[House Report 117-73]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]


117th Congress    }                                    {       Report
                        HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
 1st Session      }                                    {       117-73

======================================================================



 
             NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION FOR THE FUTURE ACT

                                _______
                                

 June 28, 2021.--Committed to the Committee of the Whole House on the 
              State of the Union and ordered to be printed

                                _______
                                

    Ms. Johnson of Texas, from the Committee on Science, Space, and 
                  Technology, submitted the following

                              R E P O R T

                        [To accompany H.R. 2225]

    The Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, to whom 
was referred the bill (H.R. 2225) to authorize appropriations 
for fiscal years 2022, 2023, 2024, 2025, and 2026 for the 
National Science Foundation, and for other purposes, having 
considered the same, reports favorably thereon with an 
amendment and recommends that the bill as amended do pass.

                                CONTENTS

                                                                   Page
   I. Amendment.......................................................2
  II. Purpose of the Bill............................................38
 III. Background and Need for the Legislation........................38
  IV. Committee Hearings.............................................39
   V. Committee Consideration and Votes..............................40
  VI. Summary of Major Provisions of the Bill........................41
 VII. Section-By-Section Analysis (By Title and Section).............42
VIII. Committee Views................................................47
  IX. Cost Estimate..................................................49
   X. Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate......................49
  XI. Compliance with Public Law 104-4 (Unfunded Mandates)...........50
 XII. Committee Oversight Findings and Recommendations...............50
XIII. Statement on General Performance Goals and Objectives..........50
 XIV. Federal Advisory Committee Statement...........................50
  XV. Duplication of Federal Programs................................50
 XVI. Earmark Identification.........................................50
XVII. Applicability to the Legislative Branch........................50
XVIII.Statement on Preemption of State, Local, or Tribal Law.........50

 XIX. Changes in Existing Law Made by the Bill, As Reported..........50
  XX. Proceedings of Subcommittee Markup.............................86
 XXI. Proceedings of Full Committee Markup..........................228

                              I. Amendment

    The amendment is as follows:
  Strike all after the enacting clause and insert the 
following:

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

  This Act may be cited as the ``National Science Foundation for the 
Future Act''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

  Congress finds the following:
          (1) Over the past seven decades, the National Science 
        Foundation has played a critical role in advancing the United 
        States academic research enterprise by supporting fundamental 
        research and education across science and engineering 
        disciplines.
          (2) Discoveries enabled by sustained investment in 
        fundamental research and the education of the United States 
        science and engineering workforce have led to transformational 
        innovations and spawned new industries.
          (3) While the traditional approach to investment in research 
        has delivered myriad benefits to society, a concerted effort is 
        needed to ensure the benefits of federally funded science and 
        engineering are enjoyed by all Americans.
          (4) As countries around the world increase investments in 
        research and STEM education, United States global leadership in 
        science and engineering is eroding, posing significant risks to 
        economic competitiveness, national security, and public well-
        being.
          (5) To address major societal challenges and sustain United 
        States leadership in innovation, the Federal Government must 
        increase investments in research, broaden participation in the 
        STEM workforce, and bolster collaborations among universities, 
        National Laboratories, field stations and marine laboratories, 
        companies, labor organizations, non-profit funders of research, 
        local policymakers, civil societies and stakeholder 
        communities, and international partners.

SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS.

  In this Act:
          (1) Academies.--The term ``Academies'' means the National 
        Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine.
          (2) Artificial intelligence.--The term ``artificial 
        intelligence'' has the meaning given such term in section 5002 
        of the William M. (MAC) Thornberry National Defense 
        Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021.
          (3) Awardee.--The term ``awardee'' means the legal entity to 
        which Federal assistance is awarded and that is accountable to 
        the Federal Government for the use of the funds provided.
          (4) Board.--The term ``Board'' means the National Science 
        Board.
          (5) Director.--The term ``Director'' means the Director of 
        the National Science Foundation.
          (6) Emerging research institution.--The term ``emerging 
        research institution'' means an institution of higher education 
        with an established undergraduate student program that has, on 
        average for 3 years prior to the time of application for an 
        award, received less than $35,000,000 in Federal research 
        funding.
          (7) Federal science agency.--The term ``Federal science 
        agency'' means any Federal agency with an annual extramural 
        research expenditure of over $100,000,000.
          (8) Foundation.--The term ``Foundation'' means the National 
        Science Foundation.
          (9) Institution of higher education.--The term ``institution 
        of higher education'' has the meaning given the term in section 
        101(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001(a)).
          (10) Labor organization.--The term ``labor organization'' has 
        the meaning given the term in section 2(5) of the National 
        Labor Relations Act (29 U.S.C. 152(5)), except that such term 
        shall also include--
                  (A) any organization composed of labor organizations, 
                such as a labor union federation or a State or 
                municipal labor body; and
                  (B) any organization which would be included in the 
                definition for such term under such section (5) but for 
                the fact that the organization represents--
                          (i) individuals employed by the United 
                        States, any wholly owned Government 
                        corporation, any Federal Reserve Bank, or any 
                        State or political subdivision thereof;
                          (ii) individuals employed by persons subject 
                        to the Railway Labor Act (45 U.S.C. 151 et 
                        seq.); or
                          (iii) individuals employed as agricultural 
                        laborers.
          (11) Non-profit organization.--The term ``non-profit 
        organization'' means an organization which is described in 
        section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 and 
        exempt from tax under section 501(a) of such code.
          (12) NSF includes.--The term ``NSF includes'' means the 
        initiative carried out under section 6(c).
          (13) PreK-12.--The term ``preK-12'' means pre-kindergarten 
        through grade 12.
          (14) Skilled technical work.--The term ``skilled technical 
        work'' means an occupation that requires a high level of 
        knowledge in a technical domain and does not require a 
        bachelor's degree for entry.
          (15) STEM.--The term ``STEM'' has the meaning given the term 
        in section 2 of the America COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 
        2010 (42 U.S.C. 6621 note).
          (16) STEM education.--The term ``STEM education'' has the 
        meaning given the term in section 2 of the STEM Education Act 
        of 2015 (42 U.S.C. 6621 note).

SEC. 4. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

  (a) Fiscal Year 2022.--
          (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to 
        the Foundation $12,504,890,000 for fiscal year 2022.
          (2) Specific allocations.--Of the amount authorized under 
        paragraph (1)--
                  (A) $10,025,000,000 shall be made available to carry 
                out research and related activities, of which--
                          (i) $55,000,000 shall be for the Mid-Scale 
                        Research Infrastructure Program; and
                          (ii) $1,400,000,000 shall be for the 
                        Directorate for Science and Engineering 
                        Solutions;
                  (B) $1,583,160,000 shall be made available for 
                education and human resources, of which--
                          (i) $73,700,000 shall be for the Robert Noyce 
                        Teacher Scholarship Program;
                          (ii) $59,500,000 shall be for the NSF 
                        Research Traineeship Program;
                          (iii) $416,300,000 shall be for the Graduate 
                        Research Fellowship Program; and
                          (iv) $70,000,000 shall be for the Cybercorps 
                        Scholarship for Service Program;
                  (C) $249,000,000 shall be made available for major 
                research equipment and facilities construction, of 
                which $76,250,000 shall be for the Mid-Scale Research 
                Infrastructure Program;
                  (D) $620,000,000 shall be made available for agency 
                operations and award management;
                  (E) $4,620,000 shall be made available for the Office 
                of the National Science Board; and
                  (F) $23,120,000 shall be made available for the 
                Office of the Inspector General.
  (b) Fiscal Year 2023.--
          (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to 
        the Foundation $14,620,800,000 for fiscal year 2023.
          (2) Specific allocations.--Of the amount authorized under 
        paragraph (1)--
                  (A) $11,870,000,000 shall be made available to carry 
                out research and related activities, of which--
                          (i) $60,000,000 shall be for the Mid-Scale 
                        Research Infrastructure Program; and
                          (ii) $2,300,000,000 shall be for the 
                        Directorate for Science and Engineering 
                        Solutions;
                  (B) $1,654,520,000 shall be made available for 
                education and human resources, of which--
                          (i) $80,400,000 shall be for the Robert Noyce 
                        Teacher Scholarship Program;
                          (ii) $64,910,000 shall be for the NSF 
                        Research Traineeship Program;
                          (iii) $454,140,000 shall be for the Graduate 
                        Research Fellowship Program; and
                          (iv) $72,000,000 shall be for the Cybercorps 
                        Scholarship for Service Program;
                  (C) $355,000,000 shall be made available for major 
                research equipment and facilities construction, of 
                which $80,000,000 shall be for the Mid-Scale Research 
                Infrastructure Program;
                  (D) $710,000,000 shall be made available for agency 
                operations and award management;
                  (E) $4,660,000 shall be made available for the Office 
                of the National Science Board; and
                  (F) $26,610,000 shall be made available for the 
                Office of the Inspector General.
  (c) Fiscal Year 2024.--
          (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to 
        the Foundation $15,945,020,000 for fiscal year 2024.
          (2) Specific allocations.--Of the amount authorized under 
        paragraph (1)--
                  (A) $13,050,000,000 shall be made available to carry 
                out research and related activities, of which--
                          (i) $70,000,000 shall be for the Mid-Scale 
                        Research Infrastructure Program; and
                          (ii) $2,900,000,000 shall be for the 
                        Directorate for Science and Engineering 
                        Solutions;
                  (B) $1,739,210,000 shall be made available for 
                education and human resources, of which--
                          (i) $87,100,000 shall be for the Robert Noyce 
                        Teacher Scholarship Program;
                          (ii) $70,320,000 shall be for the NSF 
                        Research Traineeship Program;
                          (iii) $491,990,000 shall be for the Graduate 
                        Research Fellowship Program; and
                          (iv) $78,000,000 shall be for the Cybercorps 
                        Scholarship for Service Program;
                  (C) $370,000,000 shall be made available for major 
                research equipment and facilities construction, of 
                which $85,000,000 shall be for the Mid-Scale Research 
                Infrastructure Program;
                  (D) $750,000,000 shall be made available for agency 
                operations and award management;
                  (E) $4,700,000 shall be made available for the Office 
                of the National Science Board; and
                  (F) $31,110,000 shall be made available for the 
                Office of the Inspector General.
  (d) Fiscal Year 2025.--
          (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to 
        the Foundation $17,004,820,000 for fiscal year 2025.
          (2) Specific allocations.--Of the amount authorized under 
        paragraph (1)--
                  (A) $14,000,000,000 shall be made available to carry 
                out research and related activities, of which--
                          (i) $75,000,000 shall be for the Mid-Scale 
                        Research Infrastructure Program; and
                          (ii) $3,250,000,000 shall be for the 
                        Directorate for Science and Engineering 
                        Solutions;
                  (B) $1,823,470,000 shall be made available for 
                education and human resources, of which--
                          (i) $93,800,000 shall be for the Robert Noyce 
                        Teacher Scholarship Program;
                          (ii) $75,730,000 shall be for the NSF 
                        Research Traineeship Program;
                          (iii) $529,830,000 shall be for the Graduate 
                        Research Fellowship Program; and
                          (iv) $84,000,000 shall be for the Cybercorps 
                        Scholarship for Service Program;
                  (C) $372,000,000 shall be made available for major 
                research equipment and facilities construction, of 
                which $90,000,000 shall be for the Mid-Scale Research 
                Infrastructure Program;
                  (D) $770,000,000 shall be made available for agency 
                operations and award management;
                  (E) $4,740,000 shall be made available for the Office 
                of the National Science Board; and
                  (F) $34,610,000 shall be made available for the 
                Office of the Inspector General.
  (e) Fiscal Year 2026.--
          (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to 
        the Foundation $17,939,490,000 for fiscal year 2026.
          (2) Specific allocations.--Of the amount authorized under 
        paragraph (1)--
                  (A) $14,800,000,000 shall be made available to carry 
                out research and related activities, of which--
                          (i) $80,000,000 shall be for the Mid-Scale 
                        Research Infrastructure Program; and
                          (ii) $3,400,000,000 shall be for the 
                        Directorate for Science and Engineering 
                        Solutions;
                  (B) $1,921,600,000 shall be made available for 
                education and human resources, of which--
                          (i) $100,500,000 shall be for the Robert 
                        Noyce Teacher Scholarship Program;
                          (ii) $81,140,000 shall be for the NSF 
                        Research Traineeship Program;
                          (iii) $567,680,000 shall be for the Graduate 
                        Research Fellowship Program; and
                          (iv) $90,000,000 shall be for the Cybercorps 
                        Scholarship for Service Program;
                  (C) $375,000,000 shall be made available for major 
                research equipment and facilities construction, of 
                which $100,000,000 shall be for the Mid-Scale Research 
                Infrastructure Program;
                  (D) $800,000,000 shall be made available for agency 
                operations and award management;
                  (E) $4,780,000 shall be made available for the Office 
                of the National Science Board; and
                  (F) $38,110,000 shall be made available for the 
                Office of the Inspector General.

SEC. 5. STEM EDUCATION.

  (a) PreK-12 STEM Education.--
          (1) Decadal survey of stem education research.--Not later 
        than 45 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the 
        Director shall enter into a contract with the Academies to 
        review and assess the status and opportunities for PreK-12 STEM 
        education research and make recommendations for research 
        priorities over the next decade.
          (2) Scaling innovations in prek-12 stem education.--
                  (A) In general.--The Director shall establish a 
                program to award grants, on a competitive basis, to 
                institutions of higher education or non-profit 
                organizations (or consortia of such institutions or 
                organizations) to establish no fewer than 3 
                multidisciplinary Centers for Transformative Education 
                Research and Translation (in this section referred to 
                as ``Centers'') to support research and development on 
                widespread and sustained implementation of STEM 
                education innovations.
                  (B) Application.--An institution of higher education 
                or non-profit organization (or a consortium of such 
                institutions or organizations) seeking funding under 
                subparagraph (A) shall submit an application to the 
                Director at such time, in such manner, and containing 
                such information as the Director may require. The 
                application shall include, at a minimum, a description 
                of how the proposed Center will--
                          (i) establish partnerships among academic 
                        institutions, local or State education 
                        agencies, and other relevant stakeholders in 
                        supporting programs and activities to 
                        facilitate the widespread and sustained 
                        implementation of promising, evidence-based 
                        STEM education practices, models, programs, 
                        curriculum, and technologies;
                          (ii) support enhanced STEM education 
                        infrastructure, including cyberlearning 
                        technologies, to facilitate the widespread 
                        adoption of promising, evidence-based 
                        practices;
                          (iii) support research and development on 
                        scaling practices, partnerships, and 
                        alternative models to current approaches, 
                        including approaches sensitive to the unique 
                        combinations of capabilities, resources, and 
                        needs of varying localities, educators, and 
                        learners;
                          (iv) include a focus on the learning needs of 
                        under resourced schools and learners in low-
                        resource or underachieving local education 
                        agencies in urban and rural communities and the 
                        development of high-quality curriculum that 
                        engages these learners in the knowledge and 
                        practices of STEM fields;
                          (v) include a focus on the learning needs and 
                        unique challenges facing students with 
                        disabilities; and
                          (vi) support research and development on 
                        scaling practices and models to support and 
                        sustain highly-qualified STEM educators in 
                        urban and rural communities.
                  (C) Additional considerations.--In awarding a grant 
                under this paragraph, the Director may also consider 
                the extent to which the proposed Center will--
                          (i) leverage existing collaborations, tools, 
                        and strategies supported by the Foundation, 
                        including NSF INCLUDES and the Convergence 
                        Accelerators;
                          (ii) support research on and the development 
                        and scaling of innovative approaches to 
                        distance learning and education for various 
                        student populations;
                          (iii) support education innovations that 
                        leverage new technologies or deepen 
                        understanding of the impact of technology on 
                        educational systems; and
                          (iv) include a commitment from local or State 
                        education administrators to making the proposed 
                        reforms and activities a priority.
                  (D) Partnership.--In carrying out the program under 
                subparagraph (A), the Director shall explore 
                opportunities to partner with the Department of 
                Education, including through jointly funding activities 
                under this paragraph.
                  (E) Annual meeting.--The Director shall encourage and 
                facilitate an annual meeting of the Centers to foster 
                collaboration among the Centers and to further 
                disseminate the results of the Centers' activities.
                  (F) Report.--Not later than 5 years after the date of 
                enactment of this Act, the Director shall submit to 
                Congress a report describing the activities carried out 
                pursuant to this paragraph that includes--
                          (i) a description of the focus and proposed 
                        goals of each Center; and
                          (ii) an assessment of the program's success 
                        in helping to promote scalable solutions in 
                        PreK-12 STEM education.
          (3) National academies study.--Not later than 45 days after 
        the date of enactment of this Act, the Director shall enter 
        into an agreement with the Academies to conduct a study to--
                  (A) review the research literature and identify 
                research gaps regarding the interconnected factors that 
                foster and hinder successful implementation of 
                promising, evidence-based PreK-12 STEM education 
                innovations at the local, regional, and national level;
                  (B) present a compendium of promising, evidence-based 
                PreK-12 STEM education practices, models, programs, and 
                technologies;
                  (C) identify barriers to widespread and sustained 
                implementation of such innovations; and
                  (D) make recommendations to the Foundation, the 
                Department of Education, the National Science and 
                Technology Council's Committee on Science, Technology, 
                Engineering, and Mathematics Education, State and local 
                educational agencies, and other relevant stakeholders 
                on measures to address such barriers.
          (4) Supporting pre-k-8 informal stem opportunities.--Section 
        3 of the STEM Education Act of 2015 (42 U.S.C. 1862q) is 
        amended by adding at the end the following:
  ``(c) Pre-k-8 Informal Stem Program.--
          ``(1) In general.--The Director of the National Science 
        Foundation shall provide grants to institutions of higher 
        education or a non-profit organizations (or a consortia of such 
        intuitions or organization) on a merit-reviewed, competitive 
        basis for research on programming that engages students in 
        grades PREK-8, including underrepresented and rural students, 
        in STEM in order to prepare such students to pursue degrees or 
        careers in STEM.
          ``(2) Use of funds.--
                  ``(A) In general.--Grants awarded under this section 
                shall be used toward research to advance the engagement 
                of students, including underrepresented and rural 
                students, in grades PREK-8 in STEM through providing 
                before-school, after-school, out-of-school, or summer 
                activities, including in single-gender environments or 
                programming, that are designed to encourage interest, 
                engagement, and skills development for students in 
                STEM.
                  ``(B) Permitted activities.--The activities described 
                in subparagraph (A) may include--
                          ``(i) the provision of programming described 
                        in such subparagraph for the purpose of 
                        research described in such subparagraph;
                          ``(ii) the use of a variety of engagement 
                        methods, including cooperative and hands-on 
                        learning;
                          ``(iii) exposure of students to role models 
                        in the fields of STEM and near-peer mentors;
                          ``(iv) training of informal learning 
                        educators, youth-serving professionals, and 
                        volunteers who lead informal STEM programs in 
                        using evidence-based methods consistent with 
                        the target student population being served;
                          ``(v) education of students on the relevance 
                        and significance of STEM careers, provision of 
                        academic advice and assistance, and activities 
                        designed to help students make real-world 
                        connections to STEM content;
                          ``(vi) the attendance of students at events, 
                        competitions, and academic programs to provide 
                        content expertise and encourage career exposure 
                        in STEM, which may include the purchase of 
                        parts and supplies needed to participate in 
                        such competitions;
                          ``(vii) activities designed to engage parents 
                        and families of students in grades PREK-8 in 
                        STEM;
                          ``(viii) innovative strategies to engage 
                        students, such as using leadership skills and 
                        outcome measures to impart youth with the 
                        confidence to pursue STEM coursework and 
                        academic study;
                          ``(ix) coordination with STEM-rich 
                        environments, including other nonprofit, 
                        nongovernmental organizations, out-of-classroom 
                        settings, single-gender environments, 
                        institutions of higher education, vocational 
                        facilities, corporations, museums, or science 
                        centers; and
                          ``(x) the acquisition of instructional 
                        materials or technology-based tools to conduct 
                        applicable grant activity.
          ``(3) Application.--An applicant seeking funding under the 
        section shall submit an application at such time, in such 
        manner, and containing such information as may be required. 
        Applications that include or partner with a nonprofit, 
        nongovernmental organization that has extensive experience and 
        expertise in increasing the participation of students in PREK-8 
        in STEM are encouraged. The application may include the 
        following:
                  ``(A) A description of the target audience to be 
                served by the research activity or activities for which 
                such funding is sought.
                  ``(B) A description of the process for recruitment 
                and selection of students to participate in such 
                activities.
                  ``(C) A description of how such activity or 
                activities may inform programming that engages students 
                in grades PREK-8 in STEM.
                  ``(D) A description of how such activity or 
                activities may inform programming that promotes student 
                academic achievement in STEM.
                  ``(E) An evaluation plan that includes, at a minimum, 
                the use of outcome-oriented measures to determine the 
                impact and efficacy of programming being researched.
          ``(4) Evaluations.--Each recipient of a grant under this 
        section shall provide, at the conclusion of every year during 
        which the grant funds are received, an evaluation in a form 
        prescribed by the Director.
          ``(5) Accountability and dissemination.--
                  ``(A) Evaluation required.--The Director shall 
                evaluate the activities established under this section. 
                Such evaluation shall--
                          ``(i) use a common set of benchmarks and 
                        tools to assess the results of research 
                        conducted under such grants; and
                          ``(ii) to the extent practicable, integrate 
                        the findings of the research resulting from the 
                        activity or activities funded through the grant 
                        with the current research on serving students 
                        with respect to the pursuit of degrees or 
                        careers in STEM, including underrepresented and 
                        rural students, in grades PREK-8.
                  ``(B) Report on evaluations.--Not later than 180 days 
                after the completion of the evaluation under 
                subparagraph (A), the Director shall submit to Congress 
                and make widely available to the public a report that 
                includes--
                          ``(i) the results of the evaluation; and
                          ``(ii) any recommendations for administrative 
                        and legislative action that could optimize the 
                        effectiveness of the program under this 
                        section.
          ``(6) Coordination.--In carrying out this section, the 
        Director shall, for purposes of enhancing program effectiveness 
        and avoiding duplication of activities, consult, cooperate, and 
        coordinate with the programs and policies of other relevant 
        Federal agencies.''.
  (b) Undergraduate STEM Education.--
          (1) Research on stem education and workforce needs.--The 
        Director shall award grants, on a competitive basis, to four-
        year institutions of higher education or non-profit 
        organizations (or consortia of such institutions or 
        organizations) to support research and development activities 
        to--
                  (A) encourage greater collaboration and coordination 
                between institutions of higher education and industry 
                to enhance education, foster hands-on learn 
                experiences, and improve alignment with workforce 
                needs;
                  (B) understand the current composition of the STEM 
                workforce and the factors that influence growth, 
                retention, and development of that workforce;
                  (C) increase the size, diversity, capability, and 
                flexibility of the STEM workforce; and
                  (D) increase dissemination and widespread adoption of 
                effective practices in undergraduate education and 
                workforce development.
          (2) Advanced technological education program update.--Section 
        3(b) of the Scientific and Advanced-Technology Act of 1992 (42 
        U.S.C. 1862i(b)) is amended to read as follows:
  ``(b) National Coordination Network for Science and Technical 
Education.--The Director shall award grants to institutions of higher 
education, non-profit organizations, and associate-degree granting 
colleges (or consortia of such institutions or organizations) to 
establish a network of centers for science and technical education. The 
centers shall--
          ``(1) coordinate research, training, and education activities 
        funded by awards under subsection (a) and share information and 
        best practices across the network of awardees;
          ``(2) serve as a national and regional clearinghouse and 
        resource to communicate and coordinate research, training, and 
        educational activities across disciplinary, organizational, 
        geographic, and international boundaries and disseminate best 
        practices; and
          ``(3) develop national and regional partnerships between 
        PreK-12 schools, two-year colleges, institutions of higher 
        education, workforce development programs, labor organizations, 
        and industry to meet workforce needs.''.
          (3) Innovations in stem education at community colleges.--
                  (A) In general.--The Director shall award grants on a 
                merit-reviewed, competitive basis to institutions of 
                higher education or non-profit organizations (or 
                consortia of such institutions or organizations) to 
                advance research on the nature of learning and teaching 
                at community colleges and to improve outcomes for 
                students who enter the workforce upon completion of 
                their STEM degree or credential or transfer to 4-year 
                institutions, including by--
                          (i) examining how to scale up successful 
                        programs at Community Colleges that are 
                        improving student outcomes in foundational STEM 
                        courses;
                          (ii) supporting research on effective STEM 
                        teaching practices in community college 
                        settings;
                          (iii) designing and developing new STEM 
                        curricula;
                          (iv) providing STEM students with hands-on 
                        training and research experiences, internships, 
                        and other experiential learning opportunities;
                          (v) increasing access to high quality STEM 
                        education through new technologies;
                          (vi) re-skilling or up-skilling incumbent 
                        workers for new STEM jobs;
                          (vii) building STEM career and seamless 
                        transfer pathways; and
                          (viii) developing novel mechanisms to 
                        identify and recruit talent into STEM programs, 
                        in particular talent from groups historically 
                        underrepresented in STEM.
                  (B) Partnerships.--In carrying out activities under 
                this paragraph, the Director shall encourage 
                applications to develop, enhance, or expand cooperative 
                STEM education and training partnerships between 
                institutions of higher education, industry, and labor 
                organizations.
  (c) Advanced Technological Manufacturing Act.--
          (1) Findings and purpose.--Section 2 of the Scientific and 
        Advanced-Technology Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 1862h) is amended--
                  (A) in subsection (a)--
                          (i) in paragraph (3), by striking ``science, 
                        mathematics, and technology'' and inserting 
                        ``science, technology, engineering, and 
                        mathematics or STEM'';
                          (ii) in paragraph (4), by inserting 
                        ``educated'' and before ``trained''; and
                          (iii) in paragraph (5), by striking 
                        ``scientific and technical education and 
                        training'' and inserting ``STEM education and 
                        training''; and
                  (B) in subsection (b)--
                          (i) in paragraph (2), by striking 
                        ``mathematics and science'' and inserting 
                        ``STEM fields''; and
                          (ii) in paragraph (4), by striking 
                        ``mathematics and science instruction'' and 
                        inserting ``STEM instruction''.
          (2) Modernizing references to stem.--Section 3 of the 
        Scientific and Advanced-Technology Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 
        1862i) is amended--
                  (A) in the section heading, by striking ``scientific 
                and technical education '' and inserting ``stem 
                education'';
                  (B) in subsection (a)--
                          (i) in the subsection heading, by striking 
                        ``Scientific and Technical Education '' and 
                        inserting ``STEM Education'';
                          (ii) in the matter preceding paragraph (1)--
                                  (I) by inserting ``and education to 
                                prepare the skilled technical workforce 
                                to meet workforce demands'' before ``, 
                                and to improve'';
                                  (II) by striking ``core education 
                                courses in science and mathematics'' 
                                and inserting ``core education courses 
                                in STEM fields'';
                                  (III) by inserting ``veterans and 
                                individuals engaged in'' before ``work 
                                in the home''; and
                                  (IV) by inserting ``and on building a 
                                pathway from secondary schools, to 
                                associate-degree-granting institutions, 
                                to careers that require technical 
                                training'' before ``, and shall be 
                                designed'';
                          (iii) in paragraph (1)--
                                  (I) by inserting ``and study'' after 
                                ``development''; and
                                  (II) by striking ``core science and 
                                mathematics courses'' and inserting 
                                ``core STEM courses'';
                          (iv) in paragraph (2), by striking ``science, 
                        mathematics, and advanced-technology fields'' 
                        and inserting ``STEM and advanced-technology 
                        fields'';
                          (v) in paragraph (3)(A), by inserting ``to 
                        support the advanced-technology industries that 
                        drive the competitiveness of the United States 
                        in the global economy'' before the semicolon at 
                        the end;
                          (vi) in paragraph (4), by striking 
                        ``scientific and advanced-technology fields'' 
                        and inserting ``STEM and advanced-technology 
                        fields''; and
                          (vii) in paragraph (5), by striking 
                        ``advanced scientific and technical education'' 
                        and inserting ``advanced STEM and advanced-
                        technology'';
                  (C) in subsection (c)--
                          (i) in paragraph (1)--
                                  (I) in subparagraph (A)--
                                          (aa) in the matter preceding 
                                        clause (i), by striking ``to 
                                        encourage'' and all that 
                                        follows through ``such means 
                                        as--'' and inserting ``to 
                                        encourage the development of 
                                        career and educational pathways 
                                        with multiple entry and exit 
                                        points leading to credentials 
                                        and degrees, and to assist 
                                        students pursuing pathways in 
                                        STEM fields to transition from 
                                        associate-degree-granting 
                                        colleges to bachelor-degree-
                                        granting institutions, through 
                                        such means as--'';
                                          (bb) in clause (i), by 
                                        striking ``to ensure'' and 
                                        inserting ``to develop 
                                        articulation agreements that 
                                        ensure''; and
                                          (cc) in clause (ii), by 
                                        striking ``courses at the 
                                        bachelor-degree-granting 
                                        institution'' and inserting 
                                        ``the career and educational 
                                        pathways supported by the 
                                        articulation agreements'';
                                  (II) in subparagraph (B)--
                                          (aa) in clause (i), by 
                                        inserting ``veterans and 
                                        individuals engaged in'' before 
                                        ``work in the home'';
                                          (bb) in clause (iii)--
                                                  (AA) by striking 
                                                ``bachelor's-degree-
                                                granting institutions'' 
                                                and inserting 
                                                ``institutions or work 
                                                sites''; and
                                                  (BB) by inserting 
                                                ``or industry 
                                                internships'' after 
                                                ``summer programs''; 
                                                and
                                          (cc) by striking the flush 
                                        text following clause (iv); and
                                  (III) by striking subparagraph (C);
                          (ii) in paragraph (2)--
                                  (I) by striking ``mathematics and 
                                science programs'' and inserting ``STEM 
                                programs'';
                                  (II) by inserting ``and, as 
                                appropriate, elementary schools,'' 
                                after ``with secondary schools'';
                                  (III) by striking ``mathematics and 
                                science education'' and inserting 
                                ``STEM education'';
                                  (IV) by striking ``secondary school 
                                students'' and inserting ``students at 
                                these schools'';
                                  (V) by striking ``science and 
                                advanced-technology fields'' and 
                                inserting ``STEM and advanced-
                                technology fields''; and
                                  (VI) by striking ``agreements with 
                                local educational agencies'' and 
                                inserting ``articulation agreements or 
                                dual credit courses with local 
                                secondary schools, or other means as 
                                the Director determines appropriate,''; 
                                and
                          (iii) in paragraph (3)--
                                  (I) by striking subparagraph (B);
                                  (II) by striking ``shall--''and all 
                                that follows through ``establish a'' 
                                and inserting ``shall establish a'';
                                  (III) by striking ``the fields of 
                                science, technology, engineering, and 
                                mathematics'' and inserting ``STEM 
                                fields''; and
                                  (IV) by striking ``; and'' and 
                                inserting ``, including jobs at Federal 
                                and academic laboratories.'';
                  (D) in subsection (c)--
                          (i) in paragraph (1)--
                                  (I) in subparagraph (A)--
                                          (aa) in the matter preceding 
                                        clause (i), by striking ``to 
                                        encourage'' and all that 
                                        follows through ``such means 
                                        as--'' and inserting ``to 
                                        encourage the development of 
                                        career and educational pathways 
                                        with multiple entry and exit 
                                        points leading to credentials 
                                        and degrees, and to assist 
                                        students pursuing pathways in 
                                        STEM fields to transition from 
                                        associate-degree-granting 
                                        colleges to bachelor-degree-
                                        granting institutions, through 
                                        such means as--'';
                                          (bb) in clause (i), by 
                                        striking ``to ensure'' and 
                                        inserting ``to develop 
                                        articulation agreements that 
                                        ensure''; and
                                          (cc) in clause (ii), by 
                                        striking ``courses at the 
                                        bachelor-degree-granting 
                                        institution'' and inserting 
                                        ``the career and educational 
                                        pathways supported by the 
                                        articulation agreements'';
                                  (II) in subparagraph (B)--
                                          (aa) in clause (i), by 
                                        inserting ``veterans and 
                                        individuals engaged in'' before 
                                        ``work in the home'';
                                          (bb) in clause (iii)--
                                                  (AA) by striking 
                                                ``bachelor's-degree-
                                                granting institutions'' 
                                                and inserting 
                                                ``institutions or work 
                                                sites''; and
                                                  (BB) by inserting 
                                                ``or industry 
                                                internships'' after 
                                                ``summer programs''; 
                                                and
                                          (cc) by striking the flush 
                                        text following clause (iv); and
                                  (III) by striking subparagraph (C);
                          (ii) in paragraph (2)--
                                  (I) by striking ``mathematics and 
                                science programs'' and inserting ``STEM 
                                programs'';
                                  (II) by inserting ``and, as 
                                appropriate, elementary schools,'' 
                                after ``with secondary schools'';
                                  (III) by striking ``mathematics and 
                                science education'' and inserting 
                                ``STEM education'';
                                  (IV) by striking ``secondary school 
                                students'' and inserting ``students at 
                                these schools'';
                                  (V) by striking ``science and 
                                advanced-technology fields'' and 
                                inserting ``STEM and advanced-
                                technology fields''; and
                                  (VI) by striking ``agreements with 
                                local educational agencies'' and 
                                inserting ``articulation agreements or 
                                dual credit courses with local 
                                secondary schools, or other means as 
                                the Director determines appropriate,''; 
                                and
                          (iii) in paragraph (3)--
                                  (I) by striking subparagraph (B);
                                  (II) by striking ``shall--''and all 
                                that follows through ``establish a'' 
                                and inserting ``shall establish a'';
                                  (III) by striking ``the fields of 
                                science, technology, engineering, and 
                                mathematics'' and inserting ``STEM 
                                fields''; and
                                  (IV) by striking ``; and'' and 
                                inserting ``, including jobs at Federal 
                                and academic laboratories.'';
                  (E) in subsection (d)(2)--
                          (i) in subparagraph (D), by striking ``and'' 
                        after the semicolon;
                          (ii) in subparagraph (E), by striking the 
                        period at the end and inserting a ``; and''; 
                        and
                          (iii) by adding at the end the following:
                  ``(F) as appropriate, applications that apply the 
                best practices for STEM education and technical skills 
                education through distance learning or in a simulated 
                work environment, as determined by research described 
                in subsection (f); and'';
                  (F) in subsection (g), by striking the second 
                sentence;
                  (G) in subsection (h)(1)--
                          (i) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``2022'' 
                        and inserting ``2026'';
                          (ii) in subparagraph (B), by striking 
                        ``2022'' and inserting ``2026''; and
                          (iii) in subparagraph (C)--
                                  (I) by striking ``up to $2,500,000'' 
                                and inserting ``not less than 
                                $3,000,000''; and
                                  (II) by striking ``2022'' and 
                                inserting ``2026'';
                  (H) in subsection (i)--
                          (i) by striking paragraph (3); and
                          (ii) by redesignating paragraphs (4) and (5) 
                        as paragraphs (3) and (4), respectively; and
                  (I) in subsection (j)--
                          (i) by striking paragraph (1) and inserting 
                        the following:
          ``(1) the term advanced-technology includes technological 
        fields such as advanced manufacturing, agricultural-, 
        biological- and chemical-technologies, energy and environmental 
        technologies, engineering technologies, information 
        technologies, micro and nano-technologies, cybersecurity 
        technologies, geospatial technologies, and new, emerging 
        technology areas;'';
                          (ii) in paragraph (4), by striking ``separate 
                        bachelor-degree-granting institutions'' and 
                        inserting ``other entities'';
                          (iii) by striking paragraph (7);
                          (iv) by redesignating paragraphs (8) and (9) 
                        as paragraphs (7) and (8), respectively;
                          (v) in paragraph (7), as redesignated by 
                        subparagraph (D), by striking ``and'' after the 
                        semicolon;
                          (vi) in paragraph (8), as redesignated by 
                        subparagraph (D)--
                                  (I) by striking ``mathematics, 
                                science, engineering, or technology'' 
                                and inserting ``science, technology, 
                                engineering, or mathematics''; and
                                  (II) by striking the period at the 
                                end and inserting ``; and''; and
                          (vii) by adding at the end the following:
          ``(9) the term skilled technical workforce means workers--
                  ``(A) in occupations that use significant levels of 
                science and engineering expertise and technical 
                knowledge; and
                  ``(B) whose level of educational attainment is less 
                than a bachelor degree.''.
          (3) Authorization of appropriations.--Section 5 of the 
        Scientific and Advanced-Technology Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 
        1862j) is amended to read as follows:

``SEC. 5. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

  ``There are authorized to be appropriated to the Director for 
carrying out sections 2 through 4, $150,000,000 for fiscal years 2022 
through 2026.''.
  (d) Graduate STEM Education.--
          (1) Mentoring and professional development.--
                  (A) Mentoring plans.--
                          (i) Update.--Section 7008 of the America 
                        Creating Opportunities to Meaningfully Promote 
                        Excellence in Technology, Education, and 
                        Science Act (42 U.S.C. 1862o) is amended by--
                                  (I) inserting ``and graduate 
                                student'' after ``postdoctoral''; and
                                  (II) inserting ``The requirement may 
                                be satisfied by providing such 
                                individuals with access to mentors, 
                                including individuals not listed on the 
                                grant.'' after ``review criterion.''.
                          (ii) Evaluation.--Not later than 45 days 
                        after the date of enactment of this Act, the 
                        Director shall enter into an agreement with a 
                        qualified independent organization to evaluate 
                        the effectiveness of the postdoctoral mentoring 
                        plan requirement for improving mentoring for 
                        Foundation-supported postdoctoral researchers.
                  (B) Career exploration.--
                          (i) In general.--The Director shall award 
                        grants, on a competitive basis, to institutions 
                        of higher education and non-profit 
                        organizations (or consortia of such 
                        institutions or organizations) to develop 
                        innovative approaches for facilitating career 
                        exploration of academic and non-academic career 
                        options and for providing opportunity-
                        broadening experiences, including work-
                        integrated opportunities, for graduate students 
                        and postdoctoral scholars that can then be 
                        considered, adopted, or adapted by other 
                        institutions and to carry out research on the 
                        impact and outcomes of such activities.
                          (ii) Review of proposals.--In selecting grant 
                        recipients under this subparagraph, the 
                        Director shall consider, at a minimum--
                                  (I) the extent to which the 
                                administrators of the institution are 
                                committed to making the proposed 
                                activity a priority; and
                                  (II) the likelihood that the 
                                institution or organization will 
                                sustain or expand the proposed activity 
                                effort beyond the period of the grant.
                  (C) Development plans.--The Director shall require 
                that annual project reports for awards that support 
                graduate students and postdoctoral scholars include 
                certification by the principal investigator that each 
                graduate student and postdoctoral scholar receiving 
                substantial support from such award, as determined by 
                the Director, in consultation with faculty advisors, 
                has developed and annually updated an individual 
                development plan to map educational goals, career 
                exploration, and professional development.
                  (D) Professional development supplement.--The 
                Director shall carry out a five-year pilot initiative 
                to award up to 2,500 administrative supplements of up 
                to $2,000 to existing research grants annually, on a 
                competitive basis, to support professional development 
                experiences for graduate students and postdoctoral 
                researchers who receive a substantial portion of their 
                support under such grants, as determined by the 
                Director. Not more than 10 percent of supplements 
                awarded under this subparagraph may be used to support 
                professional development experiences for postdoctoral 
                researchers.
                  (E) Graduate education research.--The Director shall 
                award grants, on a competitive basis, to institutions 
                of higher education or non-profit organizations (or 
                consortia of such institutions or organizations) to 
                support research on the graduate education system and 
                outcomes of various interventions and policies, 
                including--
                          (i) the effects of traineeships, fellowships, 
                        internships, and teaching and research 
                        assistantships on outcomes for graduate 
                        students;
                          (ii) the effects of graduate education and 
                        mentoring policies and procedures on degree 
                        completion, including differences by--
                                  (I) gender, race and ethnicity, 
                                sexual orientation, gender identity, 
                                and citizenship; and
                                  (II) student debt load;
                          (iii) the development and assessment of new 
                        or adapted interventions, including approaches 
                        that improve mentoring relationships, develop 
                        conflict management skills, and promote healthy 
                        research teams; and
                          (iv) research, data collection, and 
                        assessment of the state of graduate student 
                        mental health and wellbeing, factors 
                        contributing to and consequences of poor 
                        graduate student mental health, and the 
                        development, adaptation, and assessment of 
                        evidence-based strategies and policies to 
                        support emotional wellbeing and mental health.
          (2) Graduate research fellowship program update.--
                  (A) Sense of congress.--It is the sense of Congress 
                that the Foundation should increase the number of new 
                graduate research fellows supported annually over the 
                next 5 years to no fewer than 3,000 fellows.
                  (B) Program update.--Section 10 of the National 
                Science Foundation Act of 1950 (42 U.S.C. 1869) is 
                amended--
                          (i) in subsection (a), by inserting ``and as 
                        will address national workforce demand in 
                        critical STEM fields'' after ``throughout the 
                        United States'';
                          (ii) in subsection (b), by striking ``of 
                        $12,000'' and inserting ``of at least 
                        $16,000''; and
                          (iii) by adding at the end the following:
  ``(c) Outreach.--The Director shall ensure program outreach to 
recruit fellowship applicants from fields of study that are in areas of 
critical national need, from all regions of the country, and from 
historically underrepresented populations in STEM.''.
                  (C) Cybersecurity scholarships and graduate 
                fellowships.--The Director shall ensure that students 
                pursuing master's degrees and doctoral degrees in 
                fields relating to cybersecurity are considered as 
                applicants for scholarships and graduate fellowships 
                under the Graduate Research Fellowship Program under 
                section 10 of the National Science Foundation Act of 
                1950 (42 U.S.C. 1869).
          (3) Study on graduate student funding.--
                  (A) In general.--Not later than 45 days after the 
                date of enactment of this Act, the Director shall enter 
                into an agreement with a qualified independent 
                organization to evaluate--
                          (i) the role of the Foundation in supporting 
                        graduate student education and training through 
                        fellowships, traineeships, and other funding 
                        models; and
                          (ii) the impact of different funding 
                        mechanisms on graduate student experiences and 
                        outcomes, including whether such mechanisms 
                        have differential impacts on subsets of the 
                        student population.
                  (B) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
                enactment of this Act, the organization charged with 
                carrying out the study under subparagraph (A) shall 
                publish the results of its evaluation, including a 
                recommendation for the appropriate balance between 
                fellowships, traineeships, and other funding models.
          (4) Fellowships and traineeships for early-career ai 
        researchers.--
                  (A) Artificial intelligence traineeships.--
                          (i) In general.--The Director of the National 
                        Science Foundation shall award grants to 
                        institutions of higher education to establish 
                        traineeship programs for graduate students who 
                        pursue artificial intelligence-related research 
                        leading to a masters or doctorate degree by 
                        providing funding and other assistance, and by 
                        providing graduate students opportunities for 
                        research experiences in government or industry 
                        related to the students' artificial 
                        intelligence studies.
                          (ii) Use of funds.--A institution of higher 
                        education shall use grant funds provided under 
                        clause (i) for the purposes of--
                                  (I) providing traineeships to 
                                students who are pursuing research in 
                                artificial intelligence leading to a 
                                masters or doctorate degree;
                                  (II) paying tuition and fees for 
                                students receiving traineeships;
                                  (III) creating and requiring courses 
                                or training programs in technology 
                                ethics for students receiving 
                                traineeships;
                                  (IV) creating opportunities for 
                                research in technology ethics for 
                                students receiving traineeships;
                                  (V) establishing scientific 
                                internship programs for students 
                                receiving traineeships in artificial 
                                intelligence at for-profit 
                                institutions, nonprofit research 
                                institutions, or government 
                                laboratories; and
                                  (VI) other costs associated with the 
                                administration of the program.
                  (B) Artificial intelligence fellowships.--The 
                Director of the National Science Foundation shall award 
                fellowships to masters and doctoral students and 
                postdoctoral researchers who are pursuing degrees or 
                research in artificial intelligence and related fields, 
                including in the field of technology ethics. In making 
                such awards, the Director shall conduct outreach, 
                including through formal solicitations, to solicit 
                proposals from students and postdoctoral researchers 
                seeking to carry out research in aspects of technology 
                ethics with relevance to artificial intelligence 
                systems.
  (e) Stem Workforce Data.--
          (1) Skilled technical workforce portfolio review.--
                  (A) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date 
                of enactment of this Act, the Director shall conduct a 
                full portfolio analysis of the Foundation's skilled 
                technical workforce investments across all Directorates 
                in the areas of education, research, infrastructure, 
                data collection, and analysis.
                  (B) Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date 
                of the review under subparagraph (A) is complete, the 
                Director shall submit to Congress and make widely 
                available to the public a summary report of the 
                portfolio review.
          (2) Survey data.--
                  (A) Rotating topic modules.--To meet evolving needs 
                for data on the state of the science and engineering 
                workforce, the Director shall assess, through 
                coordination with other Federal statistical agencies 
                and drawing on input from relevant stakeholders, the 
                feasibility and benefits of incorporating questions or 
                topic modules to existing National Center for Science 
                and Engineering Statistics surveys that would vary from 
                cycle to cycle.
                  (B) New data.--Not later than 1 year after the date 
                of enactment of this Act, the Director shall submit to 
                Congress and the Board the results of an assessment, 
                carried out in coordination with other Federal agencies 
                and with input from relevant stakeholders, of the 
                feasibility and benefits of incorporating new questions 
                or topic modules to existing National Center for 
                Science and Engineering Statistics surveys on--
                          (i) the skilled technical workforce;
                          (ii) working conditions and work-life 
                        balance;
                          (iii) harassment and discrimination;
                          (iv) sexual orientation and gender identity;
                          (v) immigration and emigration; and
                          (vi) any other topics at the discretion of 
                        the Director.
                  (C) Longitudinal design.--The Director shall continue 
                and accelerate efforts to enhance the usefulness of 
                National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics 
                survey data for longitudinal research and analysis.
                  (D) Government accountability office review.--Not 
                later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this 
                Act, the Comptroller General of the United States shall 
                submit a report to Congress that--
                          (i) evaluates Foundation processes for 
                        ensuring the data and analysis produced by the 
                        National Center for Science and Engineering 
                        Statistics meets current and future needs; and
                          (ii) includes such recommendations as the 
                        Comptroller General determines are appropriate 
                        to improve such processes.
  (f) Cyber Workforce Development Research and Development.--
          (1) In general.--The Director shall award grants on a merit-
        reviewed, competitive basis to institutions of higher education 
        or non-profit organizations (or a consortia of such 
        institutions or organizations) to carry out research on the 
        cyber workforce.
          (2) Research.--In carrying out research pursuant to paragraph 
        (1), the Director shall support research and development 
        activities to--
                  (A) Understand the current state of the cyber 
                workforce, including factors that influence growth, 
                retention, and development of that workforce;
                  (B) examine paths to entry and re-entry into the 
                cyber workforce;
                  (C) understand trends of the cyber workforce, 
                including demographic representation, educational and 
                professional backgrounds present, competencies 
                available, and factors that shape employee recruitment, 
                development, and retention and how to increase the 
                size, diversity, and capability of the cyber workforce;
                  (D) examine and evaluate training practices, models, 
                programs, and technologies; and
                  (E) other closely related topics as the Director 
                determines appropriate.
          (3) Requirements.--In carrying out the activities described 
        in paragraph (1), the Director shall--
                  (A) collaborate with the National Institute for 
                Standards and Technology, including the National 
                Initiative for Cybersecurity Education, the Department 
                of Homeland Security, the Department of Defense, the 
                Office of Personnel Management, and other Federal 
                departments and agencies, as appropriate;
                  (B) align with or build on the National Initiative on 
                Cybersecurity Education Cybersecurity Workforce 
                Framework wherever practicable and applicable;
                  (C) leverage the collective body of knowledge from 
                existing cyber workforce development research and 
                education activities; and
                  (D) engage with other Federal departments and 
                agencies, research communities, and potential users of 
                information produced under this subsection.
  (g) Federal Cyber Scholarship-for-Service Program.--
          (1) Sense of congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
                  (A) since cybersecurity risks are constant in the 
                growing digital world, it is critical that the United 
                States stay ahead of malicious cyber activity with a 
                workforce that can safeguard our innovation, research, 
                and work environments; and
                  (B) Federal investments into the Federal Cyber 
                Scholarship-for-Service Program at the National Science 
                Foundation play a critical role in preparing and 
                sustaining a strong, talented, and much-needed national 
                cybersecurity workforce and should be strengthened.
          (2) In general.--Section 302(b)(1) of the Cybersecurity 
        Enhancement Act of 2014 (15 U.S.C. 7442(b)(1)) is amended by 
        striking the semicolon at the end and inserting the following 
        ``and cybersecurity-related aspects of other related fields as 
        appropriate, including artificial intelligence, quantum 
        computing and aerospace.''.
  (h) Cybersecurity Workforce Data Initiative.--The Director, acting 
through the National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics 
established in section 505 of the America COMPETES Reauthorization Act 
of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 1862p) and in coordination with the Director of the 
National Institute of Standards and Technology and other appropriate 
Federal statistical agencies, shall establish a cybersecurity workforce 
data initiative that--
          (1) assesses the feasibility of providing nationally 
        representative estimates and statistical information on the 
        cybersecurity workforce;
          (2) utilizes the National Initiative for Cybersecurity 
        Education (NICE) Cybersecurity Workforce Framework (NIST 
        Special Publication 800-181), or other frameworks, as 
        appropriate, to enable a consistent measurement of the 
        cybersecurity workforce;
          (3) utilizes and complements existing data on employer 
        requirements and unfilled positions in the cybersecurity 
        workforce;
          (4) consults key stakeholders and the broader community of 
        practice in cybersecurity workforce development to determine 
        data requirements needed to strengthen the cybersecurity 
        workforce;
          (5) evaluates existing Federal survey data for information 
        pertinent to developing national estimates of the cybersecurity 
        workforce;
          (6) evaluates administrative data and other supplementary 
        data sources, as available, to describe and measure the 
        cybersecurity workforce; and
          (7) collects statistical data, to the greatest extent 
        practicable, on credential attainment and employment outcomes 
        information for the cybersecurity workforce.

SEC. 6. BROADENING PARTICIPATION.

  (a) Presidential Awards for Excellence in Mathematics and Science 
Teaching.--
          (1) In general.--Section 117(a) of the National Science 
        Foundation Authorization Act of 1988 (42 U.S.C.1881b(a)) is 
        amended--
                  (A) in subparagraph (B)--
                          (i) by striking ``108'' and inserting 
                        ``110'';
                          (ii) by striking clause (iv);
                          (iii) in clause (v), by striking the period 
                        at the end and inserting ``; and'';
                          (iv) by redesignating clauses (i), (ii), 
                        (iii), and (v) as subclauses (I), (II), (III), 
                        and (IV), respectively, and moving the margins 
                        of such subclauses (as so redesignated) two ems 
                        to the right; and
                          (v) by striking ``In selecting teachers'' and 
                        all that follows through ``two teachers--'' and 
                        inserting the following:
  ``(C) In selecting teachers for an award authorized by this 
subsection, the President shall select--
          ``(i) at least two teachers--''; and
                  (B) in subparagraph (C), as designated by paragraph 
                (1)(A)(v), by adding at the end the following:
          ``(ii) at least one teacher--
                  ``(I) from the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana 
                Islands;
                  ``(II) from American Samoa;
                  ``(III) from the Virgin Islands of the United States; 
                and
                  ``(IV) from Guam.''.
          (2) Effective date.--The amendments made by paragraph (1) 
        shall apply with respect to awards made on or after the date of 
        the enactment of this Act.
  (b) Robert Noyce Teacher Scholarship Program Update.--
          (1) Sense of congress.--It is the sense of Congress that over 
        the next five years the Foundation should increase the number 
        of scholarships awarded under the Robert Noyce Teacher 
        Scholarship program established under section 10 of the 
        National Science Foundation Authorization Act of 2002 (42 
        U.S.C. 1862n-1) by 50 percent.
          (2) Outreach.--To increase the diversity of participants, the 
        Director shall support symposia, forums, conferences, and other 
        activities to expand and enhance outreach to--
                  (A) historically Black colleges and universities that 
                are part B institutions, as defined in section 322(2) 
                of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
                1061(2));
                  (B) minority institutions, as defined in section 
                365(3) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
                1067k(3));
                  (C) institutions of higher education that are located 
                near or serve rural communities;
                  (D) labor organizations;
                  (E) emerging research institutions; and
                  (F) higher education programs that serve or support 
                veterans.
  (c) NSF INCLUDES Initiative.--The Director shall award grants and 
cooperative agreements, on a competitive basis, to institutions of 
higher education or non-profit organizations (or consortia of such 
institutions or organizations) to carry out a comprehensive national 
initiative to facilitate the development of networks and partnerships 
to build on and scale up effective practices in broadening 
participation in STEM studies and careers of groups historically 
underrepresented in such studies and careers.
  (d) Broadening Participation on Major Facilities Awards.--The 
Director shall require organizations seeking a cooperative agreement 
for the management of the operations and maintenance of a Foundation 
project to demonstrate prior experience and current capabilities in 
employing best practices in broadening participation in science and 
engineering and ensure implementation of such practices is considered 
in oversight of the award.
  (e) Partnerships With Emerging Research Institutions.--The Director 
shall establish a five-year pilot program to enhance partnerships 
between emerging research institutions and institutions classified as 
very high research activity by the Carnegie Classification of 
Institutions of Higher Education at the time of application. In 
carrying out this program, the Director shall--
          (1) require that each proposal submitted by a multi-
        institution collaboration for an award, including those under 
        section 9, that exceeds $1,000,000, as appropriate, specify how 
        the applicants will support substantive, meaningful, and 
        mutually-beneficial partnerships with one or more emerging 
        research institutions;
          (2) require awardees funded under paragraph (1) to direct no 
        less than 25 percent of the total award to one or more emerging 
        research institutions to build research capacity, including 
        through support for faculty salaries and training, field and 
        laboratory research experiences for undergraduate and graduate 
        students, and maintenance and repair of research equipment and 
        instrumentation;
          (3) require awardees funded under paragraph (1) to report on 
        the partnership activities as part of the annual reporting 
        requirements of the Foundation;
          (4) solicit feedback on the partnership directly from partner 
        emerging research institutions, in such form as the Director 
        deems appropriate; and
          (5) submit a report to Congress after the third year of the 
        pilot program that includes--
                  (A) an assessment, drawing on feedback from the 
                research community and other sources of information, of 
                the effectiveness of the pilot program for improving 
                the quality of partnerships with emerging research 
                institutions; and
                  (B) if deemed effective, a plan for permanent 
                implementation of the pilot program.
  (f) Tribal Colleges and Universities Program Update.--
          (1) In general.--Section 525 of the America COMPETES 
        Reauthorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 1862p-13) is amended--
                  (A) in subsection (a) by--
                          (i) striking ``Native American'' and 
                        inserting ``American Indian, Alaska Native, and 
                        Native Hawaiian''; and
                          (ii) inserting ``post-secondary credentials 
                        and'' before ``associate's''; and
                          (iii) striking ``or baccalaureate degrees'' 
                        and inserting ``, baccalaureate, and graduate 
                        degrees''; and
                  (B) in subsection (b) by striking ``undergraduate''; 
                and
                  (C) in subsection (c) by inserting ``and STEM'' after 
                ``laboratory''.
          (2) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized to 
        be appropriated to the Director to carry out this program 
        $107,250,000 for fiscal year 2022 through fiscal year 2026.
  (g) Diversity in Tech Research.--The Director shall award grants, on 
a competitive basis, to institutions of higher education or non-profit 
organizations (or consortia of such institutions or organizations) to 
support basic and applied research that yields a scientific evidence 
base for improving the design and emergence, development and 
deployment, and management and ultimate effectiveness of organizations 
of all kinds, including research related to diversity, equity, and 
inclusion in the technology sector.
  (h) Continuing Support for EPSCoR.--
          (1) Sense of congress.--
                  (A) In general.--It is the sense of Congress that--
                          (i) since maintaining the Nation's scientific 
                        and economic leadership requires the 
                        participation of talented individuals 
                        nationwide, EPSCoR investments into State 
                        research and education capacities are in the 
                        Federal interest and should be sustained; and
                          (ii) EPSCoR should maintain its experimental 
                        component by supporting innovative methods for 
                        improving research capacity and 
                        competitiveness.
                  (B) Definition of epscor.--In this subsection, the 
                term ``EPSCoR'' has the meaning given the term in 
                section 502 of the America COMPETES Reauthorization Act 
                of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 1862p note).
          (2) Update of epscor.--Section 517(f)(2) of the America 
        COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 1862p-9(f)(2)) 
        is amended--
                  (A) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``and'' at the 
                end; and
                  (B) by adding at the end the following:
                  ``(C) to increase the capacity of rural communities 
                to provide quality STEM education and STEM workforce 
                development programming to students, and teachers; 
                and''.
  (i) Fostering STEM Research Diversity and Capacity Program.--
          (1) In general.--The Director shall establish a program to 
        make awards on a competitive, merit-reviewed basis to eligible 
        institutions to implement and study innovative approaches for 
        building research capacity in order to engage and retain 
        students from a range of institutions and diverse backgrounds 
        in STEM.
          (2) Eligible institution defined.--In this subsection the 
        term ``eligible institution'' means an institution of higher 
        education that, according to the data published by the National 
        Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, is not, on 
        average, among the top 100 institutions in Federal research and 
        development expenditures during the 3 year period prior to the 
        year of the award.
          (3) Purpose.--The program established in paragraph (1) shall 
        be focused on achieving simultaneous impacts at the student, 
        faculty, and institutional levels by increasing the research 
        capacity at eligible institutions and the number of 
        undergraduate and graduate students pursuing STEM degrees from 
        eligible institutions.
          (4) Requirements.--In carrying out this program, the Director 
        shall--
                  (A) require eligible institutions seeking funding 
                under this subsection to submit an application to the 
                Director at such time, in such manner, containing such 
                information and assurances as the Director may require. 
                The application shall include, at a minimum a 
                description of how the eligible institution plans to 
                sustain the proposed activities beyond the duration of 
                the grant;
                  (B) require applicants to identify disciplines and 
                focus areas in which the eligible institution can 
                excel, and explain how the applicant will use the award 
                to build capacity to bolster the institutional research 
                competitiveness of eligible entities to support grants 
                awarded by the Foundation and increase regional and 
                national capacity in STEM;
                  (C) require the awards funded under this subsection 
                to support research and related activities, which may 
                include--
                          (i) development or expansion of research 
                        programs in disciplines and focus areas in 
                        subparagraph (B);
                          (ii) faculty recruitment and professional 
                        development in disciplines and focus areas in 
                        subparagraph (B), including for early-career 
                        researchers;
                          (iii) stipends for undergraduate and graduate 
                        students participating in research in 
                        disciplines and focus areas in subparagraph 
                        (B);
                          (iv) acquisition of instrumentation necessary 
                        to build research capacity at an eligible 
                        institution in disciplines and focus areas in 
                        subparagraph (B);
                          (v) an assessment of capacity-building and 
                        research infrastructure needs;
                          (vi) administrative research development 
                        support; and
                          (vii) other activities necessary to build 
                        research capacity; and
                  (D) require that no eligible institution should 
                receive more than $10,000,000 in any single year of 
                funds made available under this section.
          (5) Additional considerations.--In awarding a grant under 
        this subsection, the Director may also consider--
                  (A) the extent to which the applicant will support 
                students from diverse backgrounds, including first-
                generation undergraduate students;
                  (B) the geographic and institutional diversity of the 
                applying institutions; and
                  (C) how the applicants can leverage public-private 
                partnerships and existing partnerships with Federal 
                Research Agencies.
          (6) Duplication.--The Director shall ensure the awards made 
        under this subsection are complementary and not duplicative of 
        existing program;
          (7) Report.--The Director shall submit a report to Congress 
        after the third year of the program that includes--
                  (A) an assessment of the effectiveness of the program 
                for growing the geographic and institutional diversity 
                of Institutions of Higher Education receiving research 
                awards from the Foundation;
                  (B) an assessment of the quality, quantity and 
                geographic and institutional diversity of Institutions 
                of Higher Education conducting Foundation sponsored 
                research since the establishment of the program in this 
                subsection;
                  (C) an assessment of the quantity and diversity of 
                undergraduate and graduate students graduating from 
                eligible institutions with STEM degrees; and
                  (D) statistical summary data on the program, 
                including the geographic and institutional allocation 
                of award funding, the number and diversity of supported 
                graduate and undergraduate students, and how it 
                contributes to capacity building at eligible entities.
          (8) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized to 
        be appropriated to the Director $150,000,000 for each of the 
        fiscal years 2022 through 2026 to carry out the activities 
        under this subsection.
  (j) Capacity-building Program for Developing Universities.--
          (1) In general.--The Director of the National Science 
        Foundation shall make awards, on a competitive basis, to 
        eligible institutions described in paragraph (2) to support the 
        mission of the Foundation and to build institutional research 
        capacity at eligible institutions.
          (2) Eligible institution.--
                  (A) In general.--To be eligible to receive an award 
                under this subsection, an institution--
                          (i) shall be--
                                  (I) a historically Black college or 
                                university;
                                  (II) a Tribal College or University;
                                  (III) a minority-serving institution; 
                                or
                                  (IV) an institution of higher 
                                education with an established STEM 
                                capacity building program focused on 
                                traditionally underrepresented 
                                populations in STEM, including Native 
                                Hawaiians, Alaska Natives, and Indians; 
                                and
                          (ii) shall have not more than $50,000,000 in 
                        annual federally-financed research and 
                        development expenditures for science and 
                        engineering as reported through the National 
                        Science Foundation Higher Education Research 
                        and Development Survey.
                  (B) Partnerships.--An eligible institution receiving 
                a grant under this subsection may carry out the 
                activities of the grant through a partnership with 
                other entities, including community colleges and other 
                eligible institutions.
          (3) Proposals.--To receive an award under this subsection, an 
        eligible institution shall submit an application to the 
        Director at such time, in such manner, and containing such 
        information as the Director may require, including a plan that 
        describes how the eligible institution will establish or expand 
        research office capacity and how such award would be used to--
                  (A) conduct an assessment of capacity-building and 
                research infrastructure needs of an eligible 
                institution;
                  (B) enhance institutional resources to provide 
                administrative research development support to faculty 
                at an eligible institution;
                  (C) bolster the institutional research 
                competitiveness of an eligible institution to support 
                grants awarded by the Foundation;
                  (D) support the acquisition of instrumentation 
                necessary to build research capacity at an eligible 
                institution in research areas directly associated with 
                the Foundation;
                  (E) increase capability of an eligible institution to 
                move technology into the marketplace;
                  (F) increase engagement with industry to execute 
                research through the SBIR and STTR programs (as defined 
                in section 9(e) of the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 
                638(e)) and direct contracts at an eligible 
                institution;
                  (G) provide student engagement and research training 
                opportunities at the undergraduate, graduate, and 
                postdoctoral levels at an eligible institution;
                  (H) further faculty development initiatives and 
                strengthen institutional research training 
                infrastructure, capacity, and competitiveness of an 
                eligible institution; or
                  (I) address plans and prospects for long-term 
                sustainability of institutional enhancements at an 
                eligible institution resulting from the award 
                including, if applicable, how the award may be 
                leveraged by an eligible institution to build a broader 
                base of support.
          (4) Awards.--Awards made under this subsection shall be for 
        periods of 3 years, and may be extended for periods of not more 
        than 5 years.
          (5) Definitions.--In this subsection:
                  (A) Historically black college or university.--The 
                term ``historically Black college or university'' has 
                the meaning given the term ``part B institution'' in 
                section 322 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
                U.S.C. 1061).
                  (B) Minority-serving institution.--The term 
                ``minority-serving institution'' or ``MSI'' means--
                          (i) a Hispanic-serving institution as defined 
                        in section 502 of the Higher Education Act of 
                        1965 (20 U.S.C. 1101a);
                          (ii) an Alaska Native-serving Institution or 
                        a Native Hawaiian-serving institution as such 
                        terms are defined in section 317 of the Higher 
                        Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1059d); and
                          (iii) a Predominantly Black institution, an 
                        Asian American and Native American Pacific 
                        Islander-serving institution, or a Native 
                        American-serving nontribal institution as such 
                        terms are defined in section 371 of the Higher 
                        Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1067q(c)).
                  (C) Tribal college or university.--The term ``Tribal 
                College or University'' has the meaning given such term 
                in section 316 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
                U.S.C. 1059c).
          (6) Authorization of appropriations.--There are authorized to 
        be appropriated to the Director of the National Science 
        Foundation $100,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2022 through 
        2026 to carry out the activities in this Act.
  (k) Chief Diversity Officer of the NSF.--
          (1) Chief diversity officer.--
                  (A) Appointment.--The Director shall appoint a senior 
                agency official within the Office of the Director as a 
                Chief Diversity Officer.
                  (B) Qualifications.--The Chief Diversity Officer 
                shall have significant experience, within the Federal 
                Government and the science community, with diversity- 
                and inclusion-related matters, including--
                          (i) civil rights compliance;
                          (ii) harassment policy, reviews, and 
                        investigations;
                          (iii) equal employment opportunity; and
                          (iv) disability policy.
                  (C) Oversight.--The Chief Diversity Officer shall 
                direct the Office of Diversity and Inclusion of the 
                Foundation and report directly to the Director in the 
                performance of the duties of the Chief Diversity 
                Officer under this subsection.
          (2) Duties.--The Chief Diversity Officer is responsible for 
        providing advice on policy, oversight, guidance, and 
        coordination with respect to matters of the Foundation related 
        to diversity and inclusion, including ensuring the geographic 
        diversity of the Foundation programs. Other duties may 
        include--
                  (A) establishing and maintaining a strategic plan 
                that publicly states a diversity definition, vision, 
                and goals for the Foundation;
                  (B) defining a set of strategic metrics that are--
                          (i) directly linked to key organizational 
                        priorities and goals;
                          (ii) actionable; and
                          (iii) actively used to implement the 
                        strategic plan under paragraph (1);
                  (C) advising in the establishment of a strategic plan 
                for diverse participation by individuals and 
                institutions of higher education, including community 
                colleges, historically Black colleges and universities, 
                Tribal colleges or universities, minority-serving 
                institutions, institutions of higher education with an 
                established STEM capacity building program focused on 
                traditionally underrepresented populations in STEM, 
                including Native Hawaiians, Alaska Natives, and 
                Indians, and institutions from jurisdictions eligible 
                to participate under section 113 of the National 
                Science Foundation Authorization Act of 1988 (42 U.S.C. 
                1862g);
                  (D) advising in the establishment of a strategic plan 
                for outreach to, and recruiting from, untapped 
                locations and underrepresented populations;
                  (E) advising on a diversity and inclusion strategy 
                for the Foundation's portfolio of PreK-12 STEM 
                education focused programs and activities, including 
                goals for addressing barriers to participation;
                  (F) advising on the application of the Foundation's 
                broader impacts review criterion; and
                  (G) performing such additional duties and exercise 
                such powers as the Director may prescribe.
          (3) Funding.--From any amounts appropriated for the 
        Foundation for each of fiscal years 2022 through 2026, the 
        Director shall allocate $5,000,000 to carry out this subsection 
        for each such year.

SEC. 7. FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH.

  (a) Broader Impacts.--
          (1) Assessment.--Not later than 45 days after the date of 
        enactment of this Act, the Director shall enter into an 
        agreement with a qualified independent organization to assess 
        how the Broader Impacts review criterion is applied across the 
        Foundation and make recommendations for improving the 
        effectiveness for meeting the goals established in section 526 
        of the America Creating Opportunities to Meaningfully Promote 
        Excellence in Technology, Education, and Science 
        Reauthorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 1862p-14).
          (2) Activities.--The Director shall award grants on a 
        competitive basis, to institutions of higher education or non-
        profit organizations (or consortia of such institutions or 
        organizations) to support activities to increase the 
        efficiency, effectiveness, and availability of resources for 
        implementing the Broader Impacts review criterion, including--
                  (A) training and workshops for program officers, 
                merit review panelists, grant office administrators, 
                faculty, and students to improve understanding of the 
                goals and the full range of potential broader impacts 
                available to researchers to satisfy this criterion;
                  (B) repositories and clearinghouses for sharing best 
                practices and facilitating collaboration; and
                  (C) tools for evaluating and documenting societal 
                impacts of research.
  (b) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that the Director 
should continue to identify opportunities to reduce the administrative 
burden on researchers.
  (c) Research Integrity and Security.--
          (1) Office of research security and policy.--The Director 
        shall maintain a Research Security and Policy office within the 
        Office of the Director with no fewer than 4 full time 
        equivalent positions, in addition to the Chief of Research 
        Security established in paragraph (2) of this subsection. The 
        functions of the Research Security and Policy office shall be 
        to coordinate all research security policy issues across the 
        Foundation, including by--
                  (A) consulting and coordinating with the Foundation 
                Office of Inspector General and with other Federal 
                science agencies and intelligence and law enforcement 
                agencies, as appropriate, through the National Science 
                and Technology Council in accordance with the authority 
                provided under section 1746 of the National Defense 
                Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020 (Public Law 116-
                92; 42 U.S.C. 6601 note), to identify and address 
                potential security risks that threaten research 
                integrity and other risks to the research enterprise;
                  (B) serving as the Foundation's primary resource for 
                all issues related to the security and integrity of the 
                conduct of Foundation-supported research;
                  (C) conducting outreach and education activities for 
                awardees on research policies and potential security 
                risks;
                  (D) educating Foundation program managers and other 
                directorate staff on evaluating Foundation awards and 
                awardees for potential security risks; and
                  (E) communicating reporting and disclosure 
                requirements to awardees and applicants for funding.
          (2) Chief of research security.--The Director shall appoint a 
        senior agency official within the Office of the Director as a 
        Chief of Research Security, whose primary responsibility is to 
        manage the office established under paragraph (1).
          (3) Report to congress.--No later than 180 days after the 
        date of enactment of this Act, the Director shall provide a 
        report to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of 
        the House of Representatives, the Committee on Commerce, 
        Science, and Transportation of the Senate, the Committee on 
        Appropriations of the House of Representatives, and the 
        Committee on Appropriations of the Senate on the resources and 
        the number of full time employees needed to carry out the 
        functions of the Office established in paragraph (1).
          (4) Online resource.--The Director shall develop an online 
        resource hosted on the Foundation's website containing up-to-
        date information, tailored for institutions and individual 
        researchers, including--
                  (A) an explanation of Foundation research security 
                policies;
                  (B) unclassified guidance on potential security risks 
                that threaten scientific integrity and other risks to 
                the research enterprise;
                  (C) examples of beneficial international 
                collaborations and how such collaborations differ from 
                foreign government interference efforts that threaten 
                research integrity;
                  (D) promising practices for mitigating security risks 
                that threaten research integrity; and
                  (E) additional reference materials, including tools 
                that assist organizations seeking Foundation funding 
                and awardees in information disclosure to the 
                Foundation.
          (5) Risk assessment center.--The Director shall enter into an 
        agreement with a qualified independent organization to create a 
        new risk assessment center to--
                  (A) help the Foundation develop the online resources 
                under paragraph (4); and
                  (B) help awardees in assessing and identifying issues 
                related to nondisclosure of current and pending 
                research funding, risks to the Foundation merit review 
                process, and other issues that may negatively affect 
                the Foundation proposal and award process due to undue 
                foreign interference.
          (6) Research grants.--The Director shall continue to award 
        grants, on a competitive basis, to institutions of higher 
        education or non-profit organizations (or consortia of such 
        institutions or organizations) to support research on the 
        conduct of research and the research environment, including 
        research on research misconduct or breaches of research 
        integrity and detrimental research practices.
          (7) Authorities.--
                  (A) In general.--In addition to existing authorities 
                for preventing waste, fraud, abuse, and mismanagement 
                of federal funds, the Director, acting through the 
                Office of Research Security and Policy and in 
                coordination with the Foundation's Office of Inspector 
                General, shall have the authority to--
                          (i) conduct risk assessments, including 
                        through the use of open-source analysis and 
                        analytical tools, of research and development 
                        award applications and disclosures to the 
                        Foundation, in coordination with the Risk 
                        Assessment Center established in paragraph (5);
                          (ii) request the submission to the 
                        Foundation, by an institution of higher 
                        education or other organization applying for a 
                        research and development award, of supporting 
                        documentation, including copies of contracts, 
                        grants, or any other agreement specific to 
                        foreign appointments, employment with a foreign 
                        institution, participation in a foreign talent 
                        program and other information reported as 
                        current and pending support for all covered 
                        individuals in a research and development award 
                        application; and
                          (iii) upon receipt and review of the 
                        information provided under clause (ii) and in 
                        consultation with the institution of higher 
                        education or other organization submitting such 
                        information, initiate the substitution or 
                        removal of a covered individual from a research 
                        and development award, reduce the award funding 
                        amount, or suspend or terminate the award if 
                        the Director determines such contracts, grants, 
                        or agreements include obligations that--
                                  (I) interfere with the capacity for 
                                Foundation-supported activities to be 
                                carried out; or
                                  (II) create duplication with 
                                Foundation-supported activities.
                  (B) Limitations.--In exercising the authorities under 
                this paragraph, the Director shall--
                          (i) take necessary steps, as practicable, to 
                        protect the privacy of all covered individuals 
                        and other parties involved in the application 
                        and disclosure assessments under clause (A)(i);
                          (ii) endeavor to provide justification for 
                        requests for supporting documentation made 
                        under clause (A)(ii);
                          (iii) require that allegations be proven by a 
                        preponderance of evidence; and
                          (iv) as practicable, afford subjects an 
                        opportunity to provide comments and rebuttal 
                        and an opportunity to appeal before final 
                        administrative action is taken.
          (8) Malign foreign talent recruitment program prohibition.--
                  (A) In general.--Not later than 12 months after the 
                date of enactment of this Act, the Director shall 
                establish a requirement that, as part of an application 
                for a research and development award from the agency--
                          (i) each covered individual listed on the 
                        application for a research and development 
                        award certify that they are not an active 
                        participant of a malign foreign talent 
                        recruitment program from a foreign country of 
                        concern and will not be a participant in such a 
                        program for the duration of the award; and
                          (ii) each institution of higher education or 
                        other organization applying for such an award 
                        certify that each covered individual who is 
                        employed by the institution of higher education 
                        or other organization has been made aware of 
                        the requirement under this subsection.
                  (B) International collaboration.--Each policy 
                developed under subparagraph (A) shall not prohibit--
                          (i) making scholarly presentations regarding 
                        scientific information not otherwise controlled 
                        under current law;
                          (ii) participation in international 
                        conferences or other international exchanges, 
                        partnerships or programs that involve open and 
                        reciprocal exchange of scientific information, 
                        and which are aimed at advancing international 
                        scientific understanding; and
                          (iii) other international activities deemed 
                        appropriate by the Director.
                  (C) Limitation.--The policy developed under 
                subparagraph (A) shall not apply retroactively to 
                research and development awards made prior to the 
                establishment of the policy by the Director.
                  (D) Definitions.--In this subsection:
                          (i) Covered individual.--The term ``covered 
                        individual'' means the principal investigator, 
                        co-principal investigators, and any other 
                        person at the institution who is responsible 
                        for the design, conduct, or reporting of 
                        research or educational activities funded or 
                        proposed for funding by the Foundation.
                          (ii) Foreign country of concern.--The term 
                        ``foreign country of concern'' means the 
                        People's Republic of China, the Democratic 
                        People's Republic of Korea, the Russian 
                        Federation, the Islamic Republic of Iran, or 
                        any other country deemed to be a country of 
                        concern as determined by the Department of 
                        State.
                          (iii) Malign foreign government talent 
                        recruitment program.--The term ``malign foreign 
                        government talent recruitment program'' means 
                        any program or activity that includes 
                        compensation, including cash, research funding, 
                        honorific titles, promised future compensation, 
                        or other types of remuneration, provided by the 
                        foreign state or an entity sponsored by the 
                        foreign state to the targeted individual in 
                        exchange for the individual transferring 
                        knowledge and expertise to the foreign country.
          (9) Security training modules.--
                  (A) In general.--Not later than 90 days after the 
                date of enactment of this Act, the Director, in 
                collaboration with the Director of the National 
                Institutes of Health and other relevant Federal 
                research agencies, shall enter into an agreement or 
                contract with a qualified entity for the development of 
                online research security training modules for the 
                research community, including modules focused on 
                international collaboration and international travel, 
                foreign interference, and rules for proper use of 
                funds, disclosure, conflict of commitment, and conflict 
                of interest.
                  (B) Stakeholder input.--Prior to entering into the 
                agreement under clause (A), the Director shall seek 
                input from academic, private sector, intelligence, and 
                law enforcement stakeholders regarding the scope and 
                content of training modules, including the diversity of 
                needs across institutions of higher education and other 
                grantees of different sizes and types, and 
                recommendations for minimizing administrative burden on 
                institutions of higher education and researchers.
                  (C) Development.--The Director shall ensure that the 
                entity identified in (A)--
                          (i) develops modules that can be adapted and 
                        utilized across Federal science agencies; and
                          (ii) develops and implements a plan for 
                        regularly updating the modules as needed.
                  (D) Guidelines.--The Director, in collaboration with 
                the Director of the National Institutes of Health, 
                shall develop guidelines for institutions of higher 
                education and other organizations receiving Federal 
                research and development funds to use in developing 
                their own training programs to address the unique 
                needs, challenges, and risk profiles of such 
                institutions, including adoption of training modules 
                developed under this paragraph.
                  (E) Implementation.--Drawing on stakeholder input 
                under subparagraph (B), not later than 12 months after 
                the date of enactment of this Act, the Director shall 
                establish a requirement that, as part of an application 
                for a research and development award from the 
                Foundation--
                          (i) each covered individual listed on the 
                        application for a research and development 
                        award certify that they have completed research 
                        security training that meets the guidelines 
                        developed under clause (D) within one year of 
                        the application; and
                          (ii) each institution of higher education or 
                        other organization applying for such award 
                        certify that each covered individual who is 
                        employed by the institution or organization and 
                        listed on the application has been made aware 
                        of the requirement under this subparagraph.
                  (F) Definitions.--In this subsection:
                          (i) Covered individual.--The term ``covered 
                        individual'' means the principal investigator, 
                        co-principal investigators, and any other 
                        person at the institution who is responsible 
                        for the design, conduct, or reporting of 
                        research or educational activities funded or 
                        proposed for funding by the Foundation.
                          (ii) Federal research agency.--The term 
                        ``Federal research agency'' means any Federal 
                        agency with an annual extramural research 
                        expenditure of over $100,000,000.
                          (iii) Research and development award.--The 
                        term ``research and development award'' means 
                        support provided to an individual or entity by 
                        a Federal research agency to carry out research 
                        and development activities, which may include 
                        support in the form of a grant, contract, 
                        cooperative agreement, or other such 
                        transaction. The term does not include a grant, 
                        contract, agreement or other transaction for 
                        the procurement of goods or services to meet 
                        the administrative needs of a Federal research 
                        agency.
          (10) Responsible conduct in research training.--Section 7009 
        of the America Creating Opportunities to Meaningfully Promote 
        Excellence in Technology, Education, and Science Act (42 U.S.C. 
        1862o-1) is amended by--
                  (A) striking ``and postdoctoral researchers'' and 
                inserting ``postdoctoral researchers, faculty, and 
                other senior personnel''; and
                  (B) by inserting before the period at the end the 
                following ``, including mentor training''.
          (11) National academies guide to responsible conduct in 
        research.--
                  (A) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the 
                date of enactment of this Act, the Director shall enter 
                into an agreement with the Academies to update the 
                report entitled ``On Being a Scientist: A Guide to 
                Responsible Conduct in Research'' issued by the 
                Academies. The report, as so updated, shall include--
                          (i) updated professional standards of conduct 
                        in research;
                          (ii) promising practices for preventing, 
                        addressing, and mitigating the negative impact 
                        of harassment, including sexual harassment and 
                        gender harassment as defined in the 2018 
                        Academies report entitled ``Sexual Harassment 
                        of Women: Climate, Culture, and Consequences in 
                        Academic Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine''; 
                        and
                          (iii) promising practices for mitigating 
                        potential security risks that threaten research 
                        integrity.
                  (B) Report.--Not later than 18 months after the 
                effective date of the agreement under subparagraph (A), 
                the Academies, as part of such agreement, shall submit 
                to the Director and the Committee on Science, Space, 
                and Technology of the House of Representatives and the 
                Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of 
                the Senate the report referred to in such subparagraph, 
                as updated pursuant to such subparagraph.
  (d) Research Ethics.--
          (1) Sense of congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
                  (A) a number of emerging areas of research have 
                potential ethical, social, safety, and security 
                implications that might be apparent as early as the 
                basic research stage;
                  (B) the incorporation of ethical, social, safety, and 
                security considerations into the research design and 
                review process for Federal awards, may help mitigate 
                potential harms before they happen;
                  (C) the Foundation's agreement with the Academies to 
                conduct a study and make recommendations with respect 
                to governance of research in emerging technologies is a 
                positive step toward accomplishing this goal; and
                  (D) the Foundation should continue to work with 
                stakeholders to understand and adopt policies that 
                promote best practices for governance of research in 
                emerging technologies at every stage of research.
          (2) Ethics statements.--Drawing on stakeholder input, not 
        later than 18 months after the date of enactment of this Act, 
        the Director shall amend award proposal instructions to include 
        a requirement for an ethics statement to be included as part of 
        any proposal for funding prior to making the award. Such 
        statement shall be considered by the Director in the review of 
        proposals, taking into consideration any relevant input from 
        the peer-reviewers for the proposal, and shall factor into 
        award decisions as deemed necessary by the Director. Such 
        statements may include, as appropriate--
                  (A) any foreseeable or quantifiable risks to society, 
                including how the research could enable products, 
                technologies, or other outcomes that could 
                intentionally or unintentionally cause significant 
                societal harm;
                  (B) how technical or social solutions can mitigate 
                such risks and, as appropriate, a plan to implement 
                such mitigation measures; and
                  (C) how partnerships and collaborations in the 
                research can help mitigate potential harm and amplify 
                potential societal benefits.
          (3) Guidance.--The Director shall solicit stakeholder input 
        to develop clear guidance on what constitutes a foreseeable or 
        quantifiable risk as described in paragraph (2)(A), and to the 
        extent practicable harmonize this policy with existing ethical 
        policies or related requirements for human subjects.
          (4) Research.--The Director shall award grants, on a 
        competitive basis, to institutions of higher education or non-
        profit organizations (or consortia of such institutions or 
        organizations) to support--
                  (A) research to assess the potential ethical and 
                societal implications of Foundation-supported research 
                and products or technologies enabled by such research, 
                including the benefits and risks identified pursuant to 
                paragraph (2)(A); and
                  (B) the development and verification of approaches to 
                proactively mitigate foreseeable risks to society, 
                including the technical and social solutions identified 
                pursuant to paragraph (2)(B).
          (5) Annual report.--The Director shall encourage awardees to 
        update their ethics statements as appropriate as part of the 
        annual reports required by all awardees under the award terms 
        and conditions.
  (e) Research Reproducibility and Replicability.--Consistent with 
existing Federal law for privacy, intellectual property, and security, 
the Director shall facilitate the public access to research products, 
including data, software, and code, developed as part of Foundation-
supported projects.
          (1) Data management plans.--
                  (A) The Director shall require that every proposal 
                for funding for research include a machine-readable 
                data management plan that includes a description of how 
                the awardee will archive and preserve public access to 
                data, software, and code developed as part of the 
                proposed project.
                  (B) In carrying out the requirement in subparagraph 
                (A), the Director shall--
                          (i) provide necessary resources, including 
                        trainings and workshops, to educate researchers 
                        and students on how to develop and review high 
                        quality data management plans;
                          (ii) ensure program officers and merit review 
                        panels are equipped with the resources and 
                        training necessary to review the quality of 
                        data management plans; and
                          (iii) ensure program officers and merit 
                        review panels treat data management plans as 
                        essential elements of grant proposals, where 
                        appropriate.
          (2) Open repositories.--The Director shall--
                  (A) coordinate with the heads of other Federal 
                science agencies, and solicit input from the scientific 
                community, to develop and widely disseminate a set of 
                criteria for trusted open repositories, accounting for 
                discipline-specific needs and necessary protections for 
                sensitive information, to be used by Federally funded 
                researchers for the sharing of data, software, and 
                code;
                  (B) work with stakeholders to identify significant 
                gaps in available repositories meeting the criteria 
                developed under subparagraph (A) and options for 
                supporting the development of additional or enhanced 
                repositories;
                  (C) award grants on a competitive basis to 
                institutions of higher education or non-profit 
                organizations (or consortia of such institutions or 
                organizations) for the development, upgrades, and 
                maintenance of open data repositories that meet the 
                criteria developed under subparagraph (A);
                  (D) work with stakeholders and build on existing 
                models, where appropriate, to establish a single, 
                public, web-based point of access to help users locate 
                repositories storing data, software, and code resulting 
                from or used in Foundation-supported projects;
                  (E) work with stakeholders to establish the necessary 
                policies and procedures and allocate the necessary 
                resources to ensure, as practicable, data underlying 
                published findings resulting from Foundation-supported 
                projects are deposited in repositories meeting the 
                criteria developed under subparagraph (A) at the time 
                of publication;
                  (F) incentivize the deposition of data, software, and 
                code into repositories that meet the criteria developed 
                under subparagraph (A); and
                  (G) coordinate with the scientific publishing 
                community to develop uniform consensus standards around 
                data archiving and sharing.
          (3) Research, development, and education.--The Director shall 
        award grants, on a competitive basis to institutions of higher 
        education or non-profit organizations (or consortia of such 
        institutions or organizations) to--
                  (A) support research and development of open source, 
                sustainable, usable tools and infrastructure that 
                support reproducibility for a broad range of studies 
                across different disciplines;
                  (B) support research on computational 
                reproducibility, including the limits of 
                reproducibility and the consistency of computational 
                results in the development of new computation hardware, 
                tools, and methods; and
                  (C) support the education and training of students, 
                faculty, and researchers on computational methods, 
                tools, and techniques to improve the quality and 
                sharing of data, code, and supporting metadata to 
                produce reproducible research.
  (f) Climate Change Research.--
          (1) In general.--The Director shall award grants, on a 
        competitive basis, to institutions of higher education or non-
        profit organizations (or consortia of such institutions or 
        organizations) to support research to improve our understanding 
        of the climate system and related human and environmental 
        systems.
          (2) Use of funds.--Activities funded by a grant under this 
        subsection may include--
                  (A) fundamental research on climate forcings, 
                feedbacks, responses, and thresholds in the earth 
                system, including impacts on and contributions from 
                local and regional systems;
                  (B) research on climate-related human behaviors and 
                institutions;
                  (C) research on climate-related risk, vulnerability, 
                resilience, and adaptive capacity of coupled human-
                environment systems, including risks to ecosystem 
                stability and risks to vulnerable populations;
                  (D) research to support the development and 
                implementation of effective strategies and tools for 
                mitigating and adapting to climate change, including 
                social strategies and research focused on local level 
                forecasting, impacts, and challenges;
                  (E) research on the design, development, and 
                assessment of effective information and decision-
                support systems, including understanding and developing 
                effective dissemination pathways;
                  (F) improved modeling, projections, analyses, and 
                assessments of climate and other Earth system changes;
                  (G) research to understand the atmospheric processes 
                related to solar radiation management strategies and 
                technologies and examine related economic, 
                geopolitical, societal, environmental, and ethical 
                implications, not including research designed to 
                advance future deployment of these strategies and 
                technologies.
                  (H) the development of effective strategies for 
                educating and training future climate change 
                researchers, and climate change response and mitigation 
                professionals, in both research and development 
                methods, as well as community engagement and science 
                communication;
                  (I) the development of effective strategies for 
                public and community engagement in the all stages of 
                the research and development process; and
                  (J) partnerships with other agencies to address 
                climate related challenges for specific agency 
                missions.
  (g) Violence Research.--
          (1) In general.--The Director shall award grants, on a 
        competitive basis, to institutions of higher education or non-
        profit organizations (or consortia of such institutions or 
        organizations) to support research to improve our understanding 
        of the nature, scope, causes, consequences, prevention, and 
        response to all forms of violence.
          (2) Use of funds.--Activities funded by a grant under this 
        subsection may include--
                  (A) research on the magnitude and distribution of 
                fatal and nonfatal violence;
                  (B) research on risk and protective factors;
                  (C) research on the design, development, 
                implementation, and evaluation of interventions for 
                preventing and responding to violence;
                  (D) research on scaling up effective interventions; 
                and
                  (E) one or more interdisciplinary research centers to 
                conduct violence research, foster new and expanded 
                collaborations, and support capacity building 
                activities to increase the number and diversity of new 
                researchers trained in cross-disciplinary violence 
                research.
  (h) Social, Behavioral, and Economic Sciences.--The Director shall--
          (1) actively communicate opportunities and solicit proposals 
        for social, behavioral, and economic science researchers to 
        participate in cross-cutting and interdisciplinary programs, 
        including the Convergence Accelerator and Big Ideas activities, 
        and the Mid-Scale Research Infrastructure program; and
          (2) ensure social, behavioral, and economic science 
        researchers are represented on relevant merit review panels for 
        such activities.
  (i) Measuring Impacts of Federally Funded R&D.----The Director shall 
award grants on a competitive, merit-reviewed basis to institutions of 
higher education or non-profit organizations (or consortia of such 
institutions or organizations) to support research and development of 
data, models, indicators, and associated analytical tools to improve 
our understanding of the impacts of Federally funded research on 
society, the economy, and the workforce, including domestic job 
creation.
  (j) Food-energy-water Research.--The Director shall award grants on a 
competitive basis to institutions of higher education or non-profit 
organizations (or consortia of such institutions or organizations) to--
          (1) support research to significantly advance our 
        understanding of the food-energy-water system through 
        quantitative and computational modeling, including support for 
        relevant cyberinfrastructure;
          (2) develop real-time, cyber-enabled interfaces that improve 
        understanding of the behavior of food-energy-water systems and 
        increase decision support capability;
          (3) support research that will lead to innovative solutions 
        to critical food-energy-water system problems; and
          (4) grow the scientific workforce capable of studying and 
        managing the food-energy-water system, through education and 
        other professional development.
  (k) Biological Field Stations and Marine Laboratories.--The Director 
shall continue to support enhancing, repairing and maintaining research 
instrumentation, laboratories, telecommunications and housing at 
biological field stations and marine laboratories.
  (l) Sustainable Chemistry Research and Education.--In accordance with 
section 263 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 
2021, the Director shall carry out activities in support of sustainable 
chemistry, including--
          (1) establishing a program to award grants, on a competitive 
        basis, to institutions of higher education or non-profit 
        organizations (or consortia of such institutions or 
        organizations) to support--
                  (A) individual investigators and teams of 
                investigators, including to the extent practicable, 
                early career investigators for research and 
                development;
                  (B) collaborative research and development 
                partnerships among universities, industry, and non-
                profit organizations; and
                  (C) integrating sustainable chemistry principles into 
                elementary, secondary, undergraduate, and graduate 
                chemistry and chemical engineering curriculum and 
                research training, as appropriate to that level of 
                education and training; and
          (2) incorporating sustainable chemistry into existing 
        Foundation research and development programs.
  (m) Risk and Resilience Research.--The Director shall award grants on 
a competitive basis to institutions of higher education or non-profit 
organizations (or consortia of such institutions or organizations) to 
advance knowledge of risk assessment and predictability and to support 
the creation of tools and technologies, including advancing data 
analytics and utilization of artificial intelligence, for increased 
resilience through--
          (1) improvements in our ability to understand, model, and 
        predict extreme events and natural hazards, including 
        pandemics;
          (2) the creation of novel engineered systems solutions for 
        resilient complex infrastructures, particularly those that 
        address critical interdependence among infrastructures and 
        leverage the growing infusion of cyber-physical-social 
        components into the infrastructures;
          (3) development of equipment and instrumentation for 
        innovation in resilient engineered infrastructures;
          (4) multidisciplinary research on the behaviors individuals 
        and communities engage in to detect, perceive, understand, 
        predict, assess, mitigate, and prevent risks and to improve and 
        increase resilience.
          (5) advancements in multidisciplinary wildfire science, 
        including those related to air quality impacts, human behavior, 
        and early detection and warning; and
  (n) UAV Technologies.--The Director shall carry out a program of 
research and related activities for unmanned aerial vehicle 
technologies, which may include a prize competition pursuant to section 
24 of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 
3719) and support for undergraduate and graduate curriculum 
development.
  (o) Leveraging International Expertise in Research.--The Director 
shall explore and advance opportunities for leveraging international 
capabilities and resources that align with the Foundation and United 
States research community priorities and have the potential to benefit 
United States prosperity, security, health, and well-being, including 
through binational research and development organizations and 
foundations and by sending teams of Foundation scientific staff for 
site visits of scientific facilities and agencies in other countries.
  (p) Biological Research Collections.--
          (1) In general.--The Director shall continue to support 
        databases, tools, methods, and other activities that secure and 
        improve existing physical and digital biological research 
        collections, improve the accessibility of collections and 
        collection-related data for research and educational purposes, 
        develop capacity for curation and collection management, and to 
        transfer ownership of collections that are significant to the 
        biological research community, including to museums and 
        universities.
          (2) Specimen management plan.--In consultation with other 
        relevant Federal science agencies, the Director shall require 
        that every proposal for funding for research that involves 
        collecting or generating specimens include a specimen 
        management plan that includes a description of how the 
        specimens and associated data will be accessioned into and 
        permanently maintained in an established biological collection.
          (3) Action center for biological collections.--The Director 
        shall award grants on a competitive basis to institutions of 
        higher education or non-profit organizations (or consortia of 
        such institutions or organizations) to establish an Action 
        Center for Biological Collections to facilitate coordination 
        and data sharing among communities of practice for research, 
        education, workforce training, evaluation, and business model 
        development.
  (q) Clean Water Research and Technology Acceleration.--The Director 
shall award grants on a competitive, merit-reviewed basis to 
institutions of higher education or non-profit organizations (or 
consortia of such institutions or organizations) to--
          (1) support transdisciplinary research to significantly 
        advance our understanding of water availability, quality, and 
        dynamics and the impact of human activity and a changing 
        climate on urban and rural water and wastewater systems;
          (2) develop, pilot and deploy innovative technologies, 
        systems, and other approaches to identifying and addressing 
        challenges that affect water availability, quality, and 
        security, including through direct engagement with affected 
        communities and partnerships with the private sector, State, 
        tribal, and local governments, non-profit organizations and 
        water management professionals; and
          (3) grow the scientific workforce capable of studying and 
        managing water and wastewater systems, through education, 
        training, and other professional development.
  (r) Technology and Behavioral Science Research.--The Director shall 
award grants on a merit-based, competitive basis for research to--
          (1) increase understanding of social media and consumer 
        technology access and use patterns and related psychological 
        and behavioral issues, particularly for adolescents; and
          (2) explore the role of social media and consumer technology 
        in rising rates of depressive symptoms, suicidal ideation, drug 
        use, and deaths of despair, particularly for communities 
        experiencing long-term economic distress.
  (s) Manufacturing Research Amendment.--Section 506(a) of the America 
COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 1862p-1(a)) is 
amended--
          (1) in paragraph (5), by striking ``and'' at the end;
          (2) in paragraph (6)--
                  (A) by striking ``and'' before ``virtual 
                manufacturing''; and
                  (B) by striking the period at the end and inserting 
                ``; and artificial intelligence and machine 
                learning;''; and
          (3) by adding at the end the following:
          ``(7) additive manufacturing, including new material designs, 
        complex materials, rapid printing techniques, and real-time 
        process controls; and
          ``(8) continuous manufacturing of biological products and 
        similar innovating monitoring and control techniques.''.
  (t) Critical Minerals Mining Research and Development.--
          (1) In general.--The Director of the National Science 
        Foundation shall award grants, on a competitive basis, to 
        institutions of higher education or nonprofit organizations (or 
        consortium of such institutions or organizations) to support 
        basic research that will accelerate innovation to advance 
        critical minerals mining strategies and technologies for the 
        purpose of making better use of domestic resources and 
        eliminating national reliance on minerals and mineral materials 
        that are subject to supply disruptions.
          (2) Use of funds.--Activities funded by a grant under this 
        subsection may include--
                  (A) advancing mining research and development 
                activities to develop new mapping and mining 
                technologies and techniques, including advanced 
                critical mineral extraction, production, separation, 
                alloying, or processing techniques and technologies 
                that can decrease energy intensity, potential 
                environmental impact and costs of those activities;
                  (B) conducting long-term earth observation of 
                reclaimed mine sites, including the study of the 
                evolution of microbial diversity at such sites;
                  (C) examining the application of artificial 
                intelligence for geological exploration of critical 
                minerals, including what the size and diversity of data 
                sets would be required;
                  (D) examining the application of machine learning for 
                detection and sorting of critical minerals, including 
                what the size and diversity of data sets would be 
                required;
                  (E) conducting detailed isotope studies of critical 
                minerals and the development of more refined geologic 
                models;
                  (F) improved understanding of the geological and 
                geochemical processes through which critical minerals 
                form and are concentrated into economically viable 
                deposits; or
                  (G) providing training and researcher opportunities 
                to undergraduate and graduate students to prepare the 
                next generation of mining engineers and researchers.
          (3) Existing programs.--The Director shall ensure awards made 
        under this subsection are complementary and not duplicative of 
        existing programs across the foundation and Federal Government.
  (u) Study of AI Research Capacity.--
          (1) In general.--The Director of the National Science 
        Foundation shall conduct a study, or support the development of 
        a study through the Science and Technology Policy Institute or 
        by any other appropriate organization as determined by the 
        Director, on artificial intelligence research capacity at U.S. 
        institutions of higher education.
          (2) Study contents.--The Director shall ensure that, at a 
        minimum, the study under subsection (a) addresses the following 
        topics:
                  (A) Which universities are putting out significant 
                peer-reviewed artificial intelligence research, 
                including based on quantity and number of citations.
                  (B) For each of the universities described in 
                paragraph (1), what specific factors enable their AI 
                research, including computing power, data sets and 
                availability, specialized curriculum, and industry and 
                other partnerships.
                  (C) How universities not included in paragraph (1) 
                could implement the factors in paragraph (2) to produce 
                AI research, as well as case studies that universities 
                can look to as examples and potential pilot programs 
                that the Federal Government could develop or support to 
                help universities produce AI research.
          (3) Workshops.--The Director may support workshops to help 
        inform the study required under this subsection.
          (4) Publication.--The Director shall ensure that the study 
        carried out under this subsection is made publicly available 
        not later than 12 months after the date of enactment of this 
        Act.
  (v) Advancing IoT for Precision Agriculture.--
          (1) National science foundation directive on agricultural 
        sensor research.--In awarding grants under its sensor systems 
        and networked systems programs, the Director shall include in 
        consideration of portfolio balance research and development on 
        sensor connectivity in environments of intermittent 
        connectivity and intermittent computation--
                  (A) to improve the reliable use of advance sensing 
                systems in rural and agricultural areas; and
                  (B) that considers--
                          (i) direct gateway access for locally stored 
                        data;
                          (ii) attenuation of signal transmission;
                          (iii) loss of signal transmission; and
                          (iv) at-scale performance for wireless power.
          (2) Updating considerations for precision agriculture 
        technology within the nsf advanced technical education 
        program.--Section 3 of the Scientific and Advanced-Technology 
        Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 1862i) is amended in subsection (e)(3)--
                  (A) in subparagraph (C), by striking ``and'' after 
                the semicolon;
                  (B) in subparagraph (D), by striking the period at 
                the end and inserting ``; and''; and
                  (C) by adding at the end the following:
                  ``(E) applications that incorporate distance learning 
                tools and approaches.''.
          (3) GAO review.--Not later than 18 months after the date of 
        enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General of the United 
        States shall provide--
                  (A) a technology assessment of precision agriculture 
                technologies, such as the existing use of--
                          (i) sensors, scanners, radio-frequency 
                        identification, and related technologies that 
                        can monitor soil properties, irrigation 
                        conditions, and plant physiology;
                          (ii) sensors, scanners, radio-frequency 
                        identification, and related technologies that 
                        can monitor livestock activity and health;
                          (iii) network connectivity and wireless 
                        communications that can securely support 
                        digital agriculture technologies in rural and 
                        remote areas;
                          (iv) aerial imagery generated by satellites 
                        or unmanned aerial vehicles;
                          (v) ground-based robotics;
                          (vi) control systems design and connectivity, 
                        such as smart irrigation control systems;
                          (vii) Global Positioning System-based 
                        applications; and
                          (viii) data management software and advanced 
                        analytics that can assist decision making and 
                        improve agricultural outcomes; and
                  (B) a review of Federal programs that provide support 
                for precision agriculture research, development, 
                adoption, education, or training, in existence on the 
                date of enactment of this Act.
  (w) Astronomy and Satellite Constellations.--The Director shall 
support research into and the design, development, and testing of 
mitigation measures to address the impact of satellite constellations 
on Foundation scientific programs by--
          (1) awarding grants on a competitive basis to support 
        investigations into the impacts of satellite constellations on 
        ground-based optical, infrared, and radio astronomy, including 
        through existing programs such Spectrum and Wireless Innovation 
        enabled by Future Technologies (SWIFT) and the Spectrum 
        Innovation Initiative;
          (2) supporting research on satellite impacts and benefits and 
        mitigation strategies to be carried out at one or more 
        Foundation supported Federally Funded Research and Development 
        Centers or large facilities, as appropriate; and
          (3) supporting workshops related to the impact of satellite 
        constellations on scientific research and how those 
        constellations could be used to improve scientific research.

SEC. 8. RESEARCH INFRASTRUCTURE.

  (a) Facility Operation and Maintenance.--
          (1) In general.--The Director shall continue the Facility 
        Operation Transition pilot program for a total of five years.
          (2) Cost sharing.--The Facility Operation Transition program 
        shall provide funding for 10-50 percent of the operations and 
        maintenance costs for major research facilities that are within 
        the first five years of operation, where the share is 
        determined based on--
                  (A) the operations and maintenance costs of the major 
                research facility; and
                  (B) the capacity of the managing directorate or 
                division to absorb such costs.
          (3) Report.--After the fifth year of the pilot program, the 
        Director shall transmit a report to Congress that includes--
                  (A) an assessment, that includes feedback from the 
                research community, of the effectiveness of the pilot 
                program for--
                          (i) supporting research directorates and 
                        divisions in balancing investments in research 
                        grants and funding for the initial operation 
                        and maintenance of major facilities;
                          (ii) incentivizing the development of new 
                        world-class facilities;
                          (iii) facilitating interagency and 
                        international partnerships;
                          (iv) funding core elements of multi-
                        disciplinary facilities; and
                          (v) supporting facility divestment costs; and
                  (B) if deemed effective, a plan for permanent 
                implementation of the pilot program.
  (b) Reviews.--The Director shall periodically carry out reviews 
within each of the directorates and divisions to assess the cost and 
benefits of extending the operations of research facilities that have 
exceeded their planned operational lifespan.
  (c) Helium Conservation.--
          (1) Major research instrumentation support.--
                  (A) In general.--The Director shall support, through 
                the Major Research Instrumentation program, proposal 
                requests that include the purchase, installation, 
                operation, and maintenance of equipment and 
                instrumentation to reduce consumption of helium.
                  (B) Cost sharing.--The Director may waive the cost-
                sharing requirement for helium conservation measures 
                for non-Ph.D.-granting institutions of higher education 
                and Ph.D.-granting institutions of higher education 
                that are not ranked among the top 100 institutions 
                receiving Federal research and development funding, as 
                documented by the National Center for Science and 
                Engineering Statistics.
          (2) Annual report.--No later than 1 year after the date of 
        enactment of this Act and annually for the subsequent two 
        years, the Director shall submit an annual report to Congress 
        on the use of funding awarded by the Foundation for the 
        purchase and conservation of helium. The report should 
        include--
                  (A) the volume and price of helium purchased;
                  (B) changes in pricing and availability of helium; 
                and
                  (C) any supply disruptions impacting a substantial 
                number of institutions.
  (d) Advanced Computing.--
          (1) Computing needs.--To gather information about the 
        computational needs of Foundation-funded projects, the Director 
        shall require grant proposals submitted to the Foundation, as 
        appropriate, to include estimates of computational resource 
        needs for projects that require use of advanced computing. The 
        Director shall encourage and provide access to tools that 
        facilitate the inclusion of these measures, including those 
        identified in the 2016 Academies report entitled ``Future 
        Directions for NSF Advanced Computing Infrastructure to Support 
        U.S. Science and Engineering in 2017-2020''.
          (2) Reports.--The Director shall document and publish every 
        two years a summary of the amount and types of advanced 
        computing capabilities that are needed to fully meet the 
        Foundation's project needs as identified under paragraph (1).
          (3) Roadmap.--To set priorities and guide strategic decisions 
        regarding investments in advanced computing capabilities, the 
        Director shall develop, publish, and regularly update a 5-year 
        advanced computing roadmap that--
                  (A) describes the advanced computing resources and 
                capabilities that would fully meet anticipated project 
                needs, including through investments in the Mid-Scale 
                Research Infrastructure program and the Major Research 
                Equipment and Facilities Construction account;
                  (B) draws on community input, information contained 
                in research proposals, allocation requests, insights 
                from Foundation-funded cyber-infrastructure operators, 
                and Foundation-wide information gathering regarding 
                community needs;
                  (C) considers computational needs of planned major 
                facilities;
                  (D) reflects anticipated technology trends;
                  (E) informs users and potential partners about future 
                facilities and services;
                  (F) addresses the needs of groups historically 
                underrepresented in STEM and geographic regions with 
                low availability and high demand for advanced computing 
                resources;
                  (G) considers how Foundation-supported advanced 
                computing capabilities can be leveraged for activities 
                through the Directorate for Science and Engineering 
                Solutions; and
                  (H) provides an update to Congress about the level of 
                funding necessary to fully meet computational resource 
                needs for the research community.
          (4) Securing american research from cyber theft.--
                  (A) Networking and information technology research 
                and development update.--Section 101(a)(1) of the High-
                Performance Computing Act of 1991 (15 U.S.C. 5511) is 
                amended--
                          (i) by moving the margins of subparagraphs 
                        (D) and (J) through (O) two ems to the left;
                          (ii) by redesignating subparagraphs (J) 
                        through (O) as subparagraphs (K) through (P), 
                        respectively; and
                          (iii) by inserting after subparagraph (I) the 
                        following:
          ``(J) provide for improving the security, reliability, and 
        resiliency of computing and networking systems used by 
        institutions of higher education and other nonprofit research 
        institutions for the processing, storage and transmission of 
        sensitive federally funded research and associated data;''.
                  (B) Computing enclave pilot program.--
                          (i) In general.--The Director of the National 
                        Science Foundation, in consultation with the 
                        Director of the National Institute of Standards 
                        and Technology and the Secretary of Energy, 
                        shall establish a pilot program to award grants 
                        to ensure the security of federally-supported 
                        research data and to assist regional 
                        institutions of higher education and their 
                        researchers in compliance with regulations 
                        regarding the safeguarding of sensitive 
                        information and other relevant regulations and 
                        Federal guidelines.
                          (ii) Structure.--In carrying out the pilot 
                        program established pursuant to clause (i), the 
                        Director shall select three institutions of 
                        higher education from among institutions 
                        classified under the Indiana University Center 
                        for Postsecondary Research Carnegie 
                        Classification as a doctorate-granting 
                        university with a very high level of research 
                        activity, and with a history of working with 
                        secure information for the development, 
                        installation, maintenance, or sustainment of 
                        secure computing enclaves.
                          (iii) Regionalization.--
                                  (I) In general.--In selecting 
                                universities pursuant to clause (ii), 
                                the Director shall give preference to 
                                institutions of higher education with 
                                the capability of serving other 
                                regional universities.
                                  (II) Geographic dispersal.--The 
                                enclaves should be geographically 
                                dispersed to better meet the needs of 
                                regional interests.
                          (iv) Program elements.--The Director shall 
                        work with institutions of higher education 
                        selected pursuant to clause (ii) to--
                                  (I) develop an approved design 
                                blueprint for compliance with Federal 
                                data protection protocols;
                                  (II) develop a comprehensive and 
                                confidential list, or a bill of 
                                materials, of each binary component of 
                                the software, firmware, or product that 
                                is required to deploy additional secure 
                                computing enclaves;
                                  (III) develop templates for all 
                                policies and procedures required to 
                                operate the secure computing enclave in 
                                a research setting;
                                  (IV) develop a system security plan 
                                template; and
                                  (V) develop a process for managing a 
                                plan of action and milestones for the 
                                secure computing enclave.
                          (v) Duration.--Subject to other availability 
                        of appropriations, the pilot program 
                        established pursuant to clause (i) shall 
                        operate for not less than 3 years.
                          (vi) Report.--
                                  (I) In general.--The Director of the 
                                National Science Foundation shall 
                                report to Congress not later than 6 
                                months after the completion of the 
                                pilot program under clause (i).
                                  (II) Contents.--The report required 
                                under subclause (I) shall include--
                                          (aa) an assessment of the 
                                        pilot program under clause (i), 
                                        including an assessment of the 
                                        security benefits provided by 
                                        such secure computing enclaves;
                                          (bb) recommendations related 
                                        to the value of expanding the 
                                        network of secure computing 
                                        enclaves; and
                                          (cc) recommendations on the 
                                        efficacy of the use of secure 
                                        computing enclaves by other 
                                        Federal agencies in a broader 
                                        effort to expand security of 
                                        Federal research.
                          (vii) Authorization of appropriations.--There 
                        is authorized to be appropriated to the 
                        Director, $38,000,000 for fiscal years 2022 
                        through 2024, to carry out the activities 
                        outlined in this section.
  (e) National Secure Data Service.--
          (1) In general.--The Director, in consultation with the Chief 
        Statistician of the United States, shall establish a 
        demonstration project to develop, refine and test models to 
        inform the full implementation of the Commission on Evidence-
        Based Policymaking recommendation for a government-wide data 
        linkage and access infrastructure for statistical activities 
        conducted for statistical purposes, as defined in chapter 35 of 
        title 44, United States Code.
          (2) Establishment.--Not later than one year after the date of 
        enactment of this Act, the Director shall establish a National 
        Secure Data Service demonstration project. The National Secure 
        Data Service demonstration project shall be--
                  (A) aligned with the principles, best practices, and 
                priority actions recommended by the Advisory Committee 
                on Data for Evidence Building, to the extent feasible; 
                and
                  (B) operated directly by or via a contract that is 
                managed by the National Center for Science and 
                Engineering Statistics.
          (3) Data.--In carrying out this subsection, the Director 
        shall engage with Federal and State agencies to collect, 
        acquire, analyze, report, and disseminate statistical data in 
        the United States and other nations to support governmentwide 
        evidence-building activities consistent with the Foundations 
        for Evidence-Based Policymaking Act of 2018.
          (4) Privacy and confidentiality protections.--If the Director 
        issues a management contract under paragraph (2), the awardee 
        shall be designated as an ``agent'' under chapter 35 of title 
        44, United States Code, subchapter III, section 3561 et seq., 
        with all requirements and obligations for protecting 
        confidential information delineated in the Confidential 
        Information Protection and Statistical Efficiency Act of 2018 
        and the Privacy Act of 1974.
          (5) Technology.--In carrying out this subsection, the 
        Director shall consider application and use of systems and 
        technologies that incorporate protection measures to reasonably 
        ensure confidential data and statistical products are protected 
        in accordance with obligations under chapter 35 of title 44, 
        United States Code, subchapter III, section 3561 et seq., 
        including systems and technologies that ensure raw data and 
        other sensitive inputs are not accessible to recipients of 
        statistical outputs from the National Secure Data Service 
        demonstration project.
          (6) Transparency.--The National Secure Data Service 
        established under paragraph (2) shall maintain a public website 
        with up-to-date information on supported projects.
          (7) Report.--Not later than 2 years after the date of 
        enactment of this Act, the National Secure Data Service 
        demonstration project established under paragraph (2) shall 
        submit a report to Congress that includes--
                  (A) a description of policies for protecting data, 
                consistent with applicable federal law;
                  (B) a comprehensive description of all completed or 
                active data linkage activities and projects;
                  (C) an assessment of the effectiveness of the 
                demonstration project for mitigating risks and removing 
                barriers to a sustained implementation of the National 
                Secure Data Service as recommended by the Commission on 
                Evidence-Based Policymaking; and
                  (D) if deemed effective by the Director, a plan for 
                scaling up the demonstration project to facilitate data 
                access for evidence building while ensuring 
                transparency and privacy.
          (8) Authorization of appropriations.--There are authorized to 
        be appropriated to the Director to carry out this subsection 
        $9,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2022 through 2026.

SEC. 9. DIRECTORATE FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING SOLUTIONS.

  (a) Establishment.--Subject to the availability of appropriated 
funds, there is established within the Foundation the Directorate for 
Science and Engineering Solutions to advance research and development 
solutions to address societal and national challenges for the benefit 
of all Americans.
  (b) Purpose.--The purpose of the Directorate established under 
subsection (a) is to support use-inspired research, accelerate the 
translation of Foundation-supported fundamental research and to advance 
technologies, facilitate commercialization and use of Federally funded 
research, and expand the pipeline of United States students and 
researchers in areas of societal and national importance.
  (c) Activities.--The Director shall achieve the purposes described in 
subsection (b) by awarding financial assistance through the Directorate 
to--
          (1) support transformational advances in use-inspired and 
        translational research through diverse funding mechanisms and 
        models, including convergence accelerators;
          (2) translate research into science and engineering 
        innovations, including through developing innovative approaches 
        to connect research with societal outcomes, developing 
        approaches to technology transfer that do not rely only on 
        traditional market and commercialization tools, education and 
        training for students and researchers on engaging with end 
        users and the public, partnerships that facilitate research 
        uptake, application, and scaling, prototype development, 
        entrepreneurial education, developing tech-to-market 
        strategies, and partnerships that connect research products to 
        businesses, accelerators, and incubators and encourage the 
        formation and growth of new companies;
          (3) develop and expand sustainable and mutually-beneficial 
        use-inspired and translational research and development 
        partnerships and collaborations among institutions of higher 
        education, including minority serving institutions and emerging 
        research institutions, non-profit organizations, labor 
        organizations, businesses and other for-profit entities, 
        Federal or State agencies, community organizations, other 
        Foundation directorates, national labs, field stations and 
        marine laboratories, international entities as appropriate, 
        binational research and development foundations and funds, 
        excluding foreign entities of concern, and other organizations;
          (4) build capacity for use-inspired and translational 
        research at institutions of higher education, including 
        necessary administrative support;
          (5) expand opportunities for researchers to contribute to 
        use-inspired and translational research including through 
        support for workshops and conferences, targeted incentives and 
        training, and multidisciplinary research centers;
          (6) support the education, mentoring, and training of 
        undergraduate students, graduate students, and postdoctoral 
        researchers in use-inspired and translational approaches to 
        research and entrepreneurship in key focus areas identified 
        under subsection (g) through scholarships, fellowships, and 
        traineeships;
          (7) support translational research infrastructure, including 
        platforms and testbeds, data management and software tools, and 
        networks and communication platforms for interactive and 
        collective learning and information sharing;
          (8) identify social, behavioral, and economic drivers and 
        consequences of technological innovations; and
          (9) ensure the programmatic work of the Directorate and 
        Foundation incorporates a worker perspective through 
        participation by labor organizations and workforce training 
        organizations.
  (d) Assistant Director.--
          (1) In general.--The Director shall appoint an Assistant 
        Director responsible for the management of the Directorate 
        established under this section.
          (2) Term limit.--The Assistant Director appointed under 
        paragraph (1) shall serve a term lasting no longer than 4 
        years.
          (3) Qualifications.--The Assistant Director shall be an 
        individual, who by reason of professional background and 
        experience, is specially qualified to--
                  (A) advise the Director on all matters pertaining to 
                use-inspired and translational research, development, 
                and commercialization at the Foundation, including 
                partnership with the private sector and other users of 
                Foundation funded research; and
                  (B) develop and implement the necessary policies and 
                procedures to promote a culture of use-inspired and 
                translational research within the Directorate and 
                across the Foundation and carry out the 
                responsibilities under paragraph (4).
          (4) Responsibilities.--The responsibilities of the Assistant 
        Director shall include--
                  (A) advising the Director on all matters pertaining 
                to use-inspired and translational research and 
                development activities at the Foundation, including 
                effective practices for convergence research;
                  (B) identifying opportunities for and facilitating 
                coordination and collaboration, where appropriate, on 
                use-inspired and translational research, development, 
                commercialization, and societal application 
                activities--
                          (i) among the offices, directorates, and 
                        divisions within the Foundation; and
                          (ii) between the Foundation and stakeholders 
                        in academia, the private sector, including non-
                        profit entities, labor organizations, Federal 
                        or State agencies, and international entities, 
                        as appropriate;
                  (C) ensuring that the activities carried out under 
                this section are not duplicative of activities 
                supported by other parts of the Foundation or other 
                relevant Federal agencies;
                  (D) approving all new programs within the 
                Directorate;
                  (E) developing and testing diverse merit-review 
                models and mechanisms for selecting and providing 
                awards for use-inspired and translational research and 
                development at different scales, from individual 
                investigator awards to large multi-institution 
                collaborations;
                  (F) assessing the success of programs;
                  (G) administering awards to achieve the purposes 
                described in subsection (b); and
                  (H) performing other such duties pertaining to the 
                purposes in subsection (b) as are required by the 
                Director.
          (5) Relationship to the director.--The Assistant Director 
        shall report to the Director.
          (6) Relationship to other programs.--No other directorate 
        within the Foundation shall report to the Assistant Director.
  (e) Advisory Committee.--
          (1) In general.--In accordance with the Federal Advisory 
        Committee Act (5 U.S.C. App.) the Director shall establish an 
        advisory committee to assess, and make recommendations 
        regarding, the activities carried out under this section.
          (2) Membership.--The advisory committee members shall--
                  (A) be individuals with relevant experience or 
                expertise, including individuals from industry and 
                national labs, educators, academic subject matter 
                experts, including individuals with knowledge of the 
                technical and social dimensions of science and 
                technology, technology transfer experts, labor 
                organizations, and representatives of civil society, 
                community organizations, and other nongovernmental 
                organizations; and
                  (B) consist of at least 10 members broadly 
                representative of stakeholders, including no less than 
                3 members from the private sector, none of whom shall 
                be an employee of the Federal Government.
          (3) Responsibilities.--The Committee shall be responsible 
        for--
                  (A) reviewing and evaluating activities carried out 
                under this section; and
                  (B) assessing the success of the Directorate in and 
                proposing new strategies for fulfilling the purposes in 
                subsection (b).
  (f) Existing Programs.--The Convergence Accelerator, the Growing 
Convergence Research Big Idea, and any other program, at the discretion 
of the Director, may be managed by the Directorate.
  (g) Focus Areas.--In consultation with the Assistant Director, the 
Board, and other Federal agencies and taking into account advice under 
subsection (e), the Director shall identify, and regularly update, up 
to 5 focus areas to guide activities under this section. In selecting 
such focus areas, the Director shall consider the following societal 
challenges:
          (1) Climate change and environmental sustainability.
          (2) Global competitiveness and domestic job creation in 
        critical technologies.
          (3) Cybersecurity.
          (4) National security.
          (5) STEM education and workforce.
          (6) Social and economic inequality.
  (h) Technology Research Institutes.--
          (1) In general.--The Director may award grants and 
        cooperative agreements to institutions of higher education, or 
        consortia thereof, for the planning, establishment, and support 
        of Technology Research Institutes in key technology areas, as 
        determined by the Director.
          (2) Uses of funds.--Funds awarded under this section may be 
        used by a Technology Research Institute to--
                  (A) conduct fundamental research to advance 
                innovation in a key technology;
                  (B) conduct research involving a key technology to 
                solve challenges with social, economic, health, 
                scientific, and national security implications;
                  (C) further the development, adoption, and 
                commercialization of innovations in key technology 
                focus areas, including through partnership with other 
                Federal agencies and Federal laboratories, industry, 
                including startup companies, labor organizations, civil 
                society organizations, and state and local, and Tribal 
                governments.
                  (D) develop and manage multi-user research testbeds 
                and instrumentation for key technologies;
                  (E) develop and manage an accessible repository, as 
                appropriate, for research data and computational models 
                relevant to the relevant key technology field, 
                consistent with applicable privacy and intellectual 
                property laws;
                  (F) convene national workshops for researchers and 
                other stakeholders in that technology area;
                  (G) establish traineeship programs for graduate 
                students who pursue research related to the technology 
                leading to a masters or doctorate degree by providing 
                funding and other assistance, and by providing graduate 
                students opportunities for research experiences in 
                government or industry related to the students' studies 
                in that technology area;
                  (H) engage in outreach and engagement to broaden 
                participation in technology research and education; and
                  (I) support such other activities that the Director 
                determines appropriate.
          (3) Considerations.--In making awards under this section, the 
        Director may consider the extent to which the activities 
        proposed--
                  (A) have the potential to create an innovation 
                ecosystem, or enhance existing ecosystems, to translate 
                Technology Research Institute research into 
                applications and products, as appropriate to the topic 
                of each Institute;
                  (B) support transdisciplinary research and 
                development across multiple institutions of higher 
                education and organizations;
                  (C) support transdisciplinary education activities, 
                including curriculum development, research experiences, 
                and faculty professional development across 
                undergraduate, graduate, and professional academic 
                programs;
                  (D) involve partnerships with multiple types of 
                institutions, including emerging research institutions, 
                HBCUs, and minority serving institutions, and with 
                other Federal agencies, Federal laboratories, industry, 
                state, local, and Tribal governments, labor 
                organizations, civil society organizations, and other 
                entities that may use or be affected by the technology; 
                and
                  (E) include a component that addresses the ethical, 
                societal, safety, and security implications relevant to 
                the application of the technology.
          (4) Duration.--
                  (A) Initial period.--An award under this section 
                shall be for an initial period of 5 years.
                  (B) Renewal.--An established Technology Institute may 
                apply for, and the Director may grant, extended funding 
                for periods of 5 years on a merit-reviewed basis.
          (5) Application.--An institution of higher education or 
        consortia thereof seeking financial assistance under this 
        section shall submit to the Director an application at such 
        time, in such manner, and containing such information as the 
        Director may require.
          (6) Competitive, merit-review.--In making awards under the 
        section, the Director shall--
                  (A) use a competitive, merit review process that 
                includes peer review by a diverse group of individuals 
                with relevant expertise from both the private and 
                public sectors; and
                  (B) ensure the focus areas of the Institute do not 
                substantially and unnecessarily duplicate the efforts 
                of any other Technology Research Institute or any other 
                similar effort at another Federal agency.
          (7) Collaboration.--In making awards under this section, the 
        Director may collaborate with Federal departments and agencies 
        whose missions contribute to or are affected by the technology 
        focus area of the institute.
  (i) Entrepreneurial Fellowships.--
          (1) In general.--The Director shall award fellowships to 
        Ph.D.-trained scientists and engineers to help develop leaders 
        capable of maturing promising ideas and technologies from lab 
        to market and forge connections between academic research and 
        government, industry, and finance.
          (2) Applications.--An applicant for a fellowship under this 
        subsection shall submit to the Director an application at such 
        time, in such manner, and containing such information as the 
        Director may require. At a minimum, the Director shall require 
        that applicants
                  (A) have completed a doctoral degree in a STEM field 
                no more than 5 years prior to the data of the 
                application; and
                  (B) have included in the application a letter of 
                support from the intended host institution that 
                describes how the fellow will be embedded in that 
                institution's research environment.
          (3) Outreach.--The Director shall conduct program outreach to 
        recruit fellowship applicants--
                  (A) from diverse research institutions;
                  (B) from all regions of the country; and
                  (C) from groups historically underrepresented in STEM 
                fields;
          (4) The Director may enter into an agreement with a third-
        party entity to administer the fellowships, subject to the 
        provisions of this subsection.
          (5) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized to 
        be appropriated to the Director $100,000,000 for fiscal years 
        2022 through 2026, to carry out the activities outlined in this 
        subsection.
  (j) Low-income Scholarship Program.--
          (1) In general.--The Director of the National Science 
        Foundation (referred to in this section as the ``Director'') 
        shall award scholarships to low-income individuals to enable 
        such individuals to pursue associate, undergraduate, or 
        graduate level degrees in mathematics, engineering, or computer 
        science.
          (2) Eligibility.--
                  (A) In general.--To be eligible to receive a 
                scholarship under this section, an individual--
                          (i) must be a citizen of the United States, a 
                        national of the United States (as defined in 
                        section 1101(a) of title 8), an alien admitted 
                        as a refugee under section 1157 of title 8, or 
                        an alien lawfully admitted to the United States 
                        for permanent residence;
                          (ii) shall prepare and submit to the Director 
                        an application at such time, in such manner, 
                        and containing such information as the Director 
                        may require; and
                          (iii) shall certify to the Director that the 
                        individual intends to use amounts received 
                        under the scholarship to enroll or continue 
                        enrollment at an institution of higher 
                        education (as defined in section 1001(a) of 
                        title 20) in order to pursue an associate, 
                        undergraduate, or graduate level degree in 
                        mathematics, engineering, computer science, or 
                        other technology and science programs 
                        designated by the Director.
                  (B) Ability.--Awards of scholarships under this 
                section shall be made by the Director solely on the 
                basis of the ability of the applicant, except that in 
                any case in which 2 or more applicants for scholarships 
                are deemed by the Director to be possessed of 
                substantially equal ability, and there are not 
                sufficient scholarships available to grant one to each 
                of such applicants, the available scholarship or 
                scholarships shall be awarded to the applicants in a 
                manner that will tend to result in a geographically 
                wide distribution throughout the United States of 
                recipients' places of permanent residence.
          (3) Scholarship amount and renewal.--The amount of a 
        scholarship awarded under this section shall be determined by 
        the Director. The Director may renew scholarships for up to 5 
        years.
          (4) Authorization.--Of amounts authorized for the Directorate 
        for Science and Engineering Solutions, $100,000,000 shall be 
        authorized for this program.
  (k) Transfer of Funds.--
          (1) In general.--Funds made available to carry out this 
        section shall be available for transfer to other offices, 
        directorates, or divisions within the Foundation for such use 
        as is consistent with the purposes for which such funds are 
        provided.
          (2) Prohibition on transfer from other offices.--No funds 
        shall be available for transfer to the Directorate established 
        under this section from other offices, directorates, or 
        divisions within the Foundation.
  (l) Authorities.--In addition to existing authorities available to 
the Foundation, the Director may exercise the following authorities in 
carrying out the activities under this section:
          (1) Awards.--In carrying out this section, the Director may 
        provide awards in the form of grants, contracts, cooperative 
        agreements, cash prizes, and other transactions.
          (2) Appointments.--The Director shall have the authority to 
        make appointments of scientific, engineering, and professional 
        personnel for carrying out research and development functions 
        which require the services of specially qualified personnel 
        relating to the focus areas identified under subsection (g) and 
        such other areas of national research priorities as the 
        Director may determine.
  (m) Ethical, Legal, and Societal Considerations.--The Director shall 
establish policies regarding engagement with experts in the social 
dimensions of science and technology and set up formal avenues for 
public input, as appropriate, to ensure that ethical, legal, and 
societal considerations are explicitly integrated into the priorities 
for the Directorate, including the selection of focus areas under 
subsection (g), the award-making process, and throughout all stages of 
supported projects.
  (n) Reports and Roadmaps.--
          (1) Annual report.--The Director shall provide to the 
        relevant authorizing and appropriations committees of Congress 
        an annual report describing projects supported by the 
        Directorate during the previous year.
          (2) Roadmap.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
        enactment of this Act, the Director shall provide to the 
        relevant authorizing and appropriations committees of Congress 
        a roadmap describing the strategic vision that the Directorate 
        will use to guide investment decisions over the following 3 
        years.
  (o) Evaluation.--
          (1) In general.--After the Directorate has been in operation 
        for 6 years, the National Science Board shall evaluate how well 
        the Directorate is achieving the purposes identified in 
        subsection (b), including an assessment of the impact of 
        Directorate activities on the Foundation's primary science 
        mission.
          (2) Inclusions.--The evaluation shall include--
                  (A) a recommendation on whether the Directorate 
                should be continued or terminated; and
                  (B) a description of lessons learned from operation 
                of the Directorate.
          (3) Availability.--On completion of the evaluation, the 
        evaluation shall be made available to Congress and the public.
  (p) Limitation.--No amounts may be appropriated for the Directorate 
for each of fiscal years 2022, 2023, 2024, 2025, or 2026 unless--
          (1) a specific appropriation is made for the Directorate; and
          (2) the amount appropriated for the activities of the 
        Foundation, other than the activities authorized under this 
        section, for each such fiscal year exceeds the amount 
        appropriated for the Foundation for fiscal year 2021, as 
        adjusted for inflation in accordance with the Consumer Price 
        Index published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the 
        Department of Labor.

SEC. 10. ADMINISTRATIVE AMENDMENTS.

  (a) Supporting Veterans in Stem Careers.--Section 3(c) of the 
Supporting Veterans in STEM Careers Act is amended by striking 
``annual'' and inserting ``biennial''.
  (b) Sunshine Act Compliance.--Section 15 of the National Science 
Foundation Authorization Act of 2002 is amended--
          (1) so that paragraph (3) reads as follows:
          ``(3) Compliance review.--The Inspector General of the 
        Foundation shall conduct a review of the compliance by the 
        Board with the requirements described in paragraph (2) as 
        necessary based on a triennial risk assessment. Any review 
        deemed necessary shall examine the proposed and actual content 
        of closed meetings and determine whether the closure of the 
        meetings was consistent with section 552b of title 5, United 
        States Code.''; and
          (2) by striking paragraphs (4) and (5) and inserting the 
        following:
          ``(4) Materials relating to closed portions of meeting.--To 
        facilitate the risk assessment required under paragraph (3) of 
        this subsection, and any subsequent review conducted by the 
        Inspector General, the Office of the National Science Board 
        shall maintain the General Counsel's certificate, the presiding 
        officer's statement, and a transcript or recording of any 
        closed meeting, for at least 3 years after such meeting.''.
  (c) Science and Engineering Indicators Report Submission.--Section 
4(j)(1) of the National Science Foundation Act of 1950 (42 U.S.C. 
1863(j)(1)) is amended by striking ``January 15'' and inserting ``March 
15''.

SEC. 11. PLANNING AND CAPACITY BUILDING GRANTS.

  Section 602 of the American Innovation and Competitiveness Act (42 
U.S.C. 1862s-9) is amended--
          (1) by redesignating subsection (e) as subsection (f); and
          (2) by inserting after subsection (d), the following:
  ``(e) Planning and Capacity Building Grants.--
          ``(1) In general.--Under the program established in section 
        508 of the America COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 2010 (42 
        U.S.C. 1862p-2) and the activities authorized under this 
        section, the Director shall award grants to eligible entities 
        for planning and capacity building at institutions of higher 
        education.
          ``(2) Eligible entity defined.--In this subsection, the term 
        `eligible entity' means an institution of higher education (or 
        a consortium of such institutions) that, according to the data 
        published by the National Center for Science and Engineering 
        Statistics, is not, on average, among the top 100 institutions 
        in Federal R&D expenditures during the 3 year period prior to 
        the year of the award.
          ``(3) Use of funds.--In addition to activities listed under 
        subsection (c), an eligible entity receiving a grant under this 
        subsection may use funds to--
                  ``(A) ensure the availability of staff, including 
                technology transfer professionals, entrepreneurs in 
                residence, and other mentors as required to accomplish 
                the purpose of this subsection;
                  ``(B) revise institution policies, including policies 
                related to intellectual property and faculty 
                entrepreneurship, and taking other necessary steps to 
                implement relevant best practices for academic 
                technology transfer;
                  ``(C) develop new local and regional partnerships 
                among institutions of higher education and between 
                institutions of higher education and private sector 
                entities and other relevant organizations with the 
                purpose of building networks, expertise, and other 
                capacity to identify promising research that may have 
                potential market value and enable researchers to pursue 
                further development and transfer of their ideas into 
                possible commercial or other use;
                  ``(D) develop seminars, courses, and other 
                educational opportunities for students, post-doctoral 
                researchers, faculty, and other relevant staff at 
                institutions of higher education to increase awareness 
                and understanding of entrepreneurship, patenting, 
                business planning, and other areas relevant to 
                technology transfer, and connect students and 
                researchers to relevant resources, including mentors in 
                the private sector; and
                  ``(E) create and fund competitions to allow 
                entrepreneurial students and faculty to illustrate the 
                commercialization potential of their ideas.
          ``(4) Minimum duration and size of award.--Grants awarded 
        under this subsection shall be at least 3 years in duration and 
        $500,000 in total amount.
          ``(5) Application.--An eligible entity seeking funding under 
        this subsection shall submit an application to the Director of 
        the Foundation at such time, in such manner, and containing 
        such information and assurances as such Director may require. 
        The application shall include, at a minimum, a description of 
        how the eligible entity submitting an application plans to 
        sustain the proposed activities beyond the duration of the 
        grant.
          ``(6) Authorization of appropriations.--From within funds 
        authorized under section 9, there are authorized to carry out 
        the activities under this subsection $40 million for each of 
        fiscal years 2022 through 2026.''.

                        II. Purpose of the Bill

    The purpose of the bill is to authorize funding for the 
National Science Foundation (NSF) for fiscal years (FY) 2022, 
2023, 2024, 2025 and 2026, to provide policy and programmatic 
direction related to science and engineering research supported 
by the Foundation, STEM education and broadening participation 
activities, research infrastructure, and to establish a new 
Directorate for Science and Engineering Solutions.

              III. Background and Need for the Legislation

    NSF is an independent federal agency created by the 
National Science Foundation Act of 1950 (P.L. 81-507). NSF's 
mission to support science and engineering across all 
disciplines is unique among federal science agencies. NSF 
currently funds research and education activities at more than 
1,800 universities, colleges, and other public and private 
institutions in 50 states, the District of Columbia and U.S. 
territories. NSF estimates that in FY 2022 approximately 
366,800 people will be directly involved in NSF programs and 
activities, including senior researchers, postdoctoral 
associates, graduate and undergraduate students, and K-12 
teachers and students.
    Although NSF's research and development (R&D) budget 
accounts for only about 4 percent of all federally funded R&D, 
the role of NSF in promoting fundamental research is vital to 
the nation's scientific enterprise, as NSF provides 
approximately 25 percent of the federal support for basic 
research conducted at academic institutions. NSF provides the 
majority of federal academic support for basic research in many 
science and engineering fields, including computer science, 
mathematics, biology, social and psychological sciences, and 
environmental sciences.
    The last comprehensive reauthorization of the National 
Science Foundation was included in the COMPETES Act of 2010 
(P.L. 111-358), which authorized appropriations for NSF for FY 
2011, 2012, and 2013. Since that time, individual programs and 
agency management issues have been addressed through other 
bills, including the American Innovation and Competitiveness 
Act (P.L. 114-329), and multiagency laws focused on specific 
research or technology areas, including the National Quantum 
Initiative Act (P.L. 115-368) and the National Artificial 
Intelligence Initiative Act (P.L. 116-283).
    Although NSF-funded research has had a tremendous impact on 
society, funding for NSF has not been sufficient to maximize 
the agency's potential contribution to the nation's research 
enterprise. Funding for NSF has been flat in constant dollars 
in the decade since the 2010 COMPETES Act. NSF is currently 
able to fund less than one quarter of the grant proposals 
submitted, and $3 billion of top-rated grant applications are 
declined. These unfunded proposals represent a rich portfolio 
of research opportunities. Further, in the last decade, the 
global landscape of competition in science and technology has 
changed, with a significant erosion of U.S. leadership. As a 
result, there is a need to reinvest in the U.S. research 
enterprise, including by providing increased support for the 
National Science Foundation's core mission to advance 
fundamental research while promoting new approaches to advance 
innovation and solutions to our nation's challenges, including 
competitiveness, and ensure a STEM ready workforce in the 
coming decades.

                         IV. Committee Hearings

    Pursuant to Rule XIII clause 3(c)(6)(A), the Committee 
designates the following hearings as having been used to 
develop or consider the legislation:
    On April 15, 2021, the Science, Space, and Technology 
Committee held a hearing entitled, ``Reimagining Our Innovation 
Future.'' The purpose of the hearing was to examine the current 
outlook for U.S. leadership in science and technology and 
discuss how new investments and new, inclusive models of 
partnership in science and technology can be leveraged to 
ensure continued leadership and address economic, security, 
environmental, public health, and other societal challenges 
from the local to the global level. The hearing witnesses 
included Mr. Norm Augustine; Dr. Frances H. Arnold, Linus 
Pauling Professor of Chemical Engineering, Bioengineering and 
Biochemistry at the California Institute of Technology; The 
Honorable Ernest J. Moniz, President and Chief Executive 
Officer of the Energy Futures Initiative and Former Secretary 
of the U.S. Department of Energy; and Dr. Farnam Jahanian, 
President of Carnegie Mellon University.
    On April 28, 2021 and May 6, 2021, the Research and 
Technology Subcommittee held a two-part hearing entitled, 
``National Science Foundation: Advancing Research for the 
Future of U.S. Innovation.'' The purpose of the hearings was to 
discuss opportunities and challenges for leveraging and 
expanding the National Science Foundation mission to continue 
to advance excellent research; improve STEM education and 
research training; increase research accessibility, 
accountability, and security; and accelerate research to 
address major societal challenges. The Subcommittee considered 
the merits of the NSF for the Future Act for addressing such 
opportunities and challenges. The hearing witnesses included 
Dr. Sethuraman Panchanathan, Director of the National Science 
Foundation; Dr. Ellen Ochoa, Chair of the National Science 
Board, Dr. Roger M. Wakimoto, Vice Chancellor for Research and 
Creative Activities at the University of California, Los 
Angeles; Ms. Gabriela Cruz Thompson, Director of University 
Research and Collaboration at Intel Corporation's Intel Labs; 
Dr. Mahmud Farooque, Associate Director of the Consortium for 
Science, Policy and Outcomes and Clinical Associate Professor 
at the Arizona State University School for the Future of 
Innovation in Society; Dr. Gerald Blazey, Vice President for 
Research and Innovation Partnerships at Northern Illinois 
University; Dr. P. Barry Butler, President of Embry-Riddle 
Aeronautical University.

                  V. Committee Consideration and Votes

    On March 26, 2021, Chairwoman Eddie Bernice Johnson, 
Ranking Member Frank Lucas, Chairwoman Haley Stevens, and 
Ranking Member Michael Waltz introduced H.R. 2225, the National 
Science Foundation for the Future Act. The bill was referred to 
the House Committee on Science, Space, and Technology.
    On May 13, 2021, the Research and Technology Subcommittee 
met to consider H.R. 2225. Ms. Moore offered an amendment to 
direct NSF to support research to improve STEM education at 
community colleges. The amendment was agreed to on a voice 
vote. Ms. Moore offered a second amendment to direct NSF to 
support water system research and technology development. The 
amendment was agreed to on a voice vote. Mr. Meijer offered an 
amendment to ensure students getting a master's or doctorate in 
fields related to cybersecurity are eligible to apply for the 
Graduate Research Fellowship Program. The amendment was agreed 
to on a voice vote. Mr. Gonzalez offered an amendment to direct 
NSF to support research on the cybersecurity workforce. The 
amendment was agreed to on a voice vote. Mr. LaTurner offered 
an amendment highlighting the importance of the EPSCoR program. 
The amendment was agreed to on a voice vote. Mr. Waltz and Mr. 
Foster offered an amendment to authorize the Office of Security 
and Policy and direct NSF to require and support the 
development of online security training modules for the 
research community. The amendment was agreed to on a voice 
vote. Ms. Wild offered an amendment to expand the scope of 
activities to include research equipment and instrumentation 
for resilient engineered infrastructure. The amendment was 
agreed to on a voice vote. Ms. Wild offered a second amendment 
to direct NSF to support social and behavioral science research 
on consumer technology and mental health. The amendment was 
agreed to on a voice vote. Mr. Lamb offered an amendment to 
update the list of technology areas eligible for funding 
through the NSF's advanced manufacturing research program to 
include additive manufacturing. The amendment was agreed to on 
a voice vote. Mr. Foster offered an amendment to establish a 
requirement for grant proposals to include information on 
computing needs and include information about computing needs 
and a path toward fully addressing them in its advanced 
computing roadmap. The amendment was agreed to on a voice vote. 
Mr. Beyer offered an amendment to establish a National Secure 
Data Service demonstration project. The amendment was agreed to 
on a voice vote. Ms. Stevens offered an amendment to build 
technology transfer capacity at smaller research institutions. 
The amendment was agreed to on a voice vote. With a quorum 
present, Chairwoman Stevens moved that the Subcommittee 
favorably report the bill, H.R. 2225, as amended, to the Full 
Committee on Science, Space, and Technology. The motion was 
agreed to by a voice vote.
    On June 15, 2021, the Full Committee on Science, Space, and 
Technology met to consider the bill. An amendment was offered 
by Chairwoman Johnson, which made technical changes to the bill 
and added provisions in response to stakeholder feedback and 
Committee Member priorities, including codifying a new Chief 
Diversity Officer position, updating the Advanced Technological 
Education program, providing support for research capacity 
building at non-research-intensive universities and minority-
serving institutions, and establishing a new university 
technology institutes program. The amendment was agreed to on a 
voice vote. Ms. Lofgren offered an amendment to increase the 
authorized appropriations to $78 billion. The amendment was 
agreed to on a voice vote. Mr. Foster offered and withdrew an 
amendment expressing the sense of Congress that the 
authorizations for future years are to be interpreted as having 
value equivalent to that in 2021. Mr. Babin offered and 
withdrew an amendment prohibiting any funds authorized in the 
Act from going to any entity with ties to Confucius Institutes. 
Ms. Lofgren offered an amendment to expand eligibility for 
professional development funding to postdoctoral researchers. 
The amendment was agreed to on a voice vote. Ms. Wild offered 
an amendment to support research on the state of and strategies 
for supporting graduate student mental health. The amendment 
was agreed to on a voice vote. Mr. Waltz offered an amendment 
to clarify the areas of focus for the NSF CyberCorps 
Scholarship for Service program. The amendment was agreed to on 
a voice vote. Mr. Posey offered an amendment to establish a 
cybersecurity workforce data initiative. The amendment was 
agreed to on a voice vote. Mr. Feenstra offered an amendment to 
prohibit NSF grantees from participating in malign foreign 
talent recruitment programs. The amendment was agreed to on a 
voice vote. Mr. McNerney offered an amendment to allow for 
research related to solar radiation management. The amendment 
was agreed to on a voice vote. Mr. Perlmutter offered an 
amendment to include wildfire research under the risk and 
resilience initiative. Mr. Waltz offered an amendment to 
clarify eligibility of binational research and development 
organizations. The amendment was agreed to on a voice vote. Mr. 
McNerney offered an amendment to add GPS applications to the 
precision agriculture technology assessment to be carried out 
by the Government Accountability Office. The amendment was 
agreed to on a voice vote. Mr. Beyer offered an amendment to 
support research related to the impact of satellite 
constellations on NSF science programs. The amendment was 
agreed to on a voice vote. Mr. Lamb offered an amendment to 
establish a new entrepreneurial fellowship program within the 
Directorate for Science and Engineering Solutions. The 
amendment was agreed to on a voice vote. Mr. Foster offered an 
amendment to authorize appropriations for the Scholarships in 
STEM program. The amendment was agreed to on a voice vote.

              VI. Summary of Major Provisions of the Bill

    Authorizes appropriations for NSF of $12,504,890,000 for FY 
2022, $14,620,800,000 for FY 2023, $15,945,020,000 for FY 2024, 
$17,004,820,000 for FY 2025, and $17,939,490,000 for FY 2026.
    Establishes a new centers program to support translational 
research and development to help scale up effective PreK-12 
STEM education innovations. Supports activities and 
partnerships to align undergraduate STEM education with 
workforce needs. Advances policies and research to modernize 
the training, mentoring, and professional development of 
graduate students and postdoctoral researchers. Establishes a 
pilot program to support partnerships that will expand research 
opportunities to students who attend minority serving 
institutions or other emerging research institutions. Supports 
expanded data collection on the nature of the STEM workforce. 
Authorizes a 50% increase in funding over 5 years for key STEM 
education programs.
    Requires assessment and research activities to improve the 
implementation of the Broader Impacts merit review criterion. 
Creates a new requirement for researchers to prepare a 
statement on possible security or other risks to society from 
their research. Expands access to data and other research 
products resulting from Foundation-funded projects through new 
data stewardship requirements and investments in open science 
tools and infrastructure. Supports research related to climate 
change, violence, the food-energy-water system, sustainable 
chemistry, risk and resilience, UAV technologies, clean water 
systems, technology and mental health, critical minerals, 
precision agriculture, and the impact of satellite 
constellations on NSF- funded science. Codifies the Office of 
Research Security and Policy and the Chief of Research Security 
position to provide guidance and resources to researchers and 
funds the development of training, resources, and tools to help 
institutions and researchers understand and mitigate security 
risks. Establishes a prohibition on participation by NSF-funded 
researchers in malign talent recruitment programs.
    Supports research-enabling infrastructure, including an 
increase to the Mid-Scale Research Infrastructure program, 
support for helium conservation equipment, and a roadmap for 
meeting the research community's growing need for advanced 
computing capabilities.
    Establishes a new Directorate for Science and Engineering 
Solutions (SES) to support an ecosystem of non-traditional 
partnerships and collaborations in use-inspired and 
translational research, including through support for 
university technology institutes, technology transfer capacity 
building activities, and entrepreneurial fellowships.

        VII. Section-by-Section Analysis (By Title and Section)


Sec. 1. Short title

Sec. 2. Findings

Sec. 3. Definitions

Sec. 4. Authorization of Appropriation

Sec. 5. STEM education and workforce training

    (a) PreK-12 STEM Education--Supports a decadal survey to be 
carried out by the National Academies to identify research 
priorities in PreK-12 STEM education and an additional study on 
barriers to the widespread implementation of STEM education 
innovations. Establishes a program to fund multidisciplinary 
research and translation centers to scale STEM education 
innovations.
    (b) Undergraduate STEM Education--Supports research and 
development to improve the alignment of undergraduate STEM 
education and training with workforce needs. Updates the 
Advanced Technological Education program to establish a network 
of centers for science and technical education.
    (c) Advanced Technological Manufacturing Act--Amends and 
doubles the authorized budget for the Advanced Technological 
Education program.
    (d) Graduate STEM Education--Expands requirement for 
funding proposals to include a mentoring plan to graduate 
students. Supports activities to facilitate career exploration 
for graduate students and postdoctoral researchers. Creates a 
requirement for funding proposals to include individual 
development plans for graduate students and postdoctoral 
researchers and provides supplemental funding to facilitate 
professional development activities. Supports research on the 
graduate education system. Updates the Graduate Research 
Fellowship Program to address workforce demand, increase the 
cost of education allowance, and recruit a more diverse pool of 
applicants. Requires an evaluation of mechanisms for supporting 
graduate student education and training.
    (e) STEM Workforce Data--Requires a portfolio analysis of 
Foundation investments in the skilled technical workforce. 
Requires an assessment of the feasibility and benefits of 
adding rotating questions/topic modules to existing National 
Center for Science and Engineering Statistics (NCSES) surveys. 
Requires an assessment of the feasibility and benefits of 
incorporating new questions to existing (NCSES) surveys on a 
range of topics related to the nature of the STEM workforce and 
the workforce environment. Requires a Government Accountability 
Office evaluation of the capacity of NCSES to meet current and 
future needs for data on the STEM workforce.
    (f) Cyber Workforce Development Research and Development--
Supports research on the cyber workforce.
    (g) Federal Cyber Scholarship-for-Service Program--
Clarifies that cybersecurity-related aspects of artificial 
intelligence, quantum computing, aerospace, and other fields 
are within the scope of the NSF CyberCorps Scholarship-for-
Service program.
    (h) Cybersecurity Workforce Data Initiative--Establishes a 
data initiative to measure the cybersecurity workforce.

Sec. 6. Broadening participation

    (a) Presidential Awards for Excellence in Mathematics and 
Science Teaching--Updates the program to allow for the 
selection of at least one teacher each from the Commonwealth of 
the Northern Mariana Islands, American Samoa, the Virgin 
Islands of the United States, and Guam.
    (b) Robert Noyce Teacher Scholarship Program Update--
Requires outreach to historically Black colleges and 
universities, minority institutions, higher education programs 
that serve veterans and rural communities, and emerging 
research institutions.
    (c) NSF INCLUDES Initiative--Codifies the NSF INCLUDES 
program.
    (d) Broadening Participation on Major Facilities Awards--
Establishes a requirement for organizations seeking management 
awards to demonstrate experience and capabilities in employing 
best practices in broadening participation and directs the 
Foundation to consider implementation of such practices in 
oversight of the award.
    (e) Partnerships with Emerging Research Institutions--
Establishes a pilot program to require multi-institution 
proposals seeking funding in excess of $1 million be submitted 
in partnership with emerging research institutions and requires 
annual reporting on such grants to include feedback directly 
from participating emerging research institutions.
    (f) Tribal Colleges and Universities Program Update--
Expands the scope of the Tribal Colleges and Universities 
program to include support for activities to build graduate 
programs.
    (g) Diversity in Tech Research--Supports organizational 
research, including research on diversity, equity, and 
inclusion in the technology sector.
    (h) Continuing Support for EPSCoR--Expresses the sense of 
Congress that the Foundation should continue to support 
research and education capacity building through the EPSCoR 
program.
    (i) Fostering STEM Research Diversity and Capacity 
Program--Supports research capacity building for research 
institutions not in the top 100 of Federal research funding, 
including support for developing and expanding research 
programs, faculty professional development, stipends for 
students, acquisition of research instrumentation, and 
administrative research support.
    (j) Capacity Building Program for Developing Universities--
Supports administrative capacity building activities to 
increase the capacity of minority serving institutions to 
compete for and manage Foundation research and development 
awards.
    (k) Chief Diversity Officer of the NSF--Establishes a Chief 
Diversity Officer position charged with providing guidance and 
leading the Foundation's strategic planning to broaden 
participation of individuals and institutions in NSF-funded 
activities.

Sec. 7. Fundamental research

    (a) Broader Impacts--Directs an assessment of the 
application of the Broader Impacts review criterion across the 
Foundation and provides support for activities to improve its 
implementation.
    (b) Sense of Congress--Expresses the sense of Congress that 
the Foundation should continue to identify opportunities to 
reduce administrative burden on researchers.
    (c) Research Integrity and Security--Directs the Foundation 
to take steps to address security risks to Foundation-supported 
research, including through the Office of Research Security and 
Policy, the appointment of a Chief of Research Security, the 
development of an online resources to inform institutions and 
researchers of security risks, support for the establishment of 
a risk assessment center, and support for research on 
misconduct in the research environment. Authorizes NSF to 
request proposal supporting documentation, including talent 
recruitment program contracts and directs NSF to require and 
support the development of research security training. Supports 
an update to the National Academies Guide to Responsible 
Conduct in Research. Establishes a prohibition on participation 
by NSF-funded researchers in malign foreign talent recruitment 
programs sponsored by foreign countries of concern.
    (d) Research Ethics--Expresses the sense of Congress with 
respect to potential ethical, social, safety, and security 
implications of research in emerging technologies. Establishes 
a requirement for the inclusion of an ethics statement in award 
proposals. Supports research on the ethical and social 
implications of Foundation-supported research and the 
development of approaches for risk mitigation.
    (e) Research Reproducibility and Replicability--Establishes 
a requirement for the inclusion of a machine-readable data 
management plan in award proposals. Requires the development of 
a set of criteria for trusted open repositories and provides 
support for the development of open data repositories to 
address any gaps. Requires the establishment of a single web-
based point of access for data, software, and code resulting 
from Foundation funded projects. Directs the Foundation to 
ensure that data resulting from Foundation-funded projects is 
made available in trusted open repositories. Supports research 
and development of tools and infrastructure to support research 
reproducibility.
    (f) Climate Change Research--Supports research to improve 
understanding and predictability of the climate system and 
climate-change risk, resilience, and mitigation and to educate 
and train climate researchers.
    (g) Violence Research--Supports research related to 
violence.
    (h) Social, Behavioral, and Economic Sciences--Directs the 
Foundation to take steps to ensure the participation of social, 
behavioral, and economic science researchers in cross-cutting 
agency programs.
    (i) Measuring Impacts of Federally Funded R&D--Supports 
research related to the impacts of Federally funded research 
and development on society, the economy, and the workforce.
    (j) Food-Energy-Water Research--Supports research related 
to the food-energy-water system.
    (k) Biological Field Stations and Marine Laboratories--
Supports research instrumentation and other infrastructure at 
biological field stations and marine laboratories.
    (l) Sustainable Chemistry Research and Education--
Establishes a program to support research related to 
sustainable chemistry.
    (m) Risk and Resilience Research--Supports research related 
to risk assessment and predictability and development of tools 
and technologies for increased resilience.
    (n) UAV Technologies--Supports research and development 
related to unmanned aerial vehicle technologies.
    (o) Leverage International Expertise in Research--Directs 
NSF to explore opportunities to support international research 
collaboration.
    (p) Biological Research Collections--Supports databases and 
tools to secure and improve biological research collections. 
Establishes a requirement for the inclusion of a specimen 
management plan in award proposals. Supports the establishment 
of a center to facilitate coordination and data sharing.
    (q) Clean Water Research and Technology Acceleration--
Supports water system research and technology development.
    (r) Technology and Behavioral Science Research--Supports 
social and behavioral science research on consumer technology 
and mental health.
    (s) Manufacturing Research Amendment--Updates the list of 
technology areas eligible for funding through the NSF's 
advanced manufacturing research program to include additive and 
continuous manufacturing.
    (t) Critical Minerals Mining Research and Development--
Supports research to advance critical minerals mining 
strategies and technologies.
    (u) Study of AI Research Capacity--Directs the Foundation 
to conduct or support a study on artificial intelligence 
research capacity at U.S. universities.
    (v) Advancing IoT for Precision Agriculture--Supports 
research to improve the use of advanced sensing systems in 
rural and agricultural areas, highlights improving productivity 
in agriculture as a goal for activities funded under the 
Advanced Technological Education program, and supports a 
Government Accountability Office technology assessment of 
precision agriculture technologies.
    (w) Astronomy and Satellite Constellations--Supports 
research on the impact of satellite constellations on ground-
based astronomy and the development of mitigation strategies.

Sec. 8. Research infrastructure

    (a) Facility Operations and Maintenance--Requires the 
continuation of the Facility Operation Transition pilot program 
in the Facilities Construction (MREFC) account to provide cost 
sharing with the managing directorate during the first five 
years of operation.
    (b) Reviews--Directs periodic assessment of the cost and 
benefits of extending the operation of research facilities 
beyond their planned operational lifespan.
    (c) Helium Conservation--Expands eligibility for the Major 
Research Instrumentation program to include the purchase, 
installation, operation, and maintenance of equipment and 
instrumentation to conserve helium.
    (d) Advanced Computing--Directs the Foundation to collect 
information and regularly publish a report on the computational 
needs for Foundation-funded projects. Directs the Foundation to 
develop and regularly update an advanced computing roadmap.
    (e) National Secure Data Service--Establishes a National 
Secure Data Service demonstration project.

Sec. 9. Directorate for Science and Engineering Solutions

    (a) Establishment--Establishes a new directorate to 
accelerate use-inspired and translational research and 
development to advance solutions to pressing societal 
challenges.
    (b) Purposes--Describes the purposes of the directorate.
    (c) Activities--Describes activities to be supported by the 
directorate, including support for use-inspired research and 
translation, the development of innovative approaches to 
connect research with societal outcomes, the development of 
partnerships and collaborations that include traditional and 
nontraditional players, support for translational research 
infrastructure and capacity building, and support for education 
and training of students.
    (d) Assistant Director--Establishes an Assistant Director 
position to head the directorate.
    (e) Advisory Committee--Establishes an advisory committee 
to assess the activities carried out by the directorate and 
propose new strategies for fulfilling the purpose of the 
directorate.
    (f) Existing Programs--Authorizes the Foundation to place 
existing programs under the management of the directorate.
    (g) Focus Areas--Directs the Foundation to identify focus 
areas to guide directorate activities and to consider focus 
areas that contribute to a list of societal challenge--climate 
change and environmental sustainability, global 
competitiveness, cybersecurity, national security, STEM 
education and workforce, and social and economic inequality.
    (h) Technology Research Institutes--Supports Technology 
Research Institutes to advance transdisciplinary research, 
development, and commercialization in key technology areas, 
including through support for multi-user testbeds and 
instrumentation, accessible repositories for research data and 
computational models, workshops, and graduate student 
traineeships.
    (i) Planning and Capacity Building Grants--Supports 
technology transfer capacity building for smaller research 
institutions, including support for technology transfer expert 
staff, private sector partnerships, and education and training 
of students and researchers.
    (j) Entrepreneurial Fellowships--Establishes a fellowship 
program to provide scientists with entrepreneurial training.
    (k) Low-Income Scholarship Program--Authorizes 
appropriations for the Scholarships in STEM program.
    (l) Transfer of Funds--Authorizes the transfer of funds to 
other Foundation offices, directorates, or divisions and 
prohibits the reverse transfer of funds.
    (m) Authorities--Provides flexible funding and hiring 
authorities.
    (n) Ethical, Legal, and Societal Considerations--Directs 
the Foundation to take steps to ensure that ethical, legal, and 
societal considerations are integrated into the activities of 
the directorate.
    (o) Reports and Roadmaps--Directs the Foundation to provide 
an annual report describing the activities of the directorate 
and a roadmap describing the strategic vision that will guide 
future investment decisions.
    (p) Evaluation--Directs an evaluation of the success of the 
directorate in achieving its purpose to advance solutions to 
pressing societal challenges through use-inspired and 
translational research.
    (q) Limitation--Prohibits the appropriation of funds for 
the directorate unless sufficient funding is appropriated to 
support the directorate without drawing funding from other 
Foundation activities.

Sec. 10. Administrative amendments

    (a) Supporting Veterans in STEM Careers--Provides a 
technical fix.
    (b) Sunshine Act Compliance--Relaxes the requirement for an 
annual review and report related to Sunshine Act Compliance of 
the National Science Board and authorizes a risk- based 
approach to scheduling compliance reviews.
    (c) Science and Engineering Indicators Report Submission--
Changes the deadline for a biennial report on science and 
engineering indicators from January 15 to March 15.

                         VIII. Committee Views

    Earth System Science--The Committee notes the approach of 
federal agencies to climate science is increasingly 
interdisciplinary because understanding the interplay of 
atmospheric, oceanic, hydrologic, and cryospheric processes is 
critical to understanding our planet as a coupled earth system. 
As such, while there are discrete functions and programs best 
managed within the Foundation's existing earth, ocean and 
atmospheric divisions, the Committee believes earth system 
science priorities may be best managed at the Geosciences 
Directorate level. Such structure could enable the earth system 
science community to achieve critical cross cutting outcomes, 
including interdisciplinary observation campaigns, cross-
disciplinary analysis of data, and improved computational 
models to advance science and inform decision makers. The 
Committee also believes that NOAA, NASA, the Department of 
Energy and NIST play a key role in studying climate science and 
it is critical that all agencies coordinate activities to avoid 
duplication and leverage each agency's unique research 
capabilities. The Committee looks forward to the upcoming 
release of the National Academies study sponsored by NSF to 
develop a clear vision for a systems approach to studying the 
Earth. The Committee expects the Foundation will provide to 
Congress, concurrent with its fiscal year 2023 budget 
submission, a description of what steps it is taking at the 
intersection of the atmospheric, oceanic, hydrologic, and 
cryospheric sciences to align key functions and activities at 
the directorate level, including how the Foundation is 
implementing or plans to implement the NASEM study committee's 
specific recommendations.
    Collaboration with Tribal Nations--The Committee supports 
the Foundation's efforts to bring together scientists and other 
stakeholders from diverse backgrounds, disciplines, geographic 
locations, and institution types to advance research in areas 
of societal and national interest. The Committee encourages NSF 
to promote and facilitate meaningful and culturally sensitive 
collaborations between academic scientists and American Indian, 
Alaska Native and Native Hawaiian Tribal Nations and 
organizations in Foundation-supported activities.
    Students in U.S. Territories--Within the STEM programs the 
National Science Foundation supports, the Committee encourages 
NSF to support research focused on understanding the unique 
challenges in STEM education and learning within the U.S. 
Territories.
    Mentoring Plans--The Committee intends for NSF to develop a 
template document to aid researchers in fulfilling the 
requirement for the inclusion in a grant proposal of a plan for 
mentoring graduate students and postdoctoral researchers 
supported by the grant.
    Continuous Manufacturing--The Committee intends for 
continuous manufacturing of biological products to include 
research on pharmaceutical ingredients and small synthetic 
molecules.
    Malign Talent Recruitment Program--It is the Committee's 
intent that the National Science Foundation should use its 
discretion in enforcing this section to ensure it is preventing 
only those interactions that are ``malign.'' The goal of this 
section is not to prevent productive partnerships and research 
collaborations with universities or faculty in a foreign 
country of concern. A productive research collaboration 
involves a two-way mutually beneficial exchange of information 
on a discrete, defined research project, or provides funding 
for an unencumbered discrete, defined research project in the 
U.S. that is open to publication and in which intellectual 
property is controlled by a U.S. institution and is with a 
partner that has made a commitment to adhere to the highest 
standards for ethical conduct of research. Its goal must not be 
solely to increase the scientific capacity of the foreign 
country. Furthermore, the Committee does not intend for joint 
scholarly publications, presentations, and other science 
diplomacy and science policy activities to be considered malign 
foreign programs. The Committee affirms that international 
partnerships and collaborations are a key aspect of U.S. 
innovation and growth, and that the R&D ecosystem should remain 
as open as possible to encourage such productive partnerships 
and collaborations.
    The Committee understands that malign talent programs and 
activities continue to evolve, and that the Foundation will 
need to work with the national security and intelligence 
communities to continue to define and identify malign foreign 
programs and activities and communicate those characteristics 
to the research community. The Committee generally understands 
the hallmarks of programs that are malign, include requirements 
to provide information to the foreign country beyond any 
collaborative research project, requirements to recruit other 
researchers to assist the foreign country, and requirements to 
devote disproportionate amounts of time to the needs of the 
foreign country, creating a conflict of interest or commitment. 
Other hallmarks may include requiring the U.S. researcher to 
spend time in the other country, or requiring individuals from 
the foreign country to spend time on the U.S. campus beyond 
what would seem relevant to a specific research project, or 
requiring intellectual property to be dealt with in a manner 
that favors the foreign country. Any talent program that seeks 
to prevent the disclosure of information about the 
participation of a U.S. researcher should be considered 
inherently malign.
    Technology Transfer--The Committee believes that the 
National Science Foundation should allow public and private 
nonprofit technology transfer organizations that facilitate or 
accelerate commercialization of technologies developed by one 
or more institutions of higher education to apply as principal 
investigators for grants that are focused on commercialization 
of technology.
    Industry Engagement--The Committee encourages NSF to 
utilize its full authority to further its progress in 
partnering with industry to support research and development 
activities related to industries of the future. It is 
especially important that the Foundation look at utilizing 
these partnerships as it establishes the Science and 
Engineering Solutions Directorate.

                           IX. Cost Estimate

    Pursuant to clause 3(c)(2) of rule XIII of the Rules of the 
House of Representatives, the Committee adopts as its own the 
estimate of new budget authority, entitlement authority, or tax 
expenditures or revenues contained in the cost estimate 
prepared by the Director of the Congressional Budget Office 
pursuant to section 402 of the Congressional Budget Act of 
1974.

              X. Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate

    No Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate for H.R. 2225 
at time of filing.

                     XI. Federal Mandates Statement

    H.R. 2225 contains no unfunded mandates.

         XII. Committee Oversight Findings and Recommendations

    The Committee's oversight findings and recommendations are 
reflected in the body of this report.

      XIII. Statement on General Performance Goals and Objectives

    The goals and objectives of H.R. 2225 are to authorize 
funding for NSF for FY 2022, 2023, 2024, 2025 and 2026, to 
provide policy and programmatic direction related to STEM 
education and broadening participation activities, research 
infrastructure, and science and engineering research supported 
by the Foundation, and to establish a new Directorate for 
Science and Engineering Solutions.

               XIV. Federal Advisory Committee Statement

    The functions of the advisory committee authorized in H.R. 
2225 are not currently being nor could they be performed by one 
or more agencies or by enlarging the mandate of another 
existing advisory committee.

                  XV. Duplication of Federal Programs

    Pursuant to clause 3(c)(5) of rule XIII of the Rules of the 
House of Representatives, the Committee finds that no provision 
of H.R. 2225 establishes or reauthorizes a program of the 
federal government known to be duplicative of another federal 
program, including any program that was included in a report to 
Congress pursuant to section 21 of Public Law 111-139 or the 
most recent Catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance.

                      XVI. Earmark Identification

    Pursuant to clause 9(e), 9(f), and 9(g) of rule XXI, the 
Committee finds that H.R. 2225 contains no earmarks, limited 
tax benefits, or limited tariff benefits.

             XVII. Applicability to the Legislative Branch

    The Committee finds that H.R. 2225 does not relate to the 
terms and conditions of employment or access to public services 
or accommodations within the meaning of section 102(b)(3) of 
the Congressional Accountability Act (Public Law 104-1).

     XVIII. Statement on Preemption of State, Local, or Tribal Law

    This bill is not intended to preempt any state, local, or 
tribal law.

       XIX. Changes in Existing Law Made by the Bill, as Reported

  In compliance with clause 3(e) of rule XIII of the Rules of 
the House of Representatives, changes in existing law made by 
the bill, as reported, are shown as follows (existing law 
proposed to be omitted is enclosed in black brackets, new 
matter is printed in italics, and existing law in which no 
change is proposed is shown in roman):

                       STEM EDUCATION ACT OF 2015




           *       *       *       *       *       *       *
SEC. 3. INFORMAL STEM EDUCATION.

  (a) Grants.--The Director of the National Science Foundation, 
through the Directorate for Education and Human Resources, 
shall continue to award competitive, merit-reviewed grants to 
support--
          (1) research and development of innovative out-of-
        school STEM learning and emerging STEM learning 
        environments in order to improve STEM learning outcomes 
        and engagement in STEM;
          (2) research that advances the field of informal STEM 
        education; and
          (3) a national partnership of institutions involved 
        in informal STEM learning.
  (b) Uses of Funds.--Activities supported by grants under this 
section may encompass a single STEM discipline, multiple STEM 
disciplines, or integrative STEM initiatives and shall 
include--
          (1) research and development that improves our 
        understanding of learning and engagement in informal 
        environments, including the role of informal 
        environments in broadening participation in STEM;
          (2) design and testing of innovative STEM learning 
        models, programs, and other resources for informal 
        learning environments to improve STEM learning outcomes 
        and increase engagement for K-12 students, K-12 
        teachers, and the general public, including design and 
        testing of the scalability of models, programs, and 
        other resources;
          (3) fostering on-going partnerships between 
        institutions involved in informal STEM learning, 
        institutions of higher education, and education 
        research centers; and
          (4) developing, and making available informal STEM 
        education activities and educational materials.
  (c) Pre-k-8 Informal Stem Program.--
          (1) In general.--The Director of the National Science 
        Foundation shall provide grants to institutions of 
        higher education or a non-profit organizations (or a 
        consortia of such intuitions or organization) on a 
        merit-reviewed, competitive basis for research on 
        programming that engages students in grades PREK-8, 
        including underrepresented and rural students, in STEM 
        in order to prepare such students to pursue degrees or 
        careers in STEM.
          (2) Use of funds.--
                  (A) In general.--Grants awarded under this 
                section shall be used toward research to 
                advance the engagement of students, including 
                underrepresented and rural students, in grades 
                PREK-8 in STEM through providing before-school, 
                after-school, out-of-school, or summer 
                activities, including in single-gender 
                environments or programming, that are designed 
                to encourage interest, engagement, and skills 
                development for students in STEM.
                  (B) Permitted activities.--The activities 
                described in subparagraph (A) may include--
                          (i) the provision of programming 
                        described in such subparagraph for the 
                        purpose of research described in such 
                        subparagraph;
                          (ii) the use of a variety of 
                        engagement methods, including 
                        cooperative and hands-on learning;
                          (iii) exposure of students to role 
                        models in the fields of STEM and near-
                        peer mentors;
                          (iv) training of informal learning 
                        educators, youth-serving professionals, 
                        and volunteers who lead informal STEM 
                        programs in using evidence-based 
                        methods consistent with the target 
                        student population being served;
                          (v) education of students on the 
                        relevance and significance of STEM 
                        careers, provision of academic advice 
                        and assistance, and activities designed 
                        to help students make real-world 
                        connections to STEM content;
                          (vi) the attendance of students at 
                        events, competitions, and academic 
                        programs to provide content expertise 
                        and encourage career exposure in STEM, 
                        which may include the purchase of parts 
                        and supplies needed to participate in 
                        such competitions;
                          (vii) activities designed to engage 
                        parents and families of students in 
                        grades PREK-8 in STEM;
                          (viii) innovative strategies to 
                        engage students, such as using 
                        leadership skills and outcome measures 
                        to impart youth with the confidence to 
                        pursue STEM coursework and academic 
                        study;
                          (ix) coordination with STEM-rich 
                        environments, including other 
                        nonprofit, nongovernmental 
                        organizations, out-of-classroom 
                        settings, single-gender environments, 
                        institutions of higher education, 
                        vocational facilities, corporations, 
                        museums, or science centers; and
                          (x) the acquisition of instructional 
                        materials or technology-based tools to 
                        conduct applicable grant activity.
          (3) Application.--An applicant seeking funding under 
        the section shall submit an application at such time, 
        in such manner, and containing such information as may 
        be required. Applications that include or partner with 
        a nonprofit, nongovernmental organization that has 
        extensive experience and expertise in increasing the 
        participation of students in PREK-8 in STEM are 
        encouraged. The application may include the following:
                  (A) A description of the target audience to 
                be served by the research activity or 
                activities for which such funding is sought.
                  (B) A description of the process for 
                recruitment and selection of students to 
                participate in such activities.
                  (C) A description of how such activity or 
                activities may inform programming that engages 
                students in grades PREK-8 in STEM.
                  (D) A description of how such activity or 
                activities may inform programming that promotes 
                student academic achievement in STEM.
                  (E) An evaluation plan that includes, at a 
                minimum, the use of outcome-oriented measures 
                to determine the impact and efficacy of 
                programming being researched.
          (4) Evaluations.--Each recipient of a grant under 
        this section shall provide, at the conclusion of every 
        year during which the grant funds are received, an 
        evaluation in a form prescribed by the Director.
          (5) Accountability and dissemination.--
                  (A) Evaluation required.--The Director shall 
                evaluate the activities established under this 
                section. Such evaluation shall--
                          (i) use a common set of benchmarks 
                        and tools to assess the results of 
                        research conducted under such grants; 
                        and
                          (ii) to the extent practicable, 
                        integrate the findings of the research 
                        resulting from the activity or 
                        activities funded through the grant 
                        with the current research on serving 
                        students with respect to the pursuit of 
                        degrees or careers in STEM, including 
                        underrepresented and rural students, in 
                        grades PREK-8.
                  (B) Report on evaluations.--Not later than 
                180 days after the completion of the evaluation 
                under subparagraph (A), the Director shall 
                submit to Congress and make widely available to 
                the public a report that includes--
                          (i) the results of the evaluation; 
                        and
                          (ii) any recommendations for 
                        administrative and legislative action 
                        that could optimize the effectiveness 
                        of the program under this section.
          (6) Coordination.--In carrying out this section, the 
        Director shall, for purposes of enhancing program 
        effectiveness and avoiding duplication of activities, 
        consult, cooperate, and coordinate with the programs 
        and policies of other relevant Federal agencies.

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *

                              ----------                              


             SCIENTIFIC AND ADVANCED-TECHNOLOGY ACT OF 1992




           *       *       *       *       *       *       *
SEC. 2. FINDINGS AND PURPOSES.

  (a) Findings.--The Congress finds that--
          (1) the position of the United States in the world 
        economy faces great challenges from highly trained 
        foreign competition;
          (2) the workforce of the United States must be better 
        prepared for the technologically advanced, competitive, 
        global economy;
          (3) the improvement of our work force's productivity 
        and our international economic position depend upon the 
        strengthening of our educational efforts in [science, 
        mathematics, and technology] science, technology, 
        engineering, and mathematics or STEM, especially at the 
        associate-degree level;
          (4) shortages of scientifically and technically 
        educated trained workers in a wide variety of fields 
        will best be addressed by collaboration among the 
        Nation's associate-degree-granting colleges and private 
        industry to produce skilled, advanced technicians; and
          (5) the National Science Foundation's traditional 
        role in developing model curricula, disseminating 
        instructional materials, enhancing faculty development, 
        and stimulating partnerships between educational 
        institutions and industry, makes an enlarged role for 
        the Foundation in [scientific and technical education 
        and training] STEM education and training particularly 
        appropriate.
  (b) Purposes.--It is the purpose of this Act to--
          (1) improve science and technical education at 
        associate-degree-granting colleges;
          (2) improve secondary school and postsecondary 
        curricula in [mathematics and science] STEM fields;
          (3) improve the educational opportunities of 
        postsecondary students by creating comprehensive 
        articulation agreements and planning between 2-year and 
        4-year institutions; and
          (4) promote outreach to secondary schools to improve 
        [mathematics and science instruction] STEM instruction.

SEC. 3. [SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL EDUCATION]  STEM EDUCATION.

  (a) National Advanced [Scientific and Technical Education] 
STEM Education Program.--The Director of the National Science 
Foundation (hereafter in this Act referred to as the 
``Director'') shall award grants to associate-degree-granting 
colleges, and consortia thereof, to assist them in providing 
education in advanced-technology fields and education to 
prepare the skilled technical workforce to meet workforce 
demands, and to improve the quality of their [core education 
courses in science and mathematics] core education courses in 
STEM fields. The grant program shall place emphasis on the 
needs of students who have been in the workforce (including 
veterans and individuals engaged in work in the home) and on 
building a pathway from secondary schools, to associate-degree-
granting institutions, to careers that require technical 
training, and shall be designed to strengthen and expand the 
scientific and technical education and training capabilities of 
associate-degree-granting colleges through such methods as--
          (1) the development and study of model instructional 
        programs in advanced-technology fields and in [core 
        science and mathematics courses] core STEM courses;
          (2) the professional development of faculty and 
        instructors, both full- and part-time, who provide 
        instruction in [science, mathematics, and advanced-
        technology fields] STEM and advanced-technology fields;
          (3) the establishment of innovative partnership 
        arrangements that--
                  (A) involve associate-degree-granting 
                colleges and other appropriate public and 
                private sector entities to support the 
                advanced-technology industries that drive the 
                competitiveness of the United States in the 
                global economy;
                  (B) provide for private sector donations, 
                faculty opportunities to have short-term 
                assignments with industry, sharing of program 
                costs, equipment loans, and the cooperative use 
                of laboratories, plants, and other facilities, 
                and provision for state-of-the-art work 
                experience opportunities for students enrolled 
                in such programs; and
                  (C) encourage participation of individuals 
                identified in section 33 or 34 of the Science 
                and Engineering Equal Opportunities Act (42 
                U.S.C. 1885a or 1885b);
          (4) the acquisition of state-of-the-art 
        instrumentation essential to programs designed to 
        prepare and upgrade students in [scientific and 
        advanced-technology fields] STEM and advanced-
        technology fields; and
          (5) the development and dissemination of 
        instructional materials in support of improving the 
        [advanced scientific and technical education] advanced 
        STEM and advanced-technology and training capabilities 
        of associate-degree-granting colleges, including 
        programs for students who are not pursuing a science 
        degree.
  [(b) National Centers of Scientific and Technical 
Education.-- The Director shall award grants for the 
establishment of centers of excellence, not to exceed 12 in 
number, among associate-degree-granting colleges. Centers shall 
meet one or both of the following criteria:
          [(1) Exceptional instructional programs in advanced-
        technology fields.
          [(2) Excellence in undergraduate education in 
        mathematics and science.
The centers shall serve as national and regional clearinghouses 
and models for the benefit of both colleges and secondary 
schools, and shall provide seminars and programs to disseminate 
model curricula and model teaching methods and instructional 
materials to other associate-degree-granting colleges in the 
geographic region served by the center.]
  (b) National Coordination Network for Science and Technical 
Education.--The Director shall award grants to institutions of 
higher education, non-profit organizations, and associate-
degree granting colleges (or consortia of such institutions or 
organizations) to establish a network of centers for science 
and technical education. The centers shall--
          (1) coordinate research, training, and education 
        activities funded by awards under subsection (a) and 
        share information and best practices across the network 
        of awardees;
          (2) serve as a national and regional clearinghouse 
        and resource to communicate and coordinate research, 
        training, and educational activities across 
        disciplinary, organizational, geographic, and 
        international boundaries and disseminate best 
        practices; and
          (3) develop national and regional partnerships 
        between PreK-12 schools, two-year colleges, 
        institutions of higher education, workforce development 
        programs, labor organizations, and industry to meet 
        workforce needs.
  (c) Articulation Partnerships.--
          (1) Partnership grants.--(A) The Director shall make 
        grants to eligible partnerships [to encourage students 
        to pursue bachelor degrees in mathematics, science, 
        engineering, or technology, and to assist students 
        pursuing bachelor degrees in mathematics, science, 
        engineering, or technology to make the transition from 
        associate-degree-granting colleges to bachelor-degree-
        granting institutions, through such means as--] to 
        encourage the development of career and educational 
        pathways with multiple entry and exit points leading to 
        credentials and degrees, and to assist students 
        pursuing pathways in STEM fields to transition from 
        associate-degree-granting colleges to bachelor-degree-
        granting institutions, through such means as--
                  (i) examining curricula [to ensure] to 
                develop articulation agreements that ensure 
                that academic credit earned at the associate-
                degree-granting college is transferable to 
                bachelor-degree-granting institutions;
                  (ii) informing teachers from the associate-
                degree-granting college on the specific 
                requirements of [courses at the bachelor-
                degree-granting institution] the career and 
                educational pathways supported by the 
                articulation agreements; and
                  (iii) providing summer educational programs 
                for students from the associate-degree-granting 
                college to encourage such students' subsequent 
                matriculation at bachelor-degree-granting 
                institutions.
          (B) Each eligible partnership receiving a grant under 
        this paragraph shall, at a minimum--
                  (i) counsel students, including students who 
                have been in the workforce (including veterans 
                and individuals engaged in work in the home), 
                about the requirements and course offerings of 
                the bachelor-degree-granting institution;
                  (ii) conduct workshops and orientation 
                sessions to ensure that students are familiar 
                with programs, including laboratories and 
                financial aid programs, at the bachelor-degree-
                granting institution;
                  (iii) provide students with research 
                experiences at [bachelor's-degree-granting 
                institutions] institutions or work sites 
                participating in the partnership, including 
                stipend support for students participating in 
                summer programs or industry internships; and
                  (iv) provide faculty mentors for students 
                participating in activities under clause (iii), 
                including summer salary support for faculty 
                mentors.
[Funds used by eligible partnerships to carry out clauses (i) 
and (ii) shall be from non-Federal sources. In-cash and in-kind 
resources used by eligible partnerships to carry out clauses 
(i) and (ii) shall not be considered to be contributions for 
purposes of applying subsection (f)(3).]
          [(C) Any institution participating in a partnership 
        that receives a grant under this paragraph shall be 
        ineligible to receive assistance under part B of title 
        I of the Higher Education Act of 1965 for the duration 
        of the grant received under this paragraph.]
          (2) Outreach grants.--The Director shall make grants 
        to associate-degree-granting colleges with outstanding 
        [mathematics and science programs] STEM programs to 
        strengthen relationships with secondary schools and, as 
        appropriate, elementary schools, in the community 
        served by the college by improving [mathematics and 
        science education] STEM education and encouraging the 
        interest and aptitude of [secondary school students] 
        students at these schools for careers in [science and 
        advanced-technology fields] STEM and advanced-
        technology fields through such means as developing 
        [agreements with local educational agencies] 
        articulation agreements or dual credit courses with 
        local secondary schools, or other means as the Director 
        determines appropriate, to enable students to satisfy 
        entrance and course requirements at the associate-
        degree-granting college.
          (3) Mentor training grants.--The Director [shall--]
                  [(A) establish a] shall establish a program 
                to encourage and make grants available to 
                institutions of higher education that award 
                associate degrees to recruit and train 
                individuals from [the fields of science, 
                technology, engineering, and mathematics] STEM 
                fields to mentor students who are described in 
                section 33 or 34 of the Science and Engineering 
                Equal Opportunities Act (42 U.S.C. 1885a or 
                1885b) in order to assist those students in 
                identifying, qualifying for, and entering 
                higher-paying technical jobs in those fields[; 
                and], including jobs at Federal and academic 
                laboratories.
                  [(B) make grants available to associate-
                degree-granting colleges to carry out the 
                program identified in subsection (A).]
  (d) Grants for Associate Degree Programs in STEM Fields.--
          (1) In-demand workforce grants.--The Director shall 
        award grants to junior or community colleges to develop 
        or improve associate degree or certificate programs in 
        STEM fields, with respect to the region in which the 
        respective college is located, and an in-demand 
        industry sector or occupation.
          (2) Applications.--In considering applications for 
        grants under paragraph (1), the Director shall 
        prioritize--
                  (A) applications that consist of a 
                partnership between the applying junior or 
                community college and individual employers or 
                an employer consortia, or industry or sector 
                partnerships, and may include a university or 
                other organization with demonstrated expertise 
                in academic program development;
                  (B) applications that demonstrate current and 
                future workforce demand in occupations directly 
                related to the proposed associate degree or 
                certificate program;
                  (C) applications that include commitments by 
                the partnering employers or employer consortia, 
                or industry or sector partnerships, to offer 
                apprenticeships, internships, or other applied 
                learning opportunities to students enrolled in 
                the proposed associate degree or certificate 
                program;
                  (D) applications that include outreach plans 
                and goals for recruiting and enrolling women 
                and other underrepresented populations in STEM 
                fields in the proposed associate degree or 
                certificate program; [and]
                  (E) applications that describe how the 
                applying junior or community college will 
                support the collection of information and data 
                for purposes of evaluation of the proposed 
                associate degree or certificate program[.]; and
                  (F) as appropriate, applications that apply 
                the best practices for STEM education and 
                technical skills education through distance 
                learning or in a simulated work environment, as 
                determined by research described in subsection 
                (f); and
  (e) Grants for STEM Degree Applied Learning Opportunities.--
          (1) In general.--The Director shall award grants to 
        institutions of higher education partnering with 
        private sector employers or private sector employer 
        consortia, or industry or sector partnerships, that 
        commit to offering apprenticeships, internships, 
        research opportunities, or applied learning experiences 
        to enrolled students in identified STEM baccalaureate 
        degree programs.
          (2) Purposes.--Awards under this subsection may be 
        used--
                  (A) to develop curricula and programs for 
                apprenticeship, internships, research 
                opportunities, or applied learning experiences; 
                or
                  (B) to provide matching funds to incentivize 
                partnership and participation by private sector 
                employers and industry.
          (3) Applications.--In considering applications for 
        grants under paragraph (1), the Director shall 
        prioritize--
                  (A) applicants that consist of a partnership 
                between--
                          (i) the applying institution of 
                        higher education; and
                          (ii) individual employers or an 
                        employer consortia, or industry or 
                        sector partnerships;
                  (B) applications that demonstrate current and 
                future workforce demand in occupations directly 
                related to the identified STEM fields;
                  (C) applications that include outreach plans 
                and goals for recruiting and enrolling women 
                and other underrepresented populations in STEM 
                fields; [and]
                  (D) applications that describe how the 
                institution of higher education will support 
                the collection and information of data for 
                purposes of the evaluation of identified STEM 
                degree programs[.]; and
                  (E) applications that incorporate distance 
                learning tools and approaches.
  (f) Grants for Computer-based and Online STEM Education 
Courses.--
          (1) In general.--The Director of the National Science 
        Foundation shall award competitive grants to 
        institutions of higher education or nonprofit 
        organizations to conduct research on student outcomes 
        and determine best practices for STEM education and 
        technical skills education through distance learning or 
        in a simulated work environment.
          (2) Research areas.--The research areas eligible for 
        funding under this subsection may include--
                  (A) post-secondary courses for technical 
                skills development for STEM occupations;
                  (B) improving high-school level career and 
                technical education in STEM subjects;
                  (C) encouraging and sustaining interest and 
                achievement levels in STEM subjects among women 
                and other populations historically 
                underrepresented in STEM studies and careers; 
                and
                  (D) combining computer-based and online STEM 
                education and skills development with 
                traditional mentoring and other mentoring 
                arrangements, apprenticeships, internships, and 
                other applied learning opportunities.
  (g) Coordination With Other Federal Departments.--In carrying 
out this section, the Director shall consult, cooperate, and 
coordinate, to enhance program effectiveness and to avoid 
duplication, with the programs and policies of other relevant 
Federal agencies. [In carrying out subsection (c), the Director 
shall coordinate activities with programs receiving assistance 
under part B of title I of the Higher Education Act of 1965.]
  (h) Funding.--
          (1) Funding.--The Director shall allocate out of 
        amounts made available for the Education and Human 
        Resources Directorate--
                  (A) up to $5,000,000 to carry out the 
                activities under subsection (d) for each of 
                fiscal years 2019 through [2022] 2026, subject 
                to the availability of appropriations;
                  (B) up to $2,500,000 to carry out the 
                activities under subsection (e) for each of 
                fiscal years 2019 through [2022] 2026, subject 
                to the availability of appropriations; and
                  (C) [up to $2,500,000] not less than 
                $3,000,000 to carry out the activities under 
                subsection (f) for each of fiscal years 2019 
                through [2022] 2026, subject to the 
                availability of appropriations.
          (2) Limitation on funding.--Amounts made available to 
        carry out subsections (d), (e), and (f) shall be 
        derived from amounts appropriated or otherwise made 
        available to the National Science Foundation.(3) 
        Limitation on funding.--To qualify for a grant under 
        this section, an associate-degree-granting college, or 
        consortium thereof, shall provide assurances adequate 
        to the Director that it will not decrease its level of 
        spending of funds from non-Federal sources on advanced 
        scientific and technical education and training 
        programs.
  (i) Functions of the Director.--In carrying out this Act, the 
Director shall--
          (1) award grants on a competitive, merit basis;
          (2) ensure an equitable geographic distribution of 
        grant awards;
          [(3) ensure that an applicant for a grant awarded 
        under subsection (a), (b), or (c)(1) will make an in-
        cash or in-kind contribution in an amount equal to at 
        least 25 percent of the cost of the program, and for a 
        grant awarded under subsection (c)(2) will make an in-
        cash or in-kind contribution in an amount at least 
        equal to the amount of the grant award;]
          [(4)] (3) establish and maintain a readily accessible 
        inventory of the programs assisted under this Act; and
          [(5)] (4) designate an officer of the National 
        Science Foundation to serve as a liaison with 
        associate-degree-granting institutions for the purpose 
        of enhancing the role of such institutions in the 
        activities of the Foundation.
  (j) Definitions.--As used in this section--
          [(1) the term ``advanced-technology'' includes 
        advanced technical activities such as the 
        modernization, miniaturization, integration, and 
        computerization of electronic, hydraulic, pneumatic, 
        laser, nuclear, chemical, telecommunication, fiber 
        optic, robotic, and other technological applications to 
        enhance productivity improvements in manufacturing, 
        communication, transportation, commercial, and similar 
        economic and national security activities;]
          (1) the term advanced-technology includes 
        technological fields such as advanced manufacturing, 
        agricultural-, biological- and chemical-technologies, 
        energy and environmental technologies, engineering 
        technologies, information technologies, micro and nano-
        technologies, cybersecurity technologies, geospatial 
        technologies, and new, emerging technology areas;
          (2) the term ``associate-degree-granting college'' 
        means an institution of higher education (as determined 
        under section 101 of the Higher Education Act of 1965) 
        that--
                  (A) is a nonprofit institution that offers a 
                2-year associate-degree program or a 2-year 
                certificate program; or
                  (B) is a proprietary institution that offers 
                a 2-year associate-degree program;
          (3) the term ``bachelor-degree-granting institution'' 
        means an institution of higher education (as determined 
        under section 101 of the Higher Education Act of 1965) 
        that offers a baccalaureate degree program;
          (4) the term ``eligible partnership'' means one or 
        more associate-degree-granting colleges in partnership 
        with one or more [separate bachelor-degree-granting 
        institutions] other entities;
          (5) the term ``in-demand industry sector or 
        occupation'' has the meaning given the term in section 
        3 of the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (29 
        U.S.C. 3102);
          (6) the term ``junior or community college'' has the 
        meaning given the term in section 312 of the Higher 
        Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1058);
          [(7) the term ``local educational agency'' has the 
        meaning given such term in section 1471(12) of the 
        Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 
        U.S.C. 2891(12)).]
          [(8)] (7) the term ``region'' means a labor market 
        area, as that term is defined in section 3 of the 
        Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (29 U.S.C. 
        3102); [and]
          [(9)] (8) the terms ``[mathematics, science, 
        engineering, or technology] science, technology, 
        engineering, or mathematics'' or ``STEM'' mean science, 
        technology, engineering, and mathematics, including 
        computer science[.]; and
          (9) the term skilled technical workforce means 
        workers--
                  (A) in occupations that use significant 
                levels of science and engineering expertise and 
                technical knowledge; and
                  (B) whose level of educational attainment is 
                less than a bachelor degree.

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *


[SEC. 5. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

  [There are authorized to be appropriated, from sums otherwise 
authorized to be appropriated, to the Director for carrying out 
this Act--
          [(1) $35,000,000 for fiscal year 1992; and
          [(2) $35,000,000 for fiscal year 1993.]

SEC. 5. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

  There are authorized to be appropriated to the Director for 
carrying out sections 2 through 4, $150,000,000 for fiscal 
years 2022 through 2026.
                              ----------                              


 AMERICA CREATING OPPORTUNITIES TO MEANINGFULLY PROMOTE EXCELLENCE IN 
                 TECHNOLOGY, EDUCATION, AND SCIENCE ACT




           *       *       *       *       *       *       *
TITLE VII--NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *


SEC. 7008. POSTDOCTORAL RESEARCH FELLOWS.

  (a) Mentoring.--The Director shall require that all grant 
applications that include funding to support postdoctoral and 
graduate student researchers include a description of the 
mentoring activities that will be provided for such 
individuals, and shall ensure that this part of the application 
is evaluated under the Foundation's broader impacts merit 
review criterion. The requirement may be satisfied by providing 
such individuals with access to mentors, including individuals 
not listed on the grant. Mentoring activities may include 
career counseling, training in preparing grant applications, 
guidance on ways to improve teaching skills, and training in 
research ethics.
  (b) Reports.--The Director shall require that annual reports 
and the final report for research grants that include funding 
to support postdoctoral researchers include a description of 
the mentoring activities provided to such researchers.

SEC. 7009. RESPONSIBLE CONDUCT OF RESEARCH.

  The Director shall require that each institution that applies 
for financial assistance from the Foundation for science and 
engineering research or education describe in its grant 
proposal a plan to provide appropriate training and oversight 
in the responsible and ethical conduct of research to 
undergraduate students, graduate students, [and postdoctoral 
researchers] postdoctoral researchers, faculty, and other 
senior personnel participating in the proposed research 
project, including mentor training.

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *

                              ----------                              


                NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION ACT OF 1950




           *       *       *       *       *       *       *
                         national science board

  Sec. 4. (a) The Board shall consist of twenty-four members to 
be appointed by the President and of the Director ex officio. 
In making nominations under this section, the President shall 
give due regard to equitable representation of scientists who 
are women or who represent minority groups. In addition to any 
powers and functions otherwise granted to it by this Act, the 
Board shall establish the policies of the Foundation.
  (b) The Board shall have an Executive Committee as provided 
in section 7, and may delegate to it or to the Director or both 
such of the powers and functions granted to the Board by this 
Act as it deems appropriate.
  (c) The persons nominated for appointment as members of the 
Board (1) shall be eminent in the fields of the basic, medical, 
or social sciences, engineering, agriculture, education, 
research management or public affairs; (2) shall be selected 
solely on the basis of established records of distinguished 
service and (3) shall be so selected as to provide 
representation of the views of scientific and engineering 
leaders in all areas of the Nation. In making nominations under 
this section, the President shall give due regard to equitable 
representation of scientists and engineering who are women or 
who represent minority groups. The President is requested, in 
the making of nominations of persons for appointment as 
members, to give due consideration to any recommendations for 
nomination which may be submitted to him by the National 
Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, the 
National Association of State Universities and Land Grant 
Colleges, the Association of American Universities, the 
Association of American Colleges, the Association of State 
Colleges and Universities, or by other scientific, engineering, 
or educational organizations.
  (d) The term of office of each member of the Board shall be 
six years; except that any member appointed to fill a vacancy 
occurring prior to the expiration of the term for which his 
predecessor was appointed shall be appointed for the remainder 
of such term. Any person, other than the Director, who has been 
a member of the Board for twelve consecutive years shall 
thereafter be ineligible for appointment during the two-year 
period following the expiration of such twelfth year.
  (e) The Board shall meet annually on the third Monday in May 
unless, prior to May 10 in any year, the Chairman has set the 
annual meeting for a day in May other than the third Monday and 
at such other times as the Chairman may determine, but he shall 
also call a meeting whenever one-third of the members so 
request in writing. The Board shall adopt procedures governing 
the conduct of its meetings, including delivery of notice and a 
definition of a quorum, which in no case shall be less than 
one-half plus one of the confirmed members of the Board.
  (f) The election of the Chairman and Vice Chairman of the 
Board shall take place at each annual meeting occurring in an 
even-numbered year. The Vice Chairman shall perform the duties 
of the Chairman in his absence. In case a vacancy occurs in the 
chairmanship or vice chairmanship, the Board shall elect a 
member to fill such vacancy.
  (g) The Board may, with the concurrence of a majority of its 
members, permit the appointment of a staff consisting of 
professional staff members, technical and professional 
personnel on leave of absence from academic, industrial, or 
research institutions for a limited term, and such operations 
and support staff members as may be necessary. Such staff shall 
be appointed by the Chairman and assigned at the direction of 
the Board. The professional members and limited term technical 
and professional personnel of such staff may be appointed 
without regard to the provisions of title 5, United States 
Code, governing appointments in the competitive service, and 
the provisions of chapter 51 of such title relating to 
classification, and shall be compensated at a rate not 
exceeding the maximum rate payable under section 5376 of such 
title, as may be necessary to provide for the performance of 
such duties as may be prescribed by the Board in connection 
with the exercise of its powers and functions under this Act. 
Section 14(a)(3) shall apply to each limited term appointment 
of technical and professional personnel under this subsection. 
Each appointment under this subsection shall be subject to the 
same security requirements as those required for personnel of 
the Foundation appointed under section 14(a).
  (h) The Board is authorized to establish such special 
commissions as it may from time to time deem necessary for the 
purposes of this Act.
  (i) The Board is also authorized to appoint from among its 
members such committees as it deems necessary, and to assign to 
committees so appointed such survey and advisory functions as 
the Board deems appropriate to assist it in exercising its 
powers and functions under this Act.
  (j)(1) The Board shall render to the President and the 
Congress no later than [January 15] March 15 of each even 
numbered year, a report on indicators of the state of science 
and engineering in the United States.
  (2) The Board shall render to the President and the Congress 
reports on specific, individual policy matters within the 
authority of the Foundation (or otherwise as requested by the 
Congress or the President) related to science and engineering 
and education in science and engineering, as the Board, the 
President, or the Congress determines the need for such 
reports.
  (k) Portions of Board meetings in which the Board considers 
proposed Foundation budgets for a particular fiscal year may be 
closed to the public until the President's budget for that 
fiscal year has been submitted to the Congress.
  (l) Members of the Board shall be required to file a 
financial disclosure report under title II of the Ethics in 
Government Act of 1978 (5 U.S.C. App. 92 Stat. 1836), except 
that such reports shall be held confidential and exempt from 
any law otherwise requiring their public disclosure.

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *


                 scholarships and graduate fellowships

  Sec. 10. (a) In General.--The Foundation is authorized to 
award scholarships and graduate fellowships for study and 
research in the sciences or in engineering at appropriate 
nonprofit American or nonprofit foreign institutions selected 
by the recipient of such aid, for stated periods of time. 
Persons shall be selected for such scholarships and fellowships 
from among citizens, nationals or lawfully admitted permanent 
resident aliens of the United States, and such selections shall 
be made solely on the basis of ability; but in any case in 
which two or more applicants for scholarships or fellowships, 
as the case may be, are deemed by the Foundation to be 
possessed of substantially equal ability, and there are not 
sufficient scholarships or fellowships, as the case may be, 
available to grant one to each of such applicants, the 
available scholarship or scholarships, fellowship or 
fellowships shall be awarded to the applicants in such manner 
as will tend to result in a wide distribution of scholarships 
and fellowships throughout the United States and as will 
address national workforce demand in critical STEM fields. 
Nothing contained in this Act shall prohibit the Foundation 
from refusing or revoking a scholarship or fellowship award, in 
whole or in part, in the case of any applicant or recipient, if 
the Board is of the opinion that such award is not in the best 
interests of the United States.
  (b) Amount.--The Director shall establish for each year the 
amount to be awarded for scholarships and fellowships under 
this section for that year. Each such scholarship and 
fellowship shall include a cost of education allowance [of 
$12,000] of at least $16,000, subject to any restrictions on 
the use of cost of education allowance as determined by the 
Director.
  (c) Outreach.--The Director shall ensure program outreach to 
recruit fellowship applicants from fields of study that are in 
areas of critical national need, from all regions of the 
country, and from historically underrepresented populations in 
STEM.

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *

                              ----------                              


                 CYBERSECURITY ENHANCEMENT ACT OF 2014




           *       *       *       *       *       *       *
TITLE III--EDUCATION AND WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *


SEC. 302. FEDERAL CYBER SCHOLARSHIP-FOR-SERVICE PROGRAM.

  (a) In general.--The Director of the National Science 
Foundation, in coordination with the Director of the Office of 
Personnel Management and Secretary of Homeland Security, shall 
continue a Federal cyber scholarship-for-service program to 
recruit and train the next generation of information technology 
professionals, industrial control system security 
professionals, and security managers to meet the needs of the 
cybersecurity mission for Federal, State, local, and tribal 
governments.
  (b) Program Description and Components.--The Federal Cyber 
Scholarship-for-Service Program shall--
          (1) provide scholarships through qualified 
        institutions of higher education, including community 
        colleges, to students who are enrolled in programs of 
        study at institutions of higher education leading to 
        degrees or specialized program certifications in the 
        cybersecurity field[;] and cybersecurity-related 
        aspects of other related fields as appropriate, 
        including artificial intelligence, quantum computing 
        and aerospace.
          (2) provide the scholarship recipients with summer 
        internship opportunities or other meaningful temporary 
        appointments in the Federal information technology and 
        cybersecurity workforce;
          (3) prioritize the placement of scholarship 
        recipients fulfilling the post-award employment 
        obligation under this section to ensure that--
                  (A) not less than 70 percent of such 
                recipients are placed in an executive agency 
                (as defined in section 105 of title 5, United 
                States Code);
                  (B) not more than 10 percent of such 
                recipients are placed as educators in the field 
                of cybersecurity at qualified institutions of 
                higher education that provide scholarships 
                under this section; and
                  (C) not more than 20 percent of such 
                recipients are placed in positions described in 
                paragraphs (2) through (5) of subsection (d); 
                and
          (4) provide awards to improve cybersecurity 
        education, including by seeking to provide awards in 
        coordination with other relevant agencies for summer 
        cybersecurity camp or other experiences, including 
        teacher training, in each of the 50 States, at the 
        kindergarten through grade 12 level--
                  (A) to increase interest in cybersecurity 
                careers;
                  (B) to help students practice correct and 
                safe online behavior and understand the 
                foundational principles of cybersecurity;
                  (C) to improve teaching methods for 
                delivering cybersecurity content for 
                kindergarten through grade 12 computer science 
                curricula; and
                  (D) to promote teacher recruitment in the 
                field of cybersecurity.
  (c) Scholarship Amounts.--Each scholarship under subsection 
(b) shall be in an amount that covers the student's tuition and 
fees at the institution under subsection (b)(1) for not more 
than 3 years and provides the student with an additional 
stipend.
  (d) Post-award Employment Obligations.--Each scholarship 
recipient, as a condition of receiving a scholarship under the 
program, shall enter into an agreement under which the 
recipient agrees to work for a period equal to the length of 
the scholarship, following receipt of the student's degree, in 
the cybersecurity mission of--
          (1) an executive agency (as defined in section 105 of 
        title 5, United States Code);
          (2) Congress, including any agency, entity, office, 
        or commission established in the legislative branch;
          (3) an interstate agency;
          (4) a State, local, or Tribal government;
          (5) a State, local, or Tribal government-affiliated 
        non-profit that is considered to be critical 
        infrastructure (as defined in section 1016(e) of the 
        USA Patriot Act (42 U.S.C. 5195c(e)); or
          (6) as provided by subsection (b)(3)(B), a qualified 
        institution of higher education.
  (e) Hiring Authority.--
          (1) Appointment in excepted service.--Notwithstanding 
        any provision of chapter 33 of title 5, United States 
        Code, governing appointments in the competitive 
        service, an agency shall appoint in the excepted 
        service an individual who has completed the eligible 
        degree program for which a scholarship was awarded.
          (2) Noncompetitive conversion.--Except as provided in 
        paragraph (4), upon fulfillment of the service term, an 
        employee appointed under paragraph (1) may be converted 
        noncompetitively to term, career-conditional or career 
        appointment.
          (3) Timing of conversion.--An agency may 
        noncompetitively convert a term employee appointed 
        under paragraph (2) to a career-conditional or career 
        appointment before the term appointment expires.
          (4) Authority to decline conversion.--An agency may 
        decline to make the noncompetitive conversion or 
        appointment under paragraph (2) for cause.
  (f) Eligibility.--To be eligible to receive a scholarship 
under this section, an individual shall--
          (1) be a citizen or lawful permanent resident of the 
        United States;
          (2) demonstrate a commitment to a career in improving 
        the security of information technology;
          (3) have demonstrated a high level of competency in 
        relevant knowledge, skills, and abilities, as defined 
        by the national cybersecurity awareness and education 
        program under section 303;
          (4) be a full-time student in an eligible degree 
        program at a qualified institution of higher education, 
        as determined by the Director of the National Science 
        Foundation, except that in the case of a student who is 
        enrolled in a community college, be a student pursuing 
        a degree on a less than full-time basis, but not less 
        than half-time basis;
          (5) enter into an agreement accepting and 
        acknowledging the post award employment obligations, 
        pursuant to section (d);
          (6) accept and acknowledge the conditions of support 
        under section (g); and
          (7) accept all terms and conditions of a scholarship 
        under this section.
  (g) Conditions of Support.--
          (1) In general.--As a condition of receiving a 
        scholarship under this section, a recipient shall agree 
        to provide the Office of Personnel Management (in 
        coordination with the National Science Foundation) and 
        the qualified institution of higher education with 
        annual verifiable documentation of post-award 
        employment and up-to-date contact information.
          (2) Terms.--A scholarship recipient under this 
        section shall be liable to the United States as 
        provided in subsection (i) if the individual--
                  (A) fails to maintain an acceptable level of 
                academic standing at the applicable institution 
                of higher education, as determined by the 
                Director of the National Science Foundation;
                  (B) is dismissed from the applicable 
                institution of higher education for 
                disciplinary reasons;
                  (C) withdraws from the eligible degree 
                program before completing the program;
                  (D) declares that the individual does not 
                intend to fulfill the post-award employment 
                obligation under this section;
                  (E) fails to maintain or fulfill any of the 
                post-graduation or post-award obligations or 
                requirements of the individual; or
                  (F) fails to fulfill the requirements of 
                paragraph (1).
  (h) Monitoring Compliance.--As a condition of participating 
in the program, a qualified institution of higher education 
shall--
          (1) enter into an agreement with the Director of the 
        National Science Foundation, to monitor the compliance 
        of scholarship recipients with respect to their post-
        award employment obligations; and
          (2) provide to the Director of the National Science 
        Foundation and the Director of the Office of Personnel 
        Management, on an annual basis, the post-award 
        employment documentation required under subsection 
        (g)(1) for scholarship recipients through the 
        completion of their post-award employment obligations.
  (i) Amount of Repayment.--
          (1) Less than 1 year of service.--If a circumstance 
        described in subsection (g)(2) occurs before the 
        completion of 1 year of a post-award employment 
        obligation under this section, the total amount of 
        scholarship awards received by the individual under 
        this section shall--
                  (A) be repaid; or
                  (B) be treated as a loan to be repaid in 
                accordance with subsection (j).
          (2)  1 or more years of service.--If a circumstance 
        described in subparagraph (D) or (E) of subsection 
        (g)(2) occurs after the completion of 1 or more years 
        of a post-award employment obligation under this 
        section, the total amount of scholarship awards 
        received by the individual under this section, reduced 
        by the ratio of the number of years of service 
        completed divided by the number of years of service 
        required, shall--
                  (A) be repaid; or
                  (B) be treated as a loan to be repaid in 
                accordance with subsection (j).
  (j) Repayments.--A loan described subsection (i) shall--
          (1) be treated as a Federal Direct Unsubsidized 
        Stafford Loan under part D of title IV of the Higher 
        Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1087a et seq.); and
          (2) be subject to repayment, together with interest 
        thereon accruing from the date of the scholarship 
        award, in accordance with terms and conditions 
        specified by the Director of the National Science 
        Foundation (in consultation with the Secretary of 
        Education) in regulations promulgated to carry out this 
        subsection.
  (k) Collection of Repayment.--
          (1) In general.--In the event that a scholarship 
        recipient is required to repay the scholarship award 
        under this section, the qualified institution of higher 
        education providing the scholarship shall--
                  (A) determine the repayment amounts and 
                notify the recipient, the Director of the 
                National Science Foundation, and the Director 
                of the Office of Personnel Management of the 
                amounts owed; and
                  (B) collect the repayment amounts within a 
                period of time as determined by the Director of 
                the National Science Foundation, or the 
                repayment amounts shall be treated as a loan in 
                accordance with subsection (j).
          (2) Returned to treasury.--Except as provided in 
        paragraph (3), any repayment under this subsection 
        shall be returned to the Treasury of the United States.
          (3) Retain percentage.--A qualified institution of 
        higher education may retain a percentage of any 
        repayment the institution collects under this 
        subsection to defray administrative costs associated 
        with the collection. The Director of the National 
        Science Foundation shall establish a single, fixed 
        percentage that will apply to all eligible entities.
  (l) Exceptions.--The Director of the National Science 
Foundation may provide for the partial or total waiver or 
suspension of any service or payment obligation by an 
individual under this section whenever compliance by the 
individual with the obligation is impossible or would involve 
extreme hardship to the individual, or if enforcement of such 
obligation with respect to the individual would be 
unconscionable.
  (m) Public Information.--
          (1) Evaluation.--The Director of the National Science 
        Foundation, in coordination with the Director of the 
        Office of Personnel Management, shall periodically 
        evaluate and make public, in a manner that protects the 
        personally identifiable information of scholarship 
        recipients, information on the success of recruiting 
        individuals for scholarships under this section and on 
        hiring and retaining those individuals in the public 
        sector cybersecurity workforce, including information 
        on--
                  (A) placement rates;
                  (B) where students are placed, including job 
                titles and descriptions;
                  (C) salary ranges for students not released 
                from obligations under this section;
                  (D) how long after graduation students are 
                placed;
                  (E) how long students stay in the positions 
                they enter upon graduation;
                  (F) how many students are released from 
                obligations; and
                  (G) what, if any, remedial training is 
                required.
          (2) Reports.--The Director of the National Science 
        Foundation, in coordination with the Office of 
        Personnel Management, shall submit, not less frequently 
        than once every two years, to the Committee on 
        Commerce, Science, and Transportation and the Committee 
        on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs of the 
        Senate and the Committee on Science, Space, and 
        Technology and the Committee on Oversight and Reform of 
        the House of Representatives a report, including--
                  (A) the results of the evaluation under 
                paragraph (1);
                  (B) the disparity in any reporting between 
                scholarship recipients and their respective 
                institutions of higher education; and
                  (C) any recent statistics regarding the size, 
                composition, and educational requirements of 
                the Federal cyber workforce..
          (3) Resources.--The Director of the National Science 
        Foundation, in coordination with the Director of the 
        Office of Personnel Management, shall provide 
        consolidated and user-friendly online resources for 
        prospective scholarship recipients, including, to the 
        extent practicable--
                  (A) searchable, up-to-date, and accurate 
                information about participating institutions of 
                higher education and job opportunities related 
                to the field of cybersecurity; and
                  (B) a modernized description of cybersecurity 
                careers.

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *

                              ----------                              


  SECTION 117 OF THE NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION AUTHORIZATION ACT OF 
                                  1988


              presidential awards for teaching excellence

  Sec. 117. (a)(1)(A) The President is authorized to make 
Presidential Awards for Excellence in Mathematics and Science 
Teaching to kindergarten through grade 12 school teachers of 
mathematics and science who have demonstrated outstanding 
teaching ability in the field of teaching mathematics or 
science.
  (B) Each year the President is authorized to make no fewer 
than [108] 110 awards under subparagraph (A). [In selecting 
teachers for an award authorized by this subsection, the 
President shall select at least two teachers--]
  (C)In selecting teachers for an award authorized by this 
subsection, the President shall 8 select--
          (i)at least two teachers--
                  [(i)] (I) from each of the several States;
                  [(ii)] (II) from the District of Columbia;
                  [(iii)] (III) from the Commonwealth of Puerto 
                Rico;
          [(iv) from among the Trust Territory of the Pacific 
        Islands, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana 
        Islands, and other commonwealths, territories, and 
        possessions of the United States; and]
                  [(v)] (IV) from schools established outside 
                the several States and the District of Columbia 
                by any agency of the Federal Government for 
                dependents of the employees of such agency[.]; 
                and
          (ii) at least one teacher--
                  (I) from the Commonwealth of the Northern 
                Mariana Islands;
                  (II) from American Samoa;
                  (III) from the Virgin Islands of the United 
                States; and
                  (IV) from Guam.
  (2) The President shall carry out this subsection, including 
the establishment of the selection procedures, after 
consultation with the Director and other appropriate officials 
of Federal agencies.
  (3)(A) Funds to carry out this subsection for any fiscal year 
shall be made available from amounts appropriated pursuant to 
annual authorization of appropriations for the Foundation for 
Education and Human Resources.
  (B) Amounts made available pursuant to subparagraph (A) shall 
be available for making awards under this subsection, for 
administrative expenses, for necessary travel by teachers 
selected under this subsection, and for special activities 
related to carrying out this subsection.
  (b) (Omitted amends other acts)
                              ----------                              


              AMERICA COMPETES REAUTHORIZATION ACT OF 2010




           *       *       *       *       *       *       *
  TITLE V--SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING, AND MATHEMATICS SUPPORT 
            PROGRAMS SUBTITLE A--NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION

Subtitle A--NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *


SEC. 506. NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION MANUFACTURING RESEARCH AND 
                    EDUCATION.

  (a) Manufacturing Research.--The Director shall carry out a 
program to award merit-reviewed, competitive grants to 
institutions of higher education to support fundamental 
research leading to transformative advances in manufacturing 
technologies, processes, and enterprises that will support 
United States manufacturing through improved performance, 
productivity, sustainability, and competitiveness. Research 
areas may include--
          (1) nanomanufacturing;
          (2) manufacturing and construction machines and 
        equipment, including robotics, automation, and other 
        intelligent systems;
          (3) manufacturing enterprise systems;
          (4) advanced sensing and control techniques;
          (5) materials processing; [and]
          (6) information technologies for manufacturing, 
        including predictive and real-time models and 
        simulations, [and] virtual manufacturing[.]; and 
        artificial intelligence and machine learning;
          (7) additive manufacturing, including new material 
        designs, complex materials, rapid printing techniques, 
        and real-time process controls; and
          (8) continuous manufacturing of biological products 
        and similar innovating monitoring and control 
        techniques.
  (b) Manufacturing Education.--In order to help ensure a well-
trained manufacturing workforce, the Director shall award 
grants to strengthen and expand scientific and technical 
education and training in advanced manufacturing, including 
through the Foundation's Advanced Technological Education 
program.

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *


SEC. 517. EXPERIMENTAL PROGRAM TO STIMULATE COMPETITIVE RESEARCH.

  (a) Findings.--The Congress finds that--
          (1) the National Science Foundation Act of 1950 
        stated, ``it shall be an objective of the Foundation to 
        strengthen research and education in the sciences and 
        engineering, including independent research by 
        individuals, throughout the United States, and to avoid 
        undue concentration of such research and education'';
          (2) National Science Foundation funding remains 
        highly concentrated, with 28 States and jurisdictions, 
        taken together, receiving only about 12 percent of all 
        National Science Foundation research funding;
          (3) each of the States described in paragraph (2) 
        receives only a fraction of 1 percent of the 
        Foundation's research dollars each year;
          (4) first established at the National Science 
        Foundation in 1979, the Experimental Program to 
        Stimulate Competitive Research (referred to in this 
        section as ``EPSCoR'') assists States and jurisdictions 
        historically underserved by Federal research and 
        development funding in strengthening their research and 
        innovation capabilities;
          (5) the EPSCoR structure requires each participating 
        State to develop a science and technology plan suited 
        to State and local research, education, and economic 
        interests and objectives;
          (6) EPSCoR has been credited with advancing the 
        research competitiveness of participating States, 
        improving awareness of science, promoting policies that 
        link scientific investment and economic growth, and 
        encouraging partnerships between government, industry, 
        and academia;
          (7) EPSCoR proposals are evaluated through a rigorous 
        and competitive merit-review process to ensure that 
        awarded research and development efforts meet high 
        scientific standards; and
          (8) according to the National Academy of Sciences, 
        EPSCoR has strengthened the national research 
        infrastructure and enhanced the educational 
        opportunities needed to develop the science and 
        engineering workforce.
  (b) Continuation of Program.--The Director shall continue to 
carry out EPSCoR, with the objective of helping the eligible 
States to develop the research infrastructure that will make 
them more competitive for Foundation and other Federal research 
funding. The program shall continue to increase as the National 
Science Foundation funding increases.
  (c) Coordination of EPSCoR and Similar Federal Programs.--
          (1) Another finding.--The Congress finds that a 
        number of Federal agencies have programs, such as 
        EPSCoR and the National Institutes of Health 
        Institutional Development Award program, designed to 
        increase the capacity for and quality of science and 
        technology research and training at academic 
        institutions in States that historically have received 
        relatively little Federal research and development 
        funding.
          (2) Coordination required.--The EPSCoR Interagency 
        Coordinating Committee, chaired by the National Science 
        Foundation, shall--
                  (A) coordinate each EPSCoR to maximize the 
                impact of Federal support for building 
                competitive research infrastructure, and in 
                order to achieve an integrated Federal effort;
                  (B) coordinate agency objectives with State 
                and institutional goals, to obtain continued 
                non-Federal support of science and technology 
                research and training;
                  (C) develop metrics to assess gains in 
                academic research quality and competitiveness, 
                and in science and technology human resource 
                development;
                  (D) conduct a cross-agency evaluation of each 
                EPSCoR and accomplishments, including 
                management, investment, and metric-measuring 
                strategies implemented by the different 
                agencies aimed to increase the number of new 
                investigators receiving peer-reviewed funding, 
                broaden participation, and empower knowledge 
                generation, dissemination, application, and 
                national research and development 
                competitiveness;
                  (E) coordinate the development and 
                implementation of new, novel workshops, 
                outreach activities, and follow-up mentoring 
                activities among EPSCoR or EPSCoR-like programs 
                for colleges and universities in EPSCoR States 
                and territories in order to increase the number 
                of proposals submitted and successfully funded 
                and to enhance statewide coordination of each 
                EPSCoR;
                  (F) coordinate the development of new, 
                innovative solicitations and programs to 
                facilitate collaborations, partnerships, and 
                mentoring activities among faculty at all 
                levels in non-EPSCoR and EPSCoR States and 
                jurisdictions;
                  (G) conduct an evaluation of the roles, 
                responsibilities and degree of autonomy that 
                program officers or managers (or the equivalent 
                position) have in executing each EPSCoR at the 
                different Federal agencies and the impacts 
                these differences have on the number of EPSCoR 
                State and jurisdiction faculty participating in 
                the peer review process and the percentage of 
                successful awards by individual EPSCoR State 
                jurisdiction and individual researcher; and
                  (H) conduct a survey of colleges and 
                university faculty at all levels regarding 
                their knowledge and understanding of EPSCoR, 
                and their level of interaction with and 
                knowledge about their respective State or 
                Jurisdictional EPSCoR Committee.
          (3) Meetings and reports.--The Committee shall meet 
        at least twice each fiscal year and shall submit an 
        annual report to the appropriate committees of Congress 
        describing progress made in carrying out paragraph (2).
  (d) Federal Agency Reports.--Each Federal agency that 
administers an EPSCoR shall submit to Congress, as part of its 
Federal budget submission--
          (1) a description of the program strategy and 
        objectives;
          (2) a description of the awards made in the previous 
        fiscal year, including--
                  (A) the total amount made available, by 
                State, under EPSCoR;
                  (B) the total amount of agency funding made 
                available to all institutions and entities 
                within each EPSCoR State;
                  (C) the efforts and accomplishments to more 
                fully integrate the EPSCoR States in major 
                agency activities and initiatives;
                  (D) the percentage of EPSCoR reviewers from 
                EPSCoR States; and
                  (E) the number of programs or large 
                collaborator awards involving a partnership of 
                organizations and institutions from EPSCoR and 
                non-EPSCoR States; and
          (3) an analysis of the gains in academic research 
        quality and competitiveness, and in science and 
        technology human resource development, achieved by the 
        program over the last 5 fiscal years.
  (e) National Academy of Sciences Study.--
          (1) In general.--The Director shall contract with the 
        National Academy of Sciences to conduct a study on all 
        Federal agencies that administer an EPSCoR.
          (2) Matters to be addressed.--The study conducted 
        under paragraph (1) shall include the following:
                  (A) A delineation of the policies of each 
                Federal agency with respect to the awarding of 
                grants to EPSCoR States.
                  (B) The effectiveness of each program.
                  (C) Recommendations for improvements for each 
                agency to achieve EPSCoR goals.
                  (D) An assessment of the effectiveness of 
                EPSCoR States in using awards to develop 
                science and engineering research and education, 
                and science and engineering infrastructure 
                within their States.
                  (E) Such other issues that address the 
                effectiveness of EPSCoR as the National Academy 
                of Sciences considers appropriate.
   (f) Award Structure Updates.--In implementing the mandate to 
maximize the impact of Federal EPSCoR support on building 
competitive research infrastructure, and based on the inputs 
and recommendations of previous EPSCoR reviews, the head of 
each Federal agency administering an EPSCoR program shall--
          (1) consider modifications to EPSCoR proposal 
        solicitation, award type, and project evaluation--
                  (A) to more closely align with current agency 
                priorities and initiatives;
                  (B) to focus EPSCoR funding on achieving 
                critical scientific, infrastructure, and 
                educational needs of that agency;
                  (C) to encourage collaboration between 
                EPSCoR-eligible institutions and researchers, 
                including with institutions and researchers in 
                other States and jurisdictions;
                  (D) to improve communication between State 
                and Federal agency proposal reviewers; and
                  (E) to continue to reduce administrative 
                burdens associated with EPSCoR;
          (2) consider modifications to EPSCoR award 
        structures--
                  (A) to emphasize long-term investments in 
                building research capacity, potentially through 
                the use of larger, renewable funding 
                opportunities; [and]
                  (B) to allow the agency, States, and 
                jurisdictions to experiment with new research 
                and development funding models; and
                  (C) to increase the capacity of rural 
                communities to provide quality STEM education 
                and STEM workforce development programming to 
                students, and teachers; and
          (3) consider modifications to the mechanisms used to 
        monitor and evaluate EPSCoR awards--
                  (A) to increase collaboration between EPSCoR-
                funded researchers and agency staff, including 
                by providing opportunities for mentoring young 
                researchers and for the use of Federal 
                facilities;
                  (B) to identify and disseminate best 
                practices; and
                  (C) to harmonize metrics across participating 
                Federal agencies, as appropriate.

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *


SEC. 525. TRIBAL COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES PROGRAM.

  (a) In general.--The Director shall continue to support a 
program to award grants on a competitive, merit-reviewed basis 
to tribal colleges and universities (as defined in section 316 
of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1059c), 
including institutions described in section 317 of such Act (20 
U.S.C. 1059d), to enhance the quality of undergraduate STEM 
education at such institutions and to increase the retention 
and graduation rates of [Native American] American Indian, 
Alaska Native, and Native Hawaiian students pursuing post-
secondary credentials and associate's [or baccalaureate 
degrees], baccalaureate, and graduate degrees in STEM.
  (b) Program Components.--Grants awarded under this section 
shall support--
          (1) activities to improve courses and curriculum in 
        STEM;
          (2) faculty development;
          (3) stipends for [undergraduate] students 
        participating in research; and
          (4) other activities consistent with subsection (a), 
        as determined by the Director.
  (c) Instrumentation.--Funding provided under this section may 
be used for laboratory and STEM equipment and materials.

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *

                              ----------                              


                 HIGH-PERFORMANCE COMPUTING ACT OF 1991




           *       *       *       *       *       *       *
TITLE I--NETWORKING AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT


SEC. 101. NETWORKING AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH AND 
                    DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM.

  (a) Networking and Information Technology Research and 
Development.--(1) The President shall implement a Networking 
and Information Technology Research and Development Program, 
which shall--
          (A) provide for long-term basic and applied research 
        on networking and information technology;
          (B) provide for research and development on, and 
        demonstration of, technologies to advance the capacity 
        and capabilities of high-end computing and networking 
        systems, and related software;
          (C) provide for sustained access by the research 
        community throughout the United States to high-end 
        computing, distributed, and networking systems that are 
        among the most advanced in the world in terms of 
        performance in solving scientific and engineering 
        problems, including provision for technical support for 
        users of such systems;
          (D) provide for efforts to increase software security 
        and reliability;
          (E) provide for high-performance networks, including 
        experimental testbed networks, to enable research and 
        development on, and demonstration of, advanced 
        applications enabled by such networks;
          (F) provide for computational science and engineering 
        research on mathematical modeling and algorithms for 
        applications in all fields of science and engineering;
          (G) provide for the technical support of, and 
        research and development on, high-end computing systems 
        and software required to address Grand Challenges;
          (H) provide support and guidance for educating and 
        training additional undergraduate and graduate students 
        in software engineering, computer science, computer and 
        network security, applied mathematics, library and 
        information science, and computational science;
          (I) provide for improving the security, reliability, 
        and resilience of computing and networking systems, 
        including Federal systems, including providing for 
        research required to establish security standards and 
        practices for these systems;
          (J) provide for improving the security, reliability, 
        and resiliency of computing and networking systems used 
        by institutions of higher education and other nonprofit 
        research institutions for the processing, storage and 
        transmission of sensitive federally funded research and 
        associated data;
          [(J)] (K) provide for increased understanding of the 
        scientific principles of cyber-physical systems and 
        improve the methods available for the design, 
        development, and operation of cyber-physical systems 
        that are characterized by high reliability, safety, and 
        security;
          [(K)] (L) provide for research and development on 
        human-computer interactions, visualization, and big 
        data;
          [(L)] (M) provide for research and development on the 
        enhancement of cybersecurity, including the human 
        facets of cyber threats and secure cyber systems;
          [(M)] (N) provide for the understanding of the 
        science, engineering, policy, and privacy protection 
        related to networking and information technology;
          [(N)] (O) provide for the transition of high-end 
        computing hardware, system software, development tools, 
        and applications into development and operations; and
          [(O)] (P) foster public-private collaboration among 
        government, industry research laboratories, academia, 
        and nonprofit organizations to maximize research and 
        development efforts and the benefits of networking and 
        information technology, including high-end computing.
  (2) The Director shall--
          (A) establish the goals and priorities for Federal 
        networking and information technology research, 
        development, education, and other activities;
          (B) establish Program Component Areas that implement 
        the goals established under subparagraph (A), and 
        identify the Grand Challenges that the Program should 
        address;
          (C) provide for interagency coordination of Federal 
        networking and information technology research, 
        development, education, and other activities undertaken 
        pursuant to the Program--
                  (i) among the participating agencies; and
                  (ii) to the extent practicable, with other 
                Federal agencies not described in paragraph 
                (3)(C), other Federal and private research 
                laboratories, industry, research entities, 
                institutions of higher education, relevant 
                nonprofit organizations, and international 
                partners of the United States;
          (D) submit to the Congress an annual report, along 
        with the President's annual budget request, describing 
        the implementation of the Program;
          (E) encourage and monitor the efforts of the agencies 
        participating in the Program to allocate the level of 
        resources and management attention necessary to ensure 
        that the strategic plans under subsection (e) are 
        developed and executed effectively and that the 
        objectives of the Program are met; and
          (F) consult with academic, State, industry, and other 
        appropriate groups conducting research on and using 
        high-end computing.
  (3) The annual report submitted under paragraph (2)(D) 
shall--
          (A) provide a detailed description of the Program 
        Component Areas, including a description of any changes 
        in the definition of or activities under the Program 
        Component Areas from the preceding report, and the 
        reasons for such changes, and a description of Grand 
        Challenges addressed under the Program;
          (B) provide a detailed description of the nature and 
        scope of research infrastructure designated as such 
        under the Program;
          (C) set forth the relevant programs and activities, 
        for the fiscal year with respect to which the budget 
        submission applies, of each Federal agency and 
        department, including--
                  (i) the Department of Justice;
                  (ii) the Department of Commerce;
                  (iii) the Department of Defense;
                  (iv) the Department of Education;
                  (v) the Department of Energy;
                  (vi) the Department of Health and Human 
                Services;
                  (vii) the Department of Homeland Security;
                  (viii) the National Archives and Records 
                Administration;
                  (ix) the Environmental Protection Agency;
                  (x) the National Aeronautics and Space 
                Administration;
                  (xi) the National Science Foundation; and
                  (xii) such other agencies and departments as 
                the President or the Director considers 
                appropriate;
          (D) describe the levels of Federal funding for the 
        fiscal year during which such report is submitted, the 
        levels for the previous fiscal year, and the levels 
        proposed for the fiscal year with respect to which the 
        budget submission applies, for each Program Component 
        Area and research area supported in accordance with 
        section 102;
          (E) describe the levels of Federal funding for each 
        participating agency, and for each Program Component 
        Area, for the fiscal year during which such report is 
        submitted, the levels for the previous fiscal year, and 
        the levels proposed for the fiscal year with respect to 
        which the budget submission applies;
          (F) include a description of how the objectives for 
        each Program Component Area, and the objectives for 
        activities that involve multiple Program Component 
        Areas, relate to the objectives of the Program 
        identified in the strategic plans required under 
        subsection (e); and
          (G) include an analysis of the progress made toward 
        achieving the goals and priorities established for the 
        Program and the extent to which the Program 
        incorporates the recommendations of the advisory 
        committee established under subsection (b).
  (b) Advisory Committee.--(1) The President shall establish an 
advisory committee on networking and information technology, 
consisting of geographically dispersed non-Federal members, 
including representatives of the research, education, and 
library communities, network and related software providers, 
and industry representatives in the Program Component Areas, 
who are specially qualified to provide the Director with advice 
and information on networking and information technology. Each 
chair of the advisory committee shall meet the qualifications 
of committee membership and may be a member of the President's 
Council of Advisors on Science and Technology. The 
recommendations of the advisory committee shall be considered 
in reviewing and revising the Program. The advisory committee 
shall provide the Director with an independent assessment of--
          (A) progress made in implementing the Program;
          (B) the need to revise the Program;
          (C) the balance between the components of the 
        Program, including funding levels for the Program 
        Component Areas;
          (D) whether the research and development undertaken 
        pursuant to the Program is helping to maintain United 
        States leadership in networking and information 
        technology; and
          (E) other issues identified by the Director.
  (2) In addition to the duties outlined in paragraph (1), the 
advisory committee shall conduct periodic evaluations of the 
funding, management, coordination, implementation, and 
activities of the Program. The advisory committee shall report 
not less frequently than once every 3 fiscal years to the 
Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of 
Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
Transportation of the Senate on its findings and 
recommendations.
  (3) Section 14 of the Federal Advisory Committee Act shall 
not apply to the advisory committee established under this 
subsection.
  (c) Office of Management and Budget.--(1) Each Federal agency 
and department participating in the Program shall, as part of 
its annual request for appropriations to the Office of 
Management and Budget, submit a report to the Office of 
Management and Budget which--
          (A) identifies each element of its networking and 
        information technology activities which contributes 
        directly to the Program Component Areas or benefits 
        from the Program; and
          (B) states the portion of its request for 
        appropriations that is allocated to each such element.
  (2) The Office of Management and Budget shall review each 
such report in light of the goals, priorities, and agency and 
departmental responsibilities set forth in the annual report 
submitted under subsection (a)(2)(D), and shall include, in the 
President's annual budget estimate, a statement of the portion 
of each appropriate agency's or department's annual budget 
estimate relating to its activities undertaken pursuant to the 
Program.
  (d) Periodic Reviews.--The heads of the participating 
agencies, working through the National Science and Technology 
Council and the Program, shall--
          (1) periodically assess and update, as appropriate, 
        the structure of the Program, including the Program 
        Component Areas and associated contents, scope, and 
        funding levels, taking into consideration any relevant 
        recommendations of the advisory committee established 
        under subsection (b); and
          (2) ensure that such agency's implementation of the 
        Program includes foundational, large-scale, long-term, 
        and interdisciplinary information technology research 
        and development activities, including activities 
        described in section 102.
  (e) Strategic Plans.--
          (1) In general.--The heads of the participating 
        agencies, working through the National Science and 
        Technology Council and the Program, shall develop and 
        implement strategic plans to guide--
                  (A) emerging activities of Federal networking 
                and information technology research and 
                development; and
                  (B) the activities described in subsection 
                (a)(1).
          (2) Updates.--The heads of the participating agencies 
        shall update the strategic plans as appropriate.
          (3) Contents.--Each strategic plan shall--
                  (A) specify near-term and long-term 
                objectives for the portions of the Program 
                relevant to the strategic plan, the anticipated 
                schedule for achieving the near-term and long-
                term objectives, and the metrics to be used for 
                assessing progress toward the near-term and 
                long-term objectives;
                  (B) specify how the near-term and long-term 
                objectives complement research and development 
                areas in which academia and the private sector 
                are actively engaged;
                  (C) describe how the heads of the 
                participating agencies will support mechanisms 
                for foundational, large-scale, long-term, and 
                interdisciplinary information technology 
                research and development and for Grand 
                Challenges, including through collaborations--
                          (i) across Federal agencies;
                          (ii) across Program Component Areas; 
                        and
                          (iii) with industry, Federal and 
                        private research laboratories, research 
                        entities, institutions of higher 
                        education, relevant nonprofit 
                        organizations, and international 
                        partners of the United States;
                  (D) describe how the heads of the 
                participating agencies will foster the rapid 
                transfer of research and development results 
                into new technologies and applications in the 
                national interest, including through 
                cooperation and collaborations with networking 
                and information technology research, 
                development, and technology transition 
                initiatives supported by the States; and
                  (E) describe how the portions of the Program 
                relevant to the strategic plan will address 
                long-term challenges for which solutions 
                require foundational, large-scale, long-term, 
                and interdisciplinary information technology 
                research and development.
          (4) Private sector efforts.--In developing, 
        implementing, and updating strategic plans, the heads 
        of the participating agencies, working through the 
        National Science and Technology Council and the 
        Program, shall coordinate with industry, academia, and 
        other interested stakeholders to ensure, to the extent 
        practicable, that the Federal networking and 
        information technology research and development 
        activities carried out under this section do not 
        duplicate the efforts of the private sector.
          (5) Recommendations.--In developing and updating 
        strategic plans, the heads of the participating 
        agencies shall solicit recommendations and advice 
        from--
                  (A) the advisory committee under subsection 
                (b);
                  (B) the Committee on Science and relevant 
                subcommittees of the National Science and 
                Technology Council; and
                  (C) a wide range of stakeholders, including 
                industry, academia, National Laboratories, and 
                other relevant organizations and institutions.
  (f) Reports.--The heads of the participating agencies, 
working through the National Science and Technology Council and 
the Program, shall submit to the advisory committee, the 
Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the 
Senate, and the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of 
the House of Representatives--
          (1) the strategic plans developed under subsection 
        (e)(1); and
          (2) each update under subsection (e)(2).

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *

                              ----------                              


                SUPPORTING VETERANS IN STEM CAREERS ACT




           *       *       *       *       *       *       *
SEC. 3. SUPPORTING VETERANS IN STEM EDUCATION AND COMPUTER SCIENCE.

  (a) Supporting Veteran Involvement in Scientific Research and 
STEM Education.--The Director shall, through the research and 
education activities of the Foundation, encourage veterans to 
study and pursue careers in STEM and computer science, in 
coordination with other Federal agencies that serve veterans.
  (b) Veteran Outreach Plan.--Not later than 180 days after the 
date of enactment of this Act, the Director shall submit to the 
Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of 
Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
Transportation of the Senate a plan for how the Foundation can 
enhance its outreach efforts to veterans. Such plan shall--
          (1) report on the Foundation's existing outreach 
        activities;
          (2) identify the best method for the Foundation to 
        leverage existing authorities and programs to 
        facilitate and support veterans in STEM careers and 
        studies, including teaching programs; and
          (3) include options for how the Foundation could 
        track veteran participation in research and education 
        programs of the Foundation, and describe any barriers 
        to collecting such information.
  (c) National Science Board Indicators Report.--The National 
Science Board shall provide in its [annual] biennial report on 
indicators of the state of science and engineering in the 
United States any available and relevant data on veterans in 
science and engineering careers or education programs.
  (d) Robert Noyce Teacher Scholarship Program Update.--Section 
10 of the National Science Foundation Authorization Act of 2002 
(42 U.S.C. 1862n-1) is amended--
          (1) in subsection (a)(5)--
                  (A) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``and'' 
                at the end;
                  (B) in subparagraph (B), by striking the 
                period at the end and inserting ``; and''; and
                  (C) by adding at the end the following:
                  ``(C) higher education programs that serve or 
                support veterans.'';
          (2) in subsection (b)(2)(F)--
                  (A) by striking ``and students'' and 
                inserting ``, students''; and
                  (B) by inserting ``, and veterans'' before 
                the period at the end;
          (3) in subsection (c)(2), by inserting ``and 
        veterans'' before the period at the end; and
          (4) in subsection (d)(2), by inserting ``and 
        veterans'' before the period at the end.
  (e) National Science Foundation Teaching Fellowships and 
Master Teaching Fellowships Update.--Section 10A(d) of the 
National Science Foundation Authorization Act of 2002 (42 
U.S.C. 1862n-1a(d)) is amended--
          (1) in paragraph (3)(F)--
                  (A) by striking ``and individuals'' and 
                inserting ``, individuals''; and
                  (B) by inserting ``, and veterans'' before 
                the period at the end; and
          (2) in paragraph (4)(B), by inserting ``and 
        veterans'' before the period at the end.
  (f) National Science Foundation Computer and Network Security 
Capacity Building Grants Update.--Section 5(a) of the Cyber 
Security Research and Development Act (15 U.S.C. 7404(a)) is 
amended--
          (1) in paragraph (1), by inserting ``and students who 
        are veterans'' after ``these fields''; and
          (2) in paragraph (3)--
                  (A) in subparagraph (I), by striking ``and'' 
                at the end;
                  (B) by redesignating subparagraph (J) as 
                subparagraph (K); and
                  (C) by inserting after subparagraph (I) the 
                following:
                  ``(J) creating opportunities for veterans to 
                transition to careers in computer and network 
                security; and''.
  (g) Graduate Traineeships in Computer and Network Security 
Research Update.--Section 5(c)(6)(C) of the Cyber Security 
Research and Development Act (15 U.S.C. 7404(c)(6)(C)) is 
amended by inserting ``or veterans'' after ``disciplines''.
  (h) Veterans and Military Families STEM Education Interagency 
Working Group.--
          (1) In general.--The Director of the Office of 
        Science and Technology Policy shall establish, or 
        designate, an interagency working group to improve 
        veteran and military spouse equity and representation 
        in STEM fields.
          (2) Duties of interagency working group.--An 
        interagency working group established under paragraph 
        (1) shall develop and facilitate the implementation by 
        participating agencies of a strategic plan, which 
        shall--
                  (A) specify and prioritize short- and long-
                term objectives;
                  (B) specify the common metrics that will be 
                used by Federal agencies to assess progress 
                toward achieving such objectives;
                  (C) identify barriers veterans face in 
                reentering the workforce, including a lack of 
                formal STEM education, career guidance, and the 
                process of transferring military credits and 
                skills to college credits;
                  (D) identify barriers military spouses face 
                in establishing careers in STEM fields;
                  (E) describe the approaches that each 
                participating agency will take to address 
                administratively the barriers described in 
                subparagraphs (C) and (D); and
                  (F) identify any barriers that require 
                Federal or State legislative or regulatory 
                changes in order to be addressed.
          (3) Report.--The Director of the Office of Science 
        and Technology Policy shall--
                  (A) not later than 1 year after the date of 
                enactment of this Act, submit to Congress the 
                strategic plan required under paragraph (2); 
                and
                  (B) include in the annual report required by 
                section 101(d) of the America COMPETES 
                Reauthorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 6621(d)) 
                a description of any progress made in carrying 
                out the activities described in paragraph (2) 
                of this subsection.
          (4) Sunset.--An interagency working group established 
        under paragraph (1) shall terminate on the date that is 
        3 years after the date that it is established.

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *

                              ----------                              


         NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION AUTHORIZATION ACT OF 2002




           *       *       *       *       *       *       *
SEC. 15. ADMINISTRATIVE AMENDMENTS.

  (a) Board Meetings.--
          (1) In general.--
          (2) Open meetings.--To ensure transparency of the 
        Board's entire decision-making process, including 
        deliberations on Board business occurring within its 
        various subdivisions, the Board and all of its 
        committees, subcommittees, and task forces (and any 
        other entity consisting of members of the Board and 
        reporting to the Board) shall be subject to section 
        552b of title 5, United States Code. The preceding 
        requirement will apply to meetings of the full Board, 
        whenever a quorum is present; and to meetings of its 
        subdivisions, whenever a quorum of the subdivision is 
        present.
          [(3) Compliance audit.--The Inspector General of the 
        Foundation shall conduct an audit every three years of 
        the compliance by the Board with the requirements 
        described in paragraph (2). The audit shall examine the 
        proposed and actual content of closed meetings and 
        determine whether the closure of the meetings was 
        consistent with section 552b of title 5, United States 
        Code.
          [(4) Report.--Not later than February 15 of every 
        third year, the Inspector General of the Foundation 
        shall transmit to the Committee on Science of the House 
        of Representatives, the Committee on Commerce, Science, 
        and Transportation of the Senate, and the Committee on 
        Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions of the Senate 
        the audit required under paragraph (3) along with 
        recommendations for corrective actions that need to be 
        taken to achieve fuller compliance with the 
        requirements described in paragraph (2), and 
        recommendations on how to ensure public access to the 
        Board's deliberations.
          [(5) Materials relating to closed portions of 
        meetings.--To facilitate the audit required under 
        paragraph (3) of this subsection, the Office of the 
        National Science Board shall maintain the General 
        Counsel's certificate, the presiding officer's 
        statement, and a transcript or recording of any closed 
        meeting, for at least 3 years after such meeting.]
          (3) Compliance review.--The Inspector General of the 
        Foundation shall conduct a review of the compliance by 
        the Board with the requirements described in paragraph 
        (2) as necessary based on a triennial risk assessment. 
        Any review deemed necessary shall examine the proposed 
        and actual content of closed meetings and determine 
        whether the closure of the meetings was consistent with 
        section 552b of title 5, United States Code.
          (4) Materials relating to closed portions of 
        meeting.--To facilitate the risk assessment required 
        under paragraph (3) of this subsection, and any 
        subsequent review conducted by the Inspector General, 
        the Office of the National Science Board shall maintain 
        the General Counsel's certificate, the presiding 
        officer's statement, and a transcript or recording of 
        any closed meeting, for at least 3 years after such 
        meeting.
  (b) Confidentiality of Certain Information.--
  (c) Appointment.--
  (d) Scholarship Eligibility.--The Director shall not exclude 
part-time students from eligibility for scholarships under the 
Computer Science, Engineering, and Mathematics Scholarship 
program.

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *

                              ----------                              


              AMERICAN INNOVATION AND COMPETITIVENESS ACT




           *       *       *       *       *       *       *
TITLE VI--INNOVATION AND TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *


SEC. 602. TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH GRANTS.

  (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
          (1) commercialization of federally funded research 
        may benefit society and the economy; and
          (2) not-for-profit organizations support the 
        commercialization of federally funded research by 
        providing useful business and technical expertise to 
        researchers.
  (b) Commercialization Promotion.--The Director of the 
Foundation shall continue to award grants on a competitive, 
merit-reviewed basis to eligible entities to promote the 
commercialization of federally funded research results.
  (c) Use of Funds.--Activities supported by grants under this 
section may include--
          (1) identifying Foundation-sponsored research and 
        technologies that have the potential for accelerated 
        commercialization;
          (2) supporting prior or current Foundation-sponsored 
        investigators, institutions of higher education, and 
        non-profit organizations that partner with an 
        institution of higher education in undertaking proof-
        of-concept work, including development of prototypes of 
        technologies that are derived from Foundation-sponsored 
        research and have potential market value;
          (3) promoting sustainable partnerships between 
        Foundation-funded institutions, industry, and other 
        organizations within academia and the private sector 
        with the purpose of accelerating the transfer of 
        technology;
          (4) developing multi-disciplinary innovation 
        ecosystems which involve and are responsive to specific 
        needs of academia and industry; and
          (5) providing professional development, mentoring, 
        and advice in entrepreneurship, project management, and 
        technology and business development to innovators.
  (d) Eligibility.--
          (1) In general.--The following organizations may be 
        eligible for grants under this section:
                  (A) Institutions of higher education.
                  (B) Public or nonprofit technology transfer 
                organizations.
                  (C) A nonprofit organization that partners 
                with an institution of higher education.
                  (D) A consortia of 2 or more of the 
                organizations described under subparagraphs (A) 
                through (C).
          (2) Lead organizations.--Any eligible organization 
        under paragraph (1) may apply as a lead organization.
  (e) Planning and Capacity Building Grants.--
          (1) In general.--Under the program established in 
        section 508 of the America COMPETES Reauthorization Act 
        of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 1862p-2) and the activities 
        authorized under this section, the Director shall award 
        grants to eligible entities for planning and capacity 
        building at institutions of higher education.
          (2) Eligible entity defined.--In this subsection, the 
        term ``eligible entity'' means an institution of higher 
        education (or a consortium of such institutions) that, 
        according to the data published by the National Center 
        for Science and Engineering Statistics, is not, on 
        average, among the top 100 institutions in Federal R&D 
        expenditures during the 3 year period prior to the year 
        of the award.
          (3) Use of funds.--In addition to activities listed 
        under subsection (c), an eligible entity receiving a 
        grant under this subsection may use funds to--
                  (A) ensure the availability of staff, 
                including technology transfer professionals, 
                entrepreneurs in residence, and other mentors 
                as required to accomplish the purpose of this 
                subsection;
                  (B) revise institution policies, including 
                policies related to intellectual property and 
                faculty entrepreneurship, and taking other 
                necessary steps to implement relevant best 
                practices for academic technology transfer;
                  (C) develop new local and regional 
                partnerships among institutions of higher 
                education and between institutions of higher 
                education and private sector entities and other 
                relevant organizations with the purpose of 
                building networks, expertise, and other 
                capacity to identify promising research that 
                may have potential market value and enable 
                researchers to pursue further development and 
                transfer of their ideas into possible 
                commercial or other use;
                  (D) develop seminars, courses, and other 
                educational opportunities for students, post-
                doctoral researchers, faculty, and other 
                relevant staff at institutions of higher 
                education to increase awareness and 
                understanding of entrepreneurship, patenting, 
                business planning, and other areas relevant to 
                technology transfer, and connect students and 
                researchers to relevant resources, including 
                mentors in the private sector; and
                  (E) create and fund competitions to allow 
                entrepreneurial students and faculty to 
                illustrate the commercialization potential of 
                their ideas.
          (4) Minimum duration and size of award.--Grants 
        awarded under this subsection shall be at least 3 years 
        in duration and $500,000 in total amount.
          (5) Application.--An eligible entity seeking funding 
        under this subsection shall submit an application to 
        the Director of the Foundation at such time, in such 
        manner, and containing such information and assurances 
        as such Director may require. The application shall 
        include, at a minimum, a description of how the 
        eligible entity submitting an application plans to 
        sustain the proposed activities beyond the duration of 
        the grant.
          (6) Authorization of appropriations.--From within 
        funds authorized under section 9, there are authorized 
        to carry out the activities under this subsection $40 
        million for each of fiscal years 2022 through 2026.
  [(e)] (f) Applications.--An eligible entity seeking a grant 
under this section shall submit an application to the Director 
at such time, in such manner, and containing such information 
as the Director may require.

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