[Senate Report 118-302]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]


                                                  Calendar No. 708

118th Congress}                                           { Report
                                 SENATE
   2d Session }                                           { 118-302

======================================================================
                        IMPROVING FEDERAL FINANCIAL 
                               MANAGEMENT ACT

                               __________

                              R E P O R T

                                 OF THE

                   COMMITTEE ON HOMELAND SECURITY AND

                          GOVERNMENTAL AFFAIRS

                          UNITED STATES SENATE

                              TO ACCOMPANY

                                S. 4700

                 TO MODIFY THE GOVERNMENTWIDE FINANCIAL
                MANAGEMENT PLAN, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES

[GRAPHIC(S) NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT]


   December 17 (legislative day, December 16), 2024.--Ordered to be 
                                printed                                
                                
                               __________

                   U.S. GOVERNMENT PUBLISHING OFFICE                    
                             WASHINGTON : 2025                  
          
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
                               
        COMMITTEE ON HOMELAND SECURITY AND GOVERNMENTAL AFFAIRS

                   GARY C. PETERS, Michigan, Chairman
THOMAS R. CARPER, Delaware           RAND PAUL, Kentucky
MAGGIE HASSAN, New Hampshire         RON JOHNSON, Wisconsin
KYRSTEN SINEMA, Arizona              JAMES LANKFORD, Oklahoma
JACKY ROSEN, Nevada                  MITT ROMNEY, Utah
JON OSSOFF, Georgia                  RICK SCOTT, Florida
RICHARD BLUMENTHAL, Connecticut      JOSH HAWLEY, Missouri
ADAM SCHIFF, California              ROGER MARSHALL, Kansas

                   David M. Weinberg, Staff Director
                      Alan S. Kahn, Chief Counsel
            Lena C. Chang, Director of Governmental Affairs
              James F. Hiebert, Professional Staff Member
           William E. Henderson III, Minority Staff Director
              Christina N. Salazar, Minority Chief Counsel
                  Andrew J. Hopkins, Minority Counsel
                     Laura W. Kilbride, Chief Clerk
                     
                     
                     
                     
                                                  Calendar No. 708

118th Congress}                                           { Report
                                 SENATE
   2d Session }                                           { 118-302

======================================================================
 
                        IMPROVING FEDERAL FINANCIAL 
                               MANAGEMENT ACT                                         
                                

   December 17 (legislative day, December 16), 2024.--Ordered to be 
                                printed

                                _______
                                

 Mr. Peters, from the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental 
                    Affairs, submitted the following

                              R E P O R T

                         [To accompany S. 4700]

      [Including cost estimate of the Congressional Budget Office]

    The Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental 
Affairs, to which was referred the bill (S. 4700) to modify the 
governmentwide financial management plan, and for other 
purposes, having considered the same, reports favorably thereon 
with an amendment, in the nature of a substitute, and 
recommends that the bill, as amended, do pass.

                                CONTENTS

                                                                   Page
  I. Purpose and Summary..............................................1
 II. Background and Need for the Legislation..........................2
III. Legislative History..............................................3
 IV. Section-by-Section Analysis of the Bill, as Reported.............3
  V. Evaluation of Regulatory Impact..................................4
 VI. Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate........................4
VII. Changes in Existing Law Made by the Bill, as Reported............6

                         I. Purpose and Summary

    The purpose of S. 4700, the Improving the Federal Financial 
Management Act, is to update the Chief Financial Officers Act 
of 1990 by standardizing Chief Financial Officers' (CFO) 
responsibilities, expanding the authority of Deputy CFOs, 
establishing metrics based on financial performance, and 
strengthening internal controls.\1\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \1\On July 22, 2020, the Committee approved S. 3287, the CFO Vision 
Act. That bill is substantially similar to S. 3287. Accordingly, this 
committee report is, in many respects, similar to the committee report 
for S. 3287. See S. Rept. 116-278.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

              II. Background and Need for the Legislation

    In 1990, Congress passed the Chief Financial Officers Act 
of 1990 (hereafter ``CFO Act'') to improve and standardize 
financial management practices across the federal government. 
The CFO Act established the CFO position at 24 federal 
agencies, vested financial managementfunctions in that role, 
and required regular reporting on financial management practices.\2\ 
The CFO Act also required the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) to 
produce a government-wide financial management plan every five 
years.\3\ However, OMB has not produced such a standalone report since 
2009, instead including reporting on financial management planning in 
the President's Management Agenda produced every four years.\4\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \2\The Chief Financial Officers Act of 1990, Pub. L. No. 101-576 
(1990), Title II.
    \3\The Chief Financial Officers Act of 1990, Pub. L. No. 101-576 
(1990), Sec. 301.
    \4\Government Accountability Office, Federal Financial Management: 
Substantial Progress Made Since the CFO Act of 1990 and Preliminary 
Observations, (GAO-20-203T) (Oct. 30, 2019) (https://www.gao.gov/
products/GAO-20-203T).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    In the 30 years since the CFO Act was passed, agencies have 
made substantial progress on improving the quality of financial 
controls and reporting. In 1996, only 6 of the 24 CFO Act 
agencies produced a clean audit.\5\ In 2023, 19 of the 24 CFO 
Act agencies produced a clean audit.\6\ The Government 
Accountability Office (GAO) identified that improvements in 
agencies' preparation and audit of financial reports, internal 
control systems, financial management information technology 
systems, and workforce drove improvements in the quality and 
certainty of financial management systems.\7\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \5\Department of the Treasury, Financial Management Service, 1996 
Consolidated Financial Statements of the United States Government (May 
21, 1997).
    \6\Department of the Treasury, Bureau of the Fiscal Service, 2023 
Financial Report of the United States (Feb. 15, 2024).
    \7\Government Accountability Office, Federal Financial Management: 
Substantial Progress Made Since the CFO Act of 1990 and Preliminary 
Observations, (GAO-20-203T) (Oct. 30, 2019) (https://www.gao.gov/
products/GAO-20-203T).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    However, GAO also identified areas for continued 
improvement of agency financial management practices and better 
compliance with CFO Act requirements. After reviewing financial 
management best practices and surveying each agency CFO, GAO 
recommended that agencies should further standardize the 
responsibilities of CFOs, including to have responsibilities 
over budget execution functions. GAO also recommended that 
agencies report on the quality of internal controls. Finally, 
GAO recommended that OMB produce a government-wide financial 
management plan every four years to align with other 
government-wide performance management standards.\8\ The bill 
responds to GAO's recommendations by further standardizing CFO 
responsibilities, requiring audits of internal controls, and 
requiring four-year financial management plans.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \8\Id.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                        III. Legislative History

    S. 4700 was introduced on July, 11, 2024, by Senator James 
Lankford (R-OK). The bill was referred to the Committee on 
Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs. Senator Margaret 
Wood Hassan (D-NH) joined as an additional cosponsor on July 
23, 2024.
    The Committee considered S. 4700 at a business meeting on 
September 18, 2024. At the business meeting, Senator Lankford 
offered a substitute amendment, as well as a modification to 
that amendment. The Lankford substitute amendment, as modified, 
made a technical change to amend an improperly cited date on 
the bill. The Committee adopted the modification to the 
Lankford substitute amendment, and the Lankford substitute 
amendment, as modified by unanimous consent, with Senators 
Peters, Hassan, Sinema, Rosen, Ossoff, Butler, Paul, Lankford, 
Romney, Marshall, and Scott present.
    The bill, as amended by the Lankford substitute amendment, 
as modified was ordered reported favorably by roll call vote of 
11 yeas to 0 nays, with Senators Peters, Hassan, Sinema, Rosen, 
Ossoff, Butler, Paul, Lankford, Romney, Scott, and Marshall 
voting in the affirmative. Senators Carper, Blumenthal, 
Johnson, and Hawley voted yea by proxy, for the record only.

        IV. Section-by-Section Analysis of the Bill, as Reported


Section 1. Short title

    This section establishes the short title of the bill as the 
``Improving Federal Financial Management Act''.

Section 2. Chief Financial Officers; Government-wide financial 
        management plan

    This section amends title 31 to update CFO 
responsibilities, expands authorities of deputy CFOs, and 
clarifies agencies' financial management practices.
    Subsection (a) defines the duties and responsibilities for 
agency CFOs and deputy CFOs, including budget formulation, 
budget execution, risk management, and accounting. It also 
requires CFOs to provide annual agency financial statements and 
maintain a four-year financial management plan with 
performance-based financial metrics. This section also 
clarifies that in the event that an agency's CFO position is 
vacant, deputy CFOs are to serve as acting CFOs and carry out 
the same duties.
    Subsection (b) requires OMB, in consultation with the CFO 
Council, the Chief Information Officers Council, the Chief Data 
Officers Council, the Chief Acquisition Officers Council, the 
Council of the Inspectors General on Integrity and Efficiency, 
and GAO to develop a government-wide four-year financial 
management plan with annual status reports.
    Subsection (c) updates requirements for the information and 
internal controls for agencies' annual audits.
    Subsection (d) provides technical and conforming changes to 
title 5, to ensure it complies with the changes made in title 
31.

                   V. Evaluation of Regulatory Impact

    Pursuant to the requirements of paragraph 11(b) of rule 
XXVI of the Standing Rules of the Senate, the Committee has 
considered the regulatory impact of this bill and determined 
that thebill will have no regulatory impact within the meaning 
of the rules. The Committee agrees with the Congressional Budget 
Office's statement that the bill contains no intergovernmental or 
private-sector mandates as defined in the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act 
(UMRA) and would impose no costs on state, local, or tribal 
governments.

             VI. Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate

    The Congressional Budget Act of 1974 requires the 
Congressional Budget Office, to the extent practicable, to 
prepare estimates of the budgetary effects of legislation 
ordered reported by Congressional authorizing committees. In 
order to provide the Congress with as much information as 
possible, the attached table summarizes information about the 
estimated direct spending and revenue effects of some of the 
legislation that has been ordered reported by the Senate 
Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs during 
the 118th Congress. The legislation listed in this table 
generally would have small effects, if any, on direct spending 
or revenues, CBO estimates. Where possible, the table also 
provides information about the legislation's estimated effects 
on spending subject to appropriation and on intergovernmental 
and private-sector mandates as defined in the Unfunded Mandates 
Reform Act.

                                                                      ESTIMATED BUDGETARY EFFECTS AND MANDATES INFORMATION
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                                                     Spending subject
                                                                        Last      Budget      Direct      Revenues,         to          Pay-as-you-go    Budgetary
          Bill number                 Title             Status         action    function    spending,    2025-2034   appropriation,      procedures      effects    Mandates        Contact
                                                                                             2025-2034                   2025-2029          apply?      after 2034
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
S. 4700.......................  Improving Federal  Ordered reported   09/18/24       800   Between zero          0   Not Estimated...             Yes          No          No   Matthew Pickford
                                 Financial                                                 and $500,000
                                 Management Act.
                                S. 4700 would revise requirements for the Office of Management and Budget and federal agencies to prepare governmentwide financial plans. Under current law,
                                 those plans cover five years; the bill would require four-year financial plans and would expand the types of information reported. The bill also would broaden
                                 requirements for auditing each agency's internal controls. Enacting S. 4700 could affect direct spending by some agencies that are allowed to use fees,
                                 receipts from the sale of goods, and other collections to cover operating costs. CBO estimates that any net changes in direct spending by those agencies would
                                 be negligible because most of them can adjust amounts collected to reflect changes in operating costs. CBO estimates that enacting S. 4700 would have no effect
                                 on revenues. CBO has not estimated the bill's effects on spending subject to appropriation. The bill contains no intergovernmental or private-sector mandates
                                 as defined in the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

       VII. Changes in Existing Law Made by the Bill, as Reported

    In compliance with paragraph 12 of rule XXVI of the 
Standing Rules of the Senate, changes in existing law made by 
the bill, as reported, are shown as follows (existing law 
proposed to be omitted is enclosed in brackets, new matter is 
printed in italic, and existing law in which no change is 
proposed is shown in roman):

UNITED STATES CODE

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *


TITLE 5--MONEY AND FINANCE

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *


PART III--EMPLOYEES

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *


Subpart B--Employment and Retention

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *


CHAPTER 33--EXAMINATION, SELECTION, AND PLACEMENT

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *



Subchapter III--Details, Vacancies, and Appointments

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *



SEC. 3348. VACANT OFFICE.

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *


    (e) This section shall not apply to--
          (1) The General Counsel of the National Labor 
        relations Board;
          (2) the General Counsel of the Federal Labor 
        Relations Authority;
          (3) any Inspector General appointed by the President, 
        by and with the advice and consent of the Senate; or
          [(4) any Chief Financial Officer appointed by the 
        President, by and with the advice and consent of the 
        Senate;]
          [(5)](4) an office of an Executive agency (including 
        the Executive Office of the President, and other than 
        the Government Accountability Office) if a statutory 
        provision expressly prohibits the head of the Executive 
        agency from performing the functions and duties of such 
        office.

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *


TITLE 31--MONEY AND FINANCE

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *


Subtitle--General

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *


CHAPTER 9--AGENCY CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICERS

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *



SEC. 902. AUTHORITY AND FUNCTIONS OF THE AGENCY CHIEF FINANCIAL 
                    OFFICERS

    (a)[An] It shall be the duty and responsibility of each 
agency Chief Financial Officer to oversee and provide 
leadership in the areas of budget formulation and execution, 
planning and performance, risk management, internal controls, 
financial systems, and accounting. In carrying out the 
preceding sentence, each agency Chief Financial Officer shall--
          (1) * * *
          (2) * * *
          (3) develop and maintain an integrated agency 
        accounting and financial management system, including 
        financial reporting and internal controls, which--
                  (A) * * *
                  (B) * * *
                  (C) complies with any other requirements 
                applicable to such areas and systems; and
                  (D) provides for--
                          (i) complete, reliable, consistent, 
                        and timely information which is 
                        prepared on a uniform basis and which 
                        is responsive to the financial 
                        information needs of agency management;
                          (ii) the development and reporting of 
                        cost information;
                          (iii) the integration of accounting 
                        and budgeting information; [and]
                          (iv) the systematic measurement of 
                        [performance;] performance and 
                        integration of performance and cost 
                        information; and
                          (v) annual agency financial 
                        statements prepared in accordance with 
                        United States generally accepted 
                        accounting principles;
          (4) * * *
          (5) prepare, in consultation with financial 
        management and other appropriate experts, an agency 
        plan to implement the 4-year financial management plan 
        prepared by the Director of the Office of management 
        and Budget under section 3512(a)(2) of this title and 
        to achieve and sustain effective financial management 
        in the agency which shall--
                  (A) be completed within 90 days of the 
                issuance of a government wide plan under 
                section 3512(a)(2) of this title;
                  (B) be revised as determined necessary by the 
                Chief Financial Officer;
                  (C) include performance-based financial 
                management metrics against which the financial 
                management performance of the agency shall be 
                assessed; and
                  (D) be submitted upon completion or revision 
                to the head of the agency, the Director of the 
                Office of Management and Budget, the 
                Comptroller general, the appropriate committees 
                of Congress, and be made publicly available;
          [(5)] (6) direct, manage, and provide policy guidance 
        and oversight of agency financial management personnel, 
        activities, and operations, including--
                  [(A) the preparation and annual revision of 
                an agency plan to--
                          [(i) implement the 5-year financial 
                        management plan prepared by the 
                        Director of the Office of Management 
                        and Budget under section 3512(a)(3) of 
                        this title; and
                          [(ii) comply with the requirements 
                        established under sections 3515 and 
                        subsections (e) and (f) of section 3521 
                        of this title;]
                  [(B)](A) the development of agency financial 
                management budgets;
                  [(C)](B) the recruitment, selection, and 
                training of personnel to carry out agency 
                financial management functions;
                  [(D)](C) the approval and management of 
                agency financial management systems design or 
                enhancement projects; and
                  [(E)](D) the implementation of agency asset 
                management systems, including systems for cash 
                management, credit management, debit collection 
                and property and inventory management and 
                control;
          [(6)](7) prepare and transmit, by not later than 60 
        days after the submission of the audit report required 
        by section 3521(f) of this title, an annual report to 
        the agency head [and the Director of the Office of 
        Management and Budget,], the Director of the Office of 
        Management and Budget, the Comptroller General, and 
        appropriate committees of Congress which shall be made 
        publicly available and, which shall include--
                  (A) a description and analysis of the status 
                of financial management of the [agency] agency, 
                including--
                          (i) the progress of the agency in 
                        implementing the agency plan described 
                        in paragraph (5)
                          (ii) the progress of the agency in 
                        implementing the governmentwide 4-year 
                        financial management plan prepared by 
                        the Director of the Office of 
                        Management and under section 3512(a)(2) 
                        of this title; and
                          (iii) the performance of the agency 
                        against financial management metrics 
                        established by the Director of Office 
                        Management and Budget;
                  (B) * * *
                  (C) * * *
                  (D) a summary [of the reports] of--
                          (i) the reports; on internal 
                        accounting and administrative control 
                        systems submitted to the President and 
                        the Congress under [the amendments made 
                        by the federal managers' Financial 
                        Integrity Act of 1982 (Public Law 97-
                        255); and] section 3512(d) of this 
                        title;
                          (ii) agency spending data published 
                        under the Federal Funding 
                        Accountability and Transparency Act of 
                        2006 (31 U.S.C. 6106 note); and
                          (iii) the reporting of the agency 
                        under the Federal Financial Management 
                        Improvement Act of 1996 (31 U.S.C. 3512 
                        note); and
          [(7)](8) [monitor the] manage the formulation and 
        financial execution of the budget of the agency in 
        relation to actual expenditures [, and prepare and 
        submit to the head of the agency timely performance 
        reports; and];
          (9) be responsible for linking performance and cost 
        information, including the preparation and submission 
        to the head of the agency of timely performance reports 
        that incorporate cost information;
          [(8)](10) review, on a biennial basis, the fees, 
        royalties, rents, and other charges imposed by the 
        agency for services and things of value it provides, 
        and make recommendations on revising those charges to 
        reflect inflation and costs incurred by it in providing 
        those services and things of value[.]; and
          (11) coordinate with senior agency personnel, 
        including the Chief Data Officer, Chief Information 
        Officer, Chief Performance officer, Chief Acquisition 
        Officer, Chief Risk Officer, and Chief Evaluation 
        Officer of the agency on--
                  (A) the exercise of authorities under this 
                subsection; and
                  (B) the strategic planning, performance 
                measurement and reporting, and risk management 
                functions of the agency.

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *


SEC. 903. ESTABLISHMENT OF AGENCY DEPUTY CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICERS

    (a) There shall be within each agency described in section 
901(b) an agency Deputy Chief Financial Officer, who shall 
report directly to the agency Chief Financial Officer on 
financial management matters and who shall assist the agency 
Chief Financial Officer in the performanceof each of the duties 
of the agency Chief Financial Officer under this chapter. The position 
of agency Deputy Chief Financial Officer shall be a career-reserved 
position in the Senior Executive Service.
    (b) * * *
    (c) Notwithstanding subchapter III of chapter 33 of title 
5, in the event of a vacancy in the position of Chief Financial 
Officer of an agency, the Deputy Chief Financial Officer of the 
agency shall serve as the acting Chief Financial Officer.

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *


Subtitle III--Financial Management

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *


CHAPTER 35--ACCOUNTING AND COLLECTION

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *



Subchapter II--Accounting Requirements, Systems, and Information

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *



SEC. 3512. EXECUTIVE AGENCY ACCOUNTING AND OTHER FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT 
                    REPORTS AND PLANS.

    (a)
          (1) The Director of the Office of management and 
        Budget shall prepare and submit to the appropriate 
        committees of the Congress and make available on the 
        website described under section 1122 [a financial 
        management status report and a government 5-year 
        financial management plan] a government wide 4-year 
        financial management plan and a financial management 
        status report.
          [(2) A financial management status report under this 
        subsection shall include--
                  [(A) a description and analysis of the status 
                of financial management in the executive branch
                  [(B) a summary of the most recently completed 
                financial statements--
                          [(i) of Federal agencies under 
                        section 3515 of this title; and
                          [(ii) of government corporations;
                  [(C) a summary of the most recently completed 
                financial statement audits and reports--
                          [(i) of federal agencies under 
                        section 3521 (e) and (f) of this title; 
                        and
                          [(ii) of Government corporations;
                  [(D) a summary of reports on internal 
                accounting and administrative control systems 
                submitted to the President and the Congress 
                under the amendments made by the Federal 
                Managers' Financial Integrity Act of 1982 
                (Public Law 97-255);
                  [(E) a listing of agencies whose financial 
                management systems do not comply substantially 
                with requirements of section 3(a) of the 
                Federal Financial Management Improvement Act of 
                1996, and a summary statement of the efforts 
                underway to remedy the noncompliance; and
                  [(F) any other information the Director 
                considers appropriate to fully inform the 
                Congress regarding the financial management of 
                the Federal Government.]
          [(3)](2)
                  (A) A government-wide [5-year] 4-year 
                financial management plan under this subsection 
                [shall describe] shall--
                          (i) describe the activities the 
                        Director, the Deputy Director for 
                        Management, the Controller of the 
                        Office of Federal Financial Management, 
                        and agency Chief Financial Officers 
                        shall conduct over the next [5 fiscal 
                        years to improve the financial 
                        management of the Federal Government.] 
                        4 fiscal years to improve the financial 
                        management of the Federal Government in 
                        a manner that is strategic, 
                        comprehensive, and cost-effective; and
                          (ii) be developed in consultation 
                        with the Chief Financial Officers 
                        Council, the Chief information Officers 
                        Council, Chief Data Officer Council, 
                        the Chief Acquisition Officers Council, 
                        the Council of the Inspectors General 
                        on Integrity and Efficiency, the 
                        Government Accountability Office, and, 
                        as appropriate other councils and 
                        financial management experts.
                  (B) Each government-wide [5-year] 4-year 
                financial management plan prepared under this 
                subsection shall--
                          (i) describe the existing financial 
                        management structure and any changes 
                        needed to establish an integrated 
                        financial management system;
                          (ii) be consistent with applicable 
                        accounting principles, standards, and 
                        requirements;
                          (iii) provide a strategy [for 
                        developing] for improving financial 
                        management systems, including--
                                  (I) developing and 
                                integrating individual agency 
                                accounting, financial 
                                information, and other 
                                financial management systems to 
                                ensure adequacy, consistency, 
                                and timeliness of financial 
                                information;
                                  (II) linking performance and 
                                cost information to facilitate 
                                effective and efficient 
                                decision making;
                                  (III) eliminating duplicative 
                                and unnecessary systems; and
                                  (IV) identifying 
                                opportunities for agencies to 
                                share systems and encouraging 
                                agencies to do so where 
                                practicable;
                          [(iv) identify and make proposals to 
                        eliminate duplicative and unnecessary 
                        systems, including encouraging agencies 
                        to share systems which have sufficient 
                        capacity to perform the functions 
                        needed;]
                          [(v)] (iv) identify projects to bring 
                        existing systems into compliance with 
                        the applicable standards and 
                        requirements;
                          (v) provide a strategy for reporting 
                        performance and cost information;
                          (vi) contain milestones for equipment 
                        acquisitions and other actions 
                        necessary to implement the [5-year] 4-
                        year plan consistent with the 
                        requirements of this section;
                          (vii) [identify] provide a strategy 
                        for strengthening the Federal financial 
                        management workforce, including 
                        identification of financial management 
                        personnel needs and actions to ensure 
                        those needs are met;
                          (viii) include a plan for ensuring 
                        the annual audit of financial 
                        statements of executive agencies 
                        pursuant to section 3521(h) of this 
                        title; [and]
                          (ix) include comprehensive financial 
                        management performance-based metrics 
                        against which the financial management 
                        performance of executive agencies can 
                        be assessed; and
                          [(ix)] (x) estimate the costs of 
                        implementing the government-wide [5-
                        year] 4-year plan
          (3) A financial management status report under this 
        subsection shall include--
                  (A) a description and analysis of the status 
                of financial management in the executive 
                branch, including the progress made towards 
                implementing the government wide 4-year 
                financial management plan, the status of 
                remaining challenges, and, as necessary based 
                on obligations or expenditures, any updates or 
                revisions to the cost estimates included in the 
                most recent governmentwide 4-year financial 
                management plan
                  (B) a summary of the performance of agencies 
                against the metrics developed and identified by 
                the Director of the Office of management and 
                Budget in the government wide 4-year financial 
                management plan;
                  (C) a summary of the most recently completed 
                financial statements--
                          (i) of Federal agencies under section 
                        3515 of this title; and
                          (ii) of Government corporations;
                  (D) a summary of the most recently completed 
                financial statement audits and reports--
                          (i) of Federal agencies under 
                        subsections (e) and (f) of section 3521 
                        of this title; and 
                          (ii) of Government corporations;
                  (E) a summary of reports on internal 
                accounting and administrative control systems 
                submitted to the President and Congress under 
                subsection (d);
                  (F) a listing of agencies whose financial 
                management systems do not comply substantially 
                with the requirements of section 803(s) of the 
                Federal Financial Management Improvement Act of 
                1996 (31 U.S.C. 3512 note), and a summary 
                statement of the efforts underway to remedy the 
                non-compliance; and 
                  (G) any other information the Director 
                considers appropriate to fully inform Congress 
                regarding the financial management of the 
                Federal Government.
          (4)
                  (A) Not later than [15 months after the date 
                of the enactment of this subsection] 6 months 
                after the date of enactment of the Improving 
                Federal Financial Management Act, the Director 
                of the Office of Management and Budget shall 
                submit the first financial management status 
                report and government wide [5-year] 4-year 
                financial management plan under this subsection 
                to the appropriate committees of the Congress
                  (B)
                          (i) [Not later than January 31 of 
                        each year there-after] At a minimum, 
                        concurrently with the submission of the 
                        budget of the United States Government 
                        under section 1105(a) of this title 
                        made in the first full fiscal year 
                        following any year in which the term of 
                        the President commences under section 
                        101 of title 3, the Director of the 
                        Office of Management and Budget shall 
                        submit to the appropriate committees of 
                        the Congress a [financial management 
                        status report and a revised government 
                        wide 5-year] governmentwide 4-year 
                        financial management plan to cover the 
                        succeeding [5 fiscal years] 4 fiscal 
                        years. including a report on the 
                        accomplishments of the executive branch 
                        in implementing the plan during the 
                        preceding fiscal year.
                          (ii) The Director shall include with 
                        each [revised government wide 5-year] 
                        governmentwide 4-year financial 
                        management plan a description of any 
                        substantive changes in the financial 
                        statement audit plan required by 
                        [paragraph (3)(B)(viii),] paragraph 
                        (2)(B)(viii) progress made by executive 
                        agencies in implementing the audit 
                        plan, and any improvements in Federal 
                        Government financial management related 
                        to preparation and audit of financial 
                        statements of executive agencies.
                  (C) Each year, concurrently with the 
                submission of the budget of the United States 
                Government under section 1105(a) of this title, 
                the Director of the Office of Management and 
                Budget shall submit to the appropriate 
                committees of Congress and the Comptroller 
                General a financial management status report.
          [(5) Not later than 30 days after receiving each 
        annual report under section 902(a)(6) of this title, 
        the Director shall transmit to the Chairman of the 
        Committee on Government Operations of the House of 
        representatives and the Chairman of the Committee on 
        Governmental Affairs of the Senate a final copy of that 
        report and any comments on the report by the Director.]
    (b) * * *
    (c) * * *
    (d)
          (1) * * *
          (2) By December 31 of each year (beginning in 1983), 
        the head of each executive agency, based on an 
        evaluation conducted according to guidelines prescribed 
        under paragraph (1) of this subsection, shall prepare a 
        statement on whether the systems of the agency comply 
        with subsection (c) of this section, including--
                  (A) if the head of an executive agency 
                decides the systems do not comply with 
                subsection (c) of this section, a report 
                identifying any material weakness in the 
                systems and describing the plans and schedule 
                for correcting the weakness; [and]
                  (B) a separate report on whether the 
                accounting system of the agency conforms to the 
                principles, standards, and requirements the 
                Comptroller General prescribes under section 
                3511(a) of this title[.]; and
                  (C) a separate report on the results of the 
                assessment and conclusion required under 
                subsection (e)(2).
          (3) The head of each executive agency shall sign the 
        statement and reports required by this subsection and 
        submit them to the President and Congress. The 
        statement and reports are available to the public, 
        except that information shall be deleted from a 
        statement or report before it is made available if the 
        information specifically is--
                  (A) prohibited from disclosure by law; or
                  (B) required by Executive order to be kept 
                secret in the interest of national defense or 
                the conduct of foreign affairs.
    (e) The head of each executive agency shall--
          (1) in establishing the internal accounting and 
        administrative controls under subsection (c), identify 
        the key financial management information needed for 13 
        effective financial management and decision making; and
          (2) annually assess and make a conclusion on the 
        effectiveness of the internal controls of the executive 
        agency over financial reporting and key financial 
        management information identified under paragraph (1).
    [(e)] (f) To assist in preparing a cost-based budget 
undersection 1108(b) of this title and consistent with 
principles and standards the Comptroller General prescribes, 
the head of each executive agency shall maintain the accounts 
of the agency on an accrual basis to show the resources, 
liabilities, and costs of operations of the agency. An 
accounting system under this subsection shall include monetary 
property accounting records.
    [(f)] (g) The Comptroller General shall--
          (1) cooperate with the head of each executive agency 
        in developing an accounting system for the agency; and
          (2) approve the system when the Comptroller General 
        considers it to be adequate and in conformity with the 
        principles, standards, and requirements prescribed 
        under section 3511 of this title.
    [(g)] (h) The Comptroller General shall review the 
accounting systems of each executive agency. The results of a 
review shall be available to the head of the executive agency, 
the Secretary, and the President. The Comptroller General shall 
report to Congress on a review when the Comptroller General 
considers it proper.

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *


SEC. 3521. AUDITS BY AGENCIES.

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *


    [(e) Each financial] (e)(1) Each financial statement 
prepared under section 3515 by an agency shall be audited in 
accordance with applicable generally accepted government 
auditing [standards--] standards.
          [(1)] (A) in the case of an agency having an 
        Inspector General appointed under chapter 4 of title 5, 
        by the Inspector General or by an independent external 
        auditor, as determined by the Inspector General of the 
        agency; and
          [(2)] (B) in any other case, by an independent 
        external auditor, as determined by the head of the 
        agency.
          (2) As part of each audit under this subsection, the 
        auditor shall--
                  (A) evaluate the design of the internal 
                control of the agency over financial reporting 
                and key financial information, as assessed and 
                reported on by the head of the agency under 
                section 3512(d)(2)(C) of this title;
                  (B) determine whether those controls have 
                been implemented;
                  (C) for controls that are properly designed 
                and implemented, perform sufficient tests of 
                those controls to conclude whether the controls 
                are operating effectively, including sufficient 
                tests to support a low level of assessed 
                control risk; and
                  (D) communicate controls that the auditor 
                concludes are not suitably designed and 
                implemented or are not operating effectively, 
                as appropriate under applicable generally 
                accepted government auditing standards.
          (3) Audits under this subsection shall be conducted--

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *

    (f) * * *
    (g) * * *
    (h) Each financial statement prepared by an executive 
agency for a fiscal year after fiscal year 1991 shall be 
audited in accordance with this section and the plan required 
by section [3512(a)(3)(B)(viii)] 3512(a)(3)(B)(viii) of this 
title.

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