[House Report 118-931]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]


118th Congress }                                          { Report 
                        HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
  2d Session   }                                          { 118-931

======================================================================
 
                 MOTOR CARRIER SAFETY SCREENING MODERNIZATION 
                                    ACT

                                _______
                                

 December 19, 2024.--Committed to the Committee of the Whole House on 
            the State of the Union and ordered to be printed

                                _______
                                

   Mr. Graves of Missouri, from the Committee on Transportation and 
                Infrastructure, submitted the following

                              R E P O R T

                        [To accompany H.R. 3356]

    The Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure, to whom 
was referred the bill (H.R. 3356) to amend title 49, United 
States Code, with respect to employment screening for the motor 
carrier industry, and for other purposes, having considered the 
same, reports favorably thereon with an amendment and 
recommends that the bill as amended do pass.

                                CONTENTS

                                                                   Page
Purpose of Legislation...........................................     2
Background and Need for Legislation..............................     2
Hearings.........................................................     3
Legislative History and Consideration............................     4
Committee Votes..................................................     4
Committee Oversight Findings and Recommendations.................     5
New Budget Authority and Tax Expenditures........................     5
Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate........................     5
Performance Goals and Objectives.................................     5
Duplication of Federal Programs..................................     6
Congressional Earmarks, Limited Tax Benefits, and Limited Tariff 
  Benefits.......................................................     6
Federal Mandates Statement.......................................     6
Preemption Clarification.........................................     6
Advisory Committee Statement.....................................     6
Applicability to Legislative Branch..............................     6
Section-by-Section Analysis of the Legislation...................     6
Changes in Existing Law Made by the Bill, as Reported............     7

    The amendment is as follows:
    Strike all after the enacting clause and insert the 
following:

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

  This Act may be cited as the ``Motor Carrier Safety Screening 
Modernization Act''.

SEC. 2. SAFETY PERFORMANCE HISTORY SCREENING.

  Section 31150 of title 49, United States Code, is amended--
          (1) in subsection (a) by inserting ``and employment'' after 
        ``preemployment'' ;
          (2) in subsection (b)--
                  (A) in paragraph (2) by inserting ``operator or'' 
                before ``operator-applicant's''; and
                  (B) by inserting ``operator or'' before ``operator-
                applicant'' each place it appears; and
          (3) in subsection (c)--
                  (A) by inserting ``or employment'' after 
                ``preemployment'' each place it appears; and
                  (B) by inserting ``operator or'' before ``operator-
                applicant''.

SEC. 3. DATAQ IMPROVEMENT.

  Section 31150 of title 49, United States Code, is amended--
          (1) by redesignating subsection (d) as subsection (f); and
          (2) by inserting after subsection (c) the following:
  ``(d) Data Subject to Review.--Not later than 1 year after the date 
of enactment of the Motor Carrier Safety Screening Modernization Act, 
the Secretary shall ensure that during any period in which a safety 
violation is being contested, the report on such violation is labeled 
in a manner that indicates such violation is being contested in the 
Motor Carrier Management Information System and in any other relevant 
databases, including the Employment Screening Program, the Safety 
Measurement System, and Analysis and Information Online, until the 
review of the contested violation is complete.
  ``(e) DataQ Appeals Process.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
enactment of the Motor Carrier Safety Screening Modernization Act, the 
Secretary shall promulgate DataQ program participation guidelines that 
direct States and other Federal agencies receiving funds under the 
Motor Carrier Safety Assistance Program to provide for an appeals 
process by which--
          ``(1) following the conclusion of a request for data review, 
        an affected party may appeal the disposition of such review; 
        and
          ``(2) an appeal of such disposition is adjudicated in a 
        reasonable period of time by a person or persons other than the 
        person that issued the violation.''.

                         Purpose of Legislation

    The purpose of H.R. 3356, as amended, is to amend title 49, 
United States Code, with respect to employment screening for 
the motor carrier industry, and for other purposes.

                  Background and Need for Legislation

    The goal of H.R. 3356, as amended, is to improve commercial 
motor vehicle (CMV) safety by allowing commercial motor 
carriers to access the Federal Motor Carrier Safety 
Administration's (FMCSA's) voluntary Pre-employment Screening 
Program (PSP) for the records of both prospective and current 
employees, and authorizes a process for CMV operators to 
challenge data contained within their driving records. FMCSA's 
PSP was established pursuant to authority provided in P.L. 109-
59 and provides commercial motor carriers with electronic 
access to certain data contained within a prospective CMV 
operator's inspection and crash records as part of the initial 
hiring process. This data includes five years of CMV crash 
information and three years of recent serious safety 
violations, which include, but are not limited to, excessive 
speeding, reckless driving, and tailgating citations.\1\ 
Participation in the PSP by carriers and drivers is 
voluntary.\2\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \1\49 U.S.C. Sec. 383.51.
    \2\U.S. Dep't of Transp., FMCSA, Frequently Asked Questions, 
available at https://www.psp.fmcsa.dot.gov/psp/FAQ.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    A CMV operator's written consent is needed in order for 
motor carriers to access this information,\3\ and it can only 
be released in accordance with the Fair Credit Reporting 
Act.\4\ Additionally, a CMV operator may choose to receive free 
notifications whenever their PSP record changes, and may 
request copies of their record 24 hours a day for a small fee. 
Motor carriers must pay a fee in order to access an applicant's 
record.\5\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \3\Id.
    \4\49 U.S.C. Sec. 31150.
    \5\U.S. Dep't of Transp., FMCSA, Are You a Driver?, available at 
https://www.psp.fmcsa.dot.gov/psp/drivers.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    FMCSA has determined that carriers using PSP saw an eight 
percent reduction in crashes and a 17 percent reduction in out-
of-service events.\6\ Under current law, the PSP is only 
available to motor carriers during the initial hiring process 
and does not allow carriers to pay to access to the safety 
information for current employees. H.R. 3356, as amended, 
allows motor carriers to access the safety records of both 
prospective and current drivers.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \6\U.S. Dep't of Transp., FMCSA, Safety Analysis and Industry 
Impacts of the Pre-Employment Screening Program, (Oct. 2013), available 
at https://www.psp.fmcsa.dot.gov/pspApi/Documents/PSP Safety-Impact-
analysis-brief.pdf.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Commercial motor vehicle operators may be employed by 
multiple motor carriers in multiple jurisdictions. Access to 
comprehensive operator safety data impacts safety operations. 
Accessing the PSP may provide carriers with more ready access 
to the safety information that is currently only available to 
carriers on a state-by-state basis. H.R. 3356, as amended, 
authorizes carriers to access data, and make employment 
decisions based on that data, for both prospective and current 
drivers. Under current law, PSP only authorizes carriers to 
make hiring decisions based on the safety record of a 
prospective employee.
    FMCSA's DataQs program allows commercial motor vehicle 
operators to challenge inaccurate or misattributed roadside 
inspection and crash data.\7\ Currently, DataQs allows data 
challenges to be adjudicated by the law enforcement official 
who issued the original violation. However, the system does not 
provide an indication on an operator's record that the data is 
being challenged or under review, which in turn may lead to 
misperceptions regarding the accuracy of the data in the 
system. H.R. 3356 directs FMCSA to update the DataQs appeals 
process by creating a label for violations and crashes that are 
under review. Additionally, H.R. 3356 requires that challenges 
must be adjudicated by an official different than the official 
who issued the original violation.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \7\U.S. Dep't of Transp., DataQs Fact Sheet and User Roles, (Apr. 
2022), available at https://dataqs.fmcsa.dot.gov/DataQs/Data/
Factsheets/DataQs_Factsheet.pdf?v=1.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                                Hearings

    For the purposes of rule XIII, clause 3(c)(6)(A) of the 
118th Congress the following hearing was used to develop or 
consider H.R. 3356:
    On February 1, 2023, the Committee on Transportation and 
Infrastructure held a hearing entitled, ``The State of 
Transportation Infrastructure and Supply Chain Challenges.'' 
The hearing provided an opportunity for Members of the 
Committee to discuss the state of our Nation's transportation 
infrastructure, the implementation of the Infrastructure 
Investment and Jobs Act (IIJA) (P.L. 117-58) and received 
updates on North American supply chain challenges. Members 
heard testimony from Mr. Chris Spear, President and Chief 
Executive Officer of the American Trucking Associations (ATA); 
Mr. Ian Jeffries, President and Chief Executive Officer of the 
Association of American Railroads (AAR); Mr. Jeff Firth, Vice 
President of Hamilton Construction, on behalf of the Associated 
General Contractors of America (AGC); Mr. Roger Guenther, 
Executive Director of the Port of Houston; and Mr. Greg Regan, 
President of Transportation Trades Department, AFL-CIO (TTD). 
The witnesses testified about the need to address National 
supply chain policies, including surface transportation safety 
and efficiency challenges.

                 Legislative History and Consideration

    H.R. 3356, the Motor Carrier Safety Screening Improvement 
Act, was introduced in the United States House of 
Representatives on May 16, 2023, by Representative Garret 
Graves of Louisiana and referred to the Committee on 
Transportation and Infrastructure. Within the Committee on 
Transportation and Infrastructure, H.R. 3356 was referred to 
the Subcommittee on Highways and Transit. The Subcommittee on 
Highways and Transit was discharged from further consideration 
of H.R. 3356 on September 18, 2024.
    The Committee considered H.R. 3356 on September 18, 2024, 
and ordered the measure to be reported to the House with a 
favorable recommendation, with amendment, by a recorded vote of 
32 yeas to 31 nays.
    The following amendments were offered:
    An amendment in the nature of a substitute to H.R. 3356 
offered by Mr. Graves of Louisiana was AGREED TO by voice vote.

                            Committee Votes

    Clause 3(b) of rule XIII of the Rules of the House of 
Representatives requires each committee report to include the 
total number of votes cast for and against on each record vote 
on a motion to report and on any amendment offered to the 
measure or matter, and the names of those members voting for 
and against.
    Vote 52.
    Final passage: H.R. 3356, as amended.
    Yea 32; Nay 31.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                     Member                           Vote                    Member                    Vote
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Mr. Graves of MO................................            Y   Mr. Larsen of WA..................            N
Mr. Crawford....................................            Y   Ms. Norton........................            N
Mr. Webster of FL...............................            Y   Mrs. Napolitano...................            N
Mr. Massie......................................            Y   Mr. Cohen.........................            N
Mr. Perry.......................................            Y   Mr. Garamendi.....................            N
Mr. Babin.......................................            Y   Mr. Johnson of GA.................            N
Mr. Graves of LA................................            Y   Mr. Carson........................            N
Mr. Rouzer......................................            Y   Ms. Titus.........................            N
Mr. Bost........................................            Y   Mr. Huffman.......................            N
Mr. LaMalfa.....................................  ............  Ms. Brownley......................            N
Mr. Westerman...................................            Y   Ms. Wilson of FL..................            N
Mr. Mast........................................            Y   Mr. DeSaulnier....................            N
Mrs. Gonzalez-Colon.............................            Y   Mr. Carbajal......................            N
Mr. Stauber.....................................            Y   Mr. Stanton.......................            N
Mr. Burchett....................................            Y   Mr. Allred........................            N
Mr. Johnson of SD...............................            Y   Ms. Davids of KS..................            N
Mr. Van Drew....................................            Y   Mr. Garcia of IL..................            N
Mr. Nehls.......................................            Y   Mr. Pappas........................            N
Mr. Mann........................................            Y   Mr. Moulton.......................            N
Mr. Owens.......................................            Y   Mr. Auchincloss...................            N
Mr. Yakym.......................................            Y   Ms. Strickland....................            N
Mrs. Chavez-DeRemer.............................            Y   Mr. Carter of LA..................            N
Mr. Kean of NJ..................................            Y   Mr. Ryan..........................            N
Mr. D'Esposito..................................  ............  Mrs. Peltola......................            N
Mr. Burlison....................................            Y   Mr. Menendez......................            N
Mr. Van Orden...................................            Y   Ms. Hoyle of OR...................            N
Mr. Williams of NY..............................            Y   Mrs. Sykes........................            N
Mr. Molinaro....................................            N   Ms. Scholten......................            N
Mr. Collins.....................................            Y   Mrs. Foushee......................            N
Mr. Ezell.......................................            Y   Mr. Deluzio.......................            N
Mr. Duarte......................................            Y
Mr. Bean of FL..................................            Y
Ms. Maloy.......................................            Y
Mr. Kiley.......................................            Y
Mr. Fong........................................            Y
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

            Committee Oversight Findings and Recommendations

    With respect to the requirements of clause 3(c)(1) of rule 
XIII of the Rules of the House of Representatives, the 
Committee's oversight findings and recommendations are 
reflected in this report.

               New Budget Authority and Tax Expenditures

    With respect to the requirements of clause 3(c)(2) of rule 
XIII of the Rules of the House of Representatives and section 
308(a) of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 and with respect 
to requirements of clause (3)(c)(3) of rule XIII of the Rules 
of the House of Representatives and section 402 of the 
Congressional Budget Act of 1974, the Committee has requested 
but not received a cost estimate for this bill from the 
Director of Congressional Budget Office. The Committee has 
requested but not received from the Director of the 
Congressional Budget Office a statement as to whether this bill 
contains any new budget authority, spending authority, credit 
authority, or an increase or decrease in revenues or tax 
expenditures. The Chairman of the Committee shall cause such 
estimate and statement to be printed in the Congressional 
Record upon its receipt by the Committee.

               Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate

    With respect to the requirement of clause 3(c)(3) of rule 
XIII of the Rules of the House of Representatives, a cost 
estimate provided by the Congressional Budget Office pursuant 
to section 402 of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 was not 
made available to the Committee in time for the filing of this 
report. The Chairman of the Committee shall cause such estimate 
to be printed in the Congressional Record upon its receipt by 
the Committee.

                    Performance Goals and Objectives

    With respect to the requirement of clause 3(c)(4) of rule 
XIII of the Rules of the House of Representatives, the 
performance goal and objective of this legislation is to 
improve CMV safety by expanding access to FMCSA's voluntary 
safety data screening program for both prospective and current 
employees, while also establishing a process for drivers to 
challenge data on their driving records.

                    Duplication of Federal Programs

    Pursuant to clause 3(c)(5) of rule XIII of the Rules of the 
House of Representatives, the Committee finds that no provision 
of H.R. 3356 establishes or reauthorizes a program of the 
Federal government known to be duplicative of another Federal 
program, a program that was included in any report from the 
Government Accountability Office to Congress pursuant to 
section 21 of Public Law 111-139, or a program related to a 
program identified in the most recent Catalog of Federal 
Domestic Assistance.

   Congressional Earmarks, Limited Tax Benefits, and Limited Tariff 
                                Benefits

    In compliance with clause 9 of rule XXI of the Rules of the 
House of Representatives, this bill, as reported, contains no 
congressional earmarks, limited tax benefits, or limited tariff 
benefits as defined in clause 9(e), 9(f), or 9(g) of the rule 
XXI.

                       Federal Mandates Statement

    The Committee adopts as its own the estimate of Federal 
mandates prepared by the Director of the Congressional Budget 
Office pursuant to section 423 of the Unfunded Mandates Reform 
Act (Public Law 104-4).

                        Preemption Clarification

    Section 423 of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 
requires the report of any Committee on a bill or joint 
resolution to include a statement on the extent to which the 
bill or joint resolution is intended to preempt state, local, 
or tribal law. The Committee finds that H.R. 3356 does not 
preempt any state, local, or tribal law.

                      Advisory Committee Statement

    No advisory committees within the definition of Section 
5(b) of the appendix to Title 5, United States Code, are 
created by this legislation.

                  Applicability to Legislative Branch

    The Committee finds that the legislation does not relate to 
the terms and conditions of employment or access to public 
services or accommodations within the meaning of section 
102(b)(3) of the Congressional Accountability Act (Public Law 
104-1).

             Section-by-Section Analysis of the Legislation


Section 1. Short title

    This section provides that this bill may be cited as the 
``Motor Carrier Safety Screening Modernization Act.''

Section 2. Safety performance history screening

    This section amends section 31550 of title 49, United 
States Code, allowing motor carriers to access safety records 
for prospective and current drivers.

Section 3. DataQ improvement

    This section amends section 31150 of title 49, United 
States Code, by updating the DataQs process to notate when 
violations and crashes are under review and establishing an 
appeals process that requires challenges are adjudicated by a 
person other than who issued the original violation.

         Changes in Existing Law Made by the Bill, as Reported

    In compliance with clause 3(e) of rule XIII of the Rules of 
the House of Representatives, changes in existing law made by 
the bill, as reported, are shown as follows (existing law 
proposed to be omitted is enclosed in black brackets, new 
matter is printed in italic, existing law in which no change is 
proposed is shown in roman):

         Changes in Existing Law Made by the Bill, as Reported

  In compliance with clause 3(e) of rule XIII of the Rules of 
the House of Representatives, changes in existing law made by 
the bill, as reported, are shown as follows (existing law 
proposed to be omitted is enclosed in black brackets, new 
matter is printed in italics, and existing law in which no 
change is proposed is shown in roman):

                      TITLE 49, UNITED STATES CODE



           *       *       *       *       *       *       *
SUBTITLE VI--MOTOR VEHICLE AND DRIVER PROGRAMS

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *


PART B--COMMERCIAL

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *


CHAPTER 311--COMMERCIAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *


SUBCHAPTER III--SAFETY REGULATION

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *


Sec. 31150. Safety performance history screening

  (a) In General.--The Secretary of Transportation shall 
provide persons conducting preemployment and employment 
screening services for the motor carrier industry electronic 
access to the following reports contained in the Motor Carrier 
Management Information System:
          (1) Commercial motor vehicle accident reports.
          (2) Inspection reports that contain no driver-related 
        safety violations.
          (3) Serious driver-related safety violation 
        inspection reports.
  (b) Conditions on Providing Access.--Before providing a 
person access to the Motor Carrier Management Information 
System under subsection (a), the Secretary shall--
          (1) ensure that any information that is released to 
        such person will be in accordance with the Fair Credit 
        Reporting Act (15 U.S.C. 1681 et seq.) and all other 
        applicable Federal law;
          (2) ensure that such person will not conduct a 
        screening without the operator or operator-applicant's 
        written consent;
          (3) ensure that any information that is released to 
        such person will not be released to any person or 
        entity, other than the motor carrier requesting the 
        screening services or the operator or operator-
        applicant, unless expressly authorized or required by 
        law; and
          (4) provide a procedure for the operator or operator-
        applicant to correct inaccurate information in the 
        System in a timely manner.
  (c) Design.--The process for providing access to the Motor 
Carrier Management Information System under subsection (a) 
shall be designed to assist the motor carrier industry in 
assessing an individual operator's crash and serious safety 
violation inspection history as a preemployment or employment 
condition. Use of the process shall not be mandatory and may 
only be used during the preemployment or employment assessment 
of an operator or operator-applicant.
  (d) Data Subject to Review.--Not later than 1 year after the 
date of enactment of the Motor Carrier Safety Screening 
Modernization Act, the Secretary shall ensure that during any 
period in which a safety violation is being contested, the 
report on such violation is labeled in a manner that indicates 
such violation is being contested in the Motor Carrier 
Management Information System and in any other relevant 
databases, including the Employment Screening Program, the 
Safety Measurement System, and Analysis and Information Online, 
until the review of the contested violation is complete.
  (e) DataQ Appeals Process.--Not later than 1 year after the 
date of enactment of the Motor Carrier Safety Screening 
Modernization Act, the Secretary shall promulgate DataQ program 
participation guidelines that direct States and other Federal 
agencies receiving funds under the Motor Carrier Safety 
Assistance Program to provide for an appeals process by which--
          (1) following the conclusion of a request for data 
        review, an affected party may appeal the disposition of 
        such review;
          (2) an appeal of such disposition is adjudicated in a 
        reasonable period of time by a person or persons other 
        than the person that issued the violation.
  [(d)] (f) Serious Driver-Related Safety Violation Defined.--
In this section, the term ``serious driver-related violation'' 
means a violation by an operator of a commercial motor vehicle 
that the Secretary determines will result in the operator being 
prohibited from continuing to operate a commercial motor 
vehicle until the violation is corrected.

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *


                                  [all]