House Report 117-708 - REPORT ON THE LEGISLATIVE AND OVERSIGHT ACTIVITIES of the COMMITTEE ON WAYS AND MEANS during the 117TH CONGRESS

[House Report 117-708]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]

Union Calendar No. 524

117th Congress } { Report
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
2d Session } { 117-708

======================================================================
REPORT ON THE LEGISLATIVE AND

OVERSIGHT ACTIVITIES

of the

COMMITTEE ON WAYS AND MEANS

during the

117TH CONGRESS

[GRAPHIC(S) NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT]

January 3, 2023.--Committed to the Committee of the Whole House on the
State of the Union and ordered to be printed

__________

U.S. GOVERNMENT PUBLISHING OFFICE
50-204 WASHINGTON : 2023

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

COMMITTEE ON WAYS AND MEANS
FULL COMMITTEE MEMBERS
117th Congress

RICHARD E. NEAL, Massachusetts, Chair

Lloyd Doggett, Texas Kevin Brady, Texas, Ranking Member
Mike Thompson, California Devin Nunes, California*
John B. Larson, Connecticut Vern Buchanan, Florida
Earl Blumenauer, Oregon Adrian Smith, Nebraska
Ron Kind, Wisconsin Tom Reed, New York**
Bill Pascrell Jr., New Jersey Mike Kelly, Pennsylvania
Danny K. Davis, Illinois Jason Smith, Missouri
Linda T. Sanchez, California Tom Rice, South Carolina
Brian Higgins, New York David Schweikert, Arizona
Terri A. Sewell, Alabama Jackie Walorski, Indiana***
Suzan DelBene, Washington Darin LaHood, Illinois
Judy Chu, California Brad Wenstrup, Ohio
Gwen Moore, Wisconsin Jodey Arrington, Texas
Dan Kildee, Michigan Drew Ferguson, Georgia
Brendan Boyle, Pennsylvania Ron Estes, Kansas
Don Beyer, Virginia Lloyd Smucker, Pennsylvania
Dwight Evans, Pennsylvania Kevin Hern, Oklahoma
Brad Schneider, Illinois Carol Miller, West Virginia
Tom Suozzi, New York Gregory Murphy, North Carolina****
Jimmy Panetta, California David Kustoff, Tennessee*****
Stephanie Murphy, Florida
Jimmy Gomez, California
Steven Horsford, Nevada
Stacey Plaskett, U.S. Virgin
Islands

----------
*The Honorable Devin Nunes resigned from the Committee on January 3,
2022.
**The Honorable Tom Reed resigned from Congress on May 10, 2022.
***The Honorable Jackie Walorski passed away on August 3, 2022.
****The Honorable Gregory Murphy was adopted as a Member of the
Committee on January 19, 2022.
*****The Honorable David Kustoff was adopted as a Member of the
Committee on June 9, 2022.

COMMITTEE ON WAYS AND MEANS
FULL COMMITTEE MEMBERSHIP
117th Congress
2nd Session

RICHARD E. NEAL, Chairman
Lloyd Doggett, Texas Kevin Brady, Texas, Ranking Member
Mike Thompson, California Vern Buchanan, Florida
John B. Larson, Connecticut Adrian Smith, Nebraska
Earl Blumenauer, Oregon Mike Kelly, Pennsylvania
Ron Kind, Wisconsin Jason Smith, Missouri
Bill Pascrell Jr., New Jersey Tom Rice, South Carolina
Danny K. Davis, Illinois David Schweikert, Arizona
Linda T. Sanchez, California Darin LaHood, Illinois
Brian Higgins, New York Brad Wenstrup, Ohio
Terri A. Sewell, Alabama Jodey Arrington, Texas
Suzan DelBene, Washington Drew Ferguson, Georgia
Judy Chu, California Ron Estes, Kansas
Gwen Moore, Wisconsin Lloyd Smucker, Pennsylvania
Dan Kildee, Michigan Kevin Hern, Oklahoma
Brendan Boyle, Pennsylvania Carol Miller, West Virginia
Don Beyer, Virginia Gregory Murphy, North Carolina
Dwight Evans, Pennsylvania David Kustoff, Tennessee
Brad Schneider, Illinois
Tom Suozzi, New York
Jimmy Panetta, California
Stephanie Murphy, Florida
Jimmy Gomez, California
Steven Horsford, Nevada
Stacey Plaskett, U.S. Virgin
Islands
Select Revenue Measures

Mike Thompson, California, Chairman
Lloyd Doggett (TX) Mike Kelly, Ranking Member (PA)
John B. Larson (CT) Tom Rice (SC)
Linda T. Sanchez (CA) David Schweikert (AZ)
Suzan DelBene (WA) Darin LaHood (IL)
Gwen Moore (WI) Jodey Arrington (TX)
Brendan Boyle (PA) Drew Ferguson (GA)
Don Beyer (VA) Kevin Hern (OK)
Tom Suozzi (NY) Ron Estes (KS)
Stacey E. Plaskett (VI)
Terri A. Sewell (AL)

Subcommittee on Trade

Earl Blumenauer, Oregon, Chairman
Ron Kind (WI) Adrian Smith, Ranking Member (NE)
Danny K. Davis (IL) Vern Buchanan (FL)
Brian Higgins (NY) Darin LaHood (IL)
Dan Kildee (MI) Jodey Arrington (TX)
Jimmy Panetta (CA) Drew Ferguson (GA)
Stephanie Murphy (FL) Ron Estes (KS)
Suzan DelBene (WA) Carol Miller (WV)
Don Beyer (VA) Lloyd Smucker (PA)
Linda T. Sanchez (CA)
Brendan Boyle (PA)

Subcommittee on Health

Lloyd Doggett (TX) Chairman
Mike Thompson (CA) Vern Buchanan, Ranking Member (FL)
Ron Kind (WI) Adrian Smith (NE)
Earl Blumenauer (OR) Mike Kelly (PA)
Brian Higgins (NY) Jason Smith (MO)
Terri A. Sewell (AL) Brad Wenstrup (OH)
Judy Chu (CA) Greg Murphy (NC)
Dwight Evans (PA) Kevin Hern (OK)
Brad Schneider (IL) Carol Miller (WV)
Jimmy Gomez, (CA)
Steven Horsford (NV)
Subcommittee on Worker and Family Support

Danny Davis (IL), Chairman
Judy Chu (CA) Jackie Walorski (IN), Ranking
Gwen Moore (WI) Member
Dwight Evans (PA) Brad Wenstrup (OH)
Stephanie Murphy (FL) Lloyd Smucker (PA)
Jimmy Gomez (CA) Greg Murphy (NC)
Dan Kildee (MI) David Kustoff (TN)
Jimmy Panetta (CA)

Subcommittee on Social Security

John B. Larson (CT), Chairman
Bill Pascrell, Jr. (NJ) David Schweikert (AK), Ranking
Linda T. Sanchez (CA) Member
Brian Higgins (NY) David Kustoff (TN)
Steven Horsford (NV) Tom Rice (SC)
Earl Blumenauer (OR) Jodey Arrington (TX)
Terri A. Sewell (AL) Drew Ferguson (GA)
Gwen Moore (WI)

Subcommittee on Oversight

Bill Pascrell, Jr. (NJ), Chairman
Tom Suozzi (NY) Tom Rice (SC), Ranking Member
Judy Chu (CA) Jackie Walorski (IN)
Brad Schneider (IL) Greg Murphy (NC)
Stacey E. Plaskett (VI) David Kustoff (TN)
Lloyd Doggett (TX) Brad Wenstrup (OH)
Dwight Evans (IL)
Steven Horsford (NV)
LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL

House of Representatives,
Committee on Ways and Means,
Washington, DC, January 3, 2023.
Hon. Cheryl L. Johnson,
Clerk of the House of Representatives,
Washington, DC.
Dear Ms. Johnson: I am herewith transmitting, pursuant to
House Rule XI, clause 1(d), the report of the Committee on Ways
and Means on its legislative and oversight activities during
the 117th Congress.
Sincerely,
Richard E. Neal,
Chair.

C O N T E N T S

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Page
Letter of Transmittal............................................ VII
Table of Contents................................................ IX
Foreword......................................................... XI
I. Legislative Activity Review.......................................1
A. Legislative Review of Tax Issues.................... 1
B. Legislative Review of Trade Issues.................. 8
C. Legislative Review of Health Issues................. 12
D. Legislative Review of Worker and Family Support
Issues............................................. 22
E. Legislative Review of Social Security Issues........ 26
F. Legislative Review of Oversight Issues.............. 27
II. Oversight Activity Review........................................29
A. Oversight Agenda.................................... 29
B. Actions Taken and Recommendations Made with Respect
to
Oversight Plan....................................... 32
Matters under the Committee's Tax Jurisdiction....... 29
III.Public Hearings..................................................74

Markups.......................................................... 76
Appendix I. Jurisdiction of the Committee on Ways and Means...... 78
Brief Description of Committee's Jurisdiction.................... 78
Appendix II. Statistical Review of the Activities of the
Committee on Ways and Means.................................... 84
Appendix III. Chairmen of the Committee on Ways and Means and
Membership of the Committee from the 1st through the 117th
Congresses..................................................... 85
FOREWORD

The Committee on Ways and Means submits its report on its
legislative and oversight activities for the 117th Congress
pursuant to the requirements of clause 1(d) of Rule XI of the
Rules of the House. Section I of the report describes the
Committee's legislative activities, divided into seven sections
as follows: Legislative Review of Tax Issues; Legislative
Review of Trade Issues; Legislative Review of Health Issues;
Legislative Review of Worker and Family Support Issues;
Legislative Review of Social Security Issues; Legislative
Review of Oversight Issues; and Legislative Review of Multi-
Jurisdictional Issues.
Section II of the report describes the Committee's
oversight activities. It includes a copy of the Committee's
Oversight Agenda, as filed with the House Clerk on March 1,
2021, along with a description of actions taken and
recommendations made with respect to the oversight plan. The
report then discusses additional Committee oversight
activities, and any recommendations or actions taken as a
result.
Finally, the report includes three appendices with
Committee information. Appendix I is an expanded discussion of
the Jurisdiction of the Committee on Ways and Means along with
a revised listing and explanation of blue slip resolutions.
Appendix II is a Statistical Review of the Activities of the
Committee on Ways and Means. Appendix III is a listing of the
Chairmen and membership of the Committee from the 1st through
117th Congress.
To carry out its work during the One Hundred Seventeenth
Congress, the Committee on Ways and Means had six standing
Subcommittees, listed below with membership:

Subcommittee on Select Revenue Measures

Mike Thompson (CA), Chair

Adrian Smith (NE), Ranking Member Lloyd Doggett (TX)
Tom Rice (SC) John B. Larson (CT)
David Schweikert (AZ) Linda T. Sanchez (CA)
Darin LaHood (IL) Suzan DelBene (WA)
Jodey Arrington (TX) Gwen Moore (WI)
Drew Ferguson (GA) Brendan Boyle (PA)
Kevin Hern (OK) Don Beyer (VA)
Ron Estes (KS) Tom Suozzi (NY)
Stacey E. Plaskett (VI)
Terri A. Sewell (AL)

Subcommittee on Trade

Earl Blumenauer (OR), Chair

Vern Buchanan (FL), Ranking Member Ron Kind (WI)
Devin Nunes (CA) Danny K. Davis (IL)
Tom Rice (SC) Brian Higgins (NY)
Darin LaHood (IL) Dan Kildee (MI)
Jodey Arrington (TX) Jimmy Panetta (CA)
Drew Ferguson (GA) Stephanie Murphy (FL)
Ron Estes (KS) Suzan DelBene (WA)
Carol Miller (WV) Don Beyer (VA)
Linda T. Sanchez (CA)
Brendan Boyle (PA)

Subcommittee on Health

Lloyd Doggett (TX), Chair

Devin Nunes (CA), Ranking Member Mike Thompson (CA)
Vern Buchanan (FL) Ron Kind (WI)
Adrian Smith (NE) Earl Blumenauer (OR)
Tom Reed (NY) Brian Higgins (NY)
Mike Kelly (PA) Terri A. Sewell (AL)
Jason Smith (MO) Judy Chu (CA)
David Schweikert (AZ) Dwight Evans (PA)
Brad Wenstrup (OH) Brad Schneider (IL)
Jimmy Gomez (CA)
Steven Horsford (NV)

Subcommittee on Worker and Family Support

Danny K. Davis (IL), Chair

Jackie Walorski (IN), Ranking Member Judy Chu (CA)
Brad Wenstrup (OH) Gwen Moore (WI)
Lloyd Smucker (PA) Dwight Evans (PA)
Kevin Hern (OK) Stephanie Murphy (FL)
Carol Miller (WV) Jimmy Gomez (CA)
Dan Kildee (MI)
Jimmy Panetta (CA)

Subcommittee on Social Security

John B. Larson (CT), Chair

Tom Reed (NY), Ranking Member Bill Pascrell, Jr. (NJ)
Tom Rice (SC) Linda T. Sanchez (CA)
Jodey Arrington (TX) Brian Higgins (NY)
Ron Estes (KS) Steven Horsford (NV)
Kevin Hern (OK) Earl Blumenauer (OR)
Terri A. Sewell (AL)
Gwen Moore (WI)

Subcommittee on Oversight

Bill Pascrell, Jr. (NJ), Chair

Mike Kelly (PA), Ranking Member Tom Suozzi (NY)
Jackie Walorski (IN) Judy Chu (CA)
Brad Wenstrup (OH) Brad Schneider (IL)
Drew Ferguson (GA) Stacey E. Plaskett (VI)
Lloyd Smucker (PA) Lloyd Doggett (TX)
Dwight Evans (IL)
Steven Horsford (NV)

Union Calendar No. 524

117th Congress } { Report
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
2d Session } { 117-708

======================================================================

REPORT ON THE LEGISLATIVE AND OVERSIGHT ACTIVITIES OF THE COMMITTEE ON
WAYS AND MEANS DURING THE ONE HUNDRED SEVENTEENTH CONGRESS

_______

January 3, 2023.--Committed to the Committee of the Whole House on the
State of the Union and ordered to be printed

_______

Mr. NEAL, from the Committee on Ways and Means,
submitted the following

R E P O R T

I. LEGISLATIVE ACTIVITY REVIEW

A. Legislative Review of Tax Issues

1. BILLS ENACTED INTO LAW DURING THE 117TH CONGRESS

a. American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (P.L. 117-2)

On February 24, 2021, Representative John Yarmuth
introduced H.R. 1319, the American Rescue Plan Act. On February
24, 2021, the House Budget Committee ordered the bill favorably
reported (H. Rept. 117-7). On February 27, 2021, H.R. 1319
passed the House by a recorded vote of 219-212 (Roll no. 49).
On March 6, 2021, H.R. 1319 passed the Senate with an amendment
by a recorded vote of 50-49 (Record Vote Number: 110). On March
10, 2021, the House agreed on a motion to concur with the
Senate amendment by a recorded vote of 220-211 (Roll no. 72).
On March 11, 2021, H.R. 1319 was signed by the President and
became Public Law No. 117-2.
P.L. 117-2 includes tax provisions related to modifying the
Earned Income Tax Credit, the Child Tax Credit, the Child and
Dependent Care Tax Credit, and extending and modifying the
Employee Retention Tax Credit and employer payroll credits for
COVID-19 related paid leave. It also establishes the Pension
Rehabilitation Administration within the Department of Treasury
and creates a related trust fund to make loans to certain
multiemployer defined benefit pension plans.

b. Surface Transportation Extension Act of 2021 (P.L. 117-44)

On September 30, 2021, Representative Peter DeFazio
introduced H.R. 5434, the Surface Transportation Extension Act
of 2021. On October 1, 2021, the House agreed to suspend the
rules and pass H.R. 5434 by a recorded vote of 365-51 (Roll no.
313). On October 2, 2021, the Senate passed H.R. 5434 by
unanimous consent. On October 2, 2021, H.R. 5434 was signed by
the President and became Public Law No. 117-44.
P.L. 117-44 amends the Internal Revenue Code to extend
expenditure authority through November 1, 2021, for the Highway
Trust Fund, Sport Fish Restoration and Boating Trust Fund, and
Leaking Underground Storage Tank Trust Fund.

c. Promoting Physical Activity for Americans Act (P.L. 117-50)

On April 22, 2021, Senator Sherrod Brown introduced S.
1301, the Promoting Physical Activity for Americans Act. On
July 30, 2021, S. 1301 passed the Senate by voice vote. On
September 29, 2021, the House passed S. 1301, as amended, by a
recorded vote of 219-212 (Roll no. 310). On October 7, 2021,
the Senate concurred in the House amendment to S. 130, as
amended, by a recorded vote of 50-48 (Record Vote: 412). On
October 14, 2021, S. 1301 was signed by the President and
became Public Law No. 117-50.
Public Law 117-73 increased the public debt limit by $480
billion.

d. Further Surface Transportation Extension Act of 2021 (P.L. 117-52)

On October 28, 2021, Representative Peter DeFazio
introduced H.R. 5763, the Further Surface Transportation
Extension Act of 2021. On October 28, 2021, the House agreed to
suspend the rules and pass H.R. 5763 by a recorded vote of 358-
59 (Roll no. 339). On October 28, 2021, the Senate passed H.R.
5763 by unanimous consent. On October 31, 2021, H.R. 5763 was
signed by the President and became Public Law No. 117-52.
P.L. 117-52 amends the Internal Revenue Code to extend
expenditure authority through December 4, 2021, for the Highway
Trust Fund, Sport Fish Restoration and Boating Trust Fund, and
Leaking Underground Storage Tank Trust Fund.

e. Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (P.L. 117-58)

On June 4, 2021, Representative Peter DeFazio introduced
H.R. 3684, the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act. On July
1, 2021, the House passed H.R. 3684, as amended, by a recorded
vote of 221-201 (Roll no. 208). On August 10, 2021, the Senate
passed H.R. 3984 by a recorded vote of 69-30 (Record Vote
Number: 314). On November 5, 2021, the House agreed to the
Senate amendment by a recorded vote of 228-206 (Roll no. 370).
On November 15, 2021, H.R. 3684 was signed by the President and
became Public Law No. 117-58.
P.L. 117-58 amends the Internal Revenue Code to extend the
Highway Trust Fund expenditure authority and to extend and
modify certain excise taxes. It expands the use of private
activity bonds and provides information reporting on the sale
of certain digital assets. It also extends IRS pension plan
interest rate relief, extends certain extensions of pension-
related IRS deadlines for federally declared disasters, and
modifies the expiration date of the Employee Retention Tax
Credit.

f. Protecting Medicare and American Farmers from Sequester Cuts Act
(P.L. 117-71)

On March 4, 2021, Senator Tim Kaine introduced S. 610, the
Protecting Medicare and American Farmers from Sequester Cuts
Act. On August 6, 2021, the Senate passed S. 610, as amended,
by voice vote. On December 7, 2021, the House passed S. 610, as
amended, by a recorded vote of 222-212 (Roll no. 404). On
December 9, 2021, the Senate agreed to the House amendment to
S. 610 by a recorded vote of 59-35 (Record Vote Number: 491).
On December 10, 2021, S. 610 was signed by the President and
became Public Law No. 117-71.
P.L. 117-71 establishes expedited Senate procedures for
considering legislation to increase the debt limit.

g. Joint resolution relating to increasing the debt limit (P.L. 117-73)

On December 14, 2021, Senator Charles E. Schumer introduced
S.J. Res. 33, a joint resolution relating to increasing the
debt limit. On December 14, 2021, S.J. Res 33 passed the Senate
by a recorded vote of 50-49 (Record Vote No. 498). On December
15, 2021, the House passed S.J. Res 33 by a recorded vote of
221-209 (Roll no. 449). On December 16, 2021, the President
signed S.J. Res. 33 and it became Public Law No. 117-73.
P.L. 117-73 increased the public debt limit by $2.5
trillion.

h. Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 (P.L. 117-169)

On August 11, 2021, the Senate passed S. Con. Res. 14, a
concurrent resolution setting the congressional budget for
fiscal year 2022, by a recorded vote of 50-49 (Record Vote
Number: 357). On August 24, 2021, the House passed S. Con. Res.
14 by a recorded vote of 220-212 (Roll no. 258). On September 9
10 and 14 15, 2021, the Committee on Ways and Means marked up
legislative proposals set forth in a committee print to comply
with the budget reconciliation instructions included in S. Con.
Res. 14. On September 15, 2021, the Committee on Ways and Means
transmitted the recommendations and all appropriate
accompanying material to the House Committee on the Budget. On
September 27, 2021, Representative John Yarmuth introduced H.R.
5376, the Build Back Better Act. On November 19, 2021, H.R.
5376 passed the House by a recorded vote of 220-213 (Roll no.
385). On August 7, 2022, H.R. 5376, the Inflation Reduction
Act, as amended by an amendment in the nature of a substitute,
passed the Senate by a recorded vote of 51-50 (Record Vote
Number: 325). On August 12, 2022, the House agreed to the
Senate amendment by a recorded vote of 220-207 (Roll no. 420).
On August 16, 2022, H.R. 5376 was signed by the President and
became Public Law No. 117-169.
P.L. 117-169 includes tax provisions related to the
imposition of a corporate alternative minimum tax, an excise
tax on repurchases of corporate stock, an excise tax on drug
manufacturers for failure to negotiate prescription prices,
clean energy tax incentives, and the reinstatement of the
Superfund petroleum tax.

i. Supreme Court Security Funding Act of 2022 (P.L. 117-167)

On July 1, 2021, Representative Tim Ryan introduced H.R.
4346, making appropriations for Legislative Branch for the
fiscal year ending September 30, 2022. On July 28, 2021, the
House passed H.R. 4346, as amended, by a recorded vote of 215-
207 (Roll no. 239). On June 22, 2022, the Senate passed H.R.
4346, as amended, by unanimous consent. On July 27, 2022, the
Senate agreed to the House amendment to the Senate amendment,
as amended, (S. Amdt. 5135) by a recorded vote of 64-33 (Record
Vote Number: 271). On July 28, 2022, the House agreed to the
Senate amendment to the House amendment to the Senate amendment
by a recorded vote of 243-187 (Roll no. 404). On August 9,
2022, H.R. 4346 was signed by the President and became Public
Law No. 117-167.
P.L. 117-167 did not include tax provisions upon
introduction. S. Amdt. 5135, introduced by Senator Charles
Schumer, amended the Internal Revenue Code by inserting a new
section establishing an advanced manufacturing investment
credit, which allows for a credit equal to 25 percent of a
qualified investment in semiconductor manufacturing.

j. Extending Government Funding and Delivering Emergency Assistance Act
(P.L. 117-43)

On September 21, 2021, Representative Rosa L. DeLauro
introduced H.R. 5305, the Extending Government Funding and
Delivering Emergency Assistance Act. On September 21, 2021, the
House passed H.R. 5305 by a recorded vote of 220-211 (Roll no.
267). On September 30, 2021, the Senate passed H.R. 5305, as
amended, by a recorded vote of (Record Vote Number: 397). On
September 30, 2021, the House agreed to the Senate amendment by
a recorded vote of 254-175 (Roll no. 311). On September 30,
2021, H.R. 5305 was signed by the President and became Public
Law No. 117-43.
The bill included a debt limit provision when it initially
passed the House, but the provision was removed in the Senate,
and it was not included in the final law.

k. Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2023 (P.L. 117-__)

On April 16, 2021, Representative Gerald E. Connolly
introduced H.R. 2617, the Consolidated Appropriations Act,
2023. On September 28, 2021 H.R. 2617 was passed in the House,
as amended, by a recorded vote of 414-10 (Roll no. 304). On
November 15, 2022, H.R. 2617 was passed in the Senate, as
amended, by unanimous consent. On December 22, 2022, the Senate
concurred in the House amendment to Senate amendment SA 4 to
H.R. 2617 with an amendment, under the order of December 22,
2022, by a record vote of 68-29 (Record Vote Number: 421). On
December 23, 2022, the House agreed to the Senate amendment to
the House amendment to the Senate Amendment by a vote of 225
201, 1 present (Roll no. 549). On December 29, 2022, H.R. 2617
was signed by the President and became Public Law No. 117-__
On May 4, 2021, Chair Neal introduced H.R. 2954, the
Securing a Strong Retirement Act of 2021. On May 5, 2021, the
Committee on Ways and Means held a markup and ordered H.R. 2954
favorably reported (H. Rept. 117-283). On March 29, 2022, the
House passed the bill H.R. 2954 under suspension of the rules
by a recorded vote of 414-5 (Roll no. 86). The provisions of
H.R. 2954 were substantially incorporated into the Consolidated
Appropriations Act, 2023.
This bill contains tax provisions related to retirement
savings, required minimum distributions, retirement plan
enrollment and contributions, and penalty-free withdrawals from
retirement plans for certain cases.

2. OTHER PROPOSALS DURING THE 117TH CONGRESS

a. American Dream and Promise Act of 2021, H.R. 6

On March 3, 2021, Representative Lucille Roybal-Allard
introduced H.R. 6, the American Dream and Promise Act of 2021.
On March 18, 2021, the House passed H.R. 6 by a recorded vote
of 228-197 (Roll no. 91).
This bill includes a revenue provision establishing a
supplementary surcharge for the purpose of providing appointed
counsel to applicants seeking judicial review of the Secretary
of Homeland Security's decision to deny an application under
this Act.

b. Farm Workforce Modernization Act of 2021, H.R. 1603

On March 8, 2021, Representative Zoe Lofgren introduced
H.R. 1603, the Farm Workforce Modernization Act of 2021. On
March 18, 2021, the House passed H.R. 1603 by a recorded vote
of 247-174 (Roll no. 93).
This bill allows non-U.S. nationals who are working in
agriculture to receive Certified Agricultural Worker Status
(CAWS). Eligible aliens receiving CAWS would become eligible
for certain federal benefits and tax credits.

c. For the People Act of 2021, H.R. 1

On January 4, 2021, Representative John P. Sarbanes
introduced H.R. 1, the For the People Act of 2021. On March 3,
2021, the House passed H.R. 1 by a recorded vote of 220-110
(Roll no. 62).
This bill includes amendments to the Internal Revenue Code
relating to the presidential primary matching payment account
and the presidential election campaign fund.

d. Protecting Our Kids Act, H.R. 7910

On May 31, 2022, Representative Jerrold Nadler introduced
H.R. 7910, the Protecting Our Kids Act. On June 6, 2022, Chair
Neal and Chair Nadler exchanged letters in which Chair Neal
asserted jurisdiction under rule X but agreed to discharge the
bill, as amended. On June 8, 2022, the House passed H.R. 7910,
with an amendment in the nature of a substitute, by a recorded
vote of 223-204 (Roll no. 245).
This bill amends the Internal Revenue Code to subject bump
stocks to Federal firearm regulations. The bill as reported out
of the Judiciary Committee also amended the Internal Revenue
Code to provide a tax credit equal to 10 percent of amounts
received from the first retail sale of a safe firearm storage
device for use within the United States, but this provision was
excluded from the amendment in the nature of a substitute
adopted by the House.

e. Marijuana Opportunity Reinvestment and Expungement Act, H.R. 3617

On May 28, 2021, Representative Jerrold Nadler introduced
H.R. 3617, the Marijuana Opportunity Reinvestment and
Expungement Act. On March 24, 2022, Chair Neal and Chair Nadler
exchanged letters in which Chair Neal asserted jurisdiction
under rule X but agreed to waive formal consideration. On April
1, 2022, the House passed H.R. 3617, as amended, by a recorded
vote of 220-204 (Roll no. 107).
The bill includes a provision that imposes an excise tax on
cannabis products produced in or imported into the United
States and an occupational tax on cannabis production
facilities and export warehouses.

f. Restaurant Revitalization Fund Replenishment Act of 2021, H.R. 3807

On June 11, 2021, Representative Earl Blumenauer introduced
H.R. 3807, the Restaurant Revitalization Fund Replacement Act
of 2021. On April 7, 2022, the House passed H.R. 3807 by a
recorded vote of 223-203 (Roll no. 123).
This bill amends the Internal Revenue Code to exempt grants
awarded under this Act from taxable income.

g. Build Back Better Act, H.R. 5376

h. Extending Government Funding and Delivering Emergency Assistance
Act, H.R. 5305

On September 21, 2021, Representative Rosa L. DeLauro
introduced H.R. 5305, the Extending Government Funding and
Delivering Emergency Assistance Act. On September 21, 2021, the
House passed H.R. 5305 by a recorded vote of 220 211 (Roll no.
267). On September 30, 2021, the Senate passed H.R. 5305, as
amended, by a recorded vote of 65-935 (Record Vote Number 397).
On September 30, 2021, the House agreed to the Senate amendment
by a recorded vote of 254-175 (Roll no. 311). On September 30,
2021, H.R. 5305 was signed by the President and became Public
Law No. 117-43.
The bill included a debt limit provision when it initially
passed the House, but the provision was removed in the Senate
and was not included in the final law.

i. Retirement Improvement and Savings Enhancement Act of 2021, H.R.
5891

On November 5, 2021, Representative Robert C. ``Bobby''
Scott introduced H.R. 5891, the Retirement Improvement and
Savings Enhancement Act of 2021. On February 25, 2022, Chair
Neal and Chair Scott exchanged letters in which Chair Neal
asserted jurisdiction under rule X but agreed to waive formal
consideration.
The bill includes tax provisions relating to retirement
savings, employer plans, pension plans, and incentives for
contributing to retirement plans.

j. Susan Muffley Act of 2022, H.R. 6929

On March 3, 2022, Representative Daniel T. Kildee
introduced H.R. 6929, the Susan Muffley Act of 2022. On July
27, 2022, the House passed H.R. 6929, as amended, by a recorded
vote of 254-175 (Roll no. 396).
This bill establishes and provides appropriations to a fund
for the payment of retirement benefits and specifies how the
lump-sum payments are treated for tax purposes.

k. Adjustable Interest Rate (LIBOR) Act of 2021, H.R. 4616

On July 22, 2021, Representative Brad Sherman introduced
H.R. 4616, the Adjustable Interest Rate (LIBOR) Act of 2021. On
December 7, 2021, Chair Neal and Chair Waters exchanged letters
in which Chair Neal asserted jurisdiction under rule X but
agreed to waive formal consideration. On December 8, 2021, the
House passed H.R. 4616, as amended, by a recorded vote of 415-9
(Roll no. 407).
The bill, as introduced, provides that a change to a loan,
financial instrument or other contract that includes payments
determined by reference to the London Inter-Bank Offer Rate to
a replacement reference rate under the bill would not be
treated as a realization event under the Internal Revenue Code.
The bill did not include this provision when it passed the
House.

l. Presidential Tax Filings and Audit Transparency Act of 2022

On December 21, 2022, Chair Richard E. Neal introduced H.R.
9640, the Presidential Tax Filings and Audit Transparency Act
of 2022. On December 22, 2022, the House passed H.R. 9640 by a
recorded vote of 222-201 (Roll no. 539).
This bill requires the Secretary of the Treasury to publish
any income tax return of the president. Additionally, it
requires the Secretary to audit the individual income tax
returns filed by Presidents and Presidents' spouses and to
audit the income taxes of corporations or partnerships
controlled by Presidents and Presidents' spouses. The bill
requires the Secretary to disclose and make publicly available
information about the returns and the audit process.

m. Inquiry directing the Secretary of the Treasury to provide certain
documents in the Secretary's possession to the House of
Representatives relating to the impact of the OECD Pillar One
agreement on the United States Treasury, H. Res. 1269

On July 26, 2022, Representative Kevin Hern introduced H.
Res. 1269, an inquiry directing the Secretary of the Treasury
to provide certain documents in the Secretary's possession to
the House of Representatives relating to the impact of the OECD
Pillar One agreement on the United States Treasury. On
September 20, 2021, the Committee on Ways and Means reported
the resolution of inquiry adversely.

3. OTHER ACTIONS TAKEN

On May 26, 2022, House Ways and Means Committee Chair
Richard E. Neal, Senate Finance Committee Chair Ron Wyden, as
well as Senators Michael F. Bennet, Todd Young, Rob Portman,
Mike Crapo and Representatives Suzan DelBene, Jackie Walorski,
and Donald S. Beyer, sent a letter to Treasury Secretary Janet
L. Yellen and IRS Commissioner Charles P. Rettig urging them to
finalize the proposed regulation by the Department of Treasury
and the IRS entitled, ``Section 42, Low-Income Housing Credit
Average Income Test Regulations,'' which was published in the
Federal Register on October 30, 2022.

B. Legislative Review of Trade Issues

1. BILLS ENACTED INTO LAW DURING THE 117TH CONGRESS

a. To ensure that goods made with forced labor in the Xinjiang Uyghur
Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China do not
enter the United States market, and for other purposes (P.L.
117-78)

On December 14, 2021, Representative James McGovern (D-MA)
introduced H.R. 6256, legislation to ensure that goods made
with forced labor in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of
the People's Republic of China do not enter the United States
market, and for other purposes. On December 14, 2021, the House
agreed to suspend the rules and passed H.R. 6256 by voice vote.
On December 16, 2021, H.R. 6256 passed the Senate by unanimous
consent. On December 23, 2021, H.R. 6256 was signed by the
President and became Public Law No. 117-78.
P.L. 117-78 contains a rebuttable presumption that goods
produced in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region are made
using forced labor and therefore must be blocked from
importation into the United States, and it also contains
sanctions and other provisions related to forced labor
enforcement.

b. Ending Importation of Russian Oil Act, 2022 (P.L. 117-109)

On March 8, 2022, Representative Lloyd Doggett (D-TX)
introduced H.R. 6968, the Ending Importation of Russian Oil
Act. On March 9, 2022, the House passed the bill by a recorded
vote of 414-17 (Roll. no 70). On April 7, 2022, the Senate
passed H.R. 6968, as amended, by a recorded vote of 100-0
(Record Vote Number: 132). On April 7, 2022, the House agreed
to the Senate amendment of H.R. 6968 by a recorded vote of 413-
9 (Roll no. 125). On April 8, 2022, H.R. 6968 was signed by the
President and became Public Law No. 117-109.
P.L. 117-09 prohibits the importation of energy products
from Russia classified under Chapter 27 of the Harmonized
Tariff Schedule of the United States.

c. Suspending Normal Trade Relations with Russia and Belarus Act (P.L.
117-110)

On March 17, 2022, Chair Neal (D-MA) and Ranking Member
Brady (R-TX) introduced H.R. 7108, the Suspending Normal Trade
Relations with Russia and Belarus Act. On March 17, 2022, the
House agreed to suspend the rules and passed H.R. 7108 by a
recorded vote of 424-8 (Roll no. 78). On April 7, 2022, the
Senate passed H.R. 7108, as amended, by a recorded vote of 100-
0 (Record Vote Number. 131). On April 7, 2022, the House agreed
to suspend the rules and passed the Senate amendment to H.R.
7108 by a recorded vote of 420-3 (Roll no. 124). On April 8,
2022, H.R. 7108 was signed by the President and became Public
Law No. 117-110.
P.L. 117-110 contains provisions to suspend normal trade
relations with the Russian Federation and the Republic of
Belarus, among other provisions.

d. Formula Act (P.L. 117-160)

On July 13, 2022, Trade Subcommittee Chair Earl Blumenauer
(D-OR) and Trade Subcommittee Ranking Member Adrian Smith (R-
NE) introduced H.R. 8351, the Formula Act. On July 15, 2022,
the House agreed to suspend the rules and passed the bill by a
recorded vote of 421-2 (Roll no. 363). On July 21, 2022, the
Senate passed H.R. 8351 by unanimous consent. On July 21, 2022,
H.R. 8351 was signed by the President and became Public Law No.
117-160.
P.L. 117-160 provides duty-free treatment to infant formula
through December 31, 2022.

e. Bulk Infant Formula to Retail Shelves Act (P.L. 117-192)

On September 26, 2022, Representative Suzan DelBene (D-WA)
and Trade Subcommittee Ranking Member Adrian Smith introduced
H.R. 8982, the Bulk Infant Formula to Retail Shelves Act. On
September 29, 2022, the House agreed to suspend the rules and
passed H.R. 8982 by unanimous consent. On September 29, 2022,
the Senate passed H.R. 8982 by a voice vote. On October 10,
2022, H.R. 8982 was signed by the President and became Public
Law No. 117-192.
P.L. 117-192 contains provisions that temporarily suspend
duties on imports of infant formula base powder used in
manufacturing infant formula in the United States. The
legislation suspends duties, quotas, and fees on certain
imports of infant formula base powder exported to the United
States on or before November 14, 2022, beginning on the third
day after enactment through December 31, 2022.

2. OTHER PROPOSALS DURING THE 117TH CONGRESS

a. H.R. 3974, Trade Adjustment Assistance Modernization Act of 2021

On June 17, 2021, Trade Subcommittee Chair Blumenauer
introduced H.R. 3974, the Trade Adjustment Assistance
Modernization Act of 2021. H.R. 3974 was later incorporated
into H.R. 4521, the America COMPETES Act of 2022, which passed
the House on February 4, 2022, by a recorded vote of 222-210.
H.R. 3974 would reauthorize and make modifications to the
various Trade Adjustment Assistance programs, including for
workers, communities, community colleges, firms, and farmers.

b. H.R. 3975, Generalized System of Preferences and Miscellaneous
Tariff Bill Modernization Act of 2021

On June 17, 2021, Trade Subcommittee Chair Blumenauer
introduced H.R. 3975, the Generalized System of Preferences and
Miscellaneous Tariff Bill Modernization Act of 2021. H.R. 3975
was later incorporated into H.R. 4521, the America COMPETES Act
of 2022, which passed the House on February 4, 2022, by a
recorded vote of 222-210.
H.R. 3975 would provide temporary duty suspensions or
reductions for eligible imported products through December 31,
2023 and December 31, 2024. H.R. 3975 also extends the American
Manufacturing Competitiveness Act of 2016 for two future
Miscellaneous Tariff Bill cycles (one in 2022 and one in 2025).

c. H.R. 6412, Import Security and Fairness Act

On January 18, 2022, Trade Subcommittee Chair Blumenauer
introduced H.R. 6412, the Import Security and Fairness Act.
H.R. 6412 was later incorporated into H.R. 4521, the America
COMPETES Act of 2022, which passed the House on February 4,
2022, by a recorded vote of 222-210.
H.R. 6412 would modify U.S. international trade import laws
to prevent countries that are both non-market economies and
listed on the Special 301 priority watch list from using the de
minimis threshold that allows imports valued under $800 to come
into the United States without paying duties, taxes, or fees.

d. H.R. 6329, National Critical Capabilities Defense Act

On December 20, 2021, Reps. Rosa DeLauro (D-CT), Bill
Pascrell (D-NJ), Brian Fitzpatrick (R-PA), and Victoria Spartz
(R-IN) introduced H.R. 6329, the National Critical Capabilities
Defense Act. H.R. 6329 was later incorporated into H.R. 4521,
the America COMPETES Act of 2022, which passed the House on
February 4, 2022 by a recorded vote of 222-210.

e. H.R. 6121, Eliminating Global Market Distortions to Protect American
Jobs Act of 2021

On December 2, 2021, Reps. Terri Sewell (D-AL) and Bill
Johnson (R-OH) introduced H.R. 6121, the Eliminating Global
Market Distortions to Protect American Jobs Act of 2021. H.R.
6121 was later incorporated into H.R. 4521, the America
COMPETES Act of 2022, which passed the House on February 4,
2022 by a recorded vote of 222-210.
H.R. 6121 would modify U.S. trade remedy laws.

f. H. Res. 382, Expressing the sense of the House of Representatives
that the United States should affirm its commitment as a member
of the World Trade Organization (WTO) and work with other WTO
members to achieve reforms at the WTO that improve the speed
and predictability of dispute settlement, address longstanding
concerns with the WTO's Appellate Body, increase transparency
at the WTO, ensure that WTO members invoke special and
differential treatment reserved for developing countries only
in fair and appropriate circumstances, and update the WTO rules
to address the needs of the United States and other free and
open economies in the 21st century.

On May 11, 2021, Reps. Ron Kind (D-WI), David Schweikert
(R-AZ), Don Beyer (D-VA), and Drew Ferguson (R-GA) introduced
H. Res. 382. H. Res. 382 was later incorporated into H.R. 4521,
the ``America COMPETES Act of 2022, which passed the House on
February 4, 2022, by a recorded vote of 222-210.

g. H.R. 4521, America COMPETES Act of 2022

On July 19, 2021, Representative Eddie Bernice Johnson (D-
TX) introduced H.R. 4521, the United States Innovation and
Competition Act of 2021. On February 4, 2022, the House passed
H.R. 4521, as amended, by a recorded vote of 222-210. On March
28, 2022, the Senate passed H.R. 4521, as amended, by a
recorded vote of 68-28.

h. H. Res. 1168, Reaffirming the economic partnership between the
United States and the Caribbean nations and recognizing the
need to strengthen trade and investment between the United
States and the Caribbean nations, our Third Border

On June 9, 2022, Delegate Stacey Plaskett (D-VI) and Rep.
Wenstrup (R-OH) introduced H. Res. 1168. On July 12, 2022, the
House passed H. Res. 1168, as amended, by a recorded vote of
351-64 (Roll no. 300).
H. Res. 1168 encourages further enhancing trade programs
between the Caribbean and the United States. It also urges the
President to prioritize and implement trade programs with the
Caribbean region that promote sustainable and resilient
economic development.

i. H. Res. 1285, Requesting the President to transmit certain
information to the House of Representatives relating to a
waiver of intellectual property commitments under the World
Trade Organization Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of
Intellectual Property Rights

On July 26, 2022, Trade Subcommittee Ranking Member Adrian
Smith introduced H. Res. 1285, a resolution of inquiry
requesting the President to transmit certain information to the
House of Representatives. On September 28, 2022, the Committee
on Ways and Means reported the resolution adversely.

C. Legislative Review of Health Issues

1. BILLS ENACTED INTO LAW DURING THE 117TH CONGRESS

l. American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (P.L. 117-2)

On February 24, 2021, Representative John Yarmuth
introduced H.R. 1319, the American Rescue Plan Act. On February
27, 2021, H.R. 1319 passed the House by a recorded vote of 219-
212 (Roll no. 49). On March 6, 2021, H.R. 1319 passed the
Senate with an amendment by a recorded vote of 50-49 (Record
Vote Number: 110). On March 10, 2021, the House agreed on a
motion to concur with the Senate amendment by a recorded vote
of 220-211 (Roll no. 72). On March 11, 2021, H.R. 1319 was
signed by the President and became Public Law No. 117-2.
P.L. 117-2 includes health provisions extending funding for
elder justice programs, including adult protective services
that report and investigate abuse of older adults and adults
with disabilities. The law provides additional funding for
quality improvement organizations under Medicare to support
COVID-19 infection control and vaccination uptake in skilled
nursing facilities and provides additional funding to deploy
teams to support skilled nursing facilities with cases of
COVID-19 among residents or staff during, and for one year
after, the COVID-19 public health emergency. P.L. 117-2
provides for increases in the rate of the refundable tax credit
for coverage under qualified health plan (premium tax credit)
in 2021 and 2022 for certain low-income taxpayers and extends
eligibility for the premium tax credit to individuals receiving
unemployment compensation in 2021.

m. To Prevent Across-the-Board Direct Spending Cuts, and for Other
Purposes (P.L. 117-7)

On March 12, 2021, Representative John Yarmuth introduced
H.R. 1868, To Prevent Across-the-Board Direct Spending Cuts,
and for Other Purposes. On March 19, 2021, the House passed
H.R. 1868 by a recorded vote of 246-175 (Roll no. 96). On March
25, 2021, the Senate passed H.R. 1868 by a recorded vote of 90-
2 (Record Vote Number: 142). On April 13, 2021, the House
suspended the rules and agreed to the Senate amendment by a
recorded vote of 384-38 (Roll no. 98). On April 14, 2021, H.R.
1868 was signed by the President and became Public Law No. 117-
7.
P.L. 117-7 continues to exempt Medicare from sequestration
until December 31, 2021 and applies certain modified payment
limits to rural health clinics that temporarily enrolled in
Medicare during the public health emergency relating to COVID-
19.

n. Extending Government Funding and Delivering Emergency Assistance Act
(P.L. 117-43)

On September 21, 2021, Representative Rosa DeLauro
introduced H.R. 5305, the Extending Government Funding and
Delivering Emergency Assistance Act. On September 21, 2021, the
House passed H.R. 5305 by a recorded vote of 220-211 (Roll no.
267). On September 30, 2021, the Senate passed H.R. 5305 by a
recorded vote of 65-35 (Record Vote Number: 397). On September
30, 2021, the House agreed to the Senate amendment by a
recorded vote of 254-175 (Roll no. 311). On September 30, 2021,
H.R. 5305 was signed by the President and became Public Law No.
117-43.
P.L. 117-43 amends the Medicare Improvement Fund Section
1898(b)(1) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395iii(b)(1))
by striking ``$165,000,000'' and inserting ``$69,000,000''.

o. Protecting Medicare and American Farmers from Sequester Cuts Act
(P.L. 117-71)

On March 4, 2021, Senator Tim Kaine introduced S. 610, the
Protecting Medicare and American Farmers from Sequester Cuts
Act. On August 6, 2021, the Senate passed S. 610 with an
amendment by voice vote. On December 7, 2021, the House passed
S. 610, as amended, with an amendment by a recorded vote of
222-212 (Roll no. 404). On December 10, 2021, S. 610 was signed
by the President and became Public Law No. 117-71.
P.L. 117-71 continues to exempt Medicare from sequestration
until March 31, 2022, and also includes a payment increase
under the physician fee schedule.

p. Postal Service Reform Act of 2022 (P.L. 117-108)

On May 11, 2021, Representative Carolyn Maloney introduced
H.R. 3076, the Postal Service Reform Act of 2022. On February
8, 2022, the House passed H.R. 3076 by a recorded vote of 342-
92 (Roll no. 38). On March 8, 2022, the Senate passed H.R. 3076
by a recorded vote of 79-19 (Record Vote Number: 71). On April
6, 2022, H.R. 3076 was signed by the President and became
Public Law No. 117-108.
P.L. 117-108 requires U.S. Postal Service employees who
reach Medicare eligibility at the age of 65 to remain in the
Federal Employee Health Benefit Program while enrolling in
Medicare Part A and Part B effective on January 1, 2025.

q. Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 (P.L. 117-169)

On August 11, 2021, the Senate passed S. Con. Res. 14, a
concurrent resolution setting forth the congressional budget
for fiscal year 2022, by a recorded vote of 50-49 (Record Vote
Number: 357). On August 24, 2021, the House passed S. Con. Res.
14 by a recorded vote of 220-212 (Roll no. 258). On November
19, 2021, H.R. 5376 passed the House by a recorded vote of 220-
213 (Roll no. 385). On August 7, 2022, H.R. 5376, the Inflation
Reduction Act, as amended by an amendment in the nature of a
substitute, passed the Senate by a recorded vote of 51-50
(Record Vote Number: 325). On August 12, 2022, the House agreed
to the Senate amendment by a recorded vote of 220-207 (Roll no.
420). On August 16, 2022, H.R. 5376 was signed by the President
and became Public Law No. 117-169.
P.L. 117-169 includes health provisions to require the
Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) to negotiate the
prices of certain prescription drugs under Medicare beginning
in 2026. The law requires drug manufacturers to issue rebates
to the CMS for brand-name drugs without generic equivalents
under Medicare medical services that cost $100 or more per year
per individual and for which prices increase faster than
inflation. Manufacturers that fail to comply are subject to
civil penalties. The law eliminates beneficiary cost-sharing
above the annual out-of-pocket spending threshold under the
Medicare prescription drug benefit beginning in 2024 and caps
annual out-of-pocket spending at $2,000 in 2025. The law
eliminates cost-sharing under the Medicare prescription drug
benefit for adult vaccines that are recommended by the Advisory
Committee on Immunization Practices. P.L. 117-169 extends
through 2025 certain adjustments and expansions of the premium
tax credit, including allowing taxpayers with incomes above
400% of the federal poverty line to qualify for the credit
related to Affordable Care Act premium subsidies.

r. Making Continuing Appropriations for Fiscal Year 2023, and for Other
Purposes (P.L. 117-180)

On February 25, 2022, Representative Angie Craig introduced
H.R. 6833, Making Continuing Appropriations for Fiscal Year
2023, and for Other Purposes. On March 31, 2022, the House
passed H.R. 6833 by a recorded vote of 232-193 (Roll no. 102).
On September 29, 2022, the Senate passed H.R. 6833 by a
recorded vote 72-25 (Record Vote Number: 351). On September 30,
2022, the House agreed to the Senate Amendment by a recorded
vote of 230-201 (Roll no. 476). On September 30, 2022, H.R.
6833 was signed by the President and became Public Law No. 117-
180.
P.L. 117-180 contains health provisions to extend certain
increased payment adjustments for low-volume hospitals under
Medicare's inpatient prospective payment system, to extend the
Medicare-Dependent Hospital Program (which provides additional
payments to certain small rural hospitals that have a high
proportion of Medicare patients), and to decrease funding for
the Medicare Improvement Fund.

s. Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2023 (P.L. 117-__)

On April 16, 2021, Representative Gerald E. Connolly
introduced H.R. 2617, the Consolidated Appropriations Act,
2023. On September 28, 2021, H.R. 2617 was passed in the House,
as amended, by a recorded vote of 414-10 (Roll no. 304). On
November 15, 2022, H.R. 2617 was passed in the Senate, as
amended, by unanimous consent. On December 22, 2022, the Senate
concurred in the House amendment to Senate amendment
SAto H.R. 2617 with an amendment, under the order of
December 22, 2022, by a record vote of 68-29 (Record Vote
Number: 421). On December 23, 2022, the House agreed to the
Senate amendment to the House amendment to the Senate Amendment
by a vote of 225-201, 1 present (Roll no. 549). On December 29,
2022, H.R. 2617 was signed by the President and became Public
Law No. 117-__.
P.L. 117-__ contains health provisions that extend funding
for low-volume and Medicare-Dependent Hospitals, as included in
P.L. 117-180 (Sections 4101-4102), in addition to an extension
of ambulance add-on payments under Medicare (Section 4103). The
law also extends several other expiring Medicare provisions
(Sections 4111-4114) that support physician payments through
the Medicare Physician Fee Schedule, enable services to be
furnished through telehealth, and delays pending payment
reductions and data reporting changes to the Clinical
Laboratory Fee Schedule by one year. In addition, it includes a
series of reforms to Medicare mental health services (Sections
4121-4130) a majority of which were marked up in Committee,
including revisions to the inpatient psychiatric payment
system, incorporation of a new benefit under Medicare Part B
for intensive outpatient services, and the addition of Marriage
and Family Therapists and and Mental Health Counselors as
providers in Medicare. Finally, P.L. 117-__ includes a series
of reforms and extensions to existing Medicare programs
(Sections 4131-4143), including extending the acute Hospital at
Home waiver flexibilities, providing for coverage of certain
lymphedema compression treatment items, and waiving a cap on
annual payments for nursing and allied health education
payments. The law also includes a health tax provision (Section
4151) that extends the flexibility to exempt telehealth
services from the deductible in high-deductible health plans
with health savings accounts. All of these provisions are paid
for (Sections 4161-4163) by decreasing funding under the
Medicare Improvement Fund, extending an adjustment to the
Medicare hospice aggregate payment cap, and extending and
revision the mandatory Medicare payment reductions under
sequestration.

2. OTHER PROPOSALS DURING THE 117TH CONGRESS

n. Mental Health Access Improvement Act of 2021, H.R. 432

On January 21, 2021, Representative Mike Thompson
introduced H.R. 432, the Mental Health Access Improvement Act
of 2021. On September 21, 2022, the Committee on Ways and Means
held a markup of Committee Print 117-2, containing
substantially similar language to H.R. 432, and ordered it
favorably reported by voice vote.
This bill provides for coverage of marriage and family
therapist services and mental health counselor services under
Medicare. It also excludes such services from the skilled
nursing facility prospective payment system and authorizes
marriage and family therapists and mental health counselors to
develop discharge plans for post-hospital services.

o. Improving Seniors' Timely Access to Care Act of 2022, H.R. 3173

On May 13, 2021, Representative Suzan DelBene introduced
H.R. 3173, the Improving Seniors' Timely Access to Care Act of
2021. On July 27, 2022, the Committee on Ways and Means held a
markup of H.R. 8487, the Improving Seniors' Timely Access to
Care Act of 2022, a bill substantially similar to H.R. 3173,
and ordered it favorably reported by voice vote. On September
14, 2022, the House passed H.R. 3173, as amended, under
suspension of the rules by a voice vote.
This bill establishes several requirements and standards
relating to prior authorization processes under Medicare
Advantage plans such as: (1) establishing an electronic prior
authorization program that meets specified standards, including
the ability to provide real-time decisions in response to
requests for items and services that are routinely approved;
(2) annually publishing specified prior authorization
information, including the percentage of requests approved and
the average response time; and (3) meeting other standards, as
set by the CMS, related to the quality and timeliness of prior
authorization determinations.

p. Lymphedema Treatment Act, H.R. 3630

On May 28, 2021, Representative Janice Schakowsky
introduced H.R. 3630, the Lymphedema Treatment Act. On July 14,
2022, Chair Neal exchanged letters with Chair Pallone in which
Chair Neal asserted jurisdiction under rule X but agreed to
waive formal consideration.
This bill provides for Medicare coverage of lymphedema
compression treatment items. Specifically, the bill provides
for coverage of (1) standard and custom fitted gradient
compression garments that are prescribed by a physician or
other specified health care professional to treat lymphedema
and (2) other devices determined to be effective in the
prevention or treatment of lymphedema.

q. Advancing Telehealth Beyond COVID-19 Act of 2021, H.R. 4040

On June 22, 2021, Representative Liz Cheney introduced H.R.
4040, the Advancing Telehealth Beyond COVID-19 Act of 2021. On
July 27, 2022, the House passed H.R. 4040 by a recorded vote of
416-12 (Roll no. 399).
This bill modifies the extension of certain Medicare
telehealth flexibilities after the end of the COVID-19 public
health emergency through December 31, 2024.

r. Elder Justice Reauthorization and Modernization Act of 2021, H.R.
4969

On August 6, 2021, Chair Neal introduced H.R. 4969, the
Elder Justice Reauthorization and Modernization Act of 2021.
This bill reauthorizes, provides funding through Fiscal
Year 2025 for, and otherwise makes changes to programs for
preventing, detecting, and treating abuse, neglect, and
exploitation of older adults. Specifically, the bill provides
funding for states and localities to enhance adult protective
services and long-term care ombudsman programs.

s. Nursing Home Improvement and Accountability Act of 2021, H.R. 5169

On September 6, 2021, Chair Neal introduced H.R. 5169, the
Nursing Home Improvement and Accountability Act of 2021.
This bill establishes reporting, staffing, and other
quality control requirements for Medicare skilled nursing
facilities and Medicaid nursing facilities. It also establishes
civil penalties for facilities that submit inaccurate reports
relating to staffing data and prohibits facilities from
entering into pre-dispute arbitration agreements.

t. The Build Back Better Act, H.R. 5376

On August 11, 2021, the Senate passed S. Con. Res. 14, a
concurrent resolution setting forth the congressional budget
for fiscal year 2022, by a recorded vote of 50-49 (Record Vote
Number: 357). On August 24, 2021, the House passed S. Con. Res.
14 by a recorded vote of 220-212 (Roll no. 258). On September
9-10 and 14-15, 2021, the Committee on Ways and Means held a
markup of committee prints of Subtitles A-J of Title XIII of
H.R. 5376. On September 15, 2021, the Committee on Ways and
Means voted to transmit the recommendations to the House
Committee on the Budget. On November 19, 2021, H.R. 5376 passed
the House by a recorded vote of 220-213 (Roll no. 385).
The Build Back Better Act, as marked up by the Committee,
includes Medicare drug pricing negotiations, caps out-of-pocket
Medicare Part D spending at $2,000 per year, establishes a $0
copayment for vaccines in Medicare Part D, requires
manufacturers to pay a rebate to Medicare if their prices
increase faster than inflation, creates a dental, vision, and
hearing benefit for Medicare beneficiaries, reauthorizes
funding for elder justice services, invests in nursing home
improvements, permanently extends Affordable Care Act premium
tax credits, provides new health coverage options through
premium tax credits for individuals in the Medicaid ``coverage
gap'', creates a $2,000 caregiver tax credit, and creates a
pathways to practice program to increase physicians in rural
and underserved communities.
The Build Back Better Act, as passed by the House, includes
Medicare drug pricing negotiations, caps out-of-pocket Medicare
Part D spending at $2,000 per year, establishes a $0 copayment
for vaccines in Medicare Part D, requires manufactures to pay a
rebate to Medicare if their prices increase faster than
inflation, includes a hearing benefit for Medicare
beneficiaries, and extends Affordable Care Act premium tax
credits until 2025.

u. The Affordable Insulin Now Act, H.R. 6833

On February 25, 2022, Representative Angie Craig and
Representative Dan Kildee introduced H.R. 6833, the Affordable
Insulin Now Act. On March 31, 2022, the House passed H.R. 6833
by recorded vote of 232-193 (Roll no. 102). On September 29,
2022, the Senate passed H.R. 6833, as amended, by a recorded
vote of 72-25 (Record Vote Number: 351). On September 30, 2022,
the House agreed to the Senate amendment to H.R. 6833 by a
recorded vote of 230-201 (Roll no. 476). On September 30, 2022,
H.R. 6833 was signed by the President and became Public Law no.
117-180. (Notably, H.R. 6833 as signed into law removed the
insulin provisions.)
This bill limits cost-sharing for insulin under private
health insurance and the Medicare prescription drug benefit.
Specifically, the bill caps cost-sharing under private health
insurance for a month's supply of selected insulin products at
$35 or 25 percent of a plan's negotiated price, whichever is
less, beginning in 2023.

v. Restoring Hope for Mental Health and Well-Being Act of 2022, H.R.
7666

On May 6, 2022, Representative Frank Pallone introduced
H.R. 7666, the Restoring Hope for Mental Health Act of 2022. On
June 22, 2022, H.R. 7666 passed the House by a recorded vote of
402-20 (Roll no. 286).
This bill reauthorizes funding through fiscal year 2027 and
modifies programs, grants, and activities that focus on mental
and behavioral health. Additionally, the bill expands access to
opioid and other substance use disorder prevention, treatment,
and recovery support services. For example, the bill (1)
eliminates a provision that generally requires individuals to
be addicted to opioids for at least one year before being
admitted to an opioid treatment program and (2) promotes access
to high-quality recovery housing.

w. To amend title XVIII of the Social Security Act to ensure adequate
coverage of outpatient mental health services under the
Medicare program, H.R. 8878

On September 19, 2022, Representative Judy Chu introduced
H.R. 8878 to amend title XVIII of the Social Security Act to
ensure adequate coverage of outpatient mental health services
under the Medicare program. On September 21, 2022, the
Committee on Ways and Means held a markup of Committee Print
117-1, containing substantially similar language to H.R. 8878,
and ordered it favorably reported by voice vote.
This bill creates a new Medicare benefit category for
intensive outpatient services, filling a gap in mental health
coverage for Medicare beneficiaries with acute mental health
service needs who do not meet the current criteria for
inpatient psychiatric facility coverage.

x. Inpatient Psychiatric Facility Improvement Act, H.R. 8879

On September 19, 2022, Representative Dwight Evans
introduced H.R. 8879, the Inpatient Psychiatric Facility
Improvement Act. On September 21, 2022, the Committee on Ways
and Means held a markup of Committee Print 117-1, containing
substantially similar language to H.R. 8879, and ordered it
favorably reported by voice vote.
This bill includes a series of provisions that will improve
access to inpatient psychiatric care by improving the payment
system and providing additional oversight and transparency of
Medicare inpatient psychiatric facilities.

y. Mental Health Transparency Act, H.R. 8881

On September 19, 2022, Representative Steven Horsford
introduced H.R. 8881, the Mental Health Transparency Act. The
bill amends the Public Health Service Act, the Employee
Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, and the Internal
Revenue Code of 1986 to require group health plans and health
insurance issuers offering group or individual health insurance
coverage to disclose the percentage of in-network participation
for certain provider types, and for other purposes. On
September 21, 2022, the Committee on Ways and Means held a
markup of Committee Print 117-5, containing substantially
similar language to H.R. 8881, and ordered it favorably
reported by voice vote.
This bill improves the transparency of mental health and
substance use disorder treatment provider networks covered
under private insurance plans.

z. To direct the Secretary of Health and Human Services to provide
outreach and reporting on opioid use disorder treatment
services furnished by opioid treatment programs under the
Medicare program, H.R. 8884

On September 19, 2022, Representative Mike Kelly introduced
H.R. 8884, a bill to direct the Secretary of Health and Human
Services to provide outreach and reporting on opioid use
disorder (OUD) treatment services furnished by opioid treatment
programs under the Medicare program. On September 21, 2022, the
Committee on Ways and Means held a markup of Committee Print
117-2, containing substantially similar language to H.R. 8884,
and ordered it favorably reported by voice vote.
This bill directs the Secretary of the Department of Health
and Human Services to conduct educational outreach to Medicare-
participating health care providers to increase awareness and
access to OUD treatment services for Medicare beneficiaries.

aa. Better Health Care Directories Act, H.R. 8885

On September 19, 2022, Representative Daniel Kildee
introduced H.R. 8885, the Better Health Care Directories Act.
On September 21, 2022, the Committee on Ways and Means held a
markup of Committee Print 117-4, containing substantially
similar language to H.R. 8885, and ordered it favorably
reported by voice vote.
This bill improves the usability and accuracy of provider
directories so that consumers can better identify providers
that are accepting new patients.

bb. Promoting Clarity in Mental Health and Substance Use Disorder
Treatment Act, H.R. 8886

On September 19, 2022, Representative Gwen Moore introduced
H.R. 8886, the Promoting Clarity in Mental Health and Substance
Use Disorder Treatment Act. On September 21, 2022, the
Committee on Ways and Means held a markup of Committee Print
117-4, containing substantially similar language to H.R. 8886,
and ordered it favorably reported by voice vote.
This bill amends the Paul Wellstone and Pete Domenici
Mental Health Parity and Addiction Equity Act of 2008 to ensure
that mental health and substance use disorder benefits under
private insurance plans are defined in an objective and uniform
manner pursuant to external benchmarks that are based in
nationally recognized standards.

cc. Readable Insurance Coverage Explanations Act or the ``RICE'' Act,
H.R. 8889

On September 19, 2022, Representative Stacey Plaskett
introduced H.R. 8889, the Readable Insurance Coverage
Explanations Act, or the ``RICE'' Act. On September 21, 2022,
the Committee on Ways and Means held a markup of Committee
Print 117-5, containing substantially similar language to H.R.
8889, and ordered it favorably reported by voice vote.
This bill promotes greater transparency and accountability
by enabling consumers with private insurance to better
understand covered benefits and financial responsibilities
(deductibles, copayments, coinsurance, out-of-pocket expenses).

dd. Physician Wellness Program Act of 2022, H.R. 8890

On September 19, 2022, Representative Raul Ruiz introduced
H.R. 8890, the Physician Wellness Program Act of 2022. On
September 21, 2022, the Committee on Ways and Means held a
markup of Committee Print 117-2, containing substantially
similar language to H.R. 8890, and ordered it favorably
reported by voice vote.
This bill amends the Physician Self-Referral Law (the Stark
Law) and the federal Anti-Kickback Statute (AKS) so that
certain health care organizations can provide wellness programs
and services to medical staff, even if that staff is not
directly employed by the facility.

ee. No Surprises for Survivors Act of 2022, H.R. 8891

On September 19, 2022, Representative Linda Sanchez
introduced H.R. 8891, the No Surprises for Survivors Act of
2022. On September 21, 2022, the Committee on Ways and Means
held a markup of Committee Print 117-3, containing
substantially similar language to H.R. 8891, and ordered it
favorably reported by voice vote.
This bill protects victims of sexual violence with private
insurance from any cost-sharing and surprise medical bills
related to the administration of forensic medical exams (often
referred to as rape kits).

ff. Access to Mental Health Services Act, H.R. 8892

On September 19, 2022, Representative Terri Sewell
introduced H.R. 8892, the Access to Mental Health Services Act.
On September 21, 2022, the Committee on Ways and Means held a
markup of Committee Print 117-4, containing substantially
similar language to H.R. 8892, and ordered it favorably
reported by voice vote.
This bill promotes outreach efforts and analysis regarding
access to mental health and substance use disorder crisis
services under private insurance plans.

gg. Fighting Stimulant and other Substance Use Disorders Act, H.R. 8908

On September 20, 2022, Representative Ron Estes introduced
H.R. 8908, the Fighting Stimulant and other Substance Use
Disorders Act. On September 21, 2022, the Committee on Ways and
Means held a markup of Committee Print 117-2, containing
substantially similar language to H.R. 8908, and ordered it
favorably reported by voice vote.
This bill directs the Inspector General of the Department
of Health and Human Services to conduct a review on whether to
establish a safe harbor under the anti-kickback statute for
evidence-based contingency management incentives and the
parameters for such a safe harbor.

hh. Behavioral Health Integration Awareness Act of 2022, H.R. 8910

On September 20, 2022, Representative Jason Smith
introduced H.R. 8910, the Behavioral Health Integration
Awareness Act of 2022. On September 21, 2022, the Committee on
Ways and Means held a markup of Committee Print 117-2,
containing substantially similar language to H.R. 8910, and
ordered it favorably reported by voice vote.
This bill directs the Secretary of the Department of Health
and Human Services to conduct educational outreach to Medicare-
participating health care providers to increase awareness and
access to behavioral health integration services by Medicare
beneficiaries.

ii. Inquiry directing the Secretary of Health and Human Services to
provide to the House of Representatives certain documents in
the Secretary's possession regarding the reinterpretation of
sections 36B(c)(2)(C)(i)(II) and 5000A(e)(1)(B) of the Internal
Revenue Code of 1986, commonly known as the ``fix to the family
glitch,'' H. Res. 1262.

On July 26, 2022, Representative Vern Buchanan introduced a
resolution of inquiry related to the ``fix of the family
glitch.'' On September 20, 2022, the Committee reported the
resolution of inquiry adversely.

3. OTHER ACTIONS TAKEN

In January 2021, the Committee Majority staff released a
report, Something Must Change: Inequities in U.S. Policy and
Society, examining the relationship between health, economic
equity, and social well-being. This report was accompanied by
policy pillars and priorities to guide the Committee throughout
the 117th Congress entitled, A Bold Vision for a Legislative
Pathway Toward Health and Economic Equity. In March 2021,
Chairman Neal announced the establishment of the Committee's
Racial Equity Initiative co-chaired by Representatives Terri
Sewell, Steven Horsford, and Jimmy Gomez to guide the Committee
and address the role of racism and other forms of
discrimination in perpetuating health and economic inequalities
in the United States. The Racial Equity Initiative then held a
series of roundtables on a variety of topics to help guide and
inform Committee Members, including: discrimination in the tax
code with Professor Dorothy Brown; health justice with Dean
Dayna Bowen-Mathew; environmental justice with Professor Sacoby
Wilson, Attorney Stefanie Tsosie, Attorney Arielle King, and
Mark Magana, President and CEO of GreenLatinos; data
disaggregation with Professors Nancy Lopez, Randall Akee, Ninez
Ponce, economist Rhonda Sharpe, and the Vice President of
Research at PolicyLink Sarah Treahaft; equity messaging with
Professor Ian Haney Lopez; economic opportunities with Wally
Adeyamo, Deputy Secretary of the Treasury; and race and
ethnicity data collection and disaggregation with Lee Slater,
Special Assistant to the President, Chiraag Bains, Deputy
Assistant to the President for Racial Justice and Equity,
Denise Ross, Chief Data Scientist at the Office of Science and
Technology Policy, and Clarence Wardell, Senior Advisor at the
Office of Management and Budget. In July 2021, the Racial
Equity Initiative co-chairs released a memorandum to Chairman
Neal outlining priorities, issues, and recommendations for
Committee consideration related to health, economic, and social
equity.
On October 14, 2021, the Committee Majority staff released
a report, Fact versus Fiction: Clinical Decision Support Tools
and the (Mis)Use of Race. This report was created after an
analysis of responses to a 2020 request for information sent to
health care stakeholders on their incorporation of race in
clinical decision support tools, including clinical algorithms.
On September 15, 2022, the Committee Majority staff
released a report on the U.S. health system and the climate
crisis entitled, Health Care and the Climate Crisis: Preparing
America's Health Care Infrastructure. The report summarizes
responses from Chair Neal's March 2022 request for information
to hospitals, health systems, health care providers, and health
trade associations inquiring about the effect extreme weather
events have had on the delivery of care and any efforts these
respondents have made to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions.
This effort was undertaken to better inform the Committee on
areas to assist the health care industry in an effort to
safeguard the delivery of care. A second request for
information was sent in July 2022 to health care-related group
purchasing organizations to address supply chain emissions.

D. Legislative Review of Worker and Family Support Issues

1. BILLS ENACTED INTO LAW DURING THE 117TH CONGRESS

(a) American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (P.L. 117-2)

On February 24, 2021, Representative John Yarmuth
introduced H.R. 1319, the American Rescue Plan Act. On February
27, 2021, H.R. 1319 passed the House by a recorded vote of 219-
212 (Roll no. 49). On March 6, 2021, H.R. 1319 passed the
Senate by a recorded vote of 50-49 (Record Vote Number: 110).
On March 10, 2021, the House agreed on a motion to concur with
the Senate amendment by a recorded vote of 220-211 (Roll no.
72). On March 11, 2021, H.R. 1319 was signed by the President
and became Public Law No. 117-2.
P.L. 117-2 includes Worker and Family Support pandemic
emergency provisions providing for continued pandemic emergency
unemployment insurance programs, a Temporary Assistance for
Needy Families program (TANF) emergency fund for states to
provide emergency nonrecurrent short term benefits to families,
and funding to address pandemic challenges in the Maternal,
Infant, and Early Childhood Home Visiting program (MIECHV). It
also includes funding for adult protective services and key
elements of the Elder Justice Act. It also made critical
investments in federal child care funding by permanently
authorizing the Child Care Entitlement to States (CCES), while
also increasing the CCES funding level and expanding it to
include all five U.S. territories.

(b) Emergency Repatriation Assistance for Returning Americans Act (P.L.
117-39)

On August 24, 2021, Representative Richard E. Neal and
Representative Danny K. Davis introduced H.R. 5085, the
Emergency Repatriation Assistance for Returning Americans Act.
On August 24, 2021, the House passed H.R. 5085 by unanimous
consent. On August 31, 2021, the Senate passed H.R. 5085 by
unanimous consent. On August 31, 2021, H.R. 5085 was signed by
the President and became Public Law No: 117-39.
P.L. 117-39 increases the cap on Department and Health and
Human Services funding for fiscal years 2021 and 2022 to
provide temporary assistance to U.S. citizens and their
dependents returning from a foreign country due to a crisis.

On September 21, 2021, Representative Rosa DeLauro
introduced H.R. 5305, the Extending Government Funding and
Delivering Emergency Assistance Act. On September 21, 2021, the
House passed H.R. 5305 by a recorded vote of 254-175 (Roll no.
311). On September 30, 2021, the Senate passed H.R. 5305, as
amended, by a recorded vote of 65-35 (Record Vote Number: 397).
On September 30, 2021, the House agreed to the Senate amendment
by a recorded vote of 254 175 (Roll no. 311). On September 30,
2021, H.R. 5305 was signed by the President and became Public
Law No. 117-43.
P.L. 117-43 includes a Worker and Family Support provision
to continue the TANF program through December 3, 2021.

(d) Further Extending Government Funding Act (P.L. 117-70)

On December 2, 2021, Representative Rosa DeLauro introduced
H.R. 6119, the Further Extending Government Funding Act. On
December 2, 2021, the House passed H.R. 6119 by a recorded vote
of 221-212 (Roll no. 399). On December 2, 2021, the Senate
passed H.R. 6119 by a recorded vote of 69-28 (Record Vote
Number: 477). On December 3, 2021, H.R. 6119 was signed by the
President and became Public Law No. 117-70.
P.L. 117-70 continues the provisions of P.L. 117-43,
extending the TANF program through February 18, 2022.

(e) Further Additional Extending Government Funding Act (P.L. 117-86)

On February 7, 2022, Representative Rosa DeLauro introduced
H.R. 6617, the Further Additional Extending Government Funding
Act. On February 8, 2022, the House passed H.R. 6617 by a
recorded vote of 272-162 (Roll no. 39). On February 17, 2022,
the Senate passed H.R. 6617 by a recorded vote of 65-27 (Record
Vote Number: 64). On February 18, 2022, H.R. 6617 was signed by
the President and became Public Law No. 117-86.
P.L. 117-86 continues the provisions of P.L. 117-70,
extending the TANF program through March 11, 2022.

(f) Extension of Continuing Appropriations Act, 2022 (P.L. 117-95)

On March 8, 2022, Representative Rosa DeLauro introduced
H.J. Res. 75, the Extension of Continuing Appropriations Act,
2022. On March 9, 2022, the House passed H.J. Res. 75 by a
voice vote, and on March 10, 2022, the Senate passed H.J. Res.
75 by a voice vote. On March 11, 2022, H.J. Res. 75 was signed
by the President and became Public Law No. 117-95.
P.L. 117-95 continues the provisions of P.L. 117-86,
extending the TANF program through March 15, 2022.

(g) Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2022 (P.L. 117-103)

On April 13, 2021, Representative Hakeem Jeffries
introduced H.R. 2471, the Consolidated Appropriations Act,
2022. On June 29, 2021, the House agreed to suspend the rules
and pass H.R. 2471, as amended. On January 13, 2022, the Senate
passed H.R. 2471, as amended, by a voice vote. The House and
Senate exchanged amended versions. On March 9, 2022, the House
agreed to various Senate amendments by a recorded vote of 361-
69 (Roll No. 65). On March 10, 2022, the Senate agreed to the
House amendment to the Senate amendment to H.R. 2471 by a
recorded vote of 68 31 (Record Vote Number: 78). On March 15,
2022, H.R. 2471 was signed by the President and became Public
Law No. 117-103.
P.L. 117-103 includes a Worker and Family Support provision
to continue the TANF program through the end of fiscal year
2022.

(h) Continuing Appropriations and Ukraine Supplemental Appropriations
Act, 2023 (P.L. 117-180)

On February 25, 2022, Representative Angie Craig introduced
H.R. 6833, Making continuing appropriations for fiscal year
2023, and for other purposes. On March 31, 2022, the House
passed H.R. 6833 by a recorded vote of 232-193 (Roll no. 102).
On September 29, 2022, the Senate passed H.R. 6833, as amended,
by a recorded vote of 72-25 (Record Vote Number: 351). On
September 30, 2022, the House agreed to the Senate amendment by
a recorded vote of 230-201 (Roll no. 476). On September 30,
2022, H.R. 6833 was signed by the President and became Public
Law No. 117-180.
P.L. 117-103 includes several Worker and Family Support
provisions providing continuing funding and authorization for
the TANF program, child welfare services programs (Title IV-B),
and the MIECHV program through December 16, 2022.

(i) Further Continuing Appropriations and Extensions Act, 2023 (P.L.
117-229)

On February 26, 2021, Representative Mikie Sherrill
introduced H.R. 1437, Further Continuing Appropriations and
Extensions Act, 2023. On May 11, 2022, the House agreed to
suspend the rules and pass H.R. 1437 by a recorded vote of 333-
81 (Roll no. 154). On November 17, 2022, the Senate passed H.R.
1437 with an amendment by Unanimous Consent. On December 14,
2022, the House passed H.R. 1437 with an amendment to the
Senate amendment by a recorded vote of 224-201 (Roll no. 523).
On December 15, 2022, the Senate agreed to the House amendment
to the Senate amendment to H.R. 1437 by a recorded vote of 71-
19 (Record Vote Number: 399). On December 16, 2022, H.R. 1437
was signed by the President and became Public Law No. 117-229.
P.L. 117-229 includes several Worker and Family Support
provisions providing continuing funding and authorization for
the TANF program, child welfare services programs (Title IV-B),
and the MIECHV program through December 23, 2022.

(j) Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2023 (P.L. 117-XX)

P.L. 117-XX includes Worker and Family Support provisions
including continuing the TANF program and child welfare
programs funded under Title IV-B through the end of fiscal year
2023, as well as the Jackie Walorski Maternal and Child Home
Visiting Reauthorization Act of 2022, which reauthorizes MIECHV
through fiscal year 2027, gradually increases funding, and
makes policy and programmatic improvements.

2. OTHER PROPOSALS DURING THE 117TH CONGRESS

(a) Violence Against Women Act Reauthorization Act of 2021, H.R. 1620

On March 8, 2021, Representative Sheila Jackson Lee
introduced H.R. 1620, the Violence Against Women
Reauthorization Act of 2021. On March 17, 2021, the bill passed
the House by a recorded vote of 244-172 (Roll no. 86).
H.R. 1620 includes Worker and Family Support provisions
requiring states to treat domestic violence, stalking, and
sexual assault as ``good cause'' for separation from employment
in certain unemployment benefit applications and improves
caseworker training on violence against women in the
Unemployment Compensation and TANF programs.

(b) Build Back Better Act, H.R. 5376

On August 11, 2021, the Senate passed S. Con. Res. 14, a
concurrent resolution setting forth the congressional budget
for fiscal year 2022, by a recorded vote of 50-49 (Record Vote
Number: 357). On August 24, 2021, the House passed S. Con. Res.
14 by a recorded vote of 220-212 (Roll no. 258). On September
9-10 and 14-15, 2021, the Committee on Ways and Means held a
markup of committee prints of Subtitles A-J of Title XIII of
H.R. 5376. On September 15, 2021, the Committee on Ways and
Means voted to transmit the recommendations to the House
Committee on the Budget. On November 19, 2021, H.R. 5376 passed
the House by a recorded vote of 220-213 (Roll no. 385).
The Build Back Better Act, as marked up by the Committee,
includes Worker and Family Support provisions providing 12
weeks of comprehensive paid family and medical leave, child
care worker wage subsidies, a parent information network to
assist in finding child care, and investments in child care
facilities. It also includes reauthorization and expansion of
the Health Profession Opportunity Grant program (HPOG), funding
for the Elder Justice Act, and expansion of Supplemental
Security Income (SSI) to the five U.S. territories.
The Build Back Better Act, as passed by the House, includes
four weeks of comprehensive paid family and medical leave,
Elder Justice Act and HPOG funding, and SSI expansion.

On October 21, 2021, Representative Danny K. Davis and
Representative Jackie Walorski introduced H.R. 5661, the
Continued State Flexibility To Assist Older Foster Youth Act.
On October 27, 2021, the House agreed to suspend the rules and
passed H.R. 5661 by voice vote.
H.R. 5661 continues temporary flexibilities available to
states expending pandemic emergency funding provided for the
John H. Chafee Foster Care Independence program, through the
end of fiscal year 2022. Temporary flexibilities include
lifting the cap on housing support expenditures and allowing
states to serve youth up to age 27.

(d) Frederick Douglass Trafficking Victims Prevention and Protection
Reauthorization Act of 2022, H.R. 6552

On February 1, 2022, Representative Christopher Smith
introduced H.R. 6552, the Frederick Douglass Trafficking
Victims Prevention and Protection Reauthorization Act of 2022.
On July 25, 2022, Chair Neal and Chair Meeks exchanged letters
in which Chair Neal asserted jurisdiction under rule X but
agreed to discharge the bill. On July 26, 2022, the House
agreed to suspend the rules and pass H.R. 6552, as amended, by
a recorded vote of 401 20 (Roll no. 388).
H.R. 6552 includes Worker and Family Support Sense of
Congress language directing the Department of Health and Human
Services to work with state child welfare agencies and the
National Center for Missing and Exploited Children to ensure
swift reporting of missing and abducted foster youth.

(e) The Jackie Walorski Maternal and Child Home Visiting
Reauthorization Act of 2022, H.R. 8876

On September 19, 2022, Representative Danny K. Davis and
Representative Brad Wenstrup introduced H.R. 8876, the Jackie
Walorski Maternal and Child Home Visiting Reauthorization Act
of 2022. On September 21, 2022, the Committee on Ways and Means
held a markup and ordered H.R. 8876, as amended, favorably
reported, by a recorded vote of 41-0. On December 2, 2022, the
House passed H.R. 8876 by a recorded vote of 390-26 (Roll no.
500).
H.R. 8876 reauthorizes the MIECHV program through fiscal
year 2027. It gradually increases funding and makes policy and
programmatic improvements, including a new outcome dashboard, a
statutory funding formula for base and matching funds to states
and territories, an increase in tribal MIECHV funding, and new
investments in the home visiting workforce.

(f) Of inquiry directing the Secretary of Labor to provide to the House
of Representatives certain documents in the Secretary's
possession relating to Unemployment Insurance fraud during the
COVID-19 pandemic., H. Res. 1288

On July 26, 2022, Representative Jackie Walorski and
Representative Kevin Brady introduced H. Res. 1288, Of inquiry
directing the Secretary of Labor to provide to the House of
Representatives certain documents in the Secretary's possession
relating to Unemployment Insurance fraud during the COVID-19
pandemic. On September 20, 2022, the Committee on Ways and
Means reported the resolution of inquiry adversely.

E. Legislative Review of Social Security Issues

1. BILLS ENACTED INTO LAW DURING THE 117TH CONGRESS

(a) A bill to make a technical correction to the ALS Disability
Insurance Access Act of 2019, S. 579 (P.L. 117-3)

On March 3, 2021, Senator Mike Braun introduced S. 579, ``A
bill to make a technical correction to the ALS Disability
Insurance Access Act of 2019.'' On March 3, 2021, the Senate
passed S. 579 by unanimous consent. On March 11, 2021, the
House passed S. 579 by unanimous consent. On March 23, 2021, S.
579 was signed by the President and became Public Law No. 117-
3.
S. 579 modifies the effective date of ALS Disability
Insurance Access Act of 2019, relating to the five-month
waiting period for Social Security Disability Insurance
benefits for individuals with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

(b) Postal Service Reform Act of 2022, H.R. 3076 (P.L. 117-108)

On May 11, 2021, Representative Carolyn Maloney introduced
H.R. 3076, the Postal Service Reform Act of 2021. On February
1, 2022, Chair Neal and Chair Maloney exchanged letters in
which Chair Neal asserted jurisdiction under rule X but agreed
to discharge the bill. On February 8, 2022, H.R. 3076 passed
the House by a recorded vote of 342-92 (Roll no. 38). On March
8, 2022, H.R. 3076 passed the Senate by a recorded vote of 79-
19 (Record Vote Number: 71). On April 6, 2022, H.R. 3076 was
signed by the President and became Public Law No. 117-108.
H.R. 3076 includes provisions relating to Social Security
data exchanges to assist with implementation of the changes
made to Medicare and the Postal Service Health Benefits
Program.

2. OTHER PROPOSALS DURING THE 117TH CONGRESS

(a) Farm Workforce Modernization Act of 2021, H.R. 1603

On March 8, 2021, Representative Zoe Lofgren introduced
H.R. 1603, the Farm Workforce Modernization Act of 2021. On
March 18, 2021, the House passed H.R. 1603 by a recorded vote
of 247-174 (Roll no. 93).
H.R. 1603 includes Social Security-related provisions
regarding the immigration status of noncitizen farmworkers.

(b) Social Security Fairness Act of 2021, H.R. 82

On January 4, 2021, Representative Rodney Davis introduced
H.R. 82, the Social Security Fairness Act of 2021. On July 15,
2022, Rep. Davis filed a motion to place H.R. 82 on the
Consensus Calendar, and on September 20, 2022, it was placed on
the Consensus Calendar. On September 20, 2022, the Committee on
Ways and Means ordered the bill reported without
recommendation.
H.R. 82 repeals two Social Security provisions affecting
the benefits of workers who receive a pension based on earnings
that were not covered by Social Security.

F. Legislative Review of Oversight Issues

1. BILLS ENACTED INTO LAW DURING THE 117TH CONGRESS

(a) Inflation Reduction Act (P.L. 117-169)

On August 16, 2022, the President signed into law the
Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) funding the Internal Revenue
Service (IRS) and improving taxpayer compliance. In general,
funds are provided for IRS taxpayer services ($3,181,500,000),
enforcement ($45,637,400,000), operations support
($25,426,300,000), and business systems modernization
($4,750,700,000) through September 30, 2031. Further, IRA
includes funding for the Treasury Inspector General for Tax
Administration (TIGTA). The Oversight Subcommittee held six
hearings related to IRS operations entitled ``Hearing on Free
Tax Preparation Services During the Pandemic,'' ``Hearing with
the IRS Commissioner on the 2021 Filing Season,'' ``Hearing
with the National Taxpayer Advocate on Challenges Facing
Taxpayers,'' ``Hearing with the IRS Commissioner on the 2022
Filing Season,'' and ``Taxpayer Fairness Across the IRS.'' The
Oversight Subcommittee also held a joint hearing with the
Select Revenue Measures Subcommittee entitled ``Minding the Tax
Gap: Improving Tax Administration for the 21st Century.''

(b) The Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2022 (P.L. 117-103)

On March 15, 2022, the President signed into law the
Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2022, that includes funding
for the Department of the Treasury. The legislation increases
the IRS budget by more than $675 million over FY 2021 enacted
levels. On June 10, 2021, the Select Revenue and Oversight
Subcommittees held a joint hearing on ``Minding the Tax Gap:
Improving Tax Administration for the 21st Century,'' that
focused on fully funding and staffing the IRS examination
program to ensure balanced and fair tax administration.
Further, on March 18, 2021, the Oversight Subcommittee held a
hearing with the IRS Commissioner on the 2021 filing season
that focused on IRS operations including taxpayer service
funding and staffing needs.

2. OTHER PROPOSALS DURING THE 117TH CONGRESS

(a) Inquiry directing the Secretary of the Treasury to provide certain
documents in the Secretary's possession to the House of
Representatives relating to recovery rebates under section
6428B of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, H. Res. 1246

On July 22, 2022, Representative Jason Smith introduced H.
Res. 1246, a resolution of inquiry that directs the Secretary
of the Treasury to transmit to the House of Representatives,
within 14 days after the adoption, certain information about
recovery rebates issued under the Internal Revenue Code Section
6428B. On September 20, 2022, the Committee on Ways and Means
reported the resolution of inquiry adversely.

(b) Inquiry directing the Secretary of the Treasury to provide to the
House of Representatives a copy of the Internal Revenue Service
Small Business/Self Employed Division Decision Memorandum
regarding the decision to destroy approximately 30,000,000
paper information returns around the time of March 2021, and
any other memorandum related to the decision to destroy those
information returns, H. Res. 1283

On July 26, 2022, Representative Tom Rice introduced H.
Res. 1283, a resolution of inquiry that directs the Secretary
of the Treasury to transmit to the House of Representatives,
within 14 days after adoption, a copy of an IRS Small Business/
Self Employed Division Decision Memorandum. On September 20,
2022, the Committee on Ways and Means reported the resolution
of inquiry adversely.

II. OVERSIGHT ACTIVITY REVIEW

A. Oversight Agenda

March 1, 2021.
Hon. Carolyn B. Maloney,
Chair, Committee on Oversight & Reform,
House of Representatives,
2157 Rayburn House Office Building, Washington, DC.

Hon. Zoe Lofgren,
Chair, Committee on House Administration,
House of Representatives,
1309 Longworth House Office Building, Washington, DC.
Dear Chair Maloney and Chair Lofgren: In accordance with
the requirements of clause 2 of rule X of the Rules of the
House of Representatives, the following is the oversight plan
of the Committee on Ways and Means (Committee) for the 117th
Congress. Where applicable, the Committee will continue to
consult and coordinate with other committees in areas of shared
jurisdiction on the below oversight hearings and oversight-
related activities.

Matters under the Committee's Federal Budget Jurisdiction

Economic and Budget Outlook. Oversight hearings
and other activities with various Administration officials to
discuss the President's budget proposals, current economic and
budget conditions, and limits on the public debt.

Matters under the Committee's Tax Jurisdiction

Tax Reform. Hearings and other activities related
to reforming the tax code to create a more equitable tax code
that provides for appropriate tax relief for low- and moderate-
income families.
Priorities of the Department of the Treasury.
Hearings with the Treasury Secretary and other Administration
officials to receive information regarding the Administration's
tax-related priorities for the 117th Congress. Specifically,
hearings to discuss and consider legislative and administrative
proposals contained in the President's fiscal year 2022 and
2023 budgets.
Tax Provisions Contained in COVID-related Public
Laws. Hearings and other activities regarding implementation of
and provisions in public laws designed to address the COVID-19
pandemic, including: the Families First Coronavirus Response
Act, Public Law 116-127; Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic
Security (CARES) Act, Public Law 116-136; Paycheck Protection
Program and Health Care Enhancement Act, Public Law 116-139;
and the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021, Public Law 116-
260.
Infrastructure. Hearings and other activities
related to robust investment in American infrastructure
directed at modernizing how Americans travel, how the American
economy grows, and creating good jobs and meaningful economic
development at the local, state, and federal levels.
Examination of provisions within the Committee's jurisdiction
to create jobs in a green economy and invest in underdeveloped
areas, including bond-financing programs and tax credit
incentives.
Internal Revenue Service (IRS) Operations/
Administration of Tax Laws. Oversight of major IRS programs,
including enforcement, collection, taxpayer services, returns
processing, and information systems. Continue oversight over
major operating areas of the agency to ensure the nation's tax
laws are being administered in a fair and impartial manner,
including implementation of the Taxpayer First Act, Public Law
116-25, and issuance of Economic Impact Payments (EIPs).
Consider analyses and reports provided to Congress by the IRS
National Taxpayer Advocate, Treasury Inspector General for Tax
Administration (TIGTA), and the Government Accountability
Office (GAO). Oversight of IRS funding and staffing levels
needed to provide taxpayer assistance, enforce Federal tax laws
effectively and efficiently, and modernize IRS information
technology systems. Evaluate tax return filing seasons,
including returns processing, availability of taxpayer
services, and the revision and issuance of forms and guidance.
Examine proposals and programs to address the ``tax gap'' and
improve tax law compliance.
Tax-Exempt Organizations. Oversight of Federal tax
laws, regulations, and filing requirements that affect tax-
exempt organizations. Evaluate overall IRS efforts to assist
and monitor tax-exempt organizations, identify areas of non-
compliance, prevent abuse, and ensure timely disclosure to the
public about tax-exempt organization activities and finances.
Tax Code Simplification. Oversight of tax code
complexity, particularly for individuals, with the goal of
legislative or administrative simplification. Review areas
where taxpayers and professional return preparers have
difficulty, including areas where they make the most errors,
and consider solutions. Evaluate simplification of information
returns to assist taxpayers in determining taxable income.
Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC). Oversight of the
refundable Federal income tax credits designed to assist low-
to moderate-income working individuals and families. Evaluate
EITC participation rates and administration of the credit.
Tax Scams and Improper Payments. Oversight of the
latest tax scams and tax fraud activities with a goal of
protecting taxpayers and preventing identity theft, including
oversight of resources available to taxpayers that were victims
of identity theft involving unemployment compensation. Examine
IRS programs designed to identify and remedy identity theft and
tax fraud. Consult and review analyses of GAO and TIGTA on this
subject.
Federal Excise Taxes and Related Trust Funds.
Oversight review of Federal excise taxes, including credits and
refunds, and the trust funds financed by these taxes.
Pensions and Retirement Security. Oversight review
of the financial condition, operations, and governance of the
Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation (PBGC), including the
financial exposure of the PBGC.
Reducing Inequities. Oversight review of the
implementation of Federal tax laws by the IRS to address issues
of Federal tax inequities based on race, color, ethnicity,
religion, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity, disability,
age, or national origin.
Mandatory Audit Program. Oversight of legislative
proposals and tax law related to Presidential and Vice-
Presidential mandatory tax audits.

Matters under the Committee's Health Jurisdiction

Health Reform. Hearings and other activities
related to reform of the health care system to reduce costs,
lower premiums, expand choices, and ensure access to affordable
coverage.
Health Provisions Contained in the COVID-19
Response. Hearings and other activities related to the
implementation of the national response to the COVID-19
pandemic. This oversight includes review of, among other
priorities: inequalities in COVID-19 infections and responses;
the intended effect of funds provided by the Federal government
on helping test, treat, and vaccinate the American people and
helping the economy recover and reopen; and the effect of
COVID-19 in health care settings, including nursing homes.
Health Inequities. Oversight of inequities in
geography, physical environments, clinical care resources and
networks, and health behaviors--along with social, political,
cultural, and economic factors--that influence health and
inequities in health.
Priorities of the Department of Health and Human
Services. Oversight hearings with the Health and Human Services
Secretary to discuss priorities for the 117th Congress and
concerns related to the delivery of health services and payment
under Medicare. Specifically, hearings to discuss and consider
legislative and administrative proposals contained in the
President's fiscal year 2022 budget.
Health Provisions Contained in the Affordable Care
Act (ACA). Hearings and other activities regarding various
health provisions contained in the Patient Protection and
Affordable Care Act, Public Law 111-148, and the Health Care
and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010, Public Law 111-152,
known collectively as the ACA. Oversight and other activities
relating to ACA health provisions, including its changes to the
annual updates to Medicare Fee-For-Service payment rates,
changes to Medicare Advantage's payment rates, benefit changes
to fee-for-service and Medicare Advantage, and the Center for
Medicare and Medicaid Innovation.
Medicare Part A and Part B (Fee-for-Service
Providers). Oversight of Medicare to ensure efficient use of
resources, quality of care, and access to providers for
Medicare beneficiaries. Specific topics include: adequacy and
appropriateness of provider payments, including incentive
payments and implementation of reforms to physician payment
systems; ownership trends; program benefits; patient out-of-
pocket costs; workforce supply; treatment of specific
populations, such as people with disabilities and low-income
beneficiaries; social determinants of health and health
disparities; prescription drug costs; quality improvement
efforts; and waste, fraud, and abuse activities.
Medicare Advantage. Oversight of Medicare
Advantage health plans, including: enrollment; benefit
packages; quality; beneficiary choice; risk adjustment coding
and payment accuracy; and submission of Encounter Data and
health risk assessments.
Medicare Part D (Prescription Drug Plans).
Oversight of the Medicare prescription drug program, including:
costs of and access to prescription drugs; beneficiary premiums
and cost-sharing; the risk sharing structure and reinsurance;
improvements to the low-income subsidy program; impacts of
recently enacted legislation and regulations on the Part D
program; access to retiree prescription drug coverage; and
negotiation in Medicare.
Medicare Trust Fund Stewardship. Oversight of
program changes on the Medicare Trust Funds; premium and copay
levels; provider payments; benefit design; and improvements to
the program's long-term sustainability.
CMS Administration. Oversight of Centers for
Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS), including: issuance of
regulations and their impact on Medicare beneficiaries and
providers; the adequacy and use of CMS' budget and staff;
contracting activities; communications with beneficiaries;
adherence to the Administrative Procedure Act; and general
agency accountability.
Private Health Insurance Coverage. Oversight and
review of private health coverage, including: cost, access, and
subsidies to purchase insurance; benefit design, coverage
options, pooling mechanisms, and employer-sponsored benefits;
group health benefits under the Consolidated Omnibus Budget
Reconciliation Act (COBRA); the Health Coverage Tax Credit
(HCTC); health savings accounts, flexible spending
arrangements, and qualified small employer health reimbursement
arrangements; options to reduce the cost of health coverage,
expand coverage, and address the rate of increase in health
care costs; the impact of the ACA and related regulations on
those with private insurance, the uninsured, employers, the
economy, and state budgets; and adherence to the Administrative
Procedures Act.
Surprise Billing. Oversight of the surprise
billing ban that was included in the Consolidated
Appropriations Act, 2021, Public Law 116-260, to ensure
consumers are protected from paying more than their appropriate
level of cost-sharing based on their insurer's in-network rates
for care and to ensure that the arbitration process is
implemented fairly and in a timely manner.
Prescription Drugs. Oversight of the landscape of
federal policies that can be changed to lower prescription drug
prices and improve domestic manufacturing and supply chains
including tax incentives, payment incentives, misaligned
incentives among various entities in the health system, and
ways to directly lower patient costs, overall costs in health
care, and costs to taxpayers.
Skilled Nursing Facilities. Oversight of the
quality of care delivered to nursing home patients; infection
control and reporting (particularly related to COVID-19);
patient safety; ownership trends; cost transparency; and equity
concerns.

B. Actions Taken and Recommendations Made With Respect to Oversight
Plan

1. SUBCOMMITTEE ON OVERSIGHT

Actions Taken

FULL COMMITTEE HEARING

On April 6, 2022, the Committee received testimony on
``Overcoming Racism to Advance Economic Opportunity'' from: (i)
Camille Busette, Ph.D., Director of the Race, Prosperity, and
Inclusion Initiative, Brookings; (ii) Carmen Rojas, Ph.D.,
President and Chief Executive Officer, Marguerite Casey
Foundation; (iii) Sung Yeon Choimorrow, M.Div., Executive
Director, National Asian Pacific American Women's Forum; (iv)
Daniel E. Dawes, J.D., Executive Director, Satcher Health
Leadership Institute, Morehouse School of Medicine; and (v)
Alfredo Ortiz, M.B.A., President and CEO, Job Creators Network,
affiliated with the American Legislative Exchange Council. The
Committee examined how racial biases have factored into health,
tax, trade, and worker and family support programs and policies
and the resulting significant gaps in income and wealth
accumulation.

OVERSIGHT SUBCOMMITTEE HEARINGS

On February 18, 2021, the Oversight Subcommittee received
testimony on ``Free Tax Preparation Services During the
Pandemic'' from: (i) Rebecca Thompson, Director of Field
Engagement & Taxpayer Opportunity Network, Prosperity Now; (ii)
Lynnette Lee-Villanueva, Vice President, AARP Foundation Tax-
Aide; (iii) Yvonne Zuidema, President & CEO, United Way of
Passaic County; and (iv) Gary Rauschenberger, District
Coordinator, AARP Foundation Tax-Aide of Butler County. The
Subcommittee examined free taxpayer preparation services for
moderate-income and low-income taxpayers, the elderly, limited-
English speaking taxpayers, and the disabled during the
pandemic.
On March 18, 2021, the Oversight Subcommittee received
testimony at the ``Hearing with the IRS Commissioner on the
2021 Filing Season'' from the Honorable Charles P. Rettig,
Commissioner of the Internal Revenue Service (IRS). The
Subcommittee examined the tax return filing season and IRS
operations during the COVID-19 pandemic, including providing
telephone assistance to taxpayers, improving service to diverse
communities, delivering Economic Impact Payments, implementing
business tax relief, providing administrative relief, and
protecting taxpayers and ensuring tax compliance.
On March 25, 2021, the Oversight Subcommittee received
testimony on ``Examining Private Equity's Expanded Role in the
U.S. Healthcare System'' from: (i) Sabrina Howell, Ph.D.,
Assistant Professor of Finance, New York University Stern
School of Business; (ii) Terris King, Sc.D., CEO, King
Enterprise Group, LLC; (iii) Ernest Tosh, J.D., Trial Attorney,
Tosh Law Firm, PLLC; (iv) Milly Silva, Executive Vice
President, 1199 SEIU United Healthcare Workers East; and (v)
Grace Colucci, Voices for Seniors. The Subcommittee examined
how private equity ownership in our health care system affects
patient safety, the growth of private equity activity in health
care from less than $5 billion in 2000 to more than $100
billion in 2019, and the impact of private equity investment in
nursing homes.
On June 10, 2021, the Select Revenue Measures Subcommittee
and the Oversight Subcommittee held a joint hearing and
received testimony on ``Minding the Tax Gap: Improving Tax
Administration for the 21st Century'' from: (i) Mark Mazur,
Deputy Assistant Secretary for Tax Policy, U.S. Department of
the Treasury; (ii) Doug O'Donnell, Deputy Commissioner for
Services and Enforcement, Internal Revenue Service; (iii) Dr.
Janet Holtzblatt, Senior Fellow, Urban-Brookings Tax Policy
Center; (iv) Steven Dean, Professor of Law, Brooklyn Law
School; and (v) Nina Olson, Executive Director, Center for
Taxpayer Rights. The tax gap is the difference between taxes
owed to the government and taxes actually paid (then-estimated
at a net gap of $381 billion for 2011 to 2013). The
Subcommittee examined the size of the tax gap, the components
of the tax gap, the importance of compliance programs and
taxpayer services in reducing the tax gap, and the need for
resources (staffing, funding, and technology) at the IRS to
address the tax gap.
On June 29, 2021, the Oversight Subcommittee received
testimony on ``Expanding Access to Higher Education and the
Promise it Holds'' from: (i) Dr. Marshall Anthony, Jr., Senior
Policy Analyst, Center for American Progress; (ii) Dr. Susan
Whealler Johnston, President and Chief Executive Officer,
National Association of College and University Business
Officers; (iii) Dr. Steven M. Rose, President, Passaic County
Community College; (iv) Dr. Susan M. Dynarski, Professor of
Public Policy, Education, and Economics, University of
Michigan; and (v) Mr. Scott Pulsipher, President, Western
Governors University. The Subcommittee examined access to and
affordability of higher education, the impact of debt on
students, the need for investment in community colleges and
public education institutions, the importance of federal
assistance to colleges and universities during the pandemic,
and the impact of education-related tax incentives.
On July 14, 2021, the Oversight Subcommittee received
testimony on ``Expanding Housing Access to All Americans''
from: (i) Jeff Tucker, Senior Economist, Zillow; (ii) Gerald
Howard, Jr., CEO, National Association of Home Builders; (iii)
Staci Berger, President and CEO, Housing and Community
Development Network of New Jersey; (iv) Lilian Faulhaber,
Professor of Law, Georgetown University; and (iv) John
Persinger, CEO, Erie Downtown Development Corporation. The
Subcommittee examined housing access and affordability in the
United States and related tax incentives.
On November 16, 2021, the Oversight Subcommittee received
testimony on ``The Opportunity Zone Program and Who It Left
Behind'' from: (i) Jessica Lucas-Judy, Director, Strategic
Issues, Government Accountability Office (GAO); (ii) Brett
Theodos, Senior Fellow, Urban Institute; (iii) David Wessel,
Director, Hutchins Center on Fiscal and Monetary Policy &
Senior Fellow, Brookings Institution; and (iv) John Persinger,
CEO, Erie Downtown Development Corporation. The Subcommittee
examined the availability of taxpayer data on Opportunity Zone
investments, IRS plans to ensure taxpayers comply with the tax
laws governing Opportunity Zones, and the need to ensure that
low- and moderate-income communities in urban and rural areas
benefit from Opportunity Zones.
On December 8, 2021, the Oversight Subcommittee received
testimony on ``The Pandora Papers and Hidden Wealth'' from: (i)
Beverly I. Moran, Professor of Law, Emeritia, Vanderbilt Law
School; (ii) Daniel Hemel, Professor, University of Chicago Law
School; (iii) Erica Hanichak, Government Affairs Director, the
Financial Accountability and Corporate Transparency (FACT)
Coalition; and (iv) David R. Burton, Senior Fellow, The
Heritage Foundation. The Subcommittee examined the Pandora
Papers investigation released by the International Consortium
of Investigative Journalists in 2021, reasons for investment of
offshore wealth in the United States, and the role of trusts in
some states in holding and hiding wealth for foreign nationals.
On February 8, 2022, the Oversight Subcommittee received
testimony at the ``Hearing with the National Taxpayer Advocate
on Challenges Facing Taxpayers'' from Erin M. Collins, the
National Taxpayer Advocate, Office of the National Taxpayer
Advocate. The Subcommittee examined the National Taxpayer
Advocate's 2021 Annual Report to the Congress and discussed the
main challenges faced by taxpayers related to return processing
delays, correspondence processing delays, and reaching the IRS
by telephone and obtaining information.
On March 17, 2022, the Oversight Subcommittee received
testimony at the ``Hearing with IRS Commissioner Rettig on the
2022 Filing Season'' from the Honorable Charles P. Rettig,
Commissioner of the IRS. The Subcommittee examined the
unprocessed paper correspondence and returns from 2021, the
level of telephone service, information technology
modernization, the impact of decreased IRS funding on staffing
and tax administration, efforts to improve tax compliance, the
effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on IRS operations, and the IRS
Taxpayer Experience Office.
On May 18, 2022, the Oversight Subcommittee received
testimony on ``Taxpayer Fairness Across IRS'' from Mr. Kenneth
Corbin, Commissioner, Wage and Investment Division and Chief
Taxpayer Experience Officer, Internal Revenue Service and Mr.
James R. McTigue, Jr., Director, Strategic Issues, Government
Accountability Office (GAO). The Subcommittee examined IRS
operations, IRS efforts to ensure equity and fairness as it
works to enhance the taxpayer experience, and GAO's report on
audit trends of individual taxpayers at different income
levels.

OVERSIGHT SUBCOMMITEE ROUNDTABLE

On May 6, 2021, the Oversight Subcommittee held a
roundtable discussion with Nina Olson, Executive Director of
the Center for Taxpayer Rights and Former National Taxpayer
Advocate, to discuss IRS operations.

INVESTIGATIONS

(a) Mandatory Audit Program for Presidential Returns

During the 117th Congress, the Committee considered
legislative proposals and conducted oversight concerning the
IRS's mandatory audit program for the returns of a sitting
President and Vice President. On June 16, 2021, Chair Neal sent
a letter to Secretary of the Treasury Yellen and IRS
Commissioner Rettig requesting the former President's tax
returns and return information under Section 6103 of the
Internal Revenue Code. Treasury received the opinion of the
Department of Justice's Office of Legal Counsel, on July 30,
2022, concluding that the request by the Committee was valid
and the mandatory language in section 6103 required Treasury to
comply with the request.
Further, in this Congress, on December 14, 2021, the U.S.
District Court for the District of Columbia ruled that the
Committee's request for the tax returns and return information
of former President Trump was supported by the valid
legislative purpose of the Committee's study of the
Presidential Audit Program and Congress could seek the record
to inform legislation. On August 9, 2022, the U.S. Court of
Appeals for the District of Columbia affirmed the decision of
the district court in favor of the Committee. On October 27,
2022, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia
denied the former President's petition for rehearing en banc.
The former President filed an emergency application for a stay
with the Supreme Court that was denied on November 22, 2022. On
the same date, the U.S. Court of Appeals issued a formal
mandate. The Chair was granted access to the requested tax
returns and return information, which were subsequently
reviewed by the designated agents of the Chair.
On December 20, 2022, the Committee met in closed Executive
Session to consider confidential materials related to the
investigation into the IRS's mandatory audit program. By a vote
of 24 to 16, the Committee voted to submit those materials to
the U.S. House of Representatives. On December 22, 2022, the
House passed H.R. 9640, the ``Presidential Tax Filings and
Audit Transparency Act of 2022,'' by a vote of 222-201. This
bill codifies the IRS mandatory audit program and makes certain
information related to the program publicly available.
This work also relates to the Committee's ongoing efforts
to increase transparency regarding the tax returns of sitting
Presidents, Vice Presidents, and candidates for those offices.
Specifically, Title X of H.R. 1, the For the People Act of
2021, which passed the House on March 3, 2021, mandates that
the President, the Vice President, and candidates for President
and Vice President must publicly disclose 10 years of their
income tax returns.

(b) Report on Oil and Gas Companies' Response to March 2022 Inquiry

On March 10, 2022, Oversight Subcommittee Chair Pascrell
sent letters to the heads of 11 oil and gas companies concerned
with the impact of Russia's invasion of Ukraine on the global
oil supply and rampant gas price increases. The Chair requested
answers from the companies on their operations or financial
interests in Russia, oil and gas production, executive
profiteering, corporate stock buybacks, and use of certain
federal tax incentives and benefits. Letters were sent to APA
Corporation, BP America, Chevron Corporation, ConocoPhillips,
Devon Energy, Enbridge (U.S.) Inc, Equinor, ExxonMobil
Corporation, Marathon Petroleum, Pioneer Natural Resources
Company, and Royal Dutch Shell PLC.
On August 24, 2022, the Subcommittee Majority staff
released a report with summaries of the responses received from
the oil companies. The report also included background
information provided by the Congressional Research Service on:
(i) oil and gas price effects from Russia's Invasion of
Ukraine; (ii) company activities in the U.S. oil and gas
sector, (iii) U.S. oil production and refining capacity, (iv)
financial highlights of selected oil companies (net debt, cash
flow from operations, dividends paid, and stock repurchases),
(v) federal actions aimed at lowering gas prices, (vi)
congressional actions aimed at lowering gas prices, and (vii)
oil and gas tax provisions. The responses from the oil and gas
companies varied and the staff reported the responses for each
company related to: (i) certain oil and gas tax incentives and
the impact of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, (ii) gas prices. (iii)
stock buybacks and dividend increases, and (iv) renewable
resources.

In follow up to letters sent by Oversight Subcommittee
Chair Pascrell to universities inquiring about aspects of their
athletic programs and tax-exempt missions, the Subcommittee
Majority released a report with summaries of the responses
received from the universities. The report included background
information provided by the Congressional Research Service on
the tax-exempt status of colleges and universities and sections
4960 and 4958 of the Internal Revenue Code.
In connection with this report, Oversight Subcommittee
Chair Pascrell sent letters to the following universities:
Auburn University, Duke University, Louisiana State University,
Michigan State University, Rutgers University, Stanford
University, University of Miami, University of Southern
California, and Villanova University.

(d) IRS Operations

The Oversight Subcommittee continually reviews the
activities and programs of the IRS with respect to the fair and
full administration of the nation's tax laws. The Subcommittee
continues to focus on taxpayer assistance, systems
modernization, and IRS funding and staffing resources.
The Oversight Subcommittee received ongoing updates during
the 117th Congress from TIGTA on: (1) the status of the IRS
backlog of unopened mail, paper returns waiting to be processed
by calendar year, paper and e-filed returns suspended during
processing, amended returns to be processed, and pending
accounts management cases; and (2) IRS hiring and staffing. In
addition, the Subcommittee also received reports from TIGTA on
threat-related incidents involving the IRS (direct threats,
assaults, or attempts against an IRS employee or facility).
To review tax administration matters and issues at the IRS,
the Committee sent the following letters:
February 16, 2021: Committee Democrats wrote to
Treasury Secretary Janet Yellen and IRS Commissioner Charles
Rettig regarding the handling of the Recovery Rebate Credit
when taxpayers have outstanding tax liabilities.
February 19, 2021: Chair Neal and Oversight Chair
Pascrell wrote to IRS Commissioner Rettig regarding the
issuance of erroneous notices to taxpayers and requested that
notices be stopped while the IRS has a backlog of millions of
returns.
February 22, 2021: Chair Neal, Ranking Member
Brady, Oversight Chair Pascrell and Ranking Member Kelly, and
Worker and Family Support Subcommittee Chair Davis and Ranking
Member Walorski wrote to IRS Commissioner Rettig regarding
reports that taxpayer were receiving information returns for
unemployment benefits that they did not apply for or receive.
February 26, 2021: Oversight Chair Pascrell wrote
to IRS Commissioner Rettig requesting information on the IRS
enforcement of the tax laws on high-income individuals to
ensure fair and balanced tax administration.
June 8, 2021: Oversight Chair Pascrell wrote to
IRS Commissioner Rettig regarding a ProPublica news report
related to tax payments of certain taxpayers.
June 10, 2021: Chair Neal wrote to IRS
Commissioner Rettig requesting an update on information that
appeared in a ProPublica news report related to tax payments of
certain taxpayers.
June 24, 2021: Chair Neal wrote to the TIGTA
Inspector General requesting information related to a
ProPublica news report on the tax payments of certain
taxpayers.
October 26, 2021: Oversight Chair Pascrell wrote
to IRS Commissioner Rettig requesting information on the impact
of U.S. Postal Service changes on the IRS.
February 17, 2022: Oversight Chair Pascrell wrote
to Blake Hall, the Chief Executive Officers of ID.me, regarding
its identity verification contract with the IRS.
March 3, 2022: Oversight Chair Pascrell and
Representative DelBene wrote to Treasury Secretary Yellen
regarding Treasury programs related to Russia's invasion of
Ukraine.
March 8, 2022: Oversight Chair Pascrell wrote to
Treasury Secretary Yellen requesting review of the tax laws
applicable to irrevocable grantor trusts.
March 22, 2022: Committee Members, on a bipartisan
basis, wrote to Treasury Secretary Yellen regarding Treasury
programs related to Russia's invasion of Ukraine and the role
of Treasury in Task Force KleptoCapture.
April 19, 2022: Chair Neal wrote to GAO
Comptroller General Eugene Dodaro regarding a review of issues
related to the tax gap.
May 19, 2022: Chair Neal wrote to GAO Comptroller
General Dodaro regarding a review of the IRS private debt
collector program.
July 7, 2022: Chair Neal wrote to TIGTA Inspector
General J. Russell George regarding the selection of returns
for inclusion in the audits conducted as part of IRS's National
Research Program.
August 16, 2022: Oversight Chair Pascrell wrote to
IRS Commissioner Rettig regarding plans for the funding
provided to the agency in the Inflation Reduction Act.
To review Treasury and IRS administration of the tax laws
related to tax-exempt organizations, in addition to the
investigation of college athletics leading to the Report on
Universities' Responses to the Compensation of Athletic
Coaches, the Committee sent the following letters:
January 13, 2021: all Committee Majority Members
wrote to then-Treasury Secretary Steven Mnuchin regarding the
January 6, 2021 attack on the U.S. Capitol and inquired about
the need for Treasury to act upon news reports suggesting that
tax-exempt organizations had a role in the seditious and
destructive activities that took place at the Capitol.
March 3, 2021: Oversight Chair Pascrell wrote to
Treasury Secretary Yellen requesting emergency guidance on the
current laws, rules, and sanctions related to illegal
activities of tax-exempt organizations.
March 3, 2021: Oversight Chair Pascrell wrote to
the TIGTA Inspector General George regarding oversight of the
activities of tax-exempt organizations to ensure that
organizations are not participating in illegal activities.
July 22, 2022: Oversight Chair Pascrell wrote to
IRS Commissioner Rettig regarding IRS's procedures for
reviewing and approving applications for tax-exemption.
To review the 2021 and 2022 tax return filing seasons, in
addition to hearings on the filing season held in March of 2021
and 2022, as well as a hearing with the National Taxpayer
Advocate in February 2022, the Committee sent the following
letters:
February 16, 2021: several Committee Majority
Members wrote to Treasury Secretary Yellen and IRS Commissioner
Rettig regarding the application of the amount of the rebate
recovery credit to outstanding tax liabilities.
February 17, 2021: Chair Neal and Ranking Member
Brady wrote to GAO Comptroller General Dodaro to request a
review IRS's performance during the 2021 filing season.
February 18, 2021: several Committee Majority
members wrote to IRS Commissioner Rettig requesting that the
tax filing season be extended beyond April 15, 2021.
February 18, 2021: several Committee Majority
Members wrote to IRS Commissioner Rettig regarding availability
and access to free tax preparation services during the
pandemic.
February 19, 2021: Chair Neal and Oversight Chair
Pascrell wrote to IRS Commissioner Rettig regarding the IRS's
plans to process returns and improve customer service during
the filing season.
March 30, 2022: Chair Neal and Ranking Member
Brady wrote to GAO Comptroller General Dodaro to request a
review of IRS's performance during the 2022 filing season.
July 12, 2022: Oversight Chair Pascrell and
Ranking Member Rice wrote to the IRS's Electronic Tax Advisory
Committee regarding the scanning and processing of income tax
returns.

(e) Economic Impact Payments and Other Tax Administration Matters
Related to the American Rescue Plan Act

In March 2021, Congress passed the American Rescue Plan Act
of 2021 (ARPA) authorizing the IRS to issue recovery rebate
payments, or economic impact payments (EIPs), to hundreds of
millions of Americans and providing for the advance payment by
the IRS of the child tax credit. Since March, the Oversight
Subcommittee has conducted robust oversight of the IRS's
efforts to issue these payments and resolve constituents'
questions or issues. Importantly, the Oversight Subcommittee
has sought to ensure that the most vulnerable Americans are not
left behind by the IRS's payment efforts. Further, the
Oversight Subcommittee has received updates from TIGTA during
the year on contacts to its hotline related to ARPA fraud.
The Committee sent the following letters requesting
information about the implementation of EIPs and ARPA
provisions:
March 22, 2021: Chair Neal and Subcommittee Chairs
Larson, Davis, and Pascrell wrote to IRS Commissioner Rettig
regarding their concerns with delays in the issuance of
economic impact payments.
March 22, 2021: Chair Neal and Subcommittee Chairs
Larson, Davis, and Pascrell wrote to then-Social Security
Administration Commissioner Andrew Saul regarding their
concerns with delays in the issuance of economic impact
payments.
March 23, 2021: Several Committee Majority Members
wrote to Treasury Secretary Yellen requesting outreach to those
eligible for economic impact payments under the American Rescue
Plan Act.
March 24, 2021: Chair Neal and Oversight Chair
Pascrell wrote to IRS Commissioner Rettig requesting assistance
for taxpayers with respect to the tax treatment of unemployment
compensation.

(f) Opportunity Zones

During the 117th Congress, the Committee conducted
oversight of ``opportunity zones'' created by the TCJA, which
are designated areas in which investors can receive favorable
tax treatment. This was a continuation of oversight in the
prior Congress related to concerns that there are few
guardrails in place to ensure that opportunity zone investments
are benefiting the communities in which they are located. In
addition to an Oversight Subcommittee hearing on November 16,
2022, the Committee sent the following letter:
December 20, 2021: Several Committee Majority
Members wrote to Treasury Secretary Yellen regarding tax policy
issues related to the hearing on ``The Opportunity Zone Program
and Who It Left Behind.''

(g) General Health

The Committee conducted oversight with respect to health
care matters under its jurisdiction during the course of the
117th Congress. With respect to such oversight, the following
letters were sent:
May 27, 2021: Oversight Chair Pascrell wrote a
letter to GAO Comptroller General Dodaro requesting an
examination of the relationship between private equity
investments and subsequent bankruptcies or closures of health
care facilities.
November 12, 2021: Oversight Chair Pascrell wrote
a letter to Federal Trade Commissioner Chairwoman Lina Khan
urging increased oversight of private equity's growth across
the American healthcare sector.
November 17, 2021: Health Subcommittee Chair
Doggett and Oversight Subcommittee Chair Pascrell wrote to
Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services Administrator
Chiquita Brooks-LaSure requesting information on the impact of
U.S. Postal Service changes on the agency.
September 13, 2022: Oversight Subcommittee Chair
Pascrell sent a letter to Health and Human Services Secretary
Xavier Becerra requesting a review of HCA Healthcare.
September 13, 2022: Oversight Subcommittee Chair
Pascrell wrote to Samuel Hazen, the CEO of HCA Healthcare, to
request certain information on staffing, admissions, internal
audit processes, and other data.

(h) General Trade

The Committee sent the following letters as part of its
oversight of general trade matters within its jurisdiction:
November 17, 2021: Trade Subcommittee Chair
Blumenauer and Oversight Subcommittee Chair Pascrell wrote to
Customs and Border Protection Acting Commissioner Troy Miller
regarding the impact of U.S. Postal Service changes on the U.S.
Customs and Border Protection.
On November 5, 2021, Several Committee Majority
members, including the Chairs of the Trade and Oversight
Subcommittees, sent letters to companies that benefit from U.S.
trade programs with Haiti and rely on Haitian employers and
workers to create their products. The Committee was concerned
about the humanitarian crisis in Haiti resulting from political
turmoil and the earthquake. The Committee Members wrote to the
executives at the following companies: Abercrombie & Fitch,
Amazon, Ariat, Augusta Sportswear, Banded Holdings, Blitz
Apparel, Calhoun Sportswear, Calvin Klein, Careismatic,
Carter's, Casper, Champro, Cintas Group, C Life Group, Dick's
Sporting Goods, Disney, Elite Sportswear, Fabletics, Fabrik
Apparel, Fanatics Apparel, Fast Retailing, Fishman & Tobin,
Freeze, Fruit of the Loom, Gap, Gildan Activewear, Global
Brands Group, GOEX, Hanesbrands, Hot Topic, ICAT DE CV, Jockey,
Just Play LLC, Kazoo, Kohl's, Landau Uniforms, Li & Fung, Li &
Fung LF, Lululemon Athletica, Mattel Inc., New Balance
Athletics, Next Level Apparel YS Garments, Nordstrom, Peace
Textile America, PINNACLE, Propper International, PVH Corp.,
Recover Brands, Reebok, Reed Manufacturing Company, Robinson
Manufacturing Company, SanMar Corp., Serta Simmons Bedding,
LLC, Superior Group of Companies, Target Corp., The Children's
Place, Under Armour, Inc., Vald'or Apparel, Inc., VF
Corporation (and the North Face), Walmart, Inc., and Zorrel
International.
January 19, 2022: Chairman Neal, Trade
Subcommittee Chair Blumenauer, and other House Committee Chairs
wrote to Elon Musk, CEO of Tesla, Inc., regarding the company's
interests in China.

(i) Other Matters Under the Committee's Jurisdiction

The Committee has broad oversight jurisdiction and sent the
following letters:
November 3, 2021: Oversight Chair Pascrell wrote
to Acting Social Security Administration Commissioner Kilolo
Kijakazi requesting information on the impact of U.S. Postal
Service changes on the SSA.
February 9, 2022: Oversight Chair Pascrell wrote
to Treasury Secretary Yellen regarding Treasury's matured
unredeemed debt.

2. SUBCOMMITTEE ON TRADE

Trade Negotiations. Fully exercise Congress'
constitutional role and oversight responsibilities regarding
existing and new trade negotiations. Ensure the
Administration's compliance with statutory Congressional
notification, consultation, and transparency requirements for
all trade negotiations, with particular focus on: addressing
long-standing structural and competitively consequential
challenges with China; the European Union (EU); Asia-Pacific;
and other relevant trading partners or topical issues.
Oversight of the Administration's approach for negotiations
with the United Kingdom (UK) following the withdrawal of the
United Kingdom from the European Union. Oversight of the
Administration's approach for negotiations with Kenya, Taiwan,
and countries in the Indo-Pacific and the Americas.
Enforcement. Oversight of enforcement of trade
agreements, including the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement
(USMCA), other bilateral and regional free trade agreements,
and the World Trade Organization (WTO) Agreements, to hold U.S.
trading partners accountable and render commitments secured
from trading partners meaningful. Oversight of the
implementation of the Trade Facilitation and Trade Enforcement
Act of 2015 to ensure that the enforcement tools in the bill
are being fully utilized, particularly with respect to evasion
of trade remedies, forced labor, intellectual property rights
violations, currency policy, and violations of trade
agreements. Particular oversight of enforcement activities
related to China's WTO commitments, as well as continuing
barriers imposed by other countries and economies. Oversight of
the administration of U.S. trade remedy laws, as well as
enforcement related to U.S. intellectual property rights,
import safety, and illegal transshipment.
Implemented Trade Agreements and Agreements in the
Process of Implementation. Oversight of implemented agreements
with Colombia; Panama; Peru; Costa Rica, the Dominican
Republic, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua
(CAFTA DR); Oman; Bahrain; Singapore; Chile; Australia;
Morocco; Jordan; Canada and Mexico (USMCA); and Israel.
Oversight of implemented elements of the agreement with
Korea and provisions of the 2018 renegotiation, the U.S.-Japan
Phase One Trade Agreement, the U.S.-Japan Digital Trade
Agreement, and the U.S.-China Phase One Trade Agreement that
trading partners are still in the process of implementing.
Continued analysis of the impact of these trade agreements for
American workers, manufacturers, businesses, farmers, and
ranchers. Identify provisions of such trade agreements that
should be improved or updated.
Miscellaneous Tariff Bill (MTB). Oversight of the
implementation of the procedures set forth in the American
Manufacturing Competitiveness Act of 2016, including ensuring
that the U.S. International Trade Commission and the Executive
Branch perform their roles within the timeframes set forth in
the bill and maintain an open and transparent process, and
producing a legislative package for consideration by the House.
Impact of Trade on U.S. Job Creation. Oversight of
the impact of trade on U.S. jobs, wages, communities, and
economic growth or displacement, with particular attention to
trade's disparate impact on underprivileged groups, including
disparities based on economic status, race, color, ethnicity,
religion, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity, disability,
age, or national origin.
Equities and Inclusion in Trade. Oversight of the
ways in which all trade policies and programs promote equitable
outcomes and inclusive participation from underserved and
disadvantaged groups in policymaking processes, data collection
and analysis, and accessing benefits. Oversight of trade
disparities based on socioeconomic status, race, color,
ethnicity, religion, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity,
disability, age, or national origin.
Trade Remedies. Oversight and promotion of the
enforcement of the trade remedy laws, in compliance with the
legal and evidentiary requirements established by Congress.
Oversight of implementation of the Enforce and Protect Act of
2015 by U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) to address
trade remedy evasion and ensure CBP's compliance with the law
as written. Support of Administration efforts to defend the use
of the criteria established by Congress to identify non-market
economy countries for the purposes of antidumping cases.
China. Oversight of Administration strategies to
respond to or counteract continued high level of government
intervention in China's economy. Oversight of systemic problems
in U.S.-China trade relations, including issues related to
China's compliance with its commitments and adoption of norms
reflected in the rules of the WTO; labor and environmental
standards; consistent lack of protection and enforcement of
U.S. intellectual property rights; excess production capacity
for steel, aluminum, and many other commodities; indigenous
innovation requirements; use of subsidies to advance industrial
policies; and currency policies. Oversight of enforcement
issues including ensuring that implementation of U.S. trade
remedy laws appropriately accounts for China's state
intervention in its economy.
Preference Programs. Oversight, reform, and
renewal of major U.S. trade preference programs, including the
Generalized System of Preferences, the Caribbean Basin
Initiative, and the African Growth and Opportunity Act that
incentivize more equitable economic outcomes and benefits for
disadvantaged groups.
Labor. Oversight and promotion of Administration
efforts to enforce labor obligations that promote more
equitable outcomes and benefits for workers in U.S. trade
agreements, including the rapid response labor enforcement
mechanism in the USMCA, preference programs, as well as to
implement the ban on imports produced as a result of forced
labor. Continued oversight of U.S. trade agreements under which
a petition has been filed alleging that the country is not
complying with the labor obligations in the agreement,
including Colombia, Peru, Honduras, and the Dominican Republic.
Environment. Oversight and promotion of
Administration efforts to enforce environmental obligations in
U.S. trade agreements, including the U.S.-Mexico Environment
Cooperation and Customs Verification Agreement. Oversight of
efforts to address the impact of climate change through use of
trade tools. Continued oversight of the U.S.-Peru Trade
Promotion Agreement, which provides for specific, additional
obligations to address forestry management and trade in
illegally harvested timber.
Agriculture. Oversight of Administration efforts
to enforce agriculture-related obligations of U.S. trade
agreements and negotiations to remove tariff and unjustified
non-tariff barriers to U.S. agricultural exports. Continued
analysis and assessment of the benefits of agriculture trade to
U.S. farmers, ranchers, workers, rural communities, and
businesses, and the need to increase U.S. agricultural exports.
Particular attention on trade impacts on small and specialty
agriculture producers and those from historically underserved
communities.
Manufacturing. Oversight and promotion of
Administration efforts to enforce provisions relating to and to
remove tariff and non-tariff barriers to U.S. manufacturing,
with particular focus on effectively addressing global excess
production capacity for steel, aluminum, and other commodities.
Continued analysis and assessment of the impact of
manufacturing exports to U.S. manufacturers and their
employees, and the need to increase U.S. manufacturing exports
that also promote jobs and economic opportunities for diverse
and multiracial communities.
Services. Oversight and promotion of
Administration efforts to enforce provisions relating to and to
remove barriers to the U.S. services sector. Analysis and
assessment of the benefits of services to all sectors of the
U.S. economy and the need to increase U.S. exports. Oversight
over ``covered agreement'' insurance negotiations.
Digital Trade and E-commerce. Oversight regarding
trade barriers faced by U.S. workers, manufacturers, service
providers, and the agriculture sector in the area of digital
trade and e-commerce, particularly with respect to data issues
(localization measures and dataflows). Oversight regarding how
to address these issues through enforcement and trade
negotiations.
World Trade Organization (WTO). Oversight of U.S.
goals in the WTO, including reform proposals, negotiations
(including efforts such as the Environmental Goods Agreement,
Trade in Services Agreement, fisheries subsidies, and e-
commerce), the functioning and reform of the dispute settlement
system, and WTO accessions (including consideration of
legislation granting Permanent Normal Trade Relations status
and graduation from the Jackson-Vanik amendment's
requirements). Analysis of the impact of WTO membership for the
United States, including the U.S. experience and record in WTO
dispute settlement, the role of a rules-based system for U.S.
producers, workers, businesses, and consumers, and the cost of
non-compliance or lack of compliance by other WTO members with
WTO rules. Monitor the progress of WTO members in undertaking
the domestic processes necessary to bring the Trade
Facilitation Agreement into force.
Trade Sanctions. Oversight concerning import
sanctions with, among others, Iran, Russia, Cuba, North Korea,
Syria, and Venezuela.
Trade Adjustment Assistance (TAA). Continued
oversight concerning the Trade Adjustment Assistance programs
for workers, firms, communities, and farmers, to monitor the
effectiveness of these programs in providing training and new
jobs for displaced workers and determine the parameters for
effective reform and improvement. Oversight concerning whether
TAA programs effectively reach disproportionately impacted
worker populations or communities where trade-impacted job loss
has occurred.
Priorities of the Office of the United States
Trade Representative (USTR). Oversight over USTR to evaluate
priorities for the 117th Congress and the trade agenda, and to
assure its statutory role with respect to trade policy.
Possible consideration of authorization, at the earliest
opportunity. Oversight over trade advisory committees.
Priorities of U.S. Customs and Border Protection
(CBP). Oversight over CBP and implementation of Customs revenue
functions. Oversight of the implementation of the Enforce and
Protect Act of 2015 to ensure that the new enforcement tools
provided in the bill are being fully utilized by CBP, including
provisions relating to evasion of trade remedy laws and forced
labor.
Priorities of the United States International
Trade Commission (USITC). Oversight over the Commission
concerning overall priorities and operations. Possible
consideration of authorization, at the earliest opportunity.

Actions Taken

FULL COMMITTEE HEARINGS

On May 13, 2021, the Committee received testimony on the
``Biden Administration's 2021 Trade Policy Agenda,'' from
Ambassador Katherine Tai, United States Trade Representative.
On March 30, 2022, the Committee received testimony on the
``Biden Administration's 2022 Trade Policy Agenda,'' from
Ambassador Katherine Tai, United States Trade Representative.
On May 6, 2022, the Committee received testimony on
``Overcoming Racism to Advance Economic Opportunity,'' from (i)
Camille Busette, Ph.D. and Director of the Race, Prosperity,
and Inclusion Initiative at The Brookings Institute; (ii)
Carmen Rojas, Ph.D. and President and Chief Executive Officer
of the Marguerite Casey Foundation; (iii) Sung Yeon Choimorrow,
Executive Director of the National Asian Pacific American
Women's Forum (NAPAWF); (iv) Daniel Dawes, J.D., Executive
Director of the Satcher Health Leadership Institute at
Morehouse School of Medicine; and (v) Alfredo Ortiz, President
and CEO of the Job Creators Network, affiliated with the
American Legislative Exchange Council.
On September 14, 2022, the Committee received testimony on
the ``Future of U.S.-Taiwan Trade,'' from (i) Bonnie Glaser,
Director of the Asia Program of The German Marshall Fund of the
United States; (ii) Mark Wu, the Henry L. Stimson Professor of
Law at Harvard Law School and Faculty Director for the Fairbank
Center for Chinese Studies at Harvard University; (iii) Shawna
Bader-Blau, Executive Director with The Solidarity Center; and
(iv) Russell Boening, President of the Texas Farm Bureau.

SUBCOMMITTEE HEARINGS

On March 4, 2021, the Subcommittee on Trade received
testimony on ``Reauthorizing Trade Adjustment Assistance:
Opportunities for Equitable Access and Modernization,'' from
(i) William Spriggs, Chief Economist for the AFL CIO; (ii)
Shelly Forsberg, TAA Program Manager for the State of Oregon;
(iii) Andrew Stettner, Senior Fellow at The Century Foundation;
(iv) Thomas Otto, former participant in the TAA for Workers
Program; and (v) Mason Bishop, Owner and Principal of WorkED
Consulting LLC and Visiting Fellow at the American Enterprise
Institute.
On April 29, 2021, the Subcommittee on Trade received
testimony on ``Advancing U.S. Economic Competitiveness, Equity,
and Sustainability Through Infrastructure Investments'' from
(i) Honorable Byron W. Brown, Mayor of Buffalo, New York; (ii)
Mario Cordero, Executive Director of the Port of Long Beach,
California; (iii) Mona Hanna-Attisha, MD, MPH, FAAP, and
Founder and Director of the Michigan State University and
Hurley Children's Hospital Pediatric Public Health Initiative;
(iv) Stan Santos, Legislative Chair for Communications Workers
of America's Coastal Valley Council; (v) Fawn R. Sharp,
President of the National Congress of American Indians; (vi)
Nicol Turner-Lee, Ph.D., Director of the Center for Technology
Innovation and Senior Fellow for Governance Studies at the
Brookings Institution; and (vii) Paul Anderson, President/CEO
of the Tampa Bay Port in Florida.
On July 17, 2021, the Subcommittee on Trade received
testimony on ``The Global Challenge of Forced Labor in Supply
Chains: Strengthening Enforcement and Protecting Workers'' from
(i) Neha Misra, Global Lead for Migration and Human Trafficking
at the Solidarity Center; (ii) Jennifer Rosenbaum, Executive
Director, Global Labor Justice-International Labor Rights
Forum; (iii) Charity Ryerson, Executive Director, Corporate
Accountability Lab; (iv) Genevieve LeBaron, Professor of
Politics at the University of Sheffield in the United Kingdom;
and (v) Brian Lowry, Senior Vice President of Innovation,
Regulation, and Trade at the United States Council for
International Business.
On November 17, 2021, the Subcommittee on Trade received
testimony on ``Strengthening the U.S.-Africa Trade and
Investment Relationship'' from (i) Florizelle Liser, President
and Chief Executive Officer of the Corporate Council on Africa;
(ii) Witney Schneidman, Nonresident Fellow with The Brookings
Institution; (iii) Rosa Whitaker, President and Chief Executive
Officer of The Whitaker Group; and (iv) CJ Mahoney, Deputy
General Counsel with Microsoft.
On December 2, 2021, the Subcommittee on Trade received
testimony on ``Supporting Workers, Businesses, and the
Environment in the Face of Unfair Chinese Trade Practices''
from (i) Kimberly Glas, President and CEO of National Council
of Textile Organizations; (ii) Roy Houseman, Legislative
Director of the United Steelworkers; (iii) Dr. Tabitha Mallory,
Affiliate Professor with the Henry M. Jackson School of
International Studies at the University of Washington; and (iv)
Clete Willems, Partner with Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld LLP.
On December 14, 2022, the Subcommittee on Trade received
testimony on ``Promoting Sustainable Environmental Practices
through Trade Policy'' from (i) Alexander von Bismarck,
Executive Director of the Environmental Investigation Agency;
(ii) Roy Houseman, Legislative Director of the United
Steelworkers; (iii) Michele Kuruc, Vice President, Ocean Policy
at World Wildlife Fund; and (iv) Rich Powell, Chief Executive
Officer of ClearPath.

OTHER MATTERS UNDER THE COMMITTEE'S TRADE JURISDICTION:

AFRICA

i. Hearing and other meetings

On October 21, 2021, Trade Subcommittee Chair Earl
Blumenauer, Representative Vern Buchanan, and Representative
Dwight Evans participated in the Congressional Plenary Session
of the 2021 African Growth and Opportunity Act Virtual
Ministerial Meeting.
November 17, 2021, the Subcommittee on Trade received
testimony on ``Strengthening the U.S.-Africa Trade and
Investment Relationship,'' as described above.
Between March 21-25, 2022, Committee on Ways & Means Staff
Director Brandon Casey led a staff delegation to Kenya to
collect information to examine Kenya's utilization of the
African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA) and explore ways to
deepen trade and economic ties with Kenya.
On December 13, 2022, Chair Richard Neal (D-MA), Ranking
Member Kevin Brady (R-TX), Trade Subcommittee Chair Earl
Blumenauer (D-OR), Representative Lloyd Doggett (D-TX),
Representative Dwight Evans (D-PA), Representative Gwen Moore
(D-WI), and Representative Ron Estes (R-KS) participated in the
AGOA Ministerial during the U.S.-Africa Leaders Summit.

ii. Reports

On January 19, 2022, Chair Neal sent a letter to U.S.
International Trade Commission (USITC) Chair Jason E. Kearns,
requesting that the Commission initiate a fact-finding
investigation on AGOA. Specifically, Chair Neal requested an
overview of the AGOA program and its use, including the role
that AGOA has played in regional integration in sub-Saharan
Africa (SSA), as well as the extent to which AGOA has impacted
workers and underserved communities and contributed to economic
development--including job growth and poverty reduction--in SSA
countries. In addition, Chair Neal requested case studies on
the cotton, apparel, chemical, and cocoa industries in sub-
Saharan Africa. On February 16, 2022, the USITC instituted an
investigation, pursuant to Section 332(g) of the Tariff Act of
1930.
On March 16, 2022, USTR sent the Charter and Membership
Balance Plan for the Trade Advisory Committee on Africa (TACA)
to the Committee on Ways and Means.
On June 29, 2022, pursuant to Section 110 of the Trade
Preferences Extension Act of 2015, USTR transmitted the 2022
Biennial Report on the Implementation of the AGOA to the
Committee on Ways and Means. The report covers the two-year
period since the previous report was submitted to the
Committee. The biennial report addresses certain matters set
forth in the statute, including an overview of the trade and
investment relationship between the United States and sub-
Saharan Africa.

THE UNITED STATES-MEXICO-CANADA AGREEMENT (USMCA)

i. Hearings and other meetings

On May 13, 2021, and March 30, 2022, the Committee received
testimony on the ``Biden Administration's Trade Policy Agenda''
that included testimony regarding the USMCA.

ii. Reports

In August 2020, pursuant to the USMCA Implementation Act,
the Forced Labor Enforcement Task Force was required to report
on the timelines established for responding to petitions
submitted to the Commissioner of U.S. Customs and Border
Protection (CBP), a component of the Department of Homeland
Security (DHS), alleging that goods are being imported by or
with child or forced labor to the Committee on Ways and Means.
On July 30, 2021, DHS transmitted the report ``Forced Labor
Enforcement Task Force: Establishing Timelines'' to the
Committee on Ways and Means. On December 17, 2021, DHS
transmitted the first Forced Labor Enforcement Taskforce
(FLETF) report, the second report on February 7, 2022, the
third report on July 27, 2022, and the fourth report on October
4, 2022.
On January 25, 2021, pursuant to section 718 of the USMCA
Implementation Act, USTR and the Department of Labor, as co-
chairs of the Interagency Labor Committee for Monitoring and
Enforcement of the USMCA, transmitted the Interagency Labor
Committee's second report to the Committee on Ways and Means.
On July 1, 2021, pursuant to section 816 of the USMCA
Implementation Act, USTR transmitted the first annual report on
the implementation of the USMCA Environment Chapter to the
Committee on Ways and Means.
On July 7, 2021, pursuant to section 731 of the USMCA
Implementation Act, the Independent Mexico Labor Expert Board
(IMLEB) released its second interim report regarding the
monitoring and evaluation of Mexico's labor reform and its
compliance with USCMA labor obligations.
On July 23, 2021, pursuant to section 718 of the USMCA
Implementation Act, USTR and the Department of Labor, as co-
chairs of the Interagency Labor Committee for Monitoring and
Enforcement of the USMCA, transmitted the Interagency Labor
Committee's third report to the Committee on Ways and Means.
On January 19, 2022, pursuant to section 718 of the USMCA
Implementation Act, USTR and the Department of Labor, as co-
chairs of the Interagency Labor Committee, transmitted the
Interagency Labor Committee's fourth report to the Committee on
Ways and Means.
On June 30, 2022, pursuant to section 202A(g)(1)(B) of the
United States-Canada-Mexico Agreement (USMCA) Implementation
Act (P.L. 116-113), USTR transmitted to Congress the 2022
report on the operation of the USMCA with respect to automotive
goods.
On July 1, 2022, pursuant to section 816 of the USMCA
Implementation Act, USTR transmitted the annual report on the
implementation of USMCA Chapter 24 (Environment Chapter)
enforcement to the Committee on Ways and Means.
On July 18, 2022, pursuant to section 718 of the USMCA
Implementation Act, USTR and the Department of Labor, as co-
chairs of the Interagency Labor Committee for Monitoring and
Enforcement of the USMCA, transmitted the Interagency Labor
Committee's fifth report to the Committee on Ways and Means.

CHINA

i. Legislation

See H.R. 6256 and H.R. 4521 described under Legislative
Activity Review of Trade Issues above.

ii. Hearings and other activities

On May 13, 2021, and March 30, 2022, the Committee received
testimony on the ``Biden Administration's 2022 Trade Policy
Agenda'' as described above.
On December 2, 2021, the Subcommittee on Trade received
testimony on ``Supporting Workers, Businesses, and the
Environment in the Face of Unfair Chinese Trade Practices'' as
described above.

iii. Reports

On January 15, 2021, pursuant to section 421 of the U.S.-
China Relations Act of 2000 (P.L. 106-286), 22 U.S.C. 6951,
USTR transmitted its report on China's WTO Compliance to the
Committee on Ways and Means.
On March 4, 2021, pursuant to Section 5 of the Taiwan
Allies International Protection and Enhancement Initiative
(TAIPEI) Act of 2019 (P.L. 116-135), the Department of State
transmitted a report on strengthening ties with Taiwan.
In January 2022, the USITC transmitted its report on
Foreign Censorship, Part 1: Policies and Practices Affecting
U.S. Businesses (USITC Pub. No. 5244, Inv. No. 332-585), to the
Committee on Ways and Means.
On February 15, 2022, pursuant to section 421 of the U.S.-
China Relations Act of 2000 (P.L. 106-286), 22 U.S.C. 6951,
USTR transmitted its report on China's WTO Compliance to the
Committee on Ways and Means.
On June 17, 2022, pursuant to P.L. 117-78 Section 2(c), the
Department of Homeland Security's Forced Labor Enforcement Task
Force, the Department of Commerce, and the Director of National
Intelligence (DNI) transmitted an enforcement strategy on goods
made with forced labor in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region
of the People's Republic of China.
In July 2022, the USITC transmitted its report on Foreign
Censorship, Part 2: Trade and Economic Effects on U.S.
Businesses (Investigation No. 332-586), to the Committee on
Ways and Means.
Throughout the 117th Congress, USTR transmitted Federal
Register Notices related to tariff exclusions, and a four-year
review of tariff actions (in the Section 301 investigation of
China's Acts, Policies, and Practices Related to Technology
Transfer, Intellectual Property, and Innovation) to the
Committee on Ways and Means.

EUROPE

On May 13, 2021, and March 30, 2022, the Committee received
testimony on the Biden Administration's Trade Policy Agenda.
These hearings included testimony on U.S.-European Union (EU)
and U.S.-United Kingdom trade relations and dialogues,
including the U.S.-EU Trade and Technology Council, U.S.-EU.
Arrangements on Global Steel and Aluminum Excess Capacity and
Carbon Intensity, the Joint U.S.-EU Cooperative Framework for
Large Civil Aircraft, and the U.S.-UK Dialogues on the Future
of Atlantic Trade.
In May 2022, Committee Chair Richard E. Neal led a
bipartisan congressional delegation to Belgium, the United
Kingdom, and Ireland to meet with government officials to
discuss Transatlantic trade relations and implementation of the
Protocol on Ireland and Northern Ireland, part of the EU-UK
Withdrawal Agreement.
From October 1-7, 2022, Chair Neal led a Congressional
delegation to Europe Command and Africa Command in Stuttgart,
Germany and the World Trade Organization (WTO) in Geneva,
Switzerland to meet with government and non-government
officials to discuss bilateral, plurilateral, and multilateral
economic initiatives, including actions related to the Russian
war in Ukraine, as well as discuss U.S. participation in the
WTO and the International Labor Organization.

TRADE ENFORCEMENT PRIORITIES

In January 2021, pursuant to the Trade Act of 1974 as
amended, USTR transmitted the findings of its 2020 Review of
Notorious Markets for Counterfeiting and Piracy to the
Committee on Ways and Means.
On February 2, 2021, the Department of Commerce and USTR
transmitted the Annual Report to Congress on Subsidies
Enforcement, pursuant to 281(f)(4) of the Uruguay Round
Agreements Act.
In March 2021, pursuant to Section 163 of the Trade Act of
1974 as amended (19 U.S.C. 2213), USTR transmitted the 2021
Trade Policy Agenda and the 2020 Annual Report of the President
of the United States on the Trade Agreements Program to the
Committee on Ways and Means.
In March 2021, pursuant to section 1304 of the Omnibus
Trade and Competitiveness Act of 1988 as amended, USTR
transmitted the 2021 National Trade Estimate Report on Foreign
Trade Barriers to the Committee on Ways and Means.
In April 2021, pursuant to the Trade Act of 1974 as
amended, USTR transmitted the 2021 Special 301 Report to the
Committee on Ways and Means.
In April 2021, pursuant to the Omnibus Trade and
Competitiveness Act of 1988, (22 U.S.C. 5305), and Section 701
of the Trade Facilitation and Trade Enforcement Act of 2015,
(19 U.S.C. 4421), the Department of the Treasury transmitted
its report on developments in international economic and
exchange rate policies to the Committee on Ways and Means.
On April 16, 2021, the Department of the Treasury
transmitted its Report to Congress on the Macroeconomic and
Foreign Exchange Policies of Major Trading Partners of the
United States.
In July 2021, pursuant to section 601 of the Trade
Facilitation and Trade Enforcement Act of 2015 (section 310 of
the Trade Act of 1974), USTR transmitted its 2021 Trade
Enforcement Priorities Report to the Committee on Ways and
Means.
In September 2021, in accordance with section 412 of the
Trade and Development Act of 2000, the Department of Labor
submitted a report titled ``2021 Findings on the Worst Forms of
Child Labor'' to Congress.
On October 7, 2021, the Department of Labor and USTR
transmitted the Second Periodic Review of Progress on Issues
Identified in the U.S. Department of Labor's Public Report of
Review of Submission 2016-02 (Colombia) under the United
States-Colombia Trade Promotion Agreement to the Committee on
Ways and Means.
In December 2021, pursuant to the Omnibus Trade and
Competitiveness Act of 1988, (22 U.S.C. 5305), and Section 701
of the Trade Facilitation and Trade Enforcement Act of 2015,
(19 U.S.C. 4421), the Department of the Treasury transmitted
its report on developments in international economic and
exchange rate policies to the Committee on Ways and Means.
On February 1, 2022, the Department of Commerce and USTR
transmitted the Annual Report on Subsidies Enforcement to
Congress pursuant to section 281(f)(4) of the Uruguay Round
Agreements Act.
On February 16, 2022, pursuant to the Trade Act of 1974, as
amended, USTR transmitted the findings of its 2021 Review of
Notorious Markets for Counterfeiting and Piracy to the
Committee on Ways and Means.
On March 1, 2022, pursuant to Section 163 of the Trade Act
of 1974, as amended, (19 U.S.C. 2213), USTR transmitted the
2022 Trade Policy Agenda and the 2021 Annual Report of the
President of the United States on the Trade Agreements Program
to the Committee on Ways and Means.
On March 31, 2022, pursuant to section 1304 of the Omnibus
Trade and Competitiveness Act of 1988, USTR transmitted the
2022 National Trade Estimate Report on Foreign Trade Barriers
to the Committee on Ways and Means.
In April 2022, pursuant to the Trade Act of 1974, as
amended, USTR transmitted the 2020 Special 301 Report to the
Committee on Ways and Means.
On June 10, 2022, pursuant to the Omnibus Trade and
Competitiveness Act of 1988, (22 U.S.C. 5305), and Section 701
of the Trade Facilitation and Trade Enforcement Act of 2015,
(19 U.S.C. 4421), the Department of Treasury transmitted its
report on developments in international economic and exchange
rate policies to the Committee on Ways and Means.
From July 7-9, 2022, Trade Subcommittee Chair Earl
Blumenauer led a Congressional delegation to the Dominican
Republic to investigate reports of forced labor in sugarcane
production and a prior labor complaint under the United States-
Dominican Republic-Central America Free Trade Agreement.
On July 29, 2022, pursuant to Section 601 of the Trade
Facilitation and Trade Enforcement Act of 2015, USTR
transmitted to the Committee its 2022 Trade Enforcement
Priorities Report.
From July 30-September 7, 2022, Staff Director Brandon
Casey led a bipartisan staff delegation to Peru to collect
factual information to better examine the implementation of the
U.S.-Peru Trade Promotion Agreement and explore ways to deepen
trade and economic ties with Peru among other issues.
In September 2022, pursuant to section 7112 of the
Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization Act, the
Department of Labor submitted a report titled ``2022 List of
Goods Produced by Child or Forced Labor'' to Congress.
On September 22, 2022, the Department of Homeland Security
and United States Postal Service transmitted to the Committee
the Joint Strategic Plan on Mandatory Advance Information
pursuant to the provisions set forth in the STOP Act of 2018
(P.L. 115-271).
From October 8-15, 2022, Trade Subcommittee Chair Earl
Blumenauer led a Congressional delegation to Colombia and Chile
to examine the implementation of current U.S. trade agreements
with Colombia and Chile and assess opportunities to strengthen
economic ties that promote labor and environmental standards
On November 30, 2022, pursuant to 5 U.S.C.
Sec. 801(a)(2)(A), the Government Accountability Office
transmitted to the Committee a report on a major rule proposed
by the International Trade Administration entitled ``Procedures
Covering Suspension of Liquidation, Duties and Estimated Duties
in Accord with Presidential Proclamation 10414'' (USITC Pub.
No. B-334620).
On November 30, 2022, in accordance with the Inspector
General Act of 1978, as amended the Department of Treasury
transmitted its Semiannual Inspector General Report for the
six-month period ending September 30, 2022.
In November 2022, pursuant to the Omnibus Trade and
Competitiveness Act of 1988, (22 U.S.C. 5305), and Section 701
of the Trade Facilitation and Trade Enforcement Act of 2015,
(19 U.S.C. 4421), the Department of the Treasury transmitted
its report on developments in international economic and
exchange rate policies to the Committee on Ways and Means.

TRADE REMEDIES

In July 2021, pursuant to Section 809(b) of Title VII of
the Tariff Act of 1930, as amended, the Department of Commerce
transmitted the Administration's Semiannual Softwood Lumber
Subsidies Report to the Committee on Ways and Means.
On December 22, 2021, pursuant to Section 809(b) of Title
VII of the Tariff Act of 1930, as amended, the Department of
Commerce transmitted the Administration's Semiannual Softwood
Lumber Subsidies Report to the Committee on Ways and Means.
In July 2022, pursuant to Section 809(b) of Title VII of
the Tariff Act of 1930, as amended, the Department of Commerce
transmitted the Administration's Semiannual Softwood Lumber
Subsidies Report to the Committee on Ways and Means.
On August 25, 2022, pursuant to Section 3301 of Title III,
Trade, Subtitle D, of the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of
2008 (P.L. No. 110-246), CBP transmitted its report on the
importation of Softwood Lumber Report to Congress.
On December 30, 2022, pursuant to Section 809(b) of Title
VII of the Tariff Act of 1930, as amended, the Department of
Commerce transmitted the Administration's Semiannual Softwood
Lumber Subsidies Report to the Committee on Ways and Means.

OTHER TARIFF ACTIONS TAKEN UNDER SECTION 232 OF THE TRADE EXPANSION ACT
AND SECTION 301 OF THE TRADE ACT

On May 13, 2021, and March 30, 2022, the Committee received
testimony on the ``Biden Administration's Trade Policy Agenda''
as described above. These hearings included testimony on
sections 232 and 301 tariff actions.
On May 5, 2022, the USITC notified Congress it instituted
Investigation No. 332 591, ``Economic Impact of Section 232 and
301 Tariffs on U.S. Industries,'' under section 332(g) of the
Tariff Act of 1930 (19 U.S.C. Sec. 1332(g)), in response to the
explanatory statement accompanying the Consolidated
Appropriations Act, 2022, that was signed into law on March 15,
2022, requesting a report investigating the impact of the
active section 232 and 301 tariffs.
On January 21, 2022, USTR transmitted to Chairman Neal a
written statement of action taken on the recommendations in the
report of the Government Accountability Office entitled ``U.S.-
China Trade: USTR Should Fully Document Internal Procedures for
Making Tariff Exclusion and Extension Decisions'' (GA-21-505)
issued July 28, 2021.

PREFERENCE PROGRAMS

i. Legislation

See H.R. 3975 described under Legislative Activity Review
of Trade Issues above.

ii. Hearings and other activities

On May 13, 2021, and March 30, 2022, the Committee received
testimony on the ``Biden Administration's 2022 Trade Policy
Agenda'' as described above. These hearings included testimony
on U.S. preference programs.
On October 21, 2021, Trade Subcommittee Chair Earl
Blumenauer, Representative Vern Buchanan, and Representative
Dwight Evans, participated in the Congressional Plenary Session
of the 2021 AGOA Forum.
On November 17, 2021, the Subcommittee on Trade received
testimony on ``Strengthening the U.S.-Africa Trade and
Investment Relationship,'' as described above.
On January 19, 2022, Chair Neal sent a letter to USITC
Chair Jason E. Kearns, requesting that the Commission initiate
a fact-finding investigation on AGOA. Specifically, Chair Neal
requested an overview of the AGOA program and its use,
including the role that AGOA has played in regional integration
in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), as well as the extent to which
AGOA has impacted workers and underserved communities, and
contributed to economic development--including job growth and
poverty reduction--in SSA countries. In addition, Chair Neal
requested case studies on the cotton, apparel, chemicals, and
cocoa industries in SSA.
On February 22, 2022, Chair Neal sent a letter to USITC
Chair Jason E. Kearns, requesting that the Commission initiate
a fact-finding investigation on the U.S. trade preference
programs for Haiti. Specifically, Chair Neal requested an
overview of the Haitian Hemispheric Opportunity through
Partnership Encouragement (HOPE) Act of 2006, HOPE II of 2008,
the Haiti Economic Lift Program (HELP) in 2010, as well as the
Caribbean Basin Economic Recovery Act (CBERA) and Caribbean
Basin Initiative (CBI) impact on Haiti's economy and workers.
In addition, Chair Neal requested case studies on apparel,
tropical fruits, and sporting goods, including baseballs,
basketballs, and softballs.
Between March 21-25, 2022, Committee on Ways & Means Staff
Director Brandon Casey led a staff delegation to Kenya to
collect information to examine Kenya's utilization of the
African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA) and explore ways to
deepen trade and economic ties with Kenya.
On December 13, 2022, Chair Richard Neal (D-MA), Ranking
Member Kevin Brady (R-TX), Trade Subcommittee Chair Earl
Blumenauer (D-OR), Representative Lloyd Doggett (D-TX),
Representative Dwight Evans (D-PA), Representative Gwen Moore
(D-WI), and Representative Ron Estes (R-KS) participated in the
AGOA Ministerial during the U.S.-Africa Leaders Summit.

iii. Reports

In February 2021, pursuant to Section 915(e) of the Trade
Facilitation and Trade Enforcement Act of 2015, USTR
transmitted its annual report to Congress on the trade
preferences for Nepal to the Committee on Ways and Means.
On June 18, 2021, pursuant to section 213A(e)(5) of the
Caribbean Basin Economic Recovery Act, as amended by the
Haitian Hemispheric Opportunity through Partnership
Encouragement Act of 2008 (HOPE II), USTR transmitted to
Congress the thirteenth annual report on the implementation of
the Technical Assistance Improvement and Compliance Needs
Assessment and Remediation (TAICNAR) program.
In September 2021, as required by section 215 of the
Caribbean Basin Economic Recovery Act, as amended (19 U.S.C.
2704), the USITC transmitted the Caribbean Basin Economic
Recovery Act: Impact on U.S. Industries and Consumers and on
Beneficiary Countries to the Committee on Ways and Means.
On December 20, 2021, USTR transmitted the 14th annual
report on the Operation of the Caribbean Basin Economic
Recovery Act to the Committee on Ways and Means.
On February 24, 2022, pursuant to Section 915(e) of the
Trade Facilitation and Trade Enforcement Act of 2015, USTR
transmitted its annual report to Congress on trade preferences
for Nepal to the Committee on Ways and Means.
On March 16, 2022, USTR sent the Charter and Membership
Balance Plan for the Trade Advisory Committee on Africa (TACA)
to the Committee on Ways and Means.
On June 17, 2022, pursuant to section 213A(e)(5) of the
Caribbean Basin Economic Recovery Act, as amended by the
Haitian Hemispheric Opportunity through Partnership
Encouragement Act of 2008 (HOPE II), USTR transmitted to
Congress the fourteenth annual report on the implementation of
the Technical Assistance Improvement and Compliance Needs
Assessment and Remediation (TAICNAR) program.
On June 29, 2022, pursuant to Section 110 of the Trade
Preferences Extension Act of 2015, USTR transmitted the 2022
Biennial Report on the Implementation of the AGOA to the
Committee on Ways and Means. The report covers the two-year
period since the previous report was submitted to the
Committee. The biennial report addresses certain matters set
forth in the statute, including an overview of the trade and
investment relationship between the U.S. and sub-Saharan
Africa.
On September 15, 2022, the USITC transmitted the 20th
report on the Andean Trade Preference Act to the Committee on
Ways and Means.
On December 23, 2033, the USITC released a report
concerning the impact of U.S. preference programs on Haiti's
economy and workers, which was requested by the Committee on
Ways and Means.

TRADE ADJUSTMENT ASSISTANCE

The Trade Adjustment Assistance for Workers Program expired
on June 30, 2022.

i. Legislation

On February 4, 2022, the House passed H.R. 4521, the
America COMPETES Act, which includes provisions to authorize
and modify Trade Adjustment Assistance programs.

ii. Hearings

On March 4, 2021, the Subcommittee on Trade received
testimony on ``Reauthorizing Trade Adjustment Assistance:
Opportunities for Equitable Access and Modernization.''

iii. Reports

On April 2, 2021, pursuant to Section 249B(d) of the Trade
Act of 1974, as amended, (19 USC 2323(d), the Department of
Labor transmitted its FY2020 report to the Committee that,
among other things, summarizes data collected by the Department
on the TAA Program.
On April 13, 2022, pursuant to Section 249B(d) of the Trade
Act of 1974, as amended, (19 USC 2323(d), the Department of
Labor transmitted its FY2021 report to the Committee that,
among other things, summarizes data collected by the Department
on the TAA Program.

WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION (WTO)

i. Legislation

See H.R. 4521 described under Legislative Activity Review
of Trade Issues above.

ii. Hearings and other activities

On May 13, 2021, and March 30, 2022, the Committee received
testimony on the ``Biden Administration's 2022 Trade Policy
Agenda'' as described above. These hearings included testimony
on matters relating to the WTO.
On September 23, 2021, Trade Subcommittee Chair Earl
Blumenauer hosted a roundtable with WTO Director-General Dr.
Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala to discuss matters relating to the WTO.
From June 12-18, 2022, Chief Trade Counsel and Trade Staff
Director Alexandra Whittaker led a bipartisan staff delegation
to the WTO Ministerial Conference in Geneva, Switzerland.
From October 4-7, 2022, Chair Neal led a Congressional
delegation to the WTO in Geneva, Switzerland as described in
the Europe section above.

iii. Reports

On January 15, 2021, pursuant to section 201(a) of the
Russia and Moldova Jackson-Vanik Repeal and Sergei Magnitsky
Rule of Law Accountability Act of 2012 (P.L. 112-208), USTR
transmitted a report on Russia's WTO Compliance to the
Committee on Ways and Means.
On January 15, 2021, pursuant to section 421 of the U.S.-
China Relations Act of 2000 (P.L. 106-286), 22 U.S.C. 6951, the
USTR transmitted its report on China's WTO Compliance to the
Committee on Ways and Means.
On December 20, 2021, pursuant to Section 201 of the Russia
and Moldova Jackson-Vanik Repeal and Sergei Magnitsky Rule of
Law Accountability Act of 2012 (P.L. 112-208), USTR transmitted
a report to Congress on Russia's WTO Compliance.
On February 15, 2022, pursuant to section 421 of the U.S.-
China Relations Act of 2000 (P.L. 106-286), 22 U.S.C. 6951, the
USTR transmitted its report on China's WTO Compliance to the
Committee on Ways and Means.
In February 2022, pursuant to section 421 of the U.S.-China
Relations Act of 2000 (P.L. 106-286), (22 U.S.C. 6951), USTR
transmitted a report on China's WTO Compliance to the Committee
on Ways and Means.
On December 20, 2022, pursuant to Section 201 of the Russia
and Moldova Jackson-Vanik Repeal and Sergei Magnitsky Rule of
Law Accountability Act of 2012 (P.L. 112-208), USTR transmitted
its 2022 report to Congress on Russia's WTO Compliance.

AGRICULTURE

On May 13, 2021, and March 30, 2022, the Committee received
testimony on the Biden Administration's Trade Policy Agenda.
These hearings included testimony on matters related to
agricultural trade issues.

MISCELLANEOUS TARIFF BILL (MTB)

H.R. 4521, the America COMPETES Act of 2022, passed by the
House on February 4, 2022, provides temporary duty suspensions
or reductions for eligible imported products through December
31, 2023 and extends the American Manufacturing Competitiveness
Act of 2016 for two future MTB cycles (one in 2022 and one in
2025).

TRADE SANCTIONS

i. Legislation

See Ending Importation of Russian Oil Act, 2022 (P.L. 117-
109) and Suspending Normal Trade Relations with Russia and
Belarus Act (P.L. 117-110) described under Legislative Activity
Review of Trade Issues above.

a. Iran

On February 14, 2022, pursuant to Section 109 of the
Countering America's Adversaries Through Sanctions Act (CAATSA)
(P.L. 115-44), the Department of State transmitted a report on
the coordination of Iran-related sanctions between the United
States and the European Union.
On May 27, 2022, pursuant to Section 105(A)-(B) of the
Comprehensive Iran Sanctions, Accountability, and Divestment
Act of 2010 (P.L. 111-95), as amended by the Iran Threat
Reduction and Syria Human Rights Act of 2012 (P.L. 112-158),
the Department of State transmitted a report on persons
responsible for or complicit in certain human rights abuses in
Iran.
On October 11, 2022, pursuant to Section 110 of the
Comprehensive Iran Sanctions, Accountability, and Divestment
Act of 2010 (P.L. 111-195), the Department of State transmitted
a report on investments in the energy sector in Iran to the
Committee on Ways and Means.
On October 20, 2022, pursuant to section 506 of the Iran
Threat Reduction and Syria Human Rights Act of 2012 (P.L. 112-
158), the Department of State transmitted a report identifying
the international organizations and entities of which Iran is a
member, and that received contributions from the United States
in FY2021.
On November 8, 2022, pursuant to Sections 301 and 302 of
the Iran Threat Reduction and Human Rights Act of 2012, the
Department of Treasury transmitted a report regarding the
identification of, and imposition of sanctions with respect to
officials, agents, and affiliates of Iran's Islamic
Revolutionary Guard Corps and foreign persons identified since
April 18, 2018, as providing support and services or engaging
in a significant transaction with a person subject to financial
sanctions.
On November 17, 2022, pursuant to Section 10(a) of the Iran
Sanctions Act of 1996 (P.L. 104-172), the Department of State
transmitted a report on Iran-Related Multilateral Sanctions
Regime Efforts.

b. North Korea

On December 1, 2022, pursuant to Section 317 of the
Countering America's Adversaries Through Sanctions Act of 2017
(P.L. 115-44), the Department of State transmitted a report on
the implementation of United Nations Security Council
resolutions by other governments, in relation to North Korea.

c. Other

On April 16, 2021, the Department of Treasury transmitted
to the Committee on Ways and Means, on behalf of the Secretary
of the Treasury and in accordance with the Federal Advisory
Committee Act, Public Law 92-463 a renewal charter for Advisory
Committee on Risk-Sharing Mechanisms.
On May 26, 2021, the Government Accountability Office
transmitted to Congress a draft report entitled Conflict
Minerals: 2020 Company SEC Filings on Mineral Sources Were
Similar to Those from Prior Years (GAO-21-531), the annual
review of Congo conflict minerals conducted under Section 1502
of Dodd-Frank.
On September 8, 2021, pursuant to Section 304 of P.L. 102-
138, as amended by P.L. 103-236 (22 USC Sec. 2656g), the
Department of Treasury transmitted a report on the nature and
extent of assets held in the U.S. by terrorism-supporting
countries and organizations engaged in international terrorism.
On August 1, 2022, pursuant to Sections 5 and 12 of the
Clean Diamond Act, the Department of State transmitted a report
describing the 2021 performance of the U.S. Kimberley Process
Authority and the rough diamond export control measures of
countries participating in the Kimberley Process Certification
Scheme that exported rough diamonds to the United States in
2021, respectively.
On September 14, 2022, in response to concerns expressed
about peace and security in the Democratic Republic of the
Congo (DRC) in the 2010 Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and
Consumer Protection Act, the Government Accountability Office
transmitted a report describing the how companies responded to
the SEC conflict minerals disclosure rule when filing in 2021
and any progress made toward achieving improved peace and
security.
On October 21, 2022, the Department of State transmitted to
the Committee documentation providing a detailed description of
the credible evidence supporting the change in tier ranking of
those countries listed as Tier 3 in the 2018 Trafficking in
Persons Report and subsequently listed as Tier 2 Watch List in
the 2019 Report, pursuant to Section 106(b)(6) of TPA, as
amended.

PRIORITIES OF THE OFFICE OF THE UNITED STATES TRADE REPRESENTATIVE

In May 2021, USTR transmitted to the Committee its Budget
Request for FY2022.
On April 1, 2022, USTR transmitted to the Committee its
Budget Request for FY2023.

PRIORITIES OF CUSTOMS AND BORDER PROTECTION

In August 2021, Customs and Border Protection transmitted
to the Committee its annual report regarding Antidumping and
Countervailing Duty Enforcement Actions and Compliance
Initiatives: FY 2020.

OTHER U.S. TRADE POLICY PRIORITIES

On January 19, 2021, the Department of Commerce Bureau of
Industry and Security submitted its annual report for FY20.
On January 25, 2021, the USITC transmitted to Chairman Neal
a copy of its report following Investigation No. 332 574,
Renewable Electricity: Potential Economic Effects of Increased
Commitments in Massachusetts, conducted under section 332(g) of
the Tariff Act of 1930 (19 U.S.C. Sec. 1332(g)).
On August 3, 2021, pursuant to Section 16 of the Foreign-
Trade Zones Act, as amended, the Department of Commerce
submitted to the Committee its annual report for the year 2020
on Foreign-Trade Zone operations and the activities of the
Foreign-Trade Zones Board.
On September 7, 2021, pursuant to Section 163(c) of the
Trade Act of 1974 (19 U.S.C. Sec. 2213(c), the USITC
transmitted to the Committee its 72nd report on ``The Year in
Trade 2020: Operation of the Trade Agreements Program.''
On December 13, 2021, the USITC transmitted to the
Committee the Commission's 21st Century Integrated Digital
Experience Act (21st Century IDEA) submission, which describes
the websites and digital services that the public views or
utilizes most frequently or that are otherwise important for
public engagement.
On March 1, 2022, the USITC transmitted its Fiscal Year
2021 Annual Federal Information Security Modernization Act of
2014 (FISMA) Submission to the Committee.
On May 23, 2022, in accordance with the Inspector General
Act of 1978, as amended, the USITC transmitted its Semiannual
Inspector General Report for the six-month period ending March
31, 2022.
On June 30, 2022, pursuant to Section 307(b) of the Asia
Reassurance Initiative Act of 2018 (P.L. 115-409), the
Department of State transmitted a report to Congress on the
Lower Mekong Initiative from January 2021 through April 2022.
On August 23, 2022, pursuant to Section 16 of the Foreign-
Trade Zones Act, as amended, the Department of Commerce
submitted to the Committee its annual report for the year 2021
on Foreign-Trade Zone operations and the activities of the
Foreign-Trade Zones Board.
From September 7-10, Trade Counsel Jorge Rueda led a staff
delegation to Los Angeles, California to consult with the U.S.
executive branch officials and foreign government officials
during an Indo-Pacific Economic Framework negotiation round.
From November 13-18, Trade Counsel Kelly Fay Rodriguez led
a bipartisan staff delegation to Bangkok, Thailand to
participate in the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC)
Annual Economic Leaders' Meeting.
On November 14, 2022, the USITC transmitted to the
Committee a report on the ``Distributional Effects of Goods and
Services Trade and Trade Policy on U.S. Workers'' in response
to U.S. Trade Representative Katherine Tai's letter requesting
that the Commission conduct a two-part investigation on the
matter.
On November 15, 2022, the USITC transmitted its FY 2022
Agency Financial Report to the Committee.
From December 9-16, 2022, International Trade Policy
Advisor David Giordano led a staff delegation to Brisbane,
Australia to consult with the U.S. executive branch officials,
foreign government officials, and stakeholders during an Indo-
Pacific Economic Framework negotiation round.
On December 20, 2022, the USITC transmitted to the
Committee the Commission's 21st Century Integrated Digital
Experience Act (21st Century IDEA) submission, which describes
the websites and digital services that the public views or
utilizes most frequently or that are otherwise important for
public engagement.

3. SUBCOMMITTEE ON SELECT REVENUE MEASURES

Matters under the Committee's Federal Budget Jurisdiction

Matters under the Committee's Tax Jurisdiction

Tax Reform. Hearings and other activities related
to comprehensive reform of the tax code to create a fairer,
simpler tax code built for growth. Discuss and consider
appropriate tax relief for families and individuals and
employers of all sizes.
Priorities of the Department of the Treasury.
Hearings with the Treasury Secretary and other Administration
officials to receive information regarding the Administration's
tax-related priorities for the 117th Congress. Specifically,
discuss and consider legislative and administrative proposals
contained in the President's fiscal year 2022 and 2023 budgets.
Infrastructure. Hearings and other activities
related to robust investment in American infrastructure
directed at modernizing how Americans travel, how the American
economy grows, and creating good jobs and meaningful economic
development at the local, state, and federal levels.
Examination of provisions within the Committee's jurisdiction
to invest in underdeveloped areas, including bond-financing
programs and tax credit incentives.
Climate. Hearings and other activities relating to
how tax provisions can reduce emissions to meet international
climate reduction goals, lower energy and fuel costs for
consumers, promote good-paying jobs, and reinvest in
underserved communities.
Internal Revenue Service Operations/Administration
of Tax Laws. Oversight of the major Internal Revenue Service
programs, including enforcement, collection, taxpayer services,
returns processing, and information systems. Continue oversight
over major operating areas of the agency to ensure the nation's
tax laws are being administered in a fair and impartial manner.
Consider analyses and reports provided to the Congress by the
IRS National Taxpayer Advocate, Treasury Inspector General for
Tax Administration (TIGTA), and the Government Accountability
Office (GAO). Oversight of IRS funding and staffing levels
needed to provide taxpayer assistance, enforce the tax law
effectively and efficiently, and to modernize the IRS
information technology systems. Evaluate tax return filing
seasons, including returns processing, availability of taxpayer
services, and the revision of forms and issuance of guidance.
Examine proposals and programs to address the ``tax gap'' and
improve tax law compliance. Discuss proposed funding and
staffing levels for the IRS, and legislative proposals and
administrative proposals contained in the President's fiscal
year 2022 and 2023 budgets.
Tax-Exempt Organizations. Oversight of Federal tax
laws, regulations, and filing requirements that affect tax-
exempt organizations, including new requirements under the Act.
Evaluate overall IRS efforts to provide assistance to and
monitor tax-exempt organizations, identify areas of
noncompliance, prevent abuse, and ensure timely disclosure to
the public about tax-exempt organization activities and
finances.
Tax Code Simplificatjon. Oversight of tax code
complexity, particularly for individuals, with the goal of
legislative or administrative simplification. Review areas
where taxpayers and professional return preparers have
difficulty, including areas where they make the most errors,
and consider solutions. Evaluate simplification of information
returns to assist taxpayers in determining taxable income.
Direct Payment Programs. Oversight of the IRS
administration of tax code provisions requiring direct payments
to individuais, such as the Economic Impact Payments under
Internal Revenue Code sections 6428, 6428A, and 6428B, and the
advance Child Tax Credit payments under Internal Revenue Code
7527A.
Refundable Income Tax Credits. Oversight of the
refundable federal income tax credits designed to assist low to
moderate-income working individuals and families, such as the
Child Tax Credit, Earned Income Tax Credit, and the Child and
Dependent Care Tax Credit. Evaluate participation rates and
administration of the credit.
Tax Scams and Improper Payments. Oversight of the
latest tax scams and tax fraud activities with a goal of
protecting taxpayers and preventing identity theft. Examine IRS
programs designed to identify and remedy identity theft and tax
fraud. Consult and review analyses of GAO and TIGTA on this
subject.
Federal Excise Taxes and Related Trust Funds.
Oversight review of Federal excise taxes, including credits and
refunds, and the trust funds manced by these taxes.
Pensions and Retirement Security. Oversight review
of the financial condition, operations, and governance of the
Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation (PBGC), including the
financial exposure the PBGC.
Tax Returns. Oversight of legislative proposals
and tax law related to Presidential and Vice-Presidential tax
returns.

Actions Taken

FULL COMMITTEE HEARINGS

On March 23, 2021, the Committee received testimony from
Members of Congress focused on various tax measures, including
the State and Local Tax deduction, the Child Tax Credit and
Earned Income Tax Credit, investment tax credits, and green
energy tax credits. Members offering testimony were: (i)
Representative Ryan of Ohio; (ii) Representative Sherill of New
Jersey; (iii) Representative Norton of the District of
Columbia; (iv) Representative Frankel of Florida; (v)
Representative Phillips of Minnesota; Representative Malinowski
of New Jersey; (vi) Representative Langevin of Rhode Island;
(vii) Representative Sablan of the Northern Mariana Islands;
(viii) Representative Gottheimer of New Jersey; (ix)
Representative Craig of Minnesota; (x) Representative Brownley
of California; (xi) Representative Peters of California; (xii)
Representative Schrader of Oregon; (xiii) Representative Beatty
of Ohio; (xiv) Representative Titus of Nevada; (xv)
Representative Barragan of California; (xvi) Representative
Bass of California; (xvii) Representative Deutch of Florida;
(xviii) Representative Porter of California; and (xix)
Representative Underwood of Illinois.
On May 19, 2021, the Committee received testimony on
``Leveraging the Tax Code for Infrastructure Investment'' from:
(i) Dr. Khalil Shahyd, Senior Policy Advisor, National Resource
Defense Council; (ii) Michael J. Novogradac, Managing Partner,
Novogradac; (iii) The Honorable Rachael Eubanks, Treasurer,
State of Michigan; (iv) The Honorable Stephen R. Lewis,
Governor, Gila River Indian Community; and (v) Dr. Adrian
Moore, Vice President of Policy, Reason Foundation.
On June 17, 2021, the Committee received testimony on the
President's fiscal year 2022 budget proposal from the Honorable
Janet Yellen, Secretary of the U.S. Department of the Treasury.
On April 6, 2022, the Committee received testimony on
``Overcoming Racism to Advance Economic Opportunity'' from: (i)
Camille Busette, Ph.D., Director of the Race, Prosperity, and
Inclusion Initiative, Brookings; (ii) Carmen Rojas, Ph.D.,
President and Chief Executive Officer, Marguerite Casey
Foundation; (iii) Sung Yeon Choimorrow, M.Div., Executive
Director, National Asian Pacific American Women's Forum; (iv)
Daniel E. Dawes, J.D., Executive Director, Satcher Health
Leadership Institute, Morehouse School of Medicine; and (v)
Alfredo Ortiz, M.B.A., President and CEO, Job Creators Network,
affiliated with the American Legislative Exchange Council.
On June 8, 2022, the Committee received testimony on the
President's fiscal year 2023 budget proposal from the Honorable
Janet Yellen, Secretary, U.S. Department of the Treasury.
On July 13, 2022, the Committee received testimony on
``Nowhere to Live: Profits, Disinvestment, and the American
Housing Crisis'' from: (i) Dr. Elora Lee Raymond, Urban Planner
and Assistant Professor in the School of City and Regional
Planning in the College of Design at Georgia Tech; (ii) Dr.
Akilah Watkins, President and Chief Executive Officer for the
Center for Community Progress; (iii) Dr. Christopher Herbert,
Managing Director, Joint Center for Housing Studies of Harvard
University; (iv) Audra Hamernik, President and CEO of Nevada
HAND in Las Vegas, NV; and (v) Edward J. Pinto, Senior Fellow
and Director of the American Enterprise Institute Housing
Center.

SUBCOMMITTEE HEARINGS:

On March 11, 2021, the Subcommittee on Select Revenue
Measures received testimony on ``Tax Tools to Help Local
Governments'' from: (i) the Honorable Stephen K. Benjamin,
Mayor, Columbia, South Carolina; (ii) the Honorable Kevin
Boyce, Franklin County of Commissioners, Chair of the Finance,
Pensions and Intergovernmental Affairs Steering Committee,
National Association of Counties; (iii) Elizabeth Reich, Chief
Financial Officer, City of Dallas; (iv) Randy Howard, General
Manager, Northern California Power Agency; and (v) Michael
Hendrix, Director of State and Local Policy at Manhattan
Institute.
On May 12, 2021, the Subcommittee on Select Revenue
Measures received testimony on ``Funding our Nation's
Priorities: Reforming the Tax Code's Advantageous Treatment of
the Wealthy'' from: (i) Adam Looney, Professor, Executive
Director of the Marriner S. Eccles Institute for Economics and
Quantitative Analysis, University of Utah; (ii) Jason Oh, Tax
Law Professor, University of California Los Angeles School of
Law; (iii) Harry L. ``Hank'' Gutman, Chief of Staff (Retired),
Joint Committee on Taxation; (iv) Chye-Ching Huang, Executive
Director, New York University Tax Law Center; and (v) Chris
Edwards, Director of Tax Policy Studies, Cato Institute.
On June 10, 2021, the Subcommittee on Select Revenue
Measures and the Subcommittee on Oversight received testimony
on ``Minding the Tax Gap: Improving Tax Administration for the
21st Century'' from: (i) Mark Mazur, Deputy Assistant Secretary
for Tax Policy, U.S. Department of Treasury; (ii) Doug
O'Donnell, Deputy Commissioner for Services and Enforcement,
Internal Revenue Service; (iii) Dr. Janet Holtzblatt, Senior
Fellow, Urban-Brookings Tax Policy Center; (iv) Steven Dean,
Professor of Law, Brooklyn Law School; and (v) Nina Olson,
Executive Director, Center for Taxpayer Rights.
On February 15, 2022, the Subcommittee on Select Revenue
Measures received testimony on ``Examining the Economic Impact
of Federal Infrastructure Investment'' from: (i) Dr. Shawn
Wilson, Secretary, Louisiana Department of Transportation and
Development; (ii) Victoria Sheehan, Commissioner, New Hampshire
Department of Transportation; (iii) Joung Lee, Deputy Director
and Chief Policy Officer, American Association of State Highway
and Transportation Officials; (iv) Mona Hanna-Attisha, MD, MPH,
FAAP, Michigan State University; and (v) Mark McClymonds,
President, McClymonds Supply & Transit Co., Inc.

4. SUBCOMMITTEE ON WORKER AND FAMILY SUPPORT

Family and Medical Leave. Review proposals in the
Committee's jurisdiction to provide paid family and medical
leave to workers in order to improve economic and family
outcomes.
Child Care and Home Visiting. Provide oversight of
existing child care and home visiting programs within the
Committee's jurisdiction and consider proposals to improve
access for families and improve program administration to
improve child and parent outcomes.
Unemployment Compensation. Provide oversight of
the nation's unemployment compensation benefits and financing
systems, including temporary programs enacted during the
pandemic to ensure that workers have equitable access to earned
benefits and receive them timely, prevent fraud, and ensure
that the system is prepared for future recessions.
Child Welfare. Provide oversight of the nation's
child welfare programs, including foster care, adoption
assistance, and child and family service programs under Titles
IV-B and IV-E of the Social Security Act. Review state efforts
to promote adoption, provide prevention services, decrease the
inappropriate use of congregate care settings, strengthen
family connections, and successfully address the health and
educational needs of foster children.
Work Support. Review proposals designed to better
support low-income families in working and increasing their
earnings so they can escape poverty, including programs and
policies that help parents qualify for, obtain, and retain good
jobs.

OVERSIGHT ACTIVITY REVIEW

Foster Care Nondiscrimination Requirements

During the 116th Congress, the Committee began an
investigation into state-sanctioned discrimination by foster
care and adoption contractors. In October 2019, Worker and
Family Support Subcommittee Chair Danny K. Davis and Oversight
Subcommittee Chair John Lewis requested the Government
Accountability Office (GAO) conduct a study of state policies
and requirements regarding discrimination against children and
prospective parents in child welfare, foster care, and
adoption. A Committee report summarizing findings was published
on August 19, 2020. As a continuation of this investigation,
the following actions were taken:
1. May 20, 2022: GAO publicly released an additional
related report originally requested by Chairs Davis and Lewis,
``Foster Care: Further Assistance from HHS Would be Helpful in
Supporting Youth's LGBTQ+ Identities and Religious Beliefs''
(GAO-22-104688).
2. June 3, 2022: Chair Davis and Chair Pascrell wrote a
letter to the HHS regarding the priorities and recommendations
outlined in the GAO report to support LGBTQ+ and religious
youth in foster care. The Committee received a response on
August 29, 2022.

Unemployment Insurance

The Committee joined as requesters of several self-
initiated GAO reports on unemployment insurance during the
COVID-19 pandemic. These reports include the following:
1. ``Unemployment Insurance: Pandemic Programs Posed
Challenges, and DOL Could Better Address Customer Service and
Emergency Planning'' (GAO-22-104251).
2. ``Pandemic Unemployment Assistance: Federal Program
Supported Contingent Workers Amid Historic Demand, but DOL
Should Examine Racial Disparities in Benefit Receipt'' (GAO-22-
104438).
3. ``Unemployment Insurance: Transformation Needed to
Address Program Design, Infrastructure, and Integrity Risks''
(GAO-22-105162).

General

1. April 28, 2021: Chair Davis and Ranking Member Walorski
wrote to Dr. William C. Bell, President and CEO of Casey Family
Programs, to request technical assistance on the implementation
of the Family First Prevention Services Act and child welfare
issues.

B. ACTIONS TAKEN AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Actions Taken

FULL COMMITTEE HEARINGS

On April 21, 2021, the Committee received testimony on ``In
Their Own Words: Paid Leave, Child Care, and an Economy that
Failed Women'' from: (i) Rebecca Gonzalez, Bronx, NY; (ii) Joy
Spencer, Durham, NC; (iii) Agnes Braga, Los Angeles CA; (iv)
Bethany Fauteaux, New Bedford, MA; and (v) Linda Smith on
behalf of the Bipartisan Policy Center, Washington, DC.
On June 15, 2022, the Committee received testimony on ``The
Burnout Epidemic and What Working Women Need for a Stronger
Economy'' from: (i) Tori Snyder, Pittsburgh, PA; (ii) Nija
Phelps, Milford, CT; (iii) Donna Price, Cleveland, OH; (iv)
Johna Beech, Kenai, AK; and (v) Alicia Huey, President of AGH
Homes Inc. from Birmingham, AL.

SUBCOMMITTEE HEARINGS

On March 10, 2021, the Subcommittee on Worker and Family
Support received testimony on ``Health Profession Opportunity
Grants; Past Successes and Future Uses'' from: (i) Bianca K.
Frogner, Director of the Center for Health Workforce Studies at
the University of Washington; (ii) Leslie Roundtree, Project
Director of the Partnership to STEP UP in Health Careers at
Chicago State University; (iii) Crystal Hodge, Nursing Student
in Schenectady, NY; (iv) Barbara Barney-Know, Deputy Director
of Nursing and Statewide Chief Nurse Executive at the
California Correctional Health Care Services; and (v) James
Sullivan, Gilbert F. Schaefer College Professor of Economics in
the Wilson Sheehan Lab for Economic Opportunities at the
University of Notre Dame.
On May 12, 2021, the Subcommittee on Worker and Family
Support received testimony on ``Making a Difference for
Families and Foster Youth'' from: (i) William C. Bell,
President and CEO of Casey Family Programs; (ii) Kai Cotton,
Lead Youth Navigator of the YWCA, Cleveland Heights, OH; (iii)
Weston Charles-Gallo, Advocate and former foster youth,
Liberty, MO; (iv) Kevin Copeland, Program Coordinator for
Visits to Mom, Lutheran Social Services of Illinois; and (v)
Sharon Pierce, Immediate Past President and CEO of The Villages
of Indiana.
On May 27, 2021, the Subcommittee on Worker and Family
Support received testimony at the ``Legislative Hearing on
Universal Paid Leave and Guaranteed Access to Child Care''
from: (i) Nina Perez, National Director of Early Learning at
MomsRising; (ii) Michael Rothman, Co-Founder and CEO of
Fatherly; (iii) Lee Savio Beers, President of the American
Academy of Pediatrics; (iv) Jocelyn C. Frye, Senior Fellow at
the Center for American Progress; and (v) Elizabeth Milito,
Senior Executive Counsel of the National Federation of
Independent Businesses Small Business Legal Center.
On March 16, 2022, the Subcommittee on Worker and Family
Support received testimony on ``Improving Family Outcomes
through Home Visiting'' from: (i) Steven Pascal, Director of
Home Visiting at The Children's Trust; (ii) Myia Smith, Healthy
Families America Family Support Specialist at the Henry Booth
House; (iii) Erica Beck, Healthy Families America Program
Participant at the Henry Booth House; (iv) Angella Dancer,
Senior Director of Home Visiting Services for the Choctaw
Nation of Oklahoma; and (v) Debie Coble, President and CEO of
Goodwill Industries of Michiana, Inc.

5. SUBCOMMITTEE ON HEALTH

Skilled Nursing Facilities and the COVID-19
Pandemic. Oversight related to the quality and safety of
nursing homes during the public health emergency related to the
COVID-19 pandemic to ensure that the safety of patients and
providers is protected.
Climate Crisis and Health Sector. Oversight
related to the intersection of the climate crisis and the
health care sector, including letters to the Department of
Health and Human Services and a Majority Staff report examining
the effects of extreme weather events on the delivery of care
and how the health sector is reducing their climate footprint,
and a hearing on similar topics.
Mental and Behavioral Health. Oversight and
hearings relating to America's mental health crisis affecting
both mental and behavioral health, exacerbated by the public
health emergency related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Discuss and
consider appropriate health relief to increase mental health
providers and reduce barriers to care.
Health Care Finance. Oversight into the role of
private investment on the cost and quality of health care
delivery as it relates to nursing homes and other health care
providers.
CMS Administration. Oversight of CMS, including
issuance of regulations and their impact on Medicare
beneficiaries and providers; the adequacy and use of CMS'
budget and staff; contracting activities; communications with
beneficiaries; adherence to the Administrative Procedure Act;
and general agency accountability.
Private Health Insurance Coverage. Oversight and
review of private health coverage related to the Affordable
Care Act to ensure access to care related to agency action and
implementation of laws.
Surprise Billing. Oversight of the implementation
of the No Surprises Act to protect against surprise medical
bills and ensure families are not left unprotected from
unanticipated charges by health providers in tandem with
congressional intent.
Health Reform. Activities related to reform of the
health care system to reduce costs, lower premiums, expand
choices, and ensure access to affordable coverage.
Priorities of the Department of Health and Human
Services. Oversight hearings with the Health and Human Services
Secretary to discuss priorities for the 117th Congress and
concerns related to the delivery of health services and payment
under Medicare.
Specifically, discuss and consider legislative and
administrative proposals contained in the President's fiscal
year 2023 budget.
Medicare Part A and Part B (Fee-for-Service
Providers). Oversight of Medicare to ensure efficient use of
resources, quality of care, and access to providers for
Medicare beneficiaries.
Specific topics include: adequacy and appropriateness of
provider payments, including incentive payments and
implementation of reforms to physician payment systems; program
benefits; patient out-of-pocket costs; workforce supply;
treatment of specific populations such as people with
disabilities and low-income beneficiaries; social determinants
of health and health disparities; prescription drug costs;
quality improvement efforts; and waste, fraud, and abuse
activities.
Medicare Advantage. Oversight of Medicare
Advantage health plans, including: enrollment; benefit
packages; quality; beneficiary choice; coding risk adjustment
and payment accuracy; and submission of encounter data and
health risk assessments.
Medicare Part D (Prescription Drug Plans).
Oversight of the Medicare prescription drug program, including:
costs of prescription drugs; beneficiary premiums and cost-
sharing; the risk sharing structure and reinsurance;
improvements to the low income subsidy program; impacts of
recently enacted legislation and regulations on the Part D
program; access to retiree prescription drug coverage; and the
use of Medicare negotiation and competition to lower
prescription drug costs.
Medicare Trust Fund Stewardship. Oversight of
program changes on the Medicare Trust Funds; premium and copay
levels; provider payments; benefit design, and improvements to
the program's long-term sustainability.
Prescription Drugs. Oversight of the landscape of
federal policies that can be changed to lower prescription drug
prices including tax incentives, payment incentives, and
misaligned incentives among various entities in the health
system, as well as ways to directly lower patient cost as well
as costs overall in health care and costs to taxpayers. a.
Skilled Nursing Facilities and the COVID-19 Pandemic

Actions Taken

FULL COMMITTEE HEARINGS

On June 8, 2021, the Committee received testimony on the
President's fiscal year 2022 budget proposal from U.S.
Department of Health and Human Services Secretary Becerra.
On February 2, 2022, the Committee received testimony on
``America's Mental Health Crisis'' from: (i) Wizdom Powell,
Ph.D., Director of the Health Disparities Institute and
Associate Professor of Psychiatry, UConn Health; (ii) Deborah
Steinberg, J.D., Health Policy Attorney, The Legal Action
Center; (iii) Peggy Johnson, M.D., Chief of Psychiatry, The
Commonwealth Care Alliance; (iv) Angela Sausser, M.S.W.,
Executive Director, The Public Children Services Association of
Ohio; and (v) Deepa Avula, M.P.H., Director of the North
Carolina Division on Mental Health, Developmental Disabilities,
and Substance Abuse Services at the North Carolina Department
of Health & Human Services.
On March 2, 2022, the Committee received testimony on
``Substance Use, Suicide Risk, and the American Health System''
from: (i) Jonathan M. Metzl, M.D., Ph.D., Professor of
Sociology and Psychiatry and Director of the Department of
Medicine, Health, and Society, at Vanderbilt University; (ii)
Edwin C. Chapman, M.D., Private Practice Physician Specializing
in Addiction Medicine; (iii) Regina LaBelle, J.D., Director of
the Addiction and Public Policy Initiative at the O'Neill
Institute; (iv) Marielle Reataza, M.D., M.S., Executive
Director of the National Asian Pacific American Families
Against Substance Abuse; and (v) Jessica Hulsey, Founder & CEO
at the Addiction Policy Forum.
On April 28, 2022, the Committee received testimony on the
President's fiscal year 2023 budget proposal from Department of
Health and Human Services Secretary Becerra.
On September 15, 2022, the Committee received testimony on
``Preparing America's Health Care Infrastructure for the
Climate Crisis'' from: (i) Jodi Sherman, M.D., Associate
Professor of Anesthesiology of the Yale School of Medicine,
Associate Professor of Epidemiology in Environmental Health
Sciences, and Founding Director of the Yale Program on
Healthcare Environmental Sustainability in the Yale Center on
Climate Change and Health; (ii) Paul Biddinger, M.D., Chief
Preparedness and Continuity Officer, Mass General Brigham and
Director of the Center for Disaster Medicine at Mass General;
(iii) Parinda Khatri, Ph.D., Chief Executive Officer of
Cherokee Health Systems; (iv) Elizabeth Schenk, Ph.D. R.N.,
Executive Director of Environmental Stewardship for Providence;
and (v) Rich Powell, J.D., Chief Executive Officer, ClearPath
Inc.

SUBCOMMITTEE HEARINGS

On February 26, 2021, the Subcommittee on Health received
testimony on ``The Path Forward on COVID-19 Immunizations''
from: (i) Dr. Ashish Jha, dean of the Brown University School
of Public Health; (ii) Dr. Georges Benjamin, Executive Director
of American Public Health Association; (iii) Dr. Kimberly Avila
Edwards, Director of Advocacy and External Affairs at Ascension
Seton; (iv) Ann Lewandowski, Executive Director of Wisconsin
Immunization Neighborhood; (v) Dr. Reshma Ramachandran,
National Clinicians Scholar at Yale School of Medicine; and
(vi) Dr. Clay Marsh, the West Virginia COVID-19 czar and Vice
President and Executive Dean for Health Sciences at West
Virginia University.
On April 28, 2021, the Subcommittee on Health received
testimony on ``Charting the Path Forward for Telehealth'' from:
(i) Sinsi Hernandez-Cancio, JD, Vice President for Health
Justice, National Partnership for Women and Families; (ii)
Ellen Kelsay, President & CEO, Business Group on Health; (iii)
Thomas Kim, MD, MPH, Chief Behavioral Health Officer, Prism
Health North Texas; (iv) Ateev Mehrotra, MD, MPH, Associate
Professor of Health Care Policy, Department of Health Care
Policy, Harvard Medical School; and (v) Joel White, Executive
Director, Health Innovation Alliance.
On February 3, 2022, the Subcommittee on Health received
testimony on ``Bridging Health Equity Gaps for People with
Disabilities and Chronic Conditions'' from: (i) Monica
Verduzco-Gutierrez, M.D., Professor and Chair of the Department
of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Texas
Health San Antonio, Director of COVID Recovery Clinic at
University Health; (ii) Rupa S. Valdez, Ph.D., M.S., Associate
Professor of Engineering Systems and Public Health, University
of Virginia; (iii) Liza Fisher, Member of Long Covid Alliance,
Houston, Texas; (iv) Bethany Lilly, J.D., Senior Director of
Income Policy, The Arc; and (v) Ray Dorsey, M.D., Professor of
Neurology, University of Rochester Medical Center.

INVESTIGATIONS

a. Skilled Nursing Facilities and the COVID-19 Pandemic

To conduct oversight related to the quality and safety of
nursing homes during the public health emergency related to the
COVID-19 pandemic to ensure that the safety of patients and
providers is protected, the Committee sent the following
letters:
February 24, 2021: Chair Neal and Chair Doggett
wrote a letter to CMS Acting Administrator Elizabeth Richter to
inquire about nurse aid training requirement exemptions and
other exemptions put in place during the Administration's 1135
waiver and the need to reinstate requirements to protect
patient safety. Chair Neal received a response from Acting
Administrator Richter on April 6, 2021, stating that the nurse
aid training waiver was necessary to ensure adequate staffing
of facilities and must meet minimally competent skills.
February 25, 2021: Chair Neal wrote a letter to
CMS Acting Administrator Richter to reinstate numerous COVID-19
waivers to protect the safety of skilled nursing facility
residents relating to: quality and safety surveys; staffing and
training requirements; telehealth policies; staff and patient
COVID-19 nursing home data; reporting of COVID-19 demographic
data; reinstating civil money penalties; and other waivers.
Chair Neal received a response from Administrator Brooks-LaSure
on June 11, 2021, expressing that the agency is reviewing the
recommended policy recommendations.
May 17, 2021: Chair Neal wrote a letter to CMS
Acting Administrator Richter to voice support about proposed
changes to the skilled nursing facility value-based payment
program to increase patient safety and the quality of care
received by nursing home residents. Chair Neal received a
response from Administrator Brooks-LaSure on July 23, 2021,
acknowledging support of agency efforts.

b. Climate Crisis and Health Sector

To conduct oversight related to the intersection of the
climate crisis and the health care sector, the Committee
released a Majority Staff report examining the effects of
extreme weather events on the delivery of care and how the
health sector is reducing their climate footprint and held a
hearing on similar topics. The Committee also sent the
following letters:
April 9, 2021: Chair Neal wrote a letter to HHS
Secretary Xavier Becerra to inquire about agency resilience and
sustainability strategies targeted towards the health sector in
response to the climate crisis impacting the delivery of care.
Chair Neal received a response from Assistant Secretary for
Health Rachel L. Levine on November 8, 2021, acknowledging the
need for the health sector to implement decarbonization
efforts.
January 27, 2022: Chair Neal wrote a letter to HHS
Secretary Becerra and CMS Administrator Brooks-LaSure,
concerning the proposed notice of benefit and payment
parameters for 2023 as it relates to health equity and the
climate crisis to encourage the administration to incentivize
providers and suppliers to examine their negative contributions
to greenhouse gas emissions.

c. Private Investment in Health Care

To conduct oversight into the role of private investment on
the cost and quality of health care delivery as it relates to
nursing homes and other health care providers, the Committee
sent the following letter:
May 27, 2021: Oversight Subcommittee Chair
Pascrell wrote a letter to GAO Comptroller General Gene L.
Dodaro requesting a study on the role and influence of private
equity investments in the health care industry, as it has been
shown that private equity investment has led to decreases in
care quality, the shuttering of health facilities, and
increases in surprise billing practices. Oversight Subcommittee
Chair Pascrell received a response from GAO Managing Director
Orice Williams Brown on June 14, 2021, accepting the request.

d. Mental and Behavioral Health

To conduct oversight on America's mental health crisis
affecting both mental and behavioral health, and the
exacerbation of these issues due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the
Committee sent the following letters:
June 22, 2021: Chair Neal wrote a letter to HHS
Secretary Becerra to ensure maximum access to substance use
disorder treatment options in light of the increase of opioid-
related deaths and opioid usage during the public health
emergency. Chair Neal received a response from Secretary
Becerra on August 30, 2021, stating that addressing the opioid
crisis is a top priority of the department.
January 12, 2022: Chair Neal wrote a letter to
Medicare Payment Advisory Commission Chairman Michael Chernew
requesting an analysis of mental health services provided under
the Medicare program relating to both inpatient and outpatient
services, telehealth utilization, and services provided under
Medicare Advantage.

e. CMS administration

To conduct oversight of CMS administration, including
issuance of regulations and their impact on Medicare
beneficiaries and providers; the adequacy and use of CMS'
budget and staff, contracting activities; communications with
beneficiaries; adherence to the Administrative Procedure Act;
and general agency accountability, the Committee sent the
following letter:
July 13, 2022: Chair Neal and Chair Pallone wrote
a letter to CMS Administrator Brooks-LaSure expressing concern
that an administration proposal is contrary to congressional
intent related to physician owned hospitals. Chair Neal
received a response from Administrator Brooks-LaSure on August
29, 2022, stating that any changes to Medicare regulations
would require notice and comment rulemaking.

f. Private Health Insurance Coverage related to the ACA

To conduct oversight and review of private health insurance
coverage related to the Affordable Care Act to ensure access to
care, the Committee send the following letters:
October 6, 2021: Chair Neal, along with Chair
Pallone, Chair Scott, and Chair Maloney, wrote a letter to HHS
Secretary Becerra, Treasury Secretary Yellen, and Labor
Secretary Martin Walsh, to ensure that Food and Drug
Administration approved contraceptive coverage would continue
to be covered without cost sharing, as required under the
Affordable Care Act. Chair Pallone received a response from
Secretary Becerra on April 4, 2022, expressing the department's
commitment to ensure contraceptive access.
January 27, 2022: Chair Neal along with Chair
Pallone, Chair Scott, Chair Murray, and Chair Wyden, wrote a
letter to HHS Secretary Becerra and CMS Services Administrator
Brooks-LaSure to express their support of the policies proposed
in the notice of benefit and payment parameters for 2023 to
build on the progress of the Affordable Care Act by expanding
access to care, lowering costs, and addressing health
inequities. Chair Neal received a response on March 16, 2022,
from Administrator Brooks-LaSure acknowledging support of the
agency's efforts.
March 31, 2022: Chair Neal wrote a letter to
Federal Trade Commission Chair Lina M. Khan concerning the
reports of misleading marketing practices by substandard plans
that lack consumer protections provided under the Affordable
Care Act (ACA).
May 19, 2022: Chair Neal and Chair Wyden sent a
letter to Treasury Secretary Yellen and IRS Commissioner
Charles P. Rettig to urge them to finalize the proposed
regulation by the Department of the Treasury and the IRS
entitled, ``Affordability of Employer Coverage for Family
Members of Employees,'' which was published in the Federal
Register on April 7, 2022. On June 6, 2022, Assistant Secretary
for Legislative Affairs Jonathan C. Davidson sent a letter to
Chair Neal and Chair Wyden informing them the Department of the
Treasury will fully consider feedback provided during the
public comment period before finalizing any rule.
October 3, 2022: Chair Neal, Chair Pallone, and
Chair Scott wrote a letter to HHS Secretary Becerra expressing
their support for the proposed rule related to
nondiscrimination in health programs and activities related to
Section 1557 of the Affordable Care Act.

g. Surprise Medical Billing

To conduct oversight of the implementation of the No
Surprises Act, a bill to protect against surprise medical bills
and ensure families are not left unprotected from unanticipated
charges by health providers in tandem with congressional
intent, the Committee sent the following letters:
October 4, 2021: Chair Neal and Ranking Member
Brady wrote a letter HHS Secretary Becerra, Treasury Secretary
Yellen, and Labor Secretary Walsh, to inquire about the
regulation implementing the No Surprises Act as it appeared to
be contrary to the congressional intent of law enacted.
March 16, 2022: Chair Neal and Ranking Member
Brady wrote a letter HHS Secretary Becerra, Treasury Secretary
Yellen, and Labor Secretary Walsh urging the administration to
halt litigation in defense of the No Surprises Act
implementation that went against congressional intent.

6. SUBCOMMITTEE ON SOCIAL SECURITY

Adequacy of benefits and options for strengthening
Social Security. Examine the role of Social Security benefits
in ensuring economic security for retirees, persons with
career-ending disabilities, and survivors, and in reducing
disparities in economic security for disadvantaged groups
including people of color, women, and others. Examine how well
the program is meeting the needs of current and future
beneficiaries; and financing challenges facing Social Security.
In addition, compare and contrast options to strengthen Social
Security.
Ability of Social Security Administration (SSA) to
serve the public and effectively administer benefits. Examine
SSA's ability to serve the public, including the effects of the
COVID-19 pandemic on SSA services as well as the safety and
accessibility of SSA services during the pandemic; office
closures and other barriers to assistance, including barriers
created by the COVID-19 pandemic; and the problems of backlogs
and service delays, including delays in the disability
application and appeals process. Examine SSA's ability to
identify, prevent, and reduce inequities in access to services
on the basis of race, color, ethnicity, religion, sex, sexual
orientation, gender identity, disability, age, and national
origin. Evaluate SSA's ability to prevent errors and detect
fraud. Examine the adequacy of SSA's administrative budget.
Access to earned disability benefits. Examine the
extent to which SSA's policies and procedures ensure due
process and access to benefits for individuals who meet
eligibility criteria in the law, including potential racial
disparities in disability adjudication.
Implementation of recent legislation. Oversee
SSA's implementation of recent legislation, including reforms
in the collection and distribution of death data, reforms in
the representative payee program, and the agency's role in
assisting the Treasury Department with implementation of
Economic Impact Payments. Oversee the Congressionally-mandated
death data report from the National Academy of Public
Administration.
Information technology, cybersecurity, identity
theft, and telephone scams. Oversee SSA's investments in
information technology, including its modernization program,
cybersecurity at SSA, and the prevention of identity theft
involving Social Security numbers. Monitor robocalls and
imposter scams involving SSA.

INVESTIGATIONS

Economic Impact Payments

The Committee has conducted robust oversight of the
Executive Branch's efforts to administer pandemic-related
relief, and in particular to ensure that the most vulnerable
Americans were not left behind by these efforts. Relevant
oversight activities include:
1. March 22, 2021: Chair Richard E. Neal, along with
Subcommittee Chairs John B. Larson, Bill Pascrell, Jr., and
Danny K. Davis, wrote to IRS Commissioner Charles P. Rettig and
SSA Commissioner Andrew M. Saul regarding delays in sending
automatic stimulus payments to Social Security and Supplemental
Security Income (SSI) beneficiaries, along with Railroad
Retirement Board (RRB) and Veterans Affairs (VA) beneficiaries.
2. March 24, 2021: Chair Richard E. Neal, along with
Subcommittee Chairs John B. Larson, Bill Pascrell, Jr., and
Danny K. Davis, wrote to SSA Commissioner Andrew M. Saul
regarding Social Security and SSI beneficiaries awaiting their
economic impact payments.
3. December 12, 2021: the Committee on Ways and Means
received notification from the Social Security Administration
Office of Inspector General that an informational report on
``Beneficiary and Recipient Data Provided to Support Issuance
of Economic Impact Payments Authorized by the American Rescue
Plan Act of 2021'' had been issued. The report concluded and
Internal Revenue Service (IRS) officials confirmed that ``SSA
met the IRS' expectations regarding provision of SSA's data and
that IRS and SSA worked together to get payments out as quickly
as possible.''

B. Actions Taken and Recommendations Made With Respect to Oversight
Plan

Actions Taken

SUBCOMMITTEE HEARINGS

On June 15, 2021, the Subcommittee on Social Security
received testimony on ``Equity in Social Security: In Their Own
Words'' from: (i) Julian Blair, Social Security beneficiary
from Washington, D.C.; (ii) Elba Lopez, Social Security
beneficiary from Philadelphia, PA; (iii) Cora McDonnell, Social
Security beneficiary from Seattle, WA; (iv) Kitty Ruderman,
Social Security beneficiary from Queens, NY; and (v) Mary
Widmier, Social Security beneficiary from Houston, TX.
On December 7, 2021, the Subcommittee on Social Security
received testimony on ``The Fierce Urgency of Now--Social
Security 2100: A Sacred Trust'' from: (i) Robert Roach, Jr.,
President of the Alliance for Retired Americans; (ii) Nancy
Altman, President of Social Security Works; (iii) Shaun Castle,
Deputy Executive Director of Paralyzed Veterans of America;
(iv) Yanira Cruz, President and CEO of the National Hispanic
Council on Aging; (v) Andrew Biggs, Senior Fellow at American
Enterprise Institute; (vi) Elizabeth (Bette) Marafino,
President of the Connecticut Alliance for Retired Americans;
(vii) Amy Matsui, Directory of Income Security and Senior
Counsel for the National Women's Law Center; (viii) Rachel
Greszler, Research Fellow in Economics, Budget, and
Entitlements at The Heritage Foundation; and (ix) Max Richtman,
President and CEO of the National Committee to Preserve Social
Security and Medicare.
On May 17, 2022, the Subcommittee on Social Security
received testimony on ``Strengthening Social Security's
Customer Service'' from: (i) Grace Kim, Deputy Commissioner for
Operations at the Social Security Administration; (ii) Tracey
Gronniger, Directing Attorney at Justice in Aging; (iii)
Bethany Lilly, Senior Director of Public Policy at The Arc of
the United States, on behalf of the Consortium for Constituents
with Disabilities Social Security Task Force; (iv) Peggy
Murphy, Immediate Past President of the National Council of
Social Security Management Associations; (v) Yanira Cruz,
President and CEO of the National Hispanic Council on Aging;
(vi) Alison Weir, Policy Advocate and Attorney for the Greater
Hartford Legal Aid, Hartford, CT; and (vii) Rebecca Vallas,
Senior Fellow at The Century Foundation.

DEATH DATA REPORT

On August 10, 2022, the Committee on Ways and Means
received notification from the Social Security Administration
(SSA) that ``A Report to Congress on Sources of and Access to
State Death Data'' is available from the National Academy of
Public Administration. This report was required by Section 802
of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 (P.L. 116-260). It
concerns SSA's use of state-owned death data.

INVESTIGATIONS

Service to the Public

The Social Security Subcommittee has conducted robust
oversight of the customer service at the Social Security
Administration (SSA), including the effects of the COVID-19
pandemic on the agency's service delivery. Relevant oversight
activities include:
1. March 4, 2021: Subcommittee Chair John B. Larson,
Subcommittee Ranking Member Tom Reed, Subcommittee Chair Danny
K. Davis, and Subcommittee Ranking Member Jackie Walorski wrote
to SSA Commissioner Andrew Saul to urge SSA to publicly release
all instructions to employees on changes to policies and
services due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
2. June 4, 2021: Subcommittee Chair John B. Larson wrote to
SSA Commissioner Andrew Saul on ensuring strong customer
service as well as the safety of the public and employees
during COVID-19.
3. December 22, 2021: Subcommittee Chair John B. Larson
wrote to SSA Acting Commissioner Kilolo Kijakazi regarding
actions the agency is taking to strengthen customer service and
ensure safety during COVID-19.
4. February 18, 2022: Subcommittee Ranking Member Tom Reed,
and Subcommittee Members Kevin Hern, Tom Rice, Jodey Arrington,
and Ron Estes wrote to SSA Acting Commissioner Kilolo Kijakazi
to express concerns about Americans' ongoing difficulty
accessing SSA's services.
5. August 16, 2022: Chair Richard E. Neal and Ranking
Member Kevin Brady wrote to SSA Acting Commissioner Kilolo
Kijakazi to urge SSA to ensure that visitors to SSA offices are
served effectively and safely, and are not waiting in line
outside in the summer heat in many areas of the country.

Other Topics

The Subcommittee has broad jurisdiction over the Social
Security program, including other topics that touch millions of
Americans. With respect to oversight of these areas, relevant
activities include:
1. May 7, 2021: Subcommittee Chairs John B. Larson and
Danny K. Davis wrote to SSA Commissioner Andrew Saul urging him
to revoke SSA's Final Rule, ``Hearings Held by Administrative
Appeals Judges of the Appeals Council'' (85 Fed. Reg. 73138;
effective Dec. 16, 2020).
2. August 24, 2021: Ranking Member Kevin Brady,
Subcommittee Ranking Member Tom Reed, and Senators Mike Crapo,
Todd Young, and Tim Scott wrote to Comptroller General Gene
Dodaro requesting a review of the authority under which
President Joe Biden appointed Dr. Kilolo Kijakazi as Acting SSA
Commissioner.
3. November 3, 2021: Subcommittee Chairs Bill Pascrell,
Jr., John B. Larson, and Danny K. Davis wrote to SSA Acting
Commissioner Kilolo Kijakazi requesting information on the
impact of United States Postal Service mail delays on SSA's
customer service.
4. February 16, 2022: Subcommittee Chairs John B. Larson
and Danny K. Davis wrote to SSA Acting Commissioner Kilolo
Kijakazi to express concerns about the use of facial
recognition technology as part of SSA's online identity
verification process.
March 24, 2022: Subcommittee Chairs John B. Larson and
Danny K. Davis wrote to SSA Acting Commissioner Kilolo Kijakazi
to request an update on the agency's efforts to understand the
long-term health effects of COVID-19 (long COVID) and to ensure
accurate, timely, and equitable evaluation of SSA disability
claims involving long COVID.
5. May 16, 2022: Subcommittee Chair John B. Larson and
Acting Ranking Member Kevin Hern wrote to SSA Inspector General
Gail S. Ennis requesting a review of the performance of SSA's
multiple telephone systems.
6. June 1, 2022: Subcommittee Chairs John B. Larson and
Danny K. Davis wrote to Appropriations Committee Chair Rosa L.
DeLauro and Ranking Member Tom Cole regarding SSA's operating
budget for Fiscal Year 2023.
7. June 27, 2022: Subcommittee Chairs John B. Larson and
Danny K. Davis wrote to SSA Acting Commissioner Kilolo Kijakazi
regarding SSA's use of commercial electronic payroll data.

III. PUBLIC HEARINGS

During the 117th Congress, the Committee on Ways and Means
along with its six Subcommittees held numerous public hearings.
Many of these hearings dealt with broad subject matters
including tax policy, trade, health, and Social Security
issues.
As the statistics below indicate, during the 117th
Congress, the full Committee and its six Subcommittees held
public hearings aggregating a total of 45 days, during which
time 162 witnesses testified.
The following table specifies the statistical data on the
number of days and witnesses for each of the subjects covered
by public hearings in the full Committee during the 117th
Congress.

TABLE 1--PUBLIC HEARINGS CONDUCTED BY THE FULL COMMITTEE ON WAYS AND
MEANS
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Number of--
Subject and Date ---------------------
Days Witnesses
------------------------------------------------------------------------
2021:
Members' Day Hearing, March 23................ 1 --
In Their Own Words: Paid Leave, Child Care, 1 6
and an Economy that Failed Women, April 21...
Hearing on The Biden Administration's 2021 1 1
Trade Policy Agenda, May 13..................
Leveraging the Tax Code for Infrastructure 1 5
Investment, May 19...........................
Hearing on the President's Proposed Fiscal 1 1
Year 2022 Budget with the Department of
Health and Human Services Secretary Becerra,
June 8.......................................
Hearing on the President's Proposed Fiscal 1 1
Year 2022 Budget with Treasury Secretary
Janet Yellen, June 17........................
Total for 2021............................ 6 14
2022:
America's Mental Health Crisis, February 2.... 1 5
Substance Use, Suicide Risk, and the American 1 5
Health System, March 2.......................
Biden Administration's 2022 Trade Policy 1 1
Agenda, March 30.............................
Overcoming Racism to Advance Economic 1 5
Opportunity, April 6.........................
HHS Budget Hearing with Sec. Becerra, April 28 1 1
Proposed Fiscal Year 2023 Budget with Treasury 1 1
Secretary Janet Yellen, June 8...............
The Burnout Epidemic and What Working Women 1 5
Need for a Stronger Economy, June 15.........
Nowhere to Live: Profits, Disinvestment, and 1 5
the American Housing Crisis, July 13.........
The Future of U.S.-Taiwan Trade, September 14. 1 4
Preparing America's Health Care Infrastructure 1 5
for the Climate Crisis, September 15.........
Total for 2022............................ 10 37
Total for the 117th Congress.......... 16 51
------------------------------------------------------------------------

The six Subcommittees of the Committee on Ways and Means
were also very active in conducting public hearings during the
117th Congress. The following table specifies in detail the
number of days and witnesses for each of the Subcommittees.

TABLE 2--PUBLIC HEARINGS CONDUCTED BY THE SUBCOMMITTEES OF THE COMMITTEE
ON WAYS AND MEANS
(January 3, 2021-January 3, 2023)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Number of--
Subject and Date ---------------------
Days Witnesses
------------------------------------------------------------------------
SUBCOMMMITTEE ON TRADE

2021:Reauthorizing Trade Adjustment Assistance: 1 5
Opportunities for Equitable Access and
Modernization, March 4
Hearing on Advancing U.S. Economic 1 7
Competitiveness, Equity, and Sustainability
Through Infrastructure Investments, April 29.
The Global Challenge of Forced Labor in Supply 1 5
Chains: Strengthening Enforcement and
Protecting Workers, July 21..................
Strengthening the U.S. Africa Trade and 1 4
Investment Relationship, November 17.........
Supporting U.S. Workers, Businesses, and the 1 4
Environment in the Face of Unfair Chinese
Trade Practices, December 2..................
Total for 2021............................ 5 25
2022
Promoting Sustainable Environmental Practices 1 4
Through Trade Policy.........................
Total for 2022............................ 1 4
Total for 117th Congress.............. 6 29

SUBCOMMMITTEE ON WORKER AND FAMILY SUPPORT

2021:
Health Profession Opportunity Grants; Past 1 5
Successes and Future Uses, March 10..........
Making a Different for Families & Foster 1 5
Youth, May 12................................
Universal Paid Leave and Guaranteed Access to 1 8
Child Care, May 27...........................
Total for 2021............................ 3 18
2022:
Improving Family Outcomes through Home 1 5
Visiting, March 16...........................
Total for 117th Congress.............. 4 23

SUBCOMMMITTEE ON OVERSIGHT

2021:
Free Tax Preparation Services During the 1 4
Pandemic, February 18........................
Hearing with the IRS Commissioner on the 2021 1 1
Filing Season, March 18......................
Examining Private Equity's Expanded Role in 1 5
the U.S. Health Care System, March 25........
Expanding Access to Higher Education and the 1 5
Promise it Holds, July 14....................
The Opportunity Zone Program and Who It Left 1 4
Behind, November 16..........................
The Pandora Papers and Hidden Wealth, December 1 4
8............................................
Total for 2021............................ 6 23
2022:
Hearing with the National Taxpayer Advocate on 1 1
Challenges Facing Taxpayers, February 8......
IRS Commissioner Rettig on the 2022 Filing 1 1
Season March 17..............................
Oversight Subcommittee Hearing on Taxpayer 1 2
Fairness Across the IRS, May 18..............
Total for 2022............................ 3 4
Total for 117th Congress.............. 9 27

SUBCOMMITTEE ON SOCIAL SECURITY

2021:
Equity in Social Security: In Their Own Words, 1 5
June 15......................................
The Fierce Urgency of Now--Social Security 1 9
2100: A Sacred Trust, December 7.............
Total for 2021............................ 2 14
2022:
Strengthening Social Security's Customer 1 7
Service, May 17..............................
Total for 2022............................ 1 7
Total for 117th Congress.............. 3 21

SUBCOMMMITTEE ON SELECT REVENUE MEASURES

2021:
Tax Tools to Help Local Governments, March 11. 1 5
Funding Our Nation's Priorities: Reforming the 1 5
Tax Code's Advantageous Treatment of the
Wealthy, May 12..............................
Joint Hearing with the Oversight Subcommittee 1 5
on Minding the Tax Gap: Improving Tax
Administration for the 21st Century, June 10.
Total for 2021............................ 3 15
2022:
Examining the Economic Impact of Federal 1 5
Infrastructure Investment, February 15.......
Total for 2022............................ 1 5
Total for 117th Congress.............. 4 20
------------------------------------------------------------------------

MARKUPS

TABLE 3--PUBLIC MARKUPS CONDUCTED BY THE FULL COMMITTEE ON WAYS AND
MEANS
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject and Date Days Bills
------------------------------------------------------------------------
2021:
Ways and Means Organizational Meeting, 1 -
February 4...................................
--Consideration of Committee Rules for
117th Congress
Markup on February 10, 11, and 12............. 3 9
--Legislative proposals to comply with the
reconciliation directive included in
Section 2001 of the Concurrent Resolution
on the Budget for Fiscal Year 2021, S.
Con. Res. 5
Views and Estimates, May 5.................... 1 -
--Views and Estimates Letter to the
Committee on the Budget
Markup on May 5............................... 1 1
--H.R. 2954, the ``Securing a Strong
Retirement Act of 2021''
Markup on September 9 and 10.................. 2 8
--Legislative proposals to comply with the
reconciliation directive included in
section 2002 of the Concurrent Resolution
on the Budget for Fiscal Year 2022, S.
Con. Res. 14
Markup on September 14 and 15................. 2 4
--Legislative proposals to comply with the
reconciliation directive included in
section 2002 of the Concurrent Resolution
on the Budget for Fiscal Year 2022, S.
Con. Res. 14
2022:
Views and Estimates, April 28................. 1 -
--Views and Estimates Letter to the
Committee on the Budget
Markup on July 27............................. 1 1
--H.R. 8487, ``Improving Seniors Timely
Access to Care Act of 2022''
Markup on September 20........................ 1 7
--H.R. 82, the ``Social Security Fairness
Act of 2021''
--H. Res. 1269, Of inquiry directing the
Secretary of the Treasury to provide
certain documents in the Secretary's
possession to the House of
Representatives relating to the impact of
the OECD Pillar One agreement on the
United States Treasury
--H. Res. 1285, Requesting the President
to transmit certain information to the
House of Representatives relating to a
waiver of intellectual property
commitments under the World Trade
Organization Agreement on Trade-Related
Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights
--H. Res. 1262, Of inquiry directing the
Secretary of Health and Human Services to
provide to the House of Representatives
certain documents in the Secretary's
possession regarding the reinterpretation
of sections 36B(c)(2)(C)(i)(II) and
5000A(e)(1)(B) of the Internal Revenue
Code of 1986, commonly known as the ``fix
to the family glitch''
--H. Res. 1283, Of inquiry directing the
Secretary of the Treasury to provide to
the House of Representatives a copy of
the Internal Revenue Service Small
Business/Self Employed Division Decision
Memorandum regarding the decision to
destroy approximately 30,000,000 paper
information returns around the time of
March 2021, and any other memorandum
related to the decision to destroy those
information returns
--H. Res. 1288, Of inquiry directing the
Secretary of Labor to provide to the
House of Representatives certain
documents in the Secretary's possession
relating to Unemployment Insurance fraud
during the COVID-19 pandemic
--H. Res. 1246, Of inquiry directing the
Secretary of the Treasury to provide
certain documents in the Secretary's
possession to the House of
Representatives relating to recovery
rebates under section 6428B of the
Internal Revenue Code of 1986
Markup on September 21........................ 1 6
--H.R. 8876, The Jackie Walorski Maternal
and Child Home Visiting Reauthorization
Act of 2022
--Committee Print 117-1. Improvements to
Medicare Inpatient and Outpatient Mental
Health Services
--Committee Print 117-2. Improvements to
the Medicare Program Related to Physician
Services and Education
--Committee Print 117-3. Requiring
Coverage of Forensic Medical Exams with
No Cost Sharing
--Committee Print 117-4. Improved
Information in Provider Directories, Plan
Definitions, and Crisis Services for
Private Insurance Plans
--Committee Print 117-5. Improved
Information for Network Coverage and Plan
Documents in Private Insurance Plans
Committee Meeting on December 20.............. 1 1
Consideration of:
--Documents protected under Internal
Revenue Code section 6103
------------------------------------------------------------------------

Appendix I. Jurisdiction of the Committee on
Ways and Means

A. U.S. Constitution

Article I, Section 7, of the Constitution of the United
States provides as follows:

All Bills for raising Revenue shall originate in the
House of Representatives; but the Senate may propose or
concur with Amendments as on other Bills.

In addition, Article I, Section 8, of the Constitution of
the United States provides the following:

The Congress shall have Power To lay and collect
Taxes, Duties, Imposts and Excises, to pay the Debts
and . . . To borrow Money on the credit of the United
States.

B. Rule X, Clause 1, Rules of the House of Representatives

Rule X, clause 1(t), of the Rules of the House of
Representatives, in effect during the 110th Congress, provides
for the jurisdiction of the Committee on Ways and Means, as
follows:

(t) Committee on Ways and Means.
(1) Customs revenue, collection districts,
and ports of entry and delivery.
(2) Reciprocal trade agreements.
(3) Revenue measures generally.
(4) Revenue measures relating to insular
possessions.
(5) Bonded debt of the United States, subject
to the last sentence of clause 4(f). Clause
4(f) requires the Committee on Ways and Means
to include in its annual report to the
Committee on the Budget a specific
recommendation, made after holding public
hearings, as to the appropriate level of the
public debt that should be set forth in the
concurrent resolution on the budget.
(6) Deposit of public monies.
(7) Transportation of dutiable goods.
(8) Tax exempt foundations and charitable
trusts.
(9) National Social Security (except health
care and facilities programs that are supported
from general revenues as opposed to payroll
deductions and except work incentive programs).

Brief Description of Committee's Jurisdiction

The foregoing recitation of the provisions of House Rule X,
clause 1, paragraph (t), does not convey the comprehensive
nature of the jurisdiction of the Committee on Ways and Means.
The following summary provides a more complete description:

(1) Federal revenue measures generally--The Committee
on Ways and Means has the responsibility for raising
the revenue required to finance the Federal Government.
This includes individual and corporate income taxes,
excise taxes, estate taxes, gift taxes, and other
miscellaneous taxes.
(2) The bonded debt of the United States--The
Committee on Ways and Means has jurisdiction over the
authority of the Federal Government to borrow money.
Title 31 of Chapter 31 of the U.S. Code authorizes the
Secretary of the Treasury to conduct any necessary
public borrowing subject to a maximum limit on the
amount of borrowing outstanding at any one time. On
October 17, 2013, the President signed into law H.R.
2775, ``The Continuing Appropriations Act, 2014''
(Public Law 113-46) suspending the statutory limit on
the amount of public debt (``the debt ceiling'') until
February 7, 2014. All debt occurred during the time
period of October 17, 2013 and February 7, 2014, will
be added to the previous debt ceiling of $16.699
trillion. The Committee's jurisdiction also includes
conditions under which the U.S. Department of the
Treasury manages the Federal debt, such as restrictions
on the conditions under which certain debt instruments
are sold.
(3) National Social Security program--The Committee
on Ways and Means has jurisdiction over most of the
programs authorized by the Social Security Act, which
includes not only those programs that are normally
referred to colloquially as ``Social Security'' but
also social insurance programs and a whole series of
grant-in-aid programs to State governments for a
variety of purposes. The Social Security Act, as
amended, contains 21 titles (a few of which have either
expired or have been repealed). The principal programs
established by the Social Security Act and under the
jurisdiction of the Committee on Ways and Means in the
112th Congress can be outlined as follows:
(a) Old-age, survivors, and disability
insurance (Title II)--At present, there are
approximately 163 million workers in employment
covered by the program, and for calendar year
2012, $774.8 billion in benefits were paid
almost 57 million individuals.
(b) Medicare (Title XVIII)--Finances health
care benefits through the Hospital Insurance
trust fund for 41.8 million persons over the
age of 65 and for 8.5 million disabled persons.
Finances voluntary health care benefits through
the Supplementary Medical Insurance trust fund
for 38.7 million aged persons and 7.7 million
disabled persons. Total program outlays through
these trust funds were $574.2 billion in 2012.
(c) Supplemental Security Income (SSI) (Title
XVI)--The SI program was inaugurated in January
1974 under the provisions of P.L. 92-603, as
amended. It replaced the former Federal-State
programs for the needy aged, blind, and
disabled. In January 2011, 8.9 million
individuals received Federal SSI benefits on a
monthly basis. Of these 8.9 million persons,
approximately 2.1 million were eligible on the
basis of age, and 6.8 million on the basis of
blindness or disability. Federal expenditures
for cash SSI payments in 2012 totaled $48.8
billion, while State expenditures for federally
administered SSI supplements totaled $3.3
billion.
(d) Temporary Assistance for Needy Families
(TANF) (part A of Title IV)--The TANF program
is a block grant of about $16.5 billion awarded
to States to provide income assistance to poor
families, to end dependency on welfare benefits
to prevent non-marital births, and to encourage
marriage, among other purposes. In most cases,
Federal TANF benefits for individuals are
limited to 5 years and individuals must work to
maintain their eligibility. In June 2013, about
1.7 million families and 4.0 million
individuals received benefits from the TANF
program.
(e) Child support enforcement (Part D of
Title IV)--In fiscal year 2012 Federal
administrative expenditures totaled $5.6
billion for child support enforcement program.
Child support collections for the year totaled
$27.7 billion.
(f) Child welfare, foster care, and adoption
assistance (parts B and E of Title IV)--Titles
IV B and E provide funds to States for child
welfare services for abused and neglected
children; foster care for children who meet Aid
to Families with Dependent Children eligibility
criteria; and adoption assistance for children
with special needs. In fiscal year 2013,
Federal funding for child welfare services
totaled $688 million. Federal funding for
foster care and adoption assistance were
approximately $6.7 billion.
(g) Unemployment compensation programs
(Titles III, IX, and XII)--These titles
authorize the Federal-State unemployment
compensation program and the permanent extended
benefits program. In fiscal year 2012, an
estimated $68.0 billion was paid in
unemployment compensation, with approximately
8.3 million workers receiving their first
unemployment compensation payment.
(h) Social services (Title XX)--Title XX
authorizes the Federal Government to reimburse
the States for money spent to provide persons
with various services. Generally, the specific
services provided are determined by each State.
In fiscal year 2012, $1.7 billion was
appropriated. These funds are allocated on the
basis of population.
(4) Trade and tariff legislation--The Committee on
Ways and Means has responsibility over legislation
relating to tariffs, import trade, and trade
negotiations. In the early days of the Republic, tariff
and customs receipts were major sources of revenue for
the Federal Government. As the Committee with
jurisdiction over revenue-raising measures, the
Committee on Ways and Means thus evolved as the primary
Committee responsible for international trade policy.
The Constitution vests the power to levy tariffs and to
regulate international commerce specifically in the Congress as
one of its enumerated powers. Statutes including the Reciprocal
Trade Agreements Acts beginning in 1934, Trade Expansion Act of
1962, Trade Act of 1974, Trade Agreements Act of 1979, Trade
and Tariff Act of 1984, Omnibus Trade and Competitiveness Act
of 1988, North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)
Implementation Act, Uruguay Round Agreements Act, Trade Act of
2002, and other legislation implementing U.S. obligations under
trade agreements implementing bills provide the basis for U.S.
bargaining with other countries and the means to achieve the
mutual reduction of tariff and nontariff trade barriers under
reciprocal trade agreements.
The Committee's jurisdiction includes the following
authorities and programs:
(a) The tariff schedules and all tariff preference
programs, such as the General System of Preferences,
the Caribbean Basin Initiative, the Africa Growth and
Opportunity Act, the Andean Trade Preferences Act, and
the Haitian Hemispheric Opportunity through Growth Act;
(b) Laws dealing with unfair trade practices,
including the antidumping law, countervailing duty law,
section 301, and section 337;
(c) Other laws dealing with import trade, including
section 201 (escape clause), section 232 national
security controls, section 22 agricultural
restrictions, international commodity agreements,
textile restrictions under section 204, and any other
restrictions or sanctions affecting imports;
(d) General and specific trade negotiating authority,
as well as implementing authority for trade agreements
and the grant of normal-trade-relations (NTR) status;
(e) Trade Adjustment Assistance programs for workers,
firms, farmers, and communities;
(f) Customs administration and enforcement, including
rules of origin and country-of origin marking, customs
classification, customs valuation, customs user fees,
and U.S. participation in the World Customs
Organization (WCO);
(g) Trade and customs revenue functions of the
Department of Homeland Security and the Department of
the Treasury.
(h) Authorization of the budget for the International
Trade Commission (ITC), functions of the Department of
Homeland Security under the Committee's jurisdiction
(including the Bureaus of Customs and Border Protection
(CBP) and Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE),
and the Office of the U.S. Trade Representative (USTR).

C. Revenue Originating Prerogative of the House of Representatives

The Constitutional Convention debated adopting the British
model in which the House of Lords could not amend revenue
legislation sent to it from the House of Commons. Eventually,
however, the Convention proposed and the States later ratified
the Constitution providing that ``All bills for raising revenue
shall originate in the House of Representatives, but the Senate
may propose or concur with amendments as on other bills.''
(Article 1, Section 7, clause 1.)
In order to pass constitutional scrutiny under this
``origination clause,'' a tax bill must be passed first by the
House of Representatives. After the House has completed action
on a bill and approved it by a majority vote, the bill is
transmitted to the Senate for formal action. The Senate may
have already reviewed issues raised by the bill before its
transmission. For example, the Senate Committee on Finance
frequently holds hearings on tax legislative proposals before
the legislation embodying those proposals is transmitted from
the House of Representatives. On occasion, the Senate will
consider a revenue bill in the form of a Senate or ``S.'' bill,
and then await passage of a revenue ``H.R.'' bill from the
House. The Senate then will add or substitute provisions of the
``S.'' bill as an amendment to the ``H.R.'' bill and send the
``H.R.'' bill back to the House of Representatives for its
concurrence or for conference on the differing provisions.

The House's Exercise of its Constitutional Prerogative: ``Blue
Slipping''

When a Senate bill or amendment to a House bill infringes
on the constitutional prerogative of the House to originate
revenue measures, that infringement may be raised in the House
as a matter of privilege. That privilege has also been asserted
on a Senate amendment to a House amendment to a Senate bill
(see 96th Congress, 1st Session, November 8, 1979,
Congressional Record p. H10425).
Note that the House in its sole discretion may determine
that legislation passed by the Senate infringes on its
prerogative to originate revenue legislation. In the absence of
such determination by the House, the Federal courts are
occasionally asked to rule a certain revenue measure to be
unconstitutional as not having originated in the House (see
U.S. v. Munoz-Flores, 495 U.S. 385 (1990)).
Senate bills or amendments to non-revenue bills infringe on
the House's prerogative even if they do not raise or reduce
revenue. Such infringements are referred to as ``revenue
affecting.'' Thus, any import ban which could result in lost
customs tariffs must originate in the House (100th Congress,
1st Session, July 30, 1987 100th Congress, 2nd Session, June
16, 1988, Congressional Record p. H4356). Offending bills and
amendments are returned to the Senate through the passage in
the House of a House Resolution which states that the Senate
provision: ``in the opinion of the House, contravenes the first
clause of the seventh section of the first article of the
Constitution of the United States and is an infringement of the
privilege of the House and that such bill be respectfully
returned to the Senate with a message communicating this
resolution'' (e.g., 100th Congress, 1st Session, July 30, 1987,
Congressional Record p. H6808).
This practice is referred to as ``blue slipping'' because
the resolution returning the offending bill to the Senate is
printed on blue paper. In other cases, the Committee of the
Whole House has passed a similar or identical House bill in
lieu of a Senate bill or amendment (e.g., 91st Congress, 2nd
Congress, May 11, 1970, Congressional Record pp. H14951-14960).
The Committee on Ways and Means has also reported bills to the
House which were approved and sent to the Senate in lieu of
Senate bills (e.g., 93rd Congress, 1st Session, November 6,
1973, Congressional Record pp. 36006-36008). In other cases,
the Senate has substituted a House bill or delayed action on
its own legislation to await a proper revenue affecting bill or
amendment from the House (see 95th Congress, 2nd Session,
September 22, 1978, Congressional Record p. H30960; January 22,
1980, Congressional Record p. S107).
Any Member may offer a resolution seeking to invoke Article
I, Section 7. However, the determination that a bill violates
the Origination Clause has been traditionally made by Members
of the Committee on Ways and Means, and the resolution has been
offered by the Chairman or another Member of the Committee on
Ways and Means. Because Article I, Section 7 involves the
privileges of the House, a blue-slip resolution offered by the
Chairman or other Members of the Committee on Ways and Means
has been typically adopted by voice vote on the House Floor.
There have been instances where the House has agreed to not
deal directly with the issue by tabling a resolution.\2\\3\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\2\In cases where the Chairman of the Committee on Ways and Means
did not believe that the bill in question violated the Origination
Clause or the objection had been dealt with in another manner,
resolutions offered by other Members of the House have been tabled.
[See adoption of motion by Representative Rostenkowski to table H. Res.
571, 97-2, p. 22127.]
\3\This was an instance where the Chairman of the Committee on Ways
and Means raised a question of the privilege of the House pursuant to
Article I, Section 7, of the U.S. Constitution on H.R. 4516,
Legislative Branch Appropriations. The motion was laid on the table.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
On July 24, 2018, through House Resolution 1019, Chairman
Brady raised a question of the privileges of the House as the
conference report accompanying H.R. 5515, to authorize
appropriations for fiscal year 2019 for military activities of
the Department of Defense, for military personnel strengths for
such fiscal year, and for other purposes contravened the first
clause of the seventh section of the first article of the
Constitution of the United States and was an infringement of
the privileges of this House. House Resolution 1019 was agreed
to without objection, and H.R. 5515 was therefore recommitted
to the Committee on Conference. House Resolution 1019 marked
the first time the House adopted a resolution that assessed a
committee on conference had ``originated'' a revenue measure.
In the 116th Congress, the House did not formally raise a
question of its privileges as relating to the origination
clause of the United States Constitution. However, the House
Ways and Means Committee worked closely with the House
Leadership and members of the Senate to address constitutional
infirmities in Senate originated provisions before measures
were subject to blue slip procedures. For example, the House
Ways and Means Committee worked with the other Chamber to
address offending provisions in both the 2020 and 2021 National
Defense Authorizations Acts.
S. 1790, National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year
2020, passed the Senate on June 27, 2019 and was held at the
desk in the House. The House Ways and Means Committee
identified a revenue provision within Title LXIX, Otto Warmbier
Banking Restrictions Involving North Korea Act of 2019, which
imposed a new requirement on the President for the waiver of
certain sanctions under the North Korea Sanctions and Policy
Act of 2016. While the Senate had included an exception for the
importation of goods, it was determined that the drafting did
not effectively insulate the bill from constitutional scrutiny.
Upon learning of this deficiency, the Senate requested the
return of the papers and the House complied with the request.
The Senate subsequently amended S. 1790 (S. Amdt. 938) by
unanimous consent to remove the revenue provisions and sent the
amended bill to the House. The House determined that S. 1790 as
amended by S. Amdt. 938 did not violate the origination clause
of the United States Constitution.
On November 16, 2020 the Senate passed by voice vote H.R.
6395, National Defense Authorization Act of 2021 with an
amendment in a nature of a substitute inserting the provisions
of S. 4049 as passed by the Senate on July 23, 2020, with an
amendment. The text of the amendment in a nature of a
substitute omitted sections 3158 and 8159 that had appeared in
Senate engrossed S. 4049. These two provisions regarding the
extension and expansion of limitations on uranium were deemed
as offending revenue provisions and if added as a Senate
amendment to H.R. 6395 would have violated the origination
clause of the United States Constitution. With the omission of
these two provisions in the Senate amendment, the package was
not subject to formal blue slip procedures and H.R. 6395
proceeded to conference.

Appendix II. Statistical Review of the Activities of the Committee on
Ways and Means

A. Number of Bills and Resolutions Referred to the Committee

During the 117th Congress, through December 28, 2022, a
total of 1,752 bills were referred to the Committee,
representing 7.07 percent of all the public bills introduced in
the House of Representatives.
The following table gives a more complete statistical
review since 1967.

TABLE 1--NUMBER OF BILLS AND RESOLUTION REFERRED TO THE COMMITTEE 90TH THROUGH 117TH CONGRESS
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Introduced in Referred to
House Committee Percentage
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
90th Congress................................................ 24,227 3,806 15.7
91st Congress................................................ 23,575 3,442 14.6
92nd Congress................................................ 20,458 3,157 15.4
93rd Congress................................................ 21,096 3,370 16
94th Congress................................................ 19,371 3,747 19.3
95th Congress................................................ 17,800 3,922 22
96th Congress................................................ 10,196 2,337 22.9
97th Congress................................................ 9,909 2,377 26.4
98th Congress................................................ 8,104 1,904 23.5
99th Congress................................................ 7,522 1,568 20.8
100th Congress............................................... 7,043 1,419 22.1
101st Congress............................................... 7,640 1,737 22.7
102nd Congress............................................... 7,771 1,972 25.4
103rd Congress............................................... 6,645 1,496 22.5
104th Congress............................................... 5,329 1,071 20.1
105th Congress............................................... 5,976 1,509 25.2
106th Congress............................................... 6,942 1,762 25.3
107th Congress............................................... 7,029 1,941 27.6
108th Congress............................................... 6,953 1,541 22.2
109th Congress............................................... 8,152 2,152 26.4
110th Congress............................................... 9,319 2,386 25.6
111th Congress............................................... 8,780 1,764 20.1
112th Congress............................................... 7,842 2,581 32.9
113th Congress............................................... 15,908 1,380 8.7
114th Congress............................................... 6,529 1,559 23.9
115th Congress............................................... 8,856 1,497 16.9
116th Congress............................................... 16,587 1,727 10.4
117th Congress............................................... 24,778 1,752 7.07
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

B. Number and Final Status of Bills Reported From the Committee on Ways
and Means in the 117th Congress

During the 117th Congress, the Committee reported to the
House a total of 37 bills favorably. There were 12 bills
containing provisions within the purview of the Committee that
were passed by both Chambers of the House; 12 were enacted into
law. This is not indicative of the total number of bills
considered by the Committee.

Appendix III. Chairmen of the Committee on Ways and Means and
Membership of the Committee from the 1st through the 117th Congresses

A. Chairmen of the Committee on Ways and Means, 1789 to Present

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Name State Party Term of Service
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Thomas Fitzsimons................... Pennsylvania........... Federalist............ 1789
William L. Smith.................... South Carolina......... Federalist............ 1794 to 1797
Robert G. Harper.................... South Carolina......... Federalist............ 1797 to 1800
Roger Griswold...................... Connecticut............ Federalist............ 1800 to 1801
John Randolph....................... Virginia............... Jeffersonian 1801 to 1805, 1827
Republican.
Joseph Clay......................... Pennsylvania........... Jeffersonian 1805 to 1807
Republican.
George W. Campbell.................. Tennessee.............. Jeffersonian 1807 to 1809
Republican.
John W. Eppes....................... Virginia............... Jeffersonian 1809 to 1811
Republican.
Ezekiel Bacon....................... Massachusetts.......... Jeffersonian 1811 to 1812
Republican.
Langdon Cheves...................... South Carolina......... Jeffersonian 1812 to 1813
Republican.
John W. Eppes....................... Virginia............... Jeffersonian 1813 to 1815
Republican.
William Lowndes..................... South Carolina......... Jeffersonian 1815 to 1818
Republican.
Samuel Smith........................ Maryland............... Jeffersonian 1818 to 1822
Republican.
Louis McLane Delaware............... Jeffersonian Republican 1822 to 1827..........
George McDuffie..................... South Carolina......... Democrat.............. 1827 to 1832
Gulian C. Verplanck................. New York............... Democrat.............. 1832 to 1833
James K. Polk....................... Tennessee.............. Democrat.............. 1833 to 1835
C. C. Cambreleng.................... New York............... Democrat.............. 1835 to 1839
John W. Jones....................... Virginia............... Democrat.............. 1839 to 1841
Millard Fillmore.................... New York............... Whig.................. 1841 to 1843
James Iver McKay.................... North Carolina......... Democrat.............. 1843 to 1847
Samuel F. Vinton.................... Ohio................... Whig.................. 1847 to 1849
Thomas H. Bayly..................... Virginia............... Democrat.............. 1849 to 1851
George S. Houston................... Alabama................ Democrat.............. 1851 to 1855
Lewis D. Campbell................... Ohio................... Republican............ 1855 to 1857
J. Glancy Jones..................... Pennsylvania........... Democrat.............. 1857 to 1858
John S. Phelps...................... Missouri............... Democrat.............. 1858 to 1859
John Sherman........................ Ohio................... Republican............ 1859 to 1861
Thaddeus Stevens.................... Pennsylvania........... Republican............ 1861 to 1865
Justin S. Morrill................... Vermont................ Republican............ 1865 to 1867
Robert C. Schneck................... Ohio................... Republican............ 1867 to 1871
Samuel D. Hooper.................... Massachusetts.......... Republican............ 1871
Henry L. Dawes...................... Massachusetts.......... Republican............ 1871 to 1875
William R. Morrison................. Illinois............... Democrat.............. 1875 to 1877
Fernando Wood....................... New York............... Democrat.............. 1877 to 1881
John R. Tucker...................... Virginia............... Democrat.............. 1881
William D. Kelley................... Pennsylvania........... Republican............ 1881 to 1883
William R. Morrison................. Illinois............... Democrat.............. 1883 to 1887
Roger Q. Mills...................... Texas.................. Democrat.............. 1887 to 1889
William McKinley, Jr................ Ohio................... Republican............ 1889 to 1891
William M. Springer................. Illinois............... Democrat.............. 1891 to 1893
William L. Wilson................... West Virginia.......... Democrat.............. 1893 to 1895
Nelson Dingley, Jr.................. Maine.................. Republican............ 1895 to 1899
Sereno E. Payne..................... New York............... Republican............ 1899 to 1911
Oscar W. Underwood.................. Alabama................ Democrat.............. 1911 to 1915
Claude Kitchin...................... North Carolina......... Democrat.............. 1915 to 1919
Joseph W. Fordney................... Michigan............... Republican............ 1919 to 1923
William R. Green.................... Iowa................... Republican............ 1923 to 1928
Willis C. Hawley.................... Oregon................. Republican............ 1929 to 1931
James W. Collier.................... Mississippi............ Democrat.............. 1931 to 1933
Robert L. Doughton.................. North Carolina......... Democrat.............. 1933 to 1947, 1949
Harold Knutson...................... Minnesota.............. Republican............ 1947 to 1949
Daniel A. Reed...................... New York............... Republican............ 1953 to 1955
Jere Cooper......................... Tennessee.............. Democrat.............. 1955 to 1957
Wilbur D. Mills..................... Arkansas............... Democrat.............. 1957 to 1975
Al Ullman........................... Oregon................. Democrat.............. 1975 to 1981
Dan Rostenkowski.................... Illinois............... Democrat.............. 1981 to 1994
Sam Gibbons, Acting Chairman........ Florida................ Democrat.............. 1994 to 1995
Bill Archer......................... Texas.................. Republican............ 1995 to 2001
William W. Thomas................... California............. Republican............ 2001 to 2007
Charles B. Rangel................... New York............... Democrat.............. 2007 to 2010
Sander M. Levin, Acting Chairman.... Michigan............... Democrat.............. 2010 to 2011
Dave Camp........................... Michigan............... Republican............ 2011 to 2015
Paul Ryan........................... Wisconsin.............. Republican............ 2015
Kevin Brady......................... Texas.................. Republican............ 2015 to 2018
Richard E, Neal..................... Massachusetts.......... Democrat.............. 2019 to Present
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Tables Showing Membership of the Committee

MEMBERS OF THE COMMITTEE ON WAYS AND MEANS FROM THE 1ST THROUGH THE
117TH CONGRESS, BY STATE

[Beginning with the 104th Congress, Intra-Congress Committee Membership
changes are footnoted]

------------------------------------------------------------------------
MEMBERS CONGRESS(ES)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alabama:
John McKinley.............................. 23
David Hubbard.............................. 26
Dixon H. Lewis............................. 27-28
George S. Houston.......................... 29-30, 32-33
James F. Dowdell........................... 35
Hilary A. Herbert.......................... 48
Joseph Wheeler............................. 53-55
Oscar W. Underwood......................... 56, 59-63
Ronnie G. Flippo........................... 98-101
Arthur Davis............................... 110-111
Terri Sewell............................... 115 09
Arizona:
J.D. Hayworth.............................. 105-109
David Schweikert........................... 115-
Arkansas:
James K. Jones............................. 48
Clifton R. Breckinridge.................... 49-51, 53
William A. Oldfield........................ 64-70
Heartsill Ragon............................ 70-73
William J. Driver.......................... 72
Claude A. Fuller........................... 73-75
Wilbur D. Mills............................ 77-94
Jim Guy Tucker, Jr......................... 94
Beryl Anthony, Jr.......................... 95
Tim Griffin................................ 113
California:
Joseph McKenna............................. 51-52
Victor H. Metcalf.......................... 57-58
James C. Needham........................... 58-62
William H. Evans........................... 73
Frank H. Buck.............................. 74-77
Bertrand W. Gearhart....................... 76-80
Cecil R. King.............................. 78-79, 81-90
James B. Utt............................... 83, 86-91
James C. Corman............................ 90-96
Jerry L. Pettis............................ 91-94
William M. Ketchum......................... 94-95
Fortney Pete Stark......................... 94-112
John H. Rousselot.......................... 95-97
Robert T. Matsui........................... i97-104
William M. Thomas.......................... 98-109
Wally Herger............................... 103-112
Xavier Becerra............................. 103-114
Mike Thompson.............................. 109-
Devin Nunes................................ ii109-117
Linda Sanchez.............................. 113-
Judy Chu................................... iii115-
Jimmy Panetta.............................. 116-
Jimmy Gomez................................ 116-
Colorado:
Robert W. Bonynge.......................... 60
Charles B. Timberlake...................... 66-72
John A. Carroll............................ 81
Donald G. Brotzman......................... 92-93
George H. ``Hank'' Brown................... 100-101
Scott McInnis.............................. 106-108
Bob Beauprez............................... 109
Connecticut:
Jeremiah Watson............................ 1
Uriah Tracy................................ 3
James Hillhouse............................ 4
Nathaniel Smith............................ 4-5
Joshua Coit................................ 5
Roger Griswold............................. 5-8
John Davenport............................. 8
Jonathon O. Moseley........................ 9, 14, 16
Benjamin Tallmadge......................... 10-11
Timothy Pitkin............................. 12-13, 15
Ralph I. Ingersoll......................... 21-22
Samuel D. Hubbard.......................... 30
James Phelps............................... 45-46
Charles A. Russel.......................... 54-57
Ebenezer J. Hill........................... 58-62, 64-65
John Q. Tilson............................. 66-68
Antoni N. Sadlak........................... 83-85
William R. Cotter.......................... 94-97
Barbara B. Kennelly........................ 98-105
Nancy L. Johnson........................... 101-109
John B. Larson............................. 109-
Delaware:
John Vining................................ 1
Henry Latimer.............................. 3
John Patten................................ 4
James A. Bayard, Sr........................ 5, 7
Caesar A. Rodney........................... 8
Louis McLane............................... 16-19
Florida:
A. S. Herlong, Jr.......................... 84-90
Sam M. Gibbons............................. 91-104
L. A. ``Skip'' Bafalis..................... 94-97
E. Clay Shaw, Jr........................... 100-109
Karen L. Thurman........................... 105-107
Mark Foley................................. iv104-109
Kendrick Meek.............................. 110-111
Ginny Brown-Waite.......................... 111
Vern Buchanan.............................. 112-
Carlos Curbelo............................. 115
Stephanie Murphy........................... 116-117
Georgia:
James Jackson.............................. 1
Abraham Baldwin............................ 3-5
Benjamin Taliaferro........................ 6
John Milledge.............................. 7
David Meriwether........................... 8-9
William W. Bibb............................ 12-13
Joel Abbott................................ 15
Joel Crawford.............................. 15-16
Wiley Thompson............................. 17-18
George R. Gilmer........................... 20
Richard H. Wilde........................... 22-23
George W. Owens............................ 24-25
Charles E. Haynes.......................... 25
Mark A. Cooper............................. 26
Absalom H. Chappell........................ 28
Seaborn Jones.............................. 29
Robert Toombs.............................. 30-31
Alexander H. Stephens...................... 31-31, 33
Marshall J. Wellborn....................... 31
Howell Cobb................................ 34
Martin J. Crawford......................... 35-36
Benjamin H. Hill........................... 44
Henry R. Harris............................ 45, 49
William H. Felton.......................... 46
Emory Speer................................ 47
James H. Blount............................ 48
Henry G. Turner............................ 50-54
Charles F. Crisp........................... 54
James M. Griggs............................ 60-61
William G. Brantley........................ 61-62
Charles R. Crisp........................... 64-72
Albert S. Camp............................. 78-83
Phillip M. Landrum......................... 89-94
Ed Jenkins................................. 95-102
Wyche Fowler, Jr........................... 96-99
John Lewis................................. v103-116
Mac Collins................................ 104-108
John Linder................................ 109-111
Tom Price.................................. vi112-115
Drew Ferguson.............................. 115-
Hawaii:
Cecil ``Cec'' Heftel....................... 96-99
Illinois:
Daniel P. Cook............................. 19
John A. McClernand......................... 37
John Wentworth............................. 39
John A. Logan.............................. 40
Samuel S. Marshall......................... 41
Horatio C. Burchard........................ 42-45
William R. Morrison........................ 44, 46-49
William M. Springer........................ 52
Albert J. Hopkins.......................... 52-57
Henry S. Boutell........................... 58-61
Henry T. Rainey............................ 62-66, 68-72
John A. Sterling........................... 65
Ira C. Copley.............................. 66-67
Carl R. Chindblom.......................... 68-72
Chester C. Thompson........................ 74-75
Raymond S. McKeough........................ 76-77
Charles S. Dewey........................... 78
Thomas J. O'Brien.......................... 79, 81-88
Noah M. Mason.............................. 80-87
Harold C. Collier.......................... 88-93
Dan Rostenkowski........................... 88-103
Abner J. Mikva............................. 94-96
Philip M. Crane............................ 94-108
Marty Russo................................ 96-102
Mel Reynolds............................... 103
Jerry Weller............................... 105-110
Rahm Emanuel............................... 109-110
Danny K. Davis............................. 111, 113-
Peter Roskam............................... 111-
Aaron Schock............................... 112-114
Robert J. Dold............................. 114
Darin LaHood............................... vii115-
Brad Schneider............................. 116-
Indiana:
David Wallace.............................. 27
Cyrus L. Dunham............................ 32
William E. Niblack......................... 40, 43
Godlove S. Orth............................ 41
Michael C. Kerr............................ 42
Thomas M. Browne........................... 48-50
William D. Bynum........................... 50, 53
Benjamin F. Shively........................ 52
George W. Steele........................... 54-57
James E. Watson............................ 58-60
Edgar D. Crumpacker........................ 60-61
Lincoln Dixon.............................. 62-65
Harry C. Canfield.......................... 71-72
John W. Boehne, Jr......................... 73-77
Robert A. Grant............................ 80
Andy Jacobs, Jr............................ 94-104
Chris Chocola.............................. 109
Todd Young................................. 113-114
Jackie Walorski............................ xxiv115 -117
Iowa:
John A. Kasson............................. 38, 43, 47-48
William B. Allison......................... 39-41
John H. Gear............................... 51, 53
Jonathon P. Dolliver....................... 54-56
William R. Green........................... 63-70
C. William Ramseyer........................ 70-71
Otha D. Wearin............................. 75
Lloyd Thurston............................. 75
Thomas E. Martin........................... 80-83
Fred Grandy................................ 102-103
Jim Nussel................................. 104-109
Kansas:
Dudley C. Haskell.......................... 47
Chester I. Long............................ 56-57
Charles Curtis............................. 58-59
William A. Calderhead...................... 60-61
Victor Murdock............................. 63
Guy T. Helvering........................... 64-65
Frank Carlson.............................. 76-79
Martha E. Keys............................. 94-95
Lynn Jenkins............................... 112-115
Ron Estes.................................. 115-
Kentucky:
Alexander D. Orr........................... 3
Christopher Greenup........................ 4
Thomas T. Davis............................ 5
John Boyle................................. 8
Richard M. Johnson......................... 11-12
Thomas Montgomery.......................... 13
David Trimble.............................. 15-16
Nathan Gaither............................. 22
John Pope.................................. 25
Thomas F. Marshall......................... 27
Garrett Davis.............................. 28
Charles S. Morehead........................ 30-31
John C. Breckinridge....................... 33
Robert Mallory............................. 38
James B. Beck.............................. 42-43
Henry Watterson............................ 44
John G. Carlisle........................... 46-47, 51
Joseph C.S. Blackburn...................... 48
William C.P. Breckinridge.................. 49-50
Alexander B. Montgomery.................... 52-53
Walter Evans............................... 54-55
Ollie M. James............................. 62
Augustus O. Stanley........................ 63
Frederick M. Vinson........................ 72-75
Noble J. Gregory........................... 78-85
John C. Watts.............................. 86-92
Jim Bunning................................ 102-105
Ron Lewis.................................. 106-110
Geoff Davis................................ viii110-112
Louisiana:
Thomas B. Robertson........................ 14
William L. Brent........................... 19-20
Walter H. Overton.......................... 21
Lionel A. Sheldon.......................... 43
Randall L. Gibson.......................... 45-46
Charles J. Boatner......................... 54
Samuel F. Robertson........................ 55-59
Robert F. Boussard......................... 61
Whitmell P. Martin......................... 65-70
Paul H. Mahoney............................ 76, 78-79
Thomas Hale Boggs, Sr...................... 81-91
Joe D. Waggonner, Jr....................... 92-95
W. Henson Moore III........................ 96-99
William J. Jefferson....................... 103, ix105-109
Jim McCrery................................ 103-110
Jimmy Hayes................................ x104
Charles W. Boustany, Jr.................... 111-114
Cedric Richmond............................ xi116
Maine:
Peleg Sprague.............................. 19-20
Francis O.J. Smith......................... 24
George Evans............................... 26
Israel Washburn, Jr........................ 36
James G. Blaine............................ 44
William P. Frye............................ 46
Thomas B. Reed............................. 48-50, 52-53
Nelson Dingley, Jr......................... 51, 54-55
Daniel J. McGillicuddy..................... 64
Maryland:
William Smith.............................. 1
Gabriel Christie........................... 3
William Vans Murray........................ 4
William Hindman............................ 4-5
William Craik.............................. 5
Joseph H. Nicholson........................ 6-9
Nicholas R. Moore.......................... 8
Roger Nelson............................... 9
John Montgomery............................ 10-11
Alexander McKim............................ 13
Stevenson Archer........................... 13
Samuel Smith............................... 14-17
Isaac McKim................................ 18, 23-25
Henry W. Davis............................. 34-36
Phillip F. Thomas.......................... 44
David J. Lewis............................. 72-75
Rogers C.B. Morton......................... 91-92
Benjamin L. Cardin......................... 101-109
Massachusetts:
Elbridge Gerry............................. 1
Fisher Ames................................ 3
Theodore Sedgwick.......................... 4
Theophilus Bradbury........................ 4
Harrison Gray Otis......................... 5-6
Samuel Sewall.............................. 5
Isaac Parker............................... 5
Bailey Bartlett............................ 6
Nathan Read................................ 7
Seth Hastings.............................. 8
Josiah Quincy.............................. 9
Ezekial Bacon.............................. 11-12
Ebenezer Seaver............................ 11
Henry Shaw................................. 16
Henry W. Dwight............................ 19-21
Benjamin Gorham............................ 23
Abbott Lawrence............................ 24, 26
Richard Fletcher........................... 25
George N. Briggs........................... 25
Leverett Saltonstall....................... 26
Robert C. Winthrop......................... 29
Charles Hudson............................. 30
George Ashmun.............................. 31
William Appleton........................... 32-33, 37
Alexander De Witt.......................... 34
Nathaniel P. Banks......................... 35, 45
Samuel Hooper.............................. 37-41
Henry L. Dawes............................. 42-43
Chester W. Chapin.......................... 44
William A. Russell......................... 47-48
Moses T. Stevens........................... 52-53
Samuel W. McCall........................... 56-62
Andrew J. Peters........................... 62-63
Augustus P. Gardner........................ 63-65
John T. Mitchell........................... 63
Allen T. Treadway.......................... 65-78
Peter F. Tague............................. 67-68
John W. McCormack.......................... 72-76
Arthur D. Healey........................... 77
Charles L Gifford.......................... 79-80
Angier L. Goodwin.......................... 80, 82-83
James A. Burke............................. 87-95
James M. Shannon........................... 96-98
Brian J. Donnelly.......................... 99-102
Richard E. Neal............................ 103-
Michigan:
William A. Howard.......................... 34-36
Austin Blair............................... 41
Henry Waldron.............................. 43
Omar D. Conger............................. 46
Jay A. Hubbell............................. 47
William C. Maybury......................... 49
Julius C. Burrows.......................... 50-53
Justin R. Whiting.......................... 52-53
William A. Smith........................... 59
Joseph W. Fordney.......................... 60-67
James C. McLaughlin........................ 68-72
Roy O. Woodruff............................ 73-82
John D. Dingell............................ 74-84
Victor A. Knox............................. 83, 86-88
Thaddeus M. Machrowicz..................... 84-87
Martha W. Griffiths........................ 87-93
Charles E. Chamberlain..................... 91-93
Richard F. Vander Veen..................... 93-94
Guy Vander Jagt............................ 94-102
William M. Brodhead........................ 95-97
Sander M. Levin............................ 100-
Dave Camp.................................. 103-113
Mike Bishop................................ xii115
Dan Kildee................................. 116-
Minnesota:
Mark A. Dunnell............................ 46-47
James A. Tawney............................ 54-58
James T. McCleary.......................... 59
Winfield S. Hammond........................ 62-63
Sydney Anderson............................ 63
Harold Knutson............................. 73-80
Eugene J. McCarthy......................... 84-85
Joseph E. Karth............................ 92-94
Bill Frenzel............................... 94-101
Jim Ramstad................................ 104-110
Erik Paulsen............................... 111-115
Mississippi:
Jacob Thompson............................. 31
John Sharp Williams........................ 58-59
James W. Collier........................... 63-72
Aaron Lane Ford............................ 7
Missouri:
James S. Green............................. 31
John S. Phelps............................. 32-37
Henry T. Blow.............................. 38
John Hogan................................. 39
Gustavus A. Finkelburg..................... 42
John C. Tarsney............................ 53-54
Seth W. Cobb............................... 54
Champ Clark................................ 58-61
Dorsey W. Shackleford...................... 62-63
Clement C. Dickinson....................... 63-66, 68-70, 72-73
Charles L. Faust........................... 69-70
Richard M. Duncan.......................... 74-77
Thomas B. Curtis........................... 83-90
Frank M. Karsten........................... 84-90
Richard A. Gephardt........................ 95-101
Mel Hancock................................ 103-104
Kenny Hulshof.............................. 105-110
Jason Smith................................ 114-
Montana:
Lee W. Metcalf............................. 86
James F. Battin............................ 89-91
Nebraska:
William J. Bryan........................... 52-53
Charles H. Sloan........................... 63-65
Ashton C. Shallenberger.................... 73
Carl T. Curtis............................. 79-83
Hal Daub................................... 99-100
Peter Hoagland............................. 103
Jon Christensen............................ 104-105
Adrian Smith............................... 112-
Nevada:
Francis G. Newlands........................ 56-57
John Ensign................................ 104-105
Jon Porter................................. 109-110
Shelley Berkley............................ 110-112
Dean Heller................................ xiii111-112
Steven Horsford............................ 116-
New Hampshire:
Samuel Livermore........................... 1
Nicholas Gilman............................ 3-4
Abiel Foster............................... 5
Nathaniel A. Haven......................... 11
Henry Hubbard.............................. 23
Charles G. Atherton........................ 25-27
Moses Norris, Jr........................... 28-29
Harry Hibbard.............................. 31-33
Judd A. Gregg.............................. 99-100
New Jersey:
Lambert Cadwalader......................... 1
Elias Boudinot............................. 3
Isaac Smith................................ 4
Thomas Sinnickson.......................... 5
James H. Imlay............................. 6
William Coxe, Jr........................... 13
John L. N. Stratton........................ 37
William Hughes............................. 62
Isaac Bacharach............................ 66-74
Donald H. McLean........................... 76-78
Robert W. Kean............................. 78-85
Henry Helstoski............................ 94
Frank J. Guarini........................... 96-102
Dick Zimmer................................ 104
Bill Pascrell.............................. 110-
New Mexico:
Clinton P. Anderson........................ 79
New York:
John Laurance.............................. 1
John Watts................................. 3
Ezekial Gilbert............................ 4
James Cochran.............................. 5
Hezekiah L. Hosmer......................... 5
Jonas Platt................................ 6
Killian K. Van Rensselaer.................. 7
Joshua Sands............................... 8
Erastus Root............................... 11
John W. Taylor............................. 13
Jonathon Fisk.............................. 13
Thomas J. Oakley........................... 13
James W. Wilkin............................ 14
James Tallmadge, Jr........................ 15
Albert H. Tracy............................ 16
Nathaniel Pitcher.......................... 17
Churchill C. Cambreleng.................... 17-18, 23-25
Dudley Marvin.............................. 19
Gulian C. Verplanck........................ 20-22
Aaron Vanderpoel........................... 26
Millard Filmore............................ 27
Daniel D. Barnard.......................... 28
David L. Seymour........................... 28
George O. Rathbun.......................... 28
Orville Hungerford......................... 29
Henry Nicoll............................... 30
James Brooks............................... 31-32, 39-40, 42
William Duer............................... 31
Solomon G. Haven........................... 33
Russell Sage............................... 34
John Kelly................................. 35
William B. MacLay..........................
Elbridge G. Spaulding...................... 36-37
Erastus Corning............................ 37
Reuben E. Fenton........................... 38
De Witt C. Littlejohn...................... 38
Henry G. Stebbins.......................... 38
John V. L. Pruyn........................... 38
Roscoe Conkling............................ 39
Charles H. Winfield........................ 39
John A. Griswold........................... 40
Dennis McCarthy............................ 41
Ellis H. Roberts........................... 42-43
Fernando Wood.............................. 43-46
Abram S. Hewitt............................ 48-49
Frank Hiscock.............................. 48-49
Sereno E. Payne............................ 51-63
Roswell P. Flower.......................... 51
William B. Cochran......................... 52-53, 58-60
George B. McClellan........................ 55-58
John W. Dwight............................. 61
Francis B. Harrison........................ 61-63
Michael F. Conry........................... 64
George W. Fairchild........................ 64-65
John F. Carew.............................. 65-71
Luther W. Mott............................. 66-67
Alanson B. Houghton........................ 67
Ogden L. Mills............................. 67-69
Frank Crowther............................. 68-77
Thaddeus C. Sweet.......................... 70
Frederick M. Davenport..................... 70-71
Thomas H. Cullen........................... 71-78
Christopher D. Sullivan.................... 72-76
Daniel A. Reed............................. 73-86
Walter A. Lynch............................ 78-81
Eugene J. Keogh............................ 82-89
Albert H. Bosch............................ 86
Steven B. Derounin......................... 87-88
Barber B. Conable, Jr...................... 90-98
Jacob H. Gilbert........................... 90-91
Hugh L. Carey.............................. 91-93
Otis G. Pike............................... 93-95
Charles B. Rangel.......................... 94-114
Thomas J. Downey........................... 96-102
Raymond J. McGrath......................... 99-102
Michael R. McNulty......................... 103, xiv104-110
Amo Houghton............................... 103-108
Thomas M. Reynolds......................... 109-110
Joseph Crowley............................. 110-115
Brian Higgins.............................. 111-
Christopher Lee............................ xv112
Tom Reed................................... xvi112-117
Tom Suozzi................................. 116-117
North Carolina:
William B. Grove........................... 3
Thomas Blount.............................. 4-5
Robert Williams............................ 5
David Stone................................ 6
James Holland.............................. 7
Willis Alston.............................. 10-11, 13
William Gaston............................. 13-14
Abraham Rencher............................ 25, 27
Henry W. Conner............................ 26
James I. McKay............................. 28-30
Edward Stanly.............................. 32
William M. Robbins......................... 45
Edward W. Pou.............................. 60-61
Claude Kitchin............................. 62-67
Robert L. Doughton......................... 69-82
James G. Martin............................ 94-98
Bob Etheridge.............................. 111
George Holding............................. 115-116
Greg Murphy................................ 117-
North Dakota:
Martin N. Johnson.......................... 54-55
George M. Young............................ 66-68
Byron L. Dorgan............................ 98-102
Earl Pomeroy............................... 107-111
Rick Berg.................................. 112
Ohio:
William Creighton, Jr...................... 13
Thomas R. Ross............................. 16
Thomas Corwin.............................. 23-24
Thomas L. Hamer............................ 25
Taylor Webster............................. 25
Samson Mason............................... 26-27
John B. Weller............................. 28
Samuel F. Vinton........................... 29-31
Lewis B. Campbell.......................... 34-35
John Sherman............................... 36
Valentine B. Horton........................ 37
George B. Pendleton........................ 38
James A. Garfield.......................... 39, 44-46
Robert C. Schenck.......................... 40-41
Charles Foster............................. 43
Milton Sayler.............................. 45
William McKinley, Jr....................... 46-47, 49-51
Frank H. Hurd.............................. 48
Charles H. Grosvenor....................... 53-59
Nicholas Longworth......................... 60-62, 64-67
Timothy T. Ansberry........................ 62-63
Alfred G. Allen............................ 64
George White............................... 65
Charles C. Kearns.......................... 68-71
Charles F. West............................ 73
Thomas A. Jenkins.......................... 73-85
Arthur P. Lamneck.......................... 74-75
Stephen M. Young........................... 81
Jackson E. Betts........................... 86-92
Donald D. Clancy........................... 93-94
Charles A. Vanik........................... 89-96
Bill Gradison.............................. 95-103
Don J. Please.............................. 97-102
Rob Portman................................ xvii104-109
Stephanie Tubbs Jones...................... xviii108-110
Pat Tiberi................................. xix110-115
Jim Renacci................................ 113-115
Brad Wenstrup.............................. xx115-
Oklahoma:
Thomas A. Chandler......................... 67
James V. McClintic......................... 73
Wesley E. Disney........................... 74-78
James R. Jones............................. 94-99
Bill K. Brewster........................... 103
Wes Watkins................................ 105-107
Oregon:
William R. Ellis........................... 61
Willis C. Hawkley.......................... 65-72
Albert C. Ullman........................... 87-96
Mike Kopetski.............................. 103
Earl Blumenauer............................ 110-
Pennsylvania:
Thomas Fitzsimons.......................... 1, 3
Albert Gallatin............................ 4-6
Henry Woods................................ 6
John Smilie................................ 6-7, 10-12
Joseph Clay................................ 8-9
John Rea................................... 11
Jonathon Roberts........................... 12-13
Samuel D. Ingham........................... 13-14, 18
John Sergeant.............................. 15, 25
John Tod................................... 17
John Gilmore............................... 21-22
Horace Binney.............................. 23
Richard Biddle............................. 26
Joseph R. Insersoll........................ 24, 27-29
James Pollock.............................. 30
Moses Hampton.............................. 31
J. Glancy Jones............................ 32, 35
John Robbins............................... 33
James H. Campbell.......................... 34
Henry M. Phillips.......................... 35
Thaddeus Stevens........................... 36-38
James K. Moorehead......................... 39-40
William D. Kelley.......................... 41-50
Russell Errett............................. 47
Samuel J. Randall.......................... 47
William L. Scott........................... 50
Thomas M. Bayne............................ 51
John Dalzell............................... 52-62
John J. Casey.............................. 64, 68
Henry W. Watson............................ 66-73
Harris J. Bixler........................... 69
Harry A. Estep............................. 70-72
Thomas C. Cochran.......................... 73
Joshua T. Brooks........................... 74
Patrick J. Bolland......................... 76-77
Benjamin Jarrett........................... 76-77
James P. McGranery......................... 77-78
Herman P. Eberharter....................... 78-85
Richard M. Simpson......................... 78-86
William J. Green, Jr....................... 86-88
John A. Lafore, Jr......................... 86
Walter M. Mumma............................ 86-87
George M. Rhodes........................... 88-90
Herman T. Schneebeli....................... 87-94
William J. Green, III...................... 90-94
Raymond F. Lederer......................... 95-96
Dick Schulze............................... 95-102
Donald A. Bailey........................... 97
William J. Coyne........................... 99-107
Rick Santorum.............................. 103
Philip S. English.......................... 104-110
Melissa A. Hart............................ 109
Alyson V. Schwartz......................... 110-111, 113
Jim Gerlach................................ 112-113
Mike Kelly................................. 113-
Pat Meehan................................. xxi114-115
Brendan Boyle............................. 116-
Dwight Evans.............................. 116-
Lloyd Smucker.............................. 117-
Rhode Island:
Benjamin Bourne............................ 3-4
Francis Malbone............................ 4
Elisha R. Potter........................... 4
Christopher G. Champlin.................... 5
John Brown................................. 6
Joseph Stanton, Jr......................... 8
Daniel L. D. Granger....................... 59-60
George F. O'Shaunessy...................... 65
Richard S. Aldrich......................... 69-72
Aime J. Forand............................. 78-86
South Carolina:
William L. Smith........................... 3-5
Robert Goodloe Harper...................... 5-6
Abraham Nott............................... 6
David R. Williams.......................... 9
Langdon Cheves............................. 12
Theodore Gourdin........................... 13
William Lowndes............................ 13-15
John Taylor................................ 14
Thomas R. Mitchell......................... 17
George McDuffie............................ 18-22
R. Barnwell Rhett.......................... 25-26
Francis W. Pickens......................... 27
John L. McLaurin........................... 54-55
Ken Holland................................ 95-97
Carroll A. Campbell, Jr.................... 98-99
Tom Rice................................... 114
South Dakota:
Kristi Noem................................ 114-115
Tennessee:
Andrew Jackson............................. 4
William C.C. Claibrone..................... 5
William Dickson............................ 7, 9
George W. Campbell......................... 10
Bennett H. Henderson....................... 14
Francis Jones.............................. 16-17
James K. Polk.............................. 22-23
Cave Johnson............................... 24
George W. Jones............................ 31-34
Horace Maynard............................. 37, 40-42
Benton McMillan............................ 49-55
James D. Richardson........................ 55-57
Cordell Hull............................... 62-66, 68-71
Edward E. Eslick........................... 72
Jere Cooper................................ 72-85
Howard H. Baker............................ 83-88
James B. Frazier, Jr....................... 85-87
Ross Bass.................................. 88
Richard H. Fulton.......................... 89-94
John J. Duncan............................. 92-100
Harold E. Ford............................. 94-104
Don Sundquist.............................. 101-103
John S. Tanner............................. 105-111
Diane Black................................ 112-115
David Kustoff.............................. 117-
Texas:
John Hancock............................... 44
Roger Q. Mills............................. 46, 48-51
Joseph W. Bailey........................... 55
Samuel B. Cooper........................... 56-58
Choice B. Randell.......................... 60-62
John N. Gardner............................ 63-71
Morgan G. Sanders.......................... 72-75
Milton H. West............................. 76-80
Jesse M. Combs............................. 81-82
Frank N. Ikard............................. 84-87
Bruce Alger................................ 86-88
Clark W. Thompson.......................... 87-89
George H. W. Bush.......................... 90-91
Omar T. Burleson........................... 90-95
Bill Archer................................ 93-106
J.J. Pickle................................ 94-103
Kent R. Hance.............................. 97-98
Michael A. Andrews......................... 99-103
Sam Johnson................................ 104-115
Greg Laughlin.............................. xxii104
Lloyd Doggett.............................. 104-
Kevin Brady................................ 107-
Max Sandlin................................ 108
Kenny Marchant............................. xxiii112-116
Jodey Arrington............................ 116-
Utah:
Walter K. Granger.......................... 82
Vermont:
Daniel Buck................................ 4
Israel Smith............................... 3-4, 7
Lewis R. Morris............................ 5
James Fisk................................. 10, 12
Horace Everett............................. 25
Justin S. Morrill.......................... 35-39
Virginia:
James Madison.............................. 1, 3-4
William B. Giles........................... 5
Richard Brent.............................. 5
Walter Jones............................... 5
Leven Powell............................... 6
John Nicholas.............................. 6
John Randolph.............................. 7-9, 20
James M. Garnett........................... 9
John W. Eppes.............................. 10-11, 13
William A. Burwell......................... 12, 14-16
James Pleasants............................ 12-13
John Tyler................................. 16
Andrew Stevenson........................... 17-19
Alexander Smyth............................ 20-21
Philip P. Barbour.......................... 21
Mark Alexander............................. 21-22
George Loyall.............................. 23-24
John W. Jones.............................. 25-27
John M. Botts.............................. 27
Thomas W. Gilmore.......................... 27
Thomas H. Bayly............................ 28, 31
George C. Dromgoole........................ 28-29
James McDowell............................. 30
John Letcher............................... 34-35
John S. Millson............................ 36
John R. Tucker............................. 44-47
Claude A. Swanson.......................... 55-58
A. Willis Robertson........................ 75-79
Burr P. Harrison........................... 82, 84-87
W. Pat Jennings............................ 88-89
Joel T. Broyhill........................... 88-93
Joseph L. Fisher........................... 94-96
L.F. Payne................................. 103-104
Eric Cantor................................ 108-111
Don Beyer.................................. 116-
Virgin Islands:
Stacy Plaskett............................ 117-
Washington:
Francis W. Cushman......................... 61
Lindley H. Hadley.......................... 66-72
Samuel B. Hill............................. 71-74
Knute Hill................................. 77
Otis H. Holmes............................. 80-85
Rodney D. Chandler......................... 100-102
Jim McDermott.............................. 102-
Jennifer Dunn.............................. 104-108
Dave Reichert.............................. 110-115
Suzan DelBene.............................. 115-
West Virginia:
William L. Wilson.......................... 50, 52-53
Joseph H. Gaines........................... 60-61
George M. Bowers........................... 66-67
Hubert S. Ellis............................ 80
Carol Miller............................... 117-
Wisconsin:
Charles Billinghurst....................... 34
Robert M. La Follette...................... 1
Joseph W. Babcock.......................... 57-59
James A. Frear............................. 66-68, 71-73
Thaddeus F. B. Wasielewski................. 78-79
John W. Byrnes............................. 80-92
William A. Steiger......................... 94-95
Jim Moody.................................. 100-102
Gerald D. Kleczka.......................... 103-105
Paul Ryan.................................. 106-114
Ron Kind................................... 114-
Gwen Moore................................. 116-
------------------------------------------------------------------------
iReelected to the 109th Congress; died January 1, 2005.
iiAppointed May 5, 2005; Resigned December 6, 2021.
iiiAppointed February 7, 2017.
ivResigned September 29, 2006.
vDied, July 17, 2020.
viResigned February 10, 2017.
viiAppointed January 9, 2018.
viiiResigned July 31, 2012.
ixAppointed January 25, 1996.
xAppointed January 25, 1996.
xiAppointed September 22, 2020.
xiiAppointed February 14, 2017.
xiiiAppointed to Senate April 27, 2011.
xivDied August 20, 2008.
xvResigned February 9, 2011.
xviAppointed June 13, 2011, Resigned May 10, 2022.
xviiResigned April 29, 2005.
xviiiDied August 21, 2008.
xixResigned January 15, 2018.
xxAppointed May 16, 2018.
xxiResigned April 27, 2018.
xxiiAppointed July 10, 1995.
xxiiiAppointed March 15, 2011.
xxivDied August 3, 2022.

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