[Senate Report 107-58]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
Calendar No. 147
107th Congress Report
SENATE
1st Session 107-58
======================================================================
FOREIGN OPERATIONS, EXPORT FINANCING, AND RELATED PROGRAMS
APPROPRIATION BILL, 2002
_______
September 4, 2001.--Ordered to be printed
_______
Mr. Leahy, from the Committee on Appropriations,
submitted the following
R E P O R T
[To accompany H.R. 2506]
The Committee on Appropriations to which was referred the
bill (H.R. 2506), making appropriations for Foreign operations
and related programs for the fiscal year ending September 30,
2002, and for other purposes, reports the same to the Senate
with an amendment and recommends that the bill as amended do
pass.
Amounts in new budget authority
Fiscal year 2001 appropriations \1\..................... $14,941,168,000
Fiscal year 2002 budget estimate........................ 15,227,631,000
House allowance......................................... 15,212,173,000
Amount of bill as reported to Senate.................... 15,568,880,000
Bill as recommended to Senate compared to:
2001 appropriations................................. +627,712,000
Budget estimate..................................... +341,249,000
House allowance..................................... +356,707,000
\1\ Does not reflect the 0.22 percent rescission.
C O N T E N T S
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Page
Summary of total budget authority in the bill.................... 4
Introduction..................................................... 4
Title I--Export assistance:
Export-Import Bank of the United States...................... 5
Overseas Private Investment Corporation...................... 5
Trade and Development Agency................................. 6
Title II--Bilateral economic assistance:
Bilateral assistance......................................... 7
Child Survival and Health Programs Fund...................... 7
Development assistance....................................... 13
International disaster assistance............................ 34
Transition initiatives....................................... 35
Development credit authority................................. 35
Operating expenses........................................... 36
Payment to the Foreign Service retirement and disability fund 36
Operating expenses of the United States Agency for
International Development.................................. 36
Operating expenses of the Office of Inspector General........ 37
Other bilateral economic assistance.......................... 37
Economic Support Fund.................................... 37
Assistance for Eastern Europe and the Baltic States...... 39
Assistance for the Independent States of the former
Soviet Union........................................... 41
Independent Agencies......................................... 45
Peace Corps.............................................. 45
African Development Foundation........................... 46
Inter-American Foundation................................ 46
Department of State:
International narcotics control and law enforcement...... 46
Andean Counterdrug Initiative............................ 47
Migration and refugee assistance......................... 51
Emergency refugee and migration assistance fund.......... 52
Nonproliferation, antiterrorism, demining, and related
programs............................................... 53
Department of Treasury:
International affairs technical assistance............... 55
Global fund to combat HIV/AIDS, malaria, and tuberculosis 55
Debt restructuring....................................... 55
Title III--Military assistance:
International military education and training................ 56
Foreign military financing................................... 57
Peacekeeping operations...................................... 58
Title IV--Multilateral economic assistance:
International Financial Institutions Summary................. 59
International Bank for Reconstruction and Development........ 60
Global Environment Facility.................................. 60
Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency..................... 61
Inter-American Development Bank.............................. 61
Asian Development Fund....................................... 61
African Development Bank..................................... 61
Africa Development Fund...................................... 61
European Bank for Reconstruction and Development............. 61
International Fund for Agriculture Development............... 61
International Organizations and Programs..................... 62
Title V--General provisions...................................... 64
Compliance with paragraph 7, rule XVI of the standing rules of
the Senate..................................................... 67
Compliance with paragraph 7(c), rule XXVI of the standing rules
of the Senate.................................................. 67
Compliance with paragraph 12, rule XXVI of the standing rules of
the
Senate......................................................... 68
Budget impact statement.......................................... 72
SUMMARY TABLE: AMOUNTS IN NEW BUDGET AUTHORITY
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Committee
recommendation
Committee compared with
Item Budget estimate recommendation budget estimate
increase (+) or
decrease (-)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Export assistance....................................... $485,955,000 $604,955,000 +$119,000,000
Economic assistance--bilateral.......................... 9,456,880,000 9,679,529,000 +222,649,000
Military assistance..................................... 3,889,000,000 3,889,000,000 ..................
Economic assistance..................................... 1,395,796,000 1,395,396,000 -4,600,000
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INTRODUCTION
In fiscal year 2001, the Committee appropriated
$14,941,168,000 for foreign operations and related programs.\1\
This year, the Committee has provided $15,568,880,000, of which
$15,524,000,000 is for discretionary spending and $44,880,000
is for mandatory spending.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Does not reflect the 0.22 percent rescission.
TITLE I
EXPORT ASSISTANCE
Export-Import Bank of the United States
SUBSIDY APPROPRIATION
Appropriations, 2001.................................... $865,000,000
Budget estimate, 2002................................... 633,323,000
House allowance......................................... 738,323,000
Committee recommendation................................ 753,323,000
ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES
Appropriations, 2001.................................... $62,000,000
Budget estimate, 2002................................... 65,000,000
House allowance......................................... 60,000,000
Committee recommendation................................ 64,000,000
The Committee provides $753,323,000 for a subsidy
appropriation for the Export-Import Bank. This is $120,000,000
above the request and $111,677,000 below the fiscal year 2001
level.
The Administration's budget request is $231,677,000 below
the fiscal year 2001 level. Of this reduction, approximately
$112,000,000 is due to changes in risk factors as estimated by
the Office of Management and Budget and required by the Federal
Credit Reform Act. This leaves approximately $120,000,000 in
cuts that are in addition to those that result from the
reassessment of risk. The Committee restores this $120,000,000
with the understanding that a total subsidy appropriation of
$753,323,000 will support a projected level of Export-Import
Bank authorizations of $12,400,000,000 in fiscal year 2002.
This is approximately $1,000,000,000 higher than the projected
authorizations that would be supported by the request, and
approximately $2,000,000,000 higher than the estimated fiscal
year 2001 level.
The Committee provides $64,000,000 for administrative
expenses, which is $1,000,000 below the request and $2,000,000
above the fiscal year 2001 level.
Overseas Private Investment Corporation
SUBSIDY APPROPRIATION
DIRECT LOANS
Appropriations, 2001.................................... $24,000,000
Budget estimate, 2002...................................................
House allowance.........................................................
Committee recommendation................................................
ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES
Appropriations, 2001.................................... $38,000,000
Budget estimate, 2002................................... 38,608,000
House allowance......................................... 38,608,000
Committee recommendation................................ 38,608,000
The Committee has not provided a subsidy appropriation for
the Overseas Private Investment Corporation (OPIC) for direct
and guaranteed loan credit programs, and includes $38,608,000
for administrative expenses. This level is equal to the
Administration's budget request.
OPIC subsidy appropriations are available for two years,
and OPIC has $24,000,000 in carryover funds available for use
in fiscal year 2002. Therefore, the Committee recommendation
should not result in a reduction from last year's program
level. The Committee recognizes that appropriations will be
required next year.
The Committee strongly endorses the House report language
encouraging OPIC to provide increased support within the energy
sector for investments using American cleaner and renewable
energy technology.
Trade and Development Agency
Appropriations, 2001.................................... $50,000,000
Budget estimate, 2002................................... 50,024,000
House allowance......................................... 50,024,000
Committee recommendation................................ 50,024,000
The Committee provides $50,024,000 for the Trade and
Development Agency. This amount is $24,000 above the fiscal
year 2001 level and equal to the request.
TITLE II
BILATERAL ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE
Funds Appropriated to the President
UNITED STATES AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT
bilateral economic assistance
Appropriations, 2001.................................... $3,229,989,000
Supplemental funding................................ 90,000,000
Budget estimate, 2002................................... 3,179,380,000
House allowance......................................... 3,356,380,000
Committee recommendation................................ 3,631,380,000
The amounts listed in the above table for fiscal year 2001
appropriations, the fiscal year 2002 budget estimate, and the
Committee recommendation include funds appropriated or
requested under child survival and health programs, development
assistance, USAID operating expenses, Inspector General
operating expenses, mandatory retirement expenses,
international disaster assistance, transition initiatives and
credit programs.
Restoring a long-standing practice, the Committee has
provided funding for the African Development Foundation and
Inter-American Foundation under ``Independent Agencies'' rather
than the ``Development Assistance'' account.
CHILD SURVIVAL AND HEALTH PROGRAMS FUND
Appropriations, 2001.................................... $963,000,000
Budget estimate, 2002................................... 991,000,000
House allowance......................................... 1,425,000,000
Committee recommendation................................ 1,455,500,000
The Committee provides $1,455,500,000 for the renamed
``Child Survival and Health Programs Fund''. These funds are
available for programs and activities to reduce child mortality
and morbidity, combat infectious diseases, and address a wide
range of other public health problems around the world. The
Committee reiterates its strong support for a comprehensive
approach to global health, with an emphasis on building local
capacity in developing countries to conduct effective
surveillance and deliver basic health services.
The Committee notes that in fiscal year 2001, $103,000,000
for children's basic education was included in the Child
Survival and Disease Programs Fund. It is now funded at a level
of $135,000,000 in the Development Assistance account. In
fiscal year 2001, $425,000,000 for reproductive health was
included in the Development Assistance, Economic Support Fund
(ESF), Assistance for Eastern Europe and the Baltic States
(SEED), and Independent States of the former Soviet Union (FSU)
accounts. It is now funded at a level of $450,000,000 in the
Child Survival and Health Programs Fund, and the ESF, SEED and
FSU accounts.
HIV/AIDS
It is now widely recognized that the HIV/AIDS pandemic
poses the greatest public health threat in over half a
millennium. For reasons expressed in prior reports, the
Committee is of the view that the response of the international
community to this crisis has been woefully inadequate. For
fiscal year 2002, the Committee has provided $415,000,000 in
the Child Survival and Health Programs Fund for programs to
combat HIV/AIDS. Of this amount, $375,000,000 is for USAID
programs. The remaining $40,000,000 is for a United States
contribution to a Global Fund to combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and
tuberculosis, to be added to $10,000,000 in carryover fiscal
year 2001 Child Survival and Disease Program funds, for a total
contribution to the Global Fund in fiscal year 2002 of
$50,000,000.
In addition to the appropriation for HIV/AIDS in the Child
Survival and Health Programs Fund, the Committee expects
$25,000,000 to be provided for HIV/AIDS programs from the ESF,
SEED, and FSU accounts in fiscal year 2002. The Committee
expects that these funds will be obligated and disbursed far
more rapidly than in the past. The total amount provided in the
bill in fiscal year 2002 for HIV/AIDS is $450,000,000.
The Committee also notes the recent action by Congress to
provide $100,000,000 in fiscal year 2001 supplemental funds for
an initial U.S. contribution to the Global Fund.
Foreign Operations Appropriations for HIV/AIDS--107th Congress
Legislation Amount
Fiscal Year 2001 Supplemental Appropriation: Global Fund $100,000,000
Fiscal Year 2002 Committee Recommendation:
USAID............................................... 375,000,000
State Department (ESF, SEED, FSU)................... 25,000,000
Global Fund......................................... 50,000,000
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____________________________________________________
Total............................................. 550,000,000
The Committee believes that the first priority for these
funds should be to support HIV/AIDS prevention programs, in
order to reduce the number of new infections and save lives.
However, the Committee also believes that funds should be
increasingly used to support HIV/AIDS treatment programs,
including programs to facilitate access by infected persons to
anti-retroviral drugs. The Committee is aware of the concern
that some HIV/AIDS affected countries, especially those in sub-
Saharan Africa, lack the capacity to effectively use additional
funds for the prevention and treatment of HIV/AIDS. The
Committee believes that where local capacity is lacking, USAID
should provide resources to build that capacity so HIV/AIDS
programs can reach people in need.
The Committee believes strongly that the urgency and
magnitude of the HIV/AIDS crisis requires that USAID pursue all
available options and authorities to ensure the most cost-
effective utilization of available resources to produce the
greatest possible impact in stemming the pandemic.
Microbicides.--The Committee welcomes progress by USAID and
other Federal agencies to coordinate efforts to develop topical
microbicides to prevent the spread of HIV. However, the
Committee remains concerned that this work has not received the
support it deserves. Microbicide products, while not yet
available, are being tested in several countries and have the
potential to be particularly important for women, whose risk of
HIV/STD infection is high and whose control over existing
prevention options is low. USAID has a demonstrated advantage
in enhancing the feasibility of successful clinical trials
through site infrastructure development and product
introduction in countries with limited resources. For fiscal
year 2002, USAID should provide at least $15,000,000 for
microbicides research and development, and the Committee
expects these funds to be managed by the Director of the
USAID's HIV/AIDS Division.
Media Training.--The Committee believes that more education
about the causes, effects, and treatment of HIV/AIDS is needed
in many areas, especially sub-Saharan Africa. One promising way
to increase knowledge about the disease is through accurate and
unbiased media reporting, which is lacking in many parts of
Africa. The Committee recommends that USAID make available at
least $2,000,000 in fiscal year 2002 for an independent media
training program in sub-Saharan Africa. The program should be
conducted by an organization with a demonstrated record of
training journalists, assisting in the development of
independent radio/television stations, and producing public
service announcements on HIV/AIDS and related issues.
Nurse Training.--The Committee believes that far more
emphasis should be given to training nurses to cope with the
HIV/AIDS crisis in sub-Saharan Africa. Because of the acute
shortage of African doctors, nurses are often the first and
only contact that people have with the health care system. The
Committee urges USAID to fund an appropriate American school of
nursing to establish an AIDS care and counseling program for
African nurses, who can then train other nurses and community
health workers in prevention, surveillance, testing, home care,
and case management services.
Nyumbani.--For many years, the Committee has been impressed
by the work of the Nyumbani orphanage in Nairobi, which cares
for HIV-positive infants. The Committee believes the Nyumbani
orphanage merits continued support from USAID, and recommends
$150,000 in fiscal year 2002. In addition, the Committee is
aware of a new Nyumbani initiative called ``Village in Hope,''
to provide housing and care to two other HIV-affected groups--
the elderly, who through the ravages of AIDS no longer have
children to support them, and AIDS-orphaned youth. Each group,
living together, would share support and security. The
Committee believes this proposal also deserves USAID's serious
consideration for funding in fiscal year 2002.
Father John Anthony Kaiser.--The Committee encourages USAID
to provide funding for activities in rural Kenya that continue
the work of the late Father John Anthony Kaiser, including
support for rural schools, orphanages and health clinics, and
the care and treatment of HIV-infected children and children
orphaned by AIDS.
Protection of Women and Girls.--The Committee recognizes
that the vulnerability of women and girls to HIV/AIDS infection
is increased, in part, due to a lack of economic opportunities,
culturally defined gender roles, and widespread violence
against women. As a result, women have accounted for more than
half of the AIDS-related deaths since the beginning of the
pandemic. The Committee urges USAID's Women in Development
office to ensure that HIV/AIDS programs take into account the
specific impact of the disease on women and girls.
UNAIDS.--The Committee expects USAID to increase support
for the work of UNAIDS, which plays a key coordination role in
the global effort to design national AIDS plans, expand access
to HIV drugs, set standards for vaccine trials, and collect
data that is critical in combating the HIV/AIDS pandemic.
Teacher Training.--The Committee recognizes that prevention
programs in schools and teacher training initiatives on HIV/
AIDS issues can play an important role in reducing the spread
of the virus. The Committee expects that these types of
programs will be part of bilateral and multilateral prevention
efforts.
OTHER INFECTIOUS DISEASES
The Committee has provided $175,000,000 for programs to
combat other infectious diseases, to strengthen disease
surveillance, and to reduce anti-microbial resistance in
developing countries. This is the fifth year of a congressional
initiative begun in fiscal year 1998, which has resulted in
additional appropriations of over $250,000,000 for these
activities.
Tuberculosis.--The Committee recommends at least
$70,000,000 to combat tuberculosis (TB), including $55,000,000
from the Child Survival and Health Programs Fund and at least
$15,000,000 from the ESF, SEED, and FSU accounts. The Committee
expects funds for TB from the ESF, SEED, and FSU accounts will
be obligated and disbursed rapidly. The Committee recommends
that USAID provide $2,000,000 to the Gorgas Memorial Institute
Initiative for Tuberculosis Control. The Committee also notes
that bilateral programs designed with the World Health
Organization and American Lung Association have been effective
in dealing with TB in developing nations and encourages USAID
to continue to support these efforts.
Malaria.--The Committee recommends at least $55,000,000 in
Development Assistance funds for programs to combat malaria, a
debilitating disease that afflicts an estimated 500 million
people each year, of whom 1 million die, mostly Africans.
UNITED NATIONS CHILDREN'S FUND (UNICEF)
The Committee supports efforts to reach the child survival
goals set by the World Summit for Children. In order to
implement these goals, the Committee recommends that
$120,000,000 of the funds provided under the Child Survival and
Health Programs Fund be provided as a contribution to UNICEF.
This does not preclude USAID from providing additional funding
for specific UNICEF projects as may be appropriate.
IMMUNIZATIONS
The Committee is aware that at least 3 million children die
each year because they do not receive life-saving
immunizations. Last year, Congress recommended that up to
$50,000,000 be provided as an initial U.S. contribution to the
Global Fund for Children's Vaccines in support of the Global
Alliance for Children's Vaccines (GAVI). The Global Fund, now
named The Vaccine Fund, provides resources to support the
international, public and private partnership recommendations
of GAVI. Since its inception a year ago, more than $600,000,000
for 36 countries has been committed for immunization programs
over the next 3 years, potentially saving as many as 1.5
million lives a year. The Committee strongly supports continued
funding for this program and recommends up to $50,500,000 for
The Vaccine Fund in fiscal year 2002.
SAFE INJECTIONS
The Committee notes that many of the 12 billion injections
that are given each year in the world are unsafe. Of particular
concern is the reuse of injection equipment without
sterilization, a common practice in developing countries. The
Committee recommends not less than $1,000,000 to develop and
implement effective strategies to improve injection safety,
including developing and promoting technologies that improve
the safety of injections provided for preventive and curative
services; developing environmentally sound, reasonable priced
methods for improving the safety of the disposal of used
injection supplies; and launching an intensive 5-year
communication initiative, in conjunction with WHO, UNICEF and
the GAVI Advocacy Task Force, to promote the safe and
appropriate use of injections.
The Committee emphasizes that it is important that
injection safety is not perceived as an entirely separate
initiative, but as one important element of an overall
integrated effort to improve the quality of health service
delivery. The Committee requests that USAID's efforts to
improve injection safety be discussed in USAID's annual Child
Survival Report to Congress.
IODINE DEFICIENCY DISORDERS
The Committee is aware that iodine deficiency disorder
(IDD) is the leading preventable cause of mental retardation in
children. Problems associated with IDD are particularly of
concern in Africa, Asia, and in the former Soviet republics.
Private funding raised by Kiwanis International and implemented
by UNICEF is already preventing the mental retardation of more
than 10 million children a year. In order to help meet the IDD
goals, the Committee recommends that USAID provide a total of
at least $2,250,000 from the Child Survival and Health Programs
Fund, and $2,500,000 from the FSU and SEED accounts through the
Kiwanis/UNICEF IDD partnership program.
VITAMIN A AND OTHER MICRONUTRIENTS
The Committee supports increased funding for the vitamin A
deficiency program, as more than 250 million children are
vitamin A deficient, increasing their risk of severe illness,
blindness, and death. Vitamin A is a low cost solution to
easily preventable diseases. Like last year, the Committee
recommends at least $30,000,000 for the overall USAID
micronutrient program, allowing for an increase in funding for
programs related to vitamin A deficiency.
POLIO ERADICATION
The Committee again recommends $30,000,000 for the
multilateral effort to eradicate polio, an extraordinary
public-private effort which is expected to take another 3 to 4
years.
BLIND CHILDREN
According to the World Health Organization, there are 1.5
million blind children around the world and another 7 million
children who suffer from impaired vision. The Committee
recognizes the work being done by Helen Keller Worldwide, the
International Eye Foundation, and other organizations to assist
these children, who can be helped with simple and inexpensive
methods of prevention and treatment. The Committee is concerned
with the slow pace of obligation and disbursement of funds
appropriated for blind children in the past, and expects USAID
to provide $1,300,000 for such programs in fiscal year 2002.
PROGRAMS TO ASSIST THE VISUALLY IMPAIRED IN SOUTHEAST ASIA
The Committee is concerned with the large number of blind
and visually and hearing impaired children and adults in
Southeast Asia. The Committee is aware that organizations such
as Helen Keller Worldwide have initiated cost-effective
programs to address these needs in Vietnam and Cambodia. The
Committee urges USAID to expand funding for similar programs in
the region.
ORPHANS AND DISPLACED CHILDREN FUND
The Committee recommends $12,000,000 for the Displaced
Children and Orphans Fund. The Committee has again provided
authority to use up to $25,000 in program funds for displaced
and orphaned children and victims of war, to enable the USAID
office responsible for the design and management of these
programs to monitor and oversee their implementation. USAID is
also encouraged to use other operating expense funds, as
necessary, to further the effectiveness of the oversight of
these programs.
FAMILY PLANNING/REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH
The Committee has provided $450,000,000 for family
planning/reproductive health programs within the Child Survival
and Health Programs Fund. The Committee notes that this is
$25,000,000 above the Administration's request and equal to the
amount provided in fiscal year 1995. The Committee believes
that it is important for the United States to provide more
support for family planning services in developing countries,
where 95 percent of new births will occur. This support should
include expanding access to and the use of quality family
planning information and services, to enable individuals and
couples to avoid unintended pregnancies and other risks to
reproductive health, including those associated with pregnancy,
sexually transmitted infections and HIV/AIDS. Of this amount,
$395,000,000 is to come from the Child Survival and Health
Programs Fund, and $55,000,000 from the ESF, SEED, and FSU
accounts. In the past, funds designated for family planning/
reproductive health from the ESF, SEED, and FSU accounts have
been obligated and disbursed on an exceedingly slow timetable.
The Committee expects that the rate of expenditures will
improve dramatically, and that funds will be disbursed rapidly
this year.
The Committee recognizes that unchecked population growth
is a major cause of environmental degradation, and urges USAID
to develop performance goals and indicators which promote
cross-sectoral collaboration on community-based population-
health-environment programs.
The Committee supports organizations such as the Population
Media Center, which promotes the use of mass media to educate
people in developing countries about the personal benefits of
family planning, encourage the use of effective measures to
prevent transmission of HIV, and adopt other health measures.
MATERNAL HEALTH
The Committee is aware that pregnancy-related deaths exceed
600,000 annually, most of which are preventable. Like last
year, the Committee recommends $50,000,000 for maternal health
activities, and that additional funding be made available
specifically to reduce pregnancy-related deaths. The Committee
is aware of the efforts of the Haitian Health Foundation (HHF)
to provide health care, including the treatment of women with
high risk pregnancies, to over 200,000 people in Haiti. The
Committee recommends that USAID support its work.
MEDICAL EQUIPMENT
The Committee supports efforts by organizations, including
International Medical Equipment Collaborative, to deliver
donated medical equipment and supplies to under-served clinics
in developing countries. The Committee urges USAID to give
serious consideration to proposals for funding from these
organizations.
The Committee recognizes the work of Mobility International
USA to develop a disability inclusive policy in Vietnam, and
recommends that USAID consider supporting such an initiative
with up to $300,000.
The Committee supports the work of the International
Foundation for the Reduction of Infectious Diseases to provide
hospitals in developing countries with technologies to protect
hospital workers against a dangerous viruses.
DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE
Appropriations, 2001.................................... $1,305,000,000
Budget estimate, 2002................................... 1,325,000,000
House allowance......................................... 1,098,000,000
Committee recommendation................................ 1,235,000,000
The Development Assistance account consists of a wide
variety of poverty-reduction and long-term development
activities including free market development, agriculture and
rural development, urban programs, environment and energy,
basic education, micro-credit, and democracy and the rule of
law.
GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT ALLIANCE
The Committee is aware of the preliminary outlines of
USAID's ``Global Development Alliance'' (GDA) proposal, which
builds on recent USAID experience of partnering with private
organizations (including private companies, foundations, and
private and voluntary organizations) to accomplish development
objectives.
The Committee generally supports the concept of linking
Federal and private resources to achieve development goals.
USAID's financial and human resources, particularly the
expertise of its field missions, have the potential, when
coupled with resources from non-Federal sources, to greatly
increase the amount of assistance the United States can provide
to advance development goals. The Committee believes that USAID
needs to do more in investigating the management and policy
implications of this approach before it is accepted as a model
for USAID. The Committee encourages USAID to consult with the
Committee on its plans for this initiative before procedures
and policy are finalized. Until sufficient details about the
scope and functions of the GDA proposal are provided to the
Committee for its review and further consultations occur, no
program funds are to be reserved or used from the fiscal year
2002 or prior year Acts to fund GDA activities.
WOMEN IN DEVELOPMENT
The Committee recommends $15,000,000 in fiscal year 2002
for USAID's Office of Women in Development (WID). In addition
to providing adequate funding, the Committee requests the USAID
Administrator to seriously consider strengthening the WID
Office. The Office plays a key role in integrating gender
perspectives into USAID's programs and policies, and providing
technical support, research and implementation of initiatives
focused on women's economic status and legal rights, and girls'
education. Possible actions include appointing a person at the
Deputy Assistant Administrator level to head the office;
creating a WID Working Group, with membership at the Deputy
Assistant Administrator level to monitor and assist with the
implementation of the Gender Plan of Action; and increasing the
WID office budget to enhance its effectiveness.
The Committee strongly supports the work of Women's
Campaign International (WCI), which works to enhance the status
of women through media, leadership, business, organizational,
and public-service training in developing countries. The
Committee recommends at least $600,000 for WCI in fiscal year
2002.
The Committee is aware of Vital Voices Global Partnership's
efforts to support women leaders who are working to increase
economic opportunities for women and strengthen civil society
in emerging democracies, and recommends $100,000 to support the
Partnership's work.
CHILDREN'S BASIC EDUCATION
Educating children in developing countries is fundamental
to long term development. The Committee believes that USAID
should significantly broaden its support for these activities,
and recommends $135,000,000 for children's basic education in
fiscal year 2002. The Committee expects USAID to emphasize
programs that expand access and quality of education for girls,
enhance community and parental participation in schools,
improve teacher training, and build local management capacity.
USAID should ensure that it has sufficient education
specialists to manage this increased emphasis on basic
education.
AMERICAN SCHOOLS AND HOSPITALS ABROAD
The Committee recognizes the important contributions made
to U.S. foreign policy by institutions funded by the American
Schools and Hospitals Abroad (ASHA) program, and has provided
not less than $19,000,000 to support these institutions in
fiscal year 2002, which is $2,000,000 above the fiscal year
2001 level. The Committee also expects USAID to allocate
sufficient sums to administer the ASHA program from funds
provided for Operating Expenses, so it will not be necessary to
expend any program funds for administrative purposes.
The Committee understands that ASHA funds are available for
a variety of purposes, such as construction and equipment,
libraries, computer technology, curriculum and staff support,
and related expenses. However, the Committee does not intend
this assistance to be presumed to offer permanent budget
support to ASHA recipients. The Committee encourages ASHA to
give priority to organizations which demonstrate a commitment
to private fundraising to match government support.
By increasing ASHA funding to $19,000,000, the Committee
intends to ensure that support is provided to institutions that
are particularly effective demonstration centers of American
educational and medical practices. The Committee continues to
be impressed with the contributions to U.S. interests made by
several institutions and believes that they warrant further
support, including Lebanese American University, International
College; The Johns Hopkins University's Centers in Nanjing,
China and Bologna, Italy; the Center for American Studies at
Fudan University, Shanghai; the Hadassah Medical Organization;
the American University of Beirut; and the Feinberg Graduate
School of the Weizmann Institute of Science. The Committee is
also aware of the American University in Kyrgyzstan, which
opened in 1993. The university serves as a model Western-style
liberal arts university in the region.
VICTIMS OF TORTURE
The Committee is informed that USAID has provided
$1,500,000 to foreign treatment centers for victims of torture
during fiscal years 2000-2002. The Committee recommends that
USAID provide up to $5,000,000 in fiscal year 2002 for these
centers consistent with the goals of the Torture Victims Relief
Reauthorization Act of 1999.
The Committee has reviewed USAID's ``Report to Congress on
Victims of Torture and USAID Assistance for fiscal year 2000,''
and is concerned that USAID appears to include within its
definition of ``torture'' such activities as assisting
``victims displaced by violence'' and ``families adversely
affected during armed conflict,'' and the ``reintegration of
war-affected youth.'' While these may or may not involve
torture victims, the Committee emphasizes that funds
appropriated for victims of torture are intended for the unique
category of persons who have been subjected to torture, or to
support programs specifically to prevent torture.
PATRICK LEAHY WAR VICTIMS FUND
The Committee strongly supports the Leahy War Victims Fund,
which, since 1989, has provided essential orthopedic and
related medical, surgical, and rehabilitation assistance for
civilians who are disabled as a direct or indirect result of
civil strife or armed conflict. In addition to enabling
amputees and other people with disabilities to regain mobility,
the Committee supports USAID's efforts to increase their
accessibility to mainstream educational, recreational and
economic opportunities. The Committee expects USAID to provide
$12,000,000 for this program in fiscal year 2002. The Committee
encourages the Fund to increase its support for initiatives in
conflict-affected countries that will lead to appropriate
disability laws and policies, and improvements in and the
expansion of appropriate services and programs that are needed
by people with conflict-related, physical disabilities.
The Committee expresses its appreciation to the USAID
employees who manage this program, and who have earned the
respect of disability experts around the world.
U.S. TELECOMMUNICATIONS TRAINING INSTITUTE
The Committee has provided not less than $500,000 for the
U.S. Telecommunications Training Institute (USTTI). USTTI is a
nonprofit joint venture between the public and private sectors
dedicated to providing tuition free communications and
broadcast training to professionals from around the world.
COOPERATIVE ASSOCIATION FOR STATES FOR SCHOLARSHIPS
The Committee supports the work of the Cooperative
Association for States for Scholarships and expects USAID to
continue funding this program.
PRIVATE VOLUNTARY ORGANIZATIONS
The Committee has again included language to ensure that
the level of funding to private and voluntary organizations
(PVOs) is maintained at a high level. This is consistent with
current law and USAID's commitment to enhance support for PVOs,
as they are increasingly called upon to implement U.S. foreign
assistance programs. In addition, the Committee urges the
Office of Private Voluntary Cooperation to maintain funding at
$6,000,000 for cooperative development organizations in fiscal
year 2002 in order to enhance their technical capacities and
build business alliances for overseas activities with U.S.
cooperatives.
MICRO-CREDIT PROGRAMS
The Committee strongly supports micro-credit programs for
very poor people and funding for other micro-credit activities
in accordance with Public Law 106-309. The Committee supports
at least the funding level in that Act.
NAVSARJAN TRUST
The Committee is aware of the important role the Navsarjan
Trust is playing to build civil society in India by promoting
the rights of the Dalit community. Navsarjan has
representatives in more than 2,000 villages. The Committee
requests USAID to seriously consider providing funding to the
Navsarjan Trust.
INTERNATIONAL EXECUTIVE SERVICE CORPS
The Committee supports the excellent work of International
Executive Service Corps (IESC) volunteers who, over the past
four decades, have assisted in business development, economic
growth, and technology transfer in some 120 countries. The
Committee is concerned that USAID has underutilized the IESC as
a development partner in recent years, and calls on USAID to
renew its commitment to the IESC to enable expansion of its
projects in Latin America, the Caribbean, Asia and sub-Saharan
Africa. The Committee recommends that USAID provide $5,000,000
to support additional work by the IESC.
AGRICULTURE DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS
The Committee welcomes the USAID Administrator's strong
support for agriculture development, and expects USAID to
provide at least $310,000,000 for these activities in fiscal
year 2002.
Agriculture remains the only means of survival for the
majority of people in developing countries, and support for
agriculture will help slow the migration of people to cities,
many of which are already overcrowded and incapable of
providing even basic services. The Committee believes that, in
addition to continuing programs to improve farming techniques
and increase crop yields, more emphasis should be given to
strengthening the business skills of small farmers, building
links between private farmers and agriculture processors, and
creating markets for agriculture products. These activities
should be a priority in countries with a tradition of
centralized control over agricultural production, as well as in
countries where geography and a lack of infrastructure impede
access to markets. Like last year, the Committee has provided
that not less than $30,000,000 should be made available for
plant biotechnology programs. In addition, USAID should
consider allocating a substantial portion of these funds
through the Global Bureau. The Committee notes that the
American University of Beirut has designed a plant
biotechnology program to enhance agricultural, industrial, and
research opportunities in the Middle East. The Committee
requests USAID to consider funding this program.
The Committee urges USAID to seriously consider a proposal
by Sustainable Harvest International to provide $100,000 for
long-term training and support for subsistence farmers in
Central America.
COOPERATIVE DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS
The Committee is disappointed by the decline in funding for
the U.S./Israel Cooperative Development Program (CDR) and
Cooperative Development Research Program (CDR). The Committee
supports funding for CDP/CDR, which has particularly benefitted
developing countries and the emerging democracies of Eastern
Europe and the former Soviet Union.
FARMER-TO-FARMER
The Committee continues to support the Farmer-to-Farmer
(FTF) program in the former Soviet Union and elsewhere, and
again recommends that USAID support these exchanges directly,
in addition to the funding FTF receives from the Department of
Agriculture. The Committee notes that this program is a cost-
effective form of technical assistance because the American
participants volunteer their time.
CREDIT PROGRAMS
The Committee is aware of the efforts of the World Council
of Credit Unions to further develop credit union systems in
South Africa and Mexico in order to promote free-market
principles and increase the ability of poor people to access
credit and other banking services. The Committee recommends up
to $2,000,000 for this initiative.
MAINTENANCE OF PROTEA GERMPLASM
The Committee recognizes the need to safeguard the protea
germplasm maintained in South Africa, as protea production and
marketing is an important economic component of the tropical
ornamental plant industries of South Africa and the United
States. The Committee requests USAID to provide sufficient
funds in order to sponsor an international conference for the
purpose of finalizing and initiating a comprehensive plan to
sustain the protea industries in South Africa and the United
States.
INTERNATIONAL FERTILIZER DEVELOPMENT CENTER
The Committee continues to support the work of the
International Fertilizer Development Center (IFDC) and has
provided that not less than $2,300,000 should be made available
for its core grant. The Committee also recommends that an
additional $1,700,000 be made available to further support the
research and development activities of IFDC.
DAIRY DEVELOPMENT
The Committee continues to place a priority on dairy
development and recommends that USAID actively pursue
opportunities to increase funding above the current level, with
a goal of providing $6,000,000 in fiscal year 2002.
ENVIRONMENT, CLEAN ENERGY AND ENERGY CONSERVATION PROGRAMS FUND
The Committee has established a fund to support programs
that address a wide range of environmental conservation and
energy issues through the protection of tropical forests,
biodiversity and wildlife; the promotion of cleaner and
renewable energy technologies; and conservation. The Committee
does not believe these programs have received adequate support
at a time when the environment is under siege in many
developing countries due to unchecked population growth,
illegal logging, the burning of fossil fuels in antiquated
power plants and other manufacturing processes, slash and burn
agriculture, and other destructive activities.
The Committee has provided that $295,000,000 in Development
Assistance funds should be made available for these programs in
fiscal year 2002, an increase of $23,000,000 above the current
level. The Committee expects $175,000,000 from all accounts in
the bill for programs to assist developing countries measure,
monitor, report, verify, and reduce greenhouse gases and
related activities, an increase of $10,000,000 above the
current level.
Biodiversity.--The Committee expects USAID to provide
$100,000,000 for biodiversity programs, including initiatives
to enhance biodiversity in marine environments. The Committee
encourages USAID to work with other nations to hold a
conference on second generation fisheries in order to develop a
blueprint for preserving marine biodiversity and meeting the
growing demands for fish protein. The Committee encourages
USAID to coordinate its efforts in this field with the Pacific
International Center for High Technology Research.
Environment Offices.--The Committee requests USAID to
consult the Committee on the future role and funding for its
Office of Environment and Natural Resources and Office of
Environment and Urban Programs.
Cleaner and renewable energy.--The Committee notes that the
demand for energy in developing countries is rapidly
increasing, and requests USAID to consult with the Committee
regarding the unique programs of USAID's Office of Energy,
Environment, and Technology to promote the use of U.S. cleaner
and renewable energy technology.
The Committee continues to support the application of
renewable-energy technologies for Pacific Island nations and
recommends up to $500,000 for the Pacific International Center
for High Technology Research to initiate a demonstration
program on sustainable renewable energy systems.
The Committee expects the Office of Energy, Environment,
and Technology to explore ways to promote the use of small wind
turbines as a renewable energy source, and requests USAID to
submit a report by April 1, 2002, describing its efforts to
promote the use of renewable energy technology and include a
list of renewable energy projects that have been funded over
the past 3 years.
The Committee encourages the Office of Energy, Environment
and Technology, through its partnership with the U.S.
Hydropower Council for International Development, to work with
foreign governments to remove market barriers and influence
policy reform, in order to enable U.S. energy companies and
financing organizations to invest in improvements in energy
infrastructure in emerging markets. The Committee expects USAID
to continue to play a leading role in the multi-agency Clean
Energy Technology Exports Initiative, which is now underway to
promote and deploy a range of U.S. cleaner and renewable energy
technologies in developing countries and countries in
transition.
TROPICAL PLANT AND ANIMAL RESEARCH INITIATIVE
The Committee urges USAID to consider funding a joint
application from Israel and Hawaii to collaborate on a research
and development project relating to the rapidly expanding
tropical fish and plant global market.
PARKS IN PERIL
The Committee continues to strongly support the Parks in
Peril program, which matches USAID funds with private
contributions to support conservation of imperiled ecosystems
in Latin America and the Caribbean.
FOUNDATION FOR SECURITY AND SUSTAINABILITY
The Committee continues to support the work of the
Foundation for Security and Stability, a public foundation
chartered to further the understanding of resource scarcity and
environmental problems that play a significant role in causing
regional instability. The Committee recommends $2,500,000 for
the Foundation.
THE PEREGRINE FUND
Although best known for its efforts to recover the
Peregrine Falcon, The Peregrine Fund is building a record of
conserving birds of prey worldwide. The group has worked to
protect many species including the California Condor, Aplomado
Falcon, Hawaiian Crow, and the Mauritius Kestrel. A significant
undertaking in the pursuit of preservation is the establishment
of The Peregrine Fund's Neotropical Raptor Center in Panama.
The Committee recommends $500,000 to support this goal, which
the Committee understands will be matched by private
contributions.
MOUNTAIN GORILLAS
The Committee is concerned with the survival of mountain
gorillas which inhabit the high altitude jungles of Rwanda,
Uganda, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. This
magnificent species, once an important source of income for
these countries from eco-tourism, has been devastated by
poaching and civil conflict in the region. Like last year, the
Committee expects that $1,500,000 will be provided to support
groups that protect these animals, such as the Dian Fossey
Gorilla Fund International and other nongovernmental
organizations whose mission it is to deter poaching and protect
the mountain gorillas' habitat.
ORANGUTANS
The Committee remains concerned about the destruction of
orangutan habitat in Borneo and Sumatra, and expects USAID to
provide $1,500,000 for continued support through
nongovernmental organizations, including the Orangutan
Foundation and others, for activities to save the orangutan
from extinction. The Committee requests to be consulted
regarding the use of these funds.
The Committee is aware of a proposal to UNESCO to declare
Tanjung Puting National Park a World Heritage Site, and urges
the State Department to support this proposal which could
greatly enhance the preservation of this endangered area that
is home to many of the last surviving orangutans.
WATER CONSERVATION
The Committee is aware that the scarcity of water, both for
drinking and irrigation, is reaching crisis proportions in some
regions of the world. It is also increasingly a cause of civil
unrest, particularly in the Middle East. The Committee urges
USAID, in coordination with the State Department and other
appropriate Federal departments and agencies, to develop a
long-term strategy for working with other industrialized and
developing countries, international organizations, and NGOs, to
address this serious global problem. The Committee requests
USAID to submit the outline of such a strategy for the
Committee's consideration by April 1, 2002.
The Committee also notes that International Project WET has
been working for nearly two decades in the field of
international water resources management and encourages USAID
to support International Project WET's efforts to provide
training models and educational materials to a number of
countries.
DESERTIFICATION
Desertification threatens as many as 1 billion people
worldwide and is a serious impediment to economic development
in many poor nations, particularly in Africa. Last year the
Senate ratified the United Nations Convention to Combat
Desertification (UNCCD) which encourages the coordination of
international efforts to address the causes, impacts, and
potential solutions to desertification in developing countries.
The Committee requests USAID, and the State and Treasury
Departments, to evaluate their programs and report to the
Committee by April 1, 2002, on their progress in implementing
the UNCCD, raising the profile of United States efforts to
combat desertification and generating opportunities for
American businesses.
COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH SUPPORT PROGRAMS
The Committee continues its strong support for the
Collaborative Research Support Programs (CRSPs). Recognizing
the important research and training functions of these
programs, the Committee recommends that funding above the
fiscal year 2001 level be provided for the CRSPs, and that the
CRSPs be considered for funding for a broad range of
development-related activities.
The Committee continues its support for the Soils
Management Collaborative Research Support Program (SM-CRSP) and
the application of SM-CRSP's decision support system to assess
and enhance the ability of plants and soil micro-organisms to
remove carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and enhance soil
productivity by storing carbon in the soil. The Committee
recommends that USAID provide $3,000,000 for the SM-CRSP to
continue ongoing activities and initiate work on carbon
storage.
The Committee also continues to support the Peanut CRSP,
which has been providing benefits of peanut-related research to
both the United States and developing countries since its
inception in 1982. The Committee is informed that a recent
USAID review confirmed the high quality of the peanut CRSP, and
the Committee recommends that USAID increase funding for this
program.
UNIVERSITY PROGRAMS
The Committee has received a large number of requests to
fund specific programs, projects, and activities at or through
American institutions of higher education. The Committee
strongly supports the funding of activities that advance U.S.
international development assistance and foreign policy goals.
The Committee has reviewed many of the concepts proposed for
funding, and recommends that USAID and/or the Department of
State (as appropriate for the proposed project) actively
consider proposals submitted by the following organizations. In
doing so, the Committee expects that competitive procedures
will be followed with regard to each to the maximum extent
possible. Unless a proposal demonstrates a unique, innovative,
or proprietary capability, or demonstrates special
considerations that justify limited or non-competitive
treatment, the Committee expects that competitive procedures
will be applied with regard to the proposals on the list that
follows. The Committee also expects USAID to give priority to
proposals that are well conceived, including those with
realistic budgets and achievable objectives.
Within 60 days after the submission of the initial report
required by section 653(a) of the Foreign Assistance Act, USAID
should submit a report to the Committee on the status of each
activity identified below. Such a report should include: (1)
the status of a funding proposal by the organization associated
with each activity; (2) the degree to which the proposal is
consistent with and would advance United States development
assistance and foreign policy goals for the country or region
in which the activity would take place; (3) the degree to which
matching or other funds would be provided by the organization
to complement the Federal contribution; (4) to the extent known
at the time, any decision by USAID or the Department of State
on funding the activity, including the proposed funding level;
and (5) any other relevant information deemed important by
USAID or the Department of State. The Committee also expects to
receive a second report on the status of these proposals no
later than May 1, 2002. In addition, the Committee expects
USAID to identify an office or organization within USAID, or
within the State Department if appropriate, to which inquiries
can be directed on the status of these proposals.
The Committee notes that, in the past, USAID has not been
responsive to a number of proposals put forward by
universities. While the Committee intends that USAID will judge
these proposals on their merits, it expects USAID's
responsiveness to dramatically improve and to consult with the
Committee and interested Members of Congress on these
proposals.
With the foregoing in mind, the Committee recommends the
following proposals for USAID's active consideration:
Africa-America Institute.--The African Technology for
Education and Workforce Development Initiative, which is a
project to establish distance learning programs between several
universities in the United States and Africa.
Alliance of Louisiana Universities.--A proposal of the
Louisiana/Honduras Alliance, composed of five Louisiana
Universities (University of New Orleans, Louisiana State
University Agricultural Center, Loyola University, Tulane
University, and Southeastern Louisiana University) and entities
in Honduras, to develop a plan to deliver long-term capacity-
building assistance in Honduras.
Atlanta-Tbilisi Partnership.--A proposal of the Atlanta-
Tbilisi Partnership's Sustained Healthcare Initiative in the
Republic of Georgia, which includes Emory University, Georgia
State University, Moorehouse School of Medicine, Georgia
Institute of Technology, and Grady Memorial Hospital, to
improve health care systems.
City University.--A proposal by City University to improve
distance learning opportunities in Eastern Europe.
Columbia University.--A proposal for drought monitoring
centers in Kenya and South Africa to assist in climate
monitoring and long-range forecasting.
Columbia University.--A program at Columbia University's
Center for Health and Food Security that focuses on disease and
famine issues associated with climate forcing agents across
Africa.
Connecticut State University System.--A proposal to work
with Mico and Sam Sharpe Colleges to enhance teacher education
programs in the Carribean region.
Dakota Wesleyan University.--A program to establish the
Hunger Project at the George McGovern Center for Public Service
in order to cultivate global leadership and public service to
combat hunger around the world.
Dartmouth Medical School.--A proposal on behalf of a
Dartmouth Primary Heath Care Partnership with Pristina Medical
School in Kosovo, to integrate primary health education into
the Pristina curriculum and establish opportunities for local
medical providers and lay people to plan for the provision of
health services.
DePaul University College of Law.--A project to promote
Arab-Israeli discussions on arms control, initiatives to
strengthen law enforcement cooperation, and compliance with
international nonproliferation accords.
DePaul University College of Law.--Implementation of a
project, conducted in cooperation with the Inter-American
Commission of Women and the Inter-American Children's
Institute, to combat trafficking of women and children for
sexual exploitation in the Americas.
EARTH University.--A proposal to support EARTH University,
an institution partnered with 23 universities in the United
States, to further develop its Center for Sustainability and
Biodiversity in Costa Rica, which is working on enhancing
sustainable agriculture, developing medicines using tropical
plants, and preserving natural resources in Central America.
Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University.--A proposal
for a collaborative effort with the University of Cape Coast in
Ghana for a doctoral program for Ghanian scholars who conduct
research specific to their country and assume educational
leadership roles in Ghana.
Florida International University.--A proposal to create a
Colombian Studies Institute to support United States
policymakers and Florida officials through the development of
coordinated policy analysis, outreach, and educational programs
on Colombia.
Green Mountain College.--A proposal put forward, in
conjunction with other institutions including the University of
Vermont, to provide training for Israelis, Jordanians, and
Palestinians in environmental studies and natural resource
management.
Iowa State University.--A proposal by the International
Women in Science and Engineering Program at Iowa State
University, to increase the number of women in science and
engineering professions in developing nations and enhance the
status of women within these professions.
Iowa State University.--A proposal to support the
International Institute of Theoretical and Applied Physics at
Iowa State University, which is principally focused on
promoting international collaboration between scientists in the
United States and developing nations.
Historically Black Colleges.--A proposal to support the
efforts of these institutions to conduct research into
agriculture issues unique to African nations.
Johns Hopkins University.--A proposal for a program at the
School of Public Health to support ongoing research in Nepal,
Bangladesh, and Tanzania that is designed to improve the
understanding of the use of micronutrients to improve health in
developing countries.
Kansas State University.--A proposal for Kansas State
University's Cereal Genome Initiative, which links the genetic
stocks, knowledge, and experience of three International
Agricultural Research Centers to identify existing cereal
genomic research gaps, formulate research strategies, and
conduct collaborative research projects.
La Roche College.--A proposal to expand programs to educate
young people from conflict, post-conflict, and developing
regions of the world.
Louisiana State University.--The LSU/Latin American
Commercial Law project to jointly assist and train Central
American, South American, and U.S. citizens to enhance
understanding of the civil, commercial, and trade law systems
of these regions.
Louisiana State University.--A proposal to further develop
an International Emergency Training Center at Louisiana State
University.
Loyola University.--A proposal to develop the Family Law
Institute for Latin American Judges at Loyola University in New
Orleans, Louisiana.
Marquette University.--A proposal to expand HIV/AIDS
programs by establishing an HIV/AIDS nursing training program
in Kenya.
Mississippi State University.--A proposal by the Office of
International Programs for assistance in agribusiness project
development and management, technical assistance, training,
applied research, and technical information transfer.
Montana State University, Billings.--A proposal to develop
an online Master of Health Administration Degree Program with
October 6 University in Egypt.
Montana State University, Billings.--A proposal to expand
programs in international business in order to enable MSU-
Billings to offer additional courses in accounting and e-
commerce in foreign countries.
St. Michael's College.--A project between St. Michael's
College and the Lake Net Institute to foster international
cooperation on preserving freshwater lakes through education
and technology transfer.
St. Thomas University.--A proposal to expand programs that
promote democratic principles in Africa and provide training in
a number of areas including civic education, entrepreneurship,
rule of law, public health, HIV/AIDS prevention, and conflict
resolution.
South Dakota State University.--A proposal to expand South
Dakota State's involvement in the International Arid Lands
Consortium, which provides an important mechanism for
collaboration between scientists and researchers worldwide.
South Dakota State University.--A proposal to support an
initiative with Washington State University, Oregon State
University and the International Maize and Wheat Improvement
Center to promote food security in Central Asia and the
Caucasus.
Temple University.--A proposal in support of rule of law
programs in the People's Republic of China to further enable
American legal scholars, attorneys, judges, and government
officials to work with their Chinese counterparts on a regular,
organized basis to provide input into proposed or needed
legislation and enforcement issues in the Chinese legal system.
Tufts University.--A proposal for a collaborative project
to provide diplomacy training to Albanians and ethnic-
Albanians.
University of Alaska.--A program with Alaska Pacific
University and the North Slope Borough and the Northwest Arctic
Borough to provide training and technical assistance to
strengthen Chukotka's economy, develop market driven systems,
and improve social conditions, particularly for indigenous
people in the region.
University of Arkansas Medical School.--A collaborative
effort with the Volgograd City Health Department, Volgograd
Medical Academy, and other public-private partners in the
community to enhance various health care delivery systems in
the region.
University of Dayton.--A new program to enhance
refrigeration technologies for the storage of medical supplies
in developing countries.
University of Illinois-Chicago.--A proposal to establish a
Joint Center on the Baltics in conjunction with the University
of New Orleans and the U.S. Baltic Foundation.
University of Indianapolis.--A proposal for a cross-
cultural educational exchange program with Intercollege in
Cyprus to enhance skills in business, international relations,
and computer information systems.
University of Iowa.--A proposal for the Global Sweatshop
Labor Initiative at the University of Iowa Center for Human
Rights to conduct academic-based research on this issue to help
build greater understanding and identify best practices to
combat this problem.
University of Kentucky.--A program relating to the
development of crop insurance in Romania.
University of Louisville.--A program in partnership with
Rand Afrikaans University to work with impoverished communities
in South Africa on economic reform issues, including increasing
employment opportunities.
University of Louisville.--A program in Georgia to enhance
the capacity and professionalism of Georgian officials to
attract and maintain private sector and multilateral
institutional investments.
University of Louisville.--A collaborative program with the
University of Alabama-Birmingham, the Medical University of
South Carolina, and Clemson University for research on plant
materials in the Philippine rain forest which have potential
for improved nutrition and disease prevention.
University of Miami.--A proposal to establish, develop, and
implement an institute in Cuban studies to provide research on
transition issues related to Cuba.
University of Mississippi.--A proposal for the National
Center for Computational Hydroscience and Engineering for a
program that transfers agricultural, environmental, and other
technologies to the Polish Academy of Sciences.
University of Nebraska Medical Center.--A pilot project to
establish an Internet-based graduate nursing course in the
former Soviet republics to enhance educational opportunities
for health-care professionals.
University of New Orleans.--A proposal for the Eastern
Caribbean Project, a collaborative effort with the Government
of Dominica, to provide education and technical expertise in
order to protect ecosystems and enhance economic development in
a number of locations, including Dominica, Grenada, St. Lucia,
St. Vincent, and the Grenadines.
University of Notre Dame.--A proposal to support a
collaborative effort with the University of Ulster to develop
and implement a branch campus in the West Belfast neighborhood
of Springvale.
University of Northern Iowa.--A proposal for University of
Northern Iowa's Orava Project that works to enhance democracy-
building in Central and Eastern Europe through educational
reform.
University of Northern Iowa.--A proposal concerning the
Global Health Corps program, which trains university students
to conduct community health programs in under-served areas in
developing countries.
University of Northern Iowa.--A proposal of the Russo-
American Institute for Mutual Understanding to deepen cultural
understanding and promote professional collaboration through
exchange programs.
University of Rhode Island.--A proposal by the University
of Rhode Island Coastal Resources Center to improve coastal
management in order to enhance economic growth, public health,
sustainable food security, and help minimize the impact of
natural disasters.
University of San Francisco.--A proposal by the University
of San Francisco Center for Law and Global Justice, Cambodia
Law and Democracy Project, to continue rule of law and
democracy-building activities.
University of South Alabama.--A proposal to enhance the
Birth Defects Monitoring Program in the Rivine and Volyn
oblasts in the Ukraine, which will allow the program to begin
monitoring environmentally linked birth defects.
University of Vermont.--A project to promote the transfer
of sustainable agricultural practices to farmers in Honduras
through the Vermont-Honduran partnership.
University of Vermont College of Medicine.--A proposal to
expand the Vermont Oxford Network database on high risk newborn
infants' care outcomes, increase the number of participating
international member institutions, and, support quality
improvement collaboratives and patient safety projects.
Utah State University.--A collaborative effort between Utah
State University and the Arab-American University of Jenin to
establish a College of Agriculture of Jenin, including an
Agriculture Experiment Station and Extension Service, to assist
agricultural industry in the region.
Utah State University.--A proposal for the World Irrigation
Applied Research and Training Center to improve the delivery of
irrigation technology.
Vermont Law School.--A proposal to further the work of
Vermont Law School in promoting environmental standards in the
former Soviet republics by establishing a Center for
International Environmental Law.
Yale University.--A proposal by Yale University's Child
Study Center, operated in conjunction with the Tel Aviv Mental
Health Center, to continue programs to treat traumatized
children and their families.
Western Kentucky University.--A collaborative program with
a media support organization to join in-the-field training with
practical, hands-on experience with broadcast and print
journalism expertise.
COUNTRY ISSUES
BURMA
The Committee continues to strongly support funding for
building democracy and protecting human rights in Burma, and to
address the serious humanitarian needs that exist on the
borders of Thailand and India as a direct result of the
oppressive policies of the State Peace and Development Council
(SPDC). The Committee is deeply concerned with continued
military incursions by Burmese forces and their surrogate
militia into Thailand, and notes the SPDC's recent purchase of
MiG-29 fighter aircraft from Russia.
The Committee continues to condemn the actions of the SPDC
for its denial of basic freedoms, gross human rights
violations, child and forced labor practices, drug trafficking,
and money laundering. While noting that discussions have taken
place between the SPDC and the National League for Democracy
(NLD), the Committee calls upon the SPDC to immediately release
all political prisoners, cease its abusive practices, and
restore to power the legitimately elected leaders of Burma.
The Committee supports and commends the efforts of NGOs
working with Burmese democrats, including a recent effort to
build media capacity within the pro-democracy movement. The
Committee has provided $6,500,000 in ESF assistance for
democracy building and humanitarian assistance for Burma.
BURUNDI
The Committee notes that the ongoing conflict in Burundi
continues to destabilize the Great Lakes region and exacerbate
the country's humanitarian crisis. The Committee urges all
parties to the conflict to participate in the ongoing peace
process and support efforts to involve the Burundian people in
negotiations about their political future.
CAMBODIA
The Committee continues to be concerned with human rights
abuses, political intimidation, and the absence of the rule of
law in Cambodia. In particular, the Committee notes that
Cambodia was recently designated by the United Nations as the
world's leading producer of marijuana, and that limited
progress has been made on combating illegal logging practices
and bringing to trial former Khmer Rouge leaders. The Committee
calls for greater vigilance by international financial
institutions in the oversight and use of donor funds,
particularly those supporting economic and legal reforms and
the demobilization of Cambodian military personnel.
The Committee recognizes the Documentation Center of
Cambodia as an invaluable resource for information on war
crimes, genocide, and crimes against humanity committed in
Cambodia. The Committee recommends that the Center receive
adequate funds to carry on its important work when its current
grant expires, including, if appropriate, the purchase of a
vehicle suitable to conduct investigations in rural areas. The
Committee requests the State Department to consult the
Committee regarding funding for the Center in fiscal year 2002.
The Committee appreciates the importance of commune council
elections scheduled for next year, but notes the dominance of
the ruling party on national and local election commissions and
its control of media outlets. The Committee strongly condemns
acts of political violence and intimidation. In anticipation of
these polls, the Committee expects the Administration to
provide not less than $3,000,000 to support the democratic
opposition in Cambodia, and not less than $2,000,000 to support
the efforts of civil society in Cambodia to monitor the
elections.
With the exception of HIV/AIDS programs, the Committee does
not support the provision of any assistance to the Central
Government of Cambodia unless and until the Secretary of State
determines that Cambodia has met the certification requirements
contained in section 560 of the bill.
CHINA
The Committee has provided $10,000,000 for programs to
promote political and legal changes in China. The Committee
expects that of these funds, not less than $5,000,000 will be
provided for programs in China to be administered by the Bureau
of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor at the State Department,
and not less than $5,000,000 will be provided to the National
Endowment for Democracy to support programs and activities
relating to China and Tibet. The Committee recommends that
ongoing programs be supported that promote democracy, human
rights, and the rule of law. The Committee also supports
funding for activities conducted by the United States-Asia
Environmental Partnership in China.
CYPRUS
The Committee has provided $15,000,000 from the ESF account
for Cyprus to be used for scholarships, bicommunal projects,
and measures aimed at reunification of the island and designed
to reduce tensions and promote peace and cooperation between
the two communities on Cyprus. The Committee intends that these
resources be made available to maximize leverage to improve
prospects for a peaceful settlement in Cyprus.
DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO
The Committee is deeply concerned with the humanitarian
crisis in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DROC) and
neighboring countries, where conflict has resulted in
widespread suffering and the massive displacement of civilian
populations. Moreover, a number of African nations continue to
expend scarce resources to maintain military forces in the DROC
that are involved in violent and destructive activities,
including the abuse of Congolese civilians and the exploitation
of natural resources. The Committee urges all parties in the
conflict to comply with the Lusaka Accord and not undermine the
inter-Congolese dialogue. The Committee supports the
Administration's budget request for the DROC which includes
improvements to the delivery of health care services. The
Committee has also increased the budgets for the International
Disaster Assistance and Migration and Refugee Assistance
accounts to help meet these humanitarian needs.
EAST TIMOR
The Committee provides not less than $25,000,000 in ESF
assistance for East Timor. The Committee congratulates the
people of East Timor as they move toward the election of their
first Constituent Assembly. The first years of independence and
self-government will be critical in setting a solid foundation
for a stable, democratic, and prosperous Timorese nation. The
Committee recognizes the work of USAID's Office of Transition
Initiatives, and the efforts of numerous American
nongovernmental humanitarian, educational, and democracy-
building organizations that are making a vital contribution to
East Timor's development. The Committee expresses strong
support for continued funding of these activities.
The Committee is deeply disappointed by the failure of the
Indonesian Government, despite repeated assurances, to
prosecute and punish military officers and militia leaders
responsible for planning and carrying out atrocities in East
Timor. The Committee is dismayed that tens of thousands of East
Timorese refugees are still controlled by militias in West
Timor.
The Committee is concerned about reports of a rising HIV/
AIDS infection rate caused by the large presence of foreign
nationals in East Timor, and is dismayed by rising incidences
of prostitution. The Committee intends to consult with USAID on
an effective response to this problem.
ETHIOPIA
The Committee is concerned about human rights in Ethiopia,
particularly the intimidation and persecution of human rights
activists, journalists, and opposition groups. The Committee
calls on the State Department to continue to raise these issues
at the highest levels of the Government of Ethiopia.
GUATEMALA
Last year the Committee commended the Portillo Government
for its commitment to dismantle the Estado Mayor Presidential
(EMP), which has been responsible for some of the worst
atrocities in the country's history. Since that time, little
has been done, and the Committee is disappointed that the
Guatemalan Government has not fulfilled its commitment. The
United States has offered to help fund the establishment of
civilian security and intelligence services, if the EMP is
dismantled.
Also last year, the Committee commended steps by the
Portillo Government in support of human rights. Unfortunately,
the situation subsequently deteriorated, and the government has
failed to respond. Moreover, common crime is rampant, and there
have been attacks against judicial personnel, witnesses, human
rights and labor activists, and journalists. The Committee is
also aware of reports of official complicity in the smuggling
of contraband into Guatemala from El Salvador and elsewhere.
The Committee has continued the prohibitions on Foreign
Military Financing and International Military Education and
Training (IMET) assistance, with the exception of Expanded
IMET, and expects the Expanded IMET program to emphasize
civilian control of the military and human rights, and to
include civilian participation.
INDONESIA
The Committee continues to be concerned with the political
situation in Indonesia, as that country struggles to
consolidate its recent democratic transition. While mindful of
the many difficult and complex challenges Indonesia faces, the
Committee is nonetheless heartened by certain positive
developments. The vigorous debate and activist approach of the
current, democratically elected parliaments at the national and
local levels, and the effort to decentralize power and
enfranchise the lower levels of government are deserving of
particular recognition.
In recognition of Indonesia's immense economic challenges
and development needs, the Committee recommends $135,000,000
for Indonesia in fiscal year 2002, a $15,000,000 increase above
the 2001 level and the 2002 budget request. The Committee
expects the Administration to increase support for democracy-
building activities, rule of law and legal reform,
environmental protection, human rights monitoring and
education, and civil society development in Indonesia. The
Committee also supports technical assistance to encourage
greater media freedoms in Indonesia, as well as programs to
promote responsible broadcasting, sound management, and
transparency.
The Committee is acutely aware of continued reports of
violence waged by the Indonesian military and police against
citizens in Aceh, Papua New Guinea, and other troubled areas of
the country, and strongly condemns these human rights
violations. The Committee notes that human rights monitoring
groups have documented over 1,000 deaths, overwhelmingly
civilian, in Aceh since the beginning of the year. The
Committee condemns the actions taken by Indonesia to arm
militias in Central Aceh that have led to recent massacres of
civilians. The Committee is deeply concerned with reports of
increased intimidation, harassment, and arbitrary arrest of
human rights workers, lawyers, and peace negotiators, and
supports a negotiated solution to the conflict. The Committee
recommends that $10,000,000 be made available for humanitarian,
economic rehabilitation, and related activities in Aceh, West
Papua and Maluka.
While the Committee commends the Indonesian military's
refusal to inject itself into the current turmoil of Indonesian
politics, there is a paucity of evidence that the military is
committed to real reform, including holding its members
accountable for abuses in East Timor--both before and after the
1999 referendum--and elsewhere in Indonesia. The Committee
expresses its dismay and frustration with the failure of
Indonesian authorities to deliver justice for the September 6,
2000, murders of three United Nations humanitarian workers in
West Timor, including American Carlos Caceres. The Committee is
also concerned about the Indonesian military's continued
involvement in illegal business practices and other activities,
including illegal logging that threatens to undermine
Indonesian ecosystems.
The Committee has continued restrictions on U.S. assistance
and training for the Indonesian military, and expects to be
consulted on a regular basis regarding the Administration's
efforts to renew military-to-military ties, primarily on a
multilateral basis. It is the Committee's understanding, after
consultations with the State Department, that the purpose of
this modest effort to re-engage with the Indonesian military is
to encourage reform. The Committee expects U.S. officials to
use these opportunities to press for improvements on human
rights and accountability issues. If, over the coming year,
there is no convincing indication that the military is moving
forward with serious reforms, even these limited activities
could be curtailed. The Committee believes that such reforms
would include opening its budget to public scrutiny,
reorienting its mission from internal security to defense
against external threats, curtailing involvement in such
activities as illegal logging, prostitution and contraband
smuggling, and upholding the rule of law including
accountability for military personnel who commit abuses. In an
effort to encourage civilian control of the military, which is
a first step toward reform, the Committee has modified the
restrictions in current law to enable Indonesian civilians to
participate in Expanded IMET courses.
LEBANON
The Committee believes that economic development in Lebanon
should be a priority for U.S. foreign policy, and expects that
not less than $35,000,000 in ESF assistance will be made
available for Lebanon.
The Committee is deeply disappointed that past efforts to
secure the return of American children abducted to Lebanon have
been unsuccessful. The Committee is aware that in some cases
the Lebanese Government has failed to enforce the orders of the
Lebanese civil courts. The Committee calls on the Lebanese
Government to ensure that the rule of law is upheld.
MEXICO
The Committee is encouraged by recent political
developments in Mexico. In addition to addressing more
effectively long-standing concerns such as drug trafficking,
immigration, and trade, the Committee supports the Mexican
Government's efforts to resolve peacefully the conflict in
Chiapas. This rural, mountainous region is inhabited by
indigenous groups who have suffered for generations from
extreme poverty and discrimination. The Committee believes that
expanding job opportunities is key to ending the conflict.
The Committee is aware of a proposal by an organization
named Xanvil, located in San Cristobal de Las Casas, Chiapas,
to work with nearby Mayan highland communities to develop a
number of small museums devoted to preserving and supporting
Mayan culture, textiles, pottery and other crafts. These
museums, several of which already exist but are in need of
technical assistance and other support, would be coupled with
stores for marketing the diverse work of local Mayan artisans
and a tourist guidebook to the highland museums. The Committee
believes that USAID should give serious consideration to
supporting this community-based, income generating project to
preserve unique cultural traditions in an impoverished region.
MONGOLIA
The Committee has provided $12,000,000 in ESF assistance
for Mongolia. The Committee recognizes Mongolia's achievements
in consolidating its democratic transition, and commends the
people of Mongolia for their participation in recent
presidential elections. The Committee encourages the continued
development of democratic institutions and privatization of
state-owned enterprises, including the media. The Committee is
concerned that constitutional guarantees of free speech be
respected for all Mongolians, regardless of political
affiliation.
TIBET
The Committee recommends $2,500,000 in ESF assistance for
programs that provide training and education to Tibetans on
democracy and human rights, preserve cultural traditions, and
promote economic development and environmental conservation in
Tibetan communities. The Committee is aware of the valuable
assistance the Bridge Fund has provided to promote Tibetan-
owned and operated businesses and educational, cultural, and
natural resource conservation projects in Tibet.
SUDAN
The Committee regards the situation in southern Sudan as
among the most serious humanitarian crises in the world, along
with Afghanistan and the eastern region of the Democratic
Republic of the Congo (DROC). Like the DROC, the Sudan disaster
is largely man-made. With the discovery of large oil reserves
in southern Sudan, the Sudanese Government appears to be
determined to wrest control of the area regardless of the cost
in civilian lives. Indiscriminate bombing has resulted in the
deaths and displacement of large numbers of people, which has
been the norm in that region for decades.
The Committee welcomes the efforts by the Secretary of
State and the USAID Administrator to focus attention on the
Sudan crisis and seek solutions. Like last year, the Committee
has included up to $10,000,000 in ESF assistance to the
National Democratic Alliance of Sudan to enable indigenous
civil administrations in the opposition-controlled areas of
Sudan, including but not limited to Bahr el Ghazal, to improve
the welfare of their people and protect villages from slavery
raids and forced displacement. These funds may be used for
humanitarian and development activities, and for communications
equipment, transportation and other support for inter-communal
peace agreements between indigenous African and Arab groups.
SIERRA LEONE
The Committee is encouraged by recent developments in
Sierra Leone, including the ability of United Nations Mission
in Sierra Leone (UNAMSIL) to deploy in the diamond areas and
disarm members of Revolutionary United Front and pro-government
militias. It is critical that the international community move
quickly to strengthen disarmament efforts and peacekeeping
operations in the region.
To build a lasting peace, the Committee believes that it is
imperative for the international community to support a
tribunal in order to bring to justice those responsible for war
crimes and other atrocities committed in Sierra Leone,
irrespective of where they currently reside. The Committee
commends the Administration's decision to provide $15,000,000
for the tribunal in Sierra Leone, and expects the
Administration to contribute at least a total of $10,000,000 in
ESF for this purpose by the conclusion of fiscal year 2002, if
the tribunal meets international standards of justice. Assuming
the tribunal is performing according to expectations, the
Committee recommends the remaining $5,000,000 to be provided in
fiscal year 2003. This accelerated funding will provide greater
incentive to other donors to support the tribunal in the third
year. The Committee has provided sufficient funding in the ESF
account and drawdown authority to accommodate this schedule.
The Committee recognizes the humanitarian crisis in West
Africa involving refugees and displaced persons from Sierra
Leone, Guinea, and Liberia, and has provided additional funds
under the International Disaster Assistance and Migration and
Refugees Assistance accounts to help enhance the response of
the international community to this crisis.
The Committee is concerned about the widespread use of rape
and sexual violence by combatants in Sierra Leone, which has
victimized an estimated 20 percent of women and girls in the
country. Only a small fraction are receiving health care and
other services needed for their recovery, and these women and
girls are further at risk of HIV/AIDS and other sexually
transmitted diseases as combatants demobilize and return to
their communities. The Committee urges USAID to expand services
to rape victims through NGOs, and requests the State Department
to develop and support a public education program on women's
rights for both men and women.
ZIMBABWE
The Committee is alarmed by the continuing political,
economic, and social crisis in Zimbabwe, including the collapse
of the rule of law. Since the June 2000 election, in which the
opposition party, Movement for Democratic Change, won more than
one-third of the seats in the parliament, the government has
become increasingly autocratic and continues to deploy its
armed forces in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, sponsor
violence against its citizens, and contribute to the economic
decline of the nation--where at least 70 percent of the
population is impoverished.
The Committee has included a provision that requires U.S.
executive directors to international financial institutions to
vote against loans, except those for basic human needs or
democracy-building purposes, to the Government of Zimbabwe,
unless the Secretary of State determines and reports that the
rule of law has been restored. The Committee continues to
support assistance to strengthen civil society that is not
affiliated with the ruling party, and encourages the State
Department to financially support international monitoring of
the 2002 elections in Zimbabwe.
INTERNATIONAL DISASTER ASSISTANCE
Appropriations, 2001.................................... $165,000,000
Emergency supplemental.............................. 135,000,000
Budget estimate, 2002................................... 200,000,000
House allowance......................................... 201,000,000
Committee recommendation................................ 255,000,000
The Committee notes that during fiscal years 1999, 2000,
and 2001 a total of $348,000,000 in supplemental funding was
provided for the Office of Foreign Disaster Assistance (OFDA)
to deal with crises in Africa, Eastern Europe, and Latin
America. With ongoing humanitarian emergencies in Afghanistan,
Colombia, El Salvador, India and sub-Saharan Africa, the
demands are even greater this year. The Committee believes that
the fiscal year 2002 request is inadequate to effectively
respond to these emergencies, and has provided $255,000,000,
which is $55,000,000 above the budget request and $90,000,000
above the fiscal year 2001 level. The Committee recognizes,
however, that even this increase may fall far short of what is
needed to meet these critical humanitarian needs.
AFGHANISTAN
The Committee believes that the situation in Afghanistan is
perhaps the most urgent, massive humanitarian crisis anywhere.
The Committee commends OFDA and the Bureau for Migration and
Refugee Affairs for the efforts they have made to respond to
the Afghan emergency, and urges them to make every effort to
provide additional relief to Afghans who have been displaced
within their own country, and Afghan refugees in Pakistan and
elsewhere.
EL SALVADOR
The Committee shares the House's concern about the need for
larger amounts of relief and reconstruction assistance for
victims of the devastating earthquakes in El Salvador. The
Committee expects USAID to utilize funds from International
Disaster Assistance, Transition Initiatives, and other
appropriate accounts in the bill, to provide assistance that is
additional to the amount requested by the Administration for El
Salvador in fiscal year 2002.
The Committee encourages USAID to seriously consider a
proposal of $100,000 by Unified Salvadorians to construct homes
in El Salvador for families left homeless from the earthquakes.
DISASTER RELIEF TECHNOLOGIES
The Committee strongly supports the public-private
partnership between the International Organization for
Migration and United States firms working to develop the
Colombian Digital Information Program (CDIP), an Internet-based
communications tool capable of delivering visual reporting on
efforts to assist refugees and internally displaced people. The
Committee recommends funding from the Andean Counterdrug
Initiative for CDIP to assist with the humanitarian needs in
the region.
TRANSITION INITIATIVES
Appropriations, 2001.................................... $50,000,000
Budget estimate, 2002................................... 50,000,000
House allowance......................................... 40,000,000
Committee recommendation................................ 52,500,000
The Committee commends the work of USAID's Office of
Transition Initiatives, which is on the ground in countries
around the world providing essential assistance to bridge the
gap between emergency relief and long-term development.
DEVELOPMENT CREDIT AUTHORITY
SUBSIDY APPROPRIATION
Appropriations, 2001.................................... $1,500,0000
(By transfer 2001).................................. (5,000,000)
Fiscal year 2002 request................................................
(By transfer)....................................... (25,000,000)
House allowance.........................................................
(By transfer)....................................... (12,500,000)
Committee recommendation................................................
(By transfer)....................................... (25,000,000)
In addition to other uses of the Development Credit
Authority, the Committee expects USAID to direct greater
resources to the acute needs of the urban poor whose numbers
are growing at an alarming rate. It is estimated that soon half
the world's population will be urban, and almost the entire 2.5
billion increase in population in the next 25 years will occur
in cities in the developing countries. Poverty, malnutrition,
and chronic disease are prevalent in these areas, where slum
conditions adversely affect health, security, economic
progress, and the environment.
OPERATING EXPENSES
Appropriations, 2001.................................... $4,000,000
Budget estimate, 2002................................... 7,500,000
House allowance......................................... 7,500,000
Committee recommendation................................ 7,500,000
PAYMENT TO THE FOREIGN SERVICE RETIREMENT AND DISABILITY FUND
Appropriations, 2001.................................... $44,489,000
Budget estimate, 2002................................... 44,880,000
House allowance......................................... 44,880,000
Committee recommendation................................ 44,880,000
The Foreign Service retirement and disability fund is a
mandatory expense of USAID.
OPERATING EXPENSES OF THE UNITED STATES AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL
DEVELOPMENT
Appropriations, 2001.................................... $520,000,000
Emergency funding................................... 13,000,000
Budget estimate, 2002................................... 549,000,000
House allowance......................................... 549,000,000
Committee recommendation................................ 549,000,000
The Committee provides an appropriation of $549,000,000 for
operating expenses of the United States Agency for
International Development.
The fiscal year 2002 increase for operating expenses is, in
part, the result of mandatory cost increases in such items as
salaries and rents, as well as a reduction in the availability
of non-appropriated sources of funds such as prior year
recoveries that can be used to pay USAID administrative costs.
ADMINISTRATIVE AND MANAGEMENT REFORMS
The Committee strongly supports the USAID Administrator's
efforts to reform USAID's procurement, personnel, information
technology and financial management systems. Unless these
systems are streamlined and brought into efficient, working
order, USAID will be unable to make the best use of
appropriated funds. Despite the assurances of former USAID
Administrators that these broken systems would be fixed, they
have continued to plague USAID's employees, contractors and
grantees, the Congress, and at least indirectly, USAID's
intended beneficiaries. The Committee believes that there are
few, if any, higher priorities for USAID and expects the
Administrator to keep the Committee informed about the status
of these efforts.
OPERATING EXPENSES OF THE OFFICE OF THE INSPECTOR GENERAL
Appropriations, 2001.................................... $27,000,000
Budget estimate, 2002................................... 32,000,000
House allowance......................................... 30,000,000
Committee recommendation................................ 32,000,000
The Committee provides an appropriation of $32,000,000 for
operating expenses of the Office of the Inspector General.
Other Bilateral Economic Assistance
ECONOMIC SUPPORT FUND
Appropriations, 2001.................................... $2,295,000,000
Budget estimate, 2002................................... 2,249,000,000
House allowance......................................... 2,199,000,000
Committee recommendation................................ 2,239,500,000
MIDDLE EAST COUNTRIES
In 1998, the United States reached agreements with the
Governments of Israel and Egypt to reduce the levels of ESF
assistance for these countries over a 10-year schedule. In
accordance with this schedule, the Committee has included
$720,000,000 for Israel and $655,000,000 for Egypt for fiscal
year 2002. The Committee provides $150,000,000 for assistance
for Jordan, which is the request level.
The Committee has included bill language in past Foreign
Operations Appropriations Acts providing that economic
assistance to Israel not cause an adverse impact on the total
level of nonmilitary exports from the United States, and has
not changed its position on this issue. The Committee does
understand that the Government of Israel intends to act
consistently with past agreements in this regard and
appreciates this expression of good will and good faith.
The Committee recognizes that Egypt is a vital and
strategic ally of the United States and continues to play a key
role in the Middle East peace process. However, the Committee
notes, with concern, several challenges to the rule of law,
human rights, and democracy in Egypt. These include the arrest
of human rights advocate Dr. Saad Eddin Ibrahim and repeated
attacks on the United States in the Egyptian press. The
Committee is also concerned about reports regarding the
procurement of missile technology from North Korea by the
Government of Egypt. The Committee recognizes that the
Government of Egypt has denied those reports. The Committee
requests the Secretary of State, in consultation with the
Director of Central Intelligence, to submit a report to the
Committees on Appropriations not later than 60 days after the
date of enactment of the Act in classified and/or unclassified
form, describing Egypt's assistance in the Middle East peace
process and the possible proliferation of weapons or missile
technology from North Korea to the Middle East.
The Committee has learned of the near epidemic incidence of
diabetes in Egypt. The Committee is also aware of a proposal
requesting that financial assistance be provided through the
Joslin Diabetes Center in Boston, Massachusetts, to construct a
diabetes unit at Mansoura University in Egypt. The Committee
encourages USAID to give serious consideration to supporting
this initiative.
MIDDLE EAST REGIONAL COOPERATION
The Committee supports the Middle East Regional Cooperation
(MERC) program, which fosters mutually beneficial technical
cooperation between experts from Israel and neighboring Arab
countries. The Committee also supports the Galilee Society and
Arava Institute for Environmental Studies, and urges the
Administration to seriously consider funding proposals by these
organizations.
CONFLICT RESOLUTION
The Committee recommends at least $2,000,000 from the
Development Assistance, SEED, and ESF accounts to support
conflict resolution programs, including those which bring
together teenagers of different ethnic, religious, and
political backgrounds from areas of civil conflict and war. The
Committee believes that the following programs are among those
deserving financial support--
--Seeds of Peace, a widely respected organization which
promotes understanding between teenagers in the Middle
East, Cyprus, and the Balkans;
--The International Crisis Group, whose analysts in the field
identify potentially explosive problems, produce
objective assessments, and prescribe coherent and
effective policy responses to prevent or reduce the
level of violence resulting from complex crises;
--A production on Israel Educational Television and Al-Quds
Educational Television, involving Israeli and
Palestinian participants, which has been a catalyst for
conflict resolution, changing attitudes, and breaking
down stereotypes among children of different
backgrounds in the region; and
--The School for International Training's Conflict
Transformation Across Cultures Program.
WAR CRIMES TRIBUNALS
The Committee commends the Administration's decisions to
maintain the Office of War Crimes Issues and to support the war
crimes tribunals in Yugoslavia, Rwanda, and Sierra Leone. The
Committee expects the Administration to ensure that the
tribunals have sufficient budgets, staff, and equipment, and
has provided an additional $5,000,000 in drawdown authority for
war crimes tribunals established or authorized by the U.N.
Security Council with U.S. support, including the tribunal in
Sierra Leone. The Committee also urges the Administration,
where appropriate, to support commissions or judicial bodies
that complement the activities of these tribunals.
The Committee notes that drawdowns made under this section
are unrelated to the establishment of an international criminal
court.
GREAT LAKES JUSTICE INITIATIVE
The Committee notes that the recent history of the African
Great Lakes Region has included massive starvation and ethnic
violence, including genocide. There is an absence of
accountability for human rights abuses and other crimes that
inhibits reconciliation, conflict resolution, and long-term
prospects for peace. The Committee supports full funding of the
budget request from the ESF account for the Great Lakes Justice
Initiative (GLJI), and encourages the Administration to direct
a higher proportion of GLJI funds to programs traditionally
defined as justice activities, including the support of court
systems, training of judicial personnel, and promoting public
awareness of laws.
REGIONAL DEMOCRACY PROGRAMS IN ASIA
The Committee supports funding for programs and activities
conducted in Asia on a regional basis that promote democracy,
human rights, the rule of law, press freedoms, and good
governance. The Committee commends the efforts of the Alliance
for Reform and Democracy in Asia (ARDA), a grouping of Asian
democrats from Australia, Burma, Cambodia, East Timor,
Indonesia, Malaysia, Mongolia, Singapore, and Thailand. The
Committee also applauds the recent actions taken by the ARDA in
Malaysia to secure the release of jailed democracy activists.
The Committee recognizes Taiwan's democratic achievements, and
believes that Taiwan has relevant experiences to share with
regional democrats and reformers.
ASSISTANCE FOR EASTERN EUROPE AND THE BALTIC STATES
Appropriations, 2001.................................... $600,000,000
Emergency funding................................... 75,825,000
Budget estimate, 2002................................... 605,000,000
House allowance......................................... 600,000,000
Committee recommendation................................ 603,000,000
The Committee has provided $603,000,000 for Eastern Europe
and the Baltic States, which is $3,000,000 above the fiscal
year 2001 level.
INSTITUTIONALIZED CHILDREN IN ROMANIA
The Committee is aware that approximately 150,000 Romanian
children reside in destitute child-care institutions where they
suffer from severe medical, nutritional, and psychological
neglect. The Committee encourages USAID to support
organizations with expertise in this field, such as Care for
Children International, to combat this problem in Romania and
around the world.
AMERICAN UNIVERSITY IN ALBANIA
The Committee is aware of an initiative to establish an
American University in Albania that will utilize distance
learning technologies to provide graduate courses to Albanian
students, who might otherwise emigrate for opportunities
abroad. The Committee is informed that several American
universities and corporations have pledged support, and that
the Albanian Government has donated a facility to house the
university. The Committee encourages USAID to consider
supporting this initiative with ASHA or SEED funds.
INTERNATIONAL CRIME
The Committee continues to support the Southeast European
Cooperative Initiative (SECI), which is designed to promote
regional cooperation to more effectively combat transnational
crime, and recommends that the State Department provide
additional technical assistance funds to SECI of up to
$1,000,000.
INTERNATIONAL LEGAL INITIATIVES
The Committee commends the efforts by the American Bar
Association (ABA) to strengthen democracy through programs that
promote the rule of law in Central and Eastern Europe. The
Committee expects USAID to maintain funding for these projects,
and requests USAID to seriously consider providing up to
$500,000 for an ABA-CEELI project with the Academic Consortium
for Global Education (ACGE), to develop a database of ongoing
legal reform efforts by Federal agencies in CEE/FSU countries
and to implement a multimedia distance learning network that
will complement these efforts.
COUNTRY ISSUES
BULGARIA
The Committee expects that, of the funds made available for
assistance for Bulgaria, $4,600,000 will be provided to
complete the full-scope simulator for the Kozludoy Plant (Units
3-4). The Committee is pleased that the National Electric
Company of Bulgaria has provided the majority of funds
necessary for installation of this simulator for operator
training.
SERBIA
The Committee has provided up to $115,000,000 to help the
Serbian people recover from the economic collapse, political
violence, and social upheaval of the Milosevic period. The
Committee recognizes the courage of Serbian democrats in
facilitating the historic transfer of Slobodan Milosevic to the
International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia
(ICTY), and commends the people of Serbia for acknowledging the
crimes against humanity committed by Milosevic and others under
his command. The Committee strongly supports the efforts of the
ICTY to deliver justice for war crimes and other violations of
international humanitarian law committed in the territory of
the former Yugoslavia since 1991. The Committee encourages the
efforts of Serbian democrats and reformers to implement
political, legal, and economic reforms necessitated by years of
corruption and warfare. The Committee has conditioned
assistance that may be made available after March 31, 2002, to
Serbia on continued cooperation with the ICTY, the termination
of financial support to the Bosnian Serb entity's military and
intelligence services, and respect for the rule of law. The
Committee is concerned that, while many of the Kosovar
Albanians imprisoned by the Milosevic regime have been
released, some political prisoners remain incarcerated in
Serbia. The Committee calls for their immediate release.
MONTENEGRO
The Committee expects that not less than $45,000,000 will
be made available for assistance for Montenegro, and strongly
supports Montenegro's efforts to implement political, legal,
and economic reforms. The Committee commends the people of
Montenegro for their participation in recent parliamentary
elections, and believes that Montenegro, alone and in
consultation with Serbia, must decide its own fate regarding
independence.
The Committee is aware of a proposal to strengthen and
modernize the Parliament of Montenegro by improving access to
independent information and enhancing its capacity to perform
research and analysis. The Committee encourages USAID to
seriously consider supporting this initiative.
MACEDONIA
The Committee believes that a unified and independent
Macedonia is in United States national security interests and
requires high level U.S. involvement. The Committee supports
the negotiation of a political solution to the current crisis,
and applauds the efforts of ethnic Macedonian and Albanian
leaders, as well as the United States and European officials,
who worked tirelessly in support of the recent agreement to end
the conflict. The Committee is aware that the situation remains
fragile, and will closely monitor the implementation of the
agreement by both sides. The Committee condemns the use of
violence against any citizens in Macedonia, and notes with
concern the displacement of ethnic Albanians and Macedonians
within Macedonia and in neighboring countries. The Committee
believes that the Government of Macedonia must address the
concerns of all Macedonian citizens, including ethnic
Albanians, in a fair and equitable manner, and ensure the
protection of lives and property of all citizens of Macedonia.
The Committee expects USAID and the State Department to provide
assistance to Macedonia relating to decentralization,
education, census, electoral and parliamentary reform,
institution building, and accountability and transparency in
governance.
ASSISTANCE FOR THE INDEPENDENT STATES OF THE FORMER SOVIET UNION
Appropriations, 2001.................................... $810,000,000
Budget estimate, 2002................................... 808,000,000
House allowance......................................... 768,000,000
Committee recommendation................................ 800,000,000
The Committee provides $800,000,000 for Assistance for the
Independent States of the Former Soviet Union for fiscal year
2002.
LEGAL EDUCATION
The Committee is concerned about the quality of education
for lawyers, judges, and others responsible for interpreting
new laws in the former Soviet Union and Central and Eastern
Europe. The Committee recommends that USAID consider funding a
distance learning project to deliver a high quality program of
instruction in basic legal principles.
HEALTH CARE PARTNERSHIPS AND MEDICAL EDUCATION
The Committee is concerned that the current funding level
for health partnerships in the five former Soviet republics in
Central Asia is inadequate to meet the pressing health care
needs in the region, and recommends that USAID increase funding
above the current level for these programs. The Committee also
supports the continuation of the North Dakota-Turkmenistan
Health Partnership and other health partnerships in the former
Soviet republics that are managed through a cooperative
agreement with the American International Health Alliance.
The Committee has followed the work of the Eurasian Medical
Education Program of the American College of Physicians in
continuing the medical education of Russian physicians in the
treatment of tuberculosis, cardiovascular disease, and
diabetes. This exchange program has been carried out in four
regions of the Russian Federation, and volunteer American
physicians have shared experience and knowledge with their
Russian colleagues to the benefit of the Russian medical
profession and the Russian population. The Committee supports
this program and requests to be consulted regarding future
funding for it.
TRAINING AND EXCHANGES IN THE FORMER SOVIET UNION AND CENTRAL EUROPE
As in past years, the Committee recommends funding for the
Russian, Eurasian, and East European Research and Training
Program (Title VIII) of at least $5,000,000. This will continue
the existing program from funds in the SEED and FSU accounts.
The Committee strongly recommends that the existing
administrative mechanism within the State Department for the
Title VIII program be preserved. The Committee also supports
other education and training programs in both regions, such as
the East Central European Scholarship Program (ECESP). The
Committee requests USAID to continue to support the Moscow
School of Political Studies' efforts to teach democratic and
free market principles to Russian students and other community
leaders.
ORPHANS
The Committee continues to support USAID's Russian orphans
strategy, which focuses on programs to reduce the number of
children entering state orphanages and works with orphanage
officials to meet the immediate medical and basic needs of
these children. The Committee applauds the work of Holt
International Children's Services and Mercy Corps International
and encourages USAID to also consult with Rotary International,
the Anchorage Interfaith Council, and the Municipality of
Anchorage to enhance programs for orphans in the Russian Far
East. The Committee recommends $3,500,000 for this program in
fiscal year 2002.
VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN
The Committee commends the efforts by USAID, the State
Department, and the Justice Department to implement programs to
combat domestic violence in Russia. The Committee believes the
Administration should continue to consult closely with and
provide direct support to the Russian Association of Crisis
Centers for Women to further strengthen local capacity to
respond to this endemic problem. Emphasis should be given to
strengthening police and prosecutorial capacity to prevent and
punish abuses. In addition, American grant recipients,
including police trainers, should have expertise in domestic
violence issues, and Russian NGOs should be consulted in the
design, evaluation, and monitoring of these programs. The
Committee recommends funding for these activities at not less
than the current level, and requests the State Department to
submit a report by April 1, 2002, summarizing the actions
taken, results to date, and future plans for this initiative.
PRIMARY HEALTH CARE
The Committee is aware of the Primary Health Care
Initiative of the World Council of Hellenes, which was
instituted in the former Soviet republics to provide
desperately needed basic health care. This program, which is
alleviating suffering of people through thousands of visits
each month, is also beneficial to U.S. relations with these
countries. The Committee recommends $2,000,000 in FSU funds for
this program in fiscal year 2002.
INDEPENDENT MEDIA
The Committee recognizes that several governments in the
former Soviet Union continue to undermine the work of
independent media outlets and journalists. The Committee
supports efforts to achieve a genuinely self-sustainable media,
which operates in a fair and transparent legal environment.
COUNTRY ISSUES
RUSSIA
The Committee has again included language in the bill that
withholds 60 percent of assistance for the Government of the
Russian Federation unless the President determines and
certifies to the Committees on Appropriations that the
Government of the Russian Federation has terminated its nuclear
relationship with Iran, is cooperating with international
efforts to investigate war crimes and other atrocities in
Chechnya, and is providing full access to international
nongovernmental organizations to provide humanitarian relief to
refugees and internally displaced persons in Chechnya.
CHECHNYA
The Committee is alarmed by the flagrant disregard for
human life and the use of excessive force by Russian troops
against Chechen noncombatants. In addition to the atrocities
committed by the Russian military, the Government of the
Russian Federation has repeatedly failed to investigate and
hold accountable those responsible for these crimes. The
Committee expects the Secretaries of State and Defense to urge
their Russian counterparts to permit international humanitarian
organizations to have unimpeded access to Chechnya. The
Committee also requests the State Department to submit a report
to the Committee 90 days after the date of enactment of the Act
describing the response of the Russian Government.
ARMENIA
The Committee has provided $90,000,000 for Armenia, and
urges the Armenian Government to continue to accelerate
economic reforms. The Committee expects that not less than
$5,000,000 of these funds will be provided to the Government of
Armenia for an education initiative, including the provision of
computers and Internet access to primary and secondary schools.
The Committee is aware of the work of the Armenian Technology
Group in assisting the Armenian private sector in a seed
multiplication program. The Committee continues to support the
expansion of these efforts in additional countries in the
Central Asia region.
AZERBAIJAN
The Committee has included a provision which continues
current law relating to section 907 of the FREEDOM Support Act,
by restating an exemption that allows for humanitarian and
certain other types of assistance to the region, including for
refugees and displaced persons.
UKRAINE
The Committee has provided $180,000,000 for assistance for
Ukraine. The Committee firmly believes that the independence
and sovereignty of Ukraine is of crucial strategic importance
to the United States and stability in Europe. The Committee
notes that the level of assistance for Ukraine takes on
heightened significance as Ukraine prepares for parliamentary
elections in March 2002, the outcome of which may determine the
country's future direction. The Committee urges the State
Department to support programs that encourage free and fair
elections, strengthen the rule of law, support the next
generation of Ukrainians, focus on private sector development
(particularly agriculture), reform the commercial legal code,
and help develop the nongovernmental sector of Ukrainian
society.
The Committee is extremely concerned about the conditions
under which journalists work in Ukraine. The recent murder of
two journalists under questionable circumstances and the slow
investigation of these two cases casts serious doubt on the
commitment of the Government of Ukraine to an independent
media, the rule of law, and the independence of the judicial
system.
The Committee believes that assistance for Ukraine can only
succeed if the government is committed to economic and
democratic reforms. While Ukraine's economy has started
growing, this trend cannot be sustained without a commitment to
the rule of law. The Committee believes that prompt, thorough,
and competent investigations and prosecutions of these murder
cases would help to demonstrate such a commitment.
Alternatively, the continued absence of such actions might
suggest that a reduced level of assistance is warranted. The
Committee encourages the U.S. Embassy in Kiev to extend an
offer of the services of the Federal Bureau of Investigations
through their Legal Officer to the Government of Ukraine to
assist in the investigations into these murders.
The Committee expects that of the amount provided for
nuclear safety not less than $21,500,000 will be provided for
the installation of simulators for enhanced operator training.
Specifically, $12,000,000 should be provided for a full-scope
simulator at the Rivne reactor, $5,000,000 for Remote Shutdown
Panels, $2,000,000 for two simulator Safety Parameter Display
Systems, and $2,500,000 for an analytical simulator for the
Sebastopol Institute which has become the primary source of
training of engineers and operators for the Ukrainian nuclear
industry.
The Committee recognizes the critical nature of a diverse
energy supply and a comprehensive, viable energy policy to
Ukraine's independent development and economic future. The
Committee recommends that funds as necessary be provided for
U.S. technical assistance to the Task Force established by
Presidential Order (#42/2001) on February 27, 2001.
The Committee supports funding for successful community
partnership programs and activities in Ukraine, such as those
administered by the United States-Ukraine Foundation.
GEORGIA
The Committee provides $90,000,000 for assistance for
Georgia. The Committee notes that continued support to Georgia
is in United States national security interests and strongly
encourages that programs relating to border and export
controls, energy, and political, legal, and economic reform
continue. The Committee remains concerned with the incidence of
corruption in Georgia, and the limited progress by Russia in
closing military bases in Georgia. The Committee supports
programs implemented by the American Academy in Tbilisi, and
recommends an increased level of funding for the Academy's
activities. The Committee provides that not less than
$3,000,000 should be made available for a small business
development project relating to private sector technology
start-ups for Georgia.
NAGORONO-KARABAGH
The Committee continues to be concerned about the plight of
victims of the Nagorono-Karabagh conflict, and expects that the
remainder of the $20,000,000 in humanitarian assistance,
initially provided for in the fiscal year 1998 Act, will be
promptly disbursed.
Independent Agencies
PEACE CORPS
Appropriations, 2001.................................... $265,000,000
Budget estimate, 2002................................... 275,000,000
House allowance......................................... 275,000,000
Committee recommendation................................ 275,000,000
The Committee continues to strongly support the Peace
Corps, which has volunteers in 76 countries, and has increased
funding by $10,000,000 above the fiscal year 2001 level.
AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT FOUNDATION
Appropriations, 2001.................................... ($16,000,000)
Budget estimate, 2002................................... (16,042,000)
House allowance......................................... 16,042,000
Committee recommendation................................ 16,542,000
The Committee includes funding for the African Development
Foundation (ADF) under the Independent Agencies account, and
provides $16,542,000 for the ADF, which is $542,000 above the
fiscal year 2001 level and $500,000 above the request.
INTER-AMERICAN FOUNDATION
Appropriations, 2001.................................... ($12,000,000)
Budget estimate, 2002................................... (12,108,000)
House allowance......................................... 12,000,000
Committee recommendation................................ 13,106,950
The Committee includes funding for the Inter-America
Foundation (IAF) under the Independent Agencies account, and
provides $13,106,950 for the IAF, which is $1,106,950 above the
fiscal year 2001 level.
The Committee recognizes the progress the IAF has made in
the past year in reforming its fiscal policies and practices.
The IAF's decision to contract with the Bureau of Public Debt
to maintain the general ledger is a positive step. However,
while the use of an external entity for this purpose may be a
sensible, partial solution, the Committee wants to be assured
that internal oversight of fiscal and programmatic activities
do not suffer. The Committee looks forward to reviewing the
IAF's new plans to establish and implement procedures that
ensure sound fiscal and programmatic management by its staff.
Department of State
INTERNATIONAL NARCOTICS CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT
Appropriations, 2001.................................... $325,000,000
Budget estimate, 2002................................... 217,000,000
House allowance......................................... 217,000,000
Committee recommendation................................ 217,000,000
The Committee has provided $217,000,000, the request level,
for International Narcotics Control and Law Enforcement
programs.
TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS
The Committee provides $10,000,000 in INL funds for
programs and activities to counter trafficking in persons. The
Committee commends the Department of State for its
``Trafficking in Persons Report'', and believes that the
ranking of nations in different tiers, according to compliance
with standards outlined in Public Law 106-386, is an
illustrative and effective means to highlight the efforts and
deficiencies of countries to address this problem. The
Committee urges continued and greater emphasis on programs and
activities that directly address this endemic problem. The
Committee remains strongly committed to assisting women and
children who are often the most innocent victims of this gross
human rights violation, which also contributes to the spread of
HIV/AIDS. These funds should be used to provide social services
to trafficking victims, educational and economic development
programs to prevent trafficking, and technical assistance to
government efforts to combat trafficking in countries of
origin. The Committee requests to be consulted prior to the
obligation of these funds.
MARITIME INTERDICTION
The Committee believes that both the Bahamas and Costa Rica
play important roles in combating the flow of illegal
narcotics, especially through maritime interdiction efforts.
Therefore, not later than 90 days after enactment, the
Committee expects the State Department to submit a report on
the procurement needs of the governments of the Bahamas and
Costa Rica to implement an effective counternarcotics strategy.
This report is to examine these needs, including an assessment
of the procurement of high speed boats, within the context of
the projected budget for counternarcotics programs in fiscal
year 2003.
ANDEAN COUNTERDRUG INITIATIVE
Appropriations, 2001....................................................
Budget estimate, 2002................................... $731,000,000
House allowance......................................... 675,000,000
Committee recommendation................................ 567,000,000
The Committee has provided a total of $718,000,000 for the
Andean Regional Initiative requested by the Administration, of
which $567,000,000 is for the Andean Counterdrug Initiative.
FISCAL YEAR 2002 ANDEAN REGIONAL INITIATIVE
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Committee
Request recommendation
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Andean Counterdrug Initiative:
Narcotics Programs................ $438,500,000 $367,000,000
Security Programs................. 4,000,000 4,000,000
Economic and Social Programs...... 292,500,000 200,000,000
Other Andean Assistance: Humanitarian 147,290,000 147,000,000
and Development Programs.............
---------------------------------
Total, Andean Regional 882,290,000 718,000,000
Initiative.....................
------------------------------------------------------------------------
When added to fiscal year 2001 bilateral assistance to the
region and approximately $1,300,000,000 for Plan Colombia, this
appropriation of $718,000,000 in fiscal year 2002 will bring
total U.S. contributions to the Andean region to more than
$2,000,000,000 over the last 2 years.
The Committee notes that Plan Colombia is a $7,500,000,000,
6 year effort, developed in conjunction with the Colombian
Government, to combat drug trafficking and support democracy
and economic development in Colombia. An unspecified portion of
the non-United States funds for Plan Colombia are to be
contributed by other donors, including the European Union (EU)
and the international financial institutions, as well as the
Colombian Government itself. So far, few if any funds have
actually been provided by the EU. It is unclear how much the
Colombian Government has provided above its regular budget for
defense, law enforcement, and social programs.
Seventy-nine percent of the fiscal year 2001 U.S. funds
were for military and police programs, including the purchase
of Blackhawk helicopters, training Colombian counterdrug
battalions, aerial fumigation of coca and poppy, and related
activities. The remainder was for economic, social, and justice
programs. Most of the military and police assistance has been
committed. Although the first Blackhawks did not arrive in
Colombia until July 27, 2001, the Colombian Government reports
that a large portion of the coca crop has already been
destroyed. In contrast, the economic, social, and justice
programs have barely begun.
The Committee believes that because of the threats posed by
drug traffickers, rebels, and paramilitaries in Colombia, the
United States should strongly support Colombia and its
neighbors. However, the Congress and Administration appear to
share the view that unless the demand for illegal drugs is
curtailed in the United States, the Andean Counterdrug Program
will not succeed.
While it is too soon to pass judgment on the success or
failure of this initiative, the Committee is concerned that far
too little priority has been given to utilizing the fiscal year
2001 funds for economic, social, and justice programs. Although
the fumigation effort has gone forward rapidly, paramilitary
violence has increased sharply, hundreds of thousands of people
are displaced in their own country, and little has been
provided in the way of alternative sources of income for
Colombian farmers whose coca crops, and in some instances their
licit crops, have been destroyed. Similarly, few of the funds
appropriated last year to strengthen the justice system,
particularly the Colombian Attorney General's Human Rights
Unit, have been spent.
The Committee believes that $718,000,000 for the Andean
region is a substantial investment, on top of last year's
$1,300,000,000 appropriation, and the most that can reasonably
be provided given other demands on the budget and the lack of
any evidence, to date, that this initiative will have an
appreciable impact on America's drug problem. The Committee
also notes that many Members have expressed concerns that this
program is drawing the United States into a prolonged civil war
that may pose grave risks to American personnel and further
hardships for the Colombian people. At least $200,000,000 of
the counterdrug funds are to be apportioned directly to USAID
for economic and social programs, in order to facilitate faster
disbursement of these funds. The Committee has retained limits
imposed in fiscal year 2001 on the number of U.S. military on
duty, and U.S. civilian personnel employed, in Colombia.
The Administration did not request funds to procure new
aircraft for the Andean countries, as the costs involved would
limit the allocation for economic and social programs. The
Committee, however, is aware that certain types of aircraft
could be used by these governments to enhance counternarcotics
efforts. Therefore, no later than 90 days after enactment, the
Committee expects the State Department to submit a report on
the feasibility of procuring additional aircraft for Bolivia,
Colombia, and Ecuador, within the projected budget for
counternarcotics programs in fiscal year 2003.
The Committee is aware of the successful work of Aid To
Artisans (ATA), which provides technical assistance and
marketing support to artisans in poor countries. ATA has
proposed an Andean Artisan Enterprise Initiative, to expand
markets for artisans in Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia.
The Committee believes that this type of program should be
supported to provide viable, alternative sources of income to
people in this region.
The Committee is supportive of biotechnology research at
American institutions to promote the cultivation of alternative
crops, including cocoa, in the Andean countries.
COLOMBIA
The Committee believes that a peaceful and prosperous
Colombia is important to United States interests in the western
hemisphere, and that the foundation for any successful
counternarcotics strategy is economic development, a lasting
resolution of civil strife and the implementation of meaningful
political, legal, economic, and social reforms. The Committee
recognizes some progress on human rights, but strongly condemns
paramilitary and insurgent groups, and the Colombian military
involved in committing atrocities against noncombatants. The
Committee recommends an increased emphasis on support for
programs that protect and promote human rights, the rule of
law, and the economic welfare of the Colombian people.
Like last year, the Committee has included conditions on
assistance to the Colombian military which emphasize respect
for human rights and civilian justice. The Committee is
particularly concerned about the surge in paramilitary
violence, persistent reports of cooperation between the
military and paramilitaries, and the impunity of military
officers who order or commit atrocities. The Committee believes
that far more aggressive action is needed, by the Colombian
Government and military, to thwart it. This should also be a
priority for United States policy.
The Committee is alarmed by the pattern of attacks against
trade unionists; 112 were killed in 2000, and another 51 by
June 2001. Little effort, if any, has been made to apprehend
and bring to justice those responsible.
The Committee also deplores the ongoing abuses by the FARC,
extensively documented by human rights organizations, including
the forced recruitment of child soldiers, murder, kidnaping,
and collusion with drug traffickers. The Committee calls on
other nations, particularly Mexico and the Scandinavian
countries, to exert greater influence on the FARC to repudiate
these tactics and participate seriously in negotiations toward
a settlement of the conflict.
Similar to last year, in order to continue to monitor the
use of the funds made available for this initiative, the
Committee expects that, not later than 60 days after the date
of enactment of the Act and every 120 days thereafter, the
Secretary of State will submit a report to the Committees on
Appropriations containing--
--A description of the extent to which the Colombian armed
forces have suspended from the armed forces those
members, of whatever rank, who have been credibly
alleged to have committed gross violations of human
rights, and are providing to civilian prosecutors and
judicial authorities requested information concerning
the nature and cause of the suspension.
--An assessment of the extent to which the Colombian armed
forces are cooperating with civilian authorities,
including providing access to witnesses and relevant
military information, in prosecuting and punishing in
civilian courts those members, of whatever rank, who
have been credibly alleged to have committed gross
violations of human rights, or to have aided or abetted
paramilitary groups.
--An assessment of the extent to which the Colombian armed
forces are severing links, including intelligence
sharing, at the command, battalion, and brigade levels,
with paramilitary groups, and executing outstanding
arrest warrants for members of such groups.
--A description of the extent to which attacks against human
rights defenders, trade unionists and government
prosecutors, investigators and civilian judicial
officials, are being investigated and the alleged
perpetrators brought to justice.
--A description of actions taken by the United States, the
Colombian Government, and other countries to promote
and support negotiations toward a settlement of the
conflict in Colombia.
--An accounting of the financial support for Plan Colombia
provided by the Government of Colombia (compared to its
expenditures prior to fiscal year 2001) and the
international community.
The Committee is aware of national security legislation
passed by the Colombian Congress on June 20, 2001. The
Secretary of State is requested to submit a report not later
than 90 days after the date of enactment of the Act and 120
days thereafter, containing--
--An accounting of incidents of arbitrary and prolonged
incommunicado detention by members of the Colombian
armed forces and police, and whether those incidents
have increased;
--An assessment of the effectiveness of investigations
conducted by military personnel, as provided for in the
security law, compared to those carried out by civilian
authorities; and
--An analysis of the effects of the security law on
Colombia's commitments under international treaties.
NEIGHBORING COUNTRIES
The Committee is concerned about the spill-over of the
narcotics trade from Colombia to its neighbors, and commends
the Administration for its regional approach this year. It may
only be a matter of time before Colombia's neighbors face large
influxes of refugees, drug traffickers, and insurgents.
Bolivia.--The Committee is concerned that this spill-over
effect may undermine the achievements of the Bolivian
Government in eradicating coca growth within its borders. The
Committee recognizes the success of alternative development
activities in Bolivia, and commends the Bolivian Government for
its counterdrug efforts. The Committee expects the State
Department to provide sufficient funding to continue these
activities. The Committee continues to be concerned with
reports of unsolved cases of human rights abuses involving
security forces that may receive U.S. assistance. The Committee
expects that the U.S. Embassy will be more vigilant in pursuing
human rights issues with the Government of Bolivia and
determining if there is compliance with applicable U.S. laws
governing the provision of assistance.
Ecuador.--Ecuadoran law enforcement personnel have noted
incursions by rebels and paramilitaries, cocaine laboratories,
kidnappings of foreign employees, and coca cultivation within
Ecuadoran territory. The Committee urges the State Department
to give priority to programs that assist Ecuador in
strengthening border security.
Peru.--The Committee notes the success of the Government of
Peru in reducing the country's domestic coca crop. The
Committee recognizes that narco-traffickers in Colombia may
seek to migrate to growing areas inside Peru, should
counterdrug efforts prove effective in Colombia. The Government
of Peru has brought to the Committee's attention its concern
with new methods of cocaine production, new air trafficking
routes, and increased land and maritime transportation that may
weaken once successful interdiction efforts. The Committee
expects the State Department to assess Peru's priority
counterdrug needs, as well as programs to strengthen democracy,
civil society, and the rule of law in Peru.
The Committee notes the tragic deaths of Veronica Bowers
and Charity Bowers in the shooting down of their aircraft by
the Peruvian military in April 2001, and expects the State
Department to consult the Committee regarding any plan to
resume a policy of shooting down suspected drug-trafficking
aircraft.
MIGRATION AND REFUGEE ASSISTANCE
Appropriations, 2001.................................... $700,000,000
Budget estimate, 2002................................... 715,000,000
House allowance......................................... 715,000,000
Committee recommendation................................ 735,000,000
The Committee is aware that a number of urgent humanitarian
crises around the world, including those in Afghanistan,
Central and West Africa, Indonesia, and the North Caucasus,
have left millions of individuals at risk of starvation,
exposure, and disease. The Committee provides $735,000,000 for
the Migration and Refugee Assistance account, which is
$20,000,000 above the Administration's budget request and
$35,000,000 above the amount provided in fiscal year 2001.
RESETTLEMENT IN ISRAEL
The Committee provides $60,000,000 for the resettlement of
humanitarian migrants from the former Soviet Union, Eastern
Europe, Ethiopia, and other parts of the world to Israel. This
is equal to the amount appropriated in fiscal year 2001.
UNITED NATIONS HIGH COMMISSIONER FOR REFUGEES
The Committee is aware that the fiscal year 2002 budget of
the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) is
projected to be $130,000,000 below the current level, due
primarily to a dramatic decline in contributions from European
countries. This has caused UNHCR to reduce expenditures by
scaling back field operations at a time of increasing demands.
The Committee is concerned by these developments and supports
ongoing efforts by UNHCR to seek additional contributions from
Europe. The Committee has increased funds for Migration and
Refugee Assistance with the expectation that the State
Department will continue its strong support for UNHCR in fiscal
year 2002.
PROTECTION OF INTERNATIONAL HUMANITARIAN RELIEF WORKERS
The Committee recognizes that the rise of ethnic conflict
and civil wars have required humanitarian relief workers to
frequently operate in war zones where there is no functioning
government and it is extremely difficult to differentiate
between combatants and civilians. As a result, refugee and
other disaster relief situations have become increasingly
hazardous for international aid workers, resulting in a number
of tragic deaths. The Committee is extremely concerned with
these developments and expects that, no later than April 1,
2002, the State Department will submit a report describing the
efforts the United States and international humanitarian
organizations, including UNHCR and the International Committee
of the Red Cross, are taking to improve the safety of relief
workers and identify how additional U.S. financial, technical,
or other forms of assistance could enhance these efforts.
TIBETAN REFUGEES
Like last year, the Committee supports continued funding to
assist Tibetan refugees and recommends $2,000,000 for this
purpose. The Committee requests the State Department to
coordinate with USAID in determining responsibility for long
term assistance for Tibetan refugees.
NORTH KOREAN AND MONTAGNARD REFUGEES
The Committee is deeply concerned with the reported
increase in the number of North Korean refugees fleeing to
China, and Montagnard refugees fleeing Vietnam to Cambodia. The
Committee recognizes that oppressive political, social, and
economic conditions in North Korea and Vietnam contribute to
this movement of people. The Committee is appalled at reports
of the forcible repatriation of refugees to North Korea and
Vietnam, and calls upon the State Department and international
relief organizations to ensure the adequate and safe treatment
of refugees. The Committee requests the Secretary of State to
report to the Committees on Appropriations, not later than 60
days after the date of enactment, on steps taken by the State
Department, USAID, and international relief organizations to
protect the human rights and dignity of refugees from North
Korea and Vietnam, and on the policy implications that arise
from the continued movement of people from North Korea to
China, and from Vietnam to Cambodia.
EMERGENCY REFUGEE AND MIGRATION ASSISTANCE FUND
Appropriations, 2001.................................... $15,000,000
Budget estimate, 2002................................... 15,000,000
House allowance......................................... 15,000,000
Committee recommendation................................ 15,000,000
The Committee recommends $15,000,000 for the emergency
refugee and migration assistance fund.
NONPROLIFERATION, ANTI-TERRORISM, DEMINING, AND RELATED PROGRAMS
Appropriations, 2001.................................... $311,600,000
Budget estimate, 2002................................... 332,000,000
House allowance......................................... 311,000,000
Committee recommendation................................ 326,500,000
The Committee has provided $326,500,000 for the NADR
account for fiscal year 2002. The following chart indicates
fiscal year 2001 funding for the programs in this account, the
Administration's request for fiscal year 2002, and the
Committee recommendations for fiscal year 2002:
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Committee
Program of activity 2001 enacted 2002 request recommendation
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nonproliferation and Disarmament Fund........................... $14,967,000 $14,000,000 $14,000,000
Export Control Assistance....................................... 19,100,000 17,000,000 17,000,000
Science Centers................................................. 35,000,000 37,000,000 37,000,000
IAEA Voluntary Contribution..................................... 47,000,000 49,000,000 50,000,000
CTBT Preparatory Commission..................................... 21,056,000 20,000,000 20,000,000
Korean Penisula Energy Development Organization................. 54,879,000 95,000,000 95,000,000
Nonproliferation Contingency.................................... 20,000,000 .............. ..............
Anti-Terrorism Assistance....................................... 38,000,000 38,000,000 38,000,000
Terrorist Interdiction Program.................................. 4,000,000 4,000,000 4,000,000
Lockerbie Trial Support......................................... 15,000,000 16,000,000 8,000,000
Humanitarian Demining Program................................... 39,912,000 40,000,000 40,000,000
Small Arms Destruction.......................................... 2,000,000 2,000,000 3,500,000
Rescission...................................................... 686,000 .............. ..............
-----------------------------------------------
Total Budget Authority...................................... 311,600,000 332,000,000 326,500,000
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TERRORIST INTERDICTION PROGRAM
The Committee has recommended $4,000,000 for the Terrorist
Interdiction Program, which is designed to enhance border
security overseas to reduce terrorism. The Committee supports
the State Department's plans and looks forward to continued
consultations on these activities.
ANTI-TERRORISM ASSISTANCE PROGRAM
The Committee supports the work of the Anti-Terrorism
Assistance Program and recommends $38,000,000 for fiscal year
2002. The Committee notes that ATA would like to commence
activities in support of Anti-Terrorism Instructor Training and
Emergency Medical Responder Instructor courses and an expansion
of the Dignitary Protection Training Program. The Committee
supports these efforts.
HUMANITARIAN DEMINING
The Committee supports the State Department's Humanitarian
Demining Program to clear landmines and other unexploded
ordnance that continue to endanger people in countries around
the world. The Committee has provided $40,000,000 for these
activities.
The Committee notes that several country recipients of
demining funds from the NADR account also receive large amounts
of assistance from the ESF, SEED, or FSU accounts. The
Committee is concerned about pressures on the NADR budget which
contains a limited amount of humanitarian demining funds, and
believes that future demining programs in these countries
should be funded jointly from both NADR and these other
accounts.
COMPREHENSIVE TEST BAN TREATY PREPARATORY COMMISSION
The Committee fully funds the request of $20,000,000 for a
contribution to the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty Preparatory
Commission. This contribution helps to leverage funds from
other donor nations for the International Monitoring System,
which is designed to collect data from seismic, hydroacoustic,
infrasound, and radionuclide stations around the world,
enhancing U.S. capabilities for detecting and monitoring
nuclear tests.
LOCKERBIE
The Committee has provided $8,000,000 toward the United
States share of the costs incurred for holding the trial for
the 1988 bombing of Pan Am Flight 103. The Committee
understands that there will be a request in fiscal year 2003
for expenses related to the appeal process and other
incidentals. The Committee is concerned about information
relating to some of the costs that have been incurred, and
understands that an audit will be performed by the Inspector
General of the State Department. The Committee expects this
review to be completed by October, 2001.
SCIENCE CENTERS
The Committee continues to be concerned about oversight of
administrative programs and projects by the Science Centers.
The Committee urges the State Department to investigate the
possibility of expanding U.S. personnel at both of the sites to
ensure that effective management practices are in place.
The Committee is also concerned about delays that occur
between the time of submission of projects by the scientists to
the time the grant is finally awarded. The Committee encourages
senior officials at the science centers to work with their
Russian and/or Ukrainian governmental counterparts to eliminate
these interruptions to ensure prompt and efficient review and
implementation of these projects.
SMALL ARMS AND LIGHT WEAPONS
The Committee understands that small arms and light
weapons, including mortars, rocket propelled grenades, and
heavy machine guns, have contributed to human rights
violations, exacerbated conflicts, and impeded development
efforts. The Committee recommends $3,500,000 in fiscal year
2002 for the Small Arms Destruction Initiative, which provides
assistance to countries that have requested help in eliminating
stockpiles of these weapons. This is $1,500,000 above the
fiscal year 2001 level.
Department of the Treasury
INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE
Appropriations, 2001.................................... $6,000,000
Budget estimate, 2002................................... 6,000,000
House allowance......................................... 6,000,000
Committee recommendation................................ 6,000,000
The Committee has provided $6,000,000 for International
Affairs Technical Assistance. This amount is equal to the
budget request and the fiscal year 2001 level.
GLOBAL FUND TO COMBAT HIV/AIDS, MALARIA, AND TUBERCULOSIS
Appropriations, 2001....................................................
Budget estimate, 2002................................... $100,000,000
House allowance.........................................................
Committee recommendation................................................
Like the House, the Committee has not established a
separate account for a Global Fund to Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria,
and tuberculosis. The Committee's support for the Fund is
described in the section of this report entitled Child Survival
and Health Programs Fund.
DEBT RESTRUCTURING
Appropriations, 2001.................................... $238,000,000
Emergency funding................................... 210,000,000
Budget estimate, 2002................................... 224,000,000
House allowance......................................... 224,000,000
Committee recommendation................................ 235,000,000
The Committee has provided $235,000,000 for debt
restructuring for fiscal year 2002. Of this amount, the
Committee expects that $224,000,000 will be for a United States
contribution to the Heavily Indebted Poor Country Trust Fund
(HIPC), which when added to $16,000,000 in fiscal year 2001
carryover funds, will fulfill the U.S. pledge.
The Committee expects that the remaining fiscal year 2002
debt restructuring funds of $11,000,000 will be used to
implement the Tropical Forest Conservation Act of 1998 (TFCA).
The Committee has also provided up to an additional $14,000,000
in carryover funds for this purpose.
The Committee was disappointed with the Administration's
request of only $13,000,000 in transfer authority from the
Development Assistance account for the TFCA, rather than a
separate request under Department of Treasury programs. The
Committee notes that the world's tropical forests are being
destroyed at an alarming rate, and believes that the TFCA can
be an effective mechanism for protecting endangered forests.
TITLE III
MILITARY ASSISTANCE
Funds Appropriated to the President
international military education and training
Appropriations, 2001.................................... $55,000,000
Emergency funding................................... 2,875,000
Budget estimate, 2002................................... 65,000,000
House allowance......................................... 65,000,000
Committee recommendation................................ 75,000,000
The Committee provides $75,000,000 for the International
Military Education and Training (IMET) program. The Committee
believes that, by capitalizing on the worldwide respect for the
U.S. armed forces, the IMET program offers a unique opportunity
to establish valuable contacts with foreign militaries and
promote American values, including civilian control of the
armed forces and respect for the rule of law.
The Committee is also aware of the significance of the
signal that IMET sends to governments that participate in these
programs, its citizens, and other nations. The Committee notes
that, rightly or wrongly, many perceive IMET participation as
bestowing a degree of legitimacy from the United States on the
actions of the foreign militaries and governments. Therefore,
when making decisions to provide IMET, the Committee believes
that the Administration should consider the effects that these
signals will have on larger U.S. foreign policy goals and
target this assistance accordingly.
The Committee is perplexed by the Administration's requests
for regular IMET assistance for some countries whose armed
forces have a recent history of actively undermining elected
civilian authorities, corruption, and human rights abuses, and
which have shown no commitment to reform. The Committee
believes that these armed forces, at best, should be considered
for Expanded IMET which focuses on civilian control and
management of defense resources, military justice, human
rights, and certain humanitarian activities.
The Committee strongly supports IMET assistance for
emerging democracies in Central and Eastern Europe, including
$3,000,000 for the Baltic States to continue the development of
a well trained, professional corps of civilian defense
officials and military officers.
The Committee is aware that the Security Assistance Act of
2000 (Public Law 106-280) authorized additional funding, above
the Administration's fiscal year 2002 request, for IMET
assistance for Greece and Turkey, for joint training of Greek
and Turkish officers to the maximum extent practicable. The
Committee is supportive of these initiatives, which could help
strengthen ties between two important NATO allies, and
encourages the Administration to fund these programs at the
highest appropriate level.
FOREIGN MILITARY FINANCING
GRANT PROGRAM LEVEL
Appropriations, 2001.................................... $3,545,000,000
Emergency Funding................................... 31,000,000
Budget estimate, 2002................................... 3,674,000,000
House allowance......................................... 3,627,000,000
Committee recommendation................................ 3,674,000,000
The Committee has included $3,674,000,000 for Foreign
Military Financing, which is equal to the Administration's
budget request and $129,000,000 over the fiscal year 2001
level.
MIDDLE EAST COUNTRIES
The Committee has provided the Administration's request of
$2,040,000,000 in FMF for Israel and $1,300,000,000 for Egypt.
The Committee has also provided the request level of
$75,000,000 for Jordan.
BALTIC STATES
The Committee applauds the strides that Lithuania, Latvia,
and Estonia have made to bring their militaries in line with
Western standards, and expects the Administration to provide a
total of $21,000,000 in FMF to the Baltic States. The Committee
is disappointed that the Administration may not provide
$20,000,000 to the Baltic States in fiscal year 2001, despite a
recommendation from the Committee to fund this amount.
FOREIGN MILITARY TRAINING REPORT
The Committee has included language similar to the last 2
years, requiring the State and Defense Departments to provide
the joint report ``Foreign Military Training and DoD Engagement
Activities of Interest.'' The Committee is concerned that in
the fiscal year 2000-2001 version of this report, the
Administration classified a considerable amount of information,
including U.S. Special Forces, JCET and section 1004
counterdrug training, that had been provided in unclassified
form in fiscal year 1999. The Committee expects the fiscal year
2002 report to contain the maximum amount of information in
declassified form, including information about foreign units
trained; the location of training; U.S. trainers' units; course
descriptions; the number of courses given and students trained;
and estimates for next-year training in each category of
training reported. The Committee requests to be consulted on
the format and contents of the report.
LIMITATION ON ASSISTANCE
The Committee has again included a provision, identical to
last year, which seeks to ensure that U.S. assistance does not
go to units of foreign security forces whose members have been
credibly implicated in human rights violations, unless the
foreign government is taking effective measures to bring the
individuals responsible to justice. By effective measures, the
Committee intends that the individuals face impartial criminal
prosecution or appropriate and timely disciplinary action in
accordance with local law. The purposes of this provision are
to reduce the chance that U.S. training or equipment goes to
human rights violators, uphold the rule of law, and promote
accountability for political crimes of violence.
The Committee is aware that some U.S. embassies have
expressed confusion about the meaning of ``unit'' for purposes
of this provision. The Committee intends that ``unit'' is to be
construed as the smallest operational group in the field that
has been implicated in the reported violation. The Committee
notes that in order to implement this provision, it is
necessary for U.S. embassies to know which units are to receive
U.S. assistance and to have in place the necessary agreements
and mechanisms to monitor their use of the assistance.
The Committee is concerned about the failure of some U.S.
embassies to put in place effective mechanisms for collecting
evidence and implementing this provision, and therefore
believes that a centralized system is clearly needed.
Specifically, the Committee requests the Bureau for Democracy,
Human Rights and Labor to establish and maintain an electronic
database of credible evidence of gross violations of human
rights by units of foreign security forces. Each U.S. embassy
should designate an appropriate official to collect and submit
data to the database from a wide range of sources on a regular
basis. Such a database would be one important depository of
evidence for making determinations regarding the implementation
of this provision, and should be accessible to other
appropriate government departments and agencies and the
Congress.
LANDMINES
The Committee again includes language permitting demining
equipment to be made available on a grant basis to foreign
countries. The Committee supports the continued use of FMF
funds for activities to assist in locating and destroying
landmines and unexploded ordnance that maim and kill innocent
people around the world.
PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS
Appropriations, 2001.................................... $127,000,000
Budget estimate, 2002................................... 150,000,000
House allowance......................................... 135,000,000
Committee recommendation................................ 140,000,000
The Committee has provided $140,000,000 to support
peacekeeping operations in troubled regions, including Africa,
the Middle East, and the Balkans. The amount is $13,000,000
above the fiscal year 2001 level.
TITLE IV
MULTILATERAL ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE
International Financial Institutions Summary
Appropriations, 2001.................................... $1,146,879,000
Budget estimate, 2002................................... 1,209,796,000
House allowance......................................... 1,169,796,000
Committee recommendation................................ 1,178,396,000
The Committee recommends the total level of paid-in capital
funding shown above to provide for contributions to the
International Bank for Reconstruction and Development,
International Development Association, Multilateral Investment
Guarantee Agency, the Global Environment Facility (GEF), the
Inter-American Development Bank's Inter-American Investment
Corporation, the Asian Development, the African Development
Bank and Fund, the European Bank for Reconstruction and
Development, and the International Fund for Agriculture
Development.
The Committee is disappointed that the request did not
include arrears for several International Financial
Institutions (IFIs), including $128,000,000 for the Asian
Development Fund and $204,000,000 owed to the Global
Environmental Facility. The Committee expects the
Administration to budget the necessary funds in fiscal year
2003 to fully repay IFI arrears.
INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTIONS
GRIEVANCE PROCESS REFORM AND GENDER ISSUES
World Bank.--The Committee has closely followed efforts by
the World Bank to reform its internal grievance procedures, and
recognizes that the success of these reforms depends on their
implementation. While the Bank has made some progress, more
remains to be done and the latest proposals for reforming the
Administrative Tribunal fall short in several respects. As long
as the Bank and the other IFIs are immune from the court
process, they need to ensure that complaints are independently
investigated and adjudicated according to due process standards
and procedures, and that managers are punished for misconduct,
especially retaliation, which has been a persistent problem.
The Committee also suggests that the Bank, International
Monetary Fund (IMF) and other IFIs examine the role that their
Legal Departments play in workplace misconduct cases. The
Bank's and IMF's lawyers have expended resources prolonging
cases that should have been settled quickly, or defended
management when it would have been in the interests of the
institution to represent the complainants, who often cannot
afford lawyers of their own. The response of the Bank and other
IFIs to these recommendations will continue to bear on
Congress' support for these institutions.
International Monetary Fund.--The Committee also has
concerns about the IMF's internal grievance procedures, which
in a recent case brought to the Committee's attention fell
short at virtually every step. The Committee is also concerned
about the IMF's failure to implement many of the
recommendations of its 1994 Working Group on the Status of
Women, especially those aimed at increasing the number of women
in managerial positions. The Committee calls on the IMF to
obtain a current regression analysis to determine what further
steps are needed to correct the persistent gender disparities
in hiring and promotion.
Domestic workers.--The Committee continues to receive
reports of the mistreatment of foreign domestic workers in the
homes of Bank and IMF employees. Some of these people, often
young women, have been lured to the United States under false
pretenses, had their passports taken from them, kept in virtual
servitude, and forced to work long hours for little pay. The
Committee requests the U.S. executive directors to the Bank and
IMF to report to the Committee by April 1, 2002, on the steps
being taken by these institutions to address this problem.
World Commission on Dams.--The Committee commends the World
Bank for its role in helping to establish the World Commission
on Dams (WCD), whose report, ``Dams and Development,''
addresses a complex, controversial subject in a balanced way,
including proposing comprehensive, practical and innovative
guidelines for future action. The Bank has a long and difficult
history in this area, and the WCD guidelines offer
opportunities for Bank investments in a wide range of sound
development efforts, including existing dam improvements,
alternatives to dams, and even new dam construction, as well as
a blueprint for correcting and avoiding the costly mistakes of
the past. The Committee urges the Bank to continue to engage
with the full range of interested parties in the implementation
of the WCD's report, and to integrate these guidelines to the
fullest extent practicable into the Bank's relevant operational
policies and directives, including those relating to
resettlement, environmental assessment, and water and energy
policies.
International Bank for Reconstruction and Development
INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATION [IDA]
Appropriations, 2001.................................... $775,000,000
Budget estimate, 2002................................... 803,400,000
House allowance......................................... 803,400,000
Committee recommendation................................ 775,000,000
GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT FACILITY
Appropriations, 2001.................................... $108,000,000
Budget estimate, 2002................................... 107,500,000
House allowance......................................... 82,500,000
Committee recommendation................................ 109,500,000
The Committee strongly supports the work of the Global
Environment Facility, which helps developing nations address a
number of important international environmental issues ranging
from climate change to protecting biodiversity. Despite the
fact that every dollar the U.S. contributes is matched by
almost $15 in financing from other countries, multilateral
institutions, the private sector, and NGOs, the United States
is more than $204,000,000 in arrears to the GEF. The Committee
notes that the shortage of funds is causing programs to be
postponed and other nations to delay making their payments to
the GEF. The Committee has provided the full amount for the
U.S. contribution to the GEF for fiscal year 2002, plus an
additional $2,000,000 as an initial payment of outstanding
arrears.
Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency
Appropriations, 2001.................................... $10,000,000
Budget estimate, 2002................................... 10,000,000
House allowance......................................... 0
Committee recommendation................................ 9,500,000
Inter-American Development Bank
INTER-AMERICAN INVESTMENT CORPORATION
Appropriations, 2001.................................... $25,000,000
Budget estimate, 2002................................... 25,000,000
House allowance......................................... 10,000,000
Committee recommendation................................ 20,000,000
ASIAN DEVELOPMENT FUND
Appropriations, 2001.................................... $72,000,000
Budget estimate, 2002................................... 103,017,050
House allowance......................................... 93,017,000
Committee recommendation................................ 103,017,050
AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT BANK
Appropriations, 2001.................................... $6,100,000
Budget estimate, 2002................................... 5,100,000
House allowance......................................... 5,100,000
Committee recommendation................................ 5,100,000
AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT FUND
Appropriations, 2001.................................... $100,000,000
Budget estimate, 2002................................... 100,000,000
House allowance......................................... 100,000,000
Committee recommendation................................ 100,000,000
European Bank for Reconstruction and Development
PAID-IN-CAPITAL
Appropriations, 2001.................................... $35,778,717
Budget estimate, 2002................................... 35,778,717
House allowance......................................... 35,778,717
Committee recommendation................................ 35,778,717
INTERNATIONAL FUND FOR AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT
Appropriations, 2001.................................... $5,000,000
Budget estimate, 2002................................... 20,000,000
House allowance......................................... 20,000,000
Committee recommendation................................ 20,000,000
The Committee commends IFAD for its participation in the
enhanced HIPC initiative and for working to ensure that debt
relief translates into real gains against poverty and hunger in
rural areas. IFAD's rural and agricultural development projects
help to achieve the poverty reductions and economic growth that
debt relief is also intended to promote. The Committee
recommends that the Administration explore ways to ensure that
HIPC participation does not diminish IFAD's future capacity to
assist the world's poor. The Committee also urges the
Administration to actively encourage other governments to
increase contributions that minimize HIPC participation's
impact on IFAD's level of operations.
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS AND PROGRAMS
Appropriations, 2001.................................... $186,000,000
Budget estimate, 2002................................... 186,000,000
House allowance......................................... 196,000,000
Committee recommendation................................ 217,000,000
The Committee has provided $217,000,000 for the
``International Organizations and Programs'' account. This
amount does not include funding for the Korean Peninsula Energy
Development Organization and the International Atomic Energy
Agency which are provided for in the Nonproliferation,
Antiterrorism, Demining, and Related Programs account.
UNITED NATIONS DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM
The Committee supports the efforts of the United Nations
Development Program (UNDP) to focus on key areas such as
democratic governance, HIV/AIDS, conflict prevention and post-
conflict reconstruction in developing and transition countries,
as well as its work to coordinate U.N. development agencies at
the country level. Like the House, the Committee recommends a
U.S. contribution of $97,300,000 for UNDP in fiscal year 2002,
which is $10,000,000 above the request.
UNITED NATIONS FUND FOR POPULATION ACTIVITIES
The Committee has provided $39,000,000 for the United
Nations Fund for Population Activities (UNFPA). UNFPA is the
world's largest organization that provides family planning
services in some 140 countries, including many that do not
receive assistance from USAID. The Committee notes that UNFPA
does not support abortion, but rather promotes voluntary
practices and improvements in reproductive health. The
Committee further notes that although the amount provided for
fiscal year 2002 is $14,000,000 above the Administration's
request, it is $11,000,000 less than the United States
contribution in fiscal year 1995. As in the past, no United
States funds may be used in China.
WORLD FOOD PROGRAM
The Committee strongly supports the work of the World Food
Program (WFP), which assisted 83 million of the world's poorest
people during calendar year 2000. The Committee notes that 56
million of these people were forced to flee their homes due to
natural or man-made disasters, and has provided an additional
$1,000,000 for WFP to upgrade its response to these crises.
UNITED NATIONS FUND FOR VICTIMS OF TORTURE
The Committee continues to support the United Nations Fund
for Victims of Torture and recommends a U.S. contribution of
$5,000,000 in fiscal year 2002. The Committee is aware that
this Fund supports nearly 100 treatment programs and projects
for victims of torture in over 50 countries. The Committee
urges the State Department to seek additional contributions
from other governments for the Fund.
UNITED NATIONS ENVIRONMENT PROGRAM
The Committee notes the work of the United Nations
Environment Program (UNEP) and supports the request of
$10,750,000 in fiscal year 2002, which is $750,000 above the
fiscal year 2001 level.
TITLE V
GENERAL PROVISIONS
Sec. 501. Obligations During Last Month of availability.
Sec. 502. Private and Voluntary Organizations.
Sec. 503. Limitation on Residence Expenses.
Sec. 504. Limitation on Expenses.
Sec. 505. Limitation on Representational Allowances.
Sec. 506. Prohibition on Financing Nuclear Goods.
Sec. 507. Prohibition Against Direct Funding for Certain
Countries.
Sec. 508. Military Coups.
Sec. 509. Transfers Between Accounts.
Sec. 510. Deobligation/Reobligation Authority.
Sec. 511. Availability of Funds.
Sec. 512. Limitation on Assistance to Countries in Default.
Sec. 513. Commerce and Trade.
Sec. 514. Surplus Commodities.
Sec. 515. Notification Requirements.
Sec. 516. Limitation on Availability of Funds for
International Organizations and Programs.
Sec. 517. Independent States of the Former Soviet Union.
Sec. 518. OPIC and Export-Import Bank Restrictions.
Sec. 519. Export Financing Transfer Authorities.
Sec. 520. Special Notification Requirements.
Sec. 521. Definition of Program, Project, and Activity.
Sec. 522. Child Survival and Health Activities.
Sec. 523. Prohibition Against Indirect Funding to Certain
Countries.
Sec. 524. Notification on Excess Defense Equipment.
Sec. 525. Authorization Requirement.
Sec. 526. Democracy Programs.
Sec. 527. Prohibition on Bilateral Assistance to Terrorist
Countries.
Sec. 528. Debt-For-Development.
Sec. 529. Separate Accounts.
Sec. 530. Compensation for United States Executive
Directors to International Financial Institutions.
Sec. 531. Compliance With United Nations Sanctions Against
Iraq.
Sec. 532. Authorities For the Peace Corps, International
Fund for Agriculture Development, Inter-American Foundation and
African Development Foundation.
Sec. 533. Impact on Jobs in the United States.
Sec. 534. Special Authorities.
Sec. 535. Policy on Terminating the Arab League Boycott of
Israel and Normalizing Relations With Israel.
Sec. 536. Administration of Justice Activities.
Sec. 537. Eligibility For Assistance.
Sec. 538. Earmarks.
Sec. 539. Ceilings and Earmarks.
Sec. 540. Prohibition on Publicity or Propaganda.
Sec. 541. Purchase of American-Made Equipment and Products.
Sec. 542. Prohibition of Payments to United Nations
Members.
Sec. 543. Nongovernmental Organization--Documentation.
Sec. 544. Prohibition on Assistance to Foreign Governments
That Export Lethal Military Equipment to Countries Supporting
International Terrorism.
Sec. 545. Withholding of Assistance for Parking Fines Owed
By Foreign Countries.
Sec. 546. Limitation on Assistance for the PLO for the West
Bank and Gaza.
Sec. 547. War Crimes Tribunal Drawdown.
Sec. 548. Landmines.
Sec. 549. Restrictions Concerning The Palestinian
Authority.
Sec. 550. Prohibition of Payment of Certain Expenses.
Sec. 551. Special Debt Relief for the Poorest.
Sec. 552. Authority to Engage in Debt Buybacks or Sales.
Sec. 553. Haiti Coast Guard.
Sec. 554. Limitation on Assistance to the Palestinian
Authority.
Sec. 555. Limitation on Assistance to Security Forces.
Sec. 556. Greenhouse Gas Emissions Report.
Sec. 557. Zimbabwe.
Sec. 558. Central America Relief and Reconstruction.
Sec. 559. Enterprise Fund Restrictions.
Sec. 560. Cambodia.
Sec. 561. Foreign Military Training Report.
Sec. 562. Korean Peninsula Energy Development Organization.
Sec. 563. Colombia.
Sec. 564. Illegal Armed Groups.
Sec. 565. Prohibition on Assistance to the Palestinian
Broadcasting Corporation.
Sec. 566. Iraq.
Sec. 567. West Bank and Gaza Program.
Sec. 568. Indonesia.
Sec. 569. Restrictions on Assistance to Governments
Destabilizing Sierra Leone.
Sec. 570. Voluntary Separation Incentives.
Sec. 571. American Churchwomen and Other Citizens in El
Salvador and Guatemala.
Sec. 572. Basic Education Assistance for Pakistan.
Sec. 573. Commercial Leasing of Defense Articles.
Sec. 574. War Criminals.
Sec. 575. Funding For Serbia.
Sec. 576. User Fees.
Sec. 577. Heavily Indebted Poor Countries Trust Fund
Authorization.
COMPLIANCE WITH PARAGRAPH 7, RULE XVI OF THE STANDING RULES OF THE
SENATE
Rule XVI, paragraph 7 requires that every report on a
general appropriation bill filed by the Committee must identify
each recommended amendment, with particularity, which proposes
an item of appropriation which is not made to carry out the
provisions of an existing law, a treaty stipulation, or an act
or resolution previously passed by the Senate during that
session.
Items providing funding for fiscal year 2002 which lack
authorization are as follows:
Export-Import Bank...................................... $753,323,000
Development assistance, including African Development
Foundation.......................................... 1,251,542,000
International disaster assistance....................... 255,000,000
Debt restructuring...................................... 235,000,000
Treasury technical assistance........................... 6,000,000
AID operating expenses.................................. 549,000,000
AID operating expenses, Office of Inspector General..... 32,000,000
Economic support fund................................... 2,249,000,000
Assistance for Eastern Europe and the Baltics........... 603,000,000
Assistance for the Independent States of the former
Soviet
Union............................................... 805,000,000
International narcotics control......................... 217,000,000
Migration and refugee assistance........................ 745,000,000
Nonproliferation, antiterrorism, demining, and related
programs............................................ 326,500,000
International military education and training........... 75,000,000
Foreign Military Financing Program...................... 3,674,000,000
Peacekeeping operations................................. 150,000,000
International organizations and programs................ 222,000,000
International Development Association Replenishment..... 775,000,000
Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency................ 10,000,000
COMPLIANCE WITH PARAGRAPH 7(C), RULE XXVI, OF THE STANDING RULES OF THE
SENATE
Pursuant to paragraph 7(c) of rule XXVI, the Committee
ordered reported, en bloc, H.R 2506, the Foreign Operations,
Export Financing, and Related Programs appropriations bill,
2002, and S. 1398, an original Treasury and General Government
appropriations bill, 2002, each subject to amendment and each
subject to its budget allocations, by a recorded vote of 29-0,
a quorum being present. The vote was as follows:
Yeas Nays
Chairman Byrd
Mr. Inouye
Mr. Hollings
Mr. Leahy
Mr. Harkin
Ms. Mikulski
Mr. Reid
Mr. Kohl
Mrs. Murray
Mr. Dorgan
Mrs. Feinstein
Mr. Durbin
Mr. Johnson
Mrs. Landrieu
Mr. Reed
Mr. Stevens
Mr. Cochran
Mr. Specter
Mr. Domenici
Mr. Bond
Mr. McConnell
Mr. Burns
Mr. Shelby
Mr. Gregg
Mr. Bennett
Mr. Campbell
Mr. Craig
Mrs. Hutchison
Mr. DeWine
COMPLIANCE WITH PARAGRAPH 12, RULE XXVI OF THE STANDING RULES OF THE
SENATE
Paragraph 12 of rule XXVI requires that Committee report on
a bill or joint resolution repealing or amending any statute or
part of any statute include ``(a) the text of the statute or
part thereof which is proposed to be repealed; and (b) a
comparative print of that part of the bill or joint resolution
making the amendment and of the statute or part thereof
proposed to be amended, showing by stricken-through type and
italics, parallel columns, or other appropriate typographical
devices the omissions and insertions which would be made by the
bill or joint resolution if enacted in the form recommended by
the committee.''
In compliance with this rule, the following changes in
existing law proposed to be made by the bill are shown as
follows: existing law to be omitted is enclosed in black
brackets, new matter is printed in italic, and existing law in
which no change is proposed is shown in roman.
TITLE 22--FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE
* * * * * * *
CHAPTER 39--ARMS EXPORT CONTROL
* * * * * * *
SUBCHAPTER III--MILITARY EXPORT CONTROLS
* * * * * * *
Sec. 2778. Control of arms exports and imports
* * * * * * *
Landmine Export Moratorium
* * * * * * *
(a) Findings.--The Congress makes the following findings:
* * * * * * *
(c) Moratorium on Transfers of Anti-Personnel Landmines
Abroad.--[During the 11-year period beginning on October 23,
1992] During the 16-year period beginning on October 23, 1992--
* * * * * * *
FOREIGN OPERATIONS, EXPORT FINANCING, AND RELATED PROGRAMS
APPROPRIATIONS ACT, 1996, PUBLIC LAW 104-107
* * * * * * *
TITLE IV--MULTILATERAL ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE
* * * * * * *
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS AND PROGRAMS
For necessary expenses to carry out the provisions of
section 301 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, and of
section 2 of the United Nations Environment Program
Participation Act of 1973, $285,000,000: Provided, That none of
the funds appropriated under this heading shall be made
available for the United Nations Fund for Science and
Technology: Provided further, That funds appropriated under
this heading may be made available for the International Atomic
Energy Agency only if the Secretary of State determines (and so
reports to the Congress) that Israel is not being denied its
right to participate in the activities of that Agency: Provided
further, That none of the funds appropriated under this heading
that are made available to the United Nations Population Fund
(UNFPA) shall be made available for activities in the People's
Republic of China: Provided further, That not more than
$30,000,000 of the funds appropriated under this heading may be
made available to the UNFPA: Provided further, That not more
than one-half of this amount may be provided to UNFPA before
March 1, 1996, and that no later than February 15, 1996, the
Secretary of State shall submit a report to the Committees on
Appropriations indicating the amount UNFPA is budgeting for the
People's Republic of China in 1996: Provided further, That any
amount UNFPA plans to spend in the People's Republic of China
in 1996 above $7,000,000, shall be deducted from the amount of
funds provided to UNFPA after March 1, 1996 pursuant to the
previous provisos: Provided further, That with respect to any
funds appropriated under this heading that are made available
to UNFPA, UNFPA shall be required to maintain such funds in a
separate account and not commingle them with any other funds:
Provided further, That funds may be made available to the
Korean Peninsula Energy Development Organization (KEDO) for
administrative expenses and heavy fuel oil costs associated
with the Agreed Framework: Provided further, That no funds may
be provided for KEDO for funding for administrative expenses
and heavy fuel oil costs beyond the total amount included for
KEDO in the fiscal year 1996 congressional presentation:
Provided further, That no funds may be made available under
this Act to KEDO unless the President determines and certifies
in writing to the Committees on Appropriations that (a) in
accordance with section 1 of the Agreed Framework, KEDO has
designated a Republic of Korea company, corporation or entity
for the purpose of negotiating a prime contract to carry out
construction of the light water reactors provided for in the
Agreed Framework; and (b) the Democratic People's Republic of
Korea is maintaining the freeze on its nuclear facilities as
required in the Agreed Framework; and (c) the United States is
taking steps to assure that progress is made on (1) the North-
South dialogue, including efforts to reduce barriers to trade
and investment, such as removing restrictions on travel,
telecommunications services and financial transactions; and (2)
implementation of the January 1, 1992, Joint Declaration on the
Denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula[: Provided further,
That a report on the specific efforts with regard to
subsections (a), (b) and (c) of the preceding proviso shall be
submitted by the President to the Committees on Appropriations
six months after the date of enactment of this Act, and every
six months thereafter].
* * * * * * *
CONSOLIDATED APPROPRIATIONS ACT, 2000, PUBLIC LAW 106-113
* * * * * * *
APPENDIX B--H.R. 3422
* * * * * * *
TITLE V--GENERAL PROVISIONS
* * * * * * *
Voluntary Separation Incentives for Employees of the United States
Agency for International Development
Sec. 579. (a) Definitions.--For the purposes of this
section--
* * * * * * *
(c) Authority To Provide Voluntary Separation Incentive
Payments.--
* * * * * * *
(2) Amount and treatment of payments.--A voluntary
separation incentive payment under this section--
(A) * * *
* * * * * * *
(D) may not be made except in the case of
any employee who voluntarily separates (whether
by retirement or resignation) on or before
[December 31, 2001] December 31, 2002;
* * * * * * *
FOREIGN OPERATIONS, EXPORT FINANCING, AND RELATED PROGRAMS
APPROPRIATIONS ACT, 2001, PUBLIC LAW 106-429
* * * * * * *
APPENDIX A--H.R. 5526
* * * * * * *
TITLE II--BILATERAL ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE
BURMA
Of the funds appropriated under the headings ``Economic
Support Fund'', ``Child Survival and Disease Programs Fund'',
and ``Development Assistance'', not less than $6,500,000 shall
be made available to support democracy activities in Burma,
democracy and humanitarian activities along the Burma-Thailand
border, and for Burmese student groups and other organizations
located outside Burma: Provided, That funds made available for
Burma-related activities under this heading may be made
available notwithstanding any other provision of law: Provided
further, That the provision of such funds shall be made
available subject to the regular notification procedures of the
Committees on Appropriations.
* * * * * * *
TITLE VIII--INTERNATIONAL DEBT FORGIVENESS AND INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL
INSTITUTIONS REFORM
SEC. 801. DEBT RELIEF UNDER THE HEAVILY INDEBTED POOR COUNTRIES (HIPC)
INITIATIVE.
(a) * * *
* * * * * * *
(b) Contributions to HIPC Trust Fund.--
(1) Authorization of appropriations for
contributions.--There is authorized to be appropriated
for the period beginning October 1, 2000, and ending
September 30, 2003, [$435,000,000] $600,000,000 for
purposes of United States contributions to the Heavily
Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) Trust Fund administered
by the Bank.
* * * * * * *
BUDGETARY IMPACT OF BILL
PREPARED IN CONSULTATION WITH THE CONGRESSIONAL BUDGET OFFICE PURSUANT TO SEC. 308(a), PUBLIC LAW 93-344, AS
AMENDED
[In millions of dollars]
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Budget authority Outlays
---------------------------------------------------
Committee Amount of Committee Amount of
allocation bill allocation bill
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Comparison of amounts in the bill with Committee allocations
to its subcommittees of amounts in the First Concurrent
Resolution for 2002: Subcommittee on Foreign Operations:
General purpose, non-defense discretion- ary........... 15,524 15,524 NA NA
General purpose......................................... NA NA 15,149 15,149
Mandatory............................................... 45 45 45 \1\ 45
Projection of outlays associated with the recommendation:
2002.................................................... ........... ........... ........... \2\ 5,625
2003.................................................... ........... ........... ........... 4,953
2004.................................................... ........... ........... ........... 2,552
2005.................................................... ........... ........... ........... 1,020
2006 and future years................................... ........... ........... ........... 1,204
Financial assistance to State and local governments for 2002 NA ........... NA ...........
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Includes outlays from prior-year budget authority.
\2\ Excludes outlays from prior-year budget authority.
NA: Not applicable.
COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF NEW BUDGET (OBLIGATIONAL) AUTHORITY FOR FISCAL YEAR 2001 AND BUDGET ESTIMATES AND AMOUNTS RECOMMENDED IN THE BILL FOR FISCAL YEAR 2002
[In thousands of dollars]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Senate Committee recommendation compared with (+ or
)
Item 2001 Budget estimate House allowance Committee -----------------------------------------------------
appropriation recommendation 2001
appropriation Budget estimate House allowance
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TITLE I--EXPORT AND INVESTMENT ASSISTANCE
EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF THE UNITED STATES
Subsidy appropriation............................................. 865,000 633,323 738,323 753,323 -111,677 +120,000 +15,000
(Direct loan authorization)....................................... (865,000) (152,000) (950,000) (950,000) (+85,000) (+798,000) ................
(Guaranteed loan authorization)................................... (13,535,000) (11,335,000) (12,700,000) (12,700,000) (-835,000) (+1,365,000) ................
Administrative expenses........................................... 62,000 65,000 60,000 64,000 +2,000 -1,000 +4,000
Negative subsidy.................................................. -15,000 -11,000 -11,000 -11,000 +4,000 ................ ................
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, Export-Import Bank of the United States.............. 912,000 687,323 787,323 806,323 -105,677 +119,000 +19,000
OVERSEAS PRIVATE INVESTMENT CORPORATION
Noncredit account:
Administrative expenses....................................... 38,000 38,608 38,608 38,608 +608 ................ ................
Insurance fees and other offsetting collections............... -283,000 -290,000 -290,000 -290,000 -7,000 ................ ................
Subsidy appropriation............................................. 24,000 ................ ................ ................ -24,000 ................ ................
(Direct loan authorization)....................................... (127,000) (45,000) (45,000) (45,000) (-82,000) ................ ................
(Guaranteed loan authorization)................................... (1,000,000) (1,152,000) (1,152,000) (1,152,000) (+152,000) ................ ................
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, Overseas Private Investment Corporation.............. -221,000 -251,392 -251,392 -251,392 -30,392 ................ ................
TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY
Trade and development agency...................................... 50,000 50,024 50,024 50,024 +24 ................ ................
=============================================================================================================================
Total, title I, Export and investment assistance............ 741,000 485,955 585,955 604,955 -136,045 +119,000 +19,000
(Loan authorizations)................................... (15,527,000) (12,684,000) (14,847,000) (14,847,000) (-680,000) (+2,163,000) ................
=============================================================================================================================
TITLE II--BILATERAL ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE
FUNDS APPROPRIATED TO THE PRESIDENT
Agency for International Development
Child survival and disease programs fund.......................... 1,053,000 991,000 1,425,000 1,455,500 +402,500 +464,500 +30,500
Rescission of unobligated balances............................ ................ -20,000 ................ ................ ................ +20,000 ................
UNICEF........................................................ (110,000) (110,000) (120,000) (120,000) (+10,000) (+10,000) ................
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subtotal, Child survival (net).............................. 1,053,000 971,000 1,425,000 1,455,500 +402,500 +484,500 +30,500
Development assistance............................................ 1,305,000 1,325,000 1,098,000 1,235,000 -70,000 -90,000 +137,000
International disaster assistance................................. 165,000 200,000 201,000 255,000 +90,000 +55,000 +54,000
Supplemental funding.......................................... 135,000 ................ ................ ................ -135,000 ................ ................
Transition Initiatives............................................ 50,000 50,000 40,000 52,500 +2,500 +2,500 +12,500
(By transfer)................................................. (5,000) ................ ................ ................ (-5,000) ................ ................
Micro and Small Enterprise Development program account:
Subsidy appropriation......................................... 1,500 ................ ................ ................ -1,500 ................ ................
(Guaranteed loan authorization)............................... (30,000) ................ ................ ................ (-30,000) ................ ................
Administrative expenses....................................... 500 ................ ................ ................ -500 ................ ................
Development credit authority:
Subsidy appropriation......................................... 1,500 ................ ................ ................ -1,500 ................ ................
(By transfer)................................................. (5,000) (25,000) (12,500) (25,000) (+20,000) ................ (+12,500)
(Guaranteed loan authorization)............................... (49,700) (355,000) (177,500) (355,000) (+305,300) ................ (+177,500)
Administrative expenses....................................... 4,000 7,500 7,500 7,500 +3,500 ................ ................
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subtotal, development assistance............................ 2,715,500 2,553,500 2,771,500 3,005,500 +290,000 +452,000 +234,000
Payment to the Foreign Service Retirement and Disability Fund..... 44,489 44,880 44,880 44,880 +391 ................ ................
Operating expenses of the Agency for International Development.... 520,000 549,000 549,000 549,000 +29,000 ................ ................
(By transfer)................................................. (1,000) ................ ................ ................ (-1,000) ................ ................
Supplemental funding.......................................... 13,000 ................ ................ ................ -13,000 ................ ................
Operating expenses of the Agency for International Development 27,000 32,000 30,000 32,000 +5,000 ................ +2,000
Office of Inspector General......................................
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, Agency for International Development (net)........... 3,319,989 3,179,380 3,395,380 3,631,380 +311,391 +452,000 +236,000
Other Bilateral Economic Assistance
Economic support fund:
Camp David countries.......................................... 1,535,000 1,375,000 1,375,000 1,375,000 -160,000 ................ ................
Other......................................................... 750,000 879,000 824,000 864,500 +114,500 -14,500 +40,500
Rescission of unobligated balances............................ ................ -5,000 ................ ................ ................ +5,000 ................
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subtotal, Economic support fund (net)....................... 2,285,000 2,249,000 2,199,000 2,239,500 -45,500 -9,500 +40,500
International Fund for Ireland.................................... 25,000 ................ 25,000 ................ -25,000 ................ -25,000
Assistance for Eastern Europe and the Baltic States............... 600,000 605,000 600,000 603,000 +3,000 -2,000 +3,000
Supplemental funding.......................................... 75,825 ................ ................ ................ -75,825 ................ ................
Assistance for the Independent States of the former Soviet Union.. 810,000 808,000 768,000 800,000 -10,000 -8,000 +32,000
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, Other Bilateral Economic Assistance (net)............ 3,795,825 3,662,000 3,592,000 3,642,500 -153,325 -19,500 +50,500
INDEPENDENT AGENCIES
Inter-American Foundation
Appropriation..................................................... ................ ................ 12,000 13,107 +13,107 +13,107 +1,107
(By transfer)................................................. (12,000) (12,108) ................ ................ (-12,000) (-12,108) ................
African Development Foundation
Appropriation..................................................... ................ ................ 16,042 16,542 +16,542 +16,542 +500
(By transfer)................................................. (16,000) (16,042) ................ ................ (-16,000) (-16,042) ................
Peace Corps
Appropriation..................................................... 265,000 275,000 275,000 275,000 +10,000 ................ ................
Department of State
International narcotics control and law enforcement............... 325,000 217,000 217,000 217,000 -108,000 ................ ................
Andean Counterdrug Initiative..................................... ................ 731,000 675,000 567,000 +567,000 -164,000 -108,000
Migration and refugee assistance.................................. 700,000 715,000 715,000 735,000 +35,000 +20,000 +20,000
United States Emergency Refugee and Migration Assistance Fund..... 15,000 15,000 15,000 15,000 ................ ................ ................
Nonproliferation, anti-terrorism, demining and related programs... 311,600 332,000 311,000 326,500 +14,900 -5,500 +15,500
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, Department of State.................................. 1,351,600 2,010,000 1,933,000 1,860,500 +508,900 -149,500 -72,500
=============================================================================================================================
Department of the Treasury
International affairs technical assistance........................ 6,000 6,000 6,000 6,000 ................ ................ ................
Global Fund to Fight HIV/AIDS, Malaria, and Tuberculosis.......... ................ 100,000 ................ ................ ................ -100,000 ................
Debt restructuring................................................ 238,000 224,000 224,000 235,000 -3,000 +11,000 +11,000
Supplemental funding.......................................... 210,000 ................ ................ ................ -210,000 ................ ................
United States community adjustment and investment program......... ................ 500 ................ ................ ................ -500 ................
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subtotal, Department of the Treasury........................ 454,000 330,500 230,000 241,000 -213,000 -89,500 +11,000
=============================================================================================================================
Total, title II, Bilateral economic assistance (net)........ 9,186,414 9,456,880 9,453,422 9,680,029 +493,615 +223,149 +226,607
Appropriations...................................... (8,752,589) (9,481,880) (9,453,422) (9,680,029) (+927,440) (+198,149) (+226,607)
Emergency appropriations............................ (433,825) ................ ................ ................ (-433,825) ................ ................
Rescission.......................................... ................ (-25,000) ................ ................ ................ (+25,000) ................
(By transfer)........................................... (39,000) (53,150) (12,500) (25,000) (-14,000) (-28,150) (+12,500)
(Loan authorizations)................................... (79,700) (355,000) (177,500) (355,000) (+275,300) ................ (+177,500)
=============================================================================================================================
TITLE III--MILITARY ASSISTANCE
FUNDS APPROPRIATED TO THE PRESIDENT
International Military Education and Training..................... 55,000 65,000 65,000 75,000 +20,000 +10,000 +10,000
Supplemental funding.......................................... 2,875 ................ ................ ................ -2,875 ................ ................
Foreign Military Financing Program:
Grants:
Camp David countries...................................... 3,280,000 3,340,000 3,340,000 3,340,000 +60,000 ................ ................
Other..................................................... 265,000 334,000 287,000 334,000 +69,000 ................ +47,000
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subtotal, grants........................................ 3,545,000 3,674,000 3,627,000 3,674,000 +129,000 ................ +47,000
(Limitation on administrative expenses)....................... (33,000) (35,000) (35,000) (35,000) (+2,000) ................ ................
Supplemental funding.......................................... 31,000 ................ ................ ................ -31,000 ................ ................
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, Foreign Military Financing........................... 3,576,000 3,674,000 3,627,000 3,674,000 +98,000 ................ +47,000
Peacekeeping operations........................................... 127,000 150,000 135,000 140,000 +13,000 -10,000 +5,000
=============================================================================================================================
Total, title III, Military assistance (net)................. 3,760,875 3,889,000 3,827,000 3,889,000 +128,125 ................ +62,000
Appropriations...................................... (3,727,000) (3,889,000) (3,827,000) (3,889,000) (+162,000) ................ (+62,000)
Emergency appropriations............................ (33,875) ................ ................ ................ (-33,875) ................ ................
(Limitation on administrative expenses)................. (33,000) (35,000) (35,000) (35,000) (+2,000) ................ ................
=============================================================================================================================
TITLE IV--MULTILATERAL ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE
FUNDS APPROPRIATED TO THE PRESIDENT
International Financial Institutions
World Bank Group
Contribution to the International Bank for Reconstruction and 108,000 107,500 82,500 109,500 +1,500 +2,000 +27,000
Development: Global Environment Facility.........................
Contribution to the International Development Association......... 775,000 803,400 803,400 775,000 ................ -28,400 -28,400
Contribution to Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency.......... 10,000 10,000 ................ 9,500 -500 -500 +9,500
(Limitation on callable capital subscriptions)................ (50,000) (50,000) (50,000) (50,000) ................ ................ ................
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, World Bank Group..................................... 893,000 920,900 885,900 894,000 +1,000 -26,900 +8,100
Contribution to the Inter-American Development Bank:
Paid-in capital............................................... ................ ................ ................ ................ ................ ................ ................
Contribution to the Inter-American Investment Corporation..... 25,000 25,000 10,000 20,000 -5,000 -5,000 +10,000
Contribution to the Enterprise for the Americas Multilateral 10,000 ................ ................ ................ -10,000 ................ ................
Investment Fund..............................................
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, contribution to the Inter-American Development 35,000 25,000 10,000 20,000 -15,000 -5,000 +10,000
Bank.....................................................
Contribution to the Asian Development Bank:
Paid-in capital............................................... ................ ................ ................ ................ ................ ................ ................
Contribution to the Asian Development Fund.................... 72,000 103,017 93,017 103,017 +31,017 ................ +10,000
Contribution to the African Development Bank:
Paid-in capital............................................... 6,100 5,100 5,100 5,100 -1,000 ................ ................
(Limitation on callable capital subscriptions)................ (97,549) (79,992) (79,992) (79,992) (-17,557) ................ ................
Contribution to the African Development Fund.................. 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 ................ ................ ................
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total....................................................... 106,100 105,100 105,100 105,100 -1,000 ................ ................
Contribution to the European Bank for Reconstruction and
Development:
Paid-in capital............................................... 35,779 35,779 35,779 35,779 ................ ................ ................
(Limitation on callable capital subscriptions)................ (123,238) (123,238) (123,238) (123,238) ................ ................ ................
Contribution to the International Fund for Agricultural 5,000 20,000 20,000 20,000 +15,000 ................ ................
Development......................................................
=============================================================================================================================
Total, International Financial Institutions................. 1,146,879 1,209,796 1,149,796 1,177,896 +31,017 -31,900 +28,100
(Limitation on callable capital subscript).............. (270,787) (253,230) (253,230) (253,230) (-17,557) ................ ................
International Organizations and Programs
Appropriation..................................................... 186,000 186,000 196,000 217,000 +31,000 +31,000 +21,000
=============================================================================================================================
Total, title IV, Multilateral economic assistance........... 1,332,879 1,395,796 1,345,796 1,394,896 +62,017 -900 +49,100
(Limitation on callable capital subscript).............. (270,787) (253,230) (253,230) (253,230) (-17,557) ................ ................
=============================================================================================================================
Grand total (net)........................................... 15,021,168 15,227,631 15,212,173 15,568,880 +547,712 +341,249 +356,707
Appropriations...................................... (14,553,468) (15,252,631) (15,212,173) (15,568,880) (+1,015,412) (+316,249) (+356,707)
Rescissions......................................... ................ (-25,000) ................ ................ ................ (+25,000) ................
Emergency appropriations............................ (467,700) ................ ................ ................ (-467,700) ................ ................
(By transfer)........................................... (39,000) (53,150) (12,500) (25,000) (-14,000) (-28,150) (+12,500)
(Limitation on administrative expenses)................. (33,000) (35,000) (35,000) (35,000) (+2,000) ................ ................
(Limitation on callable capital subscript).............. (270,787) (253,230) (253,230) (253,230) (-17,557) ................ ................
(Loan authorizations)................................... (15,606,700) (13,039,000) (15,024,500) (15,202,000) (-404,700) (+2,163,000) (+177,500)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------