[House Report 107-266]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]



107th Congress                                                   Report
                        HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
 1st Session                                                    107-266

======================================================================



 
         GERALD B. H. SOLOMON FREEDOM CONSOLIDATION ACT OF 2001

                                _______
                                

November 5, 2001.--Committed to the Committee of the Whole House on the 
              State of the Union and ordered to be printed

                                _______
                                

Mr. Hyde, from the Committee on International Relations, submitted the 
                               following

                              R E P O R T

                        [To accompany H.R. 3167]

    The Committee on International Relations, to whom was 
referred the bill (H.R. 3167) to endorse the vision of further 
enlargement of the NATO Alliance articulated by President 
George W. Bush on June 15, 2001, and by former President 
William J. Clinton on October 22, 1996, and for other purposes, 
having considered the same, reports favorably thereon with an 
amendment and recommends that the bill, as amended, do pass.

                           TABLE OF CONTENTS

                                                                   Page
The Amendment....................................................     2
Background and Purpose...........................................     3
Hearings.........................................................     4
Committee Consideration..........................................     4
Votes of the Committee...........................................     5
Committee Oversight Findings.....................................     5
New Budget Authority and Tax Expenditures........................     5
Committee Cost Estimate..........................................     5
Performance Goals and Objectives.................................     5
Constitutional Authority Statement...............................     5
Section-by-Section Analysis......................................     5
New Advisory Committees..........................................     7
Congressional Accountability Act.................................     7
Federal Mandates.................................................     7
Changes in Existing Law Made by the Bill, as Reported............     7

                             The Amendment

    The amendment is as follows:
    Strike all after the enacting clause and insert the 
following:

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Gerald B. H. Solomon Freedom 
Consolidation Act of 2001''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

    The Congress makes the following findings:
            (1) In the NATO Participation Act of 1994 (title II of 
        Public Law 103-447; 22 U.S.C. 1928 note), Congress declared 
        that ``full and active participants in the Partnership for 
        Peace in a position to further the principles of the North 
        Atlantic Treaty and to contribute to the security of the North 
        Atlantic area should be invited to become full NATO members in 
        accordance with Article 10 of such Treaty at an early date . . 
        .''.
            (2) In the NATO Enlargement Facilitation Act of 1996 (title 
        VI of section 101(c) of title I of division A of Public Law 
        104-208; 22 U.S.C. 1928 note), Congress called for the prompt 
        admission of Poland, Hungary, the Czech Republic, and Slovenia 
        to NATO, and declared that ``in order to promote economic 
        stability and security in Slovakia, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, 
        Romania, Bulgaria, Albania, Moldova, and Ukraine . . . the 
        process of enlarging NATO to include emerging democracies in 
        Central and Eastern Europe should not be limited to 
        consideration of admitting Poland, Hungary, the Czech Republic, 
        and Slovenia as full members of the NATO Alliance''.
            (3) In the European Security Act of 1998 (title XXVII of 
        division G of Public Law 105-277; 22 U.S.C. 1928 note), 
        Congress declared that ``Poland, Hungary, and the Czech 
        Republic should not be the last emerging democracies in Central 
        and Eastern Europe invited to join NATO'' and that ``Romania, 
        Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and Bulgaria . . . would make an 
        outstanding contribution to furthering the goals of NATO and 
        enhancing stability, freedom, and peace in Europe should they 
        become NATO members [and] upon complete satisfaction of all 
        relevant criteria should be invited to become full NATO members 
        at the earliest possible date''.
            (4) At the Madrid Summit of the NATO Alliance in July 1997, 
        Poland, Hungary, and the Czech Republic were invited to join 
        the Alliance in the first round of NATO enlargement, and the 
        NATO heads of state and government issued a declaration stating 
        ``[t]he Alliance expects to extend further invitations in 
        coming years to nations willing and able to assume the 
        responsibilities and obligations of membership . . . [n]o 
        European democratic country whose admission would fulfill the 
        objectives of the [North Atlantic] Treaty will be excluded from 
        consideration''.
            (5) At the Washington Summit of the NATO Alliance in April 
        1999, the NATO heads of state and government issued a 
        communique declaring ``[w]e pledge that NATO will continue to 
        welcome new members in a position to further the principles of 
        the [North Atlantic] Treaty and contribute to peace and 
        security in the Euro-Atlantic area . . . [t]he three new 
        members will not be the last . . . [n]o European democratic 
        country whose admission would fulfill the objectives of the 
        Treaty will be excluded from consideration, regardless of its 
        geographic location . . .''.
            (6) In late 2002, NATO will hold a summit in Prague, the 
        Czech Republic, at which it will decide which additional 
        emerging democracies in Central and Eastern Europe to invite to 
        join the Alliance in the next round of NATO enlargement.
            (7) In May 2000 in Vilnius, Lithuania, the foreign 
        ministers of Albania, Bulgaria, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, the 
        Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Romania, Slovakia, and 
        Slovenia issued a statement (later joined by Croatia) declaring 
        that their countries will cooperate in jointly seeking NATO 
        membership in the next round of NATO enlargement, that the 
        realization of NATO membership by one or more of these 
        countries would be a success for all, and that eventual NATO 
        membership for all of these countries would be a success for 
        Europe and NATO.
            (8) On June 15, 2001, in a speech in Warsaw, Poland, 
        President George W. Bush stated ``[a]ll of Europe's new 
        democracies, from the Baltic to the Black Sea and all that lie 
        between, should have the same chance for security and freedom--
        and the same chance to join the institutions of Europe--as 
        Europe's old democracies have . . . I believe in NATO 
        membership for all of Europe's democracies that seek it and are 
        ready to share the responsibilities that NATO brings . . . [a]s 
        we plan to enlarge NATO, no nation should be used as a pawn in 
        the agenda of others . . . [w]e will not trade away the fate of 
        free European peoples . . . [n]o more Munichs . . . [n]o more 
        Yaltas . . . [a]s we plan the Prague Summit, we should not 
        calculate how little we can get away with, but how much we can 
        do to advance the cause of freedom''.
            (9) On October 22, 1996, in a speech in Detroit, Michigan, 
        former President William J. Clinton stated ``NATO's doors will 
        not close behind its first new members . . . NATO should remain 
        open to all of Europe's emerging democracies who are ready to 
        shoulder the responsibilities of membership . . . [n]o nation 
        will be automatically excluded . . . [n]o country outside NATO 
        will have a veto 
. . . [a] gray zone of insecurity must not reemerge in Europe''.

SEC. 3. DECLARATIONS OF POLICY.

    Congress--
            (1) reaffirms its previous expressions of support for 
        continued enlargement of the NATO Alliance contained in the 
        NATO Participation Act of 1994, the NATO Enlargement 
        Facilitation Act of 1996, and the European Security Act of 
        1998;
            (2) supports the commitment to further enlargement of the 
        NATO Alliance expressed by the Alliance in its Madrid 
        Declaration of 1997 and its Washington Summit Communique of 
        1999; and
            (3) endorses the vision of further enlargement of the NATO 
        Alliance articulated by President George W. Bush on June 15, 
        2001, and by former President William J. Clinton on October 22, 
        1996, and urges our NATO allies to work with the United States 
        to realize this vision at the Prague Summit in 2002.

SEC. 4. DESIGNATION OF SLOVAKIA TO RECEIVE ASSISTANCE UNDER THE NATO 
                    PARTICIPATION ACT OF 1994.

    (a) In General.--Slovakia is designated as eligible to receive 
assistance under the program established under section 203(a) of the 
NATO Participation Act of 1994 (title II of Public Law 103-447; 22 
U.S.C. 1928 note) and shall be deemed to have been so designated 
pursuant to section 203(d)(1) of such Act.
    (b) Rule of Construction.--The designation of Slovakia pursuant to 
subsection (a) as eligible to receive assistance under the program 
established under section 203(a) of the NATO Participation Act of 
1994--
            (1) is in addition to the designation of Poland, Hungary, 
        the Czech Republic, and Slovenia pursuant to section 606 of the 
        NATO Enlargement Facilitation Act of 1996 (title VI of section 
        101(c) of title I of division A of Public Law 104-208; 22 
        U.S.C. 1928 note) and the designation of Romania, Estonia, 
        Latvia, Lithuania, and Bulgaria pursuant to section 2703(b) of 
        the European Security Act of 1998 (title XXVII of division G of 
        Public Law 105-277; 22 U.S.C. 1928 note) as eligible to receive 
        assistance under the program established under section 203(a) 
        of the NATO Participation Act of 1994; and
            (2) shall not preclude the designation by the President of 
        other emerging democracies in Central and Eastern Europe 
        pursuant to section 203(d)(2) of the NATO Participation Act of 
        1994 as eligible to receive assistance under the program 
        established under section 203(a) of such Act.

SEC. 5. AUTHORIZATION OF SECURITY ASSISTANCE FOR COUNTRIES DESIGNATED 
                    UNDER THE NATO PARTICIPATION ACT OF 1994.

    (a) Authorization of Foreign Military Financing.--Of the amounts 
made available for fiscal year 2002 under section 23 of the Arms Export 
Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2763)--
            (1) $6,500,000 is authorized to be available on a grant 
        basis for Estonia;
            (2) $7,000,000 is authorized to be available on a grant 
        basis for Latvia;
            (3) $7,500,000 is authorized to be available on a grant 
        basis for Lithuania;
            (4) $8,500,000 is authorized to be available on a grant 
        basis for Slovakia;
            (5) $4,500,000 is authorized to be available on a grant 
        basis for Slovenia;
            (6) $10,000,000 is authorized to be available on a grant 
        basis for Bulgaria; and
            (7) $11,500,000 is authorized to be available on a grant 
        basis for Romania.
    (b) Conforming Amendment.--Subsection (a) of section 515 of the 
Security Assistance Act of 2000 (Public Law 106-280) is amended by 
striking paragraphs (1), (5), (6), (7), and (8) and redesignating 
paragraphs (2), (3), (4), and (9) as paragraphs (1) through (4), 
respectively.

                         Background and Purpose

    Following the end of the Cold War, the question arose 
whether the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), which 
was indispensable to the West's victory in that struggle, was 
of any continuing relevance in the post-Cold War era. The 
Committee on International Relations has consistently taken the 
view that NATO has a vital role to play in consolidating 
democracy, respect for human rights and free markets in the 
newly free countries of Central and Eastern Europe.
    The Committee has expressed this view in a number of 
previous bills, including the NATO Participation Act of 1994 
(title II of Public Law 103-447), the NATO Enlargement 
Facilitation Act of 1996 (title VI of section 101(c) of title I 
of division A of Public Law 104-208), and the European Security 
Act of 1998 (title XXVII of division G of Public Law 105-277). 
The Committee believes that these efforts contributed to the 
decision of NATO in 1997 to enlarge to include Poland, Hungary, 
and the Czech Republic.
    The remaining countries of Central and Eastern Europe that 
aspire to join the Alliance had hoped that NATO would initiate 
a second round of enlargement at its Washington Summit in 
April, 1999. In the end, the Alliance chose at that summit to 
postpone decisions on further enlargement to the next NATO 
summit. That summit has now been scheduled for late 2002 in 
Prague, the Czech Republic.
    On June 15, 2001, President George W. Bush gave a speech in 
Warsaw, Poland, in which he called upon NATO to agree to a 
robust second round of enlargement at the Prague Summit. This 
speech was consistent with a speech given by President William 
J. Clinton in Detroit, Michigan, on October 22, 1996, in which 
he insisted that NATO not close the door to new members 
following its first round of enlargement.
    This legislation endorses the vision of further NATO 
enlargement articulated by Presidents Bush and Clinton.

                                Hearings

    The issue of NATO enlargement figures prominently in any 
discussion of U.S. policy toward Europe or the former Soviet 
Union. Accordingly, it was addressed by Secretary of State 
Colin Powell in his March 7, 2001, testimony before the 
Committee on the subject of ``Reinvigorating U.S. Foreign 
Policy.'' The issue was also explored in the Subcommittee on 
Europe's April 25, 2001, hearing on ``The U.S.-European 
Relationship: Opportunities and Challenges.'' The witnesses at 
that hearing included Dr. Simon Serfaty, Director of the Europe 
Program of the Center for Strategic and International Studies; 
Dr. Charles Kupchan, Senior Fellow and Director of European 
Studies of the Council on Foreign Relations; and Dr. Willard 
Berry, President of the European-American Business Council.

                        Committee Consideration

    On November 1, 2001, the Committee on International 
Relations marked up the bill, H.R. 3167, pursuant to notice, in 
open session. The Committee adopted one amendment, offered 
jointly by Representative Bereuter and Representative Gilman, 
to change the short title of the bill to the ``Gerald B. H. 
Solomon Freedom Consolidation Act of 2001.'' The amendment was 
adopted by voice vote. The Committee agreed to a motion to 
report favorably the bill, as amended, to the House of 
Representatives, by a voice vote, a quorum being present.

                         Votes of the Committee

    There were no record votes of the Committee.

                      Committee Oversight Findings

    In compliance with clause 3(c)(1) of rule XIII of the Rules 
of the House of Representatives, the Committee reports that the 
findings and recommendations of the Committee, based on 
oversight activities under clause 2(b)(1) of rule X of the 
Rules of the House of Representatives, are incorporated in the 
descriptive portions of this report.

               New Budget Authority and Tax Expenditures

    Clause 3(c)(2) of House Rule XIII is inapplicable because 
this legislation does not provide new budgetary authority or 
increased tax expenditures.

                        Committee Cost Estimate

    The Committee estimates the cost for the bill to be $55.5 
million if all authorized funds are appropriated.

                    Performance Goals and Objectives

    The goals and objectives of this legislation are to support 
the realization of the vision of further enlargement of the 
NATO Alliance articulated by President George W. Bush on June 
15, 2001, and by former President William J. Clinton on October 
22, 1996.

                   Constitutional Authority Statement

    Pursuant to clause 3(d)(1) of rule XIII of the Rules of the 
House of Representatives, the Committee finds the authority for 
this legislation in article 8, section 1, clause 18 of the 
Constitution.

               Section-by-Section Analysis and Discussion

Section 1. Short Title.
    Provides that this Act may be cited as the ``Gerald B. H. 
Solomon Freedom Consolidation Act of 2001.''
    Gerald B. H. Solomon, former Chairman of the Committee on 
Rules and a former member of the Committee on International 
Relations, died on October 26, 2001. Throughout his 20 years in 
Congress he was a strong and consistent supporter of the North 
Atlantic Treaty Organization. Following the end of the Cold War 
he became an ardent proponent of NATO enlargement, and in 1998 
published a book on the subject entitled ``The NATO Enlargement 
Debate, 1990-1997: Blessings of Liberty.'' The Committee felt 
it appropriate that this bill, which seeks to advance his 
vision of further NATO enlargement, be named in his honor.
Section 2. Findings.
    Sets forth findings which, among other things, recall 
statements by Congress in previously-enacted legislation 
supporting continued NATO enlargement, statements adopted at 
previous NATO summits committing the Alliance to continued 
enlargement. The findings also endorse the objectives of the 
Vilnius 10 group of prospective applicants. The findings also 
quote at length from President George W. Bush's speech in 
Warsaw, Poland of June 15, 2001, and former President William 
J. Clinton's speech in Detroit Michigan of October 22, 1996, 
both of which called for further enlargement of the NATO 
Alliance following the first round of enlargement.
Section 3. Declarations of Policy.
    Sets forth declarations of policy by Congress, including a 
reaffirmation of the expressions of support for continued 
enlargement of NATO contained in previously-enacted 
legislation, and support for statements adopted at previous 
NATO summits committing the Alliance to continued enlargement.
    In addition, there is a specific endorsement of the vision 
of further enlargement of the NATO Alliance articulated by 
President George W. Bush on June 15, 2001, and by former 
President William J. Clinton on October 22, 1996.
Section 4. Designation of Slovakia to Receive Assistance Under the NATO 
        Participation Act of 1994.
    Designates Slovakia as eligible to receive assistance under 
the program established under section 203(a) of the NATO 
Participation Act of 1994. Provides that this designation is in 
addition to the previous designations of Poland, Hungary, the 
Czech Republic, Slovenia, Romania, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, 
and Bulgaria as eligible to receive assistance under the 
program established under section 203(a) of the NATO 
Participation Act of 1994. Further provides that this 
designation shall not preclude the designation by the President 
of other emerging democracies in Central and Eastern Europe 
pursuant to section 203(d)(2) of the NATO Participation Act of 
1994 as eligible to receive assistance under the program 
established under section 203(a) of such Act.
Section 5. Authorization of Security Assistance For Countries 
        Designated Under the NATO Participation Act of 1994.
    Authorizes assistance under section 23 of the Arms Export 
Control Act for Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Slovakia, Slovenia, 
and Bulgaria from funds made available under such section for 
fiscal year 2002. The authorization levels are set at the level 
requested by the Administration for these countries in its FY 
2002 budget presentation. Repeals authorizations of assistance 
under section 23 of the Arms Export Control Act set at lower 
levels for these countries for fiscal year 2002 in the Security 
Assistance Act of 2000.
    Like the Administration, the Committee considers that the 
authorization levels set in this legislation are warranted for 
each of these seven countries. In specifying country-by-country 
authorization levels, the Committee does not seek to deny the 
Administration necessary flexibility to either increase the 
amounts finally allocated to these countries (if, for example, 
additional funds are appropriated for Foreign Military 
Financing), or reduce the amounts finally allocated if changed 
circumstances so require. In either case, the Committee would 
expect to notified and consulted.

                        New Advisory Committees

    H.R. 3167 does not establish or authorize any new advisory 
committees.

                    Congressional Accountability Act

    H.R. 3167 does not apply to the legislative branch.

                            Federal Mandages

    H.R. 3167 provides no Federal mandates.

         Changes in Existing Law Made by the Bill, as Reported

    In compliance with clause 3(e) of rule XIII of the Rules of 
the House of Representatives, changes in existing law made by 
the bill, as reported, are shown as follows (existing law 
proposed to be omitted is enclosed in black brackets, new 
matter is printed in italics, existing law in which no change 
is proposed is shown in roman):

           SECTION 515 OF THE SECURITY ASSISTANCE ACT OF 2000

SEC. 515. SECURITY ASSISTANCE FOR CERTAIN COUNTRIES.

    (a) Foreign Military Financing.--Of the amounts made 
available for the fiscal years 2001 and 2002 under section 23 
of the Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2763)--
            [(1) $18,200,000 for fiscal year 2001 and 
        $20,500,000 for fiscal year 2002 are authorized to be 
        available on a grant basis for all of the following 
        countries: Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania;]
            [(2)] (1) $2,000,000 for fiscal year 2001 and 
        $5,000,000 for fiscal year 2002 are authorized to be 
        available on a grant basis for the Philippines;
            [(3)] (2) $4,500,000 for fiscal year 2001 and 
        $5,000,000 for fiscal year 2002 are authorized to be 
        available on a grant basis for Georgia;
            [(4)] (3) $3,000,000 for fiscal year 2001 and 
        $3,500,000 for fiscal year 2002 are authorized to be 
        available on a grant basis for Malta;
            [(5) $3,500,000 for fiscal year 2001 and $4,000,000 
        for fiscal year 2002 are authorized to be available on 
        a grant basis for Slovenia;
            [(6) $8,400,000 for fiscal year 2001 and $8,500,000 
        for fiscal year 2002 are authorized to be available on 
        a grant basis for Slovakia;
            [(7) $11,000,000 for fiscal year 2001 and 
        $11,100,000 for fiscal year 2002 are authorized to be 
        available on a grant basis for Romania;
            [(8) $8,500,000 for fiscal year 2001 and $8,600,000 
        for fiscal year 2002 are authorized to be available on 
        a grant basis for Bulgaria; and]
            [(9)] (4) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2001 and 
        $105,000,000 for fiscal year 2002 are authorized to be 
        available on a grant basis for Jordan.

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