[Senate Report 109-238]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]



                                                       Calendar No. 400
109th Congress                                                   Report
                                 SENATE
 2d Session                                                     109-238

======================================================================



 
                 DOROTHY BUELL MEMORIAL VISITOR CENTER 
                               LEASE ACT

                                _______
                                

                 April 20, 2006.--Ordered to be printed

   Filed, under authority of the order of the Senate of April 7, 2006

                                _______
                                

   Mr. Domenici, from the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, 
                        submitted the following

                              R E P O R T

                         [To accompany S. 1913]

    The Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, to which was 
referred the bill (S. 1913) to authorize the Secretary of the 
Interior to lease a portion of the Dorothy Buell Memorial 
Visitor Center for use as a visitor center for the Indiana 
Dunes National Lakeshore, and for other purposes, having 
considered the same, reports favorably thereon with an 
amendment and recommends that the bill, as amended, do pass.
    The amendment is as follows:
    Strike out all after the enacting clause and insert in lieu 
thereof the following:

SECTION 1. TABLE OF CONTENTS.

  The table of contents of this Act is as follows:

Sec. 1. Table of contents.

             TITLE I--DOROTHY BUELL MEMORIAL VISITOR CENTER

Sec. 101. Short title.
Sec. 102. Definitions.
Sec. 103. Memorandum of understanding.
Sec. 104. Lease agreement.
Sec. 105. Authorization of appropriations.

               TITLE II--PUBLIC LAND TECHNICAL AMENDMENTS

Sec. 201. Short title.
Sec. 202. Gaylord Nelson Wilderness.
Sec. 203. Arlington House land transfer.
Sec. 204. Cumberland Island Wilderness.
Sec. 205. Petrified Forest boundary.
Sec. 206. Commemorative works.
Sec. 207. Ojito Wilderness.

             TITLE I--DOROTHY BUELL MEMORIAL VISITOR CENTER

SEC. 101. SHORT TITLE.

  This title may be cited as the ``Dorothy Buell Memorial Visitor 
Center Lease Act''.

SEC. 102. DEFINITIONS.

  In this title:
          (1) Commission.--The term ``Commission'' means the Porter 
        County Convention, Recreation and Visitor Commission.
          (2) Lakeshore.--The term ``Lakeshore'' means the Indiana 
        Dunes National Lakeshore.
          (3) Lakeshore center.--The term ``Lakeshore Center'' means 
        the visitor center for the Lakeshore authorized under section 
        104(a).
          (4) Memorial center.--The term ``Memorial Center'' means the 
        Dorothy Buell Memorial Visitor Center located south of the 
        Lakeshore boundary on Indiana Route 49.
          (5) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary of 
        the Interior.

SEC. 103. MEMORANDUM OF UNDERSTANDING.

  (a) In General.--The Secretary may enter into a memorandum of 
understanding with the Commission to establish a joint partnership with 
respect to the management of the Memorial Center.
  (b) Requirements.--The memorandum of understanding shall--
          (1) identify the overall goals and purposes of the Memorial 
        Center;
          (2) describe the allocation of management and operational 
        duties between the Secretary and the Commission with respect to 
        the Memorial Center;
          (3) identify how activities of the Memorial Center will be 
        funded;
          (4) identify the parties responsible for providing amenities 
        at the Memorial Center;
          (5) establish procedures for changing or dissolving the joint 
        partnership; and
          (6) address any other issues determined to be appropriate by 
        the Secretary or the Commission.

SEC. 104. LEASE AGREEMENT.

  (a) In General.--After entering into a memorandum of understanding 
under section 103(a), the Secretary may enter into an agreement with 
the Commission to lease space in the Memorial Center for use as a 
visitor center for the Lakeshore.
  (b) Staff.--The Secretary may use employees of the Lakeshore to 
provide visitor information and education at the Lakeshore Center.

SEC. 105. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

  There are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary such sums as 
are necessary to carry out this title.

               TITLE II--PUBLIC LAND TECHNICAL AMENDMENTS

SEC. 201. SHORT TITLE.

  This title may be cited as the ``Public Land Technical Amendments Act 
of 2006''.

SEC. 202. GAYLORD NELSON WILDERNESS.

  (a) Redesignation.--Section 140 of division E of the Consolidated 
Appropriations Act, 2005 (16 U.S.C. 1132 note; Public Law 108-447), is 
amended--
          (1) in subsection (a), by striking ``Gaylord A. Nelson'' and 
        inserting ``Gaylord Nelson''; and
          (2) in subsection (c)(4), by striking ``Gaylord A. Nelson 
        Wilderness'' and inserting ``Gaylord Nelson Wilderness''.
  (b) References.--Any reference in a law, map, regulation, document, 
paper, or other record of the United States to the ``Gaylord A. Nelson 
Wilderness'' shall be deemed to be a reference to the ``Gaylord Nelson 
Wilderness''.

SEC. 203. ARLINGTON HOUSE LAND TRANSFER.

  Section 2863(h)(1) of Public Law 107-107 (115 Stat. 1333) is amended 
by striking ``the George Washington Memorial Parkway'' and inserting 
``Arlington House, the Robert E. Lee Memorial,''.

SEC. 204. CUMBERLAND ISLAND WILDERNESS.

  Section 2(a)(1) of Public Law 97-250 (16 U.S.C. 1132 note; 96 Stat. 
709) is amended by striking ``numbered 640/20,038I, and dated September 
2004'' and inserting ``numbered 640/20,038K, and dated September 
2005''.

SEC. 205. PETRIFIED FOREST BOUNDARY.

  Section 2(1) of the Petrified Forest National Park Expansion Act of 
2004 (16 U.S.C. 119 note) is amended by striking ``numbered 110/80,044, 
and dated July 2004'' and inserting ``numbered 110/80,045, and dated 
January 2005''.

SEC. 206. COMMEMORATIVE WORKS.

  Section 8908(b)(1) of title 40, United States Code, is amended in the 
second sentence by striking ``House Administration'' and inserting 
``Resources''.

SEC. 207. OJITO WILDERNESS.

  Section 2(1) of the Ojito Wilderness Act (16 U.S.C. 1132 note; Public 
Law 109-94) is amended by striking ``October 1, 2004'' and inserting 
``January 24, 2006''.

                         Purpose of the Measure

    The purpose of S. 1913 is to authorize the Secretary of the 
Interior to enter into a partnership with the Porter County 
Convention, Recreation and Visitor Commission to lease space 
within the Commission's Dorothy Buell Visitor Center, and to 
make technical corrections to several national park-related 
measures.

                          Background and Need

    Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore was established by 
Congress in 1966. The 15,067-acre park stretches for 25 miles 
along the shore of Lake Michigan in northwest Indiana.
    For the past 8 years, Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore and 
the Porter County Convention, Recreation and Visitor Commission 
(Porter County) have worked together to find ways to welcome 
visitors to the lakeshore and the county. Both organizations 
currently own visitor centers that are far from the main 
transportation routes between the local Interstate and the 
lakeshore. As a consequence, few people find them or learn 
about the activities and services offered by the lakeshore and 
Porter County.
    In 2003, the park and Porter County met with the public to 
propose a new visitor facility, the Dorothy Buell Memorial 
Visitor Center. State and local governments, local non-profit 
organizations, and the local media endorsed the proposal. Over 
the past few years, the Porter Commission secured funds to 
acquire property and build the center. On November 1, 2005, 
they held a groundbreaking ceremony at a site considered the 
gateway to the lakeshore, the intersection of Indiana 49 and 
U.S. 20. This site is outside the park boundary.
    A recent transportation study suggests that the number of 
visitors to the new visitor facility would be triple the number 
of visitors to existing facilities.
    S. 1913 would authorize the Secretary to enter into a 
Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) with the Porter Commission to 
operate the Visitor Center. The MOU would define the rights and 
responsibilities of both the Secretary and the Commission with 
respect to the operation and management of the Center.

                          Legislative History

    S. 1913 was introduced by Senator Lugar on October 25, 
2005. The Subcommittee on National Parks held a hearing on S. 
1913 on February 16, 2006. At its business meeting on March 8, 
2006, the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources ordered S. 
1913 favorably reported as amended.

                        Committee Recommendation

    The Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, in open 
business session on March 8, 2006, by unanimous voice vote of a 
quorum present, recommends that the Senate pass S. 1913, if 
amended as described herein.

                          Committee Amendment

    During consideration of S. 1913, the Committee adopted an 
amendment in the nature of a substitute. The amendment added 
title II to the bill. Title II makes technical corrections to 
existing laws affecting Apostle Islands National Seashore; 
Arlington House, the Robert E. Lee Memorial; Cumberland Island 
National Seashore; Petrified Forest National Park; the Ojito 
Wilderness in New Mexico; and the Commemorative Works Act.

                      Section-by-Section Analysis


                                TITLE I

    Section 101 names title I as the ``Dorothy Buell Memorial 
Visitor Center Lease Act''.
    Section 102 defines terms.
    Section 103(a) authorizes the Secretary of the Interior to 
enter into a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) with the Porter 
County Convention, Recreation and Visitor Commission.
    Subsection (b) requires that the MOU define the duties, 
rights, and responsibilities of both the Secretary and the 
Commission with respect to the Dorothy Buell Memorial Visitor 
Center.
    Section 104(a) authorizes the Secretary to lease space 
within the Porter County Commission's Visitor Center.
    Subsection (b) authorizes the Secretary to use National 
Park Service employees to staff the center.
    Section 105 authorizes the funds necessary to carry out 
this Act.

                                TITLE II

    Section 201 names title II as the ``Public Land Technical 
Amendments Act of 2006''.
    Section 202 changes the name of the Gaylord A. Nelson 
Wilderness at Apostle Islands National Lakeshore, Wisconsin, to 
the Gaylord Nelson Wilderness.
    Section 203 clarifies that the land transfer in section 
2863 of Public Law 107-107 applies to Arlington House, the 
Robert E. Lee Memorial, and not the George Washington Memorial 
Parkway.
    Section 204 corrects a reference to a map cited in the law 
creating the Cumberland Island Wilderness at Cumberland Island 
National Seashore, Georgia.
    Section 205 corrects a reference to a map in the Petrified 
Forest National Park Expansion Act of 2004.
    Section 206 corrects the name of the House Committee 
referred to in a section of the Commemorative Works Act.
    Section 207 corrects a reference to a map in Public Law 
109-94, the Ojito Wilderness Act.

                   Cost and Budgetary Considerations

    The Congressional Budget Office estimate of the costs of 
this measure has been requested but was not received at the 
time the report was filed. When the report is available, the 
Chairman will request it to be printed in the Congressional 
Record for the advice of the Senate.

                      Regulatory Impact Evaluation

    In compliance with paragraph 11(b) of rule XXVI of the 
Standing Rules of the Senate, the Committee makes the following 
evaluation of the regulatory impact which would be incurred in 
carrying out S. 1913. The bill is not a regulatory measure in 
the sense of imposing Government-established standards or 
significant economic responsibilities on private individuals 
and businesses.
    No personal information would be collected in administering 
the program. Therefore, there would be no impact on personal 
privacy.
    Little, if any, additional paperwork would result from the 
enactment of S. 1913, as ordered reported.

                        Executive Communications

    The views of the Administration on S. 1913 were included in 
testimony received by the Committee at a hearing on the bill on 
February 16, 2006. This testimony follows:

   Statement of John Parsons, Associate Regional Director, National 
   Capital Region, National Park Service, Department of the Interior

    Mr. Chairman and members of the subcommittee, thank you for 
the opportunity to appear before you today to present the 
Department of the Interior's views on S. 1913, a bill to 
authorize the Secretary of the Interior to lease a portion of 
the Dorothy Buell Memorial Visitor Center for use as a visitor 
center for the Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore. The Department 
strongly supports enactment of S. 1913. The Administration 
transmitted a similar proposal to Congress on September 30, 
2005.
    S. 1913 would authorize the National Park Service (NPS) to 
use federally appropriated funds to lease space in the Dorothy 
Buell Memorial Visitor Center, a new visitor facility being 
built by the Porter County Convention, Recreation and Visitor 
Commission (PCCRVC) outside the boundary of Indiana Dunes 
National Lakeshore (national lakeshore). It would also 
authorize the Secretary of the Interior to enter into a 
Memorandum of Understanding with the Porter County Convention, 
Recreation and Visitor Commission prior to entering into a 
lease agreement. The Memorandum of Understanding would outline 
the terms of the joint partnership, including cooperative 
management of the new visitor facility and sharing of 
operational activities.
    The new Dorothy Buell Memorial Visitor Center is located 
approximately three quarters of a mile south of the national 
lakeshore boundary on IN 49, the principal north/south artery 
into the national lakeshore. It will be owned by the PCCRVC and 
space will be leased to the national lakeshore. The two parties 
will jointly plan and staff the new visitor center and offer 
``one-stop shopping'' for the visitor with exhibits and theater 
space to educate them about the resources found in the park, 
aspects of threatened and endangered species management, 
habitat preservation, and wetlands restoration.
    In 1998, the national lakeshore and the PCCRVC began to 
explore the concept of a joint visitor center to be shared by 
the PCCRVC, the national lakeshore, and the Indiana Dunes State 
Park. Both the national lakeshore and the PCCRVC suffer from 
low visitation at their respective visitor centers due to their 
poor locations away from the primary thoroughfares. Only about 
66,000 visitors to the national lakeshore, just 3 percent of 
the park's 2 million visitors, travel to the existing visitor 
center each year. Because of the existing visitor center's 
inconvenient location, size, and layout, the national 
lakeshore's General Management Plan recommended relocating the 
existing visitor center to the more heavily traveled IN 49 
corridor. The old visitor center would then be used exclusively 
for school programs, which the national lakeshore currently 
hosts for over 50,000 students per year.
    A partnership to acquire land for a new site was initiated. 
A more prominent location outside the national lakeshore but 
within the primary travel corridor to the dunes was selected. 
Using a series of Transportation Enhancement grants, the PCCRVC 
purchased the land and secured a contract for construction. The 
site for the new facility will be the cornerstone of a small 
commercial center.
    A transportation study indicated that the new visitor 
facility would increase revenue to the area by $24 million and 
visitor center visitation by over 300 percent. Commercial tour 
bus operators would be advised of the new visitor center and 
could include it as the first stop on their way into the 
national lakeshore or state park for information and 
orientation to the area. Local schools also would be directed 
to the new visitor facility to begin their educational trips to 
the national lakeshore. Visitor contact facilities and waysides 
within both the national lakeshore and the state park would 
provide information regarding the new visitor facility and list 
its location.
    S. 1913 would provide authority to Indiana Dunes National 
Lakeshore to expend federally appropriated funds outside the 
boundaries of the park in order to lease space for exhibits, 
offices, a book store, and a theatre from PCCRVC. It would also 
authorize the expenditure of funds for the planning, design and 
development of exhibits to be placed in the new facility in the 
NPS-leased space and provide NPS staff for visitor information 
and education.
    Passage of S. 1913 would have minimal impact on the park's 
current budget. The space that would be leased by the NPS 
includes room for exhibits, offices, a theatre, and a book 
store that would be operated by the national lakeshore's 
cooperating association. Park staff would be relocated to the 
new visitor facility to provide education and information, so 
no additional FTEs are required or expected as a result of this 
proposal. The national lakeshore will continue to participate 
in the development of the new visitor facility's design plans, 
providing input for enhancing visitor flow and sustainability 
and offering technical advice on issues such as native 
landscaping.
    A one-time cost of approximately $1,200,000 would be needed 
to design, construct, and install exhibits in space leased for 
the national lakeshore. The NPS would include the project in 
the next update of its five-year construction plan. Annual 
lease payments would be approximately $70,000. This cost 
increase would be offset within the park's base budget with a 
reduction in lower priorities, so no additional operational 
funding would be requested or expected.
    Two million visitors travel to Indiana Dunes National 
Lakeshore each year. Many of them are from the Chicago 
metropolitan area and are often unaware that the national 
lakeshore is a unit of the National Park System. By relocating 
the primary visitor contact point to a more prominent location, 
the park would have the opportunity to contact and educate four 
times as many visitors regarding the national lakeshore's 
programs and resources as well as helping them understand the 
mission of the National Park Service.
    Mr. Chairman, thank you for the opportunity to comment. 
This concludes my prepared remarks and I will be happy to 
answer any questions you or other committee members might have.

                        Changes in Existing Law

    In compliance with paragraph 12 of rule XXVI of the 
Standing Rules of the Senate, changes in existing law made by 
the bill S. 1913, as ordered reported, as shown as follows 
(existing law proposed to be omitted is enclosed in black 
brackets, new matter is printed in italic, existing law in 
which no change is proposed is shown in roman):

                   Public Law 108-447, 108th Congress


AN ACT Making appropriations for foreign operations, export financing, 
and related programs for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2005, and 
                          for other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of 
the United States of America in Congress assembled,

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *


      DIVISION E--DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR AND RELATED AGENCIES 
                        APPROPRIATIONS ACT, 2005


TITLE I--DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *


    Sec. 140. (a) Short Title.--This section may be cited as 
the ``[Gaylord A. Nelson] Gaylord Nelson Apostle Islands 
National Lakeshore Wilderness Act''.
    (b) Definitions.--In this section:
          (1) Map.--The term ``map'' means the map entitled 
        ``Apostle Islands Lakeshore Wilderness'', numbered 633/
        80,058 and dated September 17, 2004.
          (2) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the 
        Secretary of the Interior.
          (3) High-water mark.--The term ``high-water mark'' 
        means the point on the bank or shore up to which the 
        water, by its presence and action or flow, leaves a 
        distinct mark indicated by erosion, destruction of or 
        change in vegetation or other easily recognizable 
        characteristic.
    (c) Designation of Apostle Islands National Lakeshore 
Wilderness.--
          (1) Designation.--Certain lands comprising 
        approximately 33,500 acres within the Apostle Islands 
        National Lakeshore, as generally depicted on the map 
        referred to in subsection (b), are hereby designated as 
        wilderness in accordance with section 3(c) of the 
        Wilderness Act (16 U.S.C. 1132), and therefore as 
        components of the National Wilderness Preservation 
        System.
          (2) Map and description.--
                  (A) The map referred to in subsection (b) 
                shall be on file and available for public 
                inspection in the appropriate offices of the 
                National Park Service.
                  (B) As soon as practical after enactment of 
                this section, the Secretary shall submit a 
                description of the boundary of the wilderness 
                areas to the Committee on Energy and Natural 
                Resources of the Senate and the Committee on 
                Resources of the United States House of 
                Representatives.
                  (C) The map and description shall have the 
                same force and effect as if included in this 
                section, except that the Secretary may correct 
                clerical and typographical errors in the 
                description and maps.
          (3) Boundary of the wilderness.--Any portion of 
        wilderness designated in paragraph (c)(1) that is 
        bordered by Lake Superior shall use as its boundary the 
        high-water mark.
          (4) Naming.--The wilderness area designated by this 
        section shall be known as the [Gaylord A. Nelson 
        National Wilderness] Gaylord Nelson Wilderness.

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *

                              ----------                              


                   Public Law 107-107, 107th Congress


 AN ACT To authorize appropriations for fiscal year 2002 for military 
activities of the Department of Defense, for military construction, and 
   for defense activities of the Department of Energy, to prescribe 
personnel strengths for such fiscal year for the Armed Forces, and for 
other purposes.

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *


SEC. 2863. ALTERNATIVE SITE FOR UNITED STATES AIR FORCE MEMORIAL, 
                    PRESERVATION OF OPEN SPACE ON ARLINGTON RIDGE 
                    TRACT, AND RELATED LAND TRANSFER AT ARLINGTON 
                    NATIONAL CEMETERY, VIRGINIA.

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *


    (h) Land Transfer, Section 29.--
          (1) Transfer required.--Not later than 30 days after 
        the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of 
        the Interior shall transfer, without reimbursement, to 
        the Secretary of the Army administrative jurisdiction 
        over that portion of Section 29 designated as the 
        interment zone and consisting of approximately 12 
        acres. The Secretary of the Interior shall modify the 
        boundaries of [the George Washington Memorial Parkway] 
        Arlington House, the Robert E. Lee Memorial as may be 
        necessary to reflect the land transfer required by this 
        subsection.
                              ----------                              


                    Public Law 97-250, 97th Congress


  AN ACT To correct the boundary of Crater Lake National Park in the 
                State of Oregon, and for other purposes.

    Be enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of 
the United States of America in Congress assembled,

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *


``SEC. 2. CUMBERLAND ISLAND WILDERNESS.

    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:
          ``(1) Map.--The term `map' means the map entitled 
        `Cumberland Island Wilderness', [numbered 640/20,038I, 
        and dated September 2004] numbered 640/20,038K and 
        dated September 2005.
          ``(2) Secretary.--The term `Secretary' means the 
        Secretary of the Interior.
          ``(3) Wildnerness.--The term `Wilderness' means the 
        Cumberland Island Wilderness established by subsection 
        (b).
          ``(4) Potential wildnerness.--The term `Potential 
        Wilderness' means the 10,500 acres of potential 
        wilderness described in subsection (c)(2), but does not 
        include the area at the north

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *

                              ----------                              


                   Public Law 108-430, 108th Congress


AN ACT To revise the boundary of the Petrified Forest National Park in 
             the State of Arizona, and for other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of 
the United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Petrified Forest National 
Park Expansion Act of 2004''.

SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS.

    In this Act:
          (1) Map.--The term ``map'' means the map entitled 
        ``Proposed Boundary Adjustments, Petrified Forest 
        National Park'', [numbered 110/80,044, and dated July 
        2004] numbered 110/80,045, and dated January 2005.
          (2) Park.--The term ``Park'' means the Petrified 
        Forest National Park in the State.
          (3) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the 
        Secretary of the Interior.
          (4) State.--The term ``State'' means the State of 
        Arizona.

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *

                              ----------                              --
--------


                          40 U.S.C. Sec. 8908


            TITLE 40--PUBLIC BUILDINGS, PROPERTY, AND WORKS

                Subtitle II--Public Buildings and Works

    PART D--PUBLIC BUILDINGS, GROUNDS, AND PARKS IN THE DISTRICT OF 
                                COLUMBIA


     CHAPTER 89--NATIONAL CAPITAL MEMORIALS AND COMMEMORATIVE WORKS


SEC. 8908. AREAS I AND II

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *


    (b) Specific Conditions Applicable to Area I and Area II.--
          (1) Area i.--After seeking the advice of the National 
        Capital Memorial Commission, the Secretary or 
        Administrator, as appropriate, may recommend the 
        location of a commemorative work in Area I only if the 
        Secretary or Administrator decides that the subject of 
        the commemorative work is of preeminent historical and 
        lasting significance to the United States. The 
        Secretary or Administrator shall notify the Commission, 
        the Committee on [House Administration] Resources of 
        the House of Representatives, and the Committee

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *

                              ----------                              --
--------


                   Public Law 109-94, 109th Congress


 AN ACT To designate the Ojito Wilderness Study Area as wilderness, to 
   take certain land into trust for the Pueblo of Zia, and for other 
                               purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of 
the United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Ojito Wilderness Act''.

SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS.

    In this Act:
          (1) Map.--The term ``map'' means the map entitled 
        ``Ojito Wilderness Act'' and dated [October 1, 2004] 
        January 24, 2006.
          (2) Pueblo.--The term ``Pueblo'' means the Pueblo of 
        Zia.
          (3) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the 
        Secretary of the Interior.
          (4) State.--The term ``State'' means the State of New 
        Mexico.

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *


                                  
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