[House Report 114-763]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]


114th Congress    }                                  {       Report
                        HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
 2d Session       }                                  {         114-763
======================================================================
 
  SUPPORTING YOUTH OPPORTUNITY AND PREVENTING DELINQUENCY ACT OF 2016

                                _______
                                

 September 20, 2016.--Committed to the Committee of the Whole House on 
            the State of the Union and ordered to be printed

                                _______
                                

Mr. Kline, from the Committee on Education and the Workforce, submitted 
                             the following

                              R E P O R T

                        [To accompany H.R. 5963]

      [Including cost estimate of the Congressional Budget Office]

    The Committee on Education and the Workforce, to whom was 
referred the bill (H.R. 5963) to reauthorize and improve the 
Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974, and 
for other purposes, having considered the same, report 
favorably thereon with an amendment and recommend that the bill 
as amended do pass.
    The amendment is as follows:
  Strike all after the enacting clause and insert the 
following:

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

  This Act may be cited as the ``Supporting Youth Opportunity and 
Preventing Delinquency Act of 2016''.

SEC. 2. TABLE OF CONTENTS.

  The table of contents for this Act is as follows:

Sec. 1. Short title.
Sec. 2. Table of contents.

       TITLE I--DECLARATION OF FINDINGS, PURPOSE, AND DEFINITIONS

Sec. 101. Findings.
Sec. 102. Purposes.
Sec. 103. Definitions.

         TITLE II--JUVENILE JUSTICE AND DELINQUENCY PREVENTION

Sec. 201. Concentration of Federal efforts.
Sec. 202. Coordinating Council on Juvenile Justice and Delinquency 
Prevention.
Sec. 203. Annual report.
Sec. 204. Allocation of funds.
Sec. 205. State plans.
Sec. 206. Repeal of juvenile delinquency prevention block grant 
program.
Sec. 207. Research and evaluation; statistical analyses; information 
dissemination.
Sec. 208. Training and technical assistance.
Sec. 209. Authorization of appropriations.
Sec. 210. Administrative authority.

 TITLE III--INCENTIVE GRANTS FOR LOCAL DELINQUENCY PREVENTION PROGRAMS

Sec. 301. Short Title.
Sec. 302. Definitions.
Sec. 303. Duties and functions of the administrator.
Sec. 304. Grants for delinquency prevention programs.
Sec. 305. Grants for tribal delinquency prevention and response 
programs.
Sec. 306. Authorization of appropriations.
Sec. 307. Technical amendment.

                   TITLE IV--MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS

Sec. 401. Evaluation by Government Accountability Office.
Sec. 402. Accountability and oversight.

       TITLE I--DECLARATION OF FINDINGS, PURPOSE, AND DEFINITIONS

SEC. 101. FINDINGS.

  Section 101(a)(9) of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention 
Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5601(a)(9)) is amended by inserting ``, 
including offenders who enter the juvenile justice system as the result 
of sexual abuse, exploitation, and trauma,'' after ``young juvenile 
offenders''.

SEC. 102. PURPOSES.

  Section 102 of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 
1974 (42 U.S.C. 5602) is amended--
          (1) in paragraph (1), by inserting ``, tribal,'' after 
        ``State'';
          (2) in paragraph (2)--
                  (A) by inserting ``, tribal,'' after ``State''; and
                  (B) by striking ``and'' at the end;
          (3) by amending paragraph (3) to read as follows:
          ``(3) to assist State, tribal, and local governments in 
        addressing juvenile crime through the provision of technical 
        assistance, research, training, evaluation, and the 
        dissemination of current and relevant information on effective 
        and evidence-based programs and practices for combating 
        juvenile delinquency; and''; and
          (4) by adding at the end the following:
          ``(4) to support a continuum of evidence-based or promising 
        programs (including delinquency prevention, intervention, 
        mental health, behavioral health and substance abuse treatment, 
        family services, and services for children exposed to violence) 
        that are trauma informed, reflect the science of adolescent 
        development, and are designed to meet the needs of at-risk 
        youth and youth who come into contact with the justice 
        system.''.

SEC. 103. DEFINITIONS.

  Section 103 of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 
1974 (42 U.S.C. 5603) is amended--
          (1) in paragraph (8)--
                  (A) in subparagraph (B)(ii), by adding ``or'' at the 
                end;
                  (B) by striking subparagraph (C); and
                  (C) by redesignating subparagraph (D) as subparagraph 
                (C);
          (2) in paragraph (18) by adding at the end the following:
        ``that has a law enforcement function, as determined by the 
        Secretary of the Interior in consultation with the Attorney 
        General;''.
          (3) by amending paragraph (22) to read as follows:
          ``(22) the term `jail or lockup for adults' means a secure 
        facility that is used by a State, unit of local government, or 
        law enforcement authority to detain or confine adult 
        inmates;'';
          (4) by amending paragraph (25) to read as follows:
          ``(25) the term `sight or sound contact' means any physical, 
        clear visual, or verbal contact that is not brief and 
        inadvertent;'';
          (5) by amending paragraph (26) to read as follows:
          ``(26) the term `adult inmate'--
                  ``(A) means an individual who--
                          ``(i) has reached the age of full criminal 
                        responsibility under applicable State law; and
                          ``(ii) has been arrested and is in custody 
                        for or awaiting trial on a criminal charge, or 
                        is convicted of a criminal offense; and
                  ``(B) does not include an individual who--
                          ``(i) at the time of the time of the offense, 
                        was younger than the maximum age at which a 
                        youth can be held in a juvenile facility under 
                        applicable State law; and
                          ``(ii) was committed to the care and custody 
                        or supervision, including post-placement or 
                        parole supervision, of a juvenile correctional 
                        agency by a court of competent jurisdiction or 
                        by operation of applicable State law;'';
          (6) in paragraph (28), by striking ``and'' at the end;
          (7) in paragraph (29), by striking the period at the end and 
        inserting a semicolon; and
          (8) by adding at the end the following:
          ``(30) the term `core requirements'--
                  ``(A) means the requirements described in paragraphs 
                (11), (12), (13), and (15) of section 223(a); and
                  ``(B) does not include the data collection 
                requirements described in subparagraphs (A) through (K) 
                of section 207(1);
          ``(31) the term `chemical agent' means a spray or injection 
        used to temporarily incapacitate a person, including oleoresin 
        capsicum spray, tear gas, and 2-chlorobenzalmalononitrile gas;
          ``(32) the term `isolation'--
                  ``(A) means any instance in which a youth is confined 
                alone for more than 10 minutes in a room or cell; and
                  ``(B) does not include--
                          ``(i) confinement during regularly scheduled 
                        sleeping hours;
                          ``(ii) separation based on a treatment 
                        program approved by a licensed medical or 
                        mental health professional;
                          ``(iii) confinement or separation that is 
                        requested by the youth; or
                          ``(iv) the separation of the youth from a 
                        group in a nonlocked setting for the limited 
                        purpose of calming;
          ``(33) the term `restraints' has the meaning given that term 
        in section 591 of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 
        290ii);
          ``(34) the term `evidence-based' means a program or practice 
        that--
                  ``(A) is demonstrated to be effective when 
                implemented with fidelity;
                  ``(B) is based on a clearly articulated and 
                empirically supported theory;
                  ``(C) has measurable outcomes relevant to juvenile 
                justice, including a detailed description of the 
                outcomes produced in a particular population, whether 
                urban or rural; and
                  ``(D) has been scientifically tested and proven 
                effective through randomized control studies or 
                comparison group studies and with the ability to 
                replicate and scale;
          ``(35) the term `promising' means a program or practice 
        that--
                  ``(A) is demonstrated to be effective based on 
                positive outcomes relevant to juvenile justice from 1 
                or more objective, independent, and scientifically 
                valid evaluations, as documented in writing to the 
                Administrator; and
                  ``(B) will be evaluated through a well-designed and 
                rigorous study, as described in paragraph (34)(D);
          ``(36) the term `dangerous practice' means an act, procedure, 
        or program that creates an unreasonable risk of physical 
        injury, pain, or psychological harm to a juvenile subjected to 
        the act, procedure, or program;
          ``(37) the term `screening' means a brief process--
                  ``(A) designed to identify youth who may have mental 
                health, behavioral health, substance abuse, or other 
                needs requiring immediate attention, intervention, and 
                further evaluation; and
                  ``(B) the purpose of which is to quickly identify a 
                youth with possible mental health, behavioral health, 
                substance abuse, or other needs in need of further 
                assessment;
          ``(38) the term `assessment' includes, at a minimum, an 
        interview and review of available records and other pertinent 
        information--
                  ``(A) by an appropriately trained professional who is 
                licensed or certified by the applicable State in the 
                mental health, behavioral health, or substance abuse 
                fields; and
                  ``(B) which is designed to identify significant 
                mental health, behavioral health, or substance abuse 
                treatment needs to be addressed during a youth's 
                confinement;
          ``(39) for purposes of section 223(a)(15), the term `contact' 
        means the points at which a youth and the juvenile justice 
        system or criminal justice system officially intersect, 
        including interactions with a juvenile justice, juvenile court, 
        or law enforcement official;
          ``(40) the term `trauma-informed' means--
                  ``(A) understanding the impact that exposure to 
                violence and trauma have on a youth's physical, 
                psychological, and psychosocial development;
                  ``(B) recognizing when a youth has been exposed to 
                violence and trauma and is in need of help to recover 
                from the adverse impacts of trauma; and
                  ``(C) responding in ways that resist 
                retraumatization;
          ``(41) the term `racial and ethnic disparity' means minority 
        youth populations are involved at a decision point in the 
        juvenile justice system at higher rates, incrementally or 
        cumulatively, than non-minority youth at that decision point;
          ``(42) the term `status offender' means a juvenile who is 
        charged with or who has committed an offense that would not be 
        criminal if committed by an adult;
          ``(43) the term `rural' means an area that is not located in 
        a metropolitan statistical area, as defined by the Office of 
        Management and Budget;
          ``(44) the term `internal controls' means a process 
        implemented to provide reasonable assurance regarding the 
        achievement of objectives in--
                  ``(A) effectiveness and efficiency of operations, 
                such as grant management practices;
                  ``(B) reliability of reporting for internal and 
                external use; and
                  ``(C) compliance with applicable laws and 
                regulations, as well as recommendations of the Office 
                of Inspector General and the Government Accountability 
                Office; and
          ``(45) the term `tribal government' means the governing body 
        of an Indian tribe.''.

         TITLE II--JUVENILE JUSTICE AND DELINQUENCY PREVENTION

SEC. 201. CONCENTRATION OF FEDERAL EFFORTS.

  Section 204 of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 
1974 (42 U.S.C. 5614) is amended--
          (1) in subsection (a)--
                  (A) in paragraph (1), in the first sentence--
                          (i) by striking ``a long-term plan, and 
                        implement'' and inserting the following: ``a 
                        long-term plan to improve the juvenile justice 
                        system in the United States, taking into 
                        account scientific knowledge regarding 
                        adolescent development and behavior and 
                        regarding the effects of delinquency prevention 
                        programs and juvenile justice interventions on 
                        adolescents, and shall implement''; and
                          (ii) by striking ``research, and improvement 
                        of the juvenile justice system in the United 
                        States'' and inserting ``and research''; and
                  (B) in paragraph (2)(B), by striking ``Federal 
                Register'' and all that follows and inserting ``Federal 
                Register during the 30-day period ending on October 1 
                of each year.''; and
          (2) in subsection (b)--
                  (A) by striking paragraph (7);
                  (B) by redesignating paragraphs (5) and (6) as 
                paragraphs (6) and (7), respectively;
                  (C) by inserting after paragraph (4), the following:
          ``(5) not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of 
        the Supporting Youth Opportunity and Preventing Delinquency Act 
        of 2016, in consultation with Indian tribes, develop a policy 
        for the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention 
        to collaborate with representatives of Indian tribes with a 
        criminal justice function on the implementation of the 
        provisions of this Act relating to Indian tribes;'';
                  (D) in paragraph (6), as so redesignated, by adding 
                ``and'' at the end; and
                  (E) in paragraph (7), as so redesignated--
                          (i) by striking ``monitoring'';
                          (ii) by striking ``section 223(a)(15)'' and 
                        inserting ``section 223(a)(16)''; and
                          (iii) by striking ``to review the adequacy of 
                        such systems; and'' and inserting ``for 
                        monitoring compliance.''.

SEC. 202. COORDINATING COUNCIL ON JUVENILE JUSTICE AND DELINQUENCY 
                    PREVENTION.

  Section 206 of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 
1974 (42 U.S.C. 5616) is amended--
          (1) in subsection (a)--
                  (A) in paragraph (1)--
                          (i) by inserting ``the Administrator of the 
                        Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services 
                        Administration, the Secretary of the 
                        Interior,'' after ``the Secretary of Health and 
                        Human Services,''; and
                          (ii) by striking ``Commissioner of 
                        Immigration and Naturalization'' and inserting 
                        ``Assistant Secretary for Immigration and 
                        Customs Enforcement''; and
                  (B) in paragraph (2), by striking ``United States'' 
                and inserting ``Federal Government''; and
          (2) in subsection (c)--
                  (A) in paragraph (1), by striking ``paragraphs 
                (12)(A), (13), and (14) of section 223(a) of this 
                title'' and inserting ``the core requirements''; and
                  (B) in paragraph (2)--
                          (i) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), 
                        by inserting ``, on an annual basis'' after 
                        ``collectively''; and
                          (ii) by striking subparagraph (B) and 
                        inserting the following:
                  ``(B) not later than 120 days after the completion of 
                the last meeting of the Council during any fiscal year, 
                submit to the Committee on Education and the Workforce 
                of the House of Representatives and the Committee on 
                the Judiciary of the Senate a report that--
                          ``(i) contains the recommendations described 
                        in subparagraph (A);
                          ``(ii) includes a detailed account of the 
                        activities conducted by the Council during the 
                        fiscal year, including a complete detailed 
                        accounting of expenses incurred by the Council 
                        to conduct operations in accordance with this 
                        section;
                          ``(iii) is published on the Web sites of the 
                        Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency 
                        Prevention, the Council, and the Department of 
                        Justice; and
                          ``(iv) is in addition to the annual report 
                        required under section 207.''.

SEC. 203. ANNUAL REPORT.

  Section 207 of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 
1974 (42 U.S.C. 5617) is amended--
          (1) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by striking ``a 
        fiscal year'' and inserting ``each fiscal year'';
          (2) in paragraph (1)--
                  (A) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``and gender'' 
                and inserting ``, gender, and ethnicity, as such term 
                is defined by the Bureau of the Census,'';
                  (B) in subparagraph (E), by striking ``and'' at the 
                end;
                  (C) in subparagraph (F)--
                          (i) by inserting ``and other'' before 
                        ``disabilities,''; and
                          (ii) by striking the period at the end and 
                        inserting a semicolon; and
                  (D) by adding at the end the following:
                  ``(G) a summary of data from 1 month of the 
                applicable fiscal year of the use of restraints and 
                isolation upon juveniles held in the custody of secure 
                detention and correctional facilities operated by a 
                State or unit of local government;
                  ``(H) the number of status offense cases petitioned 
                to court, number of status offenders held in secure 
                detention, the findings used to justify the use of 
                secure detention, and the average period of time a 
                status offender was held in secure detention;
                  ``(I) the number of juveniles released from custody 
                and the type of living arrangement to which they are 
                released;
                  ``(J) the number of juveniles whose offense 
                originated on school grounds, during school-sponsored 
                off-campus activities, or due to a referral by a school 
                official, as collected and reported by the Department 
                of Education or similar State educational agency; and
                  ``(K) the number of juveniles in the custody of 
                secure detention and correctional facilities operated 
                by a State or unit of local government who report being 
                pregnant.''; and
          (3) by adding at the end the following:
          ``(5) A description of the criteria used to determine what 
        programs qualify as evidence-based and promising programs under 
        this title and title V and a comprehensive list of those 
        programs the Administrator has determined meet such criteria in 
        both rural and urban areas.
          ``(6) A description of funding provided to Indian tribes 
        under this Act or for a juvenile delinquency or prevention 
        program under the Tribal Law and Order Act of 2010 (Public Law 
        111-211; 124 Stat. 2261), including direct Federal grants and 
        funding provided to Indian tribes through a State or unit of 
        local government.
          ``(7) An analysis and evaluation of the internal controls at 
        the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention to 
        determine if grantees are following the requirements of the 
        Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention grant 
        programs and what remedial action the Office of Juvenile 
        Justice and Delinquency Prevention has taken to recover any 
        grant funds that are expended in violation of the grant 
        programs, including instances--
                  ``(A) in which supporting documentation was not 
                provided for cost reports;
                  ``(B) where unauthorized expenditures occurred; or
                  ``(C) where subrecipients of grant funds were not 
                compliant with program requirements.
          ``(8) An analysis and evaluation of the total amount of 
        payments made to grantees that the Office of Juvenile Justice 
        and Delinquency Prevention recouped from grantees that were 
        found to be in violation of policies and procedures of the 
        Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention grant 
        programs, including--
                  ``(A) the full name and location of the grantee;
                  ``(B) the violation of the program found;
                  ``(C) the amount of funds sought to be recouped by 
                the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency 
                Prevention; and
                  ``(D) the actual amount recouped by the Office of 
                Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention.''.

SEC. 204. ALLOCATION OF FUNDS.

  (a) Technical Assistance.--Section 221(b)(1) of the Juvenile Justice 
and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5631(b)(1)) is 
amended by striking ``2 percent'' and inserting ``5 percent''.
  (b) Other Allocations.--Section 222 of the Juvenile Justice and 
Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5632) is amended--
          (1) in subsection (a)--
                  (A) in paragraph (1), by striking ``age eighteen'' 
                and inserting ``18 years of age, based on the most 
                recent data available from the Bureau of the Census''; 
                and
                  (B) by striking paragraphs (2) and (3) and inserting 
                the following:
  ``(2)(A) If the aggregate amount appropriated for a fiscal year to 
carry out this title is less than $75,000,000, then--
          ``(i) the amount allocated to each State other than a State 
        described in clause (ii) for that fiscal year shall be not less 
        than $400,000; and
          ``(ii) the amount allocated to the United States Virgin 
        Islands, Guam, American Samoa, and the Commonwealth of the 
        Northern Mariana Islands for that fiscal year shall be not less 
        than $75,000.
  ``(B) If the aggregate amount appropriated for a fiscal year to carry 
out this title is not less than $75,000,000, then--
          ``(i) the amount allocated to each State other than a State 
        described in clause (ii) for that fiscal year shall be not less 
        than $600,000; and
          ``(ii) the amount allocated to the United States Virgin 
        Islands, Guam, American Samoa, and the Commonwealth of the 
        Northern Mariana Islands for that fiscal year shall be not less 
        than $100,000.'';
          (2) in subsection (c), by striking ``efficient 
        administration, including monitoring, evaluation, and one full-
        time staff position'' and inserting ``effective and efficient 
        administration of funds, including the designation of not less 
        than 1 individual who shall coordinate efforts to achieve and 
        sustain compliance with the core requirements and certify 
        whether the State is in compliance with such requirements''; 
        and
          (3) in subsection (d), by striking ``5 per centum of the 
        minimum'' and inserting ``not more than 5 percent of the''.

SEC. 205. STATE PLANS.

  Section 223 of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 
1974 (42 U.S.C. 5633) is amended--
          (1) in subsection (a)--
                  (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by 
                striking ``and shall describe the status of compliance 
                with State plan requirements.'' and inserting ``and 
                shall describe how the State plan is supported by or 
                takes account of scientific knowledge regarding 
                adolescent development and behavior and regarding the 
                effects of delinquency prevention programs and juvenile 
                justice interventions on adolescents. Not later than 60 
                days after the date on which a plan or amended plan 
                submitted under this subsection is finalized, a State 
                shall make the plan or amended plan publicly available 
                by posting the plan or amended plan on the State's 
                publicly available website.'';
                  (B) in paragraph (1), by striking ``described in 
                section 299(c)(1)'' and inserting ``as designated by 
                the chief executive officer of the State'';
                  (C) in paragraph (3)--
                          (i) in subparagraph (A)--
                                  (I) in clause (i), by inserting 
                                ``adolescent development,'' after 
                                ``concerning'';
                                  (II) in clause (ii)--
                                          (aa) in subclause (II), by 
                                        inserting ``publicly supported 
                                        court-appointed legal counsel 
                                        with experience representing 
                                        juveniles in delinquency 
                                        proceedings,'' after 
                                        ``youth,'';
                                          (bb) in subclause (III), by 
                                        striking ``mental health, 
                                        education, special education'' 
                                        and inserting ``child and 
                                        adolescent mental health, 
                                        education, child and adolescent 
                                        substance abuse, special 
                                        education, services for youth 
                                        with disabilities'';
                                          (cc) in subclause (V), by 
                                        striking ``delinquents or 
                                        potential delinquents'' and 
                                        inserting ``delinquent youth or 
                                        youth at risk of delinquency'';
                                          (dd) in subclause (VI), by 
                                        striking ``youth workers 
                                        involved with'' and inserting 
                                        ``representatives of'';
                                          (ee) in subclause (VII), by 
                                        striking ``and'' at the end;
                                          (ff) by striking subclause 
                                        (VIII) and inserting the 
                                        following:
                                  ``(VIII) persons, licensed or 
                                certified by the applicable State, with 
                                expertise and competence in preventing 
                                and addressing mental health and 
                                substance abuse needs in delinquent 
                                youth and youth at risk of delinquency;
                                  ``(IX) representatives of victim or 
                                witness advocacy groups, including at 
                                least 1 individual with expertise in 
                                addressing the challenges of sexual 
                                abuse and exploitation and trauma, 
                                particularly the needs of special 
                                populations who experience 
                                disproportionate levels of sexual 
                                abuse, exploitation, and trauma before 
                                entering the juvenile justice system; 
                                and
                                  ``(X) for a State in which 1 or more 
                                Indian tribes are located, an Indian 
                                tribal representative or other 
                                individual with significant expertise 
                                in tribal law enforcement and juvenile 
                                justice in Indian tribal 
                                communities;'';
                                  (III) in clause (iv), by striking 
                                ``24 at the time of appointment'' and 
                                inserting ``28 at the time of initial 
                                appointment''; and
                                  (IV) in clause (v) by inserting ``or, 
                                if not feasible and in appropriate 
                                circumstances, who is the parent or 
                                guardian of someone who has been or is 
                                currently under the jurisdiction of the 
                                juvenile justice system'' after 
                                ``juvenile justice system'';
                          (ii) in subparagraph (C), by striking ``30 
                        days'' and inserting ``45 days''; and
                          (iii) in subparagraph (D)--
                                  (I) in clause (i), by striking 
                                ``and'' at the end; and
                                  (II) in clause (ii), by striking ``at 
                                least annually recommendations 
                                regarding State compliance with the 
                                requirements of paragraphs (11), (12), 
                                and (13)'' and inserting ``at least 
                                every 2 years a report and necessary 
                                recommendations regarding State 
                                compliance with the core 
                                requirements''; and
                          (iv) in subparagraph (E)--
                                  (I) in clause (i), by adding ``and'' 
                                at the end; and
                                  (II) in clause (ii), by striking the 
                                period at the end and inserting a 
                                semicolon;
                  (D) in paragraph (5)(C), by striking ``Indian 
                tribes'' and all that follows through ``applicable to 
                the detention and confinement of juveniles'' and 
                inserting ``Indian tribes that agree to attempt to 
                comply with the core requirements applicable to the 
                detention and confinement of juveniles'';
                  (E) in paragraph (7)--
                          (i) in subparagraph (A), by striking 
                        ``performs law enforcement functions'' and 
                        inserting ``has jurisdiction''; and
                          (ii) in subparagraph (B)--
                                  (I) in clause (iii), by striking 
                                ``and'' at the end; and
                                  (II) by striking clause (iv) and 
                                inserting the following:
                          ``(iv) a plan to provide alternatives to 
                        detention for status offenders, survivors of 
                        commercial sexual exploitation, and others, 
                        where appropriate, such as specialized or 
                        problem-solving courts or diversion to home-
                        based or community-based services or treatment 
                        for those youth in need of mental health, 
                        substance abuse, or co-occurring disorder 
                        services at the time such juveniles first come 
                        into contact with the juvenile justice system;
                          ``(v) a plan to reduce the number of children 
                        housed in secure detention and corrections 
                        facilities who are awaiting placement in 
                        residential treatment programs;
                          ``(vi) a plan to engage family members, where 
                        appropriate, in the design and delivery of 
                        juvenile delinquency prevention and treatment 
                        services, particularly post-placement;
                          ``(vii) a plan to use community-based 
                        services to respond to the needs of at-risk 
                        youth or youth who have come into contact with 
                        the juvenile justice system;
                          ``(viii) a plan to promote evidence-based and 
                        trauma-informed programs and practices; and
                          ``(ix) not later than 1 year after the date 
                        of enactment of the Supporting Youth 
                        Opportunity and Preventing Delinquency Act of 
                        2016, a plan, which shall be implemented not 
                        later than 2 years after the date of enactment 
                        of the Supporting Youth Opportunity and 
                        Preventing Delinquency Act of 2016, to--
                                  ``(I) eliminate the use of restraints 
                                of known pregnant juveniles housed in 
                                secure juvenile detention and 
                                correction facilities, during labor, 
                                delivery, and post-partum recovery, 
                                unless credible, reasonable grounds 
                                exist to believe the detainee presents 
                                an immediate and serious threat of 
                                hurting herself, staff, or others; and
                                  ``(II) eliminate the use of abdominal 
                                restraints, leg and ankle restraints, 
                                wrist restraints behind the back, and 
                                four-point restraints on known pregnant 
                                juveniles, unless--
                                          ``(aa) credible, reasonable 
                                        grounds exist to believe the 
                                        detainee presents an immediate 
                                        and serious threat of hurting 
                                        herself, staff, or others; or
                                          ``(bb) reasonable grounds 
                                        exist to believe the detainee 
                                        presents an immediate and 
                                        credible risk of escape that 
                                        cannot be reasonably minimized 
                                        through any other method;'';
                  (F) in paragraph (8), by striking ``existing'' and 
                inserting ``evidence-based and promising'';
                  (G) in paragraph (9)--
                          (i) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), 
                        by inserting ``, with priority in funding given 
                        to entities meeting the criteria for evidence-
                        based or promising programs'' after ``used 
                        for'';
                          (ii) in subparagraph (A)--
                                  (I) in clause (i)--
                                          (aa) by inserting ``status 
                                        offenders and other'' before 
                                        ``youth who need''; and
                                          (bb) by striking ``and'' at 
                                        the end;
                                  (II) in clause (ii) by adding ``and'' 
                                at the end; and
                                  (III) by inserting after clause (ii) 
                                the following:
                          ``(iii) for youth who are active or former 
                        gang members, specialized intensive and 
                        comprehensive services that address the unique 
                        issues encountered by youth when they become 
                        involved with gangs;'';
                          (iii) in subparagraph (B)(i)--
                                  (I) by striking ``parents and other 
                                family members'' and inserting ``status 
                                offenders, other youth, and the parents 
                                and other family members of such 
                                offenders and youth''; and
                                  (II) by striking ``be retained'' and 
                                inserting ``remain'';
                          (iv) in subparagraph (E)--
                                  (I) in the matter preceding clause 
                                (i), by striking ``delinquent'' and 
                                inserting ``at-risk or delinquent 
                                youth''; and
                                  (II) in clause (i), by inserting ``, 
                                including for truancy prevention and 
                                reduction'' before the semicolon;
                          (v) in subparagraph (F), in the matter 
                        preceding clause (i), by striking ``expanding'' 
                        and inserting ``programs to expand'';
                          (vi) by redesignating subparagraphs (G) 
                        through (S) as subparagraphs (H) through (T), 
                        respectively;
                          (vii) by inserting after subparagraph (F), 
                        the following:
                  ``(G) programs--
                          ``(i) to ensure youth have access to 
                        appropriate legal representation; and
                          ``(ii) to expand access to publicly 
                        supported, court-appointed legal counsel who 
                        are trained to represent juveniles in 
                        adjudication proceedings,
                 except that the State may not use more than 2 percent 
                of the funds received under section 222 for these 
                purposes;'';
                          (viii) in subparagraph (H), as so 
                        redesignated, by striking ``State,'' each place 
                        the term appears and inserting ``State, 
                        tribal,'';
                          (ix) in subparagraph (M), as so 
                        redesignated--
                                  (I) in clause (i)--
                                          (aa) by inserting ``pre-
                                        adjudication and'' before 
                                        ``post-adjudication'';
                                          (bb) by striking 
                                        ``restraints'' and inserting 
                                        ``alternatives''; and
                                          (cc) by inserting 
                                        ``specialized or problem-
                                        solving courts,'' after 
                                        ``(including''; and
                                  (II) in clause (ii)--
                                          (aa) by striking ``by the 
                                        provision by the 
                                        Administrator''; and
                                          (bb) by striking ``to 
                                        States'';
                          (x) in subparagraph (N), as redesignated--
                                  (I) by inserting ``and reduce the 
                                risk of recidivism'' after 
                                ``families''; and
                                  (II) by striking ``so that such 
                                juveniles may be retained in their 
                                homes'';
                          (xi) in subparagraph (S), as so redesignated, 
                        by striking ``and'' at the end;
                          (xii) in subparagraph (T), as so 
                        redesignated--
                                  (I) by inserting ``or co-occurring 
                                disorder'' after ``mental health'';
                                  (II) by inserting ``court-involved 
                                or'' before ``incarcerated'';
                                  (III) by striking ``suspected to 
                                be'';
                                  (IV) by striking ``and discharge 
                                plans'' and inserting ``provision of 
                                treatment, and development of discharge 
                                plans''; and
                                  (V) by striking the period at the end 
                                and inserting a semicolon; and
                          (xiii) by inserting after subparagraph (T) 
                        the following:
                  ``(U) programs and projects designed--
                          ``(i) to inform juveniles of the opportunity 
                        and process for sealing and expunging juvenile 
                        records; and
                          ``(ii) to assist juveniles in pursuing 
                        juvenile record sealing and expungements for 
                        both adjudications and arrests not followed by 
                        adjudications;
                except that the State may not use more than 2 percent 
                of the funds received under section 222 for these 
                purposes;
                  ``(V) programs that address the needs of girls in or 
                at risk of entering the juvenile justice system, 
                including pregnant girls, young mothers, victims of 
                sexual abuse, survivors of commercial sexual 
                exploitation or domestic child sex trafficking, girls 
                with disabilities, and girls of color, including girls 
                who are members of an Indian tribe; and
                  ``(W) monitoring for compliance with the core 
                requirements and providing training and technical 
                assistance on the core requirements to secure 
                facilities;'';
                  (H) by striking paragraph (11) and inserting the 
                following:
          ``(11)(A) in accordance with rules issued by the 
        Administrator, provide that a juvenile shall not be placed in a 
        secure detention facility or a secure correctional facility, 
        if--
                  ``(i) the juvenile is charged with or has committed 
                an offense that would not be criminal if committed by 
                an adult, excluding--
                          ``(I) a juvenile who is charged with or has 
                        committed a violation of section 922(x)(2) of 
                        title 18, United States Code, or of a similar 
                        State law;
                          ``(II) a juvenile who is charged with or has 
                        committed a violation of a valid court order 
                        issued and reviewed in accordance with 
                        paragraph (23); and
                          ``(III) a juvenile who is held in accordance 
                        with the Interstate Compact on Juveniles as 
                        enacted by the State; or
                  ``(ii) the juvenile--
                          ``(I) is not charged with any offense; and
                          ``(II)(aa) is an alien; or
                          ``(bb) is alleged to be dependent, neglected, 
                        or abused; and
          ``(B) require that--
                  ``(i) not later than 3 years after the date of 
                enactment of the Supporting Youth Opportunity and 
                Preventing Delinquency Act of 2016, unless a court 
                finds, after a hearing and in writing, that it is in 
                the interest of justice, juveniles awaiting trial or 
                other legal process who are treated as adults for 
                purposes of prosecution in criminal court and housed in 
                a secure facility--
                          ``(I) shall not have sight or sound contact 
                        with adult inmates; and
                          ``(II) except as provided in paragraph (13), 
                        may not be held in any jail or lockup for 
                        adults;
                  ``(ii) in determining under subparagraph (A) whether 
                it is in the interest of justice to permit a juvenile 
                to be held in any jail or lockup for adults, or have 
                sight or sound contact with adult inmates, a court 
                shall consider--
                          ``(I) the age of the juvenile;
                          ``(II) the physical and mental maturity of 
                        the juvenile;
                          ``(III) the present mental state of the 
                        juvenile, including whether the juvenile 
                        presents an imminent risk of harm to the 
                        juvenile;
                          ``(IV) the nature and circumstances of the 
                        alleged offense;
                          ``(V) the juvenile's history of prior 
                        delinquent acts;
                          ``(VI) the relative ability of the available 
                        adult and juvenile detention facilities to not 
                        only meet the specific needs of the juvenile 
                        but also to protect the safety of the public as 
                        well as other detained youth; and
                          ``(VII) any other relevant factor; and
                  ``(iii) if a court determines under subparagraph (A) 
                that it is in the interest of justice to permit a 
                juvenile to be held in any jail or lockup for adults--
                          ``(I) the court shall hold a hearing not less 
                        frequently than once every 30 days, or in the 
                        case of a rural jurisdiction, not less 
                        frequently than once every 45 days, to review 
                        whether it is still in the interest of justice 
                        to permit the juvenile to be so held or have 
                        such sight or sound contact; and
                          ``(II) the juvenile shall not be held in any 
                        jail or lockup for adults, or permitted to have 
                        sight or sound contact with adult inmates, for 
                        more than 180 days, unless the court, in 
                        writing, determines there is good cause for an 
                        extension or the juvenile expressly waives this 
                        limitation;''.
                  (I) in paragraph (12)(A), by striking ``contact'' and 
                inserting ``sight or sound contact'';
                  (J) in paragraph (13), by striking ``contact'' each 
                place it appears and inserting ``sight or sound 
                contact'';
                  (K) in paragraph (14)--
                          (i) by striking ``adequate system'' and 
                        inserting ``effective system'';
                          (ii) by inserting ``lock-ups,'' after 
                        ``monitoring jails,'';
                          (iii) by inserting ``and'' after ``detention 
                        facilities,'';
                          (iv) by striking ``, and non-secure 
                        facilities'';
                          (v) by striking ``insure'' and inserting 
                        ``ensure'';
                          (vi) by striking ``requirements of paragraphs 
                        (11), (12), and (13)'' and inserting ``core 
                        requirements''; and
                          (vii) by striking ``, in the opinion of the 
                        Administrator,'';
                  (L) by striking paragraphs (22) and (27);
                  (M) by redesignating paragraph (28) as paragraph 
                (27);
                  (N) by redesignating paragraphs (15) through (21) as 
                paragraphs (16) through (22), respectively;
                  (O) by inserting after paragraph (14) the following:
          ``(15) implement policy, practice, and system improvement 
        strategies at the State, territorial, local, and tribal levels, 
        as applicable, to identify and reduce racial and ethnic 
        disparities among youth who come into contact with the juvenile 
        justice system, without establishing or requiring numerical 
        standards or quotas, by--
                  ``(A) establishing or designating existing 
                coordinating bodies, composed of juvenile justice 
                stakeholders, (including representatives of the 
                educational system) at the State, local, or tribal 
                levels, to advise efforts by States, units of local 
                government, and Indian tribes to reduce racial and 
                ethnic disparities;
                  ``(B) identifying and analyzing data on race and 
                ethnicity at all decision points in State, local, or 
                tribal juvenile justice systems to determine which key 
                points create racial and ethnic disparities among youth 
                who come into contact with the juvenile justice system; 
                and
                  ``(C) developing and implementing a work plan that 
                includes measurable objectives for policy, practice, or 
                other system changes, based on the needs identified in 
                the data collection and analysis under subparagraph 
                (B);'';
                  (P) in paragraph (16), as so redesignated, by 
                inserting ``ethnicity,'' after ``race,'';
                  (Q) in paragraph (21), as so redesignated, by 
                striking ``local,'' each place the term appears and 
                inserting ``local, tribal,'';
                  (R) in paragraph (23)--
                          (i) in subparagraphs (A), (B), and (C), by 
                        striking ``juvenile'' each place it appears and 
                        inserting ``status offender'';
                          (ii) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``and'' 
                        at the end;
                          (iii) in subparagraph (C)--
                                  (I) in clause (i), by striking 
                                ``and'' at the end;
                                  (II) in clause (ii), by adding 
                                ``and'' at the end; and
                                  (III) by adding at the end the 
                                following:
                          ``(iii) if such court determines the status 
                        offender should be placed in a secure detention 
                        facility or correctional facility for violating 
                        such order--
                                  ``(I) the court shall issue a written 
                                order that--
                                          ``(aa) identifies the valid 
                                        court order that has been 
                                        violated;
                                          ``(bb) specifies the factual 
                                        basis for determining that 
                                        there is reasonable cause to 
                                        believe that the status 
                                        offender has violated such 
                                        order;
                                          ``(cc) includes findings of 
                                        fact to support a determination 
                                        that there is no appropriate 
                                        less restrictive alternative 
                                        available to placing the status 
                                        offender in such a facility, 
                                        with due consideration to the 
                                        best interest of the juvenile;
                                          ``(dd) specifies the length 
                                        of time, not to exceed 7 days, 
                                        that the status offender may 
                                        remain in a secure detention 
                                        facility or correctional 
                                        facility, and includes a plan 
                                        for the status offender's 
                                        release from such facility; and
                                          ``(ee) may not be renewed or 
                                        extended; and
                                  ``(II) the court may not issue a 
                                second or subsequent order described in 
                                subclause (I) relating to a status 
                                offender unless the status offender 
                                violates a valid court order after the 
                                date on which the court issues an order 
                                described in subclause (I);''; and
                          (iv) by adding at the end the following:
                  ``(D) there are procedures in place to ensure that 
                any status offender held in a secure detention facility 
                or correctional facility pursuant to a court order 
                described in this paragraph does not remain in custody 
                longer than 7 days or the length of time authorized by 
                the court, whichever is shorter; and
                  ``(E) not later than September 30, 2020 (with a 1-
                year extension for each additional fiscal year that a 
                State can demonstrate hardship, as determined by the 
                State, and submits in writing evidence of such hardship 
                to the Administrator which shall be considered approved 
                unless the Administrator justifies to the State in 
                writing that the hardship does not qualify for an 
                exemption), the State will eliminate the use of valid 
                court orders to provide secure confinement of status 
                offenders, except that juveniles may be held in secure 
                confinement in accordance with the Interstate Compact 
                for Juveniles if the judge issues a written order 
                that--
                          ``(i) specifies the factual basis to believe 
                        that the State has the authority to detain the 
                        juvenile under the terms of the Interstate 
                        Compact for Juveniles;
                          ``(ii) includes findings of fact to support a 
                        determination that there is no appropriate less 
                        restrictive alternative available to placing 
                        the juvenile in such a facility, with due 
                        consideration to the best interest of the 
                        juvenile;
                          ``(iii) specifies the length of time a 
                        juvenile may remain in secure confinement, not 
                        to exceed 15 days, and includes a plan for the 
                        return of the juvenile to the home State of the 
                        juvenile; and
                          ``(iv) may not be renewed or extended;'';
                  (S) in paragraph (26)--
                          (i) by inserting ``and in accordance with 
                        confidentiality concerns,'' after ``maximum 
                        extent practicable,''; and
                          (ii) by striking the semicolon at the end and 
                        inserting the following: ``, so as to provide 
                        for--
                  ``(A) data in child abuse or neglect reports relating 
                to juveniles entering the juvenile justice system with 
                a prior reported history of arrest, court intake, 
                probation and parole, juvenile detention, and 
                corrections; and
                  ``(B) a plan to use the data described in 
                subparagraph (A) to provide necessary services for the 
                treatment of such victims of child abuse or neglect;'';
                  (T) in paragraph (27), as so redesignated, by 
                striking the period at the end and inserting a 
                semicolon; and
                  (U) by adding at the end the following:
          ``(28) provide for the coordinated use of funds provided 
        under this title with other Federal and State funds directed at 
        juvenile delinquency prevention and intervention programs;
          ``(29) describe the policies, procedures, and training in 
        effect for the staff of juvenile State correctional facilities 
        to eliminate the use of dangerous practices, unreasonable 
        restraints, and unreasonable isolation, including by developing 
        effective behavior management techniques;
          ``(30) describe--
                  ``(A) the evidence-based methods that will be used to 
                conduct mental health and substance abuse screening, 
                assessment, referral, and treatment for juveniles who--
                          ``(i) request a screening;
                          ``(ii) show signs of needing a screening; or
                          ``(iii) are held for a period of more than 24 
                        hours in a secure facility that provides for an 
                        initial screening; and
                  ``(B) how the State will seek, to the extent 
                practicable, to provide or arrange for mental health 
                and substance abuse disorder treatment for juveniles 
                determined to be in need of such treatment;
          ``(31) describe how reentry planning by the State for 
        juveniles will include--
                  ``(A) a written case plan based on an assessment of 
                needs that includes--
                          ``(i) the pre-release and post-release plans 
                        for the juveniles;
                          ``(ii) the living arrangement to which the 
                        juveniles are to be discharged; and
                          ``(iii) any other plans developed for the 
                        juveniles based on an individualized 
                        assessment; and
                  ``(B) review processes;
          ``(32) provide an assurance that the agency of the State 
        receiving funds under this title collaborates with the State 
        educational agency receiving assistance under part A of title I 
        of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 
        U.S.C. 6311 et seq.) to develop and implement a plan to ensure 
        that, in order to support educational progress--
                  ``(A) the student records of adjudicated juveniles, 
                including electronic records if available, are 
                transferred in a timely manner from the educational 
                program in the juvenile detention or secure treatment 
                facility to the educational or training program into 
                which the juveniles will enroll;
                  ``(B) the credits of adjudicated juveniles are 
                transferred; and
                  ``(C) adjudicated juveniles receive full or partial 
                credit toward high school graduation for secondary 
                school coursework satisfactorily completed before and 
                during the period of time during which the juveniles 
                are held in custody, regardless of the local 
                educational agency or entity from which the credits 
                were earned; and
          ``(33) describe policies and procedures to--
                  ``(A) screen for, identify, and document in records 
                of the State the identification of victims of domestic 
                human trafficking, or those at risk of such 
                trafficking, upon intake; and
                  ``(B) divert youth described in subparagraph (A) to 
                appropriate programs or services, to the extent 
                practicable.'';
          (2) by amending subsection (c) to read as follows:
  ``(c)(1) If a State fails to comply with any of the core requirements 
in any fiscal year, then--
          ``(A) subject to subparagraph (B), the amount allocated to 
        such State under section 222 for the subsequent fiscal year 
        shall be reduced by not less than 20 percent for each core 
        requirement with respect to which the failure occurs; and
          ``(B) the State shall be ineligible to receive any allocation 
        under such section for such fiscal year unless--
                  ``(i) the State agrees to expend 50 percent of the 
                amount allocated to the State for such fiscal year to 
                achieve compliance with any such core requirement with 
                respect to which the State is in noncompliance; or
                  ``(ii) the Administrator determines that the State--
                          ``(I) has achieved substantial compliance 
                        with such applicable requirements with respect 
                        to which the State was not in compliance; and
                          ``(II) has made, through appropriate 
                        executive or legislative action, an unequivocal 
                        commitment to achieving full compliance with 
                        such applicable requirements within a 
                        reasonable time.
  ``(2) Of the total amount of funds not allocated for a fiscal year 
under paragraph (1)--
          ``(A) 50 percent of the unallocated funds shall be 
        reallocated under section 222 to States that have not failed to 
        comply with the core requirements; and
          ``(B) 50 percent of the unallocated funds shall be used by 
        the Administrator to provide additional training and technical 
        assistance to States for the purpose of promoting compliance 
        with the core requirements.'';
          (3) in subsection (d)--
                  (A) by striking ``described in paragraphs (11), (12), 
                (13), and (22) of subsection (a)'' and inserting 
                ``described in the core requirements''; and
                  (B) by striking ``the requirements under paragraphs 
                (11), (12), (13), and (22) of subsection (a)'' and 
                inserting ``the core requirements'';
          (4) in subsection (f)(2)--
                  (A) by striking subparagraph (A); and
                  (B) by redesignating subparagraphs (B) through (E) as 
                subparagraphs (A) through (D), respectively; and
          (5) by adding at the end the following:
  ``(g) Compliance Determination.--
          ``(1) In general.--For each fiscal year, the Administrator 
        shall make a determination regarding whether each State 
        receiving a grant under this title is in compliance or out of 
        compliance with respect to each of the core requirements.
          ``(2) Reporting.--The Administrator shall--
                  ``(A) issue an annual public report--
                          ``(i) describing any determination described 
                        in paragraph (1) made during the previous year, 
                        including a summary of the information on which 
                        the determination is based and the actions to 
                        be taken by the Administrator (including a 
                        description of any reduction imposed under 
                        subsection (c)); and
                          ``(ii) for any such determination that a 
                        State is out of compliance with any of the core 
                        requirements, describing the basis for the 
                        determination; and
                  ``(B) make the report described in subparagraph (A) 
                available on a publicly available website.
          ``(3) Determinations required.--The Administrator may not--
                  ``(A) determine that a State is `not out of 
                compliance', or issue any other determination not 
                described in paragraph (1), with respect to any core 
                requirement; or
                  ``(B) otherwise fail to make the compliance 
                determinations required under paragraph (1).''.

SEC. 206. REPEAL OF JUVENILE DELINQUENCY PREVENTION BLOCK GRANT 
                    PROGRAM.

  Part C of title II of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention 
Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5651 et seq.) is repealed.

SEC. 207. RESEARCH AND EVALUATION; STATISTICAL ANALYSES; INFORMATION 
                    DISSEMINATION.

  Section 251 of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 
1974 (42 U.S.C. 5661) is amended--
          (1) in subsection (a)--
                  (A) in paragraph (1)--
                          (i) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), 
                        by striking ``may'' and inserting ``shall'';
                          (ii) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``plan 
                        and identify'' and inserting ``annually publish 
                        a plan to identify''; and
                          (iii) in subparagraph (B)--
                                  (I) by striking clause (iii) and 
                                inserting the following:
                  ``(iii) successful efforts to prevent status 
                offenders and first-time minor offenders from 
                subsequent involvement with the juvenile justice and 
                criminal justice systems;'';
                                  (II) by striking clause (vii) and 
                                inserting the following:
                  ``(vii) the prevalence and duration of behavioral 
                health needs (including mental health, substance abuse, 
                and co-occurring disorders) among juveniles pre-
                placement and post-placement in the juvenile justice 
                system, including an examination of the effects of 
                secure confinement;'';
                                  (III) by redesignating clauses (ix), 
                                (x), and (xi) as clauses (xv), (xvi), 
                                and (xvii), respectively; and
                                  (IV) by inserting after clause (viii) 
                                the following:
                  ``(ix) training efforts and reforms that have 
                produced reductions in or elimination of the use of 
                dangerous practices;
                  ``(x) methods to improve the recruitment, selection, 
                training, and retention of professional personnel who 
                are focused on the prevention, identification, and 
                treatment of delinquency;
                  ``(xi) methods to improve the identification and 
                response to victims of domestic child sex trafficking 
                within the juvenile justice system;
                  ``(xii) identifying positive outcome measures, such 
                as attainment of employment and educational degrees, 
                that States and units of local government should use to 
                evaluate the success of programs aimed at reducing 
                recidivism of youth who have come in contact with the 
                juvenile justice system or criminal justice system;
                  ``(xiii) evaluating the impact and outcomes of the 
                prosecution and sentencing of juveniles as adults;
                  ``(xiv) successful and cost-effective efforts by 
                States and units of local government to reduce 
                recidivism through policies that provide for 
                consideration of appropriate alternative sanctions to 
                incarceration of youth facing nonviolent charges, while 
                ensuring that public safety is preserved;''; and
                  (B) in paragraph (4)--
                          (i) in the matter preceding subparagraph 
                        (A)--
                                  (I) by striking ``date of enactment 
                                of this paragraph, the'' and inserting 
                                ``date of enactment of the Supporting 
                                Youth Opportunity and Preventing 
                                Delinquency Act of 2016, the''; and
                                  (II) by inserting ``in accordance 
                                with relevant confidentiality 
                                requirements'' after ``wards of the 
                                State''; and
                          (ii) in subparagraph (D), by inserting ``and 
                        Indian tribes'' after ``State'';
                          (iii) in subparagraph (F), by striking 
                        ``and'' at the end;
                          (iv) in subparagraph (G), by striking the 
                        period at the end and inserting a semicolon; 
                        and
                          (v) by adding at the end the following:
          ``(H) a description of the best practices in discharge 
        planning; and
          ``(I) an assessment of living arrangements for juveniles who, 
        upon release from confinement in a State correctional facility, 
        cannot return to the residence they occupied prior to such 
        confinement.'';
          (2) in subsection (b), in the matter preceding paragraph (1), 
        by striking ``may'' and inserting ``shall''; and
          (3) by adding at the end the following:
  ``(f) National Recidivism Measure.--The Administrator, in accordance 
with applicable confidentiality requirements and in consultation with 
experts in the field of juvenile justice research, recidivism, and data 
collection, shall--
          ``(1) establish a uniform method of data collection and 
        technology that States may use to evaluate data on juvenile 
        recidivism on an annual basis;
          ``(2) establish a common national juvenile recidivism 
        measurement system; and
          ``(3) make cumulative juvenile recidivism data that is 
        collected from States available to the public.''.

SEC. 208. TRAINING AND TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE.

  Section 252 of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 
1974 (42 U.S.C. 5662) is amended--
          (1) in subsection (a)--
                  (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by 
                striking ``may'';
                  (B) in paragraph (1)--
                          (i) by inserting ``shall'' before ``develop 
                        and carry out projects''; and
                          (ii) by striking ``and'' after the semicolon;
                  (C) in paragraph (2)--
                          (i) by inserting ``may'' before ``make grants 
                        to and contracts with''; and
                          (ii) by striking the period at the end and 
                        inserting ``; and''; and
                  (D) by adding at the end the following:
          ``(3) shall provide periodic training for States regarding 
        implementation of the core requirements, current protocols and 
        best practices for achieving and monitoring compliance, and 
        information sharing regarding relevant Office resources on 
        evidence-based and promising programs or practices that promote 
        the purposes of this Act.'';
          (2) in subsection (b)--
                  (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by 
                striking ``may'';
                  (B) in paragraph (1)--
                          (i) by inserting ``shall'' before ``develop 
                        and implement projects'';
                          (ii) by inserting ``, including compliance 
                        with the core requirements'' after ``this 
                        title''; and
                          (iii) by striking ``and'' at the end;
                  (C) in paragraph (2)--
                          (i) by inserting ``may'' before ``make grants 
                        to and contracts with''; and
                          (ii) by striking the period at the end and 
                        inserting a semicolon; and
                  (D) by adding at the end the following:
          ``(3) shall provide technical assistance to States and units 
        of local government on achieving compliance with the amendments 
        to the core requirements and State Plans made by the Supporting 
        Youth Opportunity and Preventing Delinquency Act of 2016, 
        including training and technical assistance and, when 
        appropriate, pilot or demonstration projects intended to 
        develop and replicate best practices for achieving sight and 
        sound separation in facilities or portions of facilities that 
        are open and available to the general public and that may or 
        may not contain a jail or a lock-up; and
          ``(4) shall provide technical assistance to States in support 
        of efforts to establish partnerships between a State and a 
        university, institution of higher education, or research center 
        designed to improve the recruitment, selection, training, and 
        retention of professional personnel in the fields of medicine, 
        law enforcement, the judiciary, juvenile justice, social work 
        and child protection, education, and other relevant fields who 
        are engaged in, or intend to work in, the field of prevention, 
        identification, and treatment of delinquency.'';
          (3) in subsection (c)--
                  (A) by inserting ``prosecutors,'' after ``public 
                defenders,''; and
                  (B) by inserting ``status offenders and'' after 
                ``needs of''; and
          (4) by adding at the end the following:
  ``(d) Best Practices Regarding Legal Representation of Children.--In 
consultation with experts in the field of juvenile defense, the 
Administrator shall--
          ``(1) share best practices, which may include sharing 
        standards of practice developed by recognized entities in the 
        profession, for attorneys representing children; and
          ``(2) provide a State, if it so requests, technical 
        assistance to implement any of the best practices shared under 
        paragraph (1).
  ``(e) Training and Technical Assistance for Local and State Juvenile 
Detention and Corrections Personnel.--The Administrator shall 
coordinate training and technical assistance programs with juvenile 
detention and corrections personnel of States and units of local 
government--
          ``(1) to promote methods for improving conditions of juvenile 
        confinement, including methods that are designed to minimize 
        the use of dangerous practices, unreasonable restraints, and 
        isolation and methods responsive to cultural differences; and
          ``(2) to encourage alternative behavior management techniques 
        based on positive youth development approaches, which may 
        include policies and procedures to train personnel to be 
        culturally competent.
  ``(f) Training and Technical Assistance To Support Mental Health or 
Substance Abuse Treatment Including Home-Based or Community-Based 
Care.--The Administrator shall provide training and technical 
assistance, in conjunction with the appropriate public agencies, to 
individuals involved in making decisions regarding the disposition and 
management of cases for youth who enter the juvenile justice system 
about the appropriate services and placement for youth with mental 
health or substance abuse needs, including--
          ``(1) juvenile justice intake personnel;
          ``(2) probation officers;
          ``(3) juvenile court judges and court services personnel;
          ``(4) prosecutors and court-appointed counsel; and
          ``(5) family members of juveniles and family advocates.
  ``(g) Training and Technical Assistance to Support Juvenile Court 
Judges and Personnel.--The Attorney General, acting through the Office 
of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention and the Office of 
Justice Programs, shall provide training and technical assistance, in 
conjunction with the appropriate public agencies, to enhance the 
capacity of State and local courts, judges, and related judicial 
personnel to--
          ``(1) improve the lives of children currently involved in or 
        at risk of being involved in the juvenile court system; and
          ``(2) carry out the requirements of this Act.
  ``(h) Free and Reduced Price School Lunches for Incarcerated 
Juveniles.--The Attorney General, in consultation with the Secretary of 
Agriculture, shall provide guidance to States relating to existing 
options for school food authorities in the States to apply for 
reimbursement for free or reduced price lunches under the Richard B. 
Russell National School Lunch Act (42 U.S.C. 1751 et seq.) for 
juveniles who are incarcerated and would, if not incarcerated, be 
eligible for free or reduced price lunches under that Act.''.

SEC. 209. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

  Section 299 of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 
1974 (42 U.S.C. 5672) is amended--
          (1) by striking subsections (b) and (c), and redesignating 
        subsection (d) as subsection (b);
          (2) in subsection (a)--
                  (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by 
                striking ``(Excluding Parts C and E)'';
                  (B) by striking paragraph (1) and inserting the 
                following:
  ``(1) There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this 
title--
          ``(A) $76,125,000 for fiscal year 2018;
          ``(B) $76,125,000 for fiscal year 2019;
          ``(C) $77,266,875 for fiscal year 2020;
          ``(D) $78,425,878 for fiscal year 2021; and
          ``(E) $79,602,266 for fiscal year 2022.''; and
                  (C) in paragraph (2)--
                          (i) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), 
                        by striking ``(other than parts C and E)''; and
                          (ii) in subparagraph (C), by striking ``part 
                        D'' and inserting ``parts D and E''.

SEC. 210. ADMINISTRATIVE AUTHORITY.

  Section 299A of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act 
of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5672) is amended--
          (1) in subsection (d)--
                  (A) by inserting ``(1)'' before ``The 
                Administrator'';
                  (B) by striking ``, after appropriate consultation 
                with representatives of States and units of local 
                government,'';
                  (C) by inserting ``guidance,'' after 
                ``regulations,''; and
                  (D) by adding at the end the following: ``In 
                developing guidance and procedures, the Administrator 
                shall consult with representatives of States and units 
                of local government, including those individuals 
                responsible for administration of this Act and 
                compliance with the core requirements.
  ``(2) The Administrator shall ensure that--
          ``(A) reporting, compliance reporting, State plan 
        requirements, and other similar documentation as may be 
        required from States is requested in a manner that respects 
        confidentiality, encourages efficiency and reduces the 
        duplication of reporting efforts; and
          ``(B) States meeting all the core requirements are encouraged 
        to experiment with offering innovative, data-driven programs 
        designed to further improve the juvenile justice system.''; and
          (2) in subsection (e), by striking ``requirements described 
        in paragraphs (11), (12), and (13) of section 223(a)'' and 
        inserting ``core requirements''.

 TITLE III--INCENTIVE GRANTS FOR LOCAL DELINQUENCY PREVENTION PROGRAMS

SEC. 301. SHORT TITLE.

  Section 501 of the Incentive Grants for Local Delinquency Prevention 
Programs Act of 2002 (42 U.S.C. 5601 note) is amended--
          (1) by inserting ``Youth Promise'' before ``Incentive 
        Grants''; and
          (2) by striking ``2002'' and inserting ``2016''.

SEC. 302. DEFINITIONS.

  Section 502 of the Incentive Grants for Local Delinquency Prevention 
Programs Act of 2002 (42 U.S.C. 5781) is amended to read as follows:

``SEC. 502. DEFINITIONS.

  ``In this title--
          ``(1) the term `eligible entity' means--
                  ``(A) a unit of local government that is in 
                compliance with the requirements of part B of title II; 
                or
                  ``(B) a nonprofit organization in partnership with a 
                unit of local government described in subparagraph (A);
          ``(2) the term `local policy board', when used with respect 
        to an eligible entity, means a policy board that the eligible 
        entity will engage in the development of the eligible entity's 
        plan described in section 504(e)(5), and that includes--
                  ``(A) not fewer than 15 and not more than 21 members; 
                and
                  ``(B) a balanced representation of--
                          ``(i) public agencies and private nonprofit 
                        organizations serving juveniles and their 
                        families; and
                          ``(ii) business and industry;
                  ``(C) at least one representative of the faith 
                community, one adjudicated youth, and one parent of an 
                adjudicated youth; and
                  ``(D) in the case of an eligible entity described in 
                paragraph (1)(B), a representative of the nonprofit 
                organization of the eligible entity;
          ``(3) the term `mentoring' means matching 1 adult with 1 or 
        more youths for the purpose of providing guidance, support, and 
        encouragement through regularly scheduled meetings for not less 
        than 9 months;
          ``(4) the term `juvenile delinquency program' means a 
        juvenile delinquency program that is evidence-based or 
        promising and that may include--
                  ``(A) alcohol and substance abuse prevention 
                services;
                  ``(B) tutoring and remedial education, especially in 
                reading and mathematics;
                  ``(C) child and adolescent health and mental health 
                services;
                  ``(D) recreation services;
                  ``(E) leadership and youth development activities;
                  ``(F) the teaching that individuals are and should be 
                held accountable for their actions;
                  ``(G) assistance in the development of job training 
                skills;
                  ``(H) youth mentoring programs;
                  ``(I) after-school programs;
                  ``(J) coordination of a continuum of services, which 
                may include--
                          ``(i) early childhood development services;
                          ``(ii) voluntary home visiting programs;
                          ``(iii) nurse-family partnership programs;
                          ``(iv) parenting skills training;
                          ``(v) child abuse prevention programs;
                          ``(vi) family stabilization programs;
                          ``(vii) child welfare services;
                          ``(viii) family violence intervention 
                        programs;
                          ``(ix) adoption assistance programs;
                          ``(x) emergency, transitional and permanent 
                        housing assistance;
                          ``(xi) job placement and retention training;
                          ``(xii) summer jobs programs;
                          ``(xiii) alternative school resources for 
                        youth who have dropped out of school or 
                        demonstrate chronic truancy;
                          ``(xiv) conflict resolution skill training;
                          ``(xv) restorative justice programs;
                          ``(xvi) mentoring programs;
                          ``(xvii) targeted gang prevention, 
                        intervention and exit services;
                          ``(xviii) training and education programs for 
                        pregnant teens and teen parents; and
                          ``(xix) pre-release, post-release, and 
                        reentry services to assist detained and 
                        incarcerated youth with transitioning back into 
                        and reentering the community; and
                  ``(K) other data-driven evidence-based or promising 
                prevention programs;
          ``(5) the term `State advisory group' means the advisory 
        group appointed by the chief executive officer of a State under 
        a plan described in section 223(a); and
          ``(6) the term `State entity' means the State agency 
        designated under section 223(a)(1) or the entity receiving 
        funds under section 223(d).''.

SEC. 303. DUTIES AND FUNCTIONS OF THE ADMINISTRATOR.

  Section 503 of the Incentive Grants for Local Delinquency Prevention 
Programs Act of 2002 (42 U.S.C. 5782) is amended--
          (1) by striking paragraph (1); and
          (2) by redesignating paragraphs (2) through (4) as paragraphs 
        (1) through (3), respectively.

SEC. 304. GRANTS FOR DELINQUENCY PREVENTION PROGRAMS.

  Section 504 of the Incentive Grants for Local Delinquency Prevention 
Programs Act of 2002 (42 U.S.C. 5781 et seq.) is amended to read as 
follows:

``SEC. 504. GRANTS FOR LOCAL DELINQUENCY PREVENTION PROGRAMS.

  ``(a) Purpose.--The purpose of this section is to enable local 
communities to address the unmet needs of youth who are involved in, or 
are at risk of involvement in, juvenile delinquency or gang activity, 
including through a continuum of delinquency prevention programs for 
juveniles who have had contact with the juvenile justice system or who 
are likely to have contact with the juvenile justice system.
  ``(b) Program Authorized.--The Administrator shall--
          ``(1) for each fiscal year for which less than $25,000,000 is 
        appropriated under section 506, award grants to not fewer than 
        3 State entities, but not more than 5 State entities, that 
        apply under subsection (c) and meet the requirements of 
        subsection (d); or
          ``(2) for each fiscal year for which $25,000,000 or more is 
        appropriated under section 506, award grants to not fewer than 
        5 State entities that apply under subsection (c) and meet the 
        requirements of subsection (d).
  ``(c) State Application.--To be eligible to receive a grant under 
this section, a State entity shall submit an application to the 
Administrator, which includes the following:
          ``(1) An assurance the State entity will use--
                  ``(A) not more than 10 percent of such grant, in the 
                aggregate--
                          ``(i) for the costs incurred by the State 
                        entity to carry out this section, except that 
                        not more than 3 percent of such grant may be 
                        used for such costs; and
                          ``(ii) to provide technical assistance to 
                        eligible entities receiving a subgrant under 
                        subsection (e) in carrying out juvenile 
                        delinquency programs under the subgrant; and
                  ``(B) the remainder of such grant to award subgrants 
                to eligible entities under subsection (e).
          ``(2) An assurance that such grant will supplement, and not 
        supplant, State and local efforts to prevent juvenile 
        delinquency.
          ``(3) An assurance the State entity will evaluate the 
        capacity of eligible entities receiving a subgrant under 
        subsection (e) to fulfill the requirements under such 
        subsection.
          ``(4) An assurance that such application was prepared after 
        consultation with, and participation by, the State advisory 
        group, units of local government, community-based 
        organizations, and organizations that carry out programs, 
        projects, or activities to prevent juvenile delinquency in the 
        local juvenile justice system served by the State entity.
  ``(d)  Approval of State Applications.--In awarding grants under this 
section for a fiscal year, the Administrator may not award a grant to a 
State entity for a fiscal year unless--
          ``(1)(A) the State that will be served by the State entity 
        submitted a plan under section 223 for such fiscal year; and
          ``(B) such plan is approved by the Administrator for such 
        fiscal year; or
          ``(2) after finding good cause for a waiver, the 
        Administrator waives the plan required under subparagraph (A) 
        for such State for such fiscal year.
  ``(e) Subgrant Program.--
          ``(1) Program authorized.--
                  ``(A) In general.--Each State entity receiving a 
                grant under this section shall award subgrants to 
                eligible entities in accordance with this subsection.
                  ``(B) Priority.--In awarding subgrants under this 
                subsection, the State entity shall give priority to 
                eligible entities that demonstrate ability in--
                          ``(i) plans for service and agency 
                        coordination and collaboration including the 
                        collocation of services;
                          ``(ii) innovative ways to involve the private 
                        nonprofit and business sector in delinquency 
                        prevention activities;
                          ``(iii) developing data-driven prevention 
                        plans, employing evidence-based prevention 
                        strategies, and conducting program evaluations 
                        to determine impact and effectiveness;
                          ``(iv) identifying under the plan submitted 
                        under paragraph (5) potential savings and 
                        efficiencies associated with successful 
                        implementation of such plan; and
                          ``(v) describing how such savings and 
                        efficiencies may be used to carry out 
                        delinquency prevention programs and be 
                        reinvested in the continuing implementation of 
                        such programs after the end of the subgrant 
                        period.
                  ``(C) Subgrant program period and diversity of 
                projects.--
                          ``(i) Program period.--A subgrant awarded to 
                        an eligible entity by a State entity under this 
                        section shall be for a period of not more than 
                        5 years, of which the eligible entity--
                                  ``(I) may use not more than 18 months 
                                for completing the plan submitted by 
                                the eligible entity under paragraph 
                                (5); and
                                  ``(II) shall use the remainder of the 
                                subgrant period, after planning period 
                                described in subclause (I), for the 
                                implementation of such plan.
                          ``(ii) Diversity of projects.--In awarding 
                        subgrants under this subsection, a State entity 
                        shall ensure, to the extent practicable and 
                        applicable, that such subgrants are distributed 
                        throughout different areas, including urban, 
                        suburban, and rural areas.
          ``(2) Local application.--An eligible entity that desires a 
        subgrant under this subsection shall submit an application to 
        the State entity in the State of the eligible entity, at such 
        time and in such manner as determined by the State entity, and 
        that includes--
                  ``(A) a description of--
                          ``(i) the local policy board and local 
                        partners the eligible entity will engage in the 
                        development of the plan described in paragraph 
                        (5);
                          ``(ii) the unmet needs of youth in the 
                        community who are or have been involved in, or 
                        are at risk of being involved in juvenile 
                        delinquency or gang activity;
                          ``(iii) available resources in the community 
                        to meet the unmet needs identified in the needs 
                        assessment described in paragraph (5)(A);
                          ``(iv) potential costs to the community if 
                        the unmet needs are not addressed;
                  ``(B) a specific time period for the planning and 
                subsequent implementation of its continuum of local 
                delinquency prevention programs;
                  ``(C) the steps the eligible entity will take to 
                implement the plan under subparagraph (A); and
                  ``(D) a plan to continue the grant activity with non-
                Federal funds, if proven successful according to the 
                performance evaluation process under paragraph (5)(D), 
                after the grant period.
          ``(3) Matching requirement.--An eligible entity desiring a 
        subgrant under this subsection shall agree to provide a 50 
        percent match of the amount of the subgrant, which may include 
        the value of in-kind contributions.
          ``(4) Subgrant review.--
                  ``(A) Review.--Not later than the end of the second 
                year of a subgrant period for a subgrant awarded to an 
                eligible entity under this subsection and before 
                awarding the remaining amount of the subgrant to the 
                eligible entity, the State entity shall--
                          ``(i) ensure that the eligible entity has 
                        completed the plan submitted under paragraph 
                        (2) and that the plan meets the requirements of 
                        such paragraph; and
                          ``(ii) verify that the eligible entity will 
                        begin the implementation of its plan upon 
                        receiving the next installment of its subgrant 
                        award.
                  ``(B) Termination.--If the State entity finds through 
                the review conducted under subparagraph (A) that the 
                eligible entity has not met the requirements of clause 
                (i) of such subparagraph, the State entity shall 
                reallocate the amount remaining on the subgrant of the 
                eligible entity to other eligible entities receiving a 
                subgrant under this subsection or award the amount to 
                an eligible entity during the next subgrant competition 
                under this subsection.
          ``(5) Local uses of funds.--An eligible entity that receives 
        a subgrant under this subsection shall use the funds to 
        implement a plan to carry out delinquency prevention programs 
        in the community served by the eligible entity in a coordinated 
        manner with other delinquency prevention programs or entities 
        serving such community, which includes--
                  ``(A) an analysis of the unmet needs of youth in the 
                community who are or have been, or are at risk of 
                being, involved in juvenile delinquency or gang 
                activity--
                          ``(i) which shall include--
                                  ``(I) the available resources in the 
                                community to meet the unmet needs; and
                                  ``(II) factors present in the 
                                community that may contribute to 
                                delinquency, such as homelessness, food 
                                insecurity, teen pregnancy, youth 
                                unemployment, family instability, lack 
                                of educational opportunity; and
                          ``(ii) may include an estimate--
                                  ``(I) for the most recent year for 
                                which reliable data is available, the 
                                amount expended by the community and 
                                other entities for delinquency 
                                adjudication for juveniles and the 
                                incarceration of adult offenders for 
                                offenses committed in such community; 
                                and
                                  ``(II) of potential savings and 
                                efficiencies that may be achieved 
                                through the implementation of the plan;
                  ``(B) a minimum 3-year comprehensive strategy to 
                address the unmet needs and an estimate of the amount 
                or percentage of non-Federal funds that are available 
                to carry out the strategy;
                  ``(C) a description of how delinquency prevention 
                programs under the plan will be coordinated;
                  ``(D) a description of the performance evaluation 
                process of the delinquency prevention programs to be 
                implemented under the plan, which shall include 
                performance measures to assess efforts to address the 
                unmet needs of youth in the community analyzed under 
                subparagraph (A);
                  ``(E) the evidence or promising evaluation on which 
                such delinquency prevention programs are based; and
                  ``(F) if such delinquency prevention programs are 
                proven successful according to the performance 
                evaluation process under subparagraph (D), a strategy 
                to continue such programs after the subgrant period 
                with non-Federal funds, including a description of how 
                any estimated savings or efficiencies created by the 
                implementation of the plan may be used to continue such 
                programs.''.

SEC. 305. GRANTS FOR TRIBAL DELINQUENCY PREVENTION AND RESPONSE 
                    PROGRAMS.

  The Incentive Grants for Local Delinquency Prevention Programs Act of 
2002 (42 U.S.C. 5781 et seq.) is amended by redesignating section 505 
as section 506 and by inserting after section 504 the following:

``SEC. 505. GRANTS FOR TRIBAL DELINQUENCY PREVENTION AND RESPONSE 
                    PROGRAMS.

  ``(a) In General.--The Administrator shall make grants under this 
section, on a competitive basis, to eligible Indian tribes (or 
consortia of Indian tribes) as described in subsection (b)--
          ``(1) to support and enhance--
                  ``(A) tribal juvenile delinquency prevention 
                services; and
                  ``(B) the ability of Indian tribes to respond to, and 
                care for, juvenile offenders; and
          ``(2) to encourage accountability of Indian tribal 
        governments with respect to preventing juvenile delinquency, 
        and responding to, and caring for, juvenile offenders.
  ``(b) Eligible Indian Tribes.--To be eligible to receive a grant 
under this section, an Indian tribe or consortium of Indian tribes 
shall submit to the Administrator an application in such form as the 
Administrator may require.
  ``(c) Considerations.--In providing grants under this section, the 
Administrator shall take into consideration, with respect to the Indian 
tribe to be served, the--
          ``(1) juvenile delinquency rates;
          ``(2) school dropout rates; and
          ``(3) number of youth at risk of delinquency.
  ``(d) Availability of Funds.--Of the amount appropriated for a fiscal 
year to carry out this title, 11 percent shall be available to carry 
out this section.''.

SEC. 306. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

  Section 506, as redesignated by section 305, is amended to read as 
follows:

``SEC. 506. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

  ``There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this title--
          ``(1) $91,857,500 for fiscal year 2018;
          ``(2) $91,857,500 for fiscal year 2019;
          ``(3) $93,235,362 for fiscal year 2020;
          ``(4) $94,633,892 for fiscal year 2021; and
          ``(5) $96,053,401 for fiscal year 2022.''.

SEC. 307. TECHNICAL AMENDMENT.

  Title V of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 
1974 as enacted by Public Law 93-415 (88 Stat. 1133) (relating to 
miscellaneous and conforming amendments) is repealed.

                   TITLE IV--MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS

SEC. 401. EVALUATION BY GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTABILITY OFFICE.

  (a) Evaluation.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of 
this Act, the Comptroller General of the United States shall--
          (1) conduct a comprehensive analysis and evaluation regarding 
        the performance of the Office of Juvenile Justice and 
        Delinquency Prevention (referred to in this section as ``the 
        agency''), its functions, its programs, and its grants;
          (2) conduct a comprehensive audit and evaluation of a 
        selected, sample of grantees (as determined by the Comptroller 
        General) that receive Federal funds under grant programs 
        administered by the agency including a review of internal 
        controls (as defined in section 103 of the Juvenile Justice and 
        Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5603), as amended 
        by this Act) to prevent fraud, waste, and abuse of funds by 
        grantees; and
          (3) submit a report in accordance with subsection (d).
  (b) Considerations for Evaluation.--In conducting the analysis and 
evaluation under subsection (a)(1), and in order to document the 
efficiency and public benefit of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency 
Prevention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5601 et seq.), excluding the Runaway 
and Homeless Youth Act (42 U.S.C. 5701 et seq.) and the Missing 
Children's Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 5771 et seq.), the Comptroller 
General shall take into consideration--
          (1) the outcome and results of the programs carried out by 
        the agency and those programs administered through grants by 
        the agency;
          (2) the extent to which the agency has complied with the 
        Government Performance and Results Act of 1993 (Public Law 103-
        62; 107 Stat. 285);
          (3) the extent to which the jurisdiction of, and the programs 
        administered by, the agency duplicate or conflict with the 
        jurisdiction and programs of other agencies;
          (4) the potential benefits of consolidating programs 
        administered by the agency with similar or duplicative programs 
        of other agencies, and the potential for consolidating those 
        programs;
          (5) whether less restrictive or alternative methods exist to 
        carry out the functions of the agency and whether current 
        functions or operations are impeded or enhanced by existing 
        statutes, rules, and procedures;
          (6) the number and types of beneficiaries or persons served 
        by programs carried out by the agency;
          (7) the manner with which the agency seeks public input and 
        input from State and local governments on the performance of 
        the functions of the agency;
          (8) the extent to which the agency complies with section 552 
        of title 5, United States Code (commonly known as the Freedom 
        of Information Act);
          (9) whether greater oversight is needed of programs developed 
        with grants made by the agency; and
          (10) the extent to which changes are necessary in the 
        authorizing statutes of the agency in order for the functions 
        of the agency to be performed in a more efficient and effective 
        manner.
  (c) Considerations for Audits.--In conducting the audit and 
evaluation under subsection (a)(2), and in order to document the 
efficiency and public benefit of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency 
Prevention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5601 et seq.), excluding the Runaway 
and Homeless Youth Act (42 U.S.C. 5701 et seq.) and the Missing 
Children's Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 5771 et seq.), the Comptroller 
General shall take into consideration--
          (1) whether grantees timely file Financial Status Reports;
          (2) whether grantees have sufficient internal controls to 
        ensure adequate oversight of grant fund received;
          (3) whether disbursements were accompanied with adequate 
        supporting documentation (including invoices and receipts);
          (4) whether expenditures were authorized;
          (5) whether subrecipients of grant funds were complying with 
        program requirements;
          (6) whether salaries and fringe benefits of personnel were 
        adequately supported by documentation;
          (7) whether contracts were bid in accordance with program 
        guidelines; and
          (8) whether grant funds were spent in accordance with program 
        goals and guidelines.
  (d) Report.--
          (1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
        enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General of the United 
        States shall--
                  (A) submit a report regarding the evaluation 
                conducted under subsection (a) and audit under 
                subsection (b), to the Speaker of the House of 
                Representatives and the President pro tempore of the 
                Senate; and
                  (B) make the report described in subparagraph (A) 
                available to the public.
          (2) Contents.--The report submitted in accordance with 
        paragraph (1) shall include all audit findings determined by 
        the selected, statistically significant sample of grantees as 
        required by subsection (a)(2) and shall include the name and 
        location of any selected grantee as well as any findings 
        required by subsection (a)(2).

SEC. 402. ACCOUNTABILITY AND OVERSIGHT.

  (a) In General.--The Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act 
of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5601 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the 
following:

                ``TITLE VI--ACCOUNTABILITY AND OVERSIGHT

``SEC. 601. ACCOUNTABILITY AND OVERSIGHT.

  ``(a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that, in order 
to ensure that at-risk youth, and youth who come into contact with the 
juvenile justice system or the criminal justice system, are treated 
fairly and that the outcome of that contact is beneficial to the 
Nation--
          ``(1) the Department of Justice, through its Office of 
        Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, must restore 
        meaningful enforcement of the core requirements in title II; 
        and
          ``(2) States, which are entrusted with a fiscal stewardship 
        role if they accept funds under title II must exercise vigilant 
        oversight to ensure full compliance with the core requirements 
        for juveniles provided for in title II.
  ``(b) Accountability.--
          ``(1) Agency program review.--
                  ``(A) Programmatic and financial assessment.--
                          ``(i) In general.--Not later than 60 days 
                        after the date of enactment of the Supporting 
                        Youth Opportunity and Preventing Delinquency 
                        Act of 2016, the Director of the Office of 
                        Audit, Assessment, and Management of the Office 
                        of Justice Programs at the Department of 
                        Justice (referred to in this section as the 
                        `Director') shall--
                                  ``(I) conduct a comprehensive 
                                analysis and evaluation of the internal 
                                controls of the Office of Juvenile 
                                Justice and Delinquency Prevention 
                                (referred to in this section as the 
                                `agency') to determine if States and 
                                Indian tribes receiving grants are 
                                following the requirements of the 
                                agency grant programs and what remedial 
                                action the agency has taken to recover 
                                any grant funds that are expended in 
                                violation of grant programs, including 
                                instances where--
                                          ``(aa) supporting 
                                        documentation was not provided 
                                        for cost reports;
                                          ``(bb) unauthorized 
                                        expenditures occurred; and
                                          ``(cc) subrecipients of grant 
                                        funds were not in compliance 
                                        with program requirements;
                                  ``(II) conduct a comprehensive audit 
                                and evaluation of a selected 
                                statistically significant sample of 
                                States and Indian tribes (as determined 
                                by the Director) that have received 
                                Federal funds under title II, including 
                                a review of internal controls to 
                                prevent fraud, waste, and abuse of 
                                funds by grantees; and
                                  ``(III) submit a report in accordance 
                                with clause (iv).
                          ``(ii) Considerations for evaluations.--In 
                        conducting the analysis and evaluation under 
                        clause (i)(I), and in order to document the 
                        efficiency and public benefit of titles II and 
                        V, the Director shall take into consideration 
                        the extent to which--
                                  ``(I) greater oversight is needed of 
                                programs developed with grants made by 
                                the agency;
                                  ``(II) changes are necessary in the 
                                authorizing statutes of the agency in 
                                order that the functions of the agency 
                                can be performed in a more efficient 
                                and effective manner; and
                                  ``(III) the agency has implemented 
                                recommendations issued by the 
                                Comptroller General or Office of 
                                Inspector General relating to the grant 
                                making and grant monitoring 
                                responsibilities of the agency.
                          ``(iii) Considerations for audits.--In 
                        conducting the audit and evaluation under 
                        clause (i)(II), and in order to document the 
                        efficiency and public benefit of titles II and 
                        V, the Director shall take into consideration--
                                  ``(I) whether grantees timely file 
                                Financial Status Reports;
                                  ``(II) whether grantees have 
                                sufficient internal controls to ensure 
                                adequate oversight of grant funds 
                                received;
                                  ``(III) whether grantees' assertions 
                                of compliance with the core 
                                requirements were accompanied with 
                                adequate supporting documentation;
                                  ``(IV) whether expenditures were 
                                authorized;
                                  ``(V) whether subrecipients of grant 
                                funds were complying with program 
                                requirements; and
                                  ``(VI) whether grant funds were spent 
                                in accordance with the program goals 
                                and guidelines.
                          ``(iv) Report.--The Director shall--
                                  ``(I) submit to the Congress a report 
                                outlining the results of the analysis, 
                                evaluation, and audit conducted under 
                                clause (i), including supporting 
                                materials, to the Speaker of the House 
                                of Representatives and the President 
                                pro tempore of the Senate; and
                                  ``(II) shall make such report 
                                available to the public online, not 
                                later than 1 year after the date of 
                                enactment of this section.
                  ``(B) Analysis of internal controls.--
                          ``(i) In general.--Not later than 30 days 
                        after the date of enactment of the Supporting 
                        Youth Opportunity and Preventing Delinquency 
                        Act of 2016, the Administrator shall initiate a 
                        comprehensive analysis and evaluation of the 
                        internal controls of the agency to determine 
                        whether, and to what extent, States and Indian 
                        tribes that receive grants under titles II and 
                        V are following the requirements of the grant 
                        programs authorized under titles II and V.
                          ``(ii) Report.--Not later than 180 days after 
                        the date of enactment of the Supporting Youth 
                        Opportunity and Preventing Delinquency Act of 
                        2016, the Administrator shall submit to 
                        Congress a report containing--
                                  ``(I) the findings of the analysis 
                                and evaluation conducted under clause 
                                (i);
                                  ``(II) a description of remedial 
                                actions, if any, that will be taken by 
                                the Administrator to enhance the 
                                internal controls of the agency and 
                                recoup funds that may have been 
                                expended in violation of law, 
                                regulations, or program requirements 
                                issued under titles II and V; and
                                  ``(III) a description of--
                                          ``(aa) the analysis conducted 
                                        under clause (i);
                                          ``(bb) whether the funds 
                                        awarded under titles II and V 
                                        have been used in accordance 
                                        with law, regulations, program 
                                        guidance, and applicable plans; 
                                        and
                                          ``(cc) the extent to which 
                                        funds awarded to States and 
                                        Indian tribes under titles II 
                                        and V enhanced the ability of 
                                        grantees to fulfill the core 
                                        requirements.
                  ``(C) Report by the attorney general.--Not later than 
                180 days after the date of enactment of the Supporting 
                Youth Opportunity and Preventing Delinquency Act of 
                2016, the Attorney General shall submit to the 
                appropriate committees of the Congress a report on the 
                estimated amount of formula grant funds disbursed by 
                the agency since fiscal year 2010 that did not meet the 
                requirements for awards of formula grants to States 
                under title II.
          ``(2) Conference expenditures.--
                  ``(A) Limitation.--No amounts authorized to be 
                appropriated to the Department of Justice under this 
                Act may be used by the Attorney General, or by any 
                individual or organization awarded discretionary funds 
                through a cooperative agreement under this Act, to host 
                or support any expenditure for conferences that uses 
                more than $20,000 in funds made available to the 
                Department of Justice, unless the Deputy Attorney 
                General or such Assistant Attorney Generals, Directors, 
                or principal deputies as the Deputy Attorney General 
                may designate, provides prior written authorization 
                that the funds may be expended to host a conference.
                  ``(B) Written approval.--Written approval under 
                subparagraph (A) shall include a written estimate of 
                all costs associated with the conference, including the 
                cost of all food and beverages, audiovisual equipment, 
                honoraria for speakers, and entertainment.
                  ``(C) Report.--The Deputy Attorney General shall 
                submit an annual report to the Committee on the 
                Judiciary of the Senate and the Committee on Education 
                and the Workforce of the House of Representatives on 
                all conference expenditures approved under this 
                paragraph.
          ``(3) Prohibition on lobbying activity.--
                  ``(A) In general.--Amounts authorized to be 
                appropriated under this Act may not be utilized by any 
                recipient of a grant made using such amounts--
                          ``(i) to lobby any representative of the 
                        Department of Justice regarding the award of 
                        grant funding; or
                          ``(ii) to lobby any representative of a 
                        Federal, State, local, or tribal government 
                        regarding the award of grant funding.
                  ``(B) Penalty.--If the Attorney General determines 
                that any recipient of a grant made using amounts 
                authorized to be appropriated under this Act has 
                violated subparagraph (A), the Attorney General shall--
                          ``(i) require the recipient to repay the 
                        grant in full; and
                          ``(ii) prohibit the recipient to receive 
                        another grant under this Act for not less than 
                        5 years.
                  ``(C) Clarification.--For purposes of this paragraph, 
                submitting an application for a grant under this Act 
                shall not be considered lobbying activity in violation 
                of subparagraph (A).
  ``(c) Preventing Duplicative Grants.--
          ``(1) In general.--Before the Attorney General awards a grant 
        to an applicant under this Act, the Attorney General shall 
        compare potential grant awards with other grants awarded under 
        this Act to determine if duplicate grant awards are awarded for 
        the same purpose.
          ``(2) Report.--If the Attorney General awards duplicate 
        grants to the same applicant for the same purpose the Attorney 
        General shall submit to the Committee on the Judiciary of the 
        Senate and the Committee on Education and the Workforce of the 
        House of Representatives a report that includes--
                  ``(A) a list of all duplicate grants awarded, 
                including the total dollar amount of any duplicate 
                grants awarded; and
                  ``(B) the reason the Attorney General awarded the 
                duplicative grant.
  ``(d) Compliance With Auditing Standards.--The Administrator shall 
comply with the Generally Accepted Government Auditing Standards, 
published by the General Accountability Office (commonly known as the 
`Yellow Book'), in the conduct of fiscal, compliance, and programmatic 
audits of States.''.
  (b) Technical and Conforming Amendment.--
          (1) In general.--The Juvenile Justice and Delinquency 
        Prevention Act of 1974 is amended by striking paragraphs (6) 
        and (7) of section 407 (42 U.S.C. 5776a).
          (2) Effective date.--The amendment made by paragraph (1) 
        shall take effect on the 1st day of the 1st fiscal year that 
        begins after the date of enactment of this Act.
          (3) Savings clause.--In the case of an entity that is barred 
        from receiving grant funds under paragraph (7)(B)(ii) of 
        section 407 of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention 
        Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5776a), the amendment made by paragraph 
        (1) of this subsection shall not affect the applicability to 
        the entity, or to the Attorney General with respect to the 
        entity, of paragraph (7) of such section 407, as in effect on 
        the day before the effective date of the amendment made by 
        paragraph (1).

                                Purpose

    H.R. 5963, the Supporting Youth Opportunity and Preventing 
Delinquency Act of 2016 reauthorizes the Juvenile Justice and 
Delinquency Prevention Act (JJDPA), which supports state and 
local efforts to address the needs of at-risk youth and 
juvenile offenders. JJDPA provides both core protections for 
youth in the juvenile justice system and federal assistance to 
encourage innovative and evidence-based approaches in the 
delivery of services to youth. By incentivizing delinquency 
prevention and practices based in research on adolescent 
development, JJDPA fosters the growth and holistic 
rehabilitation of at-risk youth and juvenile offenders at the 
state and local levels.

                            Committee Action

    H.R. 5963 reflects work by the Committee on Education and 
the Workforce (Committee) in the 114th Congress to reauthorize 
JJDPA. The bill builds upon the Committee's ongoing efforts to 
examine federal programs, improve efficiency, and focus on 
long-term sustainable success for all Americans.

                             114TH CONGRESS

First Session--Hearings

    On October 8, 2015, the Committee held a hearing in 
Washington, D.C., on ``Reviewing the Juvenile Justice System 
and How it Serves At-Risk Youth.'' The purpose of the hearing 
was to examine the juvenile justice system and federal, state, 
and local efforts to serve at-risk youth and juvenile 
offenders. Testifying before the Committee were Mr. Derek 
Cohen, Deputy Director, Center for Effective Justice, Texas 
Public Policy Foundation, Austin, Texas; Mr. Sloane Baxter, 
Youth Advocate, Washington, D.C.; The Honorable Steven Teske, 
Chief Judge, Clayton County Juvenile Court, Jonesboro, Georgia; 
and Dr. Tim Goldsmith, Chief Clinical Officer, Youth Villages, 
Memphis, Tennessee.

Second Session--Legislative Action

    On September 8, 2016, Rep. Carlos Curbelo (R-FL) and 
Ranking Member Robert C. ``Bobby'' Scott (D-VA), along with 
Chairman John Kline (R-MN) and Reps. Susan Davis (D-CA), Earl 
``Buddy'' Carter (R-GA), and Frederica Wilson (D-FL), 
introduced H.R. 5963, the Supporting Youth Opportunity and 
Preventing Delinquency Act of 2016. The bill reauthorized and 
reformed federal juvenile justice programs to focus on long-
term success for at-risk youth and juvenile offenders, 
prioritized effective services, and provided accountability for 
federal funds.
    On September 14, 2016, the Committee considered H.R. 5963, 
the Supporting Youth Opportunity and Preventing Delinquency Act 
of 2016, in legislative session and reported the bill 
favorably, as amended, to the U.S. House of Representatives by 
voice vote. There were two amendments offered:
     Amendment in the Nature of a Substitute: Rep. 
Curbelo offered an amendment in the nature of a substitute. The 
amendment (1) updated the definition of ``Indian tribe'' to 
include Alaska Natives; (2) added ``victims of sexual abuse'' 
to the categories of girls for whom states may consider 
creating specific programs; (3) added ``after-school programs'' 
to the definition of juvenile delinquency program; and (4) made 
other technical and clarifying changes. The amendment was 
adopted by voice vote.
     Amendment 1: Rep. Jared Polis (D-CO) offered an 
amendment to prohibit corporal punishment in public schools. 
The amendment was withdrawn.
    Rep. David P. Roe (R-TN) offered a motion to report the 
bill as amended. The motion was adopted by voice vote.

                                Summary

    The first juvenile court was established in Illinois in 
1899, and by 1925, nearly every state had established a 
juvenile court system. The capacity to rehabilitate, rather 
than punish, children became the focus of the system. As a 
result, there continues to be significant procedural and 
substantive differences between juvenile and adult courts.
    In 1974, Congress passed JJDPA to formalize the federal 
government's efforts to improve the state juvenile justice 
systems. To receive grants, states must adhere to core 
protections regarding the treatment of children in the juvenile 
justice system. It authorized formula and competitive grants to 
assist states in the administration of their juvenile justice 
systems and to help states prevent youth from entering the 
system. Finally, it authorized the Office of Juvenile Justice 
Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP) to oversee federal juvenile 
justice programs.
    While JJDPA was reauthorized through the 21st Century 
Department of Justice Appropriations Authorization Act in 2002, 
many of the programs expired in Fiscal Years 2007 and 2008, but 
they have continued to receive appropriations. In the 2002 
reauthorization, Congress continued federal support of state 
and local initiatives to administer juvenile justice systems 
and combat juvenile delinquency. Congress placed a focus on the 
education and rehabilitation needs of, and services for, at-
risk youth and offenders. At its core, JJDPA encourages every 
state to have a juvenile justice system that is focused on 
providing a healthy intervention in the life of delinquent 
youth and supports state and local efforts to deliver effective 
delinquency prevention services. These activities should serve 
to limit juveniles' contact with the juvenile justice system or 
keep children at-risk of involvement with the juvenile justice 
system from entering the system at all.
    H.R. 5963 continues these efforts by providing states and 
local entities with flexibility to offer juveniles and at-risk 
youth important services to help them address their offenses 
and acquire skills that will foster growth and reintegration 
into society. Further, the bill strengthens protections for 
juveniles in secure confinement to ensure their safety. 
Specifically, the legislation improves current law in the 
following areas:

Prioritizing evidence-based strategies in juvenile systems and 
        delinquency prevention

     The Administrator of OJJDP (the Administrator) 
coordinates the federal government's activities relating to the 
treatment of juvenile offenders and develops objectives, 
priorities, strategies, and long-term plans concerning juvenile 
offenders. In order to properly and successfully meet the needs 
of these juveniles, H.R. 5963 requires the Administrator to 
prioritize evidence-based and promising strategies and to use 
current, reliable data to reduce juvenile delinquency. Placing 
priority on programs and strategies proven to work ensures the 
Administrator focuses on solutions for addressing juvenile 
delinquency based in science and research and designed to yield 
the best results for juveniles.

Improving the protection of youth in the Juvenile Justice System

     JJDPA provides protections for juveniles in the 
juvenile justice system designed to reinforce the distinct 
differences between the juvenile and adult justice systems. 
H.R. 5963 updates each of these core protections, increasing 
the chances that a juvenile's time in secure detention is 
productive and results in rehabilitation and growth.
     Under current law, the ``jail removal'' core 
protection prohibits youth under the jurisdiction of a juvenile 
court from being held in adult jails. H.R. 5963 furthers the 
goal of this protection by requiring a judge to determine 
whether it is in the ``interest of justice'' for the youth 
awaiting trial in an adult criminal court to be held in an 
adult facility.
     Current law promotes the deinstitutionalization of 
status offenders (DSO) by prohibiting juveniles charged with 
status offenses--crimes that would not be crimes if committed 
by an adult (e.g., drinking, truancy)--from being placed in a 
secure detention facility. There are two exceptions to this 
requirement under JJDPA: (1) if the youth violates a valid 
court order (VCO) or (2) if a youth is being held by the 
interstate compact on juveniles.\1\ H.R. 5963 eliminates the 
blanket VCO exception, replacing it with a phase out and 
hardship exemptions awarded through OJJDP. If a VCO is used, 
H.R. 5963 provides additional safeguards for status offenders 
in locked facilities, including limits on how long status 
offenders may be detained and requirements for periodic 
hearings to determine if the detention is still necessary.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \1\The interstate compact on juveniles is an agreement between the 
states that regulates the interstate movement of children who are under 
court supervision or who have run away from home and left their state 
of residence.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
     Current law also includes the disproportionate 
minority contact (DMC) core protection that directs states to 
assess and address the disproportionate contact of minority 
youth at all points in the juvenile justice system--from arrest 
to detention to confinement. H.R. 5963 updates the DMC core 
requirement by requiring states to collect data at all points 
in the juvenile justice system, so the state can analyze the 
key decision points where racial and ethnic disparities are 
created or increased.

Increasing oversight of Federal activities

     To ensure the federal interest in juvenile justice 
is conducted and administered properly, H.R. 5963 updates the 
purpose, duties, and panel for the Coordinating Council on 
Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (the Council). The 
Council serves as an independent entity that coordinates all 
federal juvenile delinquency programs and activities. The 
Council is also required to review the programs and practices 
conducted by federal agencies relating to juvenile justice and 
report on the degree to which those programs and practices are 
consistent with the core requirements outlined in the state 
plans. With proper oversight, the federal efforts for 
addressing juvenile delinquency will result in positive 
outcomes.
      H.R. 5963 updates the information included in the 
Administrator's annual report to Congress and requires 
information on the treatment of juveniles and their 
circumstances prior to and after release. In addition, the 
annual report now must provide information on whether state and 
local programs receiving funding are considered promising and 
if they are built upon current, reliable evidence. These 
updates will provide a more accurate and transparent accounting 
of juvenile justice efforts occurring across the country.

Ensuring effective state and local services and programs for juveniles 
        and at-risk youth

     To ensure states and local entities receiving 
funding provide evidence-based and promising services to 
juveniles, H.R. 5963 ensures the state advisory group assisting 
each state in developing its juvenile justice plan be 
knowledgeable and active in the multiple disciplines required 
to successfully provide juvenile justice and delinquency 
prevention services.
     The bill updates requirements in the state plan to 
ensure vulnerable juvenile populations receive the services 
they need. Such services include identifying alternatives to 
detention; screening for human trafficking victims; and 
providing appropriate accommodations for pregnant juveniles. 
Additionally, H.R. 5963 encourages state agencies to 
collaborate on providing youth a smooth transition out of the 
juvenile justice system, specifically in the areas of education 
and reentry as well as family engagement and community-based 
services and strategies.

Research and evaluation of juvenile justice

     H.R. 5963 requires the Administrator to issue an 
annual plan for research and evaluation in order to better 
understand juveniles, their experiences and needs, with 
emphasis on reentry, mental and behavioral health, and the 
conditions in secure confinement settings. In addition, H.R. 
5963 adds new areas for research, including identifying 
successful methods used to recruit and retain personnel in the 
juvenile justice system; examining the effects of involvement 
with the juvenile justice system; and identifying successful, 
cost effective efforts to reduce recidivism. H.R. 5963 also 
requires the Administrator to study the barriers faced by 
states and Indian tribes providing services to juveniles, 
provide a description of best practices in discharge planning, 
and provide an assessment of living arrangements for juveniles 
who cannot return to their homes. The information ascertained 
from the research and study will help efforts in understanding 
how best to serve at-risk youth.

Technical assistance and training for states and local entities

     H.R. 5963 requires the Administrator to provide 
technical assistance and training to help states properly 
administer and comply with the requirements of the Act. H.R. 
5963 also requires the Administrator to issue best practices 
regarding legal representation of children and provide 
technical assistance to the states if requested. This will help 
ensure juveniles receive appropriate representation during 
court proceedings and individuals who work with juveniles have 
access to the training and resources needed to meet the unique 
needs of this population.

Support for state and local initiatives

     H.R. 5963 restructures the existing local 
delinquency prevention grant program to allow localities to 
better assess and respond to the unmet needs within the 
community. Eligible states award five-year grants to local 
communities to deliver a continuum of evidenced-based 
prevention and intervention programs to at-risk youth, with a 
focus on community engagement and coordination among existing 
efforts and programs. The engagement and coordination are 
designed to ensure the cost-saving potential of these programs 
is realized and to increase the chances they will continue 
after federal funding is no longer available. This 
comprehensive assessment and response will help states and 
local communities improve public safety and meet unique needs 
in a systematic way that offers opportunities for long-term 
success for at-risk and delinquent youth.

Program accountability within Federal efforts

     H.R. 5963 requires accountability and oversight to 
be conducted by DOJ relating to audits, states and tribal 
compliance with the legislative requirements, and internal 
controls at OJJDP. This accountability is necessary to prevent 
waste, fraud, and abuse within the system. Additionally, H.R. 
5963 encourages meaningful enforcement of the core requirements 
and state compliance with federal law through a Sense of 
Congress reinforcing the importance of federal oversight for 
taxpayer dollars.

                            Committee Views


Introduction

    Helping juvenile offenders and at-risk youth reject a life 
of crime and violence requires more than a detention facility 
or incarceration. Successful juvenile justice systems rely on 
collaboration among community leaders, parents, guardians, and 
teachers to prevent youth from starting down a path of 
delinquency and entering the system; responsive juvenile courts 
focused on intervening and making a difference in children's 
lives if they do become delinquent; and--only when necessary--
appropriate detention facilities that encourage a juvenile's 
rehabilitation, education, and reintegration into society. With 
this focus, the Committee worked with stakeholders, including 
young people who have been in the system, to draft legislation 
that would assist, not hamper, the action of the states and 
local entities as they work to combat and address juvenile 
delinquency within their communities.
    H.R. 5963, the Supporting Youth Opportunity and Preventing 
Delinquency Act of 2016, will help states, parents, teachers, 
and community members come together to prevent more children 
from becoming delinquent, intervene in the lives of those that 
do, and provide secure, safe, and nurturing environments for 
juvenile offenders to restore ownership and purpose to their 
lives. H.R. 5963 reemphasizes the belief that juvenile justice 
is rooted not in punishment but rehabilitation. Decades of 
research into adolescent behavior show that with the right 
support services young offenders can change their life 
trajectories.
    In order to provide more young people that chance, H.R 5963 
prioritizes the use of promising programs and strategies that 
are based on research and proven effective with at-risk youth 
and juvenile offenders to help ensure that widely-used 
resources have the greatest impact. It provides states and 
local communities more flexibility to address the unique needs 
and circumstances of every child. In addition to a renewed 
focus on what works, the bill strives to ensure that federal 
agencies focused on juvenile delinquency are working in 
collaboration by updating the membership of the established 
Coordinating Council on Juvenile Justice and Delinquency 
Prevention (Council). Bringing diverse perspectives to the 
table to coordinate federal efforts means more opportunities 
for these young people who often face a variety of challenges 
and needs that may not be met by a single entity. Updating the 
required contents of the Council's annual report to Congress 
allows for better information about whether federal efforts are 
meeting the intended purposes.

Annual report

    Accurate information on state juvenile systems is necessary 
for effective oversight and administration of federal 
resources. Under JJDPA, the Administrator is required to submit 
to Congress and the President an annual report providing in-
depth statistical information and analysis of the juvenile 
justice system. This information informs policymakers and 
provides practitioners with feedback useful to how state 
systems are administered.
    The Supporting Youth Opportunity and Preventing Delinquency 
Act of 2016 updates the requirements of the annual report to 
ensure that Congress continues to have the pertinent 
information needed to advance effective juvenile justice 
policy.
    Since the last reauthorization of JJDPA, many trends have 
emerged nationwide regarding the number and types of juveniles 
entering the system, the offenses they commit, and their 
disposition and treatment. For example, data reported by OJJDP 
shows that while the male arrest rate for aggravated assault 
reached its lowest level since at least 1980, the female arrest 
rate for aggravated assault in 2014 was 14 percent above its 
1980 low-point.\2\ Statistics like these demonstrate that while 
juvenile crime is falling nationwide, more girls are entering 
the juvenile justice system now than in the past.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \2\OJJDP Statistical Briefing Book. Online. Available: http://
www.ojjdp.gov/ojstatbb/crime/JAR_Display.asp?ID=qa05235. December 13, 
2015.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    The bill requires better information around girls in the 
juvenile justice system to ensure we have an accurate 
reflection of the population, including their rates of 
pregnancy. Additionally, annual report provisions in H.R. 5963 
require data on the usage of restraints and other conditions of 
confinement. The bill requires reporting on the characteristics 
of juvenile cases involving status offenses. H.R. 5963 will 
also phase-out the VCO exception to the DSO, and the Committee 
believes information around the use of VCOs will aid in the 
phase-out of this practice. Reliable information on the number 
of status offense cases petitioned to court, the number of 
status offenders held in secure detention, the findings used to 
justify the use of secure detention, and the average period of 
time a status offender was held in secure detention will 
improve transparency as well as ensure young people are placed 
in the best possible setting. Also it is the view of the 
Committee that institutionalization of a status offender as a 
result of a failure to remit a fee, fine, or any other cost 
assessed by the juvenile justice system arising from the 
underlying status offense is often not in the interest of 
justice and hinders a status offender's ability to be 
successful in society.
    Additionally, H.R. 5963 requires the Administrator's annual 
report to provide data on the number of juveniles whose 
offenses originated on school grounds, occurred during school 
activities, or were referred by school officials. This 
information will help policymakers determine whether school-
based referrals serve as the predominant point of entry for 
many children, particularly low-income and minority children, 
into the juvenile justice system, as research has suggested.\3\ 
The escalation of a school-based offense into a juvenile 
delinquency case can be the start of a child's descent into the 
adult criminal justice system, contributing to what the Federal 
Advisory Committee on Juvenile Justice refers to as the 
``school to prison pipeline.''\4\ In a recent report, the 
Children's Defense Fund cites a number of factors that resulted 
in its estimate that African-American boys born in the year 
2000 had a 1 in 3 chance of going to prison in their 
lifetimes.\5\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \3\E.g., National Academy of Science, Reforming Juvenile Justice 82 
(2013).
    \4\Federal Advisory Committee on Juvenile Justice Annual Report. 
Online. Available: http://www.facjj.org/annualreports/00-
facjj%20annual%20report-final%20508.pdf. November 2010.
    \5\ Children's Defense Fund, America's Cradle to Prison Pipeline 16 
(2007). Available at http://www.childrensdefense.org/library/data/
cradle-prison-pipeline-report-2007-full-lowres.pdf.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Data providing a comprehensive look at the characteristics 
of the juvenile justice system is the first step in helping 
policymakers better understand what services are needed, if 
gaps in services exist, or if policies have unintended 
consequences resulting in poor outcomes for youth. With better 
data, intervention and prevention services can keep more young 
people from becoming involved with the system and provide young 
people the support they need after release from secure 
confinement or community-based programming to improve their 
chances at success.

State plans

    JJDPA requires states seeking federal funding for their 
juvenile justice systems to submit to the Administrator a plan 
outlining their juvenile justice efforts. Included in this plan 
are designations for what state agency will have jurisdiction 
over the state's system and the makeup of the state's group of 
advisors (state advisory group or SAG) that will bring their 
expertise to the creation of the plan. While each state looks 
to JJDPA in developing its plan, the plan itself is a creation 
of state and local officials and reflects the state's 
priorities in juvenile justice.
    Each young person has unique challenges that are best met 
by those closest to him or her. A program that achieves 
positive results with the young people of New York City may not 
be as successful in assisting those living in rural Oklahoma, 
and vice versa. States have distinct challenges and different 
perspectives, and JJDPA allows those differences to flourish 
while providing clear protections for juveniles and 
requirements for states to address in their plans. The 
Committee believes this balance in federal policy encourages 
state and local innovation to address the circumstances facing 
the young people in their community while protecting the 
ability for those children to succeed. Helping at-risk youth 
make decisions that improve their future requires commitment 
from their community, their state, and the federal government. 
Part of that help requires flexibility for state and local 
governments to address the needs of this population, and H.R. 
5963 includes provisions to protect that flexibility to support 
local innovation.
    The Supporting Youth Opportunity and Preventing Delinquency 
Act of 2016 emphasizes that states in developing their plans 
should attempt to use relevant data relating to adolescent 
development and juvenile delinquency, so their juvenile justice 
systems have the greatest chances of being efficient and 
effective. In juvenile justice, states have truly been the 
laboratories of democracy, and in the 14 years since JJDPA was 
last reauthorized, several states have developed, implemented, 
evaluated, and expanded successful approaches to juvenile 
justice.\6\ While the work of these states varied, H.R. 5963 
recognizes there is a core framework of ideas these states have 
implemented successfully. They include reserving secure 
detention as a disposition for only the most severe cases; 
placing lower-level offenders in community-based alternatives 
to secure detention; prioritizing mental and behavioral 
services; recognizing that delinquent behavior can often be a 
response to sexual abuse, exploitation, and other traumas; and 
using assessment and screening tools to determine effective 
allocations of services. Over the last decade, states have 
consistently shown that these reforms can be implemented at 
lower public costs, while maintaining public safety.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \6\See, e.g., Adam Gelb, West Virginia's 2015 Juvenile Justice 
Reform, The Pew Charitable Trusts, May 12, 2016, available at: http://
www.pewtrusts.org/en/research-and-analysis/issue-briefs/2016/05/west-
virginias-2015-juvenile-justice-reform, Jim Shuler, Juvenile Justice 
Reforms [Georgia] Spotlighted in 2014, (January 21, 2014), https://
georgia.gov/blog/2014-01-24/juvenile-justice-reforms-spotlighted-2014, 
Richard Mendel, Juvenile Justice Reform in Connecticut: How 
Collaboration and Commitment Have Improved Public Safety and Outcomes 
for Youth, Justice Policy Institute, 2013 available at http://
www.justicepolicy.org/uploads/justicepolicy/documents/
jpi_juvenile_justice_reform_in_ct.pdf, Marc Levin, The Texas Model, 
Comprehensive Juvenile Justice Reform: Cutting Costs, Saving Lives, 
Texas Public Policy Foundation, 2011 available at http://
www.texaspolicy.com/library/doclib/2011-09-PB43-TexasModel-
JuvenileJustice-CEJ-MarcLevinJeanetteMoll-online.pdf, Richard Mendel, 
The Missouri Model: Reinventing the Practice of Rehabilitating Youthful 
Offenders, Annie E. Casey Foundation, 2010, available at http://
www.aecf.org/m/resourcedoc/aecf-MissouriModelFullreport-2010.pdf.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    As more states implement reforms, we will see success and 
failure. However, H.R. 5963 recognizes the evidence has grown 
enough to incentivize more states to adopt these commonsense 
reforms, and it allows states that have reformed their systems 
to innovate even further in the delivery of services and 
administration of justice.
    Without the proper information, it is difficult to develop, 
create, or administer effective programs. This foundation is 
necessary to inform actions, make logical choices, and proceed 
with the expectation of success. However, this cannot happen if 
knowledgeable individuals involved in the field are not engaged 
in creating the goals. They are most familiar with the children 
and the system; therefore, their input is essential to the 
thoughtful development of the goals in the state plans. This is 
a critical way communities and local stakeholders can be 
engaged in helping address juveniles' needs at the local level.
    For example, Mr. Sloane Baxter, a youth activist from 
Washington, D.C., testified before the Committee about his 
firsthand experience in the juvenile justice system. At 14 
years old, Mr. Baxter, in retaliation to family problems at 
home, tried to steal a car. After being apprehended by the 
police, Mr. Baxter was placed on probation. As he explained, 
``There was no positive intervention with me at this point. 
Probation monitored me but didn't do anything to implement help 
or assistance in my circumstances.\7\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \7\Full Committee hearing entitled ``Reviewing the Juvenile Justice 
System and How it Serves At-Risk Youth'' on October 8, 2015. Testimony 
from Mr. Sloane Baxter, Youth Advocate, Washington, D.C. U.S. House of 
Representatives, Committee on Education and the Workforce, Washington, 
D.C.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Mr. Baxter continued to explain that he was placed in a 
detention facility that was an arena for fights and 
unsupervised actions. At 15 years-old, Mr. Baxter was facing 
depression and did not see hope for his future. However, Boys 
Town, an organization that provides at-risk youth and families 
with services to help them succeed, interviewed Mr. Baxter for 
a spot within their program. He explained,

          ``I didn't know what to expect, but when I arrived, 
        it was so different from the institutional, locked 
        facilities where I had been. Boys Town was the first 
        place that I had went where I felt that people actually 
        cared about what they did and they actually cared about 
        what I did.
          ``It was a positive, non-hostile environment. The 
        expectations to learn and succeed were clear. It was a 
        family-oriented atmosphere.''\8\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \8\Ibid.

    Today, because of the alternative interventions he 
received, Mr. Baxter has been continuously employed for four 
years and has begun his own home improvement business. He is 
self-reliant and has cultivated a relationship with his 
parents. This was all possible due to the positive 
reinforcement and guidance he received through an alternative, 
community-based setting.

Research and evaluation, statistical analyses, and information 
        dissemination

    Recognizing the positive impact of reliable, up-to-date 
information, the Supporting Youth Opportunity and Preventing 
Delinquency Act of 2016 requires the Administrator annually to 
support new research, evaluations, statistical analyses, and 
information dissemination on topics related to improving the 
juvenile system. The Administrator is required to review 
recidivism; health needs; possible ways to reduce dangerous 
practices; recruiting, training, and retaining qualified and 
quality personnel that know how to work with juveniles; and 
changes in victim treatment and response. The Administrator is 
also required to identify positive outcomes and the cost-
effective efforts to reduce recidivism and to evaluate the 
impact of trying juveniles as adults.

Training and technical assistance and accountability/oversight

    To successfully adhere to program requirements at the state 
and local level, states and grant recipients need technical 
assistance. This focus relates directly to the original intent 
of JJDPA to assist state and local efforts in preventing 
juvenile delinquency. The more states and local entities are 
able to innovate, the more programs and initiatives on the 
local level will succeed in positively addressing juvenile 
justice. To ensure continuous growth, the Supporting Youth 
Opportunity and Preventing Delinquency Act of 2016 requires 
oversight and accountability, particularly in relation to the 
adherence to the core requirements. For example, the bill 
requires a Government Accountability Office review of the 
internal controls at OJJDP to ensure the appropriate grant 
management structures are in place. Additionally, the Committee 
recognizes training can bridge cultural gaps between local and 
state juvenile detention and corrections personnel and the 
communities of youth they serve. By allowing for policies and 
procedures that are responsive to cultural differences and 
provide for cultural competency, the bill provides for training 
that will be more effective and result in a better 
administration of facilities and safer environments for youth 
and personnel. Effective training outlined in H.R. 5963 will 
ensure states properly guide their initiatives toward reforming 
juvenile justice systems.

Youth promise incentive grants for local delinquency prevention 
        programs

    While reform of state juvenile justice facilities is timely 
and necessary, the Committee believes if states and localities 
wait until a youth has committed a detainable offense to begin 
offering support, they have missed many opportunities to change 
the course of that child's life. Primary prevention and 
intervention programs have the potential to stop the youth from 
becoming involved initially with the juvenile or criminal 
justice system. Research and evidence show that a continuum of 
comprehensive, evidenced-based prevention and intervention 
programs for youth identified as being at risk of delinquent 
behavior, and for those already involved, can greatly reduce 
juvenile delinquency, crime, and save money as compared to law 
enforcement, corrections, and social welfare expenditures.
    By restructuring the Title V Delinquency Prevention Grant 
Program, H.R. 5963 includes provisions long championed by 
members of Congress to help address the many challenges facing 
at-risk youth. Those efforts included targeting reforms for 
young people who are at-risk of becoming involved, or who are 
involved, in gangs or the criminal justice system, to redirect 
them toward productive and law-abiding alternatives. Title III 
of H.R. 5963 is modeled on the Youth PROMISE Act and provides 
states and localities with competitive grants to implement 
continuums of locally-tailored, evidence-based and promising 
delinquency prevention and intervention programs.

Conclusion

    H.R. 5963 prioritizes what works; provides flexibility for 
states and local communities to meet the needs of delinquent 
and at-risk youth; and improves accountability of juvenile 
justice programs at all levels. Ultimately, this bill will help 
more children acquire the skills and knowledge to hold 
themselves accountable for their actions, grow into productive 
members of society, and seize opportunities to work toward a 
brighter future.

                           Section-by-Section


Section 1--Short title

    Lists the short title of the Act as the ``Supporting Youth 
Opportunity and Preventing Delinquency Act of 2016.''

Section 2--Table of contents

    Lays out the table of contents for the Act.

       TITLE I--DECLARATION OF FINDINGS, PURPOSE, AND DEFINITIONS

Section 101--Findings

    Updates the findings of the Act.

Section 102--Purposes

    Updates the purposes of the Act.

Section 103--Definitions

    Updates and provides the definitions for the Act.

         TITLE II--JUVENILE JUSTICE AND DELINQUENCY PREVENTION

Section 201--Concentration of Federal Efforts

    Clarifies the Administrator (the Administrator) of the 
Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP) 
must develop and issue a long-term plan to improve juvenile 
justice systems in the country. The plan must reflect the 
latest scientific knowledge regarding adolescent development 
and behavior and consider the effects prevention and 
intervention programs have on adolescents.

Section 202--Coordinating Council on Juvenile Justice and Delinquency 
        Prevention

    Updates the panel, procedures, rules, and purpose for the 
Coordinating Council on Juvenile Justice and Delinquency 
Prevention (the Council). The primary function of the Council 
is to coordinate all federal juvenile delinquency programs or 
activities that detain or care for delinquent youth or youth at 
risk of delinquency. Updates the reviews required of the 
Council.

Section 203--Annual report

    Updates the timeline for the submission of the annual 
report by the Administrator. The report must contain a detailed 
summary and analysis regarding the current landscape of the 
juvenile justice system in the country. Updates the 
requirements in the report to include specific information 
related to juveniles, juvenile cases, and the internal controls 
at OJJDP.

Section 204--Allocation of funds

    Limits the amount of technical assistance grants to 5 
percent of the total funds made available for state formula 
grants.
    Updates the formula for state grants to be based on the 
most recent census data for the state population under 18 years 
of age. Updates the ratios for appropriated and allocated funds 
to states and select territories.\9\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \9\United States Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, and the 
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Section 205--State plans

    Makes changes to the state plan to include a description of 
how the state plan is supported by or takes into account 
scientific knowledge regarding adolescent development and 
requires the plan to be made public after submission. Updates 
the state advisory group to include publicly-supported, court-
appointed legal counsel; Indian tribes in states that have 
Indian tribes; victim advocacy groups; and parents of juveniles 
currently involved in the juvenile justice system, as 
appropriate.
    Updates the state plan to include alternatives to detention 
for status offenders and juveniles who have been induced to 
perform commercial sex acts and plans to reduce the number of 
children housed in secure detention and corrections facilities. 
The plan also includes descriptions on how states will engage 
family members, use community-based services, and promote 
evidence-based and trauma-informed programs and practices. The 
plan also requires a description of how the state will 
eliminate the use of restraints on known pregnant juveniles 
during labor, delivery, and recovery.
    Updates the plan to include a review when a juvenile may be 
placed in an adult facility or in contact with adult inmates to 
ensure it is in the interest of justice and requires regular 
periodic reviews if a juvenile stays in an adult facility or in 
sight and sound contact with adult inmates. Also updates the 
plan to ensure there is a system to monitor facilities, that 
states are examining key decision points in the system that 
contribute to disproportionate minority contact, and phases out 
the use of the valid court order exception for status offenders 
by September 30, 2020, with a one-year hardship exemption for 
each year a state can prove hardship in removing this 
exception. Further updates the plan to include descriptions of 
reentry planning, mental health and substance abuse services, 
coordination of funding, identification of human trafficking 
survivors, training for personnel working with juveniles, and 
an assurance that the state juvenile justice agency will work 
with the state educational agency to ensure continuity of 
education services.
    Adds new uses of funds under state grants and requires a 
priority for evidence-based or promising programs. The uses of 
funds now include programs that provide community-based 
services for former or active gang members and access to 
appropriate legal representation; inform juveniles of the 
opportunity and process for sealing and expungements of 
records; address the needs of girls at risk of entering the 
system, including human trafficking survivors; provide services 
for youths whose parents or guardians are or were incarcerated 
or under federal jurisdiction; and provide monitoring and 
training for compliance with the core requirements.
    Updates the Administrator's responsibilities in determining 
state compliance with the core requirements to ensure a 
determination is made each fiscal year and improves the 
transparency of the determination as well as action taken.

Section 206--Repeal of juvenile delinquency prevention block grant 
        program

    Repeals a grant program for local delinquency prevention 
programs that has never been funded.

Section 207--Research and evaluation; statistical analyses; information 
        dissemination

    Requires the Administrator to annually publish a plan for 
research and evaluation of issues in juvenile justice and 
juvenile justice programs. The section adds new research to be 
considered, including (1) successful efforts to prevent reentry 
for first-time offenders; (2) behavioral health needs among 
juveniles; (3) training efforts and reforms that result in the 
reduction or elimination of dangerous practices; (4) methods to 
improve recruitment, selection, and retention of personnel who 
work in the juvenile justice system; (5) reforms in sex 
trafficking identification and response; (6) identifying 
positive outcome measures to evaluate success; (7) the effects 
of prosecution and sentencing of juveniles as adults; and (8) 
successful and cost-effective efforts to reduce recidivism.
    Requires the Administrator to conduct a study no later than 
one year after enactment that analyzes the barriers faced by 
states and Indian tribes providing services to juveniles, a 
description of best practices in discharge planning, and an 
assessment of living arrangements for juveniles who cannot 
return home. Requires the Administrator to develop a metric to 
determine recidivism rates that states may use.

Section 208--Training and technical assistance

    Updates the requirement that the Administrator provide 
training and technical assistance to public and private 
agencies in order to help them successfully meet the 
requirements of the Act.

Section 209--Authorization of appropriations

    Authorizes appropriations for Title II.

Section 210--Administrative authority

    Updates the administrative authority to ensure the 
Administrator requests information in a manner that respects 
confidentiality, encourages efficiency, and reduces duplicative 
reporting. Also requires the Administrator to ensure states 
meeting the core requirements are encouraged to attempt 
innovative, data-driven programs designed to improve the 
states' juvenile justice systems.

 TITLE III--INCENTIVE GRANTS FOR LOCAL DELINQUENCY PREVENTION PROGRAMS

Section 301--Title

    States the short title as ``Youth Promise Incentive Grants 
for Local Delinquency Prevention Programs Act of 2016.''

Section 302--Definitions

    Adds definitions for state entity, mentoring, eligible 
entities for local grants, local policy board, and juvenile 
delinquency program.

Section 303--Duties and functions of the Administrator

    Strikes the explicit requirement that the Administrator 
issue regulations for this Title.

Section 304--Grants for Delinquency Prevention Programs

    Lists the purpose of this section as helping local 
communities address the unmet needs of youth involved in or at 
risk of being involved in juvenile delinquency or gang 
activity, which includes a continuum of evidence-based or 
promising prevention programs and activities. Also specifies 
the number of states eligible to receive an award depending on 
the appropriated amount.
    Updates the state application to limit the amount a state 
can spend on administrative costs, prohibits grants from 
supplanting state and local efforts in preventing juvenile 
delinquency, requires states to properly evaluate subgrantees 
capacity to carry out the duties for receiving the grants, and 
requires the application be prepared in consultation with those 
in the field. States must submit state plans under Title II to 
be eligible for this program; however, the Administrator can 
waive that requirement for due cause.
    States that receive grants under this section are 
authorized to make subgrants to local entities for a five-year 
grant period of which no more than 18 months can be used for 
planning. Eligible local entities applying for a subgrant must 
analyze the unmet needs of youth in the community in terms of 
delinquency prevention, develop a minimum three-year 
comprehensive strategy to address the unmet needs with a 
description of the delinquency prevention programs to be used 
and how they are to be coordinated, and potential savings and 
efficiencies that may be achieved as a result of the 
implementation. The plan must also describe how the continuum 
of services will be evaluated, the evidence on which they will 
be based, and how they plan to continue the program after the 
period of federal investment.

Section 305--Grants for Tribal Delinquency Prevention and Response 
        Programs

    Moves the existing grant program for Indian tribes to its 
own section and makes minor updates to reflect the terminology 
used in juvenile justice.

Section 306--Authorization of appropriations

    Authorizes appropriations for the Title.

Section 307--Technical and conforming amendment

    Makes a technical and conforming change.

                   TITLE IV--MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS

Section 401--Evaluation by Government Accountability Office

    Requires an evaluation by the Government Accountability 
Office no later than one year after enactment of the 
performance of OJJDP and its grantees to prevent waste, fraud, 
and abuse.

Section 402--Accountability and oversight

            Sense of Congress
    Adds a sense of Congress that states OJJDP should 
meaningfully enforce the core requirements and states should 
exercise oversight of compliance with the core requirements.
            Accountability
    Adds an accountability section that requires the Director 
of the Office of Audit, Assessment, and Management of the 
Office of Justice Programs at the Department of Justice (DOJ) 
within 60 days of enactment to conduct oversight relating to 
states' and tribes' compliance with agency grant program 
requirements, review and audit internal controls of OJJDP, and 
use the information provided to determine additional oversight 
where needed and the circumstances relating to the audits. The 
Director is required to submit the report to Congress and make 
it available to the public.
    Requires the Administrator within 30 days after enactment 
to evaluate and analyze whether states and tribes are following 
the requirements of the grant programs authorized under this 
Act. Within 180 days after enactment, the Administrator is to 
submit the findings and needed actions to Congress.
    Requires the Attorney General to submit a report on the 
estimated amount of grant funds disbursed since 2010 that 
failed to meet the requirements for awards no later than 180 
days after enactment.
    Prohibits the use of funds for conference expenditures 
above $20,000 without written approval by DOJ and prohibits 
using funds for lobbying activity.
    Requires the U.S. Attorney General to compare potential 
grant awards with other grants awarded to prevent duplication, 
and if duplication occurs, submit to the Committee on the 
Judiciary of the Senate and the Committee on Education and the 
Workforce of the House of Representatives that information and 
reasons for duplicative grants.

                       Explanation of Amendments

    The amendments, including the amendment in the nature of a 
substitute, are explained in the body of this report.

              Application of Law to the Legislative Branch

    Section 102(b)(3) of Public Law 104-1 requires a 
description of the application of this bill to the legislative 
branch. H.R. 5963 reauthorizes the Juvenile Justice and 
Delinquency Prevention Act (JJDPA), which supports state and 
local efforts to address the needs of at-risk youth and 
juvenile offenders.

                       Unfunded Mandate Statement

    Section 423 of the Congressional Budget and Impoundment 
Control Act (as amended by Section 101(a)(2) of the Unfunded 
Mandates Reform Act, P.L. 104-4) requires a statement of 
whether the provisions of the reported bill include unfunded 
mandates. This issue is addressed in the CBO letter.

                           Earmark Statement

    H.R. 5963 does not contain any congressional earmarks, 
limited tax benefits, or limited tariff benefits as defined in 
clause 9 of House Rule XXI.

                            Roll Call Votes

    Clause 3(b) of rule XIII of the Rules of the House of 
Representatives requires the Committee Report to include for 
each record vote on a motion to report the measure or matter 
and on any amendments offered to the measure or matter the 
total number of votes for and against and the names of the 
Members voting for and against. No roll call votes were taken.

         Statement of General Performance Goals and Objectives

    In accordance with clause (3)(c) of House rule XIII, the 
goal of H.R. 5963 is to support state and local efforts to 
address the needs of at-risk youth and juvenile offenders.

                    Duplication of Federal Programs

    No provision of H.R. 5963 establishes or reauthorizes a 
program of the Federal Government known to be duplicative of 
another Federal program, a program that was included in any 
report from the Government Accountability Office to Congress 
pursuant to section 21 of Public Law 111-139, or a program 
related to a program identified in the most recent Catalog of 
Federal Domestic Assistance.

                  Disclosure of Directed Rule Makings

    The committee estimates that enacting H.R. 5963 does not 
specifically direct the completion of any specific rule makings 
within the meaning of 5 U.S.C. 551.

  Statement of Oversight Findings and Recommendations of the Committee

    In compliance with clause 3(c)(1) of rule XIII and clause 
2(b)(1) of rule X of the Rules of the House of Representatives, 
the committee's oversight findings and recommendations are 
reflected in the body of this report.

               New Budget Authority and CBO Cost Estimate

    With respect to the requirements of clause 3(c)(2) of rule 
XIII of the Rules of the House of Representatives and section 
308(a) of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 and with respect 
to requirements of clause 3(c)(3) of rule XIII of the Rules of 
the House of Representatives and section 402 of the 
Congressional Budget Act of 1974, the committee has received 
the following estimate for H.R. 5963 from the Director of the 
Congressional Budget Office:

                                     U.S. Congress,
                               Congressional Budget Office,
                                Washington, DC, September 19, 2016.
Hon. John Kline,
Chairman, Committee on Education and the Workforce,
House of Representatives, Washington, DC.
    Dear Mr. Chairman: The Congressional Budget Office has 
prepared the enclosed cost estimate for H.R. 5963, the 
Supporting Youth Opportunity and Preventing Delinquency Act of 
2016.
    If you wish further details on this estimate, we will be 
pleased to provide them. The CBO staff contact is Mark 
Grabowicz.
            Sincerely,
                                                        Keith Hall.
    Enclosure.

H.R. 5963--Supporting Youth Opportunity and Preventing Delinquency Act 
        of 2016

    Summary: H.R. 5963 would authorize the appropriation of 
about $855 million over the 2018-2022 period, mostly for the 
Department of Justice to make grants to state, local, and 
tribal governments for programs aimed at reducing juvenile 
delinquency and improving the juvenile justice system.
    CBO estimates that implementing H.R. 5963 would cost about 
$340 million over the 2017-2021 period, assuming appropriation 
of the authorized amounts. The remaining $515 million would be 
spent after 2021. Pay-as-you-go procedures do not apply to this 
legislation because enacting it would not affect direct 
spending or revenues.
    CBO estimates that enacting the legislation would not 
increase net direct spending or on-budget deficits in any of 
the four consecutive 10-year periods beginning in 2027.
    H.R. 5963 contains no intergovernmental or private-sector 
mandates as defined in the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act (UMRA).
    Estimated cost to the Federal Government: The estimated 
budgetary effects of H.R. 5963 are shown in the following 
table. The costs of this legislation fall within budget 
function 750 (administration of justice).

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                 By fiscal year, in millions of dollars--
                                                         -------------------------------------------------------
                                                            2017     2018     2019     2020     2021   2017-2021
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                 INCREASES IN SPENDING SUBJECT TO APPROPRIATION
 
Authorization Level.....................................        0      168      168      171      173       680
Estimated Outlays.......................................        0       20       67      109      144       340
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Basis of estimate: For this estimate, CBO assumes that the 
amounts authorized in the bill will be appropriated by the 
start of each fiscal year and that outlays will follow the 
historical rate of spending for this program.
    Pay-As-You-Go considerations: None.
    Intergovernmental and private-sector impact: H.R. 5963 
contains no intergovernmental or private-sector mandates as 
defined in UMRA. State, local, and tribal governments could 
benefit from authorized appropriations for juvenile justice 
programs. Any costs to those governments would be incurred 
voluntarily as a condition of receiving federal assistance.
    Previous CBO estimate: On August 31, 2015, CBO transmitted 
a cost estimate for S. 1169, the Juvenile Justice and 
Delinquency Prevention Reauthorization Act of 2015, as ordered 
reported by the Senate Committee on the Judiciary on July 23, 
2015. That bill would authorize the appropriation of $833 
million over the 2016-2020 period for the Department of Justice 
to make similar grants and CBO estimated that implementing the 
legislation would cost about $500 million over the 2016-2020 
period. Differences in those estimates reflect differences in 
the authorized amounts and the time period for those 
authorizations.
    Estimate prepared by: Federal costs: Mark Grabowicz; Impact 
on state, local, and tribal governments: Rachel Austin; Impact 
on the private sector: Paige Piper/Bach.
    Estimate approved by: H. Samuel Papenfuss, Deputy Assistant 
Director for Budget Analysis.

                        Committee Cost Estimate

    Clause 3(d)(1) of rule XIII of the Rules of the House of 
Representatives requires an estimate and a comparison of the 
costs that would be incurred in carrying out H.R. 5963. 
However, clause 3(d)(2)(B) of that rule provides that this 
requirement does not apply when the committee has included in 
its report a timely submitted cost estimate of the bill 
prepared by the Director of the Congressional Budget Office 
under section 402 of the Congressional Budget Act.

         Changes in Existing Law Made by the Bill, as Reported

    In compliance with clause 3(e) of rule XIII of the Rules of 
the House of Representatives, changes in existing law made by 
the bill, as reported, are shown as follows (new matter is 
printed in italic and existing law in which no change is 
proposed is shown in roman):

         Changes in Existing Law Made by the Bill, as Reported

  In compliance with clause 3(e) of rule XIII of the Rules of 
the House of Representatives, changes in existing law made by 
the bill, as reported, are shown as follows (existing law 
proposed to be omitted is enclosed in black brackets, new 
matter is printed in italic, and existing law in which no 
change is proposed is shown in roman):

JUVENILE JUSTICE AND DELINQUENCY PREVENTION ACT OF 1974

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *



              TITLE I--FINDINGS AND DECLARATION OF PURPOSE


                                findings

  Sec. 101. (a) The Congress finds the following:
          (1) Although the juvenile violent crime arrest rate 
        in 1999 was the lowest in the decade, there remains a 
        consensus that the number of crimes and the rate of 
        offending by juveniles nationwide is still too high.
          (2) According to the Office of Juvenile Justice and 
        Delinquency Prevention, allowing 1 youth to leave 
        school for a life of crime and of drug abuse costs 
        society $1,700,000 to $2,300,000 annually.
          (3) One in every 6 individuals (16.2 percent) 
        arrested for committing violent crime in 1999 was less 
        than 18 years of age. In 1999, juveniles accounted for 
        9 percent of murder arrests, 17 percent of forcible 
        rape arrests, 25 percent of robbery arrest, 14 percent 
        of aggravated assault arrests, and 24 percent of 
        weapons arrests.
          (4) More than \1/2\ of juvenile murder victims are 
        killed with firearms. Of the nearly 1,800 murder 
        victims less than 18 years of age, 17 percent of the 
        victims less than 13 years of age were murdered with a 
        firearm, and 81 percent of the victims 13 years of age 
        or older were killed with a firearm.
          (5) Juveniles accounted for 13 percent of all drug 
        abuse violation arrests in 1999. Between 1990 and 1999, 
        juvenile arrests for drug abuse violations rose 132 
        percent.
          (6) Over the last 3 decades, youth gang problems have 
        increased nationwide. In the 1970's, 19 States reported 
        youth gang problems. By the late 1990's, all 50 States 
        and the District of Columbia reported gang problems. 
        For the same period, the number of cities reporting 
        youth gang problems grew 843 percent, and the number of 
        counties reporting gang problems increased more than 
        1,000 percent.
          (7) According to a national crime survey of 
        individuals 12 years of age or older during 1999, those 
        12 to 19 years old are victims of violent crime at 
        higher rates than individuals in all other age groups. 
        Only 30.8 percent of these violent victimizations were 
        reported by youth to police in 1999.
          (8) One-fifth of juveniles 16 years of age who had 
        been arrested were first arrested before attaining 12 
        years of age. Juveniles who are known to the juvenile 
        justice system before attaining 13 years of age are 
        responsible for a disproportionate share of serious 
        crimes and violence.
          (9) The increase in the arrest rates for girls and 
        young juvenile offenders, including offenders who enter 
        the juvenile justice system as the result of sexual 
        abuse, exploitation, and trauma, has changed the 
        composition of violent offenders entering the juvenile 
        justice system.
          (10) These problems should be addressed through a 2-
        track common sense approach that addresses the needs of 
        individual juveniles and society at large by 
        promoting--
                  (A) quality prevention programs that--
                          (i) work with juveniles, their 
                        families, local public agencies, and 
                        community-based organizations, and take 
                        into consideration such factors as 
                        whether or not juveniles have been the 
                        victims of family violence (including 
                        child abuse and neglect); and
                          (ii) are designed to reduce risks and 
                        develop competencies in at-risk 
                        juveniles that will prevent, and reduce 
                        the rate of, violent delinquent 
                        behavior; and
                  (B) programs that assist in holding juveniles 
                accountable for their actions and in developing 
                the competencies necessary to become 
                responsible and productive members of their 
                communities, including a system of graduated 
                sanctions to respond to each delinquent act, 
                requiring juveniles to make restitution, or 
                perform community service, for the damage 
                caused by their delinquent acts, and methods 
                for increasing victim satisfaction with respect 
                to the penalties imposed on juveniles for their 
                acts.
          (11) Coordinated juvenile justice and delinquency 
        prevention projects that meet the needs of juveniles 
        through the collaboration of the many local service 
        systems juveniles encounter can help prevent juveniles 
        from becoming delinquent and help delinquent youth 
        return to a productive life.
  (b) Congress must act now to reform this program by focusing 
on juvenile delinquency prevention programs, as well as 
programs that hold juveniles accountable for their acts and 
which provide opportunities for competency development. Without 
true reform, the juvenile justice system will not be able to 
overcome the challenges it will face in the coming years when 
the number of juveniles is expected to increase by 18 percent 
between 2000 and 2030.

                                purposes

  Sec. 102. The purposes of this title and title II are--
          (1) to support State, tribal, and local programs that 
        prevent juvenile involvement in delinquent behavior;
          (2) to assist State, tribal, and local governments in 
        promoting public safety by encouraging accountability 
        for acts of juvenile delinquency; [and]
          [(3) to assist State and local governments in 
        addressing juvenile crime through the provision of 
        technical assistance, research, training, evaluation, 
        and the dissemination of information on effective 
        programs for combating juvenile delinquency.]
          (3) to assist State, tribal, and local governments in 
        addressing juvenile crime through the provision of 
        technical assistance, research, training, evaluation, 
        and the dissemination of current and relevant 
        information on effective and evidence-based programs 
        and practices for combating juvenile delinquency; and
          (4) to support a continuum of evidence-based or 
        promising programs (including delinquency prevention, 
        intervention, mental health, behavioral health and 
        substance abuse treatment, family services, and 
        services for children exposed to violence) that are 
        trauma informed, reflect the science of adolescent 
        development, and are designed to meet the needs of at-
        risk youth and youth who come into contact with the 
        justice system.

                              definitions

  Sec. 103. For purposes of this Act--
          (1) the term ``community based'' facility, program, 
        or service means a small, open group home or other 
        suitable place located near the juvenile's home or 
        family and programs of community supervision and 
        service which maintain community and consumer 
        participation in the planning operation, and evaluation 
        of their programs which may include, but are not 
        limited to, medical, educational, vocational, social, 
        and psychological guidance, training, special 
        education, counseling, alcoholism treatment, drug 
        treatment, and other rehabilitative services;
          (2) the term ``Federal juvenile delinquency program'' 
        means any juvenile delinquency program which is 
        conducted, directly, or indirectly, or is assisted by 
        any Federal department or agency, including any program 
        funded under this Act;
          (3) the term ``juvenile delinquency program'' means 
        any program or activity related to juvenile delinquency 
        prevention, control, diversion, treatment, 
        rehabilitation, planning, education, training, and 
        research, including drug and alcohol abuse programs; 
        the improvement of the juvenile justice system; and any 
        program or activity designed to reduce known risk 
        factors for juvenile delinquent behavior, provides 
        activities that build on protective factors for, and 
        develop competencies in, juveniles to prevent, and 
        reduce the rate of, delinquent juvenile behavior;
          (4)(A) the term ``Bureau of Justice Assistance'' 
        means the bureau established by section 401 of title I 
        of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 
        1968;
          (B) the term ``Office of Justice Programs'' means the 
        office established by section 101 of title I of the 
        Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968;
          (C) the term ``National Institute of Justice'' means 
        the institute established by section 202(a) of title I 
        of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 
        1968; and
          (D) the term ``Bureau of Justice Statistics'' means 
        the bureau established by section 302(a) of title I of 
        the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968;
          (5) the term ``Administrator'' means the agency head 
        designated by section 201(b);
          (6) the term ``law enforcement and criminal justice'' 
        means any activity pertaining to crime prevention, 
        control, or reduction or the enforcement of the 
        criminal law, including, but not limited to police 
        efforts to prevent, control, or reduce crime or to 
        apprehend criminals, activities of courts having 
        criminal jurisdiction and related agencies (including 
        prosecutorial and defender services), activities of 
        corrections, probation, or parole authorities, and 
        programs relating to the prevention, control, or 
        reduction of juvenile delinquency or narcotic 
        addiction;
          (7) the term ``State'' means any State of the United 
        States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of 
        Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, 
        and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands;
          (8) the term ``unit of local government'' means--
                  (A) any city, county, township, town, 
                borough, parish, village, or other general 
                purpose political subdivision of a State;
                  (B) any law enforcement district or judicial 
                enforcement district that--
                          (i) is established under applicable 
                        State law; and
                          (ii) has the authority to, in a 
                        manner independent of other State 
                        entities, establish a budget and raise 
                        revenues; or
                  [(C) an Indian Tribe that performs law 
                enforcement functions, as determined by the 
                Secretary of the Interior; or]
                  [(D)] (C) for the purposes of assistance 
                eligibility, any agency of the government of 
                the District of Columbia or the Federal 
                Government that performs law enforcement 
                functions in and for--
                          (i) the District of Columbia; or
                          (ii) any Trust Territory of the 
                        United States;
          (9) the term ``combination'' as applied to States or 
        units of local government means any grouping or joining 
        together of such States or units for the purpose of 
        preparing, developing, or implementing a juvenile 
        justice and delinquency prevention plan;
          (10) the term ``construction'' means acquisition, 
        expansion, remodeling, and alteration of existing 
        buildings, and initial equipment of any such buildings, 
        or any combination of such activities (including 
        architects' fees but not the cost of acquisition of 
        land for buildings);
          (11) the term ``public agency'' means any State, unit 
        of local government, combination of such States or 
        units, or any department, agency, or instrumentality of 
        any of the foregoing;
          (12) the term ``secure detention facility'' means any 
        public or private residential facility which--
                  (A) includes construction fixtures designed 
                to physically restrict the movements and 
                activities of juveniles or other individuals 
                held in lawful custody in such facility; and
                  (B) is used for the temporary placement of 
                any juvenile who is accused of having committed 
                an offense or of any other individual accused 
                of having committed a criminal offense;
          (13) the term ``secure correctional facility'' means 
        any public or private residential facility which--
                  (A) includes construction fixtures designed 
                to physically restrict the movements and 
                activities of juveniles or other individuals 
                held in lawful custody in such facility; and
                  (B) is used for the placement, after 
                adjudication and disposition, of any juvenile 
                who has been adjudicated as having committed an 
                offense or any other individual convicted of a 
                criminal offense;
          (14) the term ``serious crime'' means criminal 
        homicide, forcible rape or other sex offenses 
        punishable as a felony, mayhem, kidnapping, aggravated 
        assault, drug trafficking, robbery, larceny or theft 
        punishable as a felony, motor vehicle theft, burglary 
        or breaking and entering, extortion accompanied by 
        threats of violence, and arson punishable as a felony;
          (15) the term ``treatment'' includes but is not 
        limited to medical, educational, special education, 
        social, psychological, and vocational services, 
        corrective and preventive guidance and training, and 
        other rehabilitative services designed to protect the 
        public, including services designed to benefit addicts 
        and other users by eliminating their dependence on 
        alcohol or other addictive or nonaddictive drugs or by 
        controlling their dependence and susceptibility to 
        addiction or use;
          (16) the term ``valid court order'' means a court 
        order given by a juvenile court judge to a juvenile--
                  (A) who was brought before the court and made 
                subject to such order; and
                  (B) who received, before the issuance of such 
                order, the full due process rights guaranteed 
                to such juvenile by the Constitution of the 
                United States;
          (17) the term ``Council'' means the Coordinating 
        Council on Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention 
        established in section 206(a)(1);
          (18) the term ``Indian tribe'' means--
                  (A) a federally recognized Indian tribe; or
                  (B) an Alaskan Native organization;
        that has a law enforcement function, as determined by 
        the Secretary of the Interior in consultation with the 
        Attorney General;
          (19) the term ``comprehensive and coordinated system 
        of services'' means a system that--
                  (A) ensures that services and funding for the 
                prevention and treatment of juvenile 
                delinquency are consistent with policy goals of 
                preserving families and providing appropriate 
                services in the least restrictive environment 
                so as to simultaneously protect juveniles and 
                maintain public safety;
                  (B) identifies, and intervenes early for the 
                benefit of, young children who are at risk of 
                developing emotional or behavioral problems 
                because of physical or mental stress or abuse, 
                and for the benefit of their families;
                  (C) increases interagency collaboration and 
                family involvement in the prevention and 
                treatment of juvenile delinquency; and
                  (D) encourages private and public 
                partnerships in the delivery of services for 
                the prevention and treatment of juvenile 
                delinquency;
          (20) the term ``gender-specific services'' means 
        services designed to address needs unique to the gender 
        of the individual to whom such services are provided;
          (21) the term ``home-based alternative services'' 
        means services provided to a juvenile in the home of 
        the juvenile as an alternative to incarcerating the 
        juvenile, and includes home detention;
          [(22) the term ``jail or lockup for adults'' means a 
        locked facility that is used by a State, unit of local 
        government, or any law enforcement authority to detain 
        or confine adults--
                  [(A) pending the filing of a charge of 
                violating a criminal law;
                  [(B) awaiting trial on a criminal charge; or
                  [(C) convicted of violating a criminal law;]
          (22) the term ``jail or lockup for adults'' means a 
        secure facility that is used by a State, unit of local 
        government, or law enforcement authority to detain or 
        confine adult inmates;
          (23) the term ``nonprofit organization'' means an 
        organization described in section 501(c)(3) of the 
        Internal Revenue Code of 1986 that is exempt from 
        taxation under section 501(a) of the Internal Revenue 
        Code of 1986;
          (24) the term ``graduated sanctions'' means an 
        accountability-based, graduated series of sanctions 
        (including incentives, treatment, and services) 
        applicable to juveniles within the juvenile justice 
        system to hold such juveniles accountable for their 
        actions and to protect communities from the effects of 
        juvenile delinquency by providing appropriate sanctions 
        for every act for which a juvenile is adjudicated 
        delinquent, by inducing their law-abiding behavior, and 
        by preventing their subsequent involvement with the 
        juvenile justice system;
          [(25) the term ``contact'' means the degree of 
        interaction allowed between juvenile offenders in a 
        secure custody status and incarcerated adults under 
        section 31.303(d)(1)(i) of title 28, Code of Federal 
        Regulations, as in effect on December 10, 1996;
          [(26) the term ``adult inmate'' means an individual 
        who--
                          [(A) has reached the age of full 
                        criminal responsibility under 
                        applicable State law; and
                          [(B) has been arrested and is in 
                        custody for or awaiting trial on a 
                        criminal charge, or is convicted of a 
                        criminal offense;]
          (25) the term ``sight or sound contact'' means any 
        physical, clear visual, or verbal contact that is not 
        brief and inadvertent;
          (26) the term ``adult inmate''--
                  (A) means an individual who--
                          (i) has reached the age of full 
                        criminal responsibility under 
                        applicable State law; and
                          (ii) has been arrested and is in 
                        custody for or awaiting trial on a 
                        criminal charge, or is convicted of a 
                        criminal offense; and
                  (B) does not include an individual who--
                          (i) at the time of the time of the 
                        offense, was younger than the maximum 
                        age at which a youth can be held in a 
                        juvenile facility under applicable 
                        State law; and
                          (ii) was committed to the care and 
                        custody or supervision, including post-
                        placement or parole supervision, of a 
                        juvenile correctional agency by a court 
                        of competent jurisdiction or by 
                        operation of applicable State law;
          (27) the term ``violent crime'' means--
                  (A) murder or nonnegligent manslaughter, 
                forcible rape, or robbery, or
                  (B) aggravated assault committed with the use 
                of a firearm;
          (28) the term ``collocated facilities'' means 
        facilities that are located in the same building, or 
        are part of a related complex of buildings located on 
        the same grounds; [and]
          (29) the term ``related complex of buildings'' means 
        2 or more buildings that share--
                  (A) physical features, such as walls and 
                fences, or services beyond mechanical services 
                (heating, air conditioning, water and sewer); 
                or
                  (B) the specialized services that are 
                allowable under section 31.303(e)(3)(i)(C)(3) 
                of title 28 of the Code of Federal Regulations, 
                as in effect on December 10, 1996[.];
          (30) the term ``core requirements''--
                  (A) means the requirements described in 
                paragraphs (11), (12), (13), and (15) of 
                section 223(a); and
                  (B) does not include the data collection 
                requirements described in subparagraphs (A) 
                through (K) of section 207(1);
          (31) the term ``chemical agent'' means a spray or 
        injection used to temporarily incapacitate a person, 
        including oleoresin capsicum spray, tear gas, and 2-
        chlorobenzalmalononitrile gas;
          (32) the term ``isolation''--
                  (A) means any instance in which a youth is 
                confined alone for more than 10 minutes in a 
                room or cell; and
                  (B) does not include--
                          (i) confinement during regularly 
                        scheduled sleeping hours;
                          (ii) separation based on a treatment 
                        program approved by a licensed medical 
                        or mental health professional;
                          (iii) confinement or separation that 
                        is requested by the youth; or
                          (iv) the separation of the youth from 
                        a group in a nonlocked setting for the 
                        limited purpose of calming;
          (33) the term ``restraints'' has the meaning given 
        that term in section 591 of the Public Health Service 
        Act (42 U.S.C. 290ii);
          (34) the term ``evidence-based'' means a program or 
        practice that--
                  (A) is demonstrated to be effective when 
                implemented with fidelity;
                  (B) is based on a clearly articulated and 
                empirically supported theory;
                  (C) has measurable outcomes relevant to 
                juvenile justice, including a detailed 
                description of the outcomes produced in a 
                particular population, whether urban or rural; 
                and
                  (D) has been scientifically tested and proven 
                effective through randomized control studies or 
                comparison group studies and with the ability 
                to replicate and scale;
          (35) the term ``promising'' means a program or 
        practice that--
                  (A) is demonstrated to be effective based on 
                positive outcomes relevant to juvenile justice 
                from 1 or more objective, independent, and 
                scientifically valid evaluations, as documented 
                in writing to the Administrator; and
                  (B) will be evaluated through a well-designed 
                and rigorous study, as described in paragraph 
                (34)(D);
          (36) the term ``dangerous practice'' means an act, 
        procedure, or program that creates an unreasonable risk 
        of physical injury, pain, or psychological harm to a 
        juvenile subjected to the act, procedure, or program;
          (37) the term ``screening'' means a brief process--
                  (A) designed to identify youth who may have 
                mental health, behavioral health, substance 
                abuse, or other needs requiring immediate 
                attention, intervention, and further 
                evaluation; and
                  (B) the purpose of which is to quickly 
                identify a youth with possible mental health, 
                behavioral health, substance abuse, or other 
                needs in need of further assessment;
          (38) the term ``assessment'' includes, at a minimum, 
        an interview and review of available records and other 
        pertinent information--
                  (A) by an appropriately trained professional 
                who is licensed or certified by the applicable 
                State in the mental health, behavioral health, 
                or substance abuse fields; and
                  (B) which is designed to identify significant 
                mental health, behavioral health, or substance 
                abuse treatment needs to be addressed during a 
                youth's confinement;
          (39) for purposes of section 223(a)(15), the term 
        ``contact'' means the points at which a youth and the 
        juvenile justice system or criminal justice system 
        officially intersect, including interactions with a 
        juvenile justice, juvenile court, or law enforcement 
        official;
          (40) the term ``trauma-informed'' means--
                  (A) understanding the impact that exposure to 
                violence and trauma have on a youth's physical, 
                psychological, and psychosocial development;
                  (B) recognizing when a youth has been exposed 
                to violence and trauma and is in need of help 
                to recover from the adverse impacts of trauma; 
                and
                  (C) responding in ways that resist 
                retraumatization;
          (41) the term ``racial and ethnic disparity'' means 
        minority youth populations are involved at a decision 
        point in the juvenile justice system at higher rates, 
        incrementally or cumulatively, than non-minority youth 
        at that decision point;
          (42) the term ``status offender'' means a juvenile 
        who is charged with or who has committed an offense 
        that would not be criminal if committed by an adult;
          (43) the term ``rural'' means an area that is not 
        located in a metropolitan statistical area, as defined 
        by the Office of Management and Budget;
          (44) the term ``internal controls'' means a process 
        implemented to provide reasonable assurance regarding 
        the achievement of objectives in--
                  (A) effectiveness and efficiency of 
                operations, such as grant management practices;
                  (B) reliability of reporting for internal and 
                external use; and
                  (C) compliance with applicable laws and 
                regulations, as well as recommendations of the 
                Office of Inspector General and the Government 
                Accountability Office; and
          (45) the term ``tribal government'' means the 
        governing body of an Indian tribe.

         TITLE II--JUVENILE JUSTICE AND DELINQUENCY PREVENTION

Part A--Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Office

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *


                    concentration of federal efforts

  Sec. 204. (a)(1) The Administrator shall develop objectives, 
priorities, and [a long-term plan, and implement] a long-term 
plan to improve the juvenile justice system in the United 
States, taking into account scientific knowledge regarding 
adolescent development and behavior and regarding the effects 
of delinquency prevention programs and juvenile justice 
interventions on adolescents, and shall implement overall 
policy and a strategy to carry out such plan, for all Federal 
juvenile delinquency programs and activities relating to 
prevention, diversion, training, treatment, rehabilitation, 
evaluation, [research, and improvement of the juvenile justice 
system in the United States] and research. In carrying out the 
functions of the Administrator, the Administrator shall consult 
with the Council.
  (2)(A) The plan described in paragraph (1) shall--
          (i) contain specific goals and criteria for making 
        grants and contracts, for conducting research, and for 
        carrying out other activities under this title; and
          (ii) provide for coordinating the administration 
        programs and activities under this title with the 
        administration of all other Federal juvenile 
        delinquency programs and activities, including 
        proposals for joint funding to be coordinated by the 
        Administrator.
  (B) The Administrator shall review the plan described in 
paragraph (1) annually, revise the plan as the Administrator 
considers appropriate, and publish the plan in the [Federal 
Register--] Federal Register during the 30-day period ending on 
October 1 of each year.
          [(i) not later than 240 days after the date of 
        enactment of this paragraph, in the case of the initial 
        plan required by paragraph (1); and
          [(ii) except as provided in clause (i), in the 30-day 
        period ending on October 1 of each year.]
  (b) In carrying out the purposes of this Act, the 
Administrator shall--
          (1) advise the President through the Attorney General 
        as to all matters relating to federally assisted 
        juvenile deliquency programs and Federal policies 
        regarding juvenile delinquency;
          (2) assist operating agencies which have direct 
        responsibilities for the prevention and treatment of 
        juvenile delinquency in the development and 
        promulgation of regulations, guidelines, requirements, 
        criteria, standards, procedures, and budget requests in 
        accordance with the policies, priorities, and 
        objectives the Administrator establishes;
          (3) conduct and support evaluations and studies of 
        the performance and results achieved by Federal 
        juvenile delinquency programs and activities;
          (4) implement Federal juvenile delinquency programs 
        and activities among Federal departments and agencies 
        and between Federal juvenile delinquency programs and 
        activities and other Federal programs and activities 
        which the Administrator determines may have an 
        important bearing on the success of the entire Federal 
        juvenile delinquency effort;
          (5) not later than 1 year after the date of enactment 
        of the Supporting Youth Opportunity and Preventing 
        Delinquency Act of 2016, in consultation with Indian 
        tribes, develop a policy for the Office of Juvenile 
        Justice and Delinquency Prevention to collaborate with 
        representatives of Indian tribes with a criminal 
        justice function on the implementation of the 
        provisions of this Act relating to Indian tribes;
          [(5)] (6)(A) develop for each fiscal year, and 
        publish annually in the Federal Register for public 
        comment, a proposed comprehensive plan describing the 
        particular activities which the Administrator intends 
        to carry out under parts D and E in such fiscal year, 
        specifying in detail those activities designed to 
        satisfy the requirements of parts D and E; and
          (B) taking into consideration comments received 
        during the 45-day period beginning on the date the 
        proposed plan is published, develop and publish a final 
        plan, before December 31 of such fiscal year, 
        describing the particular activities which the 
        Administrator intends to carry out under parts D and E 
        in such fiscal year, specifying in detail those 
        activities designed to satisfy the requirements of 
        parts D and E; and
          [(6)] (7) provide for the auditing of [monitoring] 
        systems required under [section 223(a)(15)] section 
        223(a)(16) [to review the adequacy of such systems; 
        and] for monitoring compliance.
          [(7) not later than 1 year after the date of the 
        enactment of this paragraph, issue model standards for 
        providing mental health care to incarcerated 
        juveniles.]
  (c) The Administrator may require, through appropriate 
authority, Federal departments and agencies engaged in any 
activity involving any Federal juvenile delinquency program to 
provide the Administrator with such information as may be 
appropriate to prevent the duplication of efforts, and to 
coordinate activities, related to the prevention of juvenile 
delinquency.
  (d) The Administrator shall have the sole authority to 
delegate any of the functions of the Administrator under this 
Act.
  (e) The Administrator is authorized to utilize the services 
and facilities of any agency of the Federal Government and of 
any other public agency or institution in accordance with 
appropriate agreements, and to pay for such services either in 
advance or by way of reimbursement as may be agreed upon.
  (f) All functions of the Administrator under this title shall 
be coordinated as appropriate with the functions of the 
Secretary of Health and Human Services under title III of this 
Act.

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *


  coordinating council on juvenile justice and delinquency prevention

  Sec. 206. (a)(1) There is hereby established, as an 
independent organization in the executive branch of the Federal 
Government a Coordinating Council on Juvenile Justice and 
Delinquency Prevention composed of the Attorney General, the 
Secretary of Health and Human Services, the Administrator of 
the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, 
the Secretary of the Interior, the Secretary of Labor, the 
Secretary of Education, the Secretary of Housing and Urban 
Development, the Administrator of the Office of Juvenile 
Justice and Delinquency Prevention, the Director of the Office 
of National Drug Control Policy, the Chief Executive Officer of 
the Corporation for National and Community Service, the 
[Commissioner of Immigration and Naturalization] Assistant 
Secretary for Immigration and Customs Enforcement, such other 
officers of Federal agencies who hold significant 
decisionmaking authority as the President may designate, and 
individuals appointed under paragraph (2).
  (2)(A) Ten members shall be appointed, without regard to 
political affiliation, to the Council in accordance with this 
paragraph from among individuals who are practitioners in the 
field of juvenile justice and who are not officers or employees 
of the [United States] Federal Government.
  (B)(i) Three members shall be appointed by the Speaker of the 
House of Representatives, after consultation with the minority 
leader of the House of Representatives.
  (ii) Three members shall be appointed by the majority leader 
of the Senate, after consultation with the minority leader of 
the Senate.
  (iii) Three members shall be appointed by the President.
          (iv) One member shall be appointed by the Chairman of 
        the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate, in 
        consultation with the Vice Chairman of that Committee 
        and the Chairman and Ranking Member of the Committee on 
        Natural Resources of the House of Representatives.
  (C)(i) Of the members appointed under each of clauses (i), 
(ii), and (iii)--
          (I) 1 shall be appointed for a term of 1 year;
          (II) 1 shall be appointed for a term of 2 years; and
          (III) 1 shall be appointed for a term of 3 years;
as designated at the time of appointment.
  (ii) Except as provided in clause (iii), a vacancy arising 
during the term for which an appointment is made may be filled 
only for the remainder of such term.
  (iii) After the expiration of the term for which a member is 
appointed, such member may continue to serve until a successor 
is appointed.
  (b) The Attorney General shall serve as Chairman of the 
Council. The Administrator of the Office of Juvenile Justice 
and Delinquency Prevention shall serve as Vice Chairman of the 
Council. The Vice Chairman shall act as Chairman in the absence 
of the Chairman.
  (c)(1) The function of the Council shall be to coordinate all 
Federal juvenile delinquency programs (in cooperation with 
State and local juvenile justice programs) all Federal programs 
and activities that detain or care for unaccompanied juveniles, 
and all Federal programs relating to missing and exploited 
children. The Council shall examine how the separate programs 
can be coordinated among Federal, State, and local governments 
to better serve at-risk children and juveniles and shall make 
recommendations to the President and to the Congress at least 
annually with respect to the coordination of overall policy and 
development of objectives and priorities for all Federal 
juvenile delinquency programs and activities and all Federal 
programs and activities that detain or care for unaccompanied 
juveniles. The Council shall review the programs and practices 
of Federal agencies and report on the degree to which Federal 
agency funds are used for purposes which are consistent or 
inconsistent with the mandates of [paragraphs (12)(A), (13), 
and (14) of section 223(a) of this title] the core 
requirements. The Council shall review, and make 
recommendations with respect to, any joint funding proposal 
undertaken by the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency 
Prevention and any agency represented on the Council. The 
Council shall review the reasons why Federal agencies take 
juveniles into custody and shall make recommendations regarding 
how to improve Federal practices and facilities for holding 
juveniles in custody.
  (2) In addition to performing their functions as members of 
the Council, the members appointed under subsection (a)(2) 
shall collectively, on an annual basis--
          (A) make recommendations regarding the development of 
        the objectives, priorities, and the long-term plan, and 
        the implementation of overall policy and the strategy 
        to carry out such plan, referred to in section 
        204(a)(1); and
          [(B) not later than 180 days after the date of the 
        enactment of this paragraph, submit such 
        recommendations to the Administrator, the Chairman of 
        the Committee on Education and the Workforce of the 
        House of Representatives, and the Chairman of the 
        Committee on the Judiciary of the Senate.]
          (B) not later than 120 days after the completion of 
        the last meeting of the Council during any fiscal year, 
        submit to the Committee on Education and the Workforce 
        of the House of Representatives and the Committee on 
        the Judiciary of the Senate a report that--
                  (i) contains the recommendations described in 
                subparagraph (A);
                  (ii) includes a detailed account of the 
                activities conducted by the Council during the 
                fiscal year, including a complete detailed 
                accounting of expenses incurred by the Council 
                to conduct operations in accordance with this 
                section;
                  (iii) is published on the Web sites of the 
                Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency 
                Prevention, the Council, and the Department of 
                Justice; and
                  (iv) is in addition to the annual report 
                required under section 207.
  (d) The Council shall meet at least quarterly.
  (e) The Administrator shall, with the approval of the 
Council, appoint such personnel or staff support as the 
Administrator considers necessary to carry out the purposes of 
this title.
  (f) Members appointed under subsection (a)(2) shall serve 
without compensation. Members of the Council shall be 
reimbursed for travel, subsistence, and other necessary 
expenses incurred by them in carrying out the duties of the 
Council.
  (g) Of sums available to carry out this part, not more than 
$200,000 shall be available to carry out this section.

                             annual report

  Sec. 207. Not later than 180 days after the end of [a fiscal 
year] each fiscal year, the Administrator shall submit to the 
President, the Speaker of the House of Representatives, and the 
President pro tempore of the Senate a report that contains the 
following with respect to such fiscal year:
          (1) A detailed summary and analysis of the most 
        recent data available regarding the number of juveniles 
        taken into custody, the rate at which juveniles are 
        taken into custody, and the trends demonstrated by the 
        data required by subparagraphs (A), (B), and (C). Such 
        summary and analysis shall set out the information 
        required by subparagraphs (A), (B), (C), and (D) 
        separately for juvenile nonoffenders, juvenile status 
        offenders, and other juvenile offenders. Such summary 
        and analysis shall separately address with respect to 
        each category of juveniles specified in the preceding 
        sentence--
                  (A) the types of offenses with which the 
                juveniles are charged;
                  (B) the race [and gender], gender, and 
                ethnicity, as such term is defined by the 
                Bureau of the Census, of the juveniles;
                  (C) the ages of the juveniles;
                  (D) the types of facilities used to hold the 
                juveniles (including juveniles treated as 
                adults for purposes of prosecution) in custody, 
                including secure detention facilities, secure 
                correctional facilities, jails, and lockups;
                  (E) the number of juveniles who died while in 
                custody and the circumstances under which they 
                died; [and]
                  (F) the educational status of juveniles, 
                including information relating to learning and 
                other disabilities, failing performance, grade 
                retention, and dropping out of school[.];
                  (G) a summary of data from 1 month of the 
                applicable fiscal year of the use of restraints 
                and isolation upon juveniles held in the 
                custody of secure detention and correctional 
                facilities operated by a State or unit of local 
                government;
                  (H) the number of status offense cases 
                petitioned to court, number of status offenders 
                held in secure detention, the findings used to 
                justify the use of secure detention, and the 
                average period of time a status offender was 
                held in secure detention;
                  (I) the number of juveniles released from 
                custody and the type of living arrangement to 
                which they are released;
                  (J) the number of juveniles whose offense 
                originated on school grounds, during school-
                sponsored off-campus activities, or due to a 
                referral by a school official, as collected and 
                reported by the Department of Education or 
                similar State educational agency; and
                  (K) the number of juveniles in the custody of 
                secure detention and correctional facilities 
                operated by a State or unit of local government 
                who report being pregnant.
          (2) A description of the activities for which funds 
        are expended under this part, including the objectives, 
        priorities, accomplishments, and recommendations of the 
        Council.
          (3) A description, based on the most recent data 
        available, of the extent to which each State complies 
        with section 223 and with the plan submitted under such 
        section by the State for such fiscal year.
          (4) An evaluation of the programs funded under this 
        title and their effectiveness in reducing the incidence 
        of juvenile delinquency, particularly violent crime, 
        committed by juveniles.
          (5) A description of the criteria used to determine 
        what programs qualify as evidence-based and promising 
        programs under this title and title V and a 
        comprehensive list of those programs the Administrator 
        has determined meet such criteria in both rural and 
        urban areas.
          (6) A description of funding provided to Indian 
        tribes under this Act or for a juvenile delinquency or 
        prevention program under the Tribal Law and Order Act 
        of 2010 (Public Law 111-211; 124 Stat. 2261), including 
        direct Federal grants and funding provided to Indian 
        tribes through a State or unit of local government.
          (7) An analysis and evaluation of the internal 
        controls at the Office of Juvenile Justice and 
        Delinquency Prevention to determine if grantees are 
        following the requirements of the Office of Juvenile 
        Justice and Delinquency Prevention grant programs and 
        what remedial action the Office of Juvenile Justice and 
        Delinquency Prevention has taken to recover any grant 
        funds that are expended in violation of the grant 
        programs, including instances--
                  (A) in which supporting documentation was not 
                provided for cost reports;
                  (B) where unauthorized expenditures occurred; 
                or
                  (C) where subrecipients of grant funds were 
                not compliant with program requirements.
          (8) An analysis and evaluation of the total amount of 
        payments made to grantees that the Office of Juvenile 
        Justice and Delinquency Prevention recouped from 
        grantees that were found to be in violation of policies 
        and procedures of the Office of Juvenile Justice and 
        Delinquency Prevention grant programs, including--
                  (A) the full name and location of the 
                grantee;
                  (B) the violation of the program found;
                  (C) the amount of funds sought to be recouped 
                by the Office of Juvenile Justice and 
                Delinquency Prevention; and
                  (D) the actual amount recouped by the Office 
                of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention.

        Part B--Federal Assistance for State and Local Programs

                 authority to make grants and contracts

  Sec. 221. (a) The Administrator is authorized to make grants 
to States and units of local government or combinations thereof 
to assist them in planning, establishing, operating, 
coordinating, and evaluating projects directly or through 
grants and contracts with public and private agencies for the 
development of more effective education, training, research, 
prevention, diversion, treatment, and rehabilitation programs 
in the area of juvenile delinquency and programs to improve the 
juvenile justice system.
  (b)(1) With not to exceed [2 percent] 5 percent of the funds 
available in a fiscal year to carry out this part, the 
Administrator shall make grants to and enter into contracts 
with public and private agencies, organizations, and 
individuals to provide technical assistance to States, units of 
general local governments (and combinations thereof), and local 
private agencies to facilitate compliance with section 223 and 
implementation of the State plan approved under section 223(c).
  (2) Grants and contracts may be made under paragraph (1) only 
to public and private agencies, organizations, and individuals 
that have experience in providing such technical assistance.

                               allocation

  Sec. 222. (a)(1) Subject to paragraph (2) and in accordance 
with regulations promulgated under this part, funds shall be 
allocated annually among the States on the basis of relative 
population of people under [age eighteen] 18 years of age, 
based on the most recent data available from the Bureau of the 
Census.
  [(2)(A) Subject to paragraph (3), if the aggregate amount 
appropriated for a fiscal year to carry out this title is less 
than $75,000,000, then the amount allocated to each State for 
such fiscal year shall be not less than $325,000, or such 
greater amount up to $400,000 as is available to be allocated 
without reducing the amount of any State or territory's 
allocation below the amount allocated for fiscal year 2000, 
except that the amount allocated to the Virgin Islands of the 
United States, Guam, American Samoa, and the Commonwealth of 
the Northern Mariana Islands shall be not less than $75,000, or 
such greater amount up to $100,000 as is available to be 
allocated without reducing the amount of any State or 
territory's allocation below the amount allocated for fiscal 
year 2000, each.
  [(B) Subject to paragraph (3), if the aggregate amount 
appropriated for a fiscal year to carry out this title equals 
or exceeds $75,000,000, then the amount allocated to each State 
for such fiscal year shall be not less than $600,000, except 
that the amount allocated to the Virgin Islands of the United 
States, Guam, American Samoa, and the Commonwealth of the 
Northern Mariana Islands shall be not less than $100,000, or 
such greater amount up to $100,000 as is available to be 
allocated without reducing the amount of any State or 
territory's allocation below the amount allocated for fiscal 
year 2000, each.
  [(3) If, as a result of paragraph (2), the amount allocated 
to a State for a fiscal year would be less than the amount 
allocated to such State for fiscal year 2000, then the amounts 
allocated to satisfy the requirements of such paragraph shall 
be reduced pro rata to the extent necessary to allocate to such 
State for the fiscal year the amount allocated to such State 
for fiscal year 2000.]
  (2)(A) If the aggregate amount appropriated for a fiscal year 
to carry out this title is less than $75,000,000, then--
          (i) the amount allocated to each State other than a 
        State described in clause (ii) for that fiscal year 
        shall be not less than $400,000; and
          (ii) the amount allocated to the United States Virgin 
        Islands, Guam, American Samoa, and the Commonwealth of 
        the Northern Mariana Islands for that fiscal year shall 
        be not less than $75,000.
  (B) If the aggregate amount appropriated for a fiscal year to 
carry out this title is not less than $75,000,000, then--
          (i) the amount allocated to each State other than a 
        State described in clause (ii) for that fiscal year 
        shall be not less than $600,000; and
          (ii) the amount allocated to the United States Virgin 
        Islands, Guam, American Samoa, and the Commonwealth of 
        the Northern Mariana Islands for that fiscal year shall 
        be not less than $100,000.
  (b) If any amount so allocated remains unobligated at the end 
of the fiscal year, such funds shall be reallocated in a manner 
equitable and consistent with the purpose of this part. Any 
amount so reallocated shall be in addition to the amounts 
already allocated and available to the State, the Virgin 
Islands, American Samoa, Guam, and the Commonwealth of the 
Northern Mariana Islands for the same period.
  (c) In accordance with regulations promulgated under this 
part, a portion of any allocation to any State under this part 
shall be available to develop a State plan or for other pre-
award activities associated with such State plan, and to pay 
that portion of the expenditures which are necessary for 
[efficient administration, including monitoring, evaluation, 
and one full-time staff position] effective and efficient 
administration of funds, including the designation of not less 
than 1 individual who shall coordinate efforts to achieve and 
sustain compliance with the core requirements and certify 
whether the State is in compliance with such requirements. Not 
more than 10 percent of the total annual allocation of such 
State shall be available for such purposes, except that any 
amount expended or obligated by such State, or by units of 
local government or any combination thereof, from amounts made 
available under this subsection shall be matched (in an amount 
equal to any such amount so expended or obligated) by such 
State, or by such units or combinations, from State or local 
funds, as the case may be. The State shall make available 
needed funds for planning and administration to units of local 
government or combinations thereof within the State on an 
equitable basis.
  (d) In accordance with regulations promulgated under this 
part, [5 per centum of the minimum] not more than 5 percent of 
the annual allocation to any State under this part shall be 
available to assist the advisory group established under 
section 223(a)(3) of this Act.

                              state plans

  Sec. 223. (a) In order to receive formula grants under this 
part, a State shall submit a plan for carrying out its purposes 
applicable to a 3-year period. Such plan shall be amended 
annually to include new programs, projects, and activities. The 
State shall submit annual performance reports to the 
Administrator which shall describe progress in implementing 
programs contained in the original plan, [and shall describe 
the status of compliance with State plan requirements.] and 
shall describe how the State plan is supported by or takes 
account of scientific knowledge regarding adolescent 
development and behavior and regarding the effects of 
delinquency prevention programs and juvenile justice 
interventions on adolescents. Not later than 60 days after the 
date on which a plan or amended plan submitted under this 
subsection is finalized, a State shall make the plan or amended 
plan publicly available by posting the plan or amended plan on 
the State's publicly available website. In accordance with 
regulations which the Administrator shall prescribe, such plan 
shall--
          (1) designate the State agency [described in section 
        299(c)(1)] as designated by the chief executive officer 
        of the State as the sole agency for supervising the 
        preparation and administration of the plan;
          (2) contain satisfactory evidence that the state 
        agency designated in accordance with paragraph (1) has 
        or will have authority, by legislation if necessary, to 
        implement such plan in conformity with this part;
          (3) provide for an advisory group that--
                  (A) shall consist of not less than 15 and not 
                more than 33 members appointed by the chief 
                executive officer of the State--
                          (i) which members have training, 
                        experience, or special knowledge 
                        concerning adolescent development, the 
                        prevention and treatment of juvenile 
                        delinquency, the administration of 
                        juvenile justice, or the reduction of 
                        juvenile delinquency;
                          (ii) which members include--
                                  (I) at least 1 locally 
                                elected official representing 
                                general purpose local 
                                government;
                                  (II) representatives of law 
                                enforcement and juvenile 
                                justice agencies, including 
                                juvenile and family court 
                                judges, prosecutors, counsel 
                                for children and youth, 
                                publicly supported court-
                                appointed legal counsel with 
                                experience representing 
                                juveniles in delinquency 
                                proceedings, and probation 
                                workers;
                                  (III) representatives of 
                                public agencies concerned with 
                                delinquency prevention or 
                                treatment, such as welfare, 
                                social services, [mental 
                                health, education, special 
                                education] child and adolescent 
                                mental health, education, child 
                                and adolescent substance abuse, 
                                special education, services for 
                                youth with disabilities, 
                                recreation, and youth services;
                                  (IV) representatives of 
                                private nonprofit 
                                organizations, including 
                                persons with a special focus on 
                                preserving and strengthening 
                                families, parent groups and 
                                parent self-help groups, youth 
                                development, delinquency 
                                prevention and treatment, 
                                neglected or dependent 
                                children, the quality of 
                                juvenile justice, education, 
                                and social services for 
                                children;
                                  (V) volunteers who work with 
                                [delinquents or potential 
                                delinquents] delinquent youth 
                                or youth at risk of 
                                delinquency;
                                  (VI) [youth workers involved 
                                with] representatives of 
                                programs that are alternatives 
                                to incarceration, including 
                                programs providing organized 
                                recreation activities;
                                  (VII) persons with special 
                                experience and competence in 
                                addressing problems related to 
                                school violence and vandalism 
                                and alternatives to suspension 
                                and expulsion; [and]
                                  [(VIII) persons with special 
                                experience and competence in 
                                addressing problems related to 
                                learning disabilities, 
                                emotional difficulties, child 
                                abuse and neglect, and youth 
                                violence;]
                                  (VIII) persons, licensed or 
                                certified by the applicable 
                                State, with expertise and 
                                competence in preventing and 
                                addressing mental health and 
                                substance abuse needs in 
                                delinquent youth and youth at 
                                risk of delinquency;
                                  (IX) representatives of 
                                victim or witness advocacy 
                                groups, including at least 1 
                                individual with expertise in 
                                addressing the challenges of 
                                sexual abuse and exploitation 
                                and trauma, particularly the 
                                needs of special populations 
                                who experience disproportionate 
                                levels of sexual abuse, 
                                exploitation, and trauma before 
                                entering the juvenile justice 
                                system; and
                                  (X) for a State in which 1 or 
                                more Indian tribes are located, 
                                an Indian tribal representative 
                                or other individual with 
                                significant expertise in tribal 
                                law enforcement and juvenile 
                                justice in Indian tribal 
                                communities;
                          (iii) a majority of which members 
                        (including the chairperson) shall not 
                        be full-time employees of the Federal, 
                        State, or local government;
                          (iv) at least one-fifth of which 
                        members shall be under the age of [24 
                        at the time of appointment] 28 at the 
                        time of initial appointment; and
                          (v) at least 3 members who have been 
                        or are currently under the jurisdiction 
                        of the juvenile justice system or, if 
                        not feasible and in appropriate 
                        circumstances, who is the parent or 
                        guardian of someone who has been or is 
                        currently under the jurisdiction of the 
                        juvenile justice system;
                  (B) shall participate in the development and 
                review of the State's juvenile justice plan 
                prior to submission to the supervisory board 
                for final action;
                  (C) shall be afforded the opportunity to 
                review and comment, not later than [30 days] 45 
                days after their submission to the advisory 
                group, on all juvenile justice and delinquency 
                prevention grant applications submitted to the 
                State agency designated under paragraph (1);
                  (D) shall, consistent with this title--
                          (i) advise the State agency 
                        designated under paragraph (1) and its 
                        supervisory board; [and]
                          (ii) submit to the chief executive 
                        officer and the legislature of the 
                        State [at least annually 
                        recommendations regarding State 
                        compliance with the requirements of 
                        paragraphs (11), (12), and (13)] at 
                        least every 2 years a report and 
                        necessary recommendations regarding 
                        State compliance with the core 
                        requirements; and
                          (iii) contact and seek regular input 
                        from juveniles currently under the 
                        jurisdiction of the juvenile justice 
                        system; and
                  (E) may, consistent with this title--
                          (i) advise on State supervisory board 
                        and local criminal justice advisory 
                        board composition; and
                          (ii) review progress and 
                        accomplishments of projects funded 
                        under the State plan[.];
          (4) provide for the active consultation with and 
        participation of units of local government or 
        combinations thereof in the development of a State plan 
        which adequately takes into account the needs and 
        requests of units of local government, except that 
        nothing in the plan requirements, or any regulations 
        promulgated to carry out such requirements, shall be 
        construed to prohibit or impede the State from making 
        grants to, or entering into contracts with, local 
        private agencies or the advisory group;
          (5) unless the provisions of this paragraph are 
        waived at the discretion of the Administrator for any 
        State in which the services for delinquent or other 
        youth are organized primarily on a statewide basis, 
        provide that at least 66\2/3\ per centum of funds 
        received by the State under section 222 reduced by the 
        percentage (if any) specified by the State under the 
        authority of paragraph (25) and excluding funds made 
        available to the state advisory group under section 
        222(d), shall be expended--
                  (A) through programs of units of local 
                government or combinations thereof, to the 
                extent such programs are consistent with the 
                State plan;
                  (B) through programs of local private 
                agencies, to the extent such programs are 
                consistent with the State plan, except that 
                direct funding of any local private agency by a 
                State shall be permitted only if such agency 
                requests such funding after it has applied for 
                and been denied funding by any unit of local 
                government or combination thereof; and
                  (C) to provide funds for programs of [Indian 
                tribes that perform law enforcement functions 
                (as determined by the Secretary of the 
                Interior) and that agree to attempt to comply 
                with the requirements specified in paragraphs 
                (11), (12), and (13), applicable to the 
                detention and confinement of juveniles] Indian 
                tribes that agree to attempt to comply with the 
                core requirements applicable to the detention 
                and confinement of juveniles, an amount that 
                bears the same ratio to the aggregate amount to 
                be expended through programs referred to in 
                subparagraphs (A) and (B) as the population 
                under 18 years of age in the geographical areas 
                in which such tribes perform such functions 
                bears to the State population under 18 years of 
                age.
          (6) provide for an equitable distribution of the 
        assistance received under section 222 within the State, 
        including in rural areas;
          (7)(A) provide for an analysis of juvenile 
        delinquency problems in, and the juvenile delinquency 
        control and delinquency prevention needs (including 
        educational needs) of, the State (including any 
        geographical area in which an Indian tribe [performs 
        law enforcement functions] has jurisdiction), a 
        description of the services to be provided, and a 
        description of performance goals and priorities, 
        including a specific statement of the manner in which 
        programs are expected to meet the identified juvenile 
        crime problems (including the joining of gangs that 
        commit crimes) and juvenile justice and delinquency 
        prevention needs (including educational needs) of the 
        State; and
          (B) contain--
                  (i) an analysis of gender-specific services 
                for the prevention and treatment of juvenile 
                delinquency, including the types of such 
                services available and the need for such 
                services;
                  (ii) a plan for providing needed gender-
                specific services for the prevention and 
                treatment of juvenile delinquency;
                  (iii) a plan for providing needed services 
                for the prevention and treatment of juvenile 
                delinquency in rural areas; [and]
                  [(iv) a plan for providing needed mental 
                health services to juveniles in the juvenile 
                justice system, including information on how 
                such plan is being implemented and how such 
                services will be targeted to those juveniles in 
                such system who are in greatest need of such 
                services;]
                  (iv) a plan to provide alternatives to 
                detention for status offenders, survivors of 
                commercial sexual exploitation, and others, 
                where appropriate, such as specialized or 
                problem-solving courts or diversion to home-
                based or community-based services or treatment 
                for those youth in need of mental health, 
                substance abuse, or co-occurring disorder 
                services at the time such juveniles first come 
                into contact with the juvenile justice system;
                  (v) a plan to reduce the number of children 
                housed in secure detention and corrections 
                facilities who are awaiting placement in 
                residential treatment programs;
                  (vi) a plan to engage family members, where 
                appropriate, in the design and delivery of 
                juvenile delinquency prevention and treatment 
                services, particularly post-placement;
                  (vii) a plan to use community-based services 
                to respond to the needs of at-risk youth or 
                youth who have come into contact with the 
                juvenile justice system;
                  (viii) a plan to promote evidence-based and 
                trauma-informed programs and practices; and
                  (ix) not later than 1 year after the date of 
                enactment of the Supporting Youth Opportunity 
                and Preventing Delinquency Act of 2016, a plan, 
                which shall be implemented not later than 2 
                years after the date of enactment of the 
                Supporting Youth Opportunity and Preventing 
                Delinquency Act of 2016, to--
                          (I) eliminate the use of restraints 
                        of known pregnant juveniles housed in 
                        secure juvenile detention and 
                        correction facilities, during labor, 
                        delivery, and post-partum recovery, 
                        unless credible, reasonable grounds 
                        exist to believe the detainee presents 
                        an immediate and serious threat of 
                        hurting herself, staff, or others; and
                          (II) eliminate the use of abdominal 
                        restraints, leg and ankle restraints, 
                        wrist restraints behind the back, and 
                        four-point restraints on known pregnant 
                        juveniles, unless--
                                  (aa) credible, reasonable 
                                grounds exist to believe the 
                                detainee presents an immediate 
                                and serious threat of hurting 
                                herself, staff, or others; or
                                  (bb) reasonable grounds exist 
                                to believe the detainee 
                                presents an immediate and 
                                credible risk of escape that 
                                cannot be reasonably minimized 
                                through any other method;
          (8) provide for the coordination and maximum 
        utilization of [existing] evidence-based and promising 
        juvenile delinquency programs, programs operated by 
        public and private agencies and organizations, and 
        other related programs (such as education, special 
        education, recreation, health, and welfare programs) in 
        the State;
          (9) provide that not less than 75 percent of the 
        funds available to the State under section 222, other 
        than funds made available to the State advisory group 
        under section 222(d), whether expended directly by the 
        State, by the unit of local government, or by a 
        combination thereof, or through grants and contracts 
        with public or private nonprofit agencies, shall be 
        used for, with priority in funding given to entities 
        meeting the criteria for evidence-based or promising 
        programs--
                  (A) community-based alternatives (including 
                home-based alternatives) to incarceration and 
                institutionalization including--
                          (i) for status offenders and other 
                        youth who need temporary placement: 
                        crisis intervention, shelter, and 
                        after-care; [and]
                          (ii) for youth who need residential 
                        placement: a continuum of foster care 
                        or group home alternatives that provide 
                        access to a comprehensive array of 
                        services; and
                          (iii) for youth who are active or 
                        former gang members, specialized 
                        intensive and comprehensive services 
                        that address the unique issues 
                        encountered by youth when they become 
                        involved with gangs;
                  (B) community-based programs and services to 
                work with--
                          (i) [parents and other family 
                        members] status offenders, other youth, 
                        and the parents and other family 
                        members of such offenders and youth to 
                        strengthen families, including parent 
                        self-help groups, so that juveniles may 
                        [be retained] remain in their homes;
                          (ii) juveniles during their 
                        incarceration, and with their families, 
                        to ensure the safe return of such 
                        juveniles to their homes and to 
                        strengthen the families; and
                          (iii) parents with limited English-
                        speaking ability, particularly in areas 
                        where there is a large population of 
                        families with limited-English speaking 
                        ability;
                  (C) comprehensive juvenile justice and 
                delinquency prevention programs that meet the 
                needs of youth through the collaboration of the 
                many local systems before which a youth may 
                appear, including schools, courts, law 
                enforcement agencies, child protection 
                agencies, mental health agencies, welfare 
                services, health care agencies, and private 
                nonprofit agencies offering youth services;
                  (D) programs that provide treatment to 
                juvenile offenders who are victims of child 
                abuse or neglect, and to their families, in 
                order to reduce the likelihood that such 
                juvenile offenders will commit subsequent 
                violations of law;
                  (E) educational programs or supportive 
                services for [delinquent] at-risk or delinquent 
                youth or other juveniles--
                          (i) to encourage juveniles to remain 
                        in elementary and secondary schools or 
                        in alternative learning situations, 
                        including for truancy prevention and 
                        reduction;
                          (ii) to provide services to assist 
                        juveniles in making the transition to 
                        the world of work and self-sufficiency; 
                        and
                          (iii) enhance coordination with the 
                        local schools that such juveniles would 
                        otherwise attend, to ensure that--
                                  (I) the instruction that 
                                juveniles receive outside 
                                school is closely aligned with 
                                the instruction provided in 
                                school; and
                                  (II) information regarding 
                                any learning problems 
                                identified in such alternative 
                                learning situations are 
                                communicated to the schools;
                  (F) [expanding] programs to expand the use of 
                probation officers--
                          (i) particularly for the purpose of 
                        permitting nonviolent juvenile 
                        offenders (including status offenders) 
                        to remain at home with their families 
                        as an alternative to incarceration or 
                        institutionalization; and
                          (ii) to ensure that juveniles follow 
                        the terms of their probation;
                  (G) programs--
                          (i) to ensure youth have access to 
                        appropriate legal representation; and
                          (ii) to expand access to publicly 
                        supported, court-appointed legal 
                        counsel who are trained to represent 
                        juveniles in adjudication proceedings,
                 except that the State may not use more than 2 
                percent of the funds received under section 222 
                for these purposes;
                  [(G)] (H) counseling, training, and mentoring 
                programs, which may be in support of academic 
                tutoring, vocational and technical training, 
                and drug and violence prevention counseling, 
                that are designed to link at-risk juveniles, 
                juvenile offenders, or juveniles who have a 
                parent or legal guardian who is or was 
                incarcerated in a Federal, [State,] State, 
                tribal, or local correctional facility or who 
                is otherwise under the jurisdiction of a 
                Federal, [State,] State, tribal, or local 
                criminal justice system, particularly juveniles 
                residing in low-income and high-crime areas and 
                juveniles experiencing educational failure, 
                with responsible individuals (such as law 
                enforcement officials, Department of Defense 
                personnel, individuals working with local 
                businesses, and individuals working with 
                community-based and faith-based organizations 
                and agencies) who are properly screened and 
                trained;
                  [(H)] (I) programs designed to develop and 
                implement projects relating to juvenile 
                delinquency and learning disabilities, 
                including on-the-job training programs to 
                assist community services, law enforcement, and 
                juvenile justice personnel to more effectively 
                recognize and provide for learning disabled and 
                other juveniles with disabilities;
                  [(I)] (J) projects designed both to deter 
                involvement in illegal activities and to 
                promote involvement in lawful activities on the 
                part of gangs whose membership is substantially 
                composed of youth;
                  [(J)] (K) programs and projects designed to 
                provide for the treatment of youths' dependence 
                on or abuse of alcohol or other addictive or 
                nonaddictive drugs;
                  [(K)] (L) programs for positive youth 
                development that assist delinquent and other 
                at-risk youth in obtaining--
                          (i) a sense of safety and structure;
                          (ii) a sense of belonging and 
                        membership;
                          (iii) a sense of self-worth and 
                        social contribution;
                          (iv) a sense of independence and 
                        control over one's life; and
                          (v) a sense of closeness in 
                        interpersonal relationships;
                  [(L)] (M) programs that, in recognition of 
                varying degrees of the seriousness of 
                delinquent behavior and the corresponding 
                gradations in the responses of the juvenile 
                justice system in response to that behavior, 
                are designed to--
                          (i) encourage courts to develop and 
                        implement a continuum of pre-
                        adjudication and post-adjudication 
                        [restraints] alternatives that bridge 
                        the gap between traditional probation 
                        and confinement in a correctional 
                        setting (including specialized or 
                        problem-solving courts, expanded use of 
                        probation, mediation, restitution, 
                        community service, treatment, home 
                        detention, intensive supervision, 
                        electronic monitoring, and similar 
                        programs, and secure community-based 
                        treatment facilities linked to other 
                        support services such as health, mental 
                        health, education (remedial and 
                        special), job training, and 
                        recreation); and
                          (ii) assist in the provision [by the 
                        provision by the Administrator] of 
                        information and technical assistance, 
                        including technology transfer, [to 
                        States] in the design and utilization 
                        of risk assessment mechanisms to aid 
                        juvenile justice personnel in 
                        determining appropriate sanctions for 
                        delinquent behavior;
                  [(M)] (N) community-based programs and 
                services to work with juveniles, their parents, 
                and other family members during and after 
                incarceration in order to strengthen families 
                and reduce the risk of recidivism [so that such 
                juveniles may be retained in their homes];
                  [(N)] (O) programs (including referral to 
                literacy programs and social service programs) 
                to assist families with limited English-
                speaking ability that include delinquent 
                juveniles to overcome language and other 
                barriers that may prevent the complete 
                treatment of such juveniles and the 
                preservation of their families;
                  [(O)] (P) programs designed to prevent and to 
                reduce hate crimes committed by juveniles;
                  [(P)] (Q) after-school programs that provide 
                at-risk juveniles and juveniles in the juvenile 
                justice system with a range of age-appropriate 
                activities, including tutoring, mentoring, and 
                other educational and enrichment activities;
                  [(Q)] (R) community-based programs that 
                provide follow-up post-placement services to 
                adjudicated juveniles, to promote successful 
                reintegration into the community;
                  [(R)] (S) projects designed to develop and 
                implement programs to protect the rights of 
                juveniles affected by the juvenile justice 
                system; [and]
                  [(S)] (T) programs designed to provide mental 
                health or co-occurring disorder services for 
                court-involved or incarcerated juveniles 
                [suspected to be] in need of such services, 
                including assessment, development of 
                individualized treatment plans, [and discharge 
                plans] provision of treatment, and development 
                of discharge plans [.];
                  (U) programs and projects designed--
                          (i) to inform juveniles of the 
                        opportunity and process for sealing and 
                        expunging juvenile records; and
                          (ii) to assist juveniles in pursuing 
                        juvenile record sealing and 
                        expungements for both adjudications and 
                        arrests not followed by adjudications;
                except that the State may not use more than 2 
                percent of the funds received under section 222 
                for these purposes;
                  (V) programs that address the needs of girls 
                in or at risk of entering the juvenile justice 
                system, including pregnant girls, young 
                mothers, victims of sexual abuse, survivors of 
                commercial sexual exploitation or domestic 
                child sex trafficking, girls with disabilities, 
                and girls of color, including girls who are 
                members of an Indian tribe; and
                  (W) monitoring for compliance with the core 
                requirements and providing training and 
                technical assistance on the core requirements 
                to secure facilities;
          (10) provide for the development of an adequate 
        research, training, and evaluation capacity within the 
        State;
          [(11) shall, in accordance with rules issued by the 
        Administrator, provide that--
                  [(A) juveniles who are charged with or who 
                have committed an offense that would not be 
                criminal if committed by an adult, excluding--
                          [(i) juveniles who are charged with 
                        or who have committed a violation of 
                        section 922(x)(2) of title 18, United 
                        States Code, or of a similar State law;
                          [(ii) juveniles who are charged with 
                        or who have committed a violation of a 
                        valid court order; and
                          [(iii) juveniles who are held in 
                        accordance with the Interstate Compact 
                        on Juveniles as enacted by the State;
                shall not be placed in secure detention 
                facilities or secure correctional facilities; 
                and
                  [(B) juveniles--
                          [(i) who are not charged with any 
                        offense; and
                          [(ii) who are--
                                  [(I) aliens; or
                                  [(II) alleged to be 
                                dependent, neglected, or 
                                abused;
                shall not be placed in secure detention 
                facilities or secure correctional facilities;]
          (11)(A) in accordance with rules issued by the 
        Administrator, provide that a juvenile shall not be 
        placed in a secure detention facility or a secure 
        correctional facility, if--
                  (i) the juvenile is charged with or has 
                committed an offense that would not be criminal 
                if committed by an adult, excluding--
                          (I) a juvenile who is charged with or 
                        has committed a violation of section 
                        922(x)(2) of title 18, United States 
                        Code, or of a similar State law;
                          (II) a juvenile who is charged with 
                        or has committed a violation of a valid 
                        court order issued and reviewed in 
                        accordance with paragraph (23); and
                          (III) a juvenile who is held in 
                        accordance with the Interstate Compact 
                        on Juveniles as enacted by the State; 
                        or
                  (ii) the juvenile--
                          (I) is not charged with any offense; 
                        and
                          (II)(aa) is an alien; or
                          (bb) is alleged to be dependent, 
                        neglected, or abused; and
          (B) require that--
                  (i) not later than 3 years after the date of 
                enactment of the Supporting Youth Opportunity 
                and Preventing Delinquency Act of 2016, unless 
                a court finds, after a hearing and in writing, 
                that it is in the interest of justice, 
                juveniles awaiting trial or other legal process 
                who are treated as adults for purposes of 
                prosecution in criminal court and housed in a 
                secure facility--
                          (I) shall not have sight or sound 
                        contact with adult inmates; and
                          (II) except as provided in paragraph 
                        (13), may not be held in any jail or 
                        lockup for adults;
                  (ii) in determining under subparagraph (A) 
                whether it is in the interest of justice to 
                permit a juvenile to be held in any jail or 
                lockup for adults, or have sight or sound 
                contact with adult inmates, a court shall 
                consider--
                          (I) the age of the juvenile;
                          (II) the physical and mental maturity 
                        of the juvenile;
                          (III) the present mental state of the 
                        juvenile, including whether the 
                        juvenile presents an imminent risk of 
                        harm to the juvenile;
                          (IV) the nature and circumstances of 
                        the alleged offense;
                          (V) the juvenile's history of prior 
                        delinquent acts;
                          (VI) the relative ability of the 
                        available adult and juvenile detention 
                        facilities to not only meet the 
                        specific needs of the juvenile but also 
                        to protect the safety of the public as 
                        well as other detained youth; and
                          (VII) any other relevant factor; and
                  (iii) if a court determines under 
                subparagraph (A) that it is in the interest of 
                justice to permit a juvenile to be held in any 
                jail or lockup for adults--
                          (I) the court shall hold a hearing 
                        not less frequently than once every 30 
                        days, or in the case of a rural 
                        jurisdiction, not less frequently than 
                        once every 45 days, to review whether 
                        it is still in the interest of justice 
                        to permit the juvenile to be so held or 
                        have such sight or sound contact; and
                          (II) the juvenile shall not be held 
                        in any jail or lockup for adults, or 
                        permitted to have sight or sound 
                        contact with adult inmates, for more 
                        than 180 days, unless the court, in 
                        writing, determines there is good cause 
                        for an extension or the juvenile 
                        expressly waives this limitation;
          (12) provide that--
                  (A) juveniles alleged to be or found to be 
                delinquent or juveniles within the purview of 
                paragraph (11) will not be detained or confined 
                in any institution in which they have [contact] 
                sight or sound contact with adult inmates; and
                  (B) there is in effect in the State a policy 
                that requires individuals who work with both 
                such juveniles and such adult inmates, 
                including in collocated facilities, have been 
                trained and certified to work with juveniles;
          (13) provide that no juvenile will be detained or 
        confined in any jail or lockup for adults except--
                  (A) juveniles who are accused of nonstatus 
                offenses and who are detained in such jail or 
                lockup for a period not to exceed 6 hours--
                          (i) for processing or release;
                          (ii) while awaiting transfer to a 
                        juvenile facility; or
                          (iii) in which period such juveniles 
                        make a court appearance;
                and only if such juveniles do not have 
                [contact] sight or sound contact with adult 
                inmates and only if there is in effect in the 
                State a policy that requires individuals who 
                work with both such juveniles and adult inmates 
                in collocated facilities have been trained and 
                certified to work with juveniles;
                  (B) juveniles who are accused of nonstatus 
                offenses, who are awaiting an initial court 
                appearance that will occur within 48 hours 
                after being taken into custody (excluding 
                Saturdays, Sundays, and legal holidays), and 
                who are detained in a jail or lockup--
                          (i) in which--
                                  (I) such juveniles do not 
                                have [contact] sight or sound 
                                contact with adult inmates; and
                                  (II) there is in effect in 
                                the State a policy that 
                                requires individuals who work 
                                with both such juveniles and 
                                adults inmates in collocated 
                                facilities have been trained 
                                and certified to work with 
                                juveniles; and
                          (ii) that--
                                  (I) is located outside a 
                                metropolitan statistical area 
                                (as defined by the Office of 
                                Management and Budget) and has 
                                no existing acceptable 
                                alternative placement 
                                available;
                                  (II) is located where 
                                conditions of distance to be 
                                traveled or the lack of 
                                highway, road, or 
                                transportation do not allow for 
                                court appearances within 48 
                                hours (excluding Saturdays, 
                                Sundays, and legal holidays) so 
                                that a brief (not to exceed an 
                                additional 48 hours) delay is 
                                excusable; or
                                  (III) is located where 
                                conditions of safety exist 
                                (such as severe adverse, life-
                                threatening weather conditions 
                                that do not allow for 
                                reasonably safe travel), in 
                                which case the time for an 
                                appearance may be delayed until 
                                24 hours after the time that 
                                such conditions allow for 
                                reasonable safe travel;
          (14) provide for an [adequate system] effective 
        system of monitoring jails, lock-ups, detention 
        facilities, and correctional facilities[, and non-
        secure facilities] to [insure] ensure that the 
        [requirements of paragraphs (11), (12), and (13) ] core 
        requirements are met, and for annual reporting of the 
        results of such monitoring to the Administrator, except 
        that such reporting requirements shall not apply in the 
        case of a State which is in compliance with the other 
        requirements of this paragraph, which is in compliance 
        with the requirements in paragraphs (11) and (12), and 
        which has enacted legislation which conforms to such 
        requirements and which contains[, in the opinion of the 
        Administrator,] sufficient enforcement mechanisms to 
        ensure that such legislation will be administered 
        effectively;
          (15) implement policy, practice, and system 
        improvement strategies at the State, territorial, 
        local, and tribal levels, as applicable, to identify 
        and reduce racial and ethnic disparities among youth 
        who come into contact with the juvenile justice system, 
        without establishing or requiring numerical standards 
        or quotas, by--
                  (A) establishing or designating existing 
                coordinating bodies, composed of juvenile 
                justice stakeholders, (including 
                representatives of the educational system) at 
                the State, local, or tribal levels, to advise 
                efforts by States, units of local government, 
                and Indian tribes to reduce racial and ethnic 
                disparities;
                  (B) identifying and analyzing data on race 
                and ethnicity at all decision points in State, 
                local, or tribal juvenile justice systems to 
                determine which key points create racial and 
                ethnic disparities among youth who come into 
                contact with the juvenile justice system; and
                  (C) developing and implementing a work plan 
                that includes measurable objectives for policy, 
                practice, or other system changes, based on the 
                needs identified in the data collection and 
                analysis under subparagraph (B);
          [(15)] (16) provide assurance that youth in the 
        juvenile justice system are treated equitably on the 
        basis of gender, race, ethnicity, family income, and 
        disability;
          [(16)] (17) provide assurance that consideration will 
        be given to and that assistance will be available for 
        approaches designed to strengthen the families of 
        delinquent and other youth to prevent juvenile 
        delinquency (which approaches should include the 
        involvement of grandparents or other extended family 
        members when possible and appropriate and the provision 
        of family counseling during the incarceration of 
        juvenile family members and coordination of family 
        services when appropriate and feasible);
          [(17)] (18) provide for procedures to be established 
        for protecting the rights of recipients of services and 
        for assuring appropriate privacy with regard to records 
        relating to such services provided to any individual 
        under the State plan;
          [(18)] (19) provide assurances that--
                  (A) any assistance provided under this Act 
                will not cause the displacement (including a 
                partial displacement, such as a reduction in 
                the hours of nonovertime work, wages, or 
                employment benefits) of any currently employed 
                employee;
                  (B) activities assisted under this Act will 
                not impair an existing collective bargaining 
                relationship, contract for services, or 
                collective bargaining agreement; and
                  (C) no such activity that would be 
                inconsistent with the terms of a collective 
                bargaining agreement shall be undertaken 
                without the written concurrence of the labor 
                organization involved;
          [(19)] (20) provide for such fiscal control and fund 
        accounting procedures necessary to assure prudent use, 
        proper disbursement, and accurate accounting of funds 
        received under this title;
          [(20)] (21) provide reasonable assurances that 
        Federal funds made available under this part for any 
        period will be so used as to supplement and increase 
        (but not supplant) the level of the State, [local,] 
        local, tribal, and other non-Federal funds that would 
        in the absence of such Federal funds be made available 
        for the programs described in this part, and will in no 
        event replace such State, [local,] local, tribal, and 
        other non-Federal funds;
          [(21)] (22) provide that the State agency designated 
        under paragraph (1) will--
                  (A) to the extent practicable give priority 
                in funding to programs and activities that are 
                based on rigorous, systematic, and objective 
                research that is scientifically based;
                  (B) from time to time, but not less than 
                annually, review its plan and submit to the 
                Administrator an analysis and evaluation of the 
                effectiveness of the programs and activities 
                carried out under the plan, and any 
                modifications in the plan, including the survey 
                of State and local needs, that it considers 
                necessary; and
                  (C) not expend funds to carry out a program 
                if the recipient of funds who carried out such 
                program during the preceding 2-year period 
                fails to demonstrate, before the expiration of 
                such 2-year period, that such program achieved 
                substantial success in achieving the goals 
                specified in the application submitted by such 
                recipient to the State agency;
          [(22) address juvenile delinquency prevention efforts 
        and system improvement efforts designed to reduce, 
        without establishing or requiring numerical standards 
        or quotas, the disproportionate number of juvenile 
        members of minority groups, who come into contact with 
        the juvenile justice system;'',]
          (23) provide that if a juvenile is taken into custody 
        for violating a valid court order issued for committing 
        a status offense--
                  (A) an appropriate public agency shall be 
                promptly notified that such [juvenile] status 
                offender is held in custody for violating such 
                order;
                  (B) not later than 24 hours during which such 
                [juvenile] status offender is so held, an 
                authorized representative of such agency shall 
                interview, in person, such [juvenile] status 
                offender; [and]
                  (C) not later than 48 hours during which such 
                [juvenile] status offender is so held--
                          (i) such representative shall submit 
                        an assessment to the court that issued 
                        such order, regarding the immediate 
                        needs of such [juvenile] status 
                        offender; [and]
                          (ii) such court shall conduct a 
                        hearing to determine--
                                  (I) whether there is 
                                reasonable cause to believe 
                                that such [juvenile] status 
                                offender violated such order; 
                                and
                                  (II) the appropriate 
                                placement of such [juvenile] 
                                status offender pending 
                                disposition of the violation 
                                alleged; and
                          (iii) if such court determines the 
                        status offender should be placed in a 
                        secure detention facility or 
                        correctional facility for violating 
                        such order--
                                  (I) the court shall issue a 
                                written order that--
                                          (aa) identifies the 
                                        valid court order that 
                                        has been violated;
                                          (bb) specifies the 
                                        factual basis for 
                                        determining that there 
                                        is reasonable cause to 
                                        believe that the status 
                                        offender has violated 
                                        such order;
                                          (cc) includes 
                                        findings of fact to 
                                        support a determination 
                                        that there is no 
                                        appropriate less 
                                        restrictive alternative 
                                        available to placing 
                                        the status offender in 
                                        such a facility, with 
                                        due consideration to 
                                        the best interest of 
                                        the juvenile;
                                          (dd) specifies the 
                                        length of time, not to 
                                        exceed 7 days, that the 
                                        status offender may 
                                        remain in a secure 
                                        detention facility or 
                                        correctional facility, 
                                        and includes a plan for 
                                        the status offender's 
                                        release from such 
                                        facility; and
                                          (ee) may not be 
                                        renewed or extended; 
                                        and
                                  (II) the court may not issue 
                                a second or subsequent order 
                                described in subclause (I) 
                                relating to a status offender 
                                unless the status offender 
                                violates a valid court order 
                                after the date on which the 
                                court issues an order described 
                                in subclause (I);
                  (D) there are procedures in place to ensure 
                that any status offender held in a secure 
                detention facility or correctional facility 
                pursuant to a court order described in this 
                paragraph does not remain in custody longer 
                than 7 days or the length of time authorized by 
                the court, whichever is shorter; and
                  (E) not later than September 30, 2020 (with a 
                1-year extension for each additional fiscal 
                year that a State can demonstrate hardship, as 
                determined by the State, and submits in writing 
                evidence of such hardship to the Administrator 
                which shall be considered approved unless the 
                Administrator justifies to the State in writing 
                that the hardship does not qualify for an 
                exemption), the State will eliminate the use of 
                valid court orders to provide secure 
                confinement of status offenders, except that 
                juveniles may be held in secure confinement in 
                accordance with the Interstate Compact for 
                Juveniles if the judge issues a written order 
                that--
                          (i) specifies the factual basis to 
                        believe that the State has the 
                        authority to detain the juvenile under 
                        the terms of the Interstate Compact for 
                        Juveniles;
                          (ii) includes findings of fact to 
                        support a determination that there is 
                        no appropriate less restrictive 
                        alternative available to placing the 
                        juvenile in such a facility, with due 
                        consideration to the best interest of 
                        the juvenile;
                          (iii) specifies the length of time a 
                        juvenile may remain in secure 
                        confinement, not to exceed 15 days, and 
                        includes a plan for the return of the 
                        juvenile to the home State of the 
                        juvenile; and
                          (iv) may not be renewed or extended;
          (24) provide an assurance that if the State receives 
        under section 222 for any fiscal year an amount that 
        exceeds 105 percent of the amount the State received 
        under such section for fiscal year 2000, all of such 
        excess shall be expended through or for programs that 
        are part of a comprehensive and coordinated community 
        system of services;
          (25) specify a percentage (if any), not to exceed 5 
        percent, of funds received by the State under section 
        222 (other than funds made available to the State 
        advisory group under section 222(d)) that the State 
        will reserve for expenditure by the State to provide 
        incentive grants to units of general local government 
        that reduce the caseload of probation officers within 
        such units;
          (26) provide that the State, to the maximum extent 
        practicable, and in accordance with confidentiality 
        concerns, will implement a system to ensure that if a 
        juvenile is before a court in the juvenile justice 
        system, public child welfare records (including child 
        protective services records) relating to such juvenile 
        that are on file in the geographical area under the 
        jurisdiction of such court will be made known to such 
        court[;] , so as to provide for--
                  (A) data in child abuse or neglect reports 
                relating to juveniles entering the juvenile 
                justice system with a prior reported history of 
                arrest, court intake, probation and parole, 
                juvenile detention, and corrections; and
                  (B) a plan to use the data described in 
                subparagraph (A) to provide necessary services 
                for the treatment of such victims of child 
                abuse or neglect;
          [(27) establish policies and systems to incorporate 
        relevant child protective services records into 
        juvenile justice records for purposes of establishing 
        and implementing treatment plans for juvenile 
        offenders; and]
          [(28)] (27) provide assurances that juvenile 
        offenders whose placement is funded through section 472 
        of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 672) receive the 
        protections specified in section 471 of such Act (42 
        U.S.C. 671), including a case plan and case plan review 
        as defined in section 475 of such Act (42 U.S.C. 
        675)[.];
          (28) provide for the coordinated use of funds 
        provided under this title with other Federal and State 
        funds directed at juvenile delinquency prevention and 
        intervention programs;
          (29) describe the policies, procedures, and training 
        in effect for the staff of juvenile State correctional 
        facilities to eliminate the use of dangerous practices, 
        unreasonable restraints, and unreasonable isolation, 
        including by developing effective behavior management 
        techniques;
          (30) describe--
                  (A) the evidence-based methods that will be 
                used to conduct mental health and substance 
                abuse screening, assessment, referral, and 
                treatment for juveniles who--
                          (i) request a screening;
                          (ii) show signs of needing a 
                        screening; or
                          (iii) are held for a period of more 
                        than 24 hours in a secure facility that 
                        provides for an initial screening; and
                  (B) how the State will seek, to the extent 
                practicable, to provide or arrange for mental 
                health and substance abuse disorder treatment 
                for juveniles determined to be in need of such 
                treatment;
          (31) describe how reentry planning by the State for 
        juveniles will include--
                  (A) a written case plan based on an 
                assessment of needs that includes--
                          (i) the pre-release and post-release 
                        plans for the juveniles;
                          (ii) the living arrangement to which 
                        the juveniles are to be discharged; and
                          (iii) any other plans developed for 
                        the juveniles based on an 
                        individualized assessment; and
                  (B) review processes;
          (32) provide an assurance that the agency of the 
        State receiving funds under this title collaborates 
        with the State educational agency receiving assistance 
        under part A of title I of the Elementary and Secondary 
        Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 6311 et seq.) to 
        develop and implement a plan to ensure that, in order 
        to support educational progress--
                  (A) the student records of adjudicated 
                juveniles, including electronic records if 
                available, are transferred in a timely manner 
                from the educational program in the juvenile 
                detention or secure treatment facility to the 
                educational or training program into which the 
                juveniles will enroll;
                  (B) the credits of adjudicated juveniles are 
                transferred; and
                  (C) adjudicated juveniles receive full or 
                partial credit toward high school graduation 
                for secondary school coursework satisfactorily 
                completed before and during the period of time 
                during which the juveniles are held in custody, 
                regardless of the local educational agency or 
                entity from which the credits were earned; and
          (33) describe policies and procedures to--
                  (A) screen for, identify, and document in 
                records of the State the identification of 
                victims of domestic human trafficking, or those 
                at risk of such trafficking, upon intake; and
                  (B) divert youth described in subparagraph 
                (A) to appropriate programs or services, to the 
                extent practicable.
  (b) The State agency designated under subsection (a)(1), 
after receiving and considering the advice and recommendations 
of the advisory group referred to in subsection (a), shall 
approve the State plan and any modification thereof prior to 
submission to the Administrator.
  [(c) If a State fails to comply with any of the applicable 
requirements of paragraphs (11), (12), (13), and (22) of 
subsection (a) in any fiscal year beginning after September 30, 
2001, then--
          [(1) subject to paragraph (2), the amount allocated 
        to such State under section 222 for the subsequent 
        fiscal year shall be reduced by not less than 20 
        percent for each such paragraph with respect to which 
        the failure occurs, and
          [(2) the State shall be ineligible to receive any 
        allocation under such section for such fiscal year 
        unless--
                  [(A) the State agrees to expend 50 percent of 
                the amount allocated to the State for such 
                fiscal year to achieve compliance with any such 
                paragraph with respect to which the State is in 
                noncompliance; or
                  [(B) the Administrator determines that the 
                State--
                          [(i) has achieved substantial 
                        compliance with such applicable 
                        requirements with respect to which the 
                        State was not in compliance; and
                          [(ii) has made, through appropriate 
                        executive or legislative action, an 
                        unequivocal commitment to achieving 
                        full compliance with such applicable 
                        requirements within a reasonable time.]
  (c)(1) If a State fails to comply with any of the core 
requirements in any fiscal year, then--
          (A) subject to subparagraph (B), the amount allocated 
        to such State under section 222 for the subsequent 
        fiscal year shall be reduced by not less than 20 
        percent for each core requirement with respect to which 
        the failure occurs; and
          (B) the State shall be ineligible to receive any 
        allocation under such section for such fiscal year 
        unless--
                  (i) the State agrees to expend 50 percent of 
                the amount allocated to the State for such 
                fiscal year to achieve compliance with any such 
                core requirement with respect to which the 
                State is in noncompliance; or
                  (ii) the Administrator determines that the 
                State--
                          (I) has achieved substantial 
                        compliance with such applicable 
                        requirements with respect to which the 
                        State was not in compliance; and
                          (II) has made, through appropriate 
                        executive or legislative action, an 
                        unequivocal commitment to achieving 
                        full compliance with such applicable 
                        requirements within a reasonable time.
  (2) Of the total amount of funds not allocated for a fiscal 
year under paragraph (1)--
          (A) 50 percent of the unallocated funds shall be 
        reallocated under section 222 to States that have not 
        failed to comply with the core requirements; and
          (B) 50 percent of the unallocated funds shall be used 
        by the Administrator to provide additional training and 
        technical assistance to States for the purpose of 
        promoting compliance with the core requirements.
  (d) In the event that any State chooses not to submit a plan, 
fails to submit a plan, or submits a plan or any modification 
thereof, which the Administrator, after reasonable notice and 
opportunity for hearing, in accordance with sections 802, 803, 
and 804 of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe 
Streets Act of 1968, determines does not meet the requirements 
of this section, the Administrator shall endeavor to make that 
State's allocation under the provisions of section 222(a), 
excluding funds the Administrator shall make available to 
satisfy the requirement specified in section 222(d), available 
to local public and private non-profit agencies within such 
State for use in carrying out activities of the kinds 
[described in paragraphs (11), (12), (13), and (22) of 
subsection (a)] described in the core requirements. The 
Administrator shall make funds which remain available after 
disbursements are made by the Administrator under the preceding 
sentence, and any other unobligated funds, available on an 
equitable basis to those States that have achieved full 
compliance with [the requirements under paragraphs (11), (12), 
(13), and (22) of subsection (a)] the core requirements.
  (e) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the 
Administrator shall establish appropriate administrative and 
supervisory board membership requirements for a State agency 
designated under subsection (a)(1) and permit the State 
advisory group appointed under subsection (a)(3) to operate as 
the supervisory board for such agency, at the discretion of the 
chief executive officer of the State.
  (f) Technical Assistance.--
          (1) In general.--The Administrator shall provide 
        technical and financial assistance to an eligible 
        organization composed of member representatives of the 
        State advisory groups appointed under subsection (a)(3) 
        to assist such organization to carry out the functions 
        specified in paragraph (2).
          (2) Assistance.--To be eligible to receive such 
        assistance, such organization shall agree to carry out 
        activities that include--
                  [(A) conducting an annual conference of such 
                member representatives for purposes relating to 
                the activities of such State advisory groups;]
                  [(B)] (A) disseminating information, data, 
                standards, advanced techniques, and program 
                models;
                  [(C)] (B) reviewing Federal policies 
                regarding juvenile justice and delinquency 
                prevention;
                  [(D)] (C) advising the Administrator with 
                respect to particular functions or aspects of 
                the work of the Office; and
                  [(E)] (D) advising the President and Congress 
                with regard to State perspectives on the 
                operation of the Office and Federal legislation 
                pertaining to juvenile justice and delinquency 
                prevention.
  (g) Compliance Determination.--
          (1) In general.--For each fiscal year, the 
        Administrator shall make a determination regarding 
        whether each State receiving a grant under this title 
        is in compliance or out of compliance with respect to 
        each of the core requirements.
          (2) Reporting.--The Administrator shall--
                  (A) issue an annual public report--
                          (i) describing any determination 
                        described in paragraph (1) made during 
                        the previous year, including a summary 
                        of the information on which the 
                        determination is based and the actions 
                        to be taken by the Administrator 
                        (including a description of any 
                        reduction imposed under subsection 
                        (c)); and
                          (ii) for any such determination that 
                        a State is out of compliance with any 
                        of the core requirements, describing 
                        the basis for the determination; and
                  (B) make the report described in subparagraph 
                (A) available on a publicly available website.
          (3) Determinations required.--The Administrator may 
        not--
                  (A) determine that a State is ``not out of 
                compliance'', or issue any other determination 
                not described in paragraph (1), with respect to 
                any core requirement; or
                  (B) otherwise fail to make the compliance 
                determinations required under paragraph (1).

      [PART C--JUVENILE DELINQUENCY PREVENTION BLOCK GRANT PROGRAM

[SEC. 241. AUTHORITY TO MAKE GRANTS.

  [(a) Grants to Eligible States.--The Administrator may make 
grants to eligible States, from funds allocated under section 
242, for the purpose of providing financial assistance to 
eligible entities to carry out projects designed to prevent 
juvenile delinquency, including--
          [(1) projects that provide treatment (including 
        treatment for mental health problems) to juvenile 
        offenders, and juveniles who are at risk of becoming 
        juvenile offenders, who are victims of child abuse or 
        neglect or who have experienced violence in their 
        homes, at school, or in the community, and to their 
        families, in order to reduce the likelihood that such 
        juveniles will commit violations of law;
          [(2) educational projects or supportive services for 
        delinquent or other juveniles--
                  [(A) to encourage juveniles to remain in 
                elementary and secondary schools or in 
                alternative learning situations in educational 
                settings;
                  [(B) to provide services to assist juveniles 
                in making the transition to the world of work 
                and self-sufficiency;
                  [(C) to assist in identifying learning 
                difficulties (including learning disabilities);
                  [(D) to prevent unwarranted and arbitrary 
                suspensions and expulsions;
                  [(E) to encourage new approaches and 
                techniques with respect to the prevention of 
                school violence and vandalism;
                  [(F) which assist law enforcement personnel 
                and juvenile justice personnel to more 
                effectively recognize and provide for learning-
                disabled and other juveniles with disabilities;
                  [(G) which develop locally coordinated 
                policies and programs among education, juvenile 
                justice, and social service agencies; or
                  [(H) to provide services to juveniles with 
                serious mental and emotional disturbances (SED) 
                in need of mental health services;
          [(3) projects which expand the use of probation 
        officers--
                  [(A) particularly for the purpose of 
                permitting nonviolent juvenile offenders 
                (including status offenders) to remain at home 
                with their families as an alternative to 
                incarceration or institutionalization; and
                  [(B) to ensure that juveniles follow the 
                terms of their probation;
          [(4) counseling, training, and mentoring programs, 
        which may be in support of academic tutoring, 
        vocational and technical training, and drug and 
        violence prevention counseling, that are designed to 
        link at-risk juveniles, juvenile offenders, or 
        juveniles who have a parent or legal guardian who is or 
        was incarcerated in a Federal, State, or local 
        correctional facility or who is otherwise under the 
        jurisdiction of a Federal, State, or local criminal 
        justice system, particularly juveniles residing in low-
        income and high-crime areas and juveniles experiencing 
        educational failure, with responsible individuals (such 
        as law enforcement officers, Department of Defense 
        personnel, individuals working with local businesses, 
        and individuals working with community-based and faith-
        based organizations and agencies) who are properly 
        screened and trained;
          [(5) community-based projects and services (including 
        literacy and social service programs) which work with 
        juvenile offenders and juveniles who are at risk of 
        becoming juvenile offenders, including those from 
        families with limited English-speaking proficiency, 
        their parents, their siblings, and other family members 
        during and after incarceration of the juvenile 
        offenders, in order to strengthen families, to allow 
        juvenile offenders to be retained in their homes, and 
        to prevent the involvement of other juvenile family 
        members in delinquent activities;
          [(6) projects designed to provide for the treatment 
        (including mental health services) of juveniles for 
        dependence on or abuse of alcohol, drugs, or other 
        harmful substances;
          [(7) projects which leverage funds to provide 
        scholarships for postsecondary education and training 
        for low-income juveniles who reside in neighborhoods 
        with high rates of poverty, violence, and drug-related 
        crimes;
          [(8) projects which provide for an initial intake 
        screening of each juvenile taken into custody--
                  [(A) to determine the likelihood that such 
                juvenile will commit a subsequent offense; and
                  [(B) to provide appropriate interventions 
                (including mental health services) to prevent 
                such juvenile from committing subsequent 
                offenses;
          [(9) projects (including school- or community-based 
        projects) that are designed to prevent, and reduce the 
        rate of, the participation of juveniles in gangs that 
        commit crimes (particularly violent crimes), that 
        unlawfully use firearms and other weapons, or that 
        unlawfully traffic in drugs and that involve, to the 
        extent practicable, families and other community 
        members (including law enforcement personnel and 
        members of the business community) in the activities 
        conducted under such projects;
          [(10) comprehensive juvenile justice and delinquency 
        prevention projects that meet the needs of juveniles 
        through the collaboration of the many local service 
        systems juveniles encounter, including schools, courts, 
        law enforcement agencies, child protection agencies, 
        mental health agencies, welfare services, health care 
        agencies (including collaboration on appropriate 
        prenatal care for pregnant juvenile offenders), private 
        nonprofit agencies, and public recreation agencies 
        offering services to juveniles;
          [(11) to develop, implement, and support, in 
        conjunction with public and private agencies, 
        organizations, and businesses, projects for the 
        employment of juveniles and referral to job training 
        programs (including referral to Federal job training 
        programs);
          [(12) delinquency prevention activities which involve 
        youth clubs, sports, recreation and parks, peer 
        counseling and teaching, the arts, leadership 
        development, community service, volunteer service, 
        before- and after-school programs, violence prevention 
        activities, mediation skills training, camping, 
        environmental education, ethnic or cultural enrichment, 
        tutoring, and academic enrichment;
          [(13) to establish policies and systems to 
        incorporate relevant child protective services records 
        into juvenile justice records for purposes of 
        establishing treatment plans for juvenile offenders;
          [(14) programs that encourage social competencies, 
        problem-solving skills, and communication skills, youth 
        leadership, and civic involvement;
          [(15) programs that focus on the needs of young girls 
        at-risk of delinquency or status offenses;
          [(16) projects which provide for--
                  [(A) an assessment by a qualified mental 
                health professional of incarcerated juveniles 
                who are suspected to be in need of mental 
                health services;
                  [(B) the development of an individualized 
                treatment plan for those incarcerated juveniles 
                determined to be in need of such services;
                  [(C) the inclusion of a discharge plan for 
                incarcerated juveniles receiving mental health 
                services that addresses aftercare services; and
                  [(D) all juveniles receiving psychotropic 
                medications to be under the care of a licensed 
                mental health professional;
          [(17) after-school programs that provide at-risk 
        juveniles and juveniles in the juvenile justice system 
        with a range of age-appropriate activities, including 
        tutoring, mentoring, and other educational and 
        enrichment activities;
          [(18) programs related to the establishment and 
        maintenance of a school violence hotline, based on a 
        public-private partnership, that students and parents 
        can use to report suspicious, violent, or threatening 
        behavior to local school and law enforcement 
        authorities;
          [(19) programs (excluding programs to purchase guns 
        from juveniles) designed to reduce the unlawful 
        acquisition and illegal use of guns by juveniles, 
        including partnerships between law enforcement 
        agencies, health professionals, school officials, 
        firearms manufacturers, consumer groups, faith-based 
        groups and community organizations;
          [(20) programs designed to prevent animal cruelty by 
        juveniles and to counsel juveniles who commit animal 
        cruelty offenses, including partnerships among law 
        enforcement agencies, animal control officers, social 
        services agencies, and school officials;
          [(21) programs that provide suicide prevention 
        services for incarcerated juveniles and for juveniles 
        leaving the incarceration system;
          [(22) programs to establish partnerships between 
        State educational agencies and local educational 
        agencies for the design and implementation of character 
        education and training programs that reflect the values 
        of parents, teachers, and local communities, and 
        incorporate elements of good character, including 
        honesty, citizenship, courage, justice, respect, 
        personal responsibility, and trustworthiness;
          [(23) programs that foster strong character 
        development in at-risk juveniles and juveniles in the 
        juvenile justice system;
          [(24) local programs that provide for immediate 
        psychological evaluation and follow-up treatment 
        (including evaluation and treatment during a mandatory 
        holding period for not less than 24 hours) for 
        juveniles who bring a gun on school grounds without 
        permission from appropriate school authorities; and
          [(25) other activities that are likely to prevent 
        juvenile delinquency.
  [(b) Grants to Eligible Indian Tribes.--The Administrator may 
make grants to eligible Indian tribes from funds allocated 
under section 242(b), to carry out projects of the kinds 
described in subsection (a).

[SEC. 242. ALLOCATION.

  [(a) Allocation Among Eligible States.--Subject to subsection 
(b), funds appropriated to carry out this part shall be 
allocated among eligible States proportionately based on the 
population that is less than 18 years of age in the eligible 
States.
  [(b) Allocation Among Indian Tribes Collectively.--Before 
allocating funds under subsection (a) among eligible States, 
the Administrator shall allocate among eligible Indian tribes 
as determined under section 246(a), an aggregate amount equal 
to the amount such tribes would be allocated under subsection 
(a), and without regard to this subsection, if such tribes were 
treated collectively as an eligible State.

[SEC. 243. ELIGIBILITY OF STATES.

  [(a) Application.--To be eligible to receive a grant under 
section 241, a State shall submit to the Administrator an 
application that contains the following:
          [(1) An assurance that the State will use--
                  [(A) not more than 5 percent of such grant, 
                in the aggregate, for--
                          [(i) the costs incurred by the State 
                        to carry out this part; and
                          [(ii) to evaluate, and provide 
                        technical assistance relating to, 
                        projects and activities carried out 
                        with funds provided under this part; 
                        and
                  [(B) the remainder of such grant to make 
                grants under section 244.
          [(2) An assurance that, and a detailed description of 
        how, such grant will supplement, and not supplant State 
        and local efforts to prevent juvenile delinquency.
          [(3) An assurance that such application was prepared 
        after consultation with and participation by the State 
        advisory group, community-based organizations, and 
        organizations in the local juvenile justice system, 
        that carry out programs, projects, or activities to 
        prevent juvenile delinquency.
          [(4) An assurance that the State advisory group will 
        be afforded the opportunity to review and comment on 
        all grant applications submitted to the State agency.
          [(5) An assurance that each eligible entity described 
        in section 244 that receives an initial grant under 
        section 244 to carry out a project or activity shall 
        also receive an assurance from the State that such 
        entity will receive from the State, for the subsequent 
        fiscal year to carry out such project or activity, a 
        grant under such section in an amount that is 
        proportional, based on such initial grant and on the 
        amount of the grant received under section 241 by the 
        State for such subsequent fiscal year, but that does 
        not exceed the amount specified for such subsequent 
        fiscal year in such application as approved by the 
        State.
          [(6) Such other information and assurances as the 
        Administrator may reasonably require by rule.
  [(b) Approval of Applications.--
          [(1) Approval required.--Subject to paragraph (2), 
        the Administrator shall approve an application, and 
        amendments to such application submitted in subsequent 
        fiscal years, that satisfy the requirements of 
        subsection (a).
          [(2) Limitation.--The Administrator may not approve 
        such application (including amendments to such 
        application) for a fiscal year unless--
                  [(A)(i) the State submitted a plan under 
                section 223 for such fiscal year; and
                  [(ii) such plan is approved by the 
                Administrator for such fiscal year; or
                  [(B) the Administrator waives the application 
                of subparagraph (A) to such State for such 
                fiscal year, after finding good cause for such 
                a waiver.

[SEC. 244. GRANTS FOR LOCAL PROJECTS.

  [(a) Grants by States.--Using a grant received under section 
241, a State may make grants to eligible entities whose 
applications are received by the State, and reviewed by the 
State advisory group, to carry out projects and activities 
described in section 241.
  [(b) Special Consideration.--For purposes of making grants 
under subsection (a), the State shall give special 
consideration to eligible entities that--
          [(1) propose to carry out such projects in 
        geographical areas in which there is--
                  [(A) a disproportionately high level of 
                serious crime committed by juveniles; or
                  [(B) a recent rapid increase in the number of 
                nonstatus offenses committed by juveniles;
          [(2)(A) agreed to carry out such projects or 
        activities that are multidisciplinary and involve more 
        than 2 private nonprofit agencies, organizations, and 
        institutions that have experience dealing with 
        juveniles; or
          [(B) represent communities that have a comprehensive 
        plan designed to identify at-risk juveniles and to 
        prevent or reduce the rate of juvenile delinquency, and 
        that involve other entities operated by individuals who 
        have a demonstrated history of involvement in 
        activities designed to prevent juvenile delinquency; 
        and
          [(3) the amount of resources (in cash or in kind) 
        such entities will provide to carry out such projects 
        and activities.

[SEC. 245. ELIGIBILITY OF ENTITIES.

  [(a) Eligibility.--Except as provided in subsection (b), to 
be eligible to receive a grant under section 244, a unit of 
general purpose local government, acting jointly with not fewer 
than 2 private nonprofit agencies, organizations, and 
institutions that have experience dealing with juveniles, shall 
submit to the State an application that contains the following:
          [(1) An assurance that such applicant will use such 
        grant, and each such grant received for the subsequent 
        fiscal year, to carry out throughout a 2-year period a 
        project or activity described in reasonable detail, and 
        of a kind described in one or more of paragraphs (1) 
        through (25) of section 241(a) as specified in, such 
        application.
          [(2) A statement of the particular goals such project 
        or activity is designed to achieve, and the methods 
        such entity will use to achieve, and assess the 
        achievement of, each of such goals.
          [(3) A statement identifying the research (if any) 
        such entity relied on in preparing such application.
  [(b) Limitation.--If an eligible entity that receives a grant 
under section 244 to carry out a project or activity for a 2-
year period, and receives technical assistance from the State 
or the Administrator after requesting such technical assistance 
(if any), fails to demonstrate, before the expiration of such 
2-year period, that such project or such activity has achieved 
substantial success in achieving the goals specified in the 
application submitted by such entity to receive such grants, 
then such entity shall not be eligible to receive any 
subsequent grant under such section to continue to carry out 
such project or activity.

[SEC. 246. GRANTS TO INDIAN TRIBES.

  [(a) Eligibility.--
          [(1) Application.--To be eligible to receive a grant 
        under section 241(b), an Indian tribe shall submit to 
        the Administrator an application in accordance with 
        this section, in such form and containing such 
        information as the Administrator may require by rule.
          [(2) Plans.--Such application shall include a plan 
        for conducting programs, projects, and activities 
        described in section 241(a), which plan shall--
                  [(A) provide evidence that the applicant 
                Indian tribe performs law enforcement functions 
                (as determined by the Secretary of the 
                Interior);
                  [(B) identify the juvenile justice and 
                delinquency problems and juvenile delinquency 
                prevention needs to be addressed by activities 
                conducted with funds provided by the grant for 
                which such application is submitted, by the 
                Indian tribe in the geographical area under the 
                jurisdiction of the Indian tribe;
                  [(C) provide for fiscal control and 
                accounting procedures that--
                          [(i) are necessary to ensure the 
                        prudent use, proper disbursement, and 
                        accounting of grants received by 
                        applicants under this section; and
                          [(ii) are consistent with the 
                        requirement specified in subparagraph 
                        (B); and
                  [(D) comply with the requirements specified 
                in section 223(a) (excluding any requirement 
                relating to consultation with a State advisory 
                group) and with the requirements specified in 
                section 222(c); and
                  [(E) contain such other information, and be 
                subject to such additional requirements, as the 
                Administrator may reasonably require by rule to 
                ensure the effectiveness of the projects for 
                which grants are made under section 241(b).
  [(b) Factors for Consideration.--For the purpose of selecting 
eligible applicants to receive grants under section 241(b), the 
Administrator shall consider--
          [(1) the resources that are available to each 
        applicant Indian tribe that will assist, and be 
        coordinated with, the overall juvenile justice system 
        of the Indian tribe; and
          [(2) with respect to each such applicant--
                  [(A) the juvenile population; and
                  [(B) the population and the entities that 
                will be served by projects proposed to be 
                carried out with the grant for which the 
                application is submitted.
  [(c) Grant Process.--
          [(1) Selection of grant recipients.--
                  [(A) Selection Requirements.--Except as 
                provided in paragraph (2), the Administrator 
                shall--
                          [(i) make grants under this section 
                        on a competitive basis; and
                          [(ii) specify in writing to each 
                        applicant selected to receive a grant 
                        under this section, the terms and 
                        conditions on which such grant is made 
                        to such applicant.
                  [(B) Period of grant.--A grant made under 
                this section shall be available for expenditure 
                during a 2-year period.
          [(2) Exception.--If--
                  [(A) in the 2-year period for which a grant 
                made under this section shall be expended, the 
                recipient of such grant applies to receive a 
                subsequent grant under this section; and
                  [(B) the Administrator determines that such 
                recipient performed during the year preceding 
                the 2-year period for which such recipient 
                applies to receive such subsequent grant 
                satisfactorily and in accordance with the terms 
                and conditions applicable to the grant 
                received;
        then the Administrator may waive the application of the 
        competition-based requirement specified in paragraph 
        (1)(A)(i) and may allow the applicant to incorporate by 
        reference in the current application the text of the 
        plan contained in the recipient's most recent 
        application previously approved under this section.
          [(3) Authority to modify application process for 
        subsequent grants.--The Administrator may modify by 
        rule the operation of subsection (a) with respect to 
        the submission and contents of applications for 
        subsequent grants described in paragraph (2).
  [(d) Reporting Requirement.--Each Indian tribe that receives 
a grant under this section shall be subject to the fiscal 
accountability provisions of section 5(f)(1) of the Indian 
Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 
450c(f)(1)), relating to the submission of a single-agency 
audit report required by chapter 75 of title 31, United States 
Code.
  [(e) Matching Requirement.--(1) Funds appropriated for the 
activities of any agency of an Indian tribal government or the 
Bureau of Indian Affairs performing law enforcement functions 
on any Indian lands may be used to provide the non-Federal 
share of any program or project with a matching requirement 
funded under this section.
  [(2) Paragraph (1) shall not apply with respect to funds 
appropriated before the date of the enactment of the Juvenile 
Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 2002.
  [(3) If the Administrator determines that an Indian tribe 
does not have sufficient funds available to meet the non-
Federal share of the cost of any program or activity to be 
funded under the grant, the Administrator may increase the 
Federal share of the cost thereof to the extent the 
Administrator deems necessary.]

      PART D--RESEARCH; EVALUATION; TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE; TRAINING

SEC. 251. RESEARCH AND EVALUATION; STATISTICAL ANALYSES; INFORMATION 
                    DISSEMINATION.

  (a) Research and Evaluation.--(1) The Administrator [may] 
shall--
          (A) [plan and identify] annually publish a plan to 
        identify the purposes and goals of all agreements 
        carried out with funds provided under this subsection; 
        and
          (B) conduct research or evaluation in juvenile 
        justice matters, for the purpose of providing research 
        and evaluation relating to--
                  (i) the prevention, reduction, and control of 
                juvenile delinquency and serious crime 
                committed by juveniles;
                  (ii) the link between juvenile delinquency 
                and the incarceration of members of the 
                families of juveniles;
                  [(iii) successful efforts to prevent first-
                time minor offenders from committing subsequent 
                involvement in serious crime;]
                  (iii) successful efforts to prevent status 
                offenders and first-time minor offenders from 
                subsequent involvement with the juvenile 
                justice and criminal justice systems;
                  (iv) successful efforts to prevent 
                recidivism;
                  (v) the juvenile justice system;
                  (vi) juvenile violence;
                  [(vii) appropriate mental health services for 
                juveniles and youth at risk of participating in 
                delinquent activities;]
                  (vii) the prevalence and duration of 
                behavioral health needs (including mental 
                health, substance abuse, and co-occurring 
                disorders) among juveniles pre-placement and 
                post-placement in the juvenile justice system, 
                including an examination of the effects of 
                secure confinement;
                  (viii) reducing the proportion of juveniles 
                detained or confined in secure detention 
                facilities, secure correctional facilities, 
                jails, and lockups who are members of minority 
                groups;
                  (ix) training efforts and reforms that have 
                produced reductions in or elimination of the 
                use of dangerous practices;
                  (x) methods to improve the recruitment, 
                selection, training, and retention of 
                professional personnel who are focused on the 
                prevention, identification, and treatment of 
                delinquency;
                  (xi) methods to improve the identification 
                and response to victims of domestic child sex 
                trafficking within the juvenile justice system;
                  (xii) identifying positive outcome measures, 
                such as attainment of employment and 
                educational degrees, that States and units of 
                local government should use to evaluate the 
                success of programs aimed at reducing 
                recidivism of youth who have come in contact 
                with the juvenile justice system or criminal 
                justice system;
                  (xiii) evaluating the impact and outcomes of 
                the prosecution and sentencing of juveniles as 
                adults;
                  (xiv) successful and cost-effective efforts 
                by States and units of local government to 
                reduce recidivism through policies that provide 
                for consideration of appropriate alternative 
                sanctions to incarceration of youth facing 
                nonviolent charges, while ensuring that public 
                safety is preserved;
                  [(ix)] (xv) evaluating services, treatment, 
                and aftercare placement of juveniles who were 
                under the care of the State child protection 
                system before their placement in the juvenile 
                justice system;
                  [(x)] (xvi) determining--
                          (I) the frequency, seriousness, and 
                        incidence of drug use by youth in 
                        schools and communities in the States 
                        using, if appropriate, data submitted 
                        by the States pursuant to this 
                        subparagraph and subsection (b); and
                          (II) the frequency, degree of harm, 
                        and morbidity of violent incidents, 
                        particularly firearm-related injuries 
                        and fatalities, by youth in schools and 
                        communities in the States, including 
                        information with respect to--
                                  (aa) the relationship between 
                                victims and perpetrators;
                                  (bb) demographic 
                                characteristics of victims and 
                                perpetrators; and
                                  (cc) the type of weapons used 
                                in incidents, as classified in 
                                the Uniform Crime Reports of 
                                the Federal Bureau of 
                                Investigation; and
                  [(xi)] (xvii) other purposes consistent with 
                the purposes of this title and title I.
  (2) The Administrator shall ensure that an equitable amount 
of funds available to carry out paragraph (1)(B) is used for 
research and evaluation relating to the prevention of juvenile 
delinquency.
  (3) Nothing in this subsection shall be construed to permit 
the development of a national database of personally 
identifiable information on individuals involved in studies, or 
in data-collection efforts, carried out under paragraph 
(1)(B)(x).
  (4) Not later than 1 year after the [date of enactment of 
this paragraph, the] date of enactment of the Supporting Youth 
Opportunity and Preventing Delinquency Act of 2016, the 
Administrator shall conduct a study with respect to juveniles 
who, prior to placement in the juvenile justice system, were 
under the care or custody of the State child welfare system, 
and to juveniles who are unable to return to their family after 
completing their disposition in the juvenile justice system and 
who remain wards of the State in accordance with relevant 
confidentiality requirements. Such study shall include--
          (A) the number of juveniles in each category;
          (B) the extent to which State juvenile justice 
        systems and child welfare systems are coordinating 
        services and treatment for such juveniles;
          (C) the Federal and local sources of funds used for 
        placements and post-placement services;
          (D) barriers faced by State and Indian tribes in 
        providing services to these juveniles;
          (E) the types of post-placement services used;
          (F) the frequency of case plans and case plan 
        reviews; [and]
          (G) the extent to which case plans identify and 
        address permanency and placement barriers and treatment 
        plans[.];
          (H) a description of the best practices in discharge 
        planning; and
          (I) an assessment of living arrangements for 
        juveniles who, upon release from confinement in a State 
        correctional facility, cannot return to the residence 
        they occupied prior to such confinement.
  (b) Statistical Analyses.--The Administrator [may] shall--
          (1) plan and identify the purposes and goals of all 
        agreements carried out with funds provided under this 
        subsection; and
          (2) undertake statistical work in juvenile justice 
        matters, for the purpose of providing for the 
        collection, analysis, and dissemination of statistical 
        data and information relating to juvenile delinquency 
        and serious crimes committed by juveniles, to the 
        juvenile justice system, to juvenile violence, and to 
        other purposes consistent with the purposes of this 
        title and title I.
  (c) Grant Authority and Competitive Selection Process.--The 
Administrator may make grants and enter into contracts with 
public or private agencies, organizations, or individuals and 
shall use a competitive process, established by rule by the 
Administrator, to carry out subsections (a) and (b).
  (d) Implementation of Agreements.--A Federal agency that 
makes an agreement under subsections (a)(1)(B) and (b)(2) with 
the Administrator may carry out such agreement directly or by 
making grants to or contracts with public and private agencies, 
institutions, and organizations.
  (e) Information Dissemination.--The Administrator may--
          (1) review reports and data relating to the juvenile 
        justice system in the United States and in foreign 
        nations (as appropriate), collect data and information 
        from studies and research into all aspects of juvenile 
        delinquency (including the causes, prevention, and 
        treatment of juvenile delinquency) and serious crimes 
        committed by juveniles;
          (2) establish and operate, directly or by contract, a 
        clearinghouse and information center for the 
        preparation, publication, and dissemination of 
        information relating to juvenile delinquency, including 
        State and local prevention and treatment programs, 
        plans, resources, and training and technical assistance 
        programs; and
          (3) make grants and contracts with public and private 
        agencies, institutions, and organizations, for the 
        purpose of disseminating information to representatives 
        and personnel of public and private agencies, including 
        practitioners in juvenile justice, law enforcement, the 
        courts, corrections, schools, and related services, in 
        the establishment, implementation, and operation of 
        projects and activities for which financial assistance 
        is provided under this title.
  (f) National Recidivism Measure.--The Administrator, in 
accordance with applicable confidentiality requirements and in 
consultation with experts in the field of juvenile justice 
research, recidivism, and data collection, shall--
          (1) establish a uniform method of data collection and 
        technology that States may use to evaluate data on 
        juvenile recidivism on an annual basis;
          (2) establish a common national juvenile recidivism 
        measurement system; and
          (3) make cumulative juvenile recidivism data that is 
        collected from States available to the public.

SEC. 252. TRAINING AND TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE.

  (a) Training.--The Administrator [may]--
          (1) shall develop and carry out projects for the 
        purpose of training representatives and personnel of 
        public and private agencies, including practitioners in 
        juvenile justice, law enforcement, courts (including 
        model juvenile and family courts), corrections, 
        schools, and related services, to carry out the 
        purposes specified in section 102; [and]
          (2) may make grants to and contracts with public and 
        private agencies, institutions, and organizations for 
        the purpose of training representatives and personnel 
        of public and private agencies, including practitioners 
        in juvenile justice, law enforcement, courts (including 
        model juvenile and family courts), corrections, 
        schools, and related services, to carry out the 
        purposes specified in section 102[.]; and
          (3) shall provide periodic training for States 
        regarding implementation of the core requirements, 
        current protocols and best practices for achieving and 
        monitoring compliance, and information sharing 
        regarding relevant Office resources on evidence-based 
        and promising programs or practices that promote the 
        purposes of this Act.
  (b) Technical Assistance.--The Administrator [may]--
          (1) shall develop and implement projects for the 
        purpose of providing technical assistance to 
        representatives and personnel of public and private 
        agencies and organizations, including practitioners in 
        juvenile justice, law enforcement, courts (including 
        model juvenile and family courts), corrections, 
        schools, and related services, in the establishment, 
        implementation, and operation of programs, projects, 
        and activities for which financial assistance is 
        provided under this title, including compliance with 
        the core requirements; [and]
          (2) may make grants to and contracts with public and 
        private agencies, institutions, and organizations, for 
        the purpose of providing technical assistance to 
        representatives and personnel of public and private 
        agencies, including practitioners in juvenile justice, 
        law enforcement, courts (including model juvenile and 
        family courts), corrections, schools, and related 
        services, in the establishment, implementation, and 
        operation of programs, projects, and activities for 
        which financial assistance is provided under this 
        title[.];
          (3) shall provide technical assistance to States and 
        units of local government on achieving compliance with 
        the amendments to the core requirements and State Plans 
        made by the Supporting Youth Opportunity and Preventing 
        Delinquency Act of 2016, including training and 
        technical assistance and, when appropriate, pilot or 
        demonstration projects intended to develop and 
        replicate best practices for achieving sight and sound 
        separation in facilities or portions of facilities that 
        are open and available to the general public and that 
        may or may not contain a jail or a lock-up; and
          (4) shall provide technical assistance to States in 
        support of efforts to establish partnerships between a 
        State and a university, institution of higher 
        education, or research center designed to improve the 
        recruitment, selection, training, and retention of 
        professional personnel in the fields of medicine, law 
        enforcement, the judiciary, juvenile justice, social 
        work and child protection, education, and other 
        relevant fields who are engaged in, or intend to work 
        in, the field of prevention, identification, and 
        treatment of delinquency.
  (c) Training and Technical Assistance to Mental Health 
Professionals and Law Enforcement Personnel.--The Administrator 
shall provide training and technical assistance to mental 
health professionals and law enforcement personnel (including 
public defenders, prosecutors, police officers, probation 
officers, judges, parole officials, and correctional officers) 
to address or to promote the development, testing, or 
demonstration of promising or innovative models (including 
model juvenile and family courts), programs, or delivery 
systems that address the needs of status offenders and 
juveniles who are alleged or adjudicated delinquent and who, as 
a result of such status, are placed in secure detention or 
confinement or in nonsecure residential placements.
  (d) Best Practices Regarding Legal Representation of 
Children.--In consultation with experts in the field of 
juvenile defense, the Administrator shall--
          (1) share best practices, which may include sharing 
        standards of practice developed by recognized entities 
        in the profession, for attorneys representing children; 
        and
          (2) provide a State, if it so requests, technical 
        assistance to implement any of the best practices 
        shared under paragraph (1).
  (e) Training and Technical Assistance for Local and State 
Juvenile Detention and Corrections Personnel.--The 
Administrator shall coordinate training and technical 
assistance programs with juvenile detention and corrections 
personnel of States and units of local government--
          (1) to promote methods for improving conditions of 
        juvenile confinement, including methods that are 
        designed to minimize the use of dangerous practices, 
        unreasonable restraints, and isolation and methods 
        responsive to cultural differences; and
          (2) to encourage alternative behavior management 
        techniques based on positive youth development 
        approaches, which may include policies and procedures 
        to train personnel to be culturally competent.
  (f) Training and Technical Assistance to Support Mental 
Health or Substance Abuse Treatment Including Home-based or 
Community-Based Care.--The Administrator shall provide training 
and technical assistance, in conjunction with the appropriate 
public agencies, to individuals involved in making decisions 
regarding the disposition and management of cases for youth who 
enter the juvenile justice system about the appropriate 
services and placement for youth with mental health or 
substance abuse needs, including--
          (1) juvenile justice intake personnel;
          (2) probation officers;
          (3) juvenile court judges and court services 
        personnel;
          (4) prosecutors and court-appointed counsel; and
          (5) family members of juveniles and family advocates.
  (g) Training and Technical Assistance to Support Juvenile 
Court Judges and Personnel.--The Attorney General, acting 
through the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency 
Prevention and the Office of Justice Programs, shall provide 
training and technical assistance, in conjunction with the 
appropriate public agencies, to enhance the capacity of State 
and local courts, judges, and related judicial personnel to--
          (1) improve the lives of children currently involved 
        in or at risk of being involved in the juvenile court 
        system; and
          (2) carry out the requirements of this Act.
  (h) Free and Reduced Price School Lunches for Incarcerated 
Juveniles.--The Attorney General, in consultation with the 
Secretary of Agriculture, shall provide guidance to States 
relating to existing options for school food authorities in the 
States to apply for reimbursement for free or reduced price 
lunches under the Richard B. Russell National School Lunch Act 
(42 U.S.C. 1751 et seq.) for juveniles who are incarcerated and 
would, if not incarcerated, be eligible for free or reduced 
price lunches under that Act.

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *


             Part F--General and Administrative Provisions

                    authorization of appropriations

  Sec. 299. (a) Authorization of Appropriations for Title II 
[(Excluding Parts C and E)].--[(1) There are authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this title such sums as may be 
appropriate for fiscal years 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, and 2007.] 
(1) There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this 
title--
          (A) $76,125,000 for fiscal year 2018;
          (B) $76,125,000 for fiscal year 2019;
          (C) $77,266,875 for fiscal year 2020;
          (D) $78,425,878 for fiscal year 2021; and
          (E) $79,602,266 for fiscal year 2022. 
  (2) Of such sums as are appropriated for a fiscal year to 
carry out this title [(other than parts C and E)]--
          (A) not more than 5 percent shall be available to 
        carry out part A;
          (B) not less than 80 percent shall be available to 
        carry out part B; and
          (C) not more than 15 percent shall be available to 
        carry out [part D] parts D and E.
  [(b) Authorization of Appropriations for Part C.--There are 
authorized to be appropriated to carry out part C such sums as 
may be necessary for fiscal years 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, and 
2007.
  [(c) Authorization of Appropriations for Part E.--There are 
authorized to be appropriated to carry out part E, and 
authorized to remain available until expended, such sums as may 
be necessary for fiscal years 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, and 
2007.]
  [(d)] (b) No funds appropriated to carry out the purposes of 
this title may be used for any bio-medical or behavior control 
experimentation on individuals or any research involving such 
experimentation. For the purpose of this subsection, the term 
``behavior control'' refers to experimentation or research 
employing methods which involve a substantial risk of physical 
or psychological harm to the individual subject and which are 
intended to modify or alter criminal and other anti-social 
behavior, including aversive conditioning therapy, drug therapy 
or chemotherapy (except as part of routine clinical care), 
physical therapy of mental disorders, electroconvulsive 
therapy, or physical punishment. The term does not apply to a 
limited class of programs generally recognized as involving no 
such risk, including methadone maintenance and certain alcohol 
treatment programs, psychological counseling, parent training, 
behavior contracting, survival skills training, restitution, or 
community service, if safeguards are established for the 
informed consent of subjects (including parents or guardians of 
minors).

                        administrative authority

  Sec. 299A. (a) The Office shall be administered by the 
Administrator under the general authority of the Attorney 
General.
  (b) Sections 809(c), 811(a), 811(b), 811(c), 812(a), 812(b), 
and 812(d) of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 
1968, as so designated by the operation of the amendments made 
by the Justice Assistance Act of 1984, shall apply with respect 
to the administration of and compliance with this Act, except 
that for purposes of this Act--
          (1) any reference to the Office of Justice Programs 
        in such sections shall be deemed to be a reference to 
        the Assistant Attorney General who heads the Office of 
        Justice Programs; and
          (2) the term ``this title'' as it appears in such 
        sections shall be deemed to be a reference to this Act.
  (c) Sections 801(a), 801(c), and 806 of the Omnibus Crime 
Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968, as so designated by the 
operation of the amendments made by the Justice Assistance Act 
of 1984, shall apply with respect to the administration of and 
compliance with this Act, except that for purposes of this 
Act--
          (1) any reference to the Attorney General, the 
        Assistant Attorney General who heads the Office of 
        Justice Programs, the Director of the National 
        Institute of Justice, the Director of the Bureau of 
        Justice Statistics, or the Director of the Bureau of 
        Justice Assistance shall be deemed to be a reference to 
        the Administrator;
          (2) any reference to the Office of Justice Programs, 
        the Bureau of Justice Assistance, the National 
        Institute of Justice, or the Bureau of Justice 
        Statistics shall be deemed to be a reference to the 
        Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention; 
        and
          (3) the term ``this title'' as it appears in such 
        sections shall be deemed to be a reference to this Act.
  (d) (1) The Administrator is authorized[, after appropriate 
consultation with representatives of States and units of local 
government,] to establish such rules, regulations, guidance, 
and procedures as are necessary for the exercise of the 
functions of the Office and only to the extent necessary to 
ensure that there is compliance with the specific requirements 
of this title or to respond to requests for clarification and 
guidance relating to such compliance. In developing guidance 
and procedures, the Administrator shall consult with 
representatives of States and units of local government, 
including those individuals responsible for administration of 
this Act and compliance with the core requirements.
  (2) The Administrator shall ensure that--
          (A) reporting, compliance reporting, State plan 
        requirements, and other similar documentation as may be 
        required from States is requested in a manner that 
        respects confidentiality, encourages efficiency and 
        reduces the duplication of reporting efforts; and
          (B) States meeting all the core requirements are 
        encouraged to experiment with offering innovative, 
        data-driven programs designed to further improve the 
        juvenile justice system.
  (e) If a State requires by law compliance with the 
[requirements described in paragraphs (11), (12), and (13) of 
section 223(a)] core requirements, then for the period such law 
is in effect in such State such State shall be rebuttably 
presumed to satisfy such requirements.

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *


TITLE IV--MISSING CHILDREN

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *


SEC. 407. OVERSIGHT AND ACCOUNTABILITY.

  All grants awarded by the Department of Justice that are 
authorized under this title shall be subject to the following:
          (1) Audit requirement.--For 2 of the fiscal years in 
        the period of fiscal years 2014 through 2018, the 
        Inspector General of the Department of Justice shall 
        conduct audits of the recipient of grants under this 
        title to prevent waste, fraud, and abuse by the 
        grantee.
          (2) Mandatory exclusion.--If the recipient of grant 
        funds under this title is found to have an unresolved 
        audit finding, then that entity shall not be eligible 
        to receive grant funds under this title during the 2 
        fiscal years beginning after the 12-month period 
        described in paragraph (4).
          (3) Repayment of grant funds.--If an entity is 
        awarded grant funds under this title during the 2-
        fiscal-year period in which the entity is barred from 
        receiving grants under paragraph (2), the Attorney 
        General shall--
                  (A) deposit an amount equal to the grant 
                funds that were improperly awarded to the 
                grantee into the General Fund of the Treasury; 
                and
                  (B) seek to recoup the costs of the repayment 
                to the fund from the grant recipient that was 
                erroneously awarded grant funds.
          (4) Defined term.--In this section, the term 
        ``unresolved audit finding'' means an audit report 
        finding in the final report of the Inspector General of 
        the Department of Justice that the grantee has utilized 
        grant funds for an unauthorized expenditure or 
        otherwise unallowable cost that is not closed or 
        resolved within a 12-month period beginning on the date 
        when the final audit report is issued.
          (5) Nonprofit organization requirements.--
                  (A) Definition.--For purposes of this section 
                and the grant programs described in this title, 
                the term ``nonprofit'', relating to an entity, 
                means the entity is described in section 
                501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 
                and is exempt from taxation under section 
                501(a) of such Code.
                  (B) Prohibition.--The Attorney General shall 
                not award a grant under any grant program 
                described in this title to a nonprofit 
                organization that holds money in off-shore 
                accounts for the purpose of avoiding paying the 
                tax described in section 511(a) of the Internal 
                Revenue Code of 1986.
                  (C) Disclosure.--Each nonprofit organization 
                that is awarded a grant under this title and 
                uses the procedures prescribed in regulations 
                under section 53.4958-6 of title 26 of the Code 
                of Federal Regulations to create a rebuttable 
                presumption of reasonableness of the 
                compensation for its officers, directors, 
                trustees and key employees, shall disclose to 
                the Attorney General the process for 
                determining such compensation, including the 
                independent persons involved in reviewing and 
                approving such compensation, the comparability 
                data used, and contemporaneous substantiation 
                of the deliberation and decision. Upon request, 
                the Attorney General shall make the information 
                available for public inspection.
          [(6) Conference expenditures.--
                  [(A) Limitation.--No amounts authorized to be 
                appropriated under this title may be used to 
                host or support any expenditure for conferences 
                that uses more than $20,000 unless the Deputy 
                Attorney General or the appropriate Assistant 
                Attorney General, Director, or principal deputy 
                director as the Deputy Attorney General may 
                designate, provides prior written authorization 
                that the funds may be expended to host a 
                conference.
                  [(B) Written approval.--Written approval 
                under subparagraph (A) shall include a written 
                estimate of all costs associated with the 
                conference, including the cost of all food and 
                beverages, audio/visual equipment, honoraria 
                for speakers, and any entertainment.
                  [(C) Report.--The Deputy Attorney General 
                shall submit an annual report to the Committee 
                on the Judiciary of the Senate, the Committee 
                on the Judiciary of the House of 
                Representatives, and the Committee on Education 
                and the Workforce of the House of 
                Representatives on all conference expenditures 
                approved by operation of this paragraph.
          [(7) Prohibition on lobbying activity.--
                  [(A) In general.--Amounts authorized to be 
                appropriated under this title may not be 
                utilized by any grant recipient to--
                          [(i) lobby any representative of the 
                        Department of Justice regarding the 
                        award of any grant funding; or
                          [(ii) lobby any representative of a 
                        Federal, State, local, or tribal 
                        government regarding the award of grant 
                        funding.
                  [(B) Penalty.--If the Attorney General 
                determines that any recipient of a grant under 
                this title has violated subparagraph (A), the 
                Attorney General shall--
                          [(i) require the grant recipient to 
                        repay the grant in full; and
                          [(ii) prohibit the grant recipient 
                        from receiving another grant under this 
                        title for not less than 5 years.
                  [(C) Clarification.--For purposes of this 
                paragraph, submitting an application for a 
                grant under this title shall not be considered 
                lobbying activity in violation of subparagraph 
                (A).]

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *

          

           [TITLE V--MISCELLANEOUS AND CONFORMING AMENDMENTS


      [Part A--Amendments to the Federal Juvenile Delinquency Act

    [Sec. 501. Section 5031 of title 18, United States Code, is 
amended to read as follows:

[``Sec. 5031. Definitions

    [``For the purposes of this chapter, a `juvenile' is a 
person who has not attained his eighteenth birthday, or for the 
purpose of proceedings and disposition under this chapter for 
an alleged act of juvenile delinquency, a person who has not 
attained his twenty-first birthday, and `juvenile delinquency' 
is the violation of a law of the United States committed by a 
person prior to his eighteenth birthday which would have been a 
crime if committed by an adult.''

              [DELINQUENCY PROCEEDINGS IN DISTRICT COURTS

    [Sec. 502. Section 5032 of title 18, United States Code, is 
amended to read as follows:

[``Sec. 5032. Delinquency proceedings in district courts; transfer for 
                    criminal prosecution

    [``A juvenile alleged to have committed an act of juvenile 
delinquency shall not be proceeded against in any court of the 
United States unless the Attorney General, after investigation, 
certifies to an appropriate district court of the United States 
that the juvenile court or other appropriate court of a State 
(1) does not have jurisdiction or refuses to assume 
jurisdiction over said juvenile with respect to such alleged 
act of juvenile delinquency, or (2) does not have available 
programs and services adequate for the needs of juveniles.
    [``If the Attorney General does not so certify, such 
juvenile shall be surrendered to the appropriate legal 
authorities of such State.
    [``If an alleged juvenile delinquent is not surrendered to 
the authorities of a State or the District of Columbia pursuant 
to this section, any proceedings against him shall be in an 
appropriate district court of the United States. For such 
purposes, the court may be convened at any time and place 
within the district, in chambers or otherwise. The Attorney 
General shall proceed by information, and no criminal 
prosecution shall be instituted for the alleged act of juvenile 
delinquency except as provided below.
    [``A juvenile who is alleged to have committed an act of 
juvenile delinquency and who is not surrendered to State 
authorities shall be proceeded against under this chapter 
unless he has requested in writing upon advice of counsel to be 
proceeded against as an adult, except that, with respect to a 
juvenile sixteen years and older alleged to have committed an 
act after his sixteenth birthday which if committed by an adult 
would be a felony punishable by a maximum penalty of ten years 
imprisonment or more, life imprisonment, or death, criminal 
prosecution on the basis of the alleged act may be begun by 
motion to transfer of the Attorney General in the appropriate 
district court of the United States, if such court finds, after 
hearing, such transfer would be in the interest of justice.
    [``Evidence of the following factors shall be considered, 
and findings with regard to each factor shall be made in the 
record, in assessing whether a transfer would be in the 
interest of justice: the age and social background of the 
juvenile; the nature of the alleged offense; the extent and 
nature of the juvenile's prior delinquency record; the 
juvenile's present intellectual development and psychological 
maturity; the nature of past treatment efforts and the 
juvenile's response to such efforts; the availability of 
programs designed to treat the juvenile's behavioral problems.
    [``Reasonable notice of the transfer hearing shall be given 
to the juvenile, his parents, guardian, or custodian and to his 
counsel. The juvenile shall be assisted by counsel during the 
transfer hearing, and at every other critical stage of the 
proceedings.
    [``Once a juvenile has entered a plea of guilty or the 
proceeding has reached the stage that evidence has begun to be 
taken with respect to a crime or an alleged act of juvenile 
delinquency subsequent criminal prosecution or juvenile 
proceedings based upon such alleged act of delinquency shall be 
barred.
    [``Statements made by a juvenile prior to or during a 
transfer hearing under this section shall not be admissible at 
subsequent criminal prosecutions.''

                                [CUSTODY

    [Sec. 503. Section 5083 of title 18, United States Code is 
amended to read as follows:

[``Sec. 5033. Custody prior to appearance before magistrate

    [``Whenever a juvenile is taken into custody for an alleged 
act of juvenile delinquency, the arresting officer shall 
immediately advise such juvenile of his legal rights, in 
language comprehensive to a juvenile, and shall immediately 
notify the Attorney General and the juvenile's parents, 
guardian, or custodian of such custody. The arresting officer 
shall also notify the parents, guardian, or custodian of the 
rights of the juvenile and of the nature of the alleged 
offense.
    [``The juvenile shall be taken before a magistrate 
forthwith. In no event shall the juvenile be detained for 
longer than a reasonable period of time before being brought 
before a magistrate.''

                         [DUTIES OF MAGISTRATE

    [Sec. 504. Section 5034 of title 18, United States Code, is 
amended to read as follows:

[``Sec. 5034. Duties of magistrate

    [``The magistrate shall insure that the juvenile is 
represented by counsel before proceeding with critical stages 
of the proceedings. Counsel shall be assigned to represent a 
juvenile when the juvenile and his parents, guardian, or 
custodian are financially unable to obtain adequate 
representation. In cases where the juvenile and his parents, 
guardian, or custodian are financially able to obtain adequate 
representation but have not retained counsel, the magistrate 
may assign counsel and order the payment of reasonable 
attorney's fees or may direct the juvenile, his parents, 
guardian, or custodian to retain private counsel within a 
specified period of time.
    [``The magistrate may appoint a guardian ad litem if a 
parent or guardian of the juvenile is not present, or if the 
magistrate has reason to believe that the parents or guardian 
will not cooperate with the juvenile in preparing for trial, or 
that the interests of the parents or guardian and those of the 
juvenile are adverse.
    [``If the juvenile has not been discharged before his 
initial appearance before the magistrate, the magistrate shall 
release the juvenile to his parents, guardian, custodian, or 
other responsible party (including, but not limited to, the 
director of a shelter-care facility upon their promise to bring 
such juvenile before the appropriate court when requested by 
such court unless the magistrate determines, after hearing, at 
which the juvenile is represented by counsel, that the 
detention of such juvenile is required to secure his timely 
appearance before the appropriate court or to insure his safety 
or that of others.''

                               [DETENTION

    [Sec. 505. Section 5035 of this title is amended to read as 
follows:

[``Sec. 5035. Detention prior to disposition

    [``A juvenile alleged to be delinquent may be detained only 
in a juvenile facility or such other suitable place as the 
Attorney General may designate. Whenever possible, detention 
shall be in a foster home or community based facility located 
in or near his home community. The Attorney General shall not 
cause any juvenile alleged to be delinquent to be detained or 
confined in any institution in which the juvenile has regular 
contact with adult persons convicted of a crime or awaiting 
trial on criminal charges. Insofar as possible, alleged 
delinquents shall be kept separate from adjudicated 
delinquents. Every juvenile in custody shall be provided with 
adequate food, heat, light, sanitary facilities, bedding, 
clothing, recreation, education, and medical care, including 
necessary psychiatric, psychological, or other care and 
treatment.''

                             [SPEEDY TRIAL

    [Sec. 506. Section 5036 of this title is amended to read as 
follows:

[``Sec. 5036. Speedy trial

    [``If an alleged delinquent who is in detention pending 
trial is not brought to trial within thirty days from the date 
upon which such detention was begun, the information shall be 
dismissed on motion of the alleged delinquent or at the 
direction of the court, unless the Attorney General shows that 
additional delay was caused by the juvenile or his counsel, or 
consented to by the juvenile and his counsel, or would be in 
the interest of justice in the particular case. Delays 
attributable solely to court calendar congestion may not be 
considered in the interest of justice. Except in extraordinary 
circumstance, an information dismissed under this section may 
not be reinstituted.''

                              [DISPOSITION

    [Sec. 507. Section 5037 is amended to read as follows:

[``Sec. 5037. Dispositional hearing

    [``(a) If a juvenile is adjudicated delinquent, a separate 
dispositional hearing shall be held no later than twenty court 
days after trial unless the court has ordered further study in 
accordance with subsection (c). Copies of the presentence 
report shall be provided to the attorneys for both the juvenile 
and the Government a reasonable time in advance of the hearing.
    [``(b) The court may suspend the adjudication of 
delinquency or the disposition of the delinquent on such 
conditions as it deems proper, place him on probation, or 
commit him to the custody of the Attorney General. Probation, 
commitment, or commitment in accordance with subsection (c) 
shall not extend beyond the juvenile's twenty-first birthday or 
the maximum term which could have been imposed on an adult 
convicted of the same offense, whichever is sooner, unless the 
juvenile has attained his nineteenth birthday at the time of 
disposition, in which case probation, commitment, or commitment 
in accordance with subsection (c) shall not exceed the lesser 
of two years or the maximum term which could have been imposed 
on an adult convicted of the same offense.
    [``(c) If the court desires more detailed information 
concerning an alleged or adjudicated delinquent, it may commit 
him, after notice and hearing at which the juvenile is 
represented by counsel, to the custody of the Attorney General 
for observation and study by an appropriate agency. Such 
observation and study shall be conducted on an outpatient 
basis, unless the court determines that inpatient observation 
and study are necessary to obtain the desired information. In 
the case of an alleged juvenile delinquent, inpatient study may 
be ordered only with the consent of the juvenile and his 
attorney. The agency shall make a complete study of the alleged 
or adjudicated delinquent to ascertain his personal traits, his 
capabilities, his background, any previous delinquency or 
criminal experience, any mental or physical defect, and any 
other relevant factors. The Attorney General shall submit to 
the court and the attorneys for the juvenile and the Government 
the results of the study within thirty days after the 
commitment of the juvenile, unless the court grants additional 
time.''

                           [JUVENILE RECORDS

    [Sec. 508. Section 5038 is added, to read as follows:

[``Sec. 5038. Use of juvenile records

    [``(a) Throughout the juvenile delinquency proceeding the 
court shall safeguard the records from disclosure. Upon the 
completion of any juvenile delinquency proceeding whether or 
not there is an adjudication the district court shall order the 
entire file and record of such proceeding sealed. After such 
sealing, the court shall not release these records except to 
the extent necessary to meet the following circumstances:
          [``(1) inquiries received from another court of law;
          [``(2) inquiries from an agency preparing a 
        presentence report for another court;
          [``(3) inquiries from law enforcement agencies where 
        the request for information is related to the 
        investigation of a crime or a position within that 
        agency;
          [``(4) inquiries, in writing, from the director of a 
        treatment agency or the director of a facility to which 
        the juvenile has been committed by the court; and
          [``(5) inquiries from an agency considering the 
        person for a position immediately and directly 
        affecting the national security.
Unless otherwise authorized by this section, information about 
the sealed record may not be released when the request for 
information is related to an application for employment, 
license, bonding, or any civil right or privilege. Responses to 
such inquiries shall not be different from responses made about 
persons who have never been involved in a delinquency 
proceeding.
    [``(b) District courts exercising jurisdiction over any 
juvenile shall inform the juvenile, and his parent or guardian, 
in writing in clear and nontechnical language, of rights 
relating to the sealing of his juvenile record.
    [``(c) During the course of any juvenile delinquency 
proceeding, all information and records relating to the 
proceeding, which are obtained or prepared in the discharge of 
an official duty by an employee of the court or an employee of 
any other governmental agency, shall not be disclosed directly 
or indirectly to anyone other than the judge, counsel for the 
juvenile and the government, or others entitled under this 
section to receive sealed records.
    [``(d) Unless a juvenile who is taken into custody is 
prosecuted as an adult--
          [``(1) neither the fingerprints nor a photograph 
        shall be taken without the written consent of the 
        judge; and
          [``(2) neither the name nor picture of any juvenile 
        shall be made public by any medium of public 
        information in connection with a juvenile delinquency 
        proceeding.''

                              [COMMITMENT

    [Sec. 509. Section 5039 is added, to read as follows:

[``Sec. 5039. Commitment

    [``No juvenile committed to the custody of the Attorney 
General may be placed or retained in an adult jail or 
correctional institution in which he has regular contact with 
adults incarcerated because they have been convicted of a crime 
or are awaiting trial on criminal charges.
    [``Every juvenile who has been committed shall be provided 
with adequate food, heat, light, sanitary facilities, bedding, 
clothing, recreation, counseling, education, training, and 
medical care including necessary psychiatric, psychological, or 
other care and treatment.
    [``Whenever possible, the Attorney General shall commit a 
juvenile to a foster home or community-based facility located 
in or near his home community.''

                                [SUPPORT

    [Sec. 510. Section 5040 is added, to read as follows.

[``Sec. 5040. Support

    [``The Attorney General may contract with any public or 
private agency or individual and such community-based 
facilities as halfway houses and foster homes for the 
observation and study and the custody and care of juveniles in 
his custody. For these purposes, the Attorney General may 
promulgate such regulations as are necessary and may use the 
appropriation for `support of United States prisoners' or such 
other appropriations as he may designate.''

                                [PAROLE

    [Sec. 511. Section 5041 is added to read as follows:

[Sec. 5041. Parole

    [``The Board of Parole shall release from custody, on such 
conditions as it deems necessary, each juvenile delinquent who 
has been committed, as soon as the Board is satisfied that he 
is likely to remain at liberty without violating the law and 
when such release would be in the interest of justice.''

                              [REVOCATION

    [Sec. 512. Section 5042 is added to read as follows.

[``Sec. 5042. Revocation of parole or probation

    [``Any juvenile parolee or probationer shall be accorded 
notice and a hearing with counsel before his parole or 
probation can be revoked.''
    [Sec. 513. The table of sections of chapter 403 of this 
title is amended to read as follows:
    [``Sec.
    [``5031.  Definitions.
    [``5032.  Delinquency proceedings in district courts; transfer for 
              criminal prosecution.
    [``5033.  Custody prior to appearance before magistrate.
    [``5034.  Duties of magistrate.
    [``5035.  Detention prior to disposition.
    [``5036.  Speedy trial.
    [``5037.  Dispositional hearing.
    [``5038.  Use of juvenile records.
    [``5039.  Commitment.
    [``5040.  Support.
    [``5041.  Parole.
    [``5042.  Revocation of parole or probation.''.

               [Part B--National Institute of Corrections

    [Sec. 521. Title 18, United States Code, is amended by 
adding a new chapter 319 to read as follows:

           [``CHAPTER 319.--NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CORRECTIONS

    [``Sec. 4351. (a) There is hereby established within the 
Bureau of Prisons a National Institute of Corrections.
    [``(b) The overall policy and operations of the National 
Institute of Corrections shall be under the supervision of an 
Advisory Board. The Board shall consist of sixteen members. The 
following six individuals shall serve as members of the 
Commission ex officio: the Director of the Federal Bureau of 
Prisons or his designee, the Administrator of the Law 
Enforcement Assistance Administration or his designee, Chairman 
of the United States Parole Board or his designee, the Director 
of the Federal Judicial Center or his designee, the Deputy 
Assistant Administrator for the National Institute for Juvenile 
Justice and Delinquency Prevention or his designee, and the 
Assistant Secretary for Human Development of the Department of 
Health, Education, and Welfare or his designee.
    [``(c) The remaining ten members of the Board shall be 
selected as follows:
        [``(1) Five shall be appointed initially by the 
        Attorney General of the United States for staggered 
        terms; one member shall serve for one year, one member 
        for two years, and three members for three years. Upon 
        the expiration of each member's term, the Attorney 
        General shall appoint successors who will each serve 
        for a term of three years. Each member selected shall 
        be qualified as a practitioner (Federal, State, or 
        local) in the field of corrections, probation, or 
        parole.
        [``(2) Five shall be appointed initially by the 
        Attorney General of the United States for staggered 
        terms, one member shall serve for one year, three 
        members for two years, and one member for three 
        years.'' Upon the expiration of each member's term the 
        Attorney General shall appoint successors who will each 
        serve for a term of three years. Each member selected 
        shall be from the private sector, such as business, 
        labor, and education, having demonstrated an active 
        interest in corrections, probation, or parole.
    [``(d) The members of the Board shall not, by reason of 
such membership, be deemed officers or employees of the United 
States. Members of the Commission who are full-time officers or 
employees of the United States shall serve without additional 
compensation, but shall be reimbersed for travel, subsistence, 
and other necessary expenses incurred in the performance of the 
duties vested in the Board. Other members of the Board shall, 
while attending meetings of the Board or while engaged in 
duties related to such meetings or in other activities of the 
Commission pursuant to this title, be entitled to receive 
compensation at the rate not to exceed the daily equivalent of 
the rate authorized for GS-18 by section 5332 of title 5, 
United States Code, including travel-time, and while away from 
their homes or regular places of business may be allowed travel 
expenses, including per diem in lieu of subsistence equal to 
that authorized by section 5703 of title 5, United States Code, 
for persons in the Government service employed intermittently.
    [``(e) The Board shall elect a chairman from among its 
members who shall serve for a term of one year. The members of 
the Board shall also elect one or more members as a vice-
chairman.
    [``(f) The Board is authorized to appoint, without regard 
to the civil service laws, technical, or other advisory 
committees to advise the Institute with respect to the 
administration of this title as it deems appropriate. Members 
of these committees not otherwise employed by the United 
States, while engaged in advising the Institute or attending 
meetings of the committees, shall be entitled to receive 
compensation at the rate fixed by the Board but not to exceed 
the daily equivalent of the rate authorized for GS-18 by 
section 5332 of title 5, United States Code, and while away 
from their homes or regular places of business may be allowed 
travel expenses, including per diem in lieu of subsistence 
equal to that authorized by section 5703 of title 5, United 
States Code, for persons in the Government service employed 
intermittently.
    [``(g) The Board is authorized to delegate its powers under 
this title to such persons as it deems appropriate.
    [``(h) The Institute shall be under the supervision of an 
officer to be known as the Director, who shall be appointed by 
the Attorney General after consultation with the Board. The 
Director shall have authority to supervise the organization, 
employees, enrollees, financial affairs, and all other 
operations of the Institute and may employ such staff, faculty, 
and administrative personnel, subject to the civil service and 
classification laws, as are necessary to the functioning of the 
Institute. The Director shall have the power to acquire and 
hold real and personal property for the Institute and may 
receive gifts, donations, and trusts on behalf of the 
Institute. The Director shall also have the power to appoint 
such technical or other advisory councils comprised of 
consultants to guide and advise the Board. The Director is 
authorized to delegate his powers under this title to such 
persons as he deems appropriate.
    [``Sec. 4352. (a) In addition to the other powers, express 
and implied, the National Institute of Corrections shall have 
authority--
          [``(1) to receive from or make grants to and enter 
        into contracts with Federal, State, and general units 
        of local government, public and private agencies, 
        educational institutions, organizations, and 
        individuals to carry out the purposes of this chapter;
          [``(2) to serve as a clearinghouse and information 
        center for the collection, preparation, and 
        dissemination of information on corrections, including, 
        but not limited to, programs for prevention of crime 
        and recidivism, training of corrections personnel, and 
        rehabilitation and treatment of criminal and juvenile 
        offenders;
          [``(3) to assist and serve in a consulting capacity 
        to Federal, State, and local courts, departments, and 
        agencies in the development, maintenance, and 
        coordination of programs, facilities, and services, 
        training, treatment, and rehabilitation with respect to 
        criminal and juvenile offenders;
          [``(4) to encourage and assist Federal, State, and 
        local government programs and services, and programs 
        and services of other public and private agencies, 
        institutions, and organizations in their efforts to 
        develop and implement improved corrections programs;
          [``(5) to devise and conduct, in various geographical 
        locations, seminars, workshops, and training programs 
        for law enforcement officers, judges, and judicial 
        personnel, probation and parole personnel, correctional 
        personnel, welfare workers, and other persons, 
        including lay ex-offenders, and paraprofessional 
        personnel, connected with the treatment and 
        rehabilitation of criminal and juvenile offenders;
          [``(6) to develop technical training teams to aid in 
        the development of seminars, workshops, and training 
        programs within the several States and with the State 
        and local agencies which work with prisoners, parolees, 
        probationers, and other offenders;
          [``(7) to conduct, encourage, and coordinate research 
        relating to corrections, including the causes, 
        prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of criminal 
        offenders;
          [``(8) to formulate and disseminate correctional 
        policy, goals, standards, and recommendations for 
        Federal, State, and local correctional agencies, 
        organizations, institutions, and personnel;
          [``(9) to conduct evaluation programs which study the 
        effectiveness of new approaches, techniques, systems, 
        programs, and devices employed to improve the 
        corrections system;
          [``(10) to receive from any Federal department or 
        agency such statistics, data, program reports, and 
        other material as the Institute deems necessary to 
        carry out its functions. Each such department or agency 
        is authorized to cooperate with the Institute and 
        shall, to the maximum extent practicable, consult with 
        and furnish information to the Institute;
          [``(11) to arrange with and reimburse the heads of 
        Federal departments and agencies for the use of 
        personnel, facilities, or equipment of such departments 
        and agencies;
          [``(12) to confer with and avail itself of the 
        assistance, services, records, and facilities of State 
        and local governments or other public or private 
        agencies, organizations, or individuals;
          [``(13) to enter into contracts with public or 
        private agencies, organizations, or individuals, for 
        the performance of any of the functions of the 
        Institute; and
          [``(14) to procure the services of experts and 
        consultants in accordance with section 3109 of title 5 
        of the United States Code, at rates of compensation not 
        to exceed the daily equivalent of the rate authorized 
        for GS-18 by section 5332 of title 5 of the United 
        States Code.
    [``(b) The Institute shall on or before the 31st day of 
December of each year submit an annual report for the preceding 
fiscal year to the President and to the Congress. The report 
shall include a comprehensive and detailed report of the 
Institute's operations, activities, financial condition, and 
accomplishments under this title and may include such 
recommendations related to corrections as the Institute deems 
appropriate.
    [``(c) Each recipient of assistance under this shall keep 
such records as the Institute shall prescribe, including 
records which fully disclose the amount and disposition by such 
recipient of the proceeds of such assistance, the total cost of 
the project or undertaking in connection with which such 
assistance is given or used, and the amount of that portion of 
the cost of the project or undertaking supplied by other 
sources, and such other records as will facilitate an effective 
audit.
    [``(d) The Institute, and the Comptroller General of the 
United States, or any of their duly authorized representatives, 
shall have access for purposes of audit and examinations to any 
books, documents, papers, and records of the recipients that 
are pertinent to the grants received under this chapter.
    [``(e) The provision of this section shall apply to all 
recipients of assistance under this title, whether by direct 
grant or contract from the Institute or by subgrant or 
subcontract from primary grantees or contractors of the 
Institute.
    [``Sec. 4353. There is hereby authorized to be appropriated 
such funds as may be required to carry out the purposes of this 
chapter.''

                     [PART C--CONFORMING AMENDMENTS

    [Sec. 541. (a) The section titled ``Declaration and 
Purpose'' in title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe 
Streets Act of 1968, as amended (82 Stat. 197; 84 Stat. 1881; 
87 Stat. 197), is amended by inserting immediately after the 
second paragraph thereof the following new paragraph:
    [``Congress finds further that the high incidence of 
delinquency in the United States today results in enormous 
annual cost and immeasurable loss in human life, personal 
security, and wasted human resources, and that juvenile 
delinquency constitutes a growing threat to the national 
welfare requiring immediate and comprehensive action by the 
Federal Government to reduce and prevent delinquency.''.
    [(b) Such section is further amended by adding at the end 
thereof the following new paragraph:
    [``It is therefore the further declared policy of Congress 
to provide the necessary resources, leadership, and 
coordination to (1) develop and implement effective methods of 
preventing and reducing juvenile delinquency; (2) to develop 
and conduct effective programs to prevent delinquency, to 
divert juveniles from the traditional juvenile justice system 
and to provide critically needed alternatives to 
institutionalization; (3) to improve the quality of juvenile 
justice in the United States; and (4) to increase the capacity 
of State and local governments and public and private agencies 
to conduct effective juvenile justice and delinquency 
prevention and rehabilitation programs and to provide research, 
evaluation, and training services in the field of juvenile 
justice and delinquency prevention.''.
    [Sec. 542. The third sentence of section 203(a) of title I 
of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 as 
amended (82 Stat. 197; 84 Stat. 1881; 87 Stat. 197), is amended 
to read as follows: ``The State planning agency and any 
regional planning units within the State shall, within their 
respective jurisdictions, be representative of the law 
enforcement and criminal justice agencies including agencies 
directly related to the prevention and control of juvenile 
delinquency, units of general local government, and public 
agencies maintaining programs to reduce and control crime, and 
shall include representatives of citizens, professional, and 
community organizations including organizations directly 
related to delinquency prevention.''.
    [Sec. 543. Section 303(a) of title I of the Omnibus Crime 
Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 is amended by adding after 
the first sentence the following: ``In order to receive formula 
grants under the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention 
Act of 1974 a State shall submit a plan for carrying out the 
purposes of that Act in accordance with this section and 
section 223 of that Act.''.
    [Sec. 544. Section 520 of title I of the Omnibus Crime 
Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 is amended by (1) 
inserting ``(a)'' after ``Sec. 520.'' and (2) by inserting at 
the end thereof the following:
    [``(b) In addition to the funds appropriated under section 
261(a) of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act 
of 1974, the Administration shall expend from other Law 
Enforcement Assistance Administration appropriations, other 
than the appropriations for administration, at least the same 
level of financial assistance for juvenile delinquency programs 
as was expended by the Administration during fiscal year 
1972.''.
    [Sec. 545. Part F of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control 
and Safe Streets Act of 1968 is amended by adding at the end 
thereof the following new sections:
    [Sec. 526. The Administrator is authorized to accept and 
employ, in carrying out the provisions of this Act, voluntary 
and uncompensated services notwithstanding the provisions of 
section 3679(b) of the Revised Statutes (31 U.S.C. 665(b)).
    [Sec. 527. All programs concerned with juvenile delinquency 
and administered by the Administration shall be administered or 
subject to the policy direction of the office established by 
section 201(a) of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency 
Prevention Act of 1974.
    [Sec. 528. (a) The Administrator is authorized to select, 
employ, and fix the compensation of such officers and 
employees, including attorneys, as are necessary to perform the 
functions vested in him and to prescribe their functions.
    [``(b) Notwithstanding the provisions of section 5108 of 
title 5, United States Code, and without prejudice with respect 
to the number of positions otherwise placed in the 
Administration under such section 5108, the Administrator may 
place three positions in GS-16, GS-17, and GS-18 under section 
5332 of such title 5.'']

  TITLE V--INCENTIVE GRANTS FOR LOCAL DELINQUENCY PREVENTION PROGRAMS

SEC. 501. SHORT TITLE.

  This title may be cited as the `` Incentive Grants for Local 
Delinquency Prevention Programs Act of [2002] 2016''.

[SEC. 502. DEFINITION.

  [In this title, the term ``State advisory group'' means the 
advisory group appointed by the chief executive officer of a 
State under a plan described in section 223(a).]

SEC. 502. DEFINITIONS.

  In this title--
          (1) the term ``eligible entity'' means--
                  (A) a unit of local government that is in 
                compliance with the requirements of part B of 
                title II; or
                  (B) a nonprofit organization in partnership 
                with a unit of local government described in 
                subparagraph (A);
          (2) the term ``local policy board'', when used with 
        respect to an eligible entity, means a policy board 
        that the eligible entity will engage in the development 
        of the eligible entity's plan described in section 
        504(e)(5), and that includes--
                  (A) not fewer than 15 and not more than 21 
                members; and
                  (B) a balanced representation of--
                          (i) public agencies and private 
                        nonprofit organizations serving 
                        juveniles and their families; and
                          (ii) business and industry;
                  (C) at least one representative of the faith 
                community, one adjudicated youth, and one 
                parent of an adjudicated youth; and
                  (D) in the case of an eligible entity 
                described in paragraph (1)(B), a representative 
                of the nonprofit organization of the eligible 
                entity;
          (3) the term ``mentoring'' means matching 1 adult 
        with 1 or more youths for the purpose of providing 
        guidance, support, and encouragement through regularly 
        scheduled meetings for not less than 9 months;
          (4) the term ``juvenile delinquency program'' means a 
        juvenile delinquency program that is evidence-based or 
        promising and that may include--
                  (A) alcohol and substance abuse prevention 
                services;
                  (B) tutoring and remedial education, 
                especially in reading and mathematics;
                  (C) child and adolescent health and mental 
                health services;
                  (D) recreation services;
                  (E) leadership and youth development 
                activities;
                  (F) the teaching that individuals are and 
                should be held accountable for their actions;
                  (G) assistance in the development of job 
                training skills;
                  (H) youth mentoring programs;
                  (I) after-school programs;
                  (J) coordination of a continuum of services, 
                which may include--
                          (i) early childhood development 
                        services;
                          (ii) voluntary home visiting 
                        programs;
                          (iii) nurse-family partnership 
                        programs;
                          (iv) parenting skills training;
                          (v) child abuse prevention programs;
                          (vi) family stabilization programs;
                          (vii) child welfare services;
                          (viii) family violence intervention 
                        programs;
                          (ix) adoption assistance programs;
                          (x) emergency, transitional and 
                        permanent housing assistance;
                          (xi) job placement and retention 
                        training;
                          (xii) summer jobs programs;
                          (xiii) alternative school resources 
                        for youth who have dropped out of 
                        school or demonstrate chronic truancy;
                          (xiv) conflict resolution skill 
                        training;
                          (xv) restorative justice programs;
                          (xvi) mentoring programs;
                          (xvii) targeted gang prevention, 
                        intervention and exit services;
                          (xviii) training and education 
                        programs for pregnant teens and teen 
                        parents; and
                          (xix) pre-release, post-release, and 
                        reentry services to assist detained and 
                        incarcerated youth with transitioning 
                        back into and reentering the community; 
                        and
                  (K) other data-driven evidence-based or 
                promising prevention programs;
          (5) the term ``State advisory group'' means the 
        advisory group appointed by the chief executive officer 
        of a State under a plan described in section 223(a); 
        and
          (6) the term ``State entity'' means the State agency 
        designated under section 223(a)(1) or the entity 
        receiving funds under section 223(d).

SEC. 503. DUTIES AND FUNCTIONS OF THE ADMINISTRATOR.

   The Administrator shall--
          [(1) issue such rules as are necessary or appropriate 
        to carry out this title;]
          [(2)] (1) make such arrangements as are necessary and 
        appropriate to facilitate coordination and policy 
        development among all activities funded through the 
        Department of Justice relating to delinquency 
        prevention (including the preparation of an annual 
        comprehensive plan for facilitating such coordination 
        and policy development);
          [(3)] (2) provide adequate staff and resources 
        necessary to properly carry out this title; and
          [(4)] (3) not later than 180 days after the end of 
        each fiscal year, submit a report to the chairman of 
        the Committee on Education and the Workforce of the 
        House of Representatives and the chairman of the 
        Committee on the Judiciary of the Senate--
                  (A) describing activities and accomplishments 
                of grant activities funded under this title;
                  (B) describing procedures followed to 
                disseminate grant activity products and 
                research findings;
                  (C) describing activities conducted to 
                develop policy and to coordinate Federal agency 
                and interagency efforts related to delinquency 
                prevention; and
                  (D) identifying successful approaches and 
                making recommendations for future activities to 
                be conducted under this title.

[SEC. 504. GRANTS FOR DELINQUENCY PREVENTION PROGRAMS.

  [(a) Purposes.--The Administrator may make grants to a State, 
to be transmitted through the State advisory group to units of 
local government that meet the requirements of subsection (b), 
or to federally recognized Indian tribe or consortia of 
federally recognized Indian tribes under subsection (d), for 
delinquency prevention programs and activities for juveniles 
who have had contact with the juvenile justice system or who 
are likely to have contact with the juvenile justice system, 
including the provision to juveniles and their families of--
          [(1) alcohol and substance abuse prevention services;
          [(2) tutoring and remedial education, especially in 
        reading and mathematics;
          [(3) child and adolescent health and mental health 
        services;
          [(4) recreation services;
          [(5) leadership and youth development activities;
          [(6) the teaching that people are and should be held 
        accountable for their actions;
          [(7) assistance in the development of job training 
        skills; and
          [(8) other data-driven evidence based prevention 
        programs.
  [(b) Eligibility.--The requirements of this subsection are 
met with respect to a unit of general local government if--
          [(1) the unit is in compliance with the requirements 
        of part B of title II;
          [(2) the unit has submitted to the State advisory 
        group a minimum 3-year comprehensive plan outlining the 
        unit's local front end plans for investment for 
        delinquency prevention and early intervention 
        activities;
          [(3) the unit has included in its application to the 
        Administrator for formula grant funds a summary of the 
        minimum 3-year comprehensive plan described in 
        paragraph (2);
          [(4) pursuant to its minimum 3-year comprehensive 
        plan, the unit has appointed a local policy board of 
        not fewer than 15 and not more than 21 members, with 
        balanced representation of public agencies and private 
        nonprofit organizations serving juveniles, their 
        families, and business and industry;
          [(5) the unit has, in order to aid in the prevention 
        of delinquency, included in its application a plan for 
        the coordination of services to at-risk juveniles and 
        their families, including such programs as nutrition, 
        energy assistance, and housing;
          [(6) the local policy board is empowered to make all 
        recommendations for distribution of funds and 
        evaluation of activities funded under this title; and
          [(7) the unit or State has agreed to provide a 50 
        percent match of the amount of the grant, including the 
        value of in-kind contributions, to fund the activity.
  [(c) Priority.--In considering grant applications under this 
section, the Administrator shall give priority to applicants 
that demonstrate ability in--
          [(1) plans for service and agency coordination and 
        collaboration including the colocation of services;
          [(2) innovative ways to involve the private nonprofit 
        and business sector in delinquency prevention 
        activities;
          [(3) developing or enhancing a statewide subsidy 
        program to local governments that is dedicated to early 
        intervention and delinquency prevention;
          [(4) coordinating and collaborating with programs 
        established in local communities for delinquency 
        prevention under part C of this subtitle; and
          [(5) developing data-driven prevention plans, 
        employing evidence-based prevention strategies, and 
        conducting program evaluations to determine impact and 
        effectiveness.
  [(d) Grants for Tribal Delinquency Prevention and Response 
Programs.--
          [(1) In general.--The Administrator shall make grants 
        under this section, on a competitive basis, to eligible 
        Indian tribes or consortia of Indian tribes, as 
        described in paragraph (2)--
                  [(A) to support and enhance--
                          [(i) tribal juvenile delinquency 
                        prevention services; and
                          [(ii) the ability of Indian tribes to 
                        respond to, and care for, juvenile 
                        offenders; and
                  [(B) to encourage accountability of Indian 
                tribal governments with respect to preventing 
                juvenile delinquency and responding to, and 
                caring for, juvenile offenders.
          [(2) Eligible indian tribes.--To be eligible to 
        receive a grant under this subsection, an Indian tribe 
        or consortium of Indian tribes shall submit to the 
        Administrator an application in such form and 
        containing such information as the Administrator may 
        require.
          [(3) Considerations.--In providing grants under this 
        subsection, the Administrator shall take into 
        consideration, with respect to the Indian tribe to be 
        served, the--
                  [(A) juvenile crime rates;
                  [(B) dropout rates; and
                  [(C) number of at-risk youth.
          [(4) Authorization of appropriations.--There is 
        authorized to be appropriated $25,000,000 for each of 
        fiscal years 2011 through 2015.]

SEC. 504. GRANTS FOR LOCAL DELINQUENCY PREVENTION PROGRAMS.

  (a) Purpose.--The purpose of this section is to enable local 
communities to address the unmet needs of youth who are 
involved in, or are at risk of involvement in, juvenile 
delinquency or gang activity, including through a continuum of 
delinquency prevention programs for juveniles who have had 
contact with the juvenile justice system or who are likely to 
have contact with the juvenile justice system.
  (b) Program Authorized.--The Administrator shall--
          (1) for each fiscal year for which less than 
        $25,000,000 is appropriated under section 506, award 
        grants to not fewer than 3 State entities, but not more 
        than 5 State entities, that apply under subsection (c) 
        and meet the requirements of subsection (d); or
          (2) for each fiscal year for which $25,000,000 or 
        more is appropriated under section 506, award grants to 
        not fewer than 5 State entities that apply under 
        subsection (c) and meet the requirements of subsection 
        (d).
  (c) State Application.--To be eligible to receive a grant 
under this section, a State entity shall submit an application 
to the Administrator, which includes the following:
          (1) An assurance the State entity will use--
                  (A) not more than 10 percent of such grant, 
                in the aggregate--
                          (i) for the costs incurred by the 
                        State entity to carry out this section, 
                        except that not more than 3 percent of 
                        such grant may be used for such costs; 
                        and
                          (ii) to provide technical assistance 
                        to eligible entities receiving a 
                        subgrant under subsection (e) in 
                        carrying out juvenile delinquency 
                        programs under the subgrant; and
                  (B) the remainder of such grant to award 
                subgrants to eligible entities under subsection 
                (e).
          (2) An assurance that such grant will supplement, and 
        not supplant, State and local efforts to prevent 
        juvenile delinquency.
          (3) An assurance the State entity will evaluate the 
        capacity of eligible entities receiving a subgrant 
        under subsection (e) to fulfill the requirements under 
        such subsection.
          (4) An assurance that such application was prepared 
        after consultation with, and participation by, the 
        State advisory group, units of local government, 
        community-based organizations, and organizations that 
        carry out programs, projects, or activities to prevent 
        juvenile delinquency in the local juvenile justice 
        system served by the State entity.
  (d)  Approval of State Applications.--In awarding grants 
under this section for a fiscal year, the Administrator may not 
award a grant to a State entity for a fiscal year unless--
          (1)(A) the State that will be served by the State 
        entity submitted a plan under section 223 for such 
        fiscal year; and
          (B) such plan is approved by the Administrator for 
        such fiscal year; or
          (2) after finding good cause for a waiver, the 
        Administrator waives the plan required under 
        subparagraph (A) for such State for such fiscal year.
  (e) Subgrant Program.--
          (1) Program authorized.--
                  (A) In general.--Each State entity receiving 
                a grant under this section shall award 
                subgrants to eligible entities in accordance 
                with this subsection.
                  (B) Priority.--In awarding subgrants under 
                this subsection, the State entity shall give 
                priority to eligible entities that demonstrate 
                ability in--
                          (i) plans for service and agency 
                        coordination and collaboration 
                        including the collocation of services;
                          (ii) innovative ways to involve the 
                        private nonprofit and business sector 
                        in delinquency prevention activities;
                          (iii) developing data-driven 
                        prevention plans, employing evidence-
                        based prevention strategies, and 
                        conducting program evaluations to 
                        determine impact and effectiveness;
                          (iv) identifying under the plan 
                        submitted under paragraph (5) potential 
                        savings and efficiencies associated 
                        with successful implementation of such 
                        plan; and
                          (v) describing how such savings and 
                        efficiencies may be used to carry out 
                        delinquency prevention programs and be 
                        reinvested in the continuing 
                        implementation of such programs after 
                        the end of the subgrant period.
                  (C) Subgrant program period and diversity of 
                projects.--
                          (i) Program period.--A subgrant 
                        awarded to an eligible entity by a 
                        State entity under this section shall 
                        be for a period of not more than 5 
                        years, of which the eligible entity--
                                  (I) may use not more than 18 
                                months for completing the plan 
                                submitted by the eligible 
                                entity under paragraph (5); and
                                  (II) shall use the remainder 
                                of the subgrant period, after 
                                planning period described in 
                                subclause (I), for the 
                                implementation of such plan.
                          (ii) Diversity of projects.--In 
                        awarding subgrants under this 
                        subsection, a State entity shall 
                        ensure, to the extent practicable and 
                        applicable, that such subgrants are 
                        distributed throughout different areas, 
                        including urban, suburban, and rural 
                        areas.
          (2) Local application.--An eligible entity that 
        desires a subgrant under this subsection shall submit 
        an application to the State entity in the State of the 
        eligible entity, at such time and in such manner as 
        determined by the State entity, and that includes--
                  (A) a description of--
                          (i) the local policy board and local 
                        partners the eligible entity will 
                        engage in the development of the plan 
                        described in paragraph (5);
                          (ii) the unmet needs of youth in the 
                        community who are or have been involved 
                        in, or are at risk of being involved in 
                        juvenile delinquency or gang activity;
                          (iii) available resources in the 
                        community to meet the unmet needs 
                        identified in the needs assessment 
                        described in paragraph (5)(A);
                          (iv) potential costs to the community 
                        if the unmet needs are not addressed;
                  (B) a specific time period for the planning 
                and subsequent implementation of its continuum 
                of local delinquency prevention programs;
                  (C) the steps the eligible entity will take 
                to implement the plan under subparagraph (A); 
                and
                  (D) a plan to continue the grant activity 
                with non-Federal funds, if proven successful 
                according to the performance evaluation process 
                under paragraph (5)(D), after the grant period.
          (3) Matching requirement.--An eligible entity 
        desiring a subgrant under this subsection shall agree 
        to provide a 50 percent match of the amount of the 
        subgrant, which may include the value of in-kind 
        contributions.
          (4) Subgrant review.--
                  (A) Review.--Not later than the end of the 
                second year of a subgrant period for a subgrant 
                awarded to an eligible entity under this 
                subsection and before awarding the remaining 
                amount of the subgrant to the eligible entity, 
                the State entity shall--
                          (i) ensure that the eligible entity 
                        has completed the plan submitted under 
                        paragraph (2) and that the plan meets 
                        the requirements of such paragraph; and
                          (ii) verify that the eligible entity 
                        will begin the implementation of its 
                        plan upon receiving the next 
                        installment of its subgrant award.
                  (B) Termination.--If the State entity finds 
                through the review conducted under subparagraph 
                (A) that the eligible entity has not met the 
                requirements of clause (i) of such 
                subparagraph, the State entity shall reallocate 
                the amount remaining on the subgrant of the 
                eligible entity to other eligible entities 
                receiving a subgrant under this subsection or 
                award the amount to an eligible entity during 
                the next subgrant competition under this 
                subsection.
          (5) Local uses of funds.--An eligible entity that 
        receives a subgrant under this subsection shall use the 
        funds to implement a plan to carry out delinquency 
        prevention programs in the community served by the 
        eligible entity in a coordinated manner with other 
        delinquency prevention programs or entities serving 
        such community, which includes--
                  (A) an analysis of the unmet needs of youth 
                in the community who are or have been, or are 
                at risk of being, involved in juvenile 
                delinquency or gang activity--
                          (i) which shall include--
                                  (I) the available resources 
                                in the community to meet the 
                                unmet needs; and
                                  (II) factors present in the 
                                community that may contribute 
                                to delinquency, such as 
                                homelessness, food insecurity, 
                                teen pregnancy, youth 
                                unemployment, family 
                                instability, lack of 
                                educational opportunity; and
                          (ii) may include an estimate--
                                  (I) for the most recent year 
                                for which reliable data is 
                                available, the amount expended 
                                by the community and other 
                                entities for delinquency 
                                adjudication for juveniles and 
                                the incarceration of adult 
                                offenders for offenses 
                                committed in such community; 
                                and
                                  (II) of potential savings and 
                                efficiencies that may be 
                                achieved through the 
                                implementation of the plan;
                  (B) a minimum 3-year comprehensive strategy 
                to address the unmet needs and an estimate of 
                the amount or percentage of non-Federal funds 
                that are available to carry out the strategy;
                  (C) a description of how delinquency 
                prevention programs under the plan will be 
                coordinated;
                  (D) a description of the performance 
                evaluation process of the delinquency 
                prevention programs to be implemented under the 
                plan, which shall include performance measures 
                to assess efforts to address the unmet needs of 
                youth in the community analyzed under 
                subparagraph (A);
                  (E) the evidence or promising evaluation on 
                which such delinquency prevention programs are 
                based; and
                  (F) if such delinquency prevention programs 
                are proven successful according to the 
                performance evaluation process under 
                subparagraph (D), a strategy to continue such 
                programs after the subgrant period with non-
                Federal funds, including a description of how 
                any estimated savings or efficiencies created 
                by the implementation of the plan may be used 
                to continue such programs.

SEC. 505. GRANTS FOR TRIBAL DELINQUENCY PREVENTION AND RESPONSE 
                    PROGRAMS.

  (a) In General.--The Administrator shall make grants under 
this section, on a competitive basis, to eligible Indian tribes 
(or consortia of Indian tribes) as described in subsection 
(b)--
          (1) to support and enhance--
                  (A) tribal juvenile delinquency prevention 
                services; and
                  (B) the ability of Indian tribes to respond 
                to, and care for, juvenile offenders; and
          (2) to encourage accountability of Indian tribal 
        governments with respect to preventing juvenile 
        delinquency, and responding to, and caring for, 
        juvenile offenders.
  (b) Eligible Indian Tribes.--To be eligible to receive a 
grant under this section, an Indian tribe or consortium of 
Indian tribes shall submit to the Administrator an application 
in such form as the Administrator may require.
  (c) Considerations.--In providing grants under this section, 
the Administrator shall take into consideration, with respect 
to the Indian tribe to be served, the--
          (1) juvenile delinquency rates;
          (2) school dropout rates; and
          (3) number of youth at risk of delinquency.
  (d) Availability of Funds.--Of the amount appropriated for a 
fiscal year to carry out this title, 11 percent shall be 
available to carry out this section.

[SEC. 505. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

  [There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this 
title such sums as may be necessary for fiscal years 2004, 
2005, 2006, 2007, and 2008.]

SEC. 506. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

  There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this 
title--
          (1) $91,857,500 for fiscal year 2018;
          (2) $91,857,500 for fiscal year 2019;
          (3) $93,235,362 for fiscal year 2020;
          (4) $94,633,892 for fiscal year 2021; and
          (5) $96,053,401 for fiscal year 2022.

                 TITLE VI--ACCOUNTABILITY AND OVERSIGHT

SEC. 601. ACCOUNTABILITY AND OVERSIGHT.

  (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that, in 
order to ensure that at-risk youth, and youth who come into 
contact with the juvenile justice system or the criminal 
justice system, are treated fairly and that the outcome of that 
contact is beneficial to the Nation--
          (1) the Department of Justice, through its Office of 
        Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, must 
        restore meaningful enforcement of the core requirements 
        in title II; and
          (2) States, which are entrusted with a fiscal 
        stewardship role if they accept funds under title II 
        must exercise vigilant oversight to ensure full 
        compliance with the core requirements for juveniles 
        provided for in title II.
  (b) Accountability.--
          (1) Agency program review.--
                  (A) Programmatic and financial assessment.--
                          (i) In general.--Not later than 60 
                        days after the date of enactment of the 
                        Supporting Youth Opportunity and 
                        Preventing Delinquency Act of 2016, the 
                        Director of the Office of Audit, 
                        Assessment, and Management of the 
                        Office of Justice Programs at the 
                        Department of Justice (referred to in 
                        this section as the ``Director'') 
                        shall--
                                  (I) conduct a comprehensive 
                                analysis and evaluation of the 
                                internal controls of the Office 
                                of Juvenile Justice and 
                                Delinquency Prevention 
                                (referred to in this section as 
                                the ``agency'') to determine if 
                                States and Indian tribes 
                                receiving grants are following 
                                the requirements of the agency 
                                grant programs and what 
                                remedial action the agency has 
                                taken to recover any grant 
                                funds that are expended in 
                                violation of grant programs, 
                                including instances where--
                                          (aa) supporting 
                                        documentation was not 
                                        provided for cost 
                                        reports;
                                          (bb) unauthorized 
                                        expenditures occurred; 
                                        and
                                          (cc) subrecipients of 
                                        grant funds were not in 
                                        compliance with program 
                                        requirements;
                                  (II) conduct a comprehensive 
                                audit and evaluation of a 
                                selected statistically 
                                significant sample of States 
                                and Indian tribes (as 
                                determined by the Director) 
                                that have received Federal 
                                funds under title II, including 
                                a review of internal controls 
                                to prevent fraud, waste, and 
                                abuse of funds by grantees; and
                                  (III) submit a report in 
                                accordance with clause (iv).
                          (ii) Considerations for 
                        evaluations.--In conducting the 
                        analysis and evaluation under clause 
                        (i)(I), and in order to document the 
                        efficiency and public benefit of titles 
                        II and V, the Director shall take into 
                        consideration the extent to which--
                                  (I) greater oversight is 
                                needed of programs developed 
                                with grants made by the agency;
                                  (II) changes are necessary in 
                                the authorizing statutes of the 
                                agency in order that the 
                                functions of the agency can be 
                                performed in a more efficient 
                                and effective manner; and
                                  (III) the agency has 
                                implemented recommendations 
                                issued by the Comptroller 
                                General or Office of Inspector 
                                General relating to the grant 
                                making and grant monitoring 
                                responsibilities of the agency.
                          (iii) Considerations for audits.--In 
                        conducting the audit and evaluation 
                        under clause (i)(II), and in order to 
                        document the efficiency and public 
                        benefit of titles II and V, the 
                        Director shall take into 
                        consideration--
                                  (I) whether grantees timely 
                                file Financial Status Reports;
                                  (II) whether grantees have 
                                sufficient internal controls to 
                                ensure adequate oversight of 
                                grant funds received;
                                  (III) whether grantees' 
                                assertions of compliance with 
                                the core requirements were 
                                accompanied with adequate 
                                supporting documentation;
                                  (IV) whether expenditures 
                                were authorized;
                                  (V) whether subrecipients of 
                                grant funds were complying with 
                                program requirements; and
                                  (VI) whether grant funds were 
                                spent in accordance with the 
                                program goals and guidelines.
                          (iv) Report.--The Director shall--
                                  (I) submit to the Congress a 
                                report outlining the results of 
                                the analysis, evaluation, and 
                                audit conducted under clause 
                                (i), including supporting 
                                materials, to the Speaker of 
                                the House of Representatives 
                                and the President pro tempore 
                                of the Senate; and
                                  (II) shall make such report 
                                available to the public online, 
                                not later than 1 year after the 
                                date of enactment of this 
                                section.
                  (B) Analysis of internal controls.--
                          (i) In general.--Not later than 30 
                        days after the date of enactment of the 
                        Supporting Youth Opportunity and 
                        Preventing Delinquency Act of 2016, the 
                        Administrator shall initiate a 
                        comprehensive analysis and evaluation 
                        of the internal controls of the agency 
                        to determine whether, and to what 
                        extent, States and Indian tribes that 
                        receive grants under titles II and V 
                        are following the requirements of the 
                        grant programs authorized under titles 
                        II and V.
                          (ii) Report.--Not later than 180 days 
                        after the date of enactment of the 
                        Supporting Youth Opportunity and 
                        Preventing Delinquency Act of 2016, the 
                        Administrator shall submit to Congress 
                        a report containing--
                                  (I) the findings of the 
                                analysis and evaluation 
                                conducted under clause (i);
                                  (II) a description of 
                                remedial actions, if any, that 
                                will be taken by the 
                                Administrator to enhance the 
                                internal controls of the agency 
                                and recoup funds that may have 
                                been expended in violation of 
                                law, regulations, or program 
                                requirements issued under 
                                titles II and V; and
                                  (III) a description of--
                                          (aa) the analysis 
                                        conducted under clause 
                                        (i);
                                          (bb) whether the 
                                        funds awarded under 
                                        titles II and V have 
                                        been used in accordance 
                                        with law, regulations, 
                                        program guidance, and 
                                        applicable plans; and
                                          (cc) the extent to 
                                        which funds awarded to 
                                        States and Indian 
                                        tribes under titles II 
                                        and V enhanced the 
                                        ability of grantees to 
                                        fulfill the core 
                                        requirements.
                  (C) Report by the attorney general.--Not 
                later than 180 days after the date of enactment 
                of the Supporting Youth Opportunity and 
                Preventing Delinquency Act of 2016, the 
                Attorney General shall submit to the 
                appropriate committees of the Congress a report 
                on the estimated amount of formula grant funds 
                disbursed by the agency since fiscal year 2010 
                that did not meet the requirements for awards 
                of formula grants to States under title II.
          (2) Conference expenditures.--
                  (A) Limitation.--No amounts authorized to be 
                appropriated to the Department of Justice under 
                this Act may be used by the Attorney General, 
                or by any individual or organization awarded 
                discretionary funds through a cooperative 
                agreement under this Act, to host or support 
                any expenditure for conferences that uses more 
                than $20,000 in funds made available to the 
                Department of Justice, unless the Deputy 
                Attorney General or such Assistant Attorney 
                Generals, Directors, or principal deputies as 
                the Deputy Attorney General may designate, 
                provides prior written authorization that the 
                funds may be expended to host a conference.
                  (B) Written approval.--Written approval under 
                subparagraph (A) shall include a written 
                estimate of all costs associated with the 
                conference, including the cost of all food and 
                beverages, audiovisual equipment, honoraria for 
                speakers, and entertainment.
                  (C) Report.--The Deputy Attorney General 
                shall submit an annual report to the Committee 
                on the Judiciary of the Senate and the 
                Committee on Education and the Workforce of the 
                House of Representatives on all conference 
                expenditures approved under this paragraph.
          (3) Prohibition on lobbying activity.--
                  (A) In general.--Amounts authorized to be 
                appropriated under this Act may not be utilized 
                by any recipient of a grant made using such 
                amounts--
                          (i) to lobby any representative of 
                        the Department of Justice regarding the 
                        award of grant funding; or
                          (ii) to lobby any representative of a 
                        Federal, State, local, or tribal 
                        government regarding the award of grant 
                        funding.
                  (B) Penalty.--If the Attorney General 
                determines that any recipient of a grant made 
                using amounts authorized to be appropriated 
                under this Act has violated subparagraph (A), 
                the Attorney General shall--
                          (i) require the recipient to repay 
                        the grant in full; and
                          (ii) prohibit the recipient to 
                        receive another grant under this Act 
                        for not less than 5 years.
                  (C) Clarification.--For purposes of this 
                paragraph, submitting an application for a 
                grant under this Act shall not be considered 
                lobbying activity in violation of subparagraph 
                (A).
  (c) Preventing Duplicative Grants.--
          (1) In general.--Before the Attorney General awards a 
        grant to an applicant under this Act, the Attorney 
        General shall compare potential grant awards with other 
        grants awarded under this Act to determine if duplicate 
        grant awards are awarded for the same purpose.
          (2) Report.--If the Attorney General awards duplicate 
        grants to the same applicant for the same purpose the 
        Attorney General shall submit to the Committee on the 
        Judiciary of the Senate and the Committee on Education 
        and the Workforce of the House of Representatives a 
        report that includes--
                  (A) a list of all duplicate grants awarded, 
                including the total dollar amount of any 
                duplicate grants awarded; and
                  (B) the reason the Attorney General awarded 
                the duplicative grant.
  (d) Compliance with Auditing Standards.--The Administrator 
shall comply with the Generally Accepted Government Auditing 
Standards, published by the General Accountability Office 
(commonly known as the ``Yellow Book''), in the conduct of 
fiscal, compliance, and programmatic audits of States.

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