[Senate Report 118-142]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]


                                                      Calendar No. 294
118th Congress      }                                   {       Report
                                 SENATE
 1st Session        }                                   {      118-142

======================================================================



 
              SPRINGFIELD 1908 RACE RIOT NATIONAL MONUMENT

                                _______
                                

               December 20, 2023.--Ordered to be printed

                                _______
                                

         Mr. Manchin, from the Committee on Energy and Natural 
                   Resources, submitted the following

                              R E P O R T

                         [To accompany S. 384]

    The Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, to which was 
referred the bill (S. 384), to establish the Springfield 1908 
Race Riot National Monument in the State of Illinois, and for 
other purposes, having considered the same, reports favorably 
thereon with an amendment, in the nature of a substitute, and 
recommends that the bill, as amended, do pass.

                               AMENDMENT

    Strike all after the enacting clause and insert the 
following:

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Springfield 1908 Race Riot National 
Monument Act''.

SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS.

    In this Act:
          (1) Commission.--The term ``Commission'' means the 
        Springfield 1908 Advisory Commission established by section 
        3(h)(1).
          (2) Map.--The term ``Map'' means the map entitled 
        ``Springfield 1908 Race Riot National Memorial Proposed 
        Boundary'', numbered 687/148588, and dated February 2023.
          (3) National monument.--The term ``National Monument'' means 
        the Springfield 1908 Race Riot National Monument established by 
        section 3(a)(1).
          (4) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary of 
        the Interior.
          (5) State.--The term ``State'' means the State of Illinois.

SEC. 3. ESTABLISHMENT OF SPRINGFIELD 1908 RACE RIOT NATIONAL MONUMENT.

    (a) Establishment.--
          (1) In general.--Subject to paragraph (2), there is 
        established in the State the Springfield 1908 Race Riot 
        National Monument as a unit of the National Park System to 
        preserve, protect, and interpret for the benefit of present and 
        future generations resources associated with the Springfield 
        Race Riot of 1908 and the role of the Riot in the formation of 
        the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People.
          (2) Conditions.--The National Monument shall not be 
        established until the date on which the Secretary determines 
        that sufficient land has been acquired within the boundary of 
        the National Monument to constitute a manageable unit.
    (b) Boundaries.--
          (1) In general.--The boundary of the National Monument shall 
        be the boundary generally depicted on the Map.
          (2) Availability of map.--The Map shall be on file and 
        available for public inspection in the appropriate offices of 
        the National Park Service.
    (c) Acquisition Authority.--The Secretary may acquire land or 
interests in land located within the boundary of the National Monument 
by--
          (1) donation;
          (2) purchase with donated or appropriated funds; or
          (3) exchange.
    (d) Administrative Sites and Visitor Facilities.--To facilitate the 
administration of the National Monument, the Secretary may acquire or 
lease facilities for the administration of the National Monument and to 
provide visitor services outside the boundary, but within the vicinity, 
of the National Monument.
    (e) Administration.--
          (1) In general.--The Secretary shall administer the National 
        Monument in accordance with--
                  (A) this Act; and
                  (B) the laws generally applicable to units of the 
                National Park System.
          (2) Management plan.--Not later than 3 years after the date 
        on which funds are first made available to the Secretary for 
        the preparation of a management plan for the National Monument, 
        the Secretary shall prepare a management plan for the National 
        Monument in accordance with section 100502 of title 54, United 
        States Code.
    (f) Memorial.--The Secretary may accept the donation of a permanent 
memorial to the victims, survivors, and descendants of survivors of the 
Springfield Race Riot of 1908, to be located within the boundary of the 
National Monument.
    (g) Agreements.--The Secretary may enter into agreements with--
          (1) the city of Springfield in the State or other public or 
        private entities for the purpose of managing and operating 
        National Monument facilities for administration and visitor 
        services authorized under subsection (d); and
          (2) other public or private entities for the interpretation 
        of sites associated with the Springfield Race Riot of 1908 
        located within or outside the boundary of the National 
        Monument.
    (h) Springfield 1908 Advisory Commission.--
          (1) Establishment.--There is established an advisory 
        commission, to be known as the ``Springfield 1908 Advisory 
        Commission'', to advise the Secretary with respect to the 
        management and development of the National Monument.
          (2) Membership.--The Commission shall be composed of 11 
        members, to be appointed by the Secretary, of whom--
                  (A) 3 members shall reside in the city of Springfield 
                or Sangamon County in the State;
                  (B) 3 members shall be appointed after consideration 
                of recommendations submitted by the Governor of the 
                State;
                  (C) 3 members shall be appointed after consideration 
                of recommendations submitted by the Mayor of the city 
                of Springfield in the State; and
                  (D) 2 members shall be appointed who have experience 
                in the field of historic preservation or the purposes 
                for which the National Monument was established.
          (3) Term.--
                  (A) In general.--A member of the Commission shall be 
                appointed for a term of 5 years.
                  (B) Successors.--Notwithstanding the expiration of a 
                5-year term of a member of the Commission, a member of 
                the Commission may continue to serve on the Commission 
                until the date on which--
                          (i) the member is reappointed by the 
                        Secretary; or
                          (ii) a successor is appointed by the 
                        Secretary.
    (4) Chairperson.--The Commission shall have a Chairperson, who 
shall be elected by the members of the Commission.
    (5) Bylaws.--The Commission shall adopt such bylaws as the 
Commission considers necessary to carry out the duties of the 
Commission under this subsection.
    (6) Vacancies.--A vacancy on the Commission shall be filled in the 
same manner in which the original appointment was made.
    (7) Quorum.--A majority of the members of the Commission shall 
constitute a quorum.
    (8) Compensation.--
                  (A) In general.--Members of the Commission shall 
                serve without compensation.
                  (B) Travel expenses.--Members of the Commission shall 
                be allowed travel expenses, including per diem in lieu 
                of subsistence, at rates authorized for an employee of 
                an agency under subchapter I of chapter 57 of title 5, 
                United States Code, while away from the home or regular 
                place of business of the member in the performance of 
                the duty of the Commission.
    (9) FACA nonapplicability.--Section 1013(b) of title 5, United 
States Code, shall not apply to the Commission.
    (10) Termination.--The Commission shall terminate on the date that 
is 12 years after the date of enactment of this Act.

                                PURPOSE

    The purpose of S. 384 is to establish the Springfield 1908 
Race Riot National Monument in the State of Illinois.

                          BACKGROUND AND NEED

    On the evening of August 14, 1908, a two-day riot, which 
involved the intervention of both police and state troopers, 
began in Springfield, Illinois. The riot was fueled by rumors 
that two African American men were responsible for unrelated 
sexual assault and murder crimes, even though there was no 
evidence that either man was responsible for the crimes. Local 
white citizens gathered near the entrance of the city jail on 
the evening of August 14, 1908, demanding for the two suspects, 
without knowing that both had already been removed for their 
own safety. Once those gathered at the jail realized the 
suspects were no longer being held at the jail, they broke out 
into a violent mob. The mob was responsible for the death of 
several area residents as well as massive damage to African 
American- and Jewish-owned businesses and homes. The riot led 
to calls for a town meeting and eventually led to the 
organization of the National Association for the Advancement of 
Colored People in 1909.
    On August 20, 2022, the site was designated as the 30th 
addition to the African American Civil Rights Network, which 
recognizes the historical and national significance of a 
landmark event in the struggle for civil rights. In 2020, 
Congress passed the Springfield Race Riot Study Act of 2020 
(Public Law 116-260), which directed the National Park Service 
to undertake a special resource study of the site to further 
evaluate the eligibility of the site for potential designation 
as a National Monument. The study was transmitted to Congress 
on June 13, 2023.
    The National Park Service found that the Springfield Race 
Riot site meets all criteria necessary to be eligible for 
designation as a unit of the National Park System. The full 
study can be found at www.parkplanning.nps.gov.
    S. 384 follows on the recommendations of the National Park 
Service study and designates the Springfield 1908 Race Riot 
National Monument in the State of Illinois as a unit of the 
National Park System.

                          LEGISLATIVE HISTORY

    S. 384 was introduced by Senators Duckworth and Durbin on 
February 9, 2023. The Subcommittee on National Parks held a 
hearing on S. 384 on June 21, 2023.
    Similar legislation, S. 305 was introduced in the 117th 
Congress by Senators Duckworth and Durbin on February 8, 2021. 
The Subcommittee on National Parks held a hearing on S. 305 on 
September 21, 2022. Similar legislation, H.R. 1407, was 
introduced in the House of Representatives on February 26, 
2021, by Representative Davis and others. The House 
Subcommittee on National Parks, Forests, and Public Lands held 
a hearing on H.R. 1407 on April 1, 2021.
    In the 116th Congress, Senator Duckworth and Senator Durbin 
introduced similar legislation, S. 298, on January 31, 2019. 
The Subcommittee on National Parks held a hearing on S. 298 on 
June 19, 2019. On December 17, 2019, the Committee on Energy 
and Natural Resources ordered S. 298 reported favorably with a 
substitute amendment authorizing the National Park Service to 
conduct a special resource study of the site.
    Also in the 116th Congress, Representative Davis and others 
introduced similar legislation, H.R. 139, which directed the 
National Park Service to conduct a special resource study of 
the site. The House Subcommittee on National Parks, Forests, 
and Public Lands held a hearing on the bill on October 29, 
2019. H.R. 139 passed the House of Representatives on September 
21, 2020. The text of H.R. 139 was included in Title IV of 
Division G in the Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2021 
(Public Law 116-260).

                        COMMITTEE RECOMMENDATION

    The Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, in 
open business session on September 21, 2023, by a majority 
voice vote of a quorum present, recommends that the Senate pass 
S. 384, if amended as described herein.

                          COMMITTEE AMENDMENT

    During the consideration of S. 384, the Committee adopted 
an amendment in the nature of a substitute. The amendment 
incorporates National Park Service recommendations concerning 
the management of the national monument and makes other 
clarifying and conforming edits. The amendment is explained in 
detail in the section-by-section analysis, below.

                      SECTION-BY-SECTION ANALYSIS

    Section 1 provides the short title of the bill, the 
``Springfield 1908 Race Riot National Monument Act.
    Section 2 defines key terms used in the bill.
    Section 3(a) establishes the Springfield 1908 Race Riot 
National Monument (national monument) as a unit of the National 
Park System, at such time as the Secretary of the Interior 
(Secretary) acquires sufficient land within the boundary of the 
national monument to constitute a manageable unit.
    Subsection (b) provides that the boundary of the national 
monument shall be as depicted on the referenced map, and that 
the map shall be on file and available for public inspection in 
appropriate offices of the National Park Service.
    Subsection (c) authorizes the Secretary to acquire lands 
and interests in land within the boundary of the national 
monument by donation, purchase with donated or appropriated 
funds, or exchange.
    Subsection (d) states that the Secretary may acquire or 
lease park administration facilities and to provide visitor 
services in the vicinity of the national monument.
    Subsection (e) directs the Secretary to administer the 
national monument in accordance with the laws generally 
applicable to units of the National Park System. The subsection 
also requires the Secretary to prepare a management plan for 
the national monument within 3 years after the date funds are 
made available.
    Subsection (f) provides that the Secretary may accept the 
donation of a permanent memorial to honor the victims, 
survivors, and descendants of survivors of the Springfield Race 
Riot of 1908, to be located within the boundary of the national 
monument.
    Subsection (g) authorizes the Secretary to enter into 
agreements with the City of Springfield or other public or 
private entities for the purpose of managing and operating 
national monument facilities for administration and visitor 
services under subsection (d).
    Subsection (h) establishes a ``Springfield 1908'' Advisory 
Commission to advise the Secretary on the management and 
development of the national monument, and describes the 
membership and meeting requirements of the commission.

                   COST AND BUDGETARY CONSIDERATIONS

    The Committee has requested, but has not yet received, the 
Congressional Budget Office's estimate of the cost of S. 384, 
as ordered reported. When the Congressional Budget Office 
completes its cost estimate, it will posted on the internet at 
www.cbo.gov.

                      REGULATORY IMPACT EVALUATION

    In compliance with paragraph 11(b) of rule XXVI of the 
Standing Rules of the Senate, the Committee makes the following 
evaluation of the regulatory impact which would be incurred in 
carrying out S. 384. The bill is not a regulatory measure in 
the sense of imposing Government-established standards or 
significant economic responsibilities on private individuals 
and businesses. No personal information would be collected in 
administering the program. Therefore, there would be no impact 
on personal privacy. Little, if any, additional paperwork would 
result from the enactment of S. 384, as ordered reported.

                   CONGRESSIONALLY DIRECTED SPENDING

    S. 384, as ordered reported, does not contain any 
congressionally directed spending items, limited tax benefits, 
or limited tariff benefits as defined in rule XLIV of the 
Standing Rules of the Senate.

                        EXECUTIVE COMMUNICATIONS

    The testimony provided by the National Park Service at the 
Subcommittee on National Parks June 21, 2023, hearing on S. 384 
follows:

Statement of Michael A. Caldwell, Associate Director for Park Planning, 
  Facilities and Lands, National Park Service, U.S. Department of the 
                                Interior

    Chairman King, Ranking Member Daines, and members of the 
Subcommittee, thank you for the opportunity to present the 
Department of the Interior's views on S. 384, a bill to 
establish the Springfield 1908 Race Riot National Monument in 
the State of Illinois, and for other purposes.
    The Department strongly supports S. 384 with technical 
amendments.
    S. 384 would authorize the Secretary of the Interior 
(Secretary) to establish the Springfield 1908 Race Riot 
National Monument as a unit of the National Park System after 
meeting specified requirements. The bill includes authorities 
for land acquisition and administration that are commonly 
included in legislation establishing a unit of the National 
Park System. S. 384 would also authorize the Secretary to 
establish a memorial within the national monument, and it would 
establish an advisory commission to advise the Secretary with 
respect to the management and development of the National 
Monument.
    The establishment of this site as a unit of the National 
Park System would reflect the National Park Service's (NPS) 
recently completed special resource study of the race riot 
site, which concluded that the site meets all criteria 
necessary to be eligible for designation as a new unit. The 
Springfield Race Riot site contains the foundations of five of 
the dozens of homes that were destroyed during the 1908 riot 
that engulfed the city. The riot was a multi-day affair, 
started by a White mob, directed primarily against African 
American residents. The riot resulted in the lynching of two 
Black men, assaults on many more, damage to Black-owned and 
Jewish-owned businesses, and the destruction of whole 
neighborhoods. The riot, trials, and aftermath of the events in 
Springfield drew national attention to racial violence and 
sparked direct action by many civil rights leaders.
    The events in Springfield occurred in Abraham Lincoln's 
hometown, a few months before the centennial of his birth, and 
highlighted the lack of progress on race relations in America. 
In February 1909, civil rights leaders, in direct reaction to 
the Springfield riot, formed the National Negro Committee, 
which would later become the National Association for the 
Advancement of Colored People (NAACP). The Springfield Race 
Riot site is important for its association with the creation of 
the NAACP and its contributions to civil rights in America.
    In 2019, the NPS completed a reconnaissance survey of the 
site which provided a preliminary assessment of its national 
significance, suitability, feasibility, and need for NPS 
management, concluding that the site was likely to meet the NPS 
criteria for inclusion in the National Park System. 
Subsequently, pursuant to Public Law 116-139, the NPS conducted 
a full special resource study of the site confirming those 
findings.

                        CHANGES IN EXISTING LAW

    In compliance with paragraph 12 of rule XXVI of the 
Standing Rules of the Senate, changes in existing law made by 
the bill S. 384, as ordered reported.

                                  [all]