[House Report 118-703]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]


118th Congress }                                          { Report 
                        HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
  2d Session   }                                          { 118-703

======================================================================
 
                      VETERANS AFFAIRS PEER REVIEW
                         NEUTRALITY ACT OF 2023

                                _______
                                

 September 23, 2024.--Committed to the Committee of the Whole House on 
            the State of the Union and ordered to be printed

                                _______
                                

   Mr. Bost, from the Committee on Veterans' Affairs, submitted the 
                               following

                              R E P O R T

                        [To accompany H.R. 5794]

      [Including cost estimate of the Congressional Budget Office]

    The Committee on Veterans' Affairs, to whom was referred 
the bill (H.R. 5794) to amend title 38, United States Code, to 
eliminate conflicts of interest in conduct of quality 
management and administrative investigations by the Veterans 
Health Administration, and for other purposes, having 
considered the same, reports favorably thereon without 
amendment and recommends that the bill do pass.

                                CONTENTS

                                                                   Page
Amendment........................................................
Purpose and Summary..............................................     2
Background and Need for Legislation..............................     2
Hearings.........................................................     3
Subcommittee Consideration.......................................     3
Committee Consideration..........................................     3
Committee Votes..................................................     4
Committee Correspondence.........................................
Committee Oversight Findings.....................................     4
Statement of General Performance Goals and Objectives............     4
Earmarks and Tax and Tariff Benefits.............................     4
Committee Cost Estimate..........................................     4
Budget Authority and Congressional Budget Office Estimate........     4
Federal Mandates Statement.......................................     5
Advisory Committee Statement.....................................     5
Applicability to Legislative Branch..............................     5
Statement on Duplication of Federal Programs.....................     6
Section-by-Section Analysis of the Legislation...................     6
Changes in Existing Law Made by the Bill, as Reported............     6

                          Purpose and Summary

    Page H.R. 5794, the ``Veterans Affairs Peer Review 
Neutrality Act of 2023,'' was introduced by Representative 
Debbie Dingell of Michigan on September 28, 2023. The bill 
would require the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), to 
require employees involved in a peer review for quality 
management of care to recuse themselves if they have a conflict 
of interest, and would require each medical facility to develop 
procedures and guidelines for conducting final neutral review 
on peer review done at VA facilities. This bill would also 
prohibit individuals with certain peer review familiarity and 
conflicts of interest from serving as an administrative 
investigation board (AIB) member or as a factfinder.

                  Background and Need for Legislation


Section 1. Short Title

    This Act may be cited as the ``Veterans Affairs Peer Review 
Neutrality Act of 2023.''

Section 2. Elimination of Conflicts of Interest in Peer Review, 
        Administrative Investigation Boards, And Factfindings of 
        Veterans Health Administration

    A 2022 VA Office of Medical Inspector (OMI) 
investigation\1\ which uncovered misconduct at the Detroit, 
Michigan John D. Dingell VA Medical Center (Detroit VAMC) made 
clear the need for reforms in the VA peer review process. The 
report uncovered quality of care and review of care issues at 
the Detroit VAMC. The report concluded that quality assurance 
and quality management processes were ``being manipulated, 
preventing action from being taken to address quality 
concerns.'' OMI found ``multiple instances where external peer 
reviews were changed from a Level 3 Peer Review to a Level 1, 
with little or no documented rationale.''\2\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \1\Discussed in VA OIG Report, Review of VISN 10 and Facility 
Leaders' Response to Recommendations from a VHA Office of the Medical 
Inspector Report, John D. Dingell VA Medical Center in Detroit, 
Michigan, July 18, 2023, https://www.vaoig.gov/sites/default/files/
reports/2023-07/VAOIG-22-04099-153.pdf.
    \2\Per VHA Directive 1190, Peer Review For Quality Management, a 
Level 3 Peer Review rating identifies care which may have deviated from 
the standard of care, requiring further investigations, while a Level 1 
signifies circumstances where no deviation occurred, requiring no 
further investigation.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    OMI issued inspection findings that resulted in 12 
recommendations regarding provider oversight, surgical 
services, and quality reviews. One of the recommendations was 
to develop local procedures and guidelines to establish that a 
peer review committee member with a Level 3 review should be 
reassessed by a neutral peer review committee at a separate 
facility. This section would create a new section in Subchapter 
II of chapter 73 of Title 38 United States Code (U.S.C.) that 
would implement this recommendation for all VAMCs by 
incorporating an elimination of conflicts of interests in peer 
review, AIB, and fact-findings of the Veterans Health 
Administration (VHA).
    This section would also mandate that an individual withdraw 
themself from participating in a peer review for quality 
management if he or she has direct involvement with the care 
under review or if the individual is unable to conduct an 
objective, impartial, accurate, and informed review. In 
addition, this section would develop procedures for these peer 
review processes to be reviewed by an external VA facility to 
improve oversight.
    The Committee believes that this bill would be an important 
step in improving quality control, procedures, and 
investigations at VHA. These important processes are only able 
to improve quality when they are fully trusted. The Committee 
therefore believes that the bill would materially improve 
trust, accountability, and ultimately contribute to the 
minimization of adverse veteran patient outcomes within VHA.

                                Hearings

    On March 21, 2024, the Health Subcommittee held a 
legislative hearing on H.R. 5794. The following witnesses 
testified:
          The Honorable Chairman Mike Bost, U.S. House of 
        Representatives, 12th Congressional District, Illinois; 
        The Honorable Chris Deluzio, U.S. House of 
        Representatives, 17th Congressional District, 
        Pennsylvania; The Honorable Jack Bergman, U.S. House of 
        Representatives, 1st Congressional District, Michigan; 
        The Honorable Greg Murphy, U.S. House of 
        Representatives, 3rd Congressional District, North 
        Carolina; The Honorable Derrick Van Orden, U.S. House 
        of Representatives, 3rd Congressional District, 
        Wisconsin; The Honorable Nick LaLota, U.S. House of 
        Representatives, 1st Congressional District, New York; 
        The Honorable Debbie, Dingell, U.S. House of 
        Representatives, 6th Congressional District, Michigan; 
        The Honorable Lauren Underwood, U.S. House of 
        Representatives, 14th Congressional District, Illinois; 
        Dr. Ajit Pai, Executive Director, Office of 
        Rehabilitation and Prosthetics Services, Veterans 
        Health Administration; Dr. Michael Brenna, Executive 
        Director, Office of Construction and Facilities 
        Management, Veterans Affairs; Dr. Wendy Tenhula, Deputy 
        Chief Research and Development Officer, Office of 
        Research and Development, Veterans Health 
        Administration; Dr. David Perry, Chief Officer, 
        Workforce Management and Consulting, Veterans Health 
        Administration; Mr. Jon Retzer, Assistant National 
        Legislative Director, Disabled Americans Veterans; Mr. 
        Roscoe Butler, Senior Health Policy Advisor, Paralyzed 
        Veterans of America; Ms. Brittany Elliot, Veteran 
        (USMC), Advocate; Ms. Melissa Bryant, Chair, Board of 
        Directors, Minority Veterans of America.
    The following individuals and organizations submitted 
statements for the record:
          Wounded Warrior Project, Treat Now, Superior 
        Ambulance.

                       Subcommittee Consideration

    On April 16, 2024, the Health subcommittee met in an open 
markup session, a quorum being present, and ordered H.R. 5794 
to be reported favorably to the Full Committee by voice vote.

                        Committee Consideration

    On May 1, 2024, the Full Committee met in open markup 
session, a quorum being present, and ordered H.R. 5794, be 
reported favorably to the House of Representatives by voice 
vote.
    A motion by Ranking Member Takano of California to report 
H.R. 5794 favorably to the House of Representatives was agreed 
to by voice vote.

                            Committee Votes

    In compliance with clause 3(b) of rule XIII of the Rules of 
the House of Representatives, no recorded votes were taken with 
ordering H.R. 5794 to the House.

                      Committee Oversight Findings

    In compliance with clause 3(c)(1) of rule XIII and clause 
(2)(b)(1) of rule X of the Rules of the House of 
Representatives, the Committee's oversight findings and 
recommendations are reflected in the descriptive portions of 
this report.

         Statement of General Performance Goals and Objectives

    In accordance with clause 3(c)(4) of rule XIII of the Rules 
of the House of Representatives, the Committee's performance 
goals and objectives of H.R. 5794 are to establish unbiased 
peer review, AIB, and factfinding procedures at VHA.

                  Earmarks and Tax and Tariff Benefits

    H.R. 5794 does not contain any Congressional earmarks, 
limited tax benefits, or limited tariff benefits as defined in 
clause 9 of rule XXI of the Rules of the House of 
Representatives.

                        Committee Cost Estimate

    The Committee adopts as its own the cost estimate of H.R. 
5794 prepared by the Director of the Congressional Budget 
Office.

     Budget Authority and Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate

    Pursuant to clause (3)(c)(3) of rule XIII of the Rules of 
the House of Representatives, the following is the cost 
estimate for H.R. 5794 provided by the Congressional Budget 
Office pursuant to section 402 of the Congressional Budget Act 
of 1974:




    No H.R. 5794 would require the Department of Veterans 
Affairs (VA) to reduce conflicts of interest during internal 
investigations conducted by the Veterans Health Administration. 
In particular, the bill would require VA employees to recuse 
themselves from investigations if they have a conflict of 
interest or cannot otherwise conduct an impartial review. It 
also would require that final reviews of investigations that 
involve members of a peer-review committee at a medical 
facility be conducted by a committee composed of members at a 
different facility.
    According to VA, many of the requirements of H.R. 5794 are 
being satisfied under current VA guidelines and any changes to 
current VA administrative procedures would have no cost. On 
that basis, CBO estimates that implementing H.R. 5794 would not 
affect the federal budget.
    The CBO staff contact for this estimate is Matt Schmit. The 
estimate was reviewed by Christina Hawley Anthony, Deputy 
Director of Budget Analysis.
                                         Phillip L. Swagel,
                             Director, Congressional Budget Office.

                       Federal Mandates Statement

    Section 423 of the Congressional Budget and Impoundment 
Control Act (as amended by Section 101(a)(2) of the Unfunded 
Mandate Reform Act, P.L. 104-4), is inapplicable to H.R. 5794.

                      Advisory Committee Statement

    No advisory committees within the meaning of section 5(b) 
of the Federal Advisory Committee Act would be created by H.R. 
5794.

                  Applicability to Legislative Branch

    The Committee finds that H.R. 5794 does not relate to the 
terms and conditions of employment or access to public services 
or accommodation within the meaning of section 102(b)(3) of the 
Congressional Accountability Act.

              Statement on Duplication of Federal Programs

    Pursuant to clause 3(c)(5) of rule XIII of the Rules of the 
House of Representatives, the Committee finds that no provision 
of H.R. 5794 establishes or reauthorizes a program of the 
Federal Government known to be duplicative of another Federal 
program, a program that was included in any report from the 
Government Accountability Office to Congress pursuant to 
section 21 of Public Law 111-139, or a program related to a 
program identified in the most recent Catalog of Federal 
Domestic Assistance.

             Section-by-Section Analysis of the Legislation


Section 1. Short title

    Section 1 would establish the short title as the ``Veterans 
Affairs Peer Review Neutrality Act of 2023''.

Section 2. Elimination of conflicts of interest in peer review, 
        administrative investigation boards, and factfindings of 
        Veterans Health Administration

    Section 2 would amend Subchapter II of Chapter 73 of Title 
38 United States Code by inserting a new section: 7311B, 
Elimination of conflicts of interest in peer review, 
administrative investigation boards, and factfindings of 
Veteran Health Administration. This section would require 
individuals who are responsible for quality management of the 
care that is provided by VA, as well as each member of a peer 
review committee regarding quality management of care, to 
withdraw themselves from participation in a case review if the 
individual has direct involvement with the care under review or 
if the individual is unable to conduct an objective, impartial, 
accurate, and informed review.
    This section would also require each VA medical facility to 
develop procedures and guidelines to require that any initial 
peer review for quality management that is conducted, with 
respect to care provided by a provider who is part of a peer 
review committee for that facility, be evaluated, discussed, 
and assigned a final level review by a neutral peer review 
committee at another VA facility.
    Additionally, this section would clarify that individuals 
with knowledge of confidential quality assurance information 
specific to a matter under investigation by an AIB board, with 
respect to quality management of care provided by a health care 
provider at a VA facility, would not serve on the AIB board, or 
as fact finder, or disclose such information to an AIB board or 
factfinder. Each member of an AIB board or factfinder would not 
have any personal interest or other bias concerning the 
investigation being conducted or have any direct involvement in 
maters being investigated, or have a supervisory, or personal 
relationships with the subject being investigated. If a member 
of an AIB board or factfinder is found to have the above-
mentioned relationships, the member would be required to inform 
the authority responsible for the investigation and recuse 
themselves from such matters.

         Changes in Existing Law Made by the Bill, as Reported

    In compliance with clause 3(e) of rule XIII of the Rules of 
the House of Representatives, changes in existing law made by 
the bill, as reported, are shown as follows (existing law 
proposed to be omitted is enclosed in black brackets, new 
matter is printed in italics, existing law in which no change 
is proposed is shown in roman):

         Changes in Existing Law Made by the Bill, as Reported

  In compliance with clause 3(e) of rule XIII of the Rules of 
the House of Representatives, changes in existing law made by 
the bill, as reported, are shown as follows (new matter is 
printed in italics and existing law in which no change is 
proposed is shown in roman):

                      TITLE 38, UNITED STATES CODE



           *       *       *       *       *       *       *
PART V--BOARDS, ADMINISTRATIONS, AND SERVICES

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *


 CHAPTER 73--VETERANS HEALTH ADMINISTRATION--ORGANIZATION AND FUNCTIONS

                       SUBCHAPTER I--ORGANIZATION

Sec.
7301. Functions of Veterans Health Administration: in general.
     * * * * * * *

           SUBCHAPTER II--GENERAL AUTHORITY AND ADMINISTRATION

     * * * * * * *
7311B. Elimination of conflicts of interest in peer review, 
          administrative investigation boards, and factfindings of 
          Veterans Health Administration.

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *


SUBCHAPTER II--GENERAL AUTHORITY AND ADMINISTRATION

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *


Sec. 7311B. Elimination of conflicts of interest in peer review, 
                    administrative investigation boards, and 
                    factfindings of Veterans Health Administration

  (a) Peer Review.--
          (1) In general.--Each individual responsible for 
        conducting peer review for quality management of care 
        provided by a health care provider at a medical 
        facility of the Department and each member of a peer 
        review committee with respect to quality management of 
        such care shall withdraw from participation in a case 
        review if--
                  (A) the individual has direct involvement 
                with the care under review; or
                  (B) the individual is unable to conduct an 
                objective, impartial, accurate, and informed 
                review.
          (2) Neutral assessment of conduct of committee 
        members.--Each medical facility of the Department shall 
        develop procedures and guidelines for that facility to 
        require that any initial peer review for quality 
        management that is conducted with respect to care 
        provided by a health care provider who is a member of 
        the peer review committee for that facility be 
        evaluated, discussed, and assigned a final level review 
        by a neutral peer review committee at another facility 
        of the Department.
  (b) Administrative Investigation Boards and Factfindings.--
          (1) Knowledge of confidential information.--
        Individuals with knowledge of confidential quality 
        assurance information specific to a matter under 
        investigation by an administrative investigation board 
        or factfinder with respect to quality management of 
        care provided by a health care provider at a medical 
        facility of the Department may not--
                  (A) serve on the administrative investigation 
                board or as a factfinder; or
                  (B) disclose such information to an 
                administrative investigation board or a 
                factfinder.
          (2) Personal interest, involvement, or 
        relationship.--
                  (A) In general.--The Secretary shall ensure 
                that each member of an administrative 
                investigative board or factfinder does not 
                have--
                          (i) any personal interest or other 
                        bias concerning the investigation being 
                        conducted;
                          (ii) direct involvement in matters 
                        being investigated; or
                          (iii) a supervisory or personal 
                        relationship with the subject of the 
                        investigation.
                  (B) Recusal.--If a potential member of an 
                administrative investigative board or 
                factfinder has a personal interest or other 
                bias concerning the investigation being 
                conducted, direct involvement in matters being 
                investigated, or a supervisory or personal 
                relationship with the subject of the 
                investigation, the potential member shall 
                inform the authority responsible for the 
                investigation and recuse themselves from such 
                matter.

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *


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