[House Report 119-34]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]


119th Congress }                                          { REPORT 
                        HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
 1st Session   }                                          { 119-34

======================================================================
 
                   PLAIN LANGUAGE IN CONTRACTING ACT

                                _______
                                

 March 24, 2025.--Committed to the Committee of the Whole House on the 
              State of the Union and ordered to be printed

                                _______
                                

Mr. Williams of Texas, from the Committee on Small Business, submitted 
                             the following

                              R E P O R T

                             together with

                             MINORITY VIEWS

                        [To accompany H.R. 787]

    The Committee on Small Business, to whom was referred the 
bill (H.R. 787) to require plain language and the inclusion of 
key words in covered notices that are clear, concise, and 
accessible to small business concerns, and for other purposes, 
having considered the same, reports favorably thereon with an 
amendment and recommends that the bill as amended do pass.

                                CONTENTS

                                                                   Page
   I. Purpose and Bill Summary........................................2
  II. Need for Legislation............................................2
 III. Hearings........................................................2
  IV. Committee Consideration.........................................3
   V. Committee Votes.................................................3
  VI. Section-by-Section of H.R. 787..................................5
 VII. Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate.......................5
VIII. New Budget Authority, Entitlement Authority, and Tax Expenditure5
  IX. Oversight Findings & Recommendations............................5
   X. Performance Goals and Objectives................................5
  XI. Statement of Duplication of Federal Programs....................6
 XII. Congressional Earmarks, Limited Tax Benefits, and Limited Tariff 
      Benefits........................................................6
XIII. Federal Mandates Statement......................................6
 XIV. Federal Advisory Committee Statement............................6
  XV. Applicability to Legislative Branch.............................6
 XVI. Statement of Constitutional Authority...........................6
XVII. Minority Views..................................................7

    The amendment is as follows:
    Strike all after the enacting clause and insert the 
following:

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

  This Act may be cited as the ``Plain Language in Contracting Act''.

SEC. 2. ACCESSIBILITY AND CLARITY IN COVERED NOTICES FOR SMALL BUSINESS 
                    CONCERNS.

  (a) In General.--Each covered notice shall be written in a manner--
          (1) such that a small business concern can easily understand 
        the intent of the covered notice; and
          (2) that--
                  (A) is clear, concise, and well-organized; and
                  (B) to the maximum extent practicable, follows other 
                best practices appropriate to the subject or field of 
                the covered notice and the intended audience of the 
                covered notice.
  (b) Inclusion of Key Words in Covered Notices.--Each covered notice 
shall, to the maximum extent practicable, include key words in the 
description of the covered notice such that a small business concern 
seeking contract opportunities using the single Government-wide point 
of entry described under section 1708 of title 41, United States Code, 
can easily identify and understand such covered notice.
  (c) Rulemaking.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Administrator of the Small Business 
Administration shall issue rules to carry out this section.
  (d) Definitions.--In this section:
          (1) Covered notice.--The term ``covered notice'' means a 
        notice pertaining to small business concerns published by a 
        Federal agency on the single Government-wide point of entry 
        described under section 1708 of title 41, United States Code.
          (2) Small business act definitions.--The terms ``Federal 
        agency'' and ``small business concern'' have the meanings given 
        those terms, respectively, in section 3 of the Small Business 
        Act (15 U.S.C. 632).

SEC. 3. COMPLIANCE WITH CUTGO.

  No additional amounts are authorized to be appropriated to carry out 
this Act or the amendments made by this Act.

                      I. PURPOSE AND BILL SUMMARY

    On January 28, 2025, Rep. LaLota, along with Rep. Tran and 
Rep. Thanedar, introduced H.R. 787, the Plain Language in 
Contracting Act. H.R. 787 requires federal agencies to write 
contract solicitations in a clear and concise manner, to the 
maximum extent practicable.

                        II. NEED FOR LEGISLATION

    The number of small businesses engaged in federal 
contracting has dropped precipitously over the past ten years. 
This is, in part, driven by the complexity of the language in 
federal contracts. The complexity of these contracts often 
discourages many businesses from competing for a federal 
government contract.
    Small businesses are typically experts in their chosen 
fields, not in the law or federal contracting. Overly 
burdensome contracts require many small firms to hire attorneys 
and contract specialists to ensure compliance with agreements 
terms. This serves as a massive barrier to small business 
participation in government contracting. Ensuring contracts are 
written in an understandable manner will expand contracting 
opportunities to more small businesses.

                             III. HEARINGS

    On February 5, 2025, the Committee on Small Business held a 
hearing examining matters related to H.R. 787 titled ``Hope on 
the Horizon: Prioritizing Small Business Growth in the 119th 
Congress.''

                      IV. COMMITTEE CONSIDERATION

    The Committee on Small Business met in open session, with a 
quorum being present, on March 5, 2025, and ordered H.R. 787, 
as amended, to be reported favorably to the House of 
Representatives. During the markup the Committee adopted an 
amendment in the nature of a substitute offered by 
Representative LaLota by voice vote.

                           V. COMMITTEE VOTES

    Clause 3(b) of rule XIII of the Rules of the House of 
Representatives requires the Committee to list the recorded 
votes on the motion to report legislation and amendments 
thereto. The Committee voted to favorably report H.R. 787, as 
amended, to the House of Representatives at 11:45 AM.


                   VI. SECTION-BY-SECTION OF H.R. 787

Section 1--Short title

    This act may be cited as the ``Plain Language in 
Contracting Act''.

Section 2--Accessibility and clarity in covered notices for small 
        business concerns

    This section requires that covered notices in government 
contracting are written in a clear, concise, and accessible 
way, and to the extent practicable consistent with Federal 
plain language guidelines.
    In each covered notice, keywords will be required in the 
description to make it easier and quicker to identify what the 
notice is about. The SBA must develop rules to implement this 
law within 90 days.

             VII. CONGRESSIONAL BUDGET OFFICE COST ESTIMATE

    Pursuant to 3(c)(3) of rule XIII of the Rules of the House 
of Representatives, the Committee adopts as its own the cost 
estimate prepared by the Director of the Congressional Budget 
Office pursuant to section 402 of the Congressional Budget Act 
of 1974. The Committee has requested but not received from the 
Director of the Congressional Budget Office a cost estimate for 
the Committee's provisions.

           VIII. NEW BUDGET AUTHORITY, ENTITLEMENT AUTHORITY,
                          AND TAX EXPENDITURES

    Pursuant to clause 3(c)(2) of rule XIII of the Rules of the 
House of Representatives and section 308(a)(I) of the 
Congressional Budget Act of 1974, the Committee provides the 
following opinion and estimate with respect to new budget 
authority, entitlement authority, and tax expenditures. While 
the Committee has not received an estimate of new budget 
authority contained in the cost estimate prepared by the 
Director of the Congressional Budget Office pursuant to Sec. 
402 of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974, the Committee does 
not believe that there will be any additional costs 
attributable to this legislation. H.R. 787 does not direct new 
spending, but instead reallocates funding independently 
authorized and appropriated.

                IX. OVERSIGHT FINDINGS & RECOMMENDATIONS

    In accordance with clause 3(c)(1) of rule XIII and clause 
2(b)(1) of rule X of the Rules of the House of Representatives, 
the oversight findings and recommendations of the Committee on 
Small Business with respect to the subject matter contained in 
the H.R. 787 are incorporated into the descriptive portions of 
this report.

                  X. PERFORMANCE GOALS AND OBJECTIVES

    With respect to the requirements of clause 3(c)(4) of rule 
XIII of the Rules of the House of Representatives, there are no 
performance goals and objectives of H.R. 787 applicable.

            XI. STATEMENT OF DUPLICATION OF FEDERAL PROGRAMS

    Pursuant to clause 3(c)(5) of rule XIII of the Rules of the 
House of Representatives, no provision of H.R. 787 is known to 
be duplicative of another Federal program, including any 
program that was included in a report to Congress pursuant to 
section 21 of Public Law 111-139 or the most recent Catalog of 
Federal Domestic Assistance.

           XII. CONGRESSIONAL EARMARKS, LIMITED TAX BENEFITS,
                      AND LIMITED TARIFF BENEFITS

    With respect to clause 9 of rule XXI of the Rules of the 
House of Representatives, the Committee finds that the bill 
does not contain any congressional earmarks, limited tax 
benefits, or limited tariff benefits as defined in clause 9(e), 
9(f), or 9(g) of rule XXI of the Rules of the House of 
Representatives.

                    XIII. FEDERAL MANDATES STATEMENT

    The Committee adopts as its own the estimate of Federal 
mandates prepared by the Director of the Congressional Budget 
Office pursuant to section 423 of the Unfunded Mandates Reform 
Act.

               XIV. FEDERAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE STATEMENT

    No advisory committees within the meaning of section 5(b) 
of the Federal Advisory Committee Act were created by this 
legislation.

                XV. APPLICABILITY TO LEGISLATIVE BRANCH

    The Committee finds that the legislation does not relate to 
the terms and conditions of employment or access to public 
services or accommodations within the meaning of section 
102(b)(3) of the Congressional Accountability Act.

               XVI. STATEMENT OF CONSTITUTIONAL AUTHORITY

    Pursuant to clause 7 of rule XII of the Rules of the House, 
the Committee finds that the authority for this legislation in 
Art. I, Sec. 8, cl.1 of the Constitution of the United States.

                          XVII. MINORITY VIEWS

    The Small Business Administration (SBA) is tasked with 
ensuring that small businesses are awarded a ``fair proportion 
of the total purchases and contracts for goods and services of 
the Government in each industry category . . . .'' In 
accordance with this mandate, Congress has imposed a 
governmentwide goal of awarding at least 23% of all small 
business eligible Federal prime contracting dollars to small 
businesses. SBA's FY23 scorecard showed that the federal 
government awarded 28.4% of federal contract dollars to small 
businesses, a total of $178 billion.\1\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \1\Press Release, U.S. Small Bus. Admin., Biden-Harris 
Administration Awards Record-Breaking $178 Billion in Federal 
Procurement Opportunities to Small Businesses (Apr. 29, 2024), https://
www.sba.gov/article/2024/04/29/biden-harris-administration-awards-
record-breaking-178-billion-federal-procurement-opportunities.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    At the same time that the amount of prime contract dollars 
awarded to small businesses has reached record highs, the 
number of small businesses in the industrial base has declined 
dramatically. The federal government has documented a roughly 
40% decrease in the number of small businesses receiving prime 
contract awards over the past decade. The data show that the 
federal government is not retaining current small business 
government contractors, and new small businesses are not 
choosing to enter the federal market.
    Current procedures around small business procurements 
require federal agencies to conduct market research, request 
proposals, and issue solicitations by posting notices on the 
government's SAM.gov website. These documents identify what the 
agency intends to buy, the procedures they will use to buy it, 
and their deadlines. Interested companies then submit 
proposals, bids and other information in response.
    Many stakeholders raise concerns about the complexity of 
the requirements for contracting with the government, 
especially for small businesses seeking a federal contract for 
the first time. This complexity can be compounded by the 
language used in contracting documents, which may be unfamiliar 
to a small business with no previous government work. The 
government-unique processes and wording can differ from 
commercial practices in a way that may discourage companies 
from doing work with the government.

                                        Nydia M. Velazquez,
                                                    Ranking Member.

                                  [all]