[House Report 119-283]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]


119th Congress }                                              { Report
                        HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
 1st Session   }                                              { 119-283

=======================================================================



 
                      GREAT LAKES FISHERY RESEARCH
                          REAUTHORIZATION ACT

                           ----------------
                                
 September 15, 2025.--Committed to the Committee of the Whole House on 
            the State of the Union and ordered to be printed

                           ----------------
                                
          Mr. Westerman, from the Committee on Natural Resources,
                         submitted the following


                              R E P O R T

                        [To accompany H.R. 1809]

      [Including cost estimate of the Congressional Budget Office]

    The Committee on Natural Resources, to whom was referred 
the bill (H.R. 1809) to reauthorize funding to monitor, assess, 
and research the Great Lakes Basin, having considered the same, 
reports favorably thereon without amendment and recommends that 
the bill do pass.

                       Purpose of the Legislation

    The purpose of H.R. 1809 is to reauthorize funding to 
monitor, assess, and research the Great Lakes Basin.

                  Background and Need for Legislation

    H.R. 1809 reauthorizes the Great Lakes Fishery Research 
Program (Program). Established in 2019, the Program allows the 
U.S. Geological Survey to conduct ``monitoring, assessment, 
science, and research, in support of the binational fisheries 
within the Great Lakes Basin.''\1\ In creating the Program, 
Congress found that fisheries management and research requires 
sound science and new technologies to support the diverse 
ecosystem and economic engine of the Great Lakes.\2\ To inform 
fisheries managers, the Program conducts research and 
investigations on various topics, including fish movement and 
behavior, deepwater ecosystem science, fish habitat, invasive 
species science, and leveraging existing and new technology, 
vessels, and scientific tools.\3\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \1\16 U.S.C. 941h(c)(1).
    \2\16 U.S.C. 941h(b).
    \3\16 U.S.C. 941(h)(c)(3).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    The Program is authorized through Fiscal Year (FY) 2025 at 
$15 million per year. H.R. 1809 would extend the authorization 
for another five years, until FY 2030, at existing funding 
levels.

                            Committee Action

    H.R. 1809 was introduced on March 3, 2025, by 
Representative Mike Quigley (D-IL). The bill was referred to 
the Committee on Natural Resources and within the Committee to 
the Subcommittee on Water, Wildlife and Fisheries. On April 8, 
2025, the Subcommittee on Water, Wildlife and Fisheries held a 
hearing on the bill. On July 15, 2025, the Committee on Natural 
Resources met to consider the bill. The Subcommittee on Water, 
Wildlife and Fisheries was discharged from further 
consideration of H.R. 1809 by unanimous consent. The bill was 
ordered favorably reported to the House of Representatives by 
unanimous consent.

                                Hearings

    For the purposes of clause 3(c)(6) of House rule XIII, the 
following hearing was used to develop or consider this measure: 
hearing by the Subcommittee on Water, Wildlife and Fisheries 
held on April 8, 2025.

                      Section-by-Section Analysis


Section 1. Short title

    Section 1 establishes the short title of this act as the 
``Great Lakes Fishery Research Reauthorization Act.''

Section 2. Reauthorization of funding to monitor, assess, and research 
        Great Lakes Basin

    Section 2 reauthorizes funding to monitor, assess, and 
research the Great Lakes Basin through FY 2030 at existing 
funding levels.

            Committee Oversight Findings and Recommendations

    Regarding clause 2(b)(1) of rule X and clause 3(c)(1) of 
rule XIII of the Rules of the House of Representatives, the 
Committee on Natural Resources' oversight findings and 
recommendations are reflected in the body of this report.

                  Compliance With House Rule XIII and
                        Congressional Budget Act

    1. Cost of Legislation and the Congressional Budget Act. 
With respect to the requirements of clause 3(c)(2) and (3) of 
rule XIII of the Rules of the House of Representatives and 
sections 308(a) and 402 of the Congressional Budget Act of 
1974, the Committee has received the following estimate for the 
bill from the Director of the Congressional Budget Office:

[GRAPHIC(S) NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT]


    H.R. 1809 would reauthorize the appropriation of $15 
million each year from 2026 through 2030 for the U.S. 
Geological Survey to monitor, assess, and research activities 
in support of the binational fisheries within the Great Lakes 
Basin. Under current law, that authority expires at the end of 
2025. In 2024, the Congress provided $15 million for those 
activities.
    CBO assumes that the bill will be enacted near the end of 
2025 and that the specified amounts will be provided in each 
year. Based on historical spending patterns for similar 
activities, CBO estimates that implementing the bill would cost 
$70 million over the 2025-2030 period and $5 million after 
2030.
    The costs of the legislation, detailed in Table 1, fall 
within budget function 300 (natural resources and environment).

                      TABLE 1.--ESTIMATED SPENDING SUBJECT TO APPROPRIATION UNDER H.R. 1809
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                           By fiscal year, millions of dollars--
                                          ----------------------------------------------------------------------
                                             2025      2026      2027      2028      2029      2030    2025-2030
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Authorization............................         0        15        15        15        15        15         75
Estimated Outlays........................         0        11        14        15        15        15         70
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The CBO staff contact for this estimate is Emilia Oliva. 
The estimate was reviewed by H. Samuel Papenfuss, Deputy 
Director of Budget Analysis.
                                         Phillip L. Swagel,
                             Director, Congressional Budget Office.

    2. General Performance Goals and Objectives. As required by 
clause 3(c)(4) of rule XIII, the general performance goal or 
objective of this bill is to reauthorize funding to monitor, 
assess, and research the Great Lakes Basin.

                           Earmark Statement

    This bill does not contain any Congressional earmarks, 
limited tax benefits, or limited tariff benefits as defined 
under clause 9(e), 9(f), and 9(g) of rule XXI of the Rules of 
the House of Representatives.

                 Unfunded Mandates Reform Act Statement

    According to the Congressional Budget Office, H.R. 1809 
contains no unfunded mandates as defined by the Unfunded 
Mandates Reform Act.

                           Existing Programs

    Directed Rule Making. This bill does not contain any 
directed rule makings.
    Duplication of Existing Programs. This bill does not 
establish or reauthorize a program of the Federal government 
known to be duplicative of another program. Such program was 
not included in any report from the Government Accountability 
Office to Congress pursuant to section 21 of Public Law 111-139 
or identified in the most recent Catalog of Federal Domestic 
Assistance published pursuant to the Federal Program 
Information Act (Public Law 95-220, as amended by Public Law 
98-169) as relating to other programs.

                  Applicability to Legislative Branch

    The Committee finds that the legislation does not relate to 
the terms and conditions of employment or access to public 
services or accommodations within the meaning of section 
102(b)(3) of the Congressional Accountability Act.

                Preemption of State, Local or Tribal Law

    Any preemptive effect of this bill over state, local, or 
tribal law is intended to be consistent with the bill's 
purposes and text and the Supremacy Clause of Article VI of the 
U.S. Constitution.

         Changes in Existing Law Made by the Bill, as Reported

    In compliance with clause 3(e) of rule XIII of the Rules of 
the House of Representatives, changes in existing law made by 
the bill, as reported, are shown as follows (existing law 
proposed to be omitted is enclosed in black brackets, new 
matter is printed in italics, and existing law in which no 
change is proposed is shown in roman):

             FURTHER CONSOLIDATED APPROPRIATIONS ACT, 2020

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                       DIVISION P--OTHER MATTER

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                         TITLE II--GREAT LAKES

SEC. 201. GREAT LAKES MONITORING, ASSESSMENT, SCIENCE, AND RESEARCH.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
          (1) Director.--The term ``Director'' means the 
        Director of the United States Geological Survey.
          (2) Great lakes basin.--The term ``Great Lakes 
        Basin'' means the air, land, water, and living 
        organisms in the United States within the drainage 
        basin of the Saint Lawrence River at and upstream from 
        the point at which such river and the Great Lakes 
        become the international boundary between Canada and 
        the United States.
    (b) Findings.--Congress finds the following:
          (1) The Great Lakes support a diverse ecosystem, on 
        which the vibrant and economically valuable Great Lakes 
        fisheries depend.
          (2) To continue successful fisheries management and 
        coordination, as has occurred since signing of the 
        Convention on Great Lakes Fisheries between the United 
        States and Canada on September 10, 1954, management of 
        the ecosystem and its fisheries require sound, reliable 
        science, and the use of modern scientific technologies.
          (3) Fisheries research is necessary to support multi-
        jurisdictional fishery management decisions and actions 
        regarding recreational and sport fishing, commercial 
        fisheries, tribal harvest, allocation decisions, and 
        fish stocking activities.
          (4) President Richard Nixon submitted, and the 
        Congress approved, Reorganization Plan No. 4 (84 Stat. 
        2090), conferring science activities and management of 
        marine fisheries to the National Oceanic and 
        Atmospheric Administration.
          (5) Reorganization Plan No. 4 expressly excluded 
        fishery research activities within the Great Lakes from 
        the transfer, retaining management and scientific 
        research duties within the already-established 
        jurisdictions under the 1954 Convention on Great Lakes 
        Fisheries, including those of the Great Lakes Fishery 
        Commission and the Department of the Interior.
    (c) Monitoring, Assessment, Science, and Research.--
          (1) In general.--The Director may conduct monitoring, 
        assessment, science, and research, in support of the 
        binational fisheries within the Great Lakes Basin.
          (2) Specific authorities.--The Director shall, under 
        paragraph (1)--
                  (A) execute a comprehensive, multi-lake, 
                freshwater fisheries science program;
                  (B) coordinate with and work cooperatively 
                with regional, State, tribal, and local 
                governments; and
                  (C) consult with other interested entities 
                groups, including academia and relevant 
                Canadian agencies.
          (3) Included research.--To properly serve the needs 
        of fisheries managers, monitoring, assessment, science, 
        and research under this section may include--
                  (A) deepwater ecosystem sciences;
                  (B) biological and food-web components;
                  (C) fish movement and behavior 
                investigations;
                  (D) fish population structures;
                  (E) fish habitat investigations;
                  (F) invasive species science;
                  (G) use of existing, new, and experimental 
                biological assessment tools, equipment, 
                vessels, other scientific instrumentation and 
                laboratory capabilities necessary to support 
                fishery management decisions; and
                  (H) studies to assess impacts on Great Lakes 
                Fishery resources.
          (4) Savings clause.--Nothing in this section is 
        intended or shall be construed to impede, supersede, or 
        alter the authority of the Great Lakes Fishery 
        Commission, States, and Indian tribes under the 
        Convention on Great Lakes Fisheries between the United 
        States of America and Canada on September 10, 1954, and 
        the Great Lakes Fishery Act of 1956 (16 U.S.C. 931 et 
        seq.).
    (d) Authorization of Appropriations.--For each of fiscal 
years 2021 through [2025] 2030, there is authorized to be 
appropriated $15,000,000 to carry out this section.

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