[House Report 119-221]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]


119th Congress    }                                    {        Report
                        HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
 1st Session      }                                    {       119-221

======================================================================



 
     PROTECTING VETERAN ACCESS TO TELEMEDICINE SERVICES ACT OF 2025

                                _______
                                

 July 29, 2025.--Committed to the Committee of the Whole House on the 
              State of the Union and ordered to be printed

                                _______
                                

   Mr. Bost, from the Committee on Veterans' Affairs, submitted the 
                               following

                              R E P O R T

                        [To accompany H.R. 1107]

      [Including cost estimate of the Congressional Budget Office]

    The Committee on Veterans' Affairs, to whom was referred 
the bill (H.R. 1107) to amend title 38, United States Code, to 
authorize certain heath care professionals employed by the 
Department of Veterans Affairs to deliver, distribute, or 
dispense to veterans certain controlled medications via 
telemedicine under certain conditions, and for other purposes, 
having considered the same, reports favorably thereon without 
amendment and recommends that the bill do pass.

                                CONTENTS

                                                                   Page
Amendment........................................................
Purpose and Summary..............................................     2
Background and Need for Legislation..............................     2
Hearings.........................................................     3
Subcommittee Consideration.......................................     4
Committee Consideration..........................................     4
Committee Votes..................................................     5
Committee Oversight Findings.....................................    19
Statement of General Performance Goals and Objectives............    19
Earmarks and Tax and Tariff Benefits.............................    19
Committee Cost Estimate..........................................    19
Budget Authority and Congressional Budget Office Estimate........    19
Federal Mandates Statement.......................................    20
Advisory Committee Statement.....................................    20
Applicability to Legislative Branch..............................    20
Statement on Duplication of Federal Programs.....................    20
Section-by-Section Analysis of the Legislation...................    20
Changes in Existing Law Made by the Bill, as Reported............    21

                          Purpose and Summary

    H.R. 1107, the ``Protecting Veteran Access to Telemedicine 
Services Act of 2025,'' was introduced by Representative Steve 
Womack of Arkansas on February 6, 2025. This bill would 
authorize qualified Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) health 
care professionals to prescribe, deliver, distribute, or 
dispense controlled substances via telemedicine, even if an in-
person medical examination has not occurred. The bill aims to 
preserve access to essential medications for veterans, 
particularly those in rural or underserved areas, by making 
flexibilities permanent for patients, which were granted during 
the COVID pandemic, while also ensuring compliance with the 
Controlled Substances Act and expanding modern, equitable 
access to VA telehealth services for veterans nationwide.

                  Background and Need for Legislation


Section 1: Short Title

    This Act may be cited as the ``Protecting Veteran Access to 
Telemedicine Services Act of 2025.''

Section 2: Delivery, distribution, and dispensation of controlled 
        medications by covered Department of Veterans Affairs health 
        care professionals via telemedicine

    The Ryan Haight Online Pharmacy Consumer Protection Act of 
2008 [P.L. 110-425] was enacted to curb the rise of internet 
pharmacies by requiring practitioners to conduct at least one 
in-person medical evaluation before prescribing controlled 
substances. Controlled substances are defined according to 
section 102 of the Controlled Substances Act [P.L. 91-513].\1\ 
Drugs or substances such as opioids are designated under 
``schedules'' subject to varying levels of regulation by the 
Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA). The law imposes the 
strictest regulations on drugs or substances classified as 
Schedule I, with less stringent controls on those in Schedules 
II through V. The in-person requirement has proven increasingly 
burdensome for many veterans, particularly those residing in 
rural and remote parts of the United States and its 
territories.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \1\See Section 102(6) of the Controlled Substances Act (P.L. 91-
513) (defining ``controlled substance'' as ``a drug or other substance, 
or immediate precursor, to a schedule under Part B of this title, 
whether by transfer from another schedule or otherwise.'').
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    During the COVID pandemic, the in-person appointment 
requirement was temporarily waived, allowing providers to 
prescribe controlled substances via telemedicine. These 
flexibilities significantly expanded access to needed 
medications, especially for veterans in remote areas. On 
October 6, 2023, the DEA and the Department of Health and Human 
Services (HHS) extended these telemedicine waivers through 
December 31, 2025. However, the long-term regulatory 
authorization for these flexibilities is uncertain.
    According to VA's Office of Rural Health, over 2.7 million 
veterans living in rural communities rely on VA's health care 
system. These veterans often face long travel times, provider 
shortages, and other barriers that make in-person appointments 
difficult or impossible. The Committee believes that without a 
permanent solution, the expiration of the current waiver would 
severely limit access to controlled substance prescriptions for 
these veterans, many of whom require medication for pain 
management, treatment for mental health disorders, or substance 
use disorder treatment.
    The Committee recognizes that the in-person prescribing 
requirement under current law creates a barrier to treatment 
and care for rural veterans. As such, this section, the 
Protecting Veteran Access to Telemedicine Services Act of 2025, 
would amend chapter 17 of title 38 to permanently authorize VA 
health care professionals to prescribe controlled substances to 
veterans via telemedicine. The Committee believes this reform 
is necessary to ensure continuity of care for veterans, reduce 
disparities between rural and urban veteran populations and 
modernize VA's delivery of services.
    By updating the law to reflect current medical and 
technological capabilities, the Committee believes that this 
section would safeguard access to critical medications for 
veterans in rural areas--protecting health outcomes while 
maintaining appropriate safeguards for prescribing controlled 
substances to veteran patients.

                                Hearings

    On March 11, 2025, the Subcommittee on Health held a 
legislative hearing on H.R. 1107 and other bills pending before 
the subcommittee.
    The following witnesses testified:
          The Honorable Jack Bergman, U.S. House of 
        Representatives, 1st Congressional District, Michigan; 
        The Honorable Greg Murphy, U.S. House of 
        Representatives, 3rd Congressional District, North 
        Carolina; The Honorable Steve Womack, U.S. House of 
        Representatives, 3rd Congressional District, Arkansas; 
        The Honorable Don Bacon, U.S. House of Representatives, 
        1st Congressional District, Nebraska; The Honorable 
        Sylvia Garcia, U.S. House of Representatives, 29th 
        Congressional District, Texas; The Honorable Lauren 
        Underwood, U.S. House of Representatives, 14th 
        Congressional District, Illinois; The Honorable Chris 
        Deluzio, U.S. House of Representatives, 17th 
        Congressional District, Pennsylvania; Dr. Thomas 
        O'Toole, Deputy Assistant Under Secretary for Health 
        for Clinical Services, Quality and Field Operations, 
        Veterans Health Administration, U.S. Department of 
        Veterans Affairs; Dr. Antoinette Shappell, Deputy 
        Assistant Under Secretary for Health for Patient 
        Services, Veterans Health Administration, U.S. 
        Department of Veterans Affairs; Dr. Thomas Emmendorfer, 
        Executive Director, Pharmacy Benefits Management, 
        Veterans Health Administration, U.S. Department of 
        Veterans Affairs; Dr. Jeffrey Gold, President, 
        University of Nebraska System; Ms. Sue Morris, 
        President, Veterans Trust; Mr. Brian Dempsey, Director 
        of Government Affairs, Wounded Warrior Project; Mr. Ed 
        Harries, President, National Association of State 
        Veterans Homes; Mr. Jon Retzer, Deputy National 
        Legislative Director, Disabled American Veterans;
    The following individuals and organizations submitted 
statements for the record:
          Veterans Healthcare Policy Institute; Paralyzed 
        Veterans of America; American Federation of Government 
        Employees; Representative Murphy; Trajector Medical; 
        American Association for Marriage and Family Therapy.

                       Subcommittee Consideration

    On March 25, 2025, the Subcommittee on Health met in an 
open markup session to consider H.R. 1107. A motion by Ranking 
Member Brownley of California to favorably forward H.R. 1107 to 
the full Committee on Veterans' Affairs was adopted by voice 
vote.

                        Committee Consideration

    On May 6, 2025, the full Committee met in an open markup 
session to consider H.R. 1107. During consideration of the 
bill, the following amendments were considered:
          An amendment to H.R. 1107 was offered by Ranking 
        Member Takano of California. This amendment would 
        reinstate all telework agreements for certain 
        appointees of the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) 
        who were terminated after January 20, 2025. This 
        amendment failed by a recorded vote of 11 ayes, 13 
        noes.
          An amendment to H.R. 1107 was offered by 
        Representative Herb Conaway of New Jersey. This 
        amendment would reinstate all telework agreements made 
        between psychiatrists, psychologists, and social 
        workers at the VHA who were terminated after January 
        20, 2025. This amendment failed by a recorded vote of 
        11 ayes, 13 noes.
          An amendment to H.R. 1107 was offered by 
        Representative Delia Ramirez of Illinois. This 
        amendment would reinstate all telework agreements for 
        all clinical resource hub employees in a Veterans 
        Integrated Service Network (VISN) who were terminated 
        after January 20, 2025. This amendment failed by a 
        recorded vote of 11 ayes, 13 noes.
          An amendment to H.R. 1107 was offered by 
        Representative Ramirez. This amendment would reinstate 
        all telework agreements for all clinical contact center 
        employees in a VISN who were terminated after January 
        20, 2025. This amendment failed by a recorded vote of 
        11 ayes, 13 noes.
          An amendment to H.R. 1107 was offered by 
        Representative Kelly Morrison of Minnesota. This 
        amendment would reinstate all telework agreements for 
        all employees of the Office of Member Services at the 
        VHA who were terminated after January 20, 2025. This 
        amendment failed by a recorded vote of 11 ayes, 13 
        noes.
          An amendment to H.R. 1107 was offered by 
        Representative Morrison. This amendment would reinstate 
        all telework agreements for all VHA employees 
        responsible for the coordination of health care for 
        veterans under the Veterans Community Care Program who 
        were terminated after January 20, 2025. This amendment 
        failed by a recorded vote of 11 ayes, 13 noes.
          An amendment to H.R. 1107 was offered by 
        Representative Morrison. This amendment would require 
        the VA Secretary to report to Congress about the 
        terminated telework agreements. This amendment failed 
        by a recorded vote of 11 ayes, 13 noes.
    A motion by Representative Jack Bergman of Michigan to 
report H.R. 1107 favorably to the House of Representatives was 
agreed to by voice vote.

                            Committee Votes

    In compliance with clause 3(b) of rule XIII of the Rules of 
the House of Representatives, seven recorded votes were taken 
on amendments or in connection with ordering H.R. 1107 reported 
to the House.
    An amendment to H.R. 1107 was offered by Ranking Member 
Takano of California. This amendment would reinstate all 
telework agreements for certain appointees of the Veterans 
Health Administration (VHA) who were terminated after January 
20, 2025. This amendment failed by a recorded vote of 11 ayes, 
13 noes.

    [GRAPHIC(S) NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT]

    An amendment to H.R. 1107 was offered by Representative 
Herb Conaway of New Jersey. This amendment would reinstate all 
telework agreements made between psychiatrists, psychologists, 
and social workers at the VHA who were terminated after January 
20, 2025. This amendment failed by a recorded vote of 11 ayes, 
13 noes.

    [GRAPHIC(S) NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT]

    An amendment to H.R. 1107 was offered by Representative 
Delia Ramirez of Illinois. This amendment would reinstate all 
telework agreements for all clinical resource hub employees in 
a Veterans Integrated Service Network (VISN) who were 
terminated after January 20, 2025. This amendment failed by a 
recorded vote of 11 ayes, 13 noes

    [GRAPHIC(S) NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT]

    An amendment to H.R. 1107 was offered by Representative 
Ramirez. This amendment would reinstate all telework agreements 
for all clinical contact center employees in a VISN who were 
terminated after January 20, 2025. This amendment failed by a 
recorded vote of 11 ayes, 13 noes.

    [GRAPHIC(S) NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT]

    An amendment to H.R. 1107 was offered by Representative 
Kelly Morrison of Minnesota. This amendment would reinstate all 
telework agreements for all employees of the Office of Member 
Services at the VHA who were terminated after January 20, 2025. 
This amendment failed by a recorded vote of 11 ayes, 13 noes.

    [GRAPHIC(S) NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT]

    An amendment to H.R. 1107 was offered by Representative 
Morrison. This amendment would reinstate all telework 
agreements for all VHA employees responsible for the 
coordination of health care for veterans under the Veterans 
Community Care Program who were terminated after January 20, 
2025. This amendment failed by a recorded vote of 11 ayes, 13 
noes

    [GRAPHIC(S) NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT]

    An amendment to H.R. 1107 was offered by Representative 
Morrison. This amendment would require the VA Secretary to 
report to Congress about the terminated telework agreements. 
This amendment failed by a recorded vote of 11 ayes, 13 noes.

    [GRAPHIC(S) NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT]

                      Committee Oversight Findings

    In compliance with clause 3(c)(1) of rule XIII and clause 
(2)(b)(1) of rule X of the Rules of the House of 
Representatives, the Committee's oversight findings and 
recommendations are reflected in the descriptive portions of 
this report.

         Statement of General Performance Goals and Objectives

    In accordance with clause 3(c)(4) of rule XIII of the Rules 
of the House of Representatives, the Committee's performance 
goals and objectives of H.R. 1107 are to preserve access to 
essential medications for veterans, particularly those in rural 
or underserved areas.

                  Earmarks and Tax and Tariff Benefits

    H.R. 1107 does not contain any Congressional earmarks, 
limited tax benefits, or limited tariff benefits as defined in 
clause 9 of rule XXI of the Rules of the House of 
Representatives.

                        Committee Cost Estimate

    The Committee adopts as its own the cost estimate on H.R. 
1107 prepared by the Director of the Congressional Budget.

           Budget Authority and Congressional Budget Office 
                             Cost Estimate

    Pursuant to clause (3)(c)(3) of rule XIII of the Rules of 
the House of Representatives, the following is the cost 
estimate for H.R. 1107 provided by the Congressional Budget 
Office pursuant to section 402 of the Congressional Budget Act 
of 1974:

    [GRAPHIC(S) NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT]


    H.R. 1107 would permanently authorize certain health care 
professionals employed by the Department of Veterans Affairs 
(VA) to prescribe, deliver, and dispense controlled substances 
to eligible VA patients via telemedicine, regardless of whether 
they have conducted an in-person medical examination. VA has 
had temporary authority to do so since the start of the COVID-
19 public health emergency. CBO anticipates that implementing 
the bill would change how prescriptions for certain controlled 
substances are fulfilled but would not significantly change the 
number of medications prescribed or dispensed.
    Based on the cost of similar regulatory efforts, CBO 
estimates that updating VA policies and guidance documents to 
reflect the permanent authority in the bill would cost less 
than $500,000 over the 2025-2030 period; any related spending 
would be subject to the availability of appropriated funds.
    The CBO staff contact for this estimate is Noah Callahan. 
The estimate was reviewed by Christina Hawley Anthony, Deputy 
Director of Budget Analysis.

                                         Phillip L. Swagel,
                             Director, Congressional Budget Office.

                       Federal Mandates Statement

    Section 423 of the Congressional Budget and Impoundment 
Control Act (as amended by Section 101(a)(2) of the Unfunded 
Mandate Reform Act, P.L. 104-4), is inapplicable to H.R. 1107.

                      Advisory Committee Statement

    No advisory committees within the meaning of section 5(b) 
of the Federal Advisory Committee Act would be created by H.R. 
1107.

                  Applicability to Legislative Branch

    The Committee finds that H.R. 1107 does not relate to the 
terms and conditions of employment or access to public services 
or accommodations within the meaning of section 102(b)(3) of 
the Congressional Accountability Act.

              Statement on Duplication of Federal Programs

    Pursuant to clause 3(c)(5) of rule XIII of the Rules of the 
House of Representatives, the Committee finds that no provision 
of H.R. 1107 establishes or reauthorizes a program of the 
Federal Government known to be duplicative of another Federal 
program, a program that was included in any report from the 
Government Accountability Office to Congress pursuant to 
section 21 of Public Law 111-139, or a program related to a 
program identified in the most recent Catalog of Federal 
Domestic Assistance.

             Section-by-Section Analysis of the Legislation


Section 1: Short title

    Section 1 would establish the short title as the 
``Protecting Veteran Access to Telemedicine Services Act of 
2025.''

Section 2: Delivery, distribution, and dispensation of controlled 
        medications by covered Department of Veterans Affairs health 
        care professionals via telemedicine

    Section 2(a) would authorize VA-employed health care 
professionals to use telemedicine to deliver, distribute, or 
dispense controlled substances to veterans, even if the 
provider has not conducted a prior in-person examination. This 
authority is subject to existing requirements under section 
1730C of title 38 and the Controlled Substances Act [P.L. 91-
513]. To qualify, the prescribing professional must:
          1. Be fully licensed, registered, or certified and 
        authorized to prescribe the controlled substance under 
        state law;
          2. Be acting in the usual course of professional 
        practice; and
          3. Deliver, distribute, or dispense the substance for 
        a legitimate medical purpose.
    Section 2(b) would require the Secretary of Veterans 
Affairs to promulgate guidelines and develop a process 
governing the telemedicine-based delivery, distribution, and 
dispensation of controlled substances under this section.
    Section 2(c) would clarify that nothing in the legislation 
changes or limits the obligations of VA providers under the 
Controlled Substances Act. It preserves the existing legal 
framework governing the prescribing of controlled substances.
    Section 2(d) would define terms used in the section:
          (1) ``Controlled substance,'' ``deliver,'' 
        ``dispense,'' and ``distribute'' have the meanings 
        assigned under section 102 of the Controlled Substances 
        Act.
          (2) ``Covered health care professional'' includes:
                   VA employees who are authorized to 
                provide care, not including contractors, who 
                are fully licensed, registered, or certified 
                and meet applicable VA standards; and
                   Health professions trainees 
                appointed under section 7405 of title 38, when 
                under the clinical supervision of a qualifying 
                VA provider.

         Changes in Existing Law Made by the Bill, as Reported

    In compliance with clause 3(e) of rule XIII of the Rules of 
the House of Representatives, changes in existing law made by 
the bill, as reported, are shown as follows (existing law 
proposed to be omitted is enclosed in black brackets, new 
matter is printed in italics, existing law in which no change 
is proposed is shown in roman):

         Changes in Existing Law Made by the Bill, as Reported

  In compliance with clause 3(e) of rule XIII of the Rules of 
the House of Representatives, changes in existing law made by 
the bill, as reported, are shown as follows (new matter is 
printed in italics and existing law in which no change is 
proposed is shown in roman):

                      TITLE 38, UNITED STATES CODE



           *       *       *       *       *       *       *
PART II--GENERAL BENEFITS

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *


   CHAPTER 17--HOSPITAL, NURSING HOME, DOMICILIARY, AND MEDICAL CARE

                          SUBCHAPTER I--GENERAL

Sec.
1701. Definitions.
     * * * * * * *

   SUBCHAPTER III--MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS RELATING TO HOSPITAL AND 
           NURSING HOME CARE AND MEDICAL TREATMENT OF VETERANS

     * * * * * * *
1730D. Delivery, distribution, and dispensation of controlled 
          medications via telemedicine.

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *


Sec. 1730D. Delivery, distribution, and dispensation of controlled 
                    medications via telemedicine

  (a) In General.--Pursuant to section 1730C of this title and 
subject to the requirements of title III of the Controlled 
Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 801 et seq.), a covered health care 
professional may use telemedicine to deliver, distribute, or 
dispense to a patient eligible to receive medical treatment 
under this chapter a controlled substance that is a 
prescription drug as determined under the Federal Food, Drug, 
and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 301 et seq.) regardless of whether 
such covered health care professional has conducted an in-
person medical examination of such patient if--
          (1) such covered health care professional is--
                  (A) authorized to prescribe the basic class 
                of such controlled substance under an active, 
                current, full, and unrestricted State license, 
                registration, or certification; and
                  (B) acting in the usual course of 
                professional practice; and
          (2) such substance is delivered, distributed, or 
        dispensed for a legitimate medical purpose.
  (b) Regulations.--The Secretary shall establish in 
regulations guidelines and a process for the delivery, 
distribution, and dispensation of a controlled substance 
pursuant to subsection (a).
  (c) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this section may be 
construed to remove, limit, or otherwise affect any obligation 
of a covered health care professional under the Controlled 
Substances Act.
  (d) Definitions.--In this section:
          (1) The terms ``controlled substance'', ``deliver'', 
        ``dispense'', and ``distribute'' have the meanings 
        given such terms in section 102 of the Controlled 
        Substances Act, respectively.
          (2) The term ``covered health care professional'' 
        means--
                  (A) a health care professional who--
                          (i) is an employee of the Department 
                        appointed under section 7306, 7401, 
                        7405, 7406, or 7408 of this title or 
                        under title 5;
                          (ii) is not a contractor of the 
                        Department;
                          (iii) is authorized by the Secretary 
                        to provide health care under this 
                        chapter;
                          (iv) is required to adhere to all 
                        standards for quality relating to the 
                        provision of health care in accordance 
                        with applicable policies of the 
                        Department;
                          (v) has an active, current, full, and 
                        unrestricted license, registration, or 
                        certification or meet qualification 
                        standards set forth by the Secretary 
                        within a specified time frame; and
                          (vi) with respect to a health care 
                        profession listed under section 7402(b) 
                        of this title, has the qualifications 
                        for such profession as set forth by the 
                        Secretary; and
                  (B) a health professions trainee who--
                          (i) is appointed under section 7405 
                        of this title; and
                          (ii) is under the clinical 
                        supervision of a health care 
                        professional described in subparagraph 
                        (A).

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *


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