[Senate Report 118-17]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]


                                                  Calendar No. 45

118th Congress}                                           { Report
                                 SENATE
 1st Session  }                                           { 118-17

======================================================================   
                     IMPACTT HUMAN TRAFFICKING ACT

                               __________

                              R E P O R T

                                 OF THE

                   COMMITTEE ON HOMELAND SECURITY AND

                          GOVERNMENTAL AFFAIRS

                          UNITED STATES SENATE

                              TO ACCOMPANY

                                 S. 670

              TO IMPROVE SERVICES FOR TRAFFICKING VICTIMS
                 BY ESTABLISHING, IN HOMELAND SECURITY
               INVESTIGATIONS, THE INVESTIGATORS MAINTAIN
               PURPOSEFUL AWARENESS TO COMBAT TRAFFICKING
            TRAUMA PROGRAM AND THE VICTIM ASSISTANCE PROGRAM

[GRAPHIC(S) NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT]


                  May 4, 2023.--Ordered to be printed
                  
                             __________

                                
                    U.S. GOVERNMENT PUBLISHING OFFICE                    
                          WASHINGTON : 2023                    
          
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------     
                  
        COMMITTEE ON HOMELAND SECURITY AND GOVERNMENTAL AFFAIRS

                   GARY C. PETERS, Michigan, Chairman
THOMAS R. CARPER, Delaware           RAND PAUL, Kentucky
MAGGIE HASSAN, New Hampshire         RON JOHNSON, Wisconsin
KYRSTEN SINEMA, Arizona              JAMES LANKFORD, Oklahoma
JACKY ROSEN, Nevada                  MITT ROMNEY, Utah
ALEX PADILLA, California             RICK SCOTT, Florida
JON OSSOFF, Georgia                  JOSH HAWLEY, Missouri
RICHARD BLUMENTHAL, Connecticut      ROGER MARSHALL, Kansas

                   David M. Weinberg, Staff Director
                    Zachary I. Schram, Chief Counsel
         Christopher J. Mulkins, Director of Homeland Security
               Katie A. Conley, Professional Staff Member
           William E. Henderson III, Minority Staff Director
              Christina N. Salazar, Minority Chief Counsel
          Kendal B. Tigner, Minority Professional Staff Member
                     Laura W. Kilbride, Chief Clerk
                     
                     

                                                  Calendar No. 45

118th Congress}                                           { Report
                                 SENATE
 1st Session  }                                           { 118-17

======================================================================                        
 
                     IMPACTT HUMAN TRAFFICKING ACT

                                _______
                                

                  May 4, 2023.--Ordered to be printed

                                _______
                                

 Mr. Peters, from the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental 
                    Affairs, submitted the following

                              R E P O R T

                         [To accompany S. 670]

      [Including cost estimate of the Congressional Budget Office]

    The Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental 
Affairs, to which was referred the bill (S. 670) to improve 
services for trafficking victims by establishing, in Homeland 
Security Investigations, the Investigators Maintain Purposeful 
Awareness to Combat Trafficking Trauma Program and the Victim 
Assistance Program, having considered the same, reports 
favorably thereon without amendment and recommends that the 
bill do pass.

                                CONTENTS

                                                                   Page
  I. Purpose and Summary..............................................1
 II. Background and Need for the Legislation..........................2
III. Legislative History..............................................4
 IV. Section-by-Section Analysis of the Bill, as Reported.............4
  V. Evaluation of Regulatory Impact..................................6
 VI. Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate........................6
VII. Changes in Existing Law Made by the Bill, as Reported............7

                         I. Purpose and Summary

    S. 670, the IMPACTT Human Trafficking Act, would enhance 
the Department of Homeland Security's (DHS) Homeland Security 
Investigations (HSI) efforts to combat human trafficking by 
codifying and expanding the HSI Victim Assistance Program (VAP) 
to provide services for trafficking victims. The bill would 
also establish a program to safeguard HSI employees and 
partners who are exposed to repeated stress and associated 
trauma in working with victims of human trafficking.\1\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \1\On August 3, 2022, the Committee approved S. 4611, to improve 
services for trafficking victims by establishing, in Homeland Security 
Investigations, the Investigators Maintain Purposeful Awareness to 
Combat Trafficking Trauma Program and the Victim Assistance Program, 
with an amendment to include a short title. That bill is substantially 
similar to S. 670. Accordingly, this committee report is, in many 
respects, similar to the committee report for S. 4611. See S. Rept. 
117-327.
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              II. Background and the Need for Legislation

    Human trafficking is the second largest criminal industry 
in the world, falling shortly behind the drug trade.\2\ This 
crime is a violation of human rights and involves either 
commercial sexual exploitation or forced labor.\3\ Human 
trafficking involves profiting from the exploitation of a human 
being and that exploitation may be repeated for a continued 
period of time. According to the U.S. National Human 
Trafficking Hotline, there were 16,658 victims of human 
trafficking identified through the hotline in 2020 alone.\4\ 
Human trafficking victims can be of any gender, age, race, 
ethnicity, nationality, religion, and socio-economic class. 
This increasingly prevalent crime is estimated to yield global 
profits of $150 billion every year.\5\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \2\U.S. Agency for International Development, Countering 
Trafficking in Persons (www.usaid.gov/trafficking) (accessed Nov. 30, 
2022).
    \3\Department of Homeland Security, Blue Campaign, Human 
Trafficking 101 (Apr. 2020) (https://www.dhs.gov/sites/default/files/
publications/ht_101_one-pager_.pdf).
    \4\Polaris Project, Human Trafficking Trends in 2020, An analysis 
of data from the U.S. National Human Trafficking Hotline (Jan. 2022) 
(polarisproject.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/Human-Trafficking-
Trends-in-2020-by-Polaris.pdf).
    \5\U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Countering Human 
Trafficking: Year in Review (October 2020 to September 2021 (Jan. 2022) 
(www.dhs.gov/sites/default/files/2022-02/CCHT%20Annual%20Report.pdf).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Since the creation of DHS in 2003, HSI has played a leading 
role in identifying victims of human trafficking and child 
exploitation, as well as bringing violators to justice.\6\ HSI 
pursues a victim-centered approach to human trafficking, 
seeking to minimize additional trauma, mitigate undue 
penalization, and stabilize and support victims.\7\ This 
approach encourages survivors to participate actively in 
investigations, enabling law enforcement to better detect, 
investigate, and prosecute perpetrators.\8\ It also requires 
significant efforts from the agents and specialists involved, 
who work tirelessly to bring perpetrators to justice in a way 
that ensures victims have sufficient support.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \6\U.S Immigration and Customs Enforcement, Investigations, Human 
Trafficking: Leading the Global Fight Against Human Trafficking 
(www.ice.gov/investigations/human-trafficking) (accessed April 28, 
2023).
    \7\U.S. Department of Homeland Security, DHS Center for Countering 
Human Trafficking (www.dhs.gov/dhs-center-countering-human-trafficking) 
(accessed Aug. 18, 2022).
    \8\Id.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    This bill codifies and enhances the VAP through which 
victim assistance professionals serve victims identified 
through HSI investigations. This bill would create additional 
Victim Assistance Specialist (VAS) positions to ensure every 
office participating in a human trafficking or child 
exploitation task force will have a dedicated VAS. Currently, 
there are only enough VASs to serve the largest field offices 
within HSI, leaving the majority of offices to rely on agents 
who are not professional VASs to provide victim assistance as a 
secondary responsibility alongside their criminal investigative 
work.\9\ The VAP and its expansion is essential to carrying out 
HSI's victim-centered approach. VASs provide victim support and 
referral to services throughout the investigative and 
prosecutorial process.\10\ Through this program, VASs also 
provide training and outreach to HSI employees, law enforcement 
and victim service partners, private sector stakeholders, and 
community organizations to increase identification of victims 
and referrals for human trafficking investigations.\11\ This 
bill would ensure that there are additional VASs to provide 
required trainings on victims' rights, victim-related policies, 
roles of forensic interviewers and VASs, and approaches that 
are victim-centered, trauma informed, and linguistically 
appropriate.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \9\DHS Center for Countering Human Trafficking, Homeland Security 
Investigations, Briefing with Senate Homeland Security and Governmental 
Affairs Staff (June 14, 2022).
    \10\U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, Victims Assistance 
Program (www.ice.gov/partnerships-centers/vap) (accessed Apr. 28, 
2023).
    \11\Id.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    The VAP provides forensic interview support that is crucial 
for successful investigations and aims to ensure victims are 
not retraumatized.\12\ It also provides training and technical 
assistance to agents and other law enforcement partners to 
ensure victims have access to the rights and services to which 
they are entitled. This bill would allow funds to be available, 
through the VAP, for emergency expenditures for items related 
to basic needs upon recovery of a victim, such as food, 
clothing, hygiene products, transportation, and temporary 
shelter. By making these funds immediately accessible, victims 
would receive these items in a more expeditious manner.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \12\Id.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Trauma experienced by human trafficking victims can be 
devastating and often involves extreme psychological and 
physical abuse at the hands of traffickers. Vicarious and other 
secondary trauma exposure occurs when those working with 
victims, including law enforcement officers, witness the 
initial recovery and observe first-hand the cruelty and 
violence the victim has endured; listen to victims recount 
vivid details of their victimization; are exposed to videos and 
images of severe exploitation; and witness the long road to 
recovery, which often includes regressive setbacks.\13\ This 
trauma can significantly affect the physical and emotional 
well-being of the law enforcement, forensic interviewers, 
service providers, and other professionals who are working with 
victims.\14\ According to the Department of Justice's Office of 
Victims of Crime, some of the common negative reactions of 
vicarious and other associated trauma include difficulty 
managing emotions; physical problems or complaints, including 
decreased resistance to illness; loss of a sense of meaning in 
life; relationship problems; aggressive or violent outbursts 
and behavior; destructive coping or addictive behaviors; and a 
combination of symptoms that comprise a diagnosis of 
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), among other 
reactions.\15\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \13\U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Victims of Crime, What is 
Vicarious Trauma? (ovc.ojp.gov/program/vtt/what-is-vicarious-trauma) 
(accessed Apr. 28, 2023).
    \14\Id.
    \15\Id.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    This bill would codify a program initiated at HSI in 2022 
to provide support to address such secondary trauma. The 
Investigators Maintain Purposeful Awareness to Combat 
Trafficking Trauma Program (IMPACTT) program was developed 
after agents working in the field and at the HSI Center for 
Countering Human Trafficking identified a significant need to 
address these issues.\16\ The IMPACTT program provides outreach 
and training to HSI employees and partners who have been 
exposed to vicarious trauma in working with victims of human 
trafficking.\17\ The bill requires the IMPACTT program to 
provide self-awareness training to those working with victims 
on recognizing the signs of burnout, stress, and vicarious 
trauma. This training must provide tools and resources for 
self-care and resilience. Additionally, training must be 
provided to first line supervisors of relevant employees on 
recognizing the aforementioned signs and providing the 
appropriate response.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \16\DHS Center for Countering Human Trafficking, Homeland Security 
Investigations, Briefing with Senate Homeland Security and Governmental 
Affairs Staff (June 14, 2022).
    \17\Id.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                        III. Legislative History

    Senator Peters (D-MI) introduced S. 670, the IMPACTT Human 
Trafficking Act, on March 7, 2023, with original cosponsors 
Senator Lankford (R-OK) and Senator Cornyn (R-TX). The bill was 
referred to the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental 
Affairs.
    The Committee considered S. 670 at a business meeting on 
March 29, 2023. During the business meeting, Senator Paul 
offered an amendment to the bill. The Paul amendment would have 
sunset both the IMPACTT program and the VAP after two years. 
The amendment also included a requirement for the Government 
Accountability Office to review both programs and provide 
reports on their effectiveness. It would have also required 
that emergency expenditures be purchased by other government 
agencies in addition to nongovernmental organizations before 
utilizing VAP funds, when available. Finally, the amendment 
would have prevented additional funds from being appropriated 
to carry out this bill and would have allowed DHS to carry out 
the bill using only previously appropriated funds. The Paul 
amendment was not adopted by voice vote, with Senators Peters, 
Hassan, Sinema, Rosen, Padilla, Ossoff, Blumenthal, Paul, 
Lankford, Romney, Scott, and Hawley present. The bill was 
ordered reported favorably by roll call vote of 12 yeas and 0 
nays, with Senators Peters, Hassan, Sinema, Rosen, Padilla, 
Ossoff, Blumenthal, Paul, Lankford, Romney, Scott, and Hawley 
voting in the affirmative, and with Senators Carper, Johnson, 
and Marshall voting yea by proxy, for the record only.

        IV. Section-by-Section Analysis of the Bill, as Reported


Section 1. Short title

    This section establishes the short title as the ``IMPACTT 
Human Trafficking Act.''

Section 2. Investigators Maintain Purposeful Awareness to Combat 
        Trafficking Trauma program

    Subsection (a) codifies the IMPACTT program at HSI, within 
U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE). The IMPACTT 
program, as codified, will provide outreach and training to HSI 
employees and partners who have been exposed to vicarious 
trauma in working with victims of human trafficking.
    Subsection (b)(1) requires, through the IMPACTT program, 
that self-awareness training be provided to the relevant 
employees on recognizing the signs of burnout, compassion 
fatigue, critical incident stress, traumatic stress, 
posttraumatic stress, secondary traumatic stress, and vicarious 
trauma. This training must include mechanisms of self-care, 
resilience, and resources available through the employee 
assistance program. This training must include notification 
about resources that are available through ICE, such as the 
Employee Assistance Program, Peer Support Program, and Chaplain 
Program, in addition to potential resources outside ICE, such 
as faith-based and community-based resources. Additionally, 
training must be provided to first line supervisors of relevant 
employees on recognizing the aforementioned signs and providing 
the appropriate response.
    Subsection (b)(2) requires that training modules be carried 
out by licensed and accredited clinicians or other subject 
matter experts who have been trained on the exposure of various 
forms of trauma and other stressors experienced in working with 
victims. Clinicians may have experience working with faith-
based or community-based organizations, counseling programs, or 
other social service programs.
    Subsection (b)(3) also charges the DHS Center for 
Countering Human Trafficking with overseeing the IMPACTT 
program to ensure training is offered to all relevant 
employees, appropriate program materials are distributed, and 
any needed travel and equipment is provided.

Section 3. Homeland Security Investigations Victim Assistance Program

    Subsection(a) amends Subtitle D of title IV of the Homeland 
Security Act of 2002 (6 U.S.C. Sec. 251 et seq.) by adding 
Section 447, Homeland Security Investigations Victim Assistance 
Program to the end of the existing section.
    Section 447 subsection (a) defines ``Forensic Interview 
Specialist'' as an interviewer who has specialized experience 
and training in conducting trauma-informed forensic interviews 
with victims of crime. It defines ``Victim'' as defined in the 
Victim's Rights and Restitution Act of 1990. It also defines 
``Victim Assistance Specialist'' as a victim assistance 
professional who has experience working with victims of crime 
in a service capacity and has been trained on the exposure of 
various forms of trauma and other stressors experienced in 
working with victims, and who may have experience working with 
local government and community-based organizations, including 
victim advocacy centers, child advocacy centers, child welfare 
agencies, faith-based organizations, and other social service 
programs.
    Section 447 subsection (b) of section establishes the HSI 
VAP.
    Section 447 subsection (c) provides HSI with VASs to serve 
victims identified through HSI investigations in every Special 
Agent in Charge Office and every office that participates in a 
human trafficking or child exploitation task force. The VAP is 
authorized to provide oversight, guidance, training, travel, 
equipment, and coordination to victim assistance personnel 
throughout the United States. VASs will provide training 
regarding victims' rights, victim-related policies, roles of 
forensic interviewers and VASs, and an approach that is victim-
centered, trauma-informed, and to the extent feasible, 
linguistically appropriate. This subsection also allows for 
emergency expenditures for items needed to assist identified 
victims in HSI investigations, including food, clothing, 
hygiene products, transportation, and temporary shelter, when 
not otherwise provided by a nongovernmental organization.
    Subsection (b) of the bill includes a technical amendment 
that amends Subtitle D of title IV of the Homeland Security Act 
of 2002 to replace ``Bureau of Border Security'' with ``U.S. 
Immigration and Customs Enforcement.''

Section 4. Annual report

    This section requires the Secretary of Homeland Security to 
submit a report to Congress no later than one year after 
enactment, and annually thereafter, that identifies the number 
of trainings provided through the IMPACTT program, the number 
of personnel who received such training, and the number of 
human trafficking victims assisted by the HSI VAP during the 
reporting period.

                   V. Evaluation of Regulatory Impact

    Pursuant to the requirements of paragraph 11(b) of rule 
XXVI of the Standing Rules of the Senate, the Committee has 
considered the regulatory impact of this bill and determined 
that the bill will have no regulatory impact within the meaning 
of the rules. The Committee agrees with the Congressional 
Budget Office's statement that the bill contains no 
intergovernmental or private-sector mandates as defined in the 
Unfunded Mandates Reform Act (UMRA) and would impose no costs 
on state, local, or tribal governments.

             VI. Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate


[GRAPHIC(S) NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT]


    S. 670 would establish the Investigators Maintain 
Purposeful Awareness to Combat Trafficking Trauma (IMPACTT) 
program, which would provide outreach and training to Homeland 
Security Investigations (HSI) employees who have been exposed 
to trauma while working with victims of human trafficking. The 
program would be overseen by the Center for Countering Human 
Trafficking within Immigrations and Customs Enforcement (ICE).
    S. 670 also would codify and expand ICE's Victim Assistance 
Program, which provides guidance on victim assistance, training 
and technical assistance, and case consultation in HSI 
investigations. The bill would require the agency to hire 
additional forensic interview and victim assistance 
specialists. Forensic interview specialists support HSI 
investigators in questioning potential victims of abuse and 
victim assistance specialists assess victims' needs and make 
referrals for support services. Finally, S. 670 would require 
the agency to submit an annual report to the Congress on the 
number of people served by both the IMPACTT and Victim 
Assistance Programs.
    CBO estimates that enacting S. 670 would cost $43 million 
over the 2024-2028 period. Such spending would be subject to 
the availability of appropriated funds. The costs of the 
legislation, detailed in Table 1, would fall within budget 
function 750 (administration of justice).

                 TABLE 1.--ESTIMATED INCREASES IN SPENDING SUBJECT TO APPROPRIATION UNDER S. 670
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                 By fiscal year, millions of dollars--
                                                      ----------------------------------------------------------
                                                        2023    2024    2025    2026    2027    2028   2023-2028
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Estimated Authorization..............................       0       9       9       9      10      10        47
Estimated Outlays....................................       0       7       8       9       9      10        43
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    S. 670 would require ICE to hire one forensic interview 
specialist and one victim assistance specialist for each 
Special Agent in the Charge Office. It also would require the 
agency to hire one victim assistance specialist for each HSI 
office participating in a human trafficking or child sexual 
exploitation task force. Using information from ICE on current 
personnel levels, CBO estimates that the agency would need an 
additional 25 staff to comply with the bill's requirements, for 
a total cost of $40 million over the 2024-2028 period.
    Using information from ICE, CBO estimates that it would 
also cost the agency $3 million over the 2024-2028 period for 
additional contracting and administrative costs to create new 
training materials for the IMPACTT program and to complete the 
reporting requirements.
    The CBO staff contact for this estimate is Jeremy Crimm. 
The estimate was reviewed by Chad Chirico, Deputy Director of 
Budget Analysis.
                                         Phillip L. Swagel,
                             Director, Congressional Budget Office.

       VII. Changes in Existing Law Made by the Bill, as Reported

    In compliance with paragraph 12 of rule XXVI of the 
Standing Rules of the Senate, changes in existing law made by 
the bill, as reported, are shown as follows (existing law 
proposed to be omitted is enclosed in brackets, new matter is 
printed in italic, and existing law in which no change is 
proposed is shown in roman):

HOMELAND SECURITY ACT OF 2002

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *


SEC 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *


Subtitle C--Miscellaneous Provisions

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *


[Sec. 422. Functions of Administrator of General Services.] Sec. 442. 
          U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement.

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *


Subtitle D--Immigration Enforcement Functions

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *


Sec. 446. Sense of Congress regarding construction of fencing near San 
          Diego, California.
Sec. 447. Homeland Security Investigations Victim Assistance Program.

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *


HOMELAND SECURITY ACT OF 2002

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *


TITLE IV--BORDER, MARITIME, AND TRANSPORTATION SECURITY

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *


Subtitle D--U.S. Immigration and Customs

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *


SEC. 442. [ESTABLISHMENT OF BUREAU OF BORDER SECURITY] U.S. IMMIGRATION 
                    AND CUSTOMS ENFORCEMENT.

    (a) Establishment [of Bureau].--
          (1) In general.--There shall be in the Department of 
        Homeland Security a bureau to be known as [the ``Bureau 
        of Border Security''] U.S. Immigration and Customs 
        Enforcement.
          (2) Assistant secretary.--The head of [the Bureau of 
        Border Security] U.S. Immigration and Customs 
        Enforcement shall be the Assistant Secretary of [the 
        Bureau of Border Security] U.S. Immigration and Customs 
        Enforcement, who--
                  (A) * * *
                  (B) * * *
          (3) Functions.--The Assistant Secretary of [the 
        Bureau of Border Security] U.S. Immigration and Customs 
        Enforcement--
                  (A) * * *
                          (i) * * *
                          (ii) * * *
                  (B) * * *
                  (C) shall advise the Under Secretary for 
                Border and Transportation Security with respect 
                to any policy or operation of [the Bureau of 
                Border Security] U.S. Immigration and Customs 
                Enforcement that may affect the Bureau of 
                Citizenship and Immigration Services 
                established under subtitle E, including 
                potentially conflicting policies or operations.
          (4) Program to collect information relating to 
        foreign students.--The Assistant Secretary of [the 
        Bureau of Border Security] U.S. Immigration and Customs 
        Enforcement shall be responsible for administering the 
        program to collect information relating to nonimmigrant 
        foreign students and other exchange program 
        participants described in section 641 of the Illegal 
        Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act of 
        1996 (8 U.S.C. 1372), including the Student and 
        Exchange Visitor Information System established under 
        that section, and shall use such information to carry 
        out the enforcement functions of [the Bureau] the 
        agency.
          (5) Managerial rotation program.--
                  (A) In general.--Not later than 1 year after 
                the date on which the transfer of functions 
                specified under section 441 takes effect, the 
                Assistant Secretary of [the Bureau of Border 
                Security] U.S. Immigration and Customs 
                Enforcement shall design and implement a 
                managerial rotation program under which 
                employees of such [bureau] agency holding 
                positions involving supervisory or managerial 
                responsibility and classified, in accordance 
                with chapter 51 of title 5, United States Code, 
                as a GS-14 or above, shall--
                          (i) gain some experience in all the 
                        major functions performed by such 
                        [bureau] agency; and
                          (ii) work in at least one local 
                        office of such [bureau] agency.
                  (B) Report.--Not later than 2 years after the 
                date on which the transfer of functions 
                specified under section 441 takes effect, the 
                Secretary shall submit a report to the Congress 
                on the implementation of such program.
    (b) Chief of Policy and Strategy.--
          (1) In general.--There shall be a position of Chief 
        of Policy and Strategy for [the Bureau of Border 
        Security] U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement.
          (2) Functions.--In consultation with [Bureau of 
        Border Security] U.S. Immigration and Customs 
        Enforcement personnel in local offices, the Chief of 
        Policy and Strategy shall be responsible for--
                  (A) making policy recommendations and 
                performing policy research and analysis on 
                immigration enforcement issues; and
                  (B) coordinating immigration policy issues 
                with the Chief of Policy and Strategy for [the 
                Bureau of] U.S. Citizenship and Immigration 
                Services (established under subtitle E), as 
                appropriate.
    (c) Legal Advisor.--There shall be a principal legal 
advisor to the Assistant Secretary of [the Bureau of Border 
Security] U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement. The legal 
advisor shall provide specialized legal advice to the Assistant 
Secretary of [the Bureau of Border Security] U.S. Immigration 
and Customs Enforcement and shall represent the [bureau] agency 
in all exclusion, deportation, and removal proceedings before 
the Executive Office for Immigration Review.

SEC. 443. PROFESSIONAL RESPONSIBILITY AND QUALITY REVIEW.

    The Secretary shall be responsible for--
          (1) * * *
          (2) inspecting the operations of U.S. Immigration and 
        Customs Enforcement and providing assessments of the 
        quality of the operations of [such bureau] such agency 
        as a whole and each of its components; and

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *


SEC. 447. HOMELAND SECURITY INVESTIGATIONS VICTIM ASSISTANCE PROGRAM.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
          (1) Forensic interview specialist.--The term 
        ``forensic interview specialist'' is an interview 
        professional who has specialized experience and 
        training in conducting trauma-informed forensic 
        interviews with victims of crime.
          (2) Victim.--The term ``victim'' has the meaning 
        given such term in section 503(e)(2) of the Victims' 
        Rights and Restitution Act of 1990 (34 U.S.C. 
        20141(e)(2)).
          (3) Victim assistance specialist.--The term ``victim 
        assistance specialist'' is a victim assistance 
        professional who--
                  (A) has experience working with victims of 
                crime in a service capacity;
                  (B) has been trained on the exposure of 
                various forms of trauma and other stressors 
                experienced in working with victims; and
                  (C) may have experience working with local 
                government and community-based organizations, 
                including victim advocacy centers, child 
                advocacy centers, child welfare agencies, 
                faith-based organizations, and other social 
                service programs.
    (b) In General.--There is established, in Homeland Security 
Investigations of U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, the 
Victim Assistance Program.
    (c) Functions.--The Victim Assistance Program shall--
          (1) provide oversight, guidance, training, travel, 
        equipment, and coordination to Homeland Security 
        Investigations victim assistance personnel throughout 
        the United States;
          (2) recruit not fewer than--
                  (A) 1 forensic interview specialist and 1 
                victim assistance specialist for each Homeland 
                Security Investigations Special Agent in Charge 
                office;
                  ``(B) 1 victim assistance specialist for--
                          ``(i) every Homeland Security 
                        Investigations office participating in 
                        a human trafficking task force; and
                          ``(ii) every Homeland Security 
                        Investigations office participating in 
                        a child sexual exploitation task force;
          (3) support Homeland Security Investigations regional 
        attache offices, to the extent necessary;
          (4) provide training regarding victims'' rights, 
        victim-related policies, roles of forensic interviewers 
        and victim assistance specialists, and an approach that 
        is--
                  ``(A) victim-centered;
                  ``(B) trauma-informed; and
                  ``(C) linguistically appropriate, to the 
                extent feasible; and
          (5) purchase emergency items that are needed to 
        assist identified victims in Homeland Security 
        Investigations criminal investigations, including food, 
        clothing, hygiene products, transportation, and 
        temporary shelter that is not otherwise provided by a 
        nongovernmental organization.

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *


                                  [all]