[Senate Report 116-53]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]


                                                     Calendar No. 128
116th Congress     }                                   {       Report
                                 SENATE
 1st Session       }                                   {       116-53 
_____________________________________________________________________

                                     

  
            PRESIDENTIAL ALLOWANCE MODERNIZATION ACT OF 2019

                               __________

                              R E P O R T

                                 of the

                   COMMITTEE ON HOMELAND SECURITY AND

                          GOVERNMENTAL AFFAIRS

                          UNITED STATES SENATE

                              to accompany

                                 S. 580

          TO AMEND THE ACT OF AUGUST 25, 1958, COMMONLY KNOWN
         AS THE ``FORMER PRESIDENTS ACT OF 1958,'' WITH RESPECT
TO THE MONETARY ALLOWANCE PAYABLE TO A FORMER PRESIDENT, AND FOR OTHER 
                                PURPOSES







[GRAPHIC(S) NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT]










                 June 27, 2019.--Ordered to be printed 
                 
                                   ______
		 
                     U.S. GOVERNMENT PUBLISHING OFFICE 
		 
89-010                    WASHINGTON : 2019                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
        COMMITTEE ON HOMELAND SECURITY AND GOVERNMENTAL AFFAIRS

                    RON JOHNSON, Wisconsin, Chairman
ROB PORTMAN, Ohio                    GARY C. PETERS, Michigan
RAND PAUL, Kentucky                  THOMAS R. CARPER, Delaware
JAMES LANKFORD, Oklahoma             MAGGIE HASSAN, New Hampshire
MITT ROMNEY, Utah                    KAMALA D. HARRIS, California
RICK SCOTT, Florida                  KYRSTEN SINEMA, Arizona
MICHAEL B. ENZI, Wyoming             JACKY ROSEN, Nevada
JOSH HAWLEY, Missouri

                Gabrielle D'Adamo Singer, Staff Director
                  Joseph C. Folio, III, Chief Counsel
 Courtney Allen Rutland, Deputy Chief Counsel for Governmental Affairs
               David M. Weinberg, Minority Staff Director
               Zachary I. Schram, Minority Chief Counsel
      Ashley E. Poling, Minority Director of Governmental Affairs
         Yelena L. Tsilker, Minority Professional Staff Member
                     Laura W. Kilbride, Chief Clerk
















                                                      Calendar No. 128
116th Congress     }                                    {       Report
                                 SENATE
 1st Session       }                                    {       116-53

======================================================================



 
            PRESIDENTIAL ALLOWANCE MODERNIZATION ACT OF 2019

                                _______
                                

                 June 27, 2019.--Ordered to be printed

                                _______
                                

 Mr. Johnson, from the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental 
                    Affairs, submitted the following

                              R E P O R T

                         [To accompany S. 580]

      [Including cost estimate of the Congressional Budget Office]

    The Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental 
Affairs, to which was referred the bill (S. 580) to amend the 
Act of August 25, 1958, commonly known as the ``Former 
Presidents Act of 1958,'' with respect to the monetary 
allowance payable to a former President, and for other 
purposes, reports favorably thereon with an amendment (in the 
nature of a substitute), and recommends that the bill, as 
amended, do pass.

                                CONTENTS

                                                                   Page
  I.  Purpose and Summary.............................................1
 II.  Background and Need for the Legislation.........................2
III. Legislative History..............................................4
 IV. Section-by-Section Analysis......................................4
  V. Evaluation of Regulatory Impact..................................5
 VI. Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate........................5
VII. Changes in Existing Law Made by the Bill, as Reported............6

                         I. Purpose and Summary

    S. 580, the Presidential Allowance Modernization Act of 
2016, amends the Former Presidents Act of 1958 (FPA) to 
modernize the monetary allowances and pensions payable to 
future former presidents.\1\ Specifically, it revises 
provisions relating to presidential pensions to allow a future 
former president an annuity of $200,000 and additional monetary 
allowance of $200,000 per year for office space and staff to 
conduct his or her duties as a former president. It also 
reduces such monetary allowance by the amount that a future 
former president's adjusted gross income in a taxable year 
exceeds $400,000.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \1\In the 114th Congress, the Committee approved, and the Senate 
passed, H.R. 1777, the Presidential Allowance Modernization Act of 
2016. The bill was approved by the House and the Senate but vetoed by 
President Obama on July 22, 2016. In the 115th Congress, the Committee 
approved S. 1791, the Presidential Allowance Modernization Act of 2017. 
The House passed the companion to that legislation, H.R. 3739, in 
November 2017, but the bill never passed the Senate. The need for the 
legislation remains the same today, and some details of the legislation 
have changed to address concerns raised by former Presidents. 
Accordingly, substantial portions of section 2 of this report have been 
drawn from Senate Reports 114-271 and 115-211.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    This bill would also clarify that a widow or widower of a 
former president is eligible for a survivor's annuity and 
increases that annual annuity from $20,000 to $100,000.

                II. Background and Need for Legislation

    Prior to 1958, former presidents did not receive a pension 
or any other financial assistance from the Federal 
Government.\2\ While some former presidents returned to 
comfortable lives after leaving office, others, like President 
Harry S. Truman, struggled financially.\3\ The FPA was enacted 
in 1958 to provide former United States presidents with ``a 
pension, support staff, office support, travel funds, and 
mailing privileges'' after they leave office.\4\ The FPA was 
intended to ``maintain the dignity'' of the Office of the 
President.\5\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \2\Wendy Ginsberg & Daniel J. Richardson, Cong. Research Serv. 
RL34631, Former Presidents: Pensions, Office Allowances, and Other 
Federal Benefits 1 (March 2016) [hereinafter Cong. Research Serv., 
March 2016 Report].
    \3\Id.
    \4\Id.; 3 U.S.C. Sec. 102, note.
    \5\S. Rep. No. 85-47, at 2 (1957).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Under the FPA, as amended, a former president receives a 
pension that is equal to the annual pay of the head of an 
Executive department.\6\ This amount was $207,800 in fiscal 
year (FY) 2017 and increased to $213,600 in FY 2018.\7\ 
Additionally, the FPA provides an annual pension of $20,000 to 
the widow of a former president.\8\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \6\3 U.S.C. Sec. 102, note, Former Presidents; Allowance; 
Selection, Compensation, and Status of Office Staff; Office Space; 
Widow's Allowance, Termination; ``Former President'' Defined (a).
    \7\Off. of Personnel Mgmt., Salary Table No. 2019-EX. See also Off. 
of Personnel Mgmt., Salary Table No. 2017-EX. According to Salary Table 
No. 2019-EX, the 2019 Executive Schedule rates of pay remained at the 
same levels as in 2018.
    \8\3 U.S.C. Sec. 102, note, Former Presidents; Allowance; 
Selection, Compensation, and Status of Office Staff; Office Space; 
Widow's Allowance, Termination; ``Former President'' Defined (e).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    In addition to the Federal pension, the FPA requires 
Congress to appropriate funds, and the General Services 
Administration (GSA) to provide funds to former presidents to 
cover their staffing and office needs.\9\ The statutory 
obligation arises from Congress's recognition that former 
presidents should have funding to continue their required 
official business as former presidents.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \9\Id. at (b), (c), and (g).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    In FY2019, Congress appropriated $4,796,000 million to GSA 
to cover the annual pensions and allowances for the then-five 
living former Presidents.\10\ Of that total appropriation, 
$1.958 million went toward office space rentals, including 
$513,000 in rent for former President Bill Clinton, $500,000 
for former President George W. Bush, and $542,000 for former 
President Barack Obama.\11\ According to GSA, non-pension costs 
for all of the benefits provided to former presidents totaled 
over $3.6 million for FY 2019.\12\ For FY 2020, GSA requested 
$3,851,000 for the pensions and allowances for the four living 
former Presidents.\13\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \10\Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2019, Pub. L. No. 116-6, Div. 
D, Title V (2019). See also Gen. Serv. Admin., FY 2019 Congressional 
Justification, FP-3-5 (Feb. 12, 2018).
    \11\Gen. Serv. Admin., FY 2019 Congressional Justification, FP-5 
(Feb. 12, 2018).
    \12\Id. at FP-4.
    \13\Gen. Serv. Admin., FY 2020 Congressional Justification, FP-2-5 
(Mar. 18, 2019). Former President George H.W. Bush passed away in 
November 2018.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    In addition to the FPA, the Presidential Transition Act 
provides an outgoing president with seven months of 
``transition'' services, and Federal law requires that former 
presidents and their spouses (and children under the age of 16) 
receive lifetime Secret Service protection.\14\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \14\3 U.S.C. Sec. 102, note; Cong. Research Serv., March 2016 
Report at 1-2.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Press reports indicate that former presidents have earned 
millions of dollars in speaking fees and book deals after 
leaving office. The three most recent former presidents, 
President Clinton and President George W. Bush, have reportedly 
earned millions since leaving office, with President Clinton 
earning more than $100 million between 2001 and 2013,\15\ 
President George W. Bush earning at least $15 million for paid 
speeches since leaving office in 2009,\16\ and President Barack 
Obama earning $400,000 per speech.\17\ In addition to speaking 
fees, the former Presidents have reportedly benefited from book 
deals: President Clinton received a $15 million advance for his 
memoir in 2004,\18\ President George W. Bush was paid $7 
million for his memoir,\19\ and former President Barack Obama 
and former First Lady Michelle Obama reportedly signed a joint 
contract with publishing house Random House for a $65 million 
advance.\20\ The Obamas also signed a deal with streaming 
service Netflix to produce entertainment services and movies, 
although the value of that deal has not yet been disclosed, but 
other deals with Netflix reportedly earned $100 million for 
other high-profile producers.\21\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \15\Philip Rucker, Tom Hamburger, & Alexander Becker, How the 
Clintons went from `dead broke' to rich: Bill earned $104.9 million for 
speeches, The Washington Post (June 26, 2014), https://
www.washingtonpost.com/politics/how-the-clintons-went-from-dead-broke-
to-rich-bill-earned-1049-million-for-speeches/2014/06/26/8fa0b372-fd3a-
11e3-8176-f2c941cf35f1_story.html.
    \16\Jennifer Epstein, George W. Bush Made $15M on Speaking Circuit, 
Politico (May 21, 2011), http://www.politico.com/news/stories/0511/
55372.html.
    \17\Tony Owusu, Barack Obama is Now Among 10 Highest-Paid Public 
Speakers, TheStreet (Sept. 25, 2017), available at https://
www.thestreet.com/story/14315669/1/highest-paid-public-speakers.html.
    \18\Mike McIntire, Clintons Made $109 Million in Last 8 Years, The 
New York Times (April 5, 2008), http://www.nytimes.com/2008/04/05/us/
politics/05clintons.html.
    \19\Lynn Sherr, George W. Bush Lands $7 Million Book Deal, The 
Daily Beast (March 19, 2009), http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/
2009/03/19/george-w-bush-lands-7-million-book-deal.html.
    \20\Joe Ferullo, Obama Netflix deal could revolutionize the `second 
act' in Washington, The Hill (May 7, 2019), available at https://
thehill.com/opinion/white-house/442420-obama-netflix-deal-could-
revolutionize-the-second-act-in-washington.
    \21\Id.
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    S. 580 would set the annual pension for a former president 
at $200,000, adjusted for inflation going forward. In addition, 
the legislation would set the annual allowance for office 
expenses at $200,000. This amount would be reduced by one 
dollar for every dollar a former President earns above 
$400,000. These amounts are subject to cost-of-living increases 
as provided for in the Social Security Act. The annual pension 
and allowance amounts set by this bill would only apply to 
future former presidents.
    S. 580 also increases the pension provided to a widow or 
widower of a former president--an amount that has gone 
unchanged since the original legislation was enacted in 1958--
increasing the annual annuity from $20,000 to $100,000. The 
bill ensures that the Secret Service will work with GSA to 
determine the amount of the allowance that is needed to pay for 
the increased cost of doing business that is attributable to 
the security needs of the former president.

                        III. Legislative History

    S. 580, the Presidential Allowance Modernization Act of 
2019, was introduced on February 27, 2019, by Senator Joni 
Ernst. Senators Margaret Hassan, Michael Enzi, and Kyrsten 
Sinema cosponsored the bill. Senator Mike Braun later 
cosponsored the bill on March 11, 2019. The bill was referred 
to the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs.
    The Committee considered S. 580 at a business meeting on 
May 15, 2019. During the business meeting, a substitute 
amendment by Chairman Ron Johnson was offered and adopted. The 
substitute amendment added language to ensure the bill would 
only apply prospectively to future former presidents. Both the 
amendment and the legislation as modified were passed by voice 
vote en bloc with Senators Johnson, Paul, Lankford, Scott, 
Peters, Carper, Hassan, and Rosen present. For the record only, 
Senators Portman, Romney, Hawley, and Sinema later asked to be 
recorded as ``yes'' by unanimous consent.
    Consistent with Committee rules, the Committee reports the 
bill with a technical amendment by mutual agreement of the 
Chairman and Ranking Member.

        IV. Section-by-Section Analysis of the Bill, as Reported


Section 1. Short title

    This section establishes the short title of the bill as the 
``Presidential Allowance Modernization Act of 2019.''

Section 2. Amendments

    This section sets the former presidential pension for 
future former presidents at $200,000 per year, plus the annual 
Social Security cost-of-living adjustment, and an additional 
monetary allowance of $200,000 per year. A future former 
president is not eligible to collect the pension and allowance 
when serving in an appointive or elective office in the federal 
government.
    The amount of the allowance would be reduced one dollar for 
every dollar a future former president earns above $400,000 per 
year. It sets disclosure requirements to ensure the privacy of 
former presidents. It ensures that the Secret Service is 
consulted on security costs to determine the amount of the 
monetary allowance that is necessary to pay the increased cost 
of doing businesses that is attributable to the security needs 
of the former president.
    This section also increases the pension for the surviving 
spouse of a former president from $20,000 a year to $100,000 
annually, taking into account annual cost-of-living increases 
equal to those provided under the Social Security Act and 
includes a technical correction to make the recipient of such 
pension gender neutral.

Section 3. Rule of construction

    This section clarifies and affirms that nothing in the 
legislation alters the funding of the security or protection of 
a former president.

Section 4. Applicability

    This section makes clear that the new reduction in monetary 
allowance will not apply to current former presidents.

                   V. Evaluation of Regulatory Impact

    Pursuant to the requirements of paragraph 11(b) of rule 
XXVI of the Standing Rules of the Senate, the Committee has 
considered the regulatory impact of this bill and determined 
that the bill will have no regulatory impact within the meaning 
of the rules. The Committee agrees with the Congressional 
Budget Office's statement that the bill contains no 
intergovernmental or private-sector mandates as defined in the 
Unfunded Mandates Reform Act (UMRA) and would impose no costs 
on state, local, or tribal governments.

             VI. Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate

                                     U.S. Congress,
                               Congressional Budget Office,
                                      Washington, DC, June 3, 2019.
Hon. Ron Johnson, Chairman,
Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs,
U.S. Senate, Washington, DC.
    Dear Mr. Chairman: The Congressional Budget Office has 
prepared the enclosed cost estimate for S. 580, the 
Presidential Allowance Modernization Act of 2019.
    If you wish further details on this estimate, we will be 
pleased to provide them. The CBO staff contact is Dan Ready.
            Sincerely,
                                         Phillip L. Swagel,
                                                          Director.
    Enclosure.

[GRAPHIC(S) NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT]
   

    S. 580 would decrease the pensions of former Presidents. 
(CBO considers such payments to be direct spending.) The bill 
also would effectively eliminate their allowances for staff, 
office space, and related expenses. (CBO considers those types 
of payments to be spending subject to appropriation.) The bill 
would apply only to Presidents who enter office after the date 
of enactment.
    Under current law, Presidents who leave office will receive 
an annual pension of between $220,000 and $280,000. The bill 
would reduce those amounts by about $25,000 for affected 
Presidents. Because that reduction would only apply to the 
pensions of Presidents who enter office after enactment, the 
earliest date it could affect spending would be in 2025. CBO 
estimates that the reduction in pensions would save less than 
$20,000 per year on average through 2029.
    On April 9, 2019, CBO transmitted an estimate for H.R. 
1496, the Presidential Allowance Modernization Act of 2019. 
Although some aspects of the bills are similar, H.R. 1496 would 
apply to both current and future Presidents whereas S. 580 
would apply only to future Presidents. That difference is 
reflected in the cost estimates.
    The CBO staff contact for this estimate is Dan Ready. The 
estimate was reviewed by H. Samuel Papenfuss, Deputy Assistant 
Director for Budget Analysis.

       VII. Changes in Existing Law Made by the Bill, as Reported

    In compliance with paragraph 12 of rule XXVI of the 
Standing Rules of the Senate, changes in existing law made by 
the bill, as reported, are shown as follows: (existing law 
proposed to be omitted is enclosed in brackets, new matter is 
printed in italic, and existing law in which no change is 
proposed is shown in roman):

UNITED STATES CODE

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *


TITLE 3--THE PRESIDENT

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *


CHAPTER 2--OFFICE AND COMPENSATION OF PRESIDENT

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *



SEC. 102. COMPENSATION OF THE PRESIDENT

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *


AMENDMENTS

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *



 FORMER PRESIDENTS; ALLOWANCE; SELECTION, COMPENSATION, AND STATUS OF 
 OFFICE STAFF; OFFICE SPACE; WIDOW'S ALLOWANCE, TERMINATION; ``FORMER 
                          PRESIDENT'' DEFINED

    [That (a) each]

SECTION 1. FORMER PRESIDENTS LEAVING OFFICE BEFORE PRESIDENTIAL 
                    ALLOWANCE MODERNIZATION ACT OF 2019.

    (a) Each former President shall be entitled for the 
remainder of his life to receive from the United States a 
monetary allowance at a rate per annum, payable monthly by the 
Secretary of the Treasury, which is equal to the annual rate of 
basic pay, as in effect from time to time, of the head of an 
executive department, as defined in section 101 of title 6, 
United States Code. However, such allowance shall not be paid 
for any period during which such former President holds an 
appointive or elective office or position in or under the 
Federal Government or the government of the District of 
Columbia to which is attached a rate of pay other than a 
nominal rate.

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *

    (f) As used in this section, the term ``former President'' 
means a person--
          (1) who shall have held office of the President of 
        the United States of America;
          (2) whose service in such office shall have 
        [terminated other than] terminated--
                  (A) other than by removal pursuant to section 
                4 of article II of the Constitution of the 
                United States of America; and
                  (B) on or before the date of enactment of the 
                Presidential Allowance Modernization Act of 
                2019; and
          (3) who does not currently hold such office.

SEC. 2. FORMER PRESIDENTS LEAVING OFFICE AFTER PRESIDENTIAL ALLOWANCE 
                    MODERNIZATION ACT OF 2019.

    (a) Annuities and Allowances.--
          (1) Annuity.--Each modern former President shall be 
        entitled for the remainder of his or her life to 
        receive from the United States an annuity at the rate 
        of $200,000 per year, subject to subsections (b)(2) and 
        (c), to be paid by the Secretary of the Treasury.
          (2) Allowance.--The Administrator of General Services 
        is authorized to provide each modern former President a 
        monetary allowance at the rate of $200,000 per year, 
        subject to the availability of appropriations and 
        subsections (b)(2), (c), and (d).
    (b) Duration; Frequency.--
          (1) In general.--The annuity and allowance under 
        subsection (a) shall each--
                  (A) commence on the day after the date on 
                which an individual becomes a modern former 
                President;
                  (B) terminate on the date on which the modern 
                former President dies; and
                  (C) be payable on a monthly basis.
          (2) Appointive or elective positions.--The annuity 
        and allowance under subsection (a) shall not be payable 
        for any period during which a modern former President 
        holds an appointive or elective position in or under 
        the Federal Government to which is attached a rate of 
        pay other than a nominal rate.
    (c) Cost-of-Living Increases.--Effective December 1 of each 
year, each annuity and allowance under subsection (a) that 
commenced before that date shall be increased by the same 
percentage by which benefit amounts under title II of the 
Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 401 et seq.) are increased, 
effective as of that date, as a result of a determination under 
section 215(i) of that Act (42 U.S.C. 415(i)).
    (d) Limitation on Monetary Allowance.--
          (1) In general.--Notwithstanding any other provision 
        of this section, the monetary allowance payable under 
        subsection (a)(2) to a modern former President for any 
        12-month period--
                  (A) except as provided un subparagraph (B), 
                may not exceed the amount by which--
                          (i) the monetary allowance that (but 
                        for this subsection) would otherwise be 
                        so payable for such 12-month period, 
                        exceeds (if at all)
                          (ii) the applicable reduction amount 
                        for such 12-month period; and
                          (iii) shall not be less than the 
                        amount determined under paragraph (4).
          (2) Definition.--
                  (A) In general.--For purposes of paragraph 
                (1), the term ``applicable reduction amount'' 
                means, with respect to any modern former 
                President and in connection with any 12-month 
                period, the amount by which--
                          (i) the sum of--
                                  (I) the adjusted gross income 
                                (as defined in section 62 of 
                                the Internal Revenue Code of 
                                1966) of the modern former 
                                President for the most recent 
                                taxable year for which a tax 
                                return is available; and
                                  (II) any interest excluded 
                                from the gross income of the 
                                modern former President under 
                                section 103 of such Code for 
                                such taxable year, exceeds (if 
                                at all)
                          (iii) $400,000 subject to 
                        subparagraph (C).
                  (B) Joint returns.--In the case of a joint 
                return, subclauses (I) and (II) of subparagraph 
                (A)(i) shall be applied by taking into account 
                both the amounts properly allocable to the 
                modern former President and the amounts 
                properly allocable to the spouse of the modern 
                former President.
                  (C) Cost-of-living increases.--The dollar 
                amount specified in subparagraph (A)(ii) shall 
                be adjusted at the same time that, and by the 
                same percentage by which, the monetary 
                allowance of the modern former President is 
                increased under subsection (c) (disregarding 
                this subsection).
          (3) Disclosure requirement.
                  (A) Definitions.--In this paragraph--
                          (i) the terms ``returns'' and 
                        ``return information'' have the same 
                        meanings given those terms in section 
                        6103(b) of the Internal Revenue Code of 
                        1986; and
                          (ii) the term ``Secretary'' means the 
                        Secretary of the Treasury or the 
                        Secretary of the Treasury's delegate.
                  (B) Requirement.--A modern former President 
                may not receive a monetary allowance under 
                subsection (a)(2) unless the modern former 
                President discloses to the Secretary, upon the 
                request of the Secretary, any return or return 
                information of the modern former President or 
                spouse of the modern former President that the 
                Secretary determines is necessary for purposes 
                of calculating the applicable reduction amount 
                under paragraph (2) of this subsection.
                  (C) Confidentiality.--Except as provided in 
                section 6103 of the Internal Revenue Code of 
                1986 and notwithstanding any other provision of 
                law, the Secretary may not, with respect to a 
                return or return information disclosed to the 
                Secretary under subparagraph (B)--
                          (i) disclose the return or return 
                        information to any entity or person; or
                          (ii) use the return or return 
                        information for any purpose other than 
                        to calculate the applicable reduction 
                        amount under paragraph (2).
          (4) Increased costs due to security needs.--With 
        respect to the monetary allowance that would be payable 
        to a modern former President under subsection (a)(2) 
        for any 12-month period but for the limitation under 
        paragraph (1)(A) of this subsection, the Administrator 
        of General Services, in coordination with the Director 
        of the United States Secret Service, shall determine 
        the amount of the allowance that is needed to pay the 
        increased cost of doing business that is attributable 
        to the security needs of the modern former President.
    (e) Widows and Widowers.--The widow or widower of each 
modern former President shall be entitled to receive from the 
United States a monetary allowance at a rate of $100,000 per 
year (subject to paragraph (4)), payable monthly by the 
Secretary of the Treasury, if such widow or widower shall waive 
the right to each other annuity or pension to which she or he 
is entitled under any other Act of Congress. The monetary 
allowance of such widow or widower--
          (1) commences on the day after the modern former 
        President dies;
          (2) terminates on the last day of the month before 
        such widow or widower--
                  (A) dies; or
                  (B) remarries before becoming 60 years of 
                age;
          (3) is not payable for any period during which such 
        widow or widower holds an appointive or elective office 
        or position in or under the Federal Government to which 
        is attached a rate of pay other than a nominal rate; 
        and
          (4) shall, after its commencement date, be increased 
        at the same time that, and by the same percentage by 
        which, annuities of modern former Presidents are 
        increased under subsection (c).
    (f) Definition.--In this section, the term ``modern former 
President'' means a person--
          (1) who shall have held the office of the President 
        of the United States of America;
          (2) whose service in such office shall have 
        terminated--
                  (A) other than by removal pursuant to section 
                4 of article II of the Constitution of the 
                United States of America; and
                  (B) after the date of enactment of the 
                Presidential Allowance Modernization Act of 
                2019; and
          (3) who does not then currently hold such office.
[g] SECTION 3. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.
    There are authorized to be appropriated to the 
Administrator of General Services up to $1,000,000 for each 
former President or modern former President and up to $500,000 
for the spouse of each former President or modern former 
President each fiscal year for security and travel related 
expenses: Provided, That under the provisions set forth in 
section 3056, paragraph (a), subparagraph (3) of title 18, 
United States Code, the former President or modern former 
President and/or spouse was not receiving protection for a 
lifetime provided by the United States Secret Service under 
section 3056 paragraph (a) subparagraph (3) of title 18, United 
States Code; the protection provided by the United States 
Secret Service expired at its designated time; or the 
protection provided by the United States Secret Service was 
declined prior to authorized expiration in lieu of these funds.

                                  [all]