[House Report 118-910]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]


118th Congress }                                       { Rept. 118-910
                        HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
  2d Session   }                                       {    Part 1

======================================================================



 
                        WHITE OAK RESILIENCE ACT
                                _______
                                
               December 18, 2024.--Ordered to be printed
                                _______
                               
        Mr. Westerman, from the Committee on Natural Resources,
                        submitted the following


                              R E P O R T

                        [To accompany H.R. 5582]

    The Committee on Natural Resources, to whom was referred 
the bill (H.R. 5582) to provide for white oak restoration, and 
for other purposes, having considered the same, reports 
favorably thereon with an amendment and recommends that the 
bill as amended do pass.
    The amendment is as follows:
  Strike all after the enacting clause and insert the 
following:

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

  This Act may be cited as the ``White Oak Resilience Act''.

SEC. 2. WHITE OAK RESTORATION INITIATIVE COALITION.

  (a) In General.--The White Oak Restoration Initiative Coalition shall 
be established--
          (1) as a voluntary collaborative group of Federal, State, 
        Tribal, and local governments and private and non-governmental 
        organizations to carry out the duties described in subsection 
        (b); and
          (2) in accordance with the charter titled ``White Oak 
        Initiative Coalition Charter'' adopted by the White Oak 
        Initiative Board of Directors on March 21, 2023 (or a successor 
        charter).
  (b) Duties.--In addition to the duties specified in the charter 
described in subsection (a)(2), the duties of the White Oak Restoration 
Initiative Coalition are--
          (1) to coordinate Federal, State, Tribal, local, private, and 
        non-governmental restoration of white oak in the United States; 
        and
          (2) to make program and policy recommendations, consistent 
        with applicable forest management plans, with respect to--
                  (A) changes necessary to address Federal and State 
                policies that impede activities to improve the health, 
                resiliency, and natural regeneration of white oak;
                  (B) adopting or modifying Federal and State policies 
                to increase the pace and scale of white oak 
                regeneration and resiliency of white oak;
                  (C) options to enhance communication, coordination, 
                and collaboration between forest land owners, 
                particularly for cross-boundary projects, to improve 
                the health, resiliency, and natural regeneration of 
                white oak;
                  (D) research gaps that should be addressed to improve 
                the best available science on white oak;
                  (E) outreach to forest landowners with white oak or 
                white oak regeneration potential; and
                  (F) options and policies necessary to improve the 
                quality and quantity of white oak in tree nurseries.
  (c) Administrative Support, Technical Services, and Staff Support.--
The Secretary of the Interior and the Secretary of Agriculture shall 
make such personnel available to the White Oak Restoration Initiative 
Coalition for administrative support, technical services, and 
development and dissemination of educational materials as the 
Secretaries determine necessary to carry out this section.
  (d) Nonapplicability of Federal Advisory Committee Act.--Chapter 10 
of part I of title 5, United States Code, shall not apply to the White 
Oak Restoration Initiative Coalition.
  (e) Private Funding of White Oak Restoration Projects.--The Secretary 
of Agriculture may make funds available to the White Oak Restoration 
Initiative Coalition to carry out this section from the account 
established pursuant to section 1241(f) of the Food Security Act of 
1985 (16 U.S.C. 3841(f)).

SEC. 3. FOREST SERVICE PILOT PROGRAM.

  (a) In General.--The Secretary of Agriculture, acting through the 
Chief of the Forest Service, shall establish and carry out 5 pilot 
projects in national forests to restore white oak in such forests 
through white oak restoration and natural regeneration practices that 
are consistent with applicable forest management plans.
  (b) National Forests Reserved or Withdrawn From the Public Domain.--
At least 3 pilot projects required under subsection (a) shall be 
carried out on national forests reserved or withdrawn from the public 
domain.
  (c) Authority To Enter Into Cooperative Agreements.--The Secretary of 
Agriculture may enter into cooperative agreements to carry out the 
pilot projects required under subsection (a).
  (d) Sunset.--The authority under this section shall terminate on the 
date that is 7 years after the date of the enactment of this Act.

SEC. 4. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR WHITE OAK REVIEW AND RESTORATION.

  (a) Assessment.--
          (1) In general.--The Secretary of the Interior shall carry 
        out an assessment of land under the administrative jurisdiction 
        of the Department of the Interior, including fish and wildlife 
        refuges and abandoned mine land, to evaluate--
                  (A) whether white oak is present on such land; and
                  (B) the potential to restore white oak forests on 
                such land.
          (2) Use of information.--In carrying out the assessment under 
        paragraph (1), the Secretary may use information from sources 
        other than the Department of the Interior, including from the 
        White Oak Initiative and the Forest Service.
          (3) Report.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the 
        enactment of this section, the Secretary shall submit to 
        Congress, and make publicly available on the website of the 
        Department of the Interior, a report regarding the results of 
        the assessment carried out under this subsection.
  (b) Pilot Projects.--After the date on which the report required 
under subsection (a)(3) is submitted, the Secretary shall establish and 
carry out 5 pilot projects in different areas of land described in 
subsection (a)(1) to restore and naturally regenerate white oak.
  (c) Authority to Enter Into Cooperative Agreements.--The Secretary of 
the Interior may enter into cooperative agreements to carry out the 
pilot projects required under subsection (b).
  (d) Sunset.--The authority under this section shall terminate on the 
date that is 7 years after the date of the enactment of this Act.

SEC. 5. WHITE OAK REGENERATION AND UPLAND OAK HABITAT.

  (a) Establishment.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Agriculture (in this section 
referred to as the ``Secretary'') shall establish a non-regulatory 
program to be known as the ``White Oak and Upland Oak Habitat 
Regeneration Program'' (in this section referred to as the 
``Program'').
  (b) Duties.--In carrying out the Program, the Secretary shall--
          (1) draw upon the best available science and management plans 
        for species of white oak to identify, prioritize, and implement 
        restoration and conservation activities that will improve the 
        growth of white oak within the United States;
          (2) collaborate and coordinate with the White Oak Restoration 
        Initiative Coalition to prioritize white oak restoration 
        initiatives;
          (3) adopt a white oak restoration strategy that--
                  (A) supports the implementation of a shared set of 
                science-based restoration and conservation activities 
                developed in accordance with paragraph (1);
                  (B) targets cost effective projects with measurable 
                results; and
                  (C) maximizes restoration outcomes with no net gain 
                of Federal full-time equivalent employees; and
          (4) establish the voluntary grant and technical assistance 
        programs in accordance with subsection (e).
  (c) Coordination.--In establishing the Program the Secretary, acting 
through the Chief of the Forest Service, shall consult with--
          (1) the heads of Federal agencies, including--
                  (A) the Director of the United States Fish and 
                Wildlife Service; and
                  (B) the Chief of the Natural Resources Conservation 
                Service; and
          (2) the Governor of each State in which restoration efforts 
        will be carried out pursuant to the Program.
  (d) Purposes.--The purposes of the Program include--
          (1) coordinating restoration and conservation activities 
        among Federal, State, local, and Tribal entities and 
        conservation partners to address white oak restoration 
        priorities;
          (2) improving and regenerating white oak and upland oak 
        forests and the wildlife habitat such forests provide;
          (3) carrying out coordinated restoration and conservation 
        activities that lead to the increased growth of species of 
        white oak in native white oak regions on Federal, State, 
        Tribal, and private land;
          (4) facilitating strategic planning to maximize the 
        resilience of white oak systems and habitats under changing 
        climate conditions;
          (5) engaging the public through outreach, education, and 
        citizen involvement to increase capacity and support for 
        coordinated restoration and conservation activities for species 
        of white oak; and
          (6) increasing scientific capacity to support the planning, 
        monitoring, and research activities necessary to carry out such 
        coordinated restoration and conservation activities.
  (e) Grants and Assistance.--
          (1) In general.--To the extent that funds are available to 
        carry out this section, the Secretary shall establish a 
        voluntary grant and technical assistance program (in this 
        section referred to as the ``grant program'') to achieve the 
        purposes of the Program described in subsection (d).
          (2) Administration.--
                  (A) In general.--The Secretary shall enter into a 
                cooperative agreement with the National Fish and 
                Wildlife Foundation (in this subsection referred to as 
                the ``Foundation'') to manage and administer the grant 
                program.
                  (B) Funding.--After the Secretary enters into a 
                cooperative agreement with the Foundation under 
                subparagraph (A), the Foundation shall--
                          (i) for each fiscal year, receive amounts to 
                        carry out this subsection in an advance payment 
                        of the entire amount on October 1, or as soon 
                        as practicable thereafter, of that fiscal year;
                          (ii) invest and reinvest such amounts for the 
                        benefit of the grant program; and
                          (iii) otherwise administer the grant program 
                        to support partnerships between the public and 
                        private sectors in accordance with this 
                        section.
          (3) Application of national fish and wildlife foundation 
        establishment act.--Amounts received by the Foundation to carry 
        out the grant program shall be subject to the National Fish and 
        Wildlife Foundation Establishment Act (16 U.S.C. 3701 et seq.), 
        excluding section 10(a) of that Act (16 U.S.C. 3709(a)).
  (f) Sunset.--The authority under this section shall terminate on the 
date that is 7 years after the date of the enactment of this Act.

SEC. 6. CIVILIAN CONSERVATION CENTERS REFORESTATION ACTIVITIES.

  Section 147(d) of the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (29 
U.S.C. 3197(d)) is amended by adding at the end the following:
          ``(4) Reforestation activities.--Enrollees in Civilian 
        Conservation Centers may provide assistance in carrying out 
        reforestation of white oak and associated hardwood forest 
        reforestation projects on National Forest System land in 
        accordance with the land and resource management plan 
        applicable to such land pursuant to section 6 of the Forest and 
        Rangeland Renewable Resources Planning Act of 1974 (16 U.S.C. 
        1604).''.

SEC. 7. TREE NURSERY SHORTAGES.

  (a) In General.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the 
enactment of this section, the Secretary of Agriculture, acting through 
the Chief of the Forest Service, shall--
          (1) develop and implement a national strategy to increase the 
        capacity of Federal, State, Tribal, and private tree nurseries 
        to address the nationwide shortage of tree seedlings; and
          (2) coordinate such strategy with--
                  (A) the national reforestation strategy of the Forest 
                Service; and
                  (B) each regional implementation plan for National 
                Forests.
  (b) Elements.--The strategy required under subsection (a) shall--
          (1) be based on the best available science and data; and
          (2) identify and address--
                  (A) regional seedling shortages of bareroot and 
                container tree seedlings;
                  (B) regional reforestation opportunities and the 
                seedling supply necessary to fulfill such 
                opportunities;
                  (C) opportunities to enhance seedling diversity and 
                close gaps in seed inventories; and
                  (D) barriers to expanding, enhancing, or creating new 
                infrastructure to increase nursery capacity.

SEC. 8. WHITE OAK RESEARCH.

  (a) In General.--The Secretary of Agriculture may enter into a 
memorandum of understanding with a Tribe or institution, including a 
covered land grant college, to collaboratively conduct research on--
          (1) white oak genes with resistance or tolerance to stress;
          (2) white oak trees that exhibit vigor for the purpose of 
        increasing survival and growth;
          (3) establishing a genetically diverse white oak seeds bank 
        capable of responding to stressors;
          (4) providing a sustainable supply of white oak seedlings and 
        genetic resources;
          (5) improved methods for aligning seed sources with the 
        future climate at planting sites;
          (6) reforestation of white oak through natural and artificial 
        regeneration;
          (7) improved methods for retaining and increasing white oak 
        trees in forests;
          (8) improved methods for reforesting abandoned mine land 
        sites; and
          (9) economic and social aspects of white oak forest 
        management across land ownerships.
  (b) Consult.--In carrying out the research under subsection (a), the 
Tribe or institution, including a covered land grant college, that 
enters into the memorandum of understanding under such subsection may 
consult with such States, nonprofit organizations, institutions of 
higher education, and other scientific bodies, as the entity subject to 
such memorandum determines appropriate.
  (c) Sunset.--The authority under this section shall terminate on the 
date that is 7 years after the date of the enactment of this Act.
  (d) Covered Land Grant College Defined.--In this section, the term 
``covered land grant college'' means an 1862 Institution, an 1890 
Institution, or a 1994 Institution (as such terms are defined, 
respectively, in section 2 of the Agricultural Research, Extension, and 
Education Reform Act of 1998 (7 U.S.C. 7601)).

SEC. 9. USDA FORMAL INITIATIVE.

  (a) In General.--The Secretary of Agriculture, acting through the 
Chief of the Natural Resources Conservation Service and in coordination 
with the Chief of the Forest Service, shall establish a formal 
initiative on white oak to--
          (1) re-establish white oak forests where appropriate;
          (2) improve management of existing white oak forests to 
        foster natural regeneration of white oak;
          (3) provide technical assistance to private landowners to re-
        establish, improve management of, and naturally regenerate 
        white oak;
          (4) improve and expand white oak nursery stock; and
          (5) adapt and improve white oak seedlings.
  (b) Sunset.--The authority under this section shall terminate on the 
date that is 7 years after the date of the enactment of this Act.

SEC. 10. AUTHORITIES.

  To the maximum extent practicable, the Secretary of the Interior and 
the Secretary of Agriculture shall use the authorities provided under 
this Act and the amendments made by this Act in combination with other 
authorities to carry out projects, including--
          (1) good neighbor agreements entered into under section 8206 
        of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (16 U.S.C. 2113); and
          (2) stewardship contracting projects entered into under 
        section 604 of the Healthy Forests Restoration Act of 2003 (16 
        U.S.C. 6591).

                       Purpose of the Legislation

    The purpose of H.R. 5582 is to provide for white oak 
restoration, and for other purposes.

                  Background and Need for Legislation

    Quercus alba (white oak) is a preeminent hardwood uniquely 
found across more than 104 million acres in the Eastern part of 
the United States with significant habitat, economic, and 
cultural value. White oaks boast long lifespans, frequently 
surpassing 200 years and in some cases even reaching 500 years 
old. White oaks are considered a keystone species that play a 
critical role in supporting healthy forest ecosystems. They are 
especially important for wildlife, as a source of both food and 
habitat. White oaks host over 200 insect species, which are 
critically important for pollination and as a food source for 
birds and other animals. Many birds nest in white oaks, and the 
bark and cavities are popular among a number of forest dwelling 
bats.
    White oaks are also prized commercial trees, providing 
important wood products for furniture, flooring, and a 
multitude of other wood products. White oaks are famously known 
for being used to create barrels for wine and spirits, 
especially bourbon whiskey. Bourbon is an American-made whiskey 
that by the Code of Federal Regulations must be aged in new 
charred oak barrels. Unlike other oaks, white oak wood is 
almost entirely leakproof and allows less evaporation, which 
makes it ideal for whiskey and wine barrels. The unique 
properties of the wood are also credited with creating the 
distinct flavors in whiskey that make it such a sought-after 
spirit. White oaks provide 100 percent of bourbon's color and 
70 percent of its flavor.
    Unfortunately, experts believe the white oak population 
will drastically decline in the next 10 to 15 years without 
drastic intervention to encourage white oak regeneration. Due 
to a lack of necessary forest management practices and shifts 
in forest environments, the species' seedlings and saplings are 
not growing at a sustainable rate and roughly 75 percent of 
white oaks are classified as mature. There are simply not 
enough young stands of white oak to continue the important 
ecosystem benefits into the future. In the face of this looming 
shortage, the White Oak Initiative (WOI) formed in November of 
2017 with a focus on achieving long-term sustainability for 
this preeminent American hardwood. Similar to the Longleaf Pine 
Initiative, the WOI comprises a wide range of organizations, 
including conservation and land management agencies, forestry 
associations, industry representatives, private landowners, and 
academia. In 2021, under the direction of the WOI steering 
committee, the American Forest Foundation and the University of 
Kentucky released a science-based reported entitled ``Restoring 
Sustainability for White Oak and Upland Oak Communities: An 
Assessment and Conservation Plan.'' This report offered a 
comprehensive look at the long-term trajectory of white oak in 
America and offered strategies to help reverse the impending 
decline.
    H.R. 5582, the ``White Oak Resilience Act,'' would 
formalize the WOI by creating pilot programs for white oak 
regeneration and allowing private funding to be utilized for 
white oak management and reforestation. The legislation also 
enables the U.S. Forest Service (USFS) to enter into 
memorandums of understanding with land-grant institutions, 
including Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs), 
to conduct research on white oak. Finally, this legislation 
addresses the tree nursery shortage and encourages the use of 
existing authorities that foster collaboration.

                            Committee Action

    H.R. 5582 was introduced on September 20, 2023, by Rep. 
Andy Barr (R-KY). The bill was referred to the Committee on 
Natural Resources, and within the Committee to the Subcommittee 
on Federal Lands. The bill was also referred to the Committees 
on Agriculture, and Education and the Workforce. On November 
14, 2023, the Subcommittee on Federal Lands held a hearing on 
the bill. On March 12, 2024, the Committee on Natural Resources 
met to consider the bill. The Subcommittee on Federal Lands was 
discharged from further consideration of H.R. 5582 by unanimous 
consent. Chairman Bruce Westerman (R-AR) offered an Amendment 
in the Nature of a Substitute designated Westerman_ANS. The 
amendment in the nature of a substitute was agreed to by 
unanimous consent. The bill, as amended, was ordered favorably 
reported to the House of Representatives by unanimous consent.

                                Hearings

    For the purposes of clause 3(c)(6) of House rule XIII, the 
following hearing was used to develop or consider this measure: 
hearing by the Subcommittee on Federal Lands held on November 
14, 2023.

                      Section-by-Section Analysis


Section 1. Short title

    Section 1 names the bill the ``White Oak Resilience Act''.

Section 2. White Oak Restoration Initiative Coalition

    Section 2 establishes the White Oak Restoration Initiative 
Coalition, which encompasses a voluntary collaborative group of 
federal, state, Tribal, private, and non-governmental 
organizations to restore white oak. This section specifies that 
the Coalition should run in accordance with the White Oak 
Initiative Coalition Charter signed on March 21, 2023. Section 
2 tasks the Coalition with coordinating white oak restoration 
in the U.S. and making policy recommendations to inform federal 
and state agencies restoring white oak. Section 2 makes 
personnel of the Department of the Interior (DOI) and U.S. 
Department of Agriculture (USDA) available to assist the 
Coalition, waives the Federal Advisory Committee Act (FACA), 
and allows private funding to support the work of the 
Coalition.

Section 3. Forest Service pilot program

    Section 3 directs USFS to carry out five pilot projects to 
restore white oak in national forests, including three forests 
created from the public domain. USFS may use cooperative 
agreements to carry out restoration projects. The pilot program 
sunsets after seven years.

Section 4. Department of the Interior white oak review and 
     restoration

    Section 4 requires DOI to complete an assessment of its 
lands to identify where white oak is present and where the 
greatest opportunity for restoration exists. In doing so, DOI 
may use any source of information helpful (including state and 
university data). Section 4 requires DOI to submit this report 
to Congress within 90 days. Further, this section authorizes 
DOI to carry out five pilot projects on lands identified in the 
report as being suitable to restore and naturally regenerate 
white oak. DOI may enter into cooperative agreements to carry 
out these pilot projects. Section 4 sunsets after seven years.

Section 5. White oak regeneration and upland oak habitat

    Section 5 requires the Secretary of Agriculture to 
establish a non-regulatory program known as the ``White Oak and 
Upland Oak Habitat Regeneration Program.'' The program will 
identify, prioritize, and implement restoration and 
conservation activities for white oak and support a white oak 
restoration strategy. In carrying out the program, the 
Secretary will coordinate with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife 
Service, Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS), and 
states. Section 5 clarifies that the purposes of the program 
are to coordinate restoration and conservation activities, 
improve regeneration efforts, facilitate strategic planning, 
and increase scientific capacity.
    This section also allows USDA to provide voluntary grants 
and technical assistance by entering into a cooperative 
agreement with the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation 
(NFWF). Any amounts received by NFWF shall be subject to the 
National Fish and Wildlife Foundation Establishment Act. This 
section sunsets after seven years.

Section 6. Civilian Conservation Centers reforestation activities

    Section 6 amends the Workforce and Innovation and 
Opportunity Act by allowing Civilian Conservation Centers to 
reestablish and plant white oaks and other associated hardwoods 
on national forests.

Section 7. Tree nursery shortages

    Section 7 requires USFS to develop and implement a national 
strategy to increase the capacity of federal, state, Tribal and 
private tree nurseries within one year of the bill's enactment. 
Section 7 clarifies that the study must be based on the best 
available science and address regional shortages, regional 
reforestation opportunities, opportunities to enhance seedling 
diversity, and barriers to current nursery infrastructure.

Section 8. White oak research

    Section 8 allows the Secretary of Agriculture to enter into 
a memorandum of understanding with Tribes, land grant colleges, 
and HBCUs to conduct collaborative research on white oak. This 
research will cover white oak genes, tree vigor, diverse white 
oak seed banks, the sustainability of the supply of white oak 
seedlings, reforestation of white oak, and the best methods for 
reforesting abandoned mine lands. Section 8 also allows Tribes, 
land grant colleges, and HBCUs to work with other non-profits, 
institutions of higher education, and scientific bodies. 
Section 8 sunsets after seven years.

Section 9. USDA formal initiative

    Section 9 directs the Secretary of Agriculture to create a 
formal initiative on white oak at NRCS. This NRCS initiative 
will focus on reestablishing white oak forests, improving 
management of existing white oaks to foster natural 
regeneration, providing technical assistance to landowners, 
improving and expanding white oak nursery stock, and adapting 
and improving white oak seedlings. Section 9 sunsets after 
seven years.

Section 10. Authorities

    Section 10 encourages USFS and DOI to use Good Neighbor 
Authority and stewardship contracting to carry out projects 
authorized under this legislation.

            Committee Oversight Findings and Recommendations

    Regarding clause 2(b)(1) of rule X and clause 3(c)(1) of 
rule XIII of the Rules of the House of Representatives, the 
Committee on Natural Resources' oversight findings and 
recommendations are reflected in the body of this report.

           Compliance With House Rule XIII and Congressional 
                               Budget Act

    1. Cost of Legislation and the Congressional Budget Act. 
Pursuant to clause 3(c)(2) of House rule XIII and section 
308(a) of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974, and pursuant to 
clause 3(c)(3) of House rule XIII and section 402 of the 
Congressional Budget Act of 1974, the Committee has requested 
but not received from the Director of the Congressional Budget 
Office a budgetary analysis and a cost estimate of this bill.
    2. General Performance Goals and Objectives. As required by 
clause 3(c)(4) of rule XIII, the general performance goal or 
objective of this bill is to provide for white oak restoration, 
and for other purposes.

                           Earmark Statement

    This bill does not contain any Congressional earmarks, 
limited tax benefits, or limited tariff benefits as defined 
under clause 9(e), 9(f), and 9(g) of rule XXI of the Rules of 
the House of Representatives.

                 Unfunded Mandates Reform Act Statement

    An estimate of federal mandates prepared by the Director of 
the Congressional Budget Office pursuant to section 423 of the 
Unfunded Mandates Reform Act was not made available to the 
Committee in time for the filing of this report. The Chair of 
the Committee shall cause such estimate to be printed in the 
Congressional Record upon its receipt by the Committee, if such 
estimate is not publicly available on the Congressional Budget 
Office website.

                           Existing Programs

    Directed Rule Making. This bill does not contain any 
directed rule makings.
    Duplication of Existing Programs. This bill does not 
establish or reauthorize a program of the federal government 
known to be duplicative of another program. Such program was 
not included in any report from the Government Accountability 
Office to Congress pursuant to section 21 of Public Law 111-139 
or identified in the most recent Catalog of Federal Domestic 
Assistance published pursuant to the Federal Program 
Information Act (Public Law 95-220, as amended by Public Law 
98-169) as relating to other programs.

                  Applicability to Legislative Branch

    The Committee finds that the legislation does not relate to 
the terms and conditions of employment or access to public 
services or accommodations within the meaning of section 
102(b)(3) of the Congressional Accountability Act.

                Preemption of State, Local or Tribal Law

    Any preemptive effect of this bill over state, local, or 
tribal law is intended to be consistent with the bill's 
purposes and text and the Supremacy Clause of Article VI of the 
U.S. Constitution.

         Changes in Existing Law Made by the Bill, as Reported

  In compliance with clause 3(e) of rule XIII of the Rules of 
the House of Representatives, changes in existing law made by 
the bill, as reported, are shown as follows (new matter is 
printed in italics and existing law in which no change is 
proposed is shown in roman):

                WORKFORCE INNOVATION AND OPPORTUNITY ACT

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *
              
                     TITLE I--WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT
                               ACTIVITIES

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *

                         Subtitle C--Job Corps

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *

SEC. 147. JOB CORPS CENTERS.

  (a) Operators and Service Providers.--
          (1) Eligible Entities.--
                  (A) Operators.--The Secretary shall enter 
                into an agreement with a Federal, State, or 
                local agency, an area career and technical 
                education school, a residential career and 
                technical education school, or a private 
                organization, for the operation of each Job 
                Corps center.
                  (B) Providers.--The Secretary may enter into 
                an agreement with a local entity, or other 
                entity with the necessary capacity, to provide 
                activities described in this subtitle to a Job 
                Corps center.
          (2) Selection process.--
                  (A) Competitive basis.--Except as provided in 
                subsections (a) and (b) of section 3304 of 
                title 41, United States Code, the Secretary 
                shall select on a competitive basis an entity 
                to operate a Job Corps center and entities to 
                provide activities described in this subtitle 
                to the Job Corps center. In developing a 
                solicitation for an operator or service 
                provider, the Secretary shall consult with the 
                Governor of the State in which the center is 
                located, the workforce council for the Job 
                Corps center (if established), and the 
                applicable local board regarding the contents 
                of such solicitation, including elements that 
                will promote the consistency of the activities 
                carried out through the center with the 
                objectives set forth in the State plan or in a 
                local plan.
                  (B) Recommendations and considerations.--
                          (i) Operators.--In selecting an 
                        entity to operate a Job Corps center, 
                        the Secretary shall consider--
                                  (I) the ability of the entity 
                                to coordinate the activities 
                                carried out through the Job 
                                Corps center with activities 
                                carried out under the 
                                appropriate State plan and 
                                local plans;
                                  (II) the ability of the 
                                entity to offer career and 
                                technical education and 
                                training that has been proposed 
                                by the workforce council under 
                                section 154(c), and the degree 
                                to which such education and 
                                training reflects employment 
                                opportunities in the local 
                                areas in which enrollees at the 
                                center intend to seek 
                                employment;
                                  (III) the degree to which the 
                                entity demonstrates 
                                relationships with the 
                                surrounding communities, 
                                employers, labor organizations, 
                                State boards, local boards, 
                                applicable one-stop centers, 
                                and the State and region in 
                                which the center is located;
                                  (IV) the performance of the 
                                entity, if any, relating to 
                                operating or providing 
                                activities described in this 
                                subtitle to a Job Corps center, 
                                including information regarding 
                                the entity in any reports 
                                developed by the Office of 
                                Inspector General of the 
                                Department of Labor and the 
                                entity's demonstrated 
                                effectiveness in assisting 
                                individuals in achieving the 
                                primary indicators of 
                                performance for eligible youth 
                                described in section 
                                116(b)(2)(A)(ii); and
                                  (V) the ability of the entity 
                                to demonstrate a record of 
                                successfully assisting at-risk 
                                youth to connect to the 
                                workforce, including providing 
                                them with intensive academics 
                                and career and technical 
                                education and training.
                          (ii) Providers.--In selecting a 
                        service provider for a Job Corps 
                        center, the Secretary shall consider 
                        the factors described in clause (i).
          (3) Additional selection factors.--To be eligible to 
        operate a Job Corps center, an entity shall submit to 
        the Secretary, at such time and in such manner as the 
        Secretary may require, information related to 
        additional selection factors, which shall include the 
        following:
                  (A) A description of the program activities 
                that will be offered at the center and how the 
                academics and career and technical education 
                and training reflect State and local employment 
                opportunities, including opportunities in in-
                demand industry sectors and occupations 
                recommended by the workforce council under 
                section 154(c)(2)(A).
                  (B) A description of the counseling, 
                placement, and support activities that will be 
                offered at the center, including a description 
                of the strategies and procedures the entity 
                will use to place graduates into unsubsidized 
                employment or education leading to a recognized 
                postsecondary credential upon completion of the 
                program.
                  (C) A description of the demonstrated record 
                of effectiveness that the entity has in placing 
                at-risk youth into employment and postsecondary 
                education, including past performance of 
                operating a Job Corps center under this 
                subtitle or subtitle C of title I of the 
                Workforce Investment Act of 1998, and as 
                appropriate, the entity's demonstrated 
                effectiveness in assisting individuals in 
                achieving the indicators of performance for 
                eligible youth described in section 
                116(b)(2)(A)(ii).
                  (D) A description of the relationships that 
                the entity has developed with State boards, 
                local boards, applicable one-stop centers, 
                employers, labor organizations, State and local 
                educational agencies, and the surrounding 
                communities in which the center is located, in 
                an effort to promote a comprehensive statewide 
                workforce development system.
                  (E) A description of the entity's ability to 
                coordinate the activities carried out through 
                the Job Corps center with activities carried 
                out under the appropriate State plan and local 
                plans.
                  (F) A description of the strong fiscal 
                controls the entity has in place to ensure 
                proper accounting of Federal funds, and a 
                description of how the entity will meet the 
                requirements of section 159(a).
                  (G) A description of the steps to be taken to 
                control costs in accordance with section 
                159(a)(3).
                  (H) A detailed budget of the activities that 
                will be supported using funds under this 
                subtitle and non-Federal resources.
                  (I) An assurance the entity is licensed to 
                operate in the State in which the center is 
                located.
                  (J) An assurance the entity will comply with 
                basic health and safety codes, which shall 
                include the disciplinary measures described in 
                section 152(b).
                  (K) Any other information on additional 
                selection factors that the Secretary may 
                require.
  (b) High-performing Centers.--
          (1) In general.--If an entity meets the requirements 
        described in paragraph (2) as applied to a particular 
        Job Corps center, such entity shall be allowed to 
        compete in any competitive selection process carried 
        out for an award to operate such center.
          (2) High performance.--An entity shall be considered 
        to be an operator of a high-performing center if the 
        Job Corps center operated by the entity--
                  (A) is ranked among the top 20 percent of Job 
                Corps centers for the most recent preceding 
                program year; and
                  (B) meets the expected levels of performance 
                established under section 159(c)(1) and, with 
                respect to each of the primary indicators of 
                performance for eligible youth described in 
                section 116(b)(2)(A)(ii)--
                          (i) for the period of the most recent 
                        preceding 3 program years for which 
                        information is available at the time 
                        the determination is made, achieved an 
                        average of 100 percent, or higher, of 
                        the expected level of performance 
                        established under section 159(c)(1) for 
                        the indicator; and
                          (ii) for the most recent preceding 
                        program year for which information is 
                        available at the time the determination 
                        is made, achieved 100 percent, or 
                        higher, of the expected level of 
                        performance established under such 
                        section for the indicator.
          (3) Transition.--If any of the program years 
        described in paragraph (2)(B) precedes the 
        implementation of the establishment of expected levels 
        of performance under section 159(c) and the application 
        of the primary indicators of performance for eligible 
        youth described in section 116(b)(2)(A)(ii), an entity 
        shall be considered an operator of a high-performing 
        center during that period if the Job Corps center 
        operated by the entity--
                  (A) meets the requirements of paragraph 
                (2)(B) with respect to such preceding program 
                years using the performance of the Job Corps 
                center regarding the national goals or targets 
                established by the Office of the Job Corps 
                under the previous performance accountability 
                system for--
                          (i) the 6-month follow-up placement 
                        rate of graduates in employment, the 
                        military, education, or training;
                          (ii) the 12-month follow-up placement 
                        rate of graduates in employment, the 
                        military, education, or training;
                          (iii) the 6-month follow-up average 
                        weekly earnings of graduates;
                          (iv) the rate of attainment of 
                        secondary school diplomas or their 
                        recognized equivalent;
                          (v) the rate of attainment of 
                        completion certificates for career and 
                        technical training;
                          (vi) average literacy gains; and
                          (vii) average numeracy gains; or
                  (B) is ranked among the top 5 percent of Job 
                Corps centers for the most recent preceding 
                program year.
  (c) Character and Activities.--Job Corps centers may be 
residential or nonresidential in character, and shall be 
designed and operated so as to provide enrollees, in a well-
supervised setting, with access to activities described in this 
subtitle. In any year, no more than 20 percent of the 
individuals enrolled in the Job Corps may be nonresidential 
participants in the Job Corps.
  (d) Civilian conservation centers.--
          (1) In general.--The Job Corps centers may include 
        Civilian Conservation Centers, operated under an 
        agreement between the Secretary of Labor and the 
        Secretary of Agriculture, that are located primarily in 
        rural areas. Such centers shall provide, in addition to 
        academics, career and technical education and training, 
        and workforce preparation skills training, programs of 
        work experience to conserve, develop, or manage public 
        natural resources or public recreational areas or to 
        develop community projects in the public interest.
          (2) Assistance during disasters.--Enrollees in 
        Civilian Conservation Centers may provide assistance in 
        addressing national, State, and local disasters, 
        consistent with current child labor laws (including 
        regulations). The Secretary of Agriculture shall ensure 
        that with respect to the provision of such assistance 
        the enrollees are properly trained, equipped, 
        supervised, and dispatched consistent with standards 
        for the conservation and rehabilitation of wildlife 
        established under the Fish and Wildlife Coordination 
        Act (16 U.S.C. 661 et seq.).
          (3) National liaison.--The Secretary of Agriculture 
        shall designate a Job Corps National Liaison to support 
        the agreement under this section between the 
        Departments of Labor and Agriculture.
          (4) Reforestation activities.--Enrollees in Civilian 
        Conservation Centers may provide assistance in carrying 
        out reforestation of white oak and associated hardwood 
        forest reforestation projects on National Forest System 
        land in accordance with the land and resource 
        management plan applicable to such land pursuant to 
        section 6 of the Forest and Rangeland Renewable 
        Resources Planning Act of 1974 (16 U.S.C. 1604).
  (e) Indian Tribes.--
          (1) General authority.--The Secretary may enter into 
        agreements with Indian tribes to operate Job Corps 
        centers for Indians.
          (2) Definitions.--In this subsection, the terms 
        ``Indian'' and ``Indian tribe'' have the meanings given 
        such terms in subsections (d) and (e), respectively, of 
        section 4 of the Indian Self-Determination and 
        Education Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 450b).
  (f) Length of Agreement.--The agreement described in 
subsection (a)(1)(A) shall be for not more than a 2-year 
period. The Secretary may exercise any contractual option to 
renew the agreement in 1-year increments for not more than 3 
additional years, consistent with the requirements of 
subsection (g).
  (g) Renewal Conditions.--
          (1) In general.--Subject to paragraph (2), the 
        Secretary shall not renew the terms of an agreement for 
        any 1-year additional period described in subsection 
        (f) for an entity to operate a particular Job Corps 
        center if, for both of the 2 most recent preceding 
        program years for which information is available at the 
        time the determination is made, or if a second program 
        year is not available, the preceding year for which 
        information is available, such center--
                  (A) has been ranked in the lowest 10 percent 
                of Job Corps centers; and
                  (B) failed to achieve an average of 50 
                percent or higher of the expected level of 
                performance under section 159(c)(1) with 
                respect to each of the primary indicators of 
                performance for eligible youth described in 
                section 116(b)(2)(A)(ii).
          (2) Exception.--Notwithstanding paragraph (1), the 
        Secretary may exercise an option to renew the agreement 
        for no more than 2 additional years if the Secretary 
        determines such renewal would be in the best interest 
        of the Job Corps program, taking into account factors 
        including--
                  (A) significant improvements in program 
                performance in carrying out a performance 
                improvement plan under section 159(f)(2);
                  (B) that the performance is due to 
                circumstances beyond the control of the entity, 
                such as an emergency or disaster, as defined in 
                section 170(a)(1);
                  (C) a significant disruption in the 
                operations of the center, including in the 
                ability to continue to provide services to 
                students, or significant increase in the cost 
                of such operations; or
                  (D) a significant disruption in the 
                procurement process with respect to carrying 
                out a competition for the selection of a center 
                operator.
          (3) Detailed explanation.--If the Secretary exercises 
        an option under paragraph (2), the Secretary shall 
        provide, to the Committee on Education and the 
        Workforce of the House of Representatives and the 
        Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions of 
        the Senate, a detailed explanation of the rationale for 
        exercising such option.
          (4) Additional considerations.--The Secretary shall 
        only renew the agreement of an entity to operate a Job 
        Corps center if the entity--
                  (A) has a satisfactory record of integrity 
                and business ethics;
                  (B) has adequate financial resources to 
                perform the agreement;
                  (C) has the necessary organization, 
                experience, accounting and operational 
                controls, and technical skills; and
                  (D) is otherwise qualified and eligible under 
                applicable laws and regulations, including that 
                the contractor is not under suspension or 
                debarred from eligibility for Federal 
                contracts.

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