[House Report 112-277]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]


112th Congress                                                   Report
                        HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
 1st Session                                                    112-277

======================================================================



 
            NATIONAL RIGHT-TO-CARRY RECIPROCITY ACT OF 2011

                                _______
                                

 November 10, 2011.--Committed to the Committee of the Whole House on 
            the State of the Union and ordered to be printed

                                _______
                                

       Mr. Smith of Texas, from the Committee on the Judiciary, 
                        submitted the following

                              R E P O R T

                             together with

                            DISSENTING VIEWS

                        [To accompany H.R. 822]

      [Including cost estimate of the Congressional Budget Office]

    The Committee on the Judiciary, to whom was referred the 
bill (H.R. 822) to amend title 18, United States Code, to 
provide a national standard in accordance with which 
nonresidents of a State may carry concealed firearms in the 
State, having considered the same, report favorably thereon 
with an amendment and recommend that the bill as amended do 
pass.

                                CONTENTS

                                                                   Page
The Amendment....................................................     2
Purpose and Summary..............................................     2
Background and Need for the Legislation..........................     3
Hearings.........................................................     5
Committee Consideration..........................................     6
Committee Votes..................................................     6
Committee Oversight Findings.....................................    16
New Budget Authority and Tax Expenditures........................    16
Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate........................    16
Performance Goals and Objectives.................................    18
Advisory on Earmarks.............................................    18
Section-by-Section Analysis......................................    18
Changes in Existing Law Made by the Bill, as Reported............    18
Dissenting Views.................................................    19

                             The Amendment

    The amendment is as follows:
  Strike all after the enacting clause and insert the 
following:

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

  This Act may be cited as the ``National Right-to-Carry Reciprocity 
Act of 2011''.

SEC. 2. RECIPROCITY FOR THE CARRYING OF CERTAIN CONCEALED FIREARMS.

  (a) In General.--Chapter 44 of title 18, United States Code, is 
amended by inserting after section 926C the following:

``Sec. 926D. Reciprocity for the carrying of certain concealed firearms

  ``(a) Notwithstanding any provision of the law of any State or 
political subdivision thereof (except as provided in subsection (b)), a 
person who is not prohibited by Federal law from possessing, 
transporting, shipping, or receiving a firearm, and who is carrying a 
valid identification document containing a photograph of the person, 
and a valid license or permit which is issued pursuant to the law of a 
State and which permits the person to carry a concealed firearm, may 
possess or carry a concealed handgun (other than a machinegun or 
destructive device) that has been shipped or transported in interstate 
or foreign commerce, in any State, other than the State of residence of 
the person, that--
          ``(1) has a statute that allows residents of the State to 
        obtain licenses or permits to carry concealed firearms; or
          ``(2) does not prohibit the carrying of concealed firearms by 
        residents of the State for lawful purposes.
  ``(b) The possession or carrying of a concealed handgun in a State 
under this section shall be subject to the same conditions and 
limitations, except as to eligibility to possess or carry, imposed by 
or under Federal or State law or the law of a political subdivision of 
a State, that apply to the possession or carrying of a concealed 
handgun by residents of the State or political subdivision who are 
licensed by the State or political subdivision to do so, or not 
prohibited by the State from doing so.
  ``(c) In subsection (a), the term `identification document' means a 
document made or issued by or under the authority of the United States 
Government, a State, or a political subdivision of a State which, when 
completed with information concerning a particular individual, is of a 
type intended or commonly accepted for the purpose of identification of 
individuals.''.
  (b) Clerical Amendment.--The table of sections for such chapter is 
amended by inserting after the item relating to section 926C the 
following:

``926D. Reciprocity for the carrying of certain concealed firearms.''.
  (c) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall take 
effect 90 days after the date of the enactment of this Act.

SEC. 3. GAO AUDIT OF THE STATES' CONCEALED CARRY PERMIT OR LICENSING 
                    REQUIREMENTS FOR NON-RESIDENTS.

  (a) The Comptroller General of the United States shall conduct an 
audit of--
          (1) the laws and regulations of each State that authorize the 
        issuance of a valid permit or license to permit a person, other 
        than a resident of such State, to possess or carry a concealed 
        firearm, including a description of the permitting or licensing 
        requirements of each State that issues concealed carry permits 
        or licenses to persons other than a resident of such State;
          (2) the number of such valid permits or licenses issued or 
        denied (and the basis for such denials) by each State to 
        persons other than a resident of such State; and
          (3) the effectiveness of such State laws and regulations in 
        protecting the public safety.
  (b) Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, 
the Comptroller General shall submit to Congress a report on the 
findings of the study conducted under subsection (a).

                          Purpose and Summary

    H.R. 822 allows persons with valid state-issued concealed 
firearm permits or licenses to carry a concealed firearm in any 
other state that also issues concealed firearm permits or 
licenses, or in any other state that does not generally 
prohibit the carrying of concealed firearms.

                Background and Need for the Legislation

             I. THE CURRENT STATUS OF CONCEALED CARRY LAWS

    In a 2008 opinion striking down Washington D.C.'s district-
wide handgun ban, the U.S. Supreme Court recognized ``that the 
Second Amendment conferred an individual right to keep and bear 
arms'' that stems in large part from the right to protect 
oneself, as well as ``one's home and family,'' from harm. See 
District of Columbia v. Heller, 554 U.S. 570 (2008). 
Specifically, the Heller decision found that the right to self 
defense, as opposed to the creation of a militia or other 
principles, ``was the central component of the right itself.'' 
Id. at 599 (emphasis in original). More recently, in McDonald 
v. City of Chicago, 561 U.S. __, 130 S.Ct. 3020 (2010), the 
Supreme Court clarified that the Second Amendment rights 
discussed in Heller also extend to the states.
    Forty-nine states currently permit concealed carry in some 
manner. Thirty-five states have ``shall issue'' permit laws, 
which generally require states to issue a concealed carry 
permit or license to people who meet the legal requirements. 
Ten states--plus the Virgin Islands, Puerto Rico, and Guam--
have ``may issue'' or discretionary permit laws that are 
administered in varying ways. Four states--Vermont, Arizona, 
Alaska, and Wyoming--permit the carrying of a concealed weapon 
without any permit or license (although Arizona, Alaska, and 
Wyoming also have a permitting process in place). Illinois, the 
District of Columbia, the Northern Marianas Islands, and 
American Samoa prohibit concealed carry.
    Twenty-five states allow non-residents to apply for a 
concealed carry permit or license, and Vermont allows non-
residents to carry without a permit while in the state. In most 
instances, the process for permitting in-state and out-of-state 
persons is the same. However, some states apply a stricter 
permitting process to out-of-state residents, including 
requiring that the person have a valid concealed carry permit 
from their home state.
    A majority of states currently extend reciprocal concealed 
carry privileges to varying degrees to the residents of other 
states. Fourteen states grant outright recognition of all valid 
permits issued by another state. Ten states automatically 
recognize permits from other states that also recognize their 
permits. Sixteen states will recognize another state's 
concealed carry permit if certain conditions are met. Only ten 
states do not recognize a concealed carry permit issued by 
another state in any circumstance, although many of these 
states do allow non-residents to apply for permits to carry a 
concealed handgun in the state.
    Under current Federal law, certain active-duty and retired 
law enforcement officers are permitted to carry concealed 
firearms across state lines, even while off duty.\1\ In 2010, 
Congress passed and President Obama signed legislation to 
expand the categories of current and retired law enforcement 
officers who are entitled to carry concealed weapons across 
state lines.\2\ H.R. 822 would extend the ability to carry 
concealed firearms across state lines to other law-abiding 
citizens. President Obama also signed legislation in 2009 to 
allow the carrying of concealed weapons in Federal parks.\3\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \1\See 18 U.S.C. Sec. Sec. 926B and 926C.
    \2\See P.L. 111-272.
    \3\See P.L. 111-24.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

            II. EFFECTS OF CONCEALED CARRY ON PUBLIC SAFETY

    While there is disagreement over the benefits of carrying 
concealed weapons, many believe that robust concealed carry 
laws ultimately deter crime by making criminal acts much more 
risky and costly for potential law breakers. Statistics show a 
connection between concealed carry laws and a decrease in 
violent crime rates. The National Rifle Association estimates, 
based on data from the FBI's Annual Uniform Crime Report, that 
``right-to-carry'' states (i.e., those that widely allow 
concealed carry) have 22 percent lower total violent crime 
rates, 30 percent lower murder rates, 46 percent lower robbery 
rates, and 12 percent lower aggravated assault rates, as 
compared to the rest of the country.\4\ A study of the effect 
of concealed carry laws on crime rates, published in 1997, 
estimated that ``[w]hen state concealed handgun laws went into 
effect in a county, murders fell by 7.65 percent, and rapes and 
aggravated assaults fell by 5 and 7 percent.''\5\ The general 
conclusion of this study, that concealed weapons deter crime, 
has been replicated and confirmed by other scholars.\6\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \4\See http://www.nraila.org/Issues/FactSheets/
Read.aspx?id=189&issue=003.
    \5\John R. Lott, Jr. and David B. Mustard, Crime, Deterrence, and 
Right to Carry Concealed Handguns, 26 J. Legal Stud. 1, 19 (1997). This 
study also found that concealed carry laws and the accompanying decline 
in violence crime lead to significant financial savings. Id. at 64 
(``The estimated annual gain in 1992 from allowing concealed handguns 
was over $5.74 billion.'').
    \6\See Don B. Kates, Would Banning Firearms Reduce Murder and 
Suicide?, 30 Harv. J.L. & Pub. Pol'y 649, 658 n.30 (2007) (``Several 
critics have now replicated Lott's work using additional or different 
data, additional control variables, or new or different statistical 
techniques they deem superior to those Lott used. Interestingly, the 
replications all confirm Lott's general conclusions; some even find 
that Lott underestimated the crime-reductive effects of allowing good 
citizens to carry concealed guns.'').
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    The use of firearms in self defense is prevalent. According 
to the National Self Defense Survey, conducted by 
criminologists from Florida State University, Americans use 
guns in self defense an estimated 2.2 to 2.5 million times a 
year, or every 13 seconds.\7\ This same study found that, in 
general, simply brandishing a gun or firing a warning shot is 
sufficient to defend against an attacker in most cases of self 
defense involving a firearm. Only 24 percent of people surveyed 
reported firing a gun in self defense, and just 8 percent 
reported wounding an assailant with a gun.\8\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \7\See Gary Kleck & Marc Gertz, Armed Resistance to Crime: The 
Prevalence and Nature of Self Defense with a Gun, 86 J. Crim. L. & 
Criminology 150, 164 (1995).
    \8\Id. at 173.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    There is also little evidence that law-abiding permit 
holders are a threat to public safety. The state of Florida, 
which has issued over 2 million concealed carry permits since 
it adopted a ``right-to-carry'' law in 1987, has revoked just 
6,400 permits (just 0.3 percent of the total issued permits) 
and just 168 concealed carry permits were revoked due to the 
use of a firearm in a crime (just 0.008 percent).\9\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \9\See Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, 
Division of Licensing, Concealed Weapon/Firearm Summary Report, http://
licgweb.doacs.state.fl.us/stats/cw_ monthly.html.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

                III. NATIONAL RECIPROCITY UNDER H.R. 822

    H.R. 822 would allow persons with valid state-issued 
concealed firearm permits or licenses to carry a concealed 
firearm in all other states that also issue concealed firearm 
permits or licenses, or in any other state that does not 
generally prohibit the carrying of concealed firearms. This 
legislation would not create a national licensing scheme, but 
rather would require states that currently permit people to 
carry concealed firearms to recognize other states' valid 
concealed carry permits.
    H.R. 822, as clarified by the substitute manager's 
amendment, does not affect a state's ability to set eligibility 
requirements for its own residents. The bill instead makes 
clear that a person cannot use this Federal grant of 
reciprocity to carry a concealed weapon in his or her own state 
of residence under another state's permit or license, unless 
their own state's laws permit this. H.R. 822 also does not 
impact state laws governing how concealed firearms are 
possessed or carried within the various states. All state, 
federal, and local laws regarding the possession and carrying 
of a concealed handgun that would apply to a resident of a 
state will also apply in equal force to a non-resident. A non-
resident who is able to show both a valid identification 
document and a valid concealed carry permit or license will be 
permitted to carry a concealed firearm in the same manner as a 
resident holding a general-use permit or license.
    H.R. 822 addresses concerns regarding law enforcement's 
ability to confirm the validity of an out-of-state concealed 
carry permit by requiring that a person show both a valid 
government-issued identification document, such as a license or 
passport, and a valid concealed carry license or permit. The 
states are also currently able to verify the validity of out-
of-state concealed permits. The Nlets system, formerly the 
National Law Enforcement Teletype System, permits federal, 
state, and local law enforcement to query handgun permit 
information for 12 states that have elected to participate in 
the program. Law enforcement can also use Nlets to send 
inquiries regarding concealed carry permits directly to out-of-
state agencies that issue permits but do not participate in the 
Nlets concealed carry program. Forty states currently grant 
some form of reciprocity for out-of-state concealed carry 
permits and all of the states are subject to the Firearms 
Owners` Protection Act's Safe Passage Provision, codified at 18 
U.S.C. Sec. 926A, which provides a process by which non-
residents can transport lawful firearms through states where 
they could not otherwise carry the firearm. Accordingly, law 
enforcement is already very familiar with handling and 
verifying firearms carried by non-residents.

                                Hearings

    The Committee's Subcommittee on Crime, Terrorism, and 
Homeland Security held 1 day of hearings on H.R. 822 on 
September 13, 2011. Testimony was received from Joyce Lee 
Malcolm, Professor, George Mason University School of Law; 
David Kopel, Research Director, Independence Institute and 
Adjunct Professor, Denver University Sturm College of Law; and 
Philadelphia Police Commissioner Charles Ramsey, with 
additional material submitted by the International Association 
of Chiefs of Police, Mayors Against Illegal Guns, the Minnesota 
Chiefs of Police, and the Virginia Association of Chiefs of 
Police.

                        Committee Consideration

    On October 25, the Committee met in open session and 
ordered the bill H.R. 822 favorably reported, with an 
amendment, by a rollcall vote of 19 to 11, a quorum being 
present.

                            Committee Votes

    In compliance with clause 3(b) of rule XIII of the Rules of 
the House of Representatives, the Committee advises that the 
following rollcall votes occurred during the Committee's 
consideration of H.R. 822.
    1. An amendment by Mr. Conyers to strike the provision 
stating that state eligibility requirements do not apply to 
non-residents. Failed 12 to 18.

                                                 ROLLCALL NO. 1
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                       Ayes            Nays           Present
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Mr. Smith, Chairman.............................................                              X
Mr. Sensenbrenner, Jr...........................................
Mr. Coble.......................................................                              X
Mr. Gallegly....................................................                              X
Mr. Goodlatte...................................................                              X
Mr. Lungren.....................................................                              X
Mr. Chabot......................................................                              X
Mr. Issa........................................................
Mr. Pence.......................................................
Mr. Forbes......................................................                              X
Mr. King........................................................                              X
Mr. Franks......................................................                              X
Mr. Gohmert.....................................................                              X
Mr. Jordan......................................................                              X
Mr. Poe.........................................................                              X
Mr. Chaffetz....................................................                              X
Mr. Griffin.....................................................                              X
Mr. Marino......................................................                              X
Mr. Gowdy.......................................................                              X
Mr. Ross........................................................
Ms. Adams.......................................................                              X
Mr. Quayle......................................................                              X
Mr. Amodei......................................................
Mr. Conyers, Jr., Ranking Member................................              X
Mr. Berman......................................................              X
Mr. Nadler......................................................              X
Mr. Scott.......................................................              X
Mr. Watt........................................................              X
Ms. Lofgren.....................................................              X
Ms. Jackson Lee.................................................              X
Ms. Waters......................................................              X
Mr. Cohen.......................................................              X
Mr. Johnson.....................................................              X
Mr. Pierluisi...................................................              X
Mr. Quigley.....................................................
Ms. Chu.........................................................              X
Mr. Deutch......................................................
Ms. Sanchez.....................................................
(Vacant)........................................................
                                                                 -----------------------------------------------
    Total.......................................................             12              18
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    2. An amendment by Mr. Gohmert to add the District of 
Columbia to jurisdictions eligible for reciprocity for the 
carrying of concealed firearms. Failed 3 to 24, with one Member 
reported as present.

                                                 ROLLCALL NO. 2
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                       Ayes            Nays           Present
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Mr. Smith, Chairman.............................................                              X
Mr. Sensenbrenner, Jr...........................................
Mr. Coble.......................................................                              X
Mr. Gallegly....................................................                              X
Mr. Goodlatte...................................................                              X
Mr. Lungren.....................................................                              X
Mr. Chabot......................................................
Mr. Issa........................................................
Mr. Pence.......................................................
Mr. Forbes......................................................                              X
Mr. King........................................................              X
Mr. Franks......................................................                              X
Mr. Gohmert.....................................................              X
Mr. Jordan......................................................              X
Mr. Poe.........................................................                              X
Mr. Chaffetz....................................................                              X
Mr. Griffin.....................................................                              X
Mr. Marino......................................................                              X
Mr. Gowdy.......................................................                                              X
Mr. Ross........................................................
Ms. Adams.......................................................                              X
Mr. Quayle......................................................                              X
Mr. Amodei......................................................                              X
Mr. Conyers, Jr., Ranking Member................................                              X
Mr. Berman......................................................
Mr. Nadler......................................................                              X
Mr. Scott.......................................................                              X
Mr. Watt........................................................                              X
Ms. Lofgren.....................................................                              X
Ms. Jackson Lee.................................................                              X
Ms. Waters......................................................                              X
Mr. Cohen.......................................................                              X
Mr. Johnson.....................................................
Mr. Pierluisi...................................................                              X
Mr. Quigley.....................................................                              X
Ms. Chu.........................................................
Mr. Deutch......................................................
Ms. Sanchez.....................................................
(Vacant)........................................................
                                                                 -----------------------------------------------
    Total.......................................................              3              24               1
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    3. An amendment by Mr. Nadler to apply State law regarding 
the possession and carrying of concealed handguns for those 
convicted of a sex offense against a child. Failed 11 to 17.

                                                 ROLLCALL NO. 3
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                       Ayes            Nays           Present
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Mr. Smith, Chairman.............................................                              X
Mr. Sensenbrenner, Jr...........................................                              X
Mr. Coble.......................................................                              X
Mr. Gallegly....................................................                              X
Mr. Goodlatte...................................................                              X
Mr. Lungren.....................................................              X
Mr. Chabot......................................................
Mr. Issa........................................................
Mr. Pence.......................................................
Mr. Forbes......................................................                              X
Mr. King........................................................                              X
Mr. Franks......................................................                              X
Mr. Gohmert.....................................................
Mr. Jordan......................................................                              X
Mr. Poe.........................................................                              X
Mr. Chaffetz....................................................                              X
Mr. Griffin.....................................................                              X
Mr. Marino......................................................                              X
Mr. Gowdy.......................................................                              X
Mr. Ross........................................................
Ms. Adams.......................................................                              X
Mr. Quayle......................................................                              X
Mr. Amodei......................................................                              X
Mr. Conyers, Jr., Ranking Member................................              X
Mr. Berman......................................................
Mr. Nadler......................................................              X
Mr. Scott.......................................................              X
Mr. Watt........................................................              X
Ms. Lofgren.....................................................              X
Ms. Jackson Lee.................................................
Ms. Waters......................................................
Mr. Cohen.......................................................              X
Mr. Johnson.....................................................              X
Mr. Pierluisi...................................................              X
Mr. Quigley.....................................................              X
Ms. Chu.........................................................              X
Mr. Deutch......................................................
Ms. Sanchez.....................................................
(Vacant)........................................................
                                                                 -----------------------------------------------
    Total.......................................................             11              17
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    4. An amendment by Mr. Nadler to prohibit someone known or 
suspected to be a terrorist from possessing or carrying a 
handgun under the bill. Failed 10 to 19.

                                                 ROLLCALL NO. 4
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                       Ayes            Nays           Present
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Mr. Smith, Chairman.............................................                              X
Mr. Sensenbrenner, Jr...........................................                              X
Mr. Coble.......................................................
Mr. Gallegly....................................................                              X
Mr. Goodlatte...................................................
Mr. Lungren.....................................................                              X
Mr. Chabot......................................................                              X
Mr. Issa........................................................
Mr. Pence.......................................................                              X
Mr. Forbes......................................................                              X
Mr. King........................................................                              X
Mr. Franks......................................................                              X
Mr. Gohmert.....................................................
Mr. Jordan......................................................                              X
Mr. Poe.........................................................                              X
Mr. Chaffetz....................................................                              X
Mr. Griffin.....................................................                              X
Mr. Marino......................................................                              X
Mr. Gowdy.......................................................                              X
Mr. Ross........................................................                              X
Ms. Adams.......................................................                              X
Mr. Quayle......................................................                              X
Mr. Amodei......................................................                              X
Mr. Conyers, Jr., Ranking Member................................
Mr. Berman......................................................
Mr. Nadler......................................................              X
Mr. Scott.......................................................              X
Mr. Watt........................................................              X
Ms. Lofgren.....................................................              X
Ms. Jackson Lee.................................................              X
Ms. Waters......................................................
Mr. Cohen.......................................................
Mr. Johnson.....................................................              X
Mr. Pierluisi...................................................              X
Mr. Quigley.....................................................              X
Ms. Chu.........................................................              X
Mr. Deutch......................................................              X
Ms. Sanchez.....................................................
(Vacant)........................................................
                                                                 -----------------------------------------------
    Total.......................................................             10              19
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    5. An amendment by Ms. Jackson Lee to subject anyone 
convicted of stalking or unlawful surveillance to any state 
laws that limit their ability to possess or carry a concealed 
weapon. Failed 9 to 15.

                                                 ROLLCALL NO. 5
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                       Ayes            Nays           Present
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Mr. Smith, Chairman.............................................                              X
Mr. Sensenbrenner, Jr...........................................                              X
Mr. Coble.......................................................
Mr. Gallegly....................................................                              X
Mr. Goodlatte...................................................
Mr. Lungren.....................................................                              X
Mr. Chabot......................................................                              X
Mr. Issa........................................................
Mr. Pence.......................................................                              X
Mr. Forbes......................................................                              X
Mr. King........................................................                              X
Mr. Franks......................................................                              X
Mr. Gohmert.....................................................
Mr. Jordan......................................................
Mr. Poe.........................................................
Mr. Chaffetz....................................................                              X
Mr. Griffin.....................................................                              X
Mr. Marino......................................................                              X
Mr. Gowdy.......................................................                              X
Mr. Ross........................................................                              X
Ms. Adams.......................................................
Mr. Quayle......................................................                              X
Mr. Amodei......................................................
Mr. Conyers, Jr., Ranking Member................................
Mr. Berman......................................................
Mr. Nadler......................................................              X
Mr. Scott.......................................................              X
Mr. Watt........................................................              X
Ms. Lofgren.....................................................              X
Ms. Jackson Lee.................................................              X
Ms. Waters......................................................
Mr. Cohen.......................................................
Mr. Johnson.....................................................              X
Mr. Pierluisi...................................................              X
Mr. Quigley.....................................................              X
Ms. Chu.........................................................
Mr. Deutch......................................................              X
Ms. Sanchez.....................................................
(Vacant)........................................................
                                                                 -----------------------------------------------
    Total.......................................................              9              15
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    6. An amendment by Mr. Johnson to require the possession or 
carrying of a concealed handgun in a state to be subject to 
that state's law regarding concealed carry by any person 
subject to a domestic violence protection order within the past 
10 years. Failed 12 to 14.

                                                 ROLLCALL NO. 6
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                       Ayes            Nays           Present
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Mr. Smith, Chairman.............................................                              X
Mr. Sensenbrenner, Jr...........................................
Mr. Coble.......................................................                              X
Mr. Gallegly....................................................                              X
Mr. Goodlatte...................................................
Mr. Lungren.....................................................                              X
Mr. Chabot......................................................                              X
Mr. Issa........................................................
Mr. Pence.......................................................
Mr. Forbes......................................................                              X
Mr. King........................................................                              X
Mr. Franks......................................................                              X
Mr. Gohmert.....................................................
Mr. Jordan......................................................
Mr. Poe.........................................................
Mr. Chaffetz....................................................                              X
Mr. Griffin.....................................................                              X
Mr. Marino......................................................                              X
Mr. Gowdy.......................................................                              X
Mr. Ross........................................................                              X
Ms. Adams.......................................................                              X
Mr. Quayle......................................................
Mr. Amodei......................................................
Mr. Conyers, Jr., Ranking Member................................              X
Mr. Berman......................................................
Mr. Nadler......................................................              X
Mr. Scott.......................................................              X
Mr. Watt........................................................              X
Ms. Lofgren.....................................................              X
Ms. Jackson Lee.................................................              X
Ms. Waters......................................................
Mr. Cohen.......................................................              X
Mr. Johnson.....................................................              X
Mr. Pierluisi...................................................
Mr. Quigley.....................................................              X
Ms. Chu.........................................................              X
Mr. Deutch......................................................              X
Ms. Sanchez.....................................................              X
(Vacant)........................................................
                                                                 -----------------------------------------------
    Total.......................................................             12              14
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    7. An amendment by Mr. Quigley on behalf of Mr. Pierluisi 
to require that a permit to carry a concealed firearm include 
the permit holder's full legal name, date of birth, gender, 
digital photograph, address of principal residence, and 
signature; the permit's unique issuance number; and physical 
security features. Failed 12 to 15.

                                                 ROLLCALL NO. 7
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                       Ayes            Nays           Present
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Mr. Smith, Chairman.............................................                              X
Mr. Sensenbrenner, Jr...........................................
Mr. Coble.......................................................
Mr. Gallegly....................................................                              X
Mr. Goodlatte...................................................
Mr. Lungren.....................................................                              X
Mr. Chabot......................................................                              X
Mr. Issa........................................................
Mr. Pence.......................................................
Mr. Forbes......................................................                              X
Mr. King........................................................                              X
Mr. Franks......................................................                              X
Mr. Gohmert.....................................................
Mr. Jordan......................................................
Mr. Poe.........................................................                              X
Mr. Chaffetz....................................................                              X
Mr. Griffin.....................................................                              X
Mr. Marino......................................................                              X
Mr. Gowdy.......................................................                              X
Mr. Ross........................................................                              X
Ms. Adams.......................................................                              X
Mr. Quayle......................................................
Mr. Amodei......................................................                              X
Mr. Conyers, Jr., Ranking Member................................              X
Mr. Berman......................................................
Mr. Nadler......................................................              X
Mr. Scott.......................................................              X
Mr. Watt........................................................              X
Ms. Lofgren.....................................................              X
Ms. Jackson Lee.................................................              X
Ms. Waters......................................................
Mr. Cohen.......................................................              X
Mr. Johnson.....................................................              X
Mr. Pierluisi...................................................
Mr. Quigley.....................................................              X
Ms. Chu.........................................................              X
Mr. Deutch......................................................              X
Ms. Sanchez.....................................................              X
(Vacant)........................................................
                                                                 -----------------------------------------------
    Total.......................................................             12              15
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    8. An amendment by Mr. Quigley to require to possession or 
carrying of a concealed handgun in a State be subject to any 
State law limiting the eligibility to possess or carry a 
concealed handgun for anyone convicted of assaulted or 
impersonating a law enforcement officer. Failed 11 to 16.

                                                 ROLLCALL NO. 8
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                       Ayes            Nays           Present
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Mr. Smith, Chairman.............................................                              X
Mr. Sensenbrenner, Jr...........................................                              X
Mr. Coble.......................................................
Mr. Gallegly....................................................
Mr. Goodlatte...................................................                              X
Mr. Lungren.....................................................                              X
Mr. Chabot......................................................                              X
Mr. Issa........................................................                              X
Mr. Pence.......................................................
Mr. Forbes......................................................                              X
Mr. King........................................................
Mr. Franks......................................................                              X
Mr. Gohmert.....................................................                              X
Mr. Jordan......................................................
Mr. Poe.........................................................
Mr. Chaffetz....................................................                              X
Mr. Griffin.....................................................                              X
Mr. Marino......................................................                              X
Mr. Gowdy.......................................................                              X
Mr. Ross........................................................                              X
Ms. Adams.......................................................
Mr. Quayle......................................................                              X
Mr. Amodei......................................................                              X
Mr. Conyers, Jr., Ranking Member................................              X
Mr. Berman......................................................
Mr. Nadler......................................................              X
Mr. Scott.......................................................              X
Mr. Watt........................................................              X
Ms. Lofgren.....................................................              X
Ms. Jackson Lee.................................................
Ms. Waters......................................................
Mr. Cohen.......................................................              X
Mr. Johnson.....................................................              X
Mr. Pierluisi...................................................
Mr. Quigley.....................................................              X
Ms. Chu.........................................................              X
Mr. Deutch......................................................              X
Ms. Sanchez.....................................................              X
(Vacant)........................................................
                                                                 -----------------------------------------------
    Total.......................................................             11              16
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    9. An amendment by Ms. Chu to require that the possession 
of carrying of a concealed handgun in a state be subject to 
that state's law regarding concealed carry by someone convicted 
of selling a controlled substance to a minor. Failed 11 to 17.

                                                 ROLLCALL NO. 9
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                       Ayes            Nays           Present
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Mr. Smith, Chairman.............................................                              X
Mr. Sensenbrenner, Jr...........................................                              X
Mr. Coble.......................................................
Mr. Gallegly....................................................
Mr. Goodlatte...................................................                              X
Mr. Lungren.....................................................                              X
Mr. Chabot......................................................                              X
Mr. Issa........................................................                              X
Mr. Pence.......................................................
Mr. Forbes......................................................                              X
Mr. King........................................................                              X
Mr. Franks......................................................                              X
Mr. Gohmert.....................................................
Mr. Jordan......................................................
Mr. Poe.........................................................                              X
Mr. Chaffetz....................................................                              X
Mr. Griffin.....................................................                              X
Mr. Marino......................................................                              X
Mr. Gowdy.......................................................                              X
Mr. Ross........................................................                              X
Ms. Adams.......................................................
Mr. Quayle......................................................                              X
Mr. Amodei......................................................                              X
Mr. Conyers, Jr., Ranking Member................................              X
Mr. Berman......................................................
Mr. Nadler......................................................              X
Mr. Scott.......................................................              X
Mr. Watt........................................................              X
Ms. Lofgren.....................................................              X
Ms. Jackson Lee.................................................
Ms. Waters......................................................              X
Mr. Cohen.......................................................              X
Mr. Johnson.....................................................              X
Mr. Pierluisi...................................................
Mr. Quigley.....................................................              X
Ms. Chu.........................................................              X
Mr. Deutch......................................................
Ms. Sanchez.....................................................              X
(Vacant)........................................................
                                                                 -----------------------------------------------
    Total.......................................................             11              17
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    10. An amendment by Mr. Lungren to require a GAO audit of 
the laws of each state that issues concealed carry permits or 
licenses to non-residents. Passed 13 to 8.

                                                 ROLLCALL NO. 10
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                       Ayes            Nays           Present
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Mr. Smith, Chairman.............................................              X
Mr. Sensenbrenner, Jr...........................................
Mr. Coble.......................................................
Mr. Gallegly....................................................
Mr. Goodlatte...................................................              X
Mr. Lungren.....................................................              X
Mr. Chabot......................................................              X
Mr. Issa........................................................              X
Mr. Pence.......................................................
Mr. Forbes......................................................              X
Mr. King........................................................              X
Mr. Franks......................................................              X
Mr. Gohmert.....................................................
Mr. Jordan......................................................
Mr. Poe.........................................................
Mr. Chaffetz....................................................                              X
Mr. Griffin.....................................................              X
Mr. Marino......................................................              X
Mr. Gowdy.......................................................              X
Mr. Ross........................................................
Ms. Adams.......................................................
Mr. Quayle......................................................              X
Mr. Amodei......................................................              X
Mr. Conyers, Jr., Ranking Member................................                              X
Mr. Berman......................................................
Mr. Nadler......................................................                              X
Mr. Scott.......................................................                              X
Mr. Watt........................................................                              X
Ms. Lofgren.....................................................
Ms. Jackson Lee.................................................
Ms. Waters......................................................                              X
Mr. Cohen.......................................................
Mr. Johnson.....................................................                              X
Mr. Pierluisi...................................................
Mr. Quigley.....................................................
Ms. Chu.........................................................
Mr. Deutch......................................................
Ms. Sanchez.....................................................                              X
(Vacant)........................................................
                                                                 -----------------------------------------------
    Total.......................................................             13               8
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    11. An amendment by Mr. Cohen to limit the reciprocity 
extended by H.R. 822 to persons over the age of 21. Failed 4 to 
12.

                                                 ROLLCALL NO. 11
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                       Ayes            Nays           Present
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Mr. Smith, Chairman.............................................                              X
Mr. Sensenbrenner, Jr...........................................                              X
Mr. Coble.......................................................
Mr. Gallegly....................................................
Mr. Goodlatte...................................................                              X
Mr. Lungren.....................................................
Mr. Chabot......................................................                              X
Mr. Issa........................................................
Mr. Pence.......................................................
Mr. Forbes......................................................                              X
Mr. King........................................................                              X
Mr. Franks......................................................                              X
Mr. Gohmert.....................................................
Mr. Jordan......................................................
Mr. Poe.........................................................
Mr. Chaffetz....................................................                              X
Mr. Griffin.....................................................                              X
Mr. Marino......................................................                              X
Mr. Gowdy.......................................................
Mr. Ross........................................................
Ms. Adams.......................................................                              X
Mr. Quayle......................................................                              X
Mr. Amodei......................................................
Mr. Conyers, Jr., Ranking Member................................
Mr. Berman......................................................
Mr. Nadler......................................................
Mr. Scott.......................................................              X
Mr. Watt........................................................
Ms. Lofgren.....................................................
Ms. Jackson Lee.................................................              X
Ms. Waters......................................................
Mr. Cohen.......................................................              X
Mr. Johnson.....................................................              X
Mr. Pierluisi...................................................
Mr. Quigley.....................................................
Ms. Chu.........................................................
Mr. Deutch......................................................
Ms. Sanchez.....................................................
(Vacant)........................................................
                                                                 -----------------------------------------------
    Total.......................................................              4              12
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    12. An amendment by Ms. Jackson Lee to require states to 
maintain a database of all concealed carry permits and licenses 
issued by the states and make that database available to law 
enforcement 24-hours a day. Failed 3 to 12.

                                                 ROLLCALL NO. 12
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                       Ayes            Nays           Present
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Mr. Smith, Chairman.............................................                              X
Mr. Sensenbrenner, Jr...........................................                              X
Mr. Coble.......................................................
Mr. Gallegly....................................................
Mr. Goodlatte...................................................                              X
Mr. Lungren.....................................................
Mr. Chabot......................................................                              X
Mr. Issa........................................................
Mr. Pence.......................................................
Mr. Forbes......................................................                              X
Mr. King........................................................                              X
Mr. Franks......................................................                              X
Mr. Gohmert.....................................................
Mr. Jordan......................................................
Mr. Poe.........................................................
Mr. Chaffetz....................................................                              X
Mr. Griffin.....................................................                              X
Mr. Marino......................................................                              X
Mr. Gowdy.......................................................
Mr. Ross........................................................
Ms. Adams.......................................................                              X
Mr. Quayle......................................................                              X
Mr. Amodei......................................................
Mr. Conyers, Jr., Ranking Member................................
Mr. Berman......................................................
Mr. Nadler......................................................
Mr. Scott.......................................................              X
Mr. Watt........................................................
Ms. Lofgren.....................................................
Ms. Jackson Lee.................................................              X
Ms. Waters......................................................
Mr. Cohen.......................................................
Mr. Johnson.....................................................              X
Mr. Pierluisi...................................................
Mr. Quigley.....................................................
Ms. Chu.........................................................
Mr. Deutch......................................................
Ms. Sanchez.....................................................
(Vacant)........................................................
                                                                 -----------------------------------------------
    Total.......................................................              3              12
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    13. Motion to report H.R. 822 favorably, as amended. Passed 
19 to 11.

                                                 ROLLCALL NO. 13
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                       Ayes            Nays           Present
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Mr. Smith, Chairman.............................................              X
Mr. Sensenbrenner, Jr...........................................              X
Mr. Coble.......................................................              X
Mr. Gallegly....................................................
Mr. Goodlatte...................................................              X
Mr. Lungren.....................................................                              X
Mr. Chabot......................................................              X
Mr. Issa........................................................              X
Mr. Pence.......................................................
Mr. Forbes......................................................              X
Mr. King........................................................              X
Mr. Franks......................................................              X
Mr. Gohmert.....................................................
Mr. Jordan......................................................              X
Mr. Poe.........................................................              X
Mr. Chaffetz....................................................              X
Mr. Griffin.....................................................              X
Mr. Marino......................................................              X
Mr. Gowdy.......................................................              X
Mr. Ross........................................................              X
Ms. Adams.......................................................              X
Mr. Quayle......................................................              X
Mr. Amodei......................................................              X
Mr. Conyers, Jr., Ranking Member................................                              X
Mr. Berman......................................................                              X
Mr. Nadler......................................................                              X
Mr. Scott.......................................................                              X
Mr. Watt........................................................
Ms. Lofgren.....................................................
Ms. Jackson Lee.................................................
Ms. Waters......................................................                              X
Mr. Cohen.......................................................                              X
Mr. Johnson.....................................................                              X
Mr. Pierluisi...................................................                              X
Mr. Quigley.....................................................                              X
Ms. Chu.........................................................                              X
Mr. Deutch......................................................
Ms. Sanchez.....................................................
(Vacant)........................................................
                                                                 -----------------------------------------------
    Total.......................................................             19              11
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

                      Committee Oversight Findings

    In compliance with clause 3(c)(1) of rule XIII of the Rules 
of the House of Representatives, the Committee advises that the 
findings and recommendations of the Committee, based on 
oversight activities under clause 2(b)(1) of rule X of the 
Rules of the House of Representatives, are incorporated in the 
descriptive portions of this report.

               New Budget Authority and Tax Expenditures

    Clause 3(c)(2) of rule XIII of the Rules of the House of 
Representatives is inapplicable because this legislation does 
not provide new budgetary authority or increased tax 
expenditures.

               Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate

    In compliance with clause 3(c)(3) of rule XIII of the Rules 
of the House of Representatives, the Committee sets forth, with 
respect to the bill, H.R. 822, the following estimate and 
comparison prepared by the Director of the Congressional Budget 
Office under section 402 of the Congressional Budget Act of 
1974:

                                     U.S. Congress,
                               Congressional Budget Office,
                                  Washington, DC, November 4, 2011.
Hon. Lamar Smith, Chairman,
Committee on the Judiciary,
House of Representatives, Washington, DC.
    Dear Mr. Chairman: The Congressional Budget Office has 
prepared the enclosed cost estimate for H.R. 822, the 
``National Right-to-Carry Reciprocity Act of 2011.''
    If you wish further details on this estimate, we will be 
pleased to provide them. The CBO staff contact is Mark 
Grabowicz, who can be reached at 226-2860.
            Sincerely,
                                      Douglas W. Elmendorf,
                                                  Director.

Enclosure

cc:
        Honorable John Conyers, Jr.
        Ranking Member
H.R. 822--National Right-to-Carry Reciprocity Act of 2011.



As ordered reported by the House Committee on the Judiciary on 
                        October 25, 2011




    H.R. 822 would permit persons who are authorized to carry 
concealed firearms in their state of residence to carry 
concealed handguns in other states, under certain 
circumstances. The bill also would require the Government 
Accountability Office (GAO) to submit to the Congress a study 
on the laws and regulations of states that currently authorize 
nonresidents to carry concealed handguns.
    Based on the costs of similar GAO activities, CBO estimates 
that implementing H.R. 822 would have no significant cost to 
the Federal Government. Enacting the bill would not affect 
direct spending or revenues; therefore, pay-as-you-go 
procedures do not apply.
    H.R. 822 would impose an intergovernmental mandate as 
defined in the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act (UMRA) by 
preempting some state laws that limit the ability of 
nonresidents to carry concealed weapons. Laws allowing 
individuals to carry concealed weapons vary from state to state 
and range from allowing anyone to carry such weapons without a 
permit to prohibiting nonresidents from carrying concealed 
weapons and requiring residents to complete training and meet 
other conditions before obtaining a permit. Some states 
recognize permits issued by other states and some do not. If 
enacted, the bill would require states that currently do not 
recognize permits to carry concealed weapons issued by other 
states to recognize those permits for nonresidents. The costs 
for states to comply with that mandate would include the cost 
to change protocols and train law enforcement officers.
    The bill also could result in the loss of revenue for some 
states. Currently, some states issue permits to nonresidents 
and charge fees ranging from $20 to $140 for those permits. If 
this bill is enacted and individuals have a permit to carry 
concealed weapons from their resident state, they would no 
longer need to purchase nonresident permits in other states 
they visit. There is no data on how many individuals this may 
affect, but the loss to states that issue nonresident permits 
could total a few million dollars annually.
    CBO estimates that the total costs for states to comply 
with the preemption, including the training costs for law 
enforcement and the lost revenue from the nonresident permit 
fees, would be small and would not exceed the threshold 
established in UMRA ($71 million in 2011, adjusted annually for 
inflation).
    H.R. 822 contains no private-sector mandates as defined in 
UMRA.
    The CBO staff contacts for this estimate are Mark Grabowicz 
(for Federal costs) and Melissa Merrell (for the 
intergovernmental impact). The estimate was approved by Theresa 
Gullo, Deputy Assistant Director for Budget Analysis.

                    Performance Goals and Objectives

    The Committee states that pursuant to clause 3(c)(4) of 
rule XIII of the Rules of the House of Representatives, H.R. 
822 allows persons with valid state-issued concealed firearm 
permits or licenses to carry a concealed firearm in any other 
state that also issues concealed firearm permits or licenses, 
or in any other state that does not generally prohibit the 
carrying of concealed firearms.

                          Advisory on Earmarks

    In accordance with clause 9 of rule XXI of the Rules of the 
House of Representatives, H.R. 822 does not contain any 
congressional earmarks, limited tax benefits, or limited tariff 
benefits as defined in clause 9(e), 9(f), or 9(g) of Rule XXI.

                      Section-by-Section Analysis

    The following discussion describes the bill as reported by 
the Committee.
    Section 1. Short Title. Section 1 states that H.R. 822 may 
be cited as the ``National Right-to-Carry Reciprocity Act of 
2011.''
    Section 2. Reciprocity for the Carrying of Certain 
Concealed Firearms. This section amends Chapter 44 of title 18 
of the U.S. Code to insert after Section 926C a provision to 
provide reciprocity for the carrying of certain concealed 
firearms across state lines. This legislation would allow any 
person with a valid state-issued concealed firearm permit or 
license and a valid government-issued identification document 
to carry a concealed firearm in any other state that either 
issues concealed firearm permits, or that does not prohibit the 
carrying of concealed firearms. Section 2 further provides that 
the laws of a state or political subdivision regarding the 
possession or carrying of concealed firearms would continue to 
apply within its borders, as well as any Federal laws that 
apply to residents of a state. Section 2 also defines 
``identification document'' and provides that the effective 
date of the bill is 90 says after the enactment of the Act.
    Section 3. GAO Audit of the States' Concealed Carry Permit 
of Licensing Requirements for Non-Residents. This section 
directs the Comptroller General to audit the laws of each state 
that issues concealed carry permits or licenses to non-
residents, the number of permits issued to non-residents by 
these states, and the effectiveness of these laws in protecting 
the public safety. This audit is due not more than 1-year after 
enactment of H.R. 822.

         Changes in Existing Law Made by the Bill, as Reported

  In compliance with clause 3(e) of rule XIII of the Rules of 
the House of Representatives, changes in existing law made by 
the bill, as reported, are shown as follows (new matter is 
printed in italic and existing law in which no change is 
proposed is shown in roman):

                      TITLE 18, UNITED STATES CODE

PART I--CRIMES

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *


                          CHAPTER 44--FIREARMS

Sec.
921. Definitions.
     * * * * * * *
926D. Reciprocity for the carrying of certain concealed firearms.

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *


Sec. 926D.   Reciprocity for the carrying of certain concealed firearms

  (a) Notwithstanding any provision of the law of any State or 
political subdivision thereof (except as provided in subsection 
(b)), a person who is not prohibited by Federal law from 
possessing, transporting, shipping, or receiving a firearm, and 
who is carrying a valid identification document containing a 
photograph of the person, and a valid license or permit which 
is issued pursuant to the law of a State and which permits the 
person to carry a concealed firearm, may possess or carry a 
concealed handgun (other than a machinegun or destructive 
device) that has been shipped or transported in interstate or 
foreign commerce, in any State, other than the State of 
residence of the person, that--
          (1) has a statute that allows residents of the State 
        to obtain licenses or permits to carry concealed 
        firearms; or
          (2) does not prohibit the carrying of concealed 
        firearms by residents of the State for lawful purposes.
  (b) The possession or carrying of a concealed handgun in a 
State under this section shall be subject to the same 
conditions and limitations, except as to eligibility to possess 
or carry, imposed by or under Federal or State law or the law 
of a political subdivision of a State, that apply to the 
possession or carrying of a concealed handgun by residents of 
the State or political subdivision who are licensed by the 
State or political subdivision to do so, or not prohibited by 
the State from doing so.
  (c) In subsection (a), the term ``identification document'' 
means a document made or issued by or under the authority of 
the United States Government, a State, or a political 
subdivision of a State which, when completed with information 
concerning a particular individual, is of a type intended or 
commonly accepted for the purpose of identification of 
individuals.

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *