATION DATE: 6/30/88 WETLAND GEOGRAPHIC AREA: ANCHORAGE BOWL LOCATION NAME: -N.F.LITTLE CAMPBELL CREEK, E. 72ND & SPRUCE STREET MOA WETLAND PLAN.DESIGNATION (SEPT. 1987 REVISION): 19A MOA WETLAND MAP SHEET (1982 COVERAGE): A57 MOA AERIAL PHOTO: Date 1985 Number 8-11,8-12 WETLAND OWNERSHIP: MOA X Public Private X ZONING: R-1 (1 Family Residential District) WETLAND FUNCTIONS: Groundwater Recharge/Discharge X Flood Storage & Desynchronization X Shoreline Anchoring/Erosion Control Sediment Trapping X Nutrient Retention & Removal -X Food Chain Support Fisheries Habitat X Wildlife Habitat X Active Recreation Passive Recreation &.Heritage Value X WETLAND TYPE AND DESCRIPTION: Coastal (estuarine) Freshwater X riparian wetlands along N.F. Little Campbell Creek east of Spruce Street and north of E. 72nd Avenue; high water table, limited open water areas SOILS: The soils in the area are typically high to very high permeability alluvial sandy-gravel deposits overlain by peat (Freethey, 1976). Depth to water table: less than 10 feet (Freethey et al., 1974) Surface soil.erodibility: N/A EXISTING HABITAT AND VEGETATION: unknown 55 FISH AND WILDLIFE USE: waterbird use areas, limited use by moose during winter; North Fork Little Campbell provides rearing habitat for juvenile king and coho salmon, Dolly Varden upstream into Campbell Tract HUMAN USE: open space, wildlife viewing, cross country skiing HYDROLOGY: Watershed: South Branch-North Fork Little Campbell Creek Location within watershed: on and adjacent to stream channel Water Balance Components: Mean annual precipitation: about 15 inches (Ott Water Engineers, 1979); greatest runoff in late spring and late summer Evapotranspiration: 10-20 inches (Zenone, 1976); greatest amounts in early summer (Glass, 1986b) Tidal influence: none Stream channel inflow/outflow: South Branch, North Fork Little Campbell Creek is a major water source with a moderate drainage basin upstream Surface runoff inflow: may receive moderate input Groundwater inflow/outflow: groundwater flow direction may generally be from.east to west; there may be a net groundwater inflow to the site Storage capacity: little to moderate storage; may be sufficient to modify creek flows downstream Water Quality Components: Wetland quality: unknown; probably moderate water quality improvement capacity within wetland Pollutant sources: washoff from nearby roads and residential areas may introduce sediments and other pollutants SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION: none POTENTIAL MITIGATION ACTIONS: Restoration Enhancement x Acquisition evaluate potential for construction of shallow open water ponds and swales in riparian wetlands to enhance habitat for use by water birds; consider feasibility of some channel connection to North Fork Little Campbell Creek to provide access to wetlands for rearing salmonids 56 ........... ......... .......... ............ ..... .. x . . . . . . ........... ........... . ......... . ........... ..... . . . . . . ........... . . . . . . . .. . ......... . .. . . . . . . .. . . . .. . . . . . . .X.x . . . . . . . . X- SAM ww ....... .... ....... X. L@, L12 I!, Q 0 6 :X. 201 lei 7; 7m, 6 r Fl- 5 5 4 9@9 14 Li 5 4 3B 3 D nue 6 K-771 TLI-11 7-1 ... /Z A,@ 23 -0 10 2) x A; C.. C@wBERRY X 6 TP4 X .......... C, 4 6 23 5,, 16 30 34 Z@ 20 -i2 x 72nd Ave 3* 4- :4!; Uj D 'TR 2 Ct CL: 0 X rmv 74 ............ . ...... .... ...... ;;K .......... 58 .... 34 -X R-21A \A Ev Wetland @O 9 Are a of M Mitigation Interest L z -231 Identification of Potential Wetland Mitigation Sites Within the Municipality of Anchorage WETLANDS AT 72ND AVE* Prepared by: Reso@@ Scale, Site No.: All Site Name: AND SPRUCE STREET MOA Wetland No.: 19A-T Analysts 7/88 111=500, MUNICIPALITY OF ANCHORAGE POTENTIAL WETLAND MITIGATION SITE WETLAND SITE NO: A12 EVALUATION DATE: 6/30/81- WETLAND GEOGRAPHIC AREA: ANCHORAGE BOWL LOCATION NAME: WETLANDS NORTH OF TIFFANY TERRACE MOA WETLAND PLAN-DESIGNATION (SEPT. 1987 REVISION): 19A MOA WETLAND MAP SHEET (1982 COVERAGE): A57 MOA AERIAL PHOTO: Date 1985 Number 8-12, 8-13 WETLAND OWNERSHIP: MOA Public Private x ZONING: R-2 SL (Multiple Family Residential - Special Limitations) R-1 (1 Family Residential), R-3 SL (Multiple Family Residential - Special Limitations) WETLAND FUNCTIONS: Groundwater Recharge/Discharge x Flood Storage & Desynchronization x Shoreline Anchoring/Erosion Control Sediment Trapping x Nutrient Retention & Removal x Food Chain Support Fisheries Habitat x Wildlife Habitat x Active Recreation Passive Recreation & Heritage Value x WETLAND TYPE AND DESCRIPTION: Coastal (estuarine) Freshwater x Riparian wetlands north of N.F. Little Campbell appear hydrologically connected to creek. These are open wetlands which are becoming drier due to past dewatering via ditches. SOILS: The soils in the area are typically moderate to high permeability alluvial deposits with significant amounts of silt, clay and fine sand overlain by peat (Freethey, 1976). Depth to water table: less than 10 feet (Freethey et al., 1974) Surface soil erodibility: N/A 57 EXISTING HABITAT AND VEGETATION: unknown FISH AND WILDLIFE USE: limited waterbird use; rearing coho and king salmon and Dolly Varden HUMAN USE: wildlife viewing, open space HYDROLOGY: Watershed: North Branch, North Fork Little Campbell Creek Location within watershed: Within tributary basin Water Balance Components: Mean annual precipitation: about 15 inches (Ott Water Engineers, 1979); greatest runoff in late spring and late summer Evapotranspiration: 10-20 inches (Zenone, 1976); greatest amounts in early summer (Glass, 1986b) Tidal influence: none Stream channel inflow/outflow: minor amounts of intermittent flow may occur at this site as channel or surface runoff with a small drainage basin upstream Surface runoff inflow: may receive minor input Groundwater inflow/outflow: groundwater flow direction may generally be from east to west; there may be a net groundwater inflow to the site Storage capacity: little to moderate storage; may be sufficient to modify creek flows downstream Water Quality Components: Wetland quality: unknown; probably moderate water quality improvement capacity within wetland Pollutant sources: unknown SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION: 1"=100 feet MOA Map 2034 sedimentation basin has been discussed for this general area, engineered by J.M. Montgomery Engineers strong sewage odor near N.E. corner Shane Lee Estates subdivision; evidence of excavated drainage ditches into N.F. Little Campbell Creek which may have lowered the wetland water table. 58 POTENTIAL MITIGATION ACTIONS: Restoration X Enhancement X Acquisition evaluate wetland restoration by filling or blocking excavated ditches to restore water table in wetlands; evaluate potential for shallow excavations once water table is restored to enhance open water habitat for waterbirds; evaluate potential connection of open water areas to N.F. Little Campbell Creek to enhance rearing areas for coho and king salmon and Dolly Varden 59 mow, v z ...... p .............. ... ............... ... . ... .............. .. . ........ .. ..... ........ ........ ........ ....... ... .............. ... ........ X ...... .......... X: n EL ............. ............... ............... ........... ....... ........... R C --------------- ............ -4 z mo ........ .-i-O ....... ............ -19 .......... .......... ........... . ............ /* ............ mo P-* /4 ......... ........ ........ ......... ........ .... ........... ....... ............. X z ..... . ...... IX X 91 3 12 -:-F L X. @O RX3. Qi. 1-4 1 F, 6 9 9'\ 1 .. 5 -JA to @4 ...... 10 > CL 9,:. Ll C lnue 6 ............. @,q7 A ............. ...... TR:r- 23 0 to 20 16 .. ..... ... 15 ......... ... X. Ll co m CIO cn 6 TP A 12 -0 4 X., CA % No . .... . ..... - 3 U) N, 'A J6. 6 28 5'( 16 30 33 34 Ln CD X . .... . X 20 MUNICIPALITY OF ANCHORAGE POTENTIAL WETLAND MITIGATION SITE WETLAND SITE NO: A13 EVALUATION DATE: 6/30/81- WETLAND GEOGRAPHIC,AREA: ANCHORAGE BOWL LOCATION NAME: TIFFANY TERRACE/BABY BEAR WETLANDS MOA WETLAND PLAN DESIGNATION (SEPT. 1987 REVISION): 19A MOA WETLAND MAP SHEET (1982 COVERAGE): A57 MOA AERIAL PHOTO: Date 1985 Number 8-12, 8-13 WETLAND OWNERSHIP: MOA Public Private x ZONING: R-2 SL (Multiple Family Residential - Special Limitations) R-1 (1 Family Residential), R-3 SL (Multiple Family Residential - Special Limitations) WETLAND FUNCTIONS: Groundwater Recharge/Discharge x Flood Storage & Desynchronization x Shoreline Anchoring/Erosion Control Sediment Trapping x Nutrient Retention & Removal x Food Chain Support Fisheries Habitat x Wildlife Habitat x Active Recreation Passive Recreation & Heritage Value x WETLAND TYPE AND DESCRIPTION: Coastal (estuarine) Freshwater x riparian wetlands adjoining N.F. Little Campbell Creek; limited open water areas, high water table SOILS: The soils in the area are typically moderate to high permeability alluvial deposits with significant amounts of silt, clay and fine sand overlain by peat (Freethey, 1976). Depth to water table: less than 10 feet (Freethey et al., 1974) Surface soil erodibility: N/A 60 EXISTING HABITAT AND VEGETATION: unknown FISH AND WILDLIFE USE: occasional use by moose; limited waterbird use; juvenile coho and king salmon and Dolly Varden rear in North Fork Campbell Creek HUMAN USE: wildlife viewing, open space HYDROLOGY: Watershed: North Branch, North Fork Little Campbell Creek Location within watershed: within tributary basin Water Balance Components: Mean annual precipitation: about 15 inches (Ott Water Engineers, 1979); greatest runoff in late spring and late summer Evapotranspiration: 10-20 inches (Zenone, 1976); greatest amounts in early summer (Glass, 1986b) Tidal influence: none Stream channel inflow/outflow: minor amounts of intermittent flow may occur at this site as channel or surface runoff with a small drainage basin upstream Surface runoff inflow: may receive minor input Groundwater inflow/outflow: groundwater flow direction may generally be from east to west; there may be a net groundwater inflow to the site Storage capacity: little to moderate storage; may be sufficient to modify creek flows downstream Water Quality Components: Wetland quality: unknown; probably moderate water quality improvement capacity within wetland Pollutant sources: none identified SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION: sedimentation basin has been discussed for this general area, engineered by J.M. Montgomery Engineers 1"=100 feet MOA Map 2034 POTENTIAL MITIGATION ACTIONS: Restoration Enhancement X Acquisition maintain wetland functions and flow integrity into N.F. Little Campbell; evaluate potential for enhancement of waterbird use and rearing by juvenile salmonids through development of shallow open water areas connected to the stream 61 ... . .... ......... .. ............ ............ . ... ........... ................ EL ....... ............. ....... ............ T .......... ....... ... ... ............... .......... TR C ....... ............ .. 20 ....... Al ..... . ........... . . ........ Z ........X 19 ....... ........... ........... . .. ........... ..... m IM .. ............ . ,@S@r m ............ .... 14 (D .......... ....... ..... X-v 0 .......... ............................ Pi ............................. A .............. in X x In !-tj 19 7i, -,L) 14 20 Iz vF6 I cx I:q 6 0 J 5 5 % .4 iff; A 8 cr 'o CL C D DA V 13 nue . .......... z ... @,q7A > V M- 10 FT(T- A@'178 16 15 8 23 0 20 CD ...... @Tfi` ce 0 6 -@j TP 4 ........ 12 10 4 U) 0 eL C, CL 6 28 5,"@ 16 30 33 34 z LU WlI 2 JO X., MUNICIPALITY OF ANCHORAGE POTENTIAL WETLAND MITIGATION SITE WETLAND SITE NO: A14 EVALUATION DATE: 6/30/81- WETLAND GEOGRAPHIC AREA: ANCHORAGE BOWL LOCATION NAME: O'BRIEN STREET/E. 68TH STREET WETLANDS MOA WETLAND PLANDESIGNATION (SEPT. 1987 REVISION): 19A MOA WETLAND MAP SHEET (1982 COVERAGE): A56 MOA AERIAL PHOTO: Date 1985 Number 7-12, 7-13 WETLAND OWNERSH IP: MOA Public Private x ZONING: unknown WETLAND FUNCTIONS: Groundwater Recharge/Discharge X Flood Storage & Desynchronization X Shoreline Anchoring/Erosion Control Sediment Trapping X. Nutrient Retention & Removal Food Chain Support Fisheries Habitat x Wildlife Habitat X Active Recreation Passive Recreation & Heritage Value X WETLAND TYPE AND DESCRIPTION: Coastal (estuarine) Freshwater x wetland de'scription unknown SOILS: The soils in the area are typically moderate to high permeability alluvial deposits with significant amounts of silt, clay and fine sand overlain by peat (Freethey, 1976). Depth to water table: less than 10 feet (Freethey et al., 1974) Surface soil erodibility: N/A EXISTING HABITAT AND VEGETATION: Unknown 62'- FISH AND WILDLIFE USE: Unknown HUMAN USE: open space, wildlife viewing HYDROLOGY: Watershed: South Branch, North Fork Little Campbell Creek Location within watershed: on and adjacent to South Branch, North Fork Little Campbell Creek in lower portion of basin, just upstream of confluence with North Branch Water Balance Com2onents: Mean annual precipitation: about 15 inches (Ott Water Engineers, 1979); greatest runoff in late spring and late summer Evapotranspiration: 10-20 inches (Zenone, 1976); greatest amounts in early summer (Glass, 1986b) Tidal influence: none Stream channel inflow/outflow: significant inflow and outflow from South Branch, North Fork Little Campbell Creek with a large drainage basin upstream; long culvert upstream restricts flow, reducing flood storage function of this wetland and deflecting flow into North Branch during periods of high flow Surface runoff inflow: receives minor input from local area Groundwater inflow/outflow: groundwater flow direction may generally be from east to west; there may be a net groundwater outflow from the site Storage capacity: minor storage; minor effect on creek flows downstream Water Quality Components: Wetland quality: unknown; probably minor water quality improvement capacity within wetland Pollutant sources: significant pollution source is parking lot to the east Comments': Stream restoration (engineered by DOWL) has been discussed for this general area. This site would be abandoned and the stream rerouted upstream of this point, effectively dewatering the site which is marginally wetted at this time. SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION: ADF&G has indicated that this area has good rearing habitat for juvenile salmonids I"=100 feet MOA Map 2133 63 POTENTIAL MITIGATION ACTIONS: Restoration x . Enhancement Acquisition The wetland may have been dewatered following installation of MOA sewer line (porous gravel backfill, drainage of wetland water' along pipeline); restore wetland water table by installation of ditch plugs or impermeable material around the sewer line in the pipe trench (bentonite or similar material) 64 ........... .. . ... 0 0 .......... ...... .......... .............. ........... 0 .......... 0 ..... ....... ............. . ............ . . . . . . . . . . . .... . . . . . . . /2 ....... ............ D .......... X. ........ ........... 0 .................. ....... ..... ....... ....... . ...................... ............. . ......................... .. ............. .... .................. X.- - 0 7C) 00 *,*":::::::::: :: :::::::: : ::::::: ....................... 0 0 70 28 ...... ........... ......... . ........ ......................... ............................ ........ ....................... ............ . . . . .: .:: ....... .................... . . ........... .... X.: .......... . ........ ....... ....... Avenue X ............... ................... WEST 28000 ................... EAST SIXTY SIXTH Avenue .. ....... ...... ...................... ...................... I C) 12 -1 ('00 7 ....... 15 0 15000 ....... ..................... ON 722 ..................... P ...................... 9 232 .......................... 0 0 ........... 112 C 0"W 120 00_@ .................. ................... ............... ......... ................. N.: ............ E4ST 150-00 ........................ ............................................ ... .................... ............................ ............................... .... ............................. ..... ............ .................. .................... .................... ... ............ 1. .... ................. ........ .. .......... ................. ................... ........... ............ 0 ........ 24 ..................... ............................. ------- (85-69) 0 .......... ............... .......... ..... ................ 01. .................... .................. ........ ................. .................. 0 ........... ........... .... ............. 10 ........... . ......... .......... ................. .......... 01. .......... cc WEST 150.CO ................. .... ...... 0 .......... E 0 ........................ -j 0i ..... 0-4 .......... .. ............ ..................... ................. .:4.- .: .............. 4 .......... V.V . .......... ...... ............ ...................... ........... . *X. .................. ... .................. .... ................. ............. LIJ ................... ......... ..... ..... ...... ...... ..... ....... . . . ..... ....... ............ ... .. . .... . ...... ...... ... .... ............. ................ :.: J'r .............. ........ .......................... ... ........... ................... ................ ......... ........ CjtT% V s ON 1142D 334 ....... ... ......... ................ .................. ................... @JLT 37 ....................... . ............ tES T .-.@ ............ ...... ... ......... ..... ... ................. ............. 3 Welland ................. ..... ................. Areaof . . ........... . ............................... . m Mitigation Interest .. ......... ........ .... ......... ... .... .................... . ......... . . . . . ............. ................ .............. .............. ... ...... .................... M 15000 . ............. 50 ................ ................. . ................ Avenue Road Identification of Potential Wetland Mitiga tion Sites Within the Municipality of Anchomge O'BRIEN ST./E. 68TH ST. Prepared by: Resource Site No.: A14 Site Name: WETLANDS MOA Weiland No.: 19A Analysts 7/88 1 Scafe: 111=1001 MUNICIPALITY OF ANCHORAGE POTENTIAL WETLAND MITIGATION SITE WETLAND SITE NO: A15 EVALUATION DATE: 6/30/81- WETLAND GEOGRAPHIC AREA: ANCHORAGE BOWL LOCATION NAME: EAST OF LAKE OTIS DRIVE & NORTH OF E. 68TH AVENUE MOA WETLAND PLAN DESIGNATION (SEPT. 1987 REVISION): 19A MOA WETLAND MAP SHEET (1982 COVERAGE): A57 MOA AERIAL PHOTO: Date 1985 Number 8-12, 8-13 WETLAND OWNERSHIP: MOA Public Private x ZONING: B-3 (General and Strip Commercial Business Development) WETLAND FUNCTIONS: Groundwater Recharge/Discharge x Flood Storage & Desynchronization x Shoreline Anchoring/Erosion Control ediment Trapping x Nutrient Retention & Removal S Food Chain Support Fisheries Habitat Wildlife Habitat x Active Recreation Passive Recreation &.Heritage Value x WETLAND TYPE AND DESCRIPTION: Coastal (estuarine) Fre.shwater x upstream from Lake Ot is Drive east of Tesoro Station; isolated pond with wetland fringe floods from North Fork Little Campbell Creek at breakup SOILS: The soils in the area are typically moderate to high permeability alluvial deposits with significant amounts of silt, clay and fine sand overlain by peat (Freethey, 1976). Depth to water table: less than 10 feet (Freethey et al., 1974) Surface soil erodibility: N/A 65 EXISTING HABITAT AND VEGETATION: unknown FISH AND WILDLIFE USE: some use by waterbirds in spring HUMAN USE: open space, wildlife viewing HYDROLOGY: Watershed: North Fork Little Campbell Creek Location within watershed: between North and South Branches a short distance upstream from confluence Water Balance Components: Mean annual precipitation: about 15 inches@ (Ott Water Engineers, 1979); greatest runoff in late spring and late summer Evapotranspiration: 10-20 inches (Zenone, 1976); greatest amounts in early summer (Glass, 1986b) Tidal influence: none Stream channel inflow/outflow: no direct channel inflow, but North (maybe) and South Branches occasionally flood the area Surface runoff inflow: receives minor input from very small area near pond Groundwater inflow/outflow: groundwater flow direction may generally be from east to west; there may be a net groundwater outflow from the site Storage capacity: little storage; may be sufficient to modify creek flows downstream Water Quality Components: Wetland quality: unknown; probably moderate water quality improvement capacity within wetland Pollutant sources: adjacent roads may contribute sediments and other pollutants Comments.: very small pond at this site; wetland is threatened by recent excavation of North Branch Little Campbell Creek to match invert of new culvert under Lake Otis Drive SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION: 1"=100 feet MOA Map 3024 66 POTENTIAL MITIGATION ACTIONS: Restoration x Enhancement x Acquisition maintain hydrological connection of wetland to N.F. Campbell Creek (key is maintaining the integrity and functioning of the pond habitat); evaluate potential enhancement of the wetland habitat for use by rearing juvenile salmonids and nesting water'birds; provide access for coho and king salmon and Dolly Varden juveniles to pond and shallow water wetland 67 go, On no, M. IM So. so Owl M, X ..... .......... ... ...... ....... z v v ... ...... ......... ............. X .. ....... ... CL ........ .:sX ........... ........ >............ .... .. ........... Ln r* ...... X.: ........ ............... X.: z .......... .... ... ...... 1 3 0 . ......... k. rR C ................ . go m .. ................ -. -- --------------- ........... . o .............. ......... ............ .............. . m ........ =r 0 X ....... N ............. it .......... -, W3, U) m 3 ...... ...... .............. ........... ........... 4:4W X ........ ........ '7 1911 3 12 13 4 20 6 Ila AIGI I CD 6 z -X r E 9 ui A a A B 514 ... OTT^ ^Y@ > CID I f I mnue ----- -- 1 7 > M -j 17A C ............ .... l9a ............ .... TR 10 ............ .... 2 O@ 8 A 16 15 CL 23 178 C @jTRA 0 ch 6 4 U) 0 0 X. 0 CL 6 .. ..... 28 5, 30 33 34 X cn kj Q 1 20 1 MUNICIPALITY OF ANCHORAGE POTENTIAL WETLAND MITIGATION SITE WETLAND SITE NO: A16 EVALUATION DATE: 6/30/88_ WETLAND GEOGRAPHIC AREA: ANCHORAGE BOWL LOCATION NAME: TINA LAKE WETLANDS MOA WETLAND PLAN DESIGNATION (SEPT. 1987 REVISION): 12A MOA WETLAND MAP SHEET (1982 COVERAGE): A43, A54-55 MOA AERIAL PHOTO: Date 1985 Number 6-9 WETLAND OWNERSHIP: MOA Public Private X ZONING: I-1 (Light Industrial District) WETLAND FUNCTIONS: Groundwater Recharge/Discharge Flood Storage & Desynchronization X Shoreline Anchoring/Erosion Control Sediment Trapping x Nutrient Retention & Removal Food Chain Support Fisheries Habitat Wildlife Habitat X Active Recreation Passive Recreation & Heritage Value X WETLAND TYPE AND DESCRIPTION: Coastal (estuarine) Freshwater X wetlands adjoin perimeter of open water Tina Lake SOILS: The soils in the area are typically moderate to high permeability alluvial deposits with significant amounts of silt, clay and fine sand overlain by peat (Freethey, 1976). Depth to water table: less than 10 feet (Freethey et al., 1974) Surface soil erodibility: N/A EXISTING HABITAT AND VEGETATION: open water pond; emergent sedges and grasses, alder, and willow along south shore 68 - FISH AND WILDLIFE USE: wildlife habitat values for waterbirds relatively high; mallards, geese, gulls; some waterbird nesting HUMAN USE: wildlife viewing, open space, walking, hiking HYDROLOGY: adjoining wetlands important to water quality of Tina Lake; local drainage problems present to the east; NE portions of wetlands have direct connections to the lake Watershed: Campbell Creek Location within watershed: tributary basin Water Balance Components: Mean annual precipitation: about 15 inches (Ott Water Engrs, 1979); greatest runoff in late spring and late summer Evapotranspiration: 10-20 inches (Zenone, 1976); greatest amounts in early summer (Glass, 1986b) Tidal influence: none Stream channel inflow/outflow: no significant direct channel inflow apparent Surface runoff inflow: receives inflow from area near lake Groundwater inflow/outflow: groundwater flow direction may generally be from east to west; there may be a net groundwater outflow from the site Storage capacity: moderate storage; may be sufficient to modify creek flows downstream Water Quality Components.: Wetland quality: unknown; probably moderate water quality improvement capacity within wetland Pollutant sources: adjacent roads and development may contribute sediments and other pollutants SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION: The northeast portion of wetland is currently being filled (June 1988). MOA Wetlands Management Plan requires a setback of 65 ft from mean high water. It appears that the water level is being artificially lowered, thereby changing the boundary. At present, only the wetlands along south end of lake have not been disturbed . 1"=100 feet MOA Map 2030 POTENTIAL MITIGATION ACTIONS: Restoration - x Enhancement Acquisition x minimize impacts to Tina Lake waters from ongoing development activity and maintain function of remaining perimeter wetlands; - 69 correct drainage problems; investigate cause of lowering of lake level (constructed drainge?) and implement restoration; with the encroaching development, acquisition should be evaluated 70 67 A C: "A. D 5 .3 46 In 1 21 C 47 3, 51A "IT R, 0 112 D 17 AT fr_ - Uj i AI U I ! A z T I 'I T 3 P 4 13 C- "53 5A GA 87 A AA 5 !Z 2A-1 2A-2 910@ iA 2 @ F, I : .4 (b . -J. 13i1 2 6 7 19 *2 a 2B A 127 A 2 .0 Wth A 3 4 @A -""16 910 2a FN T ER 4 Crt j:: 2 IAJ I 58th CID 12 151 1110 10 2 r5A 4 b9th T i A 3 1A 3A 6.. B I D i A 'IC A I -'E 2G 2A 7 Cn n 2 2C 80 NIZA @-A C w w 1 19 w -3A w 'V 'A Er Cr 38 3 LO E A 6 --iC-,Cn 2 7E - 2 ;11 > 3 aj 4A 4 D 4 B 7 4 C < 6 9A 5A A ST 511 @@5 B 5 C -3 L 2 5 E i 8A 5A,.',\' @58 3 E7 < 2 0 w :)TR2 6 w 7A 7 C X 70 TP Q- --Cn W 66 th Crt 7'R TR 3 0 3A @W@6 7 t h ve cc < Wetland 2 5 rea of 14 mmm Mitigation Interest -RA R- D ttA '7 @@AAI -12 A jv 9'0 12 A Identification of Potential Wetland Mitigation Sites Within the Municipality of Anchorage Prepared by: Resource FSCale, Site No.: A16 Site Name: TINA LAKE MOA Wetland No.: 12A Analysts 7188 "=Soo, MUNICIPALITY OF ANCHORAGE POTENTIAL WETLAND MITIGATION SITE WETLAND SITE NO: A17 EVALUATION DATE: 6/30/88 WETLAND GEOGRAPHIC AREA: ANCHORAGE BOWL LOCATION NAME: TAKU LAKE WETLANDS MOA WETLAND PLAN DESIGNATION (SEPT. 1587 REVISION): N/A MOA WETLAND MAP SHEET (1982 COVERAGE): A68 MOAAERIAL PHOTO:. Date 1985 Number 6-7, 6-8 WETLAND OWNERSHIP: MOA X Public Private ZONING: Open Space Reserve WETLAND FUNCTIONS: Groundwater Recharge/Discharge X Flood Storage & Desynchronization X Shoreline Anchoring/Erosion Control Sediment Trapping X Nutrient Retention & Removal Food Chain Support X Fisheries Habitat X Wildlife Habitat X Active Recreation X Passive Recreation &,Heritage Value X WETLAND TYPE AND DESCRIPTION: Coastal (estuarine) Freshwater X A fringe of wetland has developed around the southwest perimeter of this man-made lake. SOILS: The soils'in the area are typically moderate to high permeability alluvial deposits with significant amounts of silt, clay and fine sand overlain by peat (Freethey,_ 1976). The area has been excavated to create Taku Lake. Depth to water table: less than 10 feet (Freethey et al., 1974); lake at water table surface Surface soil erodibility: N/A 71 EXISTING HABITAT AND VEGETATION: unknown FISH AND WILDLIFE USE: ADF&G has stocked the Taku/Campbell area with rainbow trout HUMAN USE: open space, wildlife viewing, fishing HYDROLOGY: Watershed: Campbell Creek Location within watershed: adjacent to the stream Water Balance Components: Mean annual precipitation: about 15 inches (Ott Water Engineers, 1979); greatest runoff in late spring and late summer Evapotranspiration: 10-20 inches (Zenone, 1976); greatest amounts in early summer (Glass, 1986b) Tidal influence: none Stream channel inflow/outflow: no apparent direct channel inflow or outflow Surface runoff inflow: probably receives inflow from surrounding area Groundwater inflow/outflow: groundwater flow direction may generally be from east to west; there may be a net groundwater outflow from the site Storage capacity: moderate storage; may be sufficient to modify creek flows downstream Water Quality,Components: Wetland quality: unknown; probably high water quality improvement capacity within wetland Pollutant sources: adjacent roads and development may contribute sediments and other pollutants SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION: area is within MOA open space reserve POTENTIAL MITIGATION ACTIONS: Restoration Enhancement X Acquisition evaluate potential for development of open water zones in wetland around Taku Lake and connect system to Campbell Creek; southwest portion of site has greatest potential for development of interconnected ponds which could attract increased waterbird use and provide rearing areas for juvenile salmonids; connect Taku Lake to Campbell Creek as per HEP guide for fisheries introduction; actions to increase shoreline diversity would enhance the wetland values of the site - 72 w TR 8 U) 3 211@ 7-P -W 7.2 nd Ave 7 4 G 6 K TP R -/,3 A-2 r)G IF 7M. io -woo P 6' U z cz@ 4, P 4-3 6 Ezql "I TP 4-4 2 Vb. 2 1 3 @7 S @E7 A- 1 ",7 7 h.,1 IET 4 "Y 1 12 18 77 4OF .,a 'jA 34 4f Z" 5 7 LLJ L :w iw 9 8 9 10 E 80 th Ave %# z 0 4 0 13 3 76 TR 13 A R-2M 2 T" 2 3 15 z 4 E8 3 rd Av' e.. 17 22._ TA LJ 3 L) 794-1 a < < 2A 'B-'1 A 2 C 1P 9 2E DANNER Ave (@, I r 9A AA -2t A-3 cr LU Wetiand T Areaof Sq -6 T ITI ffi2T] m m m Mitigation Interest Identification of Potential Wetland Mitigation Sites Within the Municipality of Anchorage Prepared by: Resou;@e Site No.: A17 Site Name: TAK U LAKE MOA Wetland No.: None Anal Scale: 1"=5001 MUNICIPALITY OF ANCHORAGE POTENTIAL WETLAND MITIGATION SITE WETLAND SITE NO: A18 EVALUATION DATE: 6/30/89- WETLAND GEOGRAPHIC AREA: ANCHORAGE BOWL LOCATION NAME: MINNESOTA BYPASS WETLANDS MOA WETLAND PLAN DESIGNATION (SEPT. 1987 REVISION): 6, 9 MOA WETLAND MAP SHEET (1982 COVERAGE): A54, A67, A76 MOA AERIAL PHOTO: Date 1985 Number 5-3/5-9, 6-4/6-7 WETLAND OWNERSHIP: MOA Public x Private x ZONING: PLI (Public Lands and Institutions), I-1 (Light Industrial District) WETLAND FUNCTIONS: Groundwater Recharge/Discharge x Flood Storage & Desynchronization x Shoreline Anchoring/Erosion Control Sediment Trapping x Nutrient Retention & Removal Food Chain Support x Fisheries Habitat Wildlife Habitat x Active Recreation x Passive Recreation & Heritage Value x WETLAND TYPE AND DESCRIPTION: Coastal (estuarine) Freshwater x open bog, freshwater marsh, open water ponds wetland bisected by construction of Minnesota Bypass (particularly near Raspberry Road and O'Malley) SOILS: The soils in the area are typically moderate to high permea bility alluvial deposits with significant amounts of silt, clay and fine sand overlain by peat (Freethey, 1976). Peat is composed of coarse to decomposed sphagnum moss and sedge fibers and is typically 4 to 12 ft thick (Glass, 1986a). Underlying the peat is about 11 ft of primarily sand with gravel and silt, which is underlain by the silt and clay of the Bootlegger Cove Formation (Glass, 1986a). 73 Depth to water table: about 1 to 6 ft (Glass, 1986a) Surface soil erodibility: N/A EXISTING HABITAT AND VEGETATION: unknown FISH AND WILDLIFE-USE: significant use of open wetlands habitat by waterfowl and shorebirds for staging, feeding, nesting, rearing HUMAN USE: wildlife viewing, open space, cross country skiing, hiking HYDROLOGY: Watershed: Conners Bog Location within watershed: east edge of basin Water Balance Components: Mean annual precipitation: about 15 inches (Glass, 1986a); greatest runoff in late spring and late summer Evapotranspiration: 10-20 inches (Zenone, 1976); greatest amounts in early summer (Glass, 1986b) Tidal influence: none Stream channel inflow/outflow: no significant direct channel inflow or outflow Surface runoff inflow: receives minor inflow from area east of the site Groundwater inflow/outflow: groundwater flow direction may generally be from northeast to southwest; there may be a net groundwater outflow from the site Storage capacity: large storage; no creek flow downstream Water Quality Components: Wetland quality: calcium and bicarbonate are predominant .cation and anion (Glass, 1986a); probably high water quality improvement capacity within wetland Pollutant sources: Minnesota Bypass and adjacent roads and development may contribute sediments and other pollutants Comments: see study by U.S. Geological Survey (Glass, 1986a) SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION: 1"=100 feet MOA Maps-2028, 2128, 2228 POTENTIAL MITIGA TION ACTIONS: Restoration X Enhancement X Acquisition restore cross drainage to correct dewatering of wetland on downslope side of roadway; evaluate potential for development of - 74 shallow depression interconnected ponds to improve function of high water table wetland as waterbird habitat. 75 MUNICIPALITY OF ANCHORAGE POTENTIAL WETLAND MITIGATION SITE WETLAND SITE NO: A19 EVALUATION DATE: 6/30/8-F WETLAND GEOGRAPHIC AREA: ANCHORAGE BOWL LOCATION NAME: SAND/SUNDI/JEWEL LAKES & WETLANDS MOA WETLAND PLAN-DESIGNATION (SEPT. 1987 REVISION): 2 MOA WETLAND MAP SHEET (1982 COVERAGE): A52, A65 MOA AERIAL PHOTO: Date 1985 Number 4-4,4-5,4-6 WETLAND OWNERSHIP: MOA x Public Private x ZONING: R-1 (1 Family Residential), PLI (Public Lands and Institutions, R-2M (Multiple Family Residential District), R-2 SL and R-3 SL (Multiple Family Residential Special Limitations) WETLAND FUNCTIONS: Groundwater Recharge/Discharge Flood Storage & Desynchronization x Shoreline Anchoring/Erosion Control x Sediment Trapping x Nutrient Retention & Removal x Food Chain Support x Fisheries Habitat x Wildlife Habitat x Active Recreation x Passive Recreation & Heritage Value x WETLAND TYPE AND DESCRIPTION: Coastal (estuarine) Freshwater x riparian wetlands adjacent to lake shorelines, shallow ponds and open water marsh, vegetated wetlands with high water table, remnants of canal and drainage channel construction SOILS: The soils in the area are typically moderate to high permeability alluvial deposits with significant amounts of silt, clay and fine ,sand overlain by peat (Freethey, 1976). Depth to water table: less than 10 feet (Freethey et al., 1974); lakes at water table surface Surface soil erodibility: unknown 76 EXISTING HABITAT AND VEGETATION: bogs and open water lakes, grasses, sedges, willows, alders, black spruce FISH AND WILDLIFE USE: heavy waterfowl use for feeding, nesting; local, limited fishery for Dolly Varden; ADF&G has stocked Jewel and Sand Lakes with rainbow trout and will be doing a limited stocking of Sundi Lake for the first time in 1988 (previously, public access concerns) HUMAN USE: open space, ice skating, walking and hiking, waterfowl and wildlife viewing, cross country skiing; provides educational opportunities for wetland functioning HYDROLOGY: wetlands that interconnect Sand, Sundi, and Jewel Lakes are hydrologically related; central core area of wetland has water table at or near the surface Watershed: Campbell Creek Location within watershed: tributary system Water Balance Components: Mean annual precipitation: about 15 inches (Zenone, 1976); greatest runoff in late spring and late summer Evapotranspiration: 10-20 inches (Zenone, 1976); greatest amounts in early summer (Glass, 1986b) Tidal influence: none Stream channel inflow/outflow: no apparent direct channel inflow or outflow Surface runoff inflow: receives moderate inflow from local drainage area Groundwater inflow/outflow: there may be a net groundwater inflow to the site from both the east and west in the unconfined aquifer (Zenone, 1976) Storage capacity: large storage; good capability to control flow downstream Water Quality Components: Wetland quality: probably high water quality improvement capacity within wetland Pollutant sources: unknown SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION: Southern portion up to 84th Avenue right-of-way is MOA parkland. 1"=100 feet MOA Maps 2124, 2125, 2224, 2225, 2324, 2325 - 77 - 1"=500 feet MOA Zoning Map 13 POTENTIAL MITIGATION ACTIONS: Restoration X Enhancement X Acquisition X acquire privately owned wetlands to insure protection and consistent management of wetland complex and hydrologically related lakes; evaluate need to modify canals and ditches from prior drainage efforts; consider winter construction of interconnected pools and shallow depressions to provide shallow open water habitats for waterbirds and encourage emergent vegetation 78 22 19 18 j BREP 7 5 6 7 w 80th Ave @80th Ave Ave 20 3 17 1 24 2 4 V 3 13 'U, 2 '3 06 9 A 9 A 79 3 7A 9 9 10 A e 10 9 F'@ Z4 6 21B - I- 5A 58 __Ln _X_ 20A 4 6L 7 7 12 14 10 -@2 \Y 16 17 18 W 86th Ave "0 -2A R 30 T 12X@ 72A w MMI 9 W 35 37 31 32 <1 33 4 T 368 1 3bA 38 w 88th Ave - \ U . A GA@ i A 1312 12 5 JA a ale EME 10 11.2j 4 42 4 A 9 C J1 0 e w 89th -51111 A 48 49 5 0 C 'Wetland 2 LU Ic 9A Areaof C. C m m Mitigation Intei A est TANYA C(,.).- .- W@. A". C), AR 2 .. . . . . 5 0. D, 0 500' 1000':s-- 5 A SCALE Identification of Potential Wetland Mitigation Sites Within the Municipality of Anchorage SANDISUNDIMEWELL Prepared by: Resource Site No.: A19 Site Name: LAKES & WETLANDS I MOA lAratland No.: 2 Analysts 7/88 1 Scale: V= 500' MUNICIPALITY OF ANCHORAGE POTENTIAL WETLAND MITIGATION SITE WETLAND SITE NO: A20 EVALUATION DATE: 6/30/81- WETLAND GEOGRAPHIC AREA: ANCHORAGE BOWL LOCATION NAME: CONNORS BOG/STRAWBERRY LAKE MOA WETLAND PLAN-DESIGNATION (SEPT. 1987 REVISION): 6 MOA WETLAND MAP SHEET (1982 COVERAGE): A41,A53-54, A67 MOA AERIAL PHOTO: Date .1985 Number 5-8, 5-9 WETLAND OWNERSHIP: MOA x Public x Private x SITE SPECIFIC WETLANDS STUDIES: Connors Bog Master Plan; Hogan and Tande 1982, 1983; Glass, 1986a ZONING: 'T (Transition) WETLAND FUNCTIONS: Groundwater Recharge/Discharge x Flood Storage & Desynchronization x Shoreline Anchoring/Erosion Control Sediment Trapping x Nutrient Retention & Removal -X Food Chain Support x Fisheries Habitat Wildlife Habitat x Active Recreation x Passive Recreation & Heritage Value x WETLAND TYPE AND DESCRIPTION: Coastal (estuarine) Freshwater riparian wetlands adjoining Connors, Blueberry, and Strawberry lakes; hydrologically connected swales and depressions throughout varying from black spruce bog to open water ponds with emergent vegetation; SOILS: The soils in the area are typically moderate to high permeability alluvial deposits with significant amounts of silt, clay and fine sand overlain by peat (Freethey, 1976). Peat is composed of coarse to decomposed sphagnum moss and sedge fibers and is typically 4 to 12 ft thick (Glass, 1986a). Peat layer is capable of storing a large amount of water. Underlying the peat is about 11 ft of 79 primarily sand with gravel and silt, which is underlain by the silt and clay of the Bootlegger Cove Formation (Glass, 1986a). Depth to water table: about 1 to 6 ft (Glass, 1986a); lakes at water table surface Surface soil erodibility: N/A EXISTING HABITAT AND VEGETATION: This is a concave patterned bog complex containing two lakes (Connors and Strawberry) and scattered forested bog islands. A series of string bogs and ericaceous shrub bogs occur between Connors Lake in the north and Strawberry Lake in the south. Bog ridges join to form nets around seasonally flooded shallow ponds. Parallel bog ridges are aligned across the slope at right angles to water movement. Man-induced drainage and flooding has altered the natural vegetation patterns of the entire wetland. Pioneering plants (alder, paper birch, willows, bluejoint grass, rush) are present along the remnant shoreline of Connors Lake from a previously higher water level. The ditch dewatering Strawberry Lake has decreased the lake's open water area to one-fourth its original 9.2 acres. FISH AND WILDLIFE USE: Used by waterbirds for nesting, feeding, resting; 80 species of birds have been observed in Connors Bog. The area supports populations of Hudsonian godwits and short-billed dowitchers, locally uncommon species. South side of Connors Bog is the most heavily used area in the spring. Strawberry Lake and the pools to the north provide open water earliest and are first to be used by ducks and geese for feeding and resting during migration. Connors Lake was historically (but no longer) stocked with rainbow trout. HUMAN USE: skiing, walking and hiking, waterfowl and wildlife viewing, open space; important use for outdoor education HYDROLOGY: Watershed: Conners Bog Location within watershed: Strawberry in southeast corner of basin Water Balance Components: Mean annual precipitation: about 15 inches (Glass, 1986a); greatest runoff in late spring and late summer Evapotranspiration: 10-20 inches (Zenone, 1976); greatest amounts in early summer (Glass, 1986b) Tidal influence: none Stream channel inflow/outflow: no significant direct channel inflow or outflow - 80 Surface runoff inflow: receives inflow from areas adjacent to the site Groundwater inflow/outflow: groundwater flow direction is generally be from north to south in the Strawberry Lake area (Glass, 1986a); there may be a net groundwater outflow from the site Storage capacity: large storage; no creek flow downstream' Water Quality Components: Wetland quality: calcium and bicarbonate are predominant cation and anion (Glass, 1986a); probably high water quality improvement capacity within wetland Pollutant sources: Minnesota Bypass and adjacent roads and development may contribute sediments and other pollutants complex interconnected hydrology; Connors Lake recharge areas identified; Minnesota Bypass interrupts some of the recharge flow from eastern portions of the bog; ditch has drained shrub/scrub habitat adjoining Strawberry Lake; only minor role in water purification; important role for storm storage capacity and flood hazard reduction SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION: Connors Bog and Strawberry Meadows proposed by MOA for acquisition of private ownership parcels under USFWS Wetlands Concept Plan disposal of snow from roadway plowing and off-road vehicle damage are concerns within wetland 1"=100 feet MOA Maps 1927, 1928, 2026, 2027 POTENTIAL MITIGATION ACTIONS: Restoration Enhancement X Acquisition X more water needed in Strawberry lake; effects of ditching and dewatering to be corrected; acquisition of undeveloped private ownership parcels within and surrounding the wetlands to protect the functions and watershed which recharges Connors Lake; draft MOA Wetlands Plan has identified specific parcels for purchase 81 ................... ..... .. .... X r R ............. ..... YE z ............ .................... ..................... ................. ............... ....... ......... .......... ............ . ...... ........ .. .............. :J: ...... ....... ...................... ......... .... ......... ... .... ............. . . . .... ........ . ..... ............... ... ........... .......... ................... ...... ..... ........... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..... . . . . . . . X, . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............... .................. . .. ........... ........ ............ ........... fA ....... ....... ...... .... .......... ...... ........... ............. . . .... ........ ........ ... ...... ................ ................ . ................ ................... . .................. Ave ....... 46%.'.*.* .... .. .. ..... ... . . . . . .......... ......... ...... ..... ............ .......... .......... LJ 17 -7 1 11 . ........... .. Ln .............. W r. 6 f h Ave ............. * ................. ...... ..................... ....................... ..................... 5C ................ . . ........... .... --------- ...... w 6- Th Ave ..... ..... ........ ... Co 2 _j 7 0. < M 8 (r ?6@ u PR Rd 25 10 1 12 .0. 'I. 4n:5 7 w,, 16 151- 'Wetland Cr ........... LiF ....... .. 20 21 Areaof M M Mitigation Interest Ave Identification of Potential Wetland Mitigation Sites Within the Municipality of Anchorage CONNORSBOG/ Prepared by: Reso Site No.: A20 Site Name: STRAWBERRY LAKE TMOA Wetland No.: 6 Analysts 7/88 =Scale: 1 MUNICIPALITY OF ANCHORAGE POTENTIAL WETLAND MITIGATION SITE WETLAND SITE NO: A21 EVALUATION DATE: 6/30/88_ WETLAND GEOGRAPHIC AREA: ANCHORAGE BOWL LOCATION NAME: BLUEBERRY LAKE MOA WETLAND PLAN-DESIGNATION (SEPT. 1987 REVISION): 6 MOA WETLAND MAP SHEET (1982 COVERAGE): A54 MOA AERIAL PHOTO: Date 1985 Number 5-8,6-8,6-9 WETLAND OWNERSHIP: MOA Public Private X SITE SPECIFIC WETLANDS STUDIES: Connors Bog Master Plan; Glass, 1986a ZONING: I-1 (Light Industrial District) WETLAND FUNCTIONS: Groundwater Recharge/Discharge X Flood Storage & Desynchronization X Shoreline Anchoring/Erosion Control Sediment Trapping X Nutrient Retention & Removal Food Chain Support X Fisheries Habitat Wildlife Habitat X Active Recreation Passive Recreation & Heritage Value X WETLAND TYPE AND DESCRIPTION: Coastal (estuarine) Freshwater X dewatered freshwater lake and riparian wetlands within larger Connors Bog Complex SOILS: The soils in the area are typically moderate to high permeability alluvial deposits with significant amounts of silt, clay and fine sand overlain by peat (Freethey, 1976). Peat is composed of coarse to decomposed sphagnum moss and sedge fibers and is typically 4 to 12 ft thick (Glass, 1986a). Underlying the peat is about 11 ft of primarily sand with gravel and silt which is underlain by the silt and clay of the Bootlegger Cove Formation (Glass, 1986a). 82 - Depth to water table: about 1 to 6 ft (Glass, 1986a) Surface soil erodibility: N/A EXISTING HABITAT AND VEGETATION: unknown FISH AND WILDLIFE USE: waterbird habitat HUMAN USE: wildlife viewingr open space HYDROLOGY: Watershed: Conners Bog Location within watershed: Blueberry on east edge of basin Water Balance Components: Mean annual precipitation: about 15 inches (Glass, 1986a); greatest runoff in late spring and late summer Evapotranspiration: 10-20 inches (Zenone, 1976); greatest amounts in early summer (Glass, 1986b) Tidal influence: none Stream channel inflow/outflow: no significant direct channel inflow or outflow Surface runoff inflow: receives inflow from areas adjacent to the site Groundwater inflow/outflow: groundwater flow direction is generally from northeast to southwest in the Blueberry Lake area (Glass, 19.86a); there may be a net groundwater outflow from the site Storage capacity: large storage; no creek flow downstream Water Quality Components: Wetland quality: calcium and bicarbonate are predominant cation and anion (Glass, 1986a); probably high water quality improvement capacity within wetland Pollutant sources: Minnesota Bypass and adjacent roads and development may contribute sediments and other pollutants SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION: ongoing suit filed by EPA for draining of Blueberry Lake 1"=100 feet MOA Maps 2028, 2029 POTENTIAL MIT IGATION ACTIONS: Restoration X Enhancement X Acquisition X restore water level in Blueberry Lake; evaluate potential enhancement of riparian wetlands adjoining lake; acquire private lands to protect Blueberry Lake and Connors Bog complex 83 - I v IV ............... 4b 1CP qrng a Util Esm .... ... 1. 30"w w07@!t GL9 ---.-SL51-64 N 100 Tole a Else Cal ......... ... ...... 101 Tole 8 Elec Esmt TRA C r 8, . ...... .......... ..... . ........ .... ...... ....... kp ................ ...... ..... .................. ..... ej X- Wetland .............. Areaof ................ immm Mitigation Interest ........... ...................... Identification of Potential Watland Mitigation Sites www Within the.M..unicipality of Anchorage -T MOA Wetiand No.: 6 Analysts Scale, Prepared by: Resource te No., A21 Site Name: BWEBERRY LAKE 7/88 MUNICIPALITY OF ANCHORAGE POTENTIAL WETLAND MITIGATION SITE WETLAND SITE NO: A22 EVALUATION DATE: 6/30/88 WETLAND GEOGRAPHIC AREA: ANCHORAGE BOWL LOCATION NAME: DELONO LAKE PARK WETLANDS MOA WETLAND PLANDESIONATION (SEPT. 1987 REVISION): 3, 4 MOA WETLAND MAP SHEET (1982 COVERAGE): A41, A52 MOA AERIAL PHOTO: Date 1985 Number 4-7,4-8 WETLAND OWNERSHIP: MOA x Public x Private x SITE SPECIFIC WETLANDS STUDIES: Anchorage International Airport Master Plan ZONING: PLI (Public Lands and Institutions), R-1 (1 Family Residential) WETLAND FUNCTIONS: Groundwater Recharge/Discharge X Flood Storage & Desynchronization x Shoreline Anchoring/Erosion Control x Sediment Trapping x Nutrient Retention & Removal x Food Chain Support x Fisheries Habitat x Wildlife Habitat x Active Recreation x Passive Recreation & Heritage Value x WETLAND TYPE AND DESCRIPTION: Coastal (estuarine) Freshwater x DeLong Lake and adjoining riparian wetlands; Meadow Lake and adjoining riparian wetlands SOILS: The soils in the area are typically moderate to low permeability lake and pond deposits composed of silt, clay and fine sand (Freethey, 1976). Depth to water table: less than 10 feet at lakes, 10 to 20 feet between lakes (Freethey et al., 1974) Surface soil erodibility: N/A 84 - EXISTING HABITAT AND VEGETATION: unknown FISH AND WILDLIFE USE: Meadow Lake and associated wetlands recognized by ADF&G as important waterbird habitat;.rainbow trout stocked in Delong Lake by ADF&G HUMAN USE: wildlife viewing, open space, fishing, ice skating HYDROLOGY: Watershed: Delong-Meadow Lake system Location within watershed: center of closed basin Water Balance Components: Mean annual precipitation: about 15 inches (Zenone, 1976); greatest runoff in late spring and late summer Evapotranspiration: 10-20 inches (Zenone, 1976); greatest amounts in early summer (Glass, 1986b) Tidal influence: none Stream channel inflow/outflow: no significant direct channel inflow or outflow Surface runoff inflow: receives inflow from areas adjacent to the site Groundwater inflow/outflow: groundwater flow direction is generally from east to west (Zenone, 1976); there may be a net groundwater inflow to the site Storage capacity: moderate storage; no creek flow downstream Water Quality Components: Wetland quality: probably high water quality improvement capacity within wetland Pollutant sources: adjacent roads and development may contribute sediments and other pollutants SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION: Part of DeLong Lake wetlands is MOA parkland and Homeowner's Association common areas around lake edge. State of Alaska land is designated as park in the Anchorage International Airport Master Plan. POTENTIAL MITIGATION ACTIONS: Restoration Enhancement X Acquisition X Explore feasibility of connecting surface swales in upland between DeLong Lake and Meadow Lake to expand wildlife habitat and to improve productivity of lake-associated wetlands. Acquisition of private ownership parcels would improve management of preservation - 85 wetlands and protect water input along defined drainage channels. Specific parcels recommended for acquisition are identified in the MOA Draft Wetland Plan. 86 4 34:35 .. ........ ... ....... ......... .... 4 ............. ... ...... im, .. ..... 5 -A w--***.-*----*1-1-"*. W 61 st @ve a: 2 of z r- L. ..... 13 2 0 .................. . .... .... ....... ........ 17 @V,4 W 63@d e ....... . . . '21 9 X ...... V2- 2 o4 19 3 @3 i:j U 4 Ct 5 5 TR' 18 13 Be 9 A 10 3 E2 11 p- 1 16 iA i A -11@@ 16 3 15 1 Q. z >. 'C TRE Zj 2A IL-F-A 341 z 27 -[A 5 ir 6 =)- 0 a: 0 6 12 @2 8 6A 2 8 z U) 21 20 A, 2 A w- 22B w U i- 2 B 9 8A tj 14*-,'l 23 D w CL 1A 17 IOA 26 2 "' I . i UA TAL 1491- 2 a I C Wetiand 0 14A 13A w 7 nd ve Cr 14- 10 0 6" im I Are 16 U- a of r Ci r, 23 m m Mitigation Interest CIP, 26 24 A A U 3 uj@@, i i 1 151 r I identification of Potential Wetland Mitigation Sites Within the Municipality of Anchorage DELONG LAKE repared by: Resou@-ce-@ Analysts 7188 S le: 10=500, Site No.: A22 Site Name: PARK WETLANDS MOA Wetiand No.: 3,4 MUNICIPALITY OF ANCHORAGE POTENTIAL WETLAND MITIGATION SITE WETLAND SITE NO: A23 EVALUATION DATE: 6/30/8F WETLAND GEOGRAPHIC AREA: ANCHORAGE BOWL LOCATION NAME: COASTAL TRAIL WETLANDS MOA WETLAND PLAN-DESIGNATION (SEPT. 1987 REVISION): 5D MOA WETLAND MAP SHEET (1982 COVERAGE): A26 MOA AERIAL PHOTO: Date 1985 Number 1 - 6 WETLAND OWNERSHIP: MOA x Public Private SITE SPECIFIC WETLANDS STUDIES: identified for special study in MOA 1982 Anchorage Wetlands Plan ZONING: PLI WETLAND FUNCTIONS: Groundwater Recharge/Discharge x Flood Storage & Desynchronization- x Shoreline Anchoring/Erosion Control Sediment Trapping . Nutrient Retention & Removal Food Chain Support Fisheries Habitat Wildlife Habitat x Active Recreation Passive Recreation & Heritage Value x WETLAND TYPE AND DESCRIPTION: Coastal (estuarine) Freshwater x open wetland with high spring runoff through culvert under Anchorage Coastal Trail; site has no open water habitat SOILS: The soils in the area are typically moderate to high permeability alluvial deposits with significant amounts of silt and clay (Freethey, 1976) . Depth to water table: probably near surface Surface soil erodibility: N/A 87 EXISTING HABITAT AND VEGETATION: unknown FISH AND WILDLIFE USE: unknown HUMAN USE: wildlife viewing, open space HYDROLOGY: Two drainage corridors are known to exist at the ends of each of the parcels comprising wetland 5D. Heavy spring runoff flows through a culvert under Anchorage Coastal Trail which adjoins the west perimeter of the wetlands. Watershed: unnamed drainages Location within watershed: in basin, may be connected to small channel Water Balance Components: Mean annual precipitation: about 15 inches (Zenone, 1976); greatest runoff in late spring and late summer Evapotranspiration: 10-20 inches (Zenone, 1976); greatest amounts in early summer (Glass, 1986b) Tidal influence: none Stream channel inflow/outflow: channel outflow reported during spring runoff through culvert under coastal trail; no inlet channel known Surface runoff inflow: probably receives minor inflow from areas adjacent to the site Groundwater inflow/outflow: there may be a net groundwater outflow from the site Storage capacity: minor storage; some impact on small drainage flow downstream Water Quality Components: Wetland quality:- probably moderate water quality improvement capacity within wetland Pollutant sources: none known SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION: none POTENTIAL MITIGATION ACTIONS: Restoration - Enhancement X Acquisition Evaluate the potential for construction of a water control structure or impoundment to create an open water area attractive to waterbirds on the upslope side of the Anchorage Coastal Trail. 88 2 0 16. N7. CS JTC' Al' 1. xMilk- Wetland ED m Area of Mitigation Interest Identification of Potential Wetland Mitigation Sites Within the Municipality of Anchorage -COASTAL TiZ[---T 26' Prepared by: Resou;@T@ Site Name: MOA - 1 -=Soo, Site No.: A23 WETLAND Welland No.: Analysts 7/88 Scale, MUNICIPALITY OF ANCHORAGE POTENTIAL WETLAND MITIGATION SITE WETLAND SITE NO: A24 EVALUATION DATE: 6/30/81- WETLAND GEOGRAPHIC AREA: ANCHORAGE BOWL LOCATION NAME: EARTHQUAKE PARK WETLANDS MOA WETLAND PLAN-DESIGNATION (SEPT. 1987 REVISION): 5 MOA WETLAND MAP SHEET (1982 COVERAGE): A17 MOA AERIAL.PHOTO: Date 1985 Number 4-11 WETLAND OWNERSHIP: MOA X Public Private ZONING: PLI (Public Lands and Institutions) WETLAND FUNCTIONS: Groundwater Recharge/Discharge X Flood Storage & Desynchronization Shoreline Anchoring/Erosion Control Sediment Trapping Nutrient Retention & Removal Food Chain Support X Fisheries Habitat Wildlife Habitat X Active Recreation X Passive Recreation &.Heritage Value X WETLAND TYPE AND DESCRIPTION: Coastal (estuarine) Freshwater X isolated ponds and wetlands created by undulating topography of the Earthquake Park subsidence area; variable size, with smallest almost obscured by shrub and tree vegetation along upland perimeter SOILS: The soils in the area are typically moderate to low permeability deposits composed of silt, clay, and fine sand (Freethey, 1976). Depth to water table: less than 10 feet (Freethey et al., 1974) Surface soil erodibility: N/A EXISTING HABITAT AND VEGETATION: alternating upland ridges and small swales/ponds; includes open water ponds, wetland depressions surrounded by alder and willow 89 - FISH AND WILDLIFE USE: waterfowl use of open water ponds,-particularly by teal HUMAN USE: wildlife viewing, open space, hiking HYDROLOGY: Watershed: isolated depressions Location within watershed: center of closed basins Water Balance Components.: Mean annual precipitation: about 15 inches (Zenone, 1976); greatest runoff in late spring and late summer Evapotranspiration: 10-20 inches (Zenone, 1976); greatest amounts in early summer (Glass, 1986b) Tidal influence: none Stream channel inflow/outflow: typically none Surface runoff inflow: receives very minor inflow from areas adjacent to the site Groundwater inflow/outflow: there may be a minor net groundwater inflow to the site Storage capacity: minor storage; no creek flow downstream Water Quality Components Wetland quality: N/A Pollutant sources: none SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION: area is within MOA Earthquake Park. 1"=100 feet MOA Maps 1524, 1525 POTENTIAL MITIGATION ACTIONS: Restoration Enhancement X Acquisition Some of the ponds may be made more attractive to waterfowl if deepened and expanded in size. Other ponds have become overgrown with vegetation and may warrant hand-removal of excessive woody vegetation along the perimeters to make the wetlands more attractiv e to waterbirds. 90 m = I" m m z p 7m K NIK ARM :e m M )p 5-0 zo 9 NE-- Mt)o Un > CL ....... . Oto C (a 27 f 41RPORT GOUY ID, I R Y L (D Ego 00 0 rL IIF cn 13 MUNICIPALITY OF ANCHORAGE POTENTIAL WETLAND MITIGATION SITE WETLAND SITE NO: A25 EVALUATION DATE: 6/30/88 WETLAND GEOGRAPHIC AREA:' ANCHORAGE BOWL LOCATION NAME: LOWER FISH CREEK WETLANDS MOA WETLAND PLAN DESIGNATION (SEPT. 1987 REVISION): N/A MOA WETLAND MAP SHEET (1982 COVERAGE): A18 MOA AERIAL PHOTO: Date 1985 Number 5-12,5-13,5-14 WETLAND OWNERSHIP: MOA X Public Private X ZONING: R-1A (1 Family Residential District - Large Lot) WETLAND FUNCTIONS: Groundwater Recharge/Discharge X Flood Storage & Desyn6hronization Shoreline Anchoring/Erosion Control X Sediment Trapping X Nutrient Retention & Removal Food Chain Support Fisheries Habitat X Wildlife Habitat _X Active Recreation Passive Recreation &.Heritage Value X WETLAND TYPE AND DESCRIPTION: Coastal (estuarine) X Freshwater tidally-influenced wetlands at the mouth of Fish Creek SOILS: The soils in the area are typically moderate to low permeability deposits composed of silt, clay, and fine sand (Freethey, 1976). Depth to water table: less than 10 feet (Freethey et al., 1974) Surface soil erodibility: N/A EXISTING HABITAT AND VEGETATION: within tidal zone; minimal vegetative development (sparse halophytes); several perched ponds present 91 FISH AND WILDLIFE USE: area used for feeding and resting by waterfowl and shorebirds HUMAN USE: wildlife viewing (particularly along the Anchorage Coastal Trail), open space HYDROLOGY: Watershed: Fish Creek Location within watershed: on and adjacent to stream channel at mouth/estuary Water Balance Components: Mean annual precipitation: about 15 inches (Zenone, 1976); greatest runoff in late spring and late summer Evapotranspiration: 10-20 inches (Zenone, 1976); greatest amounts in early summer (Glass, 1986b) Tidal influence: inflow during flood tides Stream channel inflow/outflow: Fish Creek passes through site; flow may be moderate Surface runoff inflow: receives minor inflow from small drainage areas adjacent to the site Groundwater inflow/outflow: there may be minor net groundwater inflow to the site Storage-capacity: minor storage; minimal control of creek flow downstream Water Quality Components: Wetland quality: probably moderate water quality improvement capacity within wetland Pollutant sources: runoff from local and upstream developments may contribute sediments and other pollutants to the site SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION: The wetlands are not identified in revised MOA Wetlands Plan since they are coastal (estuarine). 1"=100 feet MOA Map 1427 POTENTIAL MITIGATION ACTIONS: Restoration Enhancement x Acquisition enhance perched ponds; stabilize water levels; encourage shallow water vegetation to create attractive habitat for waterbirds; evaluate development of estuarine impoundment with water control structure and enhancement of estuarine vegetation at the mouth of Fish Creek - 92 14A ot N es. 4OF TR U Q4S 44 42 43 4 TRACT d-2 45 4*'- r rR D- 5 i Ilk 49 16 A 3 20 4 48 8 46 49 11 -2 15 47 45 2 4 35 2 (r 36 13 3 20 -0 Di .10 4 25 2 4 0 39 16 .7 BA 16A 4 13 4f 15A B .135 28. J4 48 @JtjrjL-Aj @o 0 10 9 Wetland r% U 2 7 9A a 25 Area of 7 24 215 m m Mitigation Inte !!Ii 28-A Identification of Potential Wetland Mitigation Sites Within the Municipality of Anchorage LOWER FISH CREEK Prepared by: Resource Site No.: A25 Site Name: WETLANDS MOA Wetland No.: N/A Analysts 7188 Scale: 111=500, MUNICIPALITY OF ANCHORAGE POTENTIAL WETLAND MITIGATION SITE WETLAND SITE NO: A26 EVALUATION DATE: 6/30/88 WETLAND GEOGRAPHIC AREA: ANCHORAGE BOWL LOCATION NAME: WESTCHESTER LAGOON OUTLET WETLANDS MOA WETLAND PLAN DESIGNATION (SEPT. 1987 REVISION): 14 MOA WETLAND MAP SHEET (1982 COVERAGE): A19 MOA AERIAL PHOTO: Date 1985 Number 5-13,5-14 WETLAND OWNERSHIP: MOA X Public X Private ZONING: R-1A (1 Family Residential District - Large Lot), R-2M (Multiple Family Residential District) WETLAND FUNCTIONS: Groundwater Recharge/Discharge x Flood Storage & Desynchronization Shoreline Anchoring/Erosion Control Sediment Trapping x Nutrient Retention & Removal x Food Chain Support x Fisheries Habitat Wildlife Habitat X Active Recreation Passive Recreation & Heritage Value X WETLAND TYPE AND DESCRIPTION: Coastal (estuarine) Freshwater X shallow ponds and adjoining wetlands with emergent vegetation between Westchester Lagoon and ARR right-of-way SOILS: The soils in the area are typically moderate to low permeability deposits composed of silt, clay, and fine sand (Freethey, 1976). Depth to water table: less than 10 feet (Freethey et al., 1974) Surface soil erodibility: N/A EXISTING HABITAT AND VEGETATION: freshwater ponds with emergent cattails 93 FISH AN D WILDLIFE USE: waterbird feeding and nesting HUMAN USE: wildlife viewing (close proximity to Anchorage Coastal Trail), open space HYDROLOGY: Watershed: Chester Creek Location within watershed: on and adjacent to stream channel near mouth Water Balance Components: Mean annual precipitation: about 15 inches (Brabets, 1987); greatest runoff in late spring and late summer Evapotranspiration: 10-20 inches (Zenone, 1976); greatest amounts in early summer (Glass, 1986b) Tidal influence: none Stream channel inflow/outflow: Chester Creek passes through culvert at the site; flow is substantial, but isolated from the proposed site development Surface runoff inflow: receives very minor inflow from local drainage areas adjacent to the site Groundwater inflow/outflow: there may be minor net groundwater inflow to the site Storage capacity: minor storage; minimal control of creek flow downstream Water Quality Components: Wetland quality: probably minor water quality improvement capacity within wetland Pollutant sources: runoff from railroad may contribute sediments and other pollutants to the site SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION: some areas of wetland may be within the Chester Creek Greenbelt 1"=100 feet MOA Map 1428 POTENTIAL MITIGATION ACTIONS: Restoration Enhancement X Acquisition .southern pond: improve vegetation for waterbirds and increase pond depth northern pond: enlarge and enhance cattail pond vegetation for waterbirds on MOA lands between the existing parking areas and ponds 94 3A 4A SA 1A 10A 3A A 12 7C 7D 5A 6A 11B 4 1A 1A 3 @7 2A 4A A 9 iA IA12 115 6 121 1 L[ 115 5 L4 13A 7h 3A 10 1A 10 5A 7A 6B 1A 81 12 1 FF19 ]4@A@48TC IC 7 1 2 4E 10A I 1A, 1 2 9A 9B (J) TOA 10A (n _SA__ 3C 3F 5 WTPT 4 3B H HC 108 7 P5A 78 6814 4 2 [A 6A 5A 3A 1 26 1 LAURENCE 7Q U t 12 12 D 78 SA 9A 11 12A 7C 11A; 21 6 A a 4A 5@ W 14th Aver 19A 8A 5 -7 r1% 6 10 6 NO ; 1@4 1 13 'R 20 555 2'3 2 T TRACT d-2 IT/ TR 19 '*@? D- WEST d 'YO TR 2 SCHOOL s1rE Wetland A Areaof 4 2 m Mitigation Interest Identification of Potential Wetland Mitigation Sites Within the Municipality of Anchorage WESTCHESTER LAGOON I Prepared by: Resou Site No.: A26 Site Name: OUTLET MOA Wetiand No.: 14 Analysts 7/88 @Scale. 1 -= 5001 MUNICIPALITY OF ANCHORAGE POTENTIAL WETLAND MITIGATION SITE WETLAND SITE NO: A27 EVALUATION DATE: 6/30/88 WETLAND GEOGRAPHIC AREA: ANCHORAGE BOWL LOCATION NAME: WESTCHESTER LAGOON INLET & WESTCHESTER LAKE MOA WETLAND PLAN-DESIGNATION (SEPT. 1987 REVISION): 14 MOA WETLAND MAP SHEET (1982 COVERAGE): A19 MOA AERIAL PHOTO: Date 1985 Number 5-13,5-14 WETLAND OWNERSHIP: MOA x Public Private ZONING: PLI (Public Lands and Institutions) WETLAND FUNCTIONS: Groundwater Recharge/Discharge x Flood Storage & Desynchronization x Shoreline Anchoring/Erosion Control x Sediment Trapping x Nutrient Retention & Removal x Food Chain Support x Fisheries Habitat x Wildlife Habitat x Active Recreation x Passive Recreation &.Heritage Value x WETLAND TYPE AND DESCRIPTION: Coastal (estuarine) Freshwater x wetlands with shallow water emergent vegetation adjoining the shoreline of Westchester Lagoon, Westchester Lake, and the mouth of Chester Creek SOILS: The soils in the area are typically moderate to low permeability deposits composed of silt, clay, and fine sand (Freethey, 1976). Depth to water table: less than 10 feet (Freethey et al., 1974); lake at water table surface Surface soil erodibility: N/A 95 EXISTING HABITAT AND VEGETATION: open water lagoon and lake with wetland fringe, vegetated islands, riparian wetlands along Chester Creek FISH AND WILDLIFE USE: significant use by ducks, geese, shorebirds, gulls for nesting, feeding, resting HUMAN USE: high visibility wetland for public viewing and education; water sports on lagoon and lake, including sailing, boating; Chester Creek inlet maintains open water through most winters providing wintering habitat for mallards HYDROLOGY: Watershed: Chester Creek Location within watershed: on and adjacent to stream channel near mouth Water Balance Components: Mean annual precipitation: about 15 inches (Brabets, 1987); greatest runoff in late spring and late summer Evapotranspiration: 10-20 inches (Zenone, 1976); greatest amounts in early summer (Glass, 1986b) Tidal influence: none Stream channel inflow/outflow: Chester Creek passes through the site; flow is substantial Surface runoff inflow: receives minor inflow from local drainage areas adjacent to the site Groundwater inflow/outflow: there may be minor net groundwater outflow from the site Storage capacity: major storage; control of creek flow downstream Water Quality Components: Wetland quality: probably moderate water quality improvement capacity within wetland Pollutant sources: runoff from roads and other developments may contribute sediments and other pollutants to the site SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION: 1"=100 feet MOA Maps 1428, 1429, 1529 POTENTIAL MITIGATION ACTIONS: Restoration X Enhancement Acquisition remove fill at southeast end of lagoon n ear Chester Creek inflow under Minnesota Drive; expand wetlands toward West High School hill 96 to improve waterfowl nesting habitat; evaluate wetland expansion along existing wetlands/uplands border east of Minnesota Drive below the hill 97 7A Ic ]A loc 3A 92 100 4A 8B 9A 7A 6B 48 78 1A 10A 12 7C 70 5A 6A 11B I A I A 4b -I @ A +-r 7 ) 2 4A GA 4A r9 1 iA 1A 12 L5 5 L4 1,[[@A] 5 6 15 6 5t BA j 9'Al 3A A 18 8 10 7F 9A K -10 f[678 7A 5) [--0- E7A A A FM9 1A E 7 A 46 2874A I A ICA 32CI 8 9A 10A 10A 3F 108 7 11 3" 4 n5A B 9 26 26 78 68 IL 4 2-- OOF z 1;' 12A @4A 0 11 12A A 21 H7C iA; 6A 21A 4A AVe' -TA- a 15 W 14th 79A 5 1 5 -7-8-1- , G A 9 0- 6T C -0 I I L6- 22! 9 T 1 <Court E, 32 :4 -4 TR C417 Wetland Area of Mitigation Interest .7 0;1..&*. T 6z 41 TR D.-3 V WES T a pro TR 2 SCH 114 @m M* Identification of Potential Wetland Mitigation Sites Within the Municipality of Anchorage WESTCHESTER LAGOON I INLET & Prepared by: Resou STCHESTIER -DUKE Analysts 7/88 le: V Site No.: A27 Site Name: WE MOA Wetiand No.: 14 =SCI MUNICIPALITY OF ANCHORAGE POTENTIAL WETLAND MITIGATION SITE WETLAND SITE NO: A28 EVALUATION DATE: 6/30/8@T WETLAND GEOGRAPHIC AREA: ANCHORAGE BOWL LOCATION NAME: ELDERBERRY PARK IMPOUNDMENT MOA WETLAND PLAN-DESIGNATION (SEPT. 1987 REVISION): N/A MOA WETLAND MAP SHEET (1982 COVERAGE): A8 MOA AERIAL PHOTO: Date 1985 Number 6-14, 6-15 WETLAND OWNERSHIP: MOA Public X Private ZONING: R-1A (I Family Residential District Large Lot) WETLAND FUNCTIONS: Groundwater.Recharge/Discharge Flood Storage & Desynchronization Shoreline Anchoring/Erosion Control x Sediment Trapping X Nutrient Retention & Removal X Food Chain Support X Fisheries Habitat Wildlife Habitat X Active Recreation Passive Recreation &.Heritage Value X WETLAND TYPE AND DESCRIPTION: Coastal (estuarine) X Freshwater coastal impoundment demonstration project constructed by MOA on tideflats downslope of the Anchorage Coastal Trail; site is south of Elderberry Park SOILS: The soils in the area are typically moderate to low permeability deposits composed of silt, clay, and fine sand (Freethey, 1976). Depth to water table: less than 10 feet (Freethey et al., 1974) Surface soil erodibility: N/A EXISTING HABITAT AND VEGETATION: unvegetated tideflats with constructed impoundment utilizing fresh- water surface runoff with tidal waters to create estuarine wetland 98 - FISH AND WILDLIFE USE: original site used by migrant waterbirds HUMAN USE: wildlife viewing HYDROLOGY: Watershed: local unnamed drainages Location within watershed: at mouth/estuary Water Balance Components: Mean annual precipitation: about 15 inches (Brabets, 1987); greatest runoff in late spring and late summer Evapotranspiration: 10-20 inches (Zenone, 1976); greatest amounts in early summer (Glass, 1986b) Tidal influence: may have inflow during diurnal flood tides Stream channel inflow/outflow: no significant channel inflow; may have outflow through culvert outlet Surface runoff inflow: receives minor inflow from local drainage areas adjacent to the site Groundwater inflow/outflow: there may be minor net groundwater inflow to the site Storage capacity: minor storage; minimal control of creek flow downstream Water Quality Components: Wetland quality: probably minor water quality improvement capacity within wetland Pollutant sources: runoff from bluff may contribute sediments and other pollutants to the site SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION: 1"=100 feet MOA Map 1229 POTENTIAL MITIGATION ACTIONS: Restoration . Enhancement X Acquisition This is an experimental MOA project done as mitigation for Coastal Trail construction. evaluate for possible expansion of Elderberry Park impoundment and coastal impoundment concept if successful in creating wetland habitat for waterbirds; possible enhancement work between coastal trail and ARR to encourage wetland development; evaluate potential for revegetation of the impoundment dike 99 4 PU- Vim 5., 6 12 35 .4 @2A 1A 12A 1B 5: 7A 6A 6A 7A - 7A 12A 9e TA A goo% A 9 A .4 -T-.'6; 7A 7,a I C 92 94 9A -TA 4 B 95 f,. 'Impoundmentt 711 I A near Coastal Trai L 10A 12 10 9 7C 71) 5A 6A 13A 2Aj F 131 IA 6 4 4A 0 11' Ai 7 Yi:- AID -L A C@@ I i L 6- 6 3A 15 5: IA 2 5 - 5 5 4 5 16@A6 5 4 B 2 1 13 7A 8 3A A 0 @':R! 316. 10 5A L-Li V6 '04 2 -21f@ TiI 25C 8 19 110 Ila 7-^ -7 4a IA I 4A 3 4 E 2 @"@25 DI z- j 3A 5 A 38 )e 41, ------ Wetland T T Area of LAURENCE A Mitigation Interest or A@ 21A Identification of Potential Wetland Mitigation Sites Within the Municipality of Anchorage ELDERSERRYPARK Prepared by: esource Analysts 7188 Scale: 1"=5001 Site No.: A28 Site Name: IMPOUNDMENT TMOA Wetland No.: None R MUNICIPALITY OF ANCHORAGE POTENTIAL WETLAND MITIGATION SITE WETLAND SITE NO: A29 EVALUATION DATE: 6/30/88 WETLAND GEOGRAPHIC AREA: ANCHORAGE BOWL LOCATION NAME: BUSINESS PARK WETLANDS MOA WETLAND PLANDESIGNATION (SEPT. 1987 REVISION): 13 MOA WETLAND MAP SHEET (1982 COVERAGE): A43 MOA AERIAL PHOTO: Date 1985 Number 6-10,6-11 WETLAND OWNERSHIP: MOA Public Private x ZONING: B-3 SLI R-4 WETLAND FUNCTIONS: Groundwater Recharge/Discharge x Flood Storage & Desynchronizatiori x Shoreline Anchoring/Erosion Control Sediment Trapping x Nutrient Retention & Removal x Food Chain Support x Fisheries Habitat Wildlife Habitat x Active Recreation Passive Recreation & Heritage Value x WETLAND TYPE AND DESCRIPTION: Coastal (estuarine) Freshwater x original wetland principally black spruce open bog with limited open water, some patterned ground; open water segments of hydrologically isolated wetland enhanced by impeded drainage of surrounding development SOILS: The soils in the area are typically moderate to high permeability alluvial deposits with significant amounts of silt, clay and fine sand overlain by peat (Freethey, 1976). Depth to water table: less than 10 feet (Freethey et al., 1974) Surface soil erodibility: N/A 100 EXISTING HABITAT AND VEGETATION: open black spruce bog with limited open water areas, some nesting areas, some emergent vegetation FISH AND WILDLIFE USE: Area provides intensively used early spring nesting habitat for waterbirds; 12-15 species were identified nesting in the wetlands in 1988. Most common and conspicuous species are Canada geese, pintails, mallards, wigeon, and shorebirds. Breeding densities of waterfowl areamong highest in the region. HUMAN USE: high visibility wetland surrounded by residential and business park development; important open space in heavily-developed area HYDROLOGY: Watershed: originally drained to Fish Creek Location within watershed: headwaters of tributary to Fish Creek that has apparently been isolated from Fish Creek by development Water Balance Components: Mean annual precipitation: about 15 inches (Ott Water Engineers, 1979); greatest runoff in late spring and late summer Evapotranspiration: 10-20 inches (Zenone, 1976); greatest amounts in early summer (Glass, 1986b) Tidal influence: none Stream channel inflow/outflow: none Surface runoff inflow: receives minor input from local area Groundwater inflow/outflow: there may be a minor net groundwater outflow from the site Storage capacity: moderate storage; minor effect on creek flows downstream Water Quality Components: Wetland quality: probably moderate water quality improvement capacity within wetland Pollutant sources: pollution sources include the adjacent parking lots and roads and use of site as snow disposal site Comments: citizens considering group purchase; recent concern about site hydrology related to construction of a storm drain system-which is potentially intercepting surface runoff before it reaches the wetlands SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION: Area has previously been used as a snow dump site which has resulted in problems with trash and oily residue after snowmelt. 1"=100 feet MOA Map 1830 101 POTENTIAL MITIGATION ACTIONS: Restoration Enhancement x Acquisition x High priority is placed on this wetland for acquisition. do not allow future use as a snow dump site; buffer area from development impacts; maintain clean water and insure adequate water supply to continue function of wetland Recognized limitations to site include limited open water availability, presence of surrounding development, and lack of habitat diversity. This-wetland has been identified by MOA for acquisition under USFWS Wetlands Concept Plan. 102 201 125.00 30 30 .. NORTti 105.01 z ... .. ... ............. t. NORTH 330-00 .3,9.3 BERING N 0 00 0 5' 3 8w300.0 0 'L L3 ................ .......... X. ...... . .... -4 M ... ...... . . ... z . . ... . ... 14 .. .. .. rrl .... . 14 P* . . .......... . .... .. .. ....... ... .. . ..... .. . .............. z m .. ... 4. (a 0 r* o ... . ... ..... .. ......... . .... . .. ..... ................ ....... . . .. ... .... . . .... .... . . . ............ .... . . ... . . .... "T . ............... . .. .... . . ..... ... . ..... ..... ... .... ... z .... ........... . .... .......... ... ............. ............. . . .. .... > CL ............. .. ... .... . . ......... . ... . .......... . .... . ..... . > V ...... 00 ........... . . ... .... V ............... .. .... .... ......... CL ... .... . . . ......... ........... Cl) . . . .. ... C . . .. ... w 0 ...... ............ .. CL ..... ........ ... .... . ... . . ... .. ,-Oo @@,T X. "F MUNICIPALITY OF ANCHORAGE POTENTIAL WETLAND MITIGATION SITE .WETLAND SITE NO: A30 EVALUATION DATE: 6/30/88 WETLAND GEOGRAPHIC AREA: ANCHORAGE BOWL LOCATION NAME: WETLAND EAST OF C STREET AND SOUTH OF TUDOR ROAD MOA WETLAND PLAN-DESIGNATION (SEPT. 1987 REVISION): 13 MOA WETLAND MAP SHEET (1982 COVERAGE): A43 MOA AERIAL PHOTO: Date 1985 Number 6-10, 6-11 WETLAND OWNERSHIP: MOA Public Private X ZONING: B-3 SL WETLAND FUNCTIONS: Groundwater Recharge/Discharge X Flood Storage & Desynchronization X Shoreline Anchoring/Erosion Control Sediment Trapping Nutrient Retention & Removal Food Chain Support Fisheries Habitat Wildlife Habitat X Active Recreation Passive Recreation & Heritage Value X WETLAND TYPE AND DESCRIPTION: Coastal (estuarine) Freshwater X high wat er table bog environment with limited open water areas occurring naturally; small pond with vegetated margins at south end of disturbed area used as discharge point for dewatering excavation; area currently being mined for peat/topsoil with extensive excavation SOILS: The soils in the area are typically moderate to high permeability alluvial deposits with significant amounts of silt, clay and fine sand overlain by peat (Freethey, 1976). Depth to water table: less than 10 feet (Freethey et al., 1974) Surface soil erodibility: N/A 103 EXISTING HABITAT AND VEGETATION: spruce bog wetland dewatered for peat excavation; open water habitat limited to dewatering pond site; surrounding vegetative community of birch non-wetland plants indicates drier environment due to dewatering activity FISH AND WILDLIFE USE: A portion of area is dewatered to allow excavation of peat. Water pumped to holding pond on south end of site attracts waterfowl and geese which nest in the wetlands and utilize the open water area. HUMAN USE: proximity to C Street gives high visibility and familiarity to the site; geese and ducks with broods commonly observed feeding on planted roadway vegetation along east side of C Street adjacent to the wetland area HYDROLOGY: Watershed: originally drained to Fish Creek Location within watershed: headwaters of tributary to Fish Creek that has apparently been isolated from Fish Creek by development Water Balance Components: Mean annual precipitation: about 15 inches (Ott Water Engineers, 1979); greatest runoff in late spring and late summer Evapotranspiration: 10-20 inches (Zenone, 1976); greatest amounts in early summer (Glass, 1986b) Tidal influence: none Stream channel inflow/outflow: none Surface runoff inflow: receives minor input from local area Groundwater inflow/outflow: -there may be a minor net groundwater outflow from the site Storage capacity: moderate storage; minor effect on creek flows downstream Water Quality Components: Wetland quality: probably minor water quality improvement capacity within wetland Pollutant sources: pollution sources include current mining of peat at the north end and the adjacent roads SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION: need to obtain information on final plans for disposition of the site after peat/topsoil operation is completed I"=100 feet MOA Map 1830 104 POTENTIAL MITIGATION ACTIONS: Restoration X Enhancement X Acquisition X Ditched wetlands and dewatered areas need to be returned to productive wetland habitat. Availability of adequate water to maintain a wetland community in the excavation is unknown. If the water table is adequately high, shallow depressions in areas adjoining the open pit may be developed to hold water throughout the nesting and rearing season. Protect area from further peat stripping. Evaluate the feasibility of acquisition. 105 rR A rR 8 rp C 2 _j 4 z @"113 A LLJ 3A E 42nd. A 64 _4L 0;-Mj_ S46 2 AID 84i@;195S SA 9 TUGof:@. MOOG 0 6 @A:' IA- I A P-A 7A ,a 4 A ................... 3 24 A CT 1 A 3 xi .q .. ....... L E .................... (@ 3 A!q 0 X-Ave th 0 Ce 22 25 17 L 41h 1 A . .... ...... ........ ..... X ............. .... vf 12 @7)_ 4EE X 5 Ar ............... .. 20 ......... ........ .. ............ ....... 2 32 ............. .... AK (n ........ ......XI 37 /3 4 .......... .............. ............... .......................... 9 . ......... ........ 9A ?4 ............ F (D TR A 7 .. ... TR ........... :: R,-O 2 ........... ........ . ...... Cr) ................ ............... .......... . ...... 3 XX ..................... ......... ...... 10 5G . . . . . . . ..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 151 ......... @OA Aj14@ .......... Uj < ......... 34 4L ............ Av . ..... E 51st Cr A 3 110 LU 7 _x:: L) LL X -X-3 ...... 19A 68 1 118F, E- INTERWATIONAL AIRPORT 4A 6 ILI 7'P TR I? 12 20 2 5 rd Ave I I ., II 3A-1 CD !E 54th Ave Wetiand 'D C3 13 A 12 H .1 11 I ., ' @ I @ m Area of --7- -_7 E 154t@ Ave . I - 1@ - .-"'-' mmm Mitigation Interest T, 4 5 2 A_ >- - @-3 0 - , 1: - UZ?-- 2 Identification of Potential Wetland Mitigation Sites Within the Municipality of Anchorage WETLAND EAST OF C ST. Prepared by: Resouj7c@S Site No.., A30 Site Name: SOUTH OF TUDOR MOA Wetland No.: 13 Analysts 7/88 cale, 1 MUNICIPALITY OF ANCHORAGE POTENTIAL WETLAND MITIGATION SITE WETLAND SITE NO: A31 EVALUATION DATE: 6/30/88 WETLAND GEOGRAPHIC AREA: ANCHORAGE BOWL LOCATION NAME: WETLANDS S* OF Z,J. LOUSSAC LIBRARY, MOA WETLAND PLAN-DESIGNATION (SEPT. 1987 REVISION): 13 MOA WETLAND MAP SHEET (1982 COVERAGE): A31 MOA AERIAL PHOTO: Date 1985 Number 6-11, 6-12 WETLAND OWNERSHIP: MOA x Public Private x ZONING: B-3 SL (General and Strip Commercial Business District Special Limitations), R-3 (Multiple Family Residential District) WETLAND FUNCTIONS: Groundwater Recharge/Discharge x Flood Storage & Desynchronization x Shoreline Anchoring/Erosion Control Sediment Trapping x Nutrient Retention & Removal Food Chain Support Fisheries Habitat Wildlife Habitat x Active Recreation x Passive Recreation & Heritage Value x WETLAND TYPE AND DESCRIPTION: Coastal (estuarine) Freshwater x open water pond with vegetated wetland margin; smaller open water areas are present throughout the wetland; area has been disturbed but has revegetated naturally with willows and grasses SOILS: The soils in the area are typically moderate to high permeability alluvial deposits with significant amounts of silt, clay and fine sand overlain by peat (Freethey, 1976). Depth to water table: less than 10 feet (Freethey et al., 1974) Surface soil erodibility: N/A 106 EXISTING HABITAT AND VEGETATION: disturbed remnants of Heather Meadows; limited open water, some natural revegetation by aquatic plant species FISH AND WILDLIFE USE: waterfowl, Canada geese, yellowlegs, gulls., and other shorebirds utilize the area for feeding; occurrence of nesting unknown HUMAN USE: open space, bird-viewing-, hiking HYDROLOGY: Watershed: originally drained to Fish Creek Location within watershed: adjacent to old Fish Creek alignment with uncertain current hydrologic connection to Fish Creek Water Balance Components: Mean annual precipitation: about 15 inches (Ott Water Engineers, 1979); greatest runoff in late spring and late summer Evapotranspiration: 10-20 inches (Zenone, 1976); greatest amounts in early summer (Glass, 1986b) Tidal influence: none Stream channel inflow/outflow: none likely Surface runoff inflow: receives minor input from local area Groundwater inflow/outflow: there may be a minor net groundwater outflow from the site Storage capacity: moderate storage;-minor effect on creek flows downstream Water Quality Com2onents: Wetland quality: probably moderate water quality improvement capacity within wetland Pollutant sources: no major pollution sources SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION: area may be within 17-acre parcel designated for a MOA park 1"=100 feet MOA Map 1731 POTENTIAL MITIGATION ACTIONS: Restoration x Enhancement x Acquisition The presence of the pond suggests a high water table or adequate surface runoff which could provide constructed, open water areas attractive to waterfowl. evaluate development of interconnected, shallow depressions; wetland vegetation could be enhanced to provide food and cover for - 107 waterbirds; pond habitat could be enhanced by contouring, revege- tating, and ensuring presence of adequate water; areas previously disturbed could be restored to wetland functions for waterbird habitat Consider future development of MOA park to provide wildlife viewing and open space in a manner which compliments the wetland values 108 1 7 1 1 -, 'I JL- T11 0 E 32nd Ave 0-/0 TRE TI? f- TR 6 i4 3 1 < rR Al w 16 V-e V E 33rd Ave 6 TP 0-12 (n Cn y- 1 2 58 Z i A w TR D-13 z -1 3: 4 3 x 8 5 41 LLJ LU w Cr E f e TP E 3 5 7-P G TR F 7 _j 4N TRA rR B rR 58th Av 7'R A T,- E ......... . TR IDTOWN PARK SITE BOUNDARY 40th Ave 401h A@, .... ........ ........... B-3 1101 I I A'- A X. 91 --)3 4 E .42nd. 6 A . ... T. .......... X. X. X X ta SA Koac TUD-0 Wetiand 0 161111 jl;@ 1 6 1 .2A: i5 6 Area of 10 A!I A !11 7A m Mitigation Interest A I rR 'T A ILI 11 @Ih Av 3e ,q A -VF T S -f)21 Identification of Potential Wetland Mitigation Sites Within the Municipality of Anchorage A31 WETLANDS SOUTH OF Prepared by: ResourcT FScale-.I-= Site No.: Site Name: Z.J. LOUSSAC LIBRARYTMOA Wetland No.: 13 Analysts 7188 MUNICIPALITY OF ANCHORAGE POTENTIAL WETLAND MITIGATION SITE WETLAND SITE NO: A32 EVALUATION DATE: 6/30/88 WETLAND GEOGRAPHIC AREA: ANCHORAGE BOWL LOCATION NAME: LAKE OTIS/TUDOR ROAD WETLANDS MOA WETLAND PLAN-DESIGNATION (SEPT. 1987 REVISION): 17 MOA WETLAND MAP SHEET (1982 COVERAGE): A32 MOA AERIAL PHOTO: Date 1985 Number 7-15 WETLAND OWNERSHIP: MOA Public Private x ZONING: R3 WETLAND FUNCTIONS: (prior to development disturbance) Groundwater Recharge/Discharge x Flood Storage & Desynchronization x Shoreline Anchoring/Erosion Control Sediment Trapping x Nutrient Retention & Removal x Food Chain Support x sheries Habitat Wildlife Habitat x "i Active Recreation Passive Recreation & Heritage Value x WETLAND TYPE AND DESCRIPTION: Coastal (estuarine) Freshwater x sedge wetlands and open water ponds associated with the headwaters of Fish Creek; open stream channel originally passed through wetlands; large portion of wetlands filled by developer north of Tudor Road SOILS: The soils in the area are typically high to very high permeability alluvial sandy gravel deposits overlain by peat (Freethey, 1976). Depth to water table: less than 10 feet (Freethey et al., 1974) Surface soil erodibility: N/A 109 EXISTING HABITAT AND VEGETATION: The majority of the wetland is filled but not developed. A remnant of original wetland is present along margin of the fill to west and north. Man-made stream channel along toe of fill is non-functional. FISH AND WILDLIFE USE: prior to filling activity, area supported waterfowl nesting HUMAN USE:- waterfowl and wildlife viewing, open space; area has high visibility to public HYDROLOGY: surface hydrology now severely altered; some surface flow through culverts under Lake Otis Parkway from McLaughlin and Alaska Psychiatric Institute Watershed: originally Fish Creek Location within watershed: headwaters of old Fish Creek Water Balance Components: Mean annual precipitation: about 15 inches (Ott Water Engineers, 1979); greatest runoff in late spring and late summer Evapotranspiration: 10-20 inches (Zenone, 1976); greatest amounts in early summer (Glass, 1986b) Tidal influence: none Stream channel inflow/outflow: a small amount of inflow passes through culverts under Lake Otis Parkway; outflow unknown Surface runoff inflow: receives minor input from local area Groundwater inflow/outflow: there may be a minor net groundwater outflow from the site Storage capacity: moderate storage; minor effect on creek flows downstream Water Quality Components: Wetland quality: probably moderate water quality improvement capacity within wetland Pollutant sources: runoff from fill placed in wetland and from adjacent development may contribute sediments and other pollutants SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION: "Mitigation" for initial fill action was to provide channel around toe of fill with very narrow vegetated buffer. The action was ineffective and surface flow in channel is negligible. The water level of remaining wetland may have dropped from pre-disturbance condition. The fill pad has never been developed. 1"=100 feet MOA Map 1733 - 110 POTENTIAL MITIGATION ACTIONS: Restoration X Enhancement X Acquisition X Acqusition is recommended. The fill should then be removed and an attempt made to restore wet,land features including meandering flow channel, interconnected open water ponds, and wetland vegetation in shallow water. Culverts under Lake Otis Parkway should be fixed to restore surface flow. Water flow.to, Waldron wetlands on south side of Tudor Road should be maintained. 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Identification of Potential Wetland Mitigation Sites Within the Municipality of Anchorage S/TUDOR Site No.: A3 ---TSIte Name: ROAD WETLANDS Scale: 111=1 LAKE CYtI Prepared by: Resource 2 MOA Wetland No.: 17 Analysts 7/88 MUNICIPALITY OF ANCHORAGE POTENTIAL WETLAND MITIGATION SITE WETLAND SITE NO: A33 EVALUATION DATE: 6/30/88 WETLAND GEOGRAPHIC AREA: ANCHORAGE BOWL LOCATION'NAME: WALDRON LAKE MOA WETLAND PLAN-DESIGNATION (SEPT. 1987 REVISION): 17 MOA WETLAND MAP SHEET (1982 COVERAGE): A44 MOA AERIAL PHOTO: Date 1985 Number 7-14, 7-15 WETLAND OWNERSHIP: MOA Public Private X ZONING: PLI (Public Lands and Institutions) WETLAND FUNCTIONS: Groundwater Recharge/Discharge Flood Storage & Desynchronization Shoreline Anchoring/Erosion Control X Sediment Trapping X Nutrient Retention & Removal Food Chain Support Fisheries Habitat Wildlife Habitat X Active Recreation X Passive Recreation & Heritage Value X WETLAND TYPE AND DESCRIPTION: Coastal (estuarine) Freshwater X Waldron Lake is a man-made, open water lake with poorly developed wetland margins;.the lake is surrounded by grassy athletic fields and an unvegetated berm SOILS: The soils in the area are typically high to very high permeability alluvial sandy gravel deposits (Freethey, 1976). Depth to water table: at surface in lake and less than 10 ft adjacent to lake (Freethey, et al. 1974) Surface soil erodibility: N/A EXISTING HABITAT AND VEGETATION: constructed lake, limited wetland development on the periphery 112 FISH AND WILDLIFE USE: Waterfowl utilize Waldron Lake, but the wetland may not provide nesting habitat. HUMAN USE: Waldron Lake is in an existing park and is used as open space and for waterfowl viewing. HYDROLOGY: Watershed: between the Fish Creek and Campbell Creek drainage basins Location within watershed: divide between basins Water Balance Components: Mean annual precipitation: about 15 inches (Ott Water Engineers, 1979); greatest runoff in late spring and late summer Evapotranspiration: 10-20 inches (Zenone, 1976); greatest amounts in early summer (Glass, 1986b) Tidal influence: none Stream channel inflow/outflow: none known Surface runoff inflow: receives minor input from local area Groundwater inflow/outflow: lake levels may be maintained by relatively high water table; needs to be verified Storage capacity: minor storage; minimal effect on creek flows downstream Water Quality Components: Wetland quality: probably minor water quality improvement capacity within site Pollutant sources: no pollution sources have been identified SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION: St. Mary's Church at corner'of Lake Otis Parkway and Tudor Road may own the wetlands adjacent to the south side of Tudor Road feet MOA Map 1833 POTENTIAL MITIGATION ACTIONS: Restoration Enhancement X Acquisition maintain water source; control encroaching recreational development; enhance Waldron lake wetland margins to improve habitat for waterfowl; improve shoreline diversity; encourage wetland plant revegetation; build vegetated islands in Waldron lake for waterfowl nesting 113 10 11 1121 IA 6 2A A I A 1 6 9 5A @A -70-A-1 12 A 6 F 2 B-IA 2B 1A2 1 E- 3@ Ave Y r 12 12 11 16 a) 303 21 3 ;ii - 1 0- F. 4 114 Ly 6 6A '8' 8 +74 6 L, 6 2 3 18 17 3C E 38 h 1A 17 2@ CD 17A 3B 5A Z- 3 -6 - - I )---- - i 24 7A 6A 3 -- ----4 P6- 1. 7P . 9th Ave 0 21\ Q 7 8 26 v 21 TA N -79 TWN T N v 8A lo 14 231 1 1 1 6 128 10 2 V" -2 dn th _r_t_ r P LJ 17 26 'A 27 2 P@ @', - @11-1 I :r A -21 Cj -1V j S S LE' 2 3 3 R@i 2' f2 V%N 10, 15 112062 w 15 (L-R 6 4:1 -B-31 1 2 a: -4- (D_ SL -z- -4 -) C, Q A-083 4 LL) 4 10A -j 31 U.1- TP 4, w P4.0. NO. 78-26 SA z 32 13 0 S..... TP 2 TR 2 R 2 C@ 7'9 . . ... ...... 12 Cal r @6 tt L10 r E Crt r (@7 6 26 1 r Ei, 4 7 th Crt -7 :.V 6 0 LL -0 -j ON11 r -i LU - F CIR4= 38 49 35 TT 3 14 13 Wetiand rt 27 Area of M Mitigation Interest Identification of Potential Wetland Mitigation Sites @ 2 J2 C7- 9 Within the Municipality of Anchorage Prepared by: Resou;@e- Site No.: A33 Site Name: WALDRON LAKE TMOA Wetiand No.: 17 Analysts 7/88 FScale: 1" MUNICIPALITY OF ANCHORAGE POTENTIAL WETLAND MITIGATION SITE WETLAND SITE NO: A34 EVALUATION DATE: 6/30/88 WETLAND GEOGRAPHIC AREA: ANCHORAGE BOWL LOCATION NAME: WALDRON WETLANDS MOA WETLAND PLAN.DESIGNATION (SEPT. 1987 REVISION): 17 MOA WETLAND MAP SHEET (1982 COVERAGE): MOA AFRIAL PHOTO: Date 1985 Number 7-14, 7-15 WETLAND OWNERSHIP: MOA X Public Private ZONING., R-3 (Multiple Family Residential), R-2A (2 Family Residential - Large Lot), R-0 (Residential-Office District), R-0 SL (Residential Office District with Special Limitations) WETLAND FUNCTIONS: Groundwater Recharge/Discharge X Flood Storage & Desynchronization X Shoreline Anchoring/Erosion Control Sediment Trapping X Nutrient Retention & Removal X Food Chain Support X Fisheries Habitat Wildlife Habitat X Active Recreation Passive Recreation & Heritage Value X WETLAN1', TYPE AND DESCRIPTION: Coastal (estuarine) Freshwater X headwaters wetland for Fish Creek; open water pond with emergents, waterlilies; sedge wetlands adjoining open water channels extends south from Tudor Road SOILS: -P The soils in the area are typically high to very high permeability alluvial sandy gravel deposits overlain by peat (Freethey, 1976). Depth to water table: may be near surface Surface soil erodibility: N/A 114 EXISTING HABITAT AND VEGETATION: white spruce uplands surrounding open meadow wetlands with interconnected open water areas, waterlilies, emergent aquatic vegetation FISH AND WILDLIFE USE: Wetland important to waterbirds for nesting, feeding, resting. Area is buffered by uplands from surrounding development and disturbance. Wetlands are utilized by moose. HUMAN USE: wildlife viewing, open space HYDROLOGY: Watershed: originally Fish Creek Location within watershed: headwaters of old Fish Creek Water Balance Components: Mean annual precipitation: about 15 inches (Ott Water Engineers, 1979); greatest runoff in late spring and late summer Evapotranspiration: 10-20 inches (Zenone, 1976); greatest amounts in early summer (Glass, 1986b) Tidal influence: none Stream channel inflow/outflow: inflow sources are unknown Surface runoff inflow: receives minor input from local area Groundwater inflow/outflow: there may be a minor net groundwater outflow from thesite Storage capacity: moderate storage; moderate effect on creek flows downstream Water Quality Components: Wetland quality: probably moderate water quality improvement capacity within wetland Pollutant sources: no pollution sources have been identified SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION: 1"=100 feet MOA Map 1833 POTENTIAL MITIGATION ACTIONS: Restoration Enhancement Acquisition X Waldron wetlands are presently undisturbed, although the effects of development activity in the headwaters north of Tudor Road area is unknown. This area provides high quality waterbird habitat in a protected and buffered setting. Acquistion is recommended to protect the area from disturbance and maintain its function. 115 10 w '61 j '_12 A: 2 12 2 CE 113 12 1 9 6 1A 2S 14 2 1 @ 1@ I'- . E 3' Ave z ESIC 10 12 '7 12 11 12 If It A A 30 1 16 21 10 4 L 1 (D 7 6A - 1 1, 7 .5 6 _V) E 38 ve STHAT !a C E@t 12- 18 17 x IA 0 24 0 _5 -Z-= dc 3 5 A 7 6 1 6 65A 24 - 70-t h -A've 0 26 21% 0 7 8 1 Ave T N ve 231 1 1 3 ;2@B SA 10 TTJL@ 6 4 1 F7 an th_'.Z@. < Dr TP. 27 26 _j 7 4 L 1 7 X 4 L S SAL M E I-st Crt 3 IX 21 2 3 20 12 15 22 @w 42 n d a, Z;wi 6<[-R N 0 S L 1:1 _4 9 " E 43r C1 U_ - - - Sj [a .0 83 4 w t0A TR 4, B-Y5L UJI V..' w ri'WO. NO. 78-267 NJ Z to L 2IF 32 If Ir- rP2 r r TP 2 QU, q 10 N. E @6tt 6 Crt E 4 7 th C rt TP B-3 TT@-' 6 6 Y' Y- J111F ILA- 10 0 _j rTrkTm I I r 3 > 30 31 13 13 X Wetland Cr? 27 A E. 4@ M Area of mmm Mitigation Interest I n de tification of Potential Wetland Mitigation Sites Within the Municipality of Anchorage WALDRON LAKE Prepared by: Resource Site No.: AX Site Name: WETLANDS TMOA Wetiand No.: 17 Analysts 7/88 Scale: 1 500' MUNICIPALITY OF ANCHORAGE POTENTIAL WETLAND MITIGATION SITE WETLAND SITE NO: A35 EVALUATION DATE: 6/30/88 WETLAND GEOGRAPHIC AREA: ANCHORAGE BOWL LOCATION NAME: TUDOR PARK PONDS MOA WETLAND PLAN-DESIGNATION (SEPT. 1987 REVISION): N/A MOA WETLAND MAP SHEET (1982 COVERAGE): A34 MOA AERIAL PHOTO: Date 1985 Number 8-15 WETLAND OWNERSHIP: MOA Public Private x ZONING: R-O SL (Residential-Office District with Special Limitations), B-3 (General and Strip Commercial Business District) WETLAND FUNCTIONS: X Groundwater Recharge/Discharge Flood Storage & Desynchronization Shoreline Anchoring/Erosion Control Sediment Trapping x Nutrient Retention & Removal Food Chain Support Fisheries Habitat Wildlife Habitat x Active Recreation x Passive Recreation & Heritage Value x WETLAND TYPE AND DESCRIPTION: Coastal (estuarine) Freshwater x Wetland is comprised of flooded gravel pits with minimal vegetative development along shoreline. Pit profile does not provide much shallow water area. Several islands are present. SOILS: The soils in the area are typically high to very high permeability alluvial sandy gravel deposits (Freethey, 1976). Depth to water table: at surface in lake and less than 10 ft adjacent to lake (Freethey, et al. 1974) Surface soil erodibility: N/A 116 EXISTING HABITAT AND VEGETATION: created wetland; lake margins are steep with minimal shallow water shelf for wetland development; shoreline vegetation is principally grasses FISH AND WILDLIFE USE: some use by ducks and geese for nesting; level of bird use unknown; ADF&G to stock Tudor Park ponds with rainbow trout in June 1988 HUMAN USE: waterfowl viewing, open space, ice skating, boating HYDROLOGY: Watershed: South Fork Chester Creek Location within watershed: off channel; not connected Water Balance Components: Mean annual precipitation: about 15 inches (Ott Water Engineers, 1979); greatest runoff in late spring and late summer Evapotranspiration: 10-20 inches (Zenone, 1976); greatest amounts in early summer (Glass, 1986 Tidal influence: none Stream channel inflow/outflow: none known Surface runoff inflow: receives minor input from local area Groundwater inflow/outflow: lake levels may be maintained by relatively high water table; needs to be verified Storage capacity: minor storage; minimal effect on creek flows downstream Water Quality Components: Wetland quality: probably minor water quality improvement capacity within site Pollutant sources: no pollution sources have.been identified INFORMATION: SUPPLEMENTAL 1"=100 feet MOA Map 1736 POTENTIAL MITIGATION ACTIONS: Restoration Enhancement X Acquisition possible enhancement of gravel pits to improve waterbird habitat; construction of shallow, sloping shoreline to encourage development of wetland vegetation; consider addition of more low-profile islands to provide undisturbed nesting locations; evaluate the need for additional water in the lakes and consider controlled use of peak flows from nearby Chester Creek which has been diverted through University Lake 117 . . ....... .. TR 8 17 CHEST@ C rRC4' Rol Arl@ 383 4131 dr 382 3A -B-3 @ -d,pl.' 7 rr? L I I IF 'R G1 TFr .'36 64' - TR C 2 T' MILITARY BOUNDARY BL,4,,' 4 Wetland V). Area of Mitigation Interest Identification of Potential Wetland Mitigation Sites Within the Municipality of Anchorage Prepared by: K PO TMOA Wetlan Analysts 7/88 Site No.: A35 Site Name: TUDOR PAR NDS d No.: N/A Resourc TFScale-W=500, MUNICIPALITY OF ANCHORAGE POTENTIAL WETLAND MITIGATION SITE WETLAND SITE NO: A36 EVALUATION DATE: 6/30/88 WETLAND GEOGRAPHIC AREA: ANCHORAGE BOWL LOCATION NAME: BAXTER BOG MOA WETLAND PLAN DESIGNATION (SEPT. 1987 REVISION): 44 MOA WETLAND MAP SHEET (1982 COVERAGE): A35 MOA AERIAL PHOTO: Date 1985 Number 9-19, 9-20 WETLAND OWNERSHIP: MOA x Public Private ZONING: R-1 (1 Family Residentia 1), R-2A (2 Family Residential Large Lot), R-2M (Multiple Family Residential), R-2M SL and R-3 SL (Multiple Family Residential with Special Limitations) WETLAND FUNCTIONS: Groundwater Recharge/Discharge x Flood Storage & Desynchronization x Shoreline Anchoring/Erosion Control Sediment Trapping x Nutrient Retention & Removal -X Food Chain Support Fisheries Habitat Wildlife Habitat x Active Recreation x Passive Recreation & Heritage Value x WETLAND TYPE AND DESCRIPTION: Coastal (estuarine) Freshwater x black spruce bog wetland with little open water development; high water table SOILS: The soils in the area are typically high to very high permeability alluvial sandy gravel deposits overlain by peat (Freethey, 1976). Depth to water table: probably at surface in pond and less than 10 ft adjacent to pond (Freethey, et al. 1974) Surface soil erodibility: N/A 118 EXISTING HABITAT AND VEGETATION: Basin bog is covered by open, low shrub/scrub and needleleaf woodland vegetation (Hogan and Tande, 1983). Baxter Lake located in the western portion of the wetland is a long, narrow bog lake. Drainage is north-northeast but has been interrupted by a sewerline extension and drainage ditches through the center of the area. The western half of the bog remains saturated, but the eastern half supports drier flora and the sphagnum/feathermoss peat is not saturated. FISH AND WILDLIFE USE: 37 species of birds have been observed in the bog area, and at least 17 of these were breeding in Baxter Bog. Species richness is greatest during the breeding season. Waterfowl use of the bog is greater in the vicinity of Baxter Lake where the open water attracts breeding and migrating birds. Common and conspicuous waterbirds include Canada geese, wigeon, pintail, bufflehead, mallard, green-winged teal, least sandpiper, and common snipe. Baxter Bog has shown some of the highest bird species diversity of wetlands studied in the Anchorage Bowl. HUMAN USE: wildlife viewing, open space, cross country skiing, hiking HYDROLOGY: Watershed: South Fork Chester Creek Location within watershed: tributary basin Water Balance Components: Mean annual precipitation: about 15 inches (Ott Water Engineers, 1979); greatest runoff in late spring and late summer Evapotranspiration: 10-20 inches (Zenone, 1976); greatest amounts in early summer (Glass, 1986b) Tidal influence: none Stream channel inflow/outflow: none known Surface runoff inflow: receives input from moderate drainage area Groundwater inflow/outflow: groundwater flow from east to west (Dearborn and Freethey, 1974); may have net groundwater inflow to the wetland Storage capacity: moderate to large storage; moderate effect on creek flows downstream Water Quality Components: Wetland quality: probably high water quality improvement capacity within site Pollutant sources: local adjacent development may introduce sediments and other pollutants - 119 SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION: Baxter Bog is surrounded by residential development; filled areas extend into the wetland on the east, south, and west sides. 1"=100 feet MOA Map 1639 POTENTIAL MITIGATION ACTIONS: Restoration X Enhancement X Acquisition evaluate potential for expansion of open water/emergent zone to south; examine possibility of removing fill along west side of bog (see MOA Chester Creek 10 permit file) Much of bog area is currently homogeneous and of low value to wildlife since it provides little or no open water wetland habitat. 120 4: ........ ... . ..... TF 4R- ........... .. ... .. . . A.0 . 14 ....... ............. ..... . ........ . . ............. ........... . ... ....... PLI BAXTER SCIAOOL SIIE A.0. - 85 x 5 TR A@ TR a J 0 1@ A 1 !110 S .. XX-X IA PLI J@6 /6 4 ........ .... ........ R-2 6 A . ... . . .. ..... .. . ........... .... . ... .. . 16C L 15 iL E 3 1 h :A -4 . . ....... 7 29 ...... ..... 2 8, ..... ..... 24 ............... . .. . 941 26, 2 7 8 - :: ** , @:x' @ -, -, A 9-4 0 open 14 wetwe ME R-2A VILLA r t 10@ HAMPTON D-r@, -4, \2 52 46 7,p L,@\- Colurt 40 4 TP T p";I 27 Is, . . . . . ....... -R5?1 6RC Y t 21 25 E 4" -21 p 2 -A 4AJ U12A Weiland 1A 1 4 t rp .4. mmi Are's of ro m m Mitigation Interest Identification of Potential Wetland Mitigation Sites Within the Municipality of Anchorage I Prepared by: Resou;;w -o;-,vj ROG -7MOA Weiland No.; 44 _I Analysts 7108 , . 7Scale: 111=f MUNICIPALITY OF ANCHORA&E, POTENTIAL-WETLAND MITIGATION SITE WETLAND SITE NO: A37 EVALUATION DATE: 6/30/8T WETLAND GEOGRAPHIC AREA: ANCHORAGE BOWL LOCATION NAME: SITKA STREET PARK MOA WETLAND PLAN DESIGNATION (SEPT. 1987 REVISION): 15 MOA WETLAND MAP SHEET (1982 COVERAGE): A21 MOA AERIAL PHOTO: Date 1985 Number 7-171, 7-18 WETLAND OWNERSHIP: MOA x Public Private SITE SPECIFIC WETLANDS STUDIES: The North Fork Chester Creek originating/culverted under the closed Merrill Field Landfill is currently under study-by Montgomery Engineers. ZONING: PLI (Public Lands and Institutions), R-3 (Multiple Family Residential District) WETLAND FUNCTIONS: Groundwater Recharge/Discharge x Flood Storage & Desynchronization x Shoreline.Anchoring/Erosion Control Sediment Trapping x Nutrient Retention & Removal x Food Chain Support Fisheries Habitat x Wildlife Habitat x Active Recreation Passive Recreation & Heritage Value x WETLAND TYPE AND DESCRIPTION: Coastal (estuarine) Freshwater North Fork Chester Creek currently flows through a ditch adjacent to Sitka Street from DeBarr to Chester Creek; proposal is to relocate flow from ditch and meander through preservation wetlands located to the west SOILS: The soils in the area are typically high to very high permeability alluvial sandy gravel deposits (Freethey, 1976). Underlying this layer is a low permeability layer of silty clay or gravelly sand and silt (Nelson, 1982). 121 Depth to water table: less than 10 ft below surface (Still and Brunett, 1987; Freethey, et al. 1974) Surface soil erodibility: N/A EXISTING HABITAT AND VEGETATION: Wetland west of current alignment of North Fork Chester Creek is open black spruce with limited open water and emergent vegetation. FISH AND WILDLIFE USE: Warm water emanating from closed Merrill Field landfill provides open water throughout the winter for ducks. Dolly Varden up to 12 inches have been observed in the channelized area of the North Fork Chester Creek. ADF&G will be stocking main Chester Creek with rainbow trout for the first time during 1988. HUMAN USE: wildlife viewing, open space HYDROLOGY: Watershed: North Fork Chester Creek/Chester Creek Location within watershed: originally adjacent to North Fork Chester Creek but now a tributary basin to Chester Creek Water Balance Components: Mean annual precipitation: about 15 inches (Ott Water Engineers, 1979); greatest runoff in late spring and late summer Evapotranspiration: 10-20 inches (Zenone, 1976); greatest amounts in early summer (Glass, 1986b) Tidal influence: none Stream channel inflow/outflow: none known; may have outlet channel where old North Fork used to be Surface runoff inflow: wetland currently receives input from minor drainage area immediately adjacent to the site Groundwater inflow/outflow: may have net groundwater outflow from the wetland Storage capacity: moderate storage; minor effect on creek flows downstream Water Quality Components: Wetland quality: probably moderate water quality improvement capacity within site Pollutant sources: local adjacent development may introduce sediments and other pollutants Comments: North Fork Chester Creek formerly flowed through wetland to the west of current stream alignment; channel is presently in a large culvert under the landfill. 122 SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION: Sitka Steet Park located west of North Fork Chester Creek alignment in wetland; MOA snow dump site located east Sitka Street and south of DeBarr Road I"=100 feet MOA Map 1433 POTENTIAL MITIGATION ACTIONS: Restoration x Enhancement x Acquisition restore flow of North Fork Chester Creek through MOA Preservation Wetlands west of Sitka Street; evaluate engineering feasibility of relocating creek from ditch adjacent to Sitka Street into wetland, possibly south of the higher elevation habitat located west of Sitka Street/DeBarr intersection; stream course could be meandered with interconnected open water ponds to take advantage of warm water for winter habitat for ducks; would require investigation of elevations of channel bed and wetland to see if the creek could be routed through the area 123 < 7 14 1(5 D @7 44 Ave 50 -7 12 46 45 127 2 4 1 47 T 6 Ave h R 12 TR 2 49 1 12 74 :% @7 06' A, e A@T '0' E2 f R6 57 1 R6 P6 Ave TIP /0 FR 9 53 C L- @7 6 th Ave- PLI E 13 th Ave U- 0 21 E (F @w - - 5A 6A M 7 5 th Ave t21 2 1 13 TP 7 I-L- 1A 2 3D 5 6 7 7 6 A. 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X rR 8/-)3 rp PLI TRACF F-2 Wetland NO Area of m Mitigation Interest 2 PL-1 fl 5 PA6 A 12U[ X7 E7 I M rC", r14 Identification of Potential Wetland Mitigation Sites Within the Municipality of Anchorage Prepared by: ResouWe Site No.: A37 -TSIte Name: SITKA STREET PARK @ MOA Wetland No.: 15 Analysts 7188 Scale: V= 5001 MUNICIPALITY OF ANCHORAGE POTENTIAL WETLAND MITIGATION SITE WETLAND SITE NO: A38 EVALUATION DATE: 6/30/88 WETLAND GEOGRAPHIC AREA: ANCHORAGE BOWL LOCATION NAME: LAKE OTIS PARKWAY / DEBARR ROAD WETLAND MOA WETLAND PLAN DESIGNATION (SEPT. 1987 REVISION): 15 MOA WETLAND MAP SHEET (1982 COVERAGE): A21 MOA AERIAL PHOTO: Date 1985 Number 7-17, 7-18 WETLAND OWNERSHIP: MOA X Public Private SITE SPECIFIC WETLAND STUDIES: 1988 snowdump expansion site ZONING: PLI WETLAND FUNCTIONS: Groundwater Recharge/Discharge X Flood Storage & Desynchronization X Shoreline Anchoring/Erosion Control Sediment Trapping X Nutrient Retention & Removal Food Chain Support Fisheries Habitat Wildlife Habitat X Active Recreation Passive Recreation & Heritage Value X WETLAND TYPE AND DESCRIPTION: Coastal (estuarine) Freshwater X open black spruce wetland southwest of Lake Otis Parkway/DeBarr Road intersection; high water table but no well developed open water habitat SOILS: The soils in the area are typically high to very high permeability alluvial sandy gravel deposits (Freethey, 1976). Underlying this layer is a low permeability layer of silty clay or gravelly sand and silt (Nelson, 1982). Depth to water table: probably less than 10 ft below surface (Still and Brunett, 1987; Freethey et al. 1974) Surface soil erodibility: N/A _ 124 - EXISTING HABITAT AND VEGETATION: small area of black spruce wetland; Lake Otis Parkway and DeBarr Road on two sides, MOA snow disposal site downslope to the west FISH AND WILDLIFE USE: limited waterbird use in spring when breakup occurs- HUMAN USE: wildlife viewing, open space HYDROLOGY: Watershed: North For k Chester Creek Location within watershed: originally adjacent to North Fork Chester Creek but now a tributary basin, upbasin from a snow disposal site Water Balance Components: Mean annual precipitation: about 15 inches (Ott Water Engineers, 1979); greatest runoff in late spring and late summer Evapotranspiration: 10-20 inches (Zenone, 1976); greatest amounts in early summer (Glass, 1986b) Tidal influence: none Stream channel inflow/outflow: none known; may have outlet channel through the snow disposal site Surface runoff inflow: wetland receives input from very minor drainage area immediately adjacent to the site Groundwater inflow/outflow: may have net groundwater outflow from the wetland Storage capacity: minor storage; minor effect on creek flows downstream, Water Quality Components: Wetland quality: probably minor water quality improvement capacity within site Pollutant sources: local adjacent roads and development, including the snow disposal site, may introduce sediments and other pollutants Comments: North Fork Chester Creek used to run very near this small pond, crossing 15th just west of the intersection with Lake Otis Parkway_,. SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION: 1"=100 feet MOA Map 1433 125 POTENTIAL MITIGATION ACTIONS: Restoration Enhancement X Acquisition At the present time, approximately one-half of the wetlands at this site are proposed for expansion of the existing snow dump site; within the wetlands which will be undisturbed, create swales and shallow depressions to provide open water habitat which may attract waterfowl. 126 616.39 F4 S 4' S 670.00 Nlft-Mftfi'@0.04 .54'18" W 1321.17 O.O.W.L. 670. _ (8 1320.53 Ch. 617.28-19AW 121 3.00 95.09 4- 0 20 3,00 11.00 26.00 19 S 0 @5"E a -- 0 0 3;010-1 9@. 02 6 67; P@ lb $0 TR 14 v 6@0 0 0 . M -I 14 2 10 20 0 z % 10 CA to' "I C? .24- "49 16 65 C4 (v .,-/, TR 16 6 ;3 5"3 0, 0 76 0 'E T= 4d.-OOO R-w 10 81052'00'- L=7r@45 Z5,52-w 77 0.0( .94 S 5 Ita w ;0 10 z 5 18 50 t "p, y 0 20-36 150 $0. 00 /0. 78 s96'2",, 10 58 90 o l(n Or 46 01 .@U 1 -9 0; v 80 5 TP .513 TR 13 CO Wetiand 81 8.7 12- " 113.0 15,56@ :.35 24.61 82 NtJ9-Z4 0'E 13Z67 0 E 91-4- 11 Z@ Area of 82 m m m Mitigation Interest V2 TR /0 7r A4 '5'00 ?6po .0 4 T5'@ 71 7 Identification of Potential Wetland Mitigation Sites Within the Municipality of Anchorage Prepared by: Resou Site Name: DEBARR RD. WETLAND Analysis 7/88 Site No.: A38 LAKE OTIS PARKWAY S I MOA Wetland No.: 15 =Scale. 11,=100, MUNICIPALITY OF ANCHORAGE POTENTIAL WETLAND MITIGATION SITE WETLAND SITE NO: A39 EVALUATION DATE: 6/30MT- WETLAND GEOGRAPHIC AREA: ANCHORAGE BOWL LOCATION NAME: PINE VALLEY MOA WETLAND PLAN DESIGNATION (SEPT. 1987 REVISION): 46 MOA WETLAND MAP SHEET (1982 COVERAGE): A23 MOA AERIAL PHOTO: Date 1985 Number 9-.20, 9-21 WETLAND OWNERSHIP: MOA Public Private X ZONING: area of interest is primarily PLI WETLAND FUNCTIONS: Groundwater Recharge/Discharge X Flood Storage & Desynchronization X Shoreline Anchoring/Erosion Control Sediment Trapping X Nutrient Retention & Removal X Food Chain Support X Fisheries Habitat Wildlife Habitat X Active Recreation X Passive Recreation & Heritage Value X WETLAND TYPE AND DESCRIPTION: Coastal (estuarine) Freshwater X open sedge and cottongrass meadow with limited open water in west portion of site, drier conditions to south toward Northern Lights Blvd; small site outflow across extension of Pine Street right-of-way into Middle Fork Chester Creek SOILS: The soils in the area are typically high to very high permeability alluvial sandy gravel deposits overlain by peat (Freethey, 1976). Depth to water table: less than 10 ft (Freethey, et al. 1974) Surface soil erodibility: N/A 127 EXISTING HABITAT AND VEGETATION: emergent,sedge and cottongrass community along margins of open water areas and in wetter portions of the site; open water and shallow flooded areas have soft bottoms of organic debris FISH AND WILDLIFE USE: Dolly Varden, sculpins, rearing habitat for juvenile coho salmon in Middle Fork Chester Creek (wetland outflow to stream); limited local fishery for Dolly Varden; waterfowl nesting and feeding HUMAN USE: wildlife viewing, open space, hiking, cross country skiing HYDROLOGY: Watershed: Middle Fork Chester Creek Location within watershed: tributary basin Water Balance Components: Mean annual precipitation: about 15 inches (Ott Water Engineers, 1979); greatest runoff in late spring and late summer Evapotranspiration: 10-20 inches (Zenone, 1976); greatest amounts in early summer (Glass, 1986b) Tidal influence: none Stream channel inflow/outflow: no inlet known; outlet partly blocked by fill Surface runoff inflow: wetland receives input from minor drainage area immediately adjacent to the site Groundwater inflow/outflow: may have net groundwater inflow to the wetland Storage capacity: moderate storage; minor effect on creek flows downstream Water Quality Components: Wetland quality: probably moderate water quality improvement capacity within site Pollutant sources: local adjacent roads and development, including Northern Lights, may introduce sediments and other pollutants SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION: 1"=100 feet MOA Map 1536 POTENTIAL MITIGATION ACTIONS: Restoration Enhancement X Acquisition X This wetland is recommended for acquisition. Expansion of open water habitats within wet-land could significantly enhance values for waterbirds. - 128 evaluate potential for control structure along Pine Street right-of-way to provide slight increase in water level within wetland by increasing outlet elevation; attention should be given to effect of such action on existing residential area east of Pine Street; identified by MOA for acquisition in USFWS Wetlands Concept Plan 129 Y, 9 10 ...... OP- . ......... Z. -. - -- .." ........... 9@ ............. amm.: .......... ............. ... ........ .. .. ......... ...... .. .......... ........... -F y ........... 2 .......... .. Owv ... .A ...... .......... ... .......... ;.. ::::::* .............. . ............... ............ R-2hl ........... ............. 28 ....... 25 26 27 ... .............. L4 .......... ...................... rq f 40 39 38 1: ................ .. ............... .. ..... 22nd . ........... ................... 41 42 43 44 A V" E 26t LE ...... ..... .. .......... ..... w 05A ..... CD 56 55 ...... .............. 0 . ............ 58 L+ 57 57B S" jPAW TR 16 T9 TR /8-/ 2A 1C I 3C 18-2C BRYN R Ct -6 7 4A 4A 14 5 51 19 U)-. B-2 18-28 24 11 r, 14 8 A 6 TH 12 Wetland 13 3@ 21 Cr 13 Areaof TR 2 f7 m m m Mitigation Interest e%- Identification of Potential Wetland Mitigation Sites Within the Municipality of Anchorage Prepared by: F -TSIte Name: PINE VALLEY MOA Wetland N Analysts 7/88 Site No.: A39 0.: 46 lesou; 7e @Scaie. vl=qnn, MUNICIPALITY OF ANCHORAGE POTENTIAL WETLAND MITIGATION SITE WETLAND SITE NO: El EVALUATION DATE: -6730/88 WETLAND GEOGRAPHIC AREA: EAGLE RIVER TO EKLUTNA LOCATION NAME: UPPER FIRE LAKE MOA WETLAND PLAN DESIGNATION (SEPT. 1987 REVISION) 100 MOA WETLAND MAP SHEET (1982 COVERAGE): E47 MOA AERIAL PHOTO: Date N/A Number N/A WETLAND OWNERSHIP: MOA Public Private X ZONING: unknown WETLAND FUNCTIONS: Groundwater Recharge/Discharge X Flood Storage & Desynchronization X Shoreline Anchoring/Erosion Control x Sediment Trapping X Nutrient Retention &.Removal Food Chain Support Fisheries Habitat X Wildlife Habitat x Active Recreation Passive Recreation & Heritage Value X WETLAND TYPE AND DESCRIPTION: Coastal (estuarine) Freshwater x riparian wetlands along inlet stream to Upper Fire Lake; moderately open to forested wetland with few open water areas SOILS: the soils in the area are typically high permeability alluvial deposits underlain by bedrock (Brunett and Lee, 1983) Depth to water table: partly at surface and partly with seasonal high water table 1 ft or less below surface (Brunett and Lee, 1983) Surface soil erodibility: N/A EXISTING HABITAT AND VEGETATION: unknown 130 FISH AND WILDLIFE USE: moose winter habitat HUMAN USE: wildlife viewing, open space HYDROLOGY: Watershed: Fire Creek Location within watershed: on and adjacent to stream upstream of Upper Fire Lake Water Balance Components: Mean annual precipitation: about 19 inches (Ott Water Engineers, 1979); greatest runoff in late spring and late summer Evapotranspiration: 10-20 inches (Zenone, 1976); greatest amounts in early summer (Glass, 1986) Tidal influence: none Stream channel inflow/outflow: Fire Creek flows through wetland, possibly contributing a net inflow to the wetland Surface runoff inflow: wetland receives input from moderate drainage area to the southeast on the mountainside immediately adjacent to the site Groundwater inflow/outflow: probably little net groundwater interchange due to near surface bedrock Storage capacity: moderate storage; minor effect on creek flows downstream Water Quality Components: Wetland quality: probably moderate water quality improvement capacity within site Pollutant sources: local adjacent roads and development may introduce sediments and other pollutants SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION: existing fill in wetland between Fire Creek and the Old Glenn Highway being removed POTENTIAL MITIGATION ACTIONS: Restoration X Enhancement Acquisition reported that fill is being removed from the wetland; however, site specific restoration actions will likely be needed to re-establish wetland function; specific actions to be evaluated follow initial removal of the fill; important to maintain creek setback, stabilize the fill which is not removed to minimize erosion and sedimentation of the stream 131 ,009=A:918as 881L SISAILuv OM :'ON PURIM VOW 3)IVI :GWON ails 13 :'ON MIS aoinosaU:Aq 1 1 1 3bll:l W3ddn T . ar)ejoLlouV jo AillyadmunW aLp uiLIIIM sells UOIIYBBII!W Puyallem J,!j, B U010d 10 U01.18-3.11RUOPI '@7 Sajg,Ul UO,Zer)lll ot.@ W jo eajVI tv Puellem t ;A + 41%@ "U T+t 7-@-T �r Iee@ Ik ............ CIO P008 j4Y MUNICIPALITY OF ANCHORAGE POTENTIAL WETLAND MITIGATION SITE WETLAND SITE NO: E2 EVALUATION DATE: 6/30/88 WETLAND GEOGRAPHIC AREA:- EAGLE RIVER TO EKLUTNA LOCATION NAME: FIRE CREEK DELTA MOA WETLAND PLAN DESIGNATION (SEPT. 1987 REVISION): N/A MOA WETLAND MAP SHEET (1982 COVERAGE): E31 MOA AERIAL PHOTO: Date N/A Number N/A WETLAND OWNERSHIP: MOA X Public Private ZONING: unknown WETLAND FUNCTIONS: Groundwater Recharge/Discharge X Flood Storage & Desynchronization X Shoreline Anchoring/Erosion Control X Sediment Trapping X Nutrient Retention & Removal Food Chain Support Fisheries Habitat X Wildlife Habitat -X Active Recreation X Passive Recreation & Heritage Value X WETLAND TYPE AND DESCRIPTION: Coastal (estuarine) X Freshwater esturarine wetlands associated with delta of Fire Creek where it empties into Cook Inlet; area is comprised of homogeneous sedge (Carex) community with interspersed open water areas; majority of areas appears to be on silt plateau above the elevation of active tide zone; hydrologic connection of existing open water areas with Fire Creek is unknown SOILS: the soils in the area are typically extremely low permeability tidal silt deposits (Brunett and Lee, 1983) Depth to water table: saturated at surface (Brunett and Lee, 1983) Surface soil erodibility: high 132 EXISTING HABITAT AND VEGETATION: homogeneous carex over silt plateau above active tide zone; broad delta of Fire Creek in fan shape between upland bluffs FISH AND WILDLIFE-USE: use by ducks, geese, and shorebirds for feeding and resting; status of,nesting waterbird is unknown HUMAN USE: wildlife viewing, hunting HYDROLOGY: Watershed: Fire Creek Location within watershed: on and adjacent to stream mouth/estuary Water Balance Components: Mean annual precipitation: about 15 inches (Ott Water Engineers, 1979); greatest runoff in late spring and late summer Evapotranspiration: 10-20 inches (Zenone, 1976); greatest amounts in early summer (Glass, 1986) Tidal influence: probably flooded during most flood tides Stream channel inflow/outflow: Fire Creek flows through wetland; may flow overbank due to backwater during high tides, possibly contributing a net freshwater inflow to the wetland Surface runoff inflow: wetland receives input from moderate drainage area to the southeast on the slope immediately adjacent to the site Groundwater inflow/outflow: probably little net groundwater interchange Storage capacity: moderate storage; negligable effect on creek flows downstream Water Quality Components: Wetland quality: probably minor water quality improvement capacity within site Pollutant sources: none identified SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION: none POTENTIAL MITIGATION ACTIONS: Restoration Enhancement X Acquisition evaluate possible winter work to construct channels from creek to excavated and/or natural depressions in silt plateau; purpose is to create tidally-influenced open water areas connected to Fire Creek; area of interest will likely be at upper limit of unvegetated tide flats to minimize degradation silt deposition; principal area of enhancement interest is north of Fire Creek - 133 r 4@/ .............. ..X .... ....... T ;Y' @kx x XX R4, /rev ....... ... "7f %of ........... X. 7"! Zo . . ....... . . .......... -;A 11-0 .. ........ . . it X, 41 'Z ...... 1.. .47 ---- . . . ... . x N.: . ...... .......... 4@ 4,on-, .7o' .... ...... .. .... ........ ........... ...... . jet'. ........... ........... 'tw. Weiland A o f rea m Mitigation Interest Identification of Potential Wetland Mitigation Sites Within the Municipality of Anchorage Site Name: DELTA - _T MOA Wetland No.: N/A Prepared by: Res@u@ FScale: 1 FIRE CREEK Analysts 7/88 MUNICIPALITY OF ANCHORAGE POTENTIAL WETLAND MITIGATION SITE WETLAND SITE NO: E3 EVALUATION DATE: 6/30/88 WETLAND GEOGRAPHIC AREA: EAGLE RIVER TO EKLUTNA LOCATION NAME: NORTH EKLUTNA FLATS (OLD TOWERS AREA) MOA WETLAND PLAN DESIGNATION (SEPT. 1987 REVISION): N/A MOA WETLAND MAP SHEET (1982 COVERAGE): E6 MOA AERIAL PHOTO: Date N/A Number N/A WETLAND OWNERSHIP: MOA Public Private X ZONING: P WETLAND FUNCTIONS: Groundwater Recharge/Discharge X Flood Storage & Desynchronization X Shoreline Anchoring/Erosion Control X Sediment Trapping X Nutrient Retention & Removal Food Chain Support Fisheries Habitat Wildlife Habitat X Active Recreation X Passive Recreation & Heritage Value X WETLAND TYPE AND DESCRIPTION: Coastal (estuarine) X Freshwater tidally-influenced wetlands north of Glenn Highway in vicinity of old towers; area exhibits evidence of drier environment since low shrub community is developing; possibly related to confinement of freshwater input from the south to defined drainages under ARR and Glenn Highway rather than sheet flow; tidal guts present, but overall influence of estuarine waters is minimal SOILS: the soils in the area are typically extremely low permeability tidal silt deposits (Brunett and Lee, 1983); Depth to water.table: saturated at surface (Brunett and Lee, 1983) Surface soil erodibility: high 134 EXISTING HABITAT AND VEGETATION: very limited open water habitats, primarily associated with tidal guts; alder/willow shrub community developing with drier site groundcover plants FISH AND WILDLIFE USE: limited waterbird use restricted to open water areas or standing water areas shortly after breakup;,possibly some feeding and resting by waterbirds during migration; occasional moose use of the area HUMAN USE: wildlife viewing, wild flower collection (wild iris) HYDROLOGY: Watershed: unnamed local drainages Location within watershed: near stream mouth/estuary Water Balance Components: Mean annual precipitation: about 15 inches (Ott Water Engineers, 1979); greatest runoff in late spring and late summer Evapotranspiration: 10-20 inches (Zenone, 1976); greatest amounts in early summer (Glass, 1986). Tidal influence: may be flooded during some flood tides; need to verify elevation with respect to tides Stream channel inflow/outflow: possible small drainages through or near sites; may flow overbank due to backwater during high tides, possibly contributing a net freshwater inflow to the wetland Surface runoff inflow: wetland receives input from very small local drainage areas immediately adjacent to the site Groundwater inflow/outflow: probably little net groundwater interchange Storage capacity: moderate storage; negligable effect on creek flows downstream Water Quality Components: Wetland quality: probably minor water quality improvement capacity within site Pollutant sources: Glenn Highway may introduce sediments and other pollutants SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION: 1"=100 feet MOA Map NE2102 135 POTENTIAL MITIGATION ACTIONS: Restoration . Enhancement X Acquisition evaluate if water table and/or surface water availability would support open water wetland in excavated depressions; winter construction could be considered, with both isolated and tidally-connected wetlands considered; intent is to create open water habitats which would encourage nesting by waterbirds; since rearing coho salmon are known to utilize nearby wetland areas impounded by the Glenn Highway or ARR, development of salmonid rearing habitat should also be evaluated 136 ................................ .... ..................... ...I ............ ............ .... ............ .......... . ... ....... ...... .... X, ......... ................ .................... W .................. .................. ............ ............... .... ...................... .... ........... ....................................... .................................. ................ ................. .................. ................ ..................... ...... ......... ............................ .... ............. ................... .... ....... ..................... ......... ... @01-15 EKLUTNA:.'.'..'.'.'.*." ...... ........ ........ .... ............... ................... .... ............... ..................... ..... TOWER SITE ....................... ................ ... ........................... ................ ................................... ................ r ................... ....................... .................... ............. ........................ ............ .......... .... ..... ...... ............. .. ... ....... .............. ........... ..... ........ ................... ............... . .................X .......... ........... ............. "X IX".,*,****,.***",.* ................. ... . ... ................. .... . ........... ......... ....... .... ....... ............ ....... ..................... ............. ................................. X ...... ........... . ... ........ .... ...... ...... ....... ..... ................ :::::::: .............. ...... ................... ..... ...... . .............. ........... .................. ..... .......... ................ ..................... .....x ................. .... .. ...... ...... ............ x. n Gien ............. ............... ..... ............. .... ............. ....... ................ ..... ........... I.. ...... ... X.... ............. .. - ............. ....... ............. ........ ............. ......... ...... ........ ............. ......... ... ...... ......... ............. ....................... ..................... :., .................... ............... X. 09 Ike" t ............ .......... .......... R-7 Wetland Area of ti gation Interest Identification of Potential Wetland Mitigation Sites Within the Municipality of Anchorage NORTH EKLUTNA FLATS I Prepared by: Resource Site No.: E3 Site Name: (Old Towers Area) MOA Wetland No.: N/A Analysts 7/88 Scale: I"=100'--, MUNICIPALITY OF ANCHORAGE POTENTIAL WETLAND MITIGATION SITE WETLAND SITE NO: E4 EVALUATION DATE: 6/30/88_ WETLAND GEOGRAPHIC AREA: EAGLE RIVER TO EKLUTNA LOCATION NAME: WETLAND 131A NORTH OF EKLUTNA MOA WETLAND PLAN DESIGNATION (SEPT 1987 REVISION): 131A MOA WETLAND MAP SHEET (1982 COVERAGE): E3 - E6 MOA AERIAL PHOTO: Date N/A Number N/A WETLAND OWNERSHIP: MOA Public X Private X ZONING: P WETLAND FUNCTIONS: Groundwater Recharge/Discharge X Flood Storage & Desynchronization X Shoreline Anchoring/Erosion Control X Sediment Trapping X Nutrient Retention & Removal X Food Chain Support X Fisheries Habitat X Wildlife Habitat X Active Recreation Passive Recreation & Heritage Value X WETLAND TYPE AND DESCRIPTION: Coastal (estuarine) X Freshwater X both estuarine and freshwater wetlands are present upslope of the Glenn Highway and the ARR embankment as a result of impeded or impounded freshwate runoff from the slopes to the south; includes extensive open water areas and shallows with good development of emergent aquatic vegetation; standing dead trees in some portions attest to the occurrence of a "created" or enhanced wetland SOILS: the soils in the area are typically extremely low permeability tidal silt deposits (Brunett and Lee, 1983); Depth to water table: saturated at surface (Brunett and Lee, 1983) Surface soil erodibility: high 137 EXISTING HABITAT AND VEGETATION: open water wetlands upslope of the Glenn Highway and ARR embankment FISH AND WILDLIFE USE: rearing habitat for coho salmon; nesting and feeding areas for waterbirds; summer and winter feeding area for small number of moose HUMAN USE: wildlife viewing, hiking HYDROLOGY: Watershed: unnamed local drainages Location within watershed: just upstream from stream mouth/estuary Water Balance Components: Mean annual precipitation: about 15 inches (Ott Water Engineers, 1979); greatest runoff in late spring and late summer Evapotranspiration: 10-20 inches (Zenone, 1976); greatest amounts in early summer (Glass, 1986) Tidal influence: may be flooded during extremely high flood tides; need to verify elevation with respect to tides Stream channel inflow/outflow: small drainages through or near sites, probably contributing a net freshwater inflow to the wetland Surface runoff inflow: wetlan'd receives input from moderate drainage areas on mountainside immediately adjacent to the site Groundwater inflow/outflow: probably minor net groundwater outflow from the wetland Storage capacity: moderate storage; negligible effect on creek flows downstream Water Quality Components: Wetland quality: probably minor water quality improvement capacity within site Pollutant sources: Glenn Highway and railroad may introduce sediments and other pollutants SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION: 1"=100 feet MOA Maps NE2002, NE2102-2103, NE2105, NE2205 POTENTIAL MITIGATION ACTIONS: Restoration Enhancement X Acquisition evaluate opportunities for development of additional wetlands through impoundment or water control structures on the upslope side of the ARR and the Glenn Highway; open water would provide - 138 waterbird habitat and potentially rearing for coho salmon (provided there was acceptable ingress/egress for the fry and smolts); since the current wetland areas appear to be functioning well, it would seem that adequate freshwater inflow should not be a problem; potential limitations and pro@lems include multiple landowners and managers, engineering concerns of impounded water and roadway embankments 139 x, . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . t-X X ........... A X ........... ............. @N .......... ............ ........... ........... ............ ......... .. .......... .......... ......... ... .............. ......... ... ........... . .......... ........... .......... .. .......... . . . . . . . ............. ............ x;6 Wetland m M Area of ....... @@m Mitigation Interest ............... . A .......... .,-AWL Identi fication of Potential Wetland Mitigation Sites Within the Municipality of Anchorage WETLAND 131 A Prepared by: ResouWe-T Site No.: E4 Site Name: N. OF EKLUTNA -FMOA Wetiand No.: 131A Analysts 7/88 Scale: 10= 13501 APPENDIX A LIST OF INDIVIDUALS AND AGENCIES CONTACTED FOR POTENTIAL WETLAND MITIGATION SITE INFORMATION Name Organization Phone Phil Brna ADF&G, Habitat Division 267-2278 Rick Sinnott ADF&G, Habitat Division 267-2446 Michelle Meier Anchorage Creeks Cleanup 786-8466 Tom Rothe ADF&G, Game Division 344-0541 Dan Rosenberg ADF&G, Game Division 267-2206 Mimi Hogan U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service 786-3450 Tim Rumfelt ADEC 563-6529 Lance Powell Anchorage Creeks Cleanup 263-5245 John Bridges U.S. Army Corps of Engineers 753-2712 Van Waggoner Bureau of Land Management 267-1226 Mack Wheeler Bureau of Land Management 267-1232 Brian Anderson U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service 271-2888 Rob Lipkin Environmental Protection Agency 271-5083 Mike Joyce Public 345-6030 Robin Senner Audubon Society 345-5891 Roy Dudley Heritage Land Bank 343-4333 Sally Rue Public 277-6109 Ann Rothe National Wildlife Federation 694-9068 Don McKay ADF&G, Habitat Division 267-2279 Bob Disotell Public 276-4244 Larry Rundquist Public 279-7395 Jim Hemming Dames & Moore 562-3366 Barb Johnson Ak. Center for the Environment 274-3621 140 APPENDIX A (continued) Name Organization Phone Sandra Cosentino Audubon Society 276-7034 Jan Pohl Ak. Center for the Environment 274-3621 Maureen McCrae Anchorage Waterways Council 261-4630 Debbie Clausen ADF&G, Habitat Division 267-2330 Christopher Estes Public 267-2412 Jerry Wickstrom Public 337-3828 Laura Ogar MOA, Health Department 343-4200 Alyse Huggins Public 562-2514 Tim Potter Dowl Engineers 562-2000 Paul Carr Carr Gottstein Properties 564-2424 Brett Jokela Montgomery Engineers 561-5829 Gary Stackhouse U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service 271-2888 Glenn Seaman ADF&G, Habitat Division 267-2331 Meredith Sandler Ott Water Engineers 562-2514 Gary Wall ADF&G, FRED Division 428-1348 141 APPENDIX B REFERENCES Brabets, T.P. 1987., Quantity and quality of urban runoff from the Chester Creek basin Anchorage, Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey Water Resources Investigations 86-4312, 58 pp. Brunett, J. and M. Lee. 1983. Hydrogeology for land-use planning: the Peters Creek area, Municipality of Anchorage, Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey Water Resources Investigations 82-4120, 6 sheets. Dearborn L.L. and G.W. Freethey. 1974. Water-table contour map Anchorge area, Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 1974, 1 sheet. Emanuel R.P. and D.J. Cowing. 1982. Hydrogeology for land-use planning: the Potter Creek area, Anchorage, Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey Water Resources Investigations Open-File Report 82-86. 4 sheets. Ford, J. and B.L. Bedford. 1981. The hydrology of Alaskan wetlands, U.S.A.: a review. Arctic and Alpine Research, Vol. 19, No. 3, pp. 209-229. Freethey, G.W. 1976. Relative permeability of surficial geologic materials, Anchorage and vicinity, Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Investigations Series Folio I-787-F, 1 sheet. Freethey, G.W., J.W. Reeder, and W.W. Barnwell. 1974. Map showing depth to water, Anchorage area, Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 1974, 1 sheet. Glass, R.L. 1986a. Hydrologic conditions in Connors Bog area, Anchorage, Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey Water Resources Investigations 86-4044, 23 pp. Glass, R.L. 1986b. Hydrologic conditions in the Klatt Bog area, Anchorage, Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey Water Resources Investigations 85-4330, 19 pp. Glass, R.L. and T.P. Brabets. 1988. Summary of water resources data for the Girdwood-Alyeska area, Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 87-678, 24 pp. Hogan, M. and G.F. Tande. 1982. Anchorage wetlands study special report on Connors Bogand Klatt Bog. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Special Studies. Anchorage, Ak. 76 pp. Hogan, M. and G.F. Tande. 1983. Vegetation types and bird use of Anchorage wetlands. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Serve, Special Studies. Anchorage, Ak. 134 pp. 142 APPENDIX B (continued) Municipality of Anchorage. 1980. Anchorage coastal resource atlas, Volume 1:. the Anchorage Bowl. Planning Department, Physical Planning Division. Anchorage, Ak. Municipality of Anchorage. 1983. Anchorage wetlands management plan. Prepared by Community Planning Department, Anchorage, Ak. Municipality of Anchorage. 1987. Draft revised Anchorage wetlands management plan. Prepared by Community Planning Department, Anchorage, Ak. Nelson, G.L. 1982. Vertical movement of ground water under the Merrill Field landfill, Anchorage, Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 82-1016, 24 pp. Ott Water Engineers, Inc. 1 979. Water resources atlas. Prepared for USDA Forest Service, Region X, Juneau, Alaska, April, 7 pp + appendices. Ott Water Engineers, Inc. 1986. Klatt offshore habitat enhancement project. In preparation for the Municipality of Anchorage, Department of Economic Development and Planning. Still P.J. and J.0. Brunett. 1987. Ground-water levels in Alaska, water year 1984. U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 87-230, 308 pp. U.S. Forest Service. 1979. The mitigation symposium: a national workshop on mitigating losses of fish and wildlife habitats. Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, General Technical Report RM-65. Fort Collins, Co. 684 pp. Zenone, C. 1976. Geohydrology of the lowland lakes area, Anchorage, Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey Water Resources Investigations 76-22, 2 sheets. 143 ,NOAA,C0AUAL,MRVlCFS C111 LIBRARY 3 6668 14110414 3