[House Report 119-157]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]


119th Congress }                                          { Report 
                        HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
  1st Session   }                                         { 119-157

======================================================================
 
                     CONSUMER SAFETY TECHNOLOGY ACT

                                _______
                                

 June 12, 2025.--Committed to the Committee of the Whole House on the 
              State of the Union and ordered to be printed

                                _______
                                

 Mr. Guthrie, from the Committee on Energy and Commerce, submitted the 
                               following

                              R E P O R T

                        [To accompany H.R. 1770]

    The Committee on Energy and Commerce, to whom was referred 
the bill (H.R. 1770) to direct the Consumer Product Safety 
Commission to establish a pilot program to explore the use of 
artificial intelligence in support of the mission of the 
Commission and to direct the Secretary of Commerce and the 
Federal Trade Commission to study and report on the use of 
blockchain technology and tokens, respectively, having 
considered the same, reports favorably thereon without 
amendment and recommends that the bill do pass.

                                CONTENTS

                                                                   Page
Purpose and Summary..............................................     1
Background and Need for Legislation..............................     2
Committee Action.................................................     2
Committee Votes..................................................     3
Oversight Findings and Recommendations...........................     3
New Budget Authority, Entitlement Authority, and Tax Expenditures     3
Congressional Budget Office Estimate.............................     3
Federal Mandates Statement.......................................     3
Statement of General Performance Goals and Objectives............     3
Duplication of Federal Programs..................................     3
Related Committee and Subcommittee Hearings......................     4
Committee Cost Estimate..........................................     4
Earmark, Limited Tax Benefits, and Limited Tariff Benefits.......     4
Advisory Committee Statement.....................................     4
Applicability to Legislative Branch..............................     4
Section-by-Section Analysis of the Legislation...................     4
Changes in Existing Law Made by the Bill, as Reported............     5

                          PURPOSE AND SUMMARY

    H.R. 1770, the Consumer Safety Technology Act, was 
introduced by Representative Soto on March 3, 2025, and 
referred to the Committee on Energy and Commerce. H.R. 1770 
directs the Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) to 
establish a pilot program to explore the use of artificial 
intelligence in support of the mission of the CPSC and to 
direct the Secretary of Commerce and the Federal Trade 
Commission (FTC) to study and report on the use of blockchain 
technology and tokens, respectively.

                  BACKGROUND AND NEED FOR LEGISLATION

    The CPSC is charged with protecting the public from 
unreasonable risks of injury or death associated with the use 
of the thousands of consumer products under the agency's 
jurisdiction.\1\ The CPSC has various tools to support its 
consumer product safety mission but faces growing challenges. 
The CPSC has jurisdiction over more than 15,000 consumer 
products used in and around the home, in recreation, in 
schools, and more.\2\ In addition, international trade and 
technological advances have further expanded the range of 
products in the market, making overseeing and regulating 
consumer products even more complex.\3\ Changing consumer 
trends, including the rise of online shopping, requires the 
CPSC to increase its efforts to protect consumers from unsafe 
e-commerce shipments entering the United States.\4\
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    \1\United States Consumer Product Safety Commission, About CPSC, 
https://www.cpsc.gov/About-CPSC (last visited March 12, 2025).
    \2\Your Online Source for Recalls, Recalls.Gov, https://
www.recalls.gov/cpsc.html, (last visited March 12, 2025).
    \3\United States Consumer Product Safety Commission, Strategic Plan 
2018-2022 (2017), https://www.cpsc.gov/s3fs-public/CPSC_2018-
2022_Strategic_Plan.pdf.
    \4\United States Consumer Product Safety Commission, CPSC e-
Commerce Assessment Report, (Nov. 2019), https://www.cpsc.gov/s3fs-
public/CPSC-e-Commerce-Assessment-Report.pdf.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning, a subset 
of AI, have vast potential benefits. It is important that the 
United States act to secure itself as the global leader in AI. 
H.R. 1770 ensures that the CPSC studies AI and related 
technologies, pilots their use in the agency's day-today 
functions, and understands the way AI tools could be used to 
protect the public against unreasonable risk of injury or death 
from consumer products.
    Blockchain technology and tokens are two closely related 
emerging technologies with new benefits and risks for 
consumers. For example, blockchain has the potential to benefit 
many industries through its ability to track transactions 
accurately, securely, and efficiently.\5\ It is important for 
agencies to understand how these properties could be used in 
new ways to protect consumers from fraud and other unfair or 
deceptive acts or practices.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \5\Arielle Feger, Blockchain Technology: What it is, benefits, and 
its cross-industry applications, EMarketer (Oct. 19, 2023), https://
www.emarketer.com/learningcenter/guides/blockchain-
technology-applications-use-cases/.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    H.R. 1770 is needed to help ensure our consumer protection 
agencies stay up to date with emerging technologies and to 
encourage the use of emerging technologies such as AI and 
blockchain in support of product safety and consumer 
protection.

                            COMMITTEE ACTION

    On September 27, 2023, the Subcommittee on Innovation, 
Data, and Commerce held a hearing on H.R. 4814.\6\ The 
Subcommittee received testimony from:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \6\H.R. 4814 was reintroduced in the 119th Congress as H.R. 1770.
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           Ms. Kathleen Callahan, Owner, Xpertech Auto 
        Repair;
           Mr. Scott Benavidez, Chairman, Automotive 
        Service Association;
           Mr. Steven Michael Gentine, Counsel, Arnold 
        & Porter, LLP;
           Mr. John Breyault, Vice President of Public 
        Policy, Telecommunications and Fraud, National 
        Consumers League; and
           Mr. David Touhey, Certified Venue Expert, 
        Principal, Connett Consulting (IAVM, Fix the Tix 
        Coalition member, former president of venues, 
        Monumental Sports); and Adjunct Professor of sports 
        management, Georgetown University and George Washington 
        University.
    On March 4, 2025, the full Committee on Energy and Commerce 
met in open markup session and ordered H.R. 1770, without 
amendment, favorably reported to the House by a voice vote.

                            COMMITTEE VOTES

    Clause 3(b) of rule XIII requires the Committee to list the 
record votes on the motion to report legislation and amendments 
thereto. There were no record votes taken in connection with 
ordering H.R. 1770 reported.

                 OVERSIGHT FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

    Pursuant to clause 2(b)(1) of rule X and clause 3(c)(1) of 
rule XIII, the Committee held (a) hearing(s) and made findings 
that are reflected in this report.

   NEW BUDGET AUTHORITY, ENTITLEMENT AUTHORITY, AND TAX EXPENDITURES

    Pursuant to clause 3(c)(2) of rule XIII, the Committee 
finds that H.R. 1770 would result in no new or increased budget 
authority, entitlement authority, or tax expenditures or 
revenues.

                  CONGRESSIONAL BUDGET OFFICE ESTIMATE

    Pursuant to clause 3(c)(3) of rule XIII, at the time this 
report was filed, the cost estimate prepared by the Director of 
the Congressional Budget Office pursuant to section 402 of the 
Congressional Budget Act of 1974 was not available.

                       FEDERAL MANDATES STATEMENT

    The Committee adopts as its own the estimate of Federal 
mandates prepared by the Director of the Congressional Budget 
Office pursuant to section 423 of the Unfunded Mandates Reform 
Act.

         STATEMENT OF GENERAL PERFORMANCE GOALS AND OBJECTIVES

    Pursuant to clause 3(c)(4) of rule XIII, the general 
performance goal or objective of this legislation is to 
promulgate a mandatory consumer product safety standard with 
respect to retractable awnings.

                    DUPLICATION OF FEDERAL PROGRAMS

    Pursuant to clause 3(c)(5) of rule XIII, no provision of 
H.R. 1770 is known to be duplicative of another Federal 
program, including any program that was included in a report to 
Congress pursuant to section 21 of Public Law 111-139 or the 
most recent Catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance.

              RELATED COMMITTEE AND SUBCOMMITTEE HEARINGS

    Pursuant to clause 3(c)(6) of rule XIII, the following 
hearing was used to develop or consider H.R. 1770:
    On September 27, 2023, the Subcommittee on Innovation, 
Data, and Commerce held a hearing on H.R. 4814. The 
Subcommittee received testimony from:
           Ms. Kathleen Callahan, Owner, Xpertech Auto 
        Repair;
           Mr. Scott Benavidez, Chairman, Automotive 
        Service Association;
           Mr. Steven Michael Gentine, Counsel, Arnold 
        & Porter, LLP;
           Mr. John Breyault, Vice President of Public 
        Policy, Telecommunications and Fraud, National 
        Consumers League; and
           Mr. David Touhey, Certified Venue Expert, 
        Principal, Connett Consulting (IAVM, Fix the Tix 
        Coalition member, former president of venues, 
        Monumental Sports); and Adjunct Professor of sports 
        management, Georgetown University and George Washington 
        University.

                        COMMITTEE COST ESTIMATE

    Pursuant to clause 3(d)(1) of rule XIII, the Committee 
adopts as its own the cost estimate prepared by the Director of 
the Congressional Budget Office pursuant to section 402 of the 
Congressional Budget Act of 1974. At the time this report was 
filed, the estimate was not available.

       EARMARK, LIMITED TAX BENEFITS, AND LIMITED TARIFF BENEFITS

    Pursuant to clause 9(e), 9(f), and 9(g) of rule XXI, the 
Committee finds that H.R. 1770 contains no earmarks, limited 
tax benefits, or limited tariff benefits.

                      ADVISORY COMMITTEE STATEMENT

    No advisory committees within the meaning of section 5(b) 
of the Federal Advisory Committee Act were created by this 
legislation.

                  APPLICABILITY TO LEGISLATIVE BRANCH

    The Committee finds that the legislation does not relate to 
the terms and conditions of employment or access to public 
services or accommodations within the meaning of section 
102(b)(3) of the Congressional Accountability Act.

             SECTION-BY-SECTION ANALYSIS OF THE LEGISLATION

Section 1. Short title

    Section 1 allows the Act to be cited as the ``Consumer 
Safety Technology Act.''

Section 2. Definitions

    Section 2 defines key terms in H.R. 1770.

      TITLE I. ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND CONSUMER PRODUCT SAFETY

    Title I requires the CPSC to establish a pilot program to 
explore the use of artificial intelligence by the CPSC. The 
pilot program must use artificial intelligence for tracking 
trends with respect to injuries involving consumer products, 
identifying consumer product hazards, monitoring the retail 
marketplace for the sale of recalled consumer products, or 
identifying consumer products to be refused entry by United 
States customs. Title I also requires the CPSC to consult with 
cyber security experts, the retail industry, consumer product 
manufacturers, and consumer product safety organizations when 
establishing the program and to report to Congress no later 
than 1 year after the conclusion of the pilot program on the 
findings and data derived from the program.

               TITLE II. BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGY INNOVATION

    Title II requires the Secretary of Commerce, in 
consultation with the FTC, and any other federal agency it 
deems appropriate, to study the possible uses of blockchain 
technology for consumer protection purposes. In conducting the 
study, the Secretary must examine existing and emerging uses of 
blockchain technology to protect consumers, trends in 
commercial use and investment in blockchain technology to help 
prevent fraud, best practices in facilitating public-private 
partnerships in blockchain technology to prevent fraud, and 
potential benefits and risks related to the use of blockchain 
technology to prevent fraud. The Secretary must provide an 
opportunity for public comment and submit a report to Congress 
that contains the results of the study.

                       TITLE III. TOKEN TAXONOMY

    Title III includes Congressional findings and a requirement 
that the FTC submit a report to Congress on the actions taken 
by the FTC related to unfair or deceptive acts or practices in 
transactions relating to tokens, any efforts to prevent unfair 
or deceptive acts or practices related to tokens, and any 
recommendations for legislation that would improve the ability 
of the FTC and other relevant agencies to further protect 
consumers from unfair and deceptive acts or practices in the 
token marketplace.

         CHANGES IN EXISTING LAW MADE BY THE BILL, AS REPORTED

    This legislation does not amend any existing Federal 
statute.

                                  [all]