[From the U.S. Government Printing Office, www.gpo.gov]
Coastal Zone information Center ANNUAL REPORT Fiscal Year Ending June 30, 1972 2, 4 77 ;041 'low "A lit A% A GB 1627 cl) 0 12k(s aa@ uoviviu%ion G8 G759 1972 Tothe Great Lakes Basin Commission, in recognition of its contribution toward negotiation and consummation of the agreement with Canada for Water Oualitv in the Great Lakes -Richard M. Nixon CONTENTS Coordination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Great Lakes Basin Framework Study . . . . . . . . . 3 Institutional Arrangements Considered . . . . . . . . 5 The Great Lakes States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Interstate Compact and Federal Agencies . . . . . . . 8 Related Activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Limnological Systems Analysis and To the Great Lakes Basin Residents: Great Lakes Environmental Planning Study . . . . 11 Fiscal year 1972 saw some unusual accomplishments Grand River Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 in the Great Lakes Basin. The Great Lakes Basin Commission played a major part in furthering progress towards a water quality agreement for the Great Lakes in its negotiations with Canada and encouragement from the Congress of the United States to act with expedi- ency. Only with the cooperation of the Great Lakes States could the Great Lakes Basin Commission make such a contribution to an international agreement. THESTAFF The conference of Great Lakes Governors and Premiers held in conjunction with the August 1971 Frederick 0. Rouse, Chairman quarterly Commission meeting was another major step Leonard T. Crook, Executive Director and toward the accomplishment of the water quality agree- Director of Planning ment so long anticipated. Through its new member Barbara M. Ferguson, Executive Secretary agency, the State Department, and agreement negotia- tions, the Basin Commission has intensified its coordi- Eugene A. Jarecki, Assistant to the Director nation in water and related land resource planning and of Planning hopes that Canadian planning will move on a parallel 0. C. Reedy, Comprehensive Basin Planner course. Beth Norelli, Secretary The continuing active participation by Commissioners from eleven Federal agencies and eight Great Lakes John L. Hull, Comprehensive Basin Planner Cynthia Cox, Secretary States made possible intensive participation in agreement negotiations and reduced obstructions inherent in multi- Kenneth E. McElroy, Jr., Water Resources Planner level governmental coordination. Paul R. Vachon, Water Resources Planner Fiscal year 1972 was an extremely successful year in Linda M. Wagenveld, Secretary the evolution and development within the Great Lakes Basin Commission. I am proud to transmit this annual Laura M. Ives, Administrative Officer report to the public through the Water Resources Council, the Congress, and President of the United Ellen M. Prosser, Public Information Officer States and anticipate another successful year for the and Editor Great Lakes Basin Commission. JoAnne J. Marshall, Assistant Editor and Publications Supervisor Sincerely, Ellen G. Bristol, Assistant Editor and Circulation Manager Jean Bel I man, Secretary Frederick 0. Rouse Patricia A. Miller, Library Director Chairman Barbara Beach, Library Assistant S,, M- R@ !.Z@. wl-@ g _@r A Coordination US/CANADIAN WATER QUALITY AGREEMENT The Great Lakes Basin Commission was represented Huron (including the St. Marys River) is to be accom- by Chairman Frederick 0. Rouse when President Nixon plished within one year. and Prime Minister Trudeau signed the Executive Agree- The eight annexes of the Agreement deal with ment for water quality in the Great Lakes. specific water quality objectives; vessel design, con- Mr. Rouse had participated actively on the US struction, and operation; vessel wastes; studies on Negotiating Team which, working with a similar Cana- pollution from vessels; polluted dredged spoil; onshore/ dian team, assisted in preparing the Agreement for offshore facility discharges; and a joint contingency plan signature. The Agreement marked the achievement of an for oil spills, as well as phosphorus loading limitations. effort, begun 60 years ago by the International Joint One of the three references to the International Joint Commission, toward prevention of damaging pollution Commission under the two-country agreement is for the in the US/Canadian boundary waters. future study of pollution problems of Lake Huron and Lake Superior. It asks that the Commission determine Agreement Details whether or not there is water quality degradation in "Is The US/Canadian Great Lakes Water Quality Agree- Lakes Superior and Huron and if so, how much, by ment provides for action on some matters now and whom, and where. The IJC in making its report on these establishes procedures for arriving at agreement later on matters is to suggest remedial measures and estimate others. It sets a maximum allowable daily average probable costs. phosphorus discharge from all large municipal waste In addition to the Lakes Huron and Superior ref- treatment plants at one milligram per liter in Lake Erie, erence, two other references to the International Joint Lake Ontario, and the international section of the St. Commission concern establishment of a Research Lawrence River, and states that waste treatment of Advisory Board and a study of pollution from agricul- industrial plant discharges should be designed to achieve tural, forestry, and other land use activities. The maximum practicable reduction of phosphorus dis- Research Advisory Board is to be set up under IJC to charges to the lower Lakes. Determination on the gross review regularly the US and Canadian Great Lakes water reduction of phosphorus input to Lakes Superior and quality research activities in an attempt to search out 1 US/Canadian Water Quality Agreement, continued inadequacies in scope, funding, and schedules and make many meetings and wrote reports which covered the full recommendations for improvements. The other ref- range of possible actions. On the basis of these reports, erence instructs the IJC to determine if the boundary the ministers@ of the two governments agreed to negotiate waters of the Great Lakes are being polluted by surface an international water quality agreement for the Great runoff and sediment, and if so, how much, why, where, Lakes. Frederick 0. Rouse, Chairman, Great Lakes Basin and how to correct the problem. Commission, secured the detailed participation of the Progress Toward Great Lakes Water Quality eight Great Lakes States, and represented them on the The preliminary work behind the Executive Agree- US/Canadian negotiating team. ment for Great Lakes water quality began in the early After a series of intensive meetings on an accelerated 1960s. By 1964 the governments of Canada and the schedule, the United States and Canadian technical United States had decided to use the Boundary Waters groups reached substantial concurrence regarding the Treaty of 1909 to ask the International Joint Com- Agreement and the contents of ten or eleven annexes. mission to look into certain aspects of water quality The Agreement was subject to further consideration by problems in the lower two Great Lakes and connecting the negotiating teams of the two countries after the final channels. Reports from their studies in 1969 indicated provisions of the annexes were established by the that water quality problems were not receiving adequate technical committees. remedial action and that drastic measures were necessary The Agreement establishes a permanent office with a for pollution control. secretariat in the Great Lakes Basin, a Water Quality In 1970, the International Joint Commission made 22 Board, and a Research Advisory Board. recommendations to the governments of the United Essential completion and initialing of the Agreement State and Canada for the improvement of Great Lakes and annexes took place in February with final signing at water. A Joint Working Group and ten sub-groups held the time of the President's visit to Canada in the spring. Second Conference of Great Lakes Governors and Premiers In August 1971 the Great Lakes Basin Commission in to appropriate water pollution control agencies, and to conjunction with its quarterly meeting on Mackinac make public its findings and recommendations. Island, Michigan, co-hosted with the State of Michigan Resolution 5-acknowledging the importance of the Second Environmental Conference of Great Lakes shoreland management in Great Lakes environmental Governors and Premiers. After discussing mutual prob- quality and urging expansion and strengthening of lems related to the Lakes, the Governors of eight Great shoreland policies and control programs. Lakes States, their representatives, and Premiers of the Resolution 6-recommending that the nations expand Canadian Provinces of Ontario and Quebec passed these current programs to provide finances sufficient to permit resolutions: communities to construct facilities to abate water Resolution 1 -commending the two governments for pollution from combined sewer overflows. extending the International Joint Commission (IJC) Resolution 7-recommencling immediate no-discharge water quality surveillance responsibility to cover Lakes regulation of sewage from Great Lakes vessels and Huron and Superior, and urging that this objective be retention of all sewage for discharge at approved on-land implemented expeditiously. treatment facilities or for approved on-board treatment. Resolution 2-supporting the establishment of a Resolution 8-recommending accelerated cooperation single water quality board and sub-boards, as the IJC among the region's States, Provinces, and local govern- determines, to assist in the implementation of the mental units and concerned universities to ensure forthcoming agreement and be responsible for all IJC maximum potential of the environment for recreation. references on water quality in the Great Lakes. Resolution 10-encouraging the two nations to Resolution 3-urging the two nations to provide the provide funds for lamprey eel control and the accel- IJC with independent technical staff and resources to erated research to identify and test control methods. carry out its responsibilities effectively. Resolution 11-calling upon the Administrator of Resolution 4-recommending that the two nations EPA, Mr. William D. Ruckelshaus, to issue a regulation strengthen the role of the IJC by authorizing its water prohibiting all sewage discharge from vessels into Lake Quality Board to monitor the effectiveness of govern- Superior and its embayments and that the policy apply mental water pollution control programs, to recommend to other areas of the Great Lakes. legislative and program improvements as warranted, to Resolution 13-agreeing that the water quality coordinate water quality control activities, and to direct objectives of the US/Canadian agreement and the shore- recommendations relative to individual waste dischargers land management apply to Lake Michigan. 2 Great Lakes Basin Framework Study Purpose of the Study Framework Study. These will be divided into 23 The Great Lakes Basin Framework Study, when appendixes to the smaller main report. completed, will serve as the foundation for a compre- A 24th appendix on alternative frameworks will be hensive coordinated joint plan (CCJP). Public Law 89-80 written largely by the Great Lakes Basin Commission under which the Great Lakes Basin Commission was staff. This will follow a series of public meetings to be established states, "Each such commission ... shall held throughout the Great Lakes Basin to enable Basin prepare and keep up to date ... a comprehensive Commission planners to learn more of the public's coordinated joint plan for Federal, State, interstate, opinions, preferences, and problems and to further local, and non-governmental development of water and coordination with regional and local planning. related land resources . . Progress Before attempting to formulate a CCJP, it is desirable to complete a framework analysis which outlines goals By fiscal year-end some second and third drafts of and objectives, basic data, needed investigations and appendixes had been written, reviewed, and modified, programs, problem areas, and possible alternative solu- and editing begun by the Commission staff. Revisions of tions to those problems. appendixes incorporated data more directly useful in In order to perform this vast undertaking, the small plan formulation processes. Great Lakes Basin Commission staff is enhanced by The Framework Study grew and evolved during the more than 450 members of work groups and 15 task year. Subject areas of the Study, originally to contain 27 forces, whose time and talents are provided by the appendixes, were reorganized more advantageously to agencies of the Great Lakes States and Federal agency accommodate the presentation in only 24. Some of the members of the Basin Commission. These personnel are appendixes were combined under single headings, such themselves resources on which the Basin Commission as Appendix 9, Navigation, Commercial and Recrea- draws in order to include all practicable Great Lakes tional Boating, and Appendix 20, Laws, Policies, and Basin expertise in the Framewor* Study effort. Institutional Arrangements, State and Federal. Goals and Objectives Interim Report The Framework Study's goals and objectives are At the Great Lakes Basin Commission quarterly necessarily extremely broad and general, the specifics to meeting in August 1971 Chairman Frederick 0. Rouse be established following receipt of a tremendous announced the release of an Interim Report on the quantity of informational input from work groups, task Framework Study. This report was produced in response forces, and public opinion. The Basin Commission staff to the expressed need for knowledge of the Study defined the goals and objectives as those environ- among legislators, government officials, and the general mentally, economically, socially, or politically desirable public. The Interim Report was mailed to approximately for specific geographic portions of the Great Lakes 3800 on the Basin Commission mailing list. It contained Basin. The objectives are defined as the prior steps a questionnaire designed to provide planners with a first toward achieving the goals. These are the steps which insight into public trend preferences. The response to wi I I advance the system toward the goals. the questionnaire indicated the need for the establish- Under the guidance of the Water Resources Council ment of a more representative mailing list to be used and national objectives, those considered for the Great later for the public meetings associated with Appendix Lakes Basin Framework Study include the traditional 24, Alternative Frameworks. objectives of economic development, regional develop- ment, and environmental quality. Plan Formulation Method The data collection and analyses of the work groups provides the basic information needed for the plan and Basic data on resources of the Basin are compiled and program formulation activities of the Commission. Plan processed by the work groups with Commission staff and Program Formulation Task Forces were established coordination. Projected estimates of resource avail- for each of the 15 river basin groups and chaired by abilities related to population needs are made for the Commission staff planners. Task force members were years 1980, 2000, and 2020. By studying this informa- informed personnel from each of the Federal agencies, tion, planners are able to foresee numerous alternative the eight States, regional planning commissions, metro- directions and programs which may meet needs and politan areas, and environmental groups. accommodate resource availability. Throughout the year the task forces continued review Twenty-three work groups met throughout the Great Lakes Basin to prepare reports on all aspects of the (continued on Page 4) 3 Framework Study, continued of the goals and objectives for the plan of study and erated, limited, and normal growth projections of needs. refined the subobjectives and criteria for national They wanted these ranges before selecting a projection income, regional development, environmental quality on which to base their recommendations. They also and well-being of the people. They reviewed available wanted greater public involvement in selection of growth reports, identified problems, prepared alternative range. programs, and estimated program costs. Consequently, At year-end, the Commissioners decided to defer data analysis and plan formulation are proceeding selecting the projections and programs to be recom- simultaneously at year-end. mended until after ascertaining public preference among As plan formulation progressed, task forces received the ranges of proposals under consideration. The time to and used additional information from the functional prepare educational materials, conduct public meetings, work groups. Technical papers written by the task forces and carefully consider opinions expressed at these showed program details for meeting projected needs. meetings will require additional plan formulation time. At the beginning of the fiscal year the commissioners The meetings have been tentatively scheduled to run requested that programs be developed to meet accel- through the fall of 1972. THE FRAMEWORK STUDY-a main report and 24 appendixes THE APPEND IXES-compilations of data on resource availability and problems -products of multi-agency cooperation Appendix Number Subject Lead Agency Responsible 1 Basin Description Great Lakes Basin Commission 2 Surface Water Hydrology Army Corps of Engineers 3 Geology and Groundwater USDI, Geological Survey 4 Limnology of Lakes and Embayments Department of Commerce, NOAA 5 Mineral Resources USDI, Bureau of Mines 6 Water Supply-Municipal, Industrial, and Rural Environmental Protection Agency 7 Water Quality Environmental Protection Agency 8 Fish Michigan Department of Natural Resources 9 Navigation -Commercia I and Army Corps of Engineers Recreational Boating Army Corps of Engineers and State of Michigan 10 Power Federal Power Commission 11 Levels and Flows Army Corps of Engineers 12 Shore Use and Erosion Army Corps of Engineers 13 Land Use and Management USDA, Soil Conservation and Forest Services 14 Flood Plains Army Corps of Engineers and USDA, Soil Conservation Service 15 1 rrigation USDA, Soil Conservation Service 16 Drainage USDA, Soil Conservation Service 17 Wildlife USDI, Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife 18 Erosion and Sedimentation USDA, Soil Conservation Service 19 Economic and Demographic Studies Army Corps of Engineers 20 Laws, Policies, and Institutional Arrangements Federal Department of Justice State Michigan 21 Outdoor Recreation USDI, Bureau of Outdoor Recreation 22 Aesthetic and Cultural Resources USDI, National Parks Service 23 Health Aspects Environmental Protection Agency 24 Alternative Frameworks Great Lakes Basin Commission KEY: NOAA - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration USDA - United States Department of Agriculture USDI - United States Department of the Interior 4 Institutional Arrangements Considered Under Public Law 89-80 the Commission must and for the necessary political responsiveness to the recommend provisions for its future functions and public. implementation of its plans. Numerous organizations The Organizational Policy Task Force under the Vice and individuals including the National Water Com- Chairman of the Commission recommended, and the mission proposed new and usually more authoritative Commission accepted, that no action be taken on the management arrangements for water and related land consultant's recommendations during this fiscal year. resources in the Great Lakes Basin. The Basin Commis- The Commission foresaw that completion of the Frame- sion's Organizational Policy Task Force continued its work Study and possibly the CCJP itself might be two-year analysis of institutional choices by employing a required before management adjustments could be consultant to consider organizational needs for the Basin sufficiently identified to permit formulation of new or and to advise the Commission of the most feasible realignment of existing organizations. alternatives. The Great Lakes Commission requested that Great A proposed Federal-State compact would give a Lakes Basin Commission consider the draft of their Basinwide commission direct management powers which proposed Federal-State compact. A polling of the eight are now possessed by the eight Great Lakes States and Great Lakes Governors indicated they want results from numerous Federal agencies. Such powers, the consultant the completed Framework Study to identify unresolved concluded, are improper for a Basinwide agency. problems and organizational needs before they consider the proposed Federal-State compact or revisions to The consultant found that primary institutional needs organizational structures. are for integration of governmental policies. He pro- They also recognized the vast water resource manage- posed a Basinwide agency with elected members for ment and organizational considerations then in the US making and monitoring Basinwide policies. The existing Congress and the additions to the powers of the functional and resource management agencies would International Joint Commission provided by the Great continue to deal with matters at the regional level, but Lakes Water Quality Agreement. each would be required to work within the policy The Great Lakes Basin Commission resolved, "the framework established by the overall Great Lakes Great Lakes Basin Commission not make a detailed agency. review of the proposed compact but continue through The consultant stated his proposal would satisfy the the Framework Study and the Comprehensive Coordi- needs for geographic integration of governmental actions nated Joint Plan to develop appropriate institutional affecting the Lakes, for political coordination, for arrangements for the management of the water and inclusion in the larger system of Basin resource decision- related land resources of the Great Lakes Basin and that making organizations, for contribution of policy, the Great Lakes Commission be advised of this action planning and management direction to this integration, taken by the Great Lakes Basin Commission." Lake Superior's rocky shores offer some of the most scenic shoreline spots in the Nation. W74-3_9,M`101@ Ilk 5 The Great Lakes States ILLINOIS The State of Illinois com- transfer from large sources into the environment. pleted projects ranging from Phase 11 of a pilot project on artificial recharge of groundwater research to fish- sandstone cores with treated sewage effluent is under- eries management and in- way, as is computer modelling for forecasting water creased erosion control. State requirements. Studies of erosion and beach character- planners and researchers pro- istics continue, as does the inventory of State drainage duced a bulletin on digital and levee districts. computer techniques for Fisheries programs were increased with the develop- groundwater resource evaluation, a review of future ment of a fishing program for Chicago's urban parks, an demands on groundwater in the northeast part of the access study for ice fishermen in the Chain 0' Lakes State, and a report on research needs for waste heat area, and lake trout stocking in Lake Michigan. INDIANA Indiana published predic- Plan began; legislation f&r the Environmental Manage- tions of needs for agricultural ment Board became effective; and the Little Calumet irrigation for the State and a River Basin Commission began operations with State report on irrigation potentials participation. of Indiana soils. The State Under the flood insurance plan, Indiana assisted local conducted a flood plain zon- governments with applications and hydrologic studies, ing inventory with 57 local and 20 communities became eligible. Seven flood plain units of government and com- information studies are underway, two completed, and pleted three detailed flood plain mapping contracts in two under consideration. The State issued 834 floodway high-damage urban areas. and lake alteration permits and provided information to The 1974 update of the current Outdoor Recreation the Elkhart Basin Type IV Study during fiscal 1972. MICHIGAN Michigan continued to Four Michigan rivers, previously for low-quality water increase its water manage- uses, were upgraded to higher use categories. t ment through legislative Public hearings were held on Michigan's Shoreland action. The fine for illegal Plan, which will be submitted to the Governor and State discharge of pollutants into legislature for approval. public waters was increased One hundred forty million dollars worth of sewage to $10,000 per day, and gov- treatment works was placed under contract for 37 ernmental units became sub- projects. ject to penalty for violations. Michigan restricted the Under the Michigan pollution control program, contents of phosphorus in cleaning agents and expanded industrial and commercial wastewater dischargers were its program of ordering communities to install phos- assessed $714,000 surveillance fees, which will double phorus removal capability at sewage treatment facilities. the surveillance capability. MINNESOTA Minnesota's progress in tection objectives, regional responsibility; methods of comprehensive and related waste treatment, navigation, and reliance on Federal % land resources planning dur- assistance. ing fiscal year 1972 is high- In a report, "Minnesota Water and Related Land lighted in a report from the Resources: Information Systems," the Water Resources Water Resources Coordinat- Coordinating Committee analyzed available data and ing Committee, "Minnesota recommended the establishment of a Statewide system. jA Water and Related Land Resources: Policies for Planning." Minnesota changed its policy on alternative plans for The report considered policy questions on the degree development and management of river basins to leave of direction applicable to the State from river basin choice of development schemes to the political process planning organizations and Federal construction and recommended changes in funding policy for river agencies; flood plain management, environmental pro- basin commissions. 6 NEW YORK The New York Department of Environmental Conser- Oswego and St. Lawrence vation was reorganized in FY 1971. Water management River basins, and a water and planning activities were consolidated in a unit management alternative responsible for meeting Federal requirements, preparing report was prepared for Black comprehensive plans with regional water resources River basin. planning boards, and participating in Federal-State and interstate planning programs. The State authori zed a Despite cuts in the State planning budget, New York November 1972 referendum prepared interim basin and regional /metropolitan water on a $1.15 billion bond issue. quality plans. The Erie-Niagara Basin Water Resources Canaseraga Creek, Genesee basin, was the subject of a Plan was approved, tentative plans were completed for Corps of Engineers survey. OHIO The State of Ohio implemented more of its North- began data transmission west Ohio Water Development Plan in 1972. Six of the under the Remote Stream Plan's 37 recommended reservoirs were completed, and Quality Monitoring System. 24 of 62 proposed electronic stream monitors were The Ohio Land Use Plan- installed. Among other items, 115 waste treatment ning Program provided direct,- plants were constructed or upgraded to acceptable levels long-term assistance to local in both Northwest and Northeast Ohio plans; water governments and in-house recreational areas were increased; 26 miles of stream planning for areas adjacent to improvement were under construction, and the remain- State-owned lands adminis- der underwent environmental impact studies. tered by Ohio DNR. The pro- Under the Ohio Flood Plain Management program, 16 gram staff was committed to a study of the Lake Erie communities qualified for flood insurance. Four sites shoreline at year-end. PENNSYLVANIA Pennsylvania began a study of the groundwater Fisheries research on com- geology of western Crawford County and a portion of mercial and sportfish stocks the Conneaut Creek basin to include detailed data maps stressed biology and abun- and a report on the quality and quantity of ground- dance, establishment and water. maintenance. Development of Presque Isle nursery and A study of beach erosion prevention continued at other spawning habitats for Presque Isle State Park, as well as a Level C study for the sport fish species con tinued. management of waste water in Erie County. Pennsyl- Construction - began on a vania participated with the International Joint Commis- 1 000-acre reservoir and sion in planning Great Lakes water quality standards. waterfowl refuge in the Conneaut Creek Basin. WISCONSIN Wisconsin completed three major projects: establish- Data Network and on the j ment of goals and objectives for water resources through final preparation of Basin the year 2000, an assessment of water quality manage- Water Quality Management ment of 29 river basins, and small-area population projections up to year 1990 for cities, villages and towns Plans. Six regional water qual- ity management plans were in the State. completed, and coordination The State initiated a comprehensive water resources plan, and is developing a plan designed to evaluate State with regional planning com- policies as they affect water resources. missions continued in other Work continued on the Wisconsin Resources Planning ireas. 7 Interstate Compact and Federal Agencies GREAT LAKES COMMISSION The Great Lakes Commission, in its coordinating role Fishery Commission, US Section, to $1.843 million for among the eight Great Lakes States on water resources FY 1973, to be compatible with the Canadian level. The matters, strongly supported: sea lamprey control; program was designed to control lamprey in the upper amendments to the Federal Water Pollution Control Act; Lakes and extend treatment to Lake Ontario. containment areas for polluted dredged materials; shore- line erosion; extension of the Great Lakes-St. Lawrence In concert with others, the Great Lakes Commission Seaway navigation season; and US-flag vessel service on analyzed Federal Water Pollution Control Act amend- the Lakes. ments, the House (HR 11896) and Senate (S.2770) bills, GLC campaigned vigorously to raise the sea lamprey and made recommendations to Congressmen and House control annual funding program of the Great Lakes and Senate Public Works Committees members. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE The Department of Agri- Metropolitan (Type IV) Study; Upper Peninsula, Mich- culture completed its partici- igan, and Maumee Valley, Resource Conservation and pation in the Grand River Development (RC and D) Studies. Basin and Genesee River Five Type IV studies continued: Southeast Wisconsin Basin Type 11 Studies. In River Survey; Southeast Michigan Water Resources addition, the Buffalo Creek Study; Elkhart-Kankakee Basin Study, Western New Flood Control Project in New York Basins; and Eastern New York Basins. Six ongoing York was completed, as were resource conservation and development projects were twenty-four watershed pro- the Onanegozie, Lumberjack, Pic-Rou-Ta, Northwest jects under Public Law Michigan, Penn Soil and Seneca Trail. PL 566 watershed 566-eighteen in Michigan, one in Indiana, four in Ohio, projects continuing through fiscal 1972 were-seven in and one in New York. Michigan, three in New York, six in Ohio, and two in Activities begun in FY 1972 were the Chicago Wisconsin. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS For an International Joint program to test an ice formation reporting system, Commission study, the Corps control of ice force on structures, ice suppression, ice investigated water level fluc- effects on ships, winter navigation aids, environmental tuations in the Lakes to effects, insurance rates, and base conditions. determine their best regula- tion for navigation, power The Corps conducted regional wastewater manage- development, local flood con- ment studies for Detroit, Chicago, and Cleveland-Akron. trol, and reduction of dam- They continued chairing the Southeast Michigan and ages to shore properties. Grand River comprehensive studies on water supply, To extend the Great L@kes pollution abatement, navigation, flood control, hydro- navigation season through winter, the Corps is chairing electric power, and related resource development and the 3-year navigation season extension demonstration control. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE Lake Survey Center of the basic data forecasts and studies for planners' use in National Oceanographic and developing comprehensive plans. Atmospheric Administration, As a member of the Great Lakes Levels Working Committee, Lake Survey Center prepared data and US Department of Com- J. -, @. . \1 studied regulation of water levels for the Great Lakes merce, supported the work of Water Levels Board to report to the International Joint the Great Lakes Basin Frame- Commission. Continuing the support of previous years, work Study with compilation the Department of Commerce through NOAA's Lake M 39', Of data for Appendix 4, Survey Center provided technical advice to the G reat OT _J Limnology of Lakes and Lakes Basin Commission and the International Joint Embayments. The Commerce Department provided Commission. 8 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY The EPA assisted with coordination of water quality including Framework Study management planning. It established planning guidelines Appendixes on Water Qual- and monitored compliance by State and local agencies. ity, Water Supply, and Health The regional administrator of EPA certified water Aspects. quality management plans and determined conformance EPA participated on the of proposed projects with them. steering committees of walste- The EPA provided partial funding for the Water water management alterna- Quality Management Study, Phase 1, Southeast Mich- tives studies of the Corps of igan, and reviewed, evaluated and assessed environmental Engirieers and r eviewed considerations. power plant licensing applica- The EPA assisted in the preparation of other agencies' tions for Federal Power Commission projects, as well as water quality basin plans and metropolitan -regional coordinating water quality aspects. FEDERAL POWER COMMISSION For the Great Lakes Basin Framework Study, fill power needs of increasing Appendix 10, Power, the Federal Power Commission populations, consistent with (FPC) analyzed existing and future power situations in optimum use of resources, the Great Lakes Basin (1980, 2000, and 2020). It environmental aims, and assessed the capacity, energy, and water required to fill associated water needs. needs for the normal growth trends and discussed Assessments were also made environmental factors. for the accelerated and limit- The FPC outlined power needs for plan formulation ed growth frameworks for frameworks of the Basin Commission. It developed each of the five Lake basins and the entire Great Lakes projected power requirements and economic sources to Basin. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Under USDI auspices, Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Appendix; Fish and Wildlife Wildlife (BSF&W), Bureau of Mines, Geological Survey, Service, Wildlife Appendix; and Bureau of Outdoor Recreation (BOR) all con- BOR, Recreation Appendix; tributed to Great Lakes Basin studies. BSF&W was National Park Service, involved with effects on wildlife in the Great Lakes Aesthetic and Cultural Ap- Water Levels Study. This Bureau also studied effects of pendix. Great Lakes navigation season extension on estuarine environments and fish and wildlife. A National Recreation USDI contributors to the Great Lakes Basin Frame- Area study on the Lake Erie shoreline south of Detroit, work Study were: Bureau of Mines, Mineral Resources Michigan, was performed by BOR, as was the Wild and Appendix; Geological Survey, Geology and Groundwater Scenic River Study of the Maumee River. DEPARTMENT OF HOUSING AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT The Department of Housing and Urban Development The stress of HUD plan- (HUD) supported complementary relationships among ning activity is toward a com- State, metropolitan, and local planning activities. A pilot prehensive program that will study of this relationship was made with the cooperation deal with use and develop- of the Southeastern Wisconsin Regional Planning Com- ment and related land re- mission. The Department fostered development and sources as a primary means of implementation of both framework and Level B studies achieving beneficial growth within the Great Lakes Basin. patterns. 9 Federal Agencies, continued DEPARTMENT OF STATE By Executive Order the secured direct representation from each of the Great Department of State became Lakes States in all stages of preparation of position the eleventh Federal agency papers and the actual negotiations. member of the Great Lakes Basin Commission. The addi- tion of the State Department DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE resulted from the Chairman's During fiscal year 1972, the Justice Department participation on the US nego- completed the Federal volume of Appendix 20, Laws, tiation team for consummating the Great Lakes Water Policies, and Institutional Arrangements of the Great Quality Agreement. Chairman Frederick 0. Rouse Lakes Basin Framework Study. DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION The Department of Trans- tion aids. DOT participated in the Great Lakes Water portation is heavily involved Quality Agreement and the year-round navigation pro- in the Great Lakes in aiding gram, undertaking studies for developing new concepts, the movement of a record 53 such as improved wintertime aids to navigation and laser million tons of cargo through navigation systems, ice breaking and providing 13 Coast the St. Lawrence Seaway dur- Guard vessels. ing 1971. The 1972 season will be another record year. DOT is vitally concerned with the environmental he Coast Guard res- aspects of the Great Lakes and impacts of air, noise, oil, poncled to 578 oil spills, and water pollution. Proposed legislation on port safety handled 4,947 rescue cases, saved 320 lives and and water pollution control will further increase DOT's $8,378,000 in property, and maintained 3,100 naviga- activities in the Great Lakes. Related Activities PUBLIC INFORMATION OFFICE The Chairman of the Great Lakes Basin Commission nate 15 Great Lakes Basin Framework Study public instituted improved public information capability in meetings on alternative frameworks to be held with the October 1971 within the Basin Commission offices. The assistance of States, regional, and local co-sponsors in Public Information Office formally began the internal the Great Lakes Basin. management of the Commission's monthly newsletter, the Communicator, at that time. Previously, public GREAT LAKES BASIN LIBRARY information work was performed by an agency inde- The Library was established in 1968 to meet the pendent of the Commission. needs of the Commissioners, their staffs, the GLBC staff, In February and May of 1972 the Public Information the Work Groups, Task Forces and other planners. It Office disseminated GLBC information to wire services, contains reference materials on the Great Lakes Basin .major television and radio networks, and three hundred and States: reports on water and land aspects of resource local press and media throughout the Great Lakes Basin. management; legislative and planning reports; framework In addition, the Public Information Office provided and river basin studies; and similar literature. All media and press interface for meetings involving the references are indexed by subject, author, and title. Great Lakes Basin Commission. The Library has been a selective Federal Government The Public Information Office was assigned editing Depository Library for most of the year and thus is able and printing procurement of the Great Lakes Basin to promptly receive desired government documents Framework Study Report and Appendixes (27 volumes). without effort or cost. In the fall of 1972, the Public Information Office, Many valuable resource materials are produced by having assisted the professional planning staff to write Federal, State, regional, and metropolitan planning supportive educational materials, will disseminate more organizations and the Library encourages the donation than 9,000 educational packets concerning possible of these otherwise difficult to obtain materials for the future Great Lakes developments. The Public Infor- enhancement of coordinated planning by the Com- mation Officer and a professional planner will coordi- mission staff. 10 LSA/GLEPS Limnological Systems Analysis The nature of the Great Lakes Basin with its large availability, and relevance of potential modelling efforts Lake reservoirs into which numerous short connecting to the needs of Great Lakes Basin Commission member rivers flow requires a limnological systems analysis for agencies. evaluation of the cumulative effects on the Lakes of The contractor found that the modelling efforts on alternative management decisions and strategies on each the Great Lakes until now have been relatively minimal of the contributing river basins. except in the water balance or hydrologic sense. Circu- To accomplish this, a tool will have to be developed lation and mixing patterns are fairly well defined also. which does not now exist. The most logical method of Part of the LSA study assessed the usefulness of various accomplishing this would be the development of suitable models on the Great Lakes in existence elsewhere that mathematical models. The levels at which this can be can be adapted for use on the Great Lakes. Only two achieved are to be determined for practicable purposes models approach the "good" level, water balance, and under the preliminary model now being designed under contract to the Commission by Hydroscience, Inc. circulation and mixing. The poorest areas are in the The main modelling effort will be developed on biological and energy balance (including ice) fields. The whatever level the Commission decides to proceed with. circulation and mixing modelling has been done pri- When this modelling effort is completed, the various marily by universities. The water balance model is the elements of the CCJP can be adequately integrated and work of the Corps of Engineers, as modified recently by their beneficial and adverse effects competently and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of the Department of Commerce. quantitatively estimated. A large portion of the effects, both negative and positive, of activities upon the Work has essentially been completed on the demon- individual streams within the Basin will be reflected in stration model, the results from which were utilized to the cumulative effects within the Lakes themselves. illustrate the utility of a systematic, rational approach to Consequently, in order to complete adequately the predicting the effects on the Great Lakes of contem- CCJP, a device such as a mathematical model of each of plated resource management strategies in the tributary the Great Lakes and the Great Lakes System is man- areas and on the Lakes themselves. Coordination among datory. the four funding agencies (Corps of Engineers, Environ- Work by both the Commission staff and the con- mental Protection Agency, Great Lakes Basin Com- tractor refined and formalized the analyses of Lake- mission, Upper Great Lakes Regional Commission) was related problems in the Great Lakes, data on model excellent. Great Lakes Environmental Planning Study After 18 months of intensive work the contractor Study as a base, GLEPS will be proposed to the Water recommended a moderate level of development of Resources Council as a vehicle for focussing goals and computer programs for the Great Lakes and various objectives. smaller areas. Assisting in these efforts were the Com- Not a research study, GLEPS is designed to take mission staff, its Plan and Program Formulation results of research and utilize them in formal plans to Committee, and the Board of Advisors for the Limno- provide a rational framework for future research, logical Systems Analysis program. monitoring, and surveillance and actions upon the Great The contractor proposed chemical, biomass, and Lakes. GLEPS will complement present research. eutrophication models for all the Great Lakes, with GLEPS will provide an integrated framework for greater detail for Lake Erie, a food chain model for Lake water quality efforts of Federal, State, and'local agencies Ontario, dissolved oxygen models for Lake Erie and and for the activities of the newly-formed Great Lakes Green Bay, and bacterial models for southern Lake Water Quality Board established under Executive Agree- Michigan and Green Bay. The three-year, two-million ment signed by President Nixon and Prime Minister dollar modelling work would be an integral part of a Trucleau of Canada by four-year comprehensive planning study costing four *focussing on goals and objectives for the Lakes million dollars known as the Great Lakes Environmental *identifying Lake-based water resource problems Planning Study (GLEPS). It would be the second stage edescribing needed regional and integrated compre- in the Great Lakes Basin Commission's efforts to prepare hensive programs of research, data collection, and a comprehensive, coordinated, joint plan (CCJP) for the management. Great Lakes Basin. GLEPS is a broad-based auxiliary Hundreds of independent and essentially unrelated comprehensive planning aid for management of the five studies have been made on the Great Lakes and a great Great Lakes. Using the Great Lakes Basin Framework deal of pertinent data has been acquired on a frag- 11 Great Lakes Environmental Planning Study, continued mented basis by a number of agencies over a long period *recommendations for action programs on develop- of time. The proposed GLEPS would permit: ment, operation, and management of the Great �immediate systematization of the vast amount of data Lakes. and analyses pertaining to portions of the Great GLEPS will address two problem categories, the Lakes environment evaluation of alternative management and policy strat- �identification of gaps in basic environmental data, egies on approaching specific Lake problems, such as and determination of data collection, analyses, and environmental impacts, and effects on physical, chem- correlations of needs ical, and biological aspects of the Lakes of resource �coordination of fragmented ongoing and proposed management strategies now considered for tributary systems analyses simulations for portions of Ithe Great drainage areas to the Lakes. Subsystem models de- Lakes environment veloped under GLEPS would be structured to facilitate use by the Commission's member agencies. *exploration of effects of conditions and alternatives through concurrent consideration of inter- Chairman Rouse is scheduled to describe GLEPS to relationships among physical, chemical, and biological the Water Resources Council of Representatives in Lakes factors mid-July 1972. Coordination with Grand River Study Two resolutions concerning the Grand River Study opposed implementation of the Study as proposed in the were passed in February 1972 by the Great Lakes Basin Coordinating Committee's report because it advocated Commission at its quarterly meeting at the Campus Inn the use of structural remedies such as dams and related in Ann Arbor, Michigan. One of the two resolutions on lireservoirs. As a consequence, a further study of alterna- the Study, pertaining to the river located in south- tive solutions to the River's problems was recommended. western Michigan, asked that the Grand River Basin More than $30,000 was expended for further studies. Coordination Committee furnish the Commission These funds had to be obtained by the Chairman of the comments on public responses to this study prior to the Grand River Basin Coordinating Committee from the Great Lakes Basin Commission's review of the report. Army Corps of Engineers' Washington headquarters. The other resolution asked that an ad hoc review committee of the Great Lakes Basin Commission be The new plan of the Coordinating Committee pro- constituted with the State of Michigan as chairman, and vides green space in valley preserves and has measures for with representative members from the Federal Depart- preventing encroachment on the flood plains. At the ments of Agriculture, Army, and Interior, and the end of the fiscal year the report was still under revision. Federal Environmental Protection Agency. The Com- After a 45-day agency review, the new report will be mission's Executive Director was named secretary of the released to the public and transmitted to the Great Committee and the Executive Secretary of the Grand Lakes Basin Commission. The Grand River Watershed River Watershed Council, observer. Council's public information program will assist public The previous year's public meetings on the proposed understanding of the report's implications through a Type 11 study plan for the Grand River Basin brought series of public meetings and further analyses of the vigorous protest from members of environmental groups, report. The public will then have ample time to carefully in particular the Grand River Basin Protective Associa- consider the new report and make its views known to tion, Jackson Complex. The Protective Association the Coordinating Committee. 12 Financial Report BALANCE SHEET - GENERAL FUND RESERVE FOR FUTURE APPROPRIATIONS June 30, 1972 GENERAL FUND Assets Balance at July 1, 1971 $153,995 Cash $242,932 Revenues: Grants receivable: Grants from United States United States Government 35,000 governmerA agency $205,000 State of Wisconsin 35,000 Grants from State governments 180,000 70,000 Grants from United States Less allowances 5,000 65,000 government agencies - Due from Upper Great Lakes restricted to pay cost of Regional Commission 10,125 publishing framework study 180,000 565,000 Advances and deposits 7,461 718,995 Prepaid expenses 2,268 Expenditures: _@327,786 Salaries and wages 252,370 Liabilities and Reserves Payroll taxes 6,998 Accounts payable $ 10,996 Retirement annuities and Accrued payroll 10,258 disability insurance 16,159 Retirement plan payments Hospitalization insurance 10,521 withheld and accrued 2,060 Annual report 7,111 Income taxes withheld 2,123 Public education 6,000 Total Liabilities 25,437 Accounting and legal 2,650 Reserve for encumbrances 29,626 Contractual services 24,879 Reserve for cost of Equipment rental 14,803 1 publishing framework study 180,000 Insurance 617 Reserve for accrued annual Meetings and conferences 2,970 leave 23,000 Printing and reproduction 25,369 Reserve for future Repairs and maintenance 1,695 appropriations 69,723 Rent 26,457 $327,786 Supplies and postage 8,910 Telephone and telegraph 8,013 BALANCESHEET Travel 23,956 PLANT AND EQUIPMENT FUND Library books 1,707 June 30, 1972 Furniture and equipment 4,873 Miscellaneous 214 446,272 Assets 272,723 Furniture and equipment $ 26,770 Amounts transferred to reserves: Library books 14,513 Reserve for accrued annual $ 41,283 leave 23,000 Source of Funds Reserve for cost of publishing Appropriations for unrestricted framework study 180,000 203,000 General Fund revenues $ 41,283 BALANCE AT JUNE 30,1972 $ 69,723 Great Lakes Basin Commission In our opinion, the accompanying balance sheets and 3475 Plymouth Road statement of reserve for future appropriations present P. 0. Box 999 fairly the financial position of the General Fund and the Ann Arbor, Michigan 48106 Plant and Equipment Fund of the Great Lakes Basin Commission at June 30, 1972, and transactions affecting We have examined the financial statements of the the reserve for future appropriations for the year then General Fund and the Plant and Equipment Fund of the ended in conformity with generally accepted accounting Great Lakes Basin Commission for the year ended June principles applied on a basis consistent with the 30, 1972. Our examination was made in accordance with preceding year. generally accepted auditing standards, and accordingly Linscheid and Austin included such tests of the accounting records and such Certified Public Accountants other auditing procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. November 22, 1972 NO TR LIBRARY 3 3668 14111304 5 GREAT LAKES Postage and Fees Paid BASIN COMMISSION Great Lakes Basin Commission P.O. BOX 999 3475 PLYMOUTH ROAD ANN ARBOR, MICH. 48106 OFFICIAL BUSINESS FREDERICK 0. ROUSE CHAIRMAN 44- 7' IL The Membership Frederick 0. Rouse Af Chairman The States State of Illinois Natural Resources Development Board State of Indiana Department of Natural Resources State of Michigan Department of Natural Resources 0 State of Minnesota State Planning Agency State of New York Department of Environmental Conservation State of Ohio Department of Natural Resources Commonwealth of Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Resources ,State of Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources et Federal Agencies and Interstate Compact Department of Agriculture *"6 Department of the Army Department of Commerce Department of Health, Education, I" r1i 4, & Welfare Department of Housing & A Urban Development Department of the Interior Department of Justice Department of State V Department of Transportation Environmental Protection Agency Federal Power Commission Great Lakes Commission Now-, '7