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Co Sponsors: F South Carolina Department of Parks, Recreation & Tourism 267. 3 South Carolina Coasta l Council .S68 ~-& - ~~~~~~~~~~~~OATAL ACCES 1 988 Primary Contributors: COASTAL ZONE cf 0. 1 South Carolina Sea Grant Consortium INFORMATION CENTER Clemson University - PRTM . =, =~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Property of CSC Library South Carolina PUBLIC BEACH COASTAL ACCESS U . S DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE NOAA COASTAL SERVICES CENTER 2234 SOUTH HOBSON AVENUE CHARLESTON, SC 29405-2413 1988 Co Sponsors: South Carolina Department of Parks, Recreation & Tourism South Carolina Coastal Council Primary Contributors: South Carolina Sea Grant Consortium Clemson University - Department of Parks, Recreation, and Tourism Management With significant assistance from the South Carolina Wildlife and Marine Resources Department, the South Carolina Marine Association, and the University of South Carolina Computer Services Division, Digital Mapping Services ,o t rfl --o TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgements.Page ~~~FEATURE ARTICLES How To Use This Guide .....................4-6 Page Project Study Zone........................7 Public Access Under S.C. Law...................12 Foreword............................8 Eastern Oyster .........................17 S.C. Coastal Zone ........................9 Commercial Marine Resources...................19 Methodology/Introduction ..1..................t Estuaries............................21 COUNTIES How Upland Uses Affect The Coastal Zone .............22-23 Hurricane Preparedness......................24 Horry .............................14-46 Development And Conservation In S.C. ..............25 Site Descriptions .......................30 Beach Renourishment ......................28-29 North Myrtle Beach Accessways.................31-35 Seasons Of Fishing In S.C .....................37-38 City of Myrtle Beach Accessways.................39-46 S.C.'s "Sea-Drinking Cities".....................51 & 53 Georgetown...........................48-62 Wetlands In The Coastal Zone...................55 Site Descriptions .......................60 S.C. Shore And Beach Preservation Association..........56-57 & 59 Accessways..........................60 Trends In S.C. Fishing Tournaments ................61-62 Charleston ...........................64-92 Dune Zone Vegetation ......................67 & 69 Site Descriptions........................88-90 Locations Of S.C. Artificial Reefs And Wrecks............71 & 73 Accessways ..........................90-92 S.C.'s Artificial Fishing Reefs ...................75-78 Colleton ..........................I..94-100 S.C.'s Endangered And Threatened Wildlife ...........80-81 & 84 Site Descriptions .......................100 Geological History Of The S.C. Coastal Plain ............86-87 Accessways..........................100 Saltwater Fishing Opportunities In S.C. ..............97-98 Beaufort ............................102-125 Our Dynamic Shoreline......................99 Site Descriptions........................124-125 Recreational Shellfish Harvesting.................105 & 107 Accessways..........................125 S.C. Seafood Recipes......................109 & III jasper .............................126-132 Don't Rock The Boat.......................111-112 Site Descriptions .......................132 Barrier Islands In S.C .......................113-114 S.C. Coastal Dive Shops .....................79 Aquaculture ..........................115-116 Saltwater Marinas In S.C......................133-134 The Salt Marsh .........................117 Commercial Campgrounds In Project Study Zone...........135 An Update On S.C. Erosion....................120-124 Coastal Access Survey Sites/Respondents ..............136-137 Management Guidelines For A Healthy Coastline...........127 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS S.C. PUBLIC BEACH AND COASTAL ACCESS South Carolina's first Public Beach and Coastal Access project is the result of PROJECT TEAM many dedicated individuals and groups who supported the project since its inception in the summer of 1987. We are indeed grateful for the active interest and support of Senator James Waddell who spoke at our October conference. Nanci Bateman, Project Director We are also indebted to the co-sponsors who funded this project, S.C. Mary McDonald, Project Assistant Department of Parks, Recreation and Tourism, Fred Brinkman, Executive Grant Cunningham, Research Design Director, J.W. Lawrence, Deputy Executive Director, and the S.C. Coastal Grant Cunningham, Data Collection Council, H. Wayne Beam, Executive Director, Chris Brooks, Deputy Director. Margaret Davidson, S.C . Sea Grant Liaison The Division of Engineering and Planning of S.C. Department of Parks, Margaret Davidson, S.C. Co astal Cou ncil Liaison Recreation and Tourism, with the support of William R. Jennings, Director, and Ann Adkins, S.C. Coastal Council Liaison Beth McClure, Assistant Director, organized and carried out the project. Sylvia O'Boyle, Tourism Liaison We especially need to acknowledge the enthusiastic support of several Primary Pat Heydt, Graphics Contributors. Margaret Davidson, Executive Director of the S.C. Sea Grant Keith Smith, Graphics Consortium, provided funding for data collection and analysis and was Cheryl Merrill, Typesetting instrumental at various phases throughout the effort. Bob McLellan and Cary McDonald of the Department of Parks, Recreation and Tourism Management of CONTRIBUTORS Clemson University assisted in the contract administration and research design respectively. Charlie Moore and Wayne Waltz of the Recreational Fisheries M. Rick Devoe Charlie Moore Division of the Wildlife and Marine Resources Department provided us with up Mike Katuna Wayne Waltz to date boat ramp and public marina data. Rhett Riviere, President of the S.C. Tim Kana Charles Farmer Marine Association, was a tremendous help with commercial marina contacts and B.J. Kjerfve Dale Theiling information. William W. Dreyfoos Elizabeth Roland Hens The maps that appear in the Guide are courtesy of the S.C. Department of John Dunne Mel Bell Highways and Public Transportation, the S.C. Coastal Council, and the S.C. Virginia Beach Kay Van Sant Wildlife and Marine Resources Department. The computer generated maps were Frances Rogers Donald L. Hammond produced by the University of South Carolina Computer Services Division, Doug Baughman Donna Florio Digital Mapping Services. Photographs are courtesy of S.C. Department of Parks, Mel Goodwin Sally Murphy Recreation and Tourism, S.C. Department of Wildlife and Marine Resources, the Tom Sweeny Steve Bennett Myrtle Beach Area Chamber of Commerce, the Hilton Head Island Chamber of Tom Potts Steve Hoffius Commerce, and the Belle W. Baruch Institute for Marine Biology and Coastal Richard Beck Rhett Riviere Research, University of South Carolina. Esther Pivnick Jack Smith Finally, we owe a very special thanks to the many agencies and individuals who Jeanne Briggs Fritz Aichele took the time to respond to our survey in an accurate and timely manner. We Nikki Rickett Gered Lennon also are very indebted to the numerous individuals who contributed feature Alan Albright William Struhs articles and offered their assistance throughout the entire project. Dan Hatley Rob Hinnant Greg Lipscomb Barbara Benton The preparation of this report was financed in part through a planning grant from the National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior, under the provisions of the Land and Water Conservation Fund Act of 1965 (Public Law 88-578, as amended). The Department of Parks, Recreation and Tourism does not discriminate on the basis of race, color, sex, national origin, age, or handicap in its programs or activities. If anyone believes he or she has been subjected to discrimination on the basis of race, color, sex, national origin, age, or handicap, he or she may file a complaint alleging discrimination with either the South Carolina Department of Parks, Recreation and Tourism, Columbia, South Carolina 29201, or the Office for Equal Opportunity, U.S. Department of the Interior, Washington, DC 20240. 3 MATRIX CHART COMPONENTS A. GENERAL SITE INFORMATION: PUBLIC/COMMERCIAL Indicates type of facility: PUBLIC: a facility where all people have access due to public ownership, regula- HOW TO USE THIS GUIDE tions, easements or other legal accessways, whether or not a fee is required. The Guide provides location and site information on public and commercial (Examples - public boat ramps, bridge outdoor recreation lands, activities, and facilities for each county along the coast catwalks, county or state parks). running from north to south. Each county of Horry, Georgetown, Charleston, COMMERCIAL: a facility that is privately Colleton, and Beaufort each comprise a chapter of information. In each chapter, owned but where the general public still the same basic ingredients are provided. has access, usually upon payment of a An introductory article highlights the interesting history and offerings found in reasonable user fee. that county. Computer generated digital maps introduce each county and clearly Examples - private campgrounds, some show the study area from the Intracoastal Waterway to the Atlantic. Most sites marinas, fishing piers or charter boat are located in this study area. Some sites, however, fall west of the Waterway due operations)* to the variation of the saltwater intrusion zone. For this Guide, only LOCAL/COUNTY/STATE/ comprehensive saltwater access is presented. With the exception of one area, only FEDERAL Indicates managing agency. saltwater marina, boat ramp and fishing pier information is presented. Only four OPEN YEAR ROUND Indicates if the facility is open year-round freshwater sites exist. These are located in southern Horry/northern Georgetown or which months the facility is closed counties along the Intracoastal Waterway. In Beaufort County, the saltwater zone PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION Some form of public transportation to or extends farther inland even as far west into sections of Jasper County. Therefore, PUBLIC TRANSPORTATIONv d all sites in Beaufort and Jasper Counties fall into the saltwater zone and the boat near the site is provided. ramps presented reflect all saltwater ramps on the seaward side of Highway 17. PARKING/ENTRANCE FEE Indicates a fee is charged; specifics Dotted matrix charts provide information on all sites by county in four areas: (Launch Fee) provided in site descriptions where general site, activity, facility and environment/access information. Various possible. segments of county maps and feature articles on various coastal topics are B. ACTIVITIES: interspersed with the charts in each county. Site descriptions follow for those BOATING The site is conducive to boating as an sites which provided us with the information. For those sites with beach access, accessway listings are shown. It should be noted that all 264 sites along the coast, activity. minus 27 duplicates, are represented in the matrix chart sections. However, not SWIMMING/ Swimming (pool, beach, or lake) available all sites provided site descriptions, accessway listings or locations on county WITH LIFEGUARD with lifeguards during summer season. maps. For that reason, the matrix chart is the best comprehensive listing of the SWIMMING/ Swimming (pool, beach, or lake) available sites in each county. Not all managers responded with specific comments to go WITHOUT LIFEGUARD with no lifeguards during summer season. into site descriptions and not all managers had sites with beach access. The FISHING Site allows fishing (pier, bank, surf casting majority of managers, however, did reveal to us where their sites were so most charter fishing, bridge) if state and local sites can be found in the county map section. The degree of access (unlimited, laws are followed. limited, very limited, no access) is shown only for sites that have a beach. The authors are not responsible for changes that inevitably occur once this CHARTER FISHING Charter fishing trips offered on-site or Guide is published. The information here is accurate up through the summer of booked through the site. 1988. All site information is based upon managers' response to what exists or SHELLFISHING Shell collecting, oystering or clamming pertains to their site. available on-site. Explanations follow for each category of the matrix chart information: PICNICKING Facilities on-site provide picnicking opportunities. HISTORICAL/CULTURAL Historical/cultural tours or events ACTIVITY offered. CAMPING Facilities on-site provide opportunity for 4 camping (tent, primitive, or RV). INTERPRETIVE PROGRAMS Interpretive programs offered to the FERRY Ferry transportation available on-site. public (although schedule may vary). CATWALKS A walkway built in association with a BICYCLING Areas/paths available for bicycling. bridge to allow for safe fishing available. GOLFING Golf is available (miniature, 9, or 18-hole) CONSERVATION AREA All or part of the site is managed to on-site or through special offer. provide systematic protection of natural TENNIS Tennis is available on-site or through areas and resources. special offer. NATURE TRAILS Hiking or interpretive trails provided SUNBATHING Areas provided for sunbathing. on-site. HIKING Areas available for hiking or interpretive FITNESS TRAIL Jogging or exercise trails provided on-site. walks. BICYCLE PATH Paths or right of way designated for WILDLIFE Passive recreation opportunities exist to bicycles available on-site. OBSERVATION observe nature and wildlife. CONCESSION STANDS Small to full-sized concession stands * Definitions based on the SCWMR publication, "Public Access to Marine selling snacks/food/drinks. Recreational Fishing in S.C.", June 1987. HANDICAPPED All or part of site facilities designed to C. FACILITIES: FACILITIES accommodate the handicapped, such as PARKING Parking available on-site. restrooms, ramps, boardwalks, parking, and/or railings. RESTROOMS Restroom facilities available on-site. GROUP FACILITY DAY Large facilities on-site to accommodate group usage during the day such as meeting SHOWERS Hot or cold showers available. rooms, large shelters or picnic areas, or similar facilities. CHANGING ROOMS Facilities available for day users to change clothes. GROUP FACILITY NIGHT Large facilities on-site to accommodate group overnight usage such as large group DISPERSED PICNIC AREA Picnic tables, benches, and in some cases, fireplaces, available in open space area for group barracks, overnight bunk areas, picnicking. group barracks, etc. picnicking. MUSEUMS Historical/museum exhibit or display PICNIC SHELTER Facility for picnicking to use in all types MUSEUMS Historical/muse um or display of weather (covered and/or screened). MARINA Boating/sailing marina with slips on-site. HISTORICAL/CULTURAL Facilities exist to host historical/cultural MARINA Boating/sailing marina with slips on-site. events or activities. events or activities. BOAT DOCKS .Facility on-site to dock boats. PLANTATION/GARDENS Historical plantation homes or gardens BOAT RENTALS Various boat rentals available (yachts, on-site. power boats, canoes, sailboats, GOLF COURSE Miniature golf or 9 or 18-hole golf course 0 : pontoon boats, windsurfing boards, s on-site for site guests or at a nearby etc.). location through special arrangement. FISHING PIER : :Pier for fishing on-site. TENNIS COURTS Indoor or outdoor tennis available on-site FISHING SUPPLY Fishing supplies available for rental or for site guests or at a nearby location RENTAL sale on-site. through special arrangements. BEACH BOARDWALK Boardwalk (covered or paved) leading to PLAYGROUND FACILITIES Outdoor play equipment area on-site. the beach available. 5 CAMPGROUND/SITE Area designated for RV or tent camping on site. PRIMITIVE CAMPING Remote area designated for backcountry/ wilderness tent camping on-site. RV DUMP STATION RV dump facilities available on site. D. ENVIRONMENT/ACCESS ADJACENT TO ATLANTIC Site is adjacent to or borders the Atlantic Ocean. INTRACOASTAL WATERWAY Site is adjacent to or borders the BAYSOUD FONTGEIntracoastal Waterway. "W edonly maag ouslve.Th feril BAY/SOUND FRONTAGE ~Site is adjacent to or borders a bay or W nedm ag ou eve. er e sound. magic of the sea will do the rest." LAKE FRONTAGE Site is adjacent to or borders a lake. RIVER FRONTAGE Site is adjacent to or borders a river. -Jacques-Yves Cousteau SANDY BEACH Site has a sandy beach. PRIMITIVE BEACH No facilities available/little development in vicinity. MODERATE DEVELOPED BEACH Some facilities available/some development in vicinity. DEVELOPED BEACH Many facilities available/much development in vicinity. URBAN BEACH Highly developed area with numerous motels, hotels and business in the vicinity, UNLIMITED ACCESS Access to the public clearly available and marked with signage or without restrictions."Teueothwolisfnlyaprnl LIMITED CONTROLLED ACCESS Access is somewhat controlled based on heueo tewrl isfn lyap snl some restrictions. matter, and the world can be pUreserved in health VERY LIMITED ACCESS Access is very closely controlled and very restricted. ~~only by the forbearance and care of a multitude NO ACCESS No access permitted by the public. of persons." -Wendell Berry "The Unsettling of Amnerica"~ 6 HOW N SOM .1 x OLLUCH MIAKU 11") JASM i 7 FOREWORD South Carolina's beaches mean more than recreational opportunities and They added $84 million to the state's coffers and contributed $14.2 million in aesthetic pleasure for the state's residents and guests; they represent economic local taxes. The impact on the region is difficult to overstate; tourism provides well being. the economic basis for the area. Travel and tourism is the second largest industry in the state, bringing in an And the picture is the same at other coastal destinations. Charleston's revenue estimated $4.2 billion in 1987 and providing jobs, directly and indirectly, for from tourism was $544 million in 1986, with a sizeable portion coming from 143,000 South Carolinians. It's estimated that income generated by the industry resorts at Kiawah Island, Seabrook Island and Wild Dunes, as well as beaches will jump to $4.7 billion in 1988. Taxes from travel and tourism account for such as those at the Isle of Palms and Folly Beach. Charleston began as an nearly 10 percent of the state's general fund, which decreases each resident's tax important port city, owing its existence to its location. Today, it combines history bill. and unique charm with its beaches and islands to make tourism the city's leading In this vital and thriving industry, beaches play a crucial role in attracting two- industry. thirds of the State's total tourism business to the coastal area. The coastal areas found in the Lowcountry region are the state's third largest Myrtle Beach and the Grand Strand communities accounted for nearly 40 draw, accounting for $494 million in revenue and more than 12,000 jobs. percent of expenditures by visitors, making it easily the state's number one draw Vacation spots such as Fairfield Ocean Ridge and Edisto Island in Colleton as a destination. In second and third places are Charleston and the Lowcountry, County and the historic town of Beaufort draw visitors with their special appeal, further testimony to the coast's attraction among travelers. but the most visited destination within the region is Hilton Head Island. The five coastal counties make up nearly 70 percent of collections for the The island is the largest between New Jersey and Florida, and since its South Carolina accommodation tax, a two-percent levy on transient lodgings, development beginning in the 1950s, has served as a model for resort islands Coastal destinations contributed $9 billion of the overall $13.1 billion in along the East Coast. Hilton Head's tropic-like setting for outstanding golf and accommodations tax revenue for the 12-month period ending in March 1988. tennis facilities and upscale accommodations have given the island an Because the law specifies that each county area and municipality benefits from international reputation and made it a key element in South Carolina's these accommodations tax collections, everyone in the state shares in this international marketing campaign. It's an important destination for Western profitable coastal tourism business. Europeans, who brought $8.6 million into the state in 1986. Vacationers enjoy all the pastimes found at resorts - golf and tennis, Because the beaches are such a crucial factor in South Carolina's economy, the amusement parks, shopping and restaurants - but these are all secondary to the coastal tourism industry and state agencies, including the Department of Parks, beaches. Travelers come to the South Carolina coast because of its sweeping Recreation and Tourism, are giving prominent attention to the beaches and other stretches of surf and sand. The beaches provide a common element of enjoyment, coastal attractions in their marketing programs. Tourism industry officials also whether vacationers are families with young children, teenagers, single travelers, recognize the importance of safeguarding the beaches and are pursuing the honeymooners, or retired couples. Coastal destinations also cut across income creation of a beachfront management plan and protective measures such as beach lines, with beaches for families on budgets as well as for travelers accustomed to nourishment. four-star accommodations. In short, the forecast for the state's tourism industry is sustained prosperity. Along the Grand Strand, vacationers spent an estimated $1.5 billion in 1986 The coastal area and its beaches will continue to provide the number one and provided jobs for more than 36,000 people, with a payroll of $296 million. attraction for South Carolina's ever-growing number of visitors. 8 J~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~J.. '"~~~~~~~~~~' \ 'N \ \t , STAZONE/rHO R R Ys \ : j A /, a S''9./ , / GEORGETOWN %. - (K~~~~~" - N~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~. O~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ,,~~~~~~~~ COASETAZO NE ~ .o ~RY :: / -tf: '~~i G~~~~~ ~/ z~~~~~~ / \, )--,-"-'w' 5 METHODOLOGY The South Carolina Public Beach and Coastal Access Guide is the result of a residents and tourists alike. This publication, along with the accompanying data year of hard work and cooperation from over 300 local, state, federal and base, is the first collection of South Carolina public access information in commercial agencies and individuals which manage outdoor recreation lands and response to the Committee's mandate. The inventory information provided by facilities. The purpose of this project was to inventory all public beach and this project will serve as baseline data to begin to see what public access exists and coastal water access in South Carolina from the Intracoastal Waterway to the where improvements can be made. Atlantic Ocean. This Guide will show what is available along our diverse South The planning stages for this project began in June of 1987. A conference was Carolina coastline concerning all types of coastal recreation ... from boating and held in North Charleston to familiarize politicians, legislators, government fishing to camping and reaching the beach. officials, and citizens about the project strategy and to solicit public input. A draft Public beach access, or the public's ability to get to the beach and legally have survey questionnaire was distributed and comments encouraged until the end of use of that beach, has been examined in many coastal states. The states of November. From November 1987 until February 1988 data was collected from California and Florida have each published coastal access guides several years ago, 264 local, state, federal, and commercial facilities located in our study area from and we are indeed grateful for those landmark publications which provided the Intracoastal Waterway to the Atlantic Ocean. The result of some of that guidance for our first South Carolina Guide. database is what is reflected in this Guide. We anticipate further reports and When Senator James Waddell appointed the Blue Ribbon Committee on more detailed analysis studies on various localities to result from this initial Beachfront Management to investigate the needs of comprehensive beach publication. We also would appreciate comments and feedback from the public management in October 1986, South Carolina's look at long-term solutions took as they use the Guide to assist us in improving an updated edition. Finally, we a serious turn. Among the Committee's findings was a need to preserve existing would like to extend our sincere appreciation to the numerous participants who access and to promote increased public access to South Carolina beaches for made this project become a reality. INTRODUCTION Beach access is an important issue to everyone in South Carolina. As demand crunching storms and erosion. Hardly anyone, resident or visitor, leaves here for more public beach land increases and available supply decreases, everyone has without experiencing a sort of richness, of invigoration, of renewal of spirit, that become concerned about the future of our beaches. only a visit to the coast can bring. Public access to the South Carolina coast poses a growing concern and For all of us that enjoy and treasure the South Carolina shoreline, the South management dilemma for our state as it does with other coastal states. Issues Carolina Public Beach and Coastal Access Guide was produced to show us where affecting access to our beaches and coastal waters are multi-faceted. Solutions to to go, what to find, and what is available concerning outdoor recreation lands, providing more public beach access involve finding delicate balances between activities, facilities, and restrictions. It was also designed to educate the public development and conservation, limited budgets and growing demand, and various about the unique characteristics of each area, to inform them of access and use methods of protecting our shoreline. limitations, and to foster a new awareness about the importance of providing Ironically, a healthy shoreline is the key to South Carolina's $4.7 billion recreation on active, passive, and restrictive levels. We hope that you will take the tourism industry. This fragile area, upon which much of the state depends, also time to contact the area you plan to visit prior to your departure to make your attracts development and industrial growth which can diminish our quality of life outdoor trip more enjoyable and to make sure items in the Guide have not if not managed wisely. When it comes to our coastal zone, everyone and every changed. special interest wants their piece of pie. Because competition is so severe here, Several sites along the coast included in the Guide wanted to emphasize their wise management is crucial in order to satisfy all of our future needs. restrictive status. The Tom Yawkey Wildlife Center, the Santee Coastal Reserve, Many efforts are underway to enhance public beach access. South Carolina the Waccamaw River Tract, Hobcaw Barony, Capers Island, Pritchards Island, Department of Parks, Recreation and Tourism plans to request a large portion of Whooping Crane Pond, and some other more remotely primitive sites prefer that a $1 million allottment to be earmarked for beach access through funds in the public use be recognized as very restricted. These sites are the "wilderness gems" Recreation Land Trust Fund. The South Carolina Coastal Council also is along our coast and the inclusion of them in our Guide was to inform the public interested in funding additional projects which enhance public beach and coastal about their use restrictions. Hopefully, by educating the public through various access. means such as this Guide, we will instill a greater appreciation and sense of The coast is by far our richest natural resource. South Carolinians are indeed respect that these environmentally sensitive areas deserve. quite lucky to have a 198-mile coastline of such great diversity - for tourism, for We must make great strides now to preserve our coastal diversity and heritage. industry, for recreation, for wildlife, and for quiet leisure moments. We all are The S.C. Public Beach and Coastal Access Guide is but one step in response to the proud steward of more than 420,000 acres of salt marsh, comprising some 20 the challenge researchers and manager's face. More accurate coastal resource percent of the available salt marsh along the entire East Coast. South Carolina information needs to be collected and disseminated on a systematic basis. This is beaches posses a wide range of character, from the densely populated Grand our best foundation for assurance that our coast will remain in an ecologically Strand area down to its 16 barrier islands that protect our mainland from ocean healthy, manageable state for perpetuity. 10 -.Al Li shimme Immommimmem IN foal I B. I sign a 'I k- I I -100110 ,..a .1 we I III Irish i foal -F N illy m1d 111111111111101 I LIn 1"11 PUBLIC ACCESS UNDER SOUTH CAROLINA LAW South Carolina law does not require that an oceanfront or other coastal While there are two avenues for private land to be considered a public access in resource developer must provide any type of public access to the resource. South Carolina against a property owner's wishes (prescriptive casement and However, once any access is provided or established, South Carolina law will implied dedication), there are very, few cases from the coastal area dealing with protect the continuation of such access for the benefit of the public. South these avenues. The reason presumed for this is that a great deal of public access Carolina is actually blessed with a myriad of public access points along its already exists in the coastal areas. However, if anyone challenged the public's Atlantic Ocean shoreline. Almost all of the municipalities and counties which right to continue using an access way to the coastal resources in the coastal area of have developed streets perpendicular to the ocean have provided that those South Carolina, the courts would have to determine whether a legal right had streets are for access to the beach in perpetuity. These access ways, usually called vested in the public or not based on these theories. "~street ends," are often wide enough for limited parking in addition to pedestrian access. In some cases, however, the access retained by the local government is too small for any parking, and only pedestrian access is allowed. South Carolina law contains the concept that the state owns all of the lands below the mean high water mark. This presumption in ownership may be overturned if the property owner can show a clear chain of title leading all the way back to either a King's Grant (from the King of England) or a Grant from the Legislature of the state. Although not definitively answered by the courts as of yet, there is also a presumption that those areas below the mean high water mark are open for public use including recreation use, even if they are privately owned. This presumption is based on a concept called the Public Trust Doctrine which has its roots in ancient Roman and English law. The Public Trust Doctrine originated with the concept that the King or ruler of the country held such common area as the river beds and shore lands under water for the benefit of the public. The uses protected under such ownership, referred to as the jus publicum, were deemed originally to include navigation and fishing by the public. In more modern times across the nation, however, this public use concept has been broadened slightly to include recreational pursuits as well. Additionally, some courts have held that the Public Trust Doctrine would apply to any lands subject to the ebb and flood of the tide without regard to navigability in fact. In South Carolina this means that the beaches and the other tidally influenced water bodies along our coast have a right reserved for the public for use and enjoyment regardless of their ownership. However, caution must be used when in such tidally influenced areas so that one does not trespass across that boundary onto strictly private property. South Carolina's Constitution declares that all of the state's waterways, rivers and streams shall be open and forever free as public highways. Public access to these waters, however, is not required of any developer or landowner. There are state programs which try to provide adequate public access to South Carolina' s waters by purchasing property and developing it into boat ramps or other public facilities. Although none have been constructed in recent years, piers leading out into the ocean were once a primary and very popular method of gaining access to the nearshore coastal waters for fishing and other recreation. Access to our coastal waters is also available by paying a fee to those people who have received federal and state permits to develop access facilities such as marinas and private boat ramps. 12 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~SCAL - o1tMrI..d'.__ h.S/. ~ ...I:YG VEEC ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~,Vre eoilHistoia Garen _ 2. Palmetto S~~~~~~~~~.hore POP~~~~~. Harbu GaeMaiaVilg Look. ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ n OCEAN Sout BEACH Ra34MILE Noah myril. R .~~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~. Mcea Park An BRRLUFFE CE ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~NTSEAm 10. CeenMmra itorial Garden 11. Cherrdy Grov Fishing Pier 12. CheVrgil GYoe Park 16 .2d v.Suh otRm EASTERNP OYSTtER oysters. Therefore, intertidal oysters are subjected to less predation than oysters which grow sub-tidally. The blue crab, as well as other crab species, oyster drills, Crassostrea virginica starfish and boring sponges are the main causes of mortality, especially among small oysters. The South Carolina oyster fishery is based entirely on the eastern oyster. Intertidal oysters occur in all of South Carolina's estuarine areas. The South Although other oysters grow on the west coast, no other commercially important Carolina coast contains a number of sounds, bays and river mouths which are oyster species occurs on the east coast. The oyster is one of the most popular connected by an intricate system of creeks and rivers separated by extensive local seafoods. It is readily available and can be served in a variety of appetizing saltwater marsh. Oysters occur along most of these creeks and riverbanks and on ways. Oysters are not only palatable, but also contain a number of healthful exposed mud flats. vitamins, minerals, carbohydrates and proteins. The shapes of intertidal oysters are varied. Ultimate shape of the shell depends The oyster is a suspension feeder. Opening and closing of the oyster are upon the growing conditions. The most common type of local intertidal growth is controlled by an adductor muscle attached to each shell. Food and other that which produces oyster clusters. These are formed by successive sets, one particulate matter suspended in the water are drawn into the oyster by the motion upon another. Each oyster in a cluster is used by succeeding generations. The of small, fringe-like whips, called cilia, located on the gills. The quantity of water cluster continues to grow as each new set occurs. Sometimes clusters reach a foot pumped by a large, healthy oyster may approach four gallons per hour. Food or more in thickness. The added weight of additional individuals tends to push particles retained by the gills are conducted by ciliary action to the mouth and the lowermost oysters into the mud where they eventually suffocate. Only the then to the stomach of the oyster. Matter brought into the shell, but not passed outermost oysters remain alive. through the mouth, is collected by mucous on the gills and then discharged. Large Intertidal oysters are also found in groups known as oyster rocks. Oyster rocks amounts of silt are rejected in this manner. This function apparently allows them are formed by oysters growing on a firm foundation of dead shells. Successive to survive in waters of high turbidity, which occur in many estuaries. sets occur, joining clusters together to form a continuous group. Over a period of Spawning begins in the spring when the water temperature exceeds 70 degrees years, layers of oysters are laid one upon another, and the oyster rock may grow Fahrenheit. Individual oysters are capable of alternating sexes, although the sexes to several feet thick. The lowermost oysters die of suffocation or starvation; only are, at any given time, separate. In South Carolina, spawning generally occurs the uppermost oysters remain alive. Eventually, if this process is unaltered, the from April to October and is intensive during the summer months. The sperm elevation of the oyster rocks will increase to a point where marsh will begin to and eggs are released directly into the water column where fertilization and the grow in mud trapped among the oysters. A marsh island with the dead oysters as early stages of development occur. a substrate develops, resulting in ultimate destruction of the oyster bed. Free-swimming larvae develop in approximately 24 hours. Locomotion is Recreational oystering, the harvesting of oysters by individuals for personal produced by controlled movements of the cilia combined with the effects of tide consumption, is a popular activity. Care must be taken to harvest only from and currents. After one to three weeks these free-swimming larvae sink to the authorized areas. In South Carolina, oyster-growing areas generally fall into one of bottom where they must locate a hard, clean surface for permanent attachment. If three categories, including privately leased grounds, State Shellfish Grounds and a place for attachment cannot be found, the larvae sink to the bottom and die. If a Public Oyster Grounds. The South Carolina Wildlife and Marine Resources suitable surface for attachment is found, the larva secretes a fluid that cements the Department maintains the last two areas for public harvesting. left shell permanently to the object. When this attachment has been Public Oyster Grounds are areas where South Carolina residents can gather accomplished, a set is said to have occurred. Unless removed by some external oysters for their personal use. Commercial harvesting is not permitted. The force, the oyster will never move again. Almost any hard, clean surface is boundaries of these areas currently are marked with metal signs which read: acceptable for attachment. However, oyster shells appear to be the most-favored "Public Oyster Grounds, Commercial Harvesting Prohibited, Marine Resources surface. Oyster shells that are purposely placed or planted to induce a set are Division, S.C.W.M.R.D." The State Shellfish Grounds are open to recreational known as clutch. shell fishermen and also, by permit, to commercial shell fishermen. These After attachment occurs, these small oysters are called spat. In southern waters grounds are marked with metal signs which read: '"State Shellfish Grounds, Public there is a nearly continuous setting of spat during warm weather. This frequently Harvesting Permitted, S.C.W.M.R.D." produces overcrowding and results in thin, elongated oysters. Most east coast There are several regulations with which the recreational harvester must oysters north of Cape Fear, North Carolina, are sub-tidal, growing on bottoms comply in addition to harvesting only in authorized areas. There is a specified that are covered with water throughout the tidal cycle. South of Cape Fear to season on oysters. It is unlawful to harvest between May 1 and September 15 northeastern Florida, most oysters grow intertidally in the area exposed between annually, although the Wildlife and Marine Resources Department can vary the high and low tides, although there are some isolated sub-tidal oysters growing in season as much as 15 days if conditions warrant. South Carolina. Intertidal oysters are frequently subjected to rapidly changing No license or permit is required for recreational harvesting. However, there is a temperatures, including freezing air during the winter months. However, they are definite harvesting limit of two bushels of oysters or one-half bushel of clams, per rarely killed by either low or high temperatures. person per day. Clams must be at least one inch thick and no size limit exists for Oyster predators suffer more from exposure to the atmosphere than do oysters. 17 LAKEARAOWHEAD 3~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~77L- -.~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~1E Q. ,-Es2LL lil (wn CE7 SCALE 7 7 2 3 4 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~MILES 7 0 ~ ~1 2 4 6 KILOMETERS SI Sieccen MYRTLE BEACH ~~~~1. Sherwood Forest KOA Campground Raceway c~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~2. Myrtle Beach Travel Park * .7. ~~~~~~~~3. Apache Family Campground -, ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~4. Frank Beckham Complex 5. Chapin Park * ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~6. Pier 14 Restaurant and Lounge 7. Pavilion 8.Canal Street Recreation Center 9. 2nd Ave. Fishing Pier MYRTIJ: ~~~~~~~10. Myrtle Beach KOA Campground 11. Midway Park 12. Hurls Rock Park They are also the subject of many photographic reminders of pleasant visits to coastal beaches and bridgetop views of fishing villages. Smaller shrimp trawlers provide secondary incomes to hundreds of State residents and recreation and freezer-fill to many more. Incidentally taken fish and crabs contribute added value and options in the seafood market. The communities of Edisto Beach, Rockville, and Awendaw, to name a few, rely heavily on the trawler fishery economically. Coastwide up to $19 million annually is earned by trawler fishermen and literally millions of meals are produced from this saltwater resource alone. Annual cycles in animal life allow for the characteristic of renewability. This is well shown by the blue crab, inhabitant of all salty waters of South Carolina. A ten-legged hardback, this fishery product is the raw material of a Lowcountry delicacy - she-crab, or for that matter he-crab, soup. Each year a new generation of blue crabs becomes available to trap fishermen from Little River at the North Carolina line to Turtle Island near Georgia. Protection of sponge crabs, females COMMERCIAL MARINE RESOURCES with eggs, and of small crabs helps to ensure next year's crop. OF SOUTH CAROLINA Blue crab processing, or crab-picking, employs hundreds in the areas of Burton, Frogmore, Yemassee, and McClellanville while providing a nutritious menu The marine related resources of South Carolina add a lot to our quality of life option for hundreds of thousands of American householders who can't go catch in the Palmetto State. Some are long-term constants such as rivers and beaches, their own. Hard working men in small boats make this one of our more colorful marshes and barrier islands which will continue to make life nice for us as long as and valuable commercial fisheries. Off-the-boat payments to crabbers amount to we don't pollute them to a distasteful condition. Others are more short-lived but nearly $1 million for the 5 to 7 million pounds taken annually. Publicly still self-perpetuating in the absence of overuse or abuse by the human species. maintained boat landings provide safe river access for many trap fishermen. These biological resources have made life livable for uncounted generations as Others rely on tie-up space at local crab buyer docks. food and through sport and just by their beauty and appealing natures. Even the mud of South Carolina's creeks and rivers produce delicious and Several of the saltwater animal species occurring here have a unique valuable seafoods. Imagine digging up quarters and dimes on State-owned combination of qualities which put them in a special category of natural grounds open to the public. In a sense commercial clam diggers do so but are resources. Each has an appeal to mankind as a tasteful and healthful diet harvesting clams at those values instead. Licensed shellfish harvesters are able to component; each has a reproductive capacity and growth rate sufficient to gather oysters and clams from such public areas and from private areas under maintain large quantities to supply our demands; and each is within reach of the cultivation permits from the State. The traditional oyster fishery of crabs and boats and gear of local and transient fishermen. These species are the bateaus, gloves and crocus sacks supplies the backyard oyster roast, the steam commercially important seafoods that contribute to the good name of coastal cannery, and the fresh hand-shucked product in the grocery cooler. South Carolina. They enhance the food processing, restaurant, and tourism The deep water dredges and the hand held rakes supply the clams on the half components of her economy. Their fisheries employ many resident families and shell and clam chowders of local reputation and the restaurants and soup support the balance of trade for South Carolina. canneries of far off states. In excess of $2 million annually is realized from these Coastal commercial fishery production in our State is valued at $15 to $25 shared natural shellfish resources. million annually, and that is just the value to the fishermen, shrimpers, and This brief study of the Palmetto State's fisheries shows us that all fisheries shellfish harvesters who make the catches. A great deal more value is added by aren't for fish. Likewise, all fish aren't for fisheries. There are many more types of their processing, fresh retail sales, and restaurant preparation all of which are fish that have no direct commercial value than there are those that do. They widespread in coastal and upstate counties. The monetary values of fishery comprise a major part of the food web that is the nebulous energy system of life products at dockside are easily doubled and often increased four fold when they in the aquatic environment. But still there are about 60 species of finfishes in reach their consumers. The value of commercial fisheries business could be coastal and marine waters that are sought by South Carolina based fishermen. measured in hundreds of millions of dollars when vessels, boats, gear, shoreside Boats of all sizes using strange sounding gadgets like one armed bandits, gangions, facilities, sales facilities, and vehicles are considered. and high rise roller rigs seek out the snappers and swordfish, groupers and porgies The shrimp trawler fishery has long been the most obvious and important of the deep while netters and trappers capture spots and blackfish in more commercial fishery in South Carolina. Depending on the outlook for the crop of shallow coastal waters. Finfishes of all sorts give support to gill netters without shrimp available in a season, from 700 to 1200 watercraft are licensed to trawl in boats, to swordfishermen on 90-foot steel hulls, and to those same shrimp any year. The large double-rigged vessels with broadly reaching outriggers sweep trawlers pulling near the beach. Their economic value at first sale from fishermen the smooth bottom of near-coastal waters for white, brown, and pink shrimp. exceeds $5 million in most years. 19 7 / &IH I OIE( I HA.I 1 SPAINGMAID VELA( K S~~~~~~~~~~~~IT /A~' "~~ ~~ . *.~~~~ .223 ./~~~~' /1/474 LONGBAVLSTATLS~~PP. ,52 03~ ~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~2 4 MLE -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~2 Springmaid Fishin Pierp -~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~5 Soae B o a t ID BEandin SW~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~6 ageMarnPot adn 4E . - ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~1. EontepisBotLnd Sing 12. Kpingfaishe Fishing Pier 20~~~_ 13. Hauekpr Marina Ba adn ESTUARIES: A Vital Resource South Carolina is blessed with an abundance of one of the most productive characteristics depending on their geographic location. South Carolina's estuaries habitats in the world - the estuary. This wetland area is defined by scientists as consist of two primary types: bar-built and coastal plain or drowned river valley "...a semi-enclosed coastal body of water having a free connection with the open estuaries. Bar-built estuaries, such as North Inlet and Murrell's Inlet, are formed sea and within which the sea water is measurably diluted with freshwater runoff." behind a bar or barrier island while drowned river valley estuaries, such as the Therefore, all the open water and marsh areas from the seaward edge of the Santee Delta area, are formed at the mouths of rivers. Although their shape, coastal inlets and harbors to the upper reaches of the rivers and creeks, where the structure and hydrology may be different, these two types of estuaries serve salinity is less than a few parts per thousand, are considered estuarine. equally important ecological roles. Early ecological studies found that southern saltmarsh habitats associated with Because of their proximity to the open ocean and relatively protected estuaries were more productive than even the most fertile farmland in the grain environment, estuaries are heavily utilized by man for transportation, recreation, belt states of America. It's this tremendous production of plant material that commercial and industrial development, and national defense. It has been drives the complex food web supporting numerous finfish and shellfish. In fact, it predicted that by the year 2000, seventy-five percent of the U.S. population will has been suggested that estuaries are essential to over eighty percent of the live within fifty miles of the coast. These often conflicting uses pose serious recreationally and commercially important species. These unique habitats are threats to the viability of these ecologically important areas. Environmental utilized by marine animals for spawning and reproduction, feeding and controls to protect estuarine water quality and wetland habitats exist but the protection. Estuaries also serve as unique buffer zones. By taking the brunt of tremendous increase in coastal development in recent years has exceeded the coastal storms, damping the effects of flooding events, and absorbing or filtering ability of these controls to prevent further environmental degradation. Concerned many pollutants, estuaries and coastal marshes help to protect upland as well as citizens, and state and federal agencies will have to begin to work together to near shore habitats. promote comprehensive management of one of South Carolina's most valuable By definition, estuaries come in many different sizes, shapes, and hydrologic aquatic habitats - the estuary! 21 HOW UPLAND USES AFFECT THE COASTAL ZONE The land, waters, vegetation and wildlife that make up the Coastal Zone are parts of a larger natural system that reaches well inland, Simply put, activities that stress the natural environment in upland areas - from the edge of the marsh and ocean to fifty miles and more inland - can have significant repercussions for coastal resources. Upland land uses and activities can affect coastal resources by land, by water and by air. HORRY COUNTY General Sites HORRY COUNTY BY LAND Horry Co. - Garden City 1. Shoreline Modifications. Coastal shorelines move. By building at Horry Co. - Lake Arrowhead the edge of the dunes, the marsh, and along the edges of rivers and Horry Co. - Myrtle Beach St. Pk. streams, coastal land owners have made an economic investment in Vereen Memorial Historical Gardens __ ~~~~preventing the shoreline from moving. In many areas the result has been PAnMETTora SHisorica Gardens the erosion of dune systems, the armoring of shorelines and the loss of PALMETO SORES ARIN near-shore marshes. AIWW BOAT RAMP C 02. Interference with Living Resources. Waterfront activities often N. MYRTLE BEACH B OAT RAMP 0 00interfere with the natural cycles of species that use coastal resources. For HARBOUR GATE MARINA VILLAGE 00example, birds that use dune systems for nesting must go elsewhere when CHERRY GROVE FISHING PIER 000shorefront properties develop. Similarly, sea turtles will not nest on CITY OF! N. MYRTLE BEACH beaches where there are artificial lights along the shoreline. I1st Ave. S. Ocean Front Park 0 0 000*3. Change in Character. Although coastal resources attract 2ncf Ave. S. Boat Ramp 0 0 0 ~~~~~~~~~development, developments that destroy these resources can create a Cn~v. Vigi Boat Ramp visual eyesore out of what was once a pleasing aesthetic vista. C.eVirgl YwPark/NBCm.Cne 4. Roads. Roads not only bring people to the coast, but also ChenralGrv ParkNM Com-Cne concentrate people and activities in some areas, stressing resources in the Cherry Grove Park 8 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~process and accentuating the need for coastal management in the areas to Leased Parking Lots for NMB 0 C0which access is afforded. McLean Park 0 00BY WATER Ocean Front Public Walkways 0 00Water is the central component of the coastal resource system. HOLIDAY INN FISHING PIER 0000 0Consequently, the protection of coastal waters is of paramount TOWN OF ATLANTIC BEACH 0 0 00importance to the continued viability of coastal resources. SHERWOOD FOREST KOA 0000 0Water-borne pollution can reach the coastal zone in a number of MYRTLE BEACH TRAVEL PARK 0000different ways, and from a surprisingly large geographic area. APACHE FAMILY CAMPGROUND, INC. 0e01. Point Source. Coastal waters and resources can be adversely MYRTLE BEACH RECREATION DEPT. affected by direct discharges to rivers and streams. These include Archibald Rutledge Park 0 00discharges from municipal wastewater treatment facilities, industrial Balsam St. Park 0 00processing plants and manufacturing facilities. Discharges far upstream Sent Oaks Park ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~can have significant impacts on the quality of coastal waters and resources by: (1) reducing the amount of dissolved oxygen available to Canal St. Rec. Center 0 00aquatic organisms and(2 adding bceioils,chmalanmelstt Chapin Park ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~are harmful to aquatic life. However, these point source discharges are Convention Center Park 0 00subject to permitting from the South Carolina Department of Health and Frank Beckham Complex 0 000Environmental Control, and permitting standards and enforcement 22 have been strengthened in recent years. As a result, these "obvious" sources of resources than the direct discharge of untreated sewage. Recent studies in the pollution are often not the major risks to water quality and coastal resources. upper Ashley, Stono, and Wando river systems, have tentatively identified storm water runoff as the major source of water quality problems, and hence a major 2. Storm water. Land development in coastal South Carolina is characterized threat to coastal resources. The storm water management requirements now by uncoordinated and often poorly working drainage systems which funnel runoff imposed on large developments by the South Carolina Coastal Council will slow from residential areas, agricultural areas, roads and shopping centers, directly into the increase of stormwater impacts on coastal waters. However, resolution of creeks and rivers. The impact of untreated storm water cannot be understated, existing problems may well involve the correction and development of and is generally believed to be more harmful to coastal water quality and coastal comprehensive drainage systems, reaching as far as fifty miles inland. HORRY COUNTY 9 General Sites Haskell Park 6 Hurl Racks Park * 3. Waterfront Property. Drainage from waterfront properties poses Loblolly Park localized risks to coastal resources. Fertilizer, pesticides, unburned McLeod Park ( 8 8 gasoline, chemical substances and metals washed from waterfront Midway Park 0 O properties into the edges of the coastal system can have disastrous, Myrtle Street Park 8 * 8 localized effects on the propagation and survival of aquatic organisms that use the marsh and near shore habitats for food and shelter. Control of pollutant loadings from shorefront areas is largely the domain of local jurisdictions. Unfortunately, most cities and counties along the coast Parkway Park 8 8 8 have not yet controlled these sources of pollution. Pinner Place 8 8 8 4. Septic Systems. Although most new developments in the coastal Scott Dr. Park 8 8 8 zone are served by sewerage systems, many older residences use septic Settlers Point Park 8 8 8 systems. Due to high water tables and poor soil, many coastal septic Springs Park 8 8 8 systems work improperly, and can pollute coastal waters both by PIER 14 RESTAURANT & LOUNGE 8 leaching through the ground and by adding to the pollutant load carried PAVILION 8 8 8 8 8 8 into streams and storm water. This is a pervasive problem in developed PUBLIC BEACH & ACCESS POINTS (ciyoS MsB.) * 8 8 8 coastal areas, and many shellfish bed contamination problems and 2nd AVE. FISHING PIER & REST. S closings are thought to be caused by malfunctioning septic systems. To correct septage problems, and provide adequate wastewater disposal for new developments, more than $100,000,000 has been spent on coastal DOWNWIND SAILS 8 8 8 8 8 South Carolina sewerage systems over the past decade. SPRINGMAID FISHING PIER BY AIR PEBBLE BEACH FAMILY CAMPGROUND 8 8 Q 8 8 8 8 Coastal habitats and bird migration can be adversely affected by air MYRTLE BEACH STATE PARK 8 8 8 8 8 8 pollution generated from inland sources. In coastal South Carolina, PIRATELAND CAMPGROUND a 8 portions of the Cape Romain National Wildlife Refuge and the Francis LAKEWOOD CAMPING RESORT: 8 8 Marion National Forest have been designated by Congress as wilderness OCEAN LAKES FAMILY CAMPGROUND 8 8 areas, and afforded protection from pollution from inland air emissions. SURFSIDE BEACH As a result, discharges of sulfur dioxide, commonly associated with the Fuller Park t 8 burning of coal and oil, have been limited for a distance of sixty miles inland from these areas. H. Blue Huckabee Complex 8 8 8 8 8 8 SM Town of Surlside Beach SUMMARY SURFSIDE FISHING PIER, INC. 8 * In summary, upland uses and activities can affect the coastal zone in many ways. As a result, efforts to manage and protect coastal resources WACCAMAW RIVER TRACT 8 must look beyond the resources themselves, to include all the uses and KINGFISHER PIER & ARCADE 8 O activities that can jeopardize these resources. 23 HURRICANE PREPAREDNESS Residents and visitors in coastal South Carolina must be knowledgeable of and means that local and state hurricane preparedness plans must be designed for a alert to the threat of the greatest meteorological event in the world - the much larger population and for quick media dissemination. These preparedness hurricane. These massive storms have occurred in almost every month of the year plans are already in place throughout the coastal area. This article will outline but are most frequent between June and November. This hurricane season South Carolina's hurricane preparedness activities and what you should do in the corresponds with a larger part of the tourist season in South Carolina which event a hurricane threatens our area. Actitie COUNT oHuricane preparedness plans are designed and implemented by the County Activiti~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Eergnc Preparedness Directors. Each County Hurricane Preparedness Plan ~~~ ~ divides the county into evacuation zones. The primary evacuation routes are HORRY COUNTY evaluated for capacity and compared to the population in each zone, including Horry Co..- Garden City *projected tourist populations. An analysis of this information allows the directors Horry Co. - Lake Arrowhead to calculate the amount of lead time needed to safely evacuate the population of Horry Co. - Myrtle Beach St. Pk. S5all the zones in the face of an approaching hurricane. Vereen Memorial Historical Gardens ~~~~The County Emergency Preparedness Directors have been assisted in their PALenMETTOra SHisORiclGrES M AIN planning efforts by the State Disaster Preparedness Division (under the Adjutant AIWW BOAT RAMP GnrlsOffice), t eFdrlEmergency M aaeetAgency, teNtoa N. MYRTLE BEACH BOAT RAMP ~~~~~~~~Weather Service, the United States Army Corps of Engineers and the South N. MYRTLE BEACH BOAT RAMP S ~~~~~~~~Carolina Coastal Council. Each of these agencies has contributed to the HARBOUR GATE MARINA VILLAGE S development of the best and most up-to-date preparedness plans possible. South CHERRY GROVE FISHING PIER se*Carolina is a leader in this type of work. Computer models and programs play a CITY OF N. MYRTLE BEACH large role in the planning and response effort. Annual updates, training and public Ist Ave. ~.Ocean Front Park S *education programs keep South Carolina on the forefront of hurricane 2nd Ave. S. Boat Ramp Spreparedness. C. Virgil Yow Park SAs a resident or a tourist, there are several things you must do to be prepared Central Park/NMB Comm. Center when a hurrican threatens our coast. First, be alert for official bulletins of the Cherry Grove Park National Weather Service or County Disaster Preparedness Office. Newscasters Leased Parking Lots for NMB and newspapers may give some highlighted information about a hurricane, but the McLean Park _-official bulletins should be your primary response motivator. Second, be aware OenFront Public Walkways '~-of the following terminology: Ocean 5 0 * S ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~1) Hurricane Watch - which means an existing hurricane has the potential to HOLIDAY INN FISHING PIER head in your direction; take your preparatory steps now - fill your car with gas; TOWN OF ATLANTIC BEACH 5@55S find out where your evacuation route is and where it goes; review your personal SHERWOOD FOREST KOA * S 5S evacuation plan; be alert for further -official bulletins. MYRTLE BEACH TRAVEL PARK S5 0 52) Hurricane Warning - which means a hurricane is predicted to move into APACHE FAMILY CAMPGROUND, INC. * S your area within a very short time (12 hours may be the most warning time you MYRTLE BEACH RECREATION DEPT. get); you should take action to protect your life and property; implement your Archibald Rutledge Park personal hurricane preparedness plan; listen for official bulletins to see if you Balsam SL Park should evacuate from your particular area, and if you have to evacuate, let Bent Oaks Park someone outside of the area know where you are going. Canal St. Rec. Center 5For more information about preparing your personal preparedness plan and Chapin Park * *evacuation zone and route, and about the local hurricane preparedness plan, call Convention Center Park ~~~~~~~~~~ or write the County Emergency or Disaster Preparedness Director or Civil Convention Center Park ~~~~~~~~~~Defense Director listed in the blue pages of the phone book. You may also Frank. Beckham Complex contact the National Weather Service for additional information. 24 o/.*//DEVELOPMENT AND CONSERVATION HORRY COUNTY / ,,IN COASTAL SOUTH CAROLINA: Activities W /Fgcvf lDichotomies Working Together Haskell Park South Carolina's coastal counties have an average population growth Hurl Rocks Park rate of 40%, due in large measure to the quality of life associated with Loblolly Park our myriad waterways, beaches, and coastal wildlife. Development on the McLeod Park coast is accompanied by commercial and residential construction, as well Midway Park - as a multitude of services to accommodate a visitor influx that approaches 30 million people each year; these activities frequently result Myrtle Street Park OMyrle Street Park in poorly-understood alterations to the natural resources upon which Oakn Forest Memorial Park development depends. Ocean Forest Memorial Park 0 These alterations have often led to conflict between "developers" and Parkway Park "conservationists". However, there is a growing awareness that the Pinner Place 8 primary concern in these conflicts should not be how to defeat the Scott Dr. Park opposing view, but rather to identify means through which coastal Settlers Point Park resources can be protected or even enhanced while simultaneously Springs Park achieving economic benefit. Development can raise the perceived value of PIER 14 RESTAURANT & LOUNGE * * natural resources, increasing the incentive for their management. PAVILION Q Conservation can help ensure that the economic potentials represented in PUBLIC BEACH& ACCESS POINTS (cayofMMB.) * * * * * * hi * our coastal resources will continue to be available in the future. 2nd AVE. FISHING PIER & REST. f mD .Parks, for example, improve access to natural resources as well as MYRTLE BEACH KOA 8 R E S provide a framework for managing these resources and improving public understanding of their importance. Well-designed commercial or DOWNWIND SAILS O O residential developments can include "green spaces" that preserve SPRINGMAID FISHING PIER 8 @ l important natural features and provide an alternative to unplanned PEBBLE BEACH FAMILY CAMPGROUND *f * 1 t"sprawls." Properly sited marinas, by concentrating boating activities, MYRTLE BEACH STATE PARK 8 8 O 0 8 0 8 can simplify management of these activities and divert impacts from PIRATELAND CAMPGROUND 8 / o 8 8 8 8 particularly critical coastal areas. LAKEWOOD CAMPING RESORT 8 8 * * O 8 * * 8 Development and conservation need not be mutually exclusive. Many OCEAN LAKES FAMILY CAMPGROUND 8 8 0 8 8 O of our current environmental problems are rooted in such a SURFSIDE BEACH "compartmentalized" approach. The alternative is to pursue development Fuller Park 3 O that helps protect the natural resources upon which economic potential H. Blue Huckabee Complex O depends, and to pursue conservation that helps alleviate economic Town ol Surfside Beach pressures that have stimulated destructive practices in the past. This is a new ethic for conservation and development; an ethic essential to our SURFSIDE FISHING PIER, INC. 8 8 future quality of life. Adoption of this approach is not solely the concern WACCAMAW RIVER TRACT 8 8 8 of a few agencies or coastal residents; it is a challenge to all people who KINGFISHER PIER & ARCADE use and benefit from South Carolina's coastal resources. 25 HORRY COUNTY Facilities '/ HORRY COUNTY Horry Co. - Garden City Horry Co. - Lake Arrowhead Horry Co. - Myrtle Beach St. Pk. Vereen Memorial Historical Gardens PALMETTO SHORES MARINA AIWW BOAT RAMP N. MYRTLE BEACH BOAT RAMP 6 HARBOUR GATE MARINA VILLAGE CHERRY GROVE FISHING PIER 66 CITY OF N. MYRTLE BEACH lot Ave. S. Ocean Front Park 6 2nd Ave. S. Boat Ramp C. Virgil Yow Park Central Park/NMB Comm. Center Cherry Grove Park Leased Parking Lots for NMB McLean Park 6 Ocean Front Public Walkways HOLIDAY INN FISHING PIER 6 TOWN OF ATLANTIC BEACH 6 SHERWOOD FOREST KOA MYRTLE BEACH TRAVEL PARK 6 APACHE FAMILY CAMPGROUND, INC. 6 MYRTLE BEACH RECREATION DEPT. Archibald Rutledge Park Balsam St. Park Bent Oaks Park Canal St. Rec. Center Chapin Park Convention Center Park Frank Beckham Complex 6 6 66 26 HORRY COUNTY Facilities Haskell Park Hurl Rocks Park Loblolly Park McLeod Park Midway Park @ Myrtle Street Park Oak Park Ocean Forest Memorial Park Parkway Park Pinner Place Scott Dr. Park Settlers Point Park Springs Park PIER 14 RESTAURANT & LOUNGE 0 0 0 PAVILION 0 0 PUBLIC BEACH &ACCESS POINTS (cityof M.B .) 2nd AVE. FISHING PIER & REST. S 0 0 0 MYRTLEBEACHKOA 0 0 0 / DOWNWIND SAILS SPRINGMAID FISHING PIER @ 0 @ PEBBLE BEACH FAMILY CAMPGROUND 0 0 MYRTLE BEACHSTATEPARK 0 0 0 0 0 0 ( PIRATELAND CAMPGROUND 00 0 0 0 6 0 @ LAKEWOOD CAMPING RESORT 0 S 0 0 00 0 0 OCEAN LAKES FAMILY CAMPGROUND 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 SURFSIDE BEACH Fuller Park 0 0 H. Blue Huckabee Complex Town of Surfside Beach 0 0 0 SURFSIDE FISHING PIER, INC. 0 i 0 0 WACCAMAW RIVER TRACT KINGFISHER PIER & ARCADE I 0 2 7 0 27 HORRY COUNTY Environment/Access /d' # HORRY COUNTY lHarry Co. - Garden City Harry Co. - Lake ArrowheadBE C RE UR S M N Harry Co. - Myrtle Beach St. Pk. B EC 0 0URSH 0 PALnMemTora SH sorESa Gardens Modern coastal engineering provides three strategies for coping with the effects PALMETTO SHORES MARINA ~~~~~~~~~~ of rising sea level and periodic large storms: armor the shoreline, retreat from the AIWW BOAT RAMP 0shoreline or rpeihthe shoreline. Shoreline arosuch as sewal and dyes N. MYRTLE BEACH BOAT RAMP ~~~~~~~~is an excellent engineering solution to a retreating shoreline. Examples are found HARBOUR GATE MARINA VILLAGE 0worldwide. Unfortunately, these structures do not naturally coexist with sandy CHERRY GROVE FISHING PIER 000 0beaches. CITY OF N. MYRTLE BEACH South Carolina in 1988 enacted a Comprehensive Beachfront Management bill Ist Ave. S. Ocean Front Park S that prohibits vertical erosion control devices. The bill establishes a setback line 2nd Ave. S. Boat Ramp landward of a baseline at a distance of 40 times the annual erosion rate with a C. Virgil Yaw Park "dead zone" of 20 feet. The bill disallows new habitable structures from being Central Park/NMB Comm. Center constructed in the erosion zone with the exception of single family homes of no Cherry Grove Park more than 5,000 square feet. Leased Parking Lots for NMB 0 0 0 ~~~The General Assembly in 1988 also appropriated funds for projects to Leaed arkng otsforN0 renourish beaches. Mc~ean FotPubi arkwy000 0 Beach renourishment is the addition of a large volume of sand to a beach to Ocean Front Public Walkways ~~~~~~move the natural shoreline seaward. Careful studies must be performed, often HOLIDAY INN FISHING PIER 0000years before the project, to understand the natural shoreline system. These TOWN OF ATLANTIC BEACH 0000studies result in a renourishment plan. The plan identifies the source for the sand. SHERWOOD FOREST KOA 00 00These sources could be offshore sand deposits, tidal deltas or inland sand MYRTLE BEACH TRAVEL PARK 0 0 0 00quarries. The renourishment plan also stipulates how to transport the sand to the APACHE FAMILY CAMPGROUND, INC. 0e0intended beach, The sand might be collected by a dredge and pumped through MYRTLE BEACH RECREATION DEPT. pipes to the beach. If the source is a sand quarry it will probably be hauled to the Archibald Rutledge Park beach by trucks -many trucks. In some cases it is possible to deposit the sand at Balsam St. Park a specific location, known as a "feeder beach'", and allow natural currents to Bent Oaks Park distribute it over a broad area. Sometimes the newly deposited sand must be Canal St. Rec. Center ~~~~~~~~~~graded to create dunes and a desired beach slope. ChapnPal Rc etrk Changes in the shoreline must be carefully monitored by beach surveys. South Carolina's beaches are surveyed every six months and following a major storm. Convention Center Park The survey data is necessary to develop the renourishment plan and to evaluate Frank Beckham Complex the success of the project. 28 HORRY COUNTY i Envlironmlent/Access Haskell Park Hurl Rocks Park 0 8 8 Loblolly Park McLeod Park Midway Park Myrtle Street Park Modern beach renourishment plans usually call for both restoration and Oak Park nourishment. When a shoreline has become seriously eroded it must first be Ocean Forest Memorial Park restored to a size that provides a useful public beach at high tide and enough sand Parkway Park to assure good storm protection. This is called beach restoration. After the beach Pinner Place is restored sand will need to be added periodically to maintain the wide beach. Scott Dr. Park This part of the plan is called nourishment or renourishment. Settlers Point Park The success of a beach renourishment project directly depends on the size of Springs Park the project. The larger the segment of beach renourished the longer the sand will PIER 14 RESTAURANT & LOUNGE 8 * * remain. The cost of maintaining a well nourished beach is prohibitive for *PAVILION * *D * 3 \individual or small communities. Thus any beach nourishment project is likely to PAVILIC BEACH & ACCESS PON (cityi mQ .) be large enough to generate serious environmental considerations. Some of the PUBLIC BEACH & ACCESS POINTS (cib or M.B.) 8 8 , , 2nd AVE. FISHING PIER & REST. ~ 1 E questions might be; 2nd VE. FISHING PIER REST. - How will the mining of sand impact the source environment? MYRTLE BEACH KOA - If sand is transported by truck then by what route and what will be the DOWNWIND SAILS 0 0 9 impact on the road, the road environment, traffic, etc.? SPRINGMAID FISHING PIER 8 0 8 0 - How will the mining or nourishment affect natural currents, and how will PEBBLE BEACH FAMILY CAMPGROUND 0 0 0 this affect erosion in nearby areas? MYRTLE BEACH STATE PARK 8 0 8 3 - How much sand can be mined without adversely affecting the source? PIRATELAND CAMPGROUND 1 O @ O 0 - How may the project affect life forms and biological systems? LAKEWOOD CAMPING RESORT 8 O * - What will be the effect on the environment if the project is not done? OCEAN LAKES FAMILY CAMPGROUND * * O * Permitting agencies must seek answers to these and often many other questions. SURFSIDE BEACH Project approval and assistance must be obtained from numerous state, federal Fuller Park and local agencies. H.BFuller Park ae ComplexSea level is rising, as it has for thousands of years. This fact and the occurence of periodic storms assure that our future shorelines will continue to undergo the Town of Surtside Beach e 8ll Q <3 stress of erosion. Beach renourishment is a means to counteract these erosive SURFSIDE FISHING PIER, INC. 0 6 0 forces. Renourishment is expensive. But where it can be economically justified, it WACCAMAW RIVER TRACT 0 : provides storm protection for valuable properties and wide beaches for people to KINGFISHER PIER & ARCADE 8 8 8 8 enjoy. 29 HORRY COUNTY City of Myrtle Beach - Class III bike route on Ocean Blvd. from 31st. Ave. N. to Site Descript~ions 62nd Ave. N.; Surfing not allowed on beach between 9 am and 5 pm from Mar. 16 to Sept. 15 except in designated areas; Horses allowed only at 29th Ave. S. and 24th (The information in the Site Description sections for each county was taken from the Ave. N. access points - horses allowed only between Oct.31 and Feb. 15; Dogs not "Comments" section on the survey questionnaire - if a comment was included, it was allowed on beach from May 15 to Sept.15 from 9am to 5 pm; Driving on the beach reported here; some clarification on items such as fees and other special requests taken by not allowed anytime. telephone are also included.) Myrtle Beach KOA Campgrounds - Entrance fee for campers only $14 to $18 per day. Downwind Sails - Windsurfing rentals and shop, rentals for Hobie Cats and Jet Skis, located at 29th Ave. S., Myrtle Beach, 803/626-7245. Palmetto Shores Marina - Entrance fee is a launch fee. Springmaid Fishing Pier - Located directly in front of the Myrtle Beach Air Force Harbour Gate Marina - Slip rental and ownership, charter boat services and retail Base at the lower end of S. Ocean Blvd., 803/238-5212. shops; One Harbour Place, North Myrtle Beach, SC, 29582, 803/249-8888. Pebble Beach Family Campground - Camping fee $18 and up with all sites close Cherry Grove Fishing Pier - A fee to fish but not to enter the pier; located 21/� to the beach; located in the south city limits across from the Air Force Base at Ocean miles off Hwy 17 N. to North Ocean Blvd.; 803/249-1625. Blvd. City of North Myrtle Beach - Lifeguards provided from Memorial Day to Labor Myrtle Beach State Park - Parking fee is $2.00/car, $12/bus, or $15/seasonal Day at major hotels and major street ends; Glass containers are prohibited; Dogs pass; fees charged from Easter through Nov. 1; this is one of the few undeveloped must be on a leash; Sleeping is prohibited between 9 pm and sunrise; Surfing is areas along the Grand Stand; the park was built by the Civilian Conservation Corps allowed in designated areas only from May 15 to Sept. 15; Open containers of and has one of the few public swimming pools in the Myrtle Beach area (open in alcoholic beverages in public are prohibited; No horseback riding; Leased parking season); campgrounds, fishing pier with tackle shop, shelters, and picnic areas are lots available at: open year-round; several boardwalks and pathways along the park provide direct 1) 47th Ave. S./Seaview (Paved parking lot 2 blocks from beach - 25 spaces). access to the beach. 2) 17th Ave. S. (Sand/grass parking lot on 2nd row - 50 to 60 spaces). Ocean Lakes Family Campground - Entrance fee is $20 and up in season for 3) 933 S. Ocean Blvd. (Oceanfront parking lot with sand walkover to beach camping. 20 spaces). 4) 6th Ave. S. (2nd row, sand parking lot, 225 ft. x 175 ft.); These sites are Waccamaw River Tract - Private/non-profit property owned by the SC Nature guaranteed on an annual basis and may vary from year to year. Conservancy; access is very limited and by boat only; for more information on how to support acquistion of SC's natural areas, contact the SC Nature Conservancy, Holiday Inn Fishing Pier - Entrance fee is $4.00. P.O. Box 5475, Columbia, SC, 29250, 803/254-9049. Myrtle Beach Travel Park - Parking/entrance fee for campsites is $22.50/day; all activities and facilities are offered to registered guests and campers and guest only; beach access is for registered campers only. Apache Family Campground Inc. - Entrance fee is $21.00; Beach access is for registered guests and campers only; beach access is for registered campers and guests only. Myrtle Beach Recreation Department - All parks not showing parking have roadside or offroad parking available; Canal Street Recreation Center expansion will include a game room, weight room, and swimming pool - swimming pool should be completed by June 1, 1988 with other facilities completed by the end of 1988. Pier 14 Restaurant and Lounge - Restroom facilities for restaurant/lounge customers only. Pavilion (at Myrtle Beach) - Parking fee $2.00 per car for 3 hours, $.50 for each additional half hour, maximum $10 per day. 30 CITY OF NORTH MYRTLE BEACH ACCESSWAYS SPECIAL FEATURES Cherry Grove Section ACCESSWAYS SPECIAL FEATURES 20. 32nd Ave. N. 20. boardwalk; 5' access; grass/ sand leading to boardwalk 1. Between 19th & 20th Ave. N. 1. boardwalk; 4' access (width); 21. 33rd Ave. N. 21. boardwalk; 5' access; grass/ grass/sand leading to boardwalk sand leading to boardwalk 2. 20th Ave. N. 2. boardwalk; 5' access; sand 22. 34th Ave. N. 22. boardwalk; 5' access; small rock leading to boardwalk base leading to boardwalk 3. Between 20th & 21st Ave. N. 3. boardwalk; 4' access; 23. Between 34th & 35th Ave. N. 23. boardwalk; 5' access; coquina grass/sand leading to boardwalk base leading to boardwalk 4. 22nd Ave. N. 4. boardwalk; 5' access; 24. 35th Ave. N. 24. boardwalk; 15' access; rock/ grass/sand leading to boardwalk coquina base leading to boardwalk 5. Sea Mt. Hwy. 5. boardwalk; 75' access; limited 25. 36th Ave. N. 25. boardwalk; 15' access; grass handicap access (ramp); drive on leading to boardwalk ramp; asphalt leading to boardwalk 26. Between 36th & 37th Ave. 26. boardwalk; 5' access; grass 6. 24th Ave. N. 6. boardwalk; 5' access; grass leading to boardwalk leading to boardwalk 27. 37th Ave. N. 27. boardwalk; 15' access; dirt 7. Between 24th & 25th Ave. N. 7. boardwalk; 4' access; grass/ base leading to boardwalk sand leading to boardwalk 28. Between 37th & 39th Ave. N. 28. boardwalk; 5' access; dirt 8. 25th Ave. N. 8. boardwalk; 5' access; grass base leading to boardwalk leading to boardwalk 29. 39th Ave. N. 29. 15' access; sand 9. 26th Ave. N. 9. boardwalk; 5' access; grass leading 30. Between 39th & 40th Ave. N. 30. 5' access; sand to boardwalk 31. 40th Ave. N. 31. 15' access; sand 10. Between 26th & 27th Ave. N. 10. boardwalk; 4' access; concrete 32. Between 40th & 41st Ave. N. 32. 5' access; sand sidewalk leading to boardwalk 33. 41st Ave. N. 33. boardwalk; 15' access; sand 11. 27th Ave. N. 11. boardwalk; 5' access; grass/t Ave. N. 33. boardwalk concrete/ sand leading to boardwalk leading to boardwalk 34. Between 41st & 42nd Ave. N. 34. boardwalk; 5' access; 12. Between 27th & 28th Ave. N. 12. boardwalk; 4' access; grass 34. Between 41st & 42nd Ave. N. 34. boardwalk; 5' access grass/sand leading to boardwalk leading to boardwalk 35. 42nd Ave. N. 35. boardwalk; 15'access; grass 13. 28th Ave. N. 13. boardwalk; 5' access; grass/ 35. 42nd Ave. N. 35. boardwalk sand leading to boardwalk leading to boardwalk 36. 43rd Ave. N. 36. boardwalk; 15' access; grass 14. Between 28th & 29th Ave. N. 14. boardwalk; 4' access; grass leading leading to boardwalk to boardwalk 37. Between 43rd & 44th Ave. N. 37. 5' access; sand 15. 29th Ave. N. 15. boardwalk; 5' access; grass/ 37. Between Ave. N. 3. 5' access; sand sand leading to boardwalk 38. 44th Ave. N. 38. 15' access; sand 16. Between 29th & 30th Ave. N. 16. boardwalk; 4' access; grass/ 39. Between 44th & 45th Ave. N. 39. 5' access; sand sand leading to boardwalk 40. 45th Ave. N. 40. boardwalk; 15' access; asphalt/ 17. 30th Ave. N. 17. boardwalk; 10' access; sand sand access leading to boardwalk 41. Between 45th & 46th Ave. N. 41. 5' access; sand 18. Between 30th & 31st Ave. N. 18. boardwalk; 4' access; sand 42. 46th Ave. N. 42. boardwalk; 15' access; sand leading to boardwalk leading to boardwalk 19. 31st Ave. N. 19. boardwalk; 5' access; grass/ 43. Between 46th & 47th Ave. N. 43. boardwalk; 5' access; sand sand leading to boardwalk leading to boardwalk 31 ACCESSWAYS SPECIAL FEATURES ACCESSWAYS SPECIAL FEATURES 44. 47th Ave. N. 44. boardwalk; 15' access; sand 64. 59th Ave. N. 64. wooden drive on ramp; leading to boardwalk 15' access; handicap accessible leg45. 48th Ave. N. b(limited to drive on ramp); paved 45. 48th Ave. N. 45. boardwalk; 15' access; dirt base leading to ramp base leading to boardwalk 65. Between 59th & 60th Ave. N. 65. boardwalk; 5' access; grass 46. Between 48th & 49th Ave. N. 46. boardwalk; 5' access; asphalt leading to boardwalk leading to boardwalk 66. 60th Ave. N. 66. boardwalk; 15' access; grass/ 47. 49th Ave. N. 47. boardwalk; 15' access; sand sand leading to boardwalk leading to boardwalk 67. 61st Ave. N. 67. boardwalk; 15' access; grass/ 48. 50th Ave. N. 48. 15' access; wooden drive on sand leading to boardwalk ramp; asphalt leading to ramp 68. Between 61st & 62nd Ave. N. 68. 5' access; grass leading 49. 51st Ave. N. 49. boardwalk; 15' access; sand to access leading to boardwalk 69. 62nd Ave. N. 69. boardwalk; 15' access; grass 50. Between 51st & 52nd Ave. N. 50. boardwalk; 5' access; grass/ leading to boardwalk sand leading to boardwalk 70. Between 62nd & 63rd Ave. N. 70. 5' access; grass leading to access 51. 52nd Ave. N. 51. boardwalk; 15' access; paved 71. 63rdAve.N. 71. boardwalk; 5'access;grass to boardwalk leading to boardwalk 52. Between 52nd & 53rd Ave. N. 52. boardwalk; 5'access; rock base leading to boardwalk CITY OF NORTH MYRTLE BEACH 53. 53rd Ave. N. 53. boardwalk; 15' access; paved/ Ocean Drive Section sand base leading to boardwalk 54. Between 53rd & 54th Ave. N. 54. 5' access; paved/rock ACCESSWAYS SPECIAL FEATURES base from street to accessway 1. 14th Ave. S. 1. 15' access; asphalt base 55. 54th Ave. N. 55. boardwalk; 15' access; paved/ leading to access rock base leading to boardwalk 2. Between 3rd & 4th lot 2. boardwalk; 5' access; concrete 56. Between 54th & 55th Ave. N. 56. boardwalk; 5' access; grass North of 14th Ave. S. sidewalk leading to boardwalk leading to boardwalk 3. Between the 8th & 9th lot 3. boardwalk; 5' access; 57. 55th Ave. N. 57. boardwalk; 15' access; sand North of 14th Ave. S. grass/sand leading to boardwalk base leading to boardwalk 4. Between the 10th & 11th lot 4. 5' access; grass leading to access 58. Between 55th & 56th Ave. N. 58. boardwalk; 5' access; sand North of 14th Ave. S. base leading to boardwalk 5. 13th Ave. S. 5. boardwalk; 5' access; grass/ 59. 56th Ave. N. 59. boardwalk; 15' access; rock sand leading to boardwalk base leading to boardwalk 6. Between 5th & 6th lot 6. boardwalk; 10' access; grass 60. Between 56th & 57th Ave. N. 60. 5' access; grass/sand North of 13th Ave. S. leading to boardwalk leading to access 7. Between the 8th & 9th lot 7. boardwalk; 5' access; grass/ 61. 57th Ave. N. 61. boardwalk; 15' access; rock North of 13th Ave. S. concrete leading to boardwalk base leading to boardwalk 8. Between the 10th & 11th lot 8. boardwalk; 5' access; grass/ 62. 58th Ave. N. 62. boardwalk; 15' access; handicap North of 13th Ave. S. sand leading to boardwalk ramp to beach; sand leading 9. Between 2nd & 3rd lot 9. boardwalk; 5' access; sand to boardwalk North of 11th Ave. S. leading to boardwalk 63. Between 58th & 59th Ave. N. 63. 5' access; grass/sand 10. Between 4th & 5th lot 10. boardwalk; 5' access; grass/ 32 leading to access North of 11th Ave. S. sand leading to boardwalk ACCESSWAYS SPECIAL FEATURES ACCESSWAYS SPECIAL FEATURES 11. Between 6th & 7th lot 11. 5' access; grass/sand 29. 4th Ave. S. 29. boardwalk; 50' access; 10 space North of 11 Ave. S. leading to access parking; asphalt leading to 12. Between 8th & 9th lot 12. 5' access; grass/sand boardwalk North of 11th Ave. S. leading to access 30. 3rd Ave. S. 30. boardwalk; 50' access; 10 space 13. 10th Ave. S. 13. boardwalk; 5' access; grass/ parking; coquina base leading sand leading to boardwalk to boardwalk 14. Between 2nd & 3rd lot 14. boardwalk; 5' access; concrete base 31. 2nd Ave. S. 31. boardwalk; 50' access; 10 space North of 10th Ave. S. leading to boardwalk to boardwaking; coquina base leading 15. Between 4th & 5th lot 15. boardwalk; 5' access; grass/ North of 10th Ave. S. sand leading to boardwalk 32. Main Street 32- 100 access; 30 space parking drive on ramp; asphalt leading 16. Between 7th & 8th lot 16. boardwalk; 5' access; sand to ass North of 10th Ave. S. leading to boardwalk access 332. stAve. N. 33. boardwalk; 50 access; 10 space 17. Between 9th & 10th lot 17. 5' access; grass leading to parking; coquina base leading North of 10th Ave. S. boardwalk to boardwalk 18. Between 11th & 12th lot 18. boardwalk; 5' access; sand/ 34. 3rd Ave. N. 34. boardwalk; 75' access; 20 space North of 10th Ave. S. grass leading to boardwalk parking; sand base leading 19. Between 13th & 14th lot 19. 5' access; concrete sidewalk to boardwalk North of 10th Ave. S. leading to access 35. 4th Ave. N. 35. boardwalk; 75' access; 20 space 20. Between 15th & 16th lot 20. boardwalk; 5' access; sand/ parking; asphalt leading North of 10th Ave. S. wooden planking leading to to boardwalk boardwalk : 36. 5th Ave. N. 36. boardwalk; 75' access; 20 space 21. Between 17th & 18th lot 21. boardwalk; 5' access; concrete parking; asphalt leading North of 10th Ave. S. sidewalk leading to boardwalk to boardwalk 22. After the 1st lot 22. 5' access; grass leading 37. 6th Ave. N. 37. boardwalk; 75' access; very limit- South of 9th Ave. S. to boardwalk ed parking; sand/natural 23. 9th Ave. S. 23. wooden drive on ramp; (handicapp- condition leading to boardwalk ed accessible); bench; 50' access; 38. 7th Ave. N. 38. 75' access; very limited parking; 14 space parking; asphalt leading to sand/natural condition leading ramp to boardwalk 24. After the 1st lot 24. boardwalk; 5' access; asphalt 39. 8th Ave. N. 39. boardwalk with bench; 75' North of 9th Ave. S. leading to boardwalk access; very limited parking; 25. Between 5th & 6th lot 25. boardwalk; 5' access; grass/ sand/natural condition leading North of 9th Ave. S. asphalt leading to boardwalk to boardwalk 26. Between 7th & 8th lot 26. boardwalk; 5' access; grass/ 40. 9th Ave. N. 40. 75' access; very limited parking; North of 9th Ave. S. concrete leading to boardwalk sand/natural condition leading to access 27. Between 9th & 10th lot 27. boardwalk; 5' access; asphalt to access North of 9th Ave. S. leading to boardwalk 41. 10th Ave. N. 41. 75' access; very limited parking; 28. 6th Av e. S. 28. boardwalk with benches & sand/natural condition leading to 28. 6th Ave. 5. 28. boardwalk with benches & deck; 70' access (handicapped accessible); 9 space parking (3 42. 12th Ave. N. 42. boardwalk; 75' access; very handicapped); drive on ramp; limited parking; sand/natural asphalt leading to boardwalk condition leading to boardwalk 33 ACCESSWAYS SPECIAL FEATURES ACCESSWAYS SPECIAL FEATURES 43. 13th Ave. N. 43. 75' access; very limited parking; 7. 19th Ave. S. 7. boardwalk; 5' access; grass sand/natural condition leading leading to boardwalk to access 8. 18th Ave. S. 8. boardwalk; 30' access; very 44. 14th Ave. N. 44. 75' access; very limited parking; limited parking sand/natural condition leading 9. Between 18th & 19th Ave. S. 9. boardwalk; 5' access; concrete to access leading to boardwalk 45. 15th Ave. N. 45. boardwalk; 75' access; very limited parking; sand/natural 10. 17th Ave. S. 10. boardwalk with benches and deck; condition leading to boardwalk 75' access; ramp to beach for handi- 46. 16th Ave. N. 46. 75' access; very limited parking; capped access; 15 space parking; sand/natural condition leading asphalt leading to boardwalk to access 47. 17th Ave. N. 47. 75' access; very limited parking ; 11. Between 2nd & 3rd lot 11. boardwalk; 10' access; asphalt san d/na tra. con. l ea din' accNorth of 17th Ave. S. leading to boardwalk sand/natural condition leading to access 12. Between 4th & 5th lot 12. boardwalk; 10' access; asphalt North of 17th Ave. S. leading to boardwalk 48. 18th Ave. N. . 48. boardwalk; 75' access; very limited parking; sand/natural 13. Between 5th & 6th lot 13. boardwalk; 10' access; asphalt condition leading to boardwalk North of 17th Ave. S. leading to boardwalk 49. 20th Ave. N. 49. boardwalk; 30' access; drive on 14. Between 6th & 7th lot 14. 10' access; grass leading to ramp for emergency vehicles only North of 17th Ave. S. to boardwalk 15. Between 7th & 8th lot 15. 10' access; grass leading to access CITY OF NORTH MYRTLE BEACH North of 17th Ave. S. Cresent Beach Section 16. Between 8th & 9th lot 16. boardwalk; 10' access; grass ACCESSWAYS SPECIAL FEATURES North of 17th Ave. S. leading to boardwalk 1. 27th Ave. S. 1. wooden drive on ramp (limited 1. 27th Ave. . 1. wooden drive on ramp (limited 17. Between 9th & 10th lot 17. 10' access; grass leading handicapped accessible); 60'access; North of 17th Ave. S. to access 10-15 space parking; asphalt leading to ramp 18. Between 10th & 11th lot 18. 10' access; grass leading 2. 25th Ave. S. North of 17th Ave. S. to access 2. 25th Ave. S. 2. wooden drive on ramp; (limited handicapped accessible); 50' access; 19. Between 2nd & 3rd lot 19. boardwalk; 10' access; grass/ 12 space parking, (1 space handi- South of 16th Ave. S. asphalt leading to boardwalk capped); asphalt leading to ramp 20. 16th Ave. S. 20. wooden drive on ramp; 40' access; 3. 23rd Ave. S. 3. boardwalk; 50' access; 10-15 limited handicapped access on space parking; asphalt leading ramp; 5-10 parking spaces; asphalt to boardwalk leading to ramp 4. 21st Ave. S. 4. boardwalk; 75' access; 25-30 21. Between 2nd & 3rd lot 21. boardwalk; 10' access; grass space parking; asphalt leading to North of 16th Ave. S. leading to boardwalk boardwalk 22. Between 5th & 6th lot 22. boardwalk; 10' access; asphalt 5. Between 21st & 20th Ave. S. 5. boardwalk; 5' access; North of 16th Ave. S. leading to boardwalk grass/sand leading to boardwalk 23. Between 6th & 7th lot 23. 10' access; grass 6. 20th Ave. S. 6. boardwalk; 30' access; very North of 16th Ave. S. leading to access limited parking; paved 24. Between 7th & 8th lot 24. boardwalk; 10' access; grass leading to boardwalk North of 16th Ave. S. leading to boardwalk 34 ACCESS WAYS SPECIAL FEATURES ACCESSWAYS SPECIAL FEATURES 25. Between 8th & 9th lot 25. 10' access; grass leading to access ~~~~~~~~~North of 16th Ave. S. ~13. 34th Ave. S. 13. boardwalk; 4' access; grass ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~North of 16th Ave. S. ~planking leading to boardwalk 26. Between 9th & 10th lot 26. boardwalk; 10' access; grass North of 16th Ave. S. leading to boardwalk 14. 33rd Ave. S. 14. boardwalk with bench; 10' access; asphalt leading to boardwalk 27. Between 3rd & 4th lot 27. 10' access; grass South of 15th Ave. S. leading to access 28. 15th Ave. S. 28. boardwalk; 5' access; sand/ Holiday Inn Fishing Pier grass leading to boardwalkWAYS SPECIAL FEATURES ACCESSWALS SPECIAL FEATURES CITY OF NORTH MYRTLE BEACH 1. 27th Avenue S. Windy Hill Section 2. Holiday Inn at 28th Avenue S. ACCESSWAYS SPECIAL FEATURES Atlantic Beach 1. 47th Ave. S. 1. boardwalk; 30' access; 1-2 ACCESSWAYS SPECIAL FEATURES space parking; asphalt leading to 1. 30th Street boardwalk 2. 31st Street 2. 46th Ave. S. 2. boardwalk; 75' access; 15-20 3. 32nd Street space parking; asphalt leading to boardwalk Surfside Beach 3. 45th Ave. S. 3. 30' access; drive on ramp (not wooden); coquina base leading to ACCESSWAYS SPECIAL FEATURES access 1. Melody Drive 1. pathway 4. 43rd Ave. S. 4. boardwalk; 4' access; grass/ 2. 16th Avenue S. 2. pathway sand leading to boardwalk 3. 15th Avenue S. 3. pathway 5. Between 43rd & 41st Ave. S. 5. boardwalk; 4' access; grass/wood 4. 14th Avenue S. 4. pathway planking leading to boardwalk 4. 14th Avenue S. 5. pathway 6. 41st Ave. S. 6. boardwalk; 4' access; grass/wood planking leading to boardwalk 6. 12th Avenue S. 6. pathway 7. Between 3rd & 4th lot 7. boardwalk; 4' access; grass/ 7. 11th Avenue S. 7. pathway South of 39th Ave. S. asphalt leading to boardwalk 8. 10th Avenue S. 8. pathway 8. 39th Ave. S. 8. boardwalk with bench; 75' 9. 9th Avenue S. 9. pathway access; 20-30 space parking; wooden 10. 8th Avenue S. 10. pathway drive on ramp; asphalt leading to boardwalk 11. 7th Avenue S. 11. pathway 9. Between 3rd & 4th lot 9. boardwalk; 4' access; grass 12. 6th Avenue S. 12. pa North of 39th Ave. S. leading to boardwalk 13. 5th Avenue S. 13. pathway 10. Between 37th & 34th Ave. S. 10. boardwalk; 4' access; grass 14. 4th Avenue S. 14. pathway leading to boardwalk 15. 3rd Avenue S. 15. boat ramp 11. Between 36th & 34th Ave. S. 11. boardwalk; 4' access; grass/ 16. 2ndAvenueS. 16. pathway paved base leading to boardwalk 17. Surfside Drive 17. pathway 12. Between 35th & 34th Ave. S. 12. boardwalk; 4' access; grass 18. 1st Avenue N. 18. pathway planking leading to boardwalk 19. 2nd Avenue N. 19. pathway 35 ACCESSWAYS SPECIAL FEATURES 20. 3rd Avenue N. 20. pathway 21. 4th Avenue N. 21. pathway 22. 5th Avenue N. 22. pathway 23. 6th Avenue N. 23. pathway 24. 7th Avenue N. 24. boat ramp 25. 8th Avenue N. 25. pathway 26. 9th Avenue N. 26. pathway 27. 10th Avenue N. 27. pathway 28. 1 1th Avenue N. 28. pathway 29. 12th Avenue N. 29. pathway 30. 13th Avenue N. 30. pathway 31. 14th Avenue N. 31. pathway 32. 15th Avenue N. 32. pathway 33. 16th Avenue N. 33. pathway Gar den City Section (Provided by Horry County Government) ACCESSWAYS SPECIAL FEATURES 1. Cedar Drive - Garden City 2. Holly Drive - Garden City 3. Azalea Drive - Garden City 4. Magnolia Drive - Garden City 5. Youpon Drive - Garden City 6. Pine Drive - Garden City 7. Oak Drive - Garden City 8. Cypress Drive - Garden City 9. Anglers Drive - Garden City 10. Holiday Drive - Garden City 11. Sunset Drive - Garden City 12. Rainbow Drive - Garden City 13. Sea-Breeze Drive - Garden City 14. Vista Drive - Garden City 15. Calhoun Drive - Garden City 16. Woodland Drive - Garden City 17. Nash St. - Springmaid Beach 18. Shore Drive #1 19. Shore Drive #2 20. Shore Drive #3 21. Shore Drive #4 36 SEASONS OF FISHING IN SOUTH CAROLINA Saltwater sportfishing along South Carolina's 198-mile coastline can be enjoyed year round. An infinite variety of angling opportunities awaits both the casual fisherman as well as the serious angler. Opportunities ranging from the peaceful tranquility of surf fishing on one of the many deserted barrier islands to challenging the mightiest game fish of all, the blue marlin, in the cobalt blue water of the Gulf Stream, can be enjoyed in the Palmetto state. Each season brings its own unique angling experience. Winter Many anglers have the unfortunate idea that winter is a time to hang up the rods and reels because nothing is biting in saltwater. This is far from the truth. In the lower coastal rivers of the state such as the Waccamaw, Black, Santee, Cooper, Ashley and Combahee rivers, saltwater striped bass fishing is at its peak. In the creeks and bays red drum, locally called spottail bass, can be found warming themselves on the shallow flats during warm, bright sunny days. Shellbanks around the mouths of creeks where sharp drop-offs occur will yield good catches of spotted seatrout during warm spells. Surf fishermen will find red drum, spot, croaker, and whiting (kingfish) seeking the quieter waters of the surf on the warmer days. Offshore, .however, offers some of the faster action to be found during this period. Black sea bass are fewer in number, but larger individuals frequent the natural live bottom areas'along the coast and are at the yearly peak on the artificial reefs. A little farther offshore at the reefs in 90 to 300 feet of water, fishermen can enjoy good fishing for those seafood delights, snapper and grouper. The biggest problem fishermen encounter during this season is bad weather. Spring Springtime in the south is a sportfisherman's dream come true. This is a time when fishing is at its peak in most areas. The small boat fisherman will have a hard time deciding whether he wants to fish for big roe seatrout in the inlets and bays, bull red drum in the deep Bholes of the bayst and sounds, sheepshead around jetties and pilings or spottails up in the creeks. Pier fishermen will find bull whiting, croakers and bluefish in good abundance. The highlight of pier fishing, however, is provided by king mackerel, Spanish mackerel, cobia, big bluefish and occasional amberjack which are caught on live bait off the end of the pier. Avid surf fishermen can't fish enough at this time of the year. The big run of bull red drum is at its peak in the surf. The roe spotted seatrout are schooling up around mouths of inlets and front beaches to spawn. Small panfish, whiting, spot, and croaker, are readily available. Coastal saltwater fishermen are hot after the big cobia that move inshore only during this season. These popular gamefish can be found just outside the bays and sounds, in the ship channels, on the artificial reefs and in Port Royal Sound near Beaufort. Coastal saltwater anglers are also enjoying some fast action for king mackerel, Spanish mackerel, amberjack, barracuda and spadefish on the artificial reefs. Offshore fishermen are enjoying fast and furious action for such great gamefish as blue marlin, yellowfin tuna, wahoo, dolphin and king mackerel. Offshore bottom fishermen are finding that good concentrations of snapper and grouper have moved into live bottom areas in 70 to 90 feet of water along the coast. 37 Summer Summer's heat in the south has just about as much effect on the fish as the fishermen. Fishermen find that many fish avoid the shallows during the heat of the day, entering these feeding areas only from late evening to early morning hours. The surf fisherman finds the best fishing from late evening to the early morning hours avoiding not only the heat of the day but the crowded beaches as well. These anglers find plenty of action in the form of school bass (red drum), a few big bull red drum, spotted seatrout, flounder, crevalle jack, pompano, bluefish, whiting and croaker. Pier fishermen also can find some excellent fishing during the cooler part of the day for these same species. The small boat fisherman also can find a potpourri of fish available to him from sheepshead, spotted seatrout, red drum and flounder in the creeks to the powerful crevalle jacks in the bays. Even that mightiest inshore game fish of all, the tarpon, can be found starting in early summer at most ocean inlets. Coastal fishermen will enjoy a steady pace on king mackerel, barracuda, and amberjack with some fast and furious action being provided by schooling Spanish mackerel. The savvy reef fisherman will also enjoy good action for spadefish, black sea bass, and sheepshead by fishing on reef structures. Offshore bottom fishermen are finding the fish to be a little finicky in their feeding, but it doesn't keep the angler from filling his stringer with nice sea bass, snapper and grouper. The offshore big game fisherman finds his day's catch a smorgasbord of oceanic prizes. Sailfish show upr in good numbers now, joining the blue marlin, yellowfin tuna, skipjack tuna, wahoo, dolphin, king mackerel, barracuda and amberjack that are already present. Fall With cooling temperatures both fish and fishermen are rejuvenated. This season, while full of excellent fishing action in all areas, is dominated by creek and bay fishing along with pier fishing. This time of year pier anglers see hot fishing for whiting, croakers, bluefish, and even king and Spanish mackerel. But when October and November roll around there is only one fish on everyone's mind -the spot. During fall migration southward, vast schools move in around the piers and anglers can literally catch all they want to clean. The surf fisherman is also finding his waters alive with fish, from whiting, spot and croaker to red drum, spotted seatrout, and flounder. This season is the small boat fisherman's heyday. The creeks and rivers are teeming with spotted seatrout and small red drum. Almost every oyster bar and shell bank has its own school of spottails and trout. Sheepshead, flounder and black drum are also taken in good numbers in the same areas. Coastal waters especially around the artificial reefs are yielding goodcathes f kng mckeelbarracuda, amberjack and black sea bass. Offshor big game fishermen find the action good for blue marlin, yellowfin tuna, wahoo, dolphin and king mackerel up until December when it drops off fast. The angler interested in snapper, grouper and sea bass finds a big improvement over the doldrums of summer. He doesn't have to look hard to find hungry fish. 38 ADJACENTLAND USE CITY OF MYRTLE BEACH PUBLIC ACCESSWAYS *s #, * ; ~ Beach Dr. to Ocean Streetend - 82nd Ave. N. Parking off site on Beach Dr. & 82nd Ave. N. (110' x 175') W'' Boardwalk type of walkway to beach Streetend 81st Ave. N Parking on Beach Drive (60' x 175') Streetend 80th Ave. N. @ * Parking on Beach Drive (60' x 175') Streetend 79th Ave. N. Parking on Beach Drive (60' x 175') Boardwalk type walkway Streetend 78th Ave. N. * * * * * Parking on Beach Drive (60' x 175') Streetend 77th Ave. N. Public Transportation; Coastal Rapid Pub. (80' x 840') 1W V 0 0 0 V V V V ' w O Transit - Northern end of route Ocean Blvd. Ocean Blvd. to Ocean Streetend - 76th Ave. N. g* * * * Q * Streetend - 75th Ave. N. * * (60' x 700') Streetend - 74th Ave. N. * * * * * (60' x 580') 73rdAve. N. * ** * 0 0 o B (60' x 420') 72nd Ave. N. * * * * * 0 (60' x 290') 70thxA2ve. N. * ,v, * * o (70'x 260') 40 69th Ave. N. * a * * * Bike Rack (70' x 260') 4 67th Ave. N. * * * * * * * * Landscaped coquina parking area (80' x 230') 66th Ave. N. * * * * * Bike Rack (80' x 230') 65thdAve. N. * * * * e (80' x 230') 64th2Ave. N. * * * * * 0 (80' x 230') 63rd Ave. N. * 0 (30' x 230') Alley Highland * * * 0 (20'Haskell C80) Cabana Section (no other development (20' x 180') between Ocean Blvd. Beach) 39 ADJACENT LAND USE CITY OF MYRTLE BEACH 0 t A<9 09 PUBLIC ACCESSWAYS Seaside Place Cabana Section (60' x 110') Beach Place a a a a a a . * * * * Caba na Section Hampton Cr. a a o * * Cabana Section (60' x 150') @ 53rd Ave. N. (60' x 330') 50thx Ave. N. 9 * Overflow parking on Ocean Blvd. 49th Ave. N. 0 * (60' x 330') 46th Ave. 3 N. a a a a @ 3 _ Park located across Ocean Blvd. (60' x 30') 64thxAve.. N.9 0 0 (60' x 310 ') 44th Ave. N. 0 0 (60' x 290') 436rdhAve. N. @ 0 0 0 (60'x 280') 42d7hAve. N. (60' x 270') 41sth Ave. N. r o o (60'x 230') 40thAve.N. (60'x 200') 39th Ave. N. (60' 200') a3th Ave. N. (60'x 200') 37t Ave. N. (60'x 220') 34t Ave. N. (60' a 380') 40 ADJACENT "ND USE CITY OF MYRTLE BEACH 949 9 9 PUBLIC ACCESSWAYS . ..." 400s~xA1V~eO') <8*. @ 4�0 Cia 4 19 � 0 @D .. 31st Ave. N. (60' x 170') O O O 3028th Ave. N. Oceanfront UnderConstruion Alley (29th) (20' x 170') (20'x 170') . @ O � 8 3 ~ Alley (20' x 170') Alley * * a a (20' x 170') 28th Ave. N. Oceanfront Under Construction (150' x 170') 27th Ave. N. B. Ball Court (40' x 170') Seating Benches Alley (20' x 170') 0 0 0 0 0 Alley (20'x 170') :@ 0 Alley (20' x 170') 0 0 Alley (20' x170') Alley (20'x170') 26th Ave. N. (100'x 170') 0 0 0 0 Alley Seating Benche (20' x 170') Alley (20' x 170') Alley (20' x 170') Alley (20' x 170') ~~~~~~Alley * a * **a No access to beach (20' x 170') Alley No access to beach 1(20'x ') Alley I(20'x 170') 0 @ 0 0 0 24th Ave. N. (100' x 70') 41 ADJACENT LAND USE CITY OF MYRTLE BEACH PUBLIC ACCESSWAYS t Alley 0 (20' x 170') Alley (20' x 170') Alley (20'x170') 0 0 0 0 0 ~ � Alley 10' City owned oceanfront parking (20' x 170') Alley (20' x 170') 0 0 0 p r i Alley (20'x 170') 0 0 0 0 Alley (20'x 170') 0 0 0 0 (20'x 170') 0 0 0 0 (100'x 70') � Alley (20'x 170') Alley (20' x 170') (20'x170') Gazebo - covered seating (20'x 170') 0 0 0 Alley (20'x 170') 0 Alley (20'x 170') 0 0 0 0 0 Alley (20'x 170') 0 0 -0 0 (20'x170') 0 a0 Alley (20'x 170') 0 0 0 Alley (20'x170') - 0 0 0 0 0 ADJACENT LAND USE CITY OF MYRTLE BEACH �t4$ PUBLIC ACCESSWAYS " q (20'x 1 70') (20' x 170') g ~ 0 0 @ 0 0 (20' x 170') e g ~ a Alley (20' x 170') 0 0 Alley (20'x 170') 0 0 Alley (20'x 170') 0 Alley (20'x 170') Alley (20' x 170') Alley (20' x 170') Alley (20' x 170') Alley (20' x 170') Alley (20' x 170') 0 0 0 0 Alley (20' x 170') Alley (20' x 170') : 0 0 Alley (20'x 170') Alley (20' x 170') 0 Alley C o Puli (20' x170') C Alley (20' x 170') Alley Alley (20' x170') 43 ADJACENT LAND USE CITY OF MYRTLE BEACH ,�/T PUBLIC ACCESSWAYS Alley (20'x 170') 14th - Alley 0 Pier Restaurant (20' x 170') Alley (20' x 170') Alley (20'x 170') Alley (10' x 170') Alley Alley(20' x 170') Access to commercial & boardwalk area Alley (10' x 70') 11th-Alley (20' x 170') 9th Ave. N. @ Access to boardwalk; Commercial; (40' x 160') Pavilion 8th Ave. N. _ Adjacent Amusements; Commercial; (60' x 130') ' Pavilion 7th6 Ave. N. Metered Parking; Bike Rack (60' x 130') 6th Ave. N. (60' x 130') 5th Ave. N. (60' x 130') 4th Ave. N. (60' x 130') 3rdAve.N. (60' x 130') 2nd Ave. N. Pier; Restaurant; Fishing (60' x 130') 1st Ave. N. Night parking on Ocean Blvd. from (60 x 120') site to 6th Ave. N. IstAve. S. (60' x150') 2ndAve. S. (40' x 140') 3rd Ave. S. AdjacentAmusement; Commercial (40' x 140') 44 ADJACENT LAND USE A Acto CITY OF MYRTLE BEACH t PUBLIC ACCESSWAYS 6th Ave. S. (50' x 31o') ~;90 0 7th Ave. S. (50' x 320') Sth Ave. S. (50' x 350') 9th Ave. S. (50' x 340') 10th Ave. S. (70' x 390') l1thAve. S. (60' x 380') 12thAve. S. (60' x 370') 13thAve. S. (60' x 360') 15th Ave. S. (60' x 340') 16thAve. S. (60' x 330') Alley (40'x 320') 18th Ave. S. (40' x 320') 19th Ave. S. * (20' x 280') Hurl Rock Park- 20th Ave. S.setnadlnscpg Hurl Rock Park - 20th Ave. S. * * * * * Hurl Rock Park; Extensive decking, (160' x 280') (160' x 280') seating and landscaping 21stAve. S. 0 (20' x 280') 22nd Ave. S. a Parking off-site on right of way of (20' x 280') streets perpendicular to Ocean Blvd. (20' x 280') 23rdAve. S. 0 (60' x 300') 24th Ave. S. EmergencyAccess (60' x 260') 25th Ave. S. * * * * * * * Bike Rack (60' x260') 26th Ave.S. * 0 0 0 0 (60' x 260') 27th Ave. S. (60' x 260') 45 ADJACENT LAND USE CITY OF MYRTLE BEACH PUBLIC ACCESSWAYS Y S | Streetends - 29th Ave. S. | Hobie Cat & Jet ski rentals, tishing pier 1(60'x 260') a � J s r f p FOR MORE INFORMATION Horry County contact: Myrtle Beach Area Chamber of Commerce P.O. Box 2115 Myrtle Beach, SC 29578 803/448-5135 46 No HURNELLS INLET HUNTINBTON REACH SATE PARE BROOKGREEN SARDENS NORTH LITCHFIELD BEACH LITCHFIELD BEACH PANORTHLEY ISLAND PAWLEYS INLET DEBIDUE BEACH /-, NORTYAH BAY ENTRANCE SOUTH ISLAND 8t e~I NORTH SANTEE GEORGETOWN COUNTY CEDAR ISLAND 48 GEORGETOWN COUNTY Georgetown County - the name means intriguing historic sights, great seafood the amenities found in comfortable condominiums or new inn rooms. At both restaurants, beautiful and classy beaches, good golf and fishing and friendly Pawley's Island and Litchfield, the beaches are uncrowded, with plenty of room people. for building sandcastles and quietly sunbathing. The town of Georgetown is the state's third oldest town, and site of the first Many vacationers come to Georgetown County for the seafood, and Murrells, attempt at establishing a settlement in America which was made by the Spanish in Inlet has become famous for its clusters of great restaurants. Diners can watch the 1526 at Winyah Bay. It is often called "the ghost capital of the world" because deep-sea fishing boats come in while enjoying their plates of shrimp, scallops and of its many legends. In the fall, visitors can hear rich folklore on Georgetown hush-puppies. Golf is also plentiful, with six courses near Pawley's Island, three County's "ghostbustin"' tours. During any time of the year, a good first stop for near Georgetown and one in Andrews, all open for public play. visitors is the Historic District's Visitor's Center on Front Street. The second History and nature come together at Hobcaw Barony and Bellefield Nature vacation schedule item should be a tour of the historic district, perhaps in a Center off U.S. 17 between Pawley's Island and Georgetown. Once the home of horse-drawn carriage, and then a stroll along the riverfront. Bernard Baruch's daughter, the 17,500-acre tract now focuses on marshland Historic houses open to the public in Georgetown include the Kaminski House, research. At Brookgreen Gardens near Murrells Inlet, the world's largest outdoor c. 1760, and the Man-Doyle House, c. 1775. Twelve miles south of Georgetown collection of American sculpture can be seen; heroic works in settings of on U.S. 17 is Hopsewee Plantation, home of Continental Congress delegate uncommon natural beauty. Thomas Lynch and his son, Thomas Lynch Jr., signer of the Declaration of Across from Brookgreen off U.S. 17 is Huntington Beach State Park, site of Independence. Atalaya, a Moorish-style structure that once served as home and studio for famed For beachlovers, there's Pawley's Island and Litchfield Beach, offering the best sculptor Anna Hyatt Huntington and her husband, philanthropist Archer of two distinct worlds. Pawley's Island, one of the oldest resorts on the East Huntington. The park has a beautiful beach area, picnic area and 127 campsites. Coast, is fondly called "arrogantly shabby" by its devotees, a place where families The site for the park is generously provided to the State by the Trustees of can gather in simple seaside cottages and inns. At Litchfield, the emphasis is on Brookgreen Gardens. 49 ~(8) *Mt. Zion ,~~~~ Yo 1.0Y .* ,,8-?-4- ~~~~~~~~?~Patto *~~~~~~~~~~~~~C Prince - Plant~~tr---I S -L A~'- N D ~~~~~~~~~~~~~CALEVL s 2. Murrells Inlet Park~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~RWURENAl AL-V~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~.Cpai iksMrn 4~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~~~~4 GurlsIltBAtRDENp .3~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~5 HNINleTPOrtMrNa BEA~~6.CedrHiladn Both~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~.[ Mure STATEt ComniyCetRK - - EtOTLER 9~~~.de brookgre Garen Mell~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~0 Hnigon Beac State Par ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~1.PawesIland(oth)Bationm ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~4 age PlantationBotRm 50 15~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~. Pawrleys Inlane(oth Boat Ramp SOUTH CAROLItNA'S the Federal Works Project Administration, said of Pawley's Island: t~SEA -DRINKIE NG CITIE~~S": ~"The dress of vacationists, mostly perennial visitors, astonishes newcomers. "SA-R CITalIEsofPlantationsSlave Bare feet are the rule even for bank presidents; girls dance at the pavilion in True Tales of Plantation s, Sla ve Revolts, sweeping evening gowns - but without any shoes or stockings; others wear slacks Barefoot Dancers, hand More and beach pajamas, and their escorts, invariably barefooted, are clad in white ducks and sleeveless shirts." For centuries, South Carolina's population, economy, and culture were There are many homes at Pawley's Island and nearby that are more than 100 centered on the coast. Life wasn't necessarily better here - though many would years old. argue that - but the abundant water made transportation relatively easy and Mount Pleasant: about 1775, Jacob Motte, for 27 years treasurer of the convenient. The cities and towns that developed on the coast were ruled, even Colonies, built a two-story, wood frame house on a bluff above Charleston more than they were by politicians or bankers or merchants, by their proximity Harbor and named the property Mount Pleasant. It still stands, but since then the to the ocean. entire town, originally called Greenwich, has taken the name. They were "sea-drinking cities," as poet and novelist Josephine Pinckney Mount Pleasant was promoted as healthful in the late 1700s, and gained described them. They still are. prominence as a summer resort for island planters in the 1850s. Though the town No one can stroll though any of South Carolina's coastal cities unmindful of includes many new residential developments for those who work in Charleston, the nearby ocean. The saltwater spray can be tasted, smelled, heard, and felt. It the old village of Mount Pleasant, where Motte's house still stands, remains quiet permeates clothes, architecture, foliage, and gossip. Most of the area's history has and beautiful. Like many coastal towns, its streets are lined with wide spreading been shaped by the ocean's proximity. live oaks, draped with Spanish moss. The three major cities - Charleston, Beaufort, and Georgetown - were The oldest house in town dates from 1752. Colonists here fought the British also the first three cities established in South Carolina. They prospered from the before the battle of Fort Moultrie. The cemetery for Confederate soldiers is open profits of the nearby rice, indigo, and cotton plantations, which were themselves to the public. The Mount Pleasant Presbyterian Church at Hibben and Church dependent on the area's water. Streets was built in 1847. As the cities have grown in the last 300 years, their residents have known Sullivan's Island: At one time, Sullivan's Island (north of Charleston) was better than to hide their histories and architectural heritages. In each of them, dominated by Fort Moultrie, which served as a Federal installation from the visitors can find walkways at the edge of the harbors, scores of well-maintained Revolutionary War until World War II. It is now open as a museum. Before the 18th and 19th century buildings, and the sites of many of the events that have Civil War, Gen. William Tecumseh Sherman was commanding officer here. shaped South Carolina. Edgar Allen Poe was stationed here; some of his short stories, including "The But Charleston, Beaufort, and Georgetown are certainly not the only Gold Bug," are set on Sullivan's Island. In front of the fort stands the grave of communities along the coast with proud pasts. Travelers will be as interested in Osceola, Seminole chief, who was captured, in spite of his flag of truce, during the smaller, quieter towns. Many of them contain histories as rich as the three the Florida Seminole War of 1835. He was imprisoned in a dungeon with the larger cities and architecture as impressive. They may not have Chambers of walls of the fort, and died here in 1838. Commerce with slick brochures, but their residents are often eager to welcome Today, many of Fort Moultries officers' quarters provide comfortable homes visitors who arrive with a genuine curiosity. for island residents. From the North Carolina border to Georgia, some of these communities are: Before the Civil War, slaves were quarantined on Sullivan's Island upon their Little River: At one time, this town, just two miles south of the border, was arrival in South Carolina. The presence of this "Pest House" made the island, known as ' Yankee Town," because of its numerous North Carolina settlers. As according to historians, "the Ellis Island of African-Americans." late as the first quarter of the eighteenth century, pirates cruised in and out of the Folly Beach: A beautiful county park is now located on the southern end of sheltered inlets of the Little River. Folly Island (south of Charleston), but at one time Confederate troops kept a Nearby, on the state line between North and South Carolina, stands a 600- supply of armaments across this area on Cole's Island. In 1862, the stronghold pound granite monument. This marks the site of the Boundary House through was dismantled and its equipment placed aboard the 150-foot-long steamer, the whose hall the state line ran. Because of its location, the house was a popular Planter, for shipment to another Confederate fort. But during the night, while dueling spot. One of the victims of a duel there was Gen. Benjamin Smith, later the troops were away, wheelman Robert Smalls, one of the slave crew, navigated governor of North Carolina; in 1804, he received a bullet wound in his chest in a the ship into the hands of Federal forces. Smalls eventually became an army pistol duel with his cousin, Capt. Maurice Moore. captain, National Guard general, and U.S. Congressman. In 1863 he was able to Pawley's Island: Though Myrtle Beach now dominates the coast between the buy the Beaufort home that had been owned by his master, behind which he had North Carolina line and Georgetown, other beaches were once more popular. been born. Pawley's Island, for instance, is the oldest resort along the Grand Strand. Its The Town of Folly Beach was home to George Gershwin and Dubose Heyward tradition of being "arrogantly shabby" began long ago. In 1941, the book, in the summer of 1934 as they prepared the transformation of Heyward's novel, SOUTH CAROLINA: A GUIDE TO THE PALMETTO STATE, produced by Porgy, into the opera Porgy and Bess. 51 MARYVILL~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Panaio,; alal.io to0EY ISLAND S ~~~~~~~~Pand .1. on__SC L )RT7 ~~~~~ 2 3 4 M~~~~~ ind. :7 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~5 PlrantPatio I~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~6 IaT ByPr WINY ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~.HbAwBrn HEIGHTS ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~8 BleIleMrn 52~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~I Z7A Frogmore: After Federal troops captured the state's southern sea islands, many of the remaining freed slaves received training from the first school opened for freed slaves by Northerners: the Penn Normal, Industrial, and Agricultural School of Frogmore. Founded in 1862 in "The Brick Church," or St. Helena Baptist Church, which still stands, the school operated for more than 40 years. Since then, the institution, now called Penn Community Services, Inc., has l i served as a school, health clinic, farm bureau, and catalyst for community action, - m r as well as a repository for preserving the island's Gullah heritage. During the Civil . Rights Movement, Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., was a frequent visitor. Frogmore is located on St. Helena Island, where many beautiful plantation houses can be found. The oldest standing house on the island is Tombee, built in a T-shape so all rooms feature windows on three sides. The book, Tombe e: Portrait of a Cotton Planter, includes both the revealing journal of plantation owner Thomas B. Chaplin before and after the Civil War and an insightful biography of Chaplin by historian Theodore Rosengarten. Bluffton: on a ridge overlooking the May River, Bluffton (near Hilton Head Island) was a popular summering place in the early 1800s for families of rice and cotton planters. Though ravaged by the Civil War, there are still many buildings standing from the first half of the 19th century. The beautiful Church of the Cross, built in 1854, features a Gothic design, vertical cypress siding, and fanlight arches. The town became known in the 1840s for a protest movement - the Bluffton Movement - against the Federal Tariff Bill of 1842. It was led by the area's congressman, Robert Barnwell Rhett. In 1844, Rhett addressed a gathering beneath the boughs of what became known as the "Secession Oak," not far from Bluffton. Rhett called for South Carolina to nullify the tariff bill or to secede from the union. Opponents spoke scornfully of the "Bluffton Boys," but supporters of Rhett considered this name to be praise. Fifteen years later, many of Rhett's arguments resurfaced in the debate over secession. There are, of course, many more historically significant communities along the South Carolina coast. All of today's popular beach resorts - including those along the Grand Strand, the Isle of Palms, and Kiawah, Seabrook, Edisto, Hilton Head, and Fripp Islands - have rich histories. Beautiful plantation houses can be found at many, like the Vanderhorst House (built about 1807) on Kiawah or Old House (about 1750) and Seaside (about 1802) on Edisto. Other islands, like Hilton Head, were radically transformed when earthwork fortifications were built during the Civil War. There are tales of ghosts, wars, runaway slaves, fortunes made and lost, romance. True stories can be related about each section of the coast that are more exciting than those in all the paperbacks littering the summer beaches. Longtime residents know many of them. Bookstores and libraries contain volumes of them. They are tales of South Carolina's "sea-drinking cities.5 53 - a - - - ~~~~Lookout MI"' - ~~~~~Tower toE - ~~~~WHITs Plantto Cl0 - - - 4' STATE OPERATED - -~~~'A fltinC.Patation Planta~~~~~~Potiono i~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~F ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Ce S~~~~~~~~~~~ 0 U 2 3 8KLOETR 5. South Isand FryBoat Ranmin 6. Cedar Island 54 6WETLANHDS IN TH3E COASTAL ZONE the use of natural wetlands as tertiary treatment facilities for domestic waste water. Wetlands are areas where the land meets the water in a gradual transition, WATER SUPPLY characterized by wet soils or by plants adapted to a wet environment; a variety of Wetlands are increasingly recognized as a source of ground and surface water as coastal areas are categorized as wetlands, including salt marshes, freshwater or we experience dwindling ground and surface water supplies. A study of wetlands brackish water marshes, and tidal mudflats. on Hilton Head Island demonstrated that wetlands can provide significant Coastal wetlands are usually created by the flow of sediments into a bay, river recharge to underlying groundwater aquifers. Wetlands also store and purify mouth, or other shallow area, forming a delta. This delta gradually builds up to surface water that may be extracted at downstream points. an elevation above low tide level; at that point, plants such as spartina and other salt marsh species move in. These plants slow the currents and trap more HABITAT FOR WATERFOWL AND OTHER WILDLIFE sediments, causing the wetlands to expand further. As more sediment becomes Wetlands provide essential breeding, nesting, feeding, and predator escape trapped on the delta, upland plant species take over, converting prior wetlands to habitats for many forms of waterfowl, mammals and reptiles; these areas are uplands. among the richest wildlife habitats in the world. This concentration of wildlife is South Carolina contains some 504,445 acres of coastal marshes, 20% of the due to the presence of abundant water needed by all life forms, rich and diverse coastal wetlands on the East Coast. Of this amount 334,501 acres are classified as vegetation which serves as the basis for food chains, and adequate cover provided salt marsh. In addition to the large acreage of salt marsh, coastal South Carolina by both wetlands and shore vegetation. contains 34,962 acres of brackish-water and 64,531 acres of freshwater marsh. Almost 35 percent of all rare and endangered animal species are either located Tidal freshwater marshes are found along coastal rivers beyond the salt water in wetland areas or are dependent upon them. In South Carolina, Carolina Bays reach of high tide where the water is fresh or relatively low in salinity. Natural salt (a particular type of isolated wetland) are recognized as providing a remarkable marsh manufactures as much organic material as the richest, most productive diversity of habitat types. In addition, many endangered plant species also require wheat fields. All marsh areas play an important role in their contribution of wetland habitat. nutrients into the overall ecosystem and .in the habitat they provide for numerous FISH AND SHELLFISH land and aquatic species. Coastal wetlands are important sources of nutrients for commercial fin and Over the past three decades, we have begun to understand the many functions shellfish species. In addition, salt marshes provide protected nursing areas for the that wetlands perform as part of the natural system. We have also begun to fingerlings of important fishes. Most of our fish species that are of commercial or understand the hazards that can occur when wetlands are destroyed,. understand the hazards that can occur when wetlands are destroyed recreational importance either pass their entire lives in estuarine environments or FLOOD PROTECTION require estuaries as nursery grounds. Wetlands and adjacent floodplain lands form natural floodways that absorb flood waters. Coastal wetlands are subject to serious flood hazards due to deep EDUCATION AND RESEARCH and frequent inundation by storm surges and high tides. During extreme flood Many wetland areas may provide uniqu e ed ucational opportunities for nat ure observation and scientific study. For instance, the Baruch Institute at U.S.C. has events, such areas may be flooded to heights of 10 to 15 feet or more and received significant funding support by the National Science Foundation. One of buffeted by large waves. Coastalflood problemsgowmore sse woeveles. ten Long Term Ecological Research programs in the country, their work at North Coastal flood problems grow more serious as the world sea level slowly rises. Inlet (near Georgetown) is the only estuarine site so supported - because of its The filling of wetlands often increases flooding problems. The importance of wetlands in flood storage can be grasped when it is recognized that one acre of pristine, undisturbed nature. wetlands will hold 330,000 gallons of water if flooded to a depth of one foot. RECREATION Over twenty million Americans enjoy recreational fishing; many sport fishes BARRIER S TO WAVES AND EROSION are dependent upon wetlands as sources for food or spawning. Over three million Coastal wetlands reduce impact of storm tides and waves before they reach Americans hunt water fowl which depend on wetlands for feeding, breeding and upland areas. Waves break on wetland areas, dissipating much of their energy. resting. Millions more use binoculars and cameras for observing wetland birds Mats of wetland vegetation, with their complicated root systems, bind and protect and wildlife. Indeed, S.C. has become a major "birding" destination. soil against erosion. OPEN SPACE AND AESTHETIC VALUES POLLUTION CONTROL Both tidal and inland wetlands are areas of great diversity and beauty and Wetlands protect water bodies from sediments, nutrients, and other natural provide open space for recreational and visual enjoyment. Lands adjacent to and man-made pollutants. Wetland vegetation filters sediment, organic matter, scenic salt marshes bring prices of $40,000-$60,000 an acre in Cape Cod, and chemicals while micro-organisms utilize dissolved nutrients and break down Massachusetts, and even higher prices in some urban areas. We have seen similar organic matter. The Grand Strand Sewer and Water Authority is now studying trends here in South Carolina with respect to coastal resort developments. 55 GEORGETOWN COUNTY S.C. SHORE AND BEACH General Sites ~s 9~ 9~ 9~ y~ ~~PRESERVATION ASSOCIATION WACCA WACHE MARINA l e I I I I I The SOUTH CAROLINA SHORE AND BEACH PRESERVATION MURRELL'S INLET BOAT RAMP I l I I I I I I I ASSOCIATION is an organization comprised of concerned citizens, CEDAR HILL BOAT LANDING l I I IeiI I I I} elected officials, and other coastal experts whose primary mission is to MARLIN QUAY MARINA promote the conservation and/or restoration of the beaches of South BROOKGREEN GARDENS.- HUNTINGTON BEACH I I I I ICarolina for the benefit and enjoyment of the public. Brookgreen Gardens I Our sandy beaches are one of the most valuable natural resources of Huntington Beach St ate Pa rk � le I I I I I I I I I Ithis state. They are important to the quality of life of our people. They Huntington Beach Slate Park of fIof I I I 0 ~ Of I are, by far, the most popular outdoor recreation resource. They play a HUNTINGTON BEACH STATE PARK 01 I I I o1 I of I 0 101 key role in the economy of this state in that beaches are S.C.'s number PAWLEY'S ISLAND (North) BOAT RAMP 0 I I 0 I I 01 I I I one tourist attraction, bringing billions of dollars and creating thousands PAWLEY'S ISLAND (Middle) BOAT RAMP 0 I 0 I 0 of jobs. Good beaches and dunes also are vital in protecting coastal PAWLEY'S ISLAND (South) BOAT RAMP 0 I { 0 properties from hurricanes. They buffer the shoreline from storm surge, GEORGETOWN LANDING MARINA ]i I I I I01 I I I I I I I I 10 I the most destructive element of a hurricane. Enhancement of public CITY OF GEORGETOWN J beach access, therefore, is a main concern of the Association. Morgan Park O Beach erosion is a serious threat to the economy and general welfare of Riverwalk - Sampil River 1 I el I I eI I I I I I I I I I I I the people of S.C. To counter the menace of erosion, the Association GULF AUTO MARINA I of I I I I 01 I I I I I I I I I I I strongly supports sound programs for beach management and restoration RECREATION DEPT. BOAT RAMP (0 lel I I I e l I I I I I I I I I I I statewide. Through provision in their charter and by-laws, the TOWN OF PAWLEY'S ISLAND e I I of I I I I I I I Association is controlled by governments of coastal counties and municipalities and plans to function as the "voice" of local government � BARONY in beach preservation and shoreline matters. However, we recognize that BELLE ISLE MARINA I O� I I I I el I I I I I I I I I 101 all levels of government - local, state, and federal -have an important SOUTH ISLAND FERRY BOAT RAMP 0 { role to play in the preservation of our beaches. GEORGETOWN COUNTY PARKS & REC. The scope of the mission of the S.C. Shore and Preservation All Public Boat Ramps 0 Association involves everything that affects the preservation of S.C.'s Eas! Bay Park Eas Bay P a r k beaches and dunes. Thus, the Association is properly concerned with all Murrell's Inlet Community Center o I I matters relating to coastal zone management, coastal zoning and Murrell's Inlet Park 1 construction standards, growth management, environmental management, hurricane protection, private property rights, and other legislative or regulatory issues which relate to the beach and its use. TOM I I [] ]f I I I I I C I IT These issues often bring conflict between governmental agencies and Cat Island 0 1 l ei I el I I I I I I I I I I private interests. One of our roles is to provide leadership and expertise North Island of I el I I I I I I I I I I I to assist in resolving such conflicts in the greater public interest. SouthIsland D I I 0 I I I I I I I I I I I In carrying out our mission, the Association recognizes the following POLE YARD BOAT LANDING 56 I I l ot I I I I I I I I I I I basic convictions and goals: 56 GEORGETOWN COUNTY cV ~ Activities / , WACCA WACHE MARINA 1. We believe that beach erosion can be controlled or mitigated by MURRELL'S INLET BOAT RAMP modern methods of coastal engineering and that, properly designed, CEDAR HILL BOAT LANDING such projects can be undertaken without serious or long-lasting MARLIN QUAY MARINA 0 0 damage to marine plant and animal life. BROOKGREEN GARDENS - HUNTINGTON BEACH 2. We believe that beach nourishment is a viable and effective method Brookgreen Gardens of beach restoration and is a more desirable method of erosion Huntington Beach State Park 0 * * 0 0 * control than armoring the shoreline with bulkheads and seawalls. HUNTINGTON BEACH STATE PARK O PAWLEYNSTISANDONo) BOACH STATMPAK 3. We believe that, notwithstanding the proven efficacy of modern PAWLEY'S ISLAND (North) BOAT RAMP cosa ehiuesol e t coastal engineering techniques, high priority should be given to PAWLEY'S ISLAND (Middle) BOAT RAMP e encouraging scientific research in our public and private universities to seek even better methods of erosion control. GEORGETOWN LANDING MARINA 0 0 CITY OF GEORGETOWN 42 We believe in private property rights and the right of property Morgan Park 0 owners to make reasonable use of their private beachfront property, Riverwalk- Sampit River a so long as such does not impair the beach and dune system or GULF AUTO MARINA otherwise jeopardize public safety or the public interest. GULF AUTO MARINA 0 0 6 RECREATION DEPT. BOAT RAMP 5. We believe that it is in the public interest for governments at all levels to acquire additional public beaches to meet the growing TOWN Or PAWLEY'S ISLAND recreational needs of our citizens and visitors, and to furnish HOBCAW BARONY S adequate parking, restrooms, and other amenities for these public BELLE ISLE MARINA 0 beaches so they can be fully used and enjoyed. SOUTH ISLAND FERRY BOAT RAMP 0 GEORGETOWN COUNTY PARKS & REC. 6. We believe that people have a right to live along the shorelines of South Carolina and that they should not be deprived of this right except for reasons of human safety or preservation of the beaches. East Bay Park exep saet oftebahs We recognize that the combination of beach and ocean is S.C.'s Murrell's inlet Community Center greatest natural attraction and that a great many people desire to live Murrell's Inlet Park near the coast because of the high quality of life this affords. Pawley's Island Park TOM YAWKEY WILDLIFE CENTER 7. In developed coastal communities, we support the careful rebuilding Cat Island of deteriorating structures as preferable to new development of North Island * * * * * * * * * * virgin beachfronts. We view this reconstruction as an example of higher and better land use of our limited coastal land resources. We South Island 0 0 0* support government policies and incentives that encourage such POLE YARD BOAT LANDING sre ( o tat 59)u57 redevelopment. (continued on page 59) 5 GEORGETOWN COUNTY j WACCA WACHE MARINA 00 0 MURRELL'S INLET BOAT RAMP CEDAR HILL BOAT LANDING MARLIN QUAY MARINA 0 0 0 ( BROOKGREEN GARDENS. HUNTINGTON BEACH Brookgreen Gardens Huntington Beach State Park 0 0 0 0 HUNTINGTON BEACH STATE PARK 0 0 0 0 PAWLEY'S ISLAND (North) BOAT RAMP PAWLEY'S ISLAND (Middle) BOAT RAMP 0;0 PAWLEY'S ISLAND (South) BOAT RAMP GEORGETOWN LANDING MARINA CITY OF GEORGETOWN Morgan Park Riverwalk - Sampit River GULF AUTO MARINA 0 0 0 RECREATION DEPT. BOAT RAMP TOWN OF PAWLEY'S ISLAND HOBCAW BARONY BELLE ISLE MARINA SOUTH ISLAND FERRY BOAT RAMP GEORGETOWN COUNTY PARKS & REC. All Public Boat Ramps 0 East Bay Park Murrell's Inlet Community Center Murrell's Inlet Park 0 Pawley's Island Park TOM YAWKEY WILDLIFE CENTER Cat Island North Island South Island POLE YARD BOAT LANDING 58 / /> ,/// o Y* ~/ 5 AC// / 8. vA*We recognize that there are significant geological differences between barrier GEORGETOWN COUNTY / islands and that some are unsuitable and even hazardous for conventional C Environment/Access 1 development. However, we recognize that many of the larger and more M Jioor mentl~zess gii~rr stable barrier islands have proven themselves suitable for development and that reasonable development or redevelopment should be allowed. wAccA WACHE MARINA O WACCA WACINE MARINA 9. We are vitally concerned with the problem of evacuation of residents of low- MURRELL'S INLET BOAT RAMP lying coastal areas in advance of major hurricanes. We support legislation and active, workable private or public programs to enhance hurricane safety or MARLIN QUAY MARINA evacuation. BROOKgREEN GARDENS- HUNTINGTON REACH 10. We believe that the immediate coastal areas constitute a high hazard zone in storms and hurricanes and that it is a matter of public interest and safety to HuntingTon Beach STate Park require that all structures built within this zone be suitably designed so as ~~~~~~~~~~~HUNTINGTON BEACH STATE PARK Oto be considered hurricane resistant. PAWLEY'S ISLAND (North) BOAT RAMP 0 ~~PAWLEY ~'S ISLAND (Middle) BOAT RAMP~ 11. We oppose any erosion control project that would result in significant or ~~~~PAWLEY'S ISLAND (South~) BOAT RAMP ~long-term damage to marine plant or animal life. PAWLEY'S ISLAND (South) BOAT RAMP GEORGETOWN LANDING MARINA 0 The Association's scope of activities include: CITY OF GEORGETOWN IOUNC1. Working with local, state and federal agencies to promote the cause of beach Morgan Park 8 00preservation, conservation and/or restoration. Riverwalk - Sampis River S Rivealk - Sampit Riverk 2. Sponsoring educational programs such as conferences, seminars, and workshops. GULF AUTO MARINA 0 RECREATION DEPT. BOAT RAMP 0 3. Promoting public awareness of erosion control through newsletters, TOWN OF PAWLEY'S ISLAND I brochures, fact sheets, and publications of all kinds; publicity; speeches; and HOECAW BaRONY * * * * public service commercials on television and radio. BELLE ISLE MARINA a 4. Promoting education programs and research on beach preservation in public SOUTH ISLAND FERRY BOAT RAMP 0 and private universities. GEORGETOWN COUNTY PARKS & REC. 5. Sponsoring surveys, studies, and research. All Public Boat Ramps 6. Sponsoring or supporting legal actions in the interest of sound erosion East Bay Park onsol Murrell's Inlet Community Center Murrell's Inlet Park 7. Seeking to resolve disputes between governmental entities on erosion control matters. Pawley's Island Park TOM YAWKEY WILDLIFE CENTER 8. Working with local, state, or national organizations to improve erosion Cat Island control programs around the country. North Island 0 QFor more information about the S.C. Shore and Beach Preservation South Island I N Association, contact Richard Beck, Mayor, City of Folly Beach, P.O. Box 22, FollyBeach, SC 29439. (continued from page 57) 59 59 GEORGETOWN COUNTY Site Descriptions Tom Yawkey Wildlife Center - Considered one of the most outstanding gifts to wildlife conservation in North America, the Tom Yawkey Wildlife Center is comprised of North, South, and most of Cat Island. The property was willed to the S.C. Wildlife and Marine Resources Department in 1976 by the late Tom Marlin Quay Marina - Offers offshore fishing, condo rentals, boat slips (for Yawkey. The Center is principally dedicated to wildlife protection, management, sale or lease), and the Gulf Stream Cafe Restaurant; located 1� miles off Hwy. 17 research, and education. Public/visitor use is carefully monitored and controlled. near Kingfisher Pier, then 21/2 miles south on Waccamaw Drive, 803/651-4444. Prearranged guided trips, which include a tour of Cat and South Islands, must be Brookgreen Gardens - Brookgreen Gardens is a private/eleemosynary scheduled several months in advance. organization supported by charity and other contributions. The Cat Island portion is utilized as a wildlife preserve and research area. Access is available only on weekly guided field trips on a reservation basis (trips Huntington Beach State Park - Huntington Beach is a unique, unspoiled, limited to 14 people). coastal park where a wide diversity of fresh water and saltwater flora and fauna The North Island portion is designated as a barrier island wilderness area. The can be observed in its natural environment. Atalaya, a historical site on the park, public must provide their own boat access and realize that the upland and island is a unique structure which was the studio and seasonal home of the late Anna forests are closed except for research projects. The beachfront only is open year- Hyatt Huntington, a famous sculptress. There are several public pathways leading round and is accessible only by boat. to the oceanfront for park visitors. For more information, call the park at 237- The South Island section is utilized as a wildlife preserve, waterfowl refuge, and 4440. Parking fees are $2/car, $12/bus, and $15/seasonal pass. research area. Access to the beach area alone is permitted by boat. Pawley's Island (North) Boat Ramp - Parking here is very limited. Remember, the Tom Yawkey area is not accessible by land (boat access only). All visitors must make reservations in advance by contacting Tom Yawkey Pawley's Island (Middle) Boat Ramp - Small cement boat ramp in fair Wildlife Center, Rt. 2, Box 181, Georgetown, S.C. 29440 or by calling condition; parking is very limited; bad drop off at low tide. 803/546-6814. Pawley's Island (South) Boat Ramp - Oyster shell/mud ramp in poor condition; parking is limited. Riverwalk-Sampit River - Construction of a new boardwalk along the Sampit River will be available to boaters beginning in the spring/summer of 1988; the boardwalk runs two city blocks and provides access to shopping, restaurants, and CITY OF PAWLEY'S ISLAND museums, all within the historic district of Georgetown. Recreation Department Boat Ramp - Two small docks on site to assist boaters. 1. South end 1. large parking lot Hobcaw Barony - Hobcaw Barony is a private/non-profit foundation and has 2. Pritchard St. West 2. boat ramp no daily access other than staff guided programs by reservation only; small fees 3. Pritchard St. East 3. beach access are charged for guided tours and special programs; Bellefield Nature Center, 4. Haggard St. 4. beach access located just off Hwy. 17, is open to the public year-round Mon. through Fri. from 10 am until 5 pm and on Sat. from 1 pm until 5 pm; call 803/546-4623 for 5. N. Causeway 5. beach access more information. 6. 1st St. 6. beach access Belle Isle Marina - Parking fee is $4/boat or car; transient boaters welcome by 7. 2nd St. 7. beach access water; shore space limited; access by land through private club grounds. 8. Pearce St. 8. beach access South Island Ferry Boat Ramp - Two small docks to assist boaters; access to 9. 3rd St. West 9. boat ramp the ferry is next to the ramp; this site is located in a conservation area. 10. 3rd St. East 10. beach access Georgetown County Parks and Recreation - Throughout the sections of 11. Shell Road West 11. boat ramp Georgetown County that include Garden City, North Litchfield, and 12. Shell Road East 12. beach access Litchfield beaches, numerous public walkways to the beach exist but there are no designated public parking areas; sites in these beach areas offer access primarily to property owners and vacation rental tenants. 60 TRENDS IN S.C. FISHING TOURNAMENTS Fishing tournaments are big business in South Carolina. During the past ten years the numbers of tournaments held each year has grown steadily. There were 83 tournaments in 1987, nearly three times as many as in 1978. Most tournaments have general categories such as offshore fishing, inshore fishing or a combination of both. By far, combination type tournaments that include both inshore and offshore fishing are most numerous. Some sponsors, however, do host single species tournaments. These tournaments may target less sought after or less common fish. A toadfish tournament was held for two consecutive years in Hilton Head, and the traditionally unpopular toadfish was elevated to celebrity status while a toadfish queen was crowned. Single species tournaments also included those for cobia, swordfish, blue marlin, flounder, king mackerel and spotted seatrout. King mackerel and spotted seatrout tournaments are the most popular single species tournaments held each year. The king mackerel has gained tremendous popularity as a choice fish for tournaments and ranks behind only the combination inshore/offshore category. While numerous general offshore fishing competitions are held each year more specific categories, such as billfish and shark tournaments are also popular. These two categories, while almost equal in popularity, usually attract a totally different type of fisherman and boat size. In general, those fishing in billfish tournaments do so from plush motor yachts that race offshore to fish in deep water near the Gulf Stream. Shark fishermen typically use boats ranging from 14 feet to small yachts and fish within three miles of shore. During the past few years, the emphasis of single species tournaments has changed from inshore or nearshore species to prestigious offshore species such as tuna, sailfish and blue marlin. Tagging and/or release of billfish is becoming an important part of many tournaments. In general, however, single species tournaments are still far outnumbered by the more general categories of inshore or offshore fishing or the combination of both. The exception to this is the increasing popularity of king mackerel tournaments. The timing of tournaments is very important to the success of the fishing effort. The first tournaments to take place each year are the billfish competitions held during May and June which coincide with their spring migrations. Billfish are caught throughout the rest of the summer fishing season but usually in fewer numbers. The summer months are filled with a menagerie of other competitions: children's fishing contests; pier fishing; sailboats only; ladies only, etc. September and October are the months of choice for king mackerel tournaments, including the famous Arthur Smith Tournament which draws more boat entries than any other fishing tournament and is billed as the "World's Largest." Most inshore seatrout tournaments take place in November, and a few last chance billfish tournaments are also held around Thanksgiving. Tournaments create much excitement and draw large numbers of spectators to watch the day's catch be weighed. Each of these events provides a finarcial boost to the coastal economy and often raises funds for donation to charitable organizations. While having a winning fish adds to the fun and excitement, for many, just the chance to spend time fishing with friends is reward enough. 61 S.C. FISHING TOURNAMENTS (1978-1987) Category Percent Occurrence Inshore/Offshore Combination 20% Offshore Only 17.5% King Mackerel 17.5% Billfish Species 12% Shark Species 10% Inshore only 10% Spotted Seatrout 4% Blue Marlin 3% Tarpon 2% Sailfish 0.8% Cobia 0.6% Flounder 0.6% Spanish Mackerel 0.6% Toadfish 0.6% Swordfish 0.3% Tuna 0.3% Spadefish 0.3% FOR MORE INFORMATION Georgetown County contact: Georgetown County Chamber of Commerce 600 Front Street (Zip - 29440) P.O. Box 1776 Georgetown, SC 29442 803/546-8436 62 CHARLESTON COUNTY Charleston County is a region of contrasts, encompassing both the wild beauty and Magnolia Plantation and Gardens, two of the nation's oldest, are both on of places such as Cape Romain National Wildlife Refuge and the sophisticated Scenic Highway S.C. 61. Charles Towne Landing, off S.C. 171 three miles from charm of Charleston's Historic District. downtown Charleston, is on the site of the original English settlement and During the Colonial era, Charleston was a thriving port, a city where a steady features gardens, a wild animal park, pavilions and exhibits. Cypress Gardens, 24 stream of ships brought a cosmopolitan flavor and prosperity to merchants and miles north of Charleston on S.C. 52, offers visitors colorful flowers, ebony planters. The era's legacy and other attractions draw visitors today, to see Fort waters and the haunting loveliness of cypress trees laced with moss. Sumter, house museums, historic churches, the Patriot's Point Naval and Nature lovers will be intrigued by Cape Romain National Wildlife Refuge, a Maritime Museum, fine restaurants, antique shops and other intriguing sights. A 64,229-acre sanctuary that includes Bulls Island, Cape Island, Raccoon Key, and stop at the Charleston Visitor Information Center at 85 Calhoun St. will provide Moore's Landing. The Santee Coastal Reserve off U.S. 17 is a 24,000-acre state- all the brochures a vacationer could want. operated wildlife preserve, with trails for walking, biking or canoeing. The coastal location means fine beaches, including those of Folly Beach, State parks in Charleston County include Hampton Plantation near Sullivan's Island and the Isle of Palms. Close to Charleston are the exclusive McClellanville, the ancestral home of the state's late poet laureate Archibald island resorts - Kiawah Island, the Wild Dunes Beach and Racquet Club and Rutledge, and Givhan's Ferry State Park, 16 miles west of Summerville, where Seabrook Island - all renowned for their protected natural beauty and plush cabins and camping can be enjoyed near the black waters of the Edisto River. Six accommodations. miles south of Summerville on S.C. 642 is Old Dorchester State Park, with picnic Charleston County is also famous for its beautiful gardens. Middleton Place areas where a community, abandoned in 1778, once thrived. 65 M.CLE~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~I 0 I 2 3 4 MLLESIL I 2 1 2 3 4 I ICA LDTEA 1. Murphy Island 2. Cape Island 3. McClellanville Boat Landing 66 4. Raccoon Key DUNE ZONE VEGETATION the front and (4) back slopes of the back dunes. Slacks may be moist or dry. A continuous pattern of dune growth and plant variety exists beginning at the There is much interest and discussion these days about beach erosion. Most of ocean's edge with the smallest dunes and the fewest species of plants, increasing in the controversy focuses on the ways in which the various aspects of development size and variety going landwards. As each dune line becomes more protected may affect the shifting supply of sands that move on and off our beaches. Yet, the when new dunes are formed closer to the ocean, the number of plant species on vegetation on our beaches and barrier islands plays an important role in both the dunes and between the dunes increases. This plant zonation, characteristic of a accretion (sand build-up) and erosion. If we walk across the beaches and dune maturing or accreting beach, is determined by two major factors - the salt spray fields of a barrier island, we can begin to see these interactions. carried by the onshore winds and the tidal saltwater immersion of the plant roots. Although part of a dynamic maritime ecosystem dominated by the energy Vegetation nearest the ocean is limited to pioneer, salt tolerant plants. forces of winds and tides and currents, barrier islands are relatively stable because In Zone 1 a sand platform has developed parallel with the wrack line closest to of their ability to absorb these forces and even utilize them for growth. They are the edge of the sea, about 6" high, 20' in depth and hundreds of feet long. The made up of dune ridges grown old, heavily vegetated, even supporting a mature or dead and decaying plant and animal materials called detritus or debris making up climax maritime forest in the interior. In the case of Seabrook Island, these old the wrack lines are also scattered all over this platform showing the area of interior dune ridges are estimated to be about 4,000 years old. It is the beach overwash of extra high tides. It is here plant life begins. The decaying materials front and edges of these islands which shows constant change, accreting and begin to form a "soil" or nutrient bed of some stability in normal weather, eroding over time. offering a "home" for a wandering seed or piece of root to settle in and sprout Figure 1: diagrams what has occurred on one section of Seabrook Island. The into a green plant. beach has been building up as the result of the relocation of Captain Sam's Inlet, This initial plant growth forms an obstacle for the approaching wave runs, expanding the beachfront and building new dunes. Seabrook Island is now making them break and drop sand at the bases of the plants, forming a small providing us with the opportunity to see the role of vegetation in dune formation. mound. With each succeeding wave run depositing grains of sand at the plant Seven zones are delineated in this drawing, defined by their degree of exposure roots, the little bunch of green sprouts can grow into a sturdy clump sitting on or protection from the wind and the sea. Three major dune habitats are top of a more substantial mound, which we can call the beginning of a vegetated considered: 1) front dunes (2) back dunes (3) interdunes or slacks. There are dune. Jutting out of these small dune mounds are sprouts of Russian Thistle, also 4 mini-habitats: (1) the front and (2) back slopes of the front dunes and (3) Seabeach Orach, Croton, Cord Grass and Sea Rocket,(Zones 1-2.) (continued on page 69) (2 3 4 M (7) (1) (2) (a ) (4) (5) (6) r CAGb7iare TRAHSITION SgRUD ZONE INTEITIDA NEW DUNE FIELD OLD CH NEL FRONT DUNES ZNTEIITIO N S (100') (45') NEW WRACK LINE (100' 1 2 3-475 6-7 Cabbage PalLie Dead Cd -.or d ras Bitter Pan Beach P enny orl (Sabal almetto) (Spartins aIltcrnlflora) (Sp-rtina spl. ) I Panlcum smarulu) (gydroc.tyle bo-aricn-e1) Catbrlers Seaweeds Croton Sea Oats Broomatraw (Smlax spp) (Sargaseum app.) (Croton puntcatiu) (Sniola pantcalast) (AndrPpogon spp.) Live Oak Ruei.an Thistle Sea Elder Butterfly Pea (aera rii) (Salsolan kll) (Iva imbrlata) (Clitoris marlana) Piecs Butt.nweed (P-lnu. pp.) Seabeach Orach Dlttonaed (Pier ip.) (Atrlplex arenaria) Sedges (Diadia tere) Red lay Sea Rocket (Cyperus spp.) Camphorweed (Persea borbolvi) (Cakilc harperS) er (Reterotheca subaxlllaris)a Creeper (chlorlS petraca) Cord Grass (Perthenoeiasua quiieufcolia) Iodeerod M(Spartlna pateoe) Nar Myrtle (Solidago app.) (Myrica cerlfera) eorse eed Wild Craps (Crigeren .anadelois) (Vltie aopp.) Love crase Yaupon Nolly (Eraeroetls pilosa) (Ilex vomitoris) Muhly Gra.s (Muhienbergla spp. ) (Conchsia trlbuloldao) Sea Pinks Fig. 1 Slne Zones and daoinalnt apecls. (Sebatla etellarl)6 67 WAA,~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~A 4?~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~4 ~~~~~SUND SCALE 1. Buck Hall Boat Landing 2. Buck Hall Recreation Area 3. Bull Island 4. Moore's Boat Landing 5. Capers Island S. Paradise Island Boat Landing 68 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~7. Gadsenville Boat Landing (continued from page 67) Photographs were taken on Seabrook's North Beach on February 12, 1988. About 100' further landward (Zone 3) the dunes are larger, closer together, beginning to form a continuous dune line 6-12' high, surmounted by Sea Oats waving like standards in a breeze. Sea Elder and Bitter Panicum are added to the existing plants mentioned above. These new, front dunes are limited in plant species. Only very few plants have adapted to the harsh, saline conditions of wind and tide. Those which have adapted have done so by means of mechanisms which keep excess salt molecules out of their cell sap, reduce moisture loss through their leaves, and stimulate rapid growth. Mostly, they are grasses and other forbs with narrow leaves and seed heads dependent on wind dispersal for pollination. They may have tiny flowers and succulent leaves and stems. Sea Oats and Cord Grasses, typical of the foremost dunes, rapidly develop roots which grow several feet into the sand. A 6" Sea Oats plant can have 5' roots. These roots strengthen the dunes mound by helping retain sand. About 50' farther landward is a low area, a moist slack (Zone 4), part of the old creek channel, where water still collects as evidenced by the darker sand and Figure 2 represents Zones , 2, 3 of the diagram Figure the plants growing there. Running here and there in this low area, like birds' footprints, are the purplish strands of Cord Grasses, 1-2" high. As they grow m together they cover the ground like a lawn planted here and there with groups of herbaceous plants such as Camphorweed, Pennywort, Sedges, Muhly Grasses. This is possible because of the protection and moisture offered by the slack. (Zone 5) is the new, stable front dune at the end of the boardwalk which once marked the high water mark when the beach was eroding. It is a continuous, board dune ridge, about 6' high, heavily covered with vegetation including a thick stand of Sea Oats. The dominant plants are the same as in Zone 3, but the back slope (Zone 6) and the dry slack behind the dune (Zone 7) are dominated by woody shrubs, almost entirely Wax Myrtle which can tolerate salt spray more than most woody shrubs. When one stands at a house deck facing the sea, shrubs seem to be marching down the beach, decreasing in height, blending into the newer dunes as they, too, decrease in height on their march to the sea. Going further landward, behind the houses, the shrub thicket grows ever taller and more dense as it becomes more protected, adding Yaupon Hollies, Red Bay, Magnolias, gure s Zone , 5 Pines and Live Oaks to its species- all woody plants which are mildly salt '' ' tolerant. Zone 7 delineates the area where salt spray intensity has decreased to such a "; !' degree that a transitional woody shrub thicket can be present. The canopy of this thicket, however, shows the espaliered or sheared effect of even the reduced salt spray still carried by strong winds. Zones 5, 6, & 7 can be called a dune-forest community, an important barrier between the open dunes and the seaward margin of the maritime forest, or the salt marsh, Here the shrub zone blends into the high marsh plants of the salt marsh behind it. If there is a maritime forest the shrub canopy increases in height, the espaliered effect disappears and the shrubs blend into the mature forest vegetation. Each zone area, beginning at the shore line, protects the one behind it from wind and salt spray. Destruction of any zone allows sand and salt spray to move further back toward the land. Severe erosion of the shrub zones can cause sand and salt spray to move into the maritime forest or the salt marsh behind them, Figure 4 represents Zone 6. destroying more sensitive plant species and filling the marshes with sand. 69 CH T ~ ~ ~ ~ � 1. eto Boat anding I ~~~~~~~~~~3. Isle of Palms Recreation Dept. 4. Isle of Palms Boat Landing 'S. Yacht Club, Toler's Cove Marina 6. Fort Moultrie A 11' ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~7. Old Pitit Street Bridge ~�ro~: 8. Sham Creek Marina S1. Shem Creekoi Boat Landing aJ 9~~~~~~1. RkemleysPoin Boat Landing HA ~~~~~~~~~~~~~11. Fort Sumter Naational Monument 1 3. Filbin Creek Boat Landing 3- ' __'~'~'~~'~'~-~tC~-~"~�fr\~~~l ~( 1 ~~ 4-~ iq$~14. Wando Woods Boat Landing I S. Pier Pointco Boat Landing i ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~A ~~~~~~~~~__ " 2. Wild Dunes Yacht Harbor ~--~- !"'~ ~3. Ilse of Palms Recreation Dept. Is-:'~~~ .--- _4 16.se of Palms Boat Landing _ OldPitt~7. o Street Bridgearina 18. Prittl'bank Park ~--:.'~~%, 1- . Ashley Marina 20. Charleston Municipal Marina 21. Shepoo Cutreek Boat Landing 22. Wive R and Toraceo Boat Landing 12. White Point Gardens 24. Wbnaterfront P ark 25. Marine Resources Center 26. Westchester P ark ,SS___VAN _ ' '"N 127. Countlly slFarmnd Boat Landing '~'~-~- i o i 18. Brittlebank ParkV esort =.. 19. FoAshley Bearinark 7? '~#~-*~- 20. Charleston Municipal Marina .... ~ �" ... . 21. ~~~~~~~~~~~Wappoo Cut Boat Landing 22. Riverland Terrace Boat Landing -7,;_*__ owo 23. White Point Gardens I ~.~.___ FOLLY. B EACH.__... 24. Waterfront Park 25. Miarine Resources Center / ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~26. Westchester Park / - . . '�*~' ...... 27. Folly Island Boat Landing B KJLC....... 28. Pelican Cove RV Resort 29. Folly Beach County Park LOCATIONS OF SOUTH CAROLINA ARTIFICIAL REEFS AND WRECKS OFFSHORE LOCATION AND BEARINGS DESCRIPTION ARTIFICIAL REEFS Little River Reef Loran C-45424.0/59402.6; 2 buoys mark reef, bearing 1250 Consists of 25,000 auto tires and 8 Army "BK" barges, 60 tire/ m/2.7 NM from south jetty at Little River Inlet. concrete structures and two trolling alleys. Water depth 20-30'. Little River Offshore Reef Loran C-45386.5/59419.0; 1 buoy marks reef, bearing 1560 Consists of a trolling alley and three 55 foot long boats. Water m/10.5 NM from Little River Inlet. depth 50-60'. Springmaid Pier Reef Located adjacent to the Springmaid Fishing Pier in Myrtle Beach. Consists of 100 tire/concrete reef units placed 100 to 150 feet south of the pier. BP-25 Reef Loran C-45306.0/59551.4; Reef is unmarked, ship bears 1730 Consists of a 160' ship and 2 trolling alleys. Water m/29.5 NM from the buoy (2LR) at Little River Inlet and 1130 depth 90-95'. m/31/5 NM from the buoy (BWMI) at Murrells Inlet. Paradise Reef Loran C-45465.0/59762.1; 4 buoys mark reef, bearing 1050 Consists of 60,000 tires plus various barges and other vessels. m/3.2 NM from south jetty at Murrells Inlet. Water depth 30-35'. Ten Mile Reef Loran C-45418.0/59736.7; 3 buoys mark reef, bearing 1300 Consists of 14,000 tires, various vessels, 200' ship and trolling m/9.5 NM from south jetty at Murrells Inlet. alley between 2 large buoys. Water depth 34-45'. Pawleys Island Reef Loran C-45456.9/59814.9; 2 buoys mark reef, bearing 1770 Consists of 31,000 tires and various landing craft. Water depth m/5.5 NM from south jetty at Murrells Inlet. 23-35'. Georgetown Reef Loran C-45411.3/59882.8; 2 bouys mark reef, bearing 0740 Consists of 90' shipwreck, a trolling alley, 2 barges and m/7.6 NM from end of Winyah Bay jetty. eleven 12-ton steel scaffolds. Water depth 35-39'. Hector Reef Loran C-45380.3/60027.1; Marked by Coast Guard buoy Consists of broken-up steel-hulled freighter and 4 Army "BK" (WR-4), bearing 1760 m/11.7 NM from the buoy (2WB) at end of barges. Water depth 12-30'. Vermilion Reef Loran C-45265.5/59833.6; Single ship reef bearing 1170 Consists of 460' victory ship. Water depth 110'. m/27.5 NM from the south jetty at Winyah Bay. Cape Roman Reef Loran C-59996.0/45363.2; 1 buoy marks reef, bearing 1730 Consists of a 100' barge, a trolling alley and a 55' boat. Water m/12.0 NM from the buoy (2WB) at end of Winyah Bay jetty. depth 55-65'. Capers Reef (R-8) Loran C-45438.2/60370.4; 3 state buoys and Coast Guard buoy Consists of various-sized ship and boat hulls and 30,000 auto R-8 - mark reef, bearing 0800 m/12.2 NM from offshore end of tires. Water depth 20-45'. Charleston jetties. Kiawah Reef (4 KI) Loran C-45493.1/60693.6; 2 buoys mark reef, bearing 1150 Consists of large drydock, L.C.U., a trolling alley, barge, m/6.5 NM from N. Edisto Inlet buoy (2NE). pontoons and 30,000 tires. Water depth 20-40'. Y-73 Reef Loran C-45317.8/60321.0; Single ship reef bearing 1140 Consists of a 180' ex-US Army coastal tanker. Water depth 95'. m/27 NM from the Charleston Harbor south jetty. Edisto Offshore Reef Loran C-45382.0/60698.6; 2 buoys mark reef, bearing 1580 Each buoy marks a sunken ship. A trolling alley lies between the m/23.5 NM from Stono Inlet. buoys. Water depth 65-70'. Hunting Island Reef Loran C-45525.1/60964.5; 2 buoys mark reef, bearing 1430 Consists of barges, a trolling alley and 30,000 tires, most m/8.5 NM from Fripp Inlet. midway between buoys. Water depth 35-50'. (continued on page 73) 71 "7 37~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 7;~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~7z ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~33 -~~~~~~~~~~~ON irs 3,74____~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~CL 4 / *033000 $ :3' ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~mu' ~~~44.H73O -~~~~~~~~~~~- - - - .~~~~~~~~~ - 0,; a d -~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~1 Stn Marina I n c . 7 0044 0~~~~~~2 Battery Island Boa t Landin 3~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~~3 Joh P ~.-. Lieos Boa La5nding~o ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~. B lwBatandn & ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~.BahakrPr ~~~~~~~~~~*0" ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~.Bh ce Mrn ilg HORSE~ ~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~7 C her r P joint Bot anin 72~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~CL (continued from page 71) Fripp Island Reef Loran C-45546.0/60969.0; 2 buoys mark reef, bearing 1400 Consists of 50,000 auto tires mostly around small buoy and a m/5.8 NM from Fripp Island. trolling alley. Water depth 30-35'. Betsy Ross Reef Loran C-45504.3/61062.8; Port Royal channel entrance buoy Buoys mark each end of liberty ship. (2PR). Hilton Head Reef Loran C-45548.0/61178.5; 3 buoys mark reef, bearing 1950 Consists of 8,000 tires, several barges and a trolling alley. Water m/5.0 NM. Port Royal sea buoy (2PR). depth 38-55'. Fishamerica Reef Loran C-45616.7/61186.2; 2 buoys mark reef, bearing 2790 Consists of concrete bridge railings and 400 tons of concrete m/5.0 NM from Port Royal Sound channel buoy "9". pipe placed in rows between the buoys. Water depth 5-9'. INSHORE ARTIFICIAL REEFS Gray Bay Inshore Reef Lat/Long-32049.0'N/079046.3'W; Marked by 10 sets of range Consists of P.V.C., tire, concrete and steel units in rows lined up markers 850 yards south of Eagle Island, north of the Isle on the ranges. Water depth 5-8'. of Palms. South Edisto Inshore Lat/Long-32032.3'N/080�23.3'W; Marked by 4 sets of range Consists of four 100-yard-long bands of material lined up on markers 2,100 yards due east of Fenwick Cut. ranges. Concrete, tires and P.V.C. pipe were used. Water depth 15-23'. WRECKS General Sherman Wreck Loran C-45412.8/59455.1; Marked by 1 buoy, bearing Steel-bulled, former blockade runner, Sank in 1874. Water 1830 m/7.0 NM mouth of Little River Inlet. depth 47-50'. City of Richmond Wreck Lat/Long-33001.8'N/078055.5'W; Near Coast Guard buoy 250' steel-hulled ferry boat. Water depth 18-49'. WR-2A. Bears 136 m/14.3 NM from Winyah Bay entrance. Fripp Island Drydock Loran C-45566.5/60981.3; Marked by Coast Guard buoy, Steel-hulled drydock section. Water depth 32'. Wreck bearing 1500 m/3.0 m from Fripp Inlet. General Gordon Wreck Loran C-45580.6/61097.2; Marked by 1 buoy, bearing 0900 250' iron-hulled sailing vessel. Water depth 6-18'. Use caution m/2.0 NM from Port Royal Sound channel buoy "14". at low tide. Gaskin Banks Wreck Loran C-45609.8/61200.9; Wreck is unmarked. Bears 2730 Scattered accumulation of railroad rails lost by large barge. m/5.7 NM from Port Royal South channel buoy "5". Water depth 4-10". Use caution at low tide. 73 ' ~ ; . :~.....i ,~"'. ' -:=-'."J:---_~: �!=?:'j ~/'~ .... 7' ~~~~~~~-~ "~~' ~, .,.. ~~~~~~SBORH~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ �((i Il ~ ~ ~" i~ �~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~�EI* ~~~~~~o~ --~'~,i;--'----C� ----- ~ ~' ~ .ao,.art - - �~~~~~B* ~.,~ .:~ :~~~~~~~~~~~~~~1 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~s ud~ . dlU" ~ ~ ~ . . . ~ ~o*,~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~�bi~ ....~ . . Ib--- I " -~~~~~o~" ~, ,~~aulnu~r ~~~~'~-c... ~.- __.I'------n S emboa BoLadn -'/ f ~ . PnngCrek BatLanin ~~~~2~~~~~�~~~~~\5~~~~5. - Wii-w Biufi-~x B-oaLndg 1. SOUTH CAROLINA'S ARTIFICIAL FISHING REEFS South Carolina is fortunate in having some of the most exciting saltwater recreational fishing opportunities available anywhere along the entire cast coast of the United States. For the past twenty years, a considerable share of the most <> productive offshore angling taking place off this state has been centered around fishing over shipwrecks and other locations on which man-made structures have intentionally or unintentionally been placed. Whether deliberately sunk or not, these materials have in time provided a basis for the development of a vastly productive and complex community of marine life. The rich assembledges of fish on these areas, as well as the multitude of invertebrates represented by everything from soft corals and sponges to crabs and barnacles, are criticall linked toth presence of hard substrate on an otherwise barren and featureless sand bottom. Over the years these "man-made" areas considered fishing hot spots by saltwater sportfishermen have become known as artificial reefs. _ The term artificial reef is a bit misleading, since there is nothing at all artificial about the processes that result in their formation. These same processes occur on areas offshore where underlying rock has been exposed through the sand on the ocean floor. The hard surfaces of these rocks provide substrate for the formation of "natural reefs" which are known by fishermen as "live bottoms." Only a very small percentage of the sea floor off South Carolina is considered to be "live bottoms." The rest is covered with sand, and not tremendously productive from a sportfisherman's point of view. Artificial reefs are created by placing a man- made material, such as concrete, Steel, plastic or rubber on an unproductive sand Steel hulled barges are a common form of material on many of South Carolina's artificial bottom area to provide a hard substrate similar to rock for the natural formation reefs. of a reef community. Although it takes many years for the reef to develop and mature, fishermen begin to notice positive results usually within a year of a reef establishment. Through this development of otherwise non-productive sandy areas of ocean bottom into reefs, fisheries managers can provide recreational or even commerical fishermen with readily located sites of enhanced fishing opportunities in addition to those available as a result of the natural geology of the sea floor. Although artificial reefs have become extremely popular among saltwater recreational anglers in the U.S. during the past two decades, they are by no means a new idea. The Japanese have relied on submerged man-made structures of one form or another for over 200 years to enhance various aspects of their commercial fishing industry. Today millions of dollars are spent by the Japanese government each year to continue reef development on a scale which is rivaled no where else in the world. The first documented use of artificial reefs to improve coastal fishing in the U.S. occurred right here in South Carolina in the late 1830's. At that time, fishermen commonly caught large numbers of sheepshead around trees which had fallen into the estuaries and become encrusted with barnacles, a favorite food of these fish. Clearing of these same coastal lands for the cultivation of sea-island cotton began removing the natural supply of newly fallen trees along the waters edge, and with the disappearance of the trees, sheepshead fishing soon began to decline. Realizing the important link between the trees, barnacles and fish, fishermen set about constructing South Carolina's first artificial reefs. These reefs consisted of hut-like structures 5 to 6 feet high constructed from Oak or pine logs Black Sea Bass and White Girunts are common bottom fish on offshore artificial reefs. 7 CHARLESTON COUNTY General Sites o o ~~~~ ~ ~ and floated to a desired location in about 8 feet of water. The huts were ~~ .~9 ~5s~�~o'~~ c~ ci" ci" ~ sunk and held in place by filling each one with stones and live oak SANTEE COASTAL RESERVE 0 000*0timbers. After a few weeks, barnacles began to grow on the logs, and WASHO RESERVE o0 sheepshead returned once again in abundance. CAPE ROMAIN NAT. WILDLIFE REFUGE Despite South Carolina's relatively early start in artificial reef Bull's Island autilization, it was not until over 100 years later that further reef Cape Island a construction efforts took place to improve coastal fishing opportunities. Moore's Landing 9 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~During the early 1960's following a great deal of talk about success of Raccoon Key 0 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~artificial reef projects in other states such as Florida, Alabama and Raccoon Key 0 0 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~California, enthusiasm was once again sparked among the state's McCLELLANVILLE BOAT LANDING ~~~~~~~~~~saltwater recreational fisherman towards developing reefs of their own. B3UCK HALL RECREATION AREA 0 Offshore artificial reef construction was carried out byseveralprvtl BUCK HALL LANDING ~~~~~~~~~~~~established groups inthe s tt searly as1961. As in other parts of the MOORE'S BOAT LANDING 000country, many of these organizations were formed specifically for the CAPERS ISLAND o0 0purpose of building artificial fishing reefs along a particular area of the PARADISE ISLAND BOAT LANDING 0 00coast. GADSENVILLE BOAT LANDING 0 00These first modern day reefs were constructed in offshore waters, 3 to WILD DUNES YACHT HARBOR o *12 miles out, and were made up of a conglomeration of automobile DETCO BOAT LANDING bodies, school buses, large household appliances, automobile tires and ISLE OF PALMS RECREATION DEPT. 0 00various other forms of scrap material. Most reefs were marked in some ISLE OF PALMS BOAT LANDING 0 00fashion, but frequent loss of buoys due to storms or vandalism made CITY OF ISLE OF PALMS ~~~~~~~~~~~~finding them sometimes difficult or impossible. By 1967, six permanent CITY OF ISLE OF PALMS ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~artificial reefs had been established along the South Carolina coast, Breach Inlet 00 00providing easy access to one or more reefs from each major coastal Handicapped Walkway 0population area. Pedestrian Beach Access 0 00In 1967, steps were taken through the use of state and federal funding Public Dunte Walkovers - laOth & 14th 0 0*00to upgrade the condition of most of the artificial reefs already Public Parking Lots 0 0*00 established. This was accomplished by improving the quality and Yacht Harbor Marina - 41st Ave 0quantity of materials added to these locations. Hundreds of thousands of TOWN OF SULLIVAN'S ISLAND 0 o0automobile and truck tires were sunk on the reefs, as well as a large YACHT CLUB, TOLER'S COVE MARINA 0e0number of steel hulled boats, barges and larger vessels. Most of these OLD PITT STREET BRIDGE 0 00materials are still in place today after twenty years of service. SHEM GREEK BOAT LANDING ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ To better manage South Carolina's efforts in utilizing artificial reefs for SHEM CREEK MARINA ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ recreational fisheries enhancement, a state-maintained reef program SHEM CREEK MARINA 0 0 0 0 ~~~~~~~~~~under the supervision of the South Carolina Wildlife and Marine NATIONAL PARK SERVICE ~~~~~~~~~~~Resources Department was established in 1973. This program has taken Fort Moultrie 0000responsibility for all permitting, construction, and marking of artificial 76 CHARLESTON COUNTY General Sitetes 494499 C?0� .�, C/ ? 5 /&/3//o/t/ o & ///95/r9/Y//o//t///o/��r'//�og//H///reefs off the coast, and as a result, South Carolina now has one of the Fort Sumter Nat. Monument 0 O � best developed systems of reefs accessible to fishermen anywhere in the REMLEY'S POINT BOAT LANDING U.s. FORT SUMTER TOURS There are now 22 permitted artificial reefs along the coast, from Little Charleston City Marina * River Inlet to Hilton Head Island. These reefs are found in inshore, Patriot's Point O nearshore, and offshore waters, and are designed to provide a wide range NAVAL STATION MARINA of anglers with an opportunity to access one or more reefs from most of FILBIN CREEK BOAT LANDING eb e 1 the popular points of entry for saltwater recreational fishing. Although FILBIN CREEK BOAT LANDING the majority of these reefs are 6 to 12 miles offshore and accessible only MARINE RESOURCES CENTER, JAMES IS. a by boat, there are three within 3 miles of land, two which are located in CITY OF CHARLESTON estuarine waters and two which can be fished on from fishing piers. Brittlebank Park 0 0 0 0 Fishing on South Carolina's artificial reefs can be a rewarding year- Charleston Municipal Marina s round experience. Depending on the location of the reef and the time of Charleston Waterfront Park year, a wide assortment of popular saltwater game fish may be landed by CITY OF CHARLESTON DEPTS./PARKS & REC. experienced or novice anglers employing a variety of techniques. As Westchester a 0 0 coastal waters begin their warming trend in the spring, renewed activity White Point Gardens 0 0 0 among fish species returning to the reefs creates extensive angling NORTHBRIDGE MARINA opportunities. Bluefish, cobia, amberjack, Spanish mackerel and king ASHLEY MARINA 0 0 mackerel are among the most popular pelagic fishes which can be taken WAPPOO CUT BOAT LANDING 0 by trolling or creating artificial lures, or drifting and slow trolling live 0IVERLAND TERRACE BOAT LANDING 0 bait over the reef. During this same period, black sea bass, sheepshead, RIVERLAND TERRACE BOAT LANDING 0 0 023 g 0 red drum and weakfish may also be taken by fishing on the bottom close COUNTY FARM BOAT LANDING 0 to the various reef structures. WANDO WOODS BOAT LANDING 0 0 During, the late spring and summer months, fishing for many of these PIER POINT BOAT LANDING 0 0 species remains popular while additional summertime residents move CITY OF FOLLY BEACH 0 0 onto the reefs. Crevalle jack, pompano, barracuda and especially FOLLY ISLAND BOAT LANDING� 0 spadefish are found on reefs closer to shore during these months, while PELICAN COVE RV RESORT 0 0 dolphin, tuna and even sailfish have been landed on reefs farther STONO MARINA, INC. 0 0 offshore. Black sea bass, grouper, porgies, snappers and flounder are CHARLESTON COUNTY PARK & REC. COM. frequently landed while bottom fishing during warmer months. Beachwalker Park 0 In the fall, cooling water temperatures once again bring on renewed Folly Beach County Park 10 0 0 0 activity among some species such as king mackerel, spotted sea trout and FollBATTERY ISLAND BOAT LANDING 0 0 red drum, while others leave the reefs for areas farther offshore or farther -BATTERY ISLAND BOAT LANDING 0 0 0south. Even during the coldest months of the winter when feeding JOHN P. LIMEHOUSE BOAT LANDING 0 0 activity may be sporadic or suppressed among many fishes, artificial reefs BULOW BOAT LANDING 0 0 0 are still a popular location for landing sizeable black sea bass. 77 CHARLESTON COUNTY General Sites / / %/�Y / / / BOHICKET MARINA VILLAGE & YACHT CHART. I CHERRY POINT BOAT LANDING 0 TOOGOODOO BOAT LANDING STEAMBOAT BOAT LANDING ee 0 `% R ..L DAWHOO BOAT LANDING 0 0 Llltt ve Rer h '�~~.5~~%%::: 12 Little River Offshore Reof PENNY CREEK BOAT LANDING - Seer Shere Wrek WILLTOWN BLUFF BOAT LANDING :.':': ! \ (: :{ Springmtld Pier Reel NP-25 Root With this type of diverse angling menu available, it is not surprising that ARTIFICIAL RFISHINGed Re artificial reefs steadily grown in popularity over the years among marine REEFS AND WRECKS *Ten Mile Reef recreational fishermen. To keep up with the increase in demands placed on South OF SOUTH CAROLINA d ee Carolina's marine fisheries resources, the state's artificial reef program will .t . . Georelown Reel continue to improve those artificial reefs already in existence, while creating new city of RcJmOnd Wrock ,onicmil... * Vei.. R... productive reefs in previously barren areas. _pcle Verlo Roof The locations and brief descriptions of South Carolina's 22 existing artificial S:::pRHector Reef reefs are listed on the following pages. Since most of these reefs are located offshore, it is important to have a safe boat as well as the proper nautical charts : and a good compass to locate them. For some reefs found much farther offshore a Gy y o t~iiii !:{~:.:.~ ii ...C ay ,or e R eeoR , Loran-C unit is necessary. Regardless of which reef you seek, a Loran unit, .., R(R) recording electronic depth finder and a little patience are very useful in locating / i Y-73 Reef many of the smaller structures in place. K R When bottom fishing or trolling deep with planers, count on losing a certain amount of tackle when fishing on or close to many of the larger structures. Also, Edlto tehore Re:f never hook a valuable boat anchor which you plan to keep into reef material, A.Soot Ed'ieto tehee Reef unless you have the ability to dive down and free it (free-diving is not an option on most reefs). Several alternatives to using a boat anchor may be used if you Il Fripp llend Drydck Wreck 0 FIpp i ........ W ... wish to hook into a structure, including expendable concrete blocks and deer * Fti.p i00d0 R :eef. inexpensive homemade reef anchors made from steel reinforcing bar, concrete .i. A, '', el ,.od W ,e * Gen....I Gordon Wreck and steel pipe. ' A,. * tey .Ro..e Ree *TT:::: Flehgmerica Reel Always keep in mind that regardless how terrific the fishing may seem to be on BllCff, Wreck any given day, these artificial reefs are, by nature's standards, very small and ilt Hd R subsequently limited in the number of fish they can hold during any fishing season. Please use good common sense in your fishing practices. Don't take undersized fish. Take what you need and leave the rest for others or your own future trips. 78 S.C. COASTAL DIVE SHOPS Charleston Area The Wet Shop 5121 Rivers Avenue Charleston, SC 29418 803/744-5641 CHARLESTON COUNTY Avis '� iAttn: Ralph Wilbanks or Jack Williamson Activities V//Charleston Scuba / ~7 )y' '/7/~.7/W *'.7 ,~ ' A/~~~~ o~~/~ ~/~7.~-35 Lockwood Boulevard SANTEE COASTAL RESERVE 8 8 8 8 8 8 O 8 Charleston, SC 29401 WASHO RESERVE 8 8 � 803/722-1120 Attn: Tom Robinson CAPE ROMAIN NAT. WILDLIFE REFUGE Bull's Island 8 0 8 8 8 The Charleston Diver Cape Island 8 888 Folly Road Shopping Center Moore's Landing 8 0 Charleston, SC 29412 RaccM~oore's Landing ~ ~ ~~ Key@~ @!3803/795-9222 Raccoon Key 8 8 8 8\ Atto: Andy Hanson McCLELLANVILLE BOAT LANDING a Scuba Playworld BUCK HALL RECREATION AREA {0 S cb Playworld BUCK HALL RECREATION AREA 8 8 8 8 88 3013 West Montague Avenue ~~~~~~~BUCK ~HALL LANDING 8~ 8< ~ 8~ I~ :Charleston, SC 29418 MOORE'S BOAT LANDING 8 8 8 803/747-1488 CAPERS ISLAND : 8 8 8 e 0 Attn: Lee Kibbey PARADISE ISLAND BOAT LANDING Myrtle Beach Area Myrtle Beach Area GADSENVILLE BOAT LANDING Myrtle Beach Scuba WILD DUNES YACHT HARBOR e 2718 Highway 501 DETCO BOAT LANDING 8 8 Myrtle Beach, SC 29577 ISLE OF PALMS RECREATION DEPT. 8 8 8 803/448-2832 ISLE OF PALMS BOAT LANDING 0 Attn: Warren Gibson CITY OF ISLE OF PALMS South Carolina Scuba Center Breach Inlet 8 8 8 8 1514 Highway 501 Handicapped Walkway . . 8 Myrtle Beach, SC 29577 Pedeslrian Beach Access 0 803/626-3265 Public Dune Walkovers - 10th & 14th 8 8 0 Attn: Doug Williams Public Parking Lots Hilton Head Area Yacht Harbor Marina- 41st Ave 0 8 8 Palmetto Scuba TOWN OF SULLIVAN'S ISLAND 6 * * * 8 8 * 1 0 8 8 220 Triangle Square YACHT CLUB, TOLER'S COVE MARINA 8 Hilton Head Island, SC 29928 OLD Pl'n' STREET BRIDGE 0 8 � 803/881-3483 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~OLD PITT STREET BRIDGE ID :Attn: Jeri Ann Lewis SHEM CREEK BOAT LANDING Deep One Dive SHEM CREEK MARINA Ladies Island, SC Ladies Island, SC NATIONAL PARK SERVICE Attn: Mike Burke Attn: Mike Burke Fort Moultrie 803/525-9344 79 S.C.'S ENDANGERED AND CHARLESTON~ COUNTY~ THREATENED WILDLIFE: CActiitesTO ONY ~ ~ ''~ ~ An Update ~~ ~ ~ \~S13& &O~~ 4~ ~ South Carolina's coast is rich in wildlife species, native plants and the diversity Fort Sumter Nat. Monument 0 of habitats which supports them. Our coast is also one of the most rapidly REMLEY'S POINT BOAT LANDING Cdeveloping regions in this nation. Conflicts between human populations and FORT SUMTER TOURS native wildlife are unavoidable here, and without wise development and sound Charleston City Marine management strategies we could lose a facet of our coast which makes it such a Patriot's Point e* special region. We could lose our irreplaceable coastal wildlife heritage. NAVAL STATION MARINA There are more endangered and threatened animal species found in the coastal FILBIN CREEK BOAT LANDING Cregion of S.C. than any other region of our state. These species are affected by MARINE RESOURCES CENTER, JAMES IS. ~~~~~several problems including pollution, illegal hunting, and habitat loss. Biologists MARINE RESOURCES CENTER, JAMES IS. C with the S.C. Wildlife and Marine Resources Department are working to identify CITY OF CHARLESTON ~~~~~~~~~~~~and manage these problems. The goal of this work is to return those threatened Brittlebank Park C C or endangered species to viable population levels. Charleston Municipal Marina C There are wildlife success stories in our coastal region. The American Alligator Charleston Waterfront Park C population had declined drastically due to overhunting, for its valuable hide. CITY OF CHARLESTON DEPTS./PARKS & REC. Ensuing protection and management has allowed the alligator to recover in our Westchester state. Once listed as an endangered (upper coastal plain) and threatened (lower White Point Gardens C @coastal plain) species, the alligator has now been reclassified on the federal list as NORTHBRIDGE MARINA C C C * rr~~~~~~~~~fthreatened, similarity of appearance," While the alligator still enjoys full, NORHBRDEY MARINA Cprotection under state law, SCWMRD biologists are developing a management WASHLEY CUMBATRANINA program to allow licensed trapping of nuisance alligators. Under this program, WAPPOO CUT BOAT LANDING ~~~~~~~~ only trappers licensed by SCWMRD would be allowed to harvest nuisance COURINDTERRACE BOAT LANDING C Calligators, thus reducing the risk of alligator attacks on human beings. COUNTY FARM BOAT LANDING ~~~~~~~~~~The Brown Pelican is another coastal success story. Once listed as an WANDO WOODS BOAT LANDING Cendangered species, this magnificent bird is again a common sight along the coast. PIER POINT BOAT LANDING C CDDT, a persistent pesticide in use until the early 1970's, entered the reproductive CITY OF FOLLY BEACH CC CCsystem of the pelican and other fish-eating birds. DDT contamination interfered FOLLY ISLAND BOAT LANDING C C with the Pelican, Bald Eagle, Peregrine Falcon, and the Osprey's ability to produce PELICAN COVE RV RESORT CC C hard egg shells. Reproduction in each of these species was greatly reduced. STONO MARINA, INC. CDDT was banned for use in the U.S. over 15 years ago and today those species CHARLESTON COUNTY PARK & REC. COM. ~ ~ ~ ~affected are on the road to recovery. The Brown Pelican now nests on several Beschwalker Park C C CCCsand-spit islands along the coast of S.C., and while it is still protected under state FlyBeach County Park Claw it is no longer on the federal endangered species list except for populations in BATTERY ISLAND BOAT LANDING th ufo eioadCaion. JOHN P. LIMEHOU S E BOAT LANDING ~~~~~~~ Of all animal species remaining on the endangered species list perhaps the most JOHN P. LIMEHOUSE BOAT LANDING C C ~~~~~recognizable is the Bald Eagle. This majestic bird of prey, our national symbol, BULOW BOAT LANDING Cwas also affected by DDT. Although it has been slower recovering, the Bald Eagle 80 CHARLESTON COUNTY o, Activities e,/�%cY�~ 5j& g ,X &s'~cg cX '$~�S G.O ois making a comeback in S.C. concentrating its nesting efforts along the coast. An BOHICKET MARINA VILLAGE & YACHT CHART. e * O * * * * * O @* eagle nest is a massive affair, generally located in the tallest pine tree the bird can CHERRY POINT BOAT LANDING find and seldom out of sight of a body of water. Old rice impoundments, now TOOGOODGO BOAT LANDING g managed for waterfowl, are favorite sites for eagle nests. TOOGOODOO BOAT LANDING 8 Bald Eagles are tremendous animals with wingspans reaching six to seven feet. STEAMBOAT BOAT LANDING Immature eagles are dark to light brown and do not develop the characteristic DAWHOO BOAT LANDING ~ white head and tail of adult plumage until five or six years of age. PENNY CREEK BOAT LANDING @ Bald Eagles breed during the winter months, and are generally in S.C. from WILLTOWN BLUFF BOAT LANDING * (continued on page 84) With donations to the Check for Wildlife .-L program, the South Carolina Wildlife and Marine Resources Department is increasing . the chances of survival for many endangered species of plants and animals and caring for more than 26,000 acres of the state's most valuable nature preserves. You can help I Jilm ',II( preserve South Carolina's natural heritage by contributing to Check for Wildlife. CHECK FOR WI LDLIFE ON YOUR STATE NCOME TAX FORMI 81 CHARLESTON COUNTY Facilities 9 01.1/yy0 SANTEE COASTAL RESERVE WASHO RESERVE C C a CAPE ROMAIN NAT. WILDLIFE REFUGE Bull's Island C C C C C C C Cape Island Moore's Landing C C Raccoon Key McCLELLANVILLE BOAT LANDING BUCK HALL RECREATION AREA 0 C C C 0 0 BUCK HALL LANDING 0 C C C MOORE'S BOAT LANDING CAPERS ISLAND C C C PARADISE ISLAND BOAT LANDING GADSENVILLE BOAT LANDING C WILD DUNESYACHTHARBOR C C DETCO BOAT LANDING C C C ISLE OF PALMS RECREATION DEPT. C C C C ISLE OF PALMS BOAT LANDING 0 CITY OF ISLE OF PALMS Breach Inlel t Handicapped Walkway Pedestrian Beach Access Public Dune Walkovers - 10th & 14th Public Parking Lots Yacht Harbor Marina - 41st Ave TOWN OF SULLIVAN'S ISLAND 0 s YACHT CLUB, TOLER'S COVE MARINA C C C C C C C C OLD PITT STREET BRIDGE SHEM CREEK BOAT LANDING SHEM CREEK MARINA C C C NATIONAL PARK SERVICE Fort Moultrie C a 0 C C 82 CHARLESTON COUNTY s /~~~~~~ Facilities 4p%~~,y@Z ~~0%4 Fort SumterNat.Monument 0 REMLEY'S POINT BOAT LANDING FORT SUMTER TOURS Charleston City Marina 0 0 0 0 0 0 Patriot's Point S 0 NAVAL STATION MARINA 0 0 0 0 0 FILBIN CREEK BOAT LANDING MARINE RESOURCES CENTER, JAMES IS. S 0 0 0 0 0 CITY OF CHARLESTON Brittlebank Park 0 Charleston Municipal Marina Charleston Waterfront Park CITY OF CHARLESTON DEPTS./PARKS & REC. Westchester While Point Gardens NORTHBRIDGE MARINA 0 0 00 ASHLEY MARINA 0 0 WAPPOO CUT BOAT LANDING 0 RIVERLAND TERRACE BOAT LANDING COUNTY FARM BOAT LANDING 0 @ WANDO WOODS BOAT LANDING PIER POINT BOAT LANDING 0 CITY OF FOLLY BEACH 0 FOLLY ISLAND BOAT LANDING PELICAN COVE RV RESORT STONO MARINA, INC. 0 0 CHARLESTON COUNTY PARK & REC. COM. Beachwalker Park 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Folly Beach Coanty Park 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 BATTERY ISLAND BOAT LANDING JOHN P. LIMEHOUSE BOAT LANDING 0 BULOW BOAT LANDING 0 83 CHARLESTON COUNTY , o BOHICKET MARINA VILLAGE & YACHT CHART. 19 ( a C 8 6) e CHERRY POINT BOAT LANDING a TOOGOODOO BOAT LANDING 6 STEAMBOAT BOAT LANDING 0 DAWHOO BOAT LANDING C PENNY CREEK BOAT LANDING 0 WILLTOWN BLUFF BOAT LANDING 0 (continued from page 8z) typically three and a half feet tall with wingspans greater than five feet. Storks are September until June. Keep your eyes peeled for eagles while you're driving white, except for the trailing edges of the wings and tail which are black. The head through coastal marsh or wetland areas. of a stork is also black and has no feathers. Storks prefer fresh, brackish and One highlight many visitors to the S.C. coast experience is a sighting of the saltwater environments for feeding and nesting. Rookeries or communal nesting Loggerhead Sea Turtle. During the summer females crawl onto S.C. beaches to sites, are generally found in cypress or hardwood swamps in S.C. lay their eggs, repeating the process at approximately two-week intervals during Wood Storks were once plentiful in Florida yet drainage of wetlands, flood nesting season. Adult Loggerheads are massive animals and typically weigh 300- control, and declining water tables have rendered much former feeding and 400 pounds. They spend their entire life at sea with the exception of the female nesting habitat unsuitable. Theory has it that the populations have moved north approaching the beaches to nest and for the incubation period of the immature in search of suitable habitat, much of which is found in coastal S.C. hatchlings before they return to sea. These are but a few of the threatened and endangered species found along The Loggerhead is listed as being federally threatened and has suffered from coastal S.C. Others include the Red-Cockaded Woodpecker, the Shortnose nesting habitat loss due to excessive beach development, erosion, and various Sturgeon, and non-nesting sea turtles such as Kemp's Ridley and the Leatherback shoreline armouring devices. Drowning of sea turtles in shrimp trawls catches has which nest primarily in other regions. Some species such as the Peregrine Falcon, recently caught national and international attention with the development of the Manatee, and the Right Whale may pass through our coastal zone during TEDs (turtle excluder devices) and implementation of regulations requiring their migration and some, such as the Eastern Cougar, may roam unseen or undetected use throughout U.S. waters. SCWMRD's Nongame and Heritage Trust Section along coastal rivers and barrier islands. has taken a lead role in sea turtle research on regional and national levels, and The wildlife and native plants of the S.C. coast are a legacy. They enrich our through continued work on program development, population monitoring, and personal lives as wildlife observers and they also maintain a significant niche in volunteer coordination, sea turtles will continue to frequent S.C. beaches during the balance of our overall coastal ecosystem. Since the well being of their the summer months. populations are frequently an indicator of the overall quality of life and The Wood Stork is the most recently listed endangered animal in S.C. and environment in the coastal region, we need to continue to monitor and protect these large wandering birds are North America's only true storks. Storks are our endangered and threatened wildlife heritage of S.C.'s coast. 84 CHARLESTON COUNTY e � 00 ,~~~ 4, .-m , !! Environment/Access ',*- SANTEE COASTAL RESERVE 0 0 0 0 0 0 WASHO RESERVE CAPE ROMAIN NAT. WILDLIFE REFUGE Bull's Island g Cape Island Moore's Landing Raccoon Key 0 0 McCLELLANVILLE BOAT LANDING BUCK HALL RECREATION AREA BUCK HALL LANDING MOORE'S BOAT LANDING CAPERS ISLAND 0 0 PARADISE ISLAND BOAT LANDING GADSENVILLE BOAT LANDING WILD DUNES YACHT HARBOR DETCO BOAT LANDING ISLE OF PALMS RECREATION DEPT. ISLE OF PALMS BOAT LANDING CITY OF ISLE OF PALMS Breach Inlet 0 0 0 Handicapped Walkway 0 0 0 Pedestrian Beach Access 0 0 0 Public Dune Walkovers - 10th & 14th 0 0 0 Public Parking Lots Yacht Harbor Marina - 41st Ave TOWN OF SULLIVAN'S ISLAND 0 0 0 YACHT CLUB, TOLER'S COVE MARINA OLD PITT STREET BRIDGE 0 SHEM CREEK BOAT LANDING SHEM CREEK MARINA Raccoons are major predators of sea turtle eggs and are experts at locating new nesting sites. NATIONAL PARK SERVICE They contribute to the numerous threats facing turtle hatchlings, all of which result in a low Fort Moultrie 0 0 * survival rate for all species along the southeastern coast. (Photo by Tom Murphy) 85 c3~~~~ GEOLOGICAL HISTORY OF THE CHA:LESTON4COUNTY <. ~ SOUTH CAROLINA COASTAL PLAIN Environment/Access S ~'. 'to" South Carolina can be divided into three major geological provinces; the Blue /o7" '' v;"Y;/7 ~,~ .** x�./ ~".J"'/'Ridge, Piedmont, and Coastal Plain. The Blue Ridge consists mostly of very old Fort Sumter at. Monument 0 0 and highly deformed metamorphic basement rocks which were uplifted during REMLEY'S POINT BOAT LANDING 0 the formation of the Southern Appalachian mountains. Rocks of the eastern FORT SUMTER TOURS portion of the Blue Ridge can be observed in the extreme northwestern portion of Charleston City Marina the state. The boundary between the Blue Ridge and the central Piedmont Patriot's Point province is marked by the Brevard Zone which is believed to be an ancient NAVAL STATION MARINA fracture zone which trends parallel to the coast. The Piedmont geological province NV ALm S T A T I O BoA r INA G which extends from the Brevard Zone eastward to the vicinity of Columbia, MARINE RESOURCES CENTER, JAMES IS. South Carolina, consists of several belts of metamorphosed volcanic and CITY OF CHARLESTON sedimentary rocks that have been intruded by a large number of igneous plutons CrITYleban Pak CR(irregular masses of granite, gabbro, etc.). The rocks comprising the Piedmont Br~ttlebank Park region were produced by volcanic activity some 500-600 million years ago. Charleston Municipal Marina 0 Volcanic islands similar to modern island arcs (e.g. Japan) extended north-south Charleston Waterfront Park ~ along the east coast of North America during this time. CITY OF CHARLESTON DEPTS.IPARKS & REC. During the early geologic history of South Carolina, North America was at Westchester times attached to Europe and Africa along its eastern margin. The mountain White Point Gardens building and volcanic activity can be largely attributed to the episodic collision of NORTHBRIDGE MARINIA the North America continental plate with those of Europe and Africa. The last of ASHLEY MARINA those collisions resulted in the formation of the Southern Appalachian wASH00LcY BOARIN 0N WAPPOO CUT BOAT LANDING Mountains. It was about 245 million years ago that North America detached itself llIVERLAND TERRACE BOAT LANDING from those other continents, and the modern Atlantic Ocean and the Carolina COUNTY FARM BOAT LANDING Coastal Plain province began to form. The Coastal Plain, or Lowcountry region of South Carolina, extends from WANDO WOODS BOAT LANDING 0 Columbia, South Carolina, to the coast. The Fall Line separates the older rocks of PIER POINT BOAT LANDING ~ the Piedmont from those of the Coastal Plain. The name Fall Line originated from CITY OF FOLLY BEACH 0 0 0 0 the fact that rivers crossing from the Piedmont (an area of higher relief) to the FOLLY ISLAND BOAT LANDING Coastal Plain developed small waterfalls at these locations. The rocks that form PELICAN COVE RV RESORT 0 the Coastal Plain consist of sandstones, siltstones, shales, and limestones which STONO MARINA, INC. form a seaward thickening wedge or prism of sedimentary rocks that accumulated CHARLESTON COUNTY PARK & REG. COM. along the eastern margin of the North American continent. The sediments were Beachwalker Park 6 o { derived mostly from streams draining the Blue Ridge and Piedmont uplands to Folly Beach County Park 0 � ~ � the west. Along the present coast the rocks vary in thickness from approximately BATEllY iSLAND BOAT LANDING 300-1000 meters (1000 to 3000 feet). This rock sequence continues offshore to JOHN P. LIMEHOUSE BoAT cLANDIN form the continental shelf and upper slope. The oldest rocks within the Coastal Plain are between 150 and 225 million �ULOW B O A T L A N DING years old (Triassic-Jurassic) and are found mainly within fault-bounded basins 86 CHARLEST ON COUNTY . Environment/Access BOHICKET MARINA VILLAGE & YACHT CHART. CHERRY POINT BOAT LANDING TOOGOODOO BOAT LANDING STEAMBOAT BOAT LANDING DAWHOO BOAT LANDING PENNY CREEK BOAT LANDING 0 WILLTOWN BLUFF BOAT LANDING which formed as a result of the tensional rifting of the continents that produced the Atlantic Ocean. These basins are found to exist along a line from Alabama to Nova Scotia. In South Carolina they are generally found buried beneath thick layers of younger sedimentary rocks. Faults which formed during the separation of the continents, but which are now at depth below the surface, have occasionally become active and have caused earthquakes, such as the major earthquake experienced in Charleston in 1886. The Coastal Plain sedimentary rocks were deposited in river, beach and offshore marine depositional environments. Through time sea level rose and fell, the shoreline shifted east or west across the region with sediments being laid down layer upon layer. Many of those sedimentary units are fossiliferous, some contain an abundant and diverse marine fauna, while others contain fossil material from terrestrial mammals. In particular, the lower Coastal Plain rocks are rich in both invertebrate and vertebrate fossil material. The near-surface Coastal Plain sediments also provide South Carolina with some mineable natural resources. Clay, in the form of kaolinite, which is mined in the vicinity of Barnwell, S.C. is used for the manufacturing of rubber, pottery and ceramics, as well as for making brick. Limestone from the Holly Hill and Jamestown areas is used for fertilizer, cement and road aggregate. Sand and gravel Spoleto Festival U.S.A. culminates another year of presenting one of the most prestigious are also mined in various regions of the Coastal Plain. In some areas soils all-around arts festival with its Finale at Middleton Place in Charleston. Only in developed on Coastal Plain rocks provide good farmlands and growth of timber. Charleston, one of America's most beautifully preserved I8th century cities, can you Deeper layers of these rocks serve as aquifers that provide freshwater for farms, experience world class events in music, dance, theater, and jazz for I7 consecutive days each homes, industries and municipalities. In addition, these easily erodable year during Spoleto and Piccolo Spoleto. The annual event runs from late May to earlyJune. sedimentary rocks have provided the abundant sand that has accumulated to form Contact Spoleto Festival U.S.A., P.O. Box I57, Charleston, S.C., 29402-o057 for more the hundreds of miles of magnificent barrier island beaches along our coastline. information. 87 CHARLESTON COUNTY Site Descriptions McClellanville Boat Landing - Dangerous drop-off at end of ramp. Buck Hall Recreation Area - Buck Hall is located in the Francis Marion Santee Coastal Reserve - The Santee Coastal Reserve was a gift from the Nature National Forest and is maintained by the U.S. Forest Service. Abundant wildlife Conservancy to the state of S.C. The purpose of this gift is to provide for the and passive recreation opportunities are available. Camping fee is $5/site and preservation, maintenance, and enhancement of natural ecosystems of the there is no fee for day use or boat launching. A constant breeze makes camping property for scientific research, aesthetic enjoyment, and resource protection. even in warm summer months possible, however, campers are advised to bring The property is managed by the S.C. Wildlife and Marine Resources Commission insect repellent during summer months whether hiking or camping. and consists of Murphy Island, Cedar Island, the Washo Reserve, and some and consists of Murphy Island, Cedar Island, the Washo Reserve, and some Buck Hall Boat Landing - Operated by the U.S. Forest Service; a fee is charged adjoining parcels. Use of these areas is permitted only under strict regulations and for overnight camping, restrictions. Public access to the beach on Murphy and Cedar Islands is available only by boat from Mar. 1 until Nov. 1. The reserve is closed from Nov. 1 until Moore's Boat Landing - Ramp is difficult to use at low tide. Mar. 1 including weekends. Normal hours of operation are 8 am until 5 pm. All Caper's Island - Operated by the S.C. Wildlife and Marine Resouces beaches are on barrier islands with access only by boat; there is no boat ramp inDrt s isacls bar eiand maine re the area, and no pets, firearms or motorbikes are allowed. For other specific Department, this is a classic barrier island which has remained relatively undisturbed. It encompasses a vast area and is ecologically stable enough to allow public use restrictions and more information, contact the Santee Coastal Reserve, limited wilderne ss opportunities f or t he public. Capers is characterized by old P.O. Box37, Mc~lllanvile, SC 2958 or cll 803/56-8665.limited wilderness opportunities for the public. Capers is characterized by old P.O. Box 37, McClellanville, SC 29458 or call 803/546-8665. barrier beach ridges dominated by a typical maritime forest habitat, and is Washo Reserve - Owned by the S.C. Nature Conservancy, the reserve is located interspersed with swamps, parks, and marshes which provide excellent habitat for within the Santee Coastal Reserve; interpretive trail booklets are available from deer, raccoon, alligator, waterfowl and numerous other species. Ospreys nest on the S.C. Nature Conservancy office, P.O. Box 5475, Columbia, SC 29250. the front beach as well as loggerhead sea turtles. The estuarine zone adjacent to Cape Romain National Wildlife Refuge - This 64,229-acre site is operated by Capers contains numerous intertidal oyster reefs along tidal creeks and flats. The the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and consists of 4 units: Bulls Island, Cape waters are alive with shrimp, crabs, and many species of fish such as winter trout, Island, Moore's Landing, and Raccoon Key. Only Moore's Landing is accessible spot-tail bass, flounder, and whiting. Access to Capers is by boat only and is to the public by land. available at the 41st Street Marina (Isle of Palms) or at Moore's Landing at Cape Romain by reservation; when visiting Capers, the public should beach small boats Bulls Island - Access provided by boat concession (ferry) operated by a and large boats should anchor. Permits are required for overnight camping and private individual (call 803/884-0448); fee for age 12 and under for ferry overnight docking of boats greater than 19 ft. in length; for more information on ride is $6, adults $12, and senior citizens 65 and up $10. The Bulls Island public use restrictions and to obtain permits, contact the S.C. Wildlife and unit of Cape Romain is a barrier island consisting of 5000 acres of marsh, Marine Resources Charleston office at 803/795-6350. maritime forest, and freshwater ponds. The island provides habitat for many wildlife species including deer, alligator, wading birds, waterfowl, and fox Wild Dunes Yacht Harbor - Parking fee is $5/car and trailer. squirrels. The island is open year-round for nature study, hiking, fresh and Isle of Palms Recreation Department - Recreation department facilities are saltaterfising.For nfomatin onanyof te unts f Cae ReainIsle of Palms Recreation Department - Recreation department facilities are saltwater f ishing. For information on any of the units of Cape Romain located from 22nd to 28th Ave.; for public beach access points, see City of Isle of contact: Cape Romain Wildlife Refuge Visitor Center, 390 Bulls Island Palms listings. Road, Awendaw, S.C. 29429, 803/928-3368. Cape Island - This is an isolated primitive barrier island at the north Isle of Palms Boat Landing - ramp is in very poor condition; parking is limited. section of the Cape Romain Refuge. Cape Island is a favorite site for nesting City of Isle of Palms - Public parking (66 spaces) available at Breach Inlet; loggerhead sea turtles which are protected by state and federal laws. Public fishing catwalk on bridge; marina and boat landing nearby with tackle shop and activities include saltwater fishing, shell collecting, and wildlife observation. store; VERY DANGEROUS CURRENTS EXIST AT BREACH INLET AND Moore's Landing - The office and Visitor's Center for Cape Romain SEVERAL DROWNINGS HAVE OCCURRED; SWIMMING IN THIS AREA Refuge are located at Moore's Landing; a 1000 ft. pier is available for IS DISCOURAGED. fishing, crabbing, and bird study; the concession boat for Bulls Island and Old Pitt Street Bridge - This was once the only connection between Mt. Old Pitt Street Bridge - This was once the only connection between Mr. other destinations as requested operates out of Moore's Landing. Visitors Pleasant and Sullivan's Island where trolley cars were used to shuttle people and are advised to contact the concessionaire or the refuge office (phone supplies back and forth. The bridge spanned the Intracoastal Waterway at the numbers listed above) prior to making trip plans on the ferry since mouth of Charleston Harbor and that portion was torn down around 1944 when schedules vary seasonally. the Ben Sawyer Bridge was constructed 3 mile northeast. The causeway leading to Raccoon Key Island - Ferry boat available upon request; public activities the bridge and a portion of the bridge that was not destroyed is what is currently include shell collecting and wildlife observation. known as the Old Pitt St. Bridge. Recently the town of Mt. Pleasant constructed 88 catwalks and a fishing pier along the causeway and the bridge. Benches, security Charleston Municipal Marina - Until autumn of 1988, no parking fee will be gates, and causeway railings were also added. The scenic view from the bridge charged; a small fee will be assessed in late 1988. offers glimpses of Sullivan's Island and lighthouse, boats traveling the Intracoastal Charleston Waterfront Park - Scheduled to be completed by early spring Waterway, and ships entering and leaving Charleston Harbor, as well as sights of 1990; this will be a formal passive park on the Cooper River at the foot of the Charleston skyline and Mt. Pleasant's Old Village waterfront homes. Bridge Vendue Range in the old historic district. hours run 7 am until dark for vehicular traffic and walking, fishing, and jogging are available anytime. Street lights are provided along the causeway to enhance City of Charleston Depts. of Parks and Recreation - James Island Park, a new security, and the road bed is paved but somewhat rough. Additional facility due to open to the public in 1989, will be adjacent to James Island County improvements will be scheduled as funding becomes available in the future. To Park and will offer ballfields, tennis, and other activities; the 45-acre site will be get there from downtown Charleston, cross the Cooper River Bridge to Mt. operated and maintained by the City of Charleston Departments of Parks and Pleasant and follow Hwy. 17 north business (Coleman Blvd.); pass Shem Creek Recreation which recently acquired the James Island YMCA softball, soccer, and bear right at the fork just past Pizza Hut (Whilden St.); continue to the first swimming, and gymnasium facilities. For more information, call 803/724-7327. stop sign and turn right; go one block and turn left onto Pitt St. to the Old Pitt Northbridge Marina - Entrance fee varies according to type of service; dry stack St. Bridge. storage available with wet slips; future plans call for a RV park to be developed to Darby Marine and Supply, Inc. - one of the most comprehensive accommodate visitors; shuttle service is also planned. commercial/pleasure craft repair facilities along the coast of S.C.; located at Foot County Farm Boat Landing - Small dock to assist boaters. of Wharf Street, Mt. Pleasant, S.C. 29464, 803/884-8541. Wando Woods Boat Landing - This is a community boat landing and there Shem Creek Boat Landing - Parking very limited during summer months. may be use restrictions enforced. Shem Creek Marina - Dry storage marina. Shem Creek Marina - Dry storage marina. - Pier Point Boat Landing - Ramp is in poor condition. Fort Moultrie - Both Fort Moultrie and Fort Sumter are units operated by the City of Folly Beach - Groins are located at various points along the beach; these National Park Service; Fort Moultrie is located on Sullivan's Island 10 miles can be hazardous to swimmers; STRONG CURRENTS EXIST IN SOME northeast of Charleston; public access available at Station 12 (paved road) and AREAS AND POSE DANGER TO SWIMMERS; CAUTION IS ADVISED. through several pathways within the park; 1214 Middle St., Sullivan's Island, S.C. 29482, 803/883-3123 Folly Beach Boat Landing - One of the few public shell fishing grounds accessible by land. Fort Sumter - Once visitors are at the Fort, public access to the beach is available at numerous points; visitor access to Fort Sumter is by boat only with Pelican Cove RV Resort - Campground is located on the Folly River in an service provided from Patriot's Point Naval Museum in Mt. Pleasant and from the urban setting. Charleston City Marina in downtown Charleston; contact Ft. Sumter Tours for Stono Marina, Inc. - Adequate parking and marina store available; slip rental more information at 803/723-5867 or 722-1691. All boat tours vary seasonally, $3/ft. per month. so contact Fort Sumter/Fort Moultrie at 803/883-3123 for departure times. Private boats are welcome during normal operating hours and can be docked at Charleston County Park and Recreation Commission - James Island County designated areas. Park, a 250-acre passive park scheduled to open in 1989, will offer fishing, Remley's Point Boat Landing - Small dock to assist boaters. camping, hiking, picnicking and other opportunities. The park will be operated and maintained by Charleston County Park and Recreation Commission and will Fort Sumter Tours - Provides boat trips from Patriot's Point and City Marina to be adjacent to the 45-acre James Island Park to be run by the City of Charleston Fort Sumter; call 803/722-1691. Depts. of Parks and Recreation. For more information, call 803/762-2172. Charleston Gray Line Water Tours - Provides tours to Fort Sumter, Fort Folly Beach County Park Offers 4000 ft. of oceanfront access via four Moultrie,1and numerous other sites; call 803/7221112. 4Folly Beach County Park - Offers 4000 ft. of oceanfront access via four Moultrie, and numerous other sites; call 803/722-1112. dune walkovers; lifeguards are on duty along a 600 ft. beachfront designated Naval Station Marina - Open to all military active and retired personnel, their area; outside that area, swimmers must swim at their own risk. Folly Beach families, and Department of Defense personnel; guided canoe trips and overnight County Park offers many amenities to the beachgoer including a 300-space horseback trips available to naval personnel. parking area, dressing area, outdoor showers, restrooms, snack bar and picnic area; park hours are 10 am to 7 pm daily June through August; Apr., Filbin Creek Boat Landing - Ramp is in very poor condition. May, Sept., and Oct. hours are 10 am to 6 pm Mon. through Fri., and 10 Marine Resources Center at James Island - The site of S.C. Wildlife and am to 7 pm on weekends; Nov. through Mar. the park is open from 7 am to Marine Resources Charleston headquarters; tours of the facility offered by 5 pm daily. Parking fee is $3/car, $6/RV or camper, and $8/bus. The park reservation only; call 803/795-6350 for information. is located on the west end of Folly Island. Once on the island, turn right at 89 the Ashley Ave. stoplight and continue to the end of the road. For more CITY OF ISLE OF PALMS information, call 803/722-1681. Beachwalker Park - Beachwalker provides dressing areas, outdoor showers, restrooms, snack bar and picnic area along a beachfront accessible ACCESSWAYS SPECIAL FEATURES area; a 300 ft. swimming area is available with lifeguards on duty in season; 1. Breach Inlet 1. adjacent to bridge; 66 spaces; outside of this area visitors swim at their own risk; a 150-car parking area catwalk; very dangerous swimming allows beachfront access to this southwestern end of Kiawah Island; parking area with swift currents fee is $3/car; entrance fee is $.50/person; hours of operation - June through Aug. 10 am to 7 pm daily; Apr. May, Sept., and Oct. 10 am to 7 2. 2nd Ave. 2. 60 ft. wide pedestrian acceston Blvd pm weekends only; Nov. through Mar. closed. To get there, follow Bohicket Rd. to Kiawah Island. Just before Kiawah Island security gate turn right on 3. 3rd Ave. 3. same as above Beachwalker Drive and continue to the park. For more information, call 4. 4th Ave. 4. same as above 803/722-1681. 5. 5th Ave. 5. no parking on 5th Ave.; emergency Bohicket Marina Village and Yacht Charters - 140 slip marina, dry stack beach access storage, charter fishing, sailing, boat rentals from 14 to 63 ft. via Bohicket 6. 6th Ave. 6. limited parking on one side of Charters; adjacent to Seabrook and Kiawah Island resorts; close proximity to 6th Ave. Kiawah Reef; restaurants, shops and villa rentals available nearby. To get there, 7. 7th Ave. 7. limited parking on one side of from Hwy. 17 turn onto Rt. 700 (Maybank Hwy.), turn onto Bohicket Rd. and 7th Ave. follow 1/4 mile past Kiawah Island entrance, turn right into Bohicket Marina which 8. 8th Ave. 8. limited parking on one side of is located in the town of Seabrook Island (but outside of the security gate). 8th Ave. Kiawah Island - A private resort with units available for public rental or limited parking on one side of purchase; no direct access for the public at large other than at Beachwalker Park 9. 9t Ave. (see Charleston County Park and Recreation); for more information, contact: Kiawah Island Resort, P.O. Box 12910, Charleston, S.C., 29412, 803/768-2121 10. Between J.C. Long Blvd. 10. pedestrian dune walkover; parking or 800/845-2471. 6& Pavilion Dr. available at corner Seabrook Island - A private residential/vacation resort much like Kiawah in that 11. Corner of J.C. Long Blvd. 11. public parking; about 600 spaces; access for the public at large is restricted to property owners or tenants; for more information contact: Seabrook Island, P.O. Box 32099, Charleston, S.C. 29417, 12. Between Pavilion Dr. 12. pedestrian dune walkover between 803/768-1000 or 800/845-5531. & 14th Ave. 10th and 14th Ave.; lifeguards on duty May 15 to Labor Day Steamboat Landing - Small dock available to assist boaters. duty M ay 15 to Labor Day 13. 21st Ave. 13. Handicapped accessible dune walkover; limited parking at 21st Ave. and Palm; ALL VEHICLES NOT DISPLAYING HANDI- CAPPED CERTIFICATION STICKERS WILL BE TOWED AT THE OWNERS EXPENSE 14. 23rd Ave. 14. 60 ft. wide pedestrian access; limit- ed parking; vehicles must be 4 ft. from edge of pavement 15. 25th Ave. 15. same as above 16. 26th Ave. 16. 10 ft. wide pedestrian access; limited parking 17. 27th Ave. 17. same as above 18. Between 27th and 28th Ave. 18. same as above 90 19. 28th Ave. 19. same as above 90 ACCESSWAYS SPECIAL FEATURES ACCESSWAYS SPECIAL FEATURES 20. 29th Ave. 20. same as above 6. 17th St. 6. pathway 21. 30th Ave. 21. same as above 7. On W. Atlantic Ave. 7. pathway at Sand Dunes Club 22. Between 30th and 31st Ave. 22. same as above 23. Between 31st and 32nd 23. same as above 8. 18th Ave. 8. pathway 24. Between 32nd and 33rd 24. same as above 9. 1 8 St. 9. pathway 9. 18�t St. 9. pathway 25. Between 33rd and 34th 25. same as above 11. 21st St. 1. boardwal 26. Between 34th and 35th 26. same as above 1. 219th St. 12. boardwalk 27. Between 35th and 36th 27. same as above 11. 21st St. 11. boardwalk 28. Between 36th and 37th 28. same as above 14 23rd St 14. pathway 29. 38th Ave. 29. same as above 15. 24t2nd St. 15. pathway 30. 39th Ave. 30. same as above 16. 25th St. 1I. pathway 31. 40th Ave. 31. same as above 32. 41st Ave. 32. same as above 17. 26th/2 St. 17. pathway 33. 42ndBetween 33. 60 ft. pedesand access; limitedh parking; vehicles must be 4 ft. from 19. 27th St. 19. pathway edge of pavement 20. 28th St. 20. pathway 34. 43rd Ave. V 34. same as above 21. 28�r St. 21. pathway 35. 44th Ave. 35. same as above 22. 29th St. 22. Handicappedaccessibleramp 36. 45th Ave. 36. same as above 23. 30th St. 23. pathway 37. 46th Ave. 37. same as above 24. 31st St. 24. Boardwalk ramp; windsurfing 38. 49th Ave. 38. same as above access 39. 50th Ave. 39. same as above * Parking available throughout the town limits unless noted by yellow curb markers 40. 51st Ave. 40. same as above or "No Parking" signs; no parking may block private residential driveways. 41. 52nd Ave. 41. same as above 42. 53rd Ave. 42. same as above CITY OF FOLLY BEACH 43. Between 55th and 56th 43. Public accessownedby WildDunes Community Assoc.; limited parking ACCESSWAYS SPECIAL FEATURES along Palm Blvd.; vehicles must be 1. th St. West 1. boardwalk; small parking area at least 4 ft. from edge of pavement (8-10 cars) 44. 56th Ave. 44. same as above 2. 9th St. West 2. Handicapped accessible walkover; small parking area (handicapped SULLIVANS ISLAND only) 2 spaces 3. 8th St. West 3. boardwalk, small parking area ACCESS WAYS |SPECIAL FEATURES 4. 7th St. West 4. boardwalk 1. l5th St. 1. pathway 5. 6th St. West 5. boardwalk 2. 11th St. 2. pathway a6. 5th St. West 6. boardwalk; small parking area 3. 12th St. 3. pathway (8-10 cars) 4. 16th St. 4. pathway 7. 4th St. West 7. same as above 5. 160th St. 5. pathway 8. 3rd St. West 8. boardwalk 91 ACCESSWAYS SPECIAL FEATURES 9. 2nd St. East 9. boardwalk; small parking area 10. 3rd St. East 10. boardwalk 11. 4th St. East 1 1. boardwalk 12. 5th St. East 12. boardwalk 13. 6th St. East 13. boardwalk 14. 7th St. East 14. boardwalk 15. 8th St. East 15. boardwalk 16. 9th St. East 16. boardwalk 17. 10th St. East 17. boardwalk 18. 11th St. East 18. boardwalk 19. 12th St. East 19. boardwalk 20. 13th St. East 20. boardwalk 21. 16th St. East 21. boardwalk 22. 18th St. East 22. boardwalk, small parking area ; (8-10 cars) 23. 19th St. East 23. same as above - -- _ 24. 20th St. East 24. boardwalk ___--- 25. 2015 St. East 25. boardwalk 26. 2155 St. East 26. Handicapped accessible walkover; small parking area (5 spaces) for handicapped 27. 2177 St. East 27. boardwalk 28. Sumter St. East 28. boardwalk; small parking area FOR MORE INFORMATION Charleston County contact: Charleston Trident Convention and Visitors Bureau Rice Mill Building, 3rd Floor 17 Lockwood Boulevard (Zip - 29401) mm_ P.O. Box 975 Charleston, SC 29402 803/723-7641 1-800-845-7108 92 offmomamoffm I 0 I: 10 m0 Iaa A al"D aftmi OTATE P" ST COLLETON COUNTY 13EA - J--, a i 94 COLLETON COUNTY Colleton County's coastal area is marked by seashells and beaches, serenity, each with water and electrical hookups. Another camping area has 25 sites and ancient trees and abundant wildlife. group campsites overlooking a sweeping expanse of salt marsh. For those who And some say by ghosts; the ghosts of past residents of this historic and scenic would rather not "rough it," five cabins, rustic but fully furnished, are available. area, on and around Edisto Island. First, there were Indians, enjoying the hunting The park also has a trading post, picnic area, carpet golf and nature and hiking and the offerings of the sea, followed briefly by the Spanish and then planters. trails, one leading to an ancient Indian shell mound. It was the plantation owners who left the most indelible mark on the area. The Another way to enjoy this beautiful island is at Fairfield Ocean Ridge, a resort prosperity brought by Edisto Island's high-quality sea island cotton meant great with condominiums, tennis courts and a golf course. It's a resort in the best sense wealth for a few families, who built impressive mansions and entertained the likes of the word, offering fine amenities in a relaxing setting of natural beauty. of the Marquis de Lafayette. Visitors today can see many of these antebellum Inland, the town of Walterboro hosts the Colleton County Rice Festival in homes and historic churches on the island's marsh side, keepsakes from an era April each year, coaxing visitors to the small town with an arts and crafts show, that ended with the Civil War. parade and rice cooking contest. Also inland is Colleton County State Park, 11 One good place for relaxing and soaking up the ambience is Edisto Beach State miles north of Walterboro on U.S. 15. This picturesque 35-acre park has 25 Park, off S.C. 174. For campers, the 1,255-acre park has 75 oceanside campsites, campsites, a picnic area, nature trail and playground, all edging the Edisto River. 95 SCALE \?--'--"i m 7., Eo M T, ~, , .1. hehaw Boat Landing _. _ *_, 2. West Bank Boat Landing 3. Fields Point Boat Landing 4. Brickyard Ferry Boat Landing 5. Bennetts Point Boat Landing : 6. Live Oak Boat Landing 7. Edisto Marina 8. Flowers Seafood Co. Boat Landing 9. Edisto Beach State Park 96 SALTWATER FISHING OPPORTUNITIES IN SOUTH CAROLINA South Carolina's marine resources provide outstanding recreational opportunities throughout the year. Oysters, clams, shrimp, blue crabs and over X 400 species of fish may be taken along the 2,876 miles of South Carolina tidal shoreline. An endless maze of tidal creeks wander through thousands of acres of unspoiled marshland; nearly half a million acres of tidal bottoms and 10,000 square miles of continental shelf are available. South Carolina's coast provides the saltwater angler with the quality and diversity of fishing that has made it one of the best sportfishing areas along the Atlantic coast. The diversity of fishing types and methods is nearly as varied as the anglers themselves. From hand lines used along a creek bank to the outriggers of a charter boat trolling in the Gulf Stream, South Carolina has it all. Inshore fishing opportunities and experiences in South Carolina range from standing alone in the surf on a desolate barrier island to standing shoulder to shoulder on an ocean fishing pier catching spot as fast as you can bait your hook. / There are four major types of inshore angling: bridge and bank fishing, surf fishing, small boat fishing, and pier fishing. Each offers its own unique appeal to hundreds of thousands of anglers annually. Spot, silver perch, croaker, sheepshead, and flounder, along with seatrout and channel bass (red drum) provide plenty of excitement and excellent dining for bank and bridge fishermen. A double hook rig fished directly on the bottom using a small-to-medium size rod and reel is the most common tackle employed. The bait used depends on the fish sought. Shrimp is the best all around bait especially for spot, croaker, and flounder. Surf fishing is readily available and requires little more than a suitable rod and reel, basic terminal tackle, and patience. A six to ten foot rod with a medium to large reel is the preferred outfit. Two basic rigs are employed. A double hook bottom rig with a pyramid sinker and number 4 or 6 hooks, using dead shrimp, bloodworms, or cut fish for bait is effective on the smaller species such as spot, pompano, whiting (kingfish), and small drum. A fish finder rig consisting of a 5/0 to 7/0 hook tied to a 1 to 3 foot heavy monofilament or steel leader with a free sliding pyramid sinker is employed when fishing for large bluefish and channel bass which roam the surf from early spring through summer. Fresh squid, cut mullet and blue crabs are the favored baits for these larger fish. Small boat anglers have virtually unlimited opportunities for fishing in the coastal bays, inlets, creeks and rivers. Speckled trout, weakfish or summer trout, channel bass (red drum), black drum, flounder, and sheepshead are the most popular species sought. Cobia, Spanish mackerel, bluefish, and tarpon are also big favorites among these anglers. Major methods employed are float fishing with live shrimp, bottom fishing with cut or live bait, casting and trolling with small artificial lures, or slow trolling with live minnows near the bottom. South Carolina fishing piers provide easy access to fishing for thousands of anglers each year and one of the most leisurely and inexpensive forms of angling enjoyment. Spot, croaker, whiting (kingfish), pompano, silver perch (yellowtail), and bluefish are the primary species harvested, although everything from seatrout and flounder to king mackerel, tarpon, and cobia may be caught from these platforms. 97 Pier anglers generally use a small to medium size rod and reel with a double commercial fishermen. hook bottom rig with dead shrimp for bait. This method is effective on such South Carolina maintains a number of marked public shellfish grounds along species as whiting, spot, croaker, and pompano. Live shrimp or mud minnows are the coast where public harvesting of oysters and clams is allowed. Because preferred for such species as weakfish (summer trout), speckled trout, and intertidal oysters are exposed at low tide, very little equipment is needed and flounder. Larger rods and reels with 50 to 80 pound test line are usually harvesting is usually done by hand. However, most public shellfish grounds are employed when fishing for king mackerel, cobia, or tarpon. Usually small live fish accessible only by boat. Intertidal oysters grow in large clumps, and a small such as bluefish, mullet, or menhaden from 4 to 10 inches long are floated near hammer or pick is useful to break off the larger oysters from the clumps. Clams the surface as bait. Each pier usually has regulations governing the latter form of in these areas may be dug by hand, with a shovel or clam rake and are usually fishing. One should inquire about these regulations before fishing. buried just a few inches below the surface. Clams seem to prefer a mixture of The numerous inlets, bays and sounds of South Carolina provide access to an sand and mud and may be found by looking for small holes on the surface of the infinite variety of offshore fishing opportunities. Whether an angler seeks the sand just above and below the water's edge. hard fighting bottom fish that abound on the natural and artificial reefs or the heart-stopping strike of the mighty blue marlin, South Carolina offers the opportunity for an adventure of a lifetime. Offshore trolling at its best can be found from late April to December, though many pelagic (found in open ocean waters) gamefish are present year-round in the warm Gulf Stream waters beyond the continental shelf. In the shallower waters, 30 to 180 feet deep, king mackerel, Spanish mackerel, little tunny, amberjack, barracuda, and bluefish tend to dominate the sportsfishermen's catch. Those anglers plying the deeper waters further offshore find their catches primarily made up of big wahoo, dolphin, blackfin tuna, yellowfin tuna, and billfishes. Offshore bottom fish such as sea bass (blackfish), porgies, snappers, triggerfish and grouper inhabit areas of rough bottom, natural reefs, artificial reefs, and shipwrecks found along the continental shelf. The rough bottom and natural reef areas lying in 60 to 90 feet of water along the coast are referred to as the blackfish banks. The rough bottom and natural reefs occurring in waters over 90 feet deep are usually referred to as the snapper banks. Red porgies (called silver snapper), vermilion snapper, triggerfish, red snapper, tilefish, and a variety of groupers are the most prominent inhabitants of these productive areas. The blackfish banks range from 5 to 25 miles offshore while the deeper snapper banks occur 20 to 50 miles offshore. The artificial reefs, built 3 to 15 miles offshore, have helped to bring concentrations of these prized bottom fish within range of the small boat owners. These reefs not only produce excellent catches of bottom fish but fine catches of many pelagic species as well. Recreational crabbing, shrimping, oystering and clamming are favorite family activities and obviously rewarding ones in South Carolina. Blue crabs abound throughout South Carolina's coastal waters and are easily caught by the novice on his first time out. Blue crabs are caught recreationally year-round, although the warmer months (April through November) are best. Crabs may be caught from the shore or from a bridge, pier or boat, and a minimal amount of equipment is needed. Drop nets and crab traps baited with whole mullet, herring or raw chicken necks are favorite methods for recreational crabbing. The most common methods of catching shrimp recreationally are by cast nets, drop nets and haul seines. Haul seines may not exceed 40 feet in length and must have a minimum square mesh size of 1/2 inch (nylon) or 9/16 inch (cotton). Bait to attract shrimp can only be used in a drop net except during special seasons and a license is required along with other special requirements. Shrimp may also be caught in channel nets and by trawling; a license is also required and all restrictions in regard to gear, areas and seasons are the same as those placed on 98 OUR DYNAMIC SHORELINE There can be no more attractive scene than a beach on a summer afternoon - you walk along the strand with the surf lapping around your ankles. You pick up a strange shell that strikes your fancy and watch the terns skittering just out of reach of the waves. You smell the salt air and peer at a shrimper trawling offshore. You watch the sun quench itself in the ocean or set behind a low line of marsh and trees. Such is the stuff that dreams are made of. And so visitors come to South Carolina's beaches, first as tourists, but ultimately perhaps as permanent inhabitants. They want motel rooms /and condominiums and homes as close as possible to the ocean and the COLLETON COUNTY .9 ~ ~~*~beaches that drew them here. General Sites Only, beachfront property isn't so solid and secure. And those who .4~oo~/~ , 4/y//Y//~Y//~/Y///~/~/ ~ , ~/ ,/p ~ \'*p~� ,/ ~wish to reside here, whether for a week or a lifetime, may find themselves in conflict with the forces of nature, those forces which mold the beach WEST BANK BOAT LANDING 8 that attracted them in the first place. CHEHAW BOAT LANDING 8 8 8 To a much higher degree than property on the mainland, the beach and FIELDS POINT BOAT LANDING 8 the dunes are part of a dynamic system, subject to the influence of a BRICKYARD FERRY BOAT LANDING 8 complex assortment of natural process, some of which operate very BENNETT'S POINT BOAT LANDING 8 gradually, almost imperceptibly. And some of which appear anything but EDISTO BEACH STATE PARK * * gradual. LIVE OAK BOAT LANDING O O OThe storms - the hurricanes of summer and fall and the nor'easters of EDISTO MARINA 8 winter - affect the beaches most dramatically, sometimes altering the FLOWERS SEAFOOD BOAT LANDING * * * shoreline by tens of feet overnight. But beach erosion - and its converse, accretion - occurs year-round, in all weather. When we see a wave, exhausted, deposit a tiny, temporary line of sand, only a grain or two high, before it begins to ebb; when we watch the wavelets of a rising tide nibble away at an inch-high sand ridge, COLLETON COUNTY undercutting it and toppling it bit by bit into the water that swirls it away Activities .o' -.~40 ~$'~- when we see such events, small as they are, we are seeing erosion in Activiti/~~* "o' ,~~ �~~~~~./es',/~o~x~ ~x//~o.~.. action. And in the long run, the cumulative effects of these gradual, / - . /y /�'-subtle forces may do more to shape our beaches than do the dramatic, WEST BANK BOAT LANDING a 8 0 8 but sporadic, storms that catch our attention. CHEHAW BOAT LANDING 8 8 Thus there is a built-in conflict - between the people who want to FIELDS POINT BOAT LANDING a a 0 preserve their homes and motels and businesses along the beaches, and BRICKYARD FERRY BOAT LANDING a 8 the dynamic natural forces that are constantly at work remolding the SENNE1T'S POINT BOAT LANDING 0 strand and, in some places, sweeping away the sand upon which those EDISTO BEACH STATE PARK 8 (a 0 0 a * 0 * * * buildings stand. After hearing much debate about beach erosion in 1988, the General LIVE OAK BOAT LANDING 8 8 8 Assembly took two actions to deal with the matter- it enacted a ED1STO MARINA 0 8 8 8 0 Comprehensive Beachfront Management bill, and it approved funds for FLOWERS SEAFOOD BOAT LANDING 8 projects to renourish the beach. 99 COLLETON COUNTY Facilities WEST BANK BOAT LANDING @ ( | 0 0 _ CHEHAW BOAT LANDING 0 0 FIELDS POINT BOAT LANDING C O | BRICKYARD FERRY BOAT LANDING 0 | 0 BENNETT'S POINT BOAT LANDING ( a EDISTO BEACH STATE PARK o �0 W | | o o LIVE OAK BOAT LANDING __- ____ EDISTOMARINA ( a0 0 0 0 0 0 _ FLOWERS SEAFOOD BOAT LANDING �I I I COLLETON COLLETON COUNTY C:OLILETO9N COU1NTY /g /'v// cPw/@f Site Descriptions Environment/Access Site Descriptions /von n /Ac es/Y/T//7/~///q,/ // // /West Bank Boat Landing - Concession and bait available only in season; WEST BANK BOAT LANDING | restrooms in poor shape; area is primarily for freshwater access. CHEHAW BOAT LANDING I 0 I _ _Chehaw Boat Landing - Small dock to assist boaters. FIELDS POINT BOAT LANDING | 0 BFIELDS POINT BOAT LANDING Fields Point Boat Landing - Restrooms in very poor condition; long dirt access BRICKYARD FERRY BOAT LANDING|| 1 BENNETT'S POINT BOAT LANDING | |l lroad in remote rural area. BENNETT'S POINT BOAT LANDING 01 EDISTO BEACH STATE PARK 0 | | 0 e | Brickyard Ferry Boat Landing - Fixed fishing pier in very poor condition; LIVE OAK BOAT LANDING 0 | | picnic shelter in poor condition. EDISTO MARINA 0 e � | | | @ Edisto Beach State Park - Camping fee is $12 and up; parking fee is $2/car FLOWERS SEAFOOD BOAT LANDING � (day use permitted); primitive camping available for $.50 per person (must have a group); Live Oak Boat Landing is part of Edisto Beach State Park. Flowers Seafood Company Boat Landing - $3 launching fee; small ramp in poor condition. FOR MORE INFORMATION EDISTO MARINA Colleton County contact: Lowcountry and Resort Islands Tourism Commission ACCESSWAYS SPECIAL FEATURES P.O. Box 98 P.O. Box 98 1. Fairfield 1. Yemassee, SC 29945 1 Pvl . 803/726-5536 2 803/726-5536 2. Collins Pavilion 2. 3. Edisto Beach State Park 3. access throughout the park 100 0~~ 1 i ME A'~~~ STATE PAN FAIPP ZkAJI BEAUFORT COUNTY 102 BEAUFORT COUNTY Beaufort County has many faces to show its visitors. where a thousand graves, mostly Union, are a grim legacy of the Civil War. To some, the county means Hilton Head Island, with its world-class hotels and Off the coast lie a scattering of barrier islands. Fripp Island, 16 miles east of outstanding golf and tennis facilities. To others, it means beautiful antebellum Beaufort, is a vacation resort with condominiums and full recreational facilities homes, or maybe sweeping marshlands, barrier islands and wildlife. for its guests. On nearby St. Helena Island is Penn School Historic District and Hilton Head Island is the largest island between New Jersey and Florida, Museum, established in the midst of the Civil War as the first Southern school covering 42 square miles. Its careful development over the past 30 years has led for freed slaves. Its museum traces the heritage of blacks living among the sea to an international reputation as a resort, attracting vacationers with its sunshine, islands. Off the tip of Hilton Head is Daufuskie Island; accessible only by boat beaches, outstanding sports facilities and plush accommodations. Tennis courts and once isolated and untouched. Today, a large portion has been developed into draw the likes of Stan Smith and Evonne Goolagong Cawley, while the MCI exclusive resorts. Heritage Classic golf tournament is televised each year to avid golfers. Adjacent to Fripp Island is Hunting Island State Park, a 5,000-acre preserve of Other recreational offerings include 12 miles of beaches and seemingly endless beaches, forests and marshes that serves as home for deer, raccoon and waterfowl. bicycle paths, several marinas, and a variety of fine restaurants and interesting Cabins, 200 campsites, picnic areas and nature trails are available. shops. Elsewhere in the county, vacationers can see the beginnings of an exciting new Beaufort, back on the mainland, is the state's second oldest town. Its columned industry at the Waddell Mariculture Research and Development Center, near the houses line the bay, catching sea breezes as they have for more than 100 years. U.S. 278-S.C. 46 intersection. The center researches the cultivation of The nearby Henry C. Chambers Waterfront Park is a good location for a stroll, marketable marinelife. A drive through the 25,608-acre Savannah National watching the seagulls and the docking boats. The park's Beaufort Visitors Center Wildlife Refuge in neighboring Jasper County takes visitors along the dikes of can provide information about the Beaufort Museum or the three historic houses several old rice plantations, and gives a good view of native wildlife and open to the public. Vacationers can also learn about the Parris Island Marine waterfowl. Corps Recruit Depot's museum, or get directions to the National Cemetery, 103 2 / *0~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~'~C "'N, -z - Ptan~3-dn 48 ~~~~~~~~~~h HL- C79,h3 80..~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 2 83.80MILES P 0~~~~~~~~~~~ /005558408~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~U5 ~~T~~~TIIIN~~~~~ 1. Combahee Boat Landing .j~~~~~~~~~~ ~A 2. Wimbee Boat Landing 3. Paige Point Boat Landing 4. Grays Hill Boat Landing 5. Brickyard Crook Boat Landing 6. White Hall Boat Landing 7. Sams Point Boat Landing 8. Broomfield Park 104 RECREATIONAL SHELLFISH HARVESTING The saltwater marshes, creeks, rivers, and ocean shores of South Carolina's ......7 coast host an abundance of shellfish including shrimp, blue crabs, oysters, and clams. Armed with a little knowledge and relatively simple gear, you can have a lot of fun harvesting these species. Only half of the enjoyment is in collecting them, however. Once you have a basket of crabs, oysters, or whatever, you have the basis for a truly delectable seafood dinner. There are few legal restrictions pertaining to recreational shellfish harvesting in South Carolina, but those laws that do exist are very important to the conservation of our marine resources. Take time to become familiar with existing regulations and contact the South Carolina Wildlife and Marine Resources Department if you have any questions. Ask most people what their favorite seafood is and chances are the answer will .. .. be shrimp. There are several gear types used to recreationally harvest shrimp; probably the most popular is the cast net. Although cast nets are made in several sizes and materials, monofilament nets with a radius of 4 to 6 feet are favored. A good tackle dealer can recommend the net best suited to your purposes, and although these nets cost around $30 or more, with proper care they can last several sessions. Cast nets can be used from a bank, dock, bridge, boat, or even while wading. Seines are another gear type often used to catch shrimp. They are pulled by two people and may be expensive but the yield can be high if they are used properly. Seines cannot be more than 40 feet in length and webbing must be a minimum of 1/2 inch square for nylon nets or 9/16 inch square for cotton. Law forbids blocking of any slough, creek, or waterway by more than one half its width at any tide stage. The most effective way to pull a seine is with the falling tide. Drop nets are mesh panels attached to a frame and rope bridle. They are baited, often with smoked herring, and lowered from a bridge or dock until they rest flat on the bottom. Periodically they are retrieved and checked for shrimp. These nets are most efficient when used after dark. The most productive time for recreational shrimping is generally during late summer and early fall. This is usually when shrimp have reached a harvestable size and begin moving from creeks toward the open ocean. Shrimp are most commonly found over mud bottoms and often in deep holes since they tend to avoid light. These are the best areas to seek when using cast nets or drop nets. In order to use a seine, however, you must find a sand or sand/shell bottom which will support your weight. There is currently no license or season for shrimping except when using bait. Shrimp baiting is covered under separate legislation and information on this subject may be obtained from Law Enforcement Offices of the South Carolina Wildlife and Marine Resources Department. There is, however, a catch limit which applies to any shrimp caught recreationally. The limit is 48 quarts whole shrimp or 29 quarts headed shrimp per person. Blue crabs are also sought most often during the warmer months. In winter months they are less active and may even burrow into the mud to escape cold water. The simplest and least expensive method of harvesting blue crabs recreationally requires a length of string or cord, a long-handled dip net, and some type of bait 105 6.~~~~~~~ ~.A 1 : P~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~ ~2 Beufr Rie FihnTPafr LJ.~~ ~ ~~~~~ 3, Sea IsadMrn O~~~~~ i _-.~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~1. Bo ir Boat Landing a~~~~~~. Freduomt Mall BoatLaning Paf I S A N 7*.a t L n i 8. Feacoy Cree Boatbr Landifrng a 3. Sattry Creek Boat landing 5 11. Poree Royal Boat Landing 106 9. Pigort Fredick Boat Landing 2 . BeauottRery CrekBotshning Pafr ,~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~I - Par RoalBatLndn 106~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~-~ ~ such as a chiclken neck or back. The bait is secured to one end of the line and large screwdriver is handy to allow you to break apart oyster clusters. You can then cast into the water (away from you if you are on a bank). You may wish to then retain only the larger oysters and leave dead shell and small oysters on the weight the baited end with a lead sinker or similar object if you are crabbing bank. A bucket or basket to hold your oysters is the only other requirement. where currents are swift. After a few minutes or as soon as you feel a tug, slowly Clams perfer to live in a sand or sand/shell area and are often found in retrieve the line. It helps to have your net ready in the water to scoop up the crab association with oyster beds. They are generally found buried under an inch or as this may avoid a sudden splash which would cause the crab to release the bait two of the substrate. Empty clam shells are one indication that live clams may be and scuttle away. close by. Also, the siphoning action of a live clam may leave a telltale keyhole- Drop nets for crabs are inexpensive and work on the same principle as shrimp shaped opening in the substrate. A small garden fork is handy for clam digging. If drop nets. The net mesh may be larger and chicken or fish is used in place of you find one live clam, chances are good that others are nearby. smoked herring for bait. Be sure to secure the bait to the net with string or twine The recreational harvesting limit is two U.S. bushels of oysters and/or one half so crabs cannot steal the bait while the net is resting on the bottom. You can use bushel of clams per person per day; no size limit exist for oysters. All clams drop nets for crabs any time of day. retained must be at least one inch thick. Also, clamming and oystering must be Collapsible crab traps are fished exactly like crab drop nets and are also done between one half hour before sunrise and one half hour after sunset. inexpensive and readily available at coastal hardware and tackle shops. All shellfish, once harvested, should be kept cold. Clams, oysters, and blue The most effective gear for crabbing is the crab pot, or trap, which commercial crabs should be kept alive prior to preparation and consumption. Do not store crabbers typically use. It is a mesh cube usually made of chicken wire weighted on any of these animals or shrimp in water. If crabs do not exhibit any signs of the bottom, with a bait well which is filled with chicken or an oily fish like movement, or if clam and oyster shells are broken or not tightly closed, discard menhaden. Once crabs enter the trap in search of the bait they find it difficult to them. escape. These traps can be purchased at marine tackle dealers for around $20. Further information can be obtained from South Carolina Wildlife and Marine The law allows the use of two crab pots per person for recreational use. They Resources Department, Recreational Fisheries, P.O. Box 12559. Charleston, S.C. can be deployed from a dock with a line attached to the pot for retrieval 29412, (803) 795-6350. purposes. If they are to be left in the water unattended (and not secured to a fixed structure), the line must be buoyed with a float made of a material such as cork or styrofoam. The float cannot be glass or metal and must be marked with the owner's name if left unattended. The traps cannot be set so as to be left, dry at low tide or within 100 yards of a public boat landing. Also they may not be left unattended for more than five days. There is no license requirement, fixed season, or catch limit for recreational crabbing. All crabs which are retained, however, must measure at least 5 inches point to point across the back. Also any sponge crab or female crab bearing a visible egg mass must be returned to the water. Unlike shrimping and crabbing, oystering and clamming are usually associated with winter months and cooler temperatures. There is a season during which you may harvest clams and oysters, usually from September 16 through May 14 each year. The exact dates are set by the Wildlife Department. Also unlike shrimping and crabbing, which may be done almost anywhere you have access to saltwater, there are specified areas where you may gather oysters and clams. The Wildlife Department maintains a number of areas for recreational harvesting and maps of these are available from the Department. Those areas designated as "State Shellfish Grounds" are open to state residents, non-residents, and also to commercial harvesters by permit. 'Public Oyster Grounds" are open to South Carolina residents only for recreational harvesting. Other areas may be closed by DHEC due to pollution (these are marked with yellow signs) or under private shellfish culture permit. In order to harvest on a permitted area you may need written permission from the permit holder. The best time to go clamming or oystering is at low tide when the shellfish are exposed on the bank. Daily newspapers and weather services usually list the times for low tide. Oysters can be gathered by hand, but you should wear gloves and boots or heavy shoes to protect you from the sharp shells. An old hammer or 107 o. :on. .. _ 1. Eddings Point Boat Landing 2. Butch's Island Boat Landing .~~~~~"*"~~~~~~~~~~~ ~3. Harbor River Fishing Platform 4. Johnson Creek Boat Landing __-~~~~~~~ ~5. Chowan Creek Fishing Platform 6. Johnson Creek Fishing Plattorm 7. St. Helena Park 8. Wallace Landing 9. Capers Landing -o."J B-, l,>10. Hunting Island State Park 11. Scott Community Center 12. Russ Point Boat Landing SCALE 13. Bermuda Bluff Boat Landing ...... / ; ; 14. Fripp Island Marina 15. Station Creek Boat Landing 16. Pritchards Island 108 A SEAFOOD HERITAGE Ben Moise's She-Crab Soup The South Carolina coast offers its residents and visitors a wealth ot seafoods This world-renowned Charleston specialty makes use of the delicate crab roe to to harvest and enjoy. Although availability varies with season, seafood lovers can add flavor and texture to the creamy base. The following version comes from an usually catch or purchase several species of shellfish and half a dozen different excellent cook who also happens to be a Law Enforcement Officer for the S.C. finfish at any time of year. Shrimp, crab, oysters, clams, whelks and scallops can Wildlife and Marine Resources Department. be found in seafood markets throughout the state, as can grouper, tilefish, You will need the meat from about 10 to 12 crabs (one pound of white meat), snapper, sea bass, sea trout, catfish, whiting, mullet, spot, flounder, king mackerel and about four ounces of the hard orange crab roe found on the inside of the and many others. In fact, South Carolina harbors the widest variety of species of female's shell. It should not be confused with the orange sponge of eggs on the any state on the Atlantic coast. outside of female undershells; these are illegal to take. It's no wonder, then, that seafood has been such a key ingredient in the Mince one small onion, one stringed stalk of celery and saute in a pan with culinary history of the state's coastal region. The vast expanses of marsh offer rich one-half stick of sweet butter. Saute until the onions and celery are translucent. nursery grounds for all manner of organisms, most of which grow up to be those Then sprinkle one tablespoon of flour over them and stir. This light coating helps same species of fish and shellfish that have provided sustenance for many the vegetables float in the soup instead of sitting on the bottom of the bowl. generations of South Carolinians. Recipe collections, diaries, and ancient Begin warming seven cups of milk and one pint of light cream in a double cookbooks attest this fact. They are sprinkled with reference and recipes for such boiler. Place the crab meat (not the roe) in the pan with the sauteed vegetables favorites as pine bark stew, cooter pie, shrimp perlo, shark steak with gravy, and warm while stirring in four or five tablespoons dry sherry, one-half teaspoon roasted oysters, and of course, she-crab soup. Although harvesting and storage mace, a pinch each of salt and ground white pepper and several healthy dollops of methods have changed with the years, the wide variety and excellent quality have "wooster" sauce. When this mixture is warm, add it to the milk and cream in the not. double boiler and cook over an extremely low heat for just under an hour. In recent years, we have followed this rich seafood tradition and have added If you like, more sherry may be added to the individual servings, as the hard one of our own - eating light for health and weight control. Seafood is once roe is crumbled in the bottom of the soup bowls. Top-garnish each serving with again a staple; no longer a necessity, but of choice. Of the thousands of food chopped parsley or a light dusting of paprika. products available to us every day, many of us still choose seafood as our favorite This recipe serves from four to twelve, depending on appetites and the protein source because of its low fat, low calorie nutritional profile and delicious generosity of the cook. flavor. While we may avoid the more lavish ingredients that once regularly graced NOTE: Crab roe may be omitted if not available. fish and shellfish dishes, we still accept the basic premise that seafood tastes good and is good for us. But we still like to eat seafood the "old way," even though traditional recipes Frogmore Stew are often higher in fat and cholesterol than newer, streamlined preparations. The The ultimate casual dish, Frogmore Stew is concocted of several southern following recipes provide the best of both eras - some low in fat, calories and favorites - corn, smoked sausage, and fresh local shrimp. It goes by a variety of cholesterol - and others whose flavor and texture are worth an occasional names, including Beaufort Stew, Frogmore Goulash or "Dump" (because it can splurge in spite of the cream and butter they contain. be dumped out on the table for serving). You can serve it for a party of 2 or 200, and be assured that all the guests will be satisfied. RECIPES Scalloped Oysters Per person: This traditional recipe is delicious and simple - perfect for a quick and easy 1 link (4 inches) smoked sausage, sliced into 1-inch pieces seafood supper. Serve with broiled tomato halves and steamed broccoli for a 1 ear corn complete meal. 3/4 to 1 pound shrimp in the shell (heads off) 2 pints shucked standard oyster with liquid Crab boil seasoning, about 1 tablespoon per quart of water (Crab boil is available 2 to 3 cups coarsely crushed crackers at most fresh fish shops or the spice section of most supermarkets). /2 cup (1 stick) margarine or butter Fill pot with just enough water to cover all ingredients by 1 inch. Add crab boil 1 to 2 cups milk and sausage. Cover, reduce heat and simmer for 20 minutes. Add corn and cook Salt and pepper to taste for 10 minutes. Add shrimp and cook for 3 minutes*, or until a large shrimp is Place alternate layers of oysters and crackers in a greased 2-quart casserole. Dot opaque all the way through when cut in half. Drain and serve in large pans or on each layer with margarine or butter and sprinkle with salt and pepper. End with a tables covered with newspaper. Beer and rolls make great accompaniments. If layer of crumbs. Add milk until liquid almost reaches top of casserole. Dot with desired, new potatoes in their skins and onions may be added with the sausage. remaining margarine. *NOTE: cooking times will have to be adjusted if cooking large quantities of Bake in preheated over 3500 F. until brown, 45 to 60 minutes. Makes 6 stew. For a batch containing 30 pounds of shrimp, it will take about 20 minutes generous servings. to cook them all. 109 ndlifl~ Nil1 W - C /A//i// / / - | 1 . Victoria Bluff Boat Landing RIVE/ z Rd / 2 Pinckney Island National Wildlife Refuge BULL II . Skull Creek Marina 4 ;. Barker Field 5. Beach City Road ,~x"~~~~~~~~~~~ 8~~~~6. Buckingham Boat Landing 7. Skull Creek Landing 8. Jenkins Island Dock and Platform 11 09. Outdoor R esorts, RV Resort & Yacht Club - l i!lll M~ N 1 0. C.C. Haigh Jr. Boat Landing 11. All Joy Boat Landing /e~~~~~~~~~~~~~"~~ ~12. Windmill Harbour 13. Old House Creek Boat Landing :~~rE;6L-~~~~~~~~~~ ~~14. Broad Creek Boat Landing 15. Folly Field I8~~ -~~��~~~~~~ ~16. Bradley Beach Public Access ~~ ~+~/~~~~~~~ ~ ~~~17. Burks Beach 18. Singleton Beach 19. Palmetto Bay Marina SA ~,._,,^20. Outdoor Resorts Motor Coach Resort 21. Coligny Circle Parking Lot 1 S 4 ~I MET"RS 22. Harbour Town Yacht Basin 23. South Beach Marina 24. Daufuskie Island Dock and Float 110 White Clam Sauce DON'T ROCK THE BOAT Mama mia! This very simple recipe is full of rich, salty clam flavor. Keeping Are you an adult male between the ages of twenty-one and fifty-six? canned clams on hand makes it the perfect dish to serve last minute guests. Best Do you own an eighteen-foot powerboat? of all, it is very low in fat and cholesterol. Do you enjoy boating on inland waters in broad daylight? 2 dozen cherrystone clams Well, strap on your life preserver... OR According to reports from state officials, you fall into the "high fatality" group 2 cans (8 oz. each) minced clams, drained, juice reserved of South Carolina boaters. The good news, though, is that your accident record is 1 cup dry white wine improving, owing in large part to a greater appreciation for safety standards and 1/4 cup olive oil boating education. 4 cloves garlic, minced Most deaths involving watercraft are due to carelessness. A fisherman stands up � cup chopped fresh parsley to cast a line, overturning the boat. Friends motor off for a day of cruising, 1�1 tablespoons chopped fresh basil (optional) oblivious to the dark clouds behind them. Weather conditions, speed, alcohol, OR fatigue, equipment failure are all factors in boating-related accidents, and most 1�2 teaspoon dried can be controlled by you. Freshly ground black pepper to taste Safety begins with a well-maintained boat and the right gear. Your equipment 1 package (16 oz.) vermicelli or linguine should include a personal flotation device (pfd) for each passenger, fire Wash clams well. Place in a heavy pot with the wine. Cover and steam until extinguishers, signaling devices, first aid kit, and other government-approved clams open (about 10 minutes after the steam starts). Remove clams and set safety aids. In South Carolina, state boating guidelines generally parallel federal aside. Strain the broth, return to kettle and boil it down until reduced by half. regulations and are outlined in the S.C. Boater's Handbook. Mince the clams with a sharp knife, or in a food processor. Before you launch your boat, check weather reports right up until the point of Mince the clams with a sharp knife, or in a food processor. Meanwhile, cook the pasta. departure and throughout the trip. It's also a good idea to leave a "float plan" Heat the olive oil over medium low heat. Add the garlic and saute briefly - do with a friend or relative, advising them of your itinerary, passenger list and boat not let it brown. Add parsley, basil, black pepper, and clam juice/wine mixture. description. Always make sure that at least one other person aboard can operate Simmer about 3 minutes. Add minced clams. Heat to simmer and serve over hot the boat in case you're incapacitated. If you're pulling water skiers, one person cooked spaghetti. If desired, pass grated parmesan cheese. Makes 6 servings. must act as a spotter at all times. Safety becomes even more important in areas which support a variety of boats Tropical Broiled Fish and recreational interests. Deep waters attract all kinds of activity - shipping; This recipe was submitted to our Seafood Cooking Contest during the 1987 sailing, fishing, powerboating, waterskiing - and may put commercial barges in Recreational Fishing Fair by Joyce Kim of Charleston. It promptly won the the same lane with pleasure craft. Know what sort of traffic to anticipate in a judges' hearts and was awarded first place. given waterway and follow the rules accordingly. Be aware, too, that some boating accidents take place on dry land. If you're rigging your sailboat out of the water, 6 fish fillets (6 oz. each) check above you for overhead wires. That aluminum mast is higher than you 4 sprigs fresh basil think and serves as a perfect conductor of electricity. 2 sprigs fresh parsley or coriander The most common cause of boating fatalities is capsizing, and people falling 3 cloves garlic, peeled overboard. Often, boaters ignore capacity limits and overload their craft, or 3 small shallots, peeled distribute weight unevenly. Never stand upright in a small boat or attempt to step 1 slice (1/� inch) fresh ginger, peeled from one end to the other. When you drop anchor, do so from the bow rather �1 teaspoon black pepper than the stern, which is already weighted down with the engine. 1/� teaspoon red pepper Collisions are responsible for half of the injuries in boating accidents, as 1 teaspoon paprika operators run into stumps, piers, river banks, rocks and other boaters. The usual 1 teaspoon salt excuse is, "I never even saw the thing!", and sometimes it's almost believable. 3 tablespoons olive oil Such accidents invariably happen on a clear, sunny day with unlimited visibility. Combine all ingredients in a food processor and process for 30 seconds. OR, The reason may be due to the effects of prolonged exposure to sun, wind, finely chop fresh ingredients and combine in a bowl with seasonings and oil. Lay motion, vibration and glare, elements which can create a form of "highway fillets on a sheet pan, skin side down. Lightly spread with seasoning. If desired, hypnosis" among boat drivers and. reduce reaction time. top each with a scant teaspoon melted butter. Broil at 5500 until done, about 8 to Alcohol further weakens reflexes, especially on hot days when dehydration is a 12 minutes. Makes 6 servings. Garnish with slices of fresh tropical fruit such as risk. Iced alcoholic beverages aren't absorbed into the bloodstream as quickly as mango, papaya, pineapple or kiwi. warm ones of the same strength, and a stomach full of food also slows down 111 BEAUFORT COUNTY General Sites NK�#94 COMBAHEE BOAT LANDING 0absorption.To be safe, though, postpone cocktail hour until you pull into WIMBEE BOAT LANDING 0 0port. Soft drinks and an occasional malt liquid won't do you in, but the PAIGE POINT BOAT LANDING ~~~~~~~~~~~~best beverage for hot-weather boating is plain water. PAIGE POINT BOAT LANDING 0 0 0 ~~~~~~~~~~If your boat capsizes, stay with it. Your chances of rescue are seven GRAYS HILL BOAT LANDING 0 0 0times better if you do. No matter how strong your swimming skills, the SEA ISLAND MARINE 000odds of reaching safety are slim. Accidents can be traumatic and BEAUFORT COUNTY DEPT. OF PUBLIC WORKS disorienting. Distances may be greater than they appear. A frightened, or Beaufort River Fishing Platform 0 ID slightly intoxicated, boater may panic in the water, become exhausted Bermuda Bluff Boat Landing a 0 and drown. Currents and tides work against swimmers and, in the case of Brickyard Creek Boat Landing a 0 hunters and fishermen, heavy boots and clothing add extra weight. Broad Creek Landing 0 a In cool weather, accident victims are prone to hypothermia after too Buckingham L anding a 9 ~~~~~~~~~~~~much exposure to air and wetness. To guard against loss of body heat, Butch's Island Boat Landing a keep as much of your body out of the water as possible and try to remain C.C. Haigh Jr. Boat Landing 00 still. Some personal flotation devices actually insulate vulnerable neck, Capers Boat Landing 0 side and groin areas. Always make sure your life preserver is within easy reach, or better yet, wear it at all times. Chowan Creek Fishing Platform 0 As compared to many activities, boating is relatively safe; but even one Dautuakie Island Dock and Float 0 0fatality is one too many. Caution is the best defense against accidents. Eddings Point Landing 0Your local U.S. Coast Guard Auxiliary offers boating safety courses, as Fort Frederick Boat Landing 0 0do several other organizations. For more information on boating and a Freedom Mail Boat Landing 00copy of the S.C. Boater's Handbook, contact the S.C. Boating Division, Harbor River Fishing Platform 0 0S.C. Wildlife and Marine Resources Department, P.O. Box 12259, Jenkins Island Dock & Float 00Charleston, S.C. 29412, 803/795-6350. Johnson Creek Boat Landing0 0 Johnson Creek Fishing Platform0 0 Old House Creek Landing0 0 Port Royal Boat Landing00 Russ Point Boat Landing0 0 Sams Point Boat Landing0 0 Skull Creek Landing0 Station Creek Boat Landing00 Wallace Landing0 0 White Hall Boat Landing0 0 BEAUFORT COUNTY RECREATION COMM. 112 BEAU FORT COUNTY General Sites /G '. Barker Field @ Booker T. Washington Community Center 0 ( Broomfield Park 0 . BARRIER ISLANDS IN S.C. Burton Wells Park Dale Community Center 0 � Barrier islands are the outermost coastal landforms which separate the Jerico Park (281 Park) 0 .. mainland and lagoons from the ocean. As such, they serve as the first line M.C. Riley Athletic Fields '' o of defense against storm tides and damaging waves. Their attraction is May River Park : obvious. Few coastal features provide as much variety of habitats and Scott Community Center landforms in close proximity to each other. The juxtaposition of beaches, Seabrook Community Center 9 @ 1 , surf, rolling sand dunes, and tranquil lagoons is striking and accounts for St. Helena Park C o mmuniy Ctheir distinctive character. While barrier islands are often thought of as HENRY C. CHAMBERS WATERFRONT PARK fragile, thin ribbons of sand lining the coast, there are many variations. This is particularly true along the South Carolina coast. FACTORY CREEK BOAT LANDING a ln Barrier islands tend to be most common along gently sloping BROAD RIVER BOAT LANDING sedimentary coasts where the supply of sand is plentiful and tide range is BATTERY CREEK BOAT LANDING relatively small. As a result, we find them more often along our East EDGAR C. GLEN BOAT LANDING 0 0 0 Coast than the tectonically active West Coast or places with large tides. CITY OF BEAUFORT An almost continuous chain of barrier islands extends from Long Island Bay Street Battery Park 0 � to Florida. Almost all of these islands, as we know them, formed within Pigeon Point Boat Landing the past few thousand years after sea level reached its present level or so. Waterfront Park Boat Landing 0 Therefore, in a geologic sense, they are very young landforms. However, Wilson Park 0 review of a map will show many differences in size and orientation. HUNTING ISLAND STATE PARK o ~ �< Perhaps the most striking contrast occurs between the barriers of North Carolina and South Carolina. The Outer Banks of North Carolina FRIPP ISLAND MARINA � closely fit the classical definition of barrier islands with their long lengths PRITCHARDS ISLAND 0 0 and isolation from the mainland by open lagoons. Breaks between VICTORIA BLUFF BOAT LANDING 0 islands, known as tidal inlets, are few and far between. In South Carolina, USFWS SAVANNAH COASTAL REFUGES by contrast, most barrier islands are short and many are relatively wide. Pinckney Island NWR :: � They are backed by lagoons that have filled with marsh so that areas of SKULL CREEK MARINA ' 0 open water are smaller. Tidal inlets are more frequent and the ocean TOWN OF HILTON HEAD ISLAND shoreline tends to take on a more irregular shape than many long, Bradley Beach Public Access o 0 � straight barrier islands in other states. The principal reason for these Coligny Beach Access � � differences is the higher tide range occurring along the South Carolina Coligny Circle Parking Lot: @ _ coast. Tides here are 6-7 feet in comparison to the 3-4 foot tides of the Outer Banks and much of Florida's east coast. 113 BEAUFORT COUNTY General Sites OUTDOOR RESORTS, RV RESORT & YACHT CLUB (a ALL JOY BOAT LANDING 0 WINDMILL HARBOUR MARINA PALMETTO BAY MARINA 00 OUTDOOR RESORTS MOTORCOACH RESORT 00 0 HARBOUR TOWN YACHT BASIN 00 SOUTH BEACH MARINA 00 WHOOPING CRANE PONDI 0 WATERFRONT PARK MARINA 0 SHELTER COVE MARINA 00 OLD HOUSE MARINA 00 During the past millennium, many of South Carolina's barrier islands have gained sand and built seaward as a series of dune ridges, each of which represents an earlier shoreline position as one crosses from the ocean to the marsh. As sand accretes along the beach by wind and wave action, it builds new foredunes and I protects earlier dunes, allowing stable forest vegetation to propagate. Healthy stands of maritime forest generally indicate areas of South Carolina's barrier islands that have been stable for centuries. Examples can be found on Isle of Palms, Kiawab Island, and Hilton Head Island. Some of our barrier islands, however, have lost their sand supply by natural processes or because of certain works of man. One extreme example is Edingsvillover the marsh as the island retreats. The shoreline today is one-half mile closer to the mainland. The evidence suggests that tidal inlets control the shape and erosion/deposition history of South Carolina barriers. Inlets can either withhold sand from the beach for a time (affecting erosion rates) or they can release large masses of sand to the islands and cause a rapid buildup. Because of the complexity of this process, it is not obvious where and when inlets will cause problems. However, it is evident from recent history that shorelines near inlets in South Carolina are among our ~~~3 most dynamic areas. As a result, greater care is required in developing around them. South Carolina's barrier islands certainly rank among our state treasures. While development mistakes have degraded a number of islands, many have been preserved in a natural state. Lack of vehicle access to these areas insures that they will remain relatively pristine. Our developed islands also offer great variety because some have faired well over the last years and continue to build up - while others less fortunate, are eroding and providing a lesson in caution for future development. 114 BEAUFORT COUNTY 'Y / BEAUFY.ctivit i CO ~ff'~~/g/ /,.~"es", Farming The Coast Of South Carolina COMBAHEE BO13AT LAN4DING � Agriculture has been practiced in the State of South Carolina for more than WIMBEE BOAT LANDING O g 250 years. Farmers work their lands to get maximum crop production over the PAIGE POINT BOAT LANDING fewest acres. Products such as soybeans, tomatoes, corn, and tobacco have been GRAYS HILL BOAT LANDING @ cultivated for years; through diversification, new crops, including kiwi fruit and SEA ISLAND MARINE o O tea are now produced. Almost all South Carolinians have worked or been on a BEAUFORT COUNTY DEPT. OF PUBLIC WORKS farm; it is part of the heritage of all regions of the state, including the coastal zone. Beaufort River Fishing Platform Today, a new form of agriculture has caught South Carolina's attention: the Bermuda Bluff Boat Landing Platfpractice of aquaculture, or "farming the sea." Aquaculture has been formally defined as the cultivation of aquatic organisms in a confined or controlled Brickyard Creek Boat Landing environment. The development of the aquaculture industry holds great promise as a new source of protein to meet the nutritional needs of the state's citizens, and Buckingham Landing it is an environmentally-sound use of our marine and coastal resources. Butch's Island Boat Landing Aquaculture is not new to South Carolina; it has been practiced here since the C.C. Haigh Jr. Boat Landing 8 0 late 1800's. Oysters, terrapin, carp, and shad were cultured during this time. Capers Boat Landing 8 Today, the industry has expanded to include operations in 42 of the state's 46 Chowan Creek Fishing Platform 8 counties. Species such as trout, carp, catfish, marine shrimp, crawfish, oysters, Daufuskie Island Dock and Float hard clams, blue crabs, and various baitfish lead the list of viable culture Eddings Point Landing organisms. The industry is still young here, as it is throughout the United States Fort Frederick Boat Landing when compared to the rest of the world. In 1985, worldwide aquaculture Freedom Mail Boat Landing contributed some 13.6 million tons of seafood products, representing more than Harbor,,, RiverFishding Plaorm13% of the world harvest of fishery products; in the United States, this figure was Harbor River Fishing Platform 8 closer to 200,000 tons of seafood. Currently, private aquaculture operations in Jenkins Island Dock & Float {} 0 South Carolina produce 400 tons of product and contribute about $2 million Johnson Creek Boat Landing 8 annually to the state's economy; prospects for expansion appear great. Johnson Creek Fishing Platform ) Many feel the real potential for the future of aquaculture lies in mariculture, or Old House Creek Landing aquaculture of marine organisms. Species such as marine shrimp, hard clams, Port Royal Boat Landing 8 hybrid/striped bass, and spottail bass (redfish, channel bass, red drum) are Russ Point Boat Landing i extremely marketable and command premium prices. The technology to raise Sams Point Boat Landing these species in culture situations has been developed and demonstrated, and Skull Creek Landing several commercial operations have already begun cultivation. Station Creek Boat Landing 8 For example, the shrimp mariculture industry continues to expand in South Wallace Landing @ (Carolina. Current production is centered in the Edisto/Charleston area and White Hall Boat Landing ranges between 20 pounds per acre for "extensive" operations, to over 2,000 White Hall Boat Landing W ~ pounds per acre for "intensive" systems. (Extensive systems are low-tech, low- cost, and require minimal management, while intensive systems are high-tech, 115 BEAUFORT COUNTY o' Activities Barker Field ' high-cost, and require constant management.) Harvests of marine shrimp grown Booker T. Washington Community Center in experimental ponds at the James M. Waddell, Jr. Mariculture Research and Broomfield Park Development Center have reached more than 11,000 pounds per acre. Because of Burton Wells Park unsatisfied demand for this product, the potential for continued growth of the Dale Community Center shrimp farming industry is high. Jerico Park (281 Park) a Additionally, few marine species are as well-suited as hard clams for commercial development in South Carolina. Although no large-scale commercial M.C. Riley Athletic Fields clam culture presently exists in the state, several independent clammers are field May River Park testing various grow-out techniques on mariculture leases with hatchery-produced Scott Community Center t"seed" (animals less than two millimeters in size) clams. Current research is Seabrook Community Center geared to enhancing the biological and technological potential of the hard clam. St. Helena Park However, the establishment of the hard clam mariculture industry in the state has HENRY C. CHAMBERS WATERFRONT PARK 0 ' 0 0 O yet to occur. FACTORY CREEK BOAT LANDING Aquaculture offers an alternative means to obtain seafood. Today, pollution, BROAD RIVER BOAT LANDING over-fishing and increased demand for water resources have resulted in a decline BATTERY CREEK BOAT LANDING in our wildstock harvests. Aquaculture products can help supply the increasing EDGAR C. GLEN BOAT LANDING ~ consumer demand for seafood. And, in coastal South Carolina, the conditions are ripe for its development. CITY OF BEAUFORT Bay Street Battery Park Pigeon Point Boat Landing Waterfront Park Boat Landing Wilson Park HUNTING ISLAND STATE PARK 0 - 0 0 0 0 0 0 - 00 FRIPP ISLAND MARINA 0 0 PRITCHARDS ISLAND VICTORIA BLUFF BOAT LANDING USFWS SAVANNAH COASTAL REFUGES Pinckney Island NWR SKULL CREEK MARINA TOWN OF HILTON HEAD ISLAND Bradley Beach Public Access 0 0 - 00 Coligny Beach Access 0 E N 0 0) a 0 a 0 Coligny Circle Parking Lot 00 0 0 0 I 0 ' 116 BEAUFORT COUNTY ~/' / / Acztiviies S'. ' tdetritus, either in the water or in the mud, are called filter-feeders, and include, OUTDOOR RESORTS, RV RESORT & YACHT�CLUB 3 among others, insects, snails, crabs, oysters, shrimp and mullet. These in turn are OUTDOOR R E SORTS, RV0RESORT YBOACHT CLUB 0 @ fed upon by larger animals - fish, birds, dolphins, even man - and what ~~~~~~~~~~~ALL JOY BOAT LANDING ~develops is the complex, highly interconnected marine food chain. WINDMILL HARBOUR MARINA 8D 0 0 0The most predominant plant in South Carolina's salt marshes is smooth PALMETTO BAY MARINA 0 cordgrass (Spartina alterniflora). Few plants could survive in such a salty OUTDOOR RESORTS MOTORCOACH RESORT 0 0 0 environment exposed to wind and waves, and subject to extreme fluctuations in HARBOUR TOWN YACHT BASIN 0 O 0 O 0 @ 0 water levels. Cordgrass survives because of several adaptations: leaves which curl SOUTH BEACH MARINA 0 0 inward, exposing less surface area, thus reducing moisture loss; extensive WHOOPING CRANE POND O underground stems and roots which anchor the plant; large cells which retain air WATERFRONT PARK MARINA ( while the plant is submerged; and special glands that can remove excess salt. SHELTER COVE MARINA 0 O O O O O O O O O When cordgrass is exposed, one can run a finger along a leaf and collect the white SEOLD HOUSVE MARINA @p Isalt crystals that have been secreted. Not only do the grasses cushion the mainland from the strong winds and currents of the ocean, they also serve as a refuge and nursery ground for countless THE SALT MARSH animals. In fact, the majority of species of finfish and shellfish spend at least a part of their life cycle in the salt marsh. In spring and summer, the marshlands are Where the land meets the sea lie some of the most dynamic, most productive a flurry of activity. Insects hatch out in the warm, moist air, fiddler crabs "dance" areas on earth - the salt marshes. In South Carolina, hundreds of thousands of in unison on the mud banks, and periwinkle snails crawl up and down the acres of these wet, grassy meadows line the edges of harbors, rivers and creeks cordgrass leaves in sync with the rise and fall of the tides. Herons and shorebirds near the ocean. Not only do the salt marshes provide beautiful vistas, they also circle in to dine on the easy prey, while underwater, Atlantic bottle-nose dolphins lay the foundation for the marine food chain and serve as a gentle buffer between chase minnows and killfish breeding amidst the grass stems. the ocean and the land. As the tide rolls in, clapper rails run unseen through the cordgrass, blowing The nearest many people ever get to a salt marsh is driving between the their cover with a loud chorus of clap-like calls. Soft popping sounds are heard as mainland and the islands, over bridges and causeways which span salty, winding the saltwater submerges the mud banks and air bubbles escape. The marsh mud, waterways and their seemingly placid marshes. Closer inspection reveals a world commonly called "pluff mud", releases hydrogen sulfide (HzS) gas, which mixes in constant flux, teeming with activity, a delicate balance of growth and decay. with gases from decomposing plants and animals to emit a rich smell of life and Salt marshes emerge where silt and organic matter from the land have been decay. This odor may at first be mistaken for air pollution, but is actually the deposited around river mouths. Vegetation takes hold in the shallow areas that natural smell of a healthy, functioning salt marsh. are exposed at low tide. The vegetation helps to trap even more organic matter, Each season brings change. In the heat of July, cordgrass is bright green, gradually increasing elevation. contrasting with the gray-brown of black needlerush (Juncus roemerianus) found The lifeblood of the salt marsh is the twice daily ebb and flow of the tides, in slightly more elevated areas of the marsh. By October, the marsh appears on washing through the grasses, circulating phytoplankton and zooplankton fire, the flaming gold grasses luring seed-eaters in by the thousands. A dull, brown (microscopic plants and animals respectively). The tides also spread detritus, a hue overtakes the meadows in winter, as cordgrass dies and falls over, soon to nutrient-rich solution of decomposed marsh grass and animal matter mixed with decompose into detritus, aided by the energetic warmth of spring. Such is the algae, bacteria and fungi. Detritus fertilizes the marsh by fixing nitrogen in the dynamic nature of the salt marsh - a rich, cyclical system, whose beauty and mud, nourishing both plants and animals. Animals which feed directly on complexity continue to intrigue residents and visitors to the South Carolina coast. 117 BEAUFORT COUNTY 9$'o Facilities ~ ~ ~~~. ~~ COMBAHEE BOAT LANDING ( WIMBEE BOAT LANDING ( PAIGE POINT BOAT LANDING0 GRAYS HILL BOAT LANDING00 SEA ISLAND MARINE0 00 0 0000 0 BEAUFORT COUNTY DEPT. OF PUBLIC WORKS Beaufort River Fishing Platform Bermuda Bluff Boat Landing0 Brickyard Creek Boat Landing0 Broad Creek Landing0 Buckingham Landing0 Butch's Island Boat Landing00 C.C. Haigh Jr. Boat Landing 00 0 Capers Boat Landing0 Chowan Creek Fishing Platform Dautuekie Island Dock and Float0 000 Eddings Point Landing00 Fort Frederick Boat Landing0 Freedom Mail Boat Landing0 000 0 0 Harbor River Fishing Platform Jenkins Island Dock & Float0 Johnson Creek Boat Landing Johnson Creek Fishing Platform Old House Creek Landing Port Royal Boat Landing 00 Russ Point Boat Landing0 Sums Point Boat Landing0 Skull Creek Landing Station Creek Boat Landing0 Wallace Landing0 White Hall Boat Landing00 BEAUFORT COUNTY RECREATION COMM. 118 BEAUFORT COUNTY Facilities 4#&.~ Barker Field Booker T. Washington Community Center 0 '0 Broomfield Park 0 0 0 0 Burton Wells Park 00 0 ( 0 Dale Community Center . 0 Jerico Park (281 Park) 0 0 0 0 0 M.C. Riley Athletic Fields 0 0 May River Park 0 0 0 0 � 0 0 0 Scott Community Center 00 0 0 0 Seabrook Community Center 0 C St. Helena Park a 0 0 0 HENRYC. CHAMBERS WATERFRONT PARK 0 0 0 0 0 0 FACTORY CREEK BOAT LANDING 0 0 BROAD RIVER BOAT LANDING BATTERY CREEK BOAT LANDING 0 0 EDGAR C. GLEN BOAT LANDING 0 0 CITY OF BEAUFORT Bay Street Battery Park 0 Pigeon Point Boat Landing 0 0 Waterfront Park Boat Landing Wilson Park HUNTING ISLANDSTATEPARK 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0' 00 FRIPP ISLAND MARINA PRITCHARDS ISLAND 0 0 VICTORIA BLUFF BOAT LANDING USFWS SAVANNAH COASTAL REFUGES Pinckney Island NWR SKULL CREEK MARINA 0 0 0 0 TOWN OF HILTON HEAD ISLAND Bradley Beach Public Access 0 0 Coligny Beach Access 0 0 Coligny Circle Parking Lot 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 119 BEAUFORT COUNTY f OUTDOOR RESORTS, RV RESORT & YACHT CLUB ( ALL JOY BOAT LANDING0 WINDMILL HARBOUR MARINA 000 0 00000 PALMETTO SAY MARINA 0000 OUTDOOR RESORTS MOTORCOACH RESORT 0 0 0 HARBOUR TOWN YACHT BASIN 00 0 0 0 0 0 SOUTH BEACH MARINA 0 0 E- 00 WHOOPING CRANE POND 0 0 0 WATERFRONT PARK MARINA ( a 0 a 0 0 00 SHELTER COVE MARINA a ) 0 a 00 a0 a 0 0 0 OLD HOUSE MARINA 0 AN UPDATE ON S.C. EROSION: A Statewide Perspective South Carolina's coastline consists of approximately 200 miles of sandy beaches. One-fourth to one-third of this coast is critically eroding, Periodic hurricanes and northeasters and the on-going stress of sea level rise have rendered many of our beaches completely awash at high tide. Erosion has necessitated the armoring of much of our shoreline and the renourishment of some beaches. Severe coastal erosion results from large storms. However, rates of erosion are averaged over a number of years and are based solely on long-term trends rather than one-time catastrophic events. Both long and short-term erosion are measured in the Beach Monitoring Program of the South Carolina Coastal Council. In this program detailed beach surveys are conducted every six months and following any major storm. Any change from the expected erosion rate is detected first by these surveys._________ Approximately 60 miles of our coastline are critically eroding, i.e., at rates -- __ greater than one foot per year. However, many of these beaches are on remote,' - undeveloped shorelines, and the erosion poses no urgent threat to properties. For ________ _______ a better perspective we may consider only developed shorelines. The following ----------_____ ____ table provides a breakdown of the erosional conditions on South Carolina's __________________ developed shoreline. - 120 BEAUFORT COUNTY ~. Environment/Access ~ d~ ~ ' ~ ~ Tbe1 Erosional Conditions on South Carolina's Developed Shoreline (80.4 COMBAHEE BOAT LANDING miles) WIMBEE BOAT LANDING Length of Shoreline Erosional Status % of Total Developed PAIGE POINT BOAT LANDING Shoreline GRAYS HILL BOAT LANDING 22.1 miles accretional 27.5% SEA ISLAND MARINE 0 12.6 miles stable 15.7% BEAUFORT COUNTY DEPT. OF PUBLIC WORKS 20.0 miles erosional 24.9% Beaufort River Fishing Platform (less than 1/yr) 25.7 miles erosional 32.0% Bermuda Bluff Boat Landing (greater than l'/yr) Brickyard Creek Boat Landing Source: Dr. T.W. Kana, 1988, Beach Erosion in South Carolina, Sea Broad Creek Landing G Buckingham Landing G pub.) Batch's Island Boat Landing EROSION RATES CaC. Haigh Jr. Boat Landing Capers Boat Landing South Carolina's beaches are conveniently divided into three sections: Chowan Creek Fishing Platform 0 Northern, Central and Southern beaches. These divisions are based on the Daulaskie lsland Dock sad Float geologic character of the beach, the average erosion rate and the nature of Eddings Point Landing shoreline development. On the Northern beaches of the Myrtle Beach-Grand Strand area, erosion rat es are relatively low due to the geologic stability ofthe area and a lower tide range. The Central beaches, primarily those of Charleston Freedom Mail Boat Landing 8 County, are a transitional zone between the Northern and Southern beaches. Here Harbor River Fishing Platform the erosion rates are influenced by the Charleston Harbor jetties and by sands Jenkins Island Dock & Float 8 eroding from the Santee Delta to the north. The Southern beaches of the low Johnson Creek Boat Landing 0 country are found on short barrier islands, separated by large tidal inlets. Johnson Creek Fishing Platform In a number of areas erosion rates have been documented in "shorefront Old House Creek Landing management studies" sponsored by the South Carolina Coastal Council. Long- Port Royal Boat Landing term erosion rates, describing changes in feet per year, can be determined based Russ Point Boat Landing on surveys dating as far back as 1862. Though these rates give a general idea of the erosion potential, they are not reliable indicators of the present shoreline Skuls PointeBoa Landing conditions. The health and erosional status of a shoreline can be inferred from the average beach width. This is defined as the distance between the +3 feet and Station Creek Boat Landing the +8 feet (MSL) contours or the average beach width at high tide. These Wallace Landing 0 oe vrg it ie hs numbers vary from over 300 feet on healthy beaches to less than 10 feet on some White Hall Bo at Landing armored shorelines. It is important to remember that these numbers are averages, BEAUFORT COUNTY RECREATION COMM. some beaches being healthy in one area and erosional in another. 121 BEAUFORT COUNTY Environment/Access Barker Field Booker T. Washington Community Center NORTHERN BEACHES Broomfield Park Burton Wells Park The Northern Beaches of South Carolina are the great arcuate strand known as Dale Community Center the Grand Strand. The tide range in this area is approximately five feet. This derico Park (281 Park) relatively low tide range produces long, straight beaches and small tidal inlets. The M.C. Riley Athletic Fields primary agent affecting conditions on the Northern Beaches is the breaking of May River Park wind-driven waves. Scott Community Center HISTORIC EROSION RATES Seabrook Community Center Shoreline change maps (NOAA/NOS 1982-3) show very little shoreline migration for Myrtle Beach and areas to the north. Long-term erosion rates, dating from 1872 to 1982, are presented below for the more southern beaches of HENRY C. CHAMBERS WATERFRONT PARK th Grom S trand: the Grand Strand: FACTORY CREEK BOAT LANDING { BROAD RIVER BOAT LANDING Garden City (south end) 4.1 feet per year (1970-1983, 9.6 ft./year) BATTERY CREEK BOAT LANDING BATTERY CREEK BOAT LANDING Debidue Beach 1.5 feet per year EDGAR C. GLEN BOAT LANDING Huntington-Litchfield 2.3 feet per year CITY OF BEAUFORT Pawleys Island 1.6 feet per year Bay Street Battery Park 5 Since 1934, the spit of South Litchfield has grown more than 2,000 feet. Areas Pigeon Point Boat Landing0 Pigeon Point Boat Landing of rapid accretion such as this are not stable and will someday be severely Waterfront Park Boat Landing S impacted by the inevitable storm. Wilson Park RECENT STUDIES HUNTING ISLAND STATE PARK S S The most recent record of erosion rates for the Northern Beaches may be found FRIPP ISLAND MARINA S in several shorefront management studies primarily sponsored by the South PRITCHARDS ISLAND { � � � Carolina Coastal Council. These include the Myrtle Beach Shorefront VICTORIA BLUFF BOAT LANDING a Management Plan (Research Planning Institute, Inc., 1983), North Myrtle Beach USFWS SAVANNAH COASTAL REFUGES Shorefront Management Plan (Coastal Science and Engineering, Inc. 1985), the Pinckney Island NWR { Horry County Shorefront Management Plan (Applied Technology and SKULL CREEK MARINA Management, Inc. and Olsen Associates, Inc., 1987) and the Georgetown County Shorefront Management Plan (Applied Technology and Management, Inc. and TOWN OF HILTON HEAD ISLANDAsoit, Bradley Beach Public Accessociates, Inc., 1987). Coligny Beach Access Erosion rates documented in these studies include an average of 0.5 feet per year in Myrtle Beach and North Myrtle Beach. Rates are somewhat higher to the Coligny Circle Parking Lot S S south with the figure near 4 feet per year near south Garden City. 122 BEAUFORT COUNTY c / Environment /Access / y ' T 3 //;//7/~Y~/~� ~ ~~~ '~/~~ q'~ *~~~~~~"~Table 3: OUTDOORRES ORSHVR+'ESORT&YACHTCL 0/m~ggw 4 Average Rates of Shoreline Change, Central Beaches of South Carolina OUTDOOR RESORTS, RV RESORT & YACHT CLUB I ALL JOY BOAT LANDING per year WINDMILL HARBOUR MARINA Sullivan's Island +8.1 feet per year Morris Island 25 feet per year PALMETTO BAY MARINA Folly Island 6.3 feet per year OUTDOOR RESORTS MOTORCOACH RESORT Kiawah Island +1.6 feet per year HARBOUR TOWN YACHT BASIN * 0 Seabrook Island (variable) +25 to -39 feet per year SOUTH BEACH MARINA a Edisto Beach - north (variable) 2.6 feet per year WHOOPING CRANE POND Edisto Beach - south (variable) +17.5 to 0 feet per year WATERFRONT PARK MARINA RECENT STUDIES SHELTER COVE MARINA 8 A shorefront management report has been developed for both Kiawah and OLD HOUSE MARINA ) Seabrook Islands. Kiawah Island is highly accretional. Seabrook Island's erosional trend has been reversed by the relocation of Captain Sam's Inlet in 1983. A shorefront management study has recently been completed to assess the erosion trends on Edisto Beach. Findings indicate the shoreline here is pivoting around a point near the Edisto Beach State Park. North of this point the shoreline Table 2: is retreating. South of the park the shoreline is stable to accretional. Average Beach Widths for Northern Beaches The South Carolina Coastal Council and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers monitor shoreline changes for the Isle of Palms, Sullivans, Morris and Folly Waites Island 211 feet Huntington Beach State Park 388 feet Islands. Work is still underway to assess the relationship between the harbor N. Myrtle Beach 78 feet Litchfield Beach 98 feet jetties and local erosion trends. Myrtle Beach 89 feet Pawley's Island 73 feet AVERAGE BEACH WIDTHS Myrtle Beach South 77 feet Debidue Island (armored) 10 feet Many beach survey bench marks were destroyed in the 1987 New Year's Day Surfside Beach 89 feet Debidue Island (unarmored) 70 feet storm. As a result the average beach widths could only be calculated for Folly, Garden City (unarmored) 87 feet Kiawah and Seabrook Islands. They are as follows: Average erosion rates of 1-2 feet per year for the Grand Strand are not alarmingly Folly Beach 54 feet high. However, these rates occur on some of the most densely developed Kiawah 130 feet shorelines in South Carolina. Beach renourishment may be the only option to Seabrook (south of Renkin Point) 30 feet reestablish or maintain the public's use of these beaches. Seabrook (north of Renkin Point) 470 feet CENTRAL BEACHES SOUTHERN BEACHES The Central Beaches of South Carolina are those beaches in Charleston County and Edisto Beach. This segment of shoreline is a transitional zone between the The Southern Beaches of South Carolina are located between St. Helena Sound wave-dominated beaches of the Grand Strand and the tide-dominated shores and the Savannah River. The most prominent features of this segment of farther south. Therefore, this area is both wave and tide-dominated. Lying shoreline are the huge tidal inlets of Port Royal and St. Helena Sounds. Some of immediately south of the Santee Delta, the area is characterized by discreet barrier the largest tidal inlets in the world, they result from the exposure of this shoreline islands and well developed marshes which separate these islands from the to a moderately high tidal range of approximately seven feet over geologic times. mainland. Where the tide range is high, tidal inlets and broad marshes dominate, and barrier HISTORIC SHORELINE CHANGES islands are small and discreet. According to the Shoreline Change Maps (NOAA/NOS, 1983) the Central HISTORIC SHORELINE CHANGES Beaches have been stable to moderately erosional with the exception of Morris Shoreline change maps (NOAA/NOS, 1982-3) for the Southern Beaches date and Folly Islands. The following table summarizes the average rates of shoreline from 1860-1862 to 1982. Average rates of change are presented in the following change (plus sign indicates accretion). table. 123 Table 4: BEAUFORT COUNTY Average Rates of Shoreline Change, Southern Beaches of South Carolina Site Descriptions Daufuskie Island 7 feet per year Hilton Head - south +3.1 feet per year Hilton Head - south +3central 8.6 feet per year Wirnbee Boat Landing - ramp in poor condition; located in rural area; fishing Hilton Head - north central +0.4 feet per year pier was an old railroad trestle. Hilton Head - north central +0.4 feet per year Hilton Head - north 2.5 feet per year Paige Point Boat Landing - ramp is in poor condition. Fripp Island - south (variable) 5.9 to -4.9 Grays Hill Boat Landing - ramp in poor condition. Fripp Island - central (variable) +20.0 to -14.3 Fripp Island - north (variable) +8.6 to -2.8 E.C. Glen Boat Landing - small dock to assist boaters. RECENT STUDIES Fripp Island Marina - $8.00 launching fee. A recent study has established erosion rates on Hilton Head Island-Erosion Hunting Island State Park - This 5,000-acre passive recreation state park offers Assessment Study for Hilton Head Island (Kana, et. al., 1986). This study divides abundant wildlife, camping, cabin rentals, and numerous other activities; Paradise the shoreline into four segments - two erosional and two accretional. Fishing Pier, located on Fripp Inlet, offers fishing from approximately Mar. 1 The South Carolina Coastal Council and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers are through Dec.; the pier is operated by the park and has a full service bait and currently conducting a study to update erosion rates for Pritchard's, Fripp, tackle shop; call the pier at 803/838-5455 for more information; boat access is Hunting and Harbor Islands. Average widths for the Southern Beaches are as located nearby at Russ Point Boat Landing; Hunting Island State Park offers 17 follows: boardwalks leading to the beach, two of which are ramped to provide some Harbor Island 168 feet Pritchards Island 148 feet accessibility - a section of soft sand does exist on the beach leading to a Hunting Island 139 feet Hilton Head 129 feet hardened surface which handicapped users should be aware of; fees and dates of Fripp Island 125 feet peak season are subject to change; parking fee for day use at the park is $2.00/car, $12.00/bus, and $15.00/season pass from approximately Apr. Erosion rates are specific to each of South Carolina's beaches. To understand th rough Labor Day seven days a $15.00/season weekends through Sept.; call the the forces that result in these rates we must look to the geologic character of the park at 803/838-2011 for more information. region and the long-term erosion patterns. To plan for the future we must account for the predicted rise in sea level and the periodic large storm. Due to Pritchards Island - this 1000-acre tract is owned by the University of South these factors beach erosion will surely continue. Only intelligent shorefront Carolina and is used for education and research; groups outside the university management will minimize the effect of this erosion on the works of man and the have access to the island by appointment only; individuals should be aware that beaches of South Carolina. access is very limited (by boat only); from May to Aug. volunteers assist with the sea turtle conservation program coordinated by the S.C. Wildlife and Marine Resources' Endangered Species Section. Victoria Bluff Boat Landing - small dock to assist boaters. Pinckney Island National Wildlife Refuge - this 4053-acre refuge includes Corn Island, Big and Little Harry Islands, Buzzard Island, and numerous small hammocks; Pinckney is the largest of the islands and is the only one open to public use; nearly two-thirds of the refuge consists of salt marsh and tidal creeks; marshfront property (not beachfront) is accessible to the public; Pinckney is part of the seven-refuge system comprising the Savannah Coastal Refuge managed by =- ~the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's office in Savannah, Georgia. Town of Hilton Head Island - the Town itself maintains only three public sites with additional accessways as noted; numerous private recreational facilities are available throughout the area for visitors to enjoy golf, tennis and boating by contacting: Dale Augenstein, President, Hilton Head Island Chamber of Commerce, P.O. Drawer 5647, Hilton Head Island, SC 29938, 803/785-3673; listed below are public sites: 124 Coligny Beach Access - offers public access with limited parking; water TOWN OF HILTON HEAD ISLAND bicycle rentals and other beach activities available; this area is also a sea turtle nesting area where the public is prohibited from interferring with nesting ACCESSWAYS SPECIAL FEATURES females, their nests, or their eggs (protection afforded by state and federal regulations); the following beach restrictions apply: no sleeping on beach; no 1. Bradley Beach (pathway) 1. parking; showers glass containers on beach; no unleashed dogs on beach; no motorized vehicles 2. Coligny Beach Access (pathway) 2. parking on beach; no dogs on beaches (May 30 to Labor Day); no nude/partially nude 3. Singleton Beach 3. limited parking; no lifeguards sunbathing; no walking on dunes, no picking of dune vegetation. 4. Burks Beach 4. limited parking; no lifeguards Bradley Beach Access - limited parking available; no unleashed dogs on 5. Folly Field Road 5. limited parking; lifeguards beach; this is also a sea turtle nesting beach where the above restrictions apply; all other beach restrictions listed for Coligny apply here. 6. Beach City Road 6. limited parking; no lifeguards Coligny Circle Parking Lot - located on the south end of Hilton Head; parking is limited to cars and light trucks only (no fee); no glass allowed on beach; no dogs allowed on beach from Memorial Day through Labor Day. Outdoor Resorts, R.V. Resort and Yacht Club - dock fee or R.V. site fee is $18.00/day. Windmill Harbour Marina - Private/residential property not accessible to general public other than to look at real estate; primarily for property owners. Palmetto Bay Marina - a full service marina specializing in repairing boats 20-_ 65 ft. in length; a well stocked marine supply store, fishing supplies and charters - 'I available; two restaurants on site. Outdoor Resorts Motorcoach Resort - entrance fee during peak season is $22.00/site. Harbour Town Yacht Basin - entrance fee $3.00. South Beach Marina - launching fee $4.00. Whooping Crane Pond - Limited access via Hilton Head Plantation Company property gate with permission only; call 681-5291 for information; this is a conservation easement managed by the S.C. Nature Conservancy; boardwalk is closed during nesting season (which may vary). Russ Point Boat Landing - located near Hunting Island State Park. C.C. Haigh Jr. Boat Landing - small dock to assist boaters. Daufuskie Island - public access to the island is restricted (several planned private developments underway) but inquirers may contact the ferry service that runs to the island at: Broad Creek Marina, P.O. Box 1584, Hilton Head, SC 29925. FOR MORE INFORMATION Beaufort County contact: Beaufort County Chamber of Commerce P.O. Box 910 Beaufort, SC 29901 803/524-3163 BEORGIA JASPER COUNTY M NAT. VILDLMFE HlATONAL KONUMEW 126 MANAGEMENT GUIDELINES FOR A HEALTHY, MULTI-USE, BALANCED COASTLINE South Carolina is blessed with nearly 200 miles of sandy beaches. It is desirable to preserve these beaches in their natural state to balance the interests of residents, tourists, preservationists and all citizens who benefit directly or indirectly from the coast. Unfortunately, South Carolina's beaches are a finite resource. As rising world sea levels encroach upon our shores the varied uses of our coastline come into conflict. The results are narrow beaches, eroded properties, greater vulnerability to hurricanes, and diminished wildlife habitats and seafood harvests. The South Carolina General Assembly in 1988 enacted a Comprehensive Beachfront Management bill to regulate these conflicting interests. Multiple interests are best served when beaches are left natural or are restored to a natural, wide condition. This allows access to beach users during all cycles of the tide. Greater sand volumes provide shoreline stability and storm protection for coastal properties. These advantages are vital to a healthy coastal economy. In addition, a wide beach provides living and nesting habitats for coastal wildlife which include several rare or endangered species. (The Loggerhead sea turtle can only nest on wide beaches where no seawalls exist to block access to the dunes.) Finally, wide sandy beaches are places of inherent natural beauty. The South Carolina General Assembly in 1988 approved funds for projects to renourish eroded beaches. Maintaining a wide, healthy beach is the foremost principle to balance conflicting interests along the coast. But how is this achieved? The policies that preserve healthy beaches can be reduced to three simple guidelines: An aerial view of a false crawl", or tracks of a female loggerhead sea turtle who decided 1. Do not mine or alter sand in the beach-dune system. Natural dunes and not to nest on South Island. (Photo by Tom Murphy) S.C.'s coast must balance development beach systems seek a natural equilibrium. To disturb this system with earth- with conservation interests. The public must also have access. moving equipment results in a net loss of sand. Once disturbed the beach- dune system may erode to critical conditions. 2. Combat erosion with soft solutions that work with the natural system. Soft solutions are movable and temporary. Experience shows that hard objects, such as seawalls placed in the active beach zone, work against the natural system and cause a net loss of sand. Soft solutions anticipate the natural system and cause or encourage a build-up of sand. 3. Develop a Setback Policy. This is the most important principle of all. The new Comprehensive Beachfront Management legislation establishes a setback line landward of the baseline at a distance of 40 times the annual erosion rate. The law prohibits vertical erosion control devices and limits habitable structures within the erosion zone to single family homes not exceeding 5,000 square feet. Beaches are formed by the elements of weather and the environment. Coastal erosion is implied by our definition of the beach system. Management policies must be implemented to maintain a healthy beach and to balance the various interests dependent on that beach. Monitoring programs must be implemented to accurately determine the changes in beach dynamics in the long term. To achieve this balance is to preserve our beaches. As we implement beach preservation policies we guarantee the, health of this scenic natural resource for the varied interests of today and those of future generations. 127 V.~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 04 -.m7 4HIL amm:--~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ I 7 3 0 7 I70 v~~~~~~~~~~~~~.DwsnBa adn 2.aTutns Boat Landing -- - - r - 3.~~~~~~~~~ Salverbarg Boat Landing - ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~4. Bolen Hall Boat Landing 128 ' I E - I I I 129 SCALE 1 - Cook's Boat Landing 130 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~2. Tybee National Wildlife Refuge JASPER COUNTY / (1. General Sites OO0 0 DAWSON BOAT LANDING TUTENS BOAT LANDING e SALVERBARG BOAT LANDING 0 | BOLEN HALL BOAT LANDING 0 | COOK'S BOAT LANDING 1 | TYBEE NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE | 0 JASPER COUNTY ~~Q Activities // eg DAWSON BOAT LANDING 0 TUTENS BOAT LANDING SALVERBARG BOAT LANDING BOLEN HALL BOAT LANDING t COOK'S BOAT LANDING 0 TYBEE NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE / /~~~~3 JASPER COUNTY Facilities DAWSON BOAT LANDING 0 0 0 TUTENS BOAT LANDING 0 0 0 SALVERBARG BOAT LANDING BOLEN HALL BOAT LANDING 0 0 0 COOK'S BOAT LANDING 0 0 TYBEE NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE 131 JASPER COUNTY .. Oy Environment/Access DAWSON BOAT LANDING -- TUTENS BOAT LANDING SALVERBARG BOAT LANDING O BOLEN HALL BOAT LANDING 0 COOK'S BOAT LANDING 0 TYBEE NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE 0 7 JASPER COUNTY Site Descriptionsi Dawson Boat Landing - Restrooms in poor condition; small dock to assist boaters. Tutens Boat Landing - Restrooms in very poor condition. Salverbarg Boat Landing - Ramp in poor condition; dirt access road available. Bolen Hall Boat Landing - Restrooms in poor shape; dirt access road available; small pier for fishing in need of repair. Cook's Boat Landing - Dirt/gravel ramp in poor condition; limited parking available. Tybee National Wildlife Refuge - Tybee is one of seven refuges that comprise the Savannah Coastal Refuge administered by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service in Savannah, Ga., In addition to Tybee, Pinckney Island NWR and Savannah NWR are located primarily in Jasper and Beaufort counties. Tybee NWR is a 100- acre refuge where the majority of the site is covered with sand deposited from the Corps of Engineers dredging activities in the Savannah River. At low tide, the shoreline provides habitat for many species of migratory birds and wildlife. Only limited recreational opportunities exist and the Fish and Wildlife Service does not provide transportation to the island. Tybee is located directly opposite Fort Pulaski National Monument in Savannah at the mouth of the Savannah River. Most of the island's high ground is covered with dense, impenetrable vegetation. Heavy traffic in the Savannah River combined with treacherous currents make navigation to the refuge hazardous. The public is permitted on the refuge during daylight hours only. FOR MORE INFORMATION Savannah National Wildlife Refuge - consists of 25,608 acres of freshwater Jasper County contact: marshes, tidal rivers and creeks, and river bottom hardwood swamp. Various Lowcountry and Resort Islands Tourism Commission recreation activities such as hunting, hiking, and wildlife observation are offered; P.O. Box 98 permits to hunt must be obtained from the coastal office of the Fish and Wildlife Yemassee, SC 29945 Service, P.O. Box 8487, Savannah, Ga., 31412, 912/944-4415; the refuge is 803/726-5536 located on U.S. Hwy. 17 eight miles south of Hardeeville. 132 SALTWATER MARINAS IN COASTAL SOUTH CAROLINA * Georgetown Landing Marina Shelter Cove Marina Wild Dunes Yacht Harbor Marlin Quay Marina P.O. Box 1704 P.O. Box 5628 P.O. Box 527 P.O. Box 549 Georgetown, SC 29442 Hilton Head, SC 29928 Isle of Palms, SC 29451 Murrell's Inlet, SC 29576 Contact: Marshall Truluck Contact: Dave Harris Contact: Bill Finch Contact: Grover Cauthen 803/546-1776 803/842-7001 803/886-5100 Wet Slip Marina Wet Slip Marina Wet Slip Marina Wet Slip Marina and Dry Stack Windmill Harbor Marina 161 Harbor Passage Dataw Island Stono Marina Bohicket Marina Hilton Head, SC 29928 P.O. Box 819 2409 Maybank Highway 1880 Andell Bluff Rd. Contact: Kiah O'Brien Beaufort, SC 29901 Johns Island, SC 29455 Johns Island, SC 29455 803/681-9235 Contact: Lori Murdaugh Contact: Ben Foreman Contact: Bill Whitner Wet Slip Marina Wet Slip Marina 803/559-2307 803/768-1280 Wet Slip Marina Wet Slip Marina, Dry Stack Storage P.O Box 30 Hague Marina Daufuskie Island, SC 29915 P.O. Box 835 Ashley Marina Buzzard's Roost Marina Daufuskie Island, SC 29915 Myrtle Beach, SC 29577 33 Lockwood Blvd. 2408 Maybank Highway Wet Sip Marina Contact: George Russ Charleston, SC 29401 John's Island, SC 29455 Edisto Marina 803/293-2141 Contact: Ed Rhodes Contact: Harry Brunson P.O. Box 8 Wet Slip Marina and Boat Yard 803/772-1996 803/559-5516 Edisto Beach, SC 29438 Wet Slip Marina Wet Slip Marina Contact: Mike Altine Skull Creek Marina Harbour Town Yacht Basina P.O. Box 2047 Lighthouse Rd. Belle Isle Marina Coquina Harbor Hilton Head, SC 29925 Hilton Head Island, SC 29928 P.O. Box 796 P.O. Box 4068 Contact: Bob Dolce Contact: Herb Hucks Georgetown, SC 29440 N. Myrtle Beach, SC 29597 Wet Slip Marina 803/671-2704 Contact: Bob Dalzell Contact: Hank Beuke Jr. 803/681-4234 Wet Slip Marina 803/546-8491 803/249-5376 Botany Bay Marina Broad Creek Marina Wet Slip Marina Wet Slip Marina Box 293 P.O. Box 5184 Exxon Marina Patriots Point Marina Wadmalaw Island, SC 29487 Hilton Head, SC 29925 18 S. James St. P.O. Box 1426 Contact: David Browder Contact: William Scurry Georgetown, SC 29440 Charleston, SC 29402 803/559-0741 Wet Slip Marina 803/546-4370 803/881-3770 Wet Slip Marina, Boat Yard Palmetto Shores Wet Slip Marina Wet Slip Marina Battery Marina Village P.O. Box 3063 Toler's Cove Marina Wexford Plantation Marina P.O. Box 555 N. Myrtle Beach, SC 29582 1610 Highway 703 P.O. Box 4100 Port Royal, SC 29935-0555 Contact: Sue Watson Mt. Pleasant, SC 29464 Hilton Head, SC 29938 Contact: R.L. Franz Wet Slip Marina Contact: David Huff Contact: Ron Vernicek Wet Slip Marina George M. Lockwood 803/881-0325 Wet Slip Marina Darby Marine and Supply Muni cipal Marina Wet Slip Marina Wacca Wachee Marina P.O. Box 188 17 Lockwood Blvd. Sea Island Marine P.O. Box 570 Mt. Pleasant, SC 29464 Charleston, SC 29401 1105 Rogers St. Murrell's Inlet, SC 29576 Contact: Robert Utsey Contact: George Aull Beaufort, SC 29902 Contact: Mike Conner 803/884-8541 803/577-6970, ext. 440 Contact: Bobby Cooler 803/651-7171/651-2994 Boat Yard Wet Slip Marina Wet Slip Marina Wet Slip Marina 133 Harbor Gate Marina Village Cast-A-Way Texaco Marina Port Royal Landing Marina Conway Municipal Marina P.O. Box 3197 101 Palm Blvd. P.O. Drawer 1257 N. Myrtle Beach, SC 29582 Isle of Palms, SC 29451 Contact: Darby ebert Contact:Mike BurchnellBeaufort, SC 29901 CnaS 92 Contact: Darby Hebert Contact: Mike Burchnell Contact: Rick Griffin Downtown Marina of Beaufort 803/249-8888 803/886-4396 803/525-6664 1010 Bay St. Schilling Boat House Wet Slip Marina Wet Slip Marina Beaufort, SC 29902 3 Cardinal Court Little River Marina 803/524-4422 Hilton Head, SC 29928 P.O. Box 365 Town Creek Boat Yard Wet Slip Marina Contact: Bob Henry Little River, SC 29566 360 Concord St. Hazzard's Marina Dry Stack Marina, Wet Slip Marina Contact: Bill Becker Charleston, SC 29401 Georgetown, SC 29440 Wet Slip Marina 803/723-7829/722-8447 803/546-6604 Naval Station Marina F I Boat Yard Boat Yard and Wet Slip Marina Bldg. 180, Naval Station Frita Inland Marina Charleston, SC 29408-5000 875 Bonita Gulf Auto Marina Inlet Port Marina Contact: S. Scott Kennedy Fripp Island, Frogmore, SC 29920 525 Front St. Murrell's Inlet, SC 29576 ContatS. Slip Kernnad Contact: Marion Goodyear52FrnSt Wet Slip Marina W e tact: Marin a Georgetown, SC 29440 Leland Marine Services, Inc. Contact: David Rowe P.O. Box 357 Palmetto Bay Marine Center South Beach Marina 803-546-4250 McClellanville, SC 29458 164 Palmetto Bay 232 S. Sea Pines Dr. Wet Slip Marina 803/887-3641 Hilton Head, SC 29928 Hilton Head Island, SC 29928 Contact: Dick Wagener Contact: Ned Gilleland Vereen's Marina 803/785-3910 Wet Slip Marina P.O. Box 70 Little River Plantation Marina Wet Slip Marina & Boat Yard N. Myrtle Beach, SC 29582 P.O. Box 365 Cap.O. Bx 36 Contact: Wyndal Vereens Little River, SC 29566 Shem Creek Marina 803/249-4333 803/249-5294/249-4735 526 Mill St. Murrell's Inlet, SC 29576 Wet Slip Marina Wet Slip Marina Mt. Pleasant, SC 29464 Contact: Tom Swatzell Contact: Lyle Finnell Wet Slip Marina Belle Marina Marsh Harbor Marina 803/884-3211 Anchor Marina Little River, SC 29566 Beaufort, SC 29902 Dry Stack Storage, Wet Slip Marina Murrell's Inlet, SC 29576 Contact: Chris Barry Wet Slip Marina Lady's Island Marina 803/524-4797 Duncan's Boat Harbor North Myrtle Beach Marina Lady's Island, SC 29902 Wet Slip, Dry Storage, Boat Yard 1997 Bridge View Dr. Rt. 1, Box 484 Wet Slip Marina Charleston Heights, SC 29405 Hwy. 90 Outdoor Resorts Marina and RV Contact: Ed Duncan N. Myrtle Beach, SC 29582 Bucksport Plantation Marina Hilton Head Island, SC 29928 803/744-2628 Contact: John Wilkins Rt. 1, Box 38 803/681-3241 Dry Stack Storage 803/249-1222 Bucksport, SC 29527 Wet Slip Marina Atkins Boat Landing Wet Slip Marina Contact: D.L. Weaver Briarcliffe RV Resort and Yacht Club Rt. 7, Box 1A North Side Marina 803/397-5566 10495 Kings Hwy. Dry Stack Storger, SC 29461P.O.Box 295Wet Slip Marina Myrtle Beach, SC 29577 Contact: M.L. Atkins N. Myrtle Beach, SC 29582 Cedar Hill Landing Marina 803/272-4332 803/761-8428 Wet Slip Marina Murrell's Inlet, SC 29576 Wet Slip Marina Fish Camp, Boat Landing Northbridge Marina L Information provided by the S.C. Marine Association 2079 Austin Ave. Charleston, SC 803/744-2562 134 COMMERCIAL CAMPGROUNDS IN PROJECT STUDY AREA (Members of S.C. Campground Owner's Association - SCCOA) Outdoor Resorts - Motorcoach Resort 19 Arrow Road Apache Family Campground P.O. Box 4721 9700 Kings Road Hilton Head Island, SC 29938 Myrtle Beach, SC 29577 803/785-7699 803/449-3357 or 7323 Outdoor Resorts - RV Resort and Yacht Club Lakewood Camping Resort Box 1585 5901 Bus. Hwy. 17 South Hilton Head Island, SC 29925 Myrtle Beach, SC 29577 803/681-3256 (in SC) 803/238-5161 800/845-9560 (outside SC) 800/258-8309 Pelican Cove RV Resort Myrtle Beach KOA Campground Box 299 5th Ave. South Folly Beach, SC 29439 Myrtle Beach, SC 29577 803/588-2072 803/448-3421 Pebble Beach Family Campground Sherwood Forest KOA Campground 3000 South Ocean Blvd. P.O. Box 2116 Myrtle Beach, SC 29577 N. Myrtle Beach, SC 29598 803/238-2830 803/272-6420 Pirateland Family Campground Myrtle Beach RV Resort 5401 Hwy. 17 South P.O. Drawer 389 Myrtle Beach, SC 29577 N. Myrtle Beach, SC 29597 803/238-5155 803/249-1484 800/868-MBRV Other Campgrounds in Project Study Area (not members of SCCOIA) Myrtle Beach Travel Park 9916 Kings Road Briarcliffe RV Resort and Yacht Club Myrtle Beach, SC 29577 Myrtle Beach, SC 29577 803/449-3714 Springmaid Beach Campground Ocean Lakes Family Campground Myrtle Beach, SC 29577 6001 South Kings Hwy. Myrtle Beach, SC 29577 800/922-7613 (in SC) 800/722-1451 (outside (SC) 135 COASTAL ACCESS SURVEY SITES/RESPONDENTS Belle Isle Marina South Island Ferry Boat Ramp HORRY COUNTY Georgetown County Parks and Recreation Department Horry County Government Tom Yawkey Wildlife Center Palmetto Shores Marina Pole Yard Boat Landing AIWW Boat Ramp CHARLESTON COUNTY North Myrtle Beach Boat Ramp Santee Coastal Reserve HarbourGate Marina Village Cape Romain National Wildlife Refuge Cherry Grove Fishing Pier McClellanville Boat Landing City of North Myrtle Beach Buck Hall Recreation Area City of North Myrtle Beach Parks and Recreation Department Buck Hall Landing Holiday Inn Fishing Pier Moore's Boat Landing Town of Atlantic Beach Caper's Island Sherwood Forest KOA Paradise Island Boat Landing Myrtle Beach Travel Park Gadsenville Boat Landing Apache Family Campground, Inc. Wild Dunes Yacht Harbor Myrtle Beach Recreation Department Detco Boat Landing City of Myrtle Beach Isle of Palms Recreation Department Pier 14 Restaurant and Lounge Isle of Palms Boat Landing Pavilion at Myrtle Beach City of Isle of Palms 2nd Ave. Fishing Pier and Restaurant Town of Sullivan's Island Myrtle Beach KOA Yacht Club, Toler's Cove Marina Downwind Sails Old Pitt Street Bridge Springmaid Fishing Pier Shem Creek Boat Landing Pebble Beach Family Campground Shem Creek Marina Myrtle Beach State Park National Park Service Pirateland Campground Remley's Point Boat Landing Lakewood Camping Resort Fort Sumter Tours Ocean Lakes Family Campground Naval Station Marina City of Surfside Beach Filbin Creek Boat Landing City of Surfside Beach Recreation Department Marine Resources Center, James Island Surfside Fishing Pier, Inc. City of Charleston S.C. Nature Conservancy City of Charleston Departments of Parks and Recreation Kingfisher Pier and Arcade Northbridge Marina GEORGETOWN COUNTY Ashley Marina Wacca Wache Marina Wappoo Cut Boat Landing Murrell's Inlet Boat Ramp County Farm Boat Landing Cedar Hill Boat Landing Wando Woods Boat Landing Marlin Quay Marina Pier Point Boat Landing Brookgreen Gardens City of Folly Beach Huntington Beach State Park Folly Island Boat Landing Pawley's Island North, Middle, and South Boat Ramps Pelican Cove RV Resort Georgetown Landing Marina Stono Marina, Inc. City of Georgetown Charleston County Park and Recreation Commission Gulf Auto Marina Battery Island Boat Landing Recreation Department Boat Ramp John P. Limehouse Boat Landing Town of Pawley's Island Bulow Boat Landing Hobcaw Barony Bohicket Marina Village and Yacht Charters 136 Cherry Point Boat Landing JASPER COUNTY Toogoodoo Boat Landing Dawson Boat Landing Steamboat Boat Landing Tutens Boat Landing Dawhoo Boat Landing Salverbarg Boat Landing Penny Creek Boat Landing Bolen Hall Boat Landing Willtown Bluff Boat Landing Cook's Boat Landing COLLETON COUNTY Tybee National Wildlife Refuge West Bank Boat Landing Chehaw Boat Landing Fields Point Boat Landing Brickyard Ferry Boat Landing Bennett's Point Boat Landing Edisto Beach State Park ADDITIONAL PUBLICATIONS: Live Oak Boat Landing Live Oak Boat Landing To further enhance your coastal experience, contact the S.C. Marine Flowers Seafood Boat Landing Resources Division for these publications and price updates: "A Guide To Saltwater Recreational Fisheries in South Carolina" BEAUFORT COUNTY Combahee Boat Landing "An Angler's Guide to South Carolina Sharks" Wimbee Boat Landing "A Recreational Guide to Oystering, Clamming, Shrimping, and Crabbing in Paige Point Boat Landing South Carolina" Grays Hill Boat Landing Write or call: S.C. Marine Resources Division, SCWMR, P.O. Box 12559, Seaufort Island Marine of Public Works Charleston, SC 29412; Attn: Recreational Fisheries, 803/795-6350 Beaufort County Department of Public Works Beaufort County Recreation Commission Henry C. Chambers Waterfront Park Factory Creek Boat Landing Broad River Boat Landing Battery Creek Boat Landing Edgar C. Glen Boat Landing City of Beaufort Hunting Island State Park Fripp Island Marina Pritchards Island Victoria Bluff Boat Landing Pinckney Island National Wildlife Refuge Skull Creek Marina Town of Hilton Head Outdoor Resorts, RV Resort and Yacht Club All Joy Boat Landing Windmill Harbour Marina Palmetto Bay Marina Outdoor Resorts Motorcoach Resort Harbour Town Yacht Basin South Beach Marina Waterfront Park Marina Shelter Cove Marina Old House Marina 137