[House Report 117-215]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]


117th Congress }                                          { Report
                        HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
 1st Session   }                                          { 117-215

======================================================================
 
                COMBATING INTERNATIONAL ISLAMOPHOBIA ACT

                                _______
                                

 December 13, 2021.--Committed to the Committee of the Whole House on 
            the State of the Union and ordered to be printed

                                _______
                                

    Mr. Meeks, from the Committee on Foreign Affairs, submitted the 
                               following

                              R E P O R T

                             together with

                            DISSENTING VIEWS

                        [To accompany H.R. 5665]

    The Committee on Foreign Affairs, to whom was referred the 
bill (H.R. 5665) to establish in the Department of State the 
Office to Monitor and Combat Islamophobia, and for other 
purposes, having considered the same, reports favorably thereon 
with amendments and recommends that the bill as amended do 
pass.

                                CONTENTS

                                                                   Page
The Amendments...................................................     2
Purpose and Summary..............................................     2
Background and Need for Legislation..............................     3
Hearings.........................................................     3
Committee Consideration..........................................     4
Committee Oversight Findings.....................................    12
New Budget Authority, Tax Expenditures, and Federal Mandates.....    12
Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate........................    13
Non-Duplication of Federal Programs..............................    13
Performance Goals and Objectives.................................    13
Congressional Accountability Act.................................    13
New Advisory Committees..........................................    13
Earmark Identification...........................................    13
Section-by-Section Analysis......................................    13
Dissenting Views.................................................    15
Changes in Existing Law Made by the Bill, as Reported............    18

                             The Amendments

    The amendments are as follows:
  Page 2, line 20, strike ``Secretary of State'' and insert 
``President, by and with the advice and consent of the 
Senate,''.

  Page 2, line 21, strike ``Secretary'' and insert 
``President''.

  Page 2, line 22, strike ``Secretary'' and insert 
``President''.

  Page 2, line 24, insert ``of State'' after ``Secretary''.

  Page 5, line 10, strike ``; and'' and insert a semicolon.

  Page 5, beginning line 12, strike ``;'' the first place it 
appears and insert ``; and''.

  Page 5, line 12, insert the following at the end of the 
matter to be added as paragraph (9) (and before the close 
quotation marks):

                  (F) any instances of forced labor, 
                reeducation, or the presence of concentration 
                camps, such as those targeting the Uyghurs in 
                the Xinjiang Province of the People's Republic 
                of China;
  Page 6, line 15, strike ``; and'' and insert a semicolon.

  Page 6, line 17, strike the period the first place it appears 
and insert ``; and''.

  Page 6, line 17, insert the following at the end of the 
matter to be added as subsection (k) (and before the close 
quotation marks):

          (6) any instances of forced labor, reeducation, or 
        the presence of concentration camps, such as those 
        targeting the Uyghurs in the Xinjiang Province of the 
        People's Republic of China.
  Page 7, line 16, strike ``; and'' and insert a semicolon.

  Page 7, line 25, strike the period the first place it appears 
and insert ``; and''.

  Page 7, line 25, insert the following at the end of the 
matter to be added as clause (viii) (and before the close 
quotation marks):

                                  (III) any instances of forced 
                                labor, reeducation, or the 
                                presence of concentration 
                                camps, such as those targeting 
                                the Uyghurs in the Xinjiang 
                                Province of the People's 
                                Republic of China.
  Add at the end the following:

SEC. 4. PROHIBITION.

  No funds made available pursuant to this Act or an amendment 
made by this Act may be used to promote or endorse a Boycott, 
Divestment, Sanctions (BDS) movement ideology or used to 
promote or endorse a Muslim ban, such as the one instituted by 
former President Trump.

                          Purpose and Summary

    H.R. 5665, the Combating International Islamophobia Act, 
serves to establish an Office to Monitor and Combat 
Islamophobia within the Department of State. It would provide 
the Secretary of State the authority to appoint a Special Envoy 
for Monitoring and Combating Islamophobia. It would also 
provide for enhanced reporting on Islamophobic activities in 
foreign countries in State Department human rights reporting.

                  Background and Need for Legislation

    Both in the United States and around the world, anti-Muslim 
sentiment and violence has risen at an alarming rate. In the 
days following the terror attacks on 9/11, hate crimes against 
Muslims in the United States rose a staggering 1,617% from 2000 
to 2001, according to the Federal Bureau of Investigation. 
Twenty years after those attacks, Islamophobia continues to 
remain rampant.
    Islamophobic incidents against Muslim Americans have 
resulted in hate crimes of various forms. Mosques have been 
vandalized, Muslims have been beaten and attacked, and elected 
officials have received death threats and other forms of 
hateful rhetoric on the basis of their faith. According to the 
Department of Homeland Security, Islamophobia is one of several 
drivers from which domestic violent extremism, described by 
Secretary Alejandro Mayorkas as the ``most lethal and 
persistent terrorism-related threat to our country today,'' is 
inspired.
    Islamophobia is a global problem. Muslim refugees have been 
met with xenophobia around the world. In 2019, 51 Muslim 
worshippers were murdered and 40 others were left injured by a 
gunman in a New Zealand mosque, the worst in the nation's 
history. Since 2017, nearly a million Muslim ethnic Rohingya 
are estimated to have fled widespread atrocities and human 
rights abuses in Burma. In addition, the world is bearing 
witness to a horrific genocide being committed by the People's 
Republic of China against Uyghur Muslims, with over a million 
detained and subjected to mass internment, political 
indoctrination, forced labor, and other unconscionable abuses.
    By harnessing the Department of State's resources and 
status as a global leader in promoting peace and human rights, 
a Special Envoy for Monitoring and Combating Islamophobia would 
be uniquely positioned to combat the rising tide of 
Islamophobia.

                                Hearings

    In compliance with clause 3(c) of rule XIII of the Rules of 
the House of Representatives, the following Committee or 
Subcommittee hearings were used to develop or consider H.R. 
5665, the Combating International Islamophobia Act:
    On February 24, 2021, the Full Committee hearing entitled, 
``Restoring Diplomacy and Development in a Fracturing World.'' 
Witnesses included Anne-Marie Slaughter, CEO of New America; 
the Honorable Gayle Smith, CEO of One Campaign; the Honorable 
Reuben Brigety, Vice Chancellor of the University of the South; 
the Honorable Ryan Crocker, Nonresident Senior Fellow of 
Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.
    On March 10, 2021, the Full Committee hearing entitled, 
``The Biden Administration's Priorities for U.S. Foreign 
Policy.'' The hearing witness was the Honorable Secretary of 
State Antony Blinken, the 71st United States Secretary of 
State.
    On May 6, 2021, the Full Committee hearing entitled, ``The 
Atrocities Against Uyghurs and Other Minorities in Xinjiang.'' 
Witnesses included the Honorable Nury Turkel, Chairman of the 
Board of the Uyghur Human Rights Project; Tursunay Ziyawudun, 
survivor and advocate; James A. Millward, Professor of Inter-
Societal History in the Walsh School of Foreign Service, 
Georgetown University.
    On June 7, 2021, the Full Committee hearing entitled, ``The 
State Department's Foreign Policy Strategy and FY22 Budget 
Request.'' The hearing witness was the Honorable Antony 
Blinken, the 71st United States Secretary of State.
    On June 16, 2021, the Full Committee hearing entitled, 
``The Biden Administration's Priorities for Engagement with the 
United Nations.'' The hearing witness was the Honorable Linda 
Thomas-Greenfield, the 31st United States Ambassador to the 
United Nations.

                        Committee Consideration

    The Committee considered H.R. 5665, the Combating 
International Islamophobia Act on December 9, 2021 and December 
10, 2021, and ordered the measure, as amended, to be favorably 
reported to the House of Representatives (roll call 27Y-16N).

Amendments considered separately:

     Mast Amendment #63: Requires the inclusion of 
intra-communal violence to be considered Islamophobic (not 
adopted, roll call vote 26N-17Y)

          Members voting NO (26)
          Gregory W. Meeks, D-NY
          Brad Sherman, D-CA
          Albio Sires, D-NJ
          Gerald E. Connolly, D-VA
          Theodore E. Deutch, D-FL
          Karen Bass, D-CA
          William R. Keating, D-MA
          David N. Cicilline, D-RI
          Ami Bera, D-CA
          Joaquin Castro, D-TX
          Dina Titus, D-NV
          Ted Lieu, D-CA
          Susan Wild, D-PA
          Dean Phillips, D-MN
          Ilhan Omar, D-MN
          Colin Allred, D-TX
          Andy Levin, D-MI
          Abigail Spanberger, D-VA
          Chrissy Houlahan, D-PA
          Tom Malinowski, D-NJ
          Andy Kim, D-NJ
          Kathy Manning, D-NC
          Jim Costa, D-CA
          Juan Vargas, D-CA
          Vicente Gonzalez, D-TX
          Brad Schneider, D-IL

          Members voting AYE (17)
          Michael T. McCaul, R-TX
          Steve Chabot, R-OH
          Joe Wilson, R-SC
          Scott Perry, R-PA
          Darrell Issa, R-OH
          Lee Zeldin, R-NY
          Ann Wagner, R-MO
          Brian Mast, R-FL
          Brian Fitzpatrick, R-PA
          Tim Burchett, R-TN
          Andy Barr, R-KY
          Greg Steube, R-FL
          Dan Meuser, R-PA
          Claudia Tenney, R-NY
          August Pfluger, R-TX
          Nicole Malliotakis, R-NY
          Peter Meijer, R-MI

     Mast Amendment #64: Requires the advice and 
consent of the Senate for special envoy position (adopted, 
voice vote)
     Chabot Amendment #30: Provides a definition 
limiting what could be considered Islamophobic (not adopted, 
roll call vote 27N-17Y)

          Members voting NO (27)
          Gregory W. Meeks, D-NY
          Brad Sherman, D-CA
          Albio Sires, D-NJ
          Gerald E. Connolly, D-VA
          Theodore E. Deutch, D-FL
          Karen Bass, D-CA
          William R. Keating, D-MA
          David N. Cicilline, D-RI
          Ami Bera, D-CA
          Joaquin Castro, D-TX
          Dina Titus, D-NV
          Ted Lieu, D-CA
          Susan Wild, D-PA
          Dean Phillips, D-MN
          Ilhan Omar, D-MN
          Colin Allred, D-TX
          Andy Levin, D-MI
          Abigail Spanberger, D-VA
          Chrissy Houlahan, D-PA
          Tom Malinowski, D-NJ
          Andy Kim, D-NJ
          Sara Jacobs, D-CA
          Kathy Manning, D-NC
          Jim Costa, D-CA
          Juan Vargas, D-CA
          Vicente Gonzalez, D-TX
          Brad Schneider, D-IL

          Members voting AYE (17)
          Michael T. McCaul, R-TX
          Steve Chabot, R-OH
          Joe Wilson, R-SC
          Scott Perry, R-PA
          Darrell Issa, R-OH
          Lee Zeldin, R-NY
          Ann Wagner, R-MO
          Brian Mast, R-FL
          Brian Fitzpatrick, R-PA
          Tim Burchett, R-TN
          Andy Barr, R-KY
          Greg Steube, R-FL
          Dan Meuser, R-PA
          Claudia Tenney, R-NY
          August Pfluger, R-TX
          Nicole Malliotakis, R-NY
          Peter Meijer, R-MI

     Pfluger Amendment #64: Prohibits funds used to 
promote or endorse a BDS movement (adopted, voice vote)
     Malinowski Amendment #4 to Pfluger Amendment #64: 
Prohibits funds to be used to promote or endorse a Muslim Ban 
(adopted, voice vote)
     Green Amendment #68: Adds forced labor, 
reeducation, or concentration camps targeted at Muslim 
populations as a specific type of Islamophobia (adopted, roll 
call vote 39Y-5N)

          Members voting AYE (39)
          Gregory W. Meeks, D-NY
          Brad Sherman, D-CA
          Albio Sires, D-NJ
          Gerald E. Connolly, D-VA
          Theodore E. Deutch, D-FL
          Karen Bass, D-CA
          William R. Keating, D-MA
          David N. Cicilline, D-RI
          Ami Bera, D-CA
          Dina Titus, D-NV
          Ted Lieu, D-CA
          Susan Wild, D-PA
          Dean Phillips, D-MN
          Abigail Spanberger, D-VA
          Chrissy Houlahan, D-PA
          Tom Malinowski, D-NJ
          Andy Kim, D-NJ
          Kathy Manning, D-NC
          Jim Costa, D-CA
          Juan Vargas, D-CA
          Vicente Gonzalez, D-TX
          Brad Schneider, D-IL
          Michael T. McCaul, R-TX
          Steve Chabot, R-OH
          Joe Wilson, R-SC
          Scott Perry, R-PA
          Darrell Issa, R-OH
          Lee Zeldin, R-NY
          Ann Wagner, R-MO
          Brian Mast, R-FL
          Brian Fitzpatrick, R-PA
          Tim Burchett, R-TN
          Andy Barr, R-KY
          Greg Steube, R-FL
          Dan Meuser, R-PA
          Claudia Tenney, R-NY
          August Pfluger, R-TX
          Nicole Malliotakis, R-NY
          Peter Meijer, R-MI

          Members voting NO (5)
          Joaquin Castro, D-TX
          Ilhan Omar, D-MN
          Colin Allred, D-TX
          Andy Levin, D-MI
          Sara Jacobs, D-CA

     Perry Amendment #444: Prohibits the office from 
assessing any action, including counterterrorism measures taken 
by the Israeli government (not adopted, roll call vote 27N-16Y)

          Members voting NO (27)
          Gregory W. Meeks, D-NY
          Brad Sherman, D-CA
          Albio Sires, D-NJ
          Gerald E. Connolly, D-VA
          Theodore E. Deutch, D-FL
          Karen Bass, D-CA
          William R. Keating, D-MA
          David N. Cicilline, D-RI
          Ami Bera, D-CA
          Joaquin Castro, D-TX
          Dina Titus, D-NV
          Ted Lieu, D-CA
          Susan Wild, D-PA
          Dean Phillips, D-MN
          Ilhan Omar, D-MN
          Colin Allred, D-TX
          Andy Levin, D-MI
          Abigail Spanberger, D-VA
          Chrissy Houlahan, D-PA
          Tom Malinowski, D-NJ
          Andy Kim, D-NJ
          Sara Jacobs, D-CA
          Kathy Manning, D-NC
          Jim Costa, D-CA
          Juan Vargas, D-CA
          Vicente Gonzalez, D-TX
          Brad Schneider, D-IL

          Members voting AYE (16)
          Michael T. McCaul, R-TX
          Steve Chabot, R-OH
          Joe Wilson, R-SC
          Scott Perry, R-PA
          Lee Zeldin, R-NY
          Ann Wagner, R-MO
          Brian Mast, R-FL
          Brian Fitzpatrick, R-PA
          Tim Burchett, R-TN
          Andy Barr, R-KY
          Greg Steube, R-FL
          Dan Meuser, R-PA
          Claudia Tenney, R-NY
          August Pfluger, R-TX
          Nicole Malliotakis, R-NY
          Peter Meijer, R-MI

     Chabot Amendment #31: Restricts the Office to 
focus solely on the Uyghur genocide (not adopted, roll call 
vote 27N-16Y)

          Members voting NO (27)
          Gregory W. Meeks, D-NY
          Brad Sherman, D-CA
          Albio Sires, D-NJ
          Gerald E. Connolly, D-VA
          Theodore E. Deutch, D-FL
          Karen Bass, D-CA
          William R. Keating, D-MA
          David N. Cicilline, D-RI
          Ami Bera, D-CA
          Joaquin Castro, D-TX
          Dina Titus, D-NV
          Ted Lieu, D-CA
          Susan Wild, D-PA
          Dean Phillips, D-MN
          Ilhan Omar, D-MN
          Colin Allred, D-TX
          Andy Levin, D-MI
          Abigail Spanberger, D-VA
          Chrissy Houlahan, D-PA
          Tom Malinowski, D-NJ
          Andy Kim, D-NJ
          Sara Jacobs, D-CA
          Kathy Manning, D-NC
          Jim Costa, D-CA
          Juan Vargas, D-CA
          Vicente Gonzalez, D-TX
          Brad Schneider, D-IL

          Members voting AYE (16)
          Michael T. McCaul, R-TX
          Steve Chabot, R-OH
          Joe Wilson, R-SC
          Scott Perry, R-PA
          Lee Zeldin, R-NY
          Ann Wagner, R-MO
          Brian Mast, R-FL
          Brian Fitzpatrick, R-PA
          Tim Burchett, R-TN
          Andy Barr, R-KY
          Greg Steube, R-FL
          Dan Meuser, R-PA
          Claudia Tenney, R-NY
          August Pfluger, R-TX
          Nicole Malliotakis, R-NY
          Peter Meijer, R-MI

     Perry Amendment #445: Prohibits members of certain 
NGOs from working in the Office to Monitor and Combat 
Islamophobia (not adopted, roll call vote 27N-17Y)

          Members voting NO (27)
          Gregory W. Meeks, D-NY
          Brad Sherman, D-CA
          Albio Sires, D-NJ
          Gerald E. Connolly, D-VA
          Theodore E. Deutch, D-FL
          Karen Bass, D-CA
          William R. Keating, D-MA
          David N. Cicilline, D-RI
          Ami Bera, D-CA
          Joaquin Castro, D-TX
          Dina Titus, D-NV
          Ted Lieu, D-CA
          Susan Wild, D-PA
          Dean Phillips, D-MN
          Ilhan Omar, D-MN
          Colin Allred, D-TX
          Andy Levin, D-MI
          Abigail Spanberger, D-VA
          Chrissy Houlahan, D-PA
          Tom Malinowski, D-NJ
          Andy Kim, D-NJ
          Sara Jacobs, D-CA
          Kathy Manning, D-NC
          Jim Costa, D-CA
          Juan Vargas, D-CA
          Vicente Gonzalez, D-TX
          Brad Schneider, D-IL

          Members voting AYE (17)
          Michael T. McCaul, R-TX
          Steve Chabot, R-OH
          Joe Wilson, R-SC
          Scott Perry, R-PA
          Darrell Issa, R-CA
          Lee Zeldin, R-NY
          Ann Wagner, R-MO
          Brian Mast, R-FL
          Brian Fitzpatrick, R-PA
          Tim Burchett, R-TN
          Andy Barr, R-KY
          Greg Steube, R-FL
          Dan Meuser, R-PA
          Claudia Tenney, R-NY
          August Pfluger, R-TX
          Nicole Malliotakis, R-NY
          Peter Meijer, R-MI

     Perry Amendment #446: Prohibits certain actions by 
Poland, Lithuania, and Latvia from being considered as 
Islamophobic (not adopted, roll call vote 26N-17Y)

          Members voting NO (26)
          Gregory W. Meeks, D-NY
          Brad Sherman, D-CA
          Albio Sires, D-NJ
          Gerald E. Connolly, D-VA
          Theodore E. Deutch, D-FL
          Karen Bass, D-CA
          William R. Keating, D-MA
          David N. Cicilline, D-RI
          Ami Bera, D-CA
          Joaquin Castro, D-TX
          Dina Titus, D-NV
          Ted Lieu, D-CA
          Susan Wild, D-PA
          Dean Phillips, D-MN
          Ilhan Omar, D-MN
          Colin Allred, D-TX
          Andy Levin, D-MI
          Abigail Spanberger, D-VA
          Chrissy Houlahan, D-PA
          Tom Malinowski, D-NJ
          Andy Kim, D-NJ
          Sara Jacobs, D-CA
          Kathy Manning, D-NC
          Jim Costa, D-CA
          Juan Vargas, D-CA
          Brad Schneider, D-IL

          Members voting AYE (17)
          Michael T. McCaul, R-TX
          Steve Chabot, R-OH
          Joe Wilson, R-SC
          Scott Perry, R-PA
          Darrell Issa, R-CA
          Lee Zeldin, R-NY
          Ann Wagner, R-MO
          Brian Mast, R-FL
          Brian Fitzpatrick, R-PA
          Tim Burchett, R-TN
          Andy Barr, R-KY
          Greg Steube, R-FL
          Dan Meuser, R-PA
          Claudia Tenney, R-NY
          August Pfluger, R-TX
          Nicole Malliotakis, R-NY
          Peter Meijer, R-MI

     Perry Amendment #1: Sense of Congress (not 
adopted, roll call vote 28N-15Y)

          Members voting NO (28)
          Gregory W. Meeks, D-NY
          Brad Sherman, D-CA
          Albio Sires, D-NJ
          Gerald E. Connolly, D-VA
          Theodore E. Deutch, D-FL
          Karen Bass, D-CA
          William R. Keating, D-MA
          David N. Cicilline, D-RI
          Ami Bera, D-CA
          Joaquin Castro, D-TX
          Dina Titus, D-NV
          Ted Lieu, D-CA
          Susan Wild, D-PA
          Dean Phillips, D-MN
          Ilhan Omar, D-MN
          Colin Allred, D-TX
          Andy Levin, D-MI
          Abigail Spanberger, D-VA
          Chrissy Houlahan, D-PA
          Tom Malinowski, D-NJ
          Andy Kim, D-NJ
          Sara Jacobs, D-CA
          Kathy Manning, D-NC
          Jim Costa, D-CA
          Juan Vargas, D-CA
          Vicente Gonzalez, D-TX
          Brad Schneider, D-IL
          Peter Meijer, R-MI

          Members voting AYE (15)
          Michael T. McCaul, R-TX
          Steve Chabot, R-OH
          Joe Wilson, R-SC
          Scott Perry, R-PA
          Lee Zeldin, R-NY
          Ann Wagner, R-MO
          Brian Mast, R-FL
          Brian Fitzpatrick, R-PA
          Tim Burchett, R-TN
          Andy Barr, R-KY
          Greg Steube, R-FL
          Dan Meuser, R-PA
          Claudia Tenney, R-NY
          August Pfluger, R-TX
          Nicole Malliotakis, R-NY

     H.R. 5665 was ordered favorably reported, as 
amended, to the House of Representatives (roll call vote 27Y-
16N).

          Members voting AYE (27)
          Gregory W. Meeks, D-NY
          Brad Sherman, D-CA
          Albio Sires, D-NJ
          Gerald E. Connolly, D-VA
          Theodore E. Deutch, D-FL
          Karen Bass, D-CA
          William R. Keating, D-MA
          David N. Cicilline, D-RI
          Ami Bera, D-CA
          Joaquin Castro, D-TX
          Dina Titus, D-NV
          Ted Lieu, D-CA
          Susan Wild, D-PA
          Dean Phillips, D-MN
          Ilhan Omar, D-MN
          Colin Allred, D-TX
          Andy Levin, D-MI
          Abigail Spanberger, D-VA
          Chrissy Houlahan, D-PA
          Tom Malinowski, D-NJ
          Andy Kim, D-NJ
          Sara Jacobs, D-CA
          Kathy Manning, D-NC
          Jim Costa, D-CA
          Juan Vargas, D-CA
          Vicente Gonzalez, D-TX
          Brad Schneider, D-IL

          Members voting NO (16)
          Michael T. McCaul, R-TX
          Steve Chabot, R-OH
          Joe Wilson, R-SC
          Scott Perry, R-PA
          Lee Zeldin, R-NY
          Ann Wagner, R-MO
          Brian Mast, R-FL
          Brian Fitzpatrick, R-PA
          Tim Burchett, R-TN
          Andy Barr, R-KY
          Greg Steube, R-FL
          Dan Meuser, R-PA
          Claudia Tenney, R-NY
          August Pfluger, R-TX
          Nicole Malliotakis, R-NY
          Peter Meijer, R-MI

                      Committee Oversight Findings

    In compliance with Clause 3(c)(1) of rule XIII of the Rules 
of the House of Representatives, the Committee reports that the 
findings and recommendations of the Committee, based on 
oversight activities under Clause 2(b)(1) of rule X of the 
House of Representatives, are incorporated in the descriptive 
portions of this report, particularly in the ``Purpose of 
Legislation,'' ``Background and Need for Legislation,'' and 
``Section-by-Section Analysis''' sections.

              New Budget Authority, Tax Expenditures, and 
                            Federal Mandates

    In compliance with clause 3(c)(2) of House Rule XIII and 
the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act (P.L. 104-4), the committee 
adopts as its own the estimate of new budget authority, 
entitlement authority, tax expenditure or revenues, and Federal 
mandates contained in the cost estimate prepared by the 
Director of the Congressional Budget Office pursuant to section 
402 of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974.

               Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate

    With respect to the requirements of clause 3(c)(2) of rule 
XIII of the Rules of the House of Representatives and section 
308(a) of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 and with respect 
to requirements of clause (3)(c)(3) of rule XIII of the Rules 
of the House of Representatives and section 402 of the 
Congressional Budget Act of 1974, the Committee has requested 
but not received a cost estimate for this bill from the 
Director of Congressional Budget Office. The Committee adopts 
as its own cost estimate the forthcoming cost estimate of the 
Director of the Congressional Budget Office, should such cost 
estimate be made available before House passage of the bill.

                  Non-Duplication of Federal Programs

    Pursuant to clause 3(c)(5) of House Rule XIII, the 
committee states that no provision of this bill establishes or 
reauthorizes a program of the Federal Government known to be 
duplicative of another Federal program, a program that was 
included in any report from the Government Accountability 
Office to Congress pursuant to section 21 of Public Law 111-
139, or a program related to a program identified in the most 
recent Catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance.

                    Performance Goals and Objectives

    The Act is intended to create a dedicated office at the 
State Department that can report on, and counter, acts of 
violence and discrimination against Muslim communities abroad. 
The key performance goal associated with this objective is for 
Congress to receive enhanced reporting on Islamophobia and to 
establish a dedicated State Department office to combat 
Islamophobia around the world.

                    Congressional Accountability Act

    H.R. 5665 does not apply to terms and conditions of 
employment or to access to public services or accommodations 
within the legislative branch.

                        New Advisory Committees

    H.R. 5665 does not establish or authorize any new advisory 
committees.

                         Earmark Identification

    H.R. 5665 contains no congressional earmarks, limited tax 
benefits, or limited tariff benefits as described in clauses 
9(e), 9(f), and 9(g) of House Rule XXI.

                      Section-by-Section Analysis


Section 1. Short title

Section 2. Authorization for establishment of Office to Monitor and 
        Combat Islamophobia

    This section provides the authorization for the 
establishment of an Office to Monitor and Combat Islamophobia 
at the State Department. It also provides the authority to the 
Secretary of State to appoint a Special Envoy for Monitoring 
and Combating Islamophobia.

Section 3. Inclusion in Department of State annual reports of 
        information concerning acts of Islamophobia in foreign 
        countries

    This section requires the State Department to include in 
annual country reports on human rights practices reporting on 
the abuse of Muslim communities and individuals around the 
world.

                            DISSENTING VIEWS

    All of us on the Committee on Foreign Affairs deplore and 
condemn anti-Muslim persecution, everywhere and anywhere. No 
one should ever be attacked or denied their human rights or 
dignity because of their religious faith. But serious, ongoing 
attempts at monitoring and combating persecution are preferable 
to rushed, partisan efforts that amount to nothing more than 
divisive window dressing.
    All of us are committed to opposing the heinous acts of 
violence we have seen directed at Muslims around the world. We 
were horrified and outraged by the 2016 shooting in a Swiss 
Islamic center, the 2017 attack during evening prayers at a 
Quebec mosque, and the 2019 attack on two mosques in 
Christchurch, New Zealand that killed 51 people. The hateful 
perpetrators of violence against Muslims must be prosecuted and 
punished.
    That commitment, however, must also apply when the 
perpetrators are foreign regimes, and especially when those 
crimes rise to the level of genocide. The genocide committed by 
the Burmese military against the Rohingya Muslims starting in 
late 2016 involved some of the most disturbing and 
heartbreaking atrocities of our generation. Hundreds of 
thousands of Rohingya are still displaced, homeless, and 
vulnerable.
    Today--at this very moment--the Chinese Communist Party is 
committing genocide against Uyghur Muslims. Somewhere between 
one and three million are held in camps. They are being 
exploited for slave labor and suffering systematic sexual 
violence. Families are being torn apart, and the CCP prohibits 
parents from teaching their Islamic faith to their children. 
Women are suffering forced sterilization and forced abortion, 
as part of a concerted campaign to suppress Uyghur Muslim birth 
rates.
    Members on our side of the aisle take a back seat to no one 
in our efforts to combat these anti-Muslim atrocities. In fact, 
many of us are frustrated that House Democrat Leadership caved 
to the Biden Administration's efforts to delay a strong U.S. 
response to the Uyghur Muslim genocide, rather than sending the 
bipartisan, Senate-passed Uyghur Forced Labor Prevention Act to 
the President's desk last week. Even that dilatory step was 
only taken after the press highlighted that House leadership 
had been sitting on the unanimously passed Senate bill for five 
months, as well as the House companion that passed this chamber 
406 to 3 last year.
    The deliberately partisan bill before us today has no 
Republican cosponsors, and committee Democrats made no effort 
to work toward a mutually agreeable approach prior to markup. 
It seems less like a serious legislative effort to enact a 
necessary law, than a rushed, partisan sop to the most 
progressive wing of the Democrat party.
    The bill does not condemn persecution or gross violations 
of internationally recognized human rights against Muslims, and 
Democrats voted down an amendment that would have appropriately 
focused the new office's efforts of the plight of the Uyghurs 
and Rohingya, in particular.
    Instead, H.R. 5665, creates a duplicative office and a new 
special envoy position in the State Department, which it 
charges with combating ``Islamophobia and Islamophobic 
incitement,'' two deliberately vague terms that appear nowhere 
in federal statute and are defined nowhere in the bill.
    This partisan proposal is not addressing genuine--or even 
claimed--shortcomings in the State Department's human rights 
and religious freedom efforts on behalf of persecuted Muslims 
around the world. Those efforts are already robust and on par 
with State's efforts on behalf of persecuted Christians and 
other religious adherents, who also do not have their own 
special envoys. Monitoring and reporting are already detailed 
and occur regularly, carried out by human rights officers at 
our embassies around the world, as well as by State's Bureau of 
Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor, its Office of International 
Religious Freedom, and the United States Commission on 
International Religious Freedom. The current nominee to serve 
as the Special Envoy for International Religious Freedom, 
Rashad Hussein, is a prominent Muslim-American. The annual 
Country Reports on Human Rights Practices include detailed 
country-specific narratives of human rights violations 
targeting Muslims. The annual Report on International Religious 
Freedom describes in detail the count1y-specific challenges and 
abuses faced by Muslims because of their faith, as well as U.S. 
Government policy and engagement to address such challenges.
    Creating a new envoy and office would duplicate these 
preexisting efforts and futher fragment the human rights 
advocacy conducted by U.S. diplomats, increasing the potential 
for conflict and delays in policy formulation and clearances. 
Further, the State Department requested extensive changes to 
the bill, which have not been incorporated into the bill text.
    The deliberate absence of key definitions for unprecedented 
statutory terms is troubling. At markup, committee Democrats 
rejected all efforts to clarify what does or does not 
constitute ``Islamophobia and Islamophobic incitement.'' The 
Chairman himself stated that such determinations should be left 
completely up to ``relevant actors at the State Department.'' 
But unlike ``gross violations of internationally recognized 
human rights,'' which has a statutory pedigree, State has no 
experience or competence in assessing ``phobias''' or other 
subjective states of mind.
    As Representatives Chabot and Zeldin, among others, have 
pointed out, there are genuine concerns that the vague, 
undefined terms of the bill could capture legitimate speech and 
make critics of radical Islamist extremism the targets of the 
new special envoy and its office. The envoy and office could 
proceed with a partisan agenda and single out groups, 
governments, and individuals who do not share their political 
inclinations. Sadly, committee markup provided ample evidence 
for such concern, with Democrat Members irresponsibly referring 
to Republican amendments as ``Islamophobic and racist'' and to 
Republicans as ``violently Islamophobic.''
    When, in isolated cases, the teachings of Islam are invoked 
to justify acts of terror, the demeaning treatment of women, 
anti-Semitic or anti-Israel incitement (including in school 
texbooks), and other troubling occurrences, that use should be 
condemned without fear that such criticism will be labeled 
``Islamophobic'' by official U.S. government representatives.
    In sum, the Democrat majority deliberately ignored requests 
by the State Department and Republican members of Congress to 
address real redundancies and ambiguities in Representative 
Omar's bill. They appear determined to proceed with a divisive 
partisan charade, rather than to stand together in opposing 
anti-Muslim violence and persecution that all of us deplore. 
The bill is deeply flawed and should be strongly opposed.

                                         Michael T. McCaul,
                                                    Ranking Member.
         Changes in Existing Law Made by the Bill, as Reported

  In compliance with clause 3(e) of rule XIII of the Rules of 
the House of Representatives, changes in existing law made by 
the bill, as reported, are shown as follows (existing law 
proposed to be omitted is enclosed in black brackets, new 
matter is printed in italics, and existing law in which no 
change is proposed is shown in roman):

             STATE DEPARTMENT BASIC AUTHORITIES ACT OF 1956




           *       *       *       *       *       *       *
TITLE I--BASIC AUTHORITIES GENERALLY

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *



SEC. 64. MONITORING AND COMBATING ISLAMOPHOBIA.

  (a) Office to Monitor and Combat Islamophobia.--
          (1) Establishment.--The Secretary of State shall 
        establish within the Department of State an Office to 
        Monitor and Combat Islamophobia (in this section 
        referred to as the ``Office'').
          (2) Head of office.--
                  (A) Special envoy for monitoring and 
                combating islamophobia.--The head of the Office 
                shall be the Special Envoy for Monitoring and 
                Combating Islamophobia (in this section 
                referred to as the ``Special Envoy'').
                  (B) Appointment of special envoy.--The 
                President, by and with the advice and consent 
                of the Senate shall appoint the Special Envoy. 
                If the President determines that such is 
                appropriate, the President may appoint the 
                Special Envoy from among officers and employees 
                of the Department of State. The Secretary of 
                State may allow such officer or employee to 
                retain the position (and the responsibilities 
                associated with such position) held by such 
                officer or employee prior to such appointment.
  (b) Purpose of Office.--Upon establishment, the Office shall 
assume primary responsibility for the following:
          (1) Monitoring and combating acts of Islamophobia and 
        Islamophobic incitement that occur in foreign 
        countries.
          (2) Coordinating and assisting in the preparation of 
        that portion of the reports required by paragraph (9) 
        of section 116(d) and subsection (k) of section 502B of 
        the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2151n(d) 
        and 2304) relating to an assessment and description of 
        the nature and extent of acts of Islamophobia and 
        Islamophobic incitement.
          (3) Coordinating and assisting in the preparation of 
        that portion of the report required by clause (viii) of 
        section 102(b)(1)(A) of the International Religious 
        Freedom Act of 1998 (22 U.S.C. 6412(b)(1)(A)) relating 
        to an assessment and description of the nature and 
        extent of acts of Islamophobia and Islamophobic 
        incitement.
  (c) Consultations.--The Special Envoy shall consult with 
domestic and international nongovernmental organizations and 
multilateral organizations and institutions, as the Special 
Envoy considers appropriate, to carry out this section.

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *

                              ----------                              


                     FOREIGN ASSISTANCE ACT OF 1961




           *       *       *       *       *       *       *
                                 PART I


Chapter 1--Policy; Development Assistance Authorizations

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *


  Sec. 116. Human Rights.--(a) No assistance may be provided 
under this part to the government of any country which engages 
in a consistent pattern of gross violations of internationally 
recognized human rights, including torture or cruel, inhuman, 
or degrading treatment or punishment, prolonged detention 
without charges, causing the disappearance of persons by the 
abduction and clandestine detention of those persons, or other 
flagrant denial of the right to life, liberty, and the security 
of person, unless such assistance will directly benefit the 
needy people in such country.
  (b) In determining whether this standard is being met with 
regard to funds allocated under this part, the Committee on 
Foreign Relations of the Senate or the Committee on Foreign 
Affairs of the House of Representatives may require the 
Administrator primarily responsible for administering part I of 
this Act to submit in writing information demonstrating that 
such assistance will directly benefit the needy people in such 
country, together with a detailed explanation of the assistance 
to be provided (including the dollar amounts of such 
assistance) and an explanation of how such assistance will 
directly benefit the needy people in such country. If either 
committee or either House of Congress disagrees with the 
Administrator's justification it may initiate action to 
terminate assistance to any country by a concurrent resolution 
under section 617 of this Act.
  (b) No assistance may be provided to any government failing 
to take appropriate and adequate measures, within their means, 
to protect children from exploitation, abuse or forced 
conscription into military or paramilitary services.
  (c) In determining whether or not a government falls within 
the provisions of subsection (a) and in formulating development 
assistance programs under this part, the Administrator shall 
consider, in consultation with the Assistant Secretary of State 
for Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor and in consultation with 
the Ambassador at Large for International Religious Freedom--
          (1) the extent of cooperation of such government in 
        permitting an unimpeded investigation of alleged 
        violations of internationally recognized human rights 
        by appropriate international organizations, including 
        the International Committee of the Red Cross, or groups 
        or persons acting under the authority of the United 
        Nations or of the Organization of American States;
          (2) specific actions which have been taken by the 
        President or the Congress relating to multilateral or 
        security assistance to a less developed country because 
        of the human rights practices or policies of such 
        country; and
          (3) whether the government--
                  (A) has engaged in or tolerated particularly 
                severe violations of religious freedom, as 
                defined in section 3 of the International 
                Religious Freedom Act of 1998; or
                  (B) has failed to undertake serious and 
                sustained efforts to combat particularly severe 
                violations of religious freedom (as defined in 
                section 3 of the International Religious 
                Freedom Act of 1998), when such efforts could 
                have been reasonably undertaken.
  (d) The Secretary of State shall transmit to the Speaker of 
the House of Representatives and the Committee on Foreign 
Relations of the Senate, by February 25 of each year, a full 
and complete report regarding--
          (1) the status of internationally recognized human 
        rights, within the meaning of subsection (a)--
                  (A) in countries that receive assistance 
                under this part, and
                  (B) in all other foreign countries which are 
                members of the United Nations and which are not 
                otherwise the subject of a human rights report 
                under this Act;
          (2) wherever applicable, practices regarding coercion 
        in population control, including coerced abortion and 
        involuntary sterilization;
          (3) the status of child labor practices in each 
        country, including--
                  (A) whether such country has adopted policies 
                to protect children from exploitation in the 
                workplace, including a prohibition of forced 
                and bonded labor and policies regarding 
                acceptable working conditions; and
                  (B) the extent to which each country enforces 
                such policies, including the adequacy of the 
                resources and oversight dedicated to such 
                policies;
          (4) the votes of each member of the United Nations 
        Commission on Human Rights on all country-specific and 
        thematic resolutions voted on at the Commission's 
        annual session during the period covered during the 
        preceding year;
          (5) the extent to which each country has extended 
        protection to refugees, including the provision of 
        first asylum and resettlement;
          (6) the steps the Administrator has taken to alter 
        United States programs under this part in any country 
        because of human rights considerations;
          (7) wherever applicable, violations of religious 
        freedom, including particularly severe violations of 
        religious freedom (as defined in section 3 of the 
        International Religious Freedom Act of 1998);
          (8) wherever applicable, a description of the nature 
        and extent of acts of anti-Semitism and anti-Semitic 
        incitement that occur during the preceding year, 
        including descriptions of--
                  (A) acts of physical violence against, or 
                harassment of Jewish people, and acts of 
                violence against, or vandalism of Jewish 
                community institutions, including schools, 
                synagogues, and cemeteries;
                  (B) instances of propaganda in government and 
                nongovernment media that attempt to justify or 
                promote racial hatred or incite acts of 
                violence against Jewish people;
                  (C) the actions, if any, taken by the 
                government of the country to respond to such 
                violence and attacks or to eliminate such 
                propaganda or incitement;
                  (D) the actions taken by such government to 
                enact and enforce laws relating to the 
                protection of the right to religious freedom of 
                Jewish people; and
                  (E) the efforts of such government to promote 
                anti-bias and tolerance education;
          (9) wherever applicable, a description of the nature 
        and extent of acts of Islamophobia and Islamophobic 
        incitement that occur during the preceding year, 
        including descriptions of--
                  (A) acts of physical violence against, or 
                harassment of, Muslim people, and acts of 
                violence against, or vandalism of, Muslim 
                community institutions, including schools, 
                mosques, and cemeteries;
                  (B) instances of propaganda in government and 
                nongovernment media that attempt to justify or 
                promote racial hatred or incite acts of 
                violence against Muslim people;
                  (C) the actions, if any, taken by the 
                government of the country to respond to such 
                violence and attacks or to eliminate such 
                propaganda or incitement;
                  (D) the actions taken by such government to 
                enact and enforce laws relating to the 
                protection of the right to religious freedom of 
                Muslim people;
                  (E) the efforts of such government to promote 
                anti-bias and tolerance education; and
                  (F) any instances of forced labor, 
                reeducation, or the presence of concentration 
                camps, such as those targeting the Uyghurs in 
                the Xinjiang Province of the People's Republic 
                of China;
          [(9)] (10) wherever applicable, consolidated 
        information regarding the commission of war crimes, 
        crimes against humanity, and evidence of acts that may 
        constitute genocide (as defined in article 2 of the 
        Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the 
        Crime of Genocide and modified by the United States 
        instrument of ratification to that convention and 
        section 2(a) of the Genocide Convention Implementation 
        Act of 1987);
          [(10)] (11) for each country with respect to which 
        the report indicates that extrajudicial killings, 
        torture, or other serious violations of human rights 
        have occurred in the country, the extent to which the 
        United States has taken or will take action to 
        encourage an end to such practices in the country;
          [(11)] (12)(A) wherever applicable, a description of 
        the nature and extent--
                  (i) of the compulsory recruitment and 
                conscription of individuals under the age of 18 
                by armed forces of the government of the 
                country, government-supported paramilitaries, 
                or other armed groups, and the participation of 
                such individuals in such groups; and
                  (ii) that such individuals take a direct part 
                in hostilities;
          (B) what steps, if any, taken by the government of 
        the country to eliminate such practices;
          (C) such other information related to the use by such 
        government of individuals under the age of 18 as 
        soldiers, as determined to be appropriate by the 
        Secretary; and
          [(12)] (13) wherever applicable--
                  (A) a description of the status of freedom of 
                the press, including initiatives in favor of 
                freedom of the press and efforts to improve or 
                preserve, as appropriate, the independence of 
                the media, together with an assessment of 
                progress made as a result of those efforts;
                  (B) an identification of countries in which 
                there were violations of freedom of the press, 
                including direct physical attacks, 
                imprisonment, indirect sources of pressure, and 
                censorship by governments, military, 
                intelligence, or police forces, criminal 
                groups, or armed extremist or rebel groups; and
                  (C) in countries where there are particularly 
                severe violations of freedom of the press--
                          (i) whether government authorities of 
                        each such country participate in, 
                        facilitate, or condone such violations 
                        of the freedom of the press; and
                          (ii) what steps the government of 
                        each such country has taken to preserve 
                        the safety and independence of the 
                        media, and to ensure the prosecution of 
                        those individuals who attack or murder 
                        journalists.
  (e) The President is authorized and encouraged to use not 
less than $3,000,000 of the funds made available under this 
chapter, chapter 10 of this part, and chapter 4 of part II for 
each fiscal year for studies to identify, and for openly 
carrying out, programs and activities which will encourage or 
promote increased adherence to civil and political rights, as 
set forth in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, in 
countries eligible for assistance under this chapter or under 
chapter 10 of this part, except that funds made available under 
chapter 10 of this part may only be used under this subsection 
with respect to countries in sub-Saharan Africa. None of these 
funds may be used, directly or indirectly, to influence the 
outcome of any election in any country.
  (f)(1) The report required by subsection (d) shall include 
the following:
          (A) A description of the nature and extent of severe 
        forms of trafficking in persons, as defined in section 
        103 of the Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000, 
        in each foreign country.
          (B) With respect to each country that is a country of 
        origin, transit, or destination for victims of severe 
        forms of trafficking in persons, an assessment of the 
        efforts by the government of that country to combat 
        such trafficking. The assessment shall address the 
        following:
                  (i) Whether government authorities in that 
                country participate in, facilitate, or condone 
                such trafficking.
                  (ii) Which government authorities in that 
                country are involved in activities to combat 
                such trafficking.
                  (iii) What steps the government of that 
                country has taken to prohibit government 
                officials from participating in, facilitating, 
                or condoning such trafficking, including the 
                investigation, prosecution, and conviction of 
                such officials.
                  (iv) What steps the government of that 
                country has taken to prohibit other individuals 
                from participating in such trafficking, 
                including the investigation, prosecution, and 
                conviction of individuals involved in severe 
                forms of trafficking in persons, the criminal 
                and civil penalties for such trafficking, and 
                the efficacy of those penalties in eliminating 
                or reducing such trafficking.
                  (v) What steps the government of that country 
                has taken to assist victims of such 
                trafficking, including efforts to prevent 
                victims from being further victimized by 
                traffickers, government officials, or others, 
                grants of relief from deportation, and 
                provision of humanitarian relief, including 
                provision of mental and physical health care 
                and shelter.
                  (vi) Whether the government of that country 
                is cooperating with governments of other 
                countries to extradite traffickers when 
                requested, or, to the extent that such 
                cooperation would be inconsistent with the laws 
                of such country or with extradition treaties to 
                which such country is a party, whether the 
                government of that country is taking all 
                appropriate measures to modify or replace such 
                laws and treaties so as to permit such 
                cooperation.
                  (vii) Whether the government of that country 
                is assisting in international investigations of 
                transnational trafficking networks and in other 
                cooperative efforts to combat severe forms of 
                trafficking in persons.
                  (viii) Whether the government of that country 
                refrains from prosecuting victims of severe 
                forms of trafficking in persons due to such 
                victims having been trafficked, and refrains 
                from other discriminatory treatment of such 
                victims.
                  (ix) Whether the government of that country 
                recognizes the rights of victims of severe 
                forms of trafficking in persons and ensures 
                their access to justice.
          (C) Such other information relating to trafficking in 
        persons as the Secretary of State considers 
        appropriate.
  (2) In compiling data and making assessments for the purposes 
of paragraph (1), United States diplomatic mission personnel 
shall consult with human rights organizations and other 
appropriate nongovernmental organizations.
  (g) Child Marriage Status.--
          (1) In general.--The report required under subsection 
        (d) shall include, for each country in which child 
        marriage is prevalent, a description of the status of 
        the practice of child marriage in such country.
          (2) Defined term.--In this subsection, the term 
        ``child marriage'' means the marriage of a girl or boy 
        who is--
                  (A) younger than the minimum age for marriage 
                under the laws of the country in which such 
                girl or boy is a resident; or
                  (B) younger than 18 years of age, if no such 
                law exists.

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *


TITLE XII--FAMINE PREVENTION AND FREEDOM FROM HUNGER

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *



Chapter 1--Policy

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *


  Sec. 502B. Human Rights.--(a)(1) The United States shall, in 
accordance with its international obligations as set forth in 
the Charter of the United Nations and in keeping with the 
constitutional heritage and traditions of the United States, 
promote and encourage increased respect for human rights and 
fundamental freedoms throughout the world without distinction 
as to race, sex, language, or religion. Accordingly, a 
principal goal of the foreign policy of the United States shall 
be to promote the increased observance of internationally 
recognized human rights by all countries.
  (2) Except under circumstances specified in this section, no 
security assistance may be provided to any country the 
government of which engages in a consistent pattern of gross 
violations of internationally recognized human rights. Security 
assistance may not be provided to the police, domestic 
intelligence, or similar law enforcement forces of a country, 
and licenses may not be issued under the Export Administration 
Act of 1979 for the export of crime control and detection 
instruments and equipment to a country, the government of which 
engages in a consistent pattern of gross violations of 
internationally recognized human rights unless the President 
certifies in writing to the Speaker of the House of 
Representatives and the chairman of the Committee on Foreign 
Relations of the Senate and the chairman of the Committee on 
Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate (when 
licenses are to be issued pursuant to the Export Administration 
Act of 1979), that extraordinary circumstances exist warranting 
provision of such assistance and issuance of such licenses. 
Assistance may not be provided under chapter 5 of this part to 
a country the government of which engages in a consistent 
pattern of gross violations of internationally recognized human 
rights unless the President certifies in writing to the Speaker 
of the House of Representatives and the chairman of the 
Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate that extraordinary 
circumstances exist warranting provision of such assistance.
  (3) In furtherance of paragraphs (1) and (2), the President 
is directed to formulate and conduct international security 
assistance programs of the United States in a manner which will 
promote and advance human rights and avoid identification of 
the United States, through such programs, with governments 
which deny to their people internationally recognized human 
rights and fundamental freedoms, in violation of international 
law or in contravention of the policy of the United States as 
expressed in this section or otherwise.
  (4) In determining whether the government of a country 
engages in a consistent pattern of gross violations of 
internationally recognized human rights, the President shall 
give particular consideration to whether the government--
          (A) has engaged in or tolerated particularly severe 
        violations of religious freedom, as defined in section 
        3 of the International Religious Freedom Act of 1998; 
        or
          (B) has failed to undertake serious and sustained 
        efforts to combat particularly severe violations of 
        religious freedom when such efforts could have been 
        reasonably undertaken.
  (b) The Secretary of State shall transmit to the Congress, as 
part of the presentation materials for security assistance 
programs proposed for each fiscal year, a full and complete 
report, prepared with the assistance of the Assistant Secretary 
of State for Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor and with the 
assistance of the Ambassador at Large for International 
Religious Freedom, with respect to practices regarding the 
observance of and respect for internationally recognized human 
rights in each country proposed as a recipient of security 
assistance. Wherever applicable, such report shall include 
consolidated information regarding the commission of war 
crimes, crimes against humanity, and evidence of acts that may 
constitute genocide (as defined in article 2 of the Convention 
on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide and 
modified by the United States instrument of ratification to 
that convention and section 2(a) of the Genocide Convention 
Implementation Act of 1987). Wherever applicable, such report 
shall include information on practices regarding coercion in 
population control, including coerced abortion and involuntary 
sterilization. Such report shall also include, wherever 
applicable, information on violations of religious freedom, 
including particularly severe violations of religious freedom 
(as defined in section 3 of the International Religious Freedom 
Act of 1998). Wherever applicable, such report shall include a 
description of the nature and extent of acts of anti-Semitism 
and anti-Semitic incitement that occur, including the 
descriptions of such acts required under section 116(d)(8). 
Such report shall also include, for each country with respect 
to which the report indicates that extrajudicial killings, 
torture, or other serious violations of human rights have 
occurred in the country, the extent to which the United States 
has taken or will take action to encourage an end to such 
practices in the country. Each report under this section shall 
list the votes of each member of the United Nations Commission 
on Human Rights on all country-specific and thematic 
resolutions voted on at the Commission's annual session during 
the period covered during the preceding year. Each report under 
this section shall describe the extent to which each country 
has extended protection to refugees, including the provision of 
first asylum and resettlement. Each report under this section 
shall also include (i) wherever applicable, a description of 
the nature and extent of the compulsory recruitment and 
conscription of individuals under the age of 18 by armed forces 
of the government of the country, government-supported 
paramilitaries, or other armed groups, the participation of 
such individuals in such groups, and the nature and extent that 
such individuals take a direct part in hostilities, (ii) what 
steps, if any, taken by the government of the country to 
eliminate such practices, and (iii) such other information 
related to the use by such government of individuals under the 
age of 18 as soldiers, as determined to be appropriate by the 
Secretary of State. In determining whether a government falls 
within the provisions of subsection (a)(3) and in the 
preparation of any report or statement required under this 
section, consideration shall be given to--
          (1) the relevant findings of appropriate 
        international organizations, including nongovernmental 
        organizations, such as the International Committee of 
        the Red Cross; and
          (2) the extent of cooperation by such government in 
        permitting an unimpeded investigation by any such 
        organization of alleged violations of internationally 
        recognized human rights.
  (c)(1) Upon the request of the Senate or the House of 
Representatives by resolution of either such House, or upon the 
request of the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate or 
the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of 
Representatives, the Secretary of State shall, within thirty 
days after receipt of such request, transmit to both such 
committees a statement, prepared with the assistance of the 
Assistant Secretary of State for Democracy, Human Rights, and 
Labor, with respect to the country designated in such request, 
setting forth--
          (A) all the available information about observance of 
        and respect for human rights and fundamental freedom in 
        that country, and a detailed description of practices 
        by the recipient government with respect thereto;
          (B) the steps the United States has taken to--
                  (i) promote respect for and observance of 
                human rights in that country and discourage any 
                practices which are inimical to internationally 
                recognized human rights, and
                  (ii) publicly or privately call attention to, 
                and disassociate the United States and any 
                security assistance provided for such country 
                from, such practices;
          (C) whether, in the opinion of the Secretary of 
        State, notwithstanding any such practices--
                  (i) extraordinary circumstances exist which 
                necessitate a continuation of security 
                assistance for such country, and, if so, a 
                description of such circumstances and the 
                extent to which such assistance should be 
                continued (subject to such conditions as 
                Congress may impose under this section), and
                  (ii) on all the facts it is in the national 
                interest of the United States to provide such 
                assistance; and
          (D) such other information as such committee or such 
        House may request.
  (2)(A) A resolution of request under paragraph (1) of this 
subsection shall be considered in the Senate in accordance with 
the provisions of section 601(b) of the International Security 
Assistance and Arms Export Control Act of 1976.
  (B) The term ``certification'', as used in section 601 of 
such Act, means, for the purposes of this subsection, a 
resolution of request of the Senate under paragraph (1) of this 
subsection.
  (3) In the event a statement with respect to a country is 
requested pursuant to paragraph (1) of this subsection but is 
not transmitted in accordance therewith within thirty days 
after receipt of such request, no security assistance shall be 
delivered to such country except as may thereafter be 
specifically authorized by law from such country unless and 
until such statement is transmitted.
  (4)(A) In the event a statement with respect to a country is 
transmitted under paragraph (1) of this subsection, the 
Congress may at any time thereafter adopt a joint resolution 
terminating, restricting, or continuing security assistance for 
such country. In the event such a joint resolution is adopted, 
such assistance shall be so terminated, so restricted, or so 
continued, as the case may be.
  (B) Any such resolution shall be considered in the Senate in 
accordance with the provisions of section 601(b) of the 
International Security Assistance and Arms Export Control Act 
of 1976.
  (C) The term ``certification'', as used in section 601 of 
such Act, means, for the purposes of this paragraph, a 
statement transmitted under paragraph (1) of this subsection.
  (d) For the purposes of this section--
          (1) the term ``gross violations of internationally 
        recognized human rights'' includes torture or cruel, 
        inhuman, or degrading treatment or punishment, 
        prolonged detention without charges and trial, causing 
        the disappearance of persons by the abduction and 
        clandestine detention of those persons, and other 
        flagrant denial of the right to life, liberty, or the 
        security of person;
          (2) the term ``security assistance'' means--
                  (A) assistance under chapter 2 (military 
                assistance) or chapter 4 (economic support 
                fund) or chapter 5 (military education and 
                training) or chapter 6 (peacekeeping 
                operations) or chapter 8 (antiterrorism 
                assistance) of this part;
                  (B) sales of defense articles or services, 
                extensions of credits (including participations 
                in credits), and guaranties of loans under the 
                Arms Export Control Act; or
                  (C) any license in effect with respect to the 
                export to or for the armed forces, police, 
                intelligence, or other internal security forces 
                of a foreign country of--
                          (i) defense articles or defense 
                        services under section 38 of the Armed 
                        Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2778); or
                          (ii) items listed under the 600 
                        series of the Commerce Control List 
                        contained in Supplement No. 1 to part 
                        774 of subtitle B of title 15, Code of 
                        Federal Regulations;
  (e) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, funds 
authorized to be appropriated under part I of this Act may be 
made available for the furnishing of assistance to any country 
with respect to which the President finds that such a 
significant improvement in its human rights record has occurred 
as to warrant lifting the prohibition on furnishing such 
assistance in the national interest of the United States.
  (f) In allowing the funds authorized to be appropriated by 
this Act and the Arms Export Control Act, the President shall 
take into account significant improvements in the human rights 
records of recipient countries, except that such allocations 
may not contravene any other provision of law.
  (g) Whenever the provisions of subsection (e) or (f) of this 
section are applied, the President shall report to the Congress 
before making any funds available pursuant to those 
subsections. The report shall specify the country involved, the 
amount and kinds of assistance to be provided, and the 
justification for providing the assistance, including a 
description of the significant improvements which have occurred 
in the country's human rights record.
  (h)(1) The report required by subsection (b) shall include 
the following:
          (A) A description of the nature and extent of severe 
        forms of trafficking in persons, as defined in section 
        103 of the Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000, 
        in each foreign country.
          (B) With respect to each country that is a country of 
        origin, transit, or destination for victims of severe 
        forms of trafficking in persons, an assessment of the 
        efforts by the government of that country to combat 
        such trafficking. The assessment shall address the 
        following:
                  (i) Whether government authorities in that 
                country participate in, facilitate, or condone 
                such trafficking.
                  (ii) Which government authorities in that 
                country are involved in activities to combat 
                such trafficking.
                  (iii) What steps the government of that 
                country has taken to prohibit government 
                officials from participating in, facilitating, 
                or condoning such trafficking, including the 
                investigation, prosecution, and conviction of 
                such officials.
                  (iv) What steps the government of that 
                country has taken to prohibit other individuals 
                from participating in such trafficking, 
                including the investigation, prosecution, and 
                conviction of individuals involved in severe 
                forms of trafficking in persons, the criminal 
                and civil penalties for such trafficking, and 
                the efficacy of those penalties in eliminating 
                or reducing such trafficking.
                  (v) What steps the government of that country 
                has taken to assist victims of such 
                trafficking, including efforts to prevent 
                victims from being further victimized by 
                traffickers, government officials, or others, 
                grants of relief from deportation, and 
                provision of humanitarian relief, including 
                provision of mental and physical health care 
                and shelter.
                  (vi) Whether the government of that country 
                is cooperating with governments of other 
                countries to extradite traffickers when 
                requested, or, to the extent that such 
                cooperation would be inconsistent with the laws 
                of such country or with extradition treaties to 
                which such country is a party, whether the 
                government of that country is taking all 
                appropriate measures to modify or replace such 
                laws and treaties so as to permit such 
                cooperation.
                  (vii) Whether the government of that country 
                is assisting in international investigations of 
                transnational trafficking networks and in other 
                cooperative efforts to combat severe forms of 
                trafficking in persons.
                  (viii) Whether the government of that country 
                refrains from prosecuting victims of severe 
                forms of trafficking in persons due to such 
                victims having been trafficked, and refrains 
                from other discriminatory treatment of such 
                victims.
                  (ix) Whether the government of that country 
                recognizes the rights of victims of severe 
                forms of trafficking in persons and ensures 
                their access to justice.
          (C) Such other information relating to trafficking in 
        persons as the Secretary of State considers 
        appropriate.
  (2) In compiling data and making assessments for the purposes 
of paragraph (1), United States diplomatic mission personnel 
shall consult with human rights organizations and other 
appropriate nongovernmental organizations.
  (i) The report required by subsection (b) shall include, 
wherever applicable--
          (1) a description of the status of freedom of the 
        press, including initiatives in favor of freedom of the 
        press and efforts to improve or preserve, as 
        appropriate, the independence of the media, together 
        with an assessment of progress made as a result of 
        those efforts;
          (2) an identification of countries in which there 
        were violations of freedom of the press, including 
        direct physical attacks, imprisonment, indirect sources 
        of pressure, and censorship by governments, military, 
        intelligence, or police forces, criminal groups, or 
        armed extremist or rebel groups; and
          (3) in countries where there are particularly severe 
        violations of freedom of the press--
                  (A) whether government authorities of each 
                such country participate in, facilitate, or 
                condone such violations of the freedom of the 
                press; and
                  (B) what steps the government of each such 
                country has taken to preserve the safety and 
                independence of the media, and to ensure the 
                prosecution of those individuals who attack or 
                murder journalists.
  [(i)] (j) Child Marriage Status.--
          (1) In general.--The report required under subsection 
        (b) shall include, for each country in which child 
        marriage is prevalent, a description of the status of 
        the practice of child marriage in such country.
          (2) Defined term.--In this subsection, the term 
        ``child marriage'' means the marriage of a girl or boy 
        who is--
                  (A) younger than the minimum age for marriage 
                under the laws of the country in which such 
                girl or boy is a resident; or
                  (B) younger than 18 years of age, if no such 
                law exists.
  (k) Information Concerning Acts of Islamophobia in Foreign 
Countries.--The report required by subsection (b) shall 
include, wherever applicable, a description of the nature and 
extent of acts of Islamophobia and Islamophobic incitement that 
occur during the preceding year, including descriptions of--
          (1) acts of physical violence against, or harassment 
        of, Muslim people, and acts of violence against, or 
        vandalism of, Muslim community institutions, including 
        schools, mosques, and cemeteries;
          (2) instances of propaganda in government and 
        nongovernment media that attempt to justify or promote 
        racial hatred or incite acts of violence against Muslim 
        people;
          (3) the actions, if any, taken by the government of 
        the country to respond to such violence and attacks or 
        to eliminate such propaganda or incitement;
          (4) the actions taken by such government to enact and 
        enforce laws relating to the protection of the right to 
        religious freedom of Muslim people;
          (5) the efforts of such government to promote anti-
        bias and tolerance education; and
          (6) any instances of forced labor, reeducation, or 
        the presence of concentration camps, such as those 
        targeting the Uyghurs in the Xinjiang Province of the 
        People's Republic of China.

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              INTERNATIONAL RELIGIOUS FREEDOM ACT OF 1998




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TITLE I--DEPARTMENT OF STATE ACTIVITIES

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *


SEC. 102. REPORTS.

  (a) Portions of Annual Human Rights Reports.--The Ambassador 
at Large shall assist the Secretary of State in preparing those 
portions of the Human Rights Reports that relate to freedom of 
religion and freedom from discrimination based on religion and 
those portions of other information provided Congress under 
sections 116 and 502B of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 
U.S.C. 2151m, 2304) that relate to the right to freedom of 
religion.
  (b) Annual Report on International Religious Freedom.--
          (1) Deadline for submission.--On May 1 of each year 
        or the first day thereafter on which the appropriate 
        House of Congress is in session, the Secretary of 
        State, with the assistance of the Ambassador at Large, 
        and taking into consideration the recommendations of 
        the Commission, shall prepare and transmit to Congress 
        an Annual Report on International Religious Freedom 
        supplementing the most recent Human Rights Reports by 
        providing additional detailed information with respect 
        to matters involving international religious freedom. 
        Each Annual Report shall contain the following:
                  (A) Status of religious freedom.--A 
                description of the status of religious freedom 
                in each foreign country, including--
                          (i) trends toward improvement in the 
                        respect and protection of the right to 
                        religious freedom and trends toward 
                        deterioration of such right;
                          (ii) violations of religious freedom 
                        engaged in or tolerated by the 
                        government of that country;
                          (iii) particularly severe violations 
                        of religious freedom engaged in or 
                        tolerated by the government of that 
                        country as well as the routine denial 
                        of visa applications for religious 
                        workers;
                          (iv) particularly severe violations 
                        of religious freedom in that country if 
                        such country does not have a 
                        functioning government or the 
                        government of such country does not 
                        control its territory;
                          (v) the identification of prisoners, 
                        to the extent possible, in that country 
                        pursuant to section 108(d);
                          (vi) any action taken by the 
                        government of that country to censor 
                        religious content, communications, or 
                        worship activities online, including 
                        descriptions of the targeted religious 
                        group, the content, communication, or 
                        activities censored, and the means 
                        used; [and]
                          (vii) wherever applicable, an 
                        assessment and description of the 
                        nature and extent of acts of anti-
                        Semitism and anti-Semitic incitement 
                        that occur in that country during the 
                        preceding year, including--
                                  (I) acts of physical violence 
                                against, or harassment of, 
                                Jewish people, acts of violence 
                                against, or vandalism of, 
                                Jewish community institutions, 
                                and instances of propaganda in 
                                government and nongovernment 
                                media that incite such acts; 
                                and
                                  (II) the actions taken by the 
                                government of that country to 
                                respond to such violence and 
                                attacks or to eliminate such 
                                propaganda or incitement, to 
                                enact and enforce laws relating 
                                to the protection of the right 
                                to religious freedom of Jewish 
                                people, and to promote anti-
                                bias and tolerance 
                                education[.]; and
                          (viii) wherever applicable, an 
                        assessment and description of the 
                        nature and extent of acts of 
                        Islamophobia and Islamophobic 
                        incitement that occur in that country 
                        during the preceding the year, 
                        including--
                                  (I) acts of physical violence 
                                against, or harassment of, 
                                Muslim people, acts of violence 
                                against, or vandalism of, 
                                Muslim community institutions, 
                                instances of propaganda in 
                                government and nongovernment 
                                media that incite such acts, 
                                and statements and actions 
                                relating thereto;
                                  (II) the actions taken by the 
                                government of that country to 
                                respond to such violence and 
                                attacks or to eliminate such 
                                propaganda or incitement, to 
                                enact and enforce laws relating 
                                to the protection of the right 
                                to religious freedom of 
                                Muslims, and to promote anti-
                                bias and tolerance education; 
                                and
                                  (III) any instances of forced 
                                labor, reeducation, or the 
                                presence of concentration 
                                camps, such as those targeting 
                                the Uyghurs in the Xinjiang 
                                Province of the People's 
                                Republic of China.
                  (B) Violations of religious freedom.--An 
                assessment and description of the nature and 
                extent of violations of religious freedom in 
                each foreign country, including persecution of 
                one religious group by another religious group, 
                religious persecution by governmental and 
                nongovernmental entities, persecution targeted 
                at individuals or particular denominations or 
                entire religions, persecution of lawyers, 
                politicians, or other human rights advocates 
                seeking to defend the rights of members of 
                religious groups or highlight religious freedom 
                violations, prohibitions on ritual animal 
                slaughter or male infant circumcision, the 
                existence of government policies violating 
                religious freedom, including policies that 
                discriminate against particular religious 
                groups or members of such groups, policies that 
                ban or restrict the public manifestation of 
                religious belief and the peaceful involvement 
                of religious groups or their members in the 
                political life of each such foreign country, 
                and the existence of government policies 
                concerning--
                          (i) limitations or prohibitions on, 
                        or lack of availability of, openly 
                        conducted, organized religious services 
                        outside of the premises of foreign 
                        diplomatic missions or consular posts; 
                        and
                          (ii) the forced religious conversion 
                        of minor United States citizens who 
                        have been abducted or illegally removed 
                        from the United States, and the refusal 
                        to allow such citizens to be returned 
                        to the United States.
                  (C) United states policies.--A detailed 
                description of United States actions, 
                diplomatic and political coordination efforts, 
                and other policies in support of religious 
                freedom in each foreign country engaging in or 
                tolerating violations of religious freedom, 
                including a description of the measures and 
                policies implemented during the preceding 12 
                months by the United States under titles I, IV, 
                and V of this Act in opposition to violations 
                of religious freedom and in support of 
                international religious freedom.
                  (D) International agreements in effect.--A 
                description of any binding agreement with a 
                foreign government entered into by the United 
                States under section 401(b) or 402(c).
                  (E) Training and guidelines of government 
                personnel.--A description of--
                          (i) the training described in section 
                        602(a) and (b) and section 603(b) and 
                        (c) on violations of religious freedom 
                        provided to immigration judges and 
                        consular, refugee, immigration, and 
                        asylum officers; and
                          (ii) the development and 
                        implementation of the guidelines 
                        described in sections 602(c) and 
                        603(a).
                  (F) Executive summary.--An Executive Summary 
                to the Annual Report highlighting the status of 
                religious freedom in certain foreign countries 
                and including the following:
                          (i) Countries in which the united 
                        states is actively promoting religious 
                        freedom.--An identification of foreign 
                        countries in which the United States is 
                        actively promoting religious freedom. 
                        This section of the report shall 
                        include a description of United States 
                        actions taken to promote the 
                        internationally recognized right to 
                        freedom of religion and oppose 
                        violations of such right under title IV 
                        and title V of this Act during the 
                        period covered by the Annual Report. 
                        Any country designated as a country of 
                        particular concern for religious 
                        freedom under section 402(b)(1)(A)(ii) 
                        shall be included in this section of 
                        the report. Any country in which a non-
                        state actor designated as an entity of 
                        particular concern for religious 
                        freedom under section 301 of the Frank 
                        R. Wolf International Religious Freedom 
                        Act is located shall be included in 
                        this section of the report.
                          (ii) Countries of significant 
                        improvement in religious freedom.--An 
                        identification of foreign countries the 
                        governments of which have demonstrated 
                        significant improvement in the 
                        protection and promotion of the 
                        internationally recognized right to 
                        freedom of religion during the period 
                        covered by the Annual Report. This 
                        section of the report shall include a 
                        description of the nature of the 
                        improvement and an analysis of the 
                        factors contributing to such 
                        improvement, including actions taken by 
                        the United States under this Act.
                  (G) Anti-semitism in europe.--In addition to 
                the information required under clause (vii) of 
                subparagraph (A), with respect to each European 
                country in which verbal or physical threats or 
                attacks are particularly significant against 
                Jewish persons, places of worship, schools, 
                cemeteries, and other religious institutions, a 
                description of--
                          (i) the security challenges and needs 
                        of European Jewish communities and 
                        European law enforcement agencies in 
                        such countries to better protect such 
                        communities;
                          (ii) to the extent practicable, the 
                        efforts of the United States Government 
                        over the reporting period to partner 
                        with European law enforcement agencies 
                        and civil society groups regarding the 
                        sharing of information and best 
                        practices to combat anti-Semitic 
                        incidents in Europe;
                          (iii) European educational 
                        programming and public awareness 
                        initiatives that aim to collaborate on 
                        educational curricula and campaigns 
                        that impart shared values of pluralism 
                        and tolerance, and showcase the 
                        positive contributions of Jews in 
                        culture, scholarship, science, and art, 
                        with special attention to those 
                        segments of the population that exhibit 
                        a high degree of anti-Semitic animus; 
                        and
                          (iv) efforts by European governments 
                        to adopt and apply a working definition 
                        of anti-Semitism.
          (2) Classified addendum.--If the Secretary of State 
        determines that it is in the national security 
        interests of the United States or is necessary for the 
        safety of individuals to be identified in the Annual 
        Report or is necessary to further the purposes of this 
        Act, any information required by paragraph (1), 
        including measures or actions taken by the United 
        States, may be summarized in the Annual Report or the 
        Executive Summary and submitted in more detail in a 
        classified addendum to the Annual Report or the 
        Executive Summary.
  (c) Preparation of Reports Regarding Violations of 
Religious Freedom.--
          (1) Standards and investigations.--The Secretary of 
        State shall ensure that United States missions abroad 
        maintain a consistent reporting standard and thoroughly 
        investigate reports of violations of the 
        internationally recognized right to freedom of 
        religion.
          (2) Contacts with nongovernmental organizations.--In 
        compiling data and assessing the respect of the right 
        to religious freedom for the Human Rights Reports, the 
        Annual Report on International Religious Freedom, and 
        the Executive Summary, United States mission personnel 
        shall, as appropriate, seek out and maintain contacts 
        with religious and human rights nongovernmental 
        organizations, with the consent of those organizations, 
        including receiving reports and updates from such 
        organizations and, when appropriate, investigating such 
        reports.
  (d) Amendments to the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961.--
          (1) Content of human rights reports for countries 
        receiving economic assistance.--Section 116(d) of the 
        Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2151n(d)) is 
        amended--
                  (A) by striking ``and'' at the end of 
                paragraph (4);
                  (B) by striking the period at the end of 
                paragraph (5) and inserting ``; and''; and
                  (C) by adding at the end the following:
          ``(6) wherever applicable, violations of religious 
        freedom, including particularly severe violations of 
        religious freedom (as defined in section 3 of the 
        International Religious Freedom Act of 1998).''.
          (2) Contents of human rights reports for countries 
        receiving security assistance.--Section 502B(b) of the 
        Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2304(b)) is 
        amended--
                  (A) by inserting ``and with the assistance of 
                the Ambassador at Large for International 
                Religious Freedom'' after ``Labor''; and
                  (B) by inserting after the second sentence 
                the following new sentence: ``Such report shall 
                also include, wherever applicable, information 
                on violations of religious freedom, including 
                particularly severe violations of religious 
                freedom (as defined in section 3 of the 
                International Religious Freedom Act of 
                1998).''.

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