[Senate Report 117-87]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]


                                                     Calendar No. 295
117th Congress      }                                  {       Report
                                 SENATE
 2d Session         }                                  {       117-87

======================================================================



 
    BROWN V. BOARD OF EDUCATION NATIONAL HISTORIC SITE EXPANSION ACT

                                _______
                                

                 March 2, 2022.--Ordered to be printed

                                _______
                                

         Mr. Manchin, from the Committee on Energy and Natural
                   Resources, submitted the following

                              R E P O R T

                         [To accompany S. 270]

    The Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, to which was 
referred the bill (S. 270), to amend the Act entitled ``Act to 
provide for the establishment of the Brown v. Board of 
Education National Historic Site in the State of Kansas, and 
for other purposes'' to provide for inclusion of additional 
related sites in the National Park System, and for other 
purposes, having considered the same, reports favorably thereon 
with an amendment and recommends that the bill, as amended, do 
pass.

                               Amendment

    The amendment is as follows:
    At the end, add the following:

SEC. 3. REDESIGNATION OF THE BROWN V. BOARD OF EDUCATION NATIONAL 
                    HISTORICAL PARK.

    (a) In General.--The Brown v. Board of Education National 
Historic Site established by section 103(a) of Public Law 102-
525 (54 U.S.C. 320101 note; 106 Stat. 3439) shall be known and 
designated as the ``Brown v. Board of Education National 
Historical Park''.
    (b) References.--Any reference in any law, regulation, 
document, record, map, or other paper of the United States to 
the Brown v. Board of Education National Historic Site shall be 
considered to be a reference to the ``Brown v. Board of 
Education National Historical Park''.

                                Purpose

    The purpose of S. 270 is to include Summerton High School 
in Clarendon County, South Carolina, within the boundary of the 
Brown v. Board of Education National Historic Site in Kansas 
and to designate additional sites associated with the other 
cases in Virginia, Delaware, and Washington, DC, that were 
consolidated into the Supreme Court's landmark Brown decision 
in 1954 as National Park System affiliated areas.

                          Background and Need

    The 1954 landmark U.S. Supreme Court case that came to be 
known as Brown v. Board of Education was actually the 
consolidation of five separate cases that were heard by the 
Court concerning the issue of segregation in public schools. 
These cases were Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka 
(Kansas); Briggs v. Elliot (South Carolina); Davis v. Board of 
Education of Prince Edward County (Virginia); Bolling v. Sharpe 
(Washington, DC); and Gebhart v. Ethel (Delaware). While the 
facts of each case were different, the main issue in each was 
the constitutionality of state-sponsored segregation in public 
schools. When the cases came before the Supreme Court in 1952, 
the Court consolidated all five cases under the name of Brown 
v. Board of Education.
    In 1992, Congress enacted Public Law 102-525, which 
established the Brown v. Board of Education National Historic 
Site in Topeka, Kansas, as a unit of the National Park System. 
The purposes of the park designation included preserving, 
protecting, and interpreting ``for the benefit and enjoyment of 
present and future generations, the places that contributed 
materially to the landmark United States Supreme Court decision 
that brought an end to segregation in public education, and to 
interpret the integral role of the Brown v. Board of Education 
case in the civil rights movement.'' Public Law 102-525, sec. 
102(b).
    However, the original national historic site designation 
did not include protection or interpretation of the other sites 
that were an integral part of the Brown v. Board of Education 
decision. S. 270 incorporates the other sites into the national 
historic site by adding Summerton High School in Clarendon 
County, South Carolina to the boundary of the Brown v. Board of 
Education National Historic Site, and by designating the 
additional school sites in Virginia, Delaware, and Washington, 
DC, as national park system affiliated areas to include sites 
associated with the other cases that were consolidated into the 
Supreme Court's landmark Brown decision in 1954.

                          Legislative History

    Senators Coons, Graham, Warner, Scott of South Carolina, 
Carper, Moran, and Kaine introduced S. 270 on February 8, 2021. 
Senator Marshall later joined as a cosponsor. The Subcommittee 
on National Parks held a hearing on the bill on June 23, 2021. 
Representatives Clyburn, Blunt Rochester, Good, and Delegate 
Norton introduced an identical bill, H.R. 920, on February 8, 
2021. Representatives Foster, Hastings, Kuster, and McCollum 
later joined as cosponsors. The House Natural Resources 
Subcommittee on National Parks, Forests, and Public Lands held 
a hearing on H.R. 920 on April 21, 2021. No further action has 
been taken.

                          Committee Amendment

    The Energy and Natural Resource Committee agreed to an 
amendment that redesignates the Brown v. Board of Education 
National Historic Site established by section 103(a) of Public 
Law 102-525 (54 U.S.C. 320101 note; 106 Stat. 3439), and any 
reference in law, regulation, document, record, map, or other 
paper of the United States, as the ``Brown v. Board of 
Education National Historical Park.''

                        Committee Recommendation

    The Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, in open 
business session on November 18, 2021, by a majority voice vote 
of a quorum present, recommends that the Senate pass S. 270, if 
amended as described herein. Senator Lee asked to be recorded 
as voting no.

                      Section-by-Section Analysis


Section 1. Short title

    Section 1 provides the short title for the bill as ``Brown 
v. Board of Education National Historic Site Expansion Act.''

Section 2. Expansion of the Brown v. Board of Education National 
        Historic Site

    Section 2 amends Public Law 102-525 (54 U.S.C. 320101 note; 
106 Stat. 3438 et seq.) as follows:
    Paragraph (1) adds definitions of ``affiliated area'' and 
``affiliated areas'' to the definitions in section 101.
    Paragraph (2) amends section 102(a) by adding Congressional 
findings on the significance of the four other cases included 
in the Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka opinion.
    Paragraph (2) also adds descriptions of the sites and 
affiliated areas associated with the four cases.
    Paragraph (3) makes conforming edits.
    Paragraph (4) adds a new subsection (c) which adds 
Summerton High School and Scott's Branch High School located in 
Clarendon County, South Carolina to the National Historic Site. 
The new subsection (c) provides that the boundary shall not be 
expanded to include the school sites until the Secretary has 
acquired a sufficient quantity of land, or interests in land, 
to constitute a manageable park unit.
    Paragraph (5) prohibits the Secretary from acquiring the 
land within the boundaries of the National Historic Site by 
condemnation.
    Paragraph (6) requires the Secretary to prepare and submit 
a general management plan for the National Historic Site 
locations in Clarendon County, South Carolina.
    Paragraph (7) adds a new section 106 that designates the 
locations associated with the other three court cases in Brown 
v. Board of Education of Topeka, including Farmville, Virginia, 
Wilmington, Delaware, and Washington, DC, as affiliated areas 
of the National Park System, and describes the general 
management plan requirements for the sites.

Sec. 3. Redesignation of the Brown v. Board of Education National 
        Historical Park

    Section 3 redesignates the Brown v. Board of Education 
National Historic Site established by section 103(a) of Public 
Law 102-525 (54 U.S.C. 320101 note; 106 Stat. 3439), and any 
reference in law, regulation, document, record, map, or other 
paper of the United States, as the ``Brown v. Board of 
Education National Historical Park.''

                   Cost and Budgetary Considerations

    The Congressional Budget Office has not estimated the costs 
of S. 270 as passed by the Senate. The Committee has requested, 
but has not yet received, the Congressional Budget Office's 
estimate of the cost of S. 270 as ordered reported. When the 
Congressional Budget Office completes its cost estimate, it 
will be posted on the Internet at www.cbo.gov.

                      Regulatory Impact Evaluation

    In compliance with paragraph 11(b) of rule XXVI of the 
Standing Rules of the Senate, the Committee makes the following 
evaluation of the regulatory impact which would be incurred in 
carrying out S. 270. The bill is not a regulatory measure in 
the sense of imposing Government-established standards or 
significant economic responsibilities on private individuals 
and businesses. No personal information would be collected in 
administering the program. Therefore, there would be no impact 
on personal privacy. Little, if any, additional paperwork would 
result from the enactment of S. 270, as ordered reported.

                   Congressionally Directed Spending

    S. 270, as ordered reported, does not contain any 
congressionally directed spending items, limited tax benefits, 
or limited tariff benefits as defined in rule XLIV of the 
Standing Rules of the Senate.

                        Executive Communications

    The testimony provided by the Department of the Interior at 
the June 23, 2021, hearing on S. 270 follows:

   Statement of Michael A. Caldwell, Acting Associate Director, Park 
Planning, Facilities and Lands, National Park Service, U.S. Department 
                            of the Interior

    Chairman King, Ranking Member Daines, and members of the 
Subcommittee, thank you for the opportunity to present the 
Department of the Interior's (Department) views on S. 270, a 
bill to amend the Act entitled ``Act to provide for the 
establishment of the Brown v. Board of Education National 
Historic Site in the State of Kansas, and for other purposes'' 
to provide for inclusion of additional related sites in the 
National Park System, and for other purposes.
    The Department supports efforts to broaden public 
understanding of the events that led to the 1954 landmark U.S. 
Supreme Court decision in Brown v. Board of Education (Brown). 
The Court's finding that racially segregated schools were 
unconstitutional was unquestionably a pivotal event in our 
nation's civil rights struggle.
    S. 270 would expand the Brown v. Board of Education 
National Historic Site in Topeka, Kansas by authorizing the 
addition of two school sites located in South Carolina to the 
park unit upon their acquisition by the National Park Service 
(NPS). It would also designate sites in Delaware, the District 
of Columbia, and Virginia as affiliated areas of the National 
Park System. The sites included in S. 270 are all associated 
with the four additional court cases that were consolidated 
into the Brown v. Board of Education U.S. Supreme Court case. 
The affiliated areas would not be managed by the NPS, but they 
would be required to be managed in accordance with any law 
generally applicable to units of the National Park System. The 
affiliated areas would be eligible for NPS technical and 
financial assistance. The NPS would be required to prepare 
general management plans for the proposed sites in South 
Carolina--Summerton High School and Scott's Branch High School 
in Clarendon County--and for the proposed affiliated areas.
    Brown v. Board of Education National Historic Site was 
established in Topeka, Kansas, on October 26, 1992, by Public 
Law 102-525. The park opened to the public in 2004 on the 50th 
anniversary of the Brown v. Board of Education ruling. The 
park's Monroe Elementary School and Sumner Elementary School 
sites in Topeka, were designated National Historic Landmarks in 
1987. This national historic site tells the story of all five 
of the U.S. Supreme Court lawsuits with a special emphasis on 
the one brought on behalf of Linda Brown, an African American 
child who was denied the right to go to a public school near 
her home because it was for white students only. As the lawsuit 
that was the lead name for the five cases that were combined in 
the case before the U.S. Supreme Court, the Brown case became 
the most well-known of these cases.
    However, the four other cases, and the sites associated 
with those cases, also tell compelling stories about the 
struggle to end school segregation:
           Summerton High School in South Carolina was 
        an all-white school built in 1936. In 1947, Levi 
        Pearson, a black landowner, petitioned the local school 
        board to provide school bus transportation for his 
        children, detailing the glaring differences in 
        expenditures, buildings, and services available for 
        white and black students. That petition led to a series 
        of court cases including the one brought by plaintiffs 
        in Briggs v. Elliott, which was included in the Brown 
        v. Board decision in 1954. Of the five schools 
        mentioned in Pearson's petition, Summerton High School 
        is the only one still standing. It has been listed on 
        the National Register of Historic Places in recognition 
        of its national significance and is used as 
        administrative offices for Clarendon School District 1.
           Robert Russa Moton School, the all-black 
        school in Farmville, Virginia, was the location of a 
        student-led strike in 1951 that led to Davis v. County 
        School Board of Prince Edward County, a case that 
        became part of Brown v. Board of Education. The site is 
        designated a National Historic Landmark in recognition 
        of its national significance and is now the Robert 
        Russa Moton Museum, governed by the Moton Museum, Inc. 
        and affiliated with Longwood University.
           Howard High School in Wilmington, Delaware, 
        was the first high school for African Americans in the 
        state of Delaware. Parents of students bused to Howard 
        included the plaintiffs in Belton v. Gebhart, who sued 
        to allow admittance to the closer all-white Claymont 
        High School. Howard High School served the entire state 
        of Delaware. The site is designated a National Historic 
        Landmark in recognition of its national significance. 
        Now the Howard High School of Technology, it is an 
        active school administered by the New Castle County 
        Vocational-Technical School District. The all-white 
        Claymont High School, which denied plaintiffs 
        admission, is now the Claymont Community Center, 
        administered by the Brandywine Community Resource 
        Council, Inc. The Hockessin School #107C (Hockessin 
        Colored School) was the all-black school in Hockessin, 
        Delaware that one of the plaintiffs in Belton v. 
        Gebhart was required to attend with no public 
        transportation provided. It is now utilized by Friends 
        of Hockessin Colored School #107, Inc. as a community 
        facility.
           John Philip Sousa Junior High School was 
        built in 1950 in the Fort Dupont neighborhood in the 
        District of Columbia as an all-white school. When 12 
        African American students were denied admission, the 
        landmark 1954 U.S. Supreme Court Bolling v. Sharpe case 
        was brought. The case was complex because the 
        Fourteenth Amendment's Equal Protection Clause applies 
        only to the states. This case held that school 
        segregation was unconstitutional under the Due Process 
        Clause of the Fifth Amendment to the United States 
        Constitution and was noted in the Brown v. Board 
        decision. The site is designated a National Historic 
        Landmark in recognition of its national significance. 
        John Philip Sousa Junior High School, now John Philip 
        Sousa Middle School, is owned by the District of 
        Columbia and administered by the District of Columbia 
        Public Schools.
    We would also recommend redesignating Brown v. Board of 
Education National Historic Site as Brown v. Board of Education 
National Historical Park, to reflect the park's larger 
geographic scope. We would be happy to work with the sponsor 
and the Committee on amendments.

                        Changes in Existing Law

    In compliance with paragraph 12 of rule XXVI of the 
Standing Rules of the Senate, the changes in existing law made 
by S. 270, as reported, are shown as follows (existing law 
proposed to be omitted is enclosed in black brackets, new 
matter is printed in italic, existing law in which no change is 
proposed is shown in roman):

                           Public Law 102-525


                             102d Congress


   AN ACT To provide for the establishment of the Brown v. Board of 
Education National Historic Site in the State of Kansas, and for other 
                               purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of 
the United States of America in Congress assembled,

      TITLE I--BROWN V. BOARD OF EDUCATION NATIONAL HISTORIC SITE

SEC. 101. DEFINITIONS.

    As used in this title--
          (1) the term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary of the 
        Interior.
          (2) The term ``historic site'' means the Brown v. 
        Board of Education National Historic Site as 
        established in section 103.
          (3) The terms ``affiliated area'' and ``affiliated 
        areas'' mean one or more of the locations associated 
        with the four court cases included in Brown v. Board of 
        Education of Topeka described in section 102(a)(8), 
        (9), and (10).

SEC. 102. FINDINGS AND PURPOSES.

    (a) Findings.--The Congress finds as follows:
          (1) The Supreme Court, in 1964, ruled that the 
        earlier 1896 Supreme Court decision in Plessy v. 
        Ferguson that permitted segregation of races in 
        elementary schools violated the fourteenth amendment to 
        the United States Constitution, which guarantees all 
        citizens equal protection under the law.
          (2) In the 1954 proceedings, Oliver Brown and twelve 
        other plaintiffs successfully challenged an 1879 Kansas 
        law that had been patterned after the law in question 
        in Plessy v. Ferguson after the Topeka, Kansas, Board 
        of Education refused to enroll Mr. Brown's daughter, 
        Linda.
          (3) The Brown case was joined by four other cases 
        related to school segregation pending before the 
        Supreme Court (Briggs v. Elliott, filed in South 
        Carolina; Davis v. County School Board of Prince Edward 
        County, Spottswood Thomas Bolling, et al., Petitioners, 
        v. C. Melvin Sharpe, President of the District of 
        Columbia Board of Education, et al., filed in Virginia; 
        Gebhart v. Belton, filed in Delaware; and Bolling v. 
        Sharpe, filed in the District of Columbia) and 
        consolidated into one case named Brown v. Board of 
        Education of Topeka.
          (4) A 1999 historic resources study examined the five 
        cases included in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka 
        and found each to be nationally significant and to 
        contribute unique stories to the case for educational 
        equity.
          [(3)](5) Sumner Elementary, the all-white school that 
        refused to enroll Linda Brown, and Monroe Elementary, 
        the segregated school she was forced to attend, have 
        subsequently been designated National Historic 
        Landmarks in recognition of their national 
        significance.
          [(4)](6) Sumner Elementary, an active school, is 
        administered by the Topeka Board of Education; Monroe 
        Elementary, closed in 1975 due to declining enrollment, 
        is privately owned and stands vacant.
          (7) Summerton High School in South Carolina, the all-
        White school that refused to admit the plaintiffs in 
        Briggs v. Elliott, has been listed on the National 
        Register of Historic Places in recognition of its 
        national significance and is used as administrative 
        offices for Clarendon School District 1. Other sites 
        include former Scott's Branch High School, an 
        ``equalization school'' constructed for African-
        American students in 1951 to provide facilities 
        comparable to those of White students and that is now 
        the Community Resource Center owned by Clarendon School 
        District 1.
          (8) Robert Russa Moton School, the all-Black school 
        in Farmville, Virginia, which was the location of a 
        student-led strike leading to Davis v. County School 
        Board of Prince Edward County, Spottswood Thomas 
        Bolling, et al., Petitioners, v. C. Melvin Sharpe, 
        President of the District of Columbia Board of 
        Education, et al., has been designated a National 
        Historic Landmark in recognition of its national 
        significance. The school, now the Robert Russa Moton 
        Museum, is governed by the Moton Museum, Inc., and 
        affiliated with Longwood University.
          (9) Howard High School in Wilmington, Delaware, an 
        all-Black school to which plaintiffs in Belton v. 
        Gebhart were forced to travel, has been designated a 
        National Historic Landmark in recognition of its 
        national significance. Now the Howard High School of 
        Technology, it is an active school administered by the 
        New Castle County Vocational-Technical School District. 
        The all-White Claymont High School, which denied 
        plaintiffs admission, is now the Claymont Community 
        Center administered by the Brandywine Community 
        Resource Council, Inc. The Hockessin School #107C 
        (Hockessin Colored School) is the all-Black school in 
        Hockessin, Delaware that one of the plaintiffs in 
        Belton v. Gebhart was required to attend with no public 
        transportation provided. The former Hockessin School 
        building is utilized by Friends of Hockessin Colored 
        School #107, Inc. as a community facility.
          (10) John Philip Sousa Junior High School in the 
        District of Columbia, the all-White school that refused 
        to admit plaintiffs in Bolling v. Sharpe, has been 
        designated a National Historic Landmark in recognition 
        of its national significance. John Philip Sousa Junior 
        High School, now John Philip Sousa Middle School, is 
        owned by the District of Columbia Department of General 
        Services and administered by the District of Columbia 
        Public Schools.
    (b) Purposes.--The purposes of this title are--
          (1) to preserve, protect and interpret for the 
        benefit and enjoyment of present and future 
        generations, the places that contributed materially to 
        the landmark United States Supreme Court decision that 
        brought an end to segregation in public education; and
          (2) to interpret the integral role of the Brown v. 
        Board of Education case in the civil rights movement.
          (3) to assist in the preservation, protection, and 
        interpretation of related resources within the city of 
        Topeka, Kansas; Summerton, South Carolina; Farmville, 
        Virginia; Wilmington and Hockessin, Delaware; and the 
        District of Columbia that further the understanding of 
        the civil rights movement and the context of Brown v. 
        Board of Education.

SEC. 103. ESTABLISHMENT OF THE CIVIL RIGHTS IN EDUCATION: BROWN V. 
                    BOARD OF EDUCATION NATIONAL HISTORIC SITE.

    (a) In General.--There is hereby established as a unit of 
the National Park System the Brown v. Board of Education 
National Historic Site in the State of Kansas.
    (b) Description.--The historic site shall consist of the 
Monroe Elementary School site in the city of Topeka, Shawnee 
County Kansas, as generally depicted on a map entitled ``Brown 
v. Board of Education National Historic Site,'' numbered 
Appendix A and dated June 1992. Such map shall be on file and 
available for public inspection in the appropriate offices of 
the National Park Service.
    (c) Boundary Adjustment.--
          (1) In general.--In addition to land described in 
        subsection (b), the historic site shall consist of land 
        and interests in land identified as Summerton High 
        School and Scott's Branch High School located in 
        Clarendon County, South Carolina, after such land, or 
        interests in land, is acquired by the Secretary and the 
        determination is made under paragraph (2).
          (2) Determination by secretary.--The historic site 
        shall not be expanded until the date on which the 
        Secretary determines that a sufficient quantity of 
        land, or interests in land, has been acquired to 
        constitute a manageable park unit.
          (3) Notice.--Not later than 30 days after the date on 
        which the Secretary makes a determination under 
        paragraph (2), the Secretary shall publish in the 
        Federal Register notice of the expansion of the 
        historic site.
          (4) Map.--After the determination in subsection (2), 
        the Secretary shall publish a new map of the historic 
        site to include land or interests in land acquired 
        under this subsection.

SEC. 104. PROPERTY ACQUISITION.

    The Secretary is authorized to acquire by donation, 
exchange, or purchase with donated or appropriated funds the 
real property described in [section 103(b)] subsections (b) and 
(c) of section 103. Any property owned by the States of Kansas 
or any political subdivision thereof may be acquired only by 
donation. The Secretary may also acquire by the same methods 
personal property associated with, and appropriate for, the 
interpretation of the historic site: [Provided, however, That 
the] The Secretary may not acquire such personal property 
without the consent of the owner nor by condemnation of any 
land or interest in land within the boundaries of the historic 
site.

SEC. 105. ADMINISTRATION OF THE HISTORIC SITE.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary shall administer the 
historic site in accordance with this title and the laws 
generally applicable to units of the National Park System, 
including the Act of August 25, 1916 (39 Stat. 535), and the 
Act of August 21, 1935 (49 Stat. 666).
    (b) Cooperative Agreements.--The Secretary is authorized to 
enter into cooperative agreements with private as well as 
public agencies, organizations, and institutions in furtherance 
of the purposes of this title.
    (c) General Management Plan.--Within two complete fiscal 
years after funds are made available, the Secretary shall 
prepare and submit to the Committee on Interior and Insular 
Affairs of the United States House of Representatives and the 
Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the United States 
Senate a general management plan for the historic site in 
Topeka, Kansas. After the boundary adjustment under section 
103(c), the Secretary shall prepare and submit to the Committee 
on Natural Resources of the House of Representatives and the 
Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate a 
general management plan for the historic site locations in 
Clarendon County, South Carolina.

SEC. 106. ESTABLISHMENT OF THE BROWN V. BOARD OF EDUCATION AFFILIATED 
                    AREAS.

    (a) In General.--The locations associated with the three 
court cases included in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka 
described in sections 102(a)(8), (9), and (10) are established 
as affiliated areas of the National Park System.
    (b) Administration.--The affiliated areas shall be managed 
in accordance with--
          (1) this section; and
          (2) any law generally applicable to units of the 
        National Park System.
    (c) General Management Plan.--
          (1) In general.--Not later than two years after the 
        date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary, in 
        consultation with the management entity of each 
        affiliated area, shall develop a general management 
        plan for each of the affiliated areas in accordance 
        with section 100502 of title 54, United States Code. 
        The general management plan shall--
                  (A) be prepared in consultation and 
                coordination with the interested State, county, 
                and local governments, management entities, 
                organizations, and interested members of the 
                public associated with the affiliated area;
                  (B) identify, as appropriate, the roles and 
                responsibilities of the National Park Service 
                and management entity in administering and 
                interpreting the affiliated area in such a 
                manner that it does not interfere with existing 
                operations and continued use of existing 
                facilities; and
                  (C) require the Secretary to coordinate the 
                preparation and implementation of the 
                management plan and interpretation of the 
                affiliated area with the Brown v. Board of 
                Education National Historic Site.
          (2) Public comment.--The Secretary shall--
                  (A) hold not less than one public meeting in 
                the general proximity of each affiliated area 
                on the proposed general management plan, 
                including opportunities for public comment; and
                  (B) publish the draft general management plan 
                on the internet and provide an opportunity for 
                public comment.
          (3) Transmittal.--Not later than 3 years after the 
        date on which funds are made available to carry out 
        this section, the Secretary shall transmit the general 
        management plan for each affiliated area developed 
        under subparagraph (1) to the Committee on Natural 
        Resources of the House of Representatives and the 
        Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the 
        Senate.
    (d) Management Entity.--The organizations described in 
paragraphs (8), (9), and (10) of section 102(a) shall be the 
management entity for its respective affiliated area.
    (e) Cooperative Agreements.--The Secretary may provide 
technical assistance and grants and enter into cooperative 
agreements with the management entity for each affiliated area 
to provide financial assistance for the marketing, marking, 
interpretation, and preservation of the respective affiliated 
area.
    (f) Land Use.--Nothing in this section affects land use 
rights of private property owners within or adjacent to the 
affiliated areas, including activities or uses on private land 
that can be seen or heard within the affiliated areas and the 
authorities for management entities to operate and administer 
the affiliated areas.
    (g) Limited Role of the Secretary.--Nothing in this section 
authorizes the Secretary to acquire property in an affiliated 
area or to assume overall financial responsibility for the 
operation, maintenance, or management of an affiliated area. 
Each affiliated area shall continue to be owned, operated, and 
managed by its respective public and private owners.

SEC. [106]107. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    There are authorized to be appropriated $1,250,000 to carry 
out the purposes of this title including land acquisition and 
initial development at the historic site, and there is 
authorized to be appropriated such sums as are necessary to 
carry out sections 103(c) and 106.

                                  [all]