[Senate Report 115-157]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]


                                                    Calendar No. 221

115th Congress}                                            { Report
                                 SENATE
 1st Session  }                                            { 115-157

_______________________________________________________________________

                    DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY

                BLUE CAMPAIGN AUTHORIZATION ACT OF 2017

                               __________

                              R E P O R T

                                 OF THE

                   COMMITTEE ON HOMELAND SECURITY AND

                          GOVERNMENTAL AFFAIRS

                          UNITED STATES SENATE

                              TO ACCOMPANY

                                S. 1103

         TO AMEND THE HOMELAND SECURITY ACT OF 2002 TO REQUIRE
              THE SECRETARY OF HOMELAND SECURITY TO ISSUE
            DEPARTMENT-WIDE GUIDANCE AND TO DEVELOP TRAINING
PROGRAMS AS PART OF THE DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY BLUE CAMPAIGN, 
                         AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES

[GRAPHIC(S) NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT]


               September 14, 2017.--Ordered to be printed
        
        
        
                               __________
                                              

                    U.S. GOVERNMENT PUBLISHING OFFICE                    
                            WASHINGTON : 2017                     
               
        
        
      
        
        
        COMMITTEE ON HOMELAND SECURITY AND GOVERNMENTAL AFFAIRS

                    RON JOHNSON, Wisconsin, Chairman
JOHN McCAIN, Arizona                 CLAIRE McCASKILL, Missouri
ROB PORTMAN, Ohio                    THOMAS R. CARPER, Delaware
RAND PAUL, Kentucky                  JON TESTER, Montana
JAMES LANKFORD, Oklahoma             HEIDI HEITKAMP, North Dakota
MICHAEL B. ENZI, Wyoming             GARY C. PETERS, Michigan
JOHN HOEVEN, North Dakota            MAGGIE HASSAN, New Hampshire
STEVE DAINES, Montana                KAMALA D. HARRIS, California

                  Christopher R. Hixon, Staff Director
                Gabrielle D'Adamo Singer, Chief Counsel
              Rebecca N. Nuzzi, Professional Staff Member
               Margaret E. Daum, Minority Staff Director
               Stacia M. Cardille, Minority Chief Counsel
       Charles A. Moskowitz, Minority Senior Legislative Counsel
                    Sue Ramanathan, Minority Counsel
                     Laura W. Kilbride, Chief Clerk
                     
                     
                     
                                                  Calendar No. 221

115th Congress}                                            { Report
                                 SENATE
 1st Session  }                                            { 115-157                   
                     
======================================================================
 
DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY BLUE CAMPAIGN AUTHORIZATION ACT OF 2017

                                _______
                                

               September 14, 2017.--Ordered to be printed

                                _______
                                

 Mr. Johnson, from the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental 
                    Affairs, submitted the following

                              R E P O R T

                         [To accompany S. 1103]

      [Including cost estimate of the Congressional Budget Office]

    The Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental 
Affairs, to which was referred the bill (S. 1103) to amend the 
Homeland Security Act of 2002 to require the Secretary of 
Homeland Security to issue Department-wide guidance and to 
develop training programs as part of the Department of Homeland 
Security Blue Campaign, and for other purposes, having 
considered the same, reports favorably thereon without 
amendment and recommends that the bill do pass.

                                CONTENTS

                                                                   Page
  I. Purpose and Summary..............................................1
 II. Background and Need for the Legislation..........................2
III. Legislative History..............................................6
 IV. Section-by-Section Analysis......................................6
  V. Evaluation of Regulatory Impact..................................7
 VI. Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate........................7
VII. Changes in Existing Law Made by the Bill, as Reported............7

                         I. Purpose and Summary

    The purpose of S. 1103, the Department of Homeland Security 
Blue Campaign Authorization Act of 2017, is to codify the 
existing Blue Campaign within the Department of Homeland 
Security (``DHS'' or ``the Department''). The bill requires the 
Secretary of Homeland Security to issue Department-wide 
guidance and to develop training programs as a part of the 
program.
    Since its creation in 2010, the Blue Campaign has operated 
on a continuing appropriation and lacked permanent leadership 
to oversee and coordinate related activities across DHS 
agencies involved in the program. S. 1103 requires the 
Secretary to appoint a director and establish formal 
Department-wide guidance and training programs.

              II. Background and the Need for Legislation


Background

    Human trafficking, or trafficking in persons, is one of the 
most pervasive and lucrative crimes in the world.\1\ Each year, 
human traffickers exploit tens of millions of men, women, and 
children.\2\ Such modern day slavery has been estimated to 
generate more than $150 billion annually.\3\
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    \1\What Is Human Trafficking?, Dep't of Homeland Sec., https://
www.dhs.gov/blue-campaign/what-human-trafficking (last visited July 24, 
2017). Trafficking in persons is defined by the United Nations as ``the 
recruitment, transportation, transfer, harbouring or receipt of 
persons, by means of the threat or use of force or other forms of 
coercion, of abduction, of fraud, of deception, of the abuse of power 
or of a position of vulnerability or of the giving or receiving of 
payments or benefits to achieve the consent of a person having control 
over another person, for the purpose of exploitation.'' U.N. Off. on 
Drugs & Crime, United Nations Convention Against Transnational 
Organized Crime and the Protocols Thereto, 42 (2004), available at 
https://www.unodc.org/documents/treaties/UNTOC/Publications/
TOC%20Convention/TOCebook-e.pdf.
    \2\The International Labour Organization (ILO) estimated in 2012 
that around 20.9 million people live as forced laborers. See 
International Labour Office, ILO Global Estimate of Forced Labour: 
Results and Methodology, 13 (2012), available at http://www.ilo.org/
global/topics/forced-labour/publications/WCMS_182004/lang--en/
index.htm.
    \3\International Labour Office, Profits and Poverty: The Economics 
of Forced Labour, 13 (2014), available at http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/
groups/public/---ed_norm/---declaration/documents/publication/
wcms_243391.pdf.
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    Although increased national and international attention has 
resulted in a larger number of reports of suspected human 
trafficking, the number of reported incidences vastly 
underplays the scale of the industry.\4\ According to the State 
Department's 2017 Trafficking in Persons (TIP) report, fewer 
than 10,000 human traffickers were convicted worldwide in 2016, 
while the estimated number of victims remains in the tens of 
millions.\5\
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    \4\See Elzbieta Gozdziak, Data Matters: Issues and Challenges for 
Research on Trafficking, in Global Human Trafficking, Critical Issues 
and Contexts (Molly Dragiewicz ed., 2015).
    \5\Dep't. of State, Trafficking in Persons Report, 6 (June 2017), 
available at https://www.state.gov/documents/organization/271339.pdf.
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    Victims are unlikely to self-report, due to fears that the 
victims might themselves become targets for prosecution by 
authorities, or fears of reprisal and intimidation from their 
traffickers.\6\ In addition, the public remains largely unaware 
of the existence, let alone the prevalence, of the problem.\7\ 
This has created an environment in which traffickers are able 
to operate under a presumption of impunity in virtually every 
country in the world, including the United States.\8\
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    \6\International Organization for Migration, Data and Research on 
Human Trafficking: A Global Survey, 12, 43 in International Migration 
(Frank Laczko and Elzbieta Godzdziak eds., Vol. 43 [1/2] 2005), 
available at http://publications.iom.int/system/files/pdf/
global_survey.pdf.
    \7\Dep't. of Justice, Dep't. of Health & Human Serv's., Dep't. of 
Homeland Sec., Federal Strategic Action Plan on Services for Victims of 
Human Trafficking in the United States 2013-2017, 25 (2014), available 
at https://www.ovc.gov/pubs/FederalHumanTraffickingStrategicPlan.pdf.
    \8\U.N. Off. on Drugs and Crime, Global Report on Trafficking in 
Persons, 51 (2016), available at http://www.unodc.org/documents/data-
and-analysis/glotip/2016_Global_Report_on_Trafficking_ in_Persons.pdf.
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Trafficking in the United States

    In 2000, Congress passed the Trafficking Victims Protection 
Act (TVPA).\9\ The TVPA defined human trafficking as ``the 
illicit enslavement of individuals into labor or commercial sex 
through means of force, fraud, or coercion.''\10\ The State 
Department has characterized the United States as a source, 
transit, and destination country for trafficking victims.\11\ 
With no formal estimate of the total number of victims in the 
United States, it is difficult to define the scope of domestic 
human trafficking. However, DHS and its partners have 
identified cases of trafficking in all 50 states, where 
victims, including citizens and non-citizens, are defrauded, 
threatened, and coerced into forced labor or commercial sex on 
a daily basis.\12\ Victims can be found working in both 
legitimate and illegitimate fields of employment including the 
hospitality, agriculture, construction, and restaurant 
industries, as well as in sweatshops, massage parlors, and in 
domestic service.\13\
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    \9\Victims of Trafficking and Violence Prevention Act of 2000, Pub. 
L. No. 106-386 (2000); Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000, 22 
U.S.C. Sec. Sec. 7101-7112 (2000).
    \10\TVPA was reauthorized in 2006, 2008, and in 2013. See Pub. L. 
No. 108-64 (2006); Pub. L. No. 110-457 (2008); as an amendment of the 
Violence Against Women Act, Pub. L. No. 113-4 Title XII (2013).
    \11\Department of State, supra note 5, at 420.
    \12\Department of Justice, Department of Health and Human Services, 
Homeland Security, supra note 5, at 5.
    \13\Id.
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    In the past, the Department of Justice (DOJ) has estimated 
that as many as 600,000 to 800,000 victims are trafficked 
across international borders annually.\14\ The majority of 
victims are women and young girls, most of whom are exploited 
as sex workers.\15\ Although the exact numbers are uncertain, 
DOJ estimated that anywhere from 14,500 to 17,500 victims are 
trafficked into the United States;\16\ however, unlike other 
Western democracies, where the majority of sex trafficking 
victims are foreign, most sex trafficking victims in the United 
States are U.S.-born minors.\17\ A 2016 DOJ-funded study 
estimated the total number of juveniles in the sex trade in the 
United States to be between 9,000 and 10,000.\18\
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    \14\Dep't. of Justice, Attorney General's Annual Report to Congress 
on U.S. Government Activities to Combat Trafficking in Persons: Fiscal 
Year 2005, 3 (June 2006), available at https://www.justice.gov/archive/
ag/annualreports/tr2005/agreporthumantrafficing2005.pdf.
    \15\DOJ estimates that as many as 80 percent of individuals 
trafficked internationally are women and young girls and that 70 
percent are trafficked for the purpose of sexual exploitation. Id. at 
5.
    \16\Dep't. of Justice, Attorney General's Annual Report to Congress 
on U.S. Government Activities to Combat Trafficking in Persons: Fiscal 
Year 2005, 3 (June 2006), available at https://www.justice.gov/archive/
ag/annualreports/tr2005/agreporthumantrafficing2005.pdf.
    \17\Louise Shelley, Human Trafficking: A Global Perspective, 262 
(Eric Crahan ed., 2010).
    \18\Citing limitations in data, the authors of the study reported a 
wider range of 4,457-20,995 victims. Center for Court Innovation, Youth 
Involvement in the Sex Trade: A National Study, 88 (June 2016), 
available at https://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/ojjdp/grants/
249952.pdf?ed2f26df2d9c416fbddddd2330a778c6=jaccjssvkj-jdvsadwa.
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The DHS Blue Campaign

    DHS utilizes a victim-centered strategy to confront 
domestic human trafficking and is dually committed to 
identifying victims and to finding and prosecuting 
traffickers.\19\ In 2010, DHS Secretary Janet Napolitano 
launched the Blue Campaign program to serve as the Department's 
unified voice in the fight against human trafficking and to 
raise public awareness about human trafficking taking place 
within the United States' national borders.\20\
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    \19\Blue Campaign, Dep't. of Homeland Sec., https://www.dhs.gov/
blue-campaign (last visited July 24, 2017).
    \20\Blue Campaign: About, Dep't. of Homeland Sec., https://
www.dhs.gov/blue-campaign/about-blue-campaign (last visited July 24, 
2017).
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    Through the Blue Campaign, DHS provides formal training on 
indicators of human trafficking to people who are most likely 
to encounter a victim or a trafficker, including first 
responders, healthcare providers, social workers, community 
volunteers, and law enforcement officers.\21\ The program 
includes formal training on methods and techniques to recognize 
and report possible instances of human trafficking.\22\
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    \21\Blue Campaign: Partnerships, Dep't. of Homeland Sec., https://
www.dhs.gov/blue-campaign/partnerships (last visited July 31, 2017).
    \22\See Combating Human Trafficking: Federal, State, and Local 
Perspectives: Hearing Before the S. Comm. On Homeland Sec. & 
Governmental Affairs, 113th Cong. (2013), available at https://
www.hsgac.senate.gov/hearings/combating-human-trafficking-federal-
state-and-local-perspectives.
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    Section 902 of the Justice for Victims of Trafficking Act 
of 2015\23\ requires mandatory human trafficking awareness and 
training for ``relevant personnel'' working for the 
Transportation Security Administration (TSA), Customs and 
Border Protection (CBP), and any other appropriate Department 
personnel.\24\ DHS issued a directive requiring mandatory human 
trafficking awareness training on an annual basis for CBP and 
TSA employees, as well as on an annual basis for relevant 
personnel at the Federal Emergency Management Agency, Federal 
Law Enforcement Training Centers, U.S. Citizenship and 
Immigration Services (USCIS), Immigration and Customs 
Enforcement (ICE), U.S. Coast Guard (USCG), and U.S. Secret 
Service.\25\ The Blue Campaign provides updated information and 
training strategies to ensure all relevant personnel remain 
informed of the latest anti-human trafficking trends and 
policies.\26\ As a result, the Blue Campaign reported that over 
130,000 DHS employees and 319 USCG units completed human 
trafficking training, in 2016.\27\
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    \23\Justice for Victims of Trafficking Act, Pub. L. No. 114-22 
(2015).
    \24\Id. at Title IX, Sec. 902.
    \25\Dep't. of Homeland Sec., Dir. 045-03, Justice for Victims of 
Trafficking Act (Mar. 22, 2016).
    \26\Dep't. of Homeland Sec., Human Trafficking Awareness Training 
for Department of Homeland Security Personnel (2017) (on file with 
Committee staff).
    \27\Id. at 6.
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    As of 2015, the DHS Blue Campaign had provided training to 
Federal human trafficking task forces in all 50 states, 
educating more than 10,000 state, local, and campus law 
enforcement professionals, and over 2,000 foreign law 
enforcement partners.\28\ More than 70,000 aviation industry 
personnel completed anti-human trafficking training through the 
Blue Campaign's Blue Lightning Initiative.\29\
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    \28\DHS Blue Campaign Five Year Milestone, U.S. Dep't. of Homeland 
Sec. (July 22, 2015, 2:31 PM), https://www.dhs.gov/blog/2015/07/22/dhs-
blue-campaign-five-year-milestone.
    \29\Blue Lightning, U.S. Customs and Border Protection (Nov. 7, 
2016), https://www.cbp.gov/border-security/human-trafficking/blue-
lightning.
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    In fiscal year (FY) 2016, ICE's Homeland Security 
Investigations unit opened 1,029 investigations possibly 
involving human trafficking.\30\ These investigations led to 
1,952 arrests, 631 convictions of perpetrators, and ultimately 
the rescue of over 2,000 human trafficking victims.\31\ A total 
of 437 victims were identified and assisted.\32\ USCIS, granted 
immigration relief through T visas for nonimmigrant status to 
750 victims and 986 family members in FY2016, an increase from 
FY2015 when T visas were granted to 610 victims and 694 family 
members.\33\
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    \30\Department of Homeland Security, supra note 24, at 8.
    \31\Briefing between Dep't of Homeland Sec. and S. Comm. of 
Homeland Sec. and Governmental Affairs (2017).
    \32\Id.
    \33\Dep't. of State, supra note 5, at 418.
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S. 1103

    S. 1103, the Department of Homeland Security Blue Campaign 
Authorization Act of 2017, formally authorizes the Blue 
Campaign within DHS. Additionally, the bill requires the 
Secretary of DHS to appoint a Director to manage the Blue 
Campaign, which has operated without statutorily-formalized 
leadership or structure since its inception.
    The bill also requires the Department to improve 
information sharing between components to prevent trafficking 
to address a recommendation provided by the DHS Inspector 
General. A 2016 DHS Office of Inspector General (OIG) report 
identified inefficiencies in information sharing within DHS 
components that hinder the Department's ability to identify and 
prevent human trafficking.\34\ The Inspector General identified 
``known human traffickers used work and fiance visas to bring 
victims into the country.''\35\ The Inspector General also 
found that ``274 subjects of ICE human trafficking 
investigations successfully petitioned USCIS to bring 425 
family members and fiances into the United States.''\36\ Since 
the DHS OIG report, DHS has attempted to modernize information 
technology systems and information sharing capacity.\37\ S. 
1103 requires the Department to complete these efforts by 
requiring the Secretary of DHS ensure the integration of 
technology systems utilized within the Department to record and 
track information regarding individuals suspected or convicted 
of human trafficking.
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    \34\U.S. Department of Homeland Security Office of Inspector 
General, OIG-16-17, ICE and USCIS Could Improve Data Quality and 
Exchange to Help Identify Potential Human Trafficking Cases (2016), 
available at https://www.oig.dhs.gov/assets/Mgmt/2016/OIG-16-17-
Jan16.pdf.
    \35\Id. at 7.
    \36\Id. at 2.
    \37\Briefing, supra note 29.
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    Under S. 1103, the Secretary and Blue Campaign director are 
required to ensure information sharing is consistent across 
DHS. The information relied upon by DHS components must be as 
accurate and accessible as possible, particularly when the 
information is being used to track down and prosecute 
perpetrators of human trafficking, and protect their victims 
from further harm or mistreatment.
    According to the State Department's 2016 and 2017 TIP 
reports, survivor advocates continued to report cases of local 
and state authorities detaining or prosecuting trafficking 
victims for conduct committed as a direct result of being 
subjected to trafficking.\38\ This bill seeks to address those 
concerns by granting DHS permanent authority to continue its 
education and outreach efforts to promote understanding and 
awareness of human trafficking. It also prevents victims from 
being treated as criminals rather than victims by law 
enforcement and social services.
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    \38\Dep't. of State, supra note 5, at 416; see also Dep't. of 
State, Trafficking in Persons Report 391 (June 2016), available at 
https://www.state.gov/documents/organization/271339.pdf.
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    Finally, the bill requires the Secretary to submit an 
annual report describing the overall effectiveness of the Blue 
Campaign and the changes required by the bill.

                        III. Legislative History

    Chairman Ron Johnson (R-WI) and Ranking Member Claire 
McCaskill (D-MO) introduced S. 1103, the Department of Homeland 
Security Blue Campaign Authorization Act of 2017, on May 11, 
2017. The bill was referred to the Committee on Homeland 
Security and Governmental Affairs.
    The Committee considered S. 1103 at a business meeting on 
May 17, 2017. The legislation was reported favorably by voice 
vote en bloc. Senators Johnson, McCain, Portman, Lankford, 
Enzi, Hoeven, Daines, McCaskill, Tester, Heitkamp, Peters, 
Hassan, and Harris were present.

        IV. Section-by-Section Analysis of the Bill, as Reported


Section 1. Short title

    This section provides the bill's short title, the 
``Department of Homeland Security Blue Campaign Authorization 
Act of 2017.''

Section 2. Enhanced Department of Homeland Security coordination 
        through the Blue Campaign

    Subsections (a), (b), and (c) of this section define the 
term ``human trafficking'' and establish the Blue Campaign 
within the Department of Homeland Security for the purpose of 
coordinating the Department's human trafficking efforts.
    Subsection (d) of this section outlines the 
responsibilities of the Secretary--acting through the 
Director--in carrying out the Blue Campaign program: issuing 
Department-wide guidance; developing training programs; and 
coordinating the Department's training efforts.
    Finally, subsection (e) of this section mandates that the 
Blue Campaign provide guidance and training to appropriate DHS, 
Federal, state, tribal, and law enforcement personnel, 
including regarding: how to identify human traffickers and 
human trafficking victims; how to collect information that can 
be utilized to help identify human traffickers; and proper 
information sharing.

Section 3. Information technology systems

    This section directs the Secretary of Homeland Security to 
ensure the integration of information technology systems 
utilized within the Department to record and track information 
regarding individuals suspected or convicted of human 
trafficking.

Section 4. Report

    This section requires the Secretary of Homeland Security to 
submit a report to the Committee on Homeland Security and 
Governmental Affairs of the Senate and the Committee on 
Homeland Security of the House of Representatives on (1) the 
effectiveness of the Blue Campaign and (2) the appropriate 
office within DHS to place the Blue Campaign.
    This report must be issued no later than 18 months after 
the date of the enactment of this bill.

Section 5. Authorization of appropriations

    This section authorizes $819,000 to be appropriated to 
carry out the requirements of this bill.

                   V. Evaluation of Regulatory Impact

    Pursuant to the requirements of paragraph 11(b) of rule 
XXVI of the Standing Rules of the Senate, the Committee has 
considered the regulatory impact of this bill and determined 
that the bill will have no regulatory impact within the meaning 
of the rules. The Committee agrees with the Congressional 
Budget Office's statement that the bill contains no 
intergovernmental or private-sector mandates as defined in the 
Unfunded Mandates Reform Act (UMRA) and would impose no costs 
on state, local, or tribal governments.

             VI. Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate

                                                   August 17, 2017.
Hon. Ron Johnson,
Chairman, Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs, U.S. 
        Senate, Washington, DC.
    Dear Mr. Chairman: The Congressional Budget Office has 
prepared the enclosed cost estimate for S. 1103, the Department 
of Homeland Security Blue Campaign Authorization Act of 2017.
    If you wish further details on this estimate, we will be 
pleased to provide them. The CBO staff contact is Mark 
Grabowicz.
            Sincerely,
                                                        Keith Hall.
    Enclosure.

S. 1103--Department of Homeland Security Blue Campaign Authorization 
        Act of 2017

    S. 1103 would authorize the Department of Homeland Security 
(DHS) to implement a program to combat human trafficking; this 
program would be known as the Blue Campaign. (DHS currently 
carries out a similar program, which includes activities to 
raise awareness of human trafficking and training for law 
enforcement personnel.) The bill would authorize a total 
appropriation of $819,000 for the campaign. Assuming 
appropriation of that amount, CBO estimates that implementing 
the bill would cost $819,000.
    Enacting the bill would not affect direct spending or 
revenues; therefore, pay-as-you-go procedures do not apply. CBO 
estimates that enacting S. 1103 would not increase net direct 
spending or on-budget deficits in any of the four consecutive 
10-year periods beginning in 2028.
    S. 1103 contains no intergovernmental or private-sector 
mandates as defined in the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act and 
would impose no costs on state, local, or tribal governments.
    The CBO staff contact for this estimate is Mark Grabowicz. 
The estimate was approved by Theresa Gullo, Assistant Director 
for Budget Analysis.

       VII. Changes in Existing Law Made by the Bill, as Reported

    In compliance with paragraph 12 of rule XXVI of the 
Standing Rules of the Senate, changes in existing law made by 
S. 1103 as reported, are shown as follows (existing law 
proposed to be omitted is enclosed in brackets, new matter is 
printed in italic, and existing law in which no change is 
proposed is shown in roman):

HOMELAND SECURITY ACT OF 2002

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *


TITLE IV--BORDER, MARITIME, AND TRANSPORTATION SECURITY

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *


Subtitle C--Miscellaneous Provisions

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *


SEC. 434. DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY BLUE CAMPAIGN.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section, the term `human 
trafficking' means an act or practice described in paragraph 
(9) or (10) of section 103 of the Trafficking Victims 
Protection Act of 2002 (22 U.S.C. 7102).
    (b) Establishment.--There is established within the 
Department a program, which shall be known as the `Blue 
Campaign.' The Blue Campaign shall be headed by a Director, who 
shall be appointed by the Secretary.
    (c) Purpose.--The purpose of the Blue Campaign shall be to 
unify and coordinate Department efforts to address human 
trafficking.
    (d) Responsibilities.--The Secretary, working through the 
Director, shall, in accordance with subsection (e)--
          (1) issue Department-wide guidance to appropriate 
        Department personnel;
          (2) develop training programs for such personnel; and
          (3) coordinate departmental efforts, including 
        training for such personnel.
    (e) Guidance and Training.--The Blue Campaign shall provide 
guidance and training to appropriate Department personnel and 
other Federal, State, tribal, and law enforcement personnel, as 
appropriate regarding--
          (1) programs to help identify instances of human 
        trafficking;
          (2) the types of information that should be collected 
        and recorded in information technology systems utilized 
        by the Department to help identify individuals 
        suspected or convicted of human trafficking;
          (3) systematic and routine information sharing within 
        the Department and among Federal, State, tribal, and 
        local law enforcement agencies regarding--
                  (A) individuals suspected or convicted of 
                human trafficking; and
                  (B) patterns and practices of human 
                trafficking;
          (4) techniques to identify suspected victims of 
        trafficking along the United States border and at 
        airport security checkpoints;
          (5) methods to be used by the Transportation Security 
        Administration and personnel from other appropriate 
        agencies--
                  (A) to educate partners and stakeholders;
                  (B) to increase public awareness of human 
                trafficking;
          (7) leveraging partnerships with State and local 
        governmental, nongovernmental, and private sector 
        organizations to raise public awareness of human 
        trafficking; and
          (8) any other activities the Secretary determines 
        necessary to carry out the Blue Campaign.

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *


                                  [all]